DGNB Core14 Env2.1

DGNB CRITERION ENV2.
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT – PRIMARY

ENERGY
CORE AND SCHEME SHEET

Offices Version 2014
TOPIC
Environmental Quality
CRITERIA GROUP
Resource Consumption and Waste Generation
RELEVANCE FACTOR
5
SHARE OF TOTAL SCORE
5.6%
© DGNB GmbH
Environmental Quality Page 2 of 69
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT – PRIMARY ENERGY
OBJECTIVES AND RELEVANCE
The criterion evaluates the complete primary energy requirement of a building. Here particular value is
placed on the reduction of the overall consumption of primary energy and the maximisation of the use of
renewable energies. Here the objective is over fulfilment of the legal regulations to the benefit of global
protection of the climate and resources.
Additional Explanation
Results must be established for the following indicators and incorporated into the evaluation:
1. Non-renewable primary energy demand (PEnren),

2. Total primary energy demand (PEtot),
3. Proportion of renewable primary energy
1. Non-renewable primary energy demand (PEnren)

The requirement for non-renewable primary energy is established over the life cycle for manufacture, repair,
operation and removal/disposal of the building.
The requirement for non-renewable energy refers to area and year and it is indicated in [kWh / m2NGFa*a].
The values necessary for the calculation (as in the criterion ENV1.1 "Life Cycle Impact Assessment") can be
established from the energy verification according to the national Energy Saving Ordinance (e.g. the EnEV
in Germany) or from the Life Cycle Energy Modelling (LCEM). The environmental effect of the construction
and the technical systems can be derived from the LCA of the materials used.
2. Total primary energy demand (PEtot)

The necessary calculation values are gained from the energy verification according to the national Energy
Saving Ordinance (e.g. the EnEV in Germany) for the use phase or from the LCEM. The LCA of the materi-
als and components used is applied in order to determine the ecological effects of construction and tech-
nical systems. Reference values of an average building help in the assessment of the construction and
technical systems.

The proportion of renewable primary energies in the total primary energy requirement is evaluated in this
indicator. For this purpose, the average proportion of renewable primary energy in the total primary energy
requirement of the building in question is compared with values of a reference building. If the reference
value is gone below by more than 30 %, the requirement for the share of renewable primary energy can be
reduced proportionately. This makes it possible for planners to attain the overriding objective - namely an
overall reduction in the primary energy requirement.
© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

ENV2.1 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT – PRIMARY ENERGY
METHOD
The criterion ENV2.1 "Life Cycle Assessment – Primary Energy" is assessed in line with the results of a
building LCA. The results of this LCA are designated as "environmental profile" or "environmentally related
quality" of a building. A building LCA establishes and evaluates the environmentally related quality of a
building while taking into consideration its use profile (office building, commercial building, school, etc.) and
compares the results with reference values of other buildings.
The basis for the establishment of data must be recorded and presented for an unequivocal checking of the
results. The comparative evaluation forms the basis for a certification of the ecological quality of the build-
ing. The building LCA should be used as early as the planning phase if possible. It can also serve as an
important instrument for optimisation of the ecological quality of the building.
In future, indicators such as abiotic consumption of resources, consumption of water and land will also be
established in criterion ENV 1.1. However the corresponding data or evaluation base is yet to be developed.
The calculation of the building LCA is based on the LCEM. The method is described below:
 Methodological basis of the building LCA

- Objective and scope
- Describing the building (Functional equivalent)
- Reference period
- System boundaries
- Calculating the building model
- Data requirements
- Reporting and documenting results
 General description of the method

- Actual building
- Reference building
 Use-specific description of the method

- Actual building
- Reference building
- Limit value and target value calculation
Methodological basis of the building life cycle assessment
Objective and scope

The objective of the assessment is to quantify and document the environmental performance of the building
and to compare the results against a defined benchmark.
The scope of the LCA includes the environmental impacts of production, use and end-of life phases. Exter-
nal works are not included. During the project’s design phase, the assessment can inform decision making
processes by allowing the environmental performance of different design options to be compared and op-
portunities to improve environmental performance throughout the life cycle to be identified.

Describing the building (Functional equivalent)

The scope of the assessment comprises the entire building excluding external works.
For assessments which only consider parts of a building complex, the system boundaries must be clearly
defined. The system boundaries for such partial assessments have to be consistent with those applied to
other criteria (e.g. ENV2.2, ECO1.1, TEC1.7, etc.). Clearly defined system boundaries are especially rele-
vant in buildings with facilities shared with other buildings, e.g. underground car parks.
The building to be evaluated must be described in terms of its material and time-dependent qualities. In
addition a clear description of the technical and functional properties of the building, the building type and
use (e. g. number of users) must be recorded in a documentation data sheet. Details about this documenta-
tion are explained in more detail under the point "DOCUMENTATION REQUIRED". The description of the
building to be evaluated represents the functional equivalent for the evaluation.
Reference period
The reference period is set down specifically for each DGNB scheme (e.g. 50 years for new offices). If the
anticipated period of use of the building examined is less than or greater than this period, the calculation of
the results can be modified accordingly. However, it must be taken into account that certain processes are
always considered equally, even for a period of use which deviates from the standard (e. g. manufacture,
demolition, etc.) Within the framework of DGNB certification the specified reference period must always be
applied in order to allow reference values to be compared.
System boundaries
The building is considered without external works. The system boundaries include (see also the following
table and APPENDIX 6):
 production: manufacture of components used in the building, including supply and transport of raw
materials to product manufacturer (Modules A1 – A3)
 use: maintenance and scheduled replacement of components including their production and end-
of-life. Operational energy-use scenario. (Modules B1 – B4 and Module B6)
 building energy demand throughout the reference period
 end-of-life scenario: processing and disposing of waste (Modules C3 and C4)
 potential benefits and detriments beyond the system boundaries including opportunities for re-
use/recycling and energy recovery (Module D)
This corresponds to modules A1 to A3, modules B1 and B4, modules C3 and C4 and module D according
to CEN/TC 350/WG1 N410/prEN 15804. For more details see also APPENDIX 6.
Additional general rules:
 the use and end-of-life phases must be defined

 potential benefits and detriments beyond the system boundaries must be defined
 external works are not included in the assessment (e.g. fencing and gates, drains, paving, land-
scaping)
 if the share of underground car parks (usable area plus traffic area) account for more than 25% of
the total net floor areas (NFA) (according to the CORE14 Floor Area Summary sheet), the traffic
area of the underground parking must be subtracted from the NFA

TABLE 1
LIFE PHASES A 1-3 A 4-5 B 1-7 C 1-4 D
BENEFITS AND
MANUFACTURING CONSTRUC- STRESSES OUT-
USE PHASE END OF THE LIFE CYCLE
PHASE TION PHASE SIDE THE SYS-
TEM LIMIT
Potential for reuse, reclamation

Procurement of raw materials
Energy consumption during
Water consumption during

Construction/installation
Removal / demolition
Waste processing
Modernisation
and recycling
Maintenance
Production
Exchange
Transport
Transport
Transport
operation
operation
Disposal
Repair
Use
MODULES IN ACCORD-
ANCE W ITH
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
CEN/TC350/W G1
N410/PREN 15804
DECLARED MODULES x x x (x)2 (x)1 x (x)3 x x x
1) Only includes the manufacture and disposal of the exchanged product and not the exchange process itself (in line with building process).
2) Maintenance processes are shown incompletely as water consumption in ENV2.2. Not included in building life cycle assessment.
3) Water consumption of the building is shown in ENV2.2. Not included in building life cycle assessment.
The following aspects are not included in the system boundaries or in the evaluation:
 construction phase including transport to site and assembly (Modules A4 and A5)
 use of electrical equipment (socket loads) and building components during reference period (Mod-
ule B1) (effects from health relevant emissions in the interior and environment are assigned to the
criteria ENV1.2 and SOC1.2)
 operational water use (see criterion ENV2.2) during reference study period (Module B7)
 unscheduled repairs and replacements during the reference period (Module B3)
 refurbishments during reference period (Module B5)
 disassembly and demolition (Module C1)
 transport to recycling plant/re-use or disposal facility (Module C2)
Calculating the building model

The building model enables mass and energy flows to be quantified. These quantitative flows are linked with
corresponding life cycle data in order to arrive at a value for each indicator included in criteria ENV1.1 "Life
Cycle Impact Assessment" and ENV2.1 "Life Cycle Assessment – Primary Energy". Results must be sys-
tematised and recorded in a structured way in order to demonstrate the calculation of mass and energy
flows and the resultant values for each indicator. The building must be documented as follows:
 building components (all building elements, structural parts, building products, building materials)
 associated processes such as maintenance, exchange and end of life processes, and re-use, re-
cycling and energy retrieval
 energy use in operation

The corresponding LCA indicator values must be established and presented individually for the building
model. In principle it is possible to use either a simplified arithmetical technique to create the building model
which allows for simplifications in recording the components of the building, or a detailed arithmetical pro-
cess including the recording of all components and their associated processes.
Two principal methods are applied to conduct the assessment:
 LCA of building components (manufacturing and construction phase). Methodological rules and da-
ta requirements are described in APPENDIX 6.
 LCEM of building’s energy demand in use (use phase).
A whole building analysis is conducted using local climate data. A reference building method is used to
evaluate the building’s environmental performance.
Five out of a maximum of ten points are awarded if the proposed building’s environmental impact is equal to
that of the reference building. More points will be awarded if the environmental impact of the proposed build-
ing is less than that of the reference building. In order to achieve a minimum of 1 point, the building’s envi-
ronmental impact must meet the minimum legal requirements.
Requirements and details for LCA and energy modelling are listed in APPENDICES 1 and 5.
Data requirements
Data for the building LCA
In general, specific and verified LCA data (i.e. Environmental Product Declaration, EPD) is more precise
than generic LCA data. The DGNB provides DGNB Auditors and Consultants with access to the following
LCA databases which include both generic and specific data:
 Brazilian Sustainable Construction Database BRASUCO

 Chinese Sustainable Construction Database CHISUCO
 European Sustainable Construction Database ESUCO
 Ukrainian Sustainable Construction Database UKRASUCO
These databases are suited to the scope and purpose of the LCA calculations. They are consistent in their
methodology and provide the required results for each indicator. The methodological consistency, conformi-
ty and completeness of specific data from other sources must be verified by independent external experts.
These requirements are fulfilled by EPD type III declarations according to ISO 14025 and prEN 15804.
Generic, data which is has not been independently verified must be factored in with an additional 10 %
supplement in order to take account of possible deviations.
As a general rule, preference should be given to datasets which most precisely reflect the item in question
(materials, end-of-life scenario, energy supply, etc.) in terms of technical relevance and assessment date,
e.g. generic datasets for design phase assessment and product-specific EPD for final documentation.
Data quality and requirements for completeness of LCA data

Both data specific to individual products or materials and aggregated data for composite components or for
entire systems such as walls, roofing systems, etc. can be used. Data must be relevant and accurate, irre-
spective of the selected type, e.g. LCA data, average LCA data or manufacturer specific LCA data. LCA

data other than that provided in ESUCO database must match the methodological standards, quality and
completeness set by ESUCO database and this must be documented comprehensively for verification.
Where EPDs are used, the LCA data must fulfil the prEN15804requirements.
The cut-off rules for LCA datasets must comply with prEN15804 and/or with the methodological standards
set by ESUCO database.
Note:
DGNB Auditors and Consultants should consult with DGNB if no adequate LCA data sets are available.
Reporting and documenting results

A brief project report must be created (see "DOCUMENTATION REQUIRED") providing information on the
creation of the building model. The LCA results must be presented in accordance with the documentation
specifications. The indicators and parameters listed in the criteria descriptions must be evaluated.
The LCA results must be presented with reference to one year and one m² NFAa, i.e. excluding circulation
space in underground car parks (reference size). This is to be carried out uniformly for the entire life cycle
assessment. The NFAa must be individually documented for each floor, itemising usable floor area (UA),
circulation space and technical plant area (TA). All area calculations must be carried out in the DGNB
CORE14 Floor Area Summary Sheet.
The following rule applies to industrial buildings:

