DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR UNDER GROUND WATER TANK

Name of work :- pkn 0.35 10.00 m 0.35

1 Tank size 10.00 x 5.00 x 3.50 m
2 Tank capacity 175000 ltr 0.25 m
3 Angle of repose 28 Degree Saturated soil unit wt 20.00 kN/m3

4 Conrete M 25 unit weight 25000 N/m3 10 mm f bars 12 mm f bars 200 mm

scbc 10 N/mm 2
m 11 120 mm c/c 12 mm f bars 100 mm
5 Steel fy 415 Tensile stress 130 N/mm 2
short span
0.25
6 Nominal Cover 45 mm Water unit wt 9.81 kN/m3 top roof
7 Thickness Walls 350 mm 0.35 m 20 mm f bars 5.00 m
Top roof 300 mm 30 cm 0.30 m 120 mm c/c 20 mm f bars -590 mm
Bottom slab 350 mm 0.35 m 8 mm f bars 110 mm
7 Reinforcement Wall 0.40 20 mm f bars 120 mm 0.40
Long out side vertical 20 mm F 150 mm c/c 1.00 m height
Out side vertical 20 mm F 300 mm c/c upto top 0.35
in side vertical 20 mm F 170 mm c/c 0.85 m height
in side vertical 20 mm F 340 mm c/c upto top Bottom slab steel detail
Distribution 10 mm F 190 mm c/c on each face
Short out side vertical 12 mm F 140 mm c/c 0.85 m height 0.35 12 mm f bars 140 mm c/c 0.35
Out side vertical 12 mm F 280 mm c/c upto top 10 mm f bars 190 mm c/c
in side vertical 12 mm F 210 mm c/c 1.17 m height 20 mm f bars 300 mm c/c
in side vertical 12 mm F 420 mm c/c upto top 2.33 m 12 mm f bars 210 mm c/c
Out side Horizontal 12 mm F 100 mm c/c 0.85 m height 12 mm f bars 420 mm c/c
Out side Horizontal 12 mm F 140 mm c/c upto top 20 mm f bars 340 mm c/c
In side Horizontal 12 mm F 130 mm c/c 0.85 m height 12 mm f bars 280 mm c/c
In side Horizontal 12 mm F 210 mm c/c upto top 12 mm f Bars 210 mm c/c
8 Roof 12 mm f bars 130 mm c/c
Main 12 mm F 100 mm c/c 1.17 m 20 mm f bars 170 mm c/c
Distribution 10 mm F 120 mm c/c 12 mm f bars 100 mm c/c
9 Base Main 20 mm F 120 mm c/c at the Bottom face 20 mm f bars 150 mm c/c
Main 20 mm F -590 mm c/c at the top face 12 mm f bars 140 mm c/c
Distribution 8 mm F 110 mm c/c
0.35

long wall steel deail Short wall steel detail

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in Drawing not to the scale
 DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR UNDER GROUND WATER TANK
Name of work :- pkn
Tank size 10.00 x 5.00 x 3.30 m
Tank capacity 165 #REF! 175000 mm
Angle of repose 28 Degree Saturated soil unit wt =
Conrete M 25 unit weight =
Steel fy 415 N/mm2 Tensile stess =
scbc 8.5 N/mm2 m =
Nominal cover 45 mm unit wt. of water =

###
Solution, general:- There are four components of design.
(I) Design of long wall (II) Design of short wall
(III) Design of roof slab (IV) Design of base slab
The design of walls will be done under two condition.
(a) Tank full with water, with no earth fill out side.
(b) Tank empty, with full earth pressure due to saturated earth fill.
The base slab will be designed for uplift pressure and the hole tank is to be tasted against floatation.
than 2 the long wall will be designed as cantilever. The bottom one metre ( >H /4) of short walls will be designed as cantil
will designed as slab supported by long walls .

### Design Constants:- For HYSD Bars Cocrete M = 25

sst = 130 N/mm2 wt. of concrete = 25000
scbc = 8.5 N/mm2 m = 11
m*c 11 x 8.5
k= = = 0.418
m*c+sst 11 x 8.5 + 130
j=1-k/3 = 1 - 0.418 / 3 = 0.861
R=1/2xc x j x k = 0.5 x 8.5 x 0.861 x 0.418 = 1.530

### Design of Long wall :-

(a) Tank empty with pressure satureted soil from outside.
Pa = KaY'H +YwH
1 - sin 28 1 - 0.4695 0.53053
Here, Ka = = = =
1 + sin 28 1 + 0.4695 1.46947
Y' = 20.00 - 9.81 = 10.19 kN/m3 =
Yw = 9.81 kN/m =
3
9810 N/m 3

