DESIGN PHASE

Project Report 2015-16 GSM NOTICE BOARD

3. DESIGN PHASE

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Department of Electronics 23 GPTC Punalur

 4. GENERAL WORKING

As we know Arduino UNO Bootloaded ATMEGA328P controls all operations

in our project. We can explain entire working as segmented individual functional
block diagrams and then as overall.

Let us begin with power supply section. Power supply section generates
three voltage supplies. The output from the 12V-0-12V/1A transformer is
converted to 12v DC and then the ripple is filtered out to get smooth 12V output.
5V power supply is derived using LM7805 regulator IC. The Switching regulator
IC LM2576 is used to produce the precise and stabilized 3.8/2A needed for the
SIM800 module. Also a Zener diode voltage regulated 2.7V/20mA power supply is
used for the TTL logic level conversion circuit.

Arduino Uno always works on 5V TTL logic level. While SIM800 module
works on 2.7V TTL logic level. So a 5V to 2.7V TTL logic level converter is
needed to interface the Arduino and the SIM800 GSM Module.

SIM800, GSM Module equipped with a fully operational SIM card is the
message hander in our project. SIM800 receives the SMS from other mobile
equipment or handsets and stores the message in SIM card memory. Arduino can
read the messages from SIM card memory locations whenever needed .All the
communication in between Arduino and the SIM800 module is done through AT
command sets. Also Arduino can send messages to SIM800 Module accordingly
via AT Commands. The important thing is to provide stabilized power supply to
SIM800 module in all time so that never drop the supply voltage to SIM800 below
3.4V at time. Other vice it may lead to erroneous operation of GSM Module.
Project Report 2015-16 GSM NOTICE BOARD

When Arduino is booted it always checks for the serial data via FTTD pins
up to the RESET voltage rising up to the VCC. In order to load the user program
DTR pin of the serial communication must provide a high to low pulse to RESET
pin.

After the booting initially the arduino executes all the instructions in the
setup function then all the instructions in loop function. All the instructions in loop
function will be executed as in a loop, hence the name loop function. Arduino
initializes a serial communication with SIM800 module at 2400bps.Then arduino
will fetch the Relay status from EEPROM and then it will update the relay status.
Then initialize the LCD to 20x4 in 4bit mode operation. Then it will sound a
welcome tone pattern to identify the booting status.

As Arduino handles text messages only arduino configure the SIM800

modules to receive message in text mode. It will always take around 20 to 40
seconds for SIM800 module network registration and to become fully operational.
First arduino sends the AT commands to GSM Module and then waits for its
response within a time out delay period. If GSM Module acknowledges with OK
or ERROR messages Arduino will take care of further action like resending the
previous AT commands with modified Parameters even necessary.

In the loop function arduino reads the message index (total no messages)
from the SIM card inserted in the GSM Module using AT+CPMS= “SM”
command. Arduino formats the received response text and the extracts the exact
message index number.

If there is no message inside the SIM arduino it will display no message

dialogue in LCD module. If message index number is equal or less than the index

Department of Electronics 27 GPTC Punalur

number of last read message, arduino will never read or process the message. If the
message index number is greater than the index number of last read message
(whenever a new message is arrived) Arduino will first read the message from SIM
module by sending the AT command AT+CMGR=message index and it reads the
entire response including the SMS content. Arduino will find the sender number by
searching the text “+91” and store as sender_no. Then Arduino will find the
password by finding “*#” and by extracting 4 consecutive characters from the
message after “*#”. The real interested message part in SMS, that to be displayed
in the LCD will sub stringed to string indata after trimming in between two “##”
patterns.

If the password string received is the exact password stored in Arduino Then
only indata will be displayed in the 20x4 LCD Module and further processing the
indata for the relay switching and DHT11 measurement.

After authentication if message is “SWITCH ON” arduino will switch on the

relay and update the current relay status in EEPROM. If message is “SWITCH
OFF” arduino will switch off the relay and update the current relay status in
EEPROM. If message is “DHT11_TEST” arduino will read the Temperature and
Humidity from DHT11 and send the results to the sender mobile number.

When the total number of messages in the SIM card exceeds 30 arduino will
automatically deletes last 20 read messages in order one by one from the SIM.
Also whenever the GSM Module receives a message without password/wrong
message format/Wrong password, will not be displayed or processed and will be
definitely deleted from the SIM Card.

