You are on page 1of 37

Water Management in

Sustainable Development
Framework
Global, national and sectoral perspectives

zainiujang@kettha.gov.my

31 October, 2016
Kuantan, Pahang
Polluted water
(not hazardous wastes)

>99% Water
<1%
Solid
Organics
Nutrients
Others (inorganics, etc)

2
Insentif?

“Daripada Annas bin Malik, Rasulullah saw bersada: ‘Tujuh perkara yang
seseorang itu masih berterusan mendapat pahala daripadanya walaupun
setelah meninggal dunia:
1) Ilmu yang diajarkan
2) Mata air yang dialirkan
3) Perigi yang digali
4) Pohon yang ditanam
5) Masjid yang dibina
6) Mashaf al-Quran yang ditinggalkan sebagai pusaka
7) Anak-anak yang sentiasa mendoakan keampunan untuknya”

Al-Jami’ Al-Sohih: 3596


Kitab al-Targhub wal-Tarhib (Bab Sedekah)

3
Principles

High Consumption High Energy, Resources


Energy Natural resources, oil, gas, coal, $$
Water Raw water, energy, $$
Food Land use, pesticides, fertilizer, carbon sink
Consumer goods Shipping, waste to dispose?
Lifestyle products Want vs needs?

Sustainable Consumption

Sustainable Development

4
5
6
Rainfall intensity at SSD & STD (2010 to 2016)

2015~16: El Nino
2014: 2 mm
2015: 14 mm

2014: 14 mm 2015~16: El Nino


2015: 53 mm

 SSD Rainfall 2010 = 2,284 mm, 2011 = 2,111 mm, 2012 = 2,750 mm, 2013 = 2,250 mm,
2014 = 1,952 mm (rationing), 2015 = 2,239 mm.
 For last year 2015, rainfall was below normal level since August due7to El Nino.
Sustainability
The currency is Carbon (C)

Approach?
o Reduce C emission
o Increase C sink

Methodology (e.g.)?
o Green technology
o Green cover

8
9
PRESENT
PRACTICES
PRESENT: TO STORM DRAIIN
PRESENT
PRACTICES
- Wet markets
- Treated industrial waste
- Old premises

11
Typical usage of combined public sewer
system in arid and temperate climates
Maintained and operated by water companies

Non-treated
industrial WW
Municipal WW

Partly treated
industrial WW

Public sewer
Urban runoff

Stormwater

Public sewer in tropical regions are mainly for municipal wastewater


12
River bank filtration

13
14
Marina Bay, Singapore

2008, Marina Barrage was built, a new downtown freshwater Marina Reservoir,
providing water supply, flood control and a new lifestyle attraction.

15
Environmental Sustainability
Project Selection Grid

HIGH
High-tech, capital-intensive Green-Economy
Value
o Green-culture
o Technology-focus o Education-focus
o Capital-intensive o Local expertise-niche
o Cleaner production o Low carbon footprint
o Public well-being

Regulatory, Enforcement Low-tech, people-centered

o Compliance-focus o Pollution prevention


o Pollution control o Employment-focus
o Public health o Local-expertise
LOW
Value
LOW Sustainability HIGH Sustainability
16
From third to first class mentality

Third Class First Class

Responsibility Not me Me

Payment Government My contribution

Culture By law, Passion,


enforcement commitment
Education Benefits? DNA

Civic matters By law, incentives Way of life

Politics Power Tasking

Leadership Class-bound Professionalism


From Planning to DNA green culture

PLAN what?

IMPLEMENT how? IMPROVE how?

HABIT
Artifacts, thinking, systems, SOP,
CULTURE integrity, teamwork, life style, etc

DNA
The power, green technology and water sectors are facing an
era of unprecedented disruptions
Description Examples

Energy efficiency and Smart meters for water


Innovation in processes demand management and power
Incremental
or materials already
moves available and proven New materials for
cabling

Home, building EE and Industrial equipment


Technology close to automation efficiency
Minor
maturity with impact on
earthquakes specific market niches Big Data for advanced
New STP design
asset management

Distributed Generation
Technology close/ Water reuse technologies
(with Storage)
New above the tipping point
breakthroughs that can significantly Centralized RE: Waste, Water, Energy
change the energy mix Solar and Wind Nexus

Solid state
Technology with the Grid-scale storage
Game power electronics
potential to disrupt the
changers industry structure Electric and
Combined sewer network
Autonomous Vehicles

19
Where do we stand today?

Water & Wastewater


Access Efficiency Sustainability
95% Population served with 36% Non-revenue water1 2% Annual freshwater
clean water1 withdrawals of total2
2014 41Mn Sewage connected3
211 Water consumption 19,397 Renewable internal
CURRENT
PE liters per capita per day1
m3 freshwater resources,
per capita 2
POSITION

99% 25% 7%
UK 135 Mn PE 260 liters 2,244 m3
GLOBAL PEERS

97% 7% 19%
Japan 210 Mn PE 170 liters 3,382 m3

100% 5% 32%
Singapore 12 Mn PE 160 liters 110 m3

1 Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara; GWI Global Water Market 2017


2 WorldBank, FAO and AquaSTAT. Data for 2015
3 Eleventh Malaysia Plan 2015-2020. Includes population covered by grids and septic tanks, value from 2015; GWI Global Water Market 2017

20
Where do we stand today?

Green Technology
Carbon footprint GHG Emission GHG Reduction targets

12.2 Ton CO2eq 371 Million ton CO2eq 45% CO2 reduction
2015
CURRENT
POSITION

GHG emission levels


2.79 Gton
Between 13.8 to 14.4
CO2eq (2014)
China GtCO2eq
GLOBAL PEERS

GHG emission levels


1,365 million ton Between 1,145 to 1,272
Japan CO2eq (2014) MtCO2eq

40% minimum GHG


9.843 million ton
reduction based on
Denmark CO2eq (2013)
1990

21
GDP vs C emissions

22
Potential shifts for us to consider as we progress towards 2030
Establish Malaysia as a hub for global Increase share of renewable energy by
technology and service providers to test-bed 2030 towards global benchmarks of
new technologies for power and water
systems at-scale 10 01 between 20-30% to reduce our dependence
on conventional sources of energy

ESTABLISH MOVING
MALAYSIA AS A TOWARDS A
TESTBED FOR GREENER Increase targets on energy

09 02
Build awareness and actively
MODEL SYSTEMS ENERGY MIX efficiency as an energy
engage rakyat and
resource towards 20% EE
communities in decision
savings by 2030 across
making on critical policies TREAT ENERGY households, buildings and
and plans affecting the sector ACTIVATE RAKYAT EFFICIENCY AS
industries
ENGAGEMENT AND AN ENERGY
PARTICIPATION RESOURCE

Ensure that all divisions


within KeTTHA and
across GoM are
08
STREAMLINE AND ACHIEVE
03 Move towards
financial
sustainability for the
sector by unlocking
effectively collaborating STRENGTHEN FINANCIAL value of
to deliver initiatives CROSS-SECTORAL SUSTAINABILITY
COLLABORATIONS underutilized assets
across energy, water + AFFORDABILITY
(e.g., land) to fund
and green technology future investments

Develop a thriving Green


Economy Ecosystem (e.g.,
07
DRIVE INNOVATION
04
REINVENT THE
Incorporate new
disruptive technologies
start-ups, service providers, ON GREEN WATER CYCLE (e.g., wastewater to
technology providers) to TECHNOLOGIES energy, water reuse) to
unleash innovation on new
disruptive green technologies
(e.g., electric vehicles)
06 05
DRIVE ADOPTION COMPLETE WASIA
move the water cycle
from an open to closed
system
OF SMART CITY & AND MOVE TOWARDS
UTILITY SOLUTIONS LIBERALISATION OF
WATER SERVICES
Create right incentives and policies to Full migration to WASIA with full integration
encourage adoption of Smart City and of water and wastewater services and
Smart Utility solutions on power, green assess potential further liberalization of the
technology and water water services providers (e.g., water “IPPs”)

23
Key questions to be addressed

Energy
▪ What should be Malaysia’s long term energy
▪ What are the disruptive green mix for ESI taking into account disruptive green
technologies that can positively technologies?
transform our energy and water
services sector (e.g., ▪ How can we accelerate energy efficiency as a
renewables) and our economy viable and material energy resource (e.g.,
more broadly? What are the risks identifying levers that are economically viable)?
that some of these technologies
pose?

?
▪ What are the potential ▪ How can transform the Malaysia water
synergies that we can capture cycle from an “open system” to a
across energy and water from circular system?
the deployment of green
technologies? (e.g., energy from
▪ How can move towards financial
sustainability for the water and
sludge)
wastewater sector, especially through
unlocking underutilized assets?

Green Water &


Technology Wastewater
PUBLIC SECTOR PEOPLE PRIVATE SECTOR

▪ How do we gradually reduce ▪ What outcomes can we expect for our ▪ How do we create a viable ecosystem
subsidies from the government? rakyat, across both urban and rural to establish Malaysia as a testbed for
▪ How do we better align policies, plans areas? innovative power, green technology and
and initiatives within KeTTHA, and also ▪ How do we activate citizen water solutions?
with other Ministries and agencies? engagement and participation? ▪ How do we improve the performance
▪ How do we build world-class ▪ How can we help the rakyat address of our utilities to ensure world-class
capabilities for our regulators and affordability issues while promoting services, while driving productivity (e.g.,
agencies so they can better stewards of financial viability for the industry reductions in NRW for water, NTL for
our industry’s outcomes? players? power)?
24
Concept: An integrated blueprint to guide our Ministry’s efforts up to 2030

OBJECTIVES

▪ Establish a truly integrated national strategy across


energy, green technology, water and waste
▪ Launch transformation of the Ministry and the energy,
green technology and water sector to 2020 and beyond
▪ Define key priorities for the Ministry over the next 5, 10
and 15 years, and align on investment focus areas and
implementation requirements
▪ Align on clear outcomes and deliverables for the sectors
RATIONALE
▪ Rapid technological disruptions pose unprecedented
challenges and opportunities to the way we operate
▪ Multiple plans, policies and blueprints already exist –
opportunity to align, collaborate and integrate
▪ Ministry strategy needs to be updated in-line with latest
national agenda, e.g. 11th Malaysia Plan aspirations

WHAT IS IT?
▪ 200-page public document serving as a reference for the
Ministry, its stakeholders, and the Malaysian public, with
clear aspirations, strategies and how we will deliver

25
Example of sustainability report card EXAMPLE
2015 2020 2025 2030 2050
Freshwater withdrawal 2% 8% 15% 25% 50%

NRW 37% 25% 20% 15% <10%


Water demand l/d.cap 210 180 170 160 150

Wastewater Recycling 1% 5% 15% 30% 50%


Regional STP 20 100 150 200 500

SAIDI 57 min 40 min 20 min 10 min 5 min


Fuel Mix: RE 18% (2016) 20% 25% 35% 50%

C footprint (ton percapita) 12-13 12 11.5 11 8

EV cars <100 1000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000

Green investment** RM3 b RM20 b RM35 b RM50 b RM300 b

EXAMPLE
26
Water demand in Malaysia, 2015

(1,446.21 m3)

(5,302.77 m3)
(9,320 m3)

Sumber: Kajian Sumber Air Negara 2011 27


Water resources in Malaysia, 2015
Direct Extraction Storage Dams Ground
Total
States From River (Direct) Water

MLD
Johor 1,036 675 n.a 1,711
Kedah 1,391 20 n.a 1,411
Kelantan 265 n.a 211 476
Labuan 71 3 0 74
Melaka 368 300 n.a 668
N. Sembilan 493 371 n.a 865
Pahang 1,159 32 6 1,198
Perak 976 344 n.a 1,321
Perlis 180 44 5 229
Pulau Pinang 971 76 n.a 1,047
Sabah 841 357 30 1,229
Sarawak 1,152 117 n.a 1,268
Selangor, KL, Putrajaya 4,630 181 n.a 4,811
Terengganu 459 194 n.a 653
MALAYSIA 13,948 2,739 254 16,977

