Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Health
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Learner’s Material
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Unit 1
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Department of Education
Republic of the Philippines
All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Physical Education and Health – Grade 10
Learner’s Material
First Edition 2015
ISBN:
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
DepEd is represented by the Filipinas Copyright Licensing Society (FILCOLS), Inc. in seeking
permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. All means have
been exhausted in seeking permission to use these materials. The publisher and authors do
not represent nor claim ownership over them.
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Only institutions and companies which have entered an agreement with FILCOLS
and only within the agreed framework may copy from this Learner’s Material. Those who
have not entered in an agreement with FILCOLS must, if they wish to copy, contact the
publishers and authors directly.
Authors and publishers may contact FILCOLS at filcols@gmail.com or (02) 439-
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2204.
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INTRODUCTION
Your Engagement in active recreation, sports, physical activities, and
understanding of health concepts will contribute to your sense of social
connectedness and help you assume greater responsibility through a variety of roles
as you participate in a real world situation. The Physical Education and Health
modules are uniquely crafted to explore your greatest potential and promote lifelong
skills through active participation in the different learning experiences. Emphasis is
placed on combining tactical knowledge that you will acquire, and the development
of skills for a better performance and achievement of the expected learning
outcomes.
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This module is designed to provide and equip you with knowledge, skills, and
habits that will enable you to achieve competence in maintaining your health and
physical condition. The domain in Physical Education focuses on the importance of a
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healthy lifestyle and physical activity through active recreation such as sports,
fitness, street dance and hip-hop dance, while Health Education emphasizes on the
development of the proper skills of a health-conscious consumer, lifelong
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participation in health trends, issues and concerns in health care, and planning for a
health career.
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Each module follows a standard format or pattern with a short overview of the
lesson, content and performance standards, pre-assessment and instructional
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activities categorized into four levels: What to Know, What to Process, What to
Understand, and What to Transfer. Every level provides activities that will allow you
to experience meaningful and varied learning. Your involvement in the different tasks
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can take many forms, ranging from self-reflection and group tasks to beyond the
classroom learning activities. Like any good material, you will also be assessed and
evaluated to ensure that you will have a thorough grasp of the lesson before tackling
the next activity. Your deeper understanding of the lesson will help you gain more
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relevant skills and information, preparing yourself for the challenges of the world.
As you start putting life into this module, you will discover many great
opportunities and learning experiences that will change the way you spend your time.
You need to visualize a better version of yourself and aspire to achieve a holistically
healthy you.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Table of Contents
HEALTH
Unit 1: Consumer Health .................................................................................... 197
Introduction ..................................................................................................... 198
Learning Competencies .................................................................................. 199
Pre-Assessment .............................................................................................. 199
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Activity 6: Doctor Who? ............................................................................. 205
Activity 7: Healthy Places ......................................................................... 208
Activity 8: Garden of Herbs ....................................................................... 210
Activity 9a: Newspaper Ads ...................................................................... 213
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Activity 9b: Think About It ......................................................................... 213
Activity 10: Magic Bracelet ........................................................................ 216
Activity 11: Quack, Quack!......................................................................... 217
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Activity 12: More Quacks! .......................................................................... 218
Activity 13: Brainstorm .............................................................................. 218
Activity 14: A Bad Quack .......................................................................... 219
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Activity 15: Fight The Quack! ..................................................................... 219
Activity 16: Top Five ................................................................................. 220
Activity 17: Your Checklist ........................................................................ 221
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Summary........................................................................................................ 229
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Unit 1: Consumer Health
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Number of Sessions: 10
CONTENT STANDARDS PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
I. Introduction
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Where did you last spend your money?
What item did you buy? Why?
What kind of service did you last avail?
Who recently shared with you a new health
information?
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These are only a few of the things that
concern you as adolescents. Decision-
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making is an important skill that you must
learn in order to live a healthy and normal
life. This module will help you understand
the basics of consumer health. Consumer
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health aims to develop a person’s ability to evaluate and utilize health information,
products, and services wisely and effectively.
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and other printed materials, or from the media that influence our health. Health
products are items that we consume to improve our well-being, like medicine, food,
clothes, furniture, electronics, etc. Health services are programs we avail from various
providers such as physicians, nurses, therapists, health workers, hospitals, clinics, and
the government. Some examples of these health services are insurance, treatment
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
II. Learning Competencies
The learner:
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9. identifies national and international government agencies and private
organizations that implement programs for consumer protection
10. participates in programs for consumer welfare and protection
III.
