SENSE AND SENSIBILITY

Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®,

GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation

Jane Austen

PSAT is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship
Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT is a registered trademark of the College
Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE, AP and Advanced Placement are registered
trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT is a
registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book
nor endorses this book, LSAT is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither
sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.
 Sense and Sensibility
Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®,
GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation

Jane Austen

PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit
Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the
College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are
registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book,
GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated
with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council
which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.
 ICON CLASSICS

Published by ICON Group International, Inc.

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San Diego, CA 92121 USA

www.icongrouponline.com

Sense and Sensibility: Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and
AP® English Test Preparation

This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005

Printed in the United States of America.

Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc.

Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved.

All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a
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PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the
National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book;
SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses
this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the
Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a
registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither
affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law
School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights
reserved.

ISBN 0-497-25285-6
 iii

Contents
PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR .......................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 1 ...................................................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 2 ...................................................................................................................... 9
CHAPTER 3 .................................................................................................................... 15
CHAPTER 4 .................................................................................................................... 21
CHAPTER 5 .................................................................................................................... 27
CHAPTER 6 .................................................................................................................... 31
CHAPTER 7 .................................................................................................................... 35
CHAPTER 8 .................................................................................................................... 39
CHAPTER 9 .................................................................................................................... 43
CHAPTER 10................................................................................................................... 49
CHAPTER 11................................................................................................................... 55
CHAPTER 12................................................................................................................... 61
CHAPTER 13................................................................................................................... 67
CHAPTER 14................................................................................................................... 75
CHAPTER 15................................................................................................................... 81
CHAPTER 16................................................................................................................... 89
CHAPTER 17................................................................................................................... 95
CHAPTER 18................................................................................................................. 101
CHAPTER 19................................................................................................................. 107
CHAPTER 20................................................................................................................. 115
CHAPTER 21................................................................................................................. 123
CHAPTER 22................................................................................................................. 131
CHAPTER 23................................................................................................................. 139
CHAPTER 24................................................................................................................. 147
CHAPTER 25................................................................................................................. 155
CHAPTER 26................................................................................................................. 161
CHAPTER 27................................................................................................................. 169
CHAPTER 28................................................................................................................. 177
CHAPTER 29................................................................................................................. 183
CHAPTER 30................................................................................................................. 195
CHAPTER 31................................................................................................................. 203
iv
CHAPTER 32................................................................................................................. 213
CHAPTER 33................................................................................................................. 221
CHAPTER 34................................................................................................................. 231
CHAPTER 35................................................................................................................. 239
CHAPTER 36................................................................................................................. 247
CHAPTER 37................................................................................................................. 255
CHAPTER 38................................................................................................................. 267
CHAPTER 39................................................................................................................. 275
CHAPTER 40................................................................................................................. 281
CHAPTER 41................................................................................................................. 289
CHAPTER 42................................................................................................................. 297
CHAPTER 43................................................................................................................. 303
CHAPTER 44................................................................................................................. 313
CHAPTER 45................................................................................................................. 329
CHAPTER 46................................................................................................................. 335
CHAPTER 47................................................................................................................. 343
CHAPTER 48................................................................................................................. 351
CHAPTER 49................................................................................................................. 355
CHAPTER 50................................................................................................................. 367
GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................... 375
 Jane Austen 1

PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR

Designed for school districts, educators, and students seeking to maximize performance on
standardized tests, Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently
assigned readings in English courses. By using a running thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this
edition of Sense and Sensibility by Jane Austen was edited for students who are actively building
their vocabularies in anticipation of taking PSAT®, SAT®, AP® (Advanced Placement®), GRE®,
LSAT®, GMAT® or similar examinations.1

Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of
synonyms and antonyms for difficult and often ambiguous English words that are encountered in
other works of literature, conversation, or academic examinations. Extremely rare or idiosyncratic
words and expressions are given lower priority in the notes compared to words which are “difficult,
and often encountered” in examinations. Rather than supply a single synonym, many are provided
for a variety of meanings, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of the English language,
and avoid using the notes as a pure crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within
context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not
already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not noted on a page, chances are that it
has been highlighted on a previous page. A more complete thesaurus is supplied at the end of the
book; Synonyms and antonyms are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary.

Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-online-

dictionary.org. Please send suggestions to websters@icongroupbooks.com

The Editor
Webster’s Online Dictionary
www.websters-online-dictionary.org

1
PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit
Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the
College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are
registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book,
GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated
with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council
which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.
 Jane Austen 3

CHAPTER 1

The family of Dashwood had long been settled in Sussex. Their estate was
large, and their residence was at Norland Park, in the centre of their property,
where, for many generations, they had lived in so respectable a manner as to
engage the general good opinion of their surrounding acquaintance. The late
owner of this estate was a single man, who lived to a very advanced age, and
who for many years of his life, had a constant companion and housekeeper in his
sister. But her death, which happened ten years before his own, produced a great
alteration in his home; for to supply her loss, he invited and received into his
house the family of his nephew Mr. Henry Dashwood, the legal inheritor of the
Norland estate, and the person to whom he intended to bequeath it. In the
society of his nephew and niece, and their children, the old Gentleman's days
were comfortably spent. His attachment to them all increased. The constant
attention of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Dashwood to his wishes, which proceeded not
merely from interest, but from goodness of heart, gave him every degree of solid
comfort which his age could receive; and the cheerfulness of the children added
a relish to his existence.%
By a former marriage, Mr. Henry Dashwood had one son: by his present
lady, three daughters. The son, a steady respectable young man, was amply
provided for by the fortune of his mother, which had been large, and half of
which devolved on him on his coming of age. By his own marriage, likewise,

Thesaurus
amply: (adj, adv) abundantly, cheerfulness: (n) glee, happiness, ANTONYMS: (n) predecessor,
sufficiently; (adv) fully, well, lavishly, exhilaration, hilarity, mirth, ancestor.
plentifully, richly, generously, merriment, gladness, cheer, good nephew: (n) aunt, grandnephew,
enough, adequately, capaciously. spirits, pleasure, joviality. brother's son, niece, cousin, uncle,
ANTONYMS: (adv) meagerly, ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, grimness, kinsman.
inadequately, illiberally, sparingly, seriousness, misery, resentment, niece: (n) grandniece, aunt, brother's
poorly. uncheerfulness, solemnity, lethargy, daughter, uncle, kinswoman.
bequeath: (n, v) will; (v) leave, give, bleakness, gravity, gloominess. proceeded: (v) proceed, yode.
pass on, demise, entrust, endow, inheritor: (n) beneficiary, heritor, relish: (n, v) enjoy, fancy, love; (n)
devise, transmit, remember, donate. heiress, successor, recipient, progeny, gusto, liking, palate, enthusiasm,
ANTONYMS: (v) disown, withdraw, offspring, legatee, inheritress, enjoyment; (adj, n) flavor; (v) bask,
take. inheritrix, heir presumptive. like. ANTONYM: (n) apathy.
4 Sense and Sensibility

which happened soon afterwards, he added to his wealth. To him therefore the
succession to the Norland estate was not so really important as to his sisters; for
their fortune, independent of what might arise to them from their father's
inheriting that property, could be but small. Their mother had nothing, and
their father only seven thousand pounds in his own disposal; for the remaining
moiety of his first wife's fortune was also secured to her child, and he had only a
life-interest in it.%
The old gentleman died: his will was read, and like almost every other will,
gave as much disappointment as pleasure. He was neither so unjust, nor so
ungrateful, as to leave his estate from his nephew;--but he left it to him on such
terms as destroyed half the value of the bequest. Mr. Dashwood had wished for
it more for the sake of his wife and daughters than for himself or his son;--but to
his son, and his son's son, a child of four years old, it was secured, in such a way,
as to leave to himself no power of providing for those who were most dear to
him, and who most needed a provision by any charge on the estate, or by any
sale of its valuable woods. The whole was tied up for the benefit of this child,
who, in occasional visits with his father and mother at Norland, had so far
gained on the affections of his uncle, by such attractions as are by no means
unusual in children of two or three years old; an imperfect articulation, an
earnest desire of having his own way, many cunning tricks, and a great deal of
noise, as to outweigh all the value of all the attention which, for years, he had
received from his niece and her daughters. He meant not to be unkind, however,
and, as a mark of his affection for the three girls, he left them a thousand pounds
a-piece.
Mr. Dashwood's disappointment was, at first, severe; but his temper was
cheerful and sanguine; and he might reasonably hope to live many years, and by
living economically, lay by a considerable sum from the produce of an estate
already large, and capable of almost immediate improvement. But the fortune,
which had been so tardy in coming, was his only one twelvemonth. He survived
his uncle no longer; and ten thousand pounds, including the late legacies, was all
that remained for his widow and daughters.

affections: (n) bosom.
bequest: (n, v) will; (n) endowment,
patrimony, estate, inheritance,
heirloom, heritage, donation, gift,
allowance, bequeathal.
inheriting: (adj) heritable.
legacies: (n) bequest, heritage.
moiety: (n) mediety, portion, part,
parcel, section, piece, bit, division,
cut, class.
sanguine: (adj) hopeful, optimistic,
bloody, rubicund, confident, crimson,
Thesaurus
cheerful, buoyant, sanguineous; (adj, plunder, possession, activities.
n) red, florid. ANTONYMS: (adj) twelvemonth: (n) calendar year, civil
pessimistic, gloomy, doubtful. year, financial year, common year,
sisters: (n) sistren. amount of time, time period, period
tardy: (adj, adv, v) late; (adj, v) slow, of time, bissextile year, class, yr,
remiss; (adj, adv) backward, dilatory, period.
behindhand; (adj) belated, slack, ungrateful: (adj) unmindful,
overdue, delayed, sluggish. unthankful, unappreciative,
ANTONYMS: (adj) early, punctual, unnatural, ingrate, unpleasant,
premature, speedy. distasteful, displeasing, unkind,
tricks: (n) actions, behavior, thing, disagreeable, not kind. ANTONYMS:
clowning around, fooling, magic, (adj) grateful, thankful, appreciative.
 Jane Austen 5

His son was sent for as soon as his danger was known, and to him Mr.
Dashwood recommended, with all the strength and urgency which illness could
command, the interest of his mother-in-law and sisters.%
Mr. John Dashwood had not the strong feelings of the rest of the family; but
he was affected by a recommendation of such a nature at such a time, and he
promised to do every thing in his power to make them comfortable. His father
was rendered easy by such an assurance, and Mr. John Dashwood had then
leisure to consider how much there might prudently be in his power to do for
them.
He was not an ill-disposed young man, unless to be rather cold hearted and
rather selfish is to be ill-disposed: but he was, in general, well respected; for he
conducted himself with propriety in the discharge of his ordinary duties. Had
he married a more amiable woman, he might have been made still more
respectable than he was:--he might even have been made amiable himself; for he
was very young when he married, and very fond of his wife. But Mrs. John
Dashwood was a strong caricature of himself;-- more narrow-minded and selfish.
When he gave his promise to his father, he meditated within himself to
increase the fortunes of his sisters by the present of a thousand pounds a-piece.
He then really thought himself equal to it. The prospect of four thousand a-year,
in addition to his present income, besides the remaining half of his own mother's
fortune, warmed his heart, and made him feel capable of generosity.-- "Yes, he
would give them three thousand pounds: it would be liberal and handsome! It
would be enough to make them completely easy. Three thousand pounds! he
could spare so considerable a sum with little inconvenience."-- He thought of it
all day long, and for many days successively, and he did not repent.
No sooner was his father's funeral over, than Mrs. John Dashwood, without
sending any notice of her intention to her mother-in-law, arrived with her child
and their attendants. No one could dispute her right to come; the house was her
husband's from the moment of his father's decease; but the indelicacy of her
conduct was so much the greater, and to a woman in Mrs. Dashwood's situation,
with only common feelings, must have been highly unpleasing;-- but in her mind

decease: (v) go, die, perish, pass, pass
away, exit, expire; (n) demise,
passing, departure, expiration.
ANTONYMS: (n) nascency; (v)
survive.
ill-disposed: (adj) unfriendly, spiteful,
inimical, hostile, disobliging, averse.
indelicacy: (n) impropriety, indecency,
indecorousness, ribaldry, coarseness,
obscenity, tactlessness, discourtesy,
gaminess, immodesty, indecorum.
ANTONYMS: (n) decency, propriety.
Thesaurus
narrow-minded: (adj) narrow, petty,
bigoted, provincial, stuffy, fanatical,
dogmatic, selfish, sectarian, rabid,
conventional.
propriety: (adj, n) decency, modesty,
correctness, aptitude; (n) decorum,
fitness, etiquette, civility, grace,
politeness, manners. ANTONYMS:
(n) impropriety, rudeness,
unsuitableness, indecorum,
decadence, tactlessness, corruption,
vulgarity, indecency.
prudently: (adv) wisely, cautiously,
judiciously, discreetly, shrewdly,
sparingly, charily, sagaciously,
warily, frugally, circumspectly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) recklessly,
imprudently, extravagantly,
generously, indiscreetly, immaturely,
stupidly.
repent: (v) deplore, bewail, rue,
mourn, lament, atone, sorry, bemoan,
feel remorse, grieve, be sorry.
warmed: (adj) warmer, warm, baked.
6 Sense and Sensibility

there was a sense of honour so keen, a generosity so romantic, that any offence of
the kind, by whomsoever given or received, was to her a source of immoveable
disgust. Mrs. John Dashwood had never been a favourite with any of her
husband's family; but she had had no opportunity, till the present, of shewing
them with how little attention to the comfort of other people she could act when
occasion required it.%
So acutely did Mrs. Dashwood feel this ungracious behaviour, and so
earnestly did she despise her daughter-in-law for it, that, on the arrival of the
latter, she would have quitted the house for ever, had not the entreaty of her
eldest girl induced her first to reflect on the propriety of going, and her own
tender love for all her three children determined her afterwards to stay, and for
their sakes avoid a breach with their brother.
Elinor, this eldest daughter, whose advice was so effectual, possessed a
strength of understanding, and coolness of judgment, which qualified her,
though only nineteen, to be the counsellor of her mother, and enabled her
frequently to counteract, to the advantage of them all, that eagerness of mind in
Mrs. Dashwood which must generally have led to imprudence. She had an
excellent heart;--her disposition was affectionate, and her feelings were strong;
but she knew how to govern them: it was a knowledge which her mother had yet
to learn; and which one of her sisters had resolved never to be taught.
Marianne's abilities were, in many respects, quite equal to Elinor's. She was
sensible and clever; but eager in everything: her sorrows, her joys, could have no
moderation. She was generous, amiable, interesting: she was everything but
prudent. The resemblance between her and her mother was strikingly great.
Elinor saw, with concern, the excess of her sister's sensibility; but by Mrs.
Dashwood it was valued and cherished. They encouraged each other now in the
violence of their affliction. The agony of grief which overpowered them at first,
was voluntarily renewed, was sought for, was created again and again. They
gave themselves up wholly to their sorrow, seeking increase of wretchedness in
every reflection that could afford it, and resolved against ever admitting
consolation in future. Elinor, too, was deeply afflicted; but still she could

Thesaurus
effectual: (adj, n) efficient, efficacious, suit, demand, desire, invocation; (v) inundated, engulfed, flooded, routed,
able; (adj) forceful, telling, solicitation. vanquished, subdued, subjugated,
authoritative, operative, potent, immoveable: (adj) fast, immobile, overflowing, mild.
adequate, impressive, powerful. stabile, unmovable. ungracious: (adj) discourteous,
ANTONYMS: (adj) ineffectual, imprudence: (n) carelessness, impolite, uncivil, surly, unkind,
incapable, weak, impotent, indiscretion, folly, improvidence, unceremonious, churlish,
ineffective, unproductive, hastiness, flippancy, recklessness, disrespectful, unfriendly, graceless,
unsuccessful, useless. injudiciousness, rashness, haste; (adj, unpleasing.
eldest: (adj) elder, older, oldest, eigne; n) temerity. ANTONYMS: (n) wretchedness: (n) unhappiness, grief,
(n) offspring, progeny, doyen. discretion, forethought, wariness, distress, desolation, woe, sorrow,
entreaty: (n) plea, prayer, request, wisdom. anguish, infelicity, tribulation,
petition, adjuration, supplication, overpowered: (adj) beaten, conquered, affliction, misfortune.
 Jane Austen 7

struggle, she could exert herself. She could consult with her brother, could
receive her sister-in-law on her arrival, and treat her with proper attention; and
could strive to rouse her mother to similar exertion, and encourage her to similar
forbearance.%
Margaret, the other sister, was a good-humoured, well-disposed girl; but as
she had already imbibed a good deal of Marianne's romance, without having
much of her sense, she did not, at thirteen, bid fair to equal her sisters at a more
advanced period of life.

Thesaurus
consult: (v) consider, negotiate, romance: (n) love affair, fiction, story, ANTONYM: (n) brother.
deliberate, advise, refer, discuss, ask, figment, intrigue, affair, tale, vagary; sister-in-law: (n) the wife of one's
reason, look up, canvass; (n, v) talk. (v) flirt, court, exaggerate. elder brother.
ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, bypass. rouse: (v) provoke, excite, arouse, strive: (v) endeavor, contend, contest,
exert: (v) wield, employ, act, use, kindle, awaken, instigate, actuate, struggle, fight, attempt, combat,
apply, strain, operate, have recourse disturb, move, agitate, incite. strain, work, aspire, aim.
to, profit by; (n) excite, energize. ANTONYMS: (v) dampen, thirteen: (n) long dozen, large integer.
exertion: (n) application, exercise, dishearten, suppress, douse, inhibit, well-disposed: (adj) propitious,
endeavor, attempt, struggle, trouble, stifle, quench. friendly, favorable, good-natured,
diligence, strain, labor, pull, essay. sister: (n) nurse, nun, brother, sisters, agreeable, neighborly, good,
ANTONYMS: (n) idleness, inactivity, older sister, mate, twin, pair, fellow resigned, sympathetic, willing,
inertia, relaxation, laziness, ease. companion, double, match. receptive.
 Jane Austen 9

CHAPTER 2

Mrs. John Dashwood now installed herself mistress of Norland; and her
mother and sisters-in-law were degraded to the condition of visitors. As such,
however, they were treated by her with quiet civility; and by her husband with
as much kindness as he could feel towards anybody beyond himself, his wife,
and their child. He really pressed them, with some earnestness, to consider
Norland as their home; and, as no plan appeared so eligible to Mrs. Dashwood as
remaining there till she could accommodate herself with a house in the
neighbourhood, his invitation was accepted.%
A continuance in a place where everything reminded her of former delight,
was exactly what suited her mind. In seasons of cheerfulness, no temper could be
more cheerful than hers, or possess, in a greater degree, that sanguine
expectation of happiness which is happiness itself. But in sorrow she must be
equally carried away by her fancy, and as far beyond consolation as in pleasure
she was beyond alloy.
Mrs. John Dashwood did not at all approve of what her husband intended to
do for his sisters. To take three thousand pounds from the fortune of their dear
little boy would be impoverishing him to the most dreadful degree. She begged
him to think again on the subject. How could he answer it to himself to rob his
child, and his only child too, of so large a sum? And what possible claim could
the Miss Dashwoods, who were related to him only by half blood, which she

alloy: (n) amalgam, admixture, blend,
mixture, fusion, compound; (adj, v)
sophisticate; (v) devalue, mix, debase,
deteriorate. ANTONYMS: (v) clean,
clear, separate.
civility: (n) politeness, courtesy,
comity, attention, propriety,
affability, amenity, cultivation,
complaisance, courteousness,
civilization. ANTONYMS: (n)
rudeness, incivility, coarseness.
continuance: (n) duration, abidance,
Thesaurus
existence, endurance, protraction,
adjournment, resumption,
prolongation, time, standing,
perseverance. ANTONYMS: (n)
discontinuation, destruction.
degraded: (adj) debased, low, ignoble,
debauched, depraved, abject, sordid,
dishonored, corrupted, contemptible,
base. ANTONYM: (adj) good.
earnestness: (n) seriousness, sincerity,
gravity, fervor, devotion, graveness,
staidness, honesty; (adj, n) ardor, zeal,
intentness. ANTONYMS: (n)
slackness, lightness, carelessness,
frivolousness, cheerfulness,
insincerity, flippancy.
sorrow: (n, v) regret, lament, grieve;
(v) mourn; (n) mourning, heartache,
repentance, remorse; (adj, n) sadness,
misery; (adj, n, v) distress.
ANTONYMS: (n) joy, delight,
happiness, peace, hopefulness,
cheerfulness, shamelessness, calm,
content; (v) rejoice.
10 Sense and Sensibility

considered as no relationship at all, have on his generosity to so large an

amount. It was very well known that no affection was ever supposed to exist
between the children of any man by different marriages; and why was he to ruin
himself, and their poor little Harry, by giving away all his money to his half
sisters?
"It was my father's last request to me," replied her husband, "that I should
assist his widow and daughters."%
"He did not know what he was talking of, I dare say; ten to one but he was
light-headed at the time. Had he been in his right senses, he could not have
thought of such a thing as begging you to give away half your fortune from your
own child."
"He did not stipulate for any particular sum, my dear Fanny; he only
requested me, in general terms, to assist them, and make their situation more
comfortable than it was in his power to do. Perhaps it would have been as well if
he had left it wholly to myself. He could hardly suppose I should neglect them.
But as he required the promise, I could not do less than give it; at least I thought
so at the time. The promise, therefore, was given, and must be performed.
Something must be done for them whenever they leave Norland and settle in a
new home."
"Well, then, let something be done for them; but that something need not be
three thousand pounds. Consider," she added, "that when the money is once
parted with, it never can return. Your sisters will marry, and it will be gone for
ever. If, indeed, it could be restored to our poor little boy--"
"Why, to be sure," said her husband, very gravely, "that would make great
difference. The time may come when Harry will regret that so large a sum was
parted with. If he should have a numerous family, for instance, it would be a
very convenient addition."
"To be sure it would."

begging: (n) mendicancy, request,
plea; (v) asking, beg; (adj) beseeching,
entreating, mendicant, imploring,
suppliant, vagabond.
generosity: (n, v) charity, liberality;
(adj, n) bounty, kindness, beneficence,
favor; (n) benevolence,
bounteousness, chivalry, nobility,
munificence. ANTONYMS: (n)
stinginess, greed, meanness, thrift,
thriftiness, avarice, unfriendliness,
bareness, malevolence, miserliness,
Thesaurus
nastiness. comfortable, convalescent.
gravely: (adv) seriously, soberly, sisters: (n) sistren.
severely, solemnly, badly, staidly, stipulate: (n, v) condition, contract,
momentously, heavily, earnestly, agree; (v) set, fix, designate, bargain,
weightily, grievously. ANTONYMS: specify, negotiate, determine, assign.
(adv) lightheartedly, mildly, slightly;
(adj) soft.
light-headed: (adj) dizzy, flighty,
skittish, queer, faint, lightheaded.
marriages: (n) marriage, matrimony.
requested: (adj) demanded.
restored: (adj) new, healthy,
 Jane Austen 11

"Perhaps, then, it would be better for all parties, if the sum were diminished
one half.--Five hundred pounds would be a prodigious increase to their
fortunes!"
"Oh! beyond anything great! What brother on earth would do half so much
for his sisters, even if really his sisters! And as it is--only half blood!--But you
have such a generous spirit!"
"I would not wish to do any thing mean," he replied. "One had rather, on
such occasions, do too much than too little. No one, at least, can think I have not
done enough for them: even themselves, they can hardly expect more."
"There is no knowing what they may expect," said the lady, "but we are not to
think of their expectations: the question is, what you can afford to do."
"Certainly--and I think I may afford to give them five hundred pounds a-
piece. As it is, without any addition of mine, they will each have about three
thousand pounds on their mother's death--a very comfortable fortune for any
young woman."
"To be sure it is; and, indeed, it strikes me that they can want no addition at
all. They will have ten thousand pounds divided amongst them. If they marry,
they will be sure of doing well, and if they do not, they may all live very
comfortably together on the interest of ten thousand pounds."
"That is very true, and, therefore, I do not know whether, upon the whole, it
would not be more advisable to do something for their mother while she lives,
rather than for them--something of the annuity kind I mean.--My sisters would
feel the good effects of it as well as herself. A hundred a year would make them
all perfectly comfortable."
His wife hesitated a little, however, in giving her consent to this plan.%
"To be sure," said she, "it is better than parting with fifteen hundred pounds
at once. But, then, if Mrs. Dashwood should live fifteen years we shall be
completely taken in."
"Fifteen years! my dear Fanny; her life cannot be worth half that purchase."

Thesaurus
advisable: (adj) eligible, desirable, comfortably: (adv) easily, pleasantly, leaving, segregation, dying, rupture;
advantageous, suitable, sound, cosily, conveniently, easy, snugly, (adj) valedictory. ANTONYMS: (n)
prudent, acceptable, sensible, fitting, richly, advantageously, leisurely, joining, meeting, connection,
convenient, appropriate. well, wealthily. ANTONYMS: (adv) Reunion.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inappropriate, uncomfortably, awkwardly, prodigious: (adj) gigantic, enormous,
unwise, imprudent, improper, unpleasantly. huge, phenomenal, portentous,
worthless. diminished: (adj) abated, weakened, stupendous, exceptional, colossal,
annuity: (n) rente, allowance, revenue, lessened, atrophied, belittled, immense, gargantuan; (adj, v)
payment, income, tontine, attenuate, reduced, lower, monstrous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
acquisition, bond issue without fixed attenuated, cut, short. unexceptional, normal, average, tiny,
maturity, annual instalment, annual parting: (n) adieu, division, leave, weak.
repayment, retirement fund. departure, disunion, goodbye, whether: (pron) where.
12 Sense and Sensibility

"Certainly not; but if you observe, people always live for ever when there is
an annuity to be paid them; and she is very stout and healthy, and hardly forty.
An annuity is a very serious business; it comes over and over every year, and
there is no getting rid of it. You are not aware of what you are doing. I have
known a great deal of the trouble of annuities; for my mother was clogged with
the payment of three to old superannuated servants by my father's will, and it is
amazing how disagreeable she found it. Twice every year these annuities were
to be paid; and then there was the trouble of getting it to them; and then one of
them was said to have died, and afterwards it turned out to be no such thing.
My mother was quite sick of it. Her income was not her own, she said, with such
perpetual claims on it; and it was the more unkind in my father, because,
otherwise, the money would have been entirely at my mother's disposal, without
any restriction whatever. It has given me such an abhorrence of annuities, that I
am sure I would not pin myself down to the payment of one for all the world."%
"It is certainly an unpleasant thing," replied Mr. Dashwood, "to have those
kind of yearly drains on one's income. One's fortune, as your mother justly says,
is not one's own. To be tied down to the regular payment of such a sum, on every
rent day, is by no means desirable: it takes away one's independence."
"Undoubtedly; and after all you have no thanks for it. They think themselves
secure, you do no more than what is expected, and it raises no gratitude at all. If
I were you, whatever I did should be done at my own discretion entirely. I
would not bind myself to allow them any thing yearly. It may be very
inconvenient some years to spare a hundred, or even fifty pounds from our own
expenses."
"I believe you are right, my love; it will be better that there should by no
annuity in the case; whatever I may give them occasionally will be of far greater
assistance than a yearly allowance, because they would only enlarge their style of
living if they felt sure of a larger income, and would not be sixpence the richer
for it at the end of the year. It will certainly be much the best way. A present of
fifty pounds, now and then, will prevent their ever being distressed for money,
and will, I think, be amply discharging my promise to my father."

abhorrence: (n) odium, antipathy,
detestation, hatred, aversion, disgust, abhorrent, horrible, bad, painful.
execration, hate, loathing, revulsion,
horror. ANTONYMS: (n) attraction,
adoration, delight, liking,
attractiveness.
clogged: (adj) choked, jammed,
blocked, teeming, thick, swarming,
stuffed, stopped up, overfull,
overcrowded, filled to capacity.
disagreeable: (adj) nasty, offensive,
uncomfortable, distasteful,
Thesaurus
cantankerous, cross, ungrateful, ANTONYMS: (adv) wrongly,
unfairly, unjustifiably, unjustly,
ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant, friendly, unlawfully, sinfully, falsely,
amiable, inoffensive, acceptable, immorally.
desirable, easygoing, happy, servants: (n) staff, suite.
pleasing, sweet, nice. sixpence: (n) bender, coin, teston,
discharging: (n) unloading, discharge, testern.
fulfillment, acquittal; (v) unload. superannuated: (adj) obsolete,
justly: (adv) accurately, fairly, decrepit, antiquated, outdated,
correctly, honestly, lawfully, retired, effete, outmoded, archaic,
properly, exactly, uprightly, passe, overage, overaged.
legitimately, impartially, purely.
 Jane Austen 13

"To be sure it will. Indeed, to say the truth, I am convinced within myself
that your father had no idea of your giving them any money at all. The
assistance he thought of, I dare say, was only such as might be reasonably
expected of you; for instance, such as looking out for a comfortable small house
for them, helping them to move their things, and sending them presents of fish
and game, and so forth, whenever they are in season. I'll lay my life that he
meant nothing farther; indeed, it would be very strange and unreasonable if he
did. Do but consider, my dear Mr. Dashwood, how excessively comfortable your
mother-in-law and her daughters may live on the interest of seven thousand
pounds, besides the thousand pounds belonging to each of the girls, which
brings them in fifty pounds a year a-piece, and, of course, they will pay their
mother for their board out of it. Altogether, they will have five hundred a-year
amongst them, and what on earth can four women want for more than that?--
They will live so cheap! Their housekeeping will be nothing at all. They will
have no carriage, no horses, and hardly any servants; they will keep no
company, and can have no expenses of any kind! Only conceive how
comfortable they will be! Five hundred a year! I am sure I cannot imagine how
they will spend half of it; and as to your giving them more, it is quite absurd to
think of it. They will be much more able to give you something."%
"Upon my word," said Mr. Dashwood, "I believe you are perfectly right. My
father certainly could mean nothing more by his request to me than what you
say. I clearly understand it now, and I will strictly fulfil my engagement by such
acts of assistance and kindness to them as you have described. When my
mother removes into another house my services shall be readily given to
accommodate her as far as I can. Some little present of furniture too may be
acceptable then."
"Certainly," returned Mrs. John Dashwood. "But, however, one thing must be
considered. When your father and mother moved to Norland, though the
furniture of Stanhill was sold, all the china, plate, and linen was saved, and is
now left to your mother. Her house will therefore be almost completely fitted up
as soon as she takes it."

Thesaurus
conceive: (v) think, imagine, moderately, insufficiently. affection; (adj, n) courtesy, gentleness.
comprehend, design, apprehend, farther: (adj, adv, prep) beyond; (adj) ANTONYMS: (n) miserliness, spite,
realize, discover, cogitate, appreciate, additional, more, distant; (adv) nastiness, callousness, cruelty,
invent, catch. ANTONYMS: (v) furthermore, besides, abroad, in unfriendliness, maliciousness,
destroy, doubt, misunderstand, addition, too; (adj, prep) outside; thoughtlessness, sourness, severity,
question, ruin. (pron) another. ANTONYMS: (prep) disservice.
excessively: (adj, adv) immoderately, within; (adv) nearer, closer. linen: (n) fabric, flax, lingerie, doily,
exorbitantly, inordinately; (adv) housekeeping: (n) housewifery, doyley, doyly, cambric, underwear,
extremely, enormously, exceedingly, household, domestic science. underclothes, hemp; (v) muslin.
very, profusely, overly, kindness: (n) generosity, clemency, mother-in-law: (n) grandmother.
exaggeratedly, intemperately. compassion, grace, good will, saved: (adj) protected, economized,
ANTONYMS: (adv) justifiably, graciousness, humanity, goodness, rescued, blessed.
14 Sense and Sensibility

"That is a material consideration undoubtedly. A valuable legacy indeed!

And yet some of the plate would have been a very pleasant addition to our own
stock here."
"Yes; and the set of breakfast china is twice as handsome as what belongs to
this house. A great deal too handsome, in my opinion, for any place they can
ever afford to live in. But, however, so it is. Your father thought only of them.
And I must say this: that you owe no particular gratitude to him, nor attention to
his wishes; for we very well know that if he could, he would have left almost
everything in the world to them."
This argument was irresistible. It gave to his intentions whatever of decision
was wanting before; and he finally resolved, that it would be absolutely
unnecessary, if not highly indecorous, to do more for the widow and children of
his father, than such kind of neighbourly acts as his own wife pointed out.%

gratitude: (n) appreciation, thanks,
thank, acknowledgement,
acknowledgment, appreciativeness,
feeling, appreciate, grateful,
thanksgiving, kindness.
ANTONYMS: (n) ingratitude,
ungratefulness.
indecorous: (adj) indecent,
unbecoming, impolite, unseemly,
coarse, indelicate, inappropriate,
untoward, immodest, unsuitable,
tasteless. ANTONYMS: (adj) polite,
Thesaurus
decorous, proper, dignified, correct, birthright.
decent. neighbourly: (adj) amicable, friendly,
irresistible: (adj) resistless, invincible, gracious, obliging, attentive, benign,
irrefragable, irrefutable, courteous, complaisant, helpful; (adv)
overpowering, overwhelming, neighboringly.
impregnable, indomitable, charming, widow: (n) woman, relict, widower,
fascinating; (adj, v) uncontrollable. adult female, widow woman, war
ANTONYMS: (adj) resistible, widow, nobbled line; (adj) widowed,
insignificant, unappealing, weak. additional; (v) leave behind.
legacy: (n) devise, heritage, wishes: (n) desires, requirements,
inheritance, heirloom, estate, will, requests, needs, will.
gift, leftover, legacies, endowment,
 Jane Austen 15

CHAPTER 3

Mrs. Dashwood remained at Norland several months; not from any

disinclination to move when the sight of every well known spot ceased to raise
the violent emotion which it produced for a while; for when her spirits began to
revive, and her mind became capable of some other exertion than that of
heightening its affliction by melancholy remembrances, she was impatient to be
gone, and indefatigable in her inquiries for a suitable dwelling in the
neighbourhood of Norland; for to remove far from that beloved spot was
impossible. But she could hear of no situation that at once answered her notions
of comfort and ease, and suited the prudence of her eldest daughter, whose
steadier judgment rejected several houses as too large for their income, which her
mother would have approved.%
Mrs. Dashwood had been informed by her husband of the solemn promise on
the part of his son in their favour, which gave comfort to his last earthly
reflections. She doubted the sincerity of this assurance no more than he had
doubted it himself, and she thought of it for her daughters' sake with satisfaction,
though as for herself she was persuaded that a much smaller provision than
7000L would support her in affluence. For their brother's sake, too, for the sake
of his own heart, she rejoiced; and she reproached herself for being unjust to his
merit before, in believing him incapable of generosity. His attentive behaviour to

Thesaurus
affliction: (n, v) adversity; (n) distress, opposition, disaffection, disrelish, unflagging, untiring, inexhaustible,
regret, martyrdom, torment, curse, unwillingness, disfavor; (n, v) energetic, unremitting, indomitable,
trial, bane, misadventure, sorrow, disgust. ANTONYMS: (n) inclination, laborious, unwearying, unwearied.
agony. ANTONYMS: (n) gift, disposition, desire, tendency, ANTONYMS: (adj) idle, feeble,
godsend, solace, blessing. keenness, willingness. unrelenting, weary.
affluence: (n) wealth, fortune, doubted: (adj) distrusted, suspected. remembrances: (adj) abord, devoir,
amplitude, luxury, ease, opulence, heightening: (n) rise, building, respects, welcome; (n) remembrance.
prosperity, richness, afflux, plenty; augmentation, elevation, escalation, unjust: (adj) partial, injurious, wrong,
(adj, n) riches. ANTONYMS: (n) exacerbation, growth, worsening, inequitable, unrighteous, wicked,
shortage, neediness. amplification; (adj) cumulative, foul, wrongful, improper, unmerited,
disinclination: (n) dislike, distaste, ornamental. unjustified. ANTONYMS: (adj) just,
indisposition, reluctance, antipathy, indefatigable: (adj) tireless, assiduous, equitable, rightful, reasonable, good.
16 Sense and Sensibility

herself and his sisters convinced her that their welfare was dear to him, and, for a
long time, she firmly relied on the liberality of his intentions.%
The contempt which she had, very early in their acquaintance, felt for her
daughter-in-law, was very much increased by the farther knowledge of her
character, which half a year's residence in her family afforded; and perhaps in
spite of every consideration of politeness or maternal affection on the side of the
former, the two ladies might have found it impossible to have lived together so
long, had not a particular circumstance occurred to give still greater eligibility,
according to the opinions of Mrs. Dashwood, to her daughters' continuance at
Norland.
This circumstance was a growing attachment between her eldest girl and the
brother of Mrs. John Dashwood, a gentleman-like and pleasing young man, who
was introduced to their acquaintance soon after his sister's establishment at
Norland, and who had since spent the greatest part of his time there.
Some mothers might have encouraged the intimacy from motives of interest,
for Edward Ferrars was the eldest son of a man who had died very rich; and
some might have repressed it from motives of prudence, for, except a trifling
sum, the whole of his fortune depended on the will of his mother. But Mrs.
Dashwood was alike uninfluenced by either consideration. It was enough for
her that he appeared to be amiable, that he loved her daughter, and that Elinor
returned the partiality. It was contrary to every doctrine of her's that difference
of fortune should keep any couple asunder who were attracted by resemblance
of disposition; and that Elinor's merit should not be acknowledged by every one
who knew her, was to her comprehension impossible.
Edward Ferrars was not recommended to their good opinion by any peculiar
graces of person or address. He was not handsome, and his manners required
intimacy to make them pleasing. He was too diffident to do justice to himself;
but when his natural shyness was overcome, his behaviour gave every indication
of an open, affectionate heart. His understanding was good, and his education
had given it solid improvement. But he was neither fitted by abilities nor
disposition to answer the wishes of his mother and sister, who longed to see him

Thesaurus
according: (adj) pursuant, consonant, retiring, hesitant, backward, self- (adj) largesse, gift. ANTONYM: (n)
equal, agreeable, harmonious, conscious. ANTONYMS: (adj) illiberality.
conformable, consistent, outgoing, confident, brash, assertive, partiality: (n) favor, fondness, leaning,
corresponding, respondent; (adv) unrepentant, brave, arrogant, fancy, favour, predilection, liking,
correspondingly, accordingly. approachable. prejudice, favoritism, bias, affection.
asunder: (adj, v) separate; (adv) aside, doctrine: (n) creed, philosophy, belief, ANTONYMS: (n) impartiality,
in two; (adj, adv) in Twain; (adj) loose, dogma, credo, conviction, lesson, fairness, indifference, horror,
distant, adrift, aloof; (v) discrete, far canon, faith, gospel, school. antipathy.
between, free. ANTONYM: (adv) liberality: (n, v) charity, almsgiving; uninfluenced: (adj) plain, genuine,
together. (adj, n) bounty; (n) largess, unswayed, nonpartisan,
diffident: (adj) coy, modest, reserved, munificence, benevolence, unprejudiced, natural, real, simple,
shy, timid, tentative, unassuming, beneficence, generousness, tolerance; still full, sincere, untouched.
 Jane Austen 17

distinguished--as--they hardly knew what. They wanted him to make a fine

figure in the world in some manner or other. His mother wished to interest him
in political concerns, to get him into parliament, or to see him connected with
some of the great men of the day. Mrs. John Dashwood wished it likewise; but in
the mean while, till one of these superior blessings could be attained, it would
have quieted her ambition to see him driving a barouche. But Edward had no
turn for great men or barouches. All his wishes cantered in domestic comfort and
the quiet of private life. Fortunately he had a younger brother who was more
promising.%
Edward had been staying several weeks in the house before he engaged
much of Mrs. Dashwood's attention; for she was, at that time, in such affliction as
rendered her careless of surrounding objects. She saw only that he was quiet and
unobtrusive, and she liked him for it. He did not disturb the wretchedness of her
mind by ill-timed conversation. She was first called to observe and approve him
farther, by a reflection which Elinor chanced one day to make on the difference
between him and his sister. It was a contrast which recommended him most
forcibly to her mother.
"It is enough," said she; "to say that he is unlike Fanny is enough. It implies
everything amiable. I love him already."
"I think you will like him," said Elinor, "when you know more of him."
"Like him!" replied her mother with a smile. "I feel no sentiment of
approbation inferior to love."
"You may esteem him."
"I have never yet known what it was to separate esteem and love."
Mrs. Dashwood now took pains to get acquainted with him. Her manners
were attaching, and soon banished his reserve. She speedily comprehended all
his merits; the persuasion of his regard for Elinor perhaps assisted her
penetration; but she really felt assured of his worth: and even that quietness of
manner, which militated against all her established ideas of what a young man's

approbation: (n, v) praise; (n)
applause, agreement, approval,
acclaim, sanction, commendation,
admiration, permission, appreciation,
favor. ANTONYMS: (n)
condemnation, disapproval,
criticism.
attaching: (n) fastening; (adj) adhesive.
attained: (adj) attains, attaint, reached,
complete, earned, fulfilled.
barouche: (n) rig, equipage, carriage,
break, chariot, drag, landau, mail
Thesaurus
phaeton, phaeton, Tilbury, stillness. ANTONYMS: (n) volume,
wagonette. disturbance, loudness, bustle,
blessings: (n) blessing, godsend. wildness, turbulence, noise, turmoil,
comprehended: (adj) understood, brashness, boldness, movement.
apprehended. unobtrusive: (adj) unassuming,
ill-timed: (adj) untimely, inopportune, discreet, inconspicuous, restrained,
undue, inappropriate, inept, unnoticeable, humble,
inadmissible, disadvantageous. unostentatious, diffident, reserved,
quieted: (adj) composed. unpretentious, subdued.
quietness: (n) quiet, serenity, calm, ANTONYMS: (adj) obtrusive,
calmness, peacefulness, repose, hush, conspicuous, elaborate, flaunting,
composure, quietude, silence, noticeable, loud, brash, obvious.
18 Sense and Sensibility

address ought to be, was no longer uninteresting when she knew his heart to be
warm and his temper affectionate.%
No sooner did she perceive any symptom of love in his behaviour to Elinor,
than she considered their serious attachment as certain, and looked forward to
their marriage as rapidly approaching.
"In a few months, my dear Marianne." said she, "Elinor will, in all probability
be settled for life. We shall miss her; but she will be happy."
"Oh! Mamma, how shall we do without her?"
"My love, it will be scarcely a separation. We shall live within a few miles of
each other, and shall meet every day of our lives. You will gain a brother, a real,
affectionate brother. I have the highest opinion in the world of Edward's heart.
But you look grave, Marianne; do you disapprove your sister's choice?"
"Perhaps," said Marianne, "I may consider it with some surprise. Edward is
very amiable, and I love him tenderly. But yet--he is not the kind of young man--
there is something wanting--his figure is not striking; it has none of that grace
which I should expect in the man who could seriously attach my sister. His eyes
want all that spirit, that fire, which at once announce virtue and intelligence.
And besides all this, I am afraid, Mamma, he has no real taste. Music seems
scarcely to attract him, and though he admires Elinor's drawings very much, it is
not the admiration of a person who can understand their worth. It is evident, in
spite of his frequent attention to her while she draws, that in fact he knows
nothing of the matter. He admires as a lover, not as a connoisseur. To satisfy
me, those characters must be united. I could not be happy with a man whose
taste did not in every point coincide with my own. He must enter into all my
feelings; the same books, the same music must charm us both. Oh! mama, how
spiritless, how tame was Edward's manner in reading to us last night! I felt for
my sister most severely. Yet she bore it with so much composure, she seemed
scarcely to notice it. I could hardly keep my seat. To hear those beautiful lines
which have frequently almost driven me wild, pronounced with such
impenetrable calmness, such dreadful indifference!"--

calmness: (n) calm, composure,
quietness, poise, serenity, stillness,
quiet, silence, placidity, peace; (adj, n)
coolness. ANTONYMS: (n) anxiety,
nervousness, restlessness, panic, fury,
unrest, intensity, discomposure,
bustle, annoyance, noise.
connoisseur: (n) critic, authority,
specialist, expert, cognoscenti,
savant, scholar, gourmet, arbiter,
epicurean; (v) judge. ANTONYMS:
(n) dabbler, tyro.
Thesaurus
disapprove: (v) deprecate, object,
blame, repudiate, censure, disallow,
reject, turn down, refuse,
discountenance, deny. ANTONYMS:
(v) approve, endorse, accept,
embrace, praise, agree, sanction, pass.
drawings: (n) drawing, income.
mamma: (n) breast, mother, ma,
knocker, boob, mum, mammy, mom,
momma, mommy, mummy.
miles: (adj) far.
spiritless: (adj) listless, inanimate,
languid, flat, cheerless, soulless,
dead, depressed; (adj, v) feeble, low;
(v) soft. ANTONYMS: (adj) brave,
lively, happy, decisive.
uninteresting: (adj) insipid, dreary,
tedious, bland, commonplace, flat,
stupid, tame, tasteless, humdrum;
(adj, n) dull. ANTONYMS: (adj)
exciting, fascinating, scandalous,
eventful, impressive, charming,
brilliant, animated, colorful, lively,
special.
 Jane Austen 19

"He would certainly have done more justice to simple and elegant prose. I
thought so at the time; but you would give him Cowper."%
"Nay, Mamma, if he is not to be animated by Cowper!-- but we must allow
for difference of taste. Elinor has not my feelings, and therefore she may
overlook it, and be happy with him. But it would have broke my heart, had I
loved him, to hear him read with so little sensibility. Mama, the more I know of
the world, the more am I convinced that I shall never see a man whom I can
really love. I require so much! He must have all Edward's virtues, and his
person and manners must ornament his goodness with every possible charm."
"Remember, my love, that you are not seventeen. It is yet too early in life to
despair of such a happiness. Why should you be less fortunate than your
mother? In one circumstance only, my Marianne, may your destiny be different
from her's!"

animated: (adj) alive, lively, animate,
perky, spirited, sprightly, brisk,
cheerful, quick, vivacious, airy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lethargic, dull,
blank, lifeless, spiritless, stiff,
unanimated, bored, impassive,
unexciting, dead.
circumstance: (n) affair, incident,
matter, event, occasion, chance,
accident, opportunity, adventure,
casualty, fact.
mama: (n) mummy, mum, mommy,
Thesaurus
momma, mom, mammy, mamma, punish.
mother, wife, lover, mater. sensibility: (adj, n, v) feeling, notion;
ornament: (n) decoration, adornment, (n, v) sensation, appreciation, sense;
embellishment, decor; (v) beautify, (n) emotion, sensitivity,
decorate, deck, embellish, adorn; (n, consciousness, perceptivity,
v) garnish, dress. ANTONYM: (v) awareness; (adj, n) sentiment.
strip. ANTONYM: (n) insensitivity.
overlook: (v) disregard, excuse, omit, seventeen: (n) large integer.
ignore, forget, fail, command, virtues: (n) brawn, sinew, qualities,
dominate, oversee, control, miss. nerve, manner, habit, disposition,
ANTONYMS: (v) remember, notice, custom.
spot, acknowledge, see, accept,
 Jane Austen 21

CHAPTER 4

"What a pity it is, Elinor," said Marianne, "that Edward should have no taste
for drawing."
"No taste for drawing!" replied Elinor, "why should you think so? He does
not draw himself, indeed, but he has great pleasure in seeing the performances of
other people, and I assure you he is by no means deficient in natural taste,
though he has not had opportunities of improving it. Had he ever been in the
way of learning, I think he would have drawn very well. He distrusts his own
judgment in such matters so much, that he is always unwilling to give his
opinion on any picture; but he has an innate propriety and simplicity of taste,
which in general direct him perfectly right."
Marianne was afraid of offending, and said no more on the subject; but the
kind of approbation which Elinor described as excited in him by the drawings of
other people, was very far from that rapturous delight, which, in her opinion,
could alone be called taste. Yet, though smiling within herself at the mistake, she
honoured her sister for that blind partiality to Edward which produced it.%
"I hope, Marianne," continued Elinor, "you do not consider him as deficient in
general taste. Indeed, I think I may say that you cannot, for your behaviour to
him is perfectly cordial, and if that were your opinion, I am sure you could never
be civil to him."