User can read all messages in the SIM card by pressing the Next Button.
Interrupt 0 in the arduino is used for the message index selection. When interrupt 0
Project Report 2015-16 GSM NOTICE BOARD

is happened it will increment the message index. In this way all the messages in the
SIM can be displayed in the LCD display. RESET button is also extended for
resetting the Arduino.

In the idle time whenever there is no message, LCD display will show the
last read message. Whenever a new message is arrives arduino will sound new
message sound, displays the new message, process the new message and update
relay or measure DHT11 is needed.

Main Features of GSM Notice Board.

1. Display all messages with format *#4digit password**message**

2. If message format is wrong password wrong or no password never
display or process the message and delete the message.
3. If No of Message is greater than 30 delete last 20 messages.
4. If message is SWITCH ON Switch On the Relay
5. If message is SWITCH OFF Switch Off the Relay
6. If message is DHT11_TEST Test DHT11
7. DHT11 can measure temperature and humidity
8. Also the sender will get back DHT11 test results as message
9. Also user can view all the messages with Next button.

Department of Electronics 29 GPTC Punalur

Project Report 2015-16 GSM NOTICE BOARD

Department of Electronics 31 GPTC Punalur

 5. Circuit Diagram Explanation.

The heart of the circuit is wired around Arduino Uno bootloaded

ATMEGA328P-PU. As like in Arduino Uno Here we used 5V as the power supply
and 16Hz quartz crystal as crystal oscillator. Two 22pf capacitors provide with
crystal. Connector J2 is used for 20x2 LCD Module. Since 4-bit mode is used for
LCD interfacing we are used only six control and data pins to Arduino namely RS,
E, D4, D5, D6 and D7 in same order as in software declaration of arduino pins.
VCC, VDD and LCD backlight controls are other extra pins. LCD Backlight pin
used to turn On/Off the LCD backlight of LCD module.

Connector J9 is used as the FTTD (ISP) header needed for the Arduino
programming. Pin no5 of this connector connected via 0.1uf capacitor to RESET
pin does the trick of uploading user programs into Arduino while working. Resistor
R4 and connector J3 (LED) wired as in arduino Uno for default blink program
checking for newly brought Arduino bootloaded ATMEGA328Ps. A buzzer is
attached to arduino with a NPN transistor BC547 via R3. R20 is used to limit
volume level to an optimum value.

DHT11, The temperature and humidity module is interface to Arduino via

pin D6.R12 is used as the pullup resistor needed for DHT 11 operation. J8 is
connector through which DHT11 attached to the PCB.

Connector J5 is used to interface the main board to 12V-0-12V/1A

transformer. D4, D5, C13 and C14 are wired to make 12volt output voltage. Two
power supply voltages are implemented in our project. LM7805 with D7, C16 are
used to derive 5v power supply needed for the arduino. We are using SIM800
GSM module for our project.SIM800 requires stabilized 3.8V power supply with
Project Report 2015-16 GSM NOTICE BOARD

maximum 2A current consumption in burst mode operation. So we designed a

power supply with switching regulator IC LM2576.The Resistor divider network
consisting of R22,R21sets the output voltage to 3.8V via feedback pin (pin no:4).
L1, C15 and schotky diode D6 are wired to the output pin.L2, C17, C18 are added
for smoothing out the ripples and to stabilize the 3.8V output voltage needed for
the SIM800 module. Connector J12 is used to connect to the SIM800 module. J13
(Vbat) is optional connecter if needed for battery operation. J10 and JJ11 are the
optional 12V power supply output terminal needed for further daughter board
additions. J1 is used to source 5v supply if needed.

Connector J6 (Keys) is used to interface the Push switches with the project.
J7 is used to connect the relay, which is connected outside if necessary.D2 is wired
as freewheeling diode. Q4 is the relay driver transistor connected to arduino pin D7
via R11.

Another 2.8V power supply is implemented using R7, D1. Capacitors C5,
C4 are used to smooth the power supply. J4 is the connecter where the SIM800
module is interfaced to the main board. Pin no 2 of J4 is the SIM800 TX which is
level converted from 2.8V TTL logic to 5v TTL logic by Q2, R5, R6 and R2 and
connected to Arduino pin D4 as input. Pin no 3 of J4 is the SIM800 RX which is
also level converted from arduino pin D5 (5V TTL logic to 2.8v TTL logic) by Q1,
R8, R9 and R10.

Department of Electronics 33 GPTC Punalur