The assessment of industrial buildings with clear room heights up to and including ≤ 12 metres is based on
their NFAa in square meters (m²). However, the assessment of industrial buildings with clear room heights
exceeding > 12 metres is based on their gross volume in cubic metres (m³). The gross volume must be
calculated according to EN ISO 9836:2011.
General description of the method
1. Non-renewable primary energy demand PEnren
Actual building
The actual building’s environmental impacts are expressed as a common parameter for the assessment of
the non-renewable primary energy (PEnren) requirements of the building as an annual average over the
reference period applied:
PEnren = PEnren,C + PEnren,O (1)
whereby
PEnren non-renewable energy demand for the designed building in [kWh/(m2NFA)]
PEnren,C annual average PEnren demand of the construction, replacement of components, dismantling, and
disposal of the building and building services throughout the reference period td
in [kWh /(m2NFA)]

PEnren,O predicted annual PEnren demand of the building in use as built, based on the final energy de-
mand of the building and building services according to the LCEM and the corresponding primary
energy conversion factor from the relevant database in [kWh /(m2NGFa)]
The annual average value of the construction phase PEnren,C is calculated as follows:
PEnren,C = (P + E) / td + R (2)
whereby
P predicted value of the PEnren demand of the building’s construction (structure and building sys-
tems) in [kWh /(m2NFA)]
E predicted value of the PEnren demand of the building’s end-of-life (structure and building systems)
in [kWh /(m2NFA)]
R predicted value of the PEnren demand of scheduled like-for-like replacement of building compo-
nents (structure and building systems) at the end of their respective service lives during the refer-
ence period in [kWh /(m2NFA)]
td the reference period for the building in years [a].
The annual average value for PEnren demand in use PEnren,O is calculated as follows:
PEnren,O = PEnren,OEl + PEnren,OH (3)
whereby
PEnren,OEl the PEnren demand of electricity demand in use, according to the LCEM and multiplied by the
conversion factor from ESUCO or other LCA data source (see Table 1) in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
PEnren,OH the PEnren demand of heating demand in use, according to the LCEM and multiplied by the
conversion factor from ESUCO or other LCA data source, if available (see “Reference building”
below) in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
Reference building
The reference value (50 sub-points) for the primary energy requirement of non-renewable (PEnren,ref) is gen-
erally derived from:
 a fixed proportion for the construction related value of the emission related environmental im-
pacts for manufacture, maintenance and removal/disposal and
 a variable proportion for the use related value of the emission related environmental impacts to
the amount of the reference building used as a basis in LCEM. The variable proportion is calcu-
lated from the electricity and heat requirement established according to LCEM (end energy), mul-
tiplied by defined factors:
– The environmental impact factors for the reference building’s electricity demand Elref are

derived from ESUCO or other LCA databases for the relevant countries (e.g. Chinese fac-
tors from CHISUCO, Spanish factors from ESUCO, etc.).
– The environmental impact factors of fuel used to meet the reference building’s annual heat-
ing demand Href (end energy) must be locally defined. This may require detailed research
by the Auditor. For example, in Germany these factors are derived from statistical studies of
real projects, based on the assumption that thermal energy mix comprises 25 % gas-NT (low
temperature), 25 % oil-NT (low temperature), 25 % gas energy value and 25 % oil energy
value generation.
RPEnren = PEnren,ref = PEnren,Cref + PEnren,Oref (4)
whereby
PEnren,Cref Annual average non-renewable energy demand of the construction, maintenance, disassembly,
and disposal of the building and building services throughout the reference period td in [kWh
/(m2NFA*a)]
PEnren,Oref Annual non-renewable energy demand of the reference building in use, based on the final energy
demand of the building and building services according to the LCEM
The reference value for construction PEnren,Cref is calculated as follows:
PEnren,Cref = (Pref + Eref ) / td + Rref (5)
whereby
Pref reference value for the PEnren demand created during construction (structure and building sys-
tems technology) of an average building in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
Eref reference value for the PEnren demand created during dismantling and disposal (structure and
building systems technology) of an average building in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
Rref predicted PEnren demand of the scheduled like-for-like replacement of individual building compo-
nents and building services at the end of their respective service live during a 50 year life cycle of
the reference building in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
td the reference study period for the building in years [a].
The value PEnren,Cref emerges with the assistance of parameters Pref, Eref and Rref gained from statistical
enquiries. The parameter value for PEnren,Cref for the calculation according to ESUCO (or other LCA data-
base) is located under "scheme-specific description ".
The reference value for use PEnren,Oref is calculated as follows:
PEnren,Oref = (PEnren,OElref + PEnren,OHref) (6)
whereby

PEnren, OElref PEnren demand associated with the reference building´s electricity demand (end energy) based
on the LCEM and the conversion factor from the relevant database in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
PEnren, OHref PEnren demand associated with the reference building´s heating demand (end energy) based on
the LCEM and the conversion factor from the relevant database in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
The parameter values for PEnren, OElref and PEnren, OHref for the calculation according to BRAZUCO,
CHISUCO, ESUCO, UKRASUCO etc. are located under “scheme-specific description".
2. Total primary energy demand PEtot
Actual building
The following calculation rules apply for the calculation of the total primary energy requirements (PEtot) of
the building, which is made up of a non-renewable and a renewable proportion, and the reference value
(reference building according to LCEM):
Generally:
 the value for the PEnren demand is to be taken from indicator 1.

 for the renewable primary energy the followings are considered: biomass (lower heating value of
the dry mass), insolation (photovoltaics and thermal solar: amount of energy produced), geo-
thermal/ambient heat (amount of energy produced), hydropower and wind power (data sets in the
relevant database).
 for the secondary fuels the followings are considered: heating value of the renewable and non-
renewable secondary fuels used (for example used tyres, used wood, plastic waste); in the case
of district heating using waste as a fuel, the amount of conserved energy is used.
 the reference value is generally the lower heating value Hu.
The ecological impacts of the actual building are combined into a common parameter for the assessment of
the total primary energy requirement of the building as an annual average value over the reference period
applied for the certification:
PEtot = PEnren + PEren + Sec (7)
whereby
PEnren annual average non-renewable primary energy demand of the building throughout the refer-
ence period td in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
PEren annual average renewable primary energy demand of the building throughout the reference
period td in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
Sec average annual energy demand from secondary fuels of the building throughout the reference
period td in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
The value for the PEnren of the building is to be taken from the calculations of indicator 1.

The value for PEren is calculated in compliance with the calculation rules for non-renewable primary energy
PEnren (equations (2) and (3)), with the exception that the PEren values in LCA database (ESUCO or
CHISUCO, etc.) are used.
The value for Sec is calculated in compliance with the calculation rules for PEnren (equations (2) and (3)),
with the exception that the secondary fuel values in the relevant database are used.
Reference building
The reference value (50 sub-points) for the primary energy requirement of non-renewable (PEtot,ref) is gen-
erally derived from
 a fixed proportion for the construction related value of the emission related environmental im-
pacts for manufacture, maintenance, and removal / disposal and
 a variable proportion for the use related value of the emission related environmental impacts to
the amount of the reference building used as a basis in the LCEM. The variable proportion is calcu-
lated from the electricity and heat requirement established according to the LCEM (end energy)
multiplied by defined factors:
– The environmental impact factors for the reference building’s electricity demand Elref are
derived from ESUCO or other LCA databases for the relevant countries (e.g. Chinese fac-
tors from CHISUCO, Spanish factors from ESUCO, etc.).
– The environmental impact factors of fuel used to meet the reference building’s annual heat-
ing demand Href (end energy) must be locally defined. This may require detailed research
by the Auditor. For example, in Germany these factors are derived from statistical studies of
real projects, based on the assumption that thermal energy mix comprises 25 % gas-NT (low
temperature), 25 % oil-NT (low temperature), 25 % gas energy value and 25 % oil energy
value generation.
RPEtot = PEtot,ref = PEtot,Cref + PEtot,Oref (8)
whereby
PEtot,Cref Annual average primary energy demand of the construction, maintenance, disassembly and
disposal of the building and building services throughout the reference period td
in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
PEtot,Oref Annual primary energy demand of the reference building in use, based on the final energy de-
mand of the building and building services based on the LCEM and the relevant database
in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
The reference value for construction PEtot,Cref is calculated as follows:
PEtot,Cref = (Pref + Eref ) / tD + Rref (9)
where
Pref Reference value for the total energy/primary energy used for construction (structure and building

systems technology) of an average building in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
Eref Reference value for the total energy/primary energy used for dismantling and disposal (struc-
ture and building systems technology) of an average building in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
Rref Reference value for the total energy / primary energy as a result of like for like replacement of
building components (structure and building systems technology) at the end of their respective
service lives, during the reference study period tD of the reference building in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
tD the reference study period for the building in [a].
The value PEtot,Cref emerges with the assistance of parameters Pref, Eref and Rref gained from statistical en-
quiries. The parameter value for PEnren,Cref for the calculation according to ESUCO (or other LCA database)
is located under "scheme-specific description ".
The reference value for use PEtot,Oref is calculated as follows:
PEtot,Oref = (PEtot,OElref + PEtot,OHref) (10)
where
PEtot,OElref Total energy / primary energy demand for the reference building’s electricity demand (end en-
ergy) based on the LCEM and the corresponding primary energy conversion factor from the rele-
vant database (see Table 1) in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
PEtot,OHref Total energy / primary energy for the fuel used by the reference building to meet the heating
demand (end energy) based on the LCEM and the corresponding primary energy factor from
the relevant database, if available (see “Reference building” above) in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]
The parameter values for PEtot, OElref and PEtot, OHref for the calculation according to ESUCO (or other LCA
database) are located under "scheme-specific description".

For the assessment of the proportion of renewable primary energy it is necessary to establish the ratio of
the PEren requirement to the PEtot requirement as a proportional percentage.
Scheme specific description
The calculation is based on the LCEM. The reference period is 50 years. The following parameters are
taken into account in the evaluation benchmark.
Values for environmental impacts arising from construction related emissions are drawn from:
 relevant statistical research for manufacture, maintenance, and end-of-life phases

 results of DGNB certifications to date

 the environmental impact of electricity generation according to ESUCO or other LCA databases
 the environmental impact of thermal energy according to research on typical heat generation in the
country.
Any research and selection of data included in the evaluation conducted in close liaison with DGNB.
Actual building
The actual values are established in accordance with the "general description of the method". The energy
requirements of user equipment are not taken into account.
Reference building
The actual values are established in accordance with the "general description of the method". The energy
requirements of user equipment are not taken into account.
TABLE 2 Reference values for manufacture, maintenance, removal/disposal and use of the reference building
PE NR EN PE T O T PE RE N /PE T O T
[MJ/m2NFA*a)] * [MJ/m2NFA*a)] * %
UNIT
PEnren,Cref = 123 PEtot,Cref = 151 -

CONSTRUCTION
PEnren,Oref = (PEnren,OElref + PEges,Nref =(PEges,NSref + PEges,NWref -

PEnren,OHref) +
PEges,NAref)
where
where
PEnren,OElref = 8.78 ** Elref
OPERATION*
PEnren,OHref = 4.36 * Href PEtot,OElref = 10.26 ** Olref

PEtot,OHref = 4.39 * Href
*NOTE: Conversion factor 1kWh = 3.6 MJ

**NOTE: The environmental impact factors relate to the German reference building’s Elref and Href.
Calculation of the limit and target values

Limit value L and target value T needed to supplement the criterion´s evaluation are determined as follows:
L=X*R
T=Y*R
NOTE: for the indicator PEren/PEtot R = 1 is to be applied.