Thesaurus
cordial: (adj) genial, warm, affable, complete, present, sound, strong, essential, ingrained; (adj, v) born.
amiable, friendly, genuine, ardent, confident. ANTONYMS: (adj) learned,
unaffected, gracious, honest; (n) honoured: (adj) esteemed, respected, conditioned, acquired, trained,
liqueur. ANTONYMS: (adj) worthy. spiritual.
unfriendly, stern, cold, cool, improving: (adv) recuperating, getting offending: (adj) opprobrious, criminal,
disagreeable, aloof, reserved, distant, better; (adj) edifying, progressive, aberrant, guilty, delinquent,
rude, uncordial, unpleasant. civilizing, cosmetic, evincing antisocial, scurrilous, errant.
deficient: (adj) wanting, inadequate, progress, helpful, moralistic, rapturous: (adj) overjoyed, enraptured,
scanty, imperfect, short, scarce, less, advancing; (v) improve. rapt, delighted, rhapsodic, blissful;
lacking, low, meager, insufficient. innate: (adj) inherent, congenital, (adj, v) ravishing; (v) ardent,
ANTONYMS: (adj) sufficient, perfect, inbred, indigenous, instinctive, passionate, fond, erotic. ANTONYM:
ample, flawless, enough, excessive, natural, intrinsic, constitutional, (adj) down.
22 Sense and Sensibility

Marianne hardly knew what to say. She would not wound the feelings of her
sister on any account, and yet to say what she did not believe was impossible. At
length she replied:
"Do not be offended, Elinor, if my praise of him is not in every thing equal to
your sense of his merits. I have not had so many opportunities of estimating the
minuter propensities of his mind, his inclinations and tastes, as you have; but I
have the highest opinion in the world of his goodness and sense. I think him
every thing that is worthy and amiable."
"I am sure," replied Elinor, with a smile, "that his dearest friends could not be
dissatisfied with such commendation as that. I do not perceive how you could
express yourself more warmly."
Marianne was rejoiced to find her sister so easily pleased.%
"Of his sense and his goodness," continued Elinor, "no one can, I think, be in
doubt, who has seen him often enough to engage him in unreserved
conversation. The excellence of his understanding and his principles can be
concealed only by that shyness which too often keeps him silent. You know
enough of him to do justice to his solid worth. But of his minuter propensities, as
you call them you have from peculiar circumstances been kept more ignorant
than myself. He and I have been at times thrown a good deal together, while
you have been wholly engrossed on the most affectionate principle by my
mother. I have seen a great deal of him, have studied his sentiments and heard
his opinion on subjects of literature and taste; and, upon the whole, I venture to
pronounce that his mind is well-informed, enjoyment of books exceedingly great,
his imagination lively, his observation just and correct, and his taste delicate and
pure. His abilities in every respect improve as much upon acquaintance as his
manners and person. At first sight, his address is certainly not striking; and his
person can hardly be called handsome, till the expression of his eyes, which are
uncommonly good, and the general sweetness of his countenance, is perceived.
At present, I know him so well, that I think him really handsome; or at least,
almost so. What say you, Marianne?"

commendation: (n, v) acclaim,
applause, praise; (n) approval,
citation, approbation, tribute, credit,
plaudit, acclamation, admiration.
ANTONYMS: (n) disapproval,
criticism, censure, demotion.
engrossed: (adj) rapt, engaged, intent,
occupied, preoccupied, busy,
fascinated, obsessed, thoughtful,
hooked; (adj, v) immersed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disinterested,
bored, distracted, indifferent,
Thesaurus
unconcerned, uninterested,
inattentive, carefree.
estimating: (n) estimation.
sentiments: (n) breast.
shyness: (n) diffidence, modesty,
bashfulness, humility, shame,
timidity, coyness, pudency,
timorousness, backwardness,
timidness. ANTONYMS: (n)
sociability, brashness, confidence,
urbanity, arrogance.
uncommonly: (adv) rarely, strangely,
infrequently, scarcely, occasionally,
exceptionally, oddly; (adj, adv)
particularly, remarkably, singularly,
curiously. ANTONYMS: (adv)
frequently, typically.
unreserved: (adj) open, unqualified,
candid, unconditional, sincere,
complete, expansive, absolute, total,
outgoing, familiar. ANTONYMS:
(adj) qualified, reserved, uncertain,
unenthusiastic, shy, rather, partial,
inhibited, restrained.
 Jane Austen 23

"I shall very soon think him handsome, Elinor, if I do not now. When you tell
me to love him as a brother, I shall no more see imperfection in his face, than I
now do in his heart."
Elinor started at this declaration, and was sorry for the warmth she had been
betrayed into, in speaking of him. She felt that Edward stood very high in her
opinion. She believed the regard to be mutual; but she required greater certainty
of it to make Marianne's conviction of their attachment agreeable to her. She
knew that what Marianne and her mother conjectured one moment, they
believed the next--that with them, to wish was to hope, and to hope was to
expect. She tried to explain the real state of the case to her sister.%
"I do not attempt to deny," said she, "that I think very highly of him--that I
greatly esteem, that I like him."
Marianne here burst forth with indignation--
"Esteem him! Like him! Cold-hearted Elinor! Oh! worse than cold-hearted!
Ashamed of being otherwise. Use those words again, and I will leave the room
this moment."
Elinor could not help laughing. "Excuse me," said she; "and be assured that I
meant no offence to you, by speaking, in so quiet a way, of my own feelings.
Believe them to be stronger than I have declared; believe them, in short, to be
such as his merit, and the suspicion--the hope of his affection for me may
warrant, without imprudence or folly. But farther than this you must not
believe. I am by no means assured of his regard for me. There are moments
when the extent of it seems doubtful; and till his sentiments are fully known, you
cannot wonder at my wishing to avoid any encouragement of my own partiality,
by believing or calling it more than it is. In my heart I feel little--scarcely any
doubt of his preference. But there are other points to be considered besides his
inclination. He is very far from being independent. What his mother really is we
cannot know; but, from Fanny's occasional mention of her conduct and opinions,
we have never been disposed to think her amiable; and I am very much
mistaken if Edward is not himself aware that there would be many difficulties in

Thesaurus
agreeable: (adj) accordant, nice, sweet, lovely. ANTONYMS: (adj) v) respect, value, consideration,
consistent, suitable, amusing, disagreeable, argumentative, account; (v) appreciate, deem, adore,
enjoyable, affable; (adj, v) pleasant, aggressive, antisocial, unkind, admire, count. ANTONYMS: (v)
desirable; (adj, n) acceptable. hateful, mean, quarrelsome, rude, scorn, hate, disdain, insult, despise,
ANTONYMS: (adj) disagreeable, surly, cold. abominate, abhor, dislike, reject; (n)
discordant, unpleasant, nasty, cold-hearted: (adj) heartless, frigid, disesteem, disapproval.
unwilling, resistant, aggressive, pitiless, cold, unmerciful, imperfection: (adj, n) frailty; (n) fault,
repugnant, averse, stubborn, unemotional, stony, cruel, blemish, defect, deficiency, flaw,
unacceptable. coldhearted, hard, unkind. weakness, disadvantage, vice, foible,
amiable: (adj) friendly, genial, conjectured: (adj) supposed, shortcoming. ANTONYMS: (n)
agreeable, benign, complaisant, opinionative. perfection, strength.
sweet, cordial, pleasant, likable, nice, esteem: (n) deference, admiration; (n, knew: (adj) known; (v) recognize, wist.
24 Sense and Sensibility

his way, if he were to wish to marry a woman who had not either a great fortune
or high rank."
Marianne was astonished to find how much the imagination of her mother
and herself had outstripped the truth.%
"And you really are not engaged to him!" said she. "Yet it certainly soon will
happen. But two advantages will proceed from this delay. I shall not lose you so
soon, and Edward will have greater opportunity of improving that natural taste
for your favourite pursuit which must be so indispensably necessary to your
future felicity. Oh! if he should be so far stimulated by your genius as to learn to
draw himself, how delightful it would be!"
Elinor had given her real opinion to her sister. She could not consider her
partiality for Edward in so prosperous a state as Marianne had believed it. There
was, at times, a want of spirits about him which, if it did not denote indifference,
spoke of something almost as unpromising. A doubt of her regard, supposing
him to feel it, need not give him more than inquietude. It would not be likely to
produce that dejection of mind which frequently attended him. A more
reasonable cause might be found in the dependent situation which forbade the
indulgence of his affection. She knew that his mother neither behaved to him so
as to make his home comfortable at present, nor to give him any assurance that
he might form a home for himself, without strictly attending to her views for his
aggrandizement. With such a knowledge as this, it was impossible for Elinor to
feel easy on the subject. She was far from depending on that result of his
preference of her, which her mother and sister still considered as certain. Nay,
the longer they were together the more doubtful seemed the nature of his regard;
and sometimes, for a few painful minutes, she believed it to be no more than
friendship.
But, whatever might really be its limits, it was enough, when perceived by his
sister, to make her uneasy, and at the same time, (which was still more common,)
to make her uncivil. She took the first opportunity of affronting her mother-in-
law on the occasion, talking to her so expressively of her brother's great
expectations, of Mrs. Ferrars's resolution that both her sons should marry well,

Thesaurus
affronting: (adj) insulting. joy, cheer. inquietude: (n) anxiety, disturbance,
aggrandizement: (n) elevation, expressively: (adv) meaningfully, unrest, perturbation, disquiet,
exaggeration, exaltation, growth, eloquently, indicatively, poignantly, restlessness, uneasiness, edginess,
increase, promotion, rise, movingly, vividly, suggestively, trepidation; (n, v) discomfort,
aggravation, dilation, rarefaction, emphatically, evocatively, mobilely, vexation of spirit.
spread. tellingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) took: (adj) taken; (v) receive.
dejection: (n) discouragement, unemotionally, inexpressively, uncivil: (adj) discourteous,
depression, sadness, despair, sorrow, innocently, blandly. disrespectful, impolite, coarse,
woe, grief, melancholy, blues, forbade: (v) prohibit, to prohibit. brusque, curt, blunt, barbarous,
desolation, despondency. indispensably: (adv) needs, by short; (adj, n) rough, harsh.
ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness, necessity, very, elementally, ANTONYMS: (adj) polite, courteous,
ecstasy, encouragement, hopefulness, fundamentally, essentially, basically. gracious.
 Jane Austen 25

and of the danger attending any young woman who attempted to draw him in;
that Mrs. Dashwood could neither pretend to be unconscious, nor endeavour to
be calm. She gave her an answer which marked her contempt, and instantly left
the room, resolving that, whatever might be the inconvenience or expense of so
sudden a removal, her beloved Elinor should not be exposed another week to
such insinuations.%
In this state of her spirits, a letter was delivered to her from the post, which
contained a proposal particularly well timed. It was the offer of a small house,
on very easy terms, belonging to a relation of her own, a gentleman of
consequence and property in Devonshire. The letter was from this gentleman
himself, and written in the true spirit of friendly accommodation. He understood
that she was in need of a dwelling; and though the house he now offered her was
merely a cottage, he assured her that everything should be done to it which she
might think necessary, if the situation pleased her. He earnestly pressed her, after
giving the particulars of the house and garden, to come with her daughters to
Barton Park, the place of his own residence, from whence she might judge,
herself, whether Barton Cottage, for the houses were in the same parish, could,
by any alteration, be made comfortable to her. He seemed really anxious to
accommodate them and the whole of his letter was written in so friendly a style
as could not fail of giving pleasure to his cousin; more especially at a moment
when she was suffering under the cold and unfeeling behaviour of her nearer
connections. She needed no time for deliberation or inquiry. Her resolution was
formed as she read. The situation of Barton, in a county so far distant from
Sussex as Devonshire, which, but a few hours before, would have been a
sufficient objection to outweigh every possible advantage belonging to the place,
was now its first recommendation. To quit the neighbourhood of Norland was
no longer an evil; it was an object of desire; it was a blessing, in comparison of
the misery of continuing her daughter-in-law's guest; and to remove for ever
from that beloved place would be less painful than to inhabit or visit it while
such a woman was its mistress. She instantly wrote Sir John Middleton her
acknowledgment of his kindness, and her acceptance of his proposal; and then

acknowledgment: (n) admission,
acknowledgement, acceptance,
confession, greeting, credit,
allowance, declaration, agreement,
thanks, gratitude. ANTONYMS: (n)
rejection, ungratefulness, oversight,
snub, ignoring, invoice, blame,
defiance.
deliberation: (n) cogitation, counsel,
debate, caution, thought, advisement,
attention, contemplation,
consultation; (adj, n) calculation,
Thesaurus
circumspection. ANTONYMS: (n)
thoughtlessness, carelessness,
impetuosity, distraction, rashness.
inhabit: (v) reside, abide, occupy,
lodge, settle, people, live, indwell, be, caring, sympathetic, sensitive, kind,
exist; (n) habit. ANTONYMS: (v)
desert, vacate.
outweigh: (v) preponderate,
overshadow, overbalance,
counterbalance, outstrip,
predominate, exceed, prevail,
surpass, outmatch; (adj) outdo.
unfeeling: (adj) harsh, impassive, cold,
cruel, callous, merciless, pitiless,
ruthless, numb, insensible,
insensitive. ANTONYMS: (adj)
understanding, merciful, feeling,
warm, tactful, concerned,
compassionate.
whence: (adv) wherefrom, hence,
because, for, why, wherefore, how,
then, then thence so, how comes it,
how happens it.
26 Sense and Sensibility

hastened to shew both letters to her daughters, that she might be secure of their
approbation before her answer were sent.%
Elinor had always thought it would be more prudent for them to settle at
some distance from Norland, than immediately amongst their present
acquaintance. On that head, therefore, it was not for her to oppose her mother's
intention of removing into Devonshire. The house, too, as described by Sir John,
was on so simple a scale, and the rent so uncommonly moderate, as to leave her
no right of objection on either point; and, therefore, though it was not a plan
which brought any charm to her fancy, though it was a removal from the
vicinity of Norland beyond her wishes, she made no attempt to dissuade her
mother from sending a letter of acquiescence.

Thesaurus
acquaintance: (n) connection, friend, insubordination, rebellion, defiance, ANTONYMS: (adj) imprudent,
acquaintanceship, mate, awareness, rejection. reckless, spendthrift, stupid, careless,
associate, buddy, friendship, dissuade: (v) discourage, deter, advise, unwise, unsafe, tactless.
intercourse, companion; (n, v) remonstrate, divert, expostulate, removing: (adj) departing.
knowledge. ANTONYMS: (n) dehort, hinder, repress, reason, shew: (v) demonstrate, prove, show,
ignorance, inexperience, detain. ANTONYMS: (v) persuade, contradict, establish, substantiate,
unfamiliarity, animosity, enemy. encourage, induce, influence. support, sustain, indicate, exhibit,
acquiescence: (n) compliance, consent, hastened: (adj) careless. display. ANTONYM: (v) disprove.
resignation, permission, sanction, prudent: (adj, v) discreet; (adj) vicinity: (n) region, district, proximity,
approval, accord, agreement, cautious, circumspect, reasonable, place, neighbourhood, locality,
submission, conformity; (n, v) assent. chary, economical, careful, frugal, environs, vicinage, area, propinquity,
ANTONYMS: (n) disagreement, deliberate, advisable, canny. nearness.
 Jane Austen 27

CHAPTER 5

No sooner was her answer dispatched, than Mrs. Dashwood indulged

herself in the pleasure of announcing to her son-in-law and his wife that she was
provided with a house, and should incommode them no longer than till every
thing were ready for her inhabiting it. They heard her with surprise. Mrs. John
Dashwood said nothing; but her husband civilly hoped that she would not be
settled far from Norland. She had great satisfaction in replying that she was
going into Devonshire.--Edward turned hastily towards her, on hearing this,
and, in a voice of surprise and concern, which required no explanation to her,
repeated, "Devonshire! Are you, indeed, going there? So far from hence! And to
what part of it?" She explained the situation. It was within four miles northward
of Exeter.%
"It is but a cottage," she continued, "but I hope to see many of my friends in it.
A room or two can easily be added; and if my friends find no difficulty in
travelling so far to see me, I am sure I will find none in accommodating them."
She concluded with a very kind invitation to Mr. and Mrs. John Dashwood to
visit her at Barton; and to Edward she gave one with still greater affection.
Though her late conversation with her daughter-in-law had made her resolve on
remaining at Norland no longer than was unavoidable, it had not produced the
smallest effect on her in that point to which it principally tended. To separate
Edward and Elinor was as far from being her object as ever; and she wished to

accommodating: (adj) obliging,
yielding, cooperative, docile,
submissive, willing, kind, gracious,
friendly, accommodative, easy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) strict, alienating,
disobliging, inflexible, intolerant,
ungracious, unkind, unsympathetic,
uncooperative, unaccommodating,
resistant.
civilly: (adv) politely, respectfully,
graciously, complaisantly, urbanely,
polishedly, considerately,
Thesaurus
domestically, genteelly, obligingly,
refinedly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
abruptly, uncivilly.
dispatched: (adj) fulfilled, finished.
incommode: (v) annoy, disquiet,
disoblige, discommode, bother,
discompose, trouble, inconvenience,
disturb, put out, obstruct.
indulged: (adj) pet, privileged,
cherished, admired.
inhabiting: (adj) inhabited; (n)
commorant; (v) occupying.
northward: (adj, adv) north; (adj)
northbound; (adv) northerly,
northwards, in the north, to the
north.
replying: (adj) respondent, responsive.
unavoidable: (adj) necessary,
inescapable, ineluctable, irresistible,
obligatory, certain, indispensable,
essential, sure, required, avoidless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) escapable,
unpredictable, optional, unlikely,
uncertain.
28 Sense and Sensibility

show Mrs. John Dashwood, by this pointed invitation to her brother, how totally
she disregarded her disapprobation of the match.%
Mr. John Dashwood told his mother again and again how exceedingly sorry
he was that she had taken a house at such a distance from Norland as to prevent
his being of any service to her in removing her furniture. He really felt
conscientiously vexed on the occasion; for the very exertion to which he had
limited the performance of his promise to his father was by this arrangement
rendered impracticable.-- The furniture was all sent around by water. It chiefly
consisted of household linen, plate, china, and books, with a handsome
pianoforte of Marianne's. Mrs. John Dashwood saw the packages depart with a
sigh: she could not help feeling it hard that as Mrs. Dashwood's income would be
so trifling in comparison with their own, she should have any handsome article
of furniture.
Mrs. Dashwood took the house for a twelvemonth; it was ready furnished,
and she might have immediate possession. No difficulty arose on either side in
the agreement; and she waited only for the disposal of her effects at Norland,
and to determine her future household, before she set off for the west; and this,
as she was exceedingly rapid in the performance of everything that interested
her, was soon done.--The horses which were left her by her husband had been
sold soon after his death, and an opportunity now offering of disposing of her
carriage, she agreed to sell that likewise at the earnest advice of her eldest
daughter. For the comfort of her children, had she consulted only her own
wishes, she would have kept it; but the discretion of Elinor prevailed. her
wisdom too limited the number of their servants to three; two maids and a man,
with whom they were speedily provided from amongst those who had formed
their establishment at Norland.
The man and one of the maids were sent off immediately into Devonshire, to
prepare the house for their mistress's arrival; for as Lady Middleton was entirely
unknown to Mrs. Dashwood, she preferred going directly to the cottage to being
a visitor at Barton Park; and she relied so undoubtingly on Sir John's description
of the house, as to feel no curiosity to examine it herself till she entered it as her

Thesaurus
conscientiously: (adv) carefully, dispose; (adj) decretive, dispositive; trivial, minor, small; (adj, v)
thoroughly, painstakingly, faithfully, (n) distribution. inconsequential; (adj, n) frivolity.
religiously, meticulously, dutifully, furnished: (adj) fitted, arranged, ANTONYMS: (adj) significant,
assiduously, closely, diligently, privileged, instruct, carrying worthwhile, major, considerable,
industriously. ANTONYMS: (adv) weapons, equipt, enlightened; (v) crucial, enormous, great, mature,
irresponsibly, hastily. provide, furnish, begone, beset. profound, substantial; (n)
disapprobation: (n) condemnation, pianoforte: (n) grand piano, importance.
animadversion, displeasure, pianissimo, percussive instrument, vexed: (adj) troubled, irritated, angry,
discountenance, disapproval, blame, mechanical piano, percussion pestered, peeved, harassed, sore,
objection, dissatisfaction, disfavor, instrument. harried, uneasy, cross, offended.
anger, dislike. trifling: (adj) paltry, slight, petty, ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
disposing: (adv) disposingly; (v) negligible, immaterial, worthless, uncomplicated.
 Jane Austen 29

own. Her eagerness to be gone from Norland was preserved from diminution
by the evident satisfaction of her daughter-in-law in the prospect of her removal;
a satisfaction which was but feebly attempted to be concealed under a cold
invitation to her to defer her departure. Now was the time when her son-in-law's
promise to his father might with particular propriety be fulfilled. Since he had
neglected to do it on first coming to the estate, their quitting his house might be
looked on as the most suitable period for its accomplishment. But Mrs.
Dashwood began shortly to give over every hope of the kind, and to be
convinced, from the general drift of his discourse, that his assistance extended no
farther than their maintenance for six months at Norland. He so frequently
talked of the increasing expenses of housekeeping, and of the perpetual demands
upon his purse, which a man of any consequence in the world was beyond
calculation exposed to, that he seemed rather to stand in need of more money
himself than to have any design of giving money away.%
In a very few weeks from the day which brought Sir John Middleton's first
letter to Norland, every thing was so far settled in their future abode as to enable
Mrs. Dashwood and her daughters to begin their journey.
Many were the tears shed by them in their last adieus to a place so much
beloved. "Dear, dear Norland!" said Marianne, as she wandered alone before the
house, on the last evening of their being there; "when shall I cease to regret you!--
when learn to feel a home elsewhere!--Oh! happy house, could you know what I
suffer in now viewing you from this spot, from whence perhaps I may view you
no more!--And you, ye well-known trees!--but you will continue the same.--No
leaf will decay because we are removed, nor any branch become motionless
although we can observe you no longer!--No; you will continue the same;
unconscious of the pleasure or the regret you occasion, and insensible of any
change in those who walk under your shade!--But who will remain to enjoy
you?"

Thesaurus
abode: (n) dwelling, house, residence, (n) deduction, reduction, abatement, vehemently, stubbornly, strongly,
place, domicile, lodge, abidance, cut, contraction, rebate, decrement, effectively, convincingly,
mansion, lodging, address, seat. curtailment, declension. competently, admirably,
accomplishment: (n) attainment, ANTONYMS: (n) growth, expansion, wholeheartedly.
completion, exploit, performance, restoration, enlargement. insensible: (adj) imperceptible, numb,
deed, skill, fulfillment, feat, action, feebly: (adv) faintly, unconscious, callous, dull, unaware,
act, acquisition. ANTONYMS: (n) unenthusiastically, dimly, hopelessly, apathetic, impassive, indiscernible,
abandonment, washout, flop, unproductively, unpersuasively, comatose, impassible. ANTONYMS:
debacle, defeat. unconvincingly, uncertainly, (adj) sensible, conscious, sensitive,
attempted: (adj) unsuccessful. reluctantly, powerlessly, insipidly. awake, alive, compassionate,
began: (v) Gan. ANTONYMS: (adv) robustly, concerned, aware.
diminution: (n, v) decrease, decline; confidently, domineeringly, quitting: (n) departure, resignation.
 Jane Austen 31

CHAPTER 6

The first part of their journey was performed in too melancholy a disposition
to be otherwise than tedious and unpleasant. But as they drew towards the end
of it, their interest in the appearance of a country which they were to inhabit
overcame their dejection, and a view of Barton Valley as they entered it gave
them cheerfulness. It was a pleasant fertile spot, well wooded, and rich in
pasture. After winding along it for more than a mile, they reached their own
house. A small green court was the whole of its demesne in front; and a neat
wicket gate admitted them into it.%
As a house, Barton Cottage, though small, was comfortable and compact; but
as a cottage it was defective, for the building was regular, the roof was tiled, the
window shutters were not painted green, nor were the walls covered with
honeysuckles. A narrow passage led directly through the house into the garden
behind. On each side of the entrance was a sitting room, about sixteen feet
square; and beyond them were the offices and the stairs. Four bed-rooms and
two garrets formed the rest of the house. It had not been built many years and
was in good repair. In comparison of Norland, it was poor and small indeed!--
but the tears which recollection called forth as they entered the house were soon
dried away. They were cheered by the joy of the servants on their arrival, and
each for the sake of the others resolved to appear happy. It was very early in
September; the season was fine, and from first seeing the place under the

demesne: (n) estate, manor, fief, feoff,
field, realm, homestead, dominion,
region, land, archduchy.
melancholy: (adj, v) dreary; (adj, n)
gloom, melancholic; (adj) depressed,
dejected, dismal, gloomy, doleful; (n,
v) low spirits; (n) gloominess,
depression. ANTONYMS: (n)
happiness, cheerfulness, hopefulness,
optimism; (adj) happy, bright, cheery,
satisfied.
offices: (n) kitchen, pantry, scullery.
Thesaurus
pasture: (v) graze, browse, crop; (n) dry. ANTONYMS: (adj) exciting,
grass, grazing land, pasturage, field, varied, easy, readable, lively,
ley, lea; (n, v) feed, forage. entertaining, enthralling, brisk,
recollection: (n, v) mind; (n) concise, exotic, pleasant.
reminiscence, recall, anamnesis, tiled: (adj) paved, lined, smooth,
remembrance, recognition, memento, cemented.
memorial, commemoration, memoir, wicket: (n) lattice, hatch, door, grille,
retrospect. portal, hoop, ostiary, postern, porch,
sixteen: (n) large integer. grill, vestibule.
tedious: (adj) tiresome, boring, dreary, wooded: (adj) arboreous, sylvan,
slow, heavy, humdrum, irksome, woody, timbered, densely forested,
lifeless; (adj, v) monotonous, arid, leafy.
32 Sense and Sensibility

advantage of good weather, they received an impression in its favour which was
of material service in recommending it to their lasting approbation.%
The situation of the house was good. High hills rose immediately behind,
and at no great distance on each side; some of which were open downs, the
others cultivated and woody. The village of Barton was chiefly on one of these
hills, and formed a pleasant view from the cottage windows. The prospect in
front was more extensive; it commanded the whole of the valley, and reached
into the country beyond. The hills which surrounded the cottage terminated the
valley in that direction; under another name, and in another course, it branched
out again between two of the steepest of them.
With the size and furniture of the house Mrs. Dashwood was upon the whole
well satisfied; for though her former style of life rendered many additions to the
latter indispensable, yet to add and improve was a delight to her; and she had at
this time ready money enough to supply all that was wanted of greater elegance
to the apartments. "As for the house itself, to be sure," said she, "it is too small for
our family, but we will make ourselves tolerably comfortable for the present, as
it is too late in the year for improvements. Perhaps in the spring, if I have plenty
of money, as I dare say I shall, we may think about building. These parlors are
both too small for such parties of our friends as I hope to see often collected here;
and I have some thoughts of throwing the passage into one of them with perhaps
a part of the other, and so leave the remainder of that other for an entrance; this,
with a new drawing room which may be easily added, and a bed-chamber and
garret above, will make it a very snug little cottage. I could wish the stairs were
handsome. But one must not expect every thing; though I suppose it would be no
difficult matter to widen them. I shall see how much I am before-hand with the
world in the spring, and we will plan our improvements accordingly."
In the mean time, till all these alterations could be made from the savings of
an income of five hundred a-year by a woman who never saved in her life, they
were wise enough to be contented with the house as it was; and each of them
was busy in arranging their particular concerns, and endeavoring, by placing
around them books and other possessions, to form themselves a home.

branched: (adj) bifurcate, branching,
ramous, ramose, divided, biramous,
branchy, prongy, bearing branches,
split, pronged.
contented: (adj) content, happy,
comfortable, quiet, cheerful, smug,
complacent, satisfied, easy, proud,
delighted. ANTONYMS: (adj)
discontented, unhappy, depressed,
unsatisfied, sad, anxious.
endeavoring: (n) effort; (adj) aspiring.
garret: (n) cockloft, loft, attic, house
Thesaurus
top, storey, level, upper story, story, acceptably, reasonably, enough,
dome, noggin, classical Greek. moderately, to a tolerable degree,
parlors: (n) parlour. pretty, to an adequate degree; (adj,
recommending: (adj) adv) somewhat; (adj) pretty well.
recommendatory, commendatory. ANTONYMS: (adv) unbearably,
snug: (adj, v) cosy, trim; (adj) cozy, intolerably, unacceptably,
easy, comfy, tight, close, warm, unreasonably, insufficiently,
secure, homely; (v) neat. inadequately.
ANTONYMS: (adj) baggy, woody: (adj) arboreous, ligneous,
uncomfortable, unwelcoming, bleak, wooden, forested, woodsy,
formal, loose. arboraceous, arboreal, harder, hard,
tolerably: (adv) well enough, passably, lignified, nemorous.
 Jane Austen 33

Marianne's pianoforte was unpacked and properly disposed of; and Elinor's
drawings were affixed to the walls of their sitting room.%
In such employments as these they were interrupted soon after breakfast the
next day by the entrance of their landlord, who called to welcome them to
Barton, and to offer them every accommodation from his own house and garden
in which theirs might at present be deficient. Sir John Middleton was a good
looking man about forty. He had formerly visited at Stanhill, but it was too long
for his young cousins to remember him. His countenance was thoroughly good-
humoured; and his manners were as friendly as the style of his letter. Their
arrival seemed to afford him real satisfaction, and their comfort to be an object of
real solicitude to him. He said much of his earnest desire of their living in the
most sociable terms with his family, and pressed them so cordially to dine at
Barton Park every day till they were better settled at home, that, though his
entreaties were carried to a point of perseverance beyond civility, they could not
give offence. His kindness was not confined to words; for within an hour after
he left them, a large basket full of garden stuff and fruit arrived from the park,
which was followed before the end of the day by a present of game. He insisted,
moreover, on conveying all their letters to and from the post for them, and
would not be denied the satisfaction of sending them his newspaper every day.
Lady Middleton had sent a very civil message by him, denoting her intention
of waiting on Mrs. Dashwood as soon as she could be assured that her visit
would be no inconvenience; and as this message was answered by an invitation
equally polite, her ladyship was introduced to them the next day.
They were, of course, very anxious to see a person on whom so much of their
comfort at Barton must depend; and the elegance of her appearance was
favourable to their wishes. Lady Middleton was not more than six or seven and
twenty; her face was handsome, her figure tall and striking, and her address
graceful. Her manners had all the elegance which her husband's wanted. But
they would have been improved by some share of his frankness and warmth;
and her visit was long enough to detract something from their first admiration,

Thesaurus
affixed: (adj) additional. derogate, deprecate, traduce, ladyship: (n) madam.
basket: (n) cage, hamper, basketful, disparage, lose, cut, slander, subtract, perseverance: (n) endurance, tenacity,
creel, Corf, coop, bucket, spinner damage. ANTONYMS: (v) increase, resolution, constancy, fortitude,
basket, bassinet, containerful, cradle. heighten, enhance. assiduity, industry, doggedness,
cordially: (adv) warmly, genially, frankness: (n) honesty, truth, firmness, persistence, determination.
kindly, sincerely, heartfeltly, forthrightness, candidness, freedom, ANTONYMS: (n) vacillation,
ardently, friendly, jovially, earnestly, sincerity, candour, plainness, cowardice, indecision, indifference.
affectionately, harmoniously. bluffness, outspokenness, solicitude: (n) care, consideration,
ANTONYMS: (adv) disagreeably, ingenuousness. ANTONYMS: (n) anxiety, thought, apprehension,
frostily. cunning, tact, delicacy, deceit, regard, attention, fear, disquietude,
denoting: (adj) significant. conformity, reticence, indirectness, heed, fret. ANTONYMS: (n)
detract: (v) depreciate, defame, evasiveness. negligence, serenity, thoughtlessness.
34 Sense and Sensibility

by shewing that, though perfectly well-bred, she was reserved, cold, and had
nothing to say for herself beyond the most common-place inquiry or remark.%
Conversation however was not wanted, for Sir John was very chatty, and
Lady Middleton had taken the wise precaution of bringing with her their eldest
child, a fine little boy about six years old, by which means there was one subject
always to be recurred to by the ladies in case of extremity, for they had to
enquire his name and age, admire his beauty, and ask him questions which his
mother answered for him, while he hung about her and held down his head, to
the great surprise of her ladyship, who wondered at his being so shy before
company, as he could make noise enough at home. On every formal visit a child
ought to be of the party, by way of provision for discourse. In the present case it
took up ten minutes to determine whether the boy were most like his father or
mother, and in what particular he resembled either, for of course every body
differed, and every body was astonished at the opinion of the others.
An opportunity was soon to be given to the Dashwoods of debating on the
rest of the children, as Sir John would not leave the house without securing their
promise of dining at the park the next day.

astonished: (adj) astonish,
dumbfounded, flabbergasted,
stunned, aghast, bewildered,
astounded, taken aback,
thunderstruck, astonied; (v) amaze.
chatty: (adj) gabby, garrulous,
loquacious, familiar, informal,
communicative, gossipy, voluble,
talky, conversable, expansive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) taciturn, quiet,
formal, silent, laconic, reticent,
restrained, reserved.
Thesaurus
dining: (n) feeding, eating; (v) eat.
enquire: (v) ask, consult, query,
question, inquiring, enquiringly,
investigate, inquire, enquiring,
inquiringly, intercommunicate.
extremity: (n) end, member,
boundary, bound, close, appendage,
limit, limb, ending, fringe,
conclusion. ANTONYMS: (n) trunk,
average, minimum, head, leniency.
hung: (n) hanging; (v) Heng; (adj)
fatigued, puzzled, decorated.
precaution: (n) foresight, care,
prevention, discretion, anticipation,
caution, circumspection, prudence,
safeguard, protection; (adj)
precautionary.
securing: (adj) protective; (n)
acquisition, attainment, capture,
collection, deed, acceptance.
well-bred: (adj) courteous, mannerly,
urbane, civil, genteel, gentlemanly,
refined, nice, sophisticated,
thoughtful, debonair.
 Jane Austen 35

CHAPTER %7

Barton Park was about half a mile from the cottage. The ladies had passed
near it in their way along the valley, but it was screened from their view at home
by the projection of a hill. The house was large and handsome; and the
Middletons lived in a style of equal hospitality and elegance. The former was for
Sir John's gratification, the latter for that of his lady. They were scarcely ever
without some friends staying with them in the house, and they kept more
company of every kind than any other family in the neighbourhood. It was
necessary to the happiness of both; for however dissimilar in temper and
outward behaviour, they strongly resembled each other in that total want of
talent and taste which confined their employments, unconnected with such as
society produced, within a very narrow compass. Sir John was a sportsman,
Lady Middleton a mother. He hunted and shot, and she humoured her children;
and these were their only resources. Lady Middleton had the advantage of being
able to spoil her children all the year round, while Sir John's independent
employments were in existence only half the time. Continual engagements at
home and abroad, however, supplied all the deficiencies of nature and
education; supported the good spirits of Sir John, and gave exercise to the good
breeding of his wife.
Lady Middleton piqued herself upon the elegance of her table, and of all her
domestic arrangements; and from this kind of vanity was her greatest enjoyment

dissimilar: (adj) different, disparate,
diverse, heterogeneous, unlike,
divergent, distinct, not like, not
similar, unequal, separate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) similar, like, alike,
equal, matched, same, uniform,
indistinct.
engagements: (n) arrangements,
actions, activities, schedule, travels,
movements.
gratification: (adj, n) delight; (n, v)
content; (n) enjoyment, pleasure,
Thesaurus
satisfaction, fruition, complacency, unconcerned.
joy, luxury, treat, fulfillment. sportsman: (n) athlete, shikari, player,
ANTONYMS: (n) dissatisfaction, jock, sportswoman, fisherman,
disenchantment, dismay, discontent, huntsman, gamester, play, hunter,
anxiety. reveler.
hunted: (adj) coursed, afraid, wanted, unconnected: (adj) detached,
required, sought, sought after; (n) disjointed, incoherent, unrelated,
victim. illogical, confused, irrelevant,
piqued: (adj) irritated, irate, hurt, incongruous; (adj, prep) separate,
irked, intoxicated, indignant, up in separated; (v) unattached.
arms, in a huff, offended, huffy, ANTONYMS: (adj) attached,
excited. ANTONYM: (adj) pertinent, relevant, together.
36 Sense and Sensibility

in any of their parties. But Sir John's satisfaction in society was much more real;
he delighted in collecting about him more young people than his house would
hold, and the noisier they were the better was he pleased. He was a blessing to
all the juvenile part of the neighbourhood, for in summer he was for ever
forming parties to eat cold ham and chicken out of doors, and in winter his
private balls were numerous enough for any young lady who was not suffering
under the unsatiable appetite of fifteen.%
The arrival of a new family in the country was always a matter of joy to him,
and in every point of view he was charmed with the inhabitants he had now
procured for his cottage at Barton. The Miss Dashwoods were young, pretty,
and unaffected. It was enough to secure his good opinion; for to be unaffected
was all that a pretty girl could want to make her mind as captivating as her
person. The friendliness of his disposition made him happy in accommodating
those, whose situation might be considered, in comparison with the past, as
unfortunate. In showing kindness to his cousins therefore he had the real
satisfaction of a good heart; and in settling a family of females only in his cottage,
he had all the satisfaction of a sportsman; for a sportsman, though he esteems
only those of his sex who are sportsmen likewise, is not often desirous of
encouraging their taste by admitting them to a residence within his own manor.
Mrs. Dashwood and her daughters were met at the door of the house by Sir
John, who welcomed them to Barton Park with unaffected sincerity; and as he
attended them to the drawing room repeated to the young ladies the concern
which the same subject had drawn from him the day before, at being unable to
get any smart young men to meet them. They would see, he said, only one
gentleman there besides himself; a particular friend who was staying at the park,
but who was neither very young nor very gay. He hoped they would all excuse
the smallness of the party, and could assure them it should never happen so
again. He had been to several families that morning in hopes of procuring some
addition to their number, but it was moonlight and every body was full of
engagements. Luckily Lady Middleton's mother had arrived at Barton within the
last hour, and as she was a very cheerful agreeable woman, he hoped the young

captivating: (adj, v) enchanting,
charming, engaging; (adj) attractive,
absorbing, alluring, bewitching,
delightful, engrossing, lovely,
enthralling. ANTONYMS: (adj)
repellent, boring, unpleasant,
unappealing, forgettable, annoying.
charmed: (adj) enchanted, delighted,
fascinated, spellbound, entranced,
captive, beguiled, infatuated,
absorbed, enamored, captive hours.
desirous: (adj) wistful, avid,
Thesaurus
ambitious, greedy, longing, eager,
hungry, covetous, envious, agog; (adj,
v) willing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
undesirous, reluctant, undesiring,
unconcerned.
procuring: (v) procure.
sincerity: (adj, n) candor, honesty,
integrity, probity, faithfulness; (n)
earnestness, heartiness, genuineness,
candour, frankness, cordiality.
ANTONYMS: (n) dishonesty,
hypocrisy, flippancy, frivolity,
affectedness, caution, reticence,
deceit, doubt.
smallness: (n) diminutiveness,
minuteness, slightness, puniness,
insignificance, scantiness, delicacy,
scantness, narrowness; (adj)
meagerness, slenderness.
ANTONYM: (n) tallness.
unsatiable: (adj) insatiate, insatiable,
unsated, unquenchable, quenchless,
unsatisfied, unsatisfiable.
ANTONYM: (adj) satiate.
 Jane Austen 37

ladies would not find it so very dull as they might imagine. The young ladies, as
well as their mother, were perfectly satisfied with having two entire strangers of
the party, and wished for no more.%
Mrs. Jennings, Lady Middleton's mother, was a good-humoured, merry, fat,
elderly woman, who talked a great deal, seemed very happy, and rather vulgar.
She was full of jokes and laughter, and before dinner was over had said many
witty things on the subject of lovers and husbands; hoped they had not left their
hearts behind them in Sussex, and pretended to see them blush whether they did
or not. Marianne was vexed at it for her sister's sake, and turned her eyes
towards Elinor to see how she bore these attacks, with an earnestness which gave
Elinor far more pain than could arise from such common-place raillery as Mrs.
Jennings's.
Colonel Brandon, the friend of Sir John, seemed no more adapted by
resemblance of manner to be his friend, than Lady Middleton was to be his wife,
or Mrs. Jennings to be Lady Middleton's mother. He was silent and grave. His
appearance however was not unpleasing, in spite of his being in the opinion of
Marianne and Margaret an absolute old bachelor, for he was on the wrong side
of five and thirty; but though his face was not handsome, his countenance was
sensible, and his address was particularly gentlemanlike.
There was nothing in any of the party which could recommend them as
companions to the Dashwoods; but the cold insipidity of Lady Middleton was so
particularly repulsive, that in comparison of it the gravity of Colonel Brandon,
and even the boisterous mirth of Sir John and his mother-in-law was interesting.
Lady Middleton seemed to be roused to enjoyment only by the entrance of her
four noisy children after dinner, who pulled her about, tore her clothes, and put
an end to every kind of discourse except what related to themselves.
In the evening, as Marianne was discovered to be musical, she was invited to
play. The instrument was unlocked, every body prepared to be charmed, and
Marianne, who sang very well, at their request went through the chief of the
songs which Lady Middleton had brought into the family on her marriage, and
which perhaps had lain ever since in the same position on the pianoforte, for her

boisterous: (adj, n) rough; (adj) furious,
loud, noisy, fierce, raucous, wild,
rude, vociferous; (adj, v)
tempestuous, rampant. ANTONYMS:
(adj) restrained, orderly, calm,
dignified, silent, tranquil, gentle,
placid.
gentlemanlike: (n) genteel, comme il
faut; (adj) urbane, gentle, refined,
courtly, chivalrous.
insipidity: (n) flatness, insipidness,
blandness, insulsity, jargon,
Thesaurus
platitude, depression, dejection, hideous, loathsome, abhorrent; (adj,
boredom, idiocy. v) abominable, hateful, obnoxious.
mirth: (adj, n) merriment, jollity; (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant,
amusement, happiness, delight, joy, delightful, desirable, reputable,
hilarity, cheerfulness, festivity, lovely, lovable, humane, appealing,
gladness, exhilaration. ANTONYMS: laudable.
(n) gloom, sadness, misery. strangers: (n) stranger.
raillery: (n) mockery, joke, irony, quiz, tore: (v) tare; (n) moulding, molding.
persiflage, derision, ridicule, unpleasing: (adj) displeasing,
pleasantry, tease, jest, badinage. graceless, ungracious, unpleasant,
repulsive: (adj) offensive, detestable, disagreeable, wicked, not grateful,
ugly, disagreeable, nauseous, offensive, perturbed, restless, stiff.
38 Sense and Sensibility

ladyship had celebrated that event by giving up music, although by her mother's
account, she had played extremely well, and by her own was very fond of it.%
Marianne's performance was highly applauded. Sir John was loud in his
admiration at the end of every song, and as loud in his conversation with the
others while every song lasted. Lady Middleton frequently called him to order,
wondered how any one's attention could be diverted from music for a moment,
and asked Marianne to sing a particular song which Marianne had just finished.
Colonel Brandon alone, of all the party, heard her without being in raptures. He
paid her only the compliment of attention; and she felt a respect for him on the
occasion, which the others had reasonably forfeited by their shameless want of
taste. His pleasure in music, though it amounted not to that ecstatic delight
which alone could sympathize with her own, was estimable when contrasted
against the horrible insensibility of the others; and she was reasonable enough
to allow that a man of five and thirty might well have outlived all acuteness of
feeling and every exquisite power of enjoyment. She was perfectly disposed to
make every allowance for the colonel's advanced state of life which humanity
required.

acuteness: (n) acuity, sharpness,
acumen, discrimination, gravity,
insight, sensitivity, perspicacity,
penetration, keenness, intensity.
ANTONYMS: (n) faintness,
insignificance, dullness.
estimable: (adj) creditable, reputable,
valuable, admirable, respectable,
computable, honorable, good; (adj, n)
worthy, meritorious, deserving.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dishonorable,
disliked, disregarded, disreputable,
Thesaurus
disrespected, scorned, contemptible,
lamentable, unimpressive.
forfeited: (adj) forfeit, lost,
disfranchised, confiscated,
appropriated, condemned.
heard: (n) hearing.
insensibility: (n) callousness,
hardness, indifference, dullness,
stupidity, stupor, impassiveness,
coma, physical insensibility,
impassivity, trance.
shameless: (adj) bold, immodest,
profligate, depraved, audacious,
blatant, barefaced, unscrupulous,
impudent, unblushing; (adj, v)
graceless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
restrained, abashed, ashamed,
discreet, prudish, apologetic.
sympathize: (v) pity, understand,
condole, compassionate, feel,
sympathise, identify with, empathize,
have compassion, feel sorry for, feel
for. ANTONYMS: (v) disapprove,
disregard.
 Jane Austen 39

CHAPTER %8

Mrs. Jennings was a widow with an ample jointure. She had only two
daughters, both of whom she had lived to see respectably married, and she had
now therefore nothing to do but to marry all the rest of the world. In the
promotion of this object she was zealously active, as far as her ability reached;
and missed no opportunity of projecting weddings among all the young people
of her acquaintance. She was remarkably quick in the discovery of attachments,
and had enjoyed the advantage of raising the blushes and the vanity of many a
young lady by insinuations of her power over such a young man; and this kind
of discernment enabled her soon after her arrival at Barton decisively to
pronounce that Colonel Brandon was very much in love with Marianne
Dashwood. She rather suspected it to be so, on the very first evening of their
being together, from his listening so attentively while she sang to them; and
when the visit was returned by the Middletons' dining at the cottage, the fact
was ascertained by his listening to her again. It must be so. She was perfectly
convinced of it. It would be an excellent match, for he was rich, and she was
handsome. Mrs. Jennings had been anxious to see Colonel Brandon well
married, ever since her connection with Sir John first brought him to her
knowledge; and she was always anxious to get a good husband for every pretty
girl.

