1. What is Mosfet ,Why we called it Mosfet ?

2. What are advantages of using mosfet over bjts ?

3. Draw the crossectional view of any mosfet ?explain layers .
4. Explain operation of Mosfet ? why it act as a switch and how ?
5. What is pmos and nmos explain ? difference , which one is fast among them ?
6. Cmos ? why ? explain cmos inverter operation and charateristics
7. Draw crossectional view of cmos inverter ?
8. Why are PMOS transistor networks generally used to produce high (i.e. 1) signals, while
NMOS networks are used to product low (0) signals?
9. On IC schematics, transistors are usually labeled with one, or sometimes two numbers.
What do each of those numbers mean?
10. Why is the number of gate inputs to CMOS gates (e.g. NAND or NOR gates) usually limited
to four?
11. What is meant by static and dynamic power with respect to the operation of a CMOS gate?
Why do CMOS gates dissipate close to zero static power? Why is the static power not
exactly zero?
12. What is a transmission gate, and what is it used for typically? Why are transmission gates
made with both PMOS and NMOS transistors?
13. In an IC layout, what is a polygon and what is a path? What are the advantages and
disadvantages of each?
14. Draw the stick diagram of basic logic gates
15. Why is it that NMOS transistors can be created directly in a P-type substrate, whereas PMOS
transistors must be created in an N-type well?
16. Why must transistors be provided with "bulk" connections? What voltage levels are
connected to a p-type substrate and an n-type well through these connections, and why?
17. What are process design rules? What is their major purpose? How are design rules created?
18. What are width rules, space rules, and overlap rules?
19. What are the major advantages of hierarchical IC design?
20. Define what is meant by the terms design rules checking, layout versus schematic, and
electrical rules check? Are all three procedures required in every chip design?
21. What is the purpose of end overlap rules?
22. Explain threshold voltage ? body effect ?
23. what is STD cells? How you will decide the height of STD cells?
 what is mean by Track
 What is mean by a pitch?
24. What are the advantages of standard cells ? any dis advantages ?
25. How do you choose height of the STD cells ?
26. What are the constraints you will fallow while doing STD cells
27. How will you take power routing in standard cells ?
28. What is ploy ? what is poly pitch ?
29. Which poly routing is minimized in your layout ?
30. what is the difference between 130nm and 45 nm ?