The associated sizes X and Y are to be applied as follows:
TABLE 3 Limit and target value
LIMIT AND TARGET VALUES PE NR EN PE T O T PE RE N /PE T O T
X 1.4 1.4 0%
Y 0.7 0.4 20%
Weighting key of the indicators (G) within the criterion:
TABLE 4 Weighting key of the indicators
G PE NR EN G PET OT G PE RE N / PET O T
60% 40% 20%
EVALUATION
At the indicator level, sub-points (SP) on a scale from 0 to 100 are allocated. These are then converted into
checklist points (CLP) on a scale from 0 to 100 by means of the weighting key (GPENREN, etc.) listed in table
3. The maximum achievable number of checklist points is 100.
1. Non-renewable primary energy demand PEnren
TABLE 5 Point allocation for the indicator non-renewable primary energy requirement PEnren
SUB-POINTS (SP) DESCRIPTION
10 PEnren = 1.4 * PEnren,ref

50 PEnren = PEnren,ref
A linear interpolation is possible.
2. Total primary energy demand PEtot
TABLE 6 Points allocation for the indicator total primary energy requirement PEtot
5 PEtot = 1.4 * PEtot,ref
25 PEtot = PEtot,ref

100* PEtot = 0.4 * PEtot,ref

* Note: Buildings with a very high energy efficiency PEtot < 0.7 * PEtot,ref can receive up to 100 sub-points even with a small proportion of
renewable primary energy (for example, buildings built to the passive house standard).
TABLE 7 Points allocation for indicator proportion renewable primary energy
5 PEren / PEtot = 2%

Evaluation of the CLP for the criterion:
CLP = SPPEnren * GPEnren + SPPEtot *GPEtot + SPPEren/PEtot *GPEren/PEtot
Conversion table
TABLE 8
CHECKLISTPOINTS (CLP) EVALUATION POINTS
LIMIT VALUE L 10 1
REFERENCE VALUE R 50 5
TARGET VALUE T 100 10

DOCUMENTATION REQUIRED
The following evidence represents a selection of possible/alternative forms of evidence. The selected eval-
uation of the individual indicators must be comprehensively and plausibly demonstrated in the documents
submitted.
Documentation of results
Documentation for the simplified calculation method – Product and construction process stage
 Presentation of the building model including source of primary data for

– building surface area and volume
– building components or surfaces/materials (quantities and estimated service life); where
components are combined, this must be explicitly demonstrated
– heat and electricity demand for the building to be certified and the reference building in com-
pliance with APPENDIX 1. Signed national EPBD verification must be also included
– quantity survey of building envelope surfaces (external walls including windows/façade,
foundation slab, roof) from the calculation in compliance with documentation according to
APPENDIX 6 and allocation to building components evaluated
– windows/French doors/post-and-beam façade with information on frame size, a depiction of
a cross- section of the main profile system, the number of windows that can be opened, and
the type of glazing
– quantity survey of interior walls and supports; plausibility analysis for floor plans with infor-
mation on types of interior walls/supports
– internal doors: amount (number and area), list of most important types, and description of
calculation
– quantity survey for ceilings, divided into building levels
– sectional representation of building components as a series of layers indicating layer thick-
nesses, estimated gross density, and allocation to a data set in ESUCO (or other LCA) data-
base
– representation of quantity survey for foundations
– reinforced concrete must be quantified in kg/m³ or kg/m² of the relevant building compo-
nents. Alternatively, steel reinforcements can be listed in an overall project summary
– documentation of heating/cooling unit
 Processes/components must be documented even when they are disregarded
 Data on which the environmental impact is based. If the data used goes beyond that included in
ESUCO (or other LCA) database, the data, or the part not included in ESUCO (or other LCA) data-
base, must be disclosed for verification by DGNB.
Documentation for the complete calculation method – Product and construction process stage
 Building surface area and volume

 Building components or surfaces/materials not affected by cut-off criteria (amount and estimated
service life)
 Heat and electricity demand for the building to be certified and for the reference building in compli-
ance with APPENDIX 1 (signed national EPBD verification must be included); bill of quantities for
building components

 Breakdown of construction costs according to cost categories listed in criterion ECO1.1

 The quantity survey’s completeness must be verifiably presented and substantiated
 Data on which the environmental impact is based. If the data used goes beyond that included in
ESUCO (or other LCA) database, the data, or the part not included in ESUCO (or other LCA) data-
base, must be disclosed for verification by a conformity assessment
Documents created for this criterion are optional depending on the chosen type and level of evaluation.
Documentation for the calculation method of the use stage scenario
 Current and heat requirement (end energy) for the building to be certified and also for the reference
building according to LCEM. The calculation must correspond to the building which is realised and
the LCEM simulation. Indication of the specific electrical performance from a detailed lighting tech-
nical planning in the calculation of the artificial light requirement, otherwise calculation according to
LCEM
 Type of heat and cooling generation systems and ventilation systems plus energy carriers
 For district heating the regenerative proportion must be shown via a corresponding certificate or in-
dication of the supplier
 Set operating lives of the components and surfaces
 Description and feed-in values in accordance with a local Renewable Energies Act of the building
related energy systems (e.g. in Germany according to EEG), if present
 Verification of origin in the case of waste heat use
Documentation for the calculation method of the End-of-Life scenario
 Assignment of the documented components to a disposal-/recycling pathway
Documentation required for environmental impact results

Results must be presented for the entire life cycle per m² NFA and year, categorised by:
 product stage
 use stage - operational heat and electricity demand
 use stage - replacement (including end of life of replacement)
 end of life stage (waste processing and disposal, benefits and loads for the next product systems)
A breakdown of construction costs according to cost groups listed in criterion ECO1.1 is required.
To ensure consistent summary results, the matrix of criterion TEC1.6 Deconstruction and Disassembly must
be completed.
Project report for creation of the building life cycle assessment

Content:
 General information
– designation of the building (address, etc.)
– author of the building life cycle assessment (name and qualifications)
– arithmetical and evaluation processes used
– point in time of creation of the LCA in the life cycle of the building
– date of creation

 General information on the building and the building model

– building type
– structure of use
– required period of use
– reference study period
– other information about the building such as e.g. technical type of building (type of support
structure); year of commissioning; verification of LCEM calculation including information on
the reference building end energy
– energy generators and energy carriers used for supplying the building with heat, cooling, and
hot water
 Indication of the limits and scenarios valid for the evaluation

– for the building to be evaluated it is necessary to indicate that the calculation methodology (de-
cisive assumptions and scenarios) was carried out in accordance with the requirements de-
scribed above
 Data sources
– the data sources, type and quality of the data used are to be indicated qualitatively. This ap-
plies for both, the building model and the LCA data
Verification of results
All the information used, options, or decisions made must be presented in transparent form in order to be
verifiable. The verification includes the following:
 completeness and verification of the completeness for the quantification at the building level
 traceability of the data used for the products
 conformity of the data to the requirements of EN 15804
 consistency between the scenarios which are valid at building level and the scenarios used for the
products
The parameters and calculation specifications necessary for the calculation can be taken from the
following documents:
 calculations according to LCEM with detailed indications on the end energy requirement of the ref-
erence building, divided according to energy carriers and type of energy generation
 LCA of the physical building components of the building to be certified according to EN ISO 14040
and 14044 which includes all the life cycle phases to be incorporated
 ESUCO (or other LCA) database
 operating lives of components (see OVERVIEW OF APPENDICES, APPENDIX 5.3)
When using software tools it is essential to pay attention to the implementation of the requirements shown in
the criterion and the application of the data basis described.

REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
 EN ISO 14040. Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework.
Berlin: Beuth Publisher. November 2009
 EN ISO 14044. Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guide-
lines. Berlin: Beuth Publisher, October 2006
 EN ISO 9836. Performance standards in buildings – Definition and calculation of area and space
indicators. Berlin: Beuth Publisher. October 2011
 EN 15804. Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Core rules
for the product category of construction products. Berlin: Beuth Publisher. April 2012
 DIN EN 15978. Sustainability of construction works - Assessment of environmental performance of
buildings - Calculation method. Berlin: Beuth Publisher. October 2012
 DIN EN 13779. LPG equipment and accessories - Contents gauges for Liquefied Petroleum Gas
(LPG) pressure vessels. Berlin: Beuth Publisher. June 2012
 DIN V 18599. Energy efficiency of buildings - Calculation of the net, final and primary energy de-
mand for heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water and lighting - Part 5: Final energy de-
mand of heating systems; Part 7: Final energy demand of air-handling and air-conditioning sys-
tems for non-residential buildings; Part 8: Net and final energy demand of domestic hot water sys-
tems. Berlin: Beuth Publisher. December 2011
 DIN V 4701-10. Energy efficiency of heating and ventilation systems in buildings - Part 10: Heating,
domestic hot water supply, ventilation. Berlin: Beuth Publisher. August 2003.
 VDI 2067. Economic efficiency of building installations - Fundamentals and economic calculation.
Düsseldorf: Beuth Publisher. September 2000
 Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Housing (BMVBS): Sustainable Building Guide, Janu-
ary 2001
 VDI 6020. Requirements on methods of calculation to thermal and energy simulation of buildings
and plants – Buildings. Berlin: Beuth Publisher. May 2001
 VDI 6007. Part 2 - Calculation of transient thermal response of rooms and buildings - Modeling of
rooms; Part 3 - Calculation of transient thermal response of rooms and buildings - Modelling of so-
lar radiation. Berlin: Beuth Publisher. April 2012
 CEN EN 15265: Energy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy needs for space heating
and cooling using dynamic methods - General criteria and validation procedures
 EN 15255:2007: Energy performance of buildings - Sensible room cooling load calculation - Gen-
eral criteria and validation procedures
 ASHRAE 140: Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load Tests
 http://www.designbuilder.co.uk/documents/ANSI_ASHRAE.pdf
 http://simulationresearch.lbl.gov/dirpubs/epl_bestest_ash.pdf

OVERVIEW OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1: Global Reference Building Values

This appendix provides the factors to be considered for developing the global reference building in case
local values are not available. The following values can be found in APPENDIX 1:
1.1 User and Operation Requirements

1.2 Characteristics of Building and Construction Building Envelope
1.3 Technical Services (HVAC, Lighting)
1.4 Demands for Thermal Zoning
APPENDIX 2: Local Reference Building Values

The Auditor should include details of national specific reference building as APPENDIX 2.
APPENDIX 3: Catalogue of Building Components

The Auditor must complete Deconstruction and Disassembly Matrix in TEC1.6 and include this as APPEN-
DIX 3.
APPENDIX 4: Tested Software for Life Cycle Energy Modelling

The Auditor should provide information about the software used for the LCEM in APPENDIX 4.
The assessment will be performed using a thermal building simulation software in accordance with VDI
6020 or CEN EN 15265 or EN 15255 or VDI 6007 or ASHRAE 140, using typical meteorological climate
data in hourly values for the location (test reference year), adopted to the local climate known from the past
30 years. The microclimate of the building site location should be taken into account (e.g. "urban heat is-
land" for inner city locations).
APPENDIX 5: Life Cycle Energy modelling

Quantification rules for Life Cycle modelling of the building
The results are derived from a LCEM of the building according to the rules described in this criterion. In
general, either a simplified calculation can be performed for the modelling of results (affecting product stage,
refurbishment, end of life stage, and benefits and loads from next product systems) or a detailed complete
calculation can be performed for the modelling of results (including all life cycle stages). In both cases, the
operational energy use has to be calculated according to APPENDIX 4.
5.1 Product and construction process stage (Modules A1 – A3), simplified calculation method
The product stage comprises the calculation of the following building elements:
(1) foundations, floor slab

(2) structural parts, columns
(3) staircases
(4) roofs
(5) ceilings, floors (including finishes)
(6) external walls (including finishes), windows and external doors
(7) internal walls (including finishes) and internal doors
(8) central heating and cooling generation units