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Pre-Assessment
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Activity A: Identify the concepts being described in each item. Fill in the missing
letters to complete the crossword puzzle.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Across:
3. Sale of products that are not scientifically proven to be effective; fraudulent
advertisement or promotion
4. Healthcare practitioner who specializes in problems of the teeth
5. Allied health professional who provides healthcare to patients in hospitals
6. Public health insurance mandated by Philippine law
Down:
1. Doctor who specializes in the disorders of the respiratory system
2. Alternative medicine practice where needles are inserted in some specific of
the body
4. Form of quackery that uses equipment believed to cure illness
7. Health maintenance organization; form of healthcare provider that makes use
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of prepaid money to cover medical expenses
A teenager once went to the local market to buy materials for a Science
project. Upon passing by some stalls, he was invited for a free orientation on
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the latest product of a company. The company was selling “health rings” that
can detect the mood of a person and help lower body temperature and blood
pressure. The teenager was easily attracted, which made him buy two health
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rings for himself and his sister. He spent Php 600 for the items.
After a week, the teenager and his sister developed red spots and
rashes on their fingers. Upon checking, the rings are observed to have rust
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around them. The teenager wants to file a complaint so the company may
return his money.
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________________________________________________________________
4. What would you ask yourself before buying a health product to avoid the
same experience?
________________________________________________________________
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Part I: WHAT TO KNOW No. of Sessions: 4
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2. Go around the classroom and ask a classmate to answer each question.
3. Record the responses below.
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_____________________________________________________
b. How many times should I take vitamin and mineral supplements?
_____________________________________________________
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c. What is the best way to make my skin smooth?
_____________________________________________________
d. When is the best time to trim my fingernails?
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_____________________________________________________
e. What is the most effective way to lose weight?
_____________________________________________________
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Health information is any concept, step, or advice that various sources give
to aid the health status of an individual. The type of information varies depending
on “diseases, sexual health, weight loss/gain, drugs and alcohol, depression/mental
illness, violence, smoking, eating disorders, acne/skin care, local clinics, and sexual
assault” (Payne, et al., 2005). The information is critical as it may alter the health
conditions of a person. Another important characteristic of health information is that
it is continuously and rapidly changing. Thus, it “should be timely, relevant, culturally
appropriate, accessible, and delivered in a relevant format” (Galvez Tan, et al., 2009).
There is a great need to update oneself regarding current research and evidence
available in the field.
Activity 3: STOP OR GO
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Read the health information below. Draw a cross on the GO column if it is
scientifically true and proven, and draw a cross on the STOP column if it is not.
GO STOP
Warts are contagious.
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Chocolates cause acne and pimples.
Cracking your knuckles causes arthritis.
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Healthy people who eat a balanced diet do not need
supplements.
Sleeping with wet hair causes mental disorders.
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Jumping from the third step of the stairs on the first day of
menstruation reduces the number of bleeding days.
Circumcision is done for hygienic purposes only.
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Touching hands of people with HIV may infect you with such.
Putting toothpaste on burns causes irritation.
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202
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Aside from health information, people also consume health products. Health
products are food, drugs, cosmetics, devices, biologicals, vaccines, in-vitro diagnostic
reagents, and household/urban hazardous substances and/or a combination of and/or
a derivative thereof (FDA Act, 2009). These products may be purchased from various
places like supermarkets, pharmacies, and hospitals.
1. List five examples of health products that people buy and consume.
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Health
Products
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Activity 5: LET’S GO BACK
Reliable Unreliable
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People acquire health information and products from various sources like
people, media, and technology. It is important to identify the reliability of these sources.
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Reliable sources of health information and products are licensed professionals
who took up specialized and intensive studies in the field. They are the ones who
have the qualified educational background and can give scientific explanation to
validate information. We can also find reliable health information from health books,
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and accredited online sources. On the other hand, unreliable sources of information
and products are those from people who are not experts in this field.
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Aside from health information and products, people also avail of various health
services from different providers.
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I. Health Professionals
Individuals who are licensed to practice medicine and other allied health
programs. An example of a health professional is a physician. A physician records
the medical history of individuals, provides diagnoses, performs medical examinations,
and prescribes medications. There are different types of physicians based on their
area of specialization.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Activity 6: DOCTOR WHO?
What are the different types of physicians?
Match the type of the physician with the area of specialization below.
cardiologist orthopedist
dermatologist ophthalmologist
gastroenterologist pediatrician
geriatrician pulmonologist
gynecologist urologist
neurologist
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2 7
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3 8
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4 9
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5 10
What are the other medical specializations that you know? List them and their areas
of expertise below.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
DO YOU KNOW?
Healthcare practitioners and allied health professionals are also considered
health care providers.
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(Meeks, et al., 2011). Nurses, dieticians, pharmacists, and physical therapists are
examples of allied health professionals.
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Healthcare facilities are places or institutions that offer healthcare services.
There are different types of healthcare facilities (Meeks, et al., 2011).
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a. Hospital
It is an institution where people undergo medical diagnosis,
care and treatment. A hospital offers different types of medical care
like inpatient and outpatient care. Inpatient care refers to care given
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to individuals who need to stay inside the hospital to receive proper
treatment, monitoring and care. On the other hand, outpatient care
refers to treatment that does not require an individual to stay inside the
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hospital.
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b. Walk-In Surgery Center
It is a facility that offers surgery without the patient being
admitted in the hospital.
c. Health Center
The services in a health center cater to a specific population
with various health needs.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Activity 7: HEALTHY PLACES
Health
Facilities
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Types
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C
III. Health Insurance
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`“Health insurance is a financial agreement between an insurance company
and an individual or group for the payment of healthcare costs” (Payne, et al., 2005).
This also may pertain to a “protection that provides benefits for sickness and injury”
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of the patient inside the hospital. Surgical insurance pays for surgery fees. Disability
insurance provides financing for members who meet accidents or suffer from illnesses.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Health insurance may be sourced from both public and private companies. An
example of public health insurance is PhilHealth. As mandated by law in the country,
employees of both public and private companies avail of PhilHealth. It requires a small
monthly contribution from its members. These contributions are saved and used for
the medical care needed by a PhilHealth member.
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Time To Read
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Using a computer with an internet connection, identify at least two other health
insurances offered in the country. If without an Internet connection, you may inquire
from the nearest hospital/medical center.
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Write a short paragraph about each health insurance and its benefits. Cite your
resources properly.
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“Consumers today face an amazing array of choices when they consider taking
action to improve their health or seek care for a health problem” (Donatelle, 2006).
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In addition to health professionals, there are also many other forms of healthcare
that offer alternatives. These complementary and alternative healthcare modalities are
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often taken because some individuals believe that traditional medical care may not be
enough to treat a particular health condition. A complementary medicine is availed and
integrated together with traditional medicine. On the other hand, alternative medicine
is offered in place of traditional medicine.
In our country, Republic Act No. 8423 or the Traditional and Alternative
Medicine Act of 1997 provisioned the creation of the Philippine Institute of Traditional
and Alternative Healthcare (PITAHC), which works closely with the Department of
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Health. The PITAHC is also the law-making body with regards to the effective use
of traditional and alternative medicine. Here are examples of the PITAHC-approved
alternative modalities
Naturopathy
Herbal medicine
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There are 10 herbs that are proven and tested to have medicinal value and
approved by the Department of Health” (Galvez Tan, et al., 2009)
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Activity 8: GARDEN OF HERBS
What are the herbs approved by the Department of Health?
Unscramble the letters to form each herb in column A.
Read column B for the medicinal value of each herb.
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A B
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Herb Medicinal value
1. P L A U K A O C
infections
For non-insulin dependent diabetic
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2. P A M A L A Y A
patients
3. W A G N A B For blood pressure control
infection
8. A S A T N G B A T U G For mouthwash
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9. N I P A S T – N A S I P A N T For arthritis and gout
1. Acupuncture
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parts of the body to affect the energy
flow. Acupuncture is believed to treat
musculoskeletal dysfunctions.
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C
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This procedure is done by placing inverted
glasses that have flames from burning cotton,
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3. Reflexology
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4. Acupressure
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Acupressure uses the same technique
as that of acupuncture. The only difference
is that acupressure does not use needles but
C hands to apply pressure on certain points of
the body.
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5. Nutrition Therapy
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Activity 9a: NEWSPAPER ADS
Using newspapers and magazines, reference books, or credible internet
websites, identify other forms of complementary and alternative healthcare modalities
Procedure:
1. Cut out pictures of advertisements of different complementary and
healthcare modalities.
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Activity 9b: THINK ABOUT IT
In 2-3 paragraphs, write your thoughts about the question, “Why are health
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professionals, whether those that offer traditional, alternative, or complementary, not
present in a lot of rural municipalities in the country?”
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Homework: MY COMMUNITY HEALTHCARE SURVEY
Procedure:
1. Do a survey in your community about the various health services offered.
2. Complete the table with the information that you will gather.
3. Answer the question in one paragraph.
Barangay _______________
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Health Health Facilities Healthcare Plans
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Professionals
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How effective and efficient are your community’s healthcare professionals and
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facilities?
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TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Recall the concepts learned in the previous sessions.
Complete the graphic organizer by providing examples.
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Consumers
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C Health Services
Health Information Health Products
Reliable Sources Examples:
Health Health Facilities
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Professionals Examples:
Examples:
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Health Modalities
Examples:
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Part II: WHAT TO PROCESS No. of Sessions: 1
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Reflection Questions:
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c. Will you buy it? Make a comparative chart that lists reasons for buying
and reasons for declining this product.
There are three major characteristics of health quackery (Schaler & Carroll,
undated). First, it is a big business. A huge amount of money is spent on fraudulent
health products and services. Second, it multiplies and spreads fast. Lastly, it thrives
on individuals who are diagnosed with illnesses that are known to have no cure.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Activity 11: QUACK, QUACK!