\ Pa = 0.333 x 10190 x 3.30 + 9810 x 3.30 =

3.30 3.30
Maximum B.M. at the base of wall = 43582 x x = 67801.14
2 3.5
67801140
Required depth = = 211 mm
1.530 x 1000
Provide total depth 305 + 45 = 350 mm so that available d =
67801140
Ast = = 2020 mm2
130 x 0.861 x 300
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 314 / 2020 = 155
Hence Provided 20 mm F bar, @ 150 mm c/c on out side face, at bottom of long wall
Cutailment of reinfocrement. Since B.M. is proportional to h3, we have:
Asth h3 Asth 1/3
= = From which h = H x
Ast H3 Ast
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
If Asth =1/2. Ast (i.e.half the bars being curtailed). H= H(1/2)'1/3 = 3.30 x(
\ Height from the base = 3.30 - 2.6180017 = 0.68 m However as per code requireme
the bars are to be continued further for distance of 12 F = 12 x 20 =
whichever is more, beyond this point. Hence curtail half the bars at 0.68 +
Similarly, depth where only 0.25% reinforcement is requiredd is h=H(0.25)1/3=
\ Height from the base = 3.30 - 2.08 = 1.22 m However as per code requireme
the bars are to be continued further for distance of 12 F = 12 x 20 =
whichever is more, beyond this point. Hence curtail half the bars at 1.22 +
350 - 100
Minimum, % Reinforcement = 0.3 - 0.1 x =
450 - 100
350 x 1000
Min = 0.22857 x = 800 mm2
100
This is > Than 0.25 % of Ast at bottom . Hence above curtalment is not permiss
Hence the reinforcement will be provid as under,
(I) At base : 20 mm f bars @ 150 mm c/c
(II) At 1.00 m above base , up to top : 20 mm f bars @
Distribution steel :-
350 -
% of distribution steel = 0.3 - 0.1 x
450 -
350 x 1000
Astd = 0.229 x = 800 mm2, Area of each face
100
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 78.5
/ 400 = 196
Hence Provided 10 mm F bar, @ 190
mm c/c on Each face,
1000
x 78.5
having, Ast = 2x = 826
190
Direct compression in long walls:- The earth pressure acting on short walls will cause compression
in long walls, because top portion of shorts walls act as slab supported on long walls
At h = 3.30 / 4 = 0.825 or 1.00 m above the base of walls .
Pa=KaY' (H-h) + Yw (H-h) = 0.333 x 10190 x( 3.30 - 1.00 )+
This direct compression devloped on long walls and wall section.
5.00
PLC =Pa.x B/2 30375 x = 75938
2
This will be well taken by distribution steel and wall section
(b) Tank full with water and no earth fill out side.
P = Y x wh = 9810 x 3.30 = 32373 N/m2
HxH 3.30 x 3.30
M=p x = 32373 x = 58756.995
2x3 2 x 3
58756995
Ast = = 1751 mm2
130 x 0.861 x 300
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 314 / 1751 = 179
Hence Provided 20 mm F bar, @ 170 mm c/c at the in side face.
Curtailement of reinforcement:-
Asth h3 Asth 1/3
= = From which h = H x
Ast H 3 Ast
If Asth =1/2. Ast (i.e.half the bars being curtailed). H= H(1/2)'1/3 = 3.30 x(
\ Height from the base = 3.30 - 2.6180017 = 0.68 m However as per code requireme
 the bars are to be continued further for distance of 12 F = 12 x 20 =

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
whichever is more, beyond this point. Hence curtail half the bars at 0.68 +
Similarly, depth where only 0.25% reinforcement is requiredd is h=H(0.25)1/3=
\ Height from the base = 3.30 - 2.08 = 1.22 m However as per code requireme
the bars are to be continued further for distance of 12 F = 12 x 20 =
whichever is more, beyond this point. Hence curtail half the bars at 1.22 +
350 - 100
Minimum, % Reinforcement = 0.3 - 0.1 x =
450 - 100
350 x 1000
Min = 0.22857 x = 800 mm2
100
This is > Than 0.25 % of Ast at bottom . Hence above curtalment is not permiss
Hence the reinforcement will be provid as under,
(I) At base : 20 mm f bars @ 170 mm c/c
(II) At 1.00 m above base , up to top : 20 mm f bars @

Direct tensio on long wall:- Since the top portion of short wall act as slab supported on long walls,
the water pressure acting on short walls will cause in long walls.
B 5.00
PL= P x Where p= 9810 x = 24525 N/m2 at
2 2
5.00
\ PL = 24525 x = 61312.5 N, As required = 61312.5
2
Area of distribution steel provided in horizontal direction =
Hece distribution steel will take direct tension.
### Design of short walls :-
(a) Tank empty, with pressure of satureted soil from outside.
(I) Top Portion . The bottom 1.00 m act as cantilever, while the remaining
act as slab supported on long walls.
Pa = KaY' (H-h) + Yw (H-h) = 0.33 x 10190 x 2.30 + 9810 x

PaL2 30375 x 5.00 2

Mf (at supports ) = = = 63281 N-m (causing
12 12
PaL2 PaL2 30375 x 5.00 2
M ( at centre ) = - Mf = = = 31641
8 24 24
d = 350 - ( 45 + 0 )= 305 mm
63281000
At Supports, Ast = = 1855 mm2
130 x 0.861 x 305
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 1855 = 108
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 100 mm c/c at the out side face at
At mid span, Ast = 1855 x 0.5 = 927.5 mm2 minimum Ast =
3.14xdia 2
3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 928 = 217
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 210 mm c/c at inner side face
(III) Bottom portion The bottom 1.00 m will bend as cantilever.
Intensity of earth pressure at bottom = 43582 N/m2
 1 1
\ M = x 43582 x 1 x = 7264
2 3