Building components and quantity of the cost items are to be categorized and provided according to AP-
PENDIX 1 of criterion ECO1.1.
Building components are to be specified and documented according to layer composition. Modelling of the
product stage is to link the product data with the LCA datasets in ESUCO (or other LCA) database. Each
dataset’s reference unit must be checked for agreement with the unit for the calculated quantity and adjust-
ed if necessary.
Quantity surveys for the product stage are to be conducted and documented as follows:
For (1), (2), (3), the results of the layer compositions have to be offset against the corresponding gross floor
area (GFA) measures in the building as a whole and reported separately. Alternatively, total masses (e.g.
concrete in foundation) are to be calculated and documented accordingly.
For (4), (5), and (6) the results of the layer compositions must be offset against the corresponding surface
measures in the building as a whole and reported separately. Documented references must demonstrate
that all shell surfaces have been included in the calculation in compliance with LCEM demands/Minimum
requirements (values from APPENDICES 1 & 5).
For (7), the results of the layer compositions must be offset against, for example, amounts calculated in
implementation plans for the building as a whole and reported separately.
For (8), manufacture of the central heating or cooling unit is to be included in the overall calculation. Pipes
and systems for heat delivery are to be excluded from the calculation.
To simplify the process, average values for similar building components/layer compositions can be used in
the same ratio in which they are actually used in the entire building. Building components must be outlined
and documented.
If the quantity survey is only for (1) – (7) over surfaces without taking connections into consideration and
only the central heating or cooling system is included as technical services item, the results must be mul-
tiplied by the factor 1.1.
Transportation to building site (A4) is to be disregarded. Products and energy use that relate only to con-
struction site operation are not considered (A5). Neither are excavation processes, demolitions, and tempo-
rary preliminary works are not included.
The building model of the manufacture is to be linked with LCA data sets. If no precise LCA data are availa-
ble for components, a technically close LCA data set must be used. If several similar data sets can be se-
lected, a conservative approach must be chosen (worst case principle).
5.2 Product and construction process stage (Modules A1 – A3), complete calculation method
The building shell and any extensions as they are built are to be included in the calculations of the environ-
mental impact values for a building’s construction. Building components and quantity of the items are to be
categorized and provided according to APPENDIX 1 of criterion ECO1.1.

Cut-off criteria:
 All materials that make up more than 1 % of the building’s total mass or more than 1 % of primary
energy consumption considered material or more than 1 % of the impact categories global warm-
ing potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), and eutrophication potential (EP) must be includ-
ed. Justifiable estimates of primary energy consumption are acceptable.
 The total amount of disregarded materials must not exceed 5 % of the total mass of the building, of
the primary energy, of the impact in the categories GWP, AP, and EP.
The quantity survey’s completeness must be verifiably presented and substantiated. Transportation to build-
ing site (A4) is to be disregarded. Products and energy use that relate only to construction site operation are
not considered (A5). Excavation processes, demolitions, and temporary preliminary works are also not
included.
The building model of the manufacture is to be linked with LCA data sets.
If no precise LCA data are available for components, a technically close LCA data set must be used. If sev-
eral similar data sets can be selected, a conservative approach must be chosen (worst case principle).
5.3 Calculation method for the use stage scenario (Modules of group B)
Supply and disposal systems and repairs are to be included when calculating the environmental impact
values for a building’s use stage scenario. The value appropriate for the use profile is to be taken into ac-
count as reference period td (e.g. 50 years for office and administrative buildings).
Calculations and results should be organized in compliance with criterion ECO1.1.
The assessment of the use stage scenario includes the following groups:
(1) Operational energy use (B1)

(2) Replacement of construction and technical appliances (B4)
For (1), values for end energy demand for heat and electricity are to be taken from the LCEM. Heating units
must be listed and assigned and linked to data sets in ESUCO database. In the case of district heating, the
renewable share of district heating reported by the supplier is subtracted from the calculated heat demand
and designated as secondary fuel (included in the calculation of the total primary energy demand in Criteri-
on ENV2.1). The remaining share of district heating is linked to the appropriate data set in ESUCO data-
base. The district heating data sets in ESUCO database are based on the composition of non-renewable
district heating in Europe. The European power mix should serve as the basis for the environmental impact
values of electricity demand.
For (2), estimated service life (ESL) for surfaces and moving building components should be taken from the
following data sources: Building materials and products: According to country specific agreed upon, statistic-
based estimated service life tables for products. In case no list as such is available, the German “Sustaina-
ble Building Guide” should be considered (“mean value”).
For building services the same applies as for materials and products. In case no list is available, the Ger-
man VDI 2067 estimated service life values should be included (note: these are available in the datasets in
ESUCO database documentation). Calculations for replacements must be made for all materials, building
components, and surfaces with estimated service life values of less than the reference study period. Re-

placement measures (replacing building components/products after their estimated service life) are calcu-
lated under the assumption that the replacement component/product is the same as the original. It is im-
portant that the technical conditions of the replacement be calculated as realistically as possible, particularly
for access to building components that may involve the extension and renewal of multiple layers. Only full
number of replacements (no partial) is allowed. Disposal of replaced building components/products is to be
calculated using the appropriate end-of-life data set in ESUCO database and included in the overall total for
the replacement. Transportation to disposal / recycling can be disregarded.
If the quantity survey for the product stage follows the simplified approach, the results for replace-
ment must be multiplied by the factor 1.1.
The plausibility of the approaches must be presented. Note that the same assumptions used to calculate
life-cycle costs are to be used here.
5.4 Calculation method for the End-of-Life scenario and for benefits and loads scenario for the
next product system (Modules of groups C and D)
The calculation of environmental impact values for a building’s end-of-life scenario must include the recy-
cling and disposal of all building materials that remain in the building after the end of the period under con-
sideration. The data sets in ESUCO database are to be used for the calculation. To simplify the process, the
calculation can be made for groups of materials.
The following material groups must be distinguished in the calculations:
(1) metals
(2) mineral building materials
(3) materials with a heating value (wood, plastics, etc.)
(4) central heating and cooling appliances
(5) all other materials that can be deposited (landfilled) at construction or household waste sites
For (1), the type of disposal here is “recycling”. The ESUCO database data sets for “metal recycling poten-
tial” should be used or the respective value if specific EPDs are used (Module D). Careful classification is
important, documentation of the results have to be documented in Module D. Note that recycling potential
can be reported only for metals with shares of primary manufacturing. In other words, if a product is made of
recycled material, it no longer has recycling potential (relevant for concrete reinforcement).
For (2), the type of disposal here is “recycling”. To simplify the process, the ESUCO database data set
“construction rubble processing” should be used for all mineral building materials (to be documented in
Module C3). Benefits from recycling are to be calculated by subtracting the respective amount of primary
gravel (to be documented in Module D).
For (3), the type of disposal here is “incineration (with thermal recovery where applicable)” The data sets
should be listed according to material groups (timber, timber materials, plastics, etc.) and should correspond
to an ESUCO database data set or a respective value from a specific EPD.
Documentation of results is required if in Module C4 incineration without energy recovery was chosen or in
Modules C3 and D if energy recovery was chosen (according to dataset definition).

For (4), the ESUCO (or other LCA) database data set or the respective value from a specific EPD that cor-
responds to the manufacturing process should be used (results to be documented in Module D).
For (5), the type of disposal here is “disposal at landfill site,” as long the materials can be deposited at con-
struction or household waste sites. The most appropriate ESUCO (or other LCA) database data sets should
be used (results to be documented in Module C4).
If the quantity survey for the product stage follows the simplified approach, the results for replace-
ment must be multiplied by the factor 1.1.
APPENDIX 6: System boundaries of LCA in the DGNB System

The system boundaries are described by modules A1 to A3, modules B1 and B4, modules C3 and C4 and
module D according to CEN/TC 350/WG1 N410 / prEN 15804.
APPENDIX 7: How to use the ESUCO Database

A brief introduction on how to gain access and use the ESUCO database for the LCA is provided in this
section.

APPENDIX 1
1. Reference Building – User and Operation
Keys to symbols in table:

*D = daylight sensor
*M = manual (lighting switched on/off considering user behaviour)
*P = presence / motion sensor
USE AND OPERATION OPERAT ION
YEARLY OPERATION HOU RS

COOLING: REQUIRED VENTILATION LIGHTING
MEDIUM OCCUPANCY NUM-
HEATING : REQUIRED T EM-

DAILY OPERATION HOURS
EQUIPMENT AND MACHI N-

TEMPERATURE
THERMAL DISCHARGE BY
THERMAL DISCHARGE BY
(MONDAY TO FRIDAY, MI-
YEARLY HOURS OF USE
DAILY HOURS OF USE
PERSON (SENSITIVE)
MINIMUM HUMIDITY
FACTOR LIGHTING
PRIMARY ENERGY
MINIMUM FRESH
START OF USE
LIGHTING CON-
AIR EXCHANGE
NUS HOLIDAY)
ILLUMINATION
SPACE TYPE
END OF USE
PERATURE
OFF-TIME
DEMAND
DEMAND
HVAC
HVAC
BERS
RATE
TROL
ERY
NO.
[°C]
[HOUR [HOURS/A] [M3/P] [W H/M2 [W H/M2 [°C] [°C] [%] [M3/M2 [LUX]
S/DAY] DAY] DAY] H]
1 SINGLE / 07:00 18:00 11 2750 13 3250 14 30 42 21 17 24 no demand 50 4 none 500 0.7 D*

CLUSTER
OFFICE
2 OPEN 07:00 18:00 11 2750 13 3250 10 42 60 21 17 24 no demand 50 6 none 500 1 D*

SPACE
OFFICE
3 CONFER- 07:00 18:00 11 2750 13 3250 3 96 8 21 17 24 no demand - 15 none 500 1 P*

ENCE,
MEETING,
SEMINAR
4 COUNTER 07:00 18:00 11 2750 13 3250 12 36 24 21 17 24 no demand - 2 none 200 1 M*

HALL
5 CANTEEN 08:00 15:00 7 1750 9 2250 1.2 177 10 21 17 24 no demand - 18 none 200 1 M*
6 RESTAU- 10:00 00:00 14 4200 16 4800 1.2 236 14 21 17 24 no demand - 18 none 200 1 M*
RANT

7 KITCHEN 10:00 23:00 13 3250 15 4500 10 56 1800 21 17 24 no demand - 90 none 500 1 M*
8 KITCHEN – 10:00 23:00 13 3250 15 4500 10 56 180 21 17 24 no demand - 15 none 300 1 P*

PREPARA-
TION,
STORAGE
9 LAVATORY, 07:00 18:00 11 2750 13 3250 - 0 0 21 17 24 no demand 50 15 none 200 1 P*

BATH-
ROOMS
10 ADJACENT 07:00 18:00 11 2750 13 3250 - 0 0 21 17 24 no demand 50 0.15 none 100 1 P*

AREAS
(W ITHOUT
RECREA-
TION
AREAS)
11 CIRCULA- 07:00 18:00 11 2750 13 3250 - 0 0 21 17 24 no demand 50 0 none 100 1 P*

TION
AREAS
12 STORAGE, 07:00 18:00 11 2750 13 3250 - 0 0 21 17 24 no demand 50 0.15 none 100 1 M*

SERVICE
ROOM
13 SERVER 00:00 00:00 24 8760 24 8760 30 15 1800 21 17 24 no demand - 1.3 none 500 0.5 P*
ROOM
14 PARKING 07:00 18:00 11 2750 13 3250 - 0 0 - - - no demand - 8 none 75 1 M*

GARAGE
(OFFICE
AND PRI-
VATE USE)
15 PARKING 09:00 00:00 15 5475 17 6205 - 0 0 - - - no demand - 16 none 75 1 M*

GARAGE
(PUBLIC
USE)

2. Reference Building – Building Envelope
NO. BUILDING ELEMENT PROPERTIES VALUES FOR REFERENCE BUILDING
1.1 OUTSIDE W ALL, FLOOR SLAP EXPOSED TO AIR

Coefficient of heat transmission UW = 0.28 W/(m2 K)
1.2 CURTAIN FAÇADE (SEE ALSO NO. 1.14)