Thesaurus
ascertained: (adj) discovered, discernment: (n, v) appreciation, respectably: (adv) creditably, decently,
determined; (v) absolute, recognized, sense, apprehension; (n) honorably, properly, appropriately,
received, noted, notorious, decisive, comprehension, discretion, taste, admirably, commendably,
unmistakable, unequivocal, positive. understanding, insight, decorously, fitly, justly, becomingly.
attachments: (n) equipment. discrimination, perception, ANTONYMS: (adv) indecently,
attentively: (adv) carefully, mindfully, recognition. ANTONYMS: (n) disreputably, dishonorably.
watchfully, observantly, heedfully, ignorance, tastelessness, zealously: (adv) ardently, keenly,
vigilantly, cautiously, considerately, uncouthness, clumsiness. heartily, vehemently, fervently,
diligently, alertly, obligingly. jointure: (n) dower, join, union, earnestly, passionately, actively,
ANTONYMS: (adv) unhelpfully, inheritance, heritage, estate, fierily, avidly, strongly.
neglectfully, abruptly, carelessly, coupling, conglutination, ANTONYMS: (adv) halfheartedly,
hastily, casually. brotherhood, appanage, alimony. apathetically.
40 Sense and Sensibility

The immediate advantage to herself was by no means inconsiderable, for it

supplied her with endless jokes against them both. At the park she laughed at
the colonel, and in the cottage at Marianne. To the former her raillery was
probably, as far as it regarded only himself, perfectly indifferent; but to the latter
it was at first incomprehensible; and when its object was understood, she hardly
knew whether most to laugh at its absurdity, or censure its impertinence, for she
considered it as an unfeeling reflection on the colonel's advanced years, and on
his forlorn condition as an old bachelor.%
Mrs. Dashwood, who could not think a man five years younger than herself,
so exceedingly ancient as he appeared to the youthful fancy of her daughter,
ventured to clear Mrs. Jennings from the probability of wishing to throw ridicule
on his age.
"But at least, Mamma, you cannot deny the absurdity of the accusation,
though you may not think it intentionally ill-natured. Colonel Brandon is
certainly younger than Mrs. Jennings, but he is old enough to be my father; and if
he were ever animated enough to be in love, must have long outlived every
sensation of the kind. It is too ridiculous! When is a man to be safe from such
wit, if age and infirmity will not protect him?"
"Infirmity!" said Elinor, "do you call Colonel Brandon infirm? I can easily
suppose that his age may appear much greater to you than to my mother; but
you can hardly deceive yourself as to his having the use of his limbs!"
"Did not you hear him complain of the rheumatism? and is not that the
commonest infirmity of declining life?"
"My dearest child," said her mother, laughing, "at this rate you must be in
continual terror of my decay; and it must seem to you a miracle that my life has
been extended to the advanced age of forty."
"Mamma, you are not doing me justice. I know very well that Colonel
Brandon is not old enough to make his friends yet apprehensive of losing him in
the course of nature. He may live twenty years longer. But thirty-five has
nothing to do with matrimony."

deceive: (v) cheat, circumvent,
bamboozle, pretend, hoax, fool,
cozen, trick, beguile; (n, v) dupe; (n)
fraud. ANTONYMS: (v) guide,
inform, undeceive, protect.
ill-natured: (adj) cantankerous,
peevish, sour, surly, catty, crabbed,
gruff, disagreeable, malignant,
malicious, malevolent.
impertinence: (n) audacity, gall,
impudence, insolence, disrespect,
effrontery, brass, boldness,
Thesaurus
impertinency, sauciness, freshness. whole, well, hearty.
ANTONYMS: (n) politeness, infirmity: (adj, n) frailty, foible,
seriousness, reticence. imbecility; (n) feebleness, impotence,
inconsiderable: (adj) inconsequential, disability, decrepitude, illness,
immaterial, small, petty, slight, sickness, disease, weakness.
negligible, trivial, fractional, minute, ANTONYMS: (n) health, wellness,
imperceptible, slender. ANTONYM: strength.
(adj) major. rheumatism: (n) arthritis, atrophic
infirm: (adj, n, v) feeble; (adj, v) faint, arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid
weak, sickly, debilitated; (adj) arthritis; (v) lumbago, podagra,
impotent, fragile, decrepit, ill, otalgia, neuralgia, earache,
delicate, shaky. ANTONYMS: (adj) cephalalgia, odontalgia, sciatica.
 Jane Austen 41

"Perhaps," said Elinor, "thirty-five and seventeen had better not have any
thing to do with matrimony together. But if there should by any chance happen
to be a woman who is single at seven and twenty, I should not think Colonel
Brandon's being thirty-five any objection to his marrying her."%
"A woman of seven and twenty," said Marianne, after pausing a moment,
"can never hope to feel or inspire affection again, and if her home be
uncomfortable, or her fortune small, I can suppose that she might bring herself to
submit to the offices of a nurse, for the sake of the provision and security of a
wife. In his marrying such a woman therefore there would be nothing
unsuitable. It would be a compact of convenience, and the world would be
satisfied. In my eyes it would be no marriage at all, but that would be nothing.
To me it would seem only a commercial exchange, in which each wished to be
benefited at the expense of the other."
"It would be impossible, I know," replied Elinor, "to convince you that a
woman of seven and twenty could feel for a man of thirty-five anything near
enough to love, to make him a desirable companion to her. But I must object to
your dooming Colonel Brandon and his wife to the constant confinement of a
sick chamber, merely because he chanced to complain yesterday (a very cold
damp day) of a slight rheumatic feel in one of his shoulders."
"But he talked of flannel waistcoats," said Marianne; "and with me a flannel
waistcoat is invariably connected with aches, cramps, rheumatisms, and every
species of ailment that can afflict the old and the feeble."
"Had he been only in a violent fever, you would not have despised him half
so much. Confess, Marianne, is not there something interesting to you in the
flushed cheek, hollow eye, and quick pulse of a fever?"
Soon after this, upon Elinor's leaving the room, "Mamma," said Marianne, "I
have an alarm on the subject of illness which I cannot conceal from you. I am
sure Edward Ferrars is not well. We have now been here almost a fortnight, and
yet he does not come. Nothing but real indisposition could occasion this
extraordinary delay. What else can detain him at Norland?"

afflict: (n, v) pain, distress; (v) trouble, imprison, incarcerate, retard.
grieve, torment, hurt, strike,
aggrieve, smite, bother, disturb.
ANTONYMS: (v) aid, comfort,
encourage, help, soothe.
ailment: (n) complaint, affection,
disease, trouble, condition, ill,
disorder, sickness, affliction; (adj, n)
infirmity; (v) distemper.
cramps: (n) spasm.
detain: (v) arrest, confine, catch,
capture, apprehend, stay, keep, jail,
Thesaurus
infirmity. ANTONYM: (n)
ANTONYMS: (v) free, liberate, rush. inclination.
flannel: (n) washcloth, cloth, face marrying: (adj) married.
cloth, pants, trousers, flannelette, matrimony: (n) wedding, union,
white, tweed, gabardine; (v) blanket, marriage ceremony, nuptials,
fur. endogamy, bigamy, intermixture,
fortnight: (n) two weeks, period, alloyage, exogamy, intermarriage; (n,
amount of time. v) wedlock.
indisposition: (adj, n, v) ailment; (n) rheumatic: (adj) rheumatoid, creaky,
disinclination, dislike, distaste, arthrodynic, creaking, decrepit,
aversion, reluctance, hesitation; (n, v) palsied, stiff; (n) sufferer,
illness, disorder, disease; (adj, n) rheumatism, diseased person.
42 Sense and Sensibility

"Had you any idea of his coming so soon?" said Mrs. Dashwood. "I had none.
On the contrary, if I have felt any anxiety at all on the subject, it has been in
recollecting that he sometimes showed a want of pleasure and readiness in
accepting my invitation, when I talked of his coming to Barton. Does Elinor
expect him already?"%
"I have never mentioned it to her, but of course she must."
"I rather think you are mistaken, for when I was talking to her yesterday of
getting a new grate for the spare bedchamber, she observed that there was no
immediate hurry for it, as it was not likely that the room would be wanted for
some time."
"How strange this is! what can be the meaning of it! But the whole of their
behaviour to each other has been unaccountable! How cold, how composed
were their last adieus! How languid their conversation the last evening of their
being together! In Edward's farewell there was no distinction between Elinor and
me: it was the good wishes of an affectionate brother to both. Twice did I leave
them purposely together in the course of the last morning, and each time did he
most unaccountably follow me out of the room. And Elinor, in quitting Norland
and Edward, cried not as I did. Even now her self-command is invariable.
When is she dejected or melancholy? When does she try to avoid society, or
appear restless and dissatisfied in it?"

bedchamber: (n) bedroom, dormitory,
room, sleeping room, master
bedroom, boudoir.
dejected: (adj) sad, depressed, low,
downhearted, gloomy, down,
unhappy, spiritless, sorrowful,
miserable, melancholy. ANTONYMS:
(adj) elated, happy, euphoric, joyous,
encouraged, positive, enthusiastic,
hopeful.
invariable: (adj) fixed, consistent,
even, immutable, steady,
Thesaurus
unchanging, stable, uniform, set, government, self-restraint, discipline,
undeviating, unchanged. presence.
ANTONYMS: (adj) changing, unaccountable: (adj)
dynamic, erratic, irregular, varied. incomprehensible, inexplicable,
purposely: (adj, adv) designedly, strange, unintelligible, unexplainable,
advisedly, knowingly; (adv) mysterious, impenetrable,
intentionally, on purpose, by design, undiscoverable, undecipherable,
consciously, by choice, calculatedly, unknowable, unnatural.
explicitly; (adj) wittingly. ANTONYMS: (adj) accountable,
ANTONYM: (adv) unintentionally. explainable, responsible, explicable.
recollecting: (n) recollection. unaccountably: (adv) mysteriously,
self-command: (n) self-control, self- especially, curiously, bizarrely.
 Jane Austen 43

CHAPTER 9

The Dashwoods were now settled at Barton with tolerable comfort to

themselves. The house and the garden, with all the objects surrounding them,
were now become familiar, and the ordinary pursuits which had given to
Norland half its charms were engaged in again with far greater enjoyment than
Norland had been able to afford, since the loss of their father. Sir John
Middleton, who called on them every day for the first fortnight, and who was
not in the habit of seeing much occupation at home, could not conceal his
amazement on finding them always employed.%
Their visitors, except those from Barton Park, were not many; for, in spite of
Sir John's urgent entreaties that they would mix more in the neighbourhood, and
repeated assurances of his carriage being always at their service, the
independence of Mrs. Dashwood's spirit overcame the wish of society for her
children; and she was resolute in declining to visit any family beyond the
distance of a walk. There were but few who could be so classed; and it was not
all of them that were attainable. About a mile and a half from the cottage, along
the narrow winding valley of Allenham, which issued from that of Barton, as
formerly described, the girls had, in one of their earliest walks, discovered an
ancient respectable looking mansion which, by reminding them a little of
Norland, interested their imagination and made them wish to be better
acquainted with it. But they learnt, on enquiry, that its possessor, an elderly

acquainted: (adj) knowledgeable,
informed, aware, cognizant,
conversant, hand and glove, intimate,
thick; (adv) abreast; (v) inform,
acquaint.
attainable: (adj) possible, obtainable,
gettable, available, feasible,
approachable, accessible, viable,
doable, realistic, open. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unattainable, unachievable,
impossible.
charms: (n) trinkets, jewelry, jewels.
Thesaurus
issued: (adj) executed, done.
learnt: (adj) learned.
possessor: (n) owner, holder,
proprietor, householder, occupant,
landowner, landholder, proprietary,
somebody, someone, soul.
pursuits: (n) diversion, duties.
resolute: (adj, n) constant, firm, fixed,
steady; (adj, v) determined; (adj)
inflexible, brave, adamant, dogged,
unbending, courageous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, uncertain,
uncommitted, timid, fickle, feeble,
indecisive, flexible, flippant, hesitant,
undecided.
tolerable: (adj) passable, mediocre,
bearable, fair, middling, reasonable,
adequate, respectable, endurable,
sufferable; (adj, v) satisfactory.
ANTONYMS: (adj) intolerable,
exceptional, unbearable,
unsatisfactory, bad, inadequate,
appalling, inadmissible.
visitors: (n) visitation.
44 Sense and Sensibility

lady of very good character, was unfortunately too infirm to mix with the world,
and never stirred from home.%
The whole country about them abounded in beautiful walks. The high downs
which invited them from almost every window of the cottage to seek the
exquisite enjoyment of air on their summits, were a happy alternative when the
dirt of the valleys beneath shut up their superior beauties; and towards one of
these hills did Marianne and Margaret one memorable morning direct their
steps, attracted by the partial sunshine of a showery sky, and unable longer to
bear the confinement which the settled rain of the two preceding days had
occasioned. The weather was not tempting enough to draw the two others from
their pencil and their book, in spite of Marianne's declaration that the day would
be lastingly fair, and that every threatening cloud would be drawn off from their
hills; and the two girls set off together.
They gaily ascended the downs, rejoicing in their own penetration at every
glimpse of blue sky; and when they caught in their faces the animating gales of a
high south-westerly wind, they pitied the fears which had prevented their
mother and Elinor from sharing such delightful sensations.
"Is there a felicity in the world," said Marianne, "superior to this?--Margaret,
we will walk here at least two hours."
Margaret agreed, and they pursued their way against the wind, resisting it
with laughing delight for about twenty minutes longer, when suddenly the
clouds united over their heads, and a driving rain set full in their face.--
Chagrined and surprised, they were obliged, though unwillingly, to turn back,
for no shelter was nearer than their own house. One consolation however
remained for them, to which the exigence of the moment gave more than usual
propriety; it was that of running with all possible speed down the steep side of
the hill which led immediately to their garden gate.
They set off. Marianne had at first the advantage, but a false step brought her
suddenly to the ground; and Margaret, unable to stop herself to assist her, was
involuntarily hurried along, and reached the bottom in safety.

animating: (adj) enlivening,
invigorating, inspiriting, inspiring,
proceleusmatic, stirring, exhilarating, everlastingly, perpetually, firmly,
glad, animated, exciting; (n)
awakening.
exigence: (n) urgency, occasion,
alteration, turn, convenience, cast,
bend, appropriate time, due chance.
felicity: (n) happiness, bliss,
blessedness, beatitude, luck,
felicitousness, joy, fortune, ecstasy,
enjoyment, appropriateness.
Thesaurus
ANTONYM: (n) infelicity. (n) sadness.
lastingly: (adv) enduringly, sensations: (n) feelings, vibrations,
ambiance.
stably, eternally, abidingly, showery: (adj) wet, pluvial, pluvious,
persistently, unceasingly, drizzly, drizzling, raining; (v)
unendingly, continuously. streamy.
ANTONYMS: (adv) erratically, unwillingly: (adv) grudgingly, loathly,
flimsily. aversely, unenthusiastically,
rejoicing: (n) exultation, jubilation, indisposedly, resentfully,
happiness, joy, mirth, pleasure, involuntarily, recalcitrantly,
elation; (adj) jubilant, exultant; (v) refractorily, lothly, hesitatingly.
rejoice; (adv) rejoicingly. ANTONYM: ANTONYM: (adv) wholeheartedly.
 Jane Austen 45

A gentleman carrying a gun, with two pointers playing round him, was
passing up the hill and within a few yards of Marianne, when her accident
happened. He put down his gun and ran to her assistance. She had raised herself
from the ground, but her foot had been twisted in her fall, and she was scarcely
able to stand. The gentleman offered his services; and perceiving that her
modesty declined what her situation rendered necessary, took her up in his arms
without farther delay, and carried her down the hill. Then passing through the
garden, the gate of which had been left open by Margaret, he bore her directly
into the house, whither Margaret was just arrived, and quitted not his hold till he
had seated her in a chair in the parlour.%
Elinor and her mother rose up in amazement at their entrance, and while the
eyes of both were fixed on him with an evident wonder and a secret admiration
which equally sprung from his appearance, he apologized for his intrusion by
relating its cause, in a manner so frank and so graceful that his person, which
was uncommonly handsome, received additional charms from his voice and
expression. Had he been even old, ugly, and vulgar, the gratitude and kindness
of Mrs. Dashwood would have been secured by any act of attention to her child;
but the influence of youth, beauty, and elegance, gave an interest to the action
which came home to her feelings.
She thanked him again and again; and, with a sweetness of address which
always attended her, invited him to be seated. But this he declined, as he was
dirty and wet. Mrs. Dashwood then begged to know to whom she was obliged.
His name, he replied, was Willoughby, and his present home was at Allenham,
from whence he hoped she would allow him the honour of calling tomorrow to
enquire after Miss Dashwood. The honour was readily granted, and he then
departed, to make himself still more interesting, in the midst of a heavy rain.
His manly beauty and more than common gracefulness were instantly the
theme of general admiration, and the laugh which his gallantry raised against
Marianne received particular spirit from his exterior attractions.-- Marianne
herself had seen less of his person that the rest, for the confusion which
crimsoned over her face, on his lifting her up, had robbed her of the power of

gallantry: (adj, n) prowess, daring,
spirit, fearlessness; (n) heroism,
bravery, valor, courage, chivalry,
courtesy, courageousness.
ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice,
cowardliness, rudeness.
gracefulness: (n) grace, agility,
neatness, prettiness, refinement,
delicacy, carriage, legerity, lightness, weak, unmanly, cowardly; (adv)
nimbleness; (adj) readiness.
ANTONYM: (n) inelegance.
intrusion: (n) infringement,
Thesaurus
encroachment, disturbance,
interruption, inroad, trespass,
invasion, violation, incursion,
disruption, entry.
manly: (adj) manlike, masculine,
manful, virile, brave, gallant; (adv)
manfully, boldly, hardily, virilely;
(adj, adv) stately. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unmanfully.
modesty: (n) reserve, bashfulness,
humility, diffidence, humbleness,
demureness, coyness, gentleness,
continence; (adj, n) decency, honesty.
ANTONYMS: (n) arrogance,
immodesty, spectacle, flamboyance,
abandon, bigheadedness, pretension,
decadence, boldness.
perceiving: (n) feeling, sensing,
hearing, looking at, recognition,
thought, vision, lipreading; (adj)
conscious, percipient, reasonable.
whither: (adv) hither, thither,
whereunto, whereto, for.
46 Sense and Sensibility

regarding him after their entering the house. But she had seen enough of him to
join in all the admiration of the others, and with an energy which always
adorned her praise. His person and air were equal to what her fancy had ever
drawn for the hero of a favourite story; and in his carrying her into the house
with so little previous formality, there was a rapidity of thought which
particularly recommended the action to her. Every circumstance belonging to
him was interesting. His name was good, his residence was in their favourite
village, and she soon found out that of all manly dresses a shooting-jacket was
the most becoming. Her imagination was busy, her reflections were pleasant, and
the pain of a sprained ankle was disregarded.%
Sir John called on them as soon as the next interval of fair weather that
morning allowed him to get out of doors; and Marianne's accident being related
to him, he was eagerly asked whether he knew any gentleman of the name of
Willoughby at Allenham.
"Willoughby!" cried Sir John; "what, is he in the country? That is good news
however; I will ride over tomorrow, and ask him to dinner on Thursday."
"You know him then," said Mrs. Dashwood.
"Know him! to be sure I do. Why, he is down here every year."
"And what sort of a young man is he?"
"As good a kind of fellow as ever lived, I assure you. A very decent shot, and
there is not a bolder rider in England."
"And is that all you can say for him?" cried Marianne, indignantly. "But
what are his manners on more intimate acquaintance? What his pursuits, his
talents, and genius?"
Sir John was rather puzzled.
"Upon my soul," said he, "I do not know much about him as to all that. But he
is a pleasant, good humoured fellow, and has got the nicest little black bitch of a
pointer I ever saw. Was she out with him today?"

adorned: (adj) decorated, ornate,
bedecked, decked out, fancy,
garnished, ornamented, decked,
beautiful, inscribed, festooned.
ankle: (n) knuckle, kimbo, crane,
fluke, crutch, crotch, zigzag, groin,
sickle, scythe, malleolus.
eagerly: (adv) zealously, readily,
keenly, fervently, avidly, greedily,
enthusiastically, intently, earnestly,
impatiently, actively. ANTONYMS:
(adv) apathetically, nonchalantly,
Thesaurus
grudgingly, patiently, halfheartedly,
reluctantly, unenthusiastically.
formality: (n) ceremony, formalities,
decorum, etiquette, custom,
ceremoniousness, starch, ritual, rite,
observance; (n, v) stiffness.
ANTONYMS: (n) casualness,
possibility, warmth, friendliness.
indignantly: (adv) irately, angrily,
wrathfully, enragedly, sorely,
acrimoniously, cynically, sulkily,
hotly, exasperatedly, furiously.
pointer: (n) hand, needle, clue, point,
tip, indicator, intimation, cursor,
arrow, indication, beacon.
rapidity: (n) expedition, quickness,
promptness, dispatch, celerity, haste,
velocity, pace, fleetness,
promptitude, speed. ANTONYM: (n)
tardiness.
talents: (adj) talent, ability, capacity,
parts, ingenuity, cleverness, turn; (n)
faculty, endowment, genius,
accomplishment.
 Jane Austen 47

But Marianne could no more satisfy him as to the colour of Mr. Willoughby's
pointer, than he could describe to her the shades of his mind.%
"But who is he?" said Elinor. "Where does he come from? Has he a house at
Allenham?"
On this point Sir John could give more certain intelligence; and he told them
that Mr. Willoughby had no property of his own in the country; that he resided
there only while he was visiting the old lady at Allenham Court, to whom he
was related, and whose possessions he was to inherit; adding, "Yes, yes, he is
very well worth catching I can tell you, Miss Dashwood; he has a pretty little
estate of his own in Somersetshire besides; and if I were you, I would not give
him up to my younger sister, in spite of all this tumbling down hills. Miss
Marianne must not expect to have all the men to herself. Brandon will be jealous,
if she does not take care."
"I do not believe," said Mrs. Dashwood, with a good humoured smile, "that
Mr. Willoughby will be incommoded by the attempts of either of my daughters
towards what you call catching him. It is not an employment to which they have
been brought up. Men are very safe with us, let them be ever so rich. I am glad
to find, however, from what you say, that he is a respectable young man, and one
whose acquaintance will not be ineligible."
"He is as good a sort of fellow, I believe, as ever lived," repeated Sir John. "I
remember last Christmas at a little hop at the park, he danced from eight o'clock
till four, without once sitting down."
"Did he indeed?" cried Marianne with sparkling eyes, "and with elegance,
with spirit?"
"Yes; and he was up again at eight to ride to covert."
"That is what I like; that is what a young man ought to be. Whatever be his
pursuits, his eagerness in them should know no moderation, and leave him no
sense of fatigue."
"Aye, aye, I see how it will be," said Sir John, "I see how it will be. You will
be setting your cap at him now, and never think of poor Brandon."

Thesaurus
eagerness: (n, v) desire, aspiration; (n) soberness, easing. ANTONYMS: (n) malevolence, rancour, venom, rancor,
enthusiasm, avidity, cupidity, intemperance, overindulgence, maliciousness, ill will, animosity; (n,
readiness, passion, keenness, excess, increase, immoderation, v) pique. ANTONYMS: (v) please; (n)
ambition, fervor, avidness. strength, extremism, indulgence, benevolence, goodwill, love,
ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, impatience, harshness, abandon. affection, harmony.
unwillingness, aloofness, disinterest, sparkling: (adj, v) effervescent; (adj) tumbling: (adj) falling, billowing,
lethargy, listlessness, patience, bright, brilliant, radiant, glittery, dropping, rolled; (adj, adv) plunging;
gloom, reluctance. bubbly, glittering, scintillating, (n) gymnastics, acrobatics, stunting,
moderation: (n) abstinence, shining, scintillant; (n) sparkle. stunt flying, rumbling; (adv)
abstemiousness, moderateness, ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dirty, headfirst.
abatement, measure, alleviation, lifeless, lethargic. visiting: (adj) guest, impermanent,
sobriety, patience, restraint, spite: (n) malice, grudge, hatred, temporary, visitant.
48 Sense and Sensibility

"That is an expression, Sir John," said Marianne, warmly, "which I

particularly dislike. I abhor every common-place phrase by which wit is
intended; and 'setting one's cap at a man,' or 'making a conquest,' are the most
odious of all. Their tendency is gross and illiberal; and if their construction
could ever be deemed clever, time has long ago destroyed all its ingenuity."%
Sir John did not much understand this reproof; but he laughed as heartily as
if he did, and then replied,
"Ay, you will make conquests enough, I dare say, one way or other. Poor
Brandon! he is quite smitten already, and he is very well worth setting your cap
at, I can tell you, in spite of all this tumbling about and spraining of ankles."

abhor: (v) hate, detest, abominate,
execrate, despise, dislike, nauseate,
disdain, scorn, resent, dread.
ANTONYMS: (v) adore, approve,
like, cherish, embrace, relish,
treasure, admire.
dare: (n, v) venture; (v) defy, brave,
hazard, confront, risk, resist, make
bold; (n) adventure, daring, defiance. v) sordid. ANTONYM: (adj)
ANTONYMS: (v) avoid, flee, pass,
refrain, retreat, obey.
heartily: (adv) cordially, sincerely,
Thesaurus
enthusiastically, warmly, strongly, execrable, disgusting, abhorrent,
earnestly, vigorously, ardently, abominable, heinous, forbidding.
soundly, devoutly, eagerly. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant,
ANTONYMS: (adv) feebly, delightful, agreeable, lovable, nice.
languorously. reproof: (n, v) reprimand, censure,
illiberal: (adj) close, churlish, rebuke, lecture; (n) reproach,
covetous, intolerant, insular, bigoted, admonition, reprehension, blame,
avaricious, small, mean, miserly; (adj, condemnation, objurgation,
castigation.
generous. smitten: (adj, v) stricken; (adj) in love,
odious: (adj, v) hateful, obnoxious; crazy, enamored, struck, nuts, dotty,
(adj) detestable, hideous, nasty, besotted, gaga, taken with, affected.
 Jane Austen 49

CHAPTER 10

Marianne's preserver, as Margaret, with more elegance than precision, styled

Willoughby, called at the cottage early the next morning to make his personal
enquiries. He was received by Mrs. Dashwood with more than politeness; with
a kindness which Sir John's account of him and her own gratitude prompted; and
every thing that passed during the visit tended to assure him of the sense,
elegance, mutual affection, and domestic comfort of the family to whom accident
had now introduced him. Of their personal charms he had not required a second
interview to be convinced.%
Miss Dashwood had a delicate complexion, regular features, and a
remarkably pretty figure. Marianne was still handsomer. Her form, though not
so correct as her sister's, in having the advantage of height, was more striking;
and her face was so lovely, that when in the common cant of praise, she was
called a beautiful girl, truth was less violently outraged than usually happens.
Her skin was very brown, but, from its transparency, her complexion was
uncommonly brilliant; her features were all good; her smile was sweet and
attractive; and in her eyes, which were very dark, there was a life, a spirit, an
eagerness, which could hardily be seen without delight. From Willoughby their
expression was at first held back, by the embarrassment which the remembrance
of his assistance created. But when this passed away, when her spirits became
collected, when she saw that to the perfect good-breeding of the gentleman, he

cant: (n) jargon, lingo, slang,
vernacular, argot; (n, v) bank, tilt,
bias, incline; (adj, n) bevel; (v) list.
enquiries: (n) enquiry, inquiries.
hardily: (adv) robustly, vigorously,
stoutly, courageously, hardly,
intrepidly, strongly, powerfully,
ruggedly, sturdily, toughly.
outraged: (adj) angry, incensed, livid,
enraged, mad, cross, annoyed,
perverted, umbrageous, beside
yourself, scandalized. ANTONYMS:
Thesaurus
(adj) calm, indifferent.
politeness: (n) civility, courteousness, recall, relic, monument, keepsake,
courtliness, manners, decorum,
gentility, good manners, niceness,
refinement, gallantry, decency.
ANTONYMS: (n) vulgarity,
rudeness, incivility, neglect.
preserver: (n) defender, protector,
custodian, conservative, keeper,
conservator, savior, patron, restorer,
flotation device; (adj) third person.
remembrance: (n, v) recollection,
mind; (n) commemoration, memorial,
reminiscence, recognition; (adj, n)
memento.
styled: (v) titled, named, benempt.
transparency: (n) clearness, clarity,
slide, limpidity, pellucidness,
lucidity, diaphaneity, translucency,
overhead, foil, pellucidity.
ANTONYMS: (n) ambiguity, opacity,
dirtiness, impurity.
50 Sense and Sensibility

united frankness and vivacity, and above all, when she heard him declare, that of
music and dancing he was passionately fond, she gave him such a look of
approbation as secured the largest share of his discourse to herself for the rest of
his stay.%
It was only necessary to mention any favourite amusement to engage her to
talk. She could not be silent when such points were introduced, and she had
neither shyness nor reserve in their discussion. They speedily discovered that
their enjoyment of dancing and music was mutual, and that it arose from a
general conformity of judgment in all that related to either. Encouraged by this to
a further examination of his opinions, she proceeded to question him on the
subject of books; her favourite authors were brought forward and dwelt upon
with so rapturous a delight, that any young man of five and twenty must have
been insensible indeed, not to become an immediate convert to the excellence of
such works, however disregarded before. Their taste was strikingly alike. The
same books, the same passages were idolized by each-- or if any difference
appeared, any objection arose, it lasted no longer than till the force of her
arguments and the brightness of her eyes could be displayed. He acquiesced in
all her decisions, caught all her enthusiasm; and long before his visit concluded,
they conversed with the familiarity of a long-established acquaintance.
"Well, Marianne," said Elinor, as soon as he had left them, "for one morning I
think you have done pretty well. You have already ascertained Mr. Willoughby's
opinion in almost every matter of importance. You know what he thinks of
Cowper and Scott; you are certain of his estimating their beauties as he ought,
and you have received every assurance of his admiring Pope no more than is
proper. But how is your acquaintance to be long supported, under such
extraordinary despatch of every subject for discourse? You will soon have
exhausted each favourite topic. Another meeting will suffice to explain his
sentiments on picturesque beauty, and second marriages, and then you can have
nothing farther to ask."--
"Elinor," cried Marianne, "is this fair? is this just? are my ideas so scanty? But
I see what you mean. I have been too much at my ease, too happy, too frank. I

admiring: (adj) admire, admiringly,
loving, respectful, glowing,
affectionate, amatory, appreciative,
enthusiastic, flattering, approving.
ANTONYMS: (adj) defamatory,
critical, disdainful, disapproving,
disrespectful, uncomplimentary.
despatch: (n) shipment, expedition,
communique, mission, consignment,
sending, forwarding; (v) transmit,
expedite, quicken, send.
disregarded: (adj) unnoticed,
Thesaurus
neglected, unseen, written off,
wretchless, unvalued, unheeded,
overlooked, lost, irrecoverable; (v)
unregarded.
dwelt: (v) dwell, inhabit.
idolized: (adj) adored, beloved, loved, fleetly. ANTONYMS: (adv) later,
precious, worshipped.
long-established: (adj) traditional,
confirmed.
scanty: (adj) insufficient, few,
inadequate, bare, deficient, poor,
narrow, scant, light; (adj, v) spare,
lean. ANTONYMS: (adj) generous,
abundant, ample, strong.
speedily: (adj, adv) quickly, quick,
immediately; (adv) rapidly, promptly,
hastily, swiftly, fast, apace, hurriedly,
eventually.
vivacity: (adj, n) life, liveliness; (n)
energy, vitality, enthusiasm, dash,
spirit, vigor, happiness, sparkle,
effervescence. ANTONYMS: (n)
apathy, dullness, sluggishness.
 Jane Austen 51

have erred against every common-place notion of decorum; I have been open
and sincere where I ought to have been reserved, spiritless, dull, and deceitful--
had I talked only of the weather and the roads, and had I spoken only once in ten
minutes, this reproach would have been spared."
"My love," said her mother, "you must not be offended with Elinor--she was
only in jest. I should scold her myself, if she were capable of wishing to check
the delight of your conversation with our new friend."-- Marianne was softened
in a moment.%
Willoughby, on his side, gave every proof of his pleasure in their
acquaintance, which an evident wish of improving it could offer. He came to
them every day. To enquire after Marianne was at first his excuse; but the
encouragement of his reception, to which every day gave greater kindness, made
such an excuse unnecessary before it had ceased to be possible, by Marianne's
perfect recovery. She was confined for some days to the house; but never had
any confinement been less irksome. Willoughby was a young man of good
abilities, quick imagination, lively spirits, and open, affectionate manners. He
was exactly formed to engage Marianne's heart, for with all this, he joined not
only a captivating person, but a natural ardour of mind which was now roused
and increased by the example of her own, and which recommended him to her
affection beyond every thing else.
His society became gradually her most exquisite enjoyment. They read, they
talked, they sang together; his musical talents were considerable; and he read
with all the sensibility and spirit which Edward had unfortunately wanted.
In Mrs. Dashwood's estimation he was as faultless as in Marianne's; and
Elinor saw nothing to censure in him but a propensity, in which he strongly
resembled and peculiarly delighted her sister, of saying too much what he
thought on every occasion, without attention to persons or circumstances. In
hastily forming and giving his opinion of other people, in sacrificing general
politeness to the enjoyment of undivided attention where his heart was engaged,
and in slighting too easily the forms of worldly propriety, he displayed a want of

ardour: (n) fervency, fervidness,
fervor, fervour, fire, elan, zeal,
violence, ardency, assiduity,
application.
ceased: (adj) finished.
decorum: (n) propriety, gentility,
decorousness, dignity, fitness,
manners, correctness, ceremony,
properness, politeness, grace.
ANTONYMS: (n) impoliteness,
rudeness, informality, indecorum,
impropriety, indecency, corruption,
Thesaurus
abandon, vulgarity. delightful, pleasant, refreshing,
faultless: (adj) blameless, correct, soothing.
immaculate, clean, spotless, innocent, scold: (v) reprimand, chide, berate,
flawless, unblemished, absolute, rebuke, abuse, lecture, reproach, rail,
infallible, consummate. grouch; (n, v) nag; (adj, n) shrew.
ANTONYMS: (adj) blemished, ANTONYMS: (v) praise, compliment,
imperfect, faulty, shameful, soiled, approve.
blameworthy. slighting: (adj) belittling, deprecating,
irksome: (adj, v) wearisome, tiresome; deprecative, deprecatory,
(adj) boring, dull, annoying, tedious, depreciatory, pejorative, derogatory,
trying, burdensome, bothersome, offensive, invidious, abusive; (n)
irritating, prosaic. ANTONYMS: (adj) disregard. ANTONYM: (adj) polite.
52 Sense and Sensibility

caution which Elinor could not approve, in spite of all that he and Marianne
could say in its support.%
Marianne began now to perceive that the desperation which had seized her at
sixteen and a half, of ever seeing a man who could satisfy her ideas of perfection,
had been rash and unjustifiable. Willoughby was all that her fancy had
delineated in that unhappy hour and in every brighter period, as capable of
attaching her; and his behaviour declared his wishes to be in that respect as
earnest, as his abilities were strong.
Her mother too, in whose mind not one speculative thought of their marriage
had been raised, by his prospect of riches, was led before the end of a week to
hope and expect it; and secretly to congratulate herself on having gained two
such sons-in-law as Edward and Willoughby.
Colonel Brandon's partiality for Marianne, which had so early been
discovered by his friends, now first became perceptible to Elinor, when it ceased
to be noticed by them. Their attention and wit were drawn off to his more
fortunate rival; and the raillery which the other had incurred before any
partiality arose, was removed when his feelings began really to call for the
ridicule so justly annexed to sensibility. Elinor was obliged, though unwillingly,
to believe that the sentiments which Mrs. Jennings had assigned him for her own
satisfaction, were now actually excited by her sister; and that however a general
resemblance of disposition between the parties might forward the affection of
Mr. Willoughby, an equally striking opposition of character was no hindrance to
the regard of Colonel Brandon. She saw it with concern; for what could a silent
man of five and thirty hope, when opposed to a very lively one of five and
twenty? and as she could not even wish him successful, she heartily wished him
indifferent. She liked him--in spite of his gravity and reserve, she beheld in him
an object of interest. His manners, though serious, were mild; and his reserve
appeared rather the result of some oppression of spirits than of any natural
gloominess of temper. Sir John had dropped hints of past injuries and
disappointments, which justified her belief of his being an unfortunate man, and
she regarded him with respect and compassion.

Thesaurus
annexed: (adj) affiliated, enclosed; (v) cheer, happiness. ANTONYMS: (adj) intangible,
adjunct, appendant. hindrance: (n, v) difficulty, obstacle, unclear, inaudible, inconspicuous,
arose: (v) happen, occur. block, check, delay; (n) deterrent, obscure, undetectable, invisible.
beheld: (adj) visual. barrier, obstruction, impediment, unjustifiable: (adj) unwarranted,
colonel: (n) captain, coronel. inconvenience, disturbance. unwarrantable, unreasonable,
delineated: (adj) portrayed, lineal, ANTONYMS: (n) advantage, inexcusable, unjustified, unfair,
graphic, represented. contribution, assistance, success, unfounded, unforgivable,
gloominess: (n) desolation, sadness, boost, incentive, strength. unallowable, undue; (adj, v)
depression, dejection, darkness, perceptible: (adj) conspicuous, unpardonable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
melancholy, pessimism, bleakness, appreciable, evident, discernible, justifiable, excusable,
dreariness, sombreness, dimness. obvious, visible, palpable, apparent, understandable, fair, justified,
ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness, light, detectable, manifest, observable. necessary.
 Jane Austen 53

Perhaps she pitied and esteemed him the more because he was slighted by
Willoughby and Marianne, who, prejudiced against him for being neither lively
nor young, seemed resolved to undervalue his merits.%
"Brandon is just the kind of man," said Willoughby one day, when they were
talking of him together, "whom every body speaks well of, and nobody cares
about; whom all are delighted to see, and nobody remembers to talk to."
"That is exactly what I think of him," cried Marianne.
"Do not boast of it, however," said Elinor, "for it is injustice in both of you.
He is highly esteemed by all the family at the park, and I never see him myself
without taking pains to converse with him."
"That he is patronised by you," replied Willoughby, "is certainly in his favour;
but as for the esteem of the others, it is a reproach in itself. Who would submit to
the indignity of being approved by such a woman as Lady Middleton and Mrs.
Jennings, that could command the indifference of any body else?"
"But perhaps the abuse of such people as yourself and Marianne will make
amends for the regard of Lady Middleton and her mother. If their praise is
censure, your censure may be praise, for they are not more undiscerning, than
you are prejudiced and unjust."
"In defence of your protégé you can even be saucy."
"My protégé, as you call him, is a sensible man; and sense will always have
attractions for me. Yes, Marianne, even in a man between thirty and forty. He has
seen a great deal of the world; has been abroad, has read, and has a thinking
mind. I have found him capable of giving me much information on various
subjects; and he has always answered my inquiries with readiness of good-
breeding and good nature."
"That is to say," cried Marianne contemptuously, "he has told you, that in the
East Indies the climate is hot, and the mosquitoes are troublesome."
"He would have told me so, I doubt not, had I made any such inquiries, but
they happened to be points on which I had been previously informed."

amends: (n) atonement, compensation,
recompense, satisfaction, redress,
damages, reprisal, indemnity,
requital; (n, v) restitution, restoration.
contemptuously: (adv) scornfully,
sneeringly, insultingly,
disparagingly, superciliously,
derisively, condescendingly,
disrespectfully, haughtily,
contumeliously, sardonically.
ANTONYM: (adv) approvingly.
esteemed: (adj) dear, reputable,
Thesaurus
respected, honorable, noble, honored,
prestigious, important, distinguished,
August, respect. ANTONYM: (adj)
disreputable.
indignity: (n) dishonor, contumely,
humiliation, contempt, outrage,
disdain, offence, disgrace,
degradation; (n, v) insult, abuse.
ANTONYMS: (n) honor, glory, pride.
protg: (n) charge, client, follower,
ward, responsibility.
slighted: (adj) hurt, injured, insulted,
heedless, careless, not regarded,
offended, regardless, upset.
undervalue: (v) underestimate,
underrate, devalue, belittle, lessen,
disparage, misjudge, decry, despise,
devaluate, diminish. ANTONYMS:
(v) overrate, appreciate, overestimate,
overvalue, recognize.
undiscerning: (adj) unwise, heedless,
unenlightened, indiscreet, intricate,
rash, indiscriminate, inattentive,
injudicious, uncritical, imprudent.
54 Sense and Sensibility

"Perhaps," said Willoughby, "his observations may have extended to the

existence of nabobs, gold mohrs, and palanquins."%
"I may venture to say that his observations have stretched much further than
your candour. But why should you dislike him?"
"I do not dislike him. I consider him, on the contrary, as a very respectable
man, who has every body's good word, and nobody's notice; who, has more
money than he can spend, more time than he knows how to employ, and two
new coats every year."
"Add to which," cried Marianne, "that he has neither genius, taste, nor spirit.
That his understanding has no brilliancy, his feelings no ardour, and his voice
no expression."
"You decide on his imperfections so much in the mass," replied Elinor, "and
so much on the strength of your own imagination, that the commendation I am
able to give of him is comparatively cold and insipid. I can only pronounce him
to be a sensible man, well-bred, well-informed, of gentle address, and, I believe,
possessing an amiable heart."
"Miss Dashwood," cried Willoughby, "you are now using me unkindly. You
are endeavouring to disarm me by reason, and to convince me against my will.
But it will not do. You shall find me as stubborn as you can be artful. I have
three unanswerable reasons for disliking Colonel Brandon; he threatened me
with rain when I wanted it to be fine; he has found fault with the hanging of my
curricle, and I cannot persuade him to buy my brown mare. If it will be any
satisfaction to you, however, to be told, that I believe his character to be in other
respects irreproachable, I am ready to confess it. And in return for an
acknowledgment, which must give me some pain, you cannot deny me the
privilege of disliking him as much as ever."

Thesaurus
artful: (adj) crafty, cunning, scheming, break. spotless, faultless, flawless, innocent,
wily, shrewd, insidious, designing, disliking: (adj) averse, disinclined; (n) unimpeachable, inculpable,
sly, adroit, subtle, disingenuous. aversion, disfavor, dissatisfaction, impeccable, immaculate,
ANTONYMS: (adj) artless, unskillful, disinclination, displeasure, distaste. unblemished, above reproach.
inept, ingenuous, unskilled, open, insipid: (adj) tasteless, bland, dull, ANTONYMS: (adj) reprehensible,
straight. watery, flavorless, uninteresting, shameful, blameworthy, guilty.
brilliancy: (n, v) brightness; (n) vapid, savorless, boring, tame, possessing: (adj) fruitive.
brilliance, lustre, luster, splendor, humdrum. ANTONYMS: (adj) unanswerable: (adj) irrefutable, final,
glitter, glory, radiance, splendour; exciting, tasty, interesting, flavorful, incontestable, irresponsible,
(adj, n) gorgeousness; (v) gloss. spicy, lively, colorful, dark, bright, incontrovertible, indisputable,
curricle: (n) phaeton, chariot, mail inspired, imaginative. decisive, ultimate, undeniable, not
phaeton, coach, wagonette, cart, irreproachable: (adj) blameless, refragable; (v) probative.
 Jane Austen 55

CHAPTER 11

Little had Mrs. Dashwood or her daughters imagined when they first came
into Devonshire, that so many engagements would arise to occupy their time as
shortly presented themselves, or that they should have such frequent invitations
and such constant visitors as to leave them little leisure for serious employment.
Yet such was the case. When Marianne was recovered, the schemes of
amusement at home and abroad, which Sir John had been previously forming,
were put into execution. The private balls at the park then began; and parties on
the water were made and accomplished as often as a showery October would
allow. In every meeting of the kind Willoughby was included; and the ease and
familiarity which naturally attended these parties were exactly calculated to give
increasing intimacy to his acquaintance with the Dashwoods, to afford him
opportunity of witnessing the excellencies of Marianne, of marking his animated
admiration of her, and of receiving, in her behaviour to himself, the most pointed
assurance of her affection.%
Elinor could not be surprised at their attachment. She only wished that it
were less openly shewn; and once or twice did venture to suggest the propriety
of some self-command to Marianne. But Marianne abhorred all concealment
where no real disgrace could attend unreserve; and to aim at the restraint of
sentiments which were not in themselves illaudable, appeared to her not merely
an unnecessary effort, but a disgraceful subjection of reason to common-place

abhorred: (adj) disgusted, unpopular.
balls: (n) guts, family jewels, intestinal disreputable, infamous, base,
fortitude, nerve, spirit, tenacity,
valor, audacity, prowess.
concealment: (n) suppression,
confidentiality, concealing, secrecy,
screen, disguise, hiding, privacy,
camouflage, blind, covering.
ANTONYMS: (n) discovery,
disclosure, exposure, expression,
openness, uncovering, revelation.
disgraceful: (adj) dishonorable,
Thesaurus
scandalous, shocking, degrading, unfamiliarity, formality, abnormality,
distance, animosity.
ignominious, outrageous, black, illaudable: (adj) guilty, culpable,
ignoble. ANTONYMS: (adj) censurable, blameworthy, in fault,
admirable, honorable, reputable, peccable, reprehensible, to blame,
exalted, commendable, respectable, uncommendable, at fault.
noble, glorious. subjection: (n) conquest, oppression,
familiarity: (adj, n) acquaintance; (n) captivity, bondage, confinement,
intimacy, closeness, experience, servitude, dependence, enslavement,
casualness, conversancy, knowledge, slavery, repression, subjugation.
conversance, naturalness, nearness, unreserve: (adj) sincerity, truth,
friendship. ANTONYMS: (n) frankness, candor.
56 Sense and Sensibility

and mistaken notions. Willoughby thought the same; and their behaviour at all
times, was an illustration of their opinions.%
When he was present she had no eyes for any one else. Every thing he did,
was right. Every thing he said, was clever. If their evenings at the park were
concluded with cards, he cheated himself and all the rest of the party to get her a
good hand. If dancing formed the amusement of the night, they were partners
for half the time; and when obliged to separate for a couple of dances, were
careful to stand together and scarcely spoke a word to any body else. Such
conduct made them of course most exceedingly laughed at; but ridicule could
not shame, and seemed hardly to provoke them.
Mrs. Dashwood entered into all their feelings with a warmth which left her
no inclination for checking this excessive display of them. To her it was but the
natural consequence of a strong affection in a young and ardent mind.
This was the season of happiness to Marianne. Her heart was devoted to
Willoughby, and the fond attachment to Norland, which she brought with her
from Sussex, was more likely to be softened than she had thought it possible
before, by the charms which his society bestowed on her present home.
Elinor's happiness was not so great. Her heart was not so much at ease, nor
her satisfaction in their amusements so pure. They afforded her no companion
that could make amends for what she had left behind, nor that could teach her to
think of Norland with less regret than ever. Neither Lady Middleton nor Mrs.
Jennings could supply to her the conversation she missed; although the latter
was an everlasting talker, and from the first had regarded her with a kindness
which ensured her a large share of her discourse. She had already repeated her
own history to Elinor three or four times; and had Elinor's memory been equal to
her means of improvement, she might have known very early in their
acquaintance all the particulars of Mr. Jenning's last illness, and what he said to
his wife a few minutes before he died. Lady Middleton was more agreeable than
her mother only in being more silent. Elinor needed little observation to perceive
that her reserve was a mere calmness of manner with which sense had nothing to
do. Towards her husband and mother she was the same as to them; and

ardent: (adj, n) enthusiastic, glowing;
(adj, v) burning, fervent,
impassioned; (adj) keen, vehement,
eager, warm, acute, fervid.
ANTONYMS: (adj) apathetic, cool,
unenthusiastic, traitorous, mild,
frigid, dispassionate, cold, disloyal,
impassive, calm.
bestowed: (adj) presented, conferred,
awarded, accurate.
cheated: (adj) embittered, resentful.
everlasting: (adj) eternal, ceaseless,
Thesaurus
endless, constant, continual,
perpetual, immortal, deathless,
ageless, aeonian; (adj, n) lasting.
ANTONYMS: (adj) finite, ephemeral,
fleeting, mortal, ending, terminating,
inconstant, fragile, perishable.
particulars: (n) specification, data,
nicety, minutiae, terms,
consideration, workings, fine points,
ins and outs.
ridicule: (n, v) laugh at, deride, banter,
insult, taunt, scorn, scoff; (n) derision,
mockery; (adj, n) irony; (v) jeer.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise, respect;
(v) approve; (n) approval,
admiration.
softened: (adj) diffused, muffled,
muted, quiet, slow, touched,
sluggish, soften, pultaceous,
subdued, low-key.
talker: (n) speaker, conversationalist,
orator, chatterbox, babbler, raver,
stammerer, chatterer, speechmaker,
caller, mutterer.
 Jane Austen 57

intimacy was therefore neither to be looked for nor desired. She had nothing to
say one day that she had not said the day before. Her insipidity was invariable,
for even her spirits were always the same; and though she did not oppose the
parties arranged by her husband, provided every thing were conducted in style
and her two eldest children attended her, she never appeared to receive more
enjoyment from them than she might have experienced in sitting at home;-- and
so little did her presence add to the pleasure of the others, by any share in their
conversation, that they were sometimes only reminded of her being amongst
them by her solicitude about her troublesome boys.%
In Colonel Brandon alone, of all her new acquaintance, did Elinor find a
person who could in any degree claim the respect of abilities, excite the interest
of friendship, or give pleasure as a companion. Willoughby was out of the
question. Her admiration and regard, even her sisterly regard, was all his own;
but he was a lover; his attentions were wholly Marianne's, and a far less
agreeable man might have been more generally pleasing. Colonel Brandon,
unfortunately for himself, had no such encouragement to think only of Marianne,
and in conversing with Elinor he found the greatest consolation for the
indifference of her sister.
Elinor's compassion for him increased, as she had reason to suspect that the
misery of disappointed love had already been known to him. This suspicion was
given by some words which accidently dropped from him one evening at the
park, when they were sitting down together by mutual consent, while the others
were dancing. His eyes were fixed on Marianne, and, after a silence of some
minutes, he said, with a faint smile, "Your sister, I understand, does not approve
of second attachments."
"No," replied Elinor, "her opinions are all romantic."
"Or rather, as I believe, she considers them impossible to exist."
"I believe she does. But how she contrives it without reflecting on the
character of her own father, who had himself two wives, I know not. A few
years however will settle her opinions on the reasonable basis of common sense

Thesaurus
consolation: (n) comfort, relief, balm, agitate, awaken, incite, inspire, rouse, maddening, displeasing, discordant,
succor, ease, cheer, solacement, electrify; (n, v) energize; (adj, v) harsh, frustrating.
encouragement, sympathy, quicken. ANTONYMS: (v) calm, sisterly: (adj) sororal, fatherly,
alleviation, express sympathy. pacify, bore, soothe, stifle, motherly, sisterlike. ANTONYM:
ANTONYMS: (n) grief, sorrow, tranquilize, placate, quiet, dampen. (adj) brotherly.
distress, discouragement, pleasing: (adj, n) acceptable; (adj) troublesome: (adj) difficult, hard,
aggravation. amiable, lovable, amusing, attractive, arduous, bothersome, inconvenient,
desired: (adj) coveted, desirable, gratifying, lovely, pleasant, onerous, awkward, annoying,
favorite, wanted, welcome, needed, charming, delightful, inviting. laborious, tough, heavy.
beloved, required, most wanted; (adj, ANTONYMS: (adj) unpleasant, ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, helpful,
v) chosen; (v) consenting. unwelcome, infuriating, useful, advantageous, convenient,
excite: (v) arouse, enliven, disturb, disappointing, straight, hurtful, uncomplicated, delightful.
58 Sense and Sensibility

and observation; and then they may be more easy to define and to justify than
they now are, by any body but herself."%
"This will probably be the case," he replied; "and yet there is something so
amiable in the prejudices of a young mind, that one is sorry to see them give way
to the reception of more general opinions."
"I cannot agree with you there," said Elinor. "There are inconveniences
attending such feelings as Marianne's, which all the charms of enthusiasm and
ignorance of the world cannot atone for. Her systems have all the unfortunate
tendency of setting propriety at nought; and a better acquaintance with the
world is what I look forward to as her greatest possible advantage."
After a short pause he resumed the conversation by saying,--
"Does your sister make no distinction in her objections against a second
attachment? or is it equally criminal in every body? Are those who have been
disappointed in their first choice, whether from the inconstancy of its object, or
the perverseness of circumstances, to be equally indifferent during the rest of
their lives?"
"Upon my word, I am not acquainted with the minutiae of her principles. I
only know that I never yet heard her admit any instance of a second attachment's
being pardonable."
"This," said he, "cannot hold; but a change, a total change of sentiments--No,
no, do not desire it; for when the romantic refinements of a young mind are
obliged to give way, how frequently are they succeeded by such opinions as are
but too common, and too dangerous! I speak from experience. I once knew a
lady who in temper and mind greatly resembled your sister, who thought and
judged like her, but who from an inforced change--from a series of unfortunate
circumstances"-- Here he stopt suddenly; appeared to think that he had said too
much, and by his countenance gave rise to conjectures, which might not
otherwise have entered Elinor's head. The lady would probably have passed
without suspicion, had he not convinced Miss Dashwood that what concerned
her ought not to escape his lips. As it was, it required but a slight effort of fancy

Thesaurus
appeared: (n) appearing. uncertainty, falseness, infidelity, minutiae: (n) particulars, trivia, facts,
atone: (v) satisfy, pay, propitiate, changeableness, changefulness, fine points, workings, consideration,
indemnify, compensate, make up, variability, disloyalty, caprice; (adj, n) ins and outs, information; (adj) small
recoup, apologize, abye, aby, repent. mutability. ANTONYMS: (n) fry.
ANTONYM: (v) forfeit. constancy, fidelity. nought: (adj, n) nil, naught, zero; (n)
countenance: (n) aspect, expression, indifferent: (adj) apathetic, impassive, cipher, cypher, nobody, aught, nix,
brow, complexion; (n, v) face, cold, cool, callous, fair, insensible, null, nada; (adj) no.
sanction, support, favor; (v) allow, unconcerned, careless, dull, average. perverseness: (n) perversity,
tolerate, uphold. ANTONYMS: (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) enthusiastic, cussedness, unruliness, wilfulness,
reject, oppose, discourage, fervent, keen, obsessive, energetic, willfulness, contumacy, obliquity,
disapprove, prohibit. eager, involved, surprised, degeneracy, depravity, deliberate
inconstancy: (n) fickleness, flightiness, exceptional, concerned, shocked. unruliness, crotchetiness.
 Jane Austen 59

to connect his emotion with the tender recollection of past regard. Elinor
attempted no more. But Marianne, in her place, would not have done so little.
The whole story would have been speedily formed under her active
imagination; and every thing established in the most melancholy order of
disastrous love.%

Thesaurus
connect: (v) bind, bond, join, attach, joyous, wonderful. dream, conceit, imagery, originality,
associate, annex, conjoin, relate, emotion: (n) love, feeling, passion, invention, resource, reflection,
unite, combine, affiliate. heart, commotion, mood, pathos, phantasy.
ANTONYMS: (v) separate, excitement, sensibility; (n, v) tender: (n, v) offer, proffer, bid; (adj, v)
disconnect, detach, unplug, undo, sensation; (v) impression. affectionate; (adj) painful, sensitive,
dissociate, clash, divide, clear. ANTONYMS: (n) detachment, soft, loving, sore; (v) propose,
disastrous: (adj) destructive, coldness, unfeelingness, calmness. present. ANTONYMS: (adj)
calamitous, fateful, dire, deplorable, formed: (adj) shaped, settled, defined, hardhearted, rubbery, hard, rough,
unfortunate, terrible, sinister, sad, characterized, conceived, affected, uncaring, healthy, mature, unfeeling,
unlucky; (adj, v) ruinous. fashioned, established, constructed, cold, experienced; (v) withdraw.
ANTONYMS: (adj) successful, lucky, definite, firm.
miraculous, wondrous, fortuitous, imagination: (n) vision, fancy, image,
 Jane Austen 61

CHAPTER 12

As Elinor and Marianne were walking together the next morning the latter
communicated a piece of news to her sister, which in spite of all that she knew
before of Marianne's imprudence and want of thought, surprised her by its
extravagant testimony of both. Marianne told her, with the greatest delight, that
Willoughby had given her a horse, one that he had bred himself on his estate in
Somersetshire, and which was exactly calculated to carry a woman. Without
considering that it was not in her mother's plan to keep any horse, that if she
were to alter her resolution in favour of this gift, she must buy another for the
servant, and keep a servant to ride it, and after all, build a stable to receive them,
she had accepted the present without hesitation, and told her sister of it in
raptures.%
"He intends to send his groom into Somersetshire immediately for it," she
added, "and when it arrives we will ride every day. You shall share its use with
me. Imagine to yourself, my dear Elinor, the delight of a gallop on some of these
downs."
Most unwilling was she to awaken from such a dream of felicity to
comprehend all the unhappy truths which attended the affair; and for some time
she refused to submit to them. As to an additional servant, the expense would be
a trifle; Mamma she was sure would never object to it; and any horse would do
for him; he might always get one at the park; as to a stable, the merest shed