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b. Nutrition quackery
Nutrition quackery involves promotion of food fads and other nutritional
practices that claim to be all-natural. These are believed to have beneficial
properties of multiple plants in one product.
c. Device quackery
Device quackery makes use of miraculous gadgets (such as dials,
gauges, electrodes, magnets, and blinkers) that are believed to cure certain
health conditions.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Activity 12: MORE QUACKS!
Complete the table by writing other examples of medical, nutrition, and device
quackery.
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Activity 13: BRAINSTORM
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1. Form groups of five members. Assign numbers 1 to 5 for each member.
2. Each person is given two minutes to answer this question: Why do people
easily fall for quackery?
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3. After everyone has written the answers, discuss the possible factors that
affect people’s vulnerability to quackery.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Activity 14: A BAD QUACK
Physical Psychological
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TEST YOUR PROCESSING SKILLS
The activity below will be recorded under Process. Read the
procedures carefully and use the rubric to improve your output.
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quackery?
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Part III: WHAT TO REFLECT AND UNDERSTAND No. of Sessions: 3
You are faced with health information and products every day from different
people and forms of media. But to simply know the source of information and product
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is reliable (or unreliable) may sometimes be not enough. It is also important to learn
how to evaluate the reliability of the health information and product.
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1. Study the poster.
2. List five questions that you will ask the source about the product.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Activity 17: YOUR CHECKLIST
Complete the criteria below by supplying the missing letters. Use the
descriptions as your guide.
When evaluating health information and products, you must check for:
C__D_B___TY
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__NT__T
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o Does it have scientific basis?
o Does it state the limitations, purpose, scope, authority and currency of
the information?
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o Does it have labels that contain the directions for use and storage,
expiration date and warnings?
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D_SC__S_R_
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IN__R_CT___TY
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Activity 18: GUARANTEED SERVICE
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I am looking for a doctor
who…
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
“Health insurance should cover standard risks of illness and injury for family
members.” (Meeks, et al., 2011). There are two types of expenses involved in health
insurance: covered expense and exclusion. Covered expense refers to the coverage
of medical services that can be paid by the company issuing the health insurance. On
the other hand, exclusions are specific services that are not paid by the issuer.
Forms of health insurance are not all the same. It is important to study the
plan before availing it. Here are some actions that may be taken to evaluate a health
insurance (Meeks, et al., 2011):
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4. Choose plans that give the most comprehensive coverage at the most
affordable price.
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Suppose you are employed and about to be enrolled in Philhealth.
How will you evaluate its reliability?
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What questions will you ask the company? Write them on a piece of paper.
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Activity 20: THINK ABOUT IT
Pros Cons
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3. Write your comments on a piece of paper and be ready to share in class.
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The government also plays an important role in consumer protection. A
consumer has rights mandated by law. These are privileges that an individual is
guaranteed of health products and services.
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The Consumer Act of the Philippines is a law that protects the interest of
the consumer, promotes general welfare, and establishes standards of conduct for
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business and industry. There are 8 basic rights of a consumer according to the act
(Galvez Tan, et al., 2009).
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4. The right to ___________________ This is the right to choose products at
competitive prices with an assurance of
satisfactory quality.
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informed customer.
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of dignity and well-being.
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Aside from the Consumer Act of 2009, there are also other international and
national consumer advocacy groups that advocate for our health.
E D
Reflection Questions:
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Activity 21: GOVERNMENT FIRMS
By knowing your consumer rights, you have the power to report illegal and
fraudulent health products and services. Here are some government firms that we
can approach to report. Identify them.
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O
C
What are other government agencies where we can report fraudulent health
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services?
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___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
Activity 22: I ASSERT!
How do you write a letter of complaint for the purchase of a fraudulent product?
Read the letter.
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Your Turn!
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2015.
PART IV: WHAT TO TRANSFER No. of Sessions: 1
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1. Create your choice of any product in the list on any of the listed topics on
consumer health.
Product Topic
Song / Poem / Commercial Jingle Wise and intelligent consumers
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Artwork / Poster Consumer protection
Brochure Health services
Video
C Combatting quackery
2. Prepare to present it in class.
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SUMMARY
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insurance.
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prescription of scientifically unproven medical treatment and cure. The second is
____________________ which refers to the sale of items that are believed to treat
or cure an individual. The last is __________________ which includes fad diets and
other practices.
C
Under the law, the consumers are protected with rights such as _________,
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________________, ________________, and _________________. With these
rights, a consumer may be able to report incidences of fraudulent practices and
purchases.
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References
Jones, K., Shainberg, L., & Byer, C. (1975). Consumer Health. (2nd ed.). San
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Francisco: Canfield Press.
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Payne, W. (2005). Understanding your health. (8th ed.). Boston: McGraw Hill.
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