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
7264 x 1000
\ Ast = = 216 mm2
130 x 0.861 x 300
Minimum steel @ 0.229 % "= 800 mm2
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 800 = 251
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 250 mm c/c at out side face, in vertical direction for
bottom 1.00 m height. The spacing can be doubled for upper portion.
(III) Direct compression in short walls:-
Though the long walls bend as cantilever, it is observed that end
width of long wall contributes to push in short walla, due to earth pressure, and its magnitude is given by
PBC = Pa x 1 = 30375 x 1 =
This is quite small, and hence its effect has not been considered.
(b) Tank full with water , and no earth fill out side.
(I) Top Portion . The bottom 1.00 m act as cantilever, while the remaining
act as slab supported on long walls.
p = w (H-h) = 9810 x( 3.30 - 1.00 )= 22563
PB2 22563 x 5.00 2
Mf (at supports ) = = = 47006.25
12 12
PB2 22563 x 5.00 2
Mc (At centre) = = = 23503.125
24 24
Direct tension in short wall:- Due to water pressure on the end 1.00 metre width of long w
pB = w (H-h) x1 = 9810 x( 3.30 - 1.00 )x
Effective d, for horizontal steel = 305 mm
\ Distance = (x - d ) x T / 2 = 305 - 350 / 2 =
Mf - PB.x
Hence net B.M. = M - PB. x \ Ast1 = Ast2 =
sst,j.d
At inside face (end of short walls)
Mf - PB.x 47006 x 1000 - 22563 x
Ast1 = =
sst,j.d 130 x 0.861 x 305
PB 22563
Ast2 = = = 174 mm2 \ total Ast = 1292
ss 130
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 1466 = 137
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 130 mm c/c at the inner face,
At the out side face (middle of short walls)
Mc - PB.x 23503 x 1000 - 22563 x
Ast1 = =
sst , j . d 130 x 0.861 x 305
PB 22563
Ast2 = = = 174 mm2 \ total Ast = 603
ss 130
Minimum reinforcement required = 800 mm2
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
 using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 800 = 251
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 250 mm c/c at the outside face,

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
(III) Bottom portion The bottom 1.00 m will bend as cantilever.
P (at bottom) = 32373 N/m2 (stap 3)
1 1
\ M = x 32373 x 1 x = 5396
2 3
5396 x 1000
\ Ast = = 161 mm2
130 x 0.861 x 300
Minimum steel @ 0.229 % = 800 mm2
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 800 = 141
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 140 mm c/c at out side face, in vertical direction for
bottom 1.00 m height. The spacing can be doubled for upper portion.
( C) Summary of reinforcement in short walls.
(I) Horizontal reifocement at inner face:
For lateral earth pressure, horizontal reinfocement require is 16 mm f @
For water pressure, horizontal reinforcement required is 16 mm f @
Hence provided greater one of two reinforcement.
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 130 mm c/c at inner face at,
At top 1 m height, the pressure will be reduced to half the value ;
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 210 mm c/c at for the top 1.00
(II) Horizontal reinfocement for outer face;
For lateral earth pressure, horizontal reinfocement require is 16 mm f @
For water pressure, horizontal reinforcement required is 16 mm f @
Hence provided greater one of two reinforcement.
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 100 mm c/c at inner face at,
At top 1 m height, the pressure will be reduced to half the value ;
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 140 mm c/c at for the top 1.00
(III) Vertical reinforcement at inner face;
provide 16 mm F bar, @ 210 mm c/c at the inner face, for bottom
the spacing can be double for upper portion.
(IV) Vertical reinforcement at outer face;
provide 12 mm F bar, @ 140 mm c/c at the Outer face, for bottom
the spacing can be double for upper portion.
### Design of top slab:-
L/B = 10.00 / 5.00 = 2 Hence top slab will be design as one way s
Let the live load of slab = 2000 N/m2
Assuming a thickness of 20 cm including finishing etc.
self weight = 0.20 x 1 x 1 x 25000 = 5000
Total weight = 2000 + 5000 = 7000
w.B 2
7000 x( 5.00 + 0.35 )=
2
25045
M = =
8 8
 25045000
Required depth = = 128 mm
1.530 x 1000
Provide total depth 200 + 45 = 250 mm so that available d=
25045000
Ast = = 1092 mm2
130 x 0.861 x 205
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 1092 = 104
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 100 mm c/c
Distribution steel :-
250 -
% of distribution steel = 0.3 - 0.1 x
450 -
250 x 1000
Astd = 0.257 x = 643 mm2,
100
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 78.5 / 643 = 122
Hence Provided 10 mm F bar, @ 120 mm c/c the other direction.

### Design of bottom slab:- If ther is no sub-soil water nominal reinforcement would required .
However, because of saturated sub-soil, there will uplift pressure on the bottom slab, of the magnitude given by.
pu = wH1 =9810 x 3.60 = 35316 N/m2 (assuming base slab thickness
Chech against flotation.; The hole tank must be check against flotation when the tank is empty.
Total upward flotation force. = Pu = pu x B x L
Pu = 35316 x 5.00 x 10.00 = 1765800 N
Total down ward force consists of weight of tank. Base slab thickness
Weight of walls = 0.35 x 2.00 x( 5.00 + 10.00 )x 3.30 x
Weight of roof slab and finishing = 0.2 x 5.00 x 10.00 x
Weight of base slab = 0.35 x 5.00 x 10 x
Total weight
1765800 > 1553750 upward force is more than dpown ward force

hence provide projection in slab, beyond the face of vertical walls, by an amount x m alround, so that weight of soil column s
will provide additional down war force. It is assumed that if the tank is floted, the earth would rupture on vrtical planes shown
.Most soil would tend torupture on an inclined planes, thus tendind to increase the effective down ward load from the earth b
waterlogged non-cohesive ground.