Thesaurus
awaken: (v) arouse, wake, rouse, call, prodigal, exaggerated, profligate, arrange, train, coach, tidy, curry.
stir, kindle, get up, raise, wake up, costly, expensive, lavish, hesitation: (n, v) falter, fear; (n)
waken, revive. ANTONYMS: (v) immoderate, profuse, undue. hesitance, faltering, delay, hesitate,
dampen, calm, retire, suppress, spoil, ANTONYMS: (adj) restrained, frugal, diffidence, hesitancy, qualm,
quench, douse, stifle. parsimonious, plain, stingy, reluctance; (v) hesitating.
comprehend: (v) grasp, catch, see, understated, thrifty, reasonable, ANTONYMS: (n) certainty,
comprise, appreciate, feel, sense, moderate, cautious, tasteful. resolution, confidence, decisiveness,
apperceive, read; (adj, v) understand; gallop: (v) speed, dart, dash, race, enthusiasm, inclination, willingness.
(n, v) embrace. ANTONYMS: (v) spring, tear, hasten, sprint; (adj, v) fly; trifle: (n, v) play; (adj, n, v) trinket; (v)
mistake, misapprehend, exclude, (n, v) trot; (n) gait. dally, fiddle, flirt, fool, frivol; (n)
misunderstand, misconceive. groom: (n) equerry, bridegroom, nothing, triviality, detail; (adj, n)
extravagant: (adj) wasteful, luxurious, stableman, hostler; (v) prepare, dress, bagatelle.
62 Sense and Sensibility

would be sufficient. Elinor then ventured to doubt the propriety of her receiving
such a present from a man so little, or at least so lately known to her. This was
too much.%
"You are mistaken, Elinor," said she warmly, "in supposing I know very little
of Willoughby. I have not known him long indeed, but I am much better
acquainted with him, than I am with any other creature in the world, except
yourself and mama. It is not time or opportunity that is to determine intimacy;--
it is disposition alone. Seven years would be insufficient to make some people
acquainted with each other, and seven days are more than enough for others. I
should hold myself guilty of greater impropriety in accepting a horse from my
brother, than from Willoughby. Of John I know very little, though we have lived
together for years; but of Willoughby my judgment has long been formed."
Elinor thought it wisest to touch that point no more. She knew her sister's
temper. Opposition on so tender a subject would only attach her the more to her
own opinion. But by an appeal to her affection for her mother, by representing
the inconveniences which that indulgent mother must draw on herself, if (as
would probably be the case) she consented to this increase of establishment,
Marianne was shortly subdued; and she promised not to tempt her mother to
such imprudent kindness by mentioning the offer, and to tell Willoughby when
she saw him next, that it must be declined.
She was faithful to her word; and when Willoughby called at the cottage, the
same day, Elinor heard her express her disappointment to him in a low voice, on
being obliged to forego the acceptance of his present. The reasons for this
alteration were at the same time related, and they were such as to make further
entreaty on his side impossible. His concern however was very apparent; and
after expressing it with earnestness, he added, in the same low voice,--"But,
Marianne, the horse is still yours, though you cannot use it now. I shall keep it
only till you can claim it. When you leave Barton to form your own
establishment in a more lasting home, Queen Mab shall receive you."
This was all overheard by Miss Dashwood; and in the whole of the sentence,
in his manner of pronouncing it, and in his addressing her sister by her Christian

Thesaurus
disposition: (n) attitude, character, inaptitude. ANTONYMS: (n) (adj, v) permissive. ANTONYMS:
disposal, tendency, predisposition, decency, correctness. (adj) intolerant, unsympathetic,
inclination, propensity, bias, imprudent: (adj) foolish, foolhardy, severe, restrained, harsh,
arrangement, direction, aptitude. indiscreet, hasty, improvident, hardhearted, abstemious,
forego: (v) disclaim, antedate, impolitic, heedless, unadvised, disapproving.
renounce, antecede, waive, abandon, injudicious, unwary, unwise. pronouncing: (v) pronounce; (n)
resign, forgo, precede, relinquish, ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, prudent, pronunciation, utterance.
spare. cautious, wise, deliberate, discreet, tempt: (adj, v) attract, allure; (v) entice,
impropriety: (n) barbarism, obscenity, guarded, judicious, advisable. decoy, charm, inveigle, invite, coax,
indecorum, error, rudeness, indulgent: (adj) forgiving, gentle, seduce, fascinate, attempt.
indelicacy, incorrectness, solecism, clement, lenient, soft, kind, gracious, ANTONYMS: (v) discourage, appall,
wrongness; (adj) immorality, tolerant, merciful, compassionate; repel.
 Jane Austen 63

name alone, she instantly saw an intimacy so decided, a meaning so direct, as

marked a perfect agreement between them. From that moment she doubted not
of their being engaged to each other; and the belief of it created no other surprise
than that she, or any of their friends, should be left by tempers so frank, to
discover it by accident.%
Margaret related something to her the next day, which placed this matter in a
still clearer light. Willoughby had spent the preceding evening with them, and
Margaret, by being left some time in the parlour with only him and Marianne,
had had opportunity for observations, which, with a most important face, she
communicated to her eldest sister, when they were next by themselves.
"Oh, Elinor!" she cried, "I have such a secret to tell you about Marianne. I am
sure she will be married to Mr. Willoughby very soon."
"You have said so," replied Elinor, "almost every day since they first met on
High-church Down; and they had not known each other a week, I believe, before
you were certain that Marianne wore his picture round her neck; but it turned
out to be only the miniature of our great uncle."
"But indeed this is quite another thing. I am sure they will be married very
soon, for he has got a lock of her hair."
"Take care, Margaret. It may be only the hair of some great uncle of his."
"But, indeed, Elinor, it is Marianne's. I am almost sure it is, for I saw him cut
it off. Last night after tea, when you and mama went out of the room, they were
whispering and talking together as fast as could be, and he seemed to be begging
something of her, and presently he took up her scissors and cut off a long lock of
her hair, for it was all tumbled down her back; and he kissed it, and folded it up
in a piece of white paper; and put it into his pocket-book."
For such particulars, stated on such authority, Elinor could not withhold her
credit; nor was she disposed to it, for the circumstance was in perfect unison
with what she had heard and seen herself.
Margaret's sagacity was not always displayed in a way so satisfactory to her
sister. When Mrs. Jennings attacked her one evening at the park, to give the

Thesaurus
disposed: (adj) prone, apt, ready, prudence, gumption, acumen, ANTONYMS: (n) discord,
subject, prepared, liable, game, perspicacity; (adj, n) discretion, disharmony, disarray.
inclined, fain, likely, minded. wisdom. ANTONYM: (n) foolishness. whispering: (n) whisper, murmur,
ANTONYMS: (adj) ailing, scissors: (n) clipper, shears, pair of susurration, rustle, report, stage
indisposed, unlikely, disinclined, scissors, scissors hold, compound whisper; (adj, n) rustling; (adj)
reluctant, impervious. lever, edge tool, scissor grip, scissors susurrant, tranquil, hoarse,
parlour: (n) living room, parlor, sitting grip; (adj, n) cutters. susurrous.
room, front room, livingroom, room tumbled: (adj) disordered. withhold: (v) reserve, keep, suppress,
to meet guests, parlours, parlors, unison: (n) agreement, union, accord, deny, retain, hold, detain, restrain,
salon, reception room, room. coincidence, accordance, concord, abstain, check; (adj, v) stint.
sagacity: (n, v) discernment, judgment, unity, unisonance, concurrence, ANTONYMS: (v) transmit, release,
penetration; (n) judiciousness, sense, consonance, concordance. show, lavish, add.
64 Sense and Sensibility

name of the young man who was Elinor's particular favourite, which had been
long a matter of great curiosity to her, Margaret answered by looking at her
sister, and saying, "I must not tell, may I, Elinor?"
This of course made every body laugh; and Elinor tried to laugh too. But the
effort was painful. She was convinced that Margaret had fixed on a person
whose name she could not bear with composure to become a standing joke with
Mrs. Jennings.%
Marianne felt for her most sincerely; but she did more harm than good to the
cause, by turning very red and saying in an angry manner to Margaret,
"Remember that whatever your conjectures may be, you have no right to
repeat them."
"I never had any conjectures about it," replied Margaret; "it was you who told
me of it yourself."
This increased the mirth of the company, and Margaret was eagerly pressed
to say something more.
"Oh! pray, Miss Margaret, let us know all about it," said Mrs. Jennings.
"What is the gentleman's name?"
"I must not tell, ma'am. But I know very well what it is; and I know where he
is too."
"Yes, yes, we can guess where he is; at his own house at Norland to be sure.
He is the curate of the parish I dare say."
"No, that he is not. He is of no profession at all."
"Margaret," said Marianne with great warmth, "you know that all this is an
invention of your own, and that there is no such person in existence."
"Well, then, he is lately dead, Marianne, for I am sure there was such a man
once, and his name begins with an F."
Most grateful did Elinor feel to Lady Middleton for observing, at this
moment, "that it rained very hard," though she believed the interruption to
proceed less from any attention to her, than from her ladyship's great dislike of

believed: (adj) whispered, alleged,
thought, held.
composure: (n) calmness, serenity,
poise, calm, equanimity, temper,
aplomb, tranquillity, peace,
temperament, disposition.
ANTONYMS: (n) panic,
discomposure, anger, nervousness,
perturbation, anxiety, agitation,
turbulence, awkwardness.
curate: (n) rector, clergyman, minister, interruption: (n) disruption,
chaplain, pastor, Stipendiary curate,
Thesaurus
priest, vicar, incumbent, reverend, discontinuance, hiatus; (n, v) break,
canon. hindrance, impediment; (v) interrupt.
dislike: (n) disapproval, disaffection, ANTONYMS: (n) permanence, help,
antipathy, disdain, disfavor, respect.
revulsion; (n, v) hate, disinclination, lately: (adv) tardily, newly, freshly,
aversion, distaste; (v) detest. belatedly, slowly, latterly, deadly;
ANTONYMS: (n) liking, fondness, (adj, adv) anew, late, afresh; (adj)
taste, attraction, enjoyment, recent.
preference, longing; (v) like, enjoy, observing: (adj) observant, mindful,
approve, adore. watchful, commemorative, conscious,
observative, perceptive, thoughtful;
intermission, halt, pause, suspension, (n) investigation.
 Jane Austen 65

all such inelegant subjects of raillery as delighted her husband and mother. The
idea however started by her, was immediately pursued by Colonel Brandon,
who was on every occasion mindful of the feelings of others; and much was said
on the subject of rain by both of them. Willoughby opened the piano-forte, and
asked Marianne to sit down to it; and thus amidst the various endeavours of
different people to quit the topic, it fell to the ground. But not so easily did Elinor
recover from the alarm into which it had thrown her.%
A party was formed this evening for going on the following day to see a very
fine place about twelve miles from Barton, belonging to a brother-in-law of
Colonel Brandon, without whose interest it could not be seen, as the proprietor,
who was then abroad, had left strict orders on that head. The grounds were
declared to be highly beautiful, and Sir John, who was particularly warm in their
praise, might be allowed to be a tolerable judge, for he had formed parties to visit
them, at least, twice every summer for the last ten years. They contained a noble
piece of water; a sail on which was to a form a great part of the morning's
amusement; cold provisions were to be taken, open carriages only to be
employed, and every thing conducted in the usual style of a complete party of
pleasure.
To some few of the company it appeared rather a bold undertaking,
considering the time of year, and that it had rained every day for the last
fortnight;-- and Mrs. Dashwood, who had already a cold, was persuaded by
Elinor to stay at home.

Thesaurus
amidst: (adv, prep) among; (adv) rude, gawky, maladroit, crass, master, employer, patron,
amongst; (prep) between, midst, into. vulgar. ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful, proprietress, proprietary.
amusement: (n) pleasure, recreation, elegant, delicate, dexterous, tasteful. pursued: (n) hunted person.
entertainment, distraction, diversion, mindful: (adj) aware, attentive, quit: (adj, n, v) leave; (v) go, drop,
sport, pastime, laughter, enjoyment, careful, observant, conscious, break, cease, give up, depart, end,
joy, hobby. ANTONYMS: (n) heedful, considerate, cautious, discontinue; (adj, v) discharge; (n, v)
sadness, boredom, work, tedium, cognizant, regardful, thoughtful. part. ANTONYMS: (v) stay, occupy,
business, despondency, discomfort, ANTONYMS: (adj) unmindful, enter, maintain, start, come, arrive.
displeasure. heedless, inattentive, oblivious, undertaking: (n) promise, attempt,
carriages: (n) carriage. forgetful. project, venture, adventure,
inelegant: (adj) awkward, graceless, proprietor: (n) possessor, manager, endeavor, job, effort; (n, v) task, labor,
clumsy, coarse, crude, ungraceful, landlord, holder, host, keeper, business.
 Jane Austen 67

CHAPTER 13

Their intended excursion to Whitwell turned out very different from what
Elinor had expected. She was prepared to be wet through, fatigued, and
frightened; but the event was still more unfortunate, for they did not go at all.%
By ten o'clock the whole party was assembled at the park, where they were
to breakfast. The morning was rather favourable, though it had rained all night,
as the clouds were then dispersing across the sky, and the sun frequently
appeared. They were all in high spirits and good humour, eager to be happy,
and determined to submit to the greatest inconveniences and hardships rather
than be otherwise.
While they were at breakfast the letters were brought in. Among the rest
there was one for Colonel Brandon;--he took it, looked at the direction, changed
colour, and immediately left the room.
"What is the matter with Brandon?" said Sir John.
Nobody could tell.
"I hope he has had no bad news," said Lady Middleton. "It must be
something extraordinary that could make Colonel Brandon leave my breakfast
table so suddenly."
In about five minutes he returned.

assembled: (adj) amassed, collected,
collective, concentrated, united,
gather, assembling, gathered,
massed, built, aggregate.
eager: (adj) avid, ardent, agog, acute,
zealous, enthusiastic, keen,
ambitious, industrious, studious; (adj,
n) earnest. ANTONYMS: (adj)
indifferent, unconcerned, apathetic,
disinterested, unwilling,
unenthusiastic, lukewarm, patient,
reluctant, listless, bored.
Thesaurus
excursion: (n) expedition, jaunt,
outing, digression, drive, tour, airing, (n, v) resign. ANTONYMS: (v) resist,
voyage, deviation, stroll; (n, v)
journey.
fatigued: (adj) tired, weary, beat,
worn, tired out, jaded, spent, worn
out, done in, fagged, run-down.
ANTONYMS: (adj) refreshed, alert,
lively, energized, energetic.
hardships: (n) difficulty.
submit: (v) comply, obey, acquiesce,
give in, present, hand in, put
forward, hand over, propose, give;
persevere, defy, overpower, face,
disobey, conquer.
unfortunate: (adj) inauspicious, sad,
hapless, bad, inopportune,
disastrous, adverse, deplorable,
infelicitous, untoward, lamentable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lucky, auspicious,
good, opportune, joyous, timely,
appropriate, successful, easy,
privileged.
68 Sense and Sensibility

"No bad news, Colonel, I hope;" said Mrs. Jennings, as soon as he entered the
room.%
"None at all, ma'am, I thank you."
"Was it from Avignon? I hope it is not to say that your sister is worse."
"No, ma'am. It came from town, and is merely a letter of business."
"But how came the hand to discompose you so much, if it was only a letter of
business? Come, come, this won't do, Colonel; so let us hear the truth of it."
"My dear madam," said Lady Middleton, "recollect what you are saying."
"Perhaps it is to tell you that your cousin Fanny is married?" said Mrs.
Jennings, without attending to her daughter's reproof.
"No, indeed, it is not."
"Well, then, I know who it is from, Colonel. And I hope she is well."
"Whom do you mean, ma'am?" said he, colouring a little.
"Oh! you know who I mean."
"I am particularly sorry, ma'am," said he, addressing Lady Middleton, "that I
should receive this letter today, for it is on business which requires my
immediate attendance in town."
"In town!" cried Mrs. Jennings. "What can you have to do in town at this time
of year?"
"My own loss is great," he continued, "in being obliged to leave so agreeable
a party; but I am the more concerned, as I fear my presence is necessary to gain
your admittance at Whitwell."
What a blow upon them all was this!
"But if you write a note to the housekeeper, Mr. Brandon," said Marianne,
eagerly, "will it not be sufficient?"
He shook his head.
"We must go," said Sir John.--"It shall not be put off when we are so near it.
You cannot go to town till tomorrow, Brandon, that is all."

admittance: (n) access, accession,
introduction, door, matriculation,
inlet, permit, entrance, entree, entry,
input.
attending: (v) attend; (n) presence,
nursing, care, appearing, observation;
(adj) concomitant, attendant,
ministrant, in attendance, ancillary.
ANTONYMS: (n) nonattendance,
inattention.
came: (v) arrive, come.
colouring: (n) coloration, painting,
Thesaurus
colour, coloring, color, tincture, tint, domestic help, seneschal, house
hue, colouration, dyeing, exterior servant.
condition. ma'am: (n) lady, madam,
discompose: (v) confuse, discomfit, gentlewoman, milady, woman,
ruffle, agitate, abash, derange, madame, Grande dame, doll, chick,
disturb, disorder, unsettle, upset, brothel keeper, bird.
embarrass. ANTONYMS: (v) obliged: (adj) grateful, thankful,
compose, soothe, alleviate, calm, appreciative, forced, accountable,
quiet, settle. compelled; (adj, v) bound, under
housekeeper: (n) factotum, mistress, obligation; (adj, prep) indebted; (v)
shepherd, householder, housewife, oblige, binding. ANTONYM: (adj)
domestic, cleaning woman, croupier, ungrateful.
 Jane Austen 69

"I wish it could be so easily settled. But it is not in my power to delay my

journey for one day!"
"If you would but let us know what your business is," said Mrs. Jennings, "we
might see whether it could be put off or not."
"You would not be six hours later," said Willoughby, "if you were to defer
your journey till our return."
"I cannot afford to lose one hour."--
Elinor then heard Willoughby say, in a low voice to Marianne, "There are
some people who cannot bear a party of pleasure. Brandon is one of them. He
was afraid of catching cold I dare say, and invented this trick for getting out of
it. I would lay fifty guineas the letter was of his own writing."
"I have no doubt of it," replied Marianne.%
"There is no persuading you to change your mind, Brandon, I know of old,"
said Sir John, "when once you are determined on anything. But, however, I hope
you will think better of it. Consider, here are the two Miss Careys come over
from Newton, the three Miss Dashwoods walked up from the cottage, and Mr.
Willoughby got up two hours before his usual time, on purpose to go to
Whitwell."
Colonel Brandon again repeated his sorrow at being the cause of
disappointing the party; but at the same time declared it to be unavoidable.
"Well, then, when will you come back again?"
"I hope we shall see you at Barton," added her ladyship, "as soon as you can
conveniently leave town; and we must put off the party to Whitwell till you
return."
"You are very obliging. But it is so uncertain, when I may have it in my
power to return, that I dare not engage for it at all."
"Oh! he must and shall come back," cried Sir John. "If he is not here by the
end of the week, I shall go after him."

Thesaurus
catching: (adj) communicable, procrastinate, bow, suspend, retard, satisfactory.
infectious, epidemic, gripping, accede, protract; (adj, v) put off; (n, v) invented: (adj) fictional, fabricated,
transferable, zymotic; (n) discovery, delay. ANTONYMS: (v) advance, imaginary, unreal, fake, mythical,
take, playing, uncovering, getting. rush, hurry, hasten, forge, disagree, legendary, fictive, fancied, fabulous,
ANTONYM: (adj) noncommunicable. expedite, continue, resist. ben trovato. ANTONYMS: (adj)
conveniently: (adv) easily, disappointing: (adj) unsatisfactory, genuine, factual, true, actual.
opportunely, expediently, usefully, regrettable, insufficient, obliging: (adj, v) complaisant,
fitly, properly, practically, timely, disheartening, disappointment, off, courteous; (adj) amiable, affable,
helpfully, commodiously; (adv, v) dashing hopes, deceitful, deplorable, gentle, kind, good, benign, pleasant,
advantageously. ANTONYMS: (adv) dissatisfactory, distressing. gracious, compliant. ANTONYMS:
awkwardly, clumsily. ANTONYMS: (adj) encouraging, (adj) uncooperative, unkind, contrary,
defer: (v) adjourn, postpone, comply, satisfying, acceptable, fortunate, reticent.
70 Sense and Sensibility

"Ay, so do, Sir John," cried Mrs. Jennings, "and then perhaps you may find
out what his business is."
"I do not want to pry into other men's concerns. I suppose it is something he
is ashamed of."
Colonel Brandon's horses were announced.%
"You do not go to town on horseback, do you?" added Sir John.
"No. Only to Honiton. I shall then go post."
"Well, as you are resolved to go, I wish you a good journey. But you had
better change your mind."
"I assure you it is not in my power."
He then took leave of the whole party.
"Is there no chance of my seeing you and your sisters in town this winter,
Miss Dashwood?"
"I am afraid, none at all."
"Then I must bid you farewell for a longer time than I should wish to do."
To Marianne, he merely bowed and said nothing.
"Come Colonel," said Mrs. Jennings, "before you go, do let us know what you
are going about."
He wished her a good morning, and, attended by Sir John, left the room.
The complaints and lamentations which politeness had hitherto restrained,
now burst forth universally; and they all agreed again and again how provoking
it was to be so disappointed.
"I can guess what his business is, however," said Mrs. Jennings exultingly.
"Can you, ma'am?" said almost every body.
"Yes; it is about Miss Williams, I am sure."
"And who is Miss Williams?" asked Marianne.

bowed: (adj) arched, curved, inclined,
crooked, arciform, arching, arced,
bandy, arcuate, twisted, bended.
ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, concave,
plucked.
concerns: (n) dealings, affairs.
exultingly: (adv) triumphantly,
jubilantly, rejoicingly, pridefully,
triumphally.
farewell: (int, n) adieu; (n) bye, leave,
valediction, adios, parting, goodbye,
separation, departure, aloha; (int) bon
Thesaurus
voyage. ANTONYMS: (n) hello, restrained: (adj) reserved, quiet,
salutation, welcome. modest, temperate, discreet, limited,
hitherto: (adv) as yet, yet, so far, up to reasonable, subdued, unemotional,
now, until now, thus far, before, reticent, guarded. ANTONYMS: (adj)
hereunto, to date, still, all the same. unrestrained, open, flashy, immoral,
horseback: (n) hogback, body part. ostentatious, wild, loud, theatrical,
provoking: (adj) provocative, outgoing, extravagant, emotional.
annoying, aggravating, galling, universally: (adv) commonly, globally,
maddening, vexatious, agitative, ally, everywhere, totally, Catholicly,
tempting, agitating; (adj, v) irritating, cosmically, ubiquitously, prevalently,
insulting. ANTONYMS: (adj) regularly, usually. ANTONYMS:
conciliatory, courteous, satisfying. (adv) narrowly, locally.
 Jane Austen 71

"What! do not you know who Miss Williams is? I am sure you must have
heard of her before. She is a relation of the Colonel's, my dear; a very near
relation. We will not say how near, for fear of shocking the young ladies." Then,
lowering her voice a little, she said to Elinor, "She is his natural daughter."
"Indeed!"
"Oh, yes; and as like him as she can stare. I dare say the Colonel will leave her
all his fortune."
When Sir John returned, he joined most heartily in the general regret on so
unfortunate an event; concluding however by observing, that as they were all
got together, they must do something by way of being happy; and after some
consultation it was agreed, that although happiness could only be enjoyed at
Whitwell, they might procure a tolerable composure of mind by driving about
the country. The carriages were then ordered; Willoughby's was first, and
Marianne never looked happier than when she got into it. He drove through the
park very fast, and they were soon out of sight; and nothing more of them was
seen till their return, which did not happen till after the return of all the rest.
They both seemed delighted with their drive; but said only in general terms that
they had kept in the lanes, while the others went on the downs.%
It was settled that there should be a dance in the evening, and that every
body should be extremely merry all day long. Some more of the Careys came to
dinner, and they had the pleasure of sitting down nearly twenty to table, which
Sir John observed with great contentment. Willoughby took his usual place
between the two elder Miss Dashwoods. Mrs. Jennings sat on Elinor's right hand;
and they had not been long seated, before she leant behind her and Willoughby,
and said to Marianne, loud enough for them both to hear, "I have found you out
in spite of all your tricks. I know where you spent the morning."
Marianne coloured, and replied very hastily, "Where, pray?"--
"Did not you know," said Willoughby, "that we had been out in my curricle?"
"Yes, yes, Mr. Impudence, I know that very well, and I was determined to
find out where you had been to.-- I hope you like your house, Miss Marianne. It

concluding: (adj) last, terminal,
ultimate, closing, definitive,
conclusive, latest; (n) ending, dying,
finishing, reasoning. ANTONYMS:
(adj) opening, former, first.
contentment: (n) content, happiness,
pleasure, fulfillment, ease, delight,
comfort, complacency, bliss, joy,
contentedness. ANTONYMS: (n)
dissatisfaction, sadness, discomfort,
discontentment, misery,
unhappiness, displeasure, discontent,
Thesaurus
panic, anxiety.
impudence: (adj, n) boldness, brass; (n)
cheek, gall, audacity, impertinence,
insolence, face, cheekiness,
effrontery, assurance. ANTONYMS:
(n) cowardice, reticence.
leant: (adj) inclined.
lowering: (adj) heavy, dismal, gloomy,
threatening, dark, glum, murky; (n)
fall, drop, cut, decline.
merry: (adj) joyful, lively, cheerful,
glad, jolly, facetious, frolicsome,
lighthearted, festive; (adj, n)
convivial, jovial. ANTONYMS: (adj)
gloomy, miserable, serious, uptight.
procure: (v) get, obtain, buy, earn, win,
gain, have, purchase, induce, derive,
find. ANTONYM: (v) give.
seated: (adj) sat, sedentary.
stare: (n, v) gaze, look; (v) gape, glare,
peer, squint, goggle, see, outface; (n)
regard, contemplation. ANTONYM:
(v) glance.
went: (v) walked, proceeded.
72 Sense and Sensibility

is a very large one, I know; and when I come to see you, I hope you will have
new-furnished it, for it wanted it very much when I was there six years ago."
Marianne turned away in great confusion. Mrs. Jennings laughed heartily;
and Elinor found that in her resolution to know where they had been, she had
actually made her own woman enquire of Mr. Willoughby's groom; and that she
had by that method been informed that they had gone to Allenham, and spent a
considerable time there in walking about the garden and going all over the
house.%
Elinor could hardly believe this to be true, as it seemed very unlikely that
Willoughby should propose, or Marianne consent, to enter the house while Mrs.
Smith was in it, with whom Marianne had not the smallest acquaintance.
As soon as they left the dining-room, Elinor enquired of her about it; and
great was her surprise when she found that every circumstance related by Mrs.
Jennings was perfectly true. Marianne was quite angry with her for doubting it.
"Why should you imagine, Elinor, that we did not go there, or that we did not
see the house? Is not it what you have often wished to do yourself?"
"Yes, Marianne, but I would not go while Mrs. Smith was there, and with no
other companion than Mr. Willoughby."
"Mr. Willoughby however is the only person who can have a right to shew
that house; and as he went in an open carriage, it was impossible to have any
other companion. I never spent a pleasanter morning in my life."
"I am afraid," replied Elinor, "that the pleasantness of an employment does
not always evince its propriety."
"On the contrary, nothing can be a stronger proof of it, Elinor; for if there had
been any real impropriety in what I did, I should have been sensible of it at the
time, for we always know when we are acting wrong, and with such a conviction
I could have had no pleasure."
"But, my dear Marianne, as it has already exposed you to some very
impertinent remarks, do you not now begin to doubt the discretion of your own
conduct?"
Thesaurus
contrary: (adj, n) contradictory, skeptical, suspicious, sceptical, wary, sweetness, niceness, suavity,
reverse; (adj) adverse, conflicting, doubts, distrusting. ANTONYM: disagreeableness, attractiveness,
unfavorable, perverse, cross, (adj) credulous. gaiety, kindness, delightfulness,
disobedient, alien, different, evince: (v) show, display, evidence, geniality, charm. ANTONYMS: (n)
obstinate. ANTONYMS: (adj) similar, argue, indicate, manifest, mark, atrociousness, harshness, ghastliness,
harmonious, helpful, obliging, express, prove, establish, exhibit. gruesomeness, grumpiness,
compatible, complaisant, concordant, impertinent: (adj) fresh, pert, saucy, repulsiveness, nastiness, unkindness.
parallel, agreeable, cooperative, forward, audacious, brash, brazen, smallest: (adj) least, minimal, littlest,
favorable. extraneous, discourteous, lowest, last, first, negligible, smallest
dining-room: (n) canteen, restaurant. disrespectful, flippant. ANTONYMS: number of, bottom, littler.
doubting: (adj) doubtful, distrustful, (adj) respectful, polite, courteous. ANTONYM: (adj) maximum.
disbelieving, incredulous, doubt, pleasantness: (n) agreeableness,
 Jane Austen 73

"If the impertinent remarks of Mrs. Jennings are to be the proof of

impropriety in conduct, we are all offending every moment of our lives. I value
not her censure any more than I should do her commendation. I am not sensible
of having done anything wrong in walking over Mrs. Smith's grounds, or in
seeing her house. They will one day be Mr. Willoughby's, and--"
"If they were one day to be your own, Marianne, you would not be justified
in what you have done."
She blushed at this hint; but it was even visibly gratifying to her; and after a
ten minutes' interval of earnest thought, she came to her sister again, and said
with great good humour, "Perhaps, Elinor, it was rather ill-judged in me to go to
Allenham; but Mr. Willoughby wanted particularly to shew me the place; and it
is a charming house, I assure you.--There is one remarkably pretty sitting room
up stairs; of a nice comfortable size for constant use, and with modern furniture
it would be delightful. It is a corner room, and has windows on two sides. On
one side you look across the bowling-green, behind the house, to a beautiful
hanging wood, and on the other you have a view of the church and village, and,
beyond them, of those fine bold hills that we have so often admired. I did not see
it to advantage, for nothing could be more forlorn than the furniture,--but if it
were newly fitted up--a couple of hundred pounds, Willoughby says, would
make it one of the pleasantest summer-rooms in England."
Could Elinor have listened to her without interruption from the others, she
would have described every room in the house with equal delight.%

Thesaurus
censure: (n, v) accuse, reprimand, guarantee. ANTONYMS: (adj) enjoyable, delightful, pleasurable,
reproach, attack, animadversion, flippant, halfhearted, uncertain, rewarding, welcome, satisfying, nice;
abuse; (n) accusation, condemnation; insincere, unimportant, nonchalant, (adj, v) grateful; (v) gratify.
(v) carp, condemn, berate. lethargic, apathetic, unenthusiastic, ANTONYMS: (adj) disappointing,
ANTONYMS: (v) approve, indifferent, frivolous. unwelcome, unrewarding,
commend, allow, endorse, laud, forlorn: (adj) hopeless, desolate, frustrating, disagreeable,
permit, sanction; (n) approval, despairing, unhappy, miserable, heartbreaking, annoying, unpleasant.
blessing, commendation; (n, v) deserted, disconsolate, downcast, ill-judged: (adj) imprudent, impolitic,
compliment. cheerless, wretched, abject. injudicious, incautious.
earnest: (adj, v) devout; (adj) eager, ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, hopeful, remarks: (n) commentary,
solemn, heartfelt, diligent, studious, fine. explanation.
sincere, intense, ardent, staid; (n) gratifying: (adj) agreeable, pleasant,
 Jane Austen 75

CHAPTER 14

The sudden termination of Colonel Brandon's visit at the park, with his
steadiness in concealing its cause, filled the mind, and raised the wonder of Mrs.
Jennings for two or three days; she was a great wonderer, as every one must be
who takes a very lively interest in all the comings and goings of all their
acquaintance. She wondered, with little intermission what could be the reason
of it; was sure there must be some bad news, and thought over every kind of
distress that could have befallen him, with a fixed determination that he should
not escape them all.%
"Something very melancholy must be the matter, I am sure," said she. "I
could see it in his face. Poor man! I am afraid his circumstances may be bad. The
estate at Delaford was never reckoned more than two thousand a year, and his
brother left everything sadly involved. I do think he must have been sent for
about money matters, for what else can it be? I wonder whether it is so. I would
give anything to know the truth of it. Perhaps it is about Miss Williams and, by
the bye, I dare say it is, because he looked so conscious when I mentioned her.
May be she is ill in town; nothing in the world more likely, for I have a notion
she is always rather sickly. I would lay any wager it is about Miss Williams. It is
not so very likely he should be distressed in his circumstances now, for he is a
very prudent man, and to be sure must have cleared the estate by this time. I
wonder what it can be! May be his sister is worse at Avignon, and has sent for

Thesaurus
cleared: (adj) absolved, clean, empty, troubled. ANTONYMS: (adj) v) infirm; (adj, v) faint. ANTONYMS:
exculpated, bleak, innocent, exempt, composed, content, euphoric, happy, (adj) healthy, bitter, robust.
vindicated, exonerated, guiltless, let comforted, glad, joyful, collected, steadiness: (adj, n) stability, firmness,
off. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, unconcerned, unaffected. steadfastness; (n) regularity,
uncleared, guilty. intermission: (n) rest, pause, lull, equilibrium, consistency, resolution,
concealing: (n) covering, concealment, cessation, suspension, interruption, permanence, persistence, sureness;
burial, stealing, stealth, screening, abeyance, disruption, gap, (adj) stableness. ANTONYMS: (n)
burying, screenings, activity; (adj) discontinuance, respite. ANTONYM: unsteadiness, instability,
suppressive. (n) continuation. unreliability.
distressed: (adj) worried, distraught, sickly: (adj, adv) poorly; (n) invalid; wager: (n, v) stake, hazard, risk,
anxious, sad, disturbed, downcast, (adj) sick, ailing, pale, sallow, venture, gamble, chance; (v) lay,
hurt, distracted, wretched, shocked, indisposed, morbid, diseased; (adj, n, pledge, pawn, play; (n) stakes.
76 Sense and Sensibility

him over. His setting off in such a hurry seems very like it. Well, I wish him out
of all his trouble with all my heart, and a good wife into the bargain."
So wondered, so talked Mrs. Jennings. Her opinion varying with every fresh
conjecture, and all seeming equally probable as they arose. Elinor, though she
felt really interested in the welfare of Colonel Brandon, could not bestow all the
wonder on his going so suddenly away, which Mrs. Jennings was desirous of her
feeling; for besides that the circumstance did not in her opinion justify such
lasting amazement or variety of speculation, her wonder was otherwise disposed
of. It was engrossed by the extraordinary silence of her sister and Willoughby on
the subject, which they must know to be peculiarly interesting to them all. As
this silence continued, every day made it appear more strange and more
incompatible with the disposition of both. Why they should not openly
acknowledge to her mother and herself, what their constant behaviour to each
other declared to have taken place, Elinor could not imagine.%
She could easily conceive that marriage might not be immediately in their
power; for though Willoughby was independent, there was no reason to believe
him rich. His estate had been rated by Sir John at about six or seven hundred a
year; but he lived at an expense to which that income could hardly be equal, and
he had himself often complained of his poverty. But for this strange kind of
secrecy maintained by them relative to their engagement, which in fact concealed
nothing at all, she could not account; and it was so wholly contradictory to their
general opinions and practice, that a doubt sometimes entered her mind of their
being really engaged, and this doubt was enough to prevent her making any
inquiry of Marianne.
Nothing could be more expressive of attachment to them all, than
Willoughby's behaviour. To Marianne it had all the distinguishing tenderness
which a lover's heart could give, and to the rest of the family it was the
affectionate attention of a son and a brother. The cottage seemed to be
considered and loved by him as his home; many more of his hours were spent
there than at Allenham; and if no general engagement collected them at the park,
the exercise which called him out in the morning was almost certain of ending

Thesaurus
affectionate: (adj) fond, tender, kind, conjecture: (n) supposition, seeming: (adj) ostensible, superficial,
mild, devoted, ardent, warm, cordial, speculation, assumption, surmise, illusory, outward, probable,
caring, brotherly; (adj, adv) fatherly. hypothesis; (v) suppose, believe, deceptive, specious; (adj, n)
ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring, callous, anticipate, assume, speculate; (n, v) appearance, semblance; (n) aspect,
undemonstrative, aloof, cool, estimate. ANTONYMS: (n) certainty; show. ANTONYMS: (adj) actual,
disapproving, reserved, antagonistic, (v) demonstrate, know, learn, prove. deep, inner.
paternal, rough. peculiarly: (adj, adv) particularly, tenderness: (n) fondness, soreness,
bestow: (v) give, confer, grant, impart, curiously, unusually, uncommonly, love, affection, sympathy; (adj, n)
contribute, donate, apply, award; singularly; (adv) especially, oddly, clemency, mildness, compassion,
(adj, v) accord, allow, present. strangely, specifically, weirdly, gentleness, softness, delicacy.
ANTONYMS: (v) deprive, refuse, specially. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, dryness,
withhold, retrieve, withdraw. typically, ordinarily, slightly. hatred, strength, detachment.
 Jane Austen 77

there, where the rest of the day was spent by himself at the side of Marianne, and
by his favourite pointer at her feet.%
One evening in particular, about a week after Colonel Brandon left the
country, his heart seemed more than usually open to every feeling of attachment
to the objects around him; and on Mrs. Dashwood's happening to mention her
design of improving the cottage in the spring, he warmly opposed every
alteration of a place which affection had established as perfect with him.
"What!" he exclaimed--"Improve this dear cottage! No. that I will never
consent to. Not a stone must be added to its walls, not an inch to its size, if my
feelings are regarded."
"Do not be alarmed," said Miss Dashwood, "nothing of the kind will be done;
for my mother will never have money enough to attempt it."
"I am heartily glad of it," he cried. "May she always be poor, if she can
employ her riches no better."
"Thank you, Willoughby. But you may be assured that I would not sacrifice
one sentiment of local attachment of yours, or of any one whom I loved, for all
the improvements in the world. Depend upon it that whatever unemployed sum
may remain, when I make up my accounts in the spring, I would even rather lay
it uselessly by than dispose of it in a manner so painful to you. But are you
really so attached to this place as to see no defect in it?"
"I am," said he. "To me it is faultless. Nay, more, I consider it as the only
form of building in which happiness is attainable, and were I rich enough I
would instantly pull Combe down, and build it up again in the exact plan of this
cottage."
"With dark narrow stairs and a kitchen that smokes, I suppose," said Elinor.
"Yes," cried he in the same eager tone, "with all and every thing belonging to
it;--in no one convenience or inconvenience about it, should the least variation be
perceptible. Then, and then only, under such a roof, I might perhaps be as happy
at Combe as I have been at Barton."

dispose: (n, v) incline, order, influence;
(v) adjust, predispose, position, place,
lead, tend; (n) bias, array.
ANTONYMS: (v) disturb, disqualify,
displace, disorder, disincline,
disarrange.
inconvenience: (n, v) trouble,
incommode; (v) discommode,
disoblige, annoy, disturb, disquiet;
(n) disadvantage, difficulty, nuisance,
unsuitableness. ANTONYMS: (n)
expediency, advantage; (v) help,
Thesaurus
please.
riches: (n, v) money; (n) affluence,
abundance, fortune, opulence, plenty,
prosperity, exuberance, treasure,
resources; (v) gold.
sentiment: (n) emotion, mind, notion,
feeling, persuasion, opinion,
judgment, sense, judgement, attitude,
impression.
uselessly: (adv) ineffectually, futilely,
fruitlessly, needlessly, pointlessly, in
vain, worthlessly, abortively,
hopelessly, bootlessly, unnecessarily.
ANTONYMS: (adv) helpfully,
successfully, effectively.
warmly: (adv) cordially, ardently,
hotly, genially, affectionately,
vigorously, fervently, zealously,
eagerly, strongly, pleasantly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) coolly,
inhospitably, sourly, disagreeably,
indifferently, frostily, roughly,
rudely, apathetically.
yours: (adj) own.
78 Sense and Sensibility

"I flatter myself," replied Elinor, "that even under the disadvantage of better
rooms and a broader staircase, you will hereafter find your own house as
faultless as you now do this."
"There certainly are circumstances," said Willoughby, "which might greatly
endear it to me; but this place will always have one claim of my affection, which
no other can possibly share."
Mrs. Dashwood looked with pleasure at Marianne, whose fine eyes were
fixed so expressively on Willoughby, as plainly denoted how well she
understood him.%
"How often did I wish," added he, "when I was at Allenham this time
twelvemonth, that Barton cottage were inhabited! I never passed within view of
it without admiring its situation, and grieving that no one should live in it. How
little did I then think that the very first news I should hear from Mrs. Smith,
when I next came into the country, would be that Barton cottage was taken: and I
felt an immediate satisfaction and interest in the event, which nothing but a kind
of prescience of what happiness I should experience from it, can account for.
Must it not have been so, Marianne?" speaking to her in a lowered voice. Then
continuing his former tone, he said, "And yet this house you would spoil, Mrs.
Dashwood? You would rob it of its simplicity by imaginary improvement! and
this dear parlour in which our acquaintance first began, and in which so many
happy hours have been since spent by us together, you would degrade to the
condition of a common entrance, and every body would be eager to pass through
the room which has hitherto contained within itself more real accommodation
and comfort than any other apartment of the handsomest dimensions in the
world could possibly afford."
Mrs. Dashwood again assured him that no alteration of the kind should be
attempted.
"You are a good woman," he warmly replied. "Your promise makes me easy.
Extend it a little farther, and it will make me happy. Tell me that not only your
house will remain the same, but that I shall ever find you and yours as

degrade: (v) cheapen, demean,
corrupt, decrease, dishonor,
disparage; (n, v) disgrace, reduce;
(adj, n, v) abase; (adj, v) debauch,
lessen. ANTONYMS: (v) honor,
admire, aggrade, elevate, uplift,
worship, respect, promote, praise,
dignify, purify.
endear: (adj, v) attract; (adj) attach,
turn the head, seduce, fascinate,
enrapture; (v) enamor, dear,
captivate, indear, bewitch.
Thesaurus
flatter: (v) fawn, adulate, wheedle,
cajole, soap, kowtow, blandish,
grovel, butter up; (n, v) court; (n)
caress. ANTONYMS: (v) insult,
disparage, criticize, discourage.
grieving: (adj) sorrowful, bereft,
bereaved, mournful, aggrieved, sad,
teenful, despondent; (v) grief,
affliction; (n) sorrow.
hereafter: (adv) thereafter, from now
on, hence, henceforth, hereinafter,
afterwards; (n) afterlife, futurity, time insight.
to come, great beyond, future life.
inhabited: (v) populous, full of people,
arrayed, clothed, dressed,
accustomed, habited; (adj, v) peopled;
(adj) occupied, settled, housing.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unoccupied,
uninhabited, business.
prescience: (n) forecast, precognition,
anticipation, prevision,
foreknowledge, forethought, vision,
presentiment, prediction, hunch,
 Jane Austen 79

unchanged as your dwelling; and that you will always consider me with the
kindness which has made everything belonging to you so dear to me."
The promise was readily given, and Willoughby's behaviour during the
whole of the evening declared at once his affection and happiness.%
"Shall we see you tomorrow to dinner?" said Mrs. Dashwood, when he was
leaving them. "I do not ask you to come in the morning, for we must walk to the
park, to call on Lady Middleton."
He engaged to be with them by four o'clock.

Thesaurus
affection: (n) charity, attachment, residence, house, place, quickly, immediately, instantly,
fondness, heart, love, disease, nature, accommodation, address, building, willingly, soon, eagerly; (adj, adv)
feeling, affectionateness, tenderness, lodge, habitation; (adj, n) dwell. handily, smoothly. ANTONYMS:
kindness. ANTONYMS: (n) disgust, engaged: (adj) occupied, betrothed, (adv) grudgingly, eventually,
neglect, malice, loathing, dislike, employed, affianced, engrossed, reluctantly, unenthusiastically.
detachment, coldness, roughness. reserved, absorbed, working, unchanged: (adj) regular, undeviating,
belonging: (adj) appertaining, pledged, involved, committed. unalterable, unchanging, invariable,
appertinent, apropos, apposite; (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) free, unengaged, unvarying, unvaried, unmoved; (adj,
household, family, appendage, unemployed, uncommitted, v) identical, same; (v) like.
appurtenance, intimacy, commodity, unattached, single, detached, idle. ANTONYMS: (adj) reformed,
closeness. ANTONYM: (n) antipathy. o'clock: (n) period, hours. distorted, affected, changed, altered,
dwelling: (n) domicile, home, readily: (adv) easily, lightly, freely, varied, fluid.
 Jane Austen 81

CHAPTER 15

Mrs. Dashwood's visit to Lady Middleton took place the next day, and two of
her daughters went with her; but Marianne excused herself from being of the
party, under some trifling pretext of employment; and her mother, who
concluded that a promise had been made by Willoughby the night before of
calling on her while they were absent, was perfectly satisfied with her remaining
at home.%
On their return from the park they found Willoughby's curricle and servant
in waiting at the cottage, and Mrs. Dashwood was convinced that her conjecture
had been just. So far it was all as she had foreseen; but on entering the house she
beheld what no foresight had taught her to expect. They were no sooner in the
passage than Marianne came hastily out of the parlour apparently in violent
affliction, with her handkerchief at her eyes; and without noticing them ran up
stairs. Surprised and alarmed they proceeded directly into the room she had just
quitted, where they found only Willoughby, who was leaning against the
mantel-piece with his back towards them. He turned round on their coming in,
and his countenance shewed that he strongly partook of the emotion which over-
powered Marianne.
"Is anything the matter with her?" cried Mrs. Dashwood as she entered--"is
she ill?"

Thesaurus
alarmed: (adj) afraid, scared, adventitious, accidental, predictable. quickly, rashly, promptly, suddenly,
frightened, apprehensive, horrified, foresight: (n) prevision, forecast, thoughtlessly, impetuously, swiftly,
anxious, uneasy, agitated, shocked, caution, prospicience, calculation, imprudently, speedily. ANTONYMS:
terrified, concerned. ANTONYM: prescience, prediction, precaution, (adv) carefully, unhurriedly,
(adj) carefree. vision, foresightedness; (n, v) industriously, sensibly, prudently,
cottage: (n) cabin, bungalow, crib, hut, expectation. ANTONYM: (n) late, calmly, thoroughly, patiently,
villa, lodge, shanty, chalet, country hindsight. gradually, cautiously.
house, house, cot. handkerchief: (n) hankie, kerchief, noticing: (n) observation, look; (adj)
excused: (adj) privileged, immune. bandanna, cravat, hanky, wipe, conscious.
foreseen: (v) foresee, long expected; bandana, collar, shawl; (n, v) napkin; pretext: (n) pretense, pretension, color,
(adj) envisioned, foretold, contingent, (v) sudary. pretence, mask, plea, guise, sham,
concourse, coming, casual, hastily: (adv) hurriedly, rapidly, appearance; (n, v) excuse, cloak.
82 Sense and Sensibility

"I hope not," he replied, trying to look cheerful; and with a forced smile
presently added, "It is I who may rather expect to be ill--for I am now suffering
under a very heavy disappointment!"
"Disappointment?"
"Yes, for I am unable to keep my engagement with you. Mrs. Smith has this
morning exercised the privilege of riches upon a poor dependent cousin, by
sending me on business to London. I have just received my dispatches, and
taken my farewell of Allenham; and by way of exhilaration I am now come to
take my farewell of you."
"To London!--and are you going this morning?"
"Almost this moment."
"This is very unfortunate. But Mrs. Smith must be obliged;--and her business
will not detain you from us long I hope."
He coloured as he replied, "You are very kind, but I have no idea of returning
into Devonshire immediately. My visits to Mrs. Smith are never repeated within
the twelvemonth."
"And is Mrs. Smith your only friend? Is Allenham the only house in the
neighbourhood to which you will be welcome? For shame, Willoughby, can you
wait for an invitation here?"
His colour increased; and with his eyes fixed on the ground he only replied,
"You are too good."
Mrs. Dashwood looked at Elinor with surprise. Elinor felt equal amazement.
For a few moments every one was silent. Mrs. Dashwood first spoke.%
"I have only to add, my dear Willoughby, that at Barton cottage you will
always be welcome; for I will not press you to return here immediately, because
you only can judge how far that might be pleasing to Mrs. Smith; and on this
head I shall be no more disposed to question your judgment than to doubt your
inclination."

Thesaurus
amazement: (n) admiration, wonder, gloomy, sad, depressing, grim, proficient, veteran.
surprise, consternation, stupefaction, hopeless, miserable, morose, somber, exhilaration: (n) excitement,
stupor, wonderment, feeling, alarm, dejected, unwelcoming. cheerfulness, delight, happiness,
jolt; (v) amaze. ANTONYMS: (n) coloured: (adj) colorful, biased, black, animation, glee, joyfulness,
preparation, indifference, partial, painted, dyed, unfair, blue, joyousness, rapture, joy; (adj, n)
expectation, coolness, cool, hued, color, artificial. hilarity. ANTONYMS: (n) boredom,
composure, calmness, contempt, engagement: (n, v) combat, battle, despair, sadness.
belief. action, fight, contest; (n) conflict, presently: (adv) instantly, directly,
cheerful: (adj, v) buoyant; (adj) breezy, commitment, appointment, contract, currently, before long, shortly, soon,
merry, optimistic, pleasant, glad, duty, date. ANTONYM: (n) now, at present, readily, just,
blithe, carefree, bright, lively, happy. disengagement. actually. ANTONYMS: (adv) later,
ANTONYMS: (adj) depressed, exercised: (adj) applied, distressed, now, formerly.
 Jane Austen 83

"My engagements at present," replied Willoughby, confusedly, "are of such a

nature--that--I dare not flatter myself"--
He stopt. Mrs. Dashwood was too much astonished to speak, and another
pause succeeded. This was broken by Willoughby, who said with a faint smile,
"It is folly to linger in this manner. I will not torment myself any longer by
remaining among friends whose society it is impossible for me now to enjoy."
He then hastily took leave of them all and left the room. They saw him step
into his carriage, and in a minute it was out of sight.%
Mrs. Dashwood felt too much for speech, and instantly quitted the parlour to
give way in solitude to the concern and alarm which this sudden departure
occasioned.
Elinor's uneasiness was at least equal to her mother's. She thought of what
had just passed with anxiety and distrust. Willoughby's behaviour in taking
leave of them, his embarrassment, and affectation of cheerfulness, and, above all,
his unwillingness to accept her mother's invitation, a backwardness so unlike a
lover, so unlike himself, greatly disturbed her. One moment she feared that no
serious design had ever been formed on his side; and the next that some
unfortunate quarrel had taken place between him and her sister;--the distress in
which Marianne had quitted the room was such as a serious quarrel could most
reasonably account for, though when she considered what Marianne's love for
him was, a quarrel seemed almost impossible.
But whatever might be the particulars of their separation, her sister's
affliction was indubitable; and she thought with the tenderest compassion of
that violent sorrow which Marianne was in all probability not merely giving way
to as a relief, but feeding and encouraging as a duty.
In about half an hour her mother returned, and though her eyes were red, her
countenance was not uncheerful.
"Our dear Willoughby is now some miles from Barton, Elinor," said she, as
she sat down to work, "and with how heavy a heart does he travel?"

Thesaurus
affectation: (n) pretension, feint, pose, dazedly, befuddledly, muddily, beau, buff, love, admirer, beloved,
display, airs, affectedness, bemusedly, dizzily, bewilderedly, amorist, man.
ostentation, show, pretense, puzzledly. uncheerful: (adj) cheerless, drabber,
mannerism, sham. ANTONYMS: (n) indubitable: (adj, v) indisputable, drear, dreary, gloomy, lacking cheer,
artlessness, honesty, modesty. incontrovertible, incontestable; (adj, disconsolate, unwilling, grim, drab,
backwardness: (n) reserve, n) certain; (adj) unquestionable, dismal. ANTONYM: (adj) cheerful.
abnormality, amentia, stupidity, evident, apparent, conclusive, sure, uneasiness: (n) disquiet, discomfort,
arrearage, diffidence, bashfulness, undeniable; (adv) doubtless. inquietude, anxiety, unease, malaise,
shyness, lag, mongoloid, ANTONYMS: (adj) dubious, disquietude, apprehension, unrest,
subnormality. questionable, debatable, doubtful, impatience; (n, v) agitation.
confusedly: (adv) obscurely, uncertain. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, calm,
disorderedly, perplexedly, cloudily, lover: (n) dear, darling, fan, devotee, confidence.
84 Sense and Sensibility

"It is all very strange. So suddenly to be gone! It seems but the work of a
moment. And last night he was with us so happy, so cheerful, so affectionate?
And now, after only ten minutes notice--Gone too without intending to return!--
Something more than what he owned to us must have happened. He did not
speak, he did not behave like himself. you must have seen the difference as well
as I. What can it be? Can they have quarrelled? Why else should he have shewn
such unwillingness to accept your invitation here?"--
"It was not inclination that he wanted, Elinor; I could plainly see that. He
had not the power of accepting it. I have thought it all over I assure you, and I
can perfectly account for every thing that at first seemed strange to me as well as
to you."%
"Can you, indeed!"
"Yes. I have explained it to myself in the most satisfactory way;--but you,
Elinor, who love to doubt where you can--it will not satisfy you, I know; but you
shall not talk me out of my trust in it. I am persuaded that Mrs. Smith suspects
his regard for Marianne, disapproves of it, (perhaps because she has other views
for him,) and on that account is eager to get him away;-- and that the business
which she sends him off to transact is invented as an excuse to dismiss him. This
is what I believe to have happened. He is, moreover, aware that she does
disapprove the connection, he dares not therefore at present confess to her his
engagement with Marianne, and he feels himself obliged, from his dependent
situation, to give into her schemes, and absent himself from Devonshire for a
while. You will tell me, I know, that this may or may not have happened; but I
will listen to no cavil, unless you can point out any other method of
understanding the affair as satisfactory at this. And now, Elinor, what have you
to say?"
"Nothing, for you have anticipated my answer."
"Then you would have told me, that it might or might not have happened.
Oh, Elinor, how incomprehensible are your feelings! You had rather take evil
upon credit than good. You had rather look out for misery for Marianne, and
guilt for poor Willoughby, than an apology for the latter. You are resolved to
Thesaurus
cavil: (v) carp, split hairs, equivocate, ANTONYMS: (n) disinclination, obvious, straightforward.
quarrel, protest, repudiate, nitpick, reluctance, aversion, indifference, transact: (v) perform, execute, do,
knock, reproach; (adj) refine; (n) unwillingness, antipathy, dislike, manage, conduct, deal, bargain,
censoriousness. horror. negotiate, enact, sell, bank.
confess: (adj, v) own, allow, admit, incomprehensible: (adj) ANTONYM: (v) deny.
avow; (v) concede, profess, recognize, inapprehensible, inscrutable, unwillingness: (n) disinclination,
divulge, disclose, reveal, receive. inarticulate, abstruse, cryptic, indisposition, aversion, hesitation,
ANTONYMS: (v) suppress, hide, unfathomable, puzzling, obscure, hesitancy, resistance, antipathy,
dispute, conceal, repress, harbor. inexplicable, inconceivable, reluctancy, dislike, distaste,
inclination: (n, v) desire, bent; (n) unaccountable. ANTONYMS: (adj) irreconcilableness. ANTONYMS: (n)
fancy, affection, tendency, leaning, comprehensible, explicable, enthusiasm, disposition, keenness,
drift, appetite, dip, proclivity, bias. understandable, intelligible, legible, inclination.
 Jane Austen 85

think him blameable, because he took leave of us with less affection than his
usual behaviour has shewn. And is no allowance to be made for inadvertence,
or for spirits depressed by recent disappointment? Are no probabilities to be
accepted, merely because they are not certainties? Is nothing due to the man
whom we have all such reason to love, and no reason in the world to think ill of?
To the possibility of motives unanswerable in themselves, though unavoidably
secret for a while? And, after all, what is it you suspect him of?"%
"I can hardly tell myself. But suspicion of something unpleasant is the
inevitable consequence of such an alteration as we just witnessed in him. There is
great truth, however, in what you have now urged of the allowances which
ought to be made for him, and it is my wish to be candid in my judgment of
every body. Willoughby may undoubtedly have very sufficient reasons for his
conduct, and I will hope that he has. But it would have been more like
Willoughby to acknowledge them at once. Secrecy may be advisable; but still I
cannot help wondering at its being practiced by him."
"Do not blame him, however, for departing from his character, where the
deviation is necessary. But you really do admit the justice of what I have said in
his defence?--I am happy--and he is acquitted."
"Not entirely. It may be proper to conceal their engagement (if they are
engaged) from Mrs. Smith-- and if that is the case, it must be highly expedient
for Willoughby to be but little in Devonshire at present. But this is no excuse for
their concealing it from us."
"Concealing it from us! my dear child, do you accuse Willoughby and
Marianne of concealment? This is strange indeed, when your eyes have been
reproaching them every day for incautiousness."
"I want no proof of their affection," said Elinor; "but of their engagement I
do."
"I am perfectly satisfied of both."
"Yet not a syllable has been said to you on the subject, by either of them."

blameable: (adj) culpable, guilty,
censurable, blameworthy, blameful.
candid: (adj) blunt, outspoken,
ingenuous, direct, sincere, open,
forthright, artless, equitable, honest,
guileless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
scheming, tricky, artful, deceitful,
dishonest, guarded, indirect,
insincere, inhibited, disingenuous,
evasive.
expedient: (adj) fit, advisable,
becoming, desirable, adequate, apt,
Thesaurus
convenient, suitable; (n) contrivance, versed, proficient, accomplished,
resource, artifice. ANTONYMS: (adj) skilful, skilled, trained, practised,
inappropriate, inexpedient, able. ANTONYMS: (adj)
impractical, futile, detrimental, inexperienced, untrained,
inconvenient, foolish. incompetent, clumsy, unqualified.
inadvertence: (n) disregard, reproaching: (adj) opprobrious.
inadvertency, oversight, inattention, unavoidably: (adv) inescapably,
omission, neglect, mistake, necessarily, ineluctably, by necessity,
superintendence, supervision, error; of necessity, automatically, needs,
(adj) nonobservance. ANTONYM: (n) inevitable, relentlessly, true to form,
mindfulness. unsurprisingly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
practiced: (adj) adept, expert, skillful, surprisingly, unnecessarily.
86 Sense and Sensibility

"I have not wanted syllables where actions have spoken so plainly. Has not
his behaviour to Marianne and to all of us, for at least the last fortnight, declared
that he loved and considered her as his future wife, and that he felt for us the
attachment of the nearest relation? Have we not perfectly understood each
other? Has not my consent been daily asked by his looks, his manner, his
attentive and affectionate respect? My Elinor, is it possible to doubt their
engagement? How could such a thought occur to you? How is it to be supposed
that Willoughby, persuaded as he must be of your sister's love, should leave her,
and leave her perhaps for months, without telling her of his affection;--that they
should part without a mutual exchange of confidence?"%
"I confess," replied Elinor, "that every circumstance except one is in favour of
their engagement; but that one is the total silence of both on the subject, and with
me it almost outweighs every other."
"How strange this is! You must think wretchedly indeed of Willoughby, if,
after all that has openly passed between them, you can doubt the nature of the
terms on which they are together. Has he been acting a part in his behaviour to
your sister all this time? Do you suppose him really indifferent to her?"
"No, I cannot think that. He must and does love her I am sure."
"But with a strange kind of tenderness, if he can leave her with such
indifference, such carelessness of the future, as you attribute to him."
"You must remember, my dear mother, that I have never considered this
matter as certain. I have had my doubts, I confess; but they are fainter than they
were, and they may soon be entirely done away. If we find they correspond,
every fear of mine will be removed."
"A mighty concession indeed! If you were to see them at the altar, you would
suppose they were going to be married. Ungracious girl! But I require no such
proof. Nothing in my opinion has ever passed to justify doubt; no secrecy has
been attempted; all has been uniformly open and unreserved. You cannot doubt
your sister's wishes. It must be Willoughby therefore whom you suspect. But

attentive: (adj) assiduous, diligent,
heedful, watchful, observant,
advertent, mindful, careful, aware,
alert, respectful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unfocused, negligent, neglectful,
forgetful, heedless, unobservant,
rude, unprepared, unconscious,
uncaring, inconsiderate.
carelessness: (n) negligence,
inattention, indifference,
nonchalance, thoughtlessness,
abandon, incaution, disregard,
Thesaurus
omission, forgetfulness, dereliction. uniformly: (adv) equally, evenly,
ANTONYMS: (n) attention, caution, consistently, regularly,
alertness, vigilance, carefulness, homogeneously, identically, steadily,
thoughtfulness, assiduousness, unvaryingly; (adj, adv) ever, always,
economy, regard, prudence, invariably.
forethought. wretchedly: (adv) pathetically,
doubts: (adj) doubting. unhappily, desperately, calamitously,
secrecy: (adj, n, v) privacy; (n) sadly, meanly, forlornly, piteously,
concealment, silence, confidentiality, disastrously, gloomily; (adj, adv)
darkness, seclusion, retirement, miserably. ANTONYM: (adv)
mystery, secretiveness, privateness, hopefully.
mum.
 Jane Austen 87

why? Is he not a man of honour and feeling? Has there been any inconsistency
on his side to create alarm? can he be deceitful?"%
"I hope not, I believe not," cried Elinor. "I love Willoughby, sincerely love
him; and suspicion of his integrity cannot be more painful to yourself than to me.
It has been involuntary, and I will not encourage it. I was startled, I confess, by
the alteration in his manners this morning;--he did not speak like himself, and
did not return your kindness with any cordiality. But all this may be explained
by such a situation of his affairs as you have supposed. He had just parted from
my sister, had seen her leave him in the greatest affliction; and if he felt obliged,
from a fear of offending Mrs. Smith, to resist the temptation of returning here
soon, and yet aware that by declining your invitation, by saying that he was
going away for some time, he should seem to act an ungenerous, a suspicious
part by our family, he might well be embarrassed and disturbed. In such a case,
a plain and open avowal of his difficulties would have been more to his honour I
think, as well as more consistent with his general character;--but I will not raise
objections against any one's conduct on so illiberal a foundation, as a difference
in judgment from myself, or a deviation from what I may think right and
consistent."
"You speak very properly. Willoughby certainly does not deserve to be
suspected. Though we have not known him long, he is no stranger in this part of
the world; and who has ever spoken to his disadvantage? Had he been in a
situation to act independently and marry immediately, it might have been odd
that he should leave us without acknowledging everything to me at once: but
this is not the case. It is an engagement in some respects not prosperously
begun, for their marriage must be at a very uncertain distance; and even secrecy,
as far as it can be observed, may now be very advisable."
They were interrupted by the entrance of Margaret; and Elinor was then at
liberty to think over the representations of her mother, to acknowledge the
probability of many, and hope for the justice of all.
They saw nothing of Marianne till dinner time, when she entered the room
and took her place at the table without saying a word. Her eyes were red and

acknowledging: (n) agreement; (adj)
responsive, affirmative.
avowal: (n) declaration, assertion,
affirmation, admission, statement,
recognition, acknowledgement,
announcement, confession,
testimony; (n, v) profession.
begun: (adj) present.
cordiality: (adj, n) friendliness,
geniality, sympathy, sociability; (n)
hospitality, sincerity, affability,
amity, kindness, amiability; (v)
Thesaurus
heartiness. ANTONYMS: (n)
frostiness, disapproval,
disapprobation, disagreement,
difference, misunderstanding,
hostility, rudeness.
inconsistency: (n) disagreement,
contradiction, incompatibility,
incoherence, incongruity,
discordance, disparity, variance,
repugnance, contradictoriness; (adj,
n) frivolity. ANTONYMS: (n)
steadiness, equality, constancy,
concord, parity, predictability,
reliability.
prosperously: (adv) successfully,
fortunately, luckily, happily,
flourishingly, swimmingly,
wealthily, auspiciously, boomingly,
roaringly, felicitously.
ungenerous: (adj, v) illiberal; (adj)
stingy, parsimonious, miserly, cheap,
uncharitable, close, narrow,
tightfisted, closefisted, penurious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, kind.
88 Sense and Sensibility

swollen; and it seemed as if her tears were even then restrained with difficulty.
She avoided the looks of them all, could neither eat nor speak, and after some
time, on her mother's silently pressing her hand with tender compassion, her
small degree of fortitude was quite overcome, she burst into tears and left the
room.%
This violent oppression of spirits continued the whole evening. She was
without any power, because she was without any desire of command over
herself. The slightest mention of anything relative to Willoughby overpowered
her in an instant; and though her family were most anxiously attentive to her
comfort, it was impossible for them, if they spoke at all, to keep clear of every
subject which her feelings connected with him.

anxiously: (adv) uneasily, restlessly,
carefully, worriedly, fearfully,
nervously, concernedly, solicitously,
timidly, keenly, enthusiastically.
ANTONYMS: (adv) calmly,
confidently, merrily, indifferently,
fearlessly, nonchalantly, patiently,
unconcernedly.
avoided: (adj) unpopular.
compassion: (adj, n) clemency,
kindness; (n) mercy, charity,
sympathy, commiseration, remorse,
Thesaurus
tenderness, forgiveness, feeling, (n) injustice, despotism, weight,
grace. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, stress, doldrums; (adj, n) abuse,
disregard, unconcern, severity, tyranny, dictatorship, autocracy.
nastiness, harshness, ANTONYMS: (n) democracy, ease,
incomprehension, malevolence, freedom, liberty.
coldness, roughness, inhumanity. slightest: (adj) minimal, first, smallest
fortitude: (n) bravery, endurance, grit, amount.
pluck, backbone, determination, swollen: (adj, v) inflated, distended;
tenacity, firmness, strength; (adj, n) (adj) bombastic, puffy, turgid, puffed,
guts, spunk. ANTONYMS: (n) high, egotistic, bulging; (v) blown;
cowardice, frailty, impatience. (adj, prep) pompous. ANTONYMS:
oppression: (n, v) hardship, grievance; (adj) contracted, shrunken.
 Jane Austen 89

CHAPTER 16

Marianne would have thought herself very inexcusable had she been able to
sleep at all the first night after parting from Willoughby. She would have been
ashamed to look her family in the face the next morning, had she not risen from
her bed in more need of repose than when she lay down in it. But the feelings
which made such composure a disgrace, left her in no danger of incurring it. She
was awake the whole night, and she wept the greatest part of it. She got up with
a headache, was unable to talk, and unwilling to take any nourishment; giving
pain every moment to her mother and sisters, and forbidding all attempt at
consolation from either. Her sensibility was potent enough!
When breakfast was over she walked out by herself, and wandered about the
village of Allenham, indulging the recollection of past enjoyment and crying
over the present reverse for the chief of the morning.%
The evening passed off in the equal indulgence of feeling. She played over
every favourite song that she had been used to play to Willoughby, every air in
which their voices had been oftenest joined, and sat at the instrument gazing on
every line of music that he had written out for her, till her heart was so heavy
that no farther sadness could be gained; and this nourishment of grief was every
day applied. She spent whole hours at the pianoforte alternately singing and
crying; her voice often totally suspended by her tears. In books too, as well as in
music, she courted the misery which a contrast between the past and present was

Thesaurus
alternately: (adv) alternatively, by debauchery, hobby, tolerance, excusable, intolerable, unexcusable.
turns, in turn, secondarily, luxury, enjoyment, leniency, pardon. ANTONYMS: (adj) understandable,
reciprocally, mutually, off-and-on, ANTONYMS: (n) denial, virtue, forgivable, justifiable, justified,
rather, anthemwise, secondly; (adj, intolerance, uprightness, necessity, laudable, wonderful.
adv) on and off. indifference, dismay, severity. nourishment: (n) food, alimentation,
gazing: (adj) fixed. indulging: (n) pampering, excess, meal, meat, diet, feeding, nutrition,
headache: (n) cephalalgia, pain, indulgence, orgy, folly, foolery, repast, sustenance, edible, fuel.
encumbrance, bother, migraine, gratification. repose: (n, v) recline, peace, lie, calm;
vexation, pest, head ache, worry; (n, inexcusable: (adj) irremissible, (n) composure, ease, quiet, leisure,
v) twinge; (v) gripe. unpardonable, reprehensible, recreation, relaxation; (v) lay.
indulgence: (adj, n) gratification, unwarrantable, unforgivable, ANTONYMS: (n, v) work; (n)
delight; (n) allowance, extravagance, unwarranted, unfair, untenable, not activity, panic, agitation.
90 Sense and Sensibility

certain of giving. She read nothing but what they had been used to read
together.%
Such violence of affliction indeed could not be supported for ever; it sunk
within a few days into a calmer melancholy; but these employments, to which
she daily recurred, her solitary walks and silent meditations, still produced
occasional effusions of sorrow as lively as ever.
No letter from Willoughby came; and none seemed expected by Marianne.
Her mother was surprised, and Elinor again became uneasy. But Mrs.
Dashwood could find explanations whenever she wanted them, which at least
satisfied herself.
"Remember, Elinor," said she, "how very often Sir John fetches our letters
himself from the post, and carries them to it. We have already agreed that
secrecy may be necessary, and we must acknowledge that it could not be
maintained if their correspondence were to pass through Sir John's hands."
Elinor could not deny the truth of this, and she tried to find in it a motive
sufficient for their silence. But there was one method so direct, so simple, and in
her opinion so eligible of knowing the real state of the affair, and of instantly
removing all mystery, that she could not help suggesting it to her mother.
"Why do you not ask Marianne at once," said she, "whether she is or she is
not engaged to Willoughby? From you, her mother, and so kind, so indulgent a
mother, the question could not give offence. It would be the natural result of
your affection for her. She used to be all unreserve, and to you more especially."
"I would not ask such a question for the world. Supposing it possible that
they are not engaged, what distress would not such an enquiry inflict! At any
rate it would be most ungenerous. I should never deserve her confidence again,
after forcing from her a confession of what is meant at present to be
unacknowledged to any one. I know Marianne's heart: I know that she dearly
loves me, and that I shall not be the last to whom the affair is made known, when
circumstances make the revealment of it eligible. I would not attempt to force the

calmer: (n) placid, quiet.
confession: (n) admission,
acknowledgment, recognition,
acknowledgement, concession,
divulgence, disclosure, shrift,
penance, profession, admission of
guilt. ANTONYMS: (n) disavowal,
refutation.
dearly: (adv) affectionately, preciously,
darlingly, sweetly, petly,
expensively, belovedly, intimately,
highly, heartfeltly, lovely.
Thesaurus
inflict: (v) impose, cause, wreak, force, supposing: (adv) admitting,
enforce, deal, deliver, administer, conditionally, in case; (n)
foist, put, obtrude. supposition, conjecture, thought,
meditations: (n) contemplation, theory, assumption; (conj) although,
consideration, cogitation. what if; (v) suppose.
revealment: (n) disclosure, revelation. unacknowledged: (v) unavowed; (adj)
solitary: (adj) forlorn, only, alone, anonymous, unthanked, unrequited,
single, lonely, lone, sole, unrewarded, unrecognized,
unaccompanied, isolated; (adj, n) unrecognised, virtual, unrewarding,
recluse; (n) hermit. ANTONYMS: undeclared, unappreciated.
(adj) sociable, combined, common, ANTONYMS: (adj) acknowledged,
outgoing. rewarding.
 Jane Austen 91

confidence of any one; of a child much less; because a sense of duty would
prevent the denial which her wishes might direct."
Elinor thought this generosity overstrained, considering her sister's youth,
and urged the matter farther, but in vain; common sense, common care, common
prudence, were all sunk in Mrs. Dashwood's romantic delicacy.%
It was several days before Willoughby's name was mentioned before
Marianne by any of her family; Sir John and Mrs. Jennings, indeed, were not so
nice; their witticisms added pain to many a painful hour;-- but one evening, Mrs.
Dashwood, accidentally taking up a volume of Shakespeare, exclaimed,
"We have never finished Hamlet, Marianne; our dear Willoughby went away
before we could get through it. We will put it by, that when he comes again...But
it may be months, perhaps, before that happens."
"Months!" cried Marianne, with strong surprise. "No--nor many weeks."
Mrs. Dashwood was sorry for what she had said; but it gave Elinor pleasure,
as it produced a reply from Marianne so expressive of confidence in Willoughby
and knowledge of his intentions.
One morning, about a week after his leaving the country, Marianne was
prevailed on to join her sisters in their usual walk, instead of wandering away by
herself. Hitherto she had carefully avoided every companion in her rambles. If
her sisters intended to walk on the downs, she directly stole away towards the
lanes; if they talked of the valley, she was as speedy in climbing the hills, and
could never be found when the others set off. But at length she was secured by
the exertions of Elinor, who greatly disapproved such continual seclusion. They
walked along the road through the valley, and chiefly in silence, for Marianne's
mind could not be controlled, and Elinor, satisfied with gaining one point, would
not then attempt more. Beyond the entrance of the valley, where the country,
though still rich, was less wild and more open, a long stretch of the road which
they had travelled on first coming to Barton, lay before them; and on reaching
that point, they stopped to look around them, and examine a prospect which

disapproved: (adj) old-fashioned,
contraband, chid.
downs: (n) weary waste, heath,
pampas, wold, wild, waste, veldt,
steppe, savanna, prairie.
gaining: (n) acceptance, acquisition,
attainment, capture; (adj) ahead,
fortunate. ANTONYM: (n) loss.
prudence: (n) foresight, economy,
frugality, caution, care, forethought,
providence, circumspection,
judgment, deliberation; (adj, n)
Thesaurus
wisdom. ANTONYMS: (n)
imprudence, profligacy, generosity,
hindsight, recklessness,
extravagance.
seclusion: (n) retreat, segregation,
retirement, isolation, secrecy,
concealment, insulation, separation,
hermitage; (adj, n) solitude,
loneliness. ANTONYMS: (n)
company, closeness, inclusion.
speedy: (adj, v) rapid, prompt, fleet,
swift; (adj) fast, agile, ready,
immediate, cursory, hurried, brisk.
ANTONYMS: (adj) leisurely,
plodding.
vain: (adj) proud, arrogant, conceited,
fruitless, idle, empty, abortive,
ineffectual, unproductive,
narcissistic; (adj, v) useless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, successful,
possible, persuasive, selfless, fruitful,
humble, useful, responsible,
worthwhile, effective.
witticisms: (n) facetiae.
92 Sense and Sensibility

formed the distance of their view from the cottage, from a spot which they had
never happened to reach in any of their walks before.%
Amongst the objects in the scene, they soon discovered an animated one; it
was a man on horseback riding towards them. In a few minutes they could
distinguish him to be a gentleman; and in a moment afterwards Marianne
rapturously exclaimed,
"It is he; it is indeed;--I know it is!"--and was hastening to meet him, when
Elinor cried out,
"Indeed, Marianne, I think you are mistaken. It is not Willoughby. The
person is not tall enough for him, and has not his air."
"He has, he has," cried Marianne, "I am sure he has. His air, his coat, his
horse. I knew how soon he would come."
She walked eagerly on as she spoke; and Elinor, to screen Marianne from
particularity, as she felt almost certain of its not being Willoughby, quickened
her pace and kept up with her. They were soon within thirty yards of the
gentleman. Marianne looked again; her heart sunk within her; and abruptly
turning round, she was hurrying back, when the voices of both her sisters were
raised to detain her; a third, almost as well known as Willoughby's, joined them
in begging her to stop, and she turned round with surprise to see and welcome
Edward Ferrars.
He was the only person in the world who could at that moment be forgiven
for not being Willoughby; the only one who could have gained a smile from her;
but she dispersed her tears to smile on him, and in her sister's happiness forgot
for a time her own disappointment.
He dismounted, and giving his horse to his servant, walked back with them
to Barton, whither he was purposely coming to visit them.
He was welcomed by them all with great cordiality, but especially by
Marianne, who showed more warmth of regard in her reception of him than
even Elinor herself. To Marianne, indeed, the meeting between Edward and her
sister was but a continuation of that unaccountable coldness which she had often

coldness: (n) chilliness, coolness,
indifference, distance, apathy, iciness,
reserve, frost, frigidity, unconcern;
(adj, n) cold. ANTONYMS: (n)
friendliness, sympathy, sensitivity,
hotness, heat, responsiveness,
concern, brightness, kindness.
dispersed: (adj) sparse, spread,
distributed, scattered, diffused,
scatter, outspread, disseminated,
split, dissipated, separate.
forgiven: (v) conciliatory, placable.
Thesaurus
gained: (adj) extrinsic.
hastening: (n) quickening, speed,
hurrying, speeding up, faster, fast,
stepping up.
hurrying: (n) hastening, speed,
quickening, rushing, early, speeding,
speeding up, stepping up,
amphetamine, forward, eager.
particularity: (n) idiosyncrasy,
individuality, peculiarity,
distinctiveness, speciality, specialty,
feature, distinction, characteristic,
nicety, attribute.
quickened: (adj) hasty, rapid,
passionate, intoxicated.
rapturously: (adv) ravishingly,
rhapsodically, overjoyedly, raptly,
delightedly, enrapturedly, gladly.
sunk: (adj) sunken, undone, finished,
ruined, profound, immersed,
damaged, lowed, lying flat; (v) cut
up, dashed.
voices: (n) chorus.
walked: (adj) exempt; (v) yode.
 Jane Austen 93

observed at Norland in their mutual behaviour. On Edward's side, more

particularly, there was a deficiency of all that a lover ought to look and say on
such an occasion. He was confused, seemed scarcely sensible of pleasure in
seeing them, looked neither rapturous nor gay, said little but what was forced
from him by questions, and distinguished Elinor by no mark of affection.
Marianne saw and listened with increasing surprise. She began almost to feel a
dislike of Edward; and it ended, as every feeling must end with her, by carrying
back her thoughts to Willoughby, whose manners formed a contrast sufficiently
striking to those of his brother elect.%
After a short silence which succeeded the first surprise and enquiries of
meeting, Marianne asked Edward if he came directly from London. No, he had
been in Devonshire a fortnight.
"A fortnight!" she repeated, surprised at his being so long in the same county
with Elinor without seeing her before.
He looked rather distressed as he added, that he had been staying with some
friends near Plymouth.
"Have you been lately in Sussex?" said Elinor.
"I was at Norland about a month ago."
"And how does dear, dear Norland look?" cried Marianne.
"Dear, dear Norland," said Elinor, "probably looks much as it always does at
this time of the year. The woods and walks thickly covered with dead leaves."
"Oh," cried Marianne, "with what transporting sensation have I formerly seen
them fall! How have I delighted, as I walked, to see them driven in showers
about me by the wind! What feelings have they, the season, the air altogether
inspired! Now there is no one to regard them. They are seen only as a nuisance,
swept hastily off, and driven as much as possible from the sight."
"It is not every one," said Elinor, "who has your passion for dead leaves."
"No; my feelings are not often shared, not often understood. But sometimes
they are."--As she said this, she sunk into a reverie for a few moments;--but

deficiency: (adj, n) defect, blemish,
imperfection; (n) dearth, lack, failing, harassment, irritation, pain, pest,
deficit, shortcoming, inadequacy,
absence; (n, v) want. ANTONYMS:
(n) excess, perfection, provision,
enough, adequacy, supply, strength,
virtue, surplus, gain, glut.
manners: (n) conduct, etiquette,
propriety, behavior, deportment,
manner, courtesy, custom, decorum,
good manners, usage. ANTONYM:
(n) vulgarity.
Thesaurus
nuisance: (adj, n) annoyance; (n)
hassle, inconvenience, mischief,
irritant, plague, pain in the neck.
ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, help,
delight, blessing, balm, advantage,
satisfaction, ease.
reverie: (n) dream, fantasy, air castle,
brown study, revery, trance,
abstraction, castle in Spain, castle in
the air; (adj) preoccupation,
distraction. ANTONYM: (n) reality.
showers: (n) rain.
staying: (n) stays, arrest; (adj)
continual, old, left.
swept: (adj) clean.
thickly: (adv) deeply, heavily, thick,
viscously, thicksetly, solidly, dully,
dumbly, compactly, closely, turbidly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) thinly, finely,
slightly, sparsely, loosely, distinctly.
transporting: (adj) ecstatic, rapturous,
rapturous applause, ravishing,
transportant.
94 Sense and Sensibility

rousing herself again, "Now, Edward," said she, calling his attention to the
prospect, "here is Barton valley. Look up to it, and be tranquil if you can. Look
at those hills! Did you ever see their equals? To the left is Barton park, amongst
those woods and plantations. You may see the end of the house. And there,
beneath that farthest hill, which rises with such grandeur, is our cottage."
"It is a beautiful country," he replied; "but these bottoms must be dirty in
winter."
"How can you think of dirt, with such objects before you?"
"Because," replied he, smiling, "among the rest of the objects before me, I see a
very dirty lane."
"How strange!" said Marianne to herself as she walked on.%
"Have you an agreeable neighbourhood here? Are the Middletons pleasant
people?"
"No, not all," answered Marianne; "we could not be more unfortunately
situated."
"Marianne," cried her sister, "how can you say so? How can you be so unjust?
They are a very respectable family, Mr. Ferrars; and towards us have behaved in
the friendliest manner. Have you forgot, Marianne, how many pleasant days we
have owed to them?"
"No," said Marianne, in a low voice, "nor how many painful moments."
Elinor took no notice of this; and directing her attention to their visitor,
endeavoured to support something like discourse with him, by talking of their
present residence, its conveniences, &c. extorting from him occasional questions
and remarks. His coldness and reserve mortified her severely; she was vexed
and half angry; but resolving to regulate her behaviour to him by the past rather
than the present, she avoided every appearance of resentment or displeasure,
and treated him as she thought he ought to be treated from the family
connection.

bottoms: (n) swamp, lees, residue.
conveniences: (n) creature comforts,
comforts, convenience, living,
support, livelihood, keep, sustenance,
facility, facilities, device.
displeasure: (n) resentment,
discomfort, dissatisfaction, dislike,
discontent, exasperation, disfavor,
annoyance, offense, pique,
disapproval. ANTONYMS: (n)
satisfaction, pleasure, enjoyment,
happiness, delight, contentment,
Thesaurus
equanimity, approval. unabashed.
extorting: (adj) grasping. resolving: (n) factoring, resolve,
farthest: (adj) ultimate, extreme, settlement, solving, solution,
farthermost, utmost, uttermost, last, factorization, diagonalization,
furthermost, endmost, greatest, most declaration, firmness, resoluteness;
distant; (adj, adv) remotest. (v) solve.
ANTONYMS: (adv) closest, nearest. rousing: (adj) stirring, provocative,
mortified: (adj) humiliated, bracing, thrilling, inspiring,
embarrassed, abashed, gangrenous, exhilarating, moving; (n) awakening,
sheepish, chagrined, feeling shame, wakening, stimulation; (v) rouse.
feeling guilty, guilty, hangdog, ANTONYMS: (adj) conciliatory, dull,
humbled. ANTONYM: (adj) relaxing.
 Jane Austen 95

CHAPTER 17

Mrs. Dashwood was surprised only for a moment at seeing him; for his
coming to Barton was, in her opinion, of all things the most natural. Her joy and
expression of regard long outlived her wonder. He received the kindest
welcome from her; and shyness, coldness, reserve could not stand against such a
reception. They had begun to fail him before he entered the house, and they
were quite overcome by the captivating manners of Mrs. Dashwood. Indeed a
man could not very well be in love with either of her daughters, without
extending the passion to her; and Elinor had the satisfaction of seeing him soon
become more like himself. His affections seemed to reanimate towards them all,
and his interest in their welfare again became perceptible. He was not in spirits,
however; he praised their house, admired its prospect, was attentive, and kind;
but still he was not in spirits. The whole family perceived it, and Mrs.
Dashwood, attributing it to some want of liberality in his mother, sat down to
table indignant against all selfish parents.%
"What are Mrs. Ferrars's views for you at present, Edward?" said she, when
dinner was over and they had drawn round the fire; "are you still to be a great
orator in spite of yourself?"
"No. I hope my mother is now convinced that I have no more talents than
inclination for a public life!"

admired: (adj) respected, admirable,
estimable, favorite, pet, beloved,
honored, August, loved, accepted,
popular. ANTONYM: (adj)
disreputable.
attributing: (n) reference.
extending: (adj) expanding.
indignant: (adj) angry, incensed,
furious, enraged, wrathful, hurt,
rage, provoked, hot, anger, irate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) cool, content,
unaffected.
Thesaurus
orator: (n) elocutionist, speechmaker,
speaker, lecturer, Cicero, speechifier,
demagog, demagogue, eulogist; (v)
oratrix, oratress.
perceived: (adj) sensed, apparent,
supposed, professed, ostensible.
praised: (adj) bepuffed, popular,
renowned.
reanimate: (v) revive, invigorate,
enliven, regenerate, revivify, quicken,
animate, renew, restore, resurrect;
(adj, v) refresh.
selfish: (adj) mean, greedy, mercenary,
egotistical, egotistic, egoistic, self-
interested, stingy, egocentric, self-
centered, covetous. ANTONYMS:
(adj) selfless, altruistic, generous,
altruism, considerate, philanthropic,
thoughtful, constructive, concerned,
abstemious, kind.
spirits: (n) alcohol, booze, humor,
frame of mind, liqueur, strong drink,
hard drink; (adj) cheer, geniality,
good humor; (v) wine.
96 Sense and Sensibility

"But how is your fame to be established? for famous you must be to satisfy all
your family; and with no inclination for expense, no affection for strangers, no
profession, and no assurance, you may find it a difficult matter."%
"I shall not attempt it. I have no wish to be distinguished; and have every
reason to hope I never shall. Thank Heaven! I cannot be forced into genius and
eloquence."
"You have no ambition, I well know. Your wishes are all moderate."
"As moderate as those of the rest of the world, I believe. I wish as well as
every body else to be perfectly happy; but, like every body else it must be in my
own way. Greatness will not make me so."
"Strange that it would!" cried Marianne. "What have wealth or grandeur to
do with happiness?"
"Grandeur has but little," said Elinor, "but wealth has much to do with it."
"Elinor, for shame!" said Marianne, "money can only give happiness where
there is nothing else to give it. Beyond a competence, it can afford no real
satisfaction, as far as mere self is concerned."
"Perhaps," said Elinor, smiling, "we may come to the same point. your
competence and my wealth are very much alike, I dare say; and without them, as
the world goes now, we shall both agree that every kind of external comfort
must be wanting. Your ideas are only more noble than mine. Come, what is
your competence?"
"About eighteen hundred or two thousand a year; not more than that."
Elinor laughed. "two thousand a year! one is my wealth! I guessed how it
would end."
"And yet two thousand a-year is a very moderate income," said Marianne. "A
family cannot well be maintained on a smaller. I am sure I am not extravagant in
my demands. A proper establishment of servants, a carriage, perhaps two, and
hunters, cannot be supported on less."

Thesaurus
alike: (adj) corresponding, equal, distinction, bruit, honor, prestige, grandness; (adj, n) solemnity.
equivalent, cognate, analogical, buzz. ANTONYMS: (n) infamy, ANTONYMS: (n) modesty,
parallel, analogous, identical, similar, obscurity, anonymity, ignominy, simplicity.
the same, duplicate. ANTONYMS: dishonor, commonness, oblivion, guessed: (adj) rude, inscrutable.
(adj) different, dissimilar, contrasting, criticism. moderate: (adj, v) temperate, calm;
unalike, disparate, unlike, opposite; genius: (adj, n) capacity, ability, (adj) abstemious, mild, middling; (v)
(adv) differently, unequally, endowment, faculty, gift, cleverness; mitigate, lessen, allay, diminish, curb;
unevenly. (n) flair, brain, prodigy, bent, (adv, v) check. ANTONYMS: (v)
demands: (n) strain, weight, stress, aptitude. ANTONYM: (n) amateur. increase, intensify; (adj) immoderate,
anxiety. grandeur: (n) dignity, splendor, radical, unrestrained, speculative,
fame: (n, v) credit, celebrity, report, magnitude, brilliance, glory, pomp, strong, unreasonable, great,
reputation, renown, cry; (n) elegance, majesty, magnificence, intemperate, massive.
 Jane Austen 97

Elinor smiled again, to hear her sister describing so accurately their future
expenses at Combe Magna.%
"Hunters!" repeated Edward--"but why must you have hunters? Every body
does not hunt."
Marianne coloured as she replied, "But most people do."
"I wish," said Margaret, striking out a novel thought, "that somebody would
give us all a large fortune apiece!"
"Oh that they would!" cried Marianne, her eyes sparkling with animation,
and her cheeks glowing with the delight of such imaginary happiness.
"We are all unanimous in that wish, I suppose," said Elinor, "in spite of the
insufficiency of wealth."
"Oh dear!" cried Margaret, "how happy I should be! I wonder what I should
do with it!"
Marianne looked as if she had no doubt on that point.
"I should be puzzled to spend so large a fortune myself," said Mrs.
Dashwood, "if my children were all to be rich my help."
"You must begin your improvements on this house," observed Elinor, "and
your difficulties will soon vanish."
"What magnificent orders would travel from this family to London," said
Edward, "in such an event! What a happy day for booksellers, music-sellers, and
print-shops! You, Miss Dashwood, would give a general commission for every
new print of merit to be sent you--and as for Marianne, I know her greatness of
soul, there would not be music enough in London to content her. And books!--
Thomson, Cowper, Scott--she would buy them all over and over again: she
would buy up every copy, I believe, to prevent their falling into unworthy
hands; and she would have every book that tells her how to admire an old
twisted tree. Should not you, Marianne? Forgive me, if I am very saucy. But I
was willing to shew you that I had not forgot our old disputes."

Thesaurus
animation: (adj, n) life, vivacity; (n) insufficiency: (n) imperfection, deficit, firm, of one mind, concordant,
liveliness, vitality, activity, spirit, deficiency, shortage, absence, failure, accordant, compact, collective, cubic.
exhilaration, dash, energy, buoyancy; lack, inadequateness, inability, ANTONYMS: (adj) narrow,
(adj) alacrity. ANTONYMS: (n) scarcity, dearth. ANTONYMS: (n) individual.
lethargy, lifelessness, inertness, adequacy, abundance, sufficiency, unworthy: (adj) undeserving, base,
inertia, sluggishness, boredom. surplus, excess. disgraceful, ignoble, low,
greatness: (n) excellence, dimension, saucy: (adj, n) pert; (adj) bold, contemptible, despicable, ugly,
dignity, bulk, size, enormousness, impudent, audacious, insolent, fresh, unmerited, unseemly, shameful.
bigness, enormity, grandness, forward, impertinent, flippant, rude, ANTONYMS: (adj) deserving,
magnitude, fame. ANTONYMS: (n) brazen. ANTONYM: (adj) respectful. valuable, honorable, estimable,
obscurity, austerity, commonness, unanimous: (adj) consentaneous, reputable.
mildness, moderation, simplicity. harmonious, consentient, strong,
98 Sense and Sensibility

"I love to be reminded of the past, Edward--whether it be melancholy or gay,

I love to recall it--and you will never offend me by talking of former times. You
are very right in supposing how my money would be spent--some of it, at least--
my loose cash would certainly be employed in improving my collection of music
and books."%
"And the bulk of your fortune would be laid out in annuities on the authors
or their heirs."
"No, Edward, I should have something else to do with it."
"Perhaps, then, you would bestow it as a reward on that person who wrote
the ablest defence of your favourite maxim, that no one can ever be in love more
than once in their life--your opinion on that point is unchanged, I presume?"
"Undoubtedly. At my time of life opinions are tolerably fixed. It is not likely
that I should now see or hear any thing to change them."
"Marianne is as steadfast as ever, you see," said Elinor, "she is not at all
altered."
"She is only grown a little more grave than she was."
"Nay, Edward," said Marianne, "you need not reproach me. You are not very
gay yourself."
"Why should you think so!" replied he, with a sigh. "But gaiety never was a
part of my character."
"Nor do I think it a part of Marianne's," said Elinor; "I should hardly call her a
lively girl--she is very earnest, very eager in all she does--sometimes talks a great
deal and always with animation--but she is not often really merry."
"I believe you are right," he replied, "and yet I have always set her down as a
lively girl."
"I have frequently detected myself in such kind of mistakes," said Elinor, "in a
total misapprehension of character in some point or other: fancying people so
much more gay or grave, or ingenious or stupid than they really are, and I can
hardly tell why or in what the deception originated. Sometimes one is guided by

Thesaurus
fancying: (n) daydream, fantasy. misconception, misinterpretation, (n) condemnation. ANTONYMS: (n,
gaiety: (n) fun, cheerfulness, fault, misconstruction, misreading, v) praise; (v) commend, approve; (n)
exhilaration, mirth, glee, merriment, illusion, false impression. compliment, commendation,
hilarity, happiness, joy, joviality, ANTONYM: (n) fact. approval.
jollity. ANTONYMS: (n) seriousness, offend: (v) irritate, affront, insult, steadfast: (adj, v) solid, firm,
misery, sadness. contravene, injure, disgust, infringe, permanent, loyal, fast, fixed,
maxim: (adj, n) aphorism, adage; (n) displease, abuse, wound, anger. immovable, faithful; (adj) resolute,
byword, apothegm, rule, saying, ANTONYMS: (v) please, delight, determined, steady. ANTONYMS:
principle, proverb, motto, gnome; (n, praise, attract. (adj) irresolute, disloyal, unreliable,
v) saw. reproach: (n, v) blame, rebuke, charge, undependable, uncommitted, weak,
misapprehension: (n) delusion, abuse, disgrace, reprimand, transient, fickle, compliant,
mistake, misunderstanding, fallacy, invective; (v) accuse, chide, condemn; acquiescent, inconstant.
 Jane Austen 99

what they say of themselves, and very frequently by what other people say of
them, without giving oneself time to deliberate and judge."
"But I thought it was right, Elinor," said Marianne, "to be guided wholly by
the opinion of other people. I thought our judgments were given us merely to be
subservient to those of neighbours. This has always been your doctrine, I am
sure."
"No, Marianne, never. My doctrine has never aimed at the subjection of the
understanding. All I have ever attempted to influence has been the behaviour.
You must not confound my meaning. I am guilty, I confess, of having often
wished you to treat our acquaintance in general with greater attention; but when
have I advised you to adopt their sentiments or to conform to their judgment in
serious matters?"
"You have not been able to bring your sister over to your plan of general
civility," said Edward to Elinor, "Do you gain no ground?"
"Quite the contrary," replied Elinor, looking expressively at Marianne.%
"My judgment," he returned, "is all on your side of the question; but I am
afraid my practice is much more on your sister's. I never wish to offend, but I am
so foolishly shy, that I often seem negligent, when I am only kept back by my
natural awkwardness. I have frequently thought that I must have been intended
by nature to be fond of low company, I am so little at my ease among strangers of
gentility!"
"Marianne has not shyness to excuse any inattention of hers," said Elinor.
"She knows her own worth too well for false shame," replied Edward.
"Shyness is only the effect of a sense of inferiority in some way or other. If I
could persuade myself that my manners were perfectly easy and graceful, I
should not be shy."
"But you would still be reserved," said Marianne, "and that is worse."
Edward started--"Reserved! Am I reserved, Marianne?"
"Yes, very."

awkwardness: (n) embarrassment,
stiffness, unwieldiness,
inconvenience, gawkiness,
inelegance, troublesomeness,
ineptitude, ineptness, gaucherie; (adj, guided: (adj) conducted, directed, led. ANTONYMS: (n) superiority,
n) delicacy. ANTONYMS: (n)
gracefulness, grace, comfort,
coordination, pride, urbanity, ease,
assurance, liveliness, confidence,
cooperation.
confound: (v) bewilder, baffle,
nonplus, perplex, astonish, puzzle,
Thesaurus
amaze, astound, mistake; (adj, v) inferiority: (n) poorness, degeneracy,
confuse, stupefy. ANTONYMS: (v) subordinacy, minority, disadvantage,
explain, clarify, comfort, lose, calibre, vulgarity, quality,
distinguish; (n) understanding. subordination, meanness, deteriority.
inattention: (n) neglect, heedlessness, advantage, excellence, preeminence.
carelessness, forgetfulness, subservient: (adj) submissive,
negligence, inobservance, subordinate, obsequious, accessory,
inadvertence, indifference, oversight, obedient, servile, slavish, ancillary,
slight, distraction. ANTONYMS: (n) menial, compliant, humble.
attention, notice, caution, ANTONYMS: (adj) disobedient,
concentration. independent, superior, assertive.
100 Sense and Sensibility

"I do not understand you," replied he, colouring. "Reserved!--how, in what

manner? What am I to tell you? What can you suppose?"
Elinor looked surprised at his emotion; but trying to laugh off the subject, she
said to him, "Do not you know my sister well enough to understand what she
means? Do not you know she calls every one reserved who does not talk as fast,
and admire what she admires as rapturously as herself?"
Edward made no answer. His gravity and thoughtfulness returned on him
in their fullest extent--and he sat for some time silent and dull.%

Thesaurus
admire: (v) revere, look up to, idolize, insignificance, lightheartedness, definite, cordial, forward.
appreciate, adore, wonder, praise, triviality, cheerfulness, levity. thoughtfulness: (n) kindness, tact,
worship, admiring, esteem, honor. laugh: (n, v) joke, giggle, chortle, titter, deliberation, attentiveness,
ANTONYMS: (v) despise, loathe, snicker; (v) smile; (n) jest, gag, jape, contemplativeness, attention,
scorn, hate, condemn, abhor, laughter, cackle. ANTONYM: (v) introspection, meditation,
disrespect, detest, disregard, weep. pensiveness, reflection, reflexion.
disapprove, deprecate. reserved: (adj, n) cold, distant, frigid; ANTONYMS: (n) thoughtlessness,
gravity: (n) solemnity, earnestness, (adj) coy, reticent, diffident, bashful, carelessness, cruelty, rashness,
gravitation, graveness, gravitational aloof, retiring, quiet, shy. unthoughtfulness, inconsideration,
attraction, weight, seriousness, ANTONYMS: (adj) open, unkindness, selfishness, insensitivity,
significance, severity, sedateness; (n, forthcoming, uninhibited, relaxed, neglect, cheerfulness.
v) poise. ANTONYMS: (n) warm, communicative, talkative, free,
 Jane Austen 101

CHAPTER 18

Elinor saw, with great uneasiness the low spirits of her friend. His visit
afforded her but a very partial satisfaction, while his own enjoyment in it
appeared so imperfect. It was evident that he was unhappy; she wished it were
equally evident that he still distinguished her by the same affection which once
she had felt no doubt of inspiring; but hitherto the continuance of his preference
seemed very uncertain; and the reservedness of his manner towards her
contradicted one moment what a more animated look had intimated the
preceding one.%
He joined her and Marianne in the breakfast-room the next morning before
the others were down; and Marianne, who was always eager to promote their
happiness as far as she could, soon left them to themselves. But before she was
half way upstairs she heard the parlour door open, and, turning round, was
astonished to see Edward himself come out.
"I am going into the village to see my horses," said he, "as you are not yet
ready for breakfast; I shall be back again presently."

*****

Thesaurus
breakfast: (n) repast, banquet, imperfect: (adj) faulty, deficient, uninspiring, banal, boring, dull,
dejeuner, mealtime, feast, meal; (v) defective, unfinished, incomplete, unimpressive.
sup, take tea, eat, have a meal, dine. poor, flawed, partial, inadequate, intimated: (adj) tacit, furtive, dejected.
enjoyment: (n) delight, appreciation, broken, fallible. ANTONYMS: (adj) preceding: (adj, adv) anterior, earlier;
gratification, comfort, relish, perfect, whole, unblemished, (adj) foregoing, former, previous,
satisfaction, happiness, delectation, adequate, complete, sound, prior, past, precedent, prevenient;
gusto, amusement, diversion. boundless, capable, flawless. (adv) forward; (prep) before.
ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, abhorrence, inspiring: (adj) rousing, provocative, ANTONYMS: (adj) following,
antipathy, apathy, aversion, inspire, inspirational, inspiringly, succeeding, next, present.
discomfort, displeasure, heartening, encourage, entertaining, reservedness: (n) reserve, modesty,
dissatisfaction, misery, repulsion, exhilarating, hopeful, imposing. restraint, reticence, coldness, coyness,
sorrow. ANTONYMS: (adj) ridiculous, limitation, backwardness.
102 Sense and Sensibility

Edward returned to them with fresh admiration of the surrounding country; in

his walk to the village, he had seen many parts of the valley to advantage; and
the village itself, in a much higher situation than the cottage, afforded a general
view of the whole, which had exceedingly pleased him. This was a subject which
ensured Marianne's attention, and she was beginning to describe her own
admiration of these scenes, and to question him more minutely on the objects
that had particularly struck him, when Edward interrupted her by saying, "You
must not enquire too far, Marianne--remember I have no knowledge in the
picturesque, and I shall offend you by my ignorance and want of taste if we come
to particulars. I shall call hills steep, which ought to be bold; surfaces strange
and uncouth, which ought to be irregular and rugged; and distant objects out of
sight, which ought only to be indistinct through the soft medium of a hazy
atmosphere. You must be satisfied with such admiration as I can honestly give. I
call it a very fine country--the hills are steep, the woods seem full of fine timber,
and the valley looks comfortable and snug--with rich meadows and several neat
farm houses scattered here and there. It exactly answers my idea of a fine
country, because it unites beauty with utility--and I dare say it is a picturesque
one too, because you admire it; I can easily believe it to be full of rocks and
promontories, grey moss and brush wood, but these are all lost on me. I know
nothing of the picturesque."%
"I am afraid it is but too true," said Marianne; "but why should you boast of
it?"
"I suspect," said Elinor, "that to avoid one kind of affectation, Edward here
falls into another. Because he believes many people pretend to more admiration
of the beauties of nature than they really feel, and is disgusted with such
pretensions, he affects greater indifference and less discrimination in viewing
them himself than he possesses. He is fastidious and will have an affectation of
his own."
"It is very true," said Marianne, "that admiration of landscape scenery is
become a mere jargon. Every body pretends to feel and tries to describe with the
taste and elegance of him who first defined what picturesque beauty was. I

fastidious: (adj, n) exacting, critical,
accurate; (adj) delicate, particular,
careful, exigent, dainty,
discriminating, nice, fussy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sloppy,
unfastidious, careless, uncouth,
uncritical, easy, indifferent,
undemanding, slapdash, relaxed,
easygoing.
hazy: (adj) fuzzy, cloudy, vague,
blurred, foggy, nebulous, misty,
indistinct, blurry, faint, dull.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, distinct,
precise, sunny, thick, detailed,
definite, strong.
indistinct: (adj) indefinite, inarticulate,
faint, dull, fuzzy, indeterminate,
hazy, neutral; (adj, n) confused,
cloudy, dark. ANTONYMS: (adj)
clear, slight, separate, certain, precise,
audible, strong, definite.
minutely: (adv) precisely, in detail,
closely, tinily, smally, insignificantly,
infinitesimally, diminutively, nicely,
exactly, microscopically.
moss: (n) lichen, marsh, bog, morass,
marish, fen, bryophyte, quagmire,
swamp, Bryace; (adj) byssus.
pretensions: (n) airs, affected manner,
mannerism.
uncouth: (adj) rough, rude, barbarous,
vulgar, crude, awkward, clumsy,
gross, unrefined, ungainly, common.
ANTONYMS: (adj) refined, couth,
polite, sophisticated, pleasant,
proper, genteel.
 Jane Austen 103

detest jargon of every kind, and sometimes I have kept my feelings to myself,
because I could find no language to describe them in but what was worn and
hackneyed out of all sense and meaning."
"I am convinced," said Edward, "that you really feel all the delight in a fine
prospect which you profess to feel. But, in return, your sister must allow me to
feel no more than I profess. I like a fine prospect, but not on picturesque
principles. I do not like crooked, twisted, blasted trees. I admire them much
more if they are tall, straight, and flourishing. I do not like ruined, tattered
cottages. I am not fond of nettles or thistles, or heath blossoms. I have more
pleasure in a snug farm-house than a watch-tower--and a troop of tidy, happy
villages please me better than the finest banditti in the world."
Marianne looked with amazement at Edward, with compassion at her sister.
Elinor only laughed.%
The subject was continued no farther; and Marianne remained thoughtfully
silent, till a new object suddenly engaged her attention. She was sitting by
Edward, and in taking his tea from Mrs. Dashwood, his hand passed so directly
before her, as to make a ring, with a plait of hair in the centre, very conspicuous
on one of his fingers.
"I never saw you wear a ring before, Edward," she cried. "Is that Fanny's hair?
I remember her promising to give you some. But I should have thought her hair
had been darker."
Marianne spoke inconsiderately what she really felt-- but when she saw how
much she had pained Edward, her own vexation at her want of thought could
not be surpassed by his. He coloured very deeply, and giving a momentary
glance at Elinor, replied, "Yes; it is my sister's hair. The setting always casts a
different shade on it, you know."
Elinor had met his eye, and looked conscious likewise. That the hair was her
own, she instantaneously felt as well satisfied as Marianne; the only difference in
their conclusions was, that what Marianne considered as a free gift from her
sister, Elinor was conscious must have been procured by some theft or

Thesaurus
detest: (n, v) hate; (v) abominate, indiscreetly, carelessly, unadvisedly, entwine, interlace, intertwine.
loathe, despise, execrate, dislike, tactlessly, rashly, unkindly, rudely, profess: (v) assert, feign, affirm, avow,
nauseate, contemn, dislike intensely; headlongly, inattentively, selfishly. state, pretend, claim, confess, allege,
(n) loathing, abhorrence. ANTONYMS: (adv) considerately, aver; (n, v) protest. ANTONYM: (v)
ANTONYMS: (v) adore, like, cherish, politely. repress.
admire. pained: (adj) offended, aggrieved, troop: (n) group, corps, gang, crowd,
hackneyed: (adj) banal, trite, common, distressed, displeased, sore, grieved, band, brigade, crew, herd, swarm,
stock, corny, conventional, stale, miserable, injured, wounded, horde; (n, v) flock.
threadbare, tired, platitudinous, worried, upset. ANTONYM: (adj) vexation: (adj, n) annoyance, nuisance;
unoriginal. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, unaffected. (n) irritation, worry, aggravation,
novel, imaginative, exceptional. plait: (n, v) braid, plat, double; (n) displeasure, chagrin, chafe, anger,
inconsiderately: (adv) unthinkingly, pigtail, pleat, tuck; (v) lace, crease, frustration, botheration.
104 Sense and Sensibility

contrivance unknown to herself. She was not in a humour, however, to regard it

as an affront, and affecting to take no notice of what passed, by instantly talking
of something else, she internally resolved henceforward to catch every
opportunity of eyeing the hair and of satisfying herself, beyond all doubt, that it
was exactly the shade of her own.%
Edward's embarrassment lasted some time, and it ended in an absence of
mind still more settled. He was particularly grave the whole morning. Marianne
severely censured herself for what she had said; but her own forgiveness might
have been more speedy, had she known how little offence it had given her sister.
Before the middle of the day, they were visited by Sir John and Mrs. Jennings,
who, having heard of the arrival of a gentleman at the cottage, came to take a
survey of the guest. With the assistance of his mother-in-law, Sir John was not
long in discovering that the name of Ferrars began with an F. and this prepared a
future mine of raillery against the devoted Elinor, which nothing but the
newness of their acquaintance with Edward could have prevented from being
immediately sprung. But, as it was, she only learned, from some very significant
looks, how far their penetration, founded on Margaret's instructions, extended.
Sir John never came to the Dashwoods without either inviting them to dine at
the park the next day, or to drink tea with them that evening. On the present
occasion, for the better entertainment of their visitor, towards whose amusement
he felt himself bound to contribute, he wished to engage them for both.
"You must drink tea with us to night," said he, "for we shall be quite alone--
and tomorrow you must absolutely dine with us, for we shall be a large party."
Mrs. Jennings enforced the necessity. "And who knows but you may raise a
dance," said she. "And that will tempt you, Miss Marianne."
"A dance!" cried Marianne. "Impossible! Who is to dance?"
"Who! why yourselves, and the Careys, and Whitakers to be sure.--What! you
thought nobody could dance because a certain person that shall be nameless is
gone!"

affront: (n, v) insult, abuse, outrage,
slight, snub; (v) face, offend; (n)
disgrace, slur, offense, mortification.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise; (v) please,
placate, mollify, gratify, flatter,
assuage, appease, adulate; (n)
pleasantry, appeasement.
censured: (adj) guilty, appropriated.
contrivance: (n) device, appliance,
gadget, artifice, plot, dodge, resource,
plan, contraption, machine,
apparatus.
Thesaurus
dine: (v) feed, lunch, breakfast, dining, moment on, after this.
meal, give, have supper, take tea,
grub, consume, entertain.
ANTONYM: (v) abstain.
forgiveness: (n) mercy, condonation,
clemency, kindness, pity, remission,
leniency, absolution, grace,
compassion; (n, v) pardon.
ANTONYMS: (n) condemnation,
cruelty, harshness.
henceforward: (adv) in future, from
now on, from this time on, from this
nameless: (adj) unknown, unnamed,
unidentified, unsung,
undistinguished, unspecified,
inexpressible, strange, indescribable,
obscure, unspeakable. ANTONYM:
(adj) famous.
newness: (n) freshness, recency,
originality, innovation, inexperience,
new, uniqueness, age, novity,
recentness, new state. ANTONYMS:
(n) mustiness, oldness.
 Jane Austen 105

"I wish with all my soul," cried Sir John, "that Willoughby were among us
again."
This, and Marianne's blushing, gave new suspicions to Edward. "And who
is Willoughby?" said he, in a low voice, to Miss Dashwood, by whom he was
sitting.%
She gave him a brief reply. Marianne's countenance was more
communicative. Edward saw enough to comprehend, not only the meaning of
others, but such of Marianne's expressions as had puzzled him before; and when
their visitors left them, he went immediately round her, and said, in a whisper, "I
have been guessing. Shall I tell you my guess?"
"What do you mean?"
"Shall I tell you."
"Certainly."
"Well then; I guess that Mr. Willoughby hunts."
Marianne was surprised and confused, yet she could not help smiling at the
quiet archness of his manner, and after a moment's silence, said,
"Oh, Edward! How can you?--But the time will come I hope...I am sure you
will like him."
"I do not doubt it," replied he, rather astonished at her earnestness and
warmth; for had he not imagined it to be a joke for the good of her acquaintance
in general, founded only on a something or a nothing between Mr. Willoughby
and herself, he would not have ventured to mention it.

archness: (n) playfulness, craftiness,
cunning, wiliness, slyness, perkiness,
flippancy, hatred, astuteness, malice,
pertness. ANTONYM: (n) humility.
blushing: (adj) rosy, coy, blushful,
flushed, red, shy, bashful,
overmodest, ruddy; (adv) blushingly,
ablush. ANTONYM: (adj) pale.
communicative: (adj) communicable,
chatty, communicatory, expansive,
expressive, clear, frank, fluent,
companionable, conversational, open.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (adj) uninformative,
reserved, reticent, closed, taciturn,
impassive, restrained, inarticulate.
expressions: (n) vocabulary, terms,
language.
founded: (prep) established, institute;
(v) fusil, cast.
guessing: (adv) guessingly; (n) dead
reckoning, guesswork,
approximation, supposition, gibe,
shot, blastoff, barb, estimation, dig.
puzzled: (adj) bewildered, confused,
baffled, nonplussed, doubtful,
bemused, at a loss, curious,
mystified, nonplused, dazed.
ANTONYM: (adj) clear.
suspicions: (adj) entertain doubts,
have doubts; (n) doubts, misgivings,
reservations, qualms, worries, fears,
uncertainties.
whisper: (n, v) murmur, hum,
mumble, suggestion, hint, inkling; (v)
breathe, hiss; (n) rustle, trace, breath.
ANTONYM: (n) information.
 Jane Austen 107

CHAPTER 19

Edward remained a week at the cottage; he was earnestly pressed by Mrs.

Dashwood to stay longer; but, as if he were bent only on self-mortification, he
seemed resolved to be gone when his enjoyment among his friends was at the
height. His spirits, during the last two or three days, though still very unequal,
were greatly improved--he grew more and more partial to the house and
environs--never spoke of going away without a sigh--declared his time to be
wholly disengaged--even doubted to what place he should go when he left them-
-but still, go he must. Never had any week passed so quickly--he could hardly
believe it to be gone. He said so repeatedly; other things he said too, which
marked the turn of his feelings and gave the lie to his actions. He had no
pleasure at Norland; he detested being in town; but either to Norland or London,
he must go. He valued their kindness beyond any thing, and his greatest
happiness was in being with them. Yet, he must leave them at the end of a week,
in spite of their wishes and his own, and without any restraint on his time.%
Elinor placed all that was astonishing in this way of acting to his mother's
account; and it was happy for her that he had a mother whose character was so
imperfectly known to her, as to be the general excuse for every thing strange on
the part of her son. Disappointed, however, and vexed as she was, and
sometimes displeased with his uncertain behaviour to herself, she was very well
disposed on the whole to regard his actions with all the candid allowances and

detested: (adj) despised, unpopular,
disliked, loathed, not accepted,
unloved, scorned, reviled, out of
favor, not liked.
displeased: (adj) disgruntled,
dissatisfied, angry, annoyed,
unhappy, peeved, irritated,
disgusted, indignant; (v) pained,
afflicted. ANTONYMS: (adj)
contented, satisfied, calm.
earnestly: (adj, adv) seriously; (adv)
eagerly, intently, zealously, solemnly,
Thesaurus
ardently, fervently, heartily, gravely, unequal: (adj) different, unlike,
warmly, passionately. ANTONYMS: uneven, rough, lopsided, unfair,
(adv) indifferently, insincerely, inadequate, disparate,
unconcernedly, jokingly. disproportionate, unbalanced,
grew: (v) become, develop; (adj) unsymmetrical. ANTONYMS: (adj)
grown. equal, even, fair, identical, similar,
imperfectly: (adv) faultily, defectively, same, level, constant, balanced, like,
badly, deficiently, incompletely, corresponding.
partially, poorly, inadequately, valued: (adj) precious, appreciated,
sketchily, incorrectly, halfway. respected, dear, prized, priced,
ANTONYMS: (adv) perfectly, treasured, value, esteemed, loved,
flawlessly, correctly, well. beloved.
108 Sense and Sensibility

generous qualifications, which had been rather more painfully extorted from her,
for Willoughby's service, by her mother. His want of spirits, of openness, and of
consistency, were most usually attributed to his want of independence, and his
better knowledge of Mrs. Ferrars's disposition and designs. The shortness of his
visit, the steadiness of his purpose in leaving them, originated in the same
fettered inclination, the same inevitable necessity of temporizing with his
mother. The old well-established grievance of duty against will, parent against
child, was the cause of all. She would have been glad to know when these
difficulties were to cease, this opposition was to yield,--when Mrs. Ferrars would
be reformed, and her son be at liberty to be happy. But from such vain wishes
she was forced to turn for comfort to the renewal of her confidence in Edward's
affection, to the remembrance of every mark of regard in look or word which fell
from him while at Barton, and above all to that flattering proof of it which he
constantly wore round his finger.%
"I think, Edward," said Mrs. Dashwood, as they were at breakfast the last
morning, "you would be a happier man if you had any profession to engage your
time and give an interest to your plans and actions. Some inconvenience to your
friends, indeed, might result from it--you would not be able to give them so
much of your time. But (with a smile) you would be materially benefited in one
particular at least--you would know where to go when you left them."
"I do assure you," he replied, "that I have long thought on this point, as you
think now. It has been, and is, and probably will always be a heavy misfortune
to me, that I have had no necessary business to engage me, no profession to give
me employment, or afford me any thing like independence. But unfortunately
my own nicety, and the nicety of my friends, have made me what I am, an idle,
helpless being. We never could agree in our choice of a profession. I always
preferred the church, as I still do. But that was not smart enough for my family.
They recommended the army. That was a great deal too smart for me. The law
was allowed to be genteel enough; many young men, who had chambers in the
Temple, made a very good appearance in the first circles, and drove about town
in very knowing gigs. But I had no inclination for the law, even in this less

Thesaurus
fettered: (adj) bound, in fetters, in fashionable, nice, civil, ladylike. correctness, daintiness, elegance.
bonds, responsible. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncouth, reformed: (adj) improved, corrected,
flattering: (adj) ingratiating, improper, vulgar. unorthodox, altered.
complimentary, courtly, obsequious, grievance: (n) injustice, wrong, shortness: (n) lack, abruptness,
adulatory, fulsome, bland, candied, grudge, affliction, protest, objection, brusqueness, curtness, briefness,
smooth, encouraging; (n) flattery. disaffection, discontentment, shortage, conciseness, gruffness,
ANTONYMS: (adj) assertive, critical, dissatisfaction; (adj) annoyance; (adj, curtailment, short, shortcoming.
unflattering, unattractive, wounding, n) distress. ANTONYMS: (n) justice, ANTONYMS: (n) tallness, height,
uncomplimentary, negative; (adv) praise. longness, wordiness, courtesy.
partially. nicety: (n) detail, exactness, temporizing: (n) timeserving.
genteel: (adj) elegant, polite, cultured, fastidiousness, nuance, refinement, well-established: (adj) genuine,
refined, graceful, courtly, courteous, exactitude, justness, precision, orthodox, dyed-in-the-wool.
 Jane Austen 109

abstruse study of it, which my family approved. As for the navy, it had fashion
on its side, but I was too old when the subject was first started to enter it--and, at
length, as there was no necessity for my having any profession at all, as I might
be as dashing and expensive without a red coat on my back as with one, idleness
was pronounced on the whole to be most advantageous and honourable, and a
young man of eighteen is not in general so earnestly bent on being busy as to
resist the solicitations of his friends to do nothing. I was therefore entered at
Oxford and have been properly idle ever since."%
"The consequence of which, I suppose, will be," said Mrs. Dashwood, "since
leisure has not promoted your own happiness, that your sons will be brought up
to as many pursuits, employments, professions, and trades as Columella's."
"They will be brought up," said he, in a serious accent, "to be as unlike myself
as is possible. In feeling, in action, in condition, in every thing."
"Come, come; this is all an effusion of immediate want of spirits, Edward.
You are in a melancholy humour, and fancy that any one unlike yourself must be
happy. But remember that the pain of parting from friends will be felt by every
body at times, whatever be their education or state. Know your own happiness.
You want nothing but patience--or give it a more fascinating name, call it hope.
Your mother will secure to you, in time, that independence you are so anxious
for; it is her duty, and it will, it must ere long become her happiness to prevent
your whole youth from being wasted in discontent. How much may not a few
months do?"
"I think," replied Edward, "that I may defy many months to produce any
good to me."
This desponding turn of mind, though it could not be communicated to Mrs.
Dashwood, gave additional pain to them all in the parting, which shortly took
place, and left an uncomfortable impression on Elinor's feelings especially, which
required some trouble and time to subdue. But as it was her determination to
subdue it, and to prevent herself from appearing to suffer more than what all her
family suffered on his going away, she did not adopt the method so judiciously
employed by Marianne, on a similar occasion, to augment and fix her sorrow, by
Thesaurus
abstruse: (adj) esoteric, obscure, emission, flow. sagaciously, shrewdly, discreetly,
abstract, difficult, deep, cryptic, honourable: (adj) estimable, reverend, discerningly, politically, cautiously,
mysterious, occult, complex, dark, venerable, glorious, honorable, logically, rationally, sensibly,
intricate. ANTONYMS: (adj) simple, distinguished, above-board, good, soundly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
direct, clear, lucid, plain, obvious, worthy, right, noble. foolishly, injudiciously, unwisely,
mainstream, concrete, idleness: (n) lethargy, laziness, torpor, illogically, imprudently.
comprehensible, easy, accessible. inactivity, idling, unemployment, subdue: (adj, n, v) conquer; (v)
desponding: (adj) despairing, sloth, inaction, inertia, faineance, overpower, crush, defeat, quell,
despondent. idlesse. ANTONYMS: (n) energy, quash, suppress, restrain; (n, v)
effusion: (n) effluence, eruption, activity, bustle, liveliness, reduce; (adj, v) repress; (adv, v)
outpour, efflux, outburst, exudation, responsibility. control. ANTONYMS: (v) incite,
extrusion, exhalation, emanation, judiciously: (adv) prudently, enliven, resist, submit.
110 Sense and Sensibility

seeking silence, solitude and idleness. Their means were as different as their
objects, and equally suited to the advancement of each.%
Elinor sat down to her drawing-table as soon as he was out of the house,
busily employed herself the whole day, neither sought nor avoided the mention
of his name, appeared to interest herself almost as much as ever in the general
concerns of the family, and if, by this conduct, she did not lessen her own grief, it
was at least prevented from unnecessary increase, and her mother and sisters
were spared much solicitude on her account.
Such behaviour as this, so exactly the reverse of her own, appeared no more
meritorious to Marianne, than her own had seemed faulty to her. The business
of self-command she settled very easily;--with strong affections it was
impossible, with calm ones it could have no merit. That her sister's affections
were calm, she dared not deny, though she blushed to acknowledge it; and of the
strength of her own, she gave a very striking proof, by still loving and respecting
that sister, in spite of this mortifying conviction.
Without shutting herself up from her family, or leaving the house in
determined solitude to avoid them, or lying awake the whole night to indulge
meditation, Elinor found every day afforded her leisure enough to think of
Edward, and of Edward's behaviour, in every possible variety which the
different state of her spirits at different times could produce,--with tenderness,
pity, approbation, censure, and doubt. There were moments in abundance,
when, if not by the absence of her mother and sisters, at least by the nature of
their employments, conversation was forbidden among them, and every effect of
solitude was produced. Her mind was inevitably at liberty; her thoughts could
not be chained elsewhere; and the past and the future, on a subject so interesting,
must be before her, must force her attention, and engross her memory, her
reflection, and her fancy.
From a reverie of this kind, as she sat at her drawing-table, she was roused
one morning, soon after Edward's leaving them, by the arrival of company. She
happened to be quite alone. The closing of the little gate, at the entrance of the
green court in front of the house, drew her eyes to the window, and she saw a

busily: (adv) actively, occupiedly,
briskly, industriously, engagedly,
energetically, assiduously, lively,
officiously, fussily, meddlesomely.
ANTONYM: (adv) inactively.
chained: (adj) in chains, enchained,
bound.
drew: (n) move, John Drew.
engross: (v) absorb, engage, consume, demeaning, humbling, undignified,
occupy, copy, captivate, fascinate,
involve, swallow, engulf; (adj, v)
immerse. ANTONYMS: (v) reject,
Thesaurus
ignore, distract, bore. respecting: (prep) about, regarding,
meritorious: (adj) commendable, apropos, as regards, pertaining to;
laudable, deserving, estimable, (adj) relative, not absolute,
creditable, worthy, admirable, pertaining, referring, loving.
excellent, praiseworthy, desertful, roused: (adj) excited, awake,
meritable. ANTONYMS: (adj) susceptible, emotional, elated,
discreditable, worthless. interested.
mortifying: (adj) embarrassing, shutting: (n) closing, conclusion, end,
closure, ending, finish, mop up,
off, awkward, unpleasant; (v) culmination, closedown; (adj)
annoying, aggravating, irritating, confining, claudent. ANTONYM: (n)
stinging. ANTONYM: (adj) dignified. opening.
 Jane Austen 111

large party walking up to the door. Amongst them were Sir John and Lady
Middleton and Mrs. Jennings, but there were two others, a gentleman and lady,
who were quite unknown to her. She was sitting near the window, and as soon
as Sir John perceived her, he left the rest of the party to the ceremony of
knocking at the door, and stepping across the turf, obliged her to open the
casement to speak to him, though the space was so short between the door and
the window, as to make it hardly possible to speak at one without being heard at
the other.%
"Well," said he, "we have brought you some strangers. How do you like
them?"
"Hush! they will hear you."
"Never mind if they do. It is only the Palmers. Charlotte is very pretty, I can
tell you. You may see her if you look this way."
As Elinor was certain of seeing her in a couple of minutes, without taking
that liberty, she begged to be excused.
"Where is Marianne? Has she run away because we are come? I see her
instrument is open."
"She is walking, I believe."
They were now joined by Mrs. Jennings, who had not patience enough to
wait till the door was opened before she told her story. She came hallooing to the
window, "How do you do, my dear? How does Mrs. Dashwood do? And where
are your sisters? What! all alone! you will be glad of a little company to sit with
you. I have brought my other son and daughter to see you. Only think of their
coming so suddenly! I thought I heard a carriage last night, while we were
drinking our tea, but it never entered my head that it could be them. I thought of
nothing but whether it might not be Colonel Brandon come back again; so I said
to Sir John, I do think I hear a carriage; perhaps it is Colonel Brandon come back
again"--
Elinor was obliged to turn from her, in the middle of her story, to receive the
rest of the party; Lady Middleton introduced the two strangers; Mrs. Dashwood

Thesaurus
casement: (n) embrasure, casement still, lull; (n) peace; (v) shut up, gag, dependence.
cloth. quieten, muffle; (adj, v) soothe. patience: (n) endurance, fortitude,
ceremony: (n) courtesy, celebration, ANTONYMS: (n) noise, turmoil; (v) longanimity, equanimity, tolerance,
ceremonial, parade, pomp, rite, Louden. resignation, restraint, composure,
ceremonies, manners, custom, ritual, knocking: (n) sound, bang, beating, sufferance; (n, v) moderation,
pageant. ANTONYMS: (n) modesty, hit, rap, strike, belt, criticism, bash. calmness. ANTONYMS: (n)
understatement. liberty: (adj, n) freedom, franchise; (n) impatience, eagerness, intolerance,
drinking: (n) consumption, ingestion, license, leave, independence, annoyance.
intake, potation, drunkenness, autonomy, emancipation, latitude, stepping: (n) steps.
crapulence, boozing, drinkable, permission, scope, release. turf: (n) sward, greensward, ground,
uptake, intemperateness, booze. ANTONYMS: (n) slavery, grass, field, peat, lawn, green, divot,
hush: (adj, n, v) calm, silence, quiet, domination, constraint, suppression, Corso, race course.
112 Sense and Sensibility

and Margaret came down stairs at the same time, and they all sat down to look at
one another, while Mrs. Jennings continued her story as she walked through the
passage into the parlour, attended by Sir John.%
Mrs. Palmer was several years younger than Lady Middleton, and totally
unlike her in every respect. She was short and plump, had a very pretty face, and
the finest expression of good humour in it that could possibly be. Her manners
were by no means so elegant as her sister's, but they were much more
prepossessing. She came in with a smile, smiled all the time of her visit, except
when she laughed, and smiled when she went away. Her husband was a grave
looking young man of five or six and twenty, with an air of more fashion and
sense than his wife, but of less willingness to please or be pleased. He entered the
room with a look of self-consequence, slightly bowed to the ladies, without
speaking a word, and, after briefly surveying them and their apartments, took
up a newspaper from the table, and continued to read it as long as he staid.
Mrs. Palmer, on the contrary, who was strongly endowed by nature with a
turn for being uniformly civil and happy, was hardly seated before her
admiration of the parlour and every thing in it burst forth.
"Well! what a delightful room this is! I never saw anything so charming!
Only think, Mamma, how it is improved since I was here last! I always thought it
such a sweet place, ma'am! (turning to Mrs. Dashwood) but you have made it so
charming! Only look, sister, how delightful every thing is! How I should like
such a house for myself! Should not you, Mr. Palmer?"
Mr. Palmer made her no answer, and did not even raise his eyes from the
newspaper.
"Mr. Palmer does not hear me," said she, laughing; "he never does sometimes.
It is so ridiculous!"
This was quite a new idea to Mrs. Dashwood; she had never been used to
find wit in the inattention of any one, and could not help looking with surprise at
them both.

admiration: (n) esteem, adoration,
appreciation, reverence, estimation,
amazement, liking, awe, compliment;
(adj, n) regard; (v) laud.
ANTONYMS: (n) disdain, criticism,
disapproval, contempt, abhorrence,
loathing, disgust, despising,
dishonor, disparagement,
detestation.
endowed: (adj) gifted, clever, cute,
felicitous, competent, blessed, artistic,
brilliant, ingenious, talented,
Thesaurus
qualitied. lovely, captivating, charming, nice,
palmer: (n) lay brother, monk, nomad, graceful, winsome; (v) inviting.
mendicant, Gypsy, hadji, friar, staid: (adj, v) serious, sedate, grave,
beadsman, bohemian, cenobite, solemn, sober, demure; (adj) calm,
conventual. quiet, composed, somber, decorous.
plump: (adj) chubby, corpulent, stout, ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous,
round, obese, overweight, gross, exciting, funny, daring, playful,
buxom, pudgy; (adj, n) fleshy; (v) bright, relaxed.
fatten. ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, surveying: (n) mensuration,
emaciated, skinny, slim, slender. measurement, investigation,
prepossessing: (adj) engaging, triangulation; (v) inspect, examine;
winning, handsome, appealing, (adj) observant.
 Jane Austen 113

Mrs. Jennings, in the meantime, talked on as loud as she could, and

continued her account of their surprise, the evening before, on seeing their
friends, without ceasing till every thing was told. Mrs. Palmer laughed heartily
at the recollection of their astonishment, and every body agreed, two or three
times over, that it had been quite an agreeable surprise.%
"You may believe how glad we all were to see them," added Mrs. Jennings,
leaning forward towards Elinor, and speaking in a low voice as if she meant to
be heard by no one else, though they were seated on different sides of the room;
"but, however, I can't help wishing they had not travelled quite so fast, nor made
such a long journey of it, for they came all round by London upon account of
some business, for you know (nodding significantly and pointing to her
daughter) it was wrong in her situation. I wanted her to stay at home and rest
this morning, but she would come with us; she longed so much to see you all!"
Mrs. Palmer laughed, and said it would not do her any harm.
"She expects to be confined in February," continued Mrs. Jennings.
Lady Middleton could no longer endure such a conversation, and therefore
exerted herself to ask Mr. Palmer if there was any news in the paper.
"No, none at all," he replied, and read on.
"Here comes Marianne," cried Sir John. "Now, Palmer, you shall see a
monstrous pretty girl."
He immediately went into the passage, opened the front door, and ushered
her in himself. Mrs. Jennings asked her, as soon as she appeared, if she had not
been to Allenham; and Mrs. Palmer laughed so heartily at the question, as to
show she understood it. Mr. Palmer looked up on her entering the room, stared
at her some minutes, and then returned to his newspaper. Mrs. Palmer's eye was
now caught by the drawings which hung round the room. She got up to examine
them.
"Oh! dear, how beautiful these are! Well! how delightful! Do but look,
mama, how sweet! I declare they are quite charming; I could look at them for

astonishment: (n) admiration,
wonder, wonderment, surprise,
marvel, stupefaction, confusion,
consternation, awe, alarm, startle.
ANTONYMS: (n) calmness, belief,
contempt.
ceasing: (n) stopping, subsidence.
declare: (v) advertise, assert, allege,
attest, aver, admit, acknowledge,
proclaim, avow; (n, v) affirm, say.
ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, revoke,
suppress, retract, repress, disclaim,
Thesaurus
withhold, request, refute, block. ANTONYMS: (v) perish, die, break,
delightful: (adj) delicious, delectable, fall, discontinue, crumble, end, enjoy,
charming, pleasing, grateful, blissful, resign, quit, collapse.
amiable, adorable, lovely, nice, monstrous: (adj) huge, atrocious,
gorgeous. ANTONYMS: (adj) heinous, monster, immense, gigantic,
unpleasant, unwelcome, hateful, grievous, ugly, flagitious, dreadful;
miserable, unhappy, unappealing, (adj, v) grotesque. ANTONYMS: (adj)
horrific, horrible, disagreeable, tiny, minute, beautiful, good, small,
depressing, annoying. lovely, attractive.
endure: (adj, n, v) continue, support; pointing: (n) punctuation, indication,
(n, v) bear, suffer, stand, be; (v) scoring.
accept, undergo, allow, stay, tolerate. travelled: (adj) cosmopolitan.
114 Sense and Sensibility

ever." And then sitting down again, she very soon forgot that there were any
such things in the room.
When Lady Middleton rose to go away, Mr. Palmer rose also, laid down the
newspaper, stretched himself and looked at them all around.%
"My love, have you been asleep?" said his wife, laughing.
He made her no answer; and only observed, after again examining the room,
that it was very low pitched, and that the ceiling was crooked. He then made his
bow, and departed with the rest.
Sir John had been very urgent with them all to spend the next day at the park.
Mrs. Dashwood, who did not chuse to dine with them oftener than they dined at
the cottage, absolutely refused on her own account; her daughters might do as
they pleased. But they had no curiosity to see how Mr. and Mrs. Palmer ate their
dinner, and no expectation of pleasure from them in any other way. They
attempted, therefore, likewise, to excuse themselves; the weather was uncertain,
and not likely to be good. But Sir John would not be satisfied--the carriage
should be sent for them and they must come. Lady Middleton too, though she
did not press their mother, pressed them. Mrs. Jennings and Mrs. Palmer joined
their entreaties, all seemed equally anxious to avoid a family party; and the
young ladies were obliged to yield.
"Why should they ask us?" said Marianne, as soon as they were gone. "The
rent of this cottage is said to be low; but we have it on very hard terms, if we are
to dine at the park whenever any one is staying either with them, or with us."
"They mean no less to be civil and kind to us now," said Elinor, "by these
frequent invitations, than by those which we received from them a few weeks
ago. The alteration is not in them, if their parties are grown tedious and dull. We
must look for the change elsewhere."

Thesaurus
alteration: (n) adjustment, change, honorable. (adj) investigative, curious,
revision, shift, changeover, curiosity: (n) curiousness, rarity, disquisitive, exploratory, inquiring.
conversion, modification, variation, interest, curio, oddity, prying, likewise: (adv) besides, in addition,
reversal, metamorphosis, nosiness, peculiarity, novelty, furthermore, alike, moreover, further,
amendment. ANTONYMS: (n) fixity, marvel; (adj, n) prodigy. too, similarly; (adj, adv) as well,
preservation. ANTONYMS: (n) emotionlessness, equally; (adj) even.
crooked: (adj) bent, corrupt, dishonest, indifference, disinterest. pitched: (adj) oblique, thrown,
curved, unfair, deformed; (adj, n, v) departed: (adj) dead, bygone, late, slanting, at an angle, leaning; (v)
awry; (adj, v) irregular, askew, wry, former, bypast, defunct, past, left; fixed, pight, determined.
indirect. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, (adj, v) gone, extinct; (n) decedent. ANTONYM: (adj) level.
honest, principled, even, aboveboard, ANTONYMS: (adj) remaining, alive. refused: (adj) forbidden, refuse,
lawful, level, moral, flat, aligned, examining: (v) examine, investigate; prohibited, hence.
 Jane Austen 115

CHAPTER 20

As the Miss Dashwoods entered the drawing-room of the park the next day,
at one door, Mrs. Palmer came running in at the other, looking as good
humoured and merry as before. She took them all most affectionately by the
hand, and expressed great delight in seeing them again.%
"I am so glad to see you!" said she, seating herself between Elinor and
Marianne, "for it is so bad a day I was afraid you might not come, which would
be a shocking thing, as we go away again tomorrow. We must go, for the
Westons come to us next week you know. It was quite a sudden thing our
coming at all, and I knew nothing of it till the carriage was coming to the door,
and then Mr. Palmer asked me if I would go with him to Barton. He is so droll!
He never tells me any thing! I am so sorry we cannot stay longer; however we
shall meet again in town very soon, I hope."
They were obliged to put an end to such an expectation.
"Not go to town!" cried Mrs. Palmer, with a laugh, "I shall be quite
disappointed if you do not. I could get the nicest house in world for you, next
door to ours, in Hanover-square. You must come, indeed. I am sure I shall be
very happy to chaperon you at any time till I am confined, if Mrs. Dashwood
should not like to go into public."
They thanked her; but were obliged to resist all her entreaties.

Thesaurus
affectionately: (adv) lovingly, droll: (adj) comical, humorous, funny, seating: (n) room, circle, parterre,
tenderly, warmly, dearly, caringly, laughable, burlesque, ludicrous, parquet, orchestra, service, way, base,
devotedly, kindly, ardently, ridiculous; (adj, n) comic, witty; (n) footing, housing, stand.
cordially, amorously, dotingly. buffoon, clown. ANTONYMS: (adj) shocking: (adj) frightful, shameful,
ANTONYMS: (adv) disapprovingly, dramatic, dull, grave, tragic, solemn. formidable, ghastly, horrible,
frostily, roughly. expectation: (n) expectancy, belief, hideous, disgraceful, disgusting,
chaperon: (adj) duenna; (n, v) escort, hope, possibility, outlook, trust, scandalous; (adj, v) offensive,
chaperone, guide; (v) accompany, confidence, arithmetic mean, abominable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
attend; (adj, v) matronize; (n) thought, suspense; (n, v) prospect. admirable, delightful, pleasing,
companion, defender, governess, ANTONYMS: (n) despair, lovely, comforting, honorable,
esquire. ANTONYMS: (v) withdraw, hopelessness, discouragement, wonderful, bland, inoffensive,
leave, abandon, desert. distrust. decent, excellent.
116 Sense and Sensibility

"Oh, my love," cried Mrs. Palmer to her husband, who just then entered the
room--"you must help me to persuade the Miss Dashwoods to go to town this
winter."
Her love made no answer; and after slightly bowing to the ladies, began
complaining of the weather.%
"How horrid all this is!" said he. "Such weather makes every thing and every
body disgusting. Dullness is as much produced within doors as without, by
rain. It makes one detest all one's acquaintance. What the devil does Sir John
mean by not having a billiard room in his house? How few people know what
comfort is! Sir John is as stupid as the weather."
The rest of the company soon dropt in.
"I am afraid, Miss Marianne," said Sir John, "you have not been able to take
your usual walk to Allenham today."
Marianne looked very grave and said nothing.
"Oh, don't be so sly before us," said Mrs. Palmer; "for we know all about it, I
assure you; and I admire your taste very much, for I think he is extremely
handsome. We do not live a great way from him in the country, you know. Not
above ten miles, I dare say."
"Much nearer thirty," said her husband.
"Ah, well! there is not much difference. I never was at his house; but they say
it is a sweet pretty place."
"As vile a spot as I ever saw in my life," said Mr. Palmer.
Marianne remained perfectly silent, though her countenance betrayed her
interest in what was said.
"Is it very ugly?" continued Mrs. Palmer--"then it must be some other place
that is so pretty I suppose."
When they were seated in the dining room, Sir John observed with regret that
they were only eight all together.

billiard: (n) pool, one thousand
billions.
bowing: (n) obeisance, playing,
gesticulation, capitulation,
genuflection, scraping, submission;
(adj) bowed, bent, fawning,
submissive.
complaining: (adj) irritable, peevish,
petulant, whining, moaning,
complaintive, repining; (adj, v)
querulous; (n, v) lamenting; (adv)
complainingly; (n) plaintive.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, horrid: (adj) grisly, ghastly, ugly,
uncomplaining, cheerful, willing. gruesome, grim, fearful, dreadful,
disgusting: (adj) abominable, direful, dire, horrible, fearsome.
loathsome, odious, nasty, execrable, ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, nice,
distasteful, disgustful, offensive, foul, appealing, attractive, kind.
disagreeable, obscene. ANTONYMS: vile: (adj, n) contemptible, dirty, low;
(adj) attractive, appealing, delightful, (adj, v) base; (adj) despicable, ignoble,
tasty, pleasing, edible, charming, evil, sorry, revolting, offensive, nasty.
appetizing, laudable, lovable, nice. ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, kind,
don't: (adv) not; (n) taboo, prohibition. nice, lovely, lovable, gentle,
having: (n) estate, possession, honorable, good, delightful,
acceptance, enjoyment. admirable, noble.
 Jane Austen 117

"My dear," said he to his lady, "it is very provoking that we should be so few.
Why did not you ask the Gilberts to come to us today?"
"Did not I tell you, Sir John, when you spoke to me about it before, that it
could not be done? They dined with us last."
"You and I, Sir John," said Mrs. Jennings, "should not stand upon such
ceremony."
"Then you would be very ill-bred," cried Mr. Palmer.%
"My love you contradict every body," said his wife with her usual laugh. "Do
you know that you are quite rude?"
"I did not know I contradicted any body in calling your mother ill-bred."
"Ay, you may abuse me as you please," said the good-natured old lady, "you
have taken Charlotte off my hands, and cannot give her back again. So there I
have the whip hand of you."
Charlotte laughed heartily to think that her husband could not get rid of her;
and exultingly said, she did not care how cross he was to her, as they must live
together. It was impossible for any one to be more thoroughly good-natured, or
more determined to be happy than Mrs. Palmer. The studied indifference,
insolence, and discontent of her husband gave her no pain; and when he scolded
or abused her, she was highly diverted.
"Mr. Palmer is so droll!" said she, in a whisper, to Elinor. "He is always out of
humour."
Elinor was not inclined, after a little observation, to give him credit for being
so genuinely and unaffectedly ill-natured or ill-bred as he wished to appear. His
temper might perhaps be a little soured by finding, like many others of his sex,
that through some unaccountable bias in favour of beauty, he was the husband
of a very silly woman,--but she knew that this kind of blunder was too common
for any sensible man to be lastingly hurt by it.-- It was rather a wish of
distinction, she believed, which produced his contemptuous treatment of every
body, and his general abuse of every thing before him. It was the desire of
appearing superior to other people. The motive was too common to be wondered
Thesaurus
blunder: (n, v) mistake, stumble, slip, admiring. disrespect, haughtiness, crust.
botch; (adj, n) fault; (n) error, gaffe, good-natured: (adj) kindly, friendly, ANTONYMS: (n) respect, politeness,
trip; (v) fail, fumble; (adj, n, v) miss. kind, obliging, gracious, kind- meekness, shyness.
ANTONYMS: (v) succeed, correct, hearted, genial, good, bland, sweet, soured: (adj) rancid, sore,
accomplish, achieve; (n) achievement. good-tempered. disenchanted. ANTONYM: (adj)
contemptuous: (adj) scornful, ill-bred: (adj) boorish, discourteous, unsoured.
disdainful, insulting, arrogant, impertinent, graceless, gruff, unaffectedly: (adv) artlessly,
proud, haughty, derisive, cynical, uncouth, uncivil, ill-mannered, untouchedly, sincerely, genuinely,
sarcastic, disrespectful; (adj, v) crude, inurbane, indelicate. unsophisticatedly, impassively,
supercilious. ANTONYMS: (adj) insolence: (n) impertinence, naively, spontaneously, unfeignedly,
approving, complimentary, arrogance, audacity, impudence, plainly, simplely. ANTONYM: (adv)
deferential, humble, polite, respected, effrontery, cheek, assumption, gall, pretentiously.
118 Sense and Sensibility

at; but the means, however they might succeed by establishing his superiority in
ill-breeding, were not likely to attach any one to him except his wife.%
"Oh, my dear Miss Dashwood," said Mrs. Palmer soon afterwards, "I have got
such a favour to ask of you and your sister. Will you come and spend some time
at Cleveland this Christmas? Now, pray do,--and come while the Westons are
with us. You cannot think how happy I shall be! It will be quite delightful!--My
love," applying to her husband, "don't you long to have the Miss Dashwoods
come to Cleveland?"
"Certainly," he replied, with a sneer--"I came into Devonshire with no other
view."
"There now,"--said his lady, "you see Mr. Palmer expects you; so you cannot
refuse to come."
They both eagerly and resolutely declined her invitation.
"But indeed you must and shall come. I am sure you will like it of all things.
The Westons will be with us, and it will be quite delightful. You cannot think
what a sweet place Cleveland is; and we are so gay now, for Mr. Palmer is
always going about the country canvassing against the election; and so many
people came to dine with us that I never saw before, it is quite charming! But,
poor fellow! it is very fatiguing to him! for he is forced to make every body like
him."
Elinor could hardly keep her countenance as she assented to the hardship of
such an obligation.
"How charming it will be," said Charlotte, "when he is in Parliament!--won't
it? How I shall laugh! It will be so ridiculous to see all his letters directed to him
with an M.P.--But do you know, he says, he will never frank for me? He declares
he won't. Don't you, Mr. Palmer?"
Mr. Palmer took no notice of her.
"He cannot bear writing, you know," she continued-- "he says it is quite
shocking."

applying: (adj) applicatory,
applicative.
attach: (v) append, adhere, add, affix,
bind, link, associate, assign, nail,
apply, annex. ANTONYMS: (v) undo,
separate, unfasten, disconnect, free,
deflect, dissociate, loosen, quit, take,
unscrew.
canvassing: (n) canvass, campaigning,
whistle-stop tour, electioneering,
candidacy, ambition, candidature.
declined: (adj) less.
Thesaurus
fatiguing: (adj) arduous, tiresome,
tedious, hard, laborious, wearisome,
wearing, strenuous, exhausting,
trying, onerous.
hardship: (n) adversity, calamity,
affliction, trouble, difficulty, disaster,
deprivation, asperity, destitution; (n,
v) grievance, burden. ANTONYMS:
(n) privilege, ease, prosperity, wealth,
luxury, advantage, opportunity.
resolutely: (adv) determinedly,
decidedly, steadfastly, decisively,
unfalteringly, boldly, steadily,
stubbornly, definitely, resolvedly,
unwaveringly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
irresolutely, indecisively, uncertainly,
feebly, hesitantly, aimlessly.
superiority: (n) predominance,
priority, excellence, mastery,
precedence, preference, distinction,
supremacy, domination, eminence;
(adj, n) odds. ANTONYMS: (n)
humility, weakness, friendliness,
mediocrity, simplicity.
 Jane Austen 119

"No," said he, "I never said any thing so irrational. Don't palm all your
abuses of languages upon me."
"There now; you see how droll he is. This is always the way with him!
Sometimes he won't speak to me for half a day together, and then he comes out
with something so droll--all about any thing in the world."
She surprised Elinor very much as they returned into the drawing-room, by
asking her whether she did not like Mr. Palmer excessively.%
"Certainly," said Elinor; "he seems very agreeable."
"Well--I am so glad you do. I thought you would, he is so pleasant; and Mr.
Palmer is excessively pleased with you and your sisters I can tell you, and you
can't think how disappointed he will be if you don't come to Cleveland.--I can't
imagine why you should object to it."
Elinor was again obliged to decline her invitation; and by changing the
subject, put a stop to her entreaties. She thought it probable that as they lived in
the same county, Mrs. Palmer might be able to give some more particular
account of Willoughby's general character, than could be gathered from the
Middletons' partial acquaintance with him; and she was eager to gain from any
one, such a confirmation of his merits as might remove the possibility of fear
from Marianne. She began by inquiring if they saw much of Mr. Willoughby at
Cleveland, and whether they were intimately acquainted with him.
"Oh dear, yes; I know him extremely well," replied Mrs. Palmer;--"Not that I
ever spoke to him, indeed; but I have seen him for ever in town. Somehow or
other I never happened to be staying at Barton while he was at Allenham. Mama
saw him here once before;-- but I was with my uncle at Weymouth. However, I
dare say we should have seen a great deal of him in Somersetshire, if it had not
happened very unluckily that we should never have been in the country
together. He is very little at Combe, I believe; but if he were ever so much there,
I do not think Mr. Palmer would visit him, for he is in the opposition, you know,
and besides it is such a way off. I know why you inquire about him, very well;

Thesaurus
inquire: (v) demand, ask, explore, privately, narrowly, thoroughly, worthwhile, systematic.
enquire, inspect, research, consult, near, well, thickly. ANTONYM: (adv) merits: (n) qualities.
pry, request, wonder; (n, v) question. superficially. palm: (n) medal, decoration, prize,
ANTONYM: (v) answer. invitation: (n) call, bidding, palm tree, victory, thenar, laurel
inquiring: (adj) inquisitive, quizzical, temptation, lure, asking, request, wreath; (v) filch, cabbage, rob; (adj)
interested, analytical, probing, attraction, enticement; (v) invite, totipalmate.
intrusive; (adj, n) questioning; (v) solicitation; (n, v) supplication. unluckily: (adv) unfortunately,
inquire; (n) enquiry, question, irrational: (adj) absurd, inconsistent, inauspiciously, lucklessly, unhappily,
examination. ANTONYM: (adj) silly, unreasonable, blind, illogical, untowardly, unsuccessfully, alas,
uninquiring. senseless, preposterous, imprudent, regrettably, ill-fatedly, tragically,
intimately: (adv) nearly, familiarly, unsound, thoughtless. ANTONYMS: haplessly. ANTONYM: (adv) luckily.
personally, secretly, internally, (adj) logical, lucid, wise, sensible,
120 Sense and Sensibility

your sister is to marry him. I am monstrous glad of it, for then I shall have her
for a neighbour you know."%
"Upon my word," replied Elinor, "you know much more of the matter than I
do, if you have any reason to expect such a match."
"Don't pretend to deny it, because you know it is what every body talks of. I
assure you I heard of it in my way through town."
"My dear Mrs. Palmer!"
"Upon my honour I did.--I met Colonel Brandon Monday morning in Bond-
street, just before we left town, and he told me of it directly."
"You surprise me very much. Colonel Brandon tell you of it! Surely you
must be mistaken. To give such intelligence to a person who could not be
interested in it, even if it were true, is not what I should expect Colonel Brandon
to do."
"But I do assure you it was so, for all that, and I will tell you how it
happened. When we met him, he turned back and walked with us; and so we
began talking of my brother and sister, and one thing and another, and I said to
him, 'So, Colonel, there is a new family come to Barton cottage, I hear, and mama
sends me word they are very pretty, and that one of them is going to be married
to Mr. Willoughby of Combe Magna. Is it true, pray? for of course you must
know, as you have been in Devonshire so lately.'"
"And what did the Colonel say?"
"Oh--he did not say much; but he looked as if he knew it to be true, so from
that moment I set it down as certain. It will be quite delightful, I declare! When
is it to take place?"
"Mr. Brandon was very well I hope?"
"Oh! yes, quite well; and so full of your praises, he did nothing but say fine
things of you."
"I am flattered by his commendation. He seems an excellent man; and I think
him uncommonly pleasing."

assure: (n, v) certify, warrant, vouch;
(v) secure, persuade, satisfy, reassure,
affirm, promise, ascertain; (adj, v)
ensure. ANTONYMS: (v) alarm,
disclaim, deny, disbelieve,
undermine.
deny: (v) controvert, rebuff, contradict,
disavow, gainsay, reject, oppose,
refuse, disown, abnegate, renounce.
ANTONYMS: (v) affirm, claim,
acknowledge, declare, maintain,
agree, spoil, accept, accede, allow,
Thesaurus
argue.
flattered: (adj) pleased.
mistaken: (adj) wrong, erroneous,
false, misguided, inaccurate,
fallacious, untrue, misleading,
confused, improper, error.
ANTONYMS: (adj) accurate, wise,
right.
neighbour: (adj) neighboring,
neighbouring, neighborly, adjacent,
contiguous; (v) abut, populate,
adjoin, butt on, butt against; (n)
neighbourhood.
pray: (v) beg, implore, entreat, crave,
invite, plead, beseech, appeal,
importune, adjure, invoke.
ANTONYM: (v) reject.
pretend: (adv, v) assume; (adj, v) sham,
counterfeit, fake, play; (v)
dissimulate, dissemble, make believe,
imagine, affect, act. ANTONYMS:
(adj, v) real; (adj) genuine, natural,
sincere.
 Jane Austen 121

"So do I.--He is such a charming man, that it is quite a pity he should be so

grave and so dull. Mamma says he was in love with your sister too.-- I assure you
it was a great compliment if he was, for he hardly ever falls in love with any
body."
"Is Mr. Willoughby much known in your part of Somersetshire?" said Elinor.%
"Oh! yes, extremely well; that is, I do not believe many people are acquainted
with him, because Combe Magna is so far off; but they all think him extremely
agreeable I assure you. Nobody is more liked than Mr. Willoughby wherever he
goes, and so you may tell your sister. She is a monstrous lucky girl to get him,
upon my honour; not but that he is much more lucky in getting her, because she
is so very handsome and agreeable, that nothing can be good enough for her.
However, I don't think her hardly at all handsomer than you, I assure you; for I
think you both excessively pretty, and so does Mr. Palmer too I am sure, though
we could not get him to own it last night."
Mrs. Palmer's information respecting Willoughby was not very material; but
any testimony in his favour, however small, was pleasing to her.
"I am so glad we are got acquainted at last," continued Charlotte.--"And now
I hope we shall always be great friends. You can't think how much I longed to
see you! It is so delightful that you should live at the cottage! Nothing can be like
it, to be sure! And I am so glad your sister is going to be well married! I hope
you will be a great deal at Combe Magna. It is a sweet place, by all accounts."
"You have been long acquainted with Colonel Brandon, have not you?"
"Yes, a great while; ever since my sister married.-- He was a particular friend
of Sir John's. I believe," she added in a low voice, "he would have been very glad
to have had me, if he could. Sir John and Lady Middleton wished it very much.
But mama did not think the match good enough for me, otherwise Sir John
would have mentioned it to the Colonel, and we should have been married
immediately."
"Did not Colonel Brandon know of Sir John's proposal to your mother before
it was made? Had he never owned his affection to yourself?"

Thesaurus
charming: (adj) beautiful, lovely, criticism, reproach, disparagement; slight, nonchalant, trivial, stable,
captivating, winning, attractive, (n, v) slander, libel; (v) criticize, minor, insignificant, favorable.
enchanting, delightful, pleasing, nice, denounce, disparage, denigrate, handsome: (adj) fair, beautiful, fine,
magic, cute. ANTONYMS: (adj) complain, belittle. generous, charming, comely,
repellent, unpleasant, unappealing, falls: (n) cataract, waterfall, chute, attractive, bountiful, considerable,
repulsive, charmless, disgusting, angel, torrent, Victoria, twin, force, bonny, prepossessing. ANTONYMS:
gross, irritating, offensive, body of water, Guaira, Niagara. (adj) ugly, unattractive, meager,
uninteresting, annoying. grave: (adj) solemn, serious, critical, ungenerous, measly, plain.
compliment: (n, v) praise, honor; (v) earnest, dangerous, sedate, sad, testimony: (n, v) attestation, witness;
laud, flattery, applaud, greet, grand; (adj, v) severe, acute; (v) (n) declaration, proof, evidence,
adulation, congratulate, belaud; (n) engrave. ANTONYMS: (adj) testimonial, confirmation, statement,
eulogy, tribute. ANTONYMS: (n) frivolous, funny, cheerful, carefree, affidavit, affirmation, profession.
122 Sense and Sensibility

"Oh, no; but if mama had not objected to it, I dare say he would have liked it
of all things. He had not seen me then above twice, for it was before I left
school. However, I am much happier as I am. Mr. Palmer is the kind of man I
like."%

above: (adv, prep) beyond, aloft, on, in
excess of; (adv) up, supra, on top; (adj)
preceding, former; (adj, prep) past;
(prep) surpassing. ANTONYMS:
(prep) beneath, under, deficient,
underneath; (adj) inferior, following.
kind: (n) sort, form, class, variety,
breed; (adj, n) helpful, good, humane,
friendly, gentle; (adj) generous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unkind, cruel,
hardhearted, mean, merciless, nasty,
spiteful, uncaring, upsetting, callous,
Thesaurus
disagreeable. accomplished, discovered, appearing;
left: (adj) gone, absent, port, odd, (v) observe, perceive, conceive,
remaining, larboard, gauche, sinister; comprehend, understand.
(n) left hand, left wing, mitt. things: (n) gear, belongings,
ANTONYMS: (adj, adv, n) right; (adj) equipment, garb, garment, clothes,
remaining, center, starboard, present. paraphernalia, goods, life, property,
liked: (adj) popular, loved, favorite, palliament.
preferred. ANTONYM: (adj) disliked. twice: (adv) doubly, bis, two times, in
school: (v) educate, instruct, train, two ways, once more; (adj) twenty.
coach; (n) class, sect, shoal, college,
herd, training, teaching.
seen: (adj) visible, clad, beseen,
 Jane Austen 123

CHAPTER 21

The Palmers returned to Cleveland the next day, and the two families at
Barton were again left to entertain each other. But this did not last long; Elinor
had hardly got their last visitors out of her head, had hardly done wondering at
Charlotte's being so happy without a cause, at Mr. Palmer's acting so simply,
with good abilities, and at the strange unsuitableness which often existed
between husband and wife, before Sir John's and Mrs. Jennings's active zeal in
the cause of society, procured her some other new acquaintance to see and
observe.%
In a morning's excursion to Exeter, they had met with two young ladies,
whom Mrs. Jennings had the satisfaction of discovering to be her relations, and
this was enough for Sir John to invite them directly to the park, as soon as their
present engagements at Exeter were over. Their engagements at Exeter instantly
gave way before such an invitation, and Lady Middleton was thrown into no
little alarm on the return of Sir John, by hearing that she was very soon to receive
a visit from two girls whom she had never seen in her life, and of whose
elegance,-- whose tolerable gentility even, she could have no proof; for the
assurances of her husband and mother on that subject went for nothing at all.
Their being her relations too made it so much the worse; and Mrs. Jennings's
attempts at consolation were therefore unfortunately founded, when she advised
her daughter not to care about their being so fashionable; because they were all

Thesaurus
attempts: (adj) trying. styleless, dated, out, outmoded, unsuitableness: (n) unsuitability,
discovering: (adj) observant, oracular. tacky, inclusive, old, plain. unfitness, ineptness, ineptitude,
entertain: (v) amuse, delight, bear, gentility: (n) elegance, cultivation, awkwardness, inconsistency,
cherish, beguile, admit, politeness, decorum, genteelness, unaptness, unadaptedness, slowness,
accommodate, harbor, hold, distract; breeding, courtesy, nobility, quality, inadaptation.
(n, v) interest. ANTONYMS: (v) aristocracy, propriety; (adj) urbanity. wondering: (adj) inquisitive,
disregard, ignore, banish, forget, tire, ANTONYMS: (n) vulgarity, speculative, suspicious.
displease. rudeness. zeal: (adj, n) eagerness; (n) fervor,
fashionable: (adj) popular, current, invite: (v) tempt, allure, bid, call, enthusiasm, devotion, passion,
classy, trendy, chic, up to date, entice, ask, summon, attract, receive, vehemence, fire, fervency, heat,
stylish, dressy, modern, swanky, solicit; (n) invitation. ANTONYMS: fervour, ardour. ANTONYMS: (n)
swell. ANTONYMS: (adj) unpopular, (v) elect, repel. apathy, lethargy, patience.
124 Sense and Sensibility

cousins and must put up with one another. As it was impossible, however, now
to prevent their coming, Lady Middleton resigned herself to the idea of it, with
all the philosophy of a well-bred woman, contenting herself with merely giving
her husband a gentle reprimand on the subject five or six times every day.%
The young ladies arrived: their appearance was by no means ungenteel or
unfashionable. Their dress was very smart, their manners very civil, they were
delighted with the house, and in raptures with the furniture, and they happened
to be so doatingly fond of children that Lady Middleton's good opinion was
engaged in their favour before they had been an hour at the Park. She declared
them to be very agreeable girls indeed, which for her ladyship was enthusiastic
admiration. Sir John's confidence in his own judgment rose with this animated
praise, and he set off directly for the cottage to tell the Miss Dashwoods of the
Miss Steeles' arrival, and to assure them of their being the sweetest girls in the
world. From such commendation as this, however, there was not much to be
learned; Elinor well knew that the sweetest girls in the world were to be met with
in every part of England, under every possible variation of form, face, temper
and understanding. Sir John wanted the whole family to walk to the Park
directly and look at his guests. Benevolent, philanthropic man! It was painful to
him even to keep a third cousin to himself.
"Do come now," said he--"pray come--you must come--I declare you shall
come--You can't think how you will like them. Lucy is monstrous pretty, and so
good humoured and agreeable! The children are all hanging about her already,
as if she was an old acquaintance. And they both long to see you of all things, for
they have heard at Exeter that you are the most beautiful creatures in the world;
and I have told them it is all very true, and a great deal more. You will be
delighted with them I am sure. They have brought the whole coach full of
playthings for the children. How can you be so cross as not to come? Why they
are your cousins, you know, after a fashion. you are my cousins, and they are my
wife's, so you must be related."
But Sir John could not prevail. He could only obtain a promise of their
calling at the Park within a day or two, and then left them in amazement at their

Thesaurus
cousin: (n) nephew, cousins, friend, vanquish; (adj) preponderate. modify, season, qualify.
cousinship, relation, akin, relative, ANTONYM: (v) lose. ANTONYMS: (n, v) upset; (v) soften,
full cousin, companion. reprimand: (n, v) censure, reproach, agitate, excite, flex, bend, increase; (n)
philanthropic: (adj) benevolent, lecture, blame, reproof; (v) chide, composure, happiness, wrath,
charitable, humanitarian, humane, castigate, chastise; (n) chastisement, equanimity.
kind, eleemosynary, generous, admonition, castigation. unfashionable: (adj) dowdy, unstylish,
beneficent, kindly, munificent, good. ANTONYMS: (v) commend, behind the times, old, out of fashion,
ANTONYMS: (adj) selfish, miserly, approve; (n) commendation, outdated, old-fashioned, antiquated,
nasty, mean. compliment, approval, reward. out, styleless, unconventional.
prevail: (n, v) triumph, control, temper: (adj, v) moderate, soften, ANTONYMS: (adj) in, trendy, fresh.
govern; (v) dominate, overcome, mitigate, harden; (n) character, ungenteel: (adj) uncouth, unpolished,
outweigh, obtain, persist, carry, disposition, humor, nature; (v) discourteous.
 Jane Austen 125

indifference, to walk home and boast anew of their attractions to the Miss Steeles,
as he had been already boasting of the Miss Steeles to them.%
When their promised visit to the Park and consequent introduction to these
young ladies took place, they found in the appearance of the eldest, who was
nearly thirty, with a very plain and not a sensible face, nothing to admire; but in
the other, who was not more than two or three and twenty, they acknowledged
considerable beauty; her features were pretty, and she had a sharp quick eye,
and a smartness of air, which though it did not give actual elegance or grace,
gave distinction to her person.-- Their manners were particularly civil, and Elinor
soon allowed them credit for some kind of sense, when she saw with what
constant and judicious attention they were making themselves agreeable to Lady
Middleton. With her children they were in continual raptures, extolling their
beauty, courting their notice, and humouring their whims; and such of their time
as could be spared from the importunate demands which this politeness made
on it, was spent in admiration of whatever her ladyship was doing, if she
happened to be doing any thing, or in taking patterns of some elegant new dress,
in which her appearance the day before had thrown them into unceasing delight.
Fortunately for those who pay their court through such foibles, a fond mother,
though, in pursuit of praise for her children, the most rapacious of human
beings, is likewise the most credulous; her demands are exorbitant; but she will
swallow any thing; and the excessive affection and endurance of the Miss Steeles
towards her offspring were viewed therefore by Lady Middleton without the
smallest surprise or distrust. She saw with maternal complacency all the
impertinent encroachments and mischievous tricks to which her cousins
submitted. She saw their sashes untied, their hair pulled about their ears, their
work-bags searched, and their knives and scissors stolen away, and felt no doubt
of its being a reciprocal enjoyment. It suggested no other surprise than that
Elinor and Marianne should sit so composedly by, without claiming a share in
what was passing.
"John is in such spirits today!" said she, on his taking Miss Steeles's pocket
handkerchief, and throwing it out of window--"He is full of monkey tricks."

composedly: (adv) serenely, calmly,
quietly, placidly, coolly, sedately,
steadily, soberly, unperturbedly,
staidly, relaxedly. ANTONYM: (adv)
nervously.
credulous: (adj) gullible, unsuspecting,
simple, unsuspicious, unquestioning,
green, trusting, unwary, innocent,
believing, illogical. ANTONYMS:
(adj) suspicious, wary, disbelieving,
suspecting, skeptical, cynical,
untrusting, shrewd, rational, smart,
Thesaurus
mistrustful.
importunate: (adj) annoying, exigent,
pressing, insistent, bothersome,
pestiferous, pestilent, instant,
obdurate, demanding, pleading.
ANTONYM: (adj) feeble.
rapacious: (adj) avid, voracious,
predatory, edacious, acquisitive,
ravenous, gluttonous, ferocious,
raptorial; (adj, v) covetous, avaricious.
smartness: (n) cleverness, style,
stylishness, brightness, intelligence,
clever, elegance, quickness, swank,
banter, jauntiness. ANTONYMS: (n)
messiness, stupidity, untidiness.
unceasing: (adj) ceaseless, incessant,
perpetual, continuous, constant,
continual, everlasting, eternal,
lasting, uninterrupted, endless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) acute,
intermittent, sporadic.
whims: (n) vagaries, freaks, humor, ill
humor, mood, facetiousness,
caprices, disposition, temper.
126 Sense and Sensibility

And soon afterwards, on the second boy's violently pinching one of the same
lady's fingers, she fondly observed, "How playful William is!"
"And here is my sweet little Annamaria," she added, tenderly caressing a
little girl of three years old, who had not made a noise for the last two minutes;
"And she is always so gentle and quiet--Never was there such a quiet little
thing!"
But unfortunately in bestowing these embraces, a pin in her ladyship's head
dress slightly scratching the child's neck, produced from this pattern of
gentleness such violent screams, as could hardly be outdone by any creature
professedly noisy. The mother's consternation was excessive; but it could not
surpass the alarm of the Miss Steeles, and every thing was done by all three, in
so critical an emergency, which affection could suggest as likely to assuage the
agonies of the little sufferer. She was seated in her mother's lap, covered with
kisses, her wound bathed with lavender-water, by one of the Miss Steeles, who
was on her knees to attend her, and her mouth stuffed with sugar plums by the
other. With such a reward for her tears, the child was too wise to cease crying.
She still screamed and sobbed lustily, kicked her two brothers for offering to
touch her, and all their united soothings were ineffectual till Lady Middleton
luckily remembering that in a scene of similar distress last week, some apricot
marmalade had been successfully applied for a bruised temple, the same remedy
was eagerly proposed for this unfortunate scratch, and a slight intermission of
screams in the young lady on hearing it, gave them reason to hope that it would
not be rejected.-- She was carried out of the room therefore in her mother's arms,
in quest of this medicine, and as the two boys chose to follow, though earnestly
entreated by their mother to stay behind, the four young ladies were left in a
quietness which the room had not known for many hours.%
"Poor little creatures!" said Miss Steele, as soon as they were gone. "It might
have been a very sad accident."
"Yet I hardly know how," cried Marianne, "unless it had been under totally
different circumstances. But this is the usual way of heightening alarm, where
there is nothing to be alarmed at in reality."

assuage: (n, v) alleviate, appease, ease,
solace; (v) calm, abate, mitigate,
relieve, temper, soften; (adj, v) pacify.
ANTONYMS: (v) aggravate, upset,
accentuate, exacerbate.
bathed: (adj) sweaty.
caressing: (adj) caressive, soft; (n)
petting, foreplay, stimulation,
dalliance, smooching, snuggling,
arousal, hugging, cuddling.
carried: (adj) conveyed, imported.
knees: (n) knee.
Thesaurus
lustily: (adv) stoutly, energetically,
robustly, powerfully, vigorously,
mightily, halely, strappingly,
potently, sturdily, heartily.
marmalade: (n) licorice, conserve,
plum, sweetmeat, jelly, preserve,
preserves, lollipop, jujube, orange
marmalade, conserves.
outdone: (adj) beaten, vanquished,
worsted, defeated; (v) outdo.
pinching: (adj) biting, niggardly, fresh, ANTONYMS: (v) fail, lose, follow,
piercing, cutting, inclement, keen,
bitter, niveous, bleak; (adv)
pinchingly.
professedly: (adv) apparently,
ostensibly, declaredly, outwardly,
allegedly, supposedly, pretendedly,
admittedly, as acknowledged,
evidently, confessedly.
surpass: (v) beat, outdo, exceed,
surmount, better, excel, outstrip,
overcome, overrun, best, go beyond.
trail.
 Jane Austen 127

"What a sweet woman Lady Middleton is!" said Lucy Steele.%

Marianne was silent; it was impossible for her to say what she did not feel,
however trivial the occasion; and upon Elinor therefore the whole task of telling
lies when politeness required it, always fell. She did her best when thus called
on, by speaking of Lady Middleton with more warmth than she felt, though with
far less than Miss Lucy.
"And Sir John too," cried the elder sister, "what a charming man he is!"
Here too, Miss Dashwood's commendation, being only simple and just, came
in without any eclat. She merely observed that he was perfectly good humoured
and friendly.
"And what a charming little family they have! I never saw such fine children
in my life.--I declare I quite doat upon them already, and indeed I am always
distractedly fond of children."
"I should guess so," said Elinor, with a smile, "from what I have witnessed
this morning."
"I have a notion," said Lucy, "you think the little Middletons rather too much
indulged; perhaps they may be the outside of enough; but it is so natural in Lady
Middleton; and for my part, I love to see children full of life and spirits; I cannot
bear them if they are tame and quiet."
"I confess," replied Elinor, "that while I am at Barton Park, I never think of
tame and quiet children with any abhorrence."
A short pause succeeded this speech, which was first broken by Miss Steele,
who seemed very much disposed for conversation, and who now said rather
abruptly, "And how do you like Devonshire, Miss Dashwood? I suppose you
were very sorry to leave Sussex."
In some surprise at the familiarity of this question, or at least of the manner in
which it was spoken, Elinor replied that she was.
"Norland is a prodigious beautiful place, is not it?" added Miss Steele.

Thesaurus
abruptly: (adv) precipitously, rudely, wildly, forgetfully, absentmindedly, moderate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
brusquely, curtly, gruffly, shortly, inattentively, vaguely, confusedly, exciting, bright, unmanageable,
sharply, bluntly, hastily, preoccupiedly. ANTONYM: (adv) interesting, untamed, inspiring,
unexpectedly, steeply. ANTONYMS: calmly. brilliant, colorful, rebellious, lively.
(adv) gradually, civilly, attentively, eclat: (n) acclamation, celebrity, trivial: (adj) trifling, frivolous, little,
kindly, politely, verbosely, brilliance, elegance, grandness, small, commonplace, superficial,
eventually, pleasantly, slowly, vogue, magnificence; (v) petty, paltry, inconsiderable,
indirectly. commendation, praise, laud; (n, v) piddling, slight. ANTONYMS: (adj)
called: (adj) named, titled, chosen, acclaim. important, vital, major, urgent,
known as; (v) nempt, ycleped. tame: (v) break, subdue, soften, profound, crucial, consequential,
distractedly: (adj, adv) madly; (adv) domesticate; (adj) meek, docile, considerable, enormous, mature,
distraughtly, frantically, frenziedly, bland, domestic, gentle, slow; (adj, v) serious.
128 Sense and Sensibility

"We have heard Sir John admire it excessively," said Lucy, who seemed to
think some apology necessary for the freedom of her sister.%
"I think every one must admire it," replied Elinor, "who ever saw the place;
though it is not to be supposed that any one can estimate its beauties as we do."
"And had you a great many smart beaux there? I suppose you have not so
many in this part of the world; for my part, I think they are a vast addition
always."
"But why should you think," said Lucy, looking ashamed of her sister, "that
there are not as many genteel young men in Devonshire as Sussex?"
"Nay, my dear, I'm sure I don't pretend to say that there an't. I'm sure there's
a vast many smart beaux in Exeter; but you know, how could I tell what smart
beaux there might be about Norland; and I was only afraid the Miss Dashwoods
might find it dull at Barton, if they had not so many as they used to have. But
perhaps you young ladies may not care about the beaux, and had as lief be
without them as with them. For my part, I think they are vastly agreeable,
provided they dress smart and behave civil. But I can't bear to see them dirty
and nasty. Now there's Mr. Rose at Exeter, a prodigious smart young man, quite
a beau, clerk to Mr. Simpson, you know, and yet if you do but meet him of a
morning, he is not fit to be seen.-- I suppose your brother was quite a beau, Miss
Dashwood, before he married, as he was so rich?"
"Upon my word," replied Elinor, "I cannot tell you, for I do not perfectly
comprehend the meaning of the word. But this I can say, that if he ever was a
beau before he married, he is one still for there is not the smallest alteration in
him."
"Oh! dear! one never thinks of married men's being beaux--they have
something else to do."
"Lord! Anne," cried her sister, "you can talk of nothing but beaux;--you will
make Miss Dashwood believe you think of nothing else." And then to turn the
discourse, she began admiring the house and the furniture.

apology: (n, v) excuse; (n) amends,
regret, defense, justification, reason,
explanation, vindication, alibi,
acknowledgment; (v) apologize.
ANTONYMS: (n) blame,
reprehension, accusation,
shamelessness, epitome.
ashamed: (adj) hangdog, guilty,
embarrassed, sheepish, remorseful,
regretful, bashful, disconcerted,
contrite, chagrined; (v) dashed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) proud, arrogant,
Thesaurus
unremorseful, unashamed, pleased, assistant, salesclerk, employee,
blatant, bold, happy, unabashed, accountant, recorder; (v) scrivener,
unrepentant. scribe.
beau: (adj, n) admirer, lover, follower; lief: (adj, v) leef; (adv) fain, willingly;
(n) swain, fop, dude, coxcomb, (adj) glad, acceptable.
boyfriend, chap, love, dandy. simpson: (n) Wallis Warfield Simpson,
behave: (n, v) conduct, exercise; (v) duchess of Windsor, Wallis Warfield
bear, deal, deport, operate, perform, Windsor.
acquit, walk, react, go. ANTONYMS: vastly: (adv) greatly, hugely,
(v) misdemean, malfunction. enormously, infinitely, extremely,
clerk: (n, v) writer, secretary, exceedingly, massively, very,
transcriber; (n) servant, shop tremendously, highly, colossally.
 Jane Austen 129

This specimen of the Miss Steeles was enough. The vulgar freedom and folly
of the eldest left her no recommendation, and as Elinor was not blinded by the
beauty, or the shrewd look of the youngest, to her want of real elegance and
artlessness, she left the house without any wish of knowing them better.%
Not so the Miss Steeles.--They came from Exeter, well provided with
admiration for the use of Sir John Middleton, his family, and all his relations, and
no niggardly proportion was now dealt out to his fair cousins, whom they
declared to be the most beautiful, elegant, accomplished, and agreeable girls they
had ever beheld, and with whom they were particularly anxious to be better
acquainted.-- And to be better acquainted therefore, Elinor soon found was their
inevitable lot, for as Sir John was entirely on the side of the Miss Steeles, their
party would be too strong for opposition, and that kind of intimacy must be
submitted to, which consists of sitting an hour or two together in the same room
almost every day. Sir John could do no more; but he did not know that any more
was required: to be together was, in his opinion, to be intimate, and while his
continual schemes for their meeting were effectual, he had not a doubt of their
being established friends.
To do him justice, he did every thing in his power to promote their unreserve,
by making the Miss Steeles acquainted with whatever he knew or supposed of
his cousins' situations in the most delicate particulars,--and Elinor had not seen
them more than twice, before the eldest of them wished her joy on her sister's
having been so lucky as to make a conquest of a very smart beau since she came
to Barton.
"'Twill be a fine thing to have her married so young to be sure," said she, "and
I hear he is quite a beau, and prodigious handsome. And I hope you may have
as good luck yourself soon,--but perhaps you may have a friend in the corner
already."
Elinor could not suppose that Sir John would be more nice in proclaiming his
suspicions of her regard for Edward, than he had been with respect to Marianne;
indeed it was rather his favourite joke of the two, as being somewhat newer and
more conjectural; and since Edward's visit, they had never dined together

artlessness: (n) simplicity, naivete,
naturalness, ingenuousness,
naiveness, naivety, unaffectedness,
spontaneity, lack of pretension,
rusticity, impulsiveness.
ANTONYMS: (n) artfulness,
sophistication, affectedness.
blinded: (adj) blindfolded, blinder,
blindly, reckless, unsighted,
blindfold, dizzy.
conjectural: (adj) hypothetical,
theoretical, academic, supposed,
Thesaurus
supposititious, putative, proclaiming: (adj) predicating,
suppositious, doubtful, reputed; (v) predicant, declaring, affirming,
speculative, supposable. oracular, hence.
ANTONYMS: (adj) proven, situations: (n) circumstance.
unquestionable, truthful, real, vulgar: (adj) rude, coarse, plebeian,
demonstrated, concrete, certain, nasty, common, foul, indecent, gross,
factual. unrefined; (adj, n) low, vile.
niggardly: (adj) mean, stingy, ANTONYMS: (adj) refined,
closefisted, parsimonious, grudging, sophisticated, tasteful, polite,
close, near, skimpy, miserable, aesthetic, muted, fashionable, decent,
penurious; (adj, v) avaricious. artistic, pleasant, clean.
ANTONYM: (adj) graceful.
130 Sense and Sensibility

without his drinking to her best affections with so much significancy and so
many nods and winks, as to excite general attention. The letter F-- had been
likewise invariably brought forward, and found productive of such countless
jokes, that its character as the wittiest letter in the alphabet had been long
established with Elinor.%
The Miss Steeles, as she expected, had now all the benefit of these jokes, and
in the eldest of them they raised a curiosity to know the name of the gentleman
alluded to, which, though often impertinently expressed, was perfectly of a
piece with her general inquisitiveness into the concerns of their family. But Sir
John did not sport long with the curiosity which he delighted to raise, for he had
at least as much pleasure in telling the name, as Miss Steele had in hearing it.
"His name is Ferrars," said he, in a very audible whisper; "but pray do not tell
it, for it's a great secret."
"Ferrars!" repeated Miss Steele; "Mr. Ferrars is the happy man, is he? What!
your sister-in-law's brother, Miss Dashwood? a very agreeable young man to be
sure; I know him very well."
"How can you say so, Anne?" cried Lucy, who generally made an amendment
to all her sister's assertions. "Though we have seen him once or twice at my
uncle's, it is rather too much to pretend to know him very well."
Elinor heard all this with attention and surprise. "And who was this uncle?
Where did he live? How came they acquainted?" She wished very much to have
the subject continued, though she did not chuse to join in it herself; but nothing
more of it was said, and for the first time in her life, she thought Mrs. Jennings
deficient either in curiosity after petty information, or in a disposition to
communicate it. The manner in which Miss Steele had spoken of Edward,
increased her curiosity; for it struck her as being rather ill-natured, and
suggested the suspicion of that lady's knowing, or fancying herself to know
something to his disadvantage.--But her curiosity was unavailing, for no farther
notice was taken of Mr. Ferrars's name by Miss Steele when alluded to, or even
openly mentioned by Sir John.

Thesaurus
alphabet: (n) rudiments, rudiment, myriad, measureless, uncounted, accuracy, elaboration, eagerness to
elements, grammar, ABC, legion, untold, infinite, incalculable. learn, carefulness.
fundamentals, basics, first rudiment, ANTONYMS: (adj) finite, limited, mentioned: (adj) spoken.
first principle, outlines, abecedary. numbered, counted, countable, small. significancy: (n) import, sense,
audible: (adj) plain, hearable, distinct, impertinently: (adv) insolently, purport, moment, meaning,
detectable, sounding, sharp, sonic, saucily, impolitely, cheekily, freshly, importance, consequence,
definite, discernible, perceptible, rudely, pertly, disrespectfully, understanding, intent.
sensory. ANTONYMS: (adj) offensively, discourteously, brazenly. unavailing: (adj) fruitless, bootless,
inaudible, unintelligible, ANTONYM: (adv) politely. useless, ineffectual, inefficacious,
undetectable, silent, faint. inquisitiveness: (n) curiosity, otiose, inutile, ineffective, idle, vain,
countless: (adj) innumerable, nosiness, prying, appetite for pointless.
multitudinous, many, endless, knowledge, foreignness, exactness,
 Jane Austen 131

CHAPTER 22

Marianne, who had never much toleration for any thing like impertinence,
vulgarity, inferiority of parts, or even difference of taste from herself, was at this
time particularly ill-disposed, from the state of her spirits, to be pleased with the
Miss Steeles, or to encourage their advances; and to the invariable coldness of
her behaviour towards them, which checked every endeavour at intimacy on
their side, Elinor principally attributed that preference of herself which soon
became evident in the manners of both, but especially of Lucy, who missed no
opportunity of engaging her in conversation, or of striving to improve their
acquaintance by an easy and frank communication of her sentiments.%
Lucy was naturally clever; her remarks were often just and amusing; and as a
companion for half an hour Elinor frequently found her agreeable; but her
powers had received no aid from education: she was ignorant and illiterate; and
her deficiency of all mental improvement, her want of information in the most
common particulars, could not be concealed from Miss Dashwood, in spite of her
constant endeavour to appear to advantage. Elinor saw, and pitied her for, the
neglect of abilities which education might have rendered so respectable; but she
saw, with less tenderness of feeling, the thorough want of delicacy, of rectitude,
and integrity of mind, which her attentions, her assiduities, her flatteries at the
Park betrayed; and she could have no lasting satisfaction in the company of a
person who joined insincerity with ignorance; whose want of instruction

advances: (v) access, approach.
assiduities: (n) diligence, attention.
illiterate: (adj) uneducated, rude,
unschooled, unlearned, untaught,
empty, green, letterless, uninstructed,
unread; (n) analphabetic.
ANTONYMS: (adj) educated,
economical.
insincerity: (n, v) duplicity; (n) falsity,
falseness, cant, dishonesty,
hollowness, dissimulation,
affectation, disingenuousness,
Thesaurus
faithlessness; (v) double dealing.
ANTONYMS: (n) sincerity,
genuineness.
rectitude: (adj, n) justice, honesty,
equity; (n) integrity, veracity, virtue,
uprightness, morality, purity,
propriety; (adj) fidelity.
ANTONYMS: (n) immorality,
incorrectness, wickedness.
striving: (n) nisus, pains, endeavor,
strife, try, strain, attempt, strive,
ambition, struggle, exertion.
ANTONYM: (adj) unmotivated.
toleration: (n) sufferance, endurance,
allowance, patience, moderation,
permission, indulgence, acceptance,
forbearance, suffering, self
acceptance.
vulgarity: (n) indecency, vulgarism,
grossness, inelegance, crudeness,
commonness, obscenity, rudeness,
crudity, boorishness, indelicacy.
ANTONYMS: (n) politeness, purity,
classiness, civility, taste, decency.
132 Sense and Sensibility

prevented their meeting in conversation on terms of equality, and whose

conduct toward others made every shew of attention and deference towards
herself perfectly valueless.%
"You will think my question an odd one, I dare say," said Lucy to her one
day, as they were walking together from the park to the cottage--"but pray, are
you personally acquainted with your sister-in-law's mother, Mrs. Ferrars?"
Elinor did think the question a very odd one, and her countenance expressed
it, as she answered that she had never seen Mrs. Ferrars.
"Indeed!" replied Lucy; "I wonder at that, for I thought you must have seen
her at Norland sometimes. Then, perhaps, you cannot tell me what sort of a
woman she is?"
"No," returned Elinor, cautious of giving her real opinion of Edward's
mother, and not very desirous of satisfying what seemed impertinent curiosity--
"I know nothing of her."
"I am sure you think me very strange, for enquiring about her in such a way,"
said Lucy, eyeing Elinor attentively as she spoke; "but perhaps there may be
reasons--I wish I might venture; but however I hope you will do me the justice of
believing that I do not mean to be impertinent."
Elinor made her a civil reply, and they walked on for a few minutes in
silence. It was broken by Lucy, who renewed the subject again by saying, with
some hesitation,
"I cannot bear to have you think me impertinently curious. I am sure I would
rather do any thing in the world than be thought so by a person whose good
opinion is so well worth having as yours. And I am sure I should not have the
smallest fear of trusting you; indeed, I should be very glad of your advice how to
manage in such and uncomfortable situation as I am; but, however, there is no
occasion to trouble you. I am sorry you do not happen to know Mrs. Ferrars."
"I am sorry I do not," said Elinor, in great astonishment, "if it could be of any
use to you to know my opinion of her. But really I never understood that you

cautious: (adj) guarded, conservative,
prudent, watchful, attentive,
reserved, shy, provident, judicious,
circumspect, chary. ANTONYMS:
(adj) rash, open, impulsive,
impetuous, careless, irresponsible,
wasteful, incautious, thoughtless,
imprudent, unwary.
deference: (n) homage, respect,
compliance, admiration, allegiance,
reverence, obedience, submission,
compliancy, duty, complaisance.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (n) contempt, light, frustrating, unwelcome,
opposition, rebellion, resistance, unflattering, insufficient,
disobedience. disagreeable.
enquiring: (v) inquire, enquire; (adv) trusting: (adj) credulous,
enquiringly. unsuspecting, naive, confident,
prevented: (adj) disallowed, barred, confiding, simple, innocent, gullible,
banned. ANTONYM: (adj) legitimate. reliant, give, easy to fool.
satisfying: (adj) satisfactory, pleasant, ANTONYMS: (adj) distrustful,
enjoyable, gratifying, pleasurable, suspicious, doubtful, hesitant,
welcome, good, comforting, hearty, protective, shrewd, disingenuous,
delightful, satisfy. ANTONYMS: (adj) smart, jaded.
unrewarding, disappointing, trying,
 Jane Austen 133

were at all connected with that family, and therefore I am a little surprised, I
confess, at so serious an inquiry into her character."
"I dare say you are, and I am sure I do not at all wonder at it. But if I dared
tell you all, you would not be so much surprised. Mrs. Ferrars is certainly
nothing to me at present--but the time may come--how soon it will come must
depend upon herself--when we may be very intimately connected."
She looked down as she said this, amiably bashful, with only one side glance
at her companion to observe its effect on her.%
"Good heavens!" cried Elinor, "what do you mean? Are you acquainted with
Mr. Robert Ferrars? Can you be?" And she did not feel much delighted with the
idea of such a sister-in-law.
"No," replied Lucy, "not to Mr. Robert Ferrars--I never saw him in my life;
but," fixing her eyes upon Elinor, "to his eldest brother."
What felt Elinor at that moment? Astonishment, that would have been as
painful as it was strong, had not an immediate disbelief of the assertion attended
it. She turned towards Lucy in silent amazement, unable to divine the reason or
object of such a declaration; and though her complexion varied, she stood firm in
incredulity, and felt in no danger of an hysterical fit, or a swoon.
"You may well be surprised," continued Lucy; "for to be sure you could have
had no idea of it before; for I dare say he never dropped the smallest hint of it to
you or any of your family; because it was always meant to be a great secret, and I
am sure has been faithfully kept so by me to this hour. Not a soul of all my
relations know of it but Anne, and I never should have mentioned it to you, if I
had not felt the greatest dependence in the world upon your secrecy; and I really
thought my behaviour in asking so many questions about Mrs. Ferrars must
seem so odd, that it ought to be explained. And I do not think Mr. Ferrars can be
displeased, when he knows I have trusted you, because I know he has the
highest opinion in the world of all your family, and looks upon yourself and the
other Miss Dashwoods quite as his own sisters."--She paused.

Thesaurus
amiably: (adv) kindly, affably, complexion: (n, v) tint; (n) cast, emasculation, castration, furniture,
graciously, decently, courteously, character, appearance, look, hue, fastener, fitting.
thoughtfully, cordially, lovelily, in a aspect, flush, glow, dye, fashion. incredulity: (n) doubt, unbelief,
friendly way, favorably, pleasantly. faithfully: (adv) exactly, accurately, skepticism, incredulousness, distrust,
ANTONYMS: (adv) unkindly, sincerely, staunchly, precisely, truly, wonder, surprise, suspicion,
disagreeably. authentically, dutifully, literally, suspiciousness, mistrust, scepticism.
bashful: (adj) timid, diffident, steadfastly, truely. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (n) faith,
ashamed, coy, backward, modest, (adv) unfaithfully, approximately, understanding, belief.
shy, retiring, shrinking, mousy, blate. falsely, insincerely, carelessly, swoon: (adj, n, v) faint; (adj, n)
ANTONYMS: (adj) confident, loud, inaccurately. collapse; (n) fainting, syncope,
unabashed, swaggering, forward, fixing: (n) fixation, fix, adjustment, prostration, deliquium; (v) conk,
brazen, brave, outgoing. repair, mending, altering, black out, pass out, die; (adj) puff.
134 Sense and Sensibility

Elinor for a few moments remained silent. Her astonishment at what she
heard was at first too great for words; but at length forcing herself to speak, and
to speak cautiously, she said, with calmness of manner, which tolerably well
concealed her surprise and solicitude-- "May I ask if your engagement is of long
standing?"
"We have been engaged these four years."
"Four years!"
"Yes."
Elinor, though greatly shocked, still felt unable to believe it.%
"I did not know," said she, "that you were even acquainted till the other day."
"Our acquaintance, however, is of many years date. He was under my uncle's
care, you know, a considerable while."
"Your uncle!"
"Yes; Mr. Pratt. Did you never hear him talk of Mr. Pratt?"
"I think I have," replied Elinor, with an exertion of spirits, which increased
with her increase of emotion.
"He was four years with my uncle, who lives at Longstaple, near Plymouth.
It was there our acquaintance begun, for my sister and me was often staying with
my uncle, and it was there our engagement was formed, though not till a year
after he had quitted as a pupil; but he was almost always with us afterwards. I
was very unwilling to enter into it, as you may imagine, without the knowledge
and approbation of his mother; but I was too young, and loved him too well, to
be so prudent as I ought to have been.-- Though you do not know him so well as
me, Miss Dashwood, you must have seen enough of him to be sensible he is very
capable of making a woman sincerely attached to him."
"Certainly," answered Elinor, without knowing what she said; but after a
moment's reflection, she added, with revived security of Edward's honour and
love, and her companion's falsehood--"Engaged to Mr. Edward Ferrars!--I
confess myself so totally surprised at what you tell me, that really--I beg your

Thesaurus
cautiously: (adv) guardedly, surreptitious. ANTONYMS: (adj) dishonestly, affectedly, flippantly,
prudently, warily, circumspectly, unconcealed, available, overt, open, jokingly, untruthfully,
charily, discreetly, vigilantly, timidly, divulged, Shown, revealed, unenthusiastically, pretentiously,
attentively, watchfully, sparingly. disclosed, uncovered, noticeable, mildly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) openly, mainstream. unwilling: (adj) involuntary, loath,
irresponsibly, imprudently, bravely, revived: (adj) fresh, refreshed, disinclined, averse, recalcitrant,
recklessly, incautiously, animated, revitalized, alive, backward, indisposed, grudging,
thoughtlessly, wastefully, tactlessly, invigorated, new. loth, adverse, forced. ANTONYMS:
rashly, liberally. sincerely: (adv) candidly, honestly, (adj) inclined, amenable, keen,
concealed: (adj) covert, clandestine, really, genuinely, heartily, openly, prepared, ready, eager, disposed,
blind, occult, secret, mysterious, earnestly, simply, truly, seriously, agreeable, accepting, happy.
obscure, buried, invisible, secreted, unreservedly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
 Jane Austen 135

pardon; but surely there must be some mistake of person or name. We cannot
mean the same Mr. Ferrars."
"We can mean no other," cried Lucy, smiling. "Mr. Edward Ferrars, the eldest
son of Mrs. Ferrars, of Park Street, and brother of your sister-in-law, Mrs. John
Dashwood, is the person I mean; you must allow that I am not likely to be
deceived as to the name of the man on who all my happiness depends."
"It is strange," replied Elinor, in a most painful perplexity, "that I should
never have heard him even mention your name."
"No; considering our situation, it was not strange. Our first care has been to
keep the matter secret.-- You knew nothing of me, or my family, and, therefore,
there could be no occasion for ever mentioning my name to you; and, as he was
always particularly afraid of his sister's suspecting any thing, that was reason
enough for his not mentioning it."
She was silent.--Elinor's security sunk; but her self-command did not sink
with it.%
"Four years you have been engaged," said she with a firm voice.
"Yes; and heaven knows how much longer we may have to wait. Poor
Edward! It puts him quite out of heart." Then taking a small miniature from her
pocket, she added, "To prevent the possibility of mistake, be so good as to look at
this face. It does not do him justice, to be sure, but yet I think you cannot be
deceived as to the person it was drew for.--I have had it above these three years."
She put it into her hands as she spoke; and when Elinor saw the painting,
whatever other doubts her fear of a too hasty decision, or her wish of detecting
falsehood might suffer to linger in her mind, she could have none of its being
Edward's face. She returned it almost instantly, acknowledging the likeness.
"I have never been able," continued Lucy, "to give him my picture in return,
which I am very much vexed at, for he has been always so anxious to get it! But I
am determined to set for it the very first opportunity."
"You are quite in the right," replied Elinor calmly. They then proceeded a few
paces in silence. Lucy spoke first.
Thesaurus
deceived: (adj) mistaken, misguided. speedy, hurried, quick. ANTONYMS: linger: (v) loiter, delay, dally, hover,
detecting: (n) spotting, investigation, (adj) deliberate, considered, leisurely, stay, hesitate, hang around,
catching, detective work, sleuthing, sensible, gradual, thorough, cautious, procrastinate, dawdle, tarry, saunter.
police investigation, hearing; (adj) careful, roundabout, prudent, ANTONYMS: (v) hurry, end, rush,
observant. patient. depart, lead.
falsehood: (n) fable, fabrication, likeness: (n) resemblance, copy, effigy, perplexity: (n) confusion, dilemma,
deception, untruth, lie, fib, fiction, image, affinity, similarity, bewilderment, maze, labyrinth,
invention, dishonesty; (adj, n) deceit, correspondence, facsimile; (adj, n) embarrassment, quandary,
falsity. ANTONYMS: (n) fact, figure, form, semblance. complication, enigma; (adj, n)
honesty, reality. ANTONYMS: (n) difference, difficulty, distress. ANTONYM: (n)
hasty: (adj) fast, abrupt, cursory, fleet, diversity, dissimilarity, unlikeness, understanding.
sudden, rash, impetuous, careless, contrast.
136 Sense and Sensibility

"I am sure," said she, "I have no doubt in the world of your faithfully keeping
this secret, because you must know of what importance it is to us, not to have it
reach his mother; for she would never approve of it, I dare say. I shall have no
fortune, and I fancy she is an exceeding proud woman."
"I certainly did not seek your confidence," said Elinor; "but you do me no
more than justice in imagining that I may be depended on. Your secret is safe
with me; but pardon me if I express some surprise at so unnecessary a
communication. You must at least have felt that my being acquainted with it
could not add to its safety."
As she said this, she looked earnestly at Lucy, hoping to discover something
in her countenance; perhaps the falsehood of the greatest part of what she had
been saying; but Lucy's countenance suffered no change.%
"I was afraid you would think I was taking a great liberty with you," said she,
"in telling you all this. I have not known you long to be sure, personally at least,
but I have known you and all your family by description a great while; and as
soon as I saw you, I felt almost as if you was an old acquaintance. Besides in the
present case, I really thought some explanation was due to you after my making
such particular inquiries about Edward's mother; and I am so unfortunate, that I
have not a creature whose advice I can ask. Anne is the only person that knows
of it, and she has no judgment at all; indeed, she does me a great deal more harm
than good, for I am in constant fear of her betraying me. She does not know how
to hold her tongue, as you must perceive, and I am sure I was in the greatest
fright in the world t'other day, when Edward's name was mentioned by Sir John,
lest she should out with it all. You can't think how much I go through in my
mind from it altogether. I only wonder that I am alive after what I have suffered
for Edward's sake these last four years. Every thing in such suspense and
uncertainty; and seeing him so seldom--we can hardly meet above twice a-year. I
am sure I wonder my heart is not quite broke."
Here she took out her handkerchief; but Elinor did not feel very
compassionate.

Thesaurus
betraying: (adj) treacherous, revealing, transcendent, extraordinary, imaginant.
Judas. exceptional, prodigious, surpassing, perceive: (v) comprehend, apprehend,
compassionate: (adj) merciful, Olympian; (v) exceed. discover, see, grasp, find, know,
clement, benevolent, kind, humane, fright: (n, v) dismay, alarm, scare, observe, sense, appreciate; (adj, v)
tender; (adj, v) pitiful; (v) pity; (adj, n) affright; (n) awe, fear, dread, terror, discern. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss,
gentle, sympathetic, caring. horror, consternation, apprehension. observe, ignore.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unfeeling, harsh, ANTONYMS: (n) calm, fearlessness, suspense: (n) doubt, expectancy,
severe, cruel, indifferent, mean, courage, confidence, security. anticipation, indecision, insecurity,
uncompassionate, nasty, merciless, hoping: (adj) desirous, expectant, unrest, expectation, irresolution,
uncaring, unhelpful. optimistic, eager. suspension, tension; (adj, n)
exceeding: (prep) beyond, more than, imagining: (n) conception, daydream, hesitation. ANTONYM: (n)
greater than; (adj) excessive, fantasy, opinion; (v) imagine; (adj) knowledge.
 Jane Austen 137

"Sometimes." continued Lucy, after wiping her eyes, "I think whether it
would not be better for us both to break off the matter entirely." As she said this,
she looked directly at her companion. "But then at other times I have not
resolution enough for it.-- I cannot bear the thoughts of making him so miserable,
as I know the very mention of such a thing would do. And on my own account
too--so dear as he is to me--I don't think I could be equal to it. What would you
advise me to do in such a case, Miss Dashwood? What would you do yourself?"
"Pardon me," replied Elinor, startled by the question; "but I can give you no
advice under such circumstances. Your own judgment must direct you."
"To be sure," continued Lucy, after a few minutes silence on both sides, "his
mother must provide for him sometime or other; but poor Edward is so cast
down by it! Did you not think him dreadful low-spirited when he was at Barton?
He was so miserable when he left us at Longstaple, to go to you, that I was afraid
you would think him quite ill."
"Did he come from your uncle's, then, when he visited us?"
"Oh, yes; he had been staying a fortnight with us. Did you think he came
directly from town?"
"No," replied Elinor, most feelingly sensible of every fresh circumstance in
favour of Lucy's veracity; "I remember he told us, that he had been staying a
fortnight with some friends near Plymouth." She remembered too, her own
surprise at the time, at his mentioning nothing farther of those friends, at his total
silence with respect even to their names.%
"Did not you think him sadly out of spirits?" repeated Lucy.
"We did, indeed, particularly so when he first arrived."
"I begged him to exert himself for fear you should suspect what was the
matter; but it made him so melancholy, not being able to stay more than a
fortnight with us, and seeing me so much affected.-- Poor fellow!--I am afraid it
is just the same with him now; for he writes in wretched spirits. I heard from
him just before I left Exeter;" taking a letter from her pocket and carelessly
showing the direction to Elinor. "You know his hand, I dare say, a charming one

carelessly: (adv) incautiously, hastily,
recklessly, heedlessly, casually,
sloppily, imprudently,
inconsiderately, rashly, negligently,
unwarily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
thoroughly, diligently, carefully,
warily, laboriously, thoughtfully,
attentively, daintily, methodically,
discreetly, economically.
feelingly: (adv) sensitively,
sympathetically, feeling, deeply.
low-spirited: (adj) downcast,
Thesaurus
depressed, melancholy, dejected,
despondent, downhearted, down in
the mouth, sad.
sometime: (adv) someday, once, one
day, formerly, sooner or later; (adj)
quondam, erstwhile, former, old, late;
(adj, adv) sometimes.
startled: (adj) dumbfounded,
dismayed, distressed, aghast,
frightened, astonished, amazed,
terrified, afraid, shocked, astounded.
veracity: (n) truth, accuracy, exactness,
truthfulness, fact, reality, precision;
(adj) probity; (adj, n) faithfulness,
sincerity, candor. ANTONYMS: (n)
mendacity, falsehood, falsity,
dishonesty.
wretched: (adj) unfortunate, pitiful,
sad, pitiable, woeful, pathetic,
piteous, lamentable; (adj, v) poor,
unhappy, forlorn. ANTONYMS: (adj)
fine, strong, fortunate, overjoyed,
nice, admirable, good, cheery, joyous,
lucky, comfortable.
138 Sense and Sensibility

it is; but that is not written so well as usual.--He was tired, I dare say, for he had
just filled the sheet to me as full as possible."
Elinor saw that it was his hand, and she could doubt no longer. This picture,
she had allowed herself to believe, might have been accidentally obtained; it
might not have been Edward's gift; but a correspondence between them by letter,
could subsist only under a positive engagement, could be authorised by nothing
else; for a few moments, she was almost overcome--her heart sunk within her,
and she could hardly stand; but exertion was indispensably necessary; and she
struggled so resolutely against the oppression of her feelings, that her success
was speedy, and for the time complete.%
"Writing to each other," said Lucy, returning the letter into her pocket, "is the
only comfort we have in such long separations. Yes, I have one other comfort in
his picture, but poor Edward has not even that. If he had but my picture, he says
he should be easy. I gave him a lock of my hair set in a ring when he was at
Longstaple last, and that was some comfort to him, he said, but not equal to a
picture. Perhaps you might notice the ring when you saw him?"
"I did," said Elinor, with a composure of voice, under which was concealed an
emotion and distress beyond any thing she had ever felt before. She was
mortified, shocked, confounded.
Fortunately for her, they had now reached the cottage, and the conversation
could be continued no farther. After sitting with them a few minutes, the Miss
Steeles returned to the Park, and Elinor was then at liberty to think and be
wretched.
[At this point in the first and second editions, Volume 1 ends.]

accidentally: (adv) incidentally,
casually, fortuitously, by chance,
coincidentally, adventitiously,
unintentionally, contingently,
haphazardly, occasionally,
inadvertently. ANTONYMS: (adv)
deliberately, knowingly, purposely,
unfortunately, correctly.
authorised: (adj) authorized,
empowered, licensed, accredited,
entitled, licenced, glorified, official,
commissioned.
Thesaurus
confounded: (adj) bemused, accursed,
execrable, baffled, cursed, befuddled,
confused, puzzled, aghast, perplexed;
(adj, v) abashed.
distress: (n, v) pain, torment, trouble,
concern, torture, upset, worry; (n)
anguish, agony; (adj, n) difficulty,
grief. ANTONYMS: (n, v) comfort; (v)
please, soothe, relieve; (n) peace,
encouragement, straightforwardness,
solace, relieving, relief, prosperity.
sheet: (n) board, leaf, paper, film, bed
sheet, canvas, coat, coating, cover,
plane, newspaper.
shocked: (adj) dismayed, aghast,
amazed, surprised, stunned,
distressed, afraid, speechless,
appalled, bewildered, dumbfounded.
ANTONYMS: (adj) delighted,
indifferent, unaffected.
subsist: (v) exist, be, survive, abide,
last, reside, live on, dwell, obtain,
continue, breathe. ANTONYM: (v)
perish.
 Jane Austen 139

CHAPTER %23

However small Elinor's general dependence on Lucy's veracity might be, it

was impossible for her on serious reflection to suspect it in the present case,
where no temptation could be answerable to the folly of inventing a falsehood
of such a description. What Lucy had asserted to be true, therefore, Elinor could
not, dared not longer doubt; supported as it was too on every side by such
probabilities and proofs, and contradicted by nothing but her own wishes. Their
opportunity of acquaintance in the house of Mr. Pratt was a foundation for the
rest, at once indisputable and alarming; and Edward's visit near Plymouth, his
melancholy state of mind, his dissatisfaction at his own prospects, his uncertain
behaviour towards herself, the intimate knowledge of the Miss Steeles as to
Norland and their family connections, which had often surprised her, the
picture, the letter, the ring, formed altogether such a body of evidence, as
overcame every fear of condemning him unfairly, and established as a fact,
which no partiality could set aside, his ill-treatment of herself.--Her resentment
of such behaviour, her indignation at having been its dupe, for a short time made
her feel only for herself; but other ideas, other considerations, soon arose. Had
Edward been intentionally deceiving her? Had he feigned a regard for her
which he did not feel? Was his engagement to Lucy an engagement of the heart?
No; whatever it might once have been, she could not believe it such at present.
His affection was all her own. She could not be deceived in that. Her mother,

Thesaurus
answerable: (adj, v) amenable, liable, sanctimonious, mistaken. ill-treatment: (n) hurt.
responsible, subject, exposed, bound; ANTONYM: (adj) correct. indisputable: (adj) incontestable,
(v) uncommendable, exceptionable; dupe: (n, v) fool, con, gull; (v) defraud, incontrovertible, sure, irrefutable,
(adj) conformable, adequate, bamboozle, beguile, deceive, take in, undeniable, firm, absolute, positive,
responsal. ANTONYMS: (adj) kid, trick; (n) victim. ANTONYM: (v) decided, obvious, unmistakable.
irrefutable, unaccountable. enlighten. ANTONYMS: (adj) dubious,
condemning: (adj) inculpative, feigned: (adj) false, affected, assumed, doubtful, questionable, disputable,
censorious, inculpatory, critical; (n) dummy, unnatural, fictitious; (adj, v) equivocal, debatable, imitation,
conviction, reproachful. sham, counterfeit, spurious, mock, tenuous, weak.
deceiving: (adj) deceptive, deceitful, pretended. ANTONYMS: (adj) inventing: (adj) lying.
cheating, fallacious, dishonest, lying, sincere, genuine, natural, longer: (adj) longest, better, lengest;
treacherous, imposing, delusive, wholehearted, heartfelt, real. (adv) farther; (n) yearner, thirster.
140 Sense and Sensibility

sisters, Fanny, all had been conscious of his regard for her at Norland; it was not
an illusion of her own vanity. He certainly loved her. What a softener of the
heart was this persuasion! How much could it not tempt her to forgive! He had
been blamable, highly blamable, in remaining at Norland after he first felt her
influence over him to be more than it ought to be. In that, he could not be
defended; but if he had injured her, how much more had he injured himself; if
her case were pitiable, his was hopeless. His imprudence had made her
miserable for a while; but it seemed to have deprived himself of all chance of
ever being otherwise. She might in time regain tranquillity; but he, what had he
to look forward to? Could he ever be tolerably happy with Lucy Steele; could he,
were his affection for herself out of the question, with his integrity, his delicacy,
and well-informed mind, be satisfied with a wife like her--illiterate, artful, and
selfish?
The youthful infatuation of nineteen would naturally blind him to every
thing but her beauty and good nature; but the four succeeding years--years,
which if rationally spent, give such improvement to the understanding, must
have opened his eyes to her defects of education, while the same period of time,
spent on her side in inferior society and more frivolous pursuits, had perhaps
robbed her of that simplicity which might once have given an interesting
character to her beauty.%
If in the supposition of his seeking to marry herself, his difficulties from his
mother had seemed great, how much greater were they now likely to be, when
the object of his engagement was undoubtedly inferior in connections, and
probably inferior in fortune to herself. These difficulties, indeed, with a heart so
alienated from Lucy, might not press very hard upon his patience; but
melancholy was the state of the person by whom the expectation of family
opposition and unkindness, could be felt as a relief!
As these considerations occurred to her in painful succession, she wept for
him, more than for herself. Supported by the conviction of having done nothing
to merit her present unhappiness, and consoled by the belief that Edward had
done nothing to forfeit her esteem, she thought she could even now, under the

blamable: (adj) faulty, culpable,
reprehensible, blameworthy,
blameable, blameful, censurable,
delinquent, reprovable,
condemnable, accountable.
infatuation: (adj) devotion,
fascination, enchantment, gross
credulity; (adj, n) passion, fervor,
fanaticism; (n) crush, idolatry, love,
hobby. ANTONYM: (n) indifference.
nineteen: (adj, n) XIX; (n) large integer.
pitiable: (adj) forlorn, abject, pathetic,
Thesaurus
miserable, pitiful, wretched, surmise, guess, supposal, thought,
lamentable, poor, squalid; (adj, v) imagination. ANTONYMS: (n) fact,
deplorable, mournful. ANTONYMS: knowledge, proof, reality, practice.
(adj) privileged, strong. unkindness: (n) heartlessness,
softener: (n) plasticizer, softening callousness, thoughtlessness,
agent, fabric softener, sweetener, inconsideration, inconsiderateness,
solvent, softening plant, improver, diskindness, insensitivity,
plasticiser, softening material, bribe, unpleasantness, unfriendliness,
chemical. unkindliness, insensitiveness.
supposition: (n, v) conjecture; (n) ANTONYMS: (n) goodwill,
assumption, hypothesis, diplomacy, gentleness, humanity,
presumption, premise, speculation, thoughtfulness.
 Jane Austen 141

first smart of the heavy blow, command herself enough to guard every suspicion
of the truth from her mother and sisters. And so well was she able to answer her
own expectations, that when she joined them at dinner only two hours after she
had first suffered the extinction of all her dearest hopes, no one would have
supposed from the appearance of the sisters, that Elinor was mourning in secret
over obstacles which must divide her for ever from the object of her love, and
that Marianne was internally dwelling on the perfections of a man, of whose
whole heart she felt thoroughly possessed, and whom she expected to see in
every carriage which drove near their house.%
The necessity of concealing from her mother and Marianne, what had been
entrusted in confidence to herself, though it obliged her to unceasing exertion,
was no aggravation of Elinor's distress. On the contrary it was a relief to her, to
be spared the communication of what would give such affliction to them, and to
be saved likewise from hearing that condemnation of Edward, which would
probably flow from the excess of their partial affection for herself, and which was
more than she felt equal to support.
From their counsel, or their conversation, she knew she could receive no
assistance, their tenderness and sorrow must add to her distress, while her self-
command would neither receive encouragement from their example nor from
their praise. She was stronger alone, and her own good sense so well supported
her, that her firmness was as unshaken, her appearance of cheerfulness as
invariable, as with regrets so poignant and so fresh, it was possible for them to
be.
Much as she had suffered from her first conversation with Lucy on the
subject, she soon felt an earnest wish of renewing it; and this for more reasons
than one. She wanted to hear many particulars of their engagement repeated
again, she wanted more clearly to understand what Lucy really felt for Edward,
whether there were any sincerity in her declaration of tender regard for him, and
she particularly wanted to convince Lucy, by her readiness to enter on the matter
again, and her calmness in conversing on it, that she was no otherwise interested
in it than as a friend, which she very much feared her involuntary agitation, in

aggravation: (n) deterioration,
irritation, bother, heightening,
exacerbation, annoyance, harassment,
aggrandizement, aggression,
botheration, complication.
ANTONYMS: (n) satisfaction,
improvement, pleasure, comfort,
delight, relieving, lessening, balm,
support.
expectations: (n) outlook, expectation,
expectancy, potential.
firmness: (adj, n) constancy; (n)
Thesaurus
determination, resolution, assurance, regrets: (n) regret, declination, RSVP
consistency, obstinacy, steadfastness, regrets only, acknowledgement,
resolve, confidence, courage, acknowledgment, celestial latitude,
backbone. ANTONYMS: (n) softness, excuse, Dec.
instability, vacillation, unsteadiness, renewing: (adj) renewal, restorative,
yielding, irresoluteness, droopiness, reviving, recuperative, promoting
indefiniteness, indecisiveness, recuperation, grateful, revitalising,
indecision, leniency. revitalizing.
mourning: (n) lament, lamentation, unshaken: (adj) steady, firm, constant,
bereavement, gloom, woe, memorial, undismayed, undaunted, unallayed,
sorrowfulness, sadness, sorrow; (adj) unworn, unwavering, unmoved,
grieving; (v) lamenting. steadfast, calm.
142 Sense and Sensibility

their morning discourse, must have left at least doubtful. That Lucy was
disposed to be jealous of her appeared very probable: it was plain that Edward
had always spoken highly in her praise, not merely from Lucy's assertion, but
from her venturing to trust her on so short a personal acquaintance, with a secret
so confessedly and evidently important. And even Sir John's joking intelligence
must have had some weight. But indeed, while Elinor remained so well assured
within herself of being really beloved by Edward, it required no other
consideration of probabilities to make it natural that Lucy should be jealous; and
that she was so, her very confidence was a proof. What other reason for the
disclosure of the affair could there be, but that Elinor might be informed by it of
Lucy's superior claims on Edward, and be taught to avoid him in future? She
had little difficulty in understanding thus much of her rival's intentions, and
while she was firmly resolved to act by her as every principle of honour and
honesty directed, to combat her own affection for Edward and to see him as little
as possible; she could not deny herself the comfort of endeavouring to convince
Lucy that her heart was unwounded. And as she could now have nothing more
painful to hear on the subject than had already been told, she did not mistrust
her own ability of going through a repetition of particulars with composure.%
But it was not immediately that an opportunity of doing so could be
commanded, though Lucy was as well disposed as herself to take advantage of
any that occurred; for the weather was not often fine enough to allow of their
joining in a walk, where they might most easily separate themselves from the
others; and though they met at least every other evening either at the park or
cottage, and chiefly at the former, they could not be supposed to meet for the
sake of conversation. Such a thought would never enter either Sir John or Lady
Middleton's head; and therefore very little leisure was ever given for a general
chat, and none at all for particular discourse. They met for the sake of eating,
drinking, and laughing together, playing at cards, or consequences, or any other
game that was sufficiently noisy.
One or two meetings of this kind had taken place, without affording Elinor
any chance of engaging Lucy in private, when Sir John called at the cottage one

beloved: (adj, n) dear, darling,
favorite, pet; (adj) precious, loved,
cherished; (n) love, dearest, honey,
sweetheart. ANTONYMS: (adj)
detested, despised, disliked.
commanded: (adj) lawful.
confessedly: (adv) avowedly, as
acknowledged, true,
acknowledgedly.
consequences: (n) result, cost, impact, candidness, probity, frankness,
penalty.
engaging: (adj, v) charming, inviting,
Thesaurus
prepossessing; (adj) attractive,
interesting, lovable, delightful,
appealing, pleasant, captivating; (adv)
engagingly. ANTONYMS: (adj)
repulsive, loathsome, repellant,
unattractive, undesirable, unlikable,
dull, unpleasant, repellent.
honesty: (adj, n) candor, justice,
fidelity, equity; (n) integrity, fairness,
rectitude, faith. ANTONYMS: (n)
dishonesty, wickedness, treachery,
deceit, deception, deviousness,
decadence, affectation, caution,
evasiveness, injustice.
joking: (n) banter, fooling, fun; (adj)
jocose, jocular, humorous, funny,
kidding, playful, puckish, comical.
ANTONYM: (n) seriousness.
mistrust: (adj, n, v) distrust; (n, v)
doubt, query; (n) suspicion,
misgiving, disbelief, apprehension,
wariness; (v) suspect, disbelieve,
discredit. ANTONYM: (v) believe.
 Jane Austen 143

morning, to beg, in the name of charity, that they would all dine with Lady
Middleton that day, as he was obliged to attend the club at Exeter, and she
would otherwise be quite alone, except her mother and the two Miss Steeles.
Elinor, who foresaw a fairer opening for the point she had in view, in such a
party as this was likely to be, more at liberty among themselves under the
tranquil and well-bred direction of Lady Middleton than when her husband
united them together in one noisy purpose, immediately accepted the invitation;
Margaret, with her mother's permission, was equally compliant, and Marianne,
though always unwilling to join any of their parties, was persuaded by her
mother, who could not bear to have her seclude herself from any chance of
amusement, to go likewise.%
The young ladies went, and Lady Middleton was happily preserved from the
frightful solitude which had threatened her. The insipidity of the meeting was
exactly such as Elinor had expected; it produced not one novelty of thought or
expression, and nothing could be less interesting than the whole of their
discourse both in the dining parlour and drawing room: to the latter, the children
accompanied them, and while they remained there, she was too well convinced
of the impossibility of engaging Lucy's attention to attempt it. They quitted it
only with the removal of the tea-things. The card-table was then placed, and
Elinor began to wonder at herself for having ever entertained a hope of finding
time for conversation at the park. They all rose up in preparation for a round
game.
"I am glad," said Lady Middleton to Lucy, "you are not going to finish poor
little Annamaria's basket this evening; for I am sure it must hurt your eyes to
work filigree by candlelight. And we will make the dear little love some
amends for her disappointment to-morrow, and then I hope she will not much
mind it."
This hint was enough, Lucy recollected herself instantly and replied, "Indeed
you are very much mistaken, Lady Middleton; I am only waiting to know
whether you can make your party without me, or I should have been at my
filigree already. I would not disappoint the little angel for all the world: and if

candlelight: (adj) rushlight, firelight,
starlight; (n) candlelighting.
compliant: (adj) accommodating,
meek, submissive, dutiful, flexible,
docile, malleable, indulgent,
biddable, obsequious, pliable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) rebellious,
obstinate, disobedient, aggressive,
assertive, resistant, defiant,
intractable, unwilling, wild,
inflexible.
disappoint: (v) fail, defeat, balk, baffle,
Thesaurus
disenchant, betray, circumvent, bilk,
mock, foil; (n, v) put out.
ANTONYMS: (v) please, satisfy,
encourage, fulfill, succeed, comfort,
inspire.
entertained: (adj) diverted, pleased.
filigree: (n) filagree, fillagree,
decoration; (v) reticle, trellis, grille,
plait, gridiron, grating, fretwork,
wattle.
foresaw: (v) foresee.
frightful: (adj, v) fearful; (adj)
formidable, awful, fearsome,
appalling, gruesome, horrible,
terrible, dread, frightening, grim.
ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful,
calming, soothing, pleasant, lovely,
fair.
seclude: (v) sequester, insulate, detach,
remove, separate, quarantine,
disconnect, dissociate, keep apart,
disengage, retreat.
themselves: (pron) myself, itself,
yourself; (n) yourselves.
144 Sense and Sensibility

you want me at the card-table now, I am resolved to finish the basket after
supper."
"You are very good, I hope it won't hurt your eyes-- will you ring the bell for
some working candles? My poor little girl would be sadly disappointed, I know,
if the basket was not finished tomorrow, for though I told her it certainly would
not, I am sure she depends upon having it done."
Lucy directly drew her work table near her and reseated herself with an
alacrity and cheerfulness which seemed to infer that she could taste no greater
delight than in making a filigree basket for a spoilt child.%
Lady Middleton proposed a rubber of Casino to the others. No one made any
objection but Marianne, who with her usual inattention to the forms of general
civility, exclaimed, "Your Ladyship will have the goodness to excuse me--you
know I detest cards. I shall go to the piano-forte; I have not touched it since it
was tuned." And without farther ceremony, she turned away and walked to the
instrument.
Lady Middleton looked as if she thanked heaven that she had never made so
rude a speech.
"Marianne can never keep long from that instrument you know, ma'am," said
Elinor, endeavouring to smooth away the offence; "and I do not much wonder at
it; for it is the very best toned piano-forte I ever heard."
The remaining five were now to draw their cards.
"Perhaps," continued Elinor, "if I should happen to cut out, I may be of some
use to Miss Lucy Steele, in rolling her papers for her; and there is so much still to
be done to the basket, that it must be impossible I think for her labour singly, to
finish it this evening. I should like the work exceedingly, if she would allow me
a share in it."
"Indeed I shall be very much obliged to you for your help," cried Lucy, "for I
find there is more to be done to it than I thought there was; and it would be a
shocking thing to disappoint dear Annamaria after all."

alacrity: (n) rapidity, speed,
promptness, activity, preparedness,
velocity, haste, swiftness, quickness,
expedition; (adj) life. ANTONYMS:
(n) aversion, reservation, reluctance,
indifference, hesitance, dullness,
disinclination, apathy, tardiness,
delay.
exceedingly: (adj, adv) very, highly;
(adv) too, exceptionally, overly,
surpassingly, extraordinarily, greatly,
awfully, terrifically, eminently.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (adv) slightly, hardly,
insufficiently, somewhat.
infer: (v) deduce, guess, derive,
conclude, construe, imagine,
conjecture, gather, deduct; (adj, v)
understand, imply.
rolling: (n) peal, curling, wheeling,
rolling movement, finish rolling,
pealing, crimping; (adj) resounding,
rolled, tumbling, resonating.
rubber: (n) overshoe, galosh,
prophylactic, gum elastic,
caoutchouc, eraser, condom, latex,
ebonite, golosh; (v) rubberize.
singly: (adv) one by one, separately,
independently, severally, solely,
respectively; (adj, adv) alone, only,
merely; (adj) single, particularly.
ANTONYM: (adv) multiply.
spoilt: (adj) spoiled, blighted, be
stunted, destroyed, unsound,
corrupt, disordered, reproduced
fraudulently, defective, defiled, big.
toned: (adj) pastel.
 Jane Austen 145

"Oh! that would be terrible, indeed," said Miss Steele-- "Dear little soul, how I
do love her!"
"You are very kind," said Lady Middleton to Elinor; "and as you really like
the work, perhaps you will be as well pleased not to cut in till another rubber, or
will you take your chance now?"
Elinor joyfully profited by the first of these proposals, and thus by a little of
that address which Marianne could never condescend to practise, gained her
own end, and pleased Lady Middleton at the same time. Lucy made room for
her with ready attention, and the two fair rivals were thus seated side by side at
the same table, and, with the utmost harmony, engaged in forwarding the same
work. The pianoforte at which Marianne, wrapped up in her own music and her
own thoughts, had by this time forgotten that any body was in the room besides
herself, was luckily so near them that Miss Dashwood now judged she might
safely, under the shelter of its noise, introduce the interesting subject, without
any risk of being heard at the card-table.%

condescend: (adj, v) deign, vouchsafe;
(v) stoop, patronize, patronise,
descend, lower, interact, decline,
bow, agree.
forwarding: (n) promotion, dispatch,
consignment, progress,
transportation, forward, despatch,
shipment, mailing, transfer, shipping.
joyfully: (adv) joyously, merrily, gaily,
gleefully, buoyantly, cheerily,
jubilantly, pleasantly, mirthfully;
(adv, v) happily; (adj, adv) cheerfully.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (adv) joylessly, exercise, drill, do, rehearse, learn,
miserably, despondently. take, work out, read.
judged: (n) judging; (adj) guilty, proposals: (n) suggestion.
deliberate, legal, lawful. utmost: (adj, n) maximum, extreme,
luckily: (adv) happily, prosperously, uttermost, furthermost, best, highest;
auspiciously, fortuitously, (adj, adv) farthest; (adj, v) supreme;
successfully, providentially, (adj) last, furthest; (adj, n, v) greatest.
propitiously, opportunely, ANTONYMS: (adj) moderate, worst.
advantageously, felicitously, as luck wrapped: (prep) covered; (adj) clothed,
would have it. ANTONYMS: (adv) draped, rapt, intent, absorbed,
unluckily, inauspiciously. engrossed, mantled, packed,
practise: (v) execute, practice, perform, immersed; (adj, prep) cloaked.
 Jane Austen 147

CHAPTER 24

In a firm, though cautious tone, Elinor thus began.%

"I should be undeserving of the confidence you have honoured me with, if I
felt no desire for its continuance, or no farther curiosity on its subject. I will not
apologize therefore for bringing it forward again."
"Thank you," cried Lucy warmly, "for breaking the ice; you have set my heart
at ease by it; for I was somehow or other afraid I had offended you by what I
told you that Monday."
"Offended me! How could you suppose so? Believe me," and Elinor spoke it
with the truest sincerity, "nothing could be farther from my intention than to
give you such an idea. Could you have a motive for the trust, that was not
honourable and flattering to me?"
"And yet I do assure you," replied Lucy, her little sharp eyes full of meaning,
"there seemed to me to be a coldness and displeasure in your manner that made
me quite uncomfortable. I felt sure that you was angry with me; and have been
quarrelling with myself ever since, for having took such a liberty as to trouble
you with my affairs. But I am very glad to find it was only my own fancy, and
that you really do not blame me. If you knew what a consolation it was to me to
relieve my heart speaking to you of what I am always thinking of every moment

Thesaurus
apologize: (n) palliate, extenuate, motive: (n, v) cause; (n) account, (n) dissension.
apology, gloze; (n, v) excuse; (v) incentive, impulse, inducement, relieve: (n, v) ease, assuage, mitigate,
apologise, beg pardon, give motif, motivation, incitement, reason, alleviate, allay, calm, redress; (v) free,
satisfaction, justify, plead; (adj) sorry. subject; (v) aim. ANTONYM: (n) help, console, excuse. ANTONYMS:
ANTONYM: (v) defy. disincentive. (v) burden, aggravate, exacerbate,
breaking: (n) breakage, breach, offended: (adj) angry, affronted, harbor, enforce, include, upset,
violation, infringement, aggrieved, pained, wronged, depress.
contravention, smash, rift, scutching, annoyed, insulted, shocked, vexed, undeserving: (adj) disgraceful,
shift, intermission; (v) deaden. resentful, injured. ANTONYMS: (adj) worthless, unworthy of, degrading,
intention: (n) idea, intent, goal, indifferent, proud, unconcerned. immeritous, indign, mean, not
purpose, cause, motive, mind; (n, v) quarrelling: (adj) at variance, in worthy, unbecoming, undeserving of.
aim, end, design, drift. dispute, in disagreement, in conflict; ANTONYM: (adj) deserving.
148 Sense and Sensibility

of my life, your compassion would make you overlook every thing else I am
sure."
"Indeed, I can easily believe that it was a very great relief to you, to
acknowledge your situation to me, and be assured that you shall never have
reason to repent it. Your case is a very unfortunate one; you seem to me to be
surrounded with difficulties, and you will have need of all your mutual affection
to support you under them. Mr. Ferrars, I believe, is entirely dependent on his
mother."
"He has only two thousand pounds of his own; it would be madness to marry
upon that, though for my own part, I could give up every prospect of more
without a sigh. I have been always used to a very small income, and could
struggle with any poverty for him; but I love him too well to be the selfish means
of robbing him, perhaps, of all that his mother might give him if he married to
please her. We must wait, it may be for many years. With almost every other
man in the world, it would be an alarming prospect; but Edward's affection and
constancy nothing can deprive me of I know."
"That conviction must be every thing to you; and he is undoubtedly
supported by the same trust in your's. If the strength of your reciprocal
attachment had failed, as between many people, and under many circumstances
it naturally would during a four years' engagement, your situation would have
been pitiable, indeed."
Lucy here looked up; but Elinor was careful in guarding her countenance
from every expression that could give her words a suspicious tendency.%
"Edward's love for me," said Lucy, "has been pretty well put to the test, by
our long, very long absence since we were first engaged, and it has stood the trial
so well, that I should be unpardonable to doubt it now. I can safely say that he
has never gave me one moment's alarm on that account from the first."
Elinor hardly knew whether to smile or sigh at this assertion.
Lucy went on. "I am rather of a jealous temper too by nature, and from our
different situations in life, from his being so much more in the world than me,

Thesaurus
alarming: (adj) scary, alarm, awful, unfaithfulness, unreliability, preserving, defensive.
formidable, shocking, appalling, dishonesty. robbing: (adj) freebooting, practicing
awesome, dire, horrid, horrible, deprive: (v) divest, bereave, despoil, freebootery; (n) theft.
dreadful. ANTONYMS: (adj) denude, deny, rob, dispossess, unpardonable: (adj) irremissible,
soothing, lovely, normal. dismantle, starve; (adj, v) abridge, unforgivable, indefensible, terrible,
constancy: (n) allegiance, devotion, curtail. ANTONYMS: (v) provide, appalling, unwarranted, awful,
resolution, fidelity, loyalty, present, offer, indulge, give, endow, unacceptable, shocking, not
steadfastness, faithfulness, appropriate, supply, add. remissible; (v) inexpiable.
steadiness, firmness, perseverance, guarding: (n) surveillance, ANTONYMS: (adj) pardonable,
unchangeableness. ANTONYMS: (n) conservation, precaution, shielding, excusable, justified, excellent,
inconstancy, inconsistency, marking, civil defense, patrol, justifiable.
changefulness, instability, disloyalty, accompaniment, guardianship; (adj)
 Jane Austen 149

and our continual separation, I was enough inclined for suspicion, to have found
out the truth in an instant, if there had been the slightest alteration in his
behaviour to me when we met, or any lowness of spirits that I could not account
for, or if he had talked more of one lady than another, or seemed in any respect
less happy at Longstaple than he used to be. I do not mean to say that I am
particularly observant or quick-sighted in general, but in such a case I am sure I
could not be deceived."
"All this," thought Elinor, "is very pretty; but it can impose upon neither of
us."
"But what," said she after a short silence, "are your views? or have you none
but that of waiting for Mrs. Ferrars's death, which is a melancholy and shocking
extremity?--Is her son determined to submit to this, and to all the tediousness of
the many years of suspense in which it may involve you, rather than run the risk
of her displeasure for a while by owning the truth?"
"If we could be certain that it would be only for a while! But Mrs. Ferrars is a
very headstrong proud woman, and in her first fit of anger upon hearing it,
would very likely secure every thing to Robert, and the idea of that, for Edward's
sake, frightens away all my inclination for hasty measures."
"And for your own sake too, or you are carrying your disinterestedness
beyond reason."
Lucy looked at Elinor again, and was silent.%
"Do you know Mr. Robert Ferrars?" asked Elinor.
"Not at all--I never saw him; but I fancy he is very unlike his brother--silly
and a great coxcomb."
"A great coxcomb!" repeated Miss Steele, whose ear had caught those words
by a sudden pause in Marianne's music.-- "Oh, they are talking of their favourite
beaux, I dare say."
"No sister," cried Lucy, "you are mistaken there, our favourite beaux are not
great coxcombs."

disinterestedness: (n) fairness,
disinterest, nonpartisanship,
detachment, indifference, equity,
aloofness, neutrality, disadvantage,
unfriendliness.
headstrong: (adj) intractable, dogged,
obstinate, disobedient, unruly,
willful, wayward, froward, rash,
headlong; (adj, v) ungovernable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) tractable,
compliant, amenable, docile,
malleable, agreeable, cautious.
Thesaurus
inclined: (adj, v) given; (adj) prone, alert, cautious, circumspect, careful,
willing, oblique, apt, predisposed, aware, heedful, vigilant, awake, keen.
ready, minded, likely, liable, bowed. ANTONYMS: (adj) unobservant,
ANTONYMS: (adj) reluctant, dreaming, insensitive, unprepared,
unwilling, disinclined, horizontal, oblivious.
unbiased, vertical, impervious. owning: (n) admission, avowal,
lowness: (n) depression, baseness, confession, courteous recognition,
tallness, meanness, deepness, acknowledgment.
sordidness, baby blues, tediousness: (n) boredom, dullness,
completeness, dejection, truncation, monotony, flatness, ennui, dulness,
abundance. prosiness, tediosity, tiresomeness,
observant: (adj) mindful, watchful, irksomeness; (adj) wearisomeness.
150 Sense and Sensibility

"I can answer for it that Miss Dashwood's is not," said Mrs. Jennings,
laughing heartily; "for he is one of the modestest, prettiest behaved young men I
ever saw; but as for Lucy, she is such a sly little creature, there is no finding out
who she likes."%
"Oh," cried Miss Steele, looking significantly round at them, "I dare say
Lucy's beau is quite as modest and pretty behaved as Miss Dashwood's."
Elinor blushed in spite of herself. Lucy bit her lip, and looked angrily at her
sister. A mutual silence took place for some time. Lucy first put an end to it by
saying in a lower tone, though Marianne was then giving them the powerful
protection of a very magnificent concerto--
"I will honestly tell you of one scheme which has lately come into my head,
for bringing matters to bear; indeed I am bound to let you into the secret, for you
are a party concerned. I dare say you have seen enough of Edward to know that
he would prefer the church to every other profession; now my plan is that he
should take orders as soon as he can, and then through your interest, which I am
sure you would be kind enough to use out of friendship for him, and I hope out
of some regard to me, your brother might be persuaded to give him Norland
living; which I understand is a very good one, and the present incumbent not
likely to live a great while. That would be enough for us to marry upon, and we
might trust to time and chance for the rest."
"I should always be happy," replied Elinor, "to show any mark of my esteem
and friendship for Mr. Ferrars; but do you not perceive that my interest on such
an occasion would be perfectly unnecessary? He is brother to Mrs. John
Dashwood--that must be recommendation enough to her husband."
"But Mrs. John Dashwood would not much approve of Edward's going into
orders."
"Then I rather suspect that my interest would do very little."
They were again silent for many minutes. At length Lucy exclaimed with a
deep sigh,

Thesaurus
angrily: (adv) irately, passionately, oppose. functionary, official, householder,
fiercely, indignantly, cholericly, bringing: (n) delivery, consignment, occupant, parson, locum tenens,
resentfully, enragedly, infuriatedly, serving, service, passage, post. sojourner; (adj) compulsory; (v)
wrathfully, madly, crossly. honestly: (adj, adv) justly, sincerely, supernatant, overlying.
ANTONYMS: (adv) warmly, lightly, candidly, fairly, genuinely, really; recommendation: (n) commendation,
calmly, cheerfully, gently, gladly. (adv) openly, directly, faithfully, suggestion, advice, counsel,
approve: (v) adopt, allow, accept, plainly, truthfully. ANTONYMS: advocacy, reference, approval,
acknowledge, ratify, let, agree, (adv) misleadingly, deceitfully, proposal, admonition, endorsement,
endorse, admit, support, applaud. unfairly, insincerely, hesitantly, character.
ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, censure, untruthfully, guardedly, sigh: (n, v) groan, suspire, murmur; (v)
disapprove, veto, forbid, invalidate, ambiguously, politely. breathe, languish, pine; (n) breath,
disallow, disrespect, deny, desecrate, incumbent: (adj, v) superimposed; (n) wail, whimper, whine, suspiration.
 Jane Austen 151

"I believe it would be the wisest way to put an end to the business at once by
dissolving the engagement. We seem so beset with difficulties on every side,
that though it would make us miserable for a time, we should be happier
perhaps in the end. But you will not give me your advice, Miss Dashwood?"
"No," answered Elinor, with a smile, which concealed very agitated feelings,
"on such a subject I certainly will not. You know very well that my opinion
would have no weight with you, unless it were on the side of your wishes."
"Indeed you wrong me," replied Lucy, with great solemnity; "I know nobody
of whose judgment I think so highly as I do of yours; and I do really believe, that
if you was to say to me, 'I advise you by all means to put an end to your
engagement with Edward Ferrars, it will be more for the happiness of both of
you,' I should resolve upon doing it immediately."
Elinor blushed for the insincerity of Edward's future wife, and replied, "This
compliment would effectually frighten me from giving any opinion on the
subject had I formed one. It raises my influence much too high; the power of
dividing two people so tenderly attached is too much for an indifferent person."
"'Tis because you are an indifferent person," said Lucy, with some pique, and
laying a particular stress on those words, "that your judgment might justly have
such weight with me. If you could be supposed to be biased in any respect by
your own feelings, your opinion would not be worth having."
Elinor thought it wisest to make no answer to this, lest they might provoke
each other to an unsuitable increase of ease and unreserve; and was even partly
determined never to mention the subject again. Another pause therefore of
many minutes' duration, succeeded this speech, and Lucy was still the first to
end it.%
"Shall you be in town this winter, Miss Dashwood?" said she with all her
accustomary complacency.
"Certainly not."
"I am sorry for that," returned the other, while her eyes brightened at the
information, "it would have gave me such pleasure to meet you there! But I dare

agitated: (adj) upset, excited, nervous,
restive, tumultuous, distressed, tense,
jumpy, overwrought, anxious,
alarmed. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
lethargic, tranquil, relaxed, assured,
cool, still.
beset: (v) beleaguer, afflict, assault,
siege, molest, worry, attack, plague,
obsess, assail; (adv, v) surround.
dissolving: (n) dissolution, breakup,
dissipation, disintegration,
destruction, cancellation,
Thesaurus
adjournment; (adj) solvent, diffluent, solemnity: (n) seriousness, sobriety,
deliquescent. earnestness, formality, ceremony,
effectually: (adv) efficaciously, impressiveness, austerity, sedateness,
effectively, validly, adequately, display, pomp, grandeur.
potently, tellingly, strongly, ANTONYMS: (n) humor, levity,
decisively; (adj) nicely, fully, head cheerfulness, understatement.
and shoulders. ANTONYM: (adv) tenderly: (adv) softly, kindly,
ineffectually. delicately, affectionately, fondly,
pique: (v) nettle, insult, outrage, warmly, painfully, sensitively,
irritate, fret; (n) grudge, annoyance, caringly, sympathetically, gently.
umbrage, irritation; (n, v) anger, ANTONYMS: (adv) roughly,
spite. severely, disapprovingly, harshly.
152 Sense and Sensibility

say you will go for all that. To be sure, your brother and sister will ask you to
come to them."
"It will not be in my power to accept their invitation if they do."
"How unlucky that is! I had quite depended upon meeting you there. Anne
and me are to go the latter end of January to some relations who have been
wanting us to visit them these several years! But I only go for the sake of seeing
Edward. He will be there in February, otherwise London would have no charms
for me; I have not spirits for it."
Elinor was soon called to the card-table by the conclusion of the first rubber,
and the confidential discourse of the two ladies was therefore at an end, to which
both of them submitted without any reluctance, for nothing had been said on
either side to make them dislike each other less than they had done before; and
Elinor sat down to the card table with the melancholy persuasion that Edward
was not only without affection for the person who was to be his wife; but that he
had not even the chance of being tolerably happy in marriage, which sincere
affection on her side would have given, for self-interest alone could induce a
woman to keep a man to an engagement, of which she seemed so thoroughly
aware that he was weary.%
From this time the subject was never revived by Elinor, and when entered on
by Lucy, who seldom missed an opportunity of introducing it, and was
particularly careful to inform her confidante, of her happiness whenever she
received a letter from Edward, it was treated by the former with calmness and
caution, and dismissed as soon as civility would allow; for she felt such
conversations to be an indulgence which Lucy did not deserve, and which were
dangerous to herself.
The visit of the Miss Steeles at Barton Park was lengthened far beyond what
the first invitation implied. Their favour increased; they could not be spared; Sir
John would not hear of their going; and in spite of their numerous and long
arranged engagements in Exeter, in spite of the absolute necessity of returning to
fulfill them immediately, which was in full force at the end of every week, they
were prevailed on to stay nearly two months at the park, and to assist in the due
Thesaurus
confidante: (n) comrade, intimate, expanded, elongate, longer, cordial. ANTONYMS: (adj) insincere,
camarade, companion, compeer, lingering, extensive, stretched out, dishonest, guarded, flippant,
familiar, lady's maid, guest, confrere, lengthy. affected, disingenuous, hypocritical,
soul mate, associate. ANTONYMS: persuasion: (n) belief, opinion, faith, cunning, unfaithful, unenthusiastic,
(n) enemy, foe, rival. inducement, creed, idea, exhortation, unbelievable.
fulfill: (v) achieve, execute, do, enticement, view, sentiment; (adj, n) unlucky: (adj) luckless, hapless,
perform, attain, carry out, complete, conviction. ANTONYMS: (n) force, unhappy, sinister, inauspicious,
effect, fill, satisfy, meet. punishment, dissuasion. unsuccessful, ominous, adverse,
ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, break, self-interest: (n) selfishness. disastrous, unfavorable; (adj, v)
disobey, displease. sincere: (adj, v) earnest, devout; (adj) untoward. ANTONYMS: (adj)
lengthened: (adj) elongated, genuine, faithful, heartfelt, honest, fortunate, happy, auspicious,
prolonged, long, protracted, serious, open, artless, candid; (adj, n) successful.
 Jane Austen 153

celebration of that festival which requires a more than ordinary share of private
balls and large dinners to proclaim its importance.%

celebration: (n) anniversary, holiday,
fair, solemnization, festival,
commemoration, merrymaking, feast,
party, festivity; (adj, n) dedication.
ANTONYM: (n) omission.
festival: (n) feast, carnival, fair,
celebration, festivity, holiday, fte,
jubilee, fiesta, party; (n, v) fete.
ordinary: (adj, n, v) customary, usual;
(adj) middling, mediocre, average,
normal, everyday; (adj, n) familiar,
accustomed, habitual; (adj, v) general.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (adj) unusual, strange, broadcast, promulgate, enunciate,
peculiar, outstanding, incredible, herald, decree, divulge, notify,
special, famous, distinguished, annunciate.
abnormal, particular, exotic. share: (n, v) portion, allot, part,
private: (adj) clandestine, personal, distribute, apportion, deal, divide; (v)
secret, individual, hidden, inner, participate, partake, dispense; (n)
exclusive, intimate, esoteric; (adj, v) dole. ANTONYM: (v) refrain.
covert, close. ANTONYMS: (adj)
official, nationalized, community,
communal, shared, civic, state, open,
external, commercial, collective.
proclaim: (v) declare, assert, advertise,
 Jane Austen 155

CHAPTER 25

Though Mrs. Jennings was in the habit of spending a large portion of the year
at the houses of her children and friends, she was not without a settled
habitation of her own. Since the death of her husband, who had traded with
success in a less elegant part of the town, she had resided every winter in a house
in one of the streets near Portman Square. Towards this home, she began on the
approach of January to turn her thoughts, and thither she one day abruptly, and
very unexpectedly by them, asked the elder Misses Dashwood to accompany
her. Elinor, without observing the varying complexion of her sister, and the
animated look which spoke no indifference to the plan, immediately gave a
grateful but absolute denial for both, in which she believed herself to be
speaking their united inclinations. The reason alleged was their determined
resolution of not leaving their mother at that time of the year. Mrs. Jennings
received the refusal with some surprise, and repeated her invitation
immediately.%
"Oh, Lord! I am sure your mother can spare you very well, and I do beg you
will favour me with your company, for I've quite set my heart upon it. Don't
fancy that you will be any inconvenience to me, for I shan't put myself at all out
of my way for you. It will only be sending Betty by the coach, and I hope I can
afford that. We three shall be able to go very well in my chaise; and when we are
in town, if you do not like to go wherever I do, well and good, you may always

accompany: (v) attend, follow,
companion, guide, company, lead,
walk, associate, consort, conduct,
concur. ANTONYMS: (v) desert,
abandon, leave.
chaise: (n) shay, carriage, equipage,
rig, coach, daybed, chaise longue,
bed, cabriole chair, chair.
denial: (adv, n) negation; (n)
abnegation, repulse, renunciation, no,
contradiction, abjuration, rejection,
negative, refusal; (v) deny.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (n) acceptance,
declaration, affirmation, confession,
admission, agreement, provision,
prosecution, approval, permission,
affirmative.
habitation: (adj, n) abode; (n) domicile,
residence, house, home, habitat,
lodging, place, occupancy,
inhabitation, inhabitancy.
ANTONYM: (n) vacancy.
indifference: (adj, n) coldness,
phlegm; (n) detachment,
impassiveness, disregard, aloofness,
nonchalance, neglect, unconcern,
impassivity, disinterest.
ANTONYMS: (n) fervor, interest,
eagerness, dedication, sympathy,
favorite, compassion, anxiety,
responsiveness, forcefulness, care.
thither: (adv) hither, whither, on that
point, in that respect, at that place, in
that location; (adj) further, ulterior,
remoter, succeeding, more distant.
traded: (adj) listed.
156 Sense and Sensibility

go with one of my daughters. I am sure your mother will not object to it; for I
have had such good luck in getting my own children off my hands that she will
think me a very fit person to have the charge of you; and if I don't get one of you
at least well married before I have done with you, it shall not be my fault. I shall
speak a good word for you to all the young men, you may depend upon it."%
"I have a notion," said Sir John, "that Miss Marianne would not object to such
a scheme, if her elder sister would come into it. It is very hard indeed that she
should not have a little pleasure, because Miss Dashwood does not wish it. So I
would advise you two, to set off for town, when you are tired of Barton, without
saying a word to Miss Dashwood about it."
"Nay," cried Mrs. Jennings, "I am sure I shall be monstrous glad of Miss
Marianne's company, whether Miss Dashwood will go or not, only the more the
merrier say I, and I thought it would be more comfortable for them to be
together; because, if they got tired of me, they might talk to one another, and
laugh at my old ways behind my back. But one or the other, if not both of them, I
must have. Lord bless me! how do you think I can live poking by myself, I who
have been always used till this winter to have Charlotte with me. Come, Miss
Marianne, let us strike hands upon the bargain, and if Miss Dashwood will
change her mind by and bye, why so much the better."
"I thank you, ma'am, sincerely thank you," said Marianne, with warmth:
"your invitation has insured my gratitude for ever, and it would give me such
happiness, yes, almost the greatest happiness I am capable of, to be able to accept
it. But my mother, my dearest, kindest mother,--I feel the justice of what Elinor
has urged, and if she were to be made less happy, less comfortable by our
absence--Oh! no, nothing should tempt me to leave her. It should not, must not
be a struggle."
Mrs. Jennings repeated her assurance that Mrs. Dashwood could spare them
perfectly well; and Elinor, who now understood her sister, and saw to what
indifference to almost every thing else she was carried by her eagerness to be
with Willoughby again, made no farther direct opposition to the plan, and
merely referred it to her mother's decision, from whom however she scarcely

Thesaurus
assurance: (n) confidence, guarantee, sanctify, anoint, eulogize, sign, child, inferior; (adj) youngest,
belief, pledge, security, promise, praise, keep, grant, glorify; (n) younger, little.
sureness, poise, conviction, nerve, blessing. ANTONYMS: (v) curse, insured: (adj) guaranteed, certain,
warrant. ANTONYMS: (n) doubt, condemn, disapprove, damn, indubitable; (n) policyholder.
uncertainty, mistrust, lie, fiction, disallow, deny. luck: (n) fortune, fate, accident,
awkwardness, timidity, clumsiness. dearest: (n) dear, darling, love, honey, destiny, hazard, lot, advantage,
bargain: (adj, n, v) cheap; (n, v) lover, sweetheart, loved one, baby; providence, portion, happiness; (n, v)
covenant, deal; (n) agreement, treaty, (adj) precious, intimate, sweet. chance. ANTONYM: (n) design.
arrangement, buy, chaffer; (v) elder: (adj) older, big, adult; (n) dean, poking: (n) thrusting, jabbing, jab,
exchange, stipulate, agree. doyen, patriarch, ancient, boss, driving force, dalliance, Phytolacca
ANTONYM: (adj) inflated. elderberry, superior, presbyter. Americana, dig, biff, drive, carrier
bless: (v) consecrate, celebrate, ANTONYMS: (n) youngster, minor, bag, garget.
 Jane Austen 157

expected to receive any support in her endeavour to prevent a visit, which she
could not approve of for Marianne, and which on her own account she had
particular reasons to avoid. Whatever Marianne was desirous of, her mother
would be eager to promote--she could not expect to influence the latter to
cautiousness of conduct in an affair respecting which she had never been able to
inspire her with distrust; and she dared not explain the motive of her own
disinclination for going to London. That Marianne, fastidious as she was,
thoroughly acquainted with Mrs. Jennings' manners, and invariably disgusted
by them, should overlook every inconvenience of that kind, should disregard
whatever must be most wounding to her irritable feelings, in her pursuit of one
object, was such a proof, so strong, so full, of the importance of that object to her,
as Elinor, in spite of all that had passed, was not prepared to witness.%
On being informed of the invitation, Mrs. Dashwood, persuaded that such an
excursion would be productive of much amusement to both her daughters, and
perceiving through all her affectionate attention to herself, how much the heart
of Marianne was in it, would not hear of their declining the offer upon her
account; insisted on their both accepting it directly; and then began to foresee,
with her usual cheerfulness, a variety of advantages that would accrue to them
all, from this separation.
"I am delighted with the plan," she cried, "it is exactly what I could wish.
Margaret and I shall be as much benefited by it as yourselves. When you and the
Middletons are gone, we shall go on so quietly and happily together with our
books and our music! You will find Margaret so improved when you come back
again! I have a little plan of alteration for your bedrooms too, which may now be
performed without any inconvenience to any one. It is very right that you should
go to town; I would have every young woman of your condition in life
acquainted with the manners and amusements of London. You will be under the
care of a motherly good sort of woman, of whose kindness to you I can have no
doubt. And in all probability you will see your brother, and whatever may be his
faults, or the faults of his wife, when I consider whose son he is, I cannot bear to
have you so wholly estranged from each other."

accrue: (v) grow, fall, collect, result,
yield, originate, enlarge, augment,
assemble, amass, proceed.
ANTONYMS: (v) decrease,
distribute, disperse, dwindle.
cautiousness: (n) caution, care,
wariness, attentiveness, chariness,
deliberation, discreetness, precaution,
circumspection, discretion,
forethought. ANTONYM: (n)
incaution.
disgusted: (adj) fed up, ill, weary,
Thesaurus
sickened, nauseated, queasy, motherly: (adj) tender, fatherly, warm,
indisposed, demented, shocked, sisterly, loving, affectionate; (adv)
crazy, horrified. ANTONYMS: (adj) maternally; (v) ardent, fond, devoted,
attracted, happy, pleased. erotic. ANTONYM: (adj) paternal.
estranged: (adj) disaffected, separated, reasons: (n) proof.
confused, bitter, anomic, neurotic, wounding: (n) wound, injury; (adj)
lonely, homeless, friendless, foreign, hurtful, spiteful, traumatic, grievous,
factious. offensive, stabbing, inflicting
foresee: (v) expect, forecast, anticipate, wounds, impertinent, harmful.
envisage, previse, foreknow, ANTONYMS: (adj) harmless,
prophesy, provide, foresaw, predict, complimentary, kind, polite,
see. sympathetic.
158 Sense and Sensibility

"Though with your usual anxiety for our happiness," said Elinor, "you have
been obviating every impediment to the present scheme which occurred to you,
there is still one objection which, in my opinion, cannot be so easily removed."
Marianne's countenance sunk.%
"And what," said Mrs. Dashwood, "is my dear prudent Elinor going to
suggest? What formidable obstacle is she now to bring forward? Do let me hear
a word about the expense of it."
"My objection is this; though I think very well of Mrs. Jennings's heart, she is
not a woman whose society can afford us pleasure, or whose protection will give
us consequence."
"That is very true," replied her mother, "but of her society, separately from
that of other people, you will scarcely have any thing at all, and you will almost
always appear in public with Lady Middleton."
"If Elinor is frightened away by her dislike of Mrs. Jennings," said Marianne,
"at least it need not prevent my accepting her invitation. I have no such scruples,
and I am sure I could put up with every unpleasantness of that kind with very
little effort."
Elinor could not help smiling at this display of indifference towards the
manners of a person, to whom she had often had difficulty in persuading
Marianne to behave with tolerable politeness; and resolved within herself, that if
her sister persisted in going, she would go likewise, as she did not think it proper
that Marianne should be left to the sole guidance of her own judgment, or that
Mrs. Jennings should be abandoned to the mercy of Marianne for all the comfort
of her domestic hours. To this determination she was the more easily reconciled,
by recollecting that Edward Ferrars, by Lucy's account, was not to be in town
before February; and that their visit, without any unreasonable abridgement,
might be previously finished.
"I will have you both go," said Mrs. Dashwood; "these objections are
nonsensical. You will have much pleasure in being in London, and especially in
being together; and if Elinor would ever condescend to anticipate enjoyment, she

abridgement: (n) abridgment,
condensation, capsule, epitome,
summarization, synopsis, abstract,
compendium, outline, contraction,
curtailment. ANTONYM: (n)
expansion.
impediment: (n, v) hindrance, check,
difficulty, delay; (n) bar, hitch,
barrier, obstruction, drawback,
encumbrance, block. ANTONYMS:
(n) benefit, boost, incentive, strength. unreconciled.
nonsensical: (adj) meaningless,
Thesaurus
absurd, ludicrous, irrational, foolish, sense of right and wrong, morality,
pointless, ridiculous, silly,
preposterous, farcical, insensate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible,
worthwhile.
obviating: (adj) going before,
preventive.
reconciled: (adj) consistent, resigned,
serene, meet; (v) made friends,
affriended. ANTONYM: (adj)
scruples: (n) conscience, moral sense,
ethical motive, principle, ethics,
moral fiber, morals.
unpleasantness: (n) nastiness,
disagreeableness, horridness,
unkindness, awfulness, odiousness,
discomfort, disagreeable, spite,
offensiveness; (adj, n) ugliness.
ANTONYMS: (n)
straightforwardness, kindness,
deliciousness, delightfulness,
politeness, attractiveness.
 Jane Austen 159

would foresee it there from a variety of sources; she would, perhaps, expect some
from improving her acquaintance with her sister-in-law's family."
Elinor had often wished for an opportunity of attempting to weaken her
mother's dependence on the attachment of Edward and herself, that the shock
might be less when the whole truth were revealed, and now on this attack,
though almost hopeless of success, she forced herself to begin her design by
saying, as calmly as she could, "I like Edward Ferrars very much, and shall
always be glad to see him; but as to the rest of the family, it is a matter of perfect
indifference to me, whether I am ever known to them or not."
Mrs. Dashwood smiled, and said nothing. Marianne lifted up her eyes in
astonishment, and Elinor conjectured that she might as well have held her
tongue.%
After very little farther discourse, it was finally settled that the invitation
should be fully accepted. Mrs. Jennings received the information with a great
deal of joy, and many assurances of kindness and care; nor was it a matter of
pleasure merely to her. Sir John was delighted; for to a man, whose prevailing
anxiety was the dread of being alone, the acquisition of two, to the number of
inhabitants in London, was something. Even Lady Middleton took the trouble of
being delighted, which was putting herself rather out of her way; and as for the
Miss Steeles, especially Lucy, they had never been so happy in their lives as this
intelligence made them.
Elinor submitted to the arrangement which counteracted her wishes with less
reluctance than she had expected to feel. With regard to herself, it was now a
matter of unconcern whether she went to town or not, and when she saw her
mother so thoroughly pleased with the plan, and her sister exhilarated by it in
look, voice, and manner, restored to all her usual animation, and elevated to
more than her usual gaiety, she could not be dissatisfied with the cause, and
would hardly allow herself to distrust the consequence.
Marianne's joy was almost a degree beyond happiness, so great was the
perturbation of her spirits and her impatience to be gone. Her unwillingness to
quit her mother was her only restorative to calmness; and at the moment of
Thesaurus
distrust: (n, v) mistrust, discredit; (n) decreased, humble, inferior, lessened, corrective; (adj) recuperative, healing,
suspicion, misgiving, disbelief, low, sunken, undignified, lowered. revitalizing, renewing; