Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A 32-years- old lady presents to the emergency department with a painful, red and
swollen right breast. She received antibiotics from her general practitioner five days
previously but her symptoms have not improved. On examination the skin of her
breast is erythematous, resembling orange peel and the breast is tender to
palpation. There is no definite mass or collection and no detectable
lymphadenopathy.
403. Which of the following investigations will confirm your suspected diagnosis?
a) Biopsy
b) Ultrasound
c) Mammography
d) Magnetic resonance
A 9 month old male infant presents to the emergency department following a tonic-
clonic seizure 30 minutes previously. His parents report that it is his first episode
and that the seizure lasted approximately one minute. The episode was
accompanied by loss of consciousness and eye rolling. He had coryzal symptoms
earlier that day but had been well otherwise. On examination: He is alert Heart rate
95 beats/minute and regular Respiratory rate 20 breaths per minute Oxygen
saturations 98% room air Temperature 39.0℃ Clinical examination is normal
except for some redness of his right tympanic membrane.
Respuesta: Se trata de una crisis febril, misma que deberá ceder con el control de
la fiebre, por lo cual este es el tratamiento de elección.
Serial clinical case
An 84 year old lady presents with epigastric abdominal pain ongoing for the
previous four hours. She reports that she is receiving a decreasing dose schedule
of oral prednisolone as management of a COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease) exacerbation. This was prescribed by her general practitioner. Her
medical history includes COPD, however she is unsure of her other medical
conditions and her old clinical notes are unavailable. There is a box of tablets in
her handbag, this contains ramipril, atorvastatin, levothyroxine, ranitidine and
diclofenac. She reports good compliance with her medical therapy. On examination
she appears diaphoretic and distressed, Heart rate 130 beats per minute Blood
pressure 90/75 mmHg Her abdomen is rigid on palpation.
409. Which of the following investigations will confirm your suspected diagnosis?
a)Abdominal ultrasound
b)Blood amylase
c)Barium swallow
d) Endoscopy
411. Whis of the following is the mechanism of action to the mencioned drug:
a)Cyclooxygenase inhibitor
b) Analog of thyroid hormones
c)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
d) Inhibitor of the synthesis of arachidonic acid
A 62 year old man presents to the emergency department with chest pain on
exertion. He reports swelling of his ankles bilaterally over the past number of
months with some shortness of breath on exertion. He has had 4-5 “dizzy spells”
over the past two weeks, one of which resulted in collapse. The nurse reports that
he is haemodynamically stable and has no neurological deficits.
413.Before you examine this man and listen to his chest, what do you think is the
most likely diagnosis?
a) Congestive cardiac failure
b)Myocardial infarction
c)Aortic dissection
d)Aortic stenosis
414. Which of the following studies will confirm your suspected diagnosis?
a) Echocardiogram
b) Computed tomography (CT)
c) MR
d) x-Ray
419. Which of the following is the mechanism of action to the mencioned drug:
424. Which of the following studies will confirm your suspected diagnosis?
a)CT
b)Electromyography
c)Seric electrolytes
d)X-Ray
Respuesta: El estudio para confirmar el diagnóstico de síndrome de túnel del
carpo, son los de electrofisiología, en este caso, electromiografía.
Respuesta: Los signos de flick y Tinel, así como la prueba de Phalen son
altamente sugestivos de síndrome de túnel del carpo. El signo de Tinel es positivo
cuando, al percutir sobre el trayecto de un nervio, aparecen parestesias y
calambres en el territorio inervado por este.
Serial clinical case
A 75 year old man has been admitted for investigation of an episode of bleeding
per rectum. He has been unwell for the past number of days with ongoing
diarrhoea and poor oral intake. He has a background history of hypertension for
which he takes lisinopril 20 mg once daily. He is haemodynamically stable and his
vital signs are within normal range.
429. Which of the following studies will confirm your suspected diagnosis?
a) Colonoscopy
b) Colon by enema
c) CT
d) MR
Respuesta: La colonoscopía es estudio de gabinete mediante el cual, con visión
directa de las lesiones, podremos confirmar el diagnóstico.
A 32 year old man presents with recurrent Crohn’s disease.He has previously
undergone multiple small bowel resections to relieve bowel obstruction secondary
to stricturing disease.He complains of constant discharge from his abdominal
wall.On examination he is stable but is thin and dehydrated. There is a large output
of clear fluid from his abdominal wall.His laboratory investigations reveal
hyponatraemia and hypokalaemia. His white cell count is normal.
444. Which of the following is the mechanism of action to the mencioned drug:
a) Vasodilator
b) Calcium channel blocker
c)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
d) Inhibitor of the synthesis of arachidonic acid
Respuesta: Captopril es un Inhibidor de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina,
La inhibición de esta enzima provoca una disminución de los niveles plasmáticos
de angiotensina II y aldosterona y, por ende, una supresión de la acciones
vasculares e hidroelectrolíticas de la angiotensina II y la aldosterona,
respectivamente.
447. This kind of burns destroy the entire thickness of the skin:
a) 3rd-degree burns
b) 2nd-degree burn
c) 1st-degree burn
d) Electric burn
A 18 year old male is referred to your cardiology clinic after a sports screening
assessment revealed an abnormality of his ECG. He has no past medical history.
He has no family history of cardiac problems or sudden cardiac death. He is an
avid runner, and is due to compete at the European Championships in 18 months.
His vitals are within normal limits and on auscultation of his chest you can
appreciate an ejection systolic murmur loudest in the left lower sternal edge.
a) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
b) Dilated cardiomyopathy
c) Ischemic cardiopathy
d) Mitral stenosis
A 50 year old man is admitted with abdominal distension and bilious vomiting. He
has not passed stool or flatus since the previous night. On examination: Heart rate
110 beats per minute Blood pressure 96/80 mmHg Respiratory rate 18 breaths per
minute Temperature 38.0 ℃ He is clinically very dehydrated. His abdomen is
distended and tense. He has a well-healed scar consistent with a Kocher incision.
Bowel sounds are absent.
a)Adhesions
b)Gallstone Ileus
c)Ogilvie's syndrome
d)Volvulus