ED of the Smart Grid

The Economic dispatch shortened as ED is the short-term determination of the optimal output of
a number of electricity generation facilities, to meet the system load, at the lowest possible cost,

Subject to transmission and operational constraints.

The term is defined as:

"The operation of generation facilities to produce energy at the lowest cost to reliably serve
consumers, recognizing any operational limits of generation and transmission facilities”.

This includes the determination of the line losses as well as the total load requirements.

If the supplying utility is ignoring the line losses in their calculations it means while serving the
loads their supplied power will not be enough to meet the demand loads since a healthy amount
of power is lost during the transmission and the distribution phases.

This paper describes the smart grid economic dispatch (SGED) approach without considering the
network equality security constraints, "The grid," refers to the electric grid, a network of
transmission lines, substations, transformers and more that deliver electricity from the power
plant to your home or business. What makes it smart is the digital technology that allows for
two-way communication between the utility and its customers, and the sensing along the
transmission lines is what makes the grid smart. Like the Internet, the Smart Grid will consist of
controls, computers, automation, and new technologies and equipment working together, but in
this case, these technologies will work with the electrical grid to respond digitally to our quickly
changing electric demand.

The Smart Grid is not just about utilities and technologies; it is about giving you the information
and tools you need to make choices about your energy use.

By implementing this SGED we can have following advantages:

 Improved cost efficiency.

 Reliability
 Security
 Quality
The economic dispatch simply tells us the combination of the generators and the amount of load
they will share while generating the specific amount of power and remaining in the specified
limit with maximum cost efficiency and smooth operation.

The primary objective of the SGED is to reduce the generation cost without considering the
network equality security constraints,

The mathematical details are as follows:

It must be mentioned that to model the smart grid it is considered as battery constraint free
network.

Using above equations the network was monitored for the SGED for a whole day.

Economic dispatch was performed according to the ascending power production cost coefficients
“b” and we have arrived upon the following conclusions:

Smart grid has far more reduced generation cost than rest of the systems making it more suitable
for implementation than the rest of systems.

The results in the research paper show that if we implement a smart grid network it will prove
itself to be more handy in terms of the reducing the generation cost against the production of
same power generated by any other topology, hence it is more economic, reliable, secure,
efficient and friendly with the environment.