Ref: Malaysia Water Industry Guide (MWIG) 2016


28
Capacity of water treatment plants, 2015
No. of Design Capacity Production Reserve Margin
States
WTPs
(MLD) (%)
Johor 44 1,986 1,619 18.5
Kedah 36 1,308 1,315 0
Kelantan 35 500 454 9.2
Labuan 6 101 73 27.6
Melaka 9 639 519 18.8
N. Sembilan 23 994 752 24.4
Pahang 76 1,414 1,129 20.1
Perak 46 1,816 1,289 29
Perlis 4 233 220 5.6
Pulau Pinang 9 1,479 1,014 31.4
Sabah 73 1,304 1,229 5.8
Sarawak 93 1,609 1,268 21.1
Selangor, KL, Putrajaya 34 4,606 4,675 0
Terengganu 12 846 603 28.7
MALAYSIA 121 3,895 3,461 13.51

Ref: Malaysia Water Industry Guide (MWIG) 2016


29
Consumption
State
Liter/Capita/Day
Johor 211
Kedah 223
Kelantan 146
Labuan 168
Melaka 235
N. Sembilan 291

Pahang 187
Perak 236
Perlis 223
Pulau Pinang 291
Sabah 109
Sarawak 172
Selangor, KL, Putrajaya 234
Terengganu 214
MALAYSIA 209
SINGAPURA 150

Sumber: Malaysia Water Industry Guide (MWIG) 2016


30
Non-revenue water, 2015

55.1 56.3
60 52.8
49
46.7
50 34.8 33.3 Natiional
31 32
30.3 30.9 Avnerage
40 25.6 35.5%
19.3 19.9
30

20 Target
2020:
10 25%
0

Operator air (Negeri)

31
Non-revenue water in RM terms, 2015
Jumlah kerugian akibat
Jumlah Pengeluaran Air - SIV Kuantiti Air Yang Dibilkan kepada Kehilangan Air Tidak Terhasil
State NRW% kehilangan komersial dan fizikal
(m3/tahun) pengguna (m3/tahun) (NRW) (m3/tahun)
(RM)

Johor 621,253,223.04 462,123,088.13 159,130,134.91 25.6% 141,921,685.32


Kedah 480,235,681.48 256,082,451.00 224,153,230.48 46.7% 127,555,163.45
Kelantan 165,624,926.00 84,426,396.00 81,198,530.00 49.0% 50,556,873.26
Labuan 25,744,592.00 17,788,946.00 7,955,646.00 30.9% 8,639,931.65
Melaka 175,556,193.05 141,628,347.00 33,927,846.05 19.3% 26,073,182.53
N. Sembilan 276,217,646.77 180,010,275.00 96,207,371.77 34.8% 56,315,618.35
Pulau Pinang 370,286,403.00 296,662,323.00 73,624,080.00 19.9% 37,143,831.20
Pahang 411,814,731.00 194,197,647.00 217,617,084.00 52.8% 142,187,070.92
Perak 460,054,850.76 320,474,686.94 139,580,163.82 30.3% 61,702,265.35
Perlis 80,126,736.61 35,016,579.00 45,110,157.61 56.3% 16,748,978.10
Selangor 1,706,538,647.00 1,160,061,167.00 546,477,480.00 32.0% 384,722,006.94
Terengganu 226,532,803.74 156,366,999.53 70,165,804.21 31.0% 30,180,136.56
JUMLAH 4,999,986,434.45 3,304,838,905.60 1,695,147,528.85 33.9% 1,083,746,743.62
NOTA: "Pengiraan di atas dibuat berdasarkan andaian-andaian berikut:1. Kos kehilangan fizikal adalah merujuk kepada kos rawatan dan juga
kos agihan air.2. Kos kehilangan komersial adalah merujuk kepada purata tarif air terendah bagi domestik dan industri.3. Kehilangan
komersial dan fizikal diturunkan pada tahap paling minimum setelah ditolak dengan penggunaan 32 sah yang tidak dibilkan (seperti
penyelenggaraan sistem dan kegunaan pemadaman kebakaran oleh bomba)."
Domestic water tariff in Malaysia