Weigt of soil supported by projection:

x = 2(L+B)x H.Ysat = 2 x( 5.70 + 10.70 )x 3.30 x
Weight of roof slab and finishing = 0.2 x 5.00 x 10.00 x
Weight of walls = 0.35 x 2.00 x( 5.00 + 10.00 )x 3.30 x

Weight of base slab=( 5.00 + 2 x 0.35 + 2 x)

( 10.00 + 2 x 0.35 + 2 x) 0.35 x
=( 5.7 + 2 x)( 10.7 + 2 x) 8750
Assuming that S.F. = 1.10 is needed because
(I) concrete may weight less than
 (II) Earth may weight les than
(III) Ground water may turn saline weight more than
Total up lift force = 1.10 x 32373 x( 5.7 + 2 x)( 10.7 +
Equating total upward force to the total down ward force, we get
5.7 + 2 x) ( 10.7 + 2 x)= 2164800 x + 1116250
4 x+ 2
32.8 x + 60.99 )= 80.595 x + 41.56
4 x 2
47.7948 x + 19.43 = 0
1 x2 11.95 x+ 4.86 = 0 hence x =

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
Chech : width B1 = 5.70 +( 2 x 0.40 ) = 6.50
Length = 10.70 +( 2 x 0.40 ) = 11.50
\ Weight of soil suppoted on projection: x = 2 x( L 1 +B1)x Hysat
x = 2 x( 11.50 + 6.50 )x 0.40 x 3 x
The Bottom slab will be design as one way slab. Cosidered one metre length
Upward water pressure Pu = 35316 N/m2
Self weight of slab : 1 x 1 x 0.35 x 25000
\ Net upward pressure, p = 35316 - 8750
Weight of wall per m. run = 0.35 x 3.30 x 1 x 25000
weight of roof slab, transferred to each wall, per m run
= 0.20 x( 2 + 0.35 )x 1 x
Weight of earth projection = 17000 x 3 x 1 x 0.40
= 56100 x 1 x 0.40
\ Net unbalanced force/m run = 35316 ( 6.50 x 1 ) - 2 x(
22440 + 11750
\ Reaction on each wall = 103424 / 2
Pa '= Ka yH +wH = 43582 N/m 2
\ pa = 43582 x 3 /
Acting at = 3 / 3 + 0.35 = 1.45
B.M. at the edge of 26566 x 0.40 2
+ 56100 x
71910.3 x 1.45 -
cantilever portion '= 2 2.00
= 101907 N-m or 101907000 N-mm
B.M. At center of span = 26566 x 6.50 2
+ 71910 x 1.45 -(
2 x 2
5.35 6.50
+ 11750 )x - 56100 x 0.40 x( -
2 2
= 140302 + 104269.94 "- 168699 -
= 7431 N-m or 7431000 N-mm
101907000
Required depth = = 258 mm
1.530 x 1000
Provide total depth 350 + 50 = 400 mm so that available d=
101907000
Ast = = 2603 mm2
130 x 0.861 x 350
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 314 / 2603 = 121
Hence Provided 20 mm F bar, @ 120 mm c/c at bottom Face
For top face,
 -7431000
Ast = = -190 mm2
130 x 0.861 x 350
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using ### mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / -190 = -595
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ -590 mm c/c
Disrtibution reinforcement in longitudinal direction
400 - 100
= 0.30 - 0.1 x = 0.21 %
450 - 100
0.21 x 1000 x 400
Area of steel = = 857 mm2 On each face
100
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
3.14xdia2 3.14 x
using 8 mm bars A = =
4 x100 4
Spacing of hoop Bars = 1000 x 50.2 / 429 = 117
Hence Provided 8 mm F bar, @ 110 mm c/c. on each face

### Detail of reinforcement:-

Shown in drawing
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
WATER TANK

20.00 kN/m3 20000

25000 N/m3
130 N/mm2
11
9.81 N/mm3 9810

e tasted against floatation. As the L/B ratio is greater

s will be designed as cantilever while the top portion

N/mm2

1.06106
2.93894
= 0.333
10190 N/m3

43582 N/m2

N-m or 67801140 N-mm

able d = 300 mm

20 x 20
= 314 mm2
x 100
say = 150 mm
t bottom of long wall
 0.5 )1/3 = 2.618002 m
ever as per code requirement,
240 mm or d = 300 mm,
0.3 = 1.00 m from base.
3.30 x( 0.25 )1/3= 2.08
ever as per code requirement,
240 mm or d = 300 mm,
0.3 = 1.55 m from base.
0.22857 %

mm2

e curtalment is not permissible

300 mm c/c

100
= 0.229 %
100
Area of each face = 400 mm2
10 x 10
= 78.5 mm2
x 100
say = 190 mm

mm2

se compression

ve the base of walls .

9810 x 2.30 = 30375
N/m2

N-m or 58756995 N-mm

20 x 20
= 314 mm2
x 100
say = 170 mm

0.5 )1/3 = 2.618002 m

ever as per code requirement,
 240 mm or d = 300 mm,

0.3 = 1.00 m from base.

3.30 x( 0.25 )1/3= 2.08
ever as per code requirement,
240 mm or d = 300 mm,
0.3 = 1.55 m from base.
0.22857 %

mm2
e curtalment is not permissible

340 mm c/c

1.00 m height

61312.5 / 130 = 472 mm2

826 mm2

he remaining 2.30 m

2.30 = 7812 + 22563

= 30375 N/m2

N-m (causing tension out side )

N-m (causing tension in

31641
side )

16 x 16
= 201 mm2
x 100
say = 100 mm
2.30 m below the top
minimum Ast = 927.5 mm2
16 x 16
= 201 mm2
x 100
say = 210 mm

as cantilever.
N/m2
 N-m
(with tension at out side face)

16 x 16
= 201 mm2
x 100
say = 250 mm
vertical direction for

1.00 metre

30375 N

he remaining 2.30 m

N/m2
causing tension at
N-m
the inside
causing tension at
N-m
the outside
metre width of long wall is
1.0 = 22563 N/m2

130 mm
PB
ss

130
= 1292 mm2

1292 + 174 = 1466 mm2

16 x 16
= 201 mm2
x 100
say = 130 mm

130
= 603 mm2

603 + 174 = 777 mm2

16 x 16
= 201 mm2
 = 201 mm2
x 100
say = 250 mm

as cantilever.