Coefficient of thermal conductivity for glazing g = 0.48
Luminous transmission index of glazing TD65 = 0.72
1.3 WALL EXPOSED TO SOIL, BASE PLATE, W ALLS AND CEILINGS
CONNECTED TO NON-HEATED ROOMS (BESIDES BUILDING
ELEMENTS ACCORDING TO NO. 1.4)
1.4 ROOF (AS FAR AS NOT CONSIDERED IN NO. 1. 5), TOP FLOOR
SLAP, W ALLS IN DIRECTION OF NAVE AISLE
1.5 GLASS ROOF
1.6 LIGHTING ROW
1.7 LIGHT CUPOLA
1.8 WINDOW S, GLAZED DOORS (SEE ALSO NO. 1.14)
1.9 ROOF LIGHT, SKY LIGHT (SEE ALSO NO. 1.14)
1.10 OUTSIDE DOOR
1.11 BUILDING ELEMENTS FROM NO. 1.1 AND 1.3 TO 1.10
Thermal bridge adjustment ΔUW = 0.05 W/(m2 K)
1.12 LEAK TIGHTNESS OF BUILDING
Related value n50 with ventilation: n50 = 1.0 h-1

without ventilation: n 50 = 1.5 h-1

1.13 DAYLIGHT SUPPLY BY SUN SHADING AND/OR GL ARE SHIELD
Daylight supply factor CTL,Vers,SA No sun shading or glare shield provided:
0.70
Glare shield provided: 0.15
1.14 SUN SHADING DEVICE
Sun shading devices of the constructed building need to be taken into account for calculating
the reference building. This refers to the insulation from heat during summer days according to
criterion TEC1.3, Indicator 6 “Solar Heat Protection”.
If solar glass is used to fulfil this Indicator, the following values need to be taken into account for
the used solar glass:
Instead of NO. 1.2
Coefficient of thermal conductivity for glazing: g = 0.35
Luminous transmission index of glazing: T D65 = 0.58
Instead of values of NO. 1.8 and 1.9:
Coefficient of thermal conductivity for glazing: g = 0.35
Luminous transmission index of glazing: T D65 = 0.62
3. Reference Building – Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning, Lighting
NO. SYSTEM VALUES FOR REFERENCE BUILDING
2.1 LIGTHING TECHNIQUE

Direct / Indirect, each with electronic ballast and fluorescent tube
2.2 LIGHTING CONTROL
See Table 1. of APPENDIX 1, column “Lighting control”
3.1 HEATING (CEILING HEIGHT ≤ 4 M) – HEAT GENERATORS
Considering boiler, forced-air burner, domestic fuel oil, placed outside of the thermal envelope,
water content > 0.15 l/kW
3.2 HEATING (CEILING HEIGHT ≤ 4 M) – HEAT DISTRIBUTION
In case of radiator heating and hot-air heating (decentral re-heater of the ventilation system):
Double-pipe network, external distribution pipes in unheated areas, internal ascending pipes,
internal supply lines, system-temperature 55/45 °C, hydraulic aligned, Δp constant, pump de-
signed by its demand, pump with intermittent operation, no overflow valves, calculating the

length of the reference building, 70% of the standard length as well the ambient temperature
can be chosen according to DIN V 18599-5.
In case of central ventilation system:

Double-pipe network, system-temperature 70/55 °C, hydraulic aligned, Δp constant, pump de-
signed by its demand, for calculating the reference building the lengths and position of pipes
must be assumed the same as for the actual building.
3.3 HEATING (CEILING HEIGHT ≤ 4 M) – HEAT TRANSFER
In case of radiator heating:
Free heating surfaces fixed to outside walls with glass surfaces and radiation protection, P-
controller (1K), no auxiliary energy.
In case of hot-air heating (decentral re-heater of the ventilation system):

Room temperature as controlled variable, high control quality.
3.4 HEATING (CEILING HEIGHT > 4 M)
Heating system:
Hot-air heating with standard induction outlet, air outlet sideways, P-controller (1K) according to
DIN V 18599-5.
4.1 DOMESTIC HOT W ATER – CENTRAL SYSTEM
Heat generator:
Solar collector according to DIN V 18599-8, Section 6.4.1, including
flat-plate collector: AC = 0.09∙(1.5∙NFAa*)0.8
volume of beneath solar part of storage system: VS,SOL = 2∙(1.5∙NFAa*)0.9
in case of NFAa* > 500 m2 “large scale solar plant”
Remaining demand is supplied by heat generator of heating system.
Note: is the net floor area of zones supplied by central system
Heat storage:
Indirect heated storage system (upright), placed outside of the thermal envelope.
Heat distribution:
Including circulation, Δp constant, pump designed by its demand, for calculating the reference
building the lengths and position of pipes must be assumed the same as for the actual building.
4.2 HOT W ATER – DECENTRAL W ATER SYSTEM
Electrical instantaneous water heater, one tap and 6 meters of pipe per unit.

HVAC SYSTEMS – EXHAUST AIR SYSTEM

5.1
Specific fan power: PSFP = 1.0 kW/(m3/s)
5.2 HVAC SYSTEMS – SUPPLY AND EXHAUST AIR SYSTEM W ITH-
OUT RE-HEAT AND COOLING FUNCTION
Specific fan power:
supply-air fan: PSFP = 1.5 kW/(m3/s)
exhaust-air fan: PSFP = 1.0 kW/(m3/s)
Extra adjustments according to DIN EN 13799, Section 6.5.2 can only be taken into account
if the following components are available: HEPA-filter, gas filter or heat recovery systems class
H1 or H2.
Heat recovery via heat plate exchangers (cross-counter flow) with:
recovered heat coefficient: ηt = 0.6
pressure ratio: fP = 0.4
air duct routing inside the building
5.3 HVAC SYSTEMS – SUPPLY AND EXHAUST AIR SYSTEM W ITH
CONTROLLED AIR CONDITIONING
Specific fan power:
supply-air fan: PSFP = 1.5 kW/(m3/s)
exhaust-air fan: PSFP = 1.0 kW/(m3/s)
Extra adjustments according to DIN EN 13799, Section 6.5.2 can only be taken into account if
the following components are available: HEPA-filter, gas filter or heat recovery systems class
H1 or H2.
Heat recovery via heat plate exchangers (cross-counter flow) with:
recovered heat coefficient: ηt = 0.6
supply-air temperature: 18 °C
5.4 HVAC SYSTEMS – AIR HUMIDIFYING SYST EM
For calculating the reference building the humidifying unit must be assumed in the same way as
for the actual building.
5.5 HVAC SYSTEMS – PURE AIR CONDITIONING
In case of installation of a variable air volume system:
6 ROOM COOLING
Cooling system:
Chilled water fan-coil, parapet unit
Cold water temperature: 14/18 °C

Chilled water circuit room cooling:

Overflow: 10%
Specific electric power of distribution: P d,spez = 30 W el/kW cooling
Hydraulic aligned, controlled pump, pump hydraulic decoupled, seasonal and night/weekend
switch off
7 COOLING GENERATING SYSTEM
Generator:
Piston/scroll compressor multi-level shiftable, R134a, air cooled
Chilled water temperature:

If NFA cooled via room cooling > 5,000 m2 system temperature for this area: 14/18 °C
Otherwise: 6/12 °C
Chilled water circuit generator inclusive HVAC cooling:

Overflow: 30%
Specific electric power of distribution: P d,spez = 20 W el/kW cooling
Hydraulic aligned, uncontrolled pump, pump hydraulic decoupled, seasonal and night/weekend
switch off
Distribution outside the conditioned zone
4. Reference Building – Demand for Thermal Zoning
Thermal zoning must be carried out for zones which differ from:
 physical properties within building envelope

 room temperatures
 mechanical air flow rate

APPENDIX 5
1. Energy modelling of HVAC, lighting systems and energy supply systems – Zone energy demand
Keys to symbols in table:

1 = Ideal energy calculation is defined as without limitation of heating/cooling load, 100% convective power, room climate system without thermal dynamic behaviour
2 = Effort numbers depend on several properties of designed zones, see VDI 2067/20 (heating systems) and Driver (cooling systems). The numbers given in the table can
be taken for general modelling, alternatively exact numbers can be calculated as given in VDI 2067/20 and Driver.
3 = Radiation to convection ratio for individual heating or cooling system given in percentage.
NO. SCOPE OF CALCULATION ALTERNATIVE 1: ALTERNATIVE ALTERNATIVE 2: COMMENT REFER-

IDEAL ENERGY 1: EFFORT MATHEMATICAL ENCE
CALCULATION NUMBER MODELING OF ROOM
FOR THERMAL E 1,T H ,H EAT FOR CLIMATE SYSTEM
1
ZONE ROOM CLIMATE INCLUDING CONTROL
2
SYSTEM
1 HEATING
1 1 1 Radiator Uncontrolled with central Tested Soft- 1.28 Thermal dynamic Rad/Con3 DIN V
flow temperature ware modelling of indi- ratio: 60/40 18599-
1 1 2 Master room 1.20 vidual room cli- Rad/Con3 5, Ta-
mate system ratio: 60/40 bles 6,
1 1 3 P-Controller (2K) 1.15 including control Rad/Con3 7, 9
characteristic of ratio: 60/40
1 1 4 P-Controller (1K) 1.13 the controller Rad/Con3
ratio: 60/40
1 1 5 PI-Controller 1.11 Rad/Con3
ratio: 60/40
1 1 6 PI-Controller (e.g. motion 1.11 Rad/Con3
sensor, adaptive control- ratio: 60/40
ler)
1 2 1 Convector Uncontrolled with central 1.28 Rad/Con
flow temperature ratio: 15/85

1 2 2 Master room 1.20 Rad/Con

ratio: 15/85
1 2 3 P-Controller (2K) 1.15 Rad/Con
ratio: 15/85
1 2 4 P-Controller (1K) 1.13 Rad/Con
ratio: 15/85
1 2 5 PI-Controller 1.11 Rad/Con
ratio: 15/85
1 2 6 PI-Controller (for example: 1.11 Rad/Con
motion sensor, adaptive ratio: 15/85
controller)
1 3 1 Floor heating (wet system) Uncontrolled 1.29 Rad/Con
ratio: 85/15
1 3 2 Uncontrolled with central 1.26 Rad/Con
1 3 3 Uncontrolled with averag- 1.21 Rad/Con
ing values ratio: 85/15
ratio: 85/15
1 3 5 Two-step controller / P- 1.11 Rad/Con
Controller ratio: 85/15
ratio: 85/15
1 4 1 Floor heating (try system) Uncontrolled 1.27 Rad/Con
ratio: 85/15
ratio: 85/15


ratio: 85/15
1 5 1 Slab activation Uncontrolled 1.29 Rad/Con
ratio: 90/10
ratio:90/10
ratio: 90/10
1 6 1 Heating panel (ceiling) Uncontrolled 1.36 Rad/Con
ratio: 80/20
ratio: 80/20
ratio: 80/20
1 7 1 Wall heating Uncontrolled 1.33 Rad/Con
ratio: 70/30
ratio:70/30


ratio: 70/30
1 8 1 Hot air heating (fan coil unit, fan con- Low control grade / accu- 1.12 Rad/Con
vector) racy ratio: 10/90
1 8 2 High control grade / accu- 1.08 Rad/Con
racy ratio: 10/90
2 COOLING
2 1 1 Fan Coil Unit (FCU), Convector with 6/12 Tested Soft- 1.13 Thermal dynamic DIN V
fan ware modelling of indi- 18599-
2 1 2 8/14 1.10 vidual room cli- 7-02,
2 1 3 14/18 1.00 mate system Tables
2 2 1 Passive beams 14/18 1.00 including control 7, 8
characteristic of
2 3 1 Active beams 8/14 1.10
the controller
2 3 2 14/18 1.00
2 4 1 Floor cooling 18/20 1.00
2 5 1 Slab activation 18/20 1.00
2 6 1 Cooling panel (ceiling) 16/18 1.00
2 7 1 Wall cooling 18/20 1.00
2 8 1 Air cooler HVAC 6/12 No humidity control 1.23
2 8 2 Humidity control with toler- 1.16
ance
2 8 3 Humidity control without 1.10
tolerance
ance
tolerance
ance


tolerance
2 11 1 Air cooler HVAC direct evaporator No humidity control 1.23
ance
tolerance
3 VENTILATION, AIR-CONDITIONING
3 1 1 Ventilation system without air- Thermal dynamic
conditioning modelling of
3 2 1 Ventilation system with sensible heat- thermodynamic
ing and cooling processes (heat-
3 3 1 Air-conditioning (CAV, VAV) ing, cooling, hu-
midifying, de-
humidifying, heat
recovery, variable
pressure drop
dependent on
volume flow)
4 LIGHTING
ADVANCED MODEL
SIMPLE MODEL FOR LIGHTING EN- FOR LIGHTING ENER-
ERGY CALCULATION GY CALCULATION
EL LI G HT , ZO NE EL LI GHT , ZO NE
4 1 1 Lighting Energy demand per Lighting Energy
Zone demand per Zone
= =
Operation time Operation time
x installed lighting power x installed lighting
[W/m2] power [W/m2]
x UseFact x UseFact
x ConFact x ConFact
x DaylFact x Daylight Model-
ling (according to
VDI 6007/3 or to
local standards)