Statistik
GDP per
Area Population
Negeri capita
(km2) (million)
2015 (RM)
P. Pinang 1,031 1.70 44,847
Pahang 35,965 1.61 30,343
Terengganu 12,974 1.16 26,529
Perlis 795 0.25 21,394
Kedah 9,425 2.10 18,249
Melaka 1,652 0.89 39,853
Labuan 92 0.10 58,577
Johor 19,016 3.61 29,539
Kelantan 15,105 1.76 12,075
Perak 21,038 2.47 25,418
Selangor 7,930 6.18 42,611
Negeri 6,657 1.09 36,699
Sembilan
Sabah 73,902 3.72 19,734
Sarawak 124,450 2.70 44,012

33
Water tariff in Asia

NEGARA RM / m3

Malaysia 0.97
Vietnam 0.89
Thailand 1.19
China 1.86
Filipina 2.39
Singapura 2.84

Sumber : Asian Development Bank 2008


34
Capital expenditure, RMK11 (2016-2020)
Approved Adjusted 2016 Spent Physical
Np. Projects RMK11 Scheduled
(RM) (RM) Actual (%)
(RM) (%)
Projek Bekalan Air Nenasi Daerah
1 60,000,000 5,000,000 0 0 0
Pekan Negeri Pahang Darul Makmur
Program Mengurangkan Kadar
2 Kehilangan Air Tidak Berhasil Negeri 54,500,000 1,909,913 1,909,913 100.00 100.00
Pahang - Daerah Kuantan
Program Mengurangkan Kadar
3 Kehilangan Air Tidak Berhasil Negeri 35,300,000 7,550,000 7,534,883 91.00 95.30
Pahang - Daerah Kuala Lipis
4 Bekalan Air Pekan 89,257,151 1,441,051 1,441,051 100 100.00

5 Bekalan Air Muadzam Shah 85,000,000 3,719,636 3,468,684 100 100.00

6 Bekalan Air Kuantan Fasa 3 170,561,400 18,900,000 18,900,000 96.44 94.06

7 Bekalan Air Raub 87,311,360 10,000,000 8,625,000 99.50 98.50

8 Bekalan Air Karak 45,250,000 4,179,400 4,179,400 100.00 98.67


9 Bekalan Air Lipis 15,000,000 950,000 0 50.00 50.00
10 Bekalan Air Cameron Highlands 14,300,000 2,500,000 0 90.00 90.20
11 Bekalan Air Bera 3,000,000 1,300,000 0 75.00 71.50

JUMLAH 659,479,911 57,450,000 46,058,931

35
PELAN TINDAKAN PENGURANGAN NRW KEBANGSAAN

Projek Perintis Pekan (NRW 50.3%) 7 Skop Kerja:


• RM8.01 juta ● Penggantian Meter SIV
• Q1 2017 ● Penggantian Meter Pengguna
● Penggantian/Pembaikan Reservoir
Projek NRW Pahang (NRW 52.8%) (Tangki)
• RM91.35 juta ● Pemasangan Geographical
Information System (GIS)
• Q2 2017 ● Pemasangan District Metering Zone
(DMZ)
● Pengurusan Tekanan
● Penggantian Paip (Pekan sahaja)

Penglibatan operator air untuk menyediakan pasukan NRW


khas bagi memastikan kesinambungan pelaksanaan
pengurangan NRW (bukan bersifat one-off)

36
Rebranding Key Performance Indicators (KPI)

Tangible KPIs
● Sustainability
● Affordability World class
● Accessibility
utilities/
● Efficiency
● Governance institutions
● Standard compliance etc.

Intangible KPIs Culture


● Teamwork
● Knowledge culture
Barakah
● Integrity, passion Synergy
● Entrepreneurship Paradise
● Happiness
● Taqwa, amal soleh etc

You might also like