N-m
with tension at in side face

12 x 12
= 113 mm2
x 100
say = 140 mm
vertical direction for

210 mm c/c in the mid span

130 mm c/c at the ends.

2.30 m from top.

1.00 m height.

100 mm c/c in the mid span

140 mm c/c at the ends.

0.00 m from top.

1.00 m height.

1.00 m height

1.00 m height

ab will be design as one way slab.

g finishing etc.
N/m2
N/m2
N-m or 25045000 N-mm
 205 mm

12 x 12
= 113 mm2
x 100

say = 100 mm

100
= 0.257 %
100

10 x 10
= 78.5 mm2
x 100
say = 120 mm

se slab thickness = 350 mm)

slab thickness = 350 mm

25000 = 866250 N
25000 = 250000 N
25000 = 437500 N
W= 1553750 N

that weight of soil column supported by projection

re on vrtical planes shown by dotted lines. (fig )
ward load from the earth but this might be small in

20000 = 2164800 xN
25000 = 250000 N
25000 = 866250 N
Total "= 1116250 N

25000
=

25000 N/m3
 17000 N/m3
9810 N/m3
2 x)

1116250 )/ 26860
41.56

0.40

m
m

20000 = 950400 N

= 8750 N/m2
= 26566 N/m2
= 28875 N/m

25000 = 11750 N

= 22440 N/m
28875 +
= 103424 N
= 51712 N
2 = 71910.3 N/m
m above the bottom of base slab
0.40 2

2.00
Causing tension at bottom face
28875 + 22440

0.20 )'=

68442
Causing tension at top face

350 mm

20 x 20
= 314 mm2
x 100
say = 120 mm
 12 x 12
= 113 mm2
x 100
say = -590 mm

On each face = 429 mm2

8 x 8
= 50.2 mm2
x 100
say = 110 mm
 DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR UNDER GROUND WATER TANK

Name of work :- pkn

20 mm f @ 150 mm c/c
10 mm f @ 190 mm c/c
0.35 5.00 0.35
0.35

20 mm f @ 170 mm c/c 10 mm f @
190 mm c/c
mm f @ mm c/c
mm f @ mm c/c 5.00 2.33 20 mm f @ 300
16 mm f @ mm c/c 20 mm f @ 340
mm f @ mm c/c
mm f @ mm c/c 1.17 20 mm f @ 150
16 mm f @ 100 mm c/c 0.40 20 mm f @ 170

0.35
0.35
mm f @ mm c/c

0.35 10.00 m 0.35

12 mm f @ 200 mm c/c
10 mm f @ 120 mm c/c
12 mm f @ 100 mm c/c

0.25
16 mm f @ 500 mm c/c
16 mm f @ 420 mm c/c
mm f @ mm c/c 2.30 m
3.50 mm f @ mm c/c
16 mm f @ 130 mm c/c
16 mm f @ 250 mm c/c
16 mm f @ 100 mm c/c 1.00 m
0.40 16 mm f @ 210 mm c/c 0.40

0.4
 0.4

Reinforcement detail for short wall pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

 0.25

3.50

0.40
ana@yahoo.co.in
 VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS
Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 tbd (N / mm2)
scbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13
m scbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
(a) sst =
jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
140
N/mm2 Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254 Grade of
(Fe 250) Pc (%) concrete
0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857
kc 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 M 15
(b) sst = jc 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 M 20
190 Rc 0.732 1.025 1.244 1.464 1.684 1.903 M 25
N/mm2
Pc (%) 0.433 0.606 0.736 0.866 0.997 1.127 M 30
kc 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 M 35
(c ) sst =
jc 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 M 40
230
N/mm2 Rc 0.653 0.914 1.11 1.306 1.502 1.698 M 45
(Fe 415) Pc (%) 0.314 0.44 0.534 0.628 0.722 0.816 M 50
kc 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253
(d) sst =
jc 0.916 0.916 0.916 0.914 0.916 0.916
275
N/mm2 Rc 0.579 0.811 0.985 1.159 1.332 1.506
(Fe 500) Pc (%) 0.23 0.322 0.391 0.46 0.53 0.599

Permissible shear stress Table t v in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As Permissible shear stress in concrete tv N/mm2
bd M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Grade of
< 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.2 0.2 0.2
concrete
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
0.50 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32 M 10
0.75 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38 M 15
1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42 M 20
1.25 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46 M 25
1.50 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49 M 30
1.75 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.52 M 35
2.00 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.55 M 40
2.25 0.44 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57 M 45
2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60 M 50
2.75 0.44 0.51 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62
3.00 and above 0.44 0.51 0.57 0.6 0.62 0.63

Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permissi

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Grade of concrete
tc.max 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5 sct.max