2. Energy modelling of HVAC, lighting systems and energy supply systems – Effort numbers for heating and chilled water distri-
bution
NO. ELECTRICAL AUXILIARY ENERGY DEMAND FOR DISTRIBUTION OF HEATING EL HE AT , DI S, AUX AND COOLING C C OOL , DIS , AUX
1 CONTROLLED CIRCULATI NG PUMP TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE EL D IS , AU X

BETW EEN FLOW AND RETURN [K] [W ] RESPECTIVELY [W H/H]
1 1 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 20 0.062 Energy Modelling (e.g. reference to
1 1 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 20 0.039 DIN V 4701-10 for Germany)
1 1 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 20 0.036
1 2 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 15 0.074
1 2 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 15 0.048
1 2 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 15 0.045
1 3 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 10 0.093
1 3 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 10 0.067
1 3 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 10 0.064
1 4 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 7 0.164
1 4 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 7 0.119
1 4 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 7 0.113
1 5 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 4 0.236
1 5 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 4 0.170
1 5 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 4 0.162
1 6 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 2 0.283
1 6 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 2 0.204
1 6 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 2 0.194
1 UNCONTROLLED CIRCULATING PUMP TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE EL D IS , AU X

BETW EEN FLOW AND RETURN [K] [W ] RESPECTIVELY [W H/H]
1 7 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 20 0.087
1 7 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 20 0.054
1 7 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 20 0.050
1 8 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 15 0.103
1 8 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 15 0.068

1 8 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 15 0.063

1 9 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 10 0.130
1 9 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 10 0.094
1 9 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 10 0.090
1 10 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 7 0.230
1 10 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 7 0.166
1 10 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 7 0.158
1 11 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 4 0.330
1 11 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 4 0.238
1 11 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 4 0.227
1 12 1 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 2 0.397
1 12 2 for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 2 0.286
1 12 3 for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 2 0.272
2 THERMAL AUXILIARY EN ERGY DEMAND FOR DIST RIBUTION OF HEATING H DI S ,H EAT , L OS S AND COOLING C D IS ,C OO L, L OSS
H DI S ,H EAT , L O S S
Energy Saving Ordinance (e.g. EnEV
2 1 1 Heating pipework 90/70 10.8 for Germany)
2 1 2 70/55 7.6
2 1 3 55/45 5.4
2 1 4 35/28 2.0
2 C DI S ,C O O L , L OS S
2 2 1 Cooling pipework 6/12 2.2

2 2 2 14/18 0.8
2 2 3 18/20 0.2

3. Energy modelling of HVAC, lighting systems and energy supply systems – Effort numbers for heating and chilled water gener-
ation
Heating generation / Effort numbers for boilers
NO. HEAT ING GENERAT ION / EFFORT NUMBERS E 3 ,T H, HE AT FOR BOILERS
1 E 3,T H, HE AT [-]
1 1 1
Constant temperature boiler for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 1.2 Energy Modelling (e.g. reference to DIN V
for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 1.17 4701-10 for Germany)
1 1 2
for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 1.13
1 2 1
Low temperature boiler for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 1.10
for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 1.09
1 2 2
for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 1.08
1 3
Considering boiler
1 3 1
70/55 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 1.05
for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 1.04
1 3 2
for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 1.03
1 3 3
55/45 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 1.02
for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 1.02
1 3 4
for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 1.01
1 3 5
35/28 for ≤ 1,000 m² NFA 0.99
for 1,000 m² < NFA < 10,000 m² 0.99
1 3 6
for ≥ 1,000 m² NFA 0.98
2 HEATING GENERATION / SPC (SEASONAL PERFORMANCE COEFFICIENT) FOR ELECTIRCAL HEAT PUMPS
SPC [-]
2 1 1
water/water 55/45 Energy Modelling (e.g. reference to DIN V
2 1 2
35/28 4701-10 for Germany)
2 2 1
soil/water 55/45
2 2 2
35/28

2 3 1
air/water 55/45
2 3 2
35/28
2 4 1
exhaust air/water 55/45
2 4 2
35/28
3 HEATING GENERATION / EFFORT NUMBERS E 3 ,T H ,H EAT FOR DISTRICT HEATING
E 3,T H ,H EAT [-]

3 1 1
All heating circuit temperatures LCA database (e.g. ESUCO) 1.01 Energy Modelling (e.g. reference to DIN V
4701-10 for Germany)
Chilled water generation / ESEER (European Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) for compression chillers
To calculate the electrical and energy demand for cooling generation, the ESEER value needs to be defined. The ESEER regards part load values of chillers from 25 % to
100 % by evaluating EER (known as COP) of the chillers in accordance to different re-cooling temperatures. The evaluation depends on the periodicity of the weather per
year which leads to the different part loads and simultaneous to the four appearing re-cooling temperatures. Therefore the following table has to be used:
LOAD OF NET COOLING POW ER RE-COOLING AIR TEMPERATURE RE-COOLING W ATER TEMPERATURE EVALUATION
[%] [°C] [°C] [%]
100 35 30 3
75 30 26 33
50 25 22 41
25 20 18 23
The EER values have to be requested from the manufacturers of the chiller. With these values the ESEER value can be defined as follows
ESEER = (3 ∙ EER100% + 33 ∙ EER75% + 41 ∙ EER50% + 23 ∙ EER25%) / 100
The advantage of this method is to get an averaged and evaluated performance coefficient to calculate the electrical end energy demand.
On the following link ESEER values of already certified chillers can be taken into account: http://www.eurovent-certification.com/

Chilled water generation / Nominal heat coefficient for one level absorption chillers
H 2 O/LIBR – ONE LEVEL ABSORPTION CHILLERS
HEATING GENERATION T EMPERATURE

COOLING W ATER TEMPERATURE CHILLED W ATER FLOW TEMPERATURE NOMINAL HEAT COEFFICIENT Ζ OR E 3,T H, COO L
[°C]
[°C] [°C] [-]
80/70 27/33 6 -
14 0.71
40/45 6 -
14 -
90/75 27/33 6 0.69
14 0.72
40/45 6 -
14 -
110/95 27/33 6 0.70
14 0.72
40/45 6 -
14 0.71
130/110 27/33 6 0.71
14 0.73
40/45 6 0.70
14 0.72
Chilled water generation / Nominal heat coefficient for direct gas fired absorption chillers
DIRECT GAS FIRED ABSORPTION CHILLERS NOMINAL HEAT COEFFICIENT Ζ OR E 3,T H, COO L
[-]
Nominal level NH3/water 0.6

Water/LiBr double effect 1.3

Chilled water generation / Electrical energy demand for cooling towers
TYPE EVAPORATIVE COOLING TOW ERS (INCLUSIVELY SPRAY W ATER PUMPS) EVALUATION
RE-COOLING W ATER TEMPER ATURE [°C] [%]
CLOSED CIRCUIT (HYBRID COOLING TOW ERS) OPEN CIRCUIT DRY COOLING TOW ERS
EL CO O L, RE [KW EL /KW RE-COO L ]
without extra silencer (axial-flow fan) 0.033 0.018 0.0945

with extra silencer (radial-flow fan) 0.040 0.021 -
Chilled water generation / Electrical energy demand for geothermal free-cooling
GEOTHERMAL COOLING SPECIFIC ELECTRICAL DEMAND
EL CO O L, FR EE [KW EL /KW FRE E-C O O L ]
Cooling via earth probes 0.05

Additional information to reference EER values of different kind of chillers
Chilled water generation / Energy efficiency ratio for water cooled compression chillers
REFRIGERANT COOLING CHILLED AVERAGE ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO FOR COOLING EER EFFORT NUMBER E3 [-]
WATER TEM- WATER FLOW VAPORISATION

PISTON/SCROLL SCREW COM- CENTRIFUGAL PISTON/SCROLL SCREW COM- CENTRIFUGAL COM-
PERATURE TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE
COMPRESSOR 10 PRESSOR 200 KW COMPRESSOR 500 COMPRESSOR 10 PRESSOR 200 KW PRESSOR 500 KW TO
[°C] [°C] [°C]
KW TO 1,500 KW TO 2,000 KW KW TO 8,000 KW KW TO 1,500 KW TO 2,000 KW 8,000 KW
R134a 27/33 6 0 4.0 4.5 5.2 0.25 0.22 0.19

14 8 4.6 5.3 5.9 0.22 0.19 0.17
40/45 6 0 3.1 2.9 4.1 0.32 0.34 0.24
14 8 3.7 3.7 4.8 0.27 0.27 0.21
R407C 27/33 6 0 3.8 4.2 - 0.26 0.24 -
14 8 4.4 4.9 - 0.23 0.20 -
40/45 6 0 3.0 2.7 - 0.33 0.37 -
14 8 3.6 3.3 - 0.28 0.30 -
R410A 27/33 6 0 3.6 - - 0.28 - -
14 8 4.2 - - 0.24 - -
40/45 6 0 2.8 - - 0.36 - -
14 8 3.3 - - 0.30 - -
R717 27/33 6 0 - 4.6 - - 0.22 -
14 8 - 5.4 - - 0.19 -
40/45 6 0 - 3.1 - - 0.32 -
14 8 - 3.7 - - 0.27 -
R22 27/33 6 0 4.1 4.6 5.1 0.24 0.22 0.20
14 8 4.8 5.4 5.7 0.21 0.19 0.18
40/45 6 0 3.2 3.0 4.1 0.31 0.33 0.24
14 8 3.8 3.6 4.7 0.26 0.28 0.21

Chilled water generation / Energy efficiency ratio for air cooled compression chillers
REFRIGERANT CHILLED W ATER FLOW AVERAGE VAPORISA- ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO FOR COOLING EER EFFORT NUMBER E3
TEMPERATURE TION TEMPERATURE [-]
[°C] [°C] PISTON/SCROLL COM- SCREW COMPRESSOR 200 KW TO 2,000 KW PISTON/SCROLL CO M- SCREW COMPRESSOR
PRESSOR 10 KW TO 1,500 PRESSOR 10 KW TO 1,500 200 KW TO 2,000 KW
KW KW
R134a 6 0 2.8 3.0 0.36 0.33

14 8 3.5 3.7 0.29 0.27
R407C 6 0 2.5 2.7 0.40 0.37
14 8 3.2 3.4 0.31 0.29
R410A 6 0 2.4 - 0.42 -
14 8 3.1 - 0.32 -
R717 6 0 - 3.2 - 0.31
14 8 - 3.9 - 0.26
R22 6 0 2.9 3.1 0.34 0.32
14 8 3.6 3.8 0.28 0.26
Chilled water generation / Energy efficiency ratio for room climate system < 12 kW, air cooled
SYSTEM ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO FOR COOLING EER PART LOAD CONTROL EFFORT NUMBER E3
[-]
Compact climate system 2.6 on/off 0.38
Split system 2.7 on/off 0.37

variable speed drive
Multi-split system 2.9 on/off 0.34
variable speed drive

Chilled water generation / Energy efficiency ratio for room climate system > 12 kW, air cooled
SYSTEM ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO PART LOAD CONTROL EFFORT NUMBER E3
FOR COOLING EER [-]
VRF-system with variable refrigerant 3.5 at least one parallel compressor, variable speed drive 0.29
mass flow
Chilled water generation / Nominal heat coefficient for one level absorption chillers
H 2 O/LIBR – ONE LEVEL ABSORPTION CHILLERS
HEATING GENERATION T EMPERATURE COOLING W ATER TEMPERATURE CHILLED W ATER FLOW TEMPERATURE NOMINAL HEAT COEFFICIENT Ζ EFFORT NUMBER E3
[°C] [°C] [°C] [-] [-]
80/70 27/33 6 - -
14 0.71 0.71
40/45 6 - -
14 - -
90/75 27/33 6 0.69 0.69
14 0.72 0.72
40/45 6 - -
14 - -
110/95 27/33 6 0.70 0.70
14 0.72 0.72
40/45 6 - -
14 0.71 0.71
130/110 27/33 6 0.71 0.71
14 0.73 0.73
40/45 6 0.70 0.70
14 0.72

Chilled water generation / Nominal heat coefficient for direct gas fired absorption chillers
DIRECT GAS FIRED NOMINAL HEAT COEFFICIENT Ζ EFFORT NUMBER E3

[-] [-]
One level NH3/water 0.6 0.6
Water/LiBr double effect 1.3 1.3
Chilled water generation / Electrical energy demand for cooling towers
TYPE EVAPORATIVE COOLING TOW ERS (INCLUSIVELY SPRAY W ATER PUMPS) EVALUATION
[°C] [%]
CLOSED CIRCUIT (HYBRID COOLING TOW ERS) OPEN CIRCUIT DRY COOLING TOW ERS
Q R, E L [KW /KW]
without extra silencer (axial-flow fan) 0.033 0.018 0.0945

with extra silencer (radial-flow fan) 0.040 0.021 -
Chilled water generation / Considered end energy
INDIRECT SYSTEM COMPRESSION CHILLERS ABSORPTION CHILLERS
WATER CHILLED AIR CHILLED WATER CHILLED
EVAPORATIVE DRY COOLER COMPACT EVAPORATIVE COOLER DRY COOLER
COOLER
Chillers electrical electrical energy electrical energy thermal energy thermal energy
energy
Re-cooler electrical electrical energy - electrical energy electrical energy
energy

4. Calculation of end energy for HVAC, lighting systems and energy supply systems
Equations for calculation of the end energy demand for heating and electricity during operation per year:
End energy demand for heating

H = Hheat,gen
whereby
Hheat,gen is the total end energy demand for heating in [kWh/m2a]
End energy demand for electricity

El = Eltot
whereby
Eltot is the total electrical end energy demand for heating, cooling, ventilation, air-conditioning and lighting in [kWh/m2a]
STEP 1: Zone Energy Demand
ALTERNATIVE 1: Ideal energy calculation for thermal zone
Heating:
Hzone = Hzone,ideal ∙ e1,th,heat
whereby
Hzone Thermal heating energy demand per zone in [kWh/m2a]

Hzone,ideal Ideal thermal heating energy demand per zone in [kWh/m2a]

e1,th,heat Effort number for heating system in [-]
Domestic hot water:
Hzone,dhw Thermal heating energy demand for domestic hot water per zone in [kWh/m2a]
Cooling:
Thermal Czone = Czone,ideal ∙ e1,th,cool
whereby
Czone Thermal cooling energy demand per zone in [kWh/m2a]

Czone,ideal Ideal thermal cooling energy demand per zone in [kWh/m2a]
e1,th,cool Effort number for cooling system in [-]
Ventilation/air-conditioning (HVAC):
See ALTERNATIVE 2
Lighting:
Ellight,zone = Time ∙ Lel ∙ UseFact ∙ ConFact ∙ DaylFact
whereby
Ellight,zone Electrical lighting energy demand per zone in [kWh/m2a]

Time Usage time per zone in [h/a]

Lel Specific power rating of lighting per zone in [W/m2]
UseFact Factor considering relative absence per zone in [-]
Con Fact Factor considering motion sensors per zone in [-]
Dayl Fact Factor considering daylight use per zone in [-]
ALTERNATIVE 2: Mathematical modeling
Heating:
Hzone = Hzone,math
whereby

Hzone,math Simulated thermal heating energy demand per zone in [kWh/m2a]
with thermal dynamic modelling of individual room climate system including control characteristic of the controller
Cooling:
Thermal Czone = Czone,math
whereby

Czone,math Simulated thermal cooling energy demand per zone in [kWh/m2a]
with thermal dynamic modelling of individual room climate system including control characteristic of the controller

Ventilation / air-conditioning (HVAC):

Hven = Hven,math
whereby
Hven Thermal heating energy demand for air-conditioning of building zones in [kWh/m2a]
Hven,math Simulated thermal heating energy demand for air-conditioning of building zones in [kWh/m2a]
with thermal dynamic modelling of thermodynamic processes (heating, cooling, humidifying, de-humidifying, heat recovery,
variable pressure drop dependent on volume flow)
Cooling Cven = Cven,math
whereby
Cven Thermal cooling energy demand for air-conditioning of building zones in [kWh/m2a]
Cven,math Simulated thermal cooling energy demand for air-conditioning of building zones in [kWh/m2a]
Electrical (fan) Elven = Elven,math
whereby
Elven Electrical energy demand for ventilation of building zones in [kWh/m2a]

Elven,math Simulated Electrical energy demand for ventilation of building zones in [kWh/m2a]

Lighting:
Ellight,zone = Time ∙ Lel ∙ UseFact ∙ ConFact ∙ Daylmath
whereby

Time Usage time per zone in [h/a]
Lel Specific power rating of lighting per zone in [W/m2]
UseFact Factor considering relative absence per zone in [-]
Con Fact Factor considering motion sensors per zone in [-]
Dayl math Factor considering detailed daylight use per zone in [-] with shading and CIE daylight data
STEP 2: Distribution
Heating:
Hdis = ∑
Hdis,heat,loss =
whereby
Hdis Thermal heating energy demand for distribution in [kWh/m2a]

Hdis,heat,loss Thermal heating energy demand for distribution heating loss of the building in [kWh/m2a]
n Number of zones
hdis,heat,loss Specific heat loss of pipework in [W/m]
Time Operating time of heating in [h/a]
lpipework Single length of pipework in [m]
NFA Net floor area [m2]

Cooling:
Cdis = ∑
Cdis,cool,loss =
whereby
Cdis Thermal cooling energy demand for distribution in [kWh/m2a]

Cdis,cool,loss Thermal cooling energy demand for distribution cooling loss of the building in [kWh/m2a]
n Number of zones
hdis,cool,loss Specific cooling loss of pipework in [W/m]
Time Operating time of cooling in [h/a]
lpipework Single length of pipework in [m]
NFA Net floor area [m2]
Ventilation / air-conditioning (HVAC):

Heating Hven,dis = Hven
whereby
Hven,dis Heating energy demand for air distribution in [kWh/m2a]
Thermal, cooling Cven,dis = Cven

whereby
Cven,dis Cooling energy demand for air distribution in [kWh/m2a]

Electrical (fan) Elven,dis = Elven
whereby
Elven,dis Electrical energy demand for air distribution in [kWh/m2a]
Lighting:
Ellight = ∑
whereby
Ellight Electrical lighting energy demand of the building in [kWh/m2a]

n Number of zones
STEP 3: Generation
Heating:
Hheat,gen = (Hdis + Hven,dis + Hcool,gen) ∙ e3,th,heat
whereby
Hheat,gen Total thermal heating energy demand of the building in [kWh/m2a]

Hdis Thermal heating energy demand for distribution in [kWh/m2a]
Hven,dis Thermal heating energy demand for HVAC distribution in [kWh/m2a]
Hcool,gen Thermal heating energy demand for absorption cooling generation in [kWh/m2a]
e3,th,heat Effort number for heating generation in [-]

Elheat,gen =
SPC =
whereby
Elheat,gen Electrical energy demand for heating pump operation in [kWh/m2a]

SPC Seasonal performance coefficient (averaged COP – coefficient of performance – including part load operation during year) in [kWh/m2a]
Cooling:
Absorber Hcool,gen = (Cdis + Cven,dis + Ccool,gen) ∙ e3,th,heat
whereby
Cdis Thermal cooling energy demand for distribution in [kWh/m2a]
Cven,dis Thermal cooling energy demand for HVAC distribution in [kWh/m2a]
e3,th,heat Effort number for absorption cooling generation in [-]
Re-cooling (Absorber) Elcool,gen,re = (Hcool,gen + Cdis + Cven,dis) ∙ elcool,re
whereby
elcool,re Specific electrical energy demand for re-cooling in [kW el/kWre-cool]

Compressor Elcool,gen,comp =
whereby
Elcool,gen,comp Electrical energy demand for compression chillers in [kWh/m2a]

ESEER European Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio in [-]
Re-cooling (Compressor) Elcool,gen,re = (Elcool,gen,comp + Cdis + Cven,dis) ∙ elcool,re
whereby
Elcool,gen,re Electrical energy demand for re-cooling in [kWh/m2a]

elcool,re Specific electrical energy demand for re-cooling in [kW el/kWre-cool]
Geothermal free-cooling Elcool,free = (Cdis + Cven,dis) ∙ elcool,free
whereby
Elcool,free Electrical energy demand for geothermal free-cooling in [kWh/m2a]

elcool,free Specific electrical energy demand for geothermal free-cooling in [kW el/kWre-cool]
Electricity cooling Elcool,gen = Elcool,gen,comp + Elcool,gen,re
whereby
Elcool,gen Electrical energy demand for cooling generation in [kWh/m2a]

Elcool,gen,comp Electrical energy demand for compression chillers in [kWh/m2a]

Elcool,gen,re Electrical energy demand for re-cooling in [kWh/m2a]
Total electricity Eltot = Elheat,dis,aux + Elcool,dis,aux + Elcool,gen + Elven,dis + Ellight
whereby
Eltot Total electrical energy demand of the building in [kWh/m2a]

Elheat,dis,aux Auxiliary electrical energy demand for heating in [kWh/m2a]
Elcool,dis,aux Auxiliary electrical energy demand for cooling in [kWh/m2a]
Elcool,gen Electricity cooling in [kWh/m2a]
Elven,dis Electrical energy demand for air distribution in [kWh/m2a]
Ellight Electrical lighting energy demand in [kWh/m2a]

APPENDIX 6
System boundaries of LCA in the DGNB System
Key to symbols in table:

x = taken into account
(x) = partially taken into account (see comment for specifics)
= not taken into account
= not relevant
A 1-3 A 4-5 B 1-7 C 1-4 D

PRODUCT PHASE CONSTRUCTION USE STAGE END-OF-LIFE NEXT PRODUCT
PRODUCT STAGE SYSTEM
DECONSTRUCTION / DEMOLITION
TRANSPORT TO MANUFACTURER
TRANSPORT TO BUILDING SITE
INSTALLATION INTO BUILDING
REUSE, RECOVERY OR RECY-

TRANSPORT TO END OF LIFE
OPERATIONAL ENERGY USE
OPERATIONAL WATER USE

RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY
WASTE PROCESSING
USE / APPLICATION
CLING POTENTIAL
MANUFACTURING
REFURBISHMENT
REPLACEMENT
MAINTENANCE
DISPOSAL
REPAIR
System Boundaries included in the LCA
of the construction A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
Structure - structural designs
Excavation
Excavation
Shoring works

Water control
Excavation, other
Foundation
Subsoil improvement x x x x x x
Surface foundations x x x x x x
Deep foundations x x x x x x
Subsoil and base plates x x x (x)1 x x x
2 1
Flooring x x x (x) (x) x x x
Water proofing of building x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Drainage x x x (x) x x x
Foundation, other x x x (x)1 x x x
External walls
Load bearing external walls x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Non-load bearing external walls x x x (x) x x x
External supports x x x (x)1 x x x
2 1
External doors and windows x x x (x) (x) x x x
2 1
External wall cladding, external x x x (x) (x) x x x
External wall cladding, internal x x x (x)2 (x)1 x x x
1
Unitised external walls x x x (x) x x x
Sun protection x x x (x)1 x x x
1
External walls, other x x x (x) x x x
Internal walls
Load bearing internal walls x x x (x)1 x x x
Non-load nearing internal walls x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Internal supports x x x (x) x x x
Internal doors and windows x x x (x)2 (x)1 x x x
2 1
Internal wall cladding x x x (x) (x) x x x
Unitised internal walls x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Internal walls, other x x x (x) x x x

Ceilings
Ceiling structures x x x (x)1 x x x
Ceiling coverings x x x (x)2 (x)1 x x x
2 1
Ceiling cladding x x x (x) (x) x x x
Ceilings, other x x x (x)1 x x x
Roofs
Roof constructions x x x (x)1 x x x
2 1
Roof windows, roof openings x x x (x) (x) x x x
Roof membranes x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Roof cladding x x x (x) x x x
Roofs, other x x x (x)1 x x x
Structural construction installations
General installations x x x (x)1 x x x
Special installations x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Structural construction installations, other x x x (x) x x x
Other provisions for structural design
Building site facilities
Scaffolding
Safeguarding measures
Demolition measures
Repair
Disposal of materials
Additional measures
Provisional arrangements
Other provisions for structural design, other
Building and technical installations
Waste water, water, gas facilities
Waste water facilities x x x (x)1 (x)3 x x x
Water installations x x x (x)1 (x)3 x x x

Gas-fired installations x x x (x)1 x x x x

Waste water, water, gas facilities, other x x x (x)1 x x x
Heat supply facilities
Heat generation plants x x x (x)1 x x x x
Heat distribution grid x x x (x)1 x x x x
1
Room heating radiators x x x (x) x x x
Heat supply facilities, other x x x (x)1 x x x
Air conditioning systems
Ventilation systems x x x (x)1 x x x x
1
Partial air conditioning systems x x x (x) x x x x
Air conditioning systems x x x (x)1 x x x x
1
Cooling systems x x x (x) x x x x
Air conditioning systems, other x x x (x)1 x x x
Electrical power installations
High and medium voltage installations x x x (x)1 x x x x
4 4 4 1
Own power supply system (x) (x) (x) (x) x x x x
1
Low voltage switch gears x x x (x) x x x x
1 5
Low voltage installation systems x x x (x) (x) x x x
1
Lighting systems x x x (x) x x x x
1
Lightning protection and earthing systems x x x (x) x x x
Electrical power installations, other x x x (x)1 x x x
Communication and information technol-
ogy systems
Telecommunication systems x x x (x)1 x x x
Search and signal systems x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Time service systems x x x (x) x x x
Electro-acoustic systems x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Television and aerial systems x x x (x) x x x
Hazard and alarm systems x x x (x)1 x x x

Transmission network x x x (x)1 x x x

Communication and information technology
x x x (x)1 x x x
systems, other
Conveyor belts
Lift systems x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Escalators, moving walkways x x x (x) x x x
Access systems x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Transport systems x x x (x) x x x
Crane systems x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Conveyors, other x x x (x) x x x
Usage specific systems
Kitchen facilities x x x (x)1 x x x
Laundry and cleaning facilities x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Media supply facilities x x x (x) x x x
Medicine and lab facilities x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Fire-extinguishing systems x x x (x) x x x
1
Bathing facilities x x x (x) x x x
Process systems for heating, cooling and
x x x (x)1 x x x
ventilation
Disposal facilities x x x (x)1 x x x
1
Usage specific systems, other x x x (x) x x x
Building automation
Automation systems x x x (x)1 (x)5 x x x
1 5
Control cabinets x x x (x) (x) x x x
Management and control facilities x x x (x)1 (x)5 x x x
1 5
Room automation systems x x x (x) (x) x x x
1 5
Transmission network x x x (x) (x) x x x
1 5
Building automation, other x x x (x) (x) x x x

Other provisions for technical systems

Building site facilities
Scaffolding
Safeguarding measures
Demolition measures
Repair
Disposal of materials
Additional measures
Provisional arrangements
Other provisions for technical systems, other
2) Maintenance processes are shown incompletely as water consumption in ENV2.2. Not included in ENV1.1 and ENV2.1
3) Water consumption of the building is shown in ENV2.2. Not included in ENV1.1 and ENV2.1
4) Photovoltaic installations are shown incompletely due to a lack of data.
5) The user current consumption is not recorded completely as this is not established completely in DIN V 18599-5.

System boundaries of LCA in the DGNB System
Key to symbols in table:

x = taken into account
(x) = partially taken into account (see comment for specifics)
= not taken into account
= not relevant
A 1-3 A 4-5 B 1-7 C 1-4 D

PRODUCT PHASE CONSTRUCTION USE STAGE END-OF-LIFE NEXT PRODUCT
PRODUCT STAGE SYSTEM


RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY

MANUFACTURING
MANUFACTURING
MANUFACTURING
System boundaries in the usage phase A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
Operating costs
Utilities
Water x
Oil x
Gas x
Solid fuel x
District heating x
Power x

Technical media
Utilities, other
Repair costs
Repair of the structural design
Foundation (x)1) (x)3) (x)2
External walls (x)1) (x)3) (x)2)
1) 3)
Internal walls (x) (x) (x)2)
Ceilings (x)1) (x)3) (x)2)
1 3
Roofs (x) (x) (x)2
Structural construction installations (x)1 (x)2
1
Repair of the structural design, other (x) (x)2
Repair of the technical equipment
Waste water, water, gas facilities (x)2) x
2)
Heat supply facilities (x) x
Air conditioning systems (x)2) x
2)
Electrical power installations (x) x
2
Communication and information systems (x)
Conveyor belts (x)2
Usage specific systems (x)2 x
Building automation (x)2
Repair of the technical equipment (x)2
Repair of the outdoor facilities
Grounds area
Paved areas
Structural design of the outdoor facilities
Technical equipment in the outdoor facili-
ties
Fixtures in the outdoor facilities
Repair of the outdoor facilities, other

Repair of the equipment

Equipment
Works of art
Repair of the equipment, other
1) Taken into account by other criterion such as e.g. interior hygiene. Not included in ENV1.1 and ENV2.1
3) Maintenance processes are shown incompletely as water consumption in ENV2.2. Not included in ENV1.1 and ENV2.1

APPENDIX 7
How to use the ESUCO database
Based on the German “Ökobau.dat” developed by PE INTERNATIONAL, the ESUCO database (European SUstainable COnstruction Database) is tailored to suit the
European market.
As a DGNB Consultant or Auditor, you can gain free access to ESUCO via the password-protected area of the DGNB website. Read the guidance note entitled „ESUCO
Short Description “for advice on how to downloaded and unzip the database.
Once unzipped, the folder contains the following files:
 ESUCO_International
 ESUCO
 processes
Note:
Please use Internet Explorer to open the datasets to ensure that the data is displayed correctly. The data cannot be viewed in other browsers.
The Life Cycle Assessment is completed by a process of linking the quantities captured in the Mass Balance to the data in the ESUCO database. The Mass Balance
should be as complete and comprehensive as possible.
We advise following the structure set out in APPENDIX 1 of Criterion ECO 1.1 in listing the items in the mass balance.
In linking the mass balance to the database, please ensure that you select the appropriate ESUCO dataset for each item and that you accurately calculate all of the life
cycle phases mentioned in the criterion (i.e. production, use, and end-of.-life). The dataset for each material includes all of the five environmental impact potentials which
must be listed individually in the final evaluation.
The DGNB system captures a standard life cycle of fifty years. This means that materials with a shorter life span must be factored in several times. For example, a material
with a life span of 10 years must be replaced five times. As a result the data for production and end-of-life must be factored in to the calculation five times.
Whereas the DGNB criterion uses kilowatt hours per square meter (kWh/m²), some ESUCO datasets are quoted in Mega joule MJ. Please include this data using the
conversion factor 1kWh = 3.6 MJ
Ideally, the ESUCO dataset should perfectly match the exact material for the relevant country in question. Where this is not possible, please select a plausible proxy (e.g. a

material or country which is comparable in terms of energy generation and demand) and provide an adequate explanation for the selection you have made.
For example, the dataset for manufacturer specific concrete is not included in ESUCO. In this case, the average dataset for the production of concrete in the EU can be
used in its place.
Please ensure you select the appropriate electricity generation mix for the country in question. The same principle applies to the heat source mix, however please note that
this is not provided in ESUCO and that you may need to conduct some additional research to identify and explain the appropriate heat source mix for the country in ques-
tion.
The evaluation method is explained in more detail in the criterion.

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DGNB CRITERION ENV2.

LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT – PRIMARY

CORE AND SCHEME SHEET

OBJECTIVES AND RELEVANCE

1. Non-renewable primary energy demand (PEnren),

1. Non-renewable primary energy demand (PEnren)

2. Total primary energy demand (PEtot)

3. Proportion of renewable primary energy

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

 Methodological basis of the building LCA

 General description of the method

 Use-specific description of the method

Methodological basis of the building life cycle assessment

Objective and scope

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

Describing the building (Functional equivalent)

Additional general rules:

 the use and end-of-life phases must be defined

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

LIFE PHASES A 1-3 A 4-5 B 1-7 C 1-4 D

Potential for reuse, reclamation

Energy consumption during

Water consumption during

DECLARED MODULES x x x (x)2 (x)1 x (x)3 x x x

Calculating the building model

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

Two principal methods are applied to conduct the assessment:

 Brazilian Sustainable Construction Database BRASUCO

Data quality and requirements for completeness of LCA data

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

Reporting and documenting results

The following rule applies to industrial buildings:

General description of the method

1. Non-renewable primary energy demand PEnren

PEnren = PEnren,C + PEnren,O (1)

PEnren non-renewable energy demand for the designed building in [kWh/(m2NFA)]

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

td the reference period for the building in years [a].

PEnren,O = PEnren,OEl + PEnren,OH (3)

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

RPEnren = PEnren,ref = PEnren,Cref + PEnren,Oref (4)

The reference value for construction PEnren,Cref is calculated as follows:

PEnren,Cref = (Pref + Eref ) / td + Rref (5)

td the reference study period for the building in years [a].

The reference value for use PEnren,Oref is calculated as follows:

PEnren,Oref = (PEnren,OElref + PEnren,OHref) (6)

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

2. Total primary energy demand PEtot

 the value for the PEnren demand is to be taken from indicator 1.

PEtot = PEnren + PEren + Sec (7)

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

RPEtot = PEtot,ref = PEtot,Cref + PEtot,Oref (8)

The reference value for construction PEtot,Cref is calculated as follows:

PEtot,Cref = (Pref + Eref ) / tD + Rref (9)

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

systems technology) of an average building in [kWh /(m2NFA*a)]

tD the reference study period for the building in [a].

The reference value for use PEtot,Oref is calculated as follows:

PEtot,Oref = (PEtot,OElref + PEtot,OHref) (10)

3. Proportion of renewable primary energy

Scheme specific description

 relevant statistical research for manufacture, maintenance, and end-of-life phases

© DGNB GmbH Offices Version 2014

CLP = SPPEnren * GPEnren + SPPEtot GPEtot + SPPEren/PEtot GPEren/PEtot