Shear stress tc Reiforcement %

100As 100As Value
M-20 M-20
bd bd Degree
0.15 0.18 0.18 0.15 1
0.16 0.18 0.19 0.18 1.5
0.17 0.18 0.2 0.21 2
0.18 0.19 0.21 0.24 2.5
0.19 0.19 0.22 0.27 3
0.2 0.19 0.23 0.3 3.5
0.21 0.2 0.24 0.32 4
0.22 0.2 0.25 0.35 4.5
0.23 0.2 0.26 0.38 5
0.24 0.21 0.27 0.41 5.5
0.25 0.21 0.28 0.44 6
0.26 0.21 0.29 0.47 6.5
0.27 0.22 0.30 0.5 7
0.28 0.22 0.31 0.55 7.5
0.29 0.22 0.32 0.6 8
0.3 0.23 0.33 0.65 8.5
0.31 0.23 0.34 0.7 9
0.32 0.24 0.35 0.75 9.5
0.33 0.24 0.36 0.82 10
0.34 0.24 0.37 0.88 10.5
0.35 0.25 0.38 0.94 11
0.36 0.25 0.39 1.00 11.5
0.37 0.25 0.4 1.08 12
0.38 0.26 0.41 1.16 12.5
0.39 0.26 0.42 1.25 13
0.4 0.26 0.43 1.33 13.5
0.41 0.27 0.44 1.41 14
0.42 0.27 0.45 1.50 14.5
0.43 0.27 0.46 1.63 15
0.44 0.28 0.46 1.64 15.5
0.45 0.28 0.47 1.75 16
0.46 0.28 0.48 1.88 16.5
0.47 0.29 0.49 2.00 17
0.48 0.29 0.50 2.13 17.5
0.49 0.29 0.51 2.25 18
0.5 0.30 18.5
0.51 0.30 19
0.52 0.30 19.5
0.53 0.30 20
0.54 0.30 20.5
0.55 0.31 21
0.56 0.31 21.5
0.57 0.31 22
0.58 0.31 22.5
0.59 0.31 23
0.6 0.32 23.5
0.61 0.32 24
0.62 0.32 24.5
0.63 0.32 25
0.64 0.32 25.5
0.65 0.33 26
0.66 0.33 26.5
0.67 0.33 27
0.68 0.33 27.5
0.69 0.33 28
0.7 0.34 28.5
0.71 0.34 29
0.72 0.34 29.5
0.73 0.34 30
0.74 0.34 30.5
0.75 0.35 31
0.76 0.35 31.5
0.77 0.35 32
0.78 0.35 32.5
0.79 0.35 33
0.8 0.35 33.5
0.81 0.35 34
0.82 0.36 34.5
0.83 0.36 35
0.84 0.36 35.5
0.85 0.36 36
0.86 0.36 36.5
0.87 0.36 37
0.88 0.37 37.5
0.89 0.37 38
0.9 0.37 38.5
0.91 0.37 39
0.92 0.37 39.5
0.93 0.37 40
0.94 0.38 40.5
0.95 0.38 41
0.96 0.38 41.5
0.97 0.38 42
0.98 0.38 42.5
0.99 0.38 43
1.00 0.39 43.5
1.01 0.39 44
1.02 0.39 44.5
1.03 0.39 45
1.04 0.39 45.5
1.05 0.39 46
1.06 0.39 46.5
1.07 0.39 47
1.08 0.4 47.5
1.09 0.4 48
1.10 0.4 48.5
1.11 0.4 49
1.12 0.4 49.5
1.13 0.4 50
1.14 0.4 50.5
1.15 0.4 51
1.16 0.41 51.5
1.17 0.41 52
1.18 0.41 52.5
1.19 0.41 53
1.20 0.41 53.5
1.21 0.41 54
1.22 0.41 54.5
1.23 0.41 55
1.24 0.41 55.5
1.25 0.42 56
1.26 0.42 56.5
1.27 0.42 57
1.28 0.42 57.5
1.29 0.42 58
1.30 0.42 58.5
1.31 0.42 59
1.32 0.42 59.5
1.33 0.43 60
1.34 0.43 60.5
1.35 0.43 61
1.36 0.43 61.5
1.37 0.43 62
1.38 0.43 62.5
1.39 0.43 63
1.40 0.43 63.5
1.41 0.44 64
1.42 0.44 64.5
1.43 0.44 65
1.44 0.44 65.5
1.45 0.44 66
1.46 0.44 66.5
1.47 0.44 67
1.48 0.44 67.5
1.49 0.44 68
1.50 0.45 68.5
1.51 0.45 69
1.52 0.45 69.5
1.53 0.45 70
1.54 0.45 70.5
1.55 0.45 71
1.56 0.45 71.5
1.57 0.45 72
1.58 0.45 72.5
1.59 0.45 73
1.60 0.45 73.5
1.61 0.45 74
1.62 0.45 74.5
1.63 0.46 75
1.64 0.46 75.5
1.65 0.46 76
1.66 0.46 76.5
1.67 0.46 77
1.68 0.46 77.5
1.69 0.46 78
1.70 0.46 78.5
1.71 0.46 79
1.72 0.46 79.5
1.73 0.46 80
1.74 0.46 80.5
1.75 0.47 81
1.76 0.47 81.5
1.77 0.47 82
1.78 0.47 82.5
1.79 0.47 83
1.80 0.47 83.5
1.81 0.47 84
1.82 0.47 84.5
1.83 0.47 85
1.84 0.47 85.5
1.85 0.47 86
1.86 0.47 86.5
1.87 0.47 87
1.88 0.48 87.5
1.89 0.48 88
1.90 0.48 88.5
1.91 0.48 89
1.92 0.48 89.5
1.93 0.48 90
1.94 0.48
1.95 0.48
1.96 0.48
1.97 0.48
1.98 0.48
1.99 0.48
2.00 0.49
2.01 0.49
2.02 0.49
2.03 0.49
2.04 0.49
2.05 0.49
2.06 0.49
2.07 0.49
2.08 0.49
2.09 0.49
2.10 0.49
2.11 0.49
2.12 0.49
2.13 0.50
2.14 0.50
2.15 0.50
2.16 0.50
2.17 0.50
2.18 0.50
2.19 0.50
2.20 0.50
2.21 0.50
2.22 0.50
2.23 0.50
2.24 0.50
2.25 0.51
2.26 0.51
2.27 0.51
2.28 0.51
2.29 0.51
2.30 0.51
2.31 0.51
2.32 0.51
2.33 0.51
2.34 0.51
2.35 0.51
2.36 0.51
2.37 0.51
2.38 0.51
2.39 0.51
2.40 0.51
2.41 0.51
2.42 0.51
2.43 0.51
2.44 0.51
2.45 0.51
2.46 0.51
2.47 0.51
2.48 0.51
2.49 0.51
2.50 0.51
2.51 0.51
2.52 0.51
2.53 0.51
2.54 0.51
2.55 0.51
2.56 0.51
2.57 0.51
2.58 0.51
2.59 0.51
2.60 0.51
2.61 0.51
2.62 0.51
2.63 0.51
2.64 0.51
2.65 0.51
2.66 0.51
2.67 0.51
2.68 0.51
2.69 0.51
2.70 0.51
2.71 0.51
2.72 0.51
2.73 0.51
2.74 0.51
2.75 0.51
2.76 0.51
2.77 0.51
2.78 0.51
2.79 0.51
2.80 0.51
2.81 0.51
2.82 0.51
2.83 0.51
2.84 0.51
2.85 0.51
2.86 0.51
2.87 0.51
2.88 0.51
2.89 0.51
2.90 0.51
2.91 0.51
2.92 0.51
2.93 0.51
2.94 0.51
2.95 0.51
2.96 0.51
2.97 0.51
2.98 0.51
2.99 0.51
3.00 0.51
3.01 0.51
3.02 0.51
3.03 0.51
3.04 0.51
3.05 0.51
3.06 0.51
3.07 0.51
3.08 0.51
3.09 0.51
3.10 0.51
3.11 0.51
3.12 0.51
3.13 0.51
3.14 0.51
3.15 0.51
 Permissible Bond stress Table t bd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 M-45 M-50
-- 0.6 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

Development Length in tension

Plain M.S. Bars H.Y.S.D. Bars

tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F
0.6 58 0.96 60
0.8 44 1.28 45
0.9 39 1.44 40
1 35 1.6 36
1.1 32 1.76 33
1.2 29 1.92 30
1.3 27 2.08 28
1.4 25 2.24 26

Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permission stress in compression (N/mm2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
Bending acbc Direct (acc) plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
(N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) in kg/m2
3.0 300 2.5 250 -- --
5.0 500 4.0 400 0.6 60
7.0 700 5.0 500 0.8 80
8.5 850 6.0 600 0.9 90
10.0 1000 8.0 800 1.0 100
11.5 1150 9.0 900 1.1 110
13.0 1300 10.0 1000 1.2 120
14.5 1450 11.0 1100 1.3 130
16.0 1600 12.0 1200 1.4 140

Permissible direct tensile stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40

sct.max 1.2 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4
 Value of angle
sin Degree cos tan cot
0.017 1 1.000 0.017 57.295
0.026 1.5 1.000 0.262 56.300
0.035 2 0.999 0.035 28.644
0.044 2.5 0.999 0.044 22.913
0.052 3 0.999 0.052 19.083
0.061 3.5 0.998 0.061 16.362
0.070 4 0.998 0.070 14.311
0.078 4.5 0.997 0.079 12.707
0.087 5 0.996 0.087 11.437
0.096 5.5 0.995 0.096 10.385
0.104 6 0.995 0.105 9.563
0.113 6.5 0.994 0.114 8.777
0.122 7 0.993 0.123 8.149
0.131 7.5 0.991 0.132 7.597
0.139 8 0.990 0.140 7.119
0.148 8.5 0.989 0.149 6.691
0.156 9 0.988 0.158 6.315
0.165 9.5 0.986 0.168 5.963
0.174 10 0.985 0.176 5.673
0.182 10.5 0.983 0.185 5.396
0.191 11 0.981 0.194 5.142
0.199 11.5 0.980 0.203 4.915
0.208 12 0.978 0.213 4.704
0.819 12.5 0.976 0.839 1.192
0.225 13 0.974 0.231 4.332
0.233 13.5 0.972 0.240 4.166
0.242 14 0.970 0.249 4.011
0.250 14.5 0.968 0.259 3.867
0.259 15 0.966 0.268 3.732
0.259 15.5 0.964 0.269 3.723
0.276 16 0.961 0.287 3.488
0.284 16.5 0.959 0.296 3.376
0.292 17 0.956 0.306 3.272
0.301 17.5 0.954 0.315 3.172
0.309 18 0.951 0.325 3.078
0.317 18.5 0.948 0.335 2.989
0.326 19 0.946 0.344 2.905
0.334 19.5 0.943 0.354 2.824
0.342 20 0.940 0.364 2.747
0.350 20.5 0.937 0.374 2.674
0.358 21 0.934 0.384 2.605
0.367 21.5 0.930 0.394 2.539
0.375 22 0.927 0.404 2.475
0.383 22.5 0.924 0.414 2.414
0.391 23 0.921 0.424 2.356
0.399 23.5 0.917 0.435 2.300
0.407 24 0.924 0.440 2.271
0.415 24.5 0.910 0.456 2.194
0.422 25 0.906 0.466 2.148
0.431 25.5 0.905 0.476 2.103
0.438 26 0.898 0.488 2.049
0.446 26.5 0.895 0.499 2.006
0.454 27 0.891 0.510 1.963
0.462 27.5 0.887 0.521 1.921
0.469 28 0.883 0.532 1.881
0.477 28.5 0.879 0.543 1.842
0.485 29 0.875 0.554 1.804
0.492 29.5 0.870 0.566 1.767
0.500 30 0.866 0.577 1.732
0.508 30.5 0.862 0.589 1.698
0.515 31 0.857 0.601 1.664
0.522 31.5 0.853 0.613 1.632
0.530 32 0.848 0.625 1.600
0.537 32.5 0.843 0.637 1.570
0.545 33 0.839 0.649 1.540
0.552 33.5 0.834 0.662 1.511
0.559 34 0.829 0.675 1.483
0.566 34.5 0.834 0.679 1.473
0.573 35 0.819 0.700 1.429
0.581 35.5 0.814 0.713 1.402
0.588 36 0.809 0.726 1.377
0.595 36.5 0.804 0.740 1.351
0.602 37 0.799 0.754 1.327
0.609 37.5 0.793 0.767 1.303
0.616 38 0.788 0.781 1.280
0.623 38.5 0.783 0.795 1.257
0.629 39 0.777 0.810 1.235
0.636 39.5 0.772 0.824 1.213
0.643 40 0.766 0.839 1.191
0.649 40.5 0.760 0.854 1.171
0.656 41 0.755 0.869 1.150
0.663 41.5 0.749 0.885 1.130
0.669 42 0.743 0.900 1.111
0.676 42.5 0.737 0.916 1.091
0.682 43 0.731 0.933 1.072
0.688 43.5 0.725 0.949 1.054
0.695 44 0.719 0.966 1.036
0.701 44.5 0.713 0.983 1.018
0.707 45 0.707 1.000 1.000
0.713 45.5 0.701 1.018 0.983
0.719 46 0.695 1.036 0.966
0.725 46.5 0.688 1.054 0.949
0.731 47 0.682 1.072 0.933
0.737 47.5 0.676 1.091 0.916
0.742 48 0.669 1.109 0.902
0.749 48.5 0.663 1.130 0.885
0.755 49 0.656 1.150 0.869
0.760 49.5 0.649 1.171 0.854
0.766 50 0.643 1.192 0.839
0.772 50.5 0.636 1.213 0.824
0.777 51 0.629 1.235 0.810
0.786 51.5 0.623 1.262 0.792
0.788 52 0.616 1.280 0.781
0.793 52.5 0.609 1.303 0.767
0.799 53 0.602 1.327 0.754
0.804 53.5 0.595 1.351 0.740
0.809 54 0.588 1.376 0.727
0.814 54.5 0.581 1.402 0.713
0.819 55 0.574 1.428 0.700
0.824 55.5 0.566 1.455 0.687
0.829 56 0.559 1.483 0.675
0.834 56.5 0.552 1.511 0.662
0.839 57 0.545 1.540 0.649
0.843 57.5 0.537 1.570 0.637
0.848 58 0.530 1.600 0.625
0.853 58.5 0.522 1.632 0.613
0.857 59 0.515 1.664 0.601
0.862 59.5 0.508 1.698 0.589
0.866 60 0.500 1.732 0.577
0.870 60.5 0.492 1.767 0.566
0.875 61 0.485 1.804 0.554
0.879 61.5 0.477 1.842 0.543
0.883 62 0.470 1.880 0.532
0.887 62.5 0.462 1.921 0.521
0.891 63 0.454 1.963 0.510
0.895 63.5 0.446 2.006 0.498
0.899 64 0.438 2.051 0.488
0.903 64.5 0.431 2.097 0.477
0.906 65 0.423 2.145 0.466
0.910 65.5 0.415 2.195 0.456
0.914 66 0.407 2.246 0.445
0.917 66.5 0.399 2.300 0.435
0.921 67 0.391 2.356 0.424
0.924 67.5 0.383 2.414 0.414
0.927 68 0.375 2.475 0.404
0.930 68.5 0.819 1.136 0.880
0.934 69 0.358 2.605 0.384
0.937 69.5 0.350 2.674 0.374
0.940 70 0.342 2.747 0.364
0.943 70.5 0.556 1.696 0.590
0.946 71 0.326 2.904 0.344
0.948 71.5 0.317 2.989 0.335
0.951 72 0.309 3.078 0.325
0.954 72.5 0.301 3.172 0.315
0.956 73 0.292 3.271 0.306
0.959 73.5 0.284 3.376 0.296
0.961 74 0.276 3.488 0.287
0.964 74.5 0.267 3.606 0.277
0.966 75 0.259 3.732 0.268
0.968 75.5 0.250 3.868 0.259
0.970 76 0.242 4.011 0.249
0.982 76.5 0.233 4.209 0.238
0.974 77 0.225 4.332 0.231
0.976 77.5 0.216 4.511 0.222
0.978 78 0.208 4.705 0.213
0.980 78.5 0.199 4.915 0.203
0.982 79 0.191 5.145 0.194
0.983 79.5 0.182 5.396 0.185
0.985 80 0.174 5.673 0.176
0.986 80.5 0.165 5.977 0.167
 0.988 81 0.156 6.315 0.158
0.989 81.5 0.148 6.691 0.149
0.999 82 0.139 7.178 0.139
0.991 82.5 0.131 7.597 0.132
0.993 83 0.122 8.145 0.123
0.994 83.5 0.113 8.777 0.114
0.995 84 0.105 9.517 0.105
0.995 84.5 0.096 10.389 0.096
0.996 85 0.087 11.431 0.087
0.997 85.5 0.078 12.716 0.079
0.998 86 0.070 14.302 0.070
0.998 86.5 0.061 16.362 0.061
0.999 87 0.052 19.083 0.052
0.999 87.5 0.044 22.913 0.044
0.999 88 0.035 28.637 0.035
1.000 88.5 0.026 38.299 0.026
0.9998 89 0.017 57.295 0.017
0.9999 89.5 0.009 114.931 0.009
1.000 90 0.000 1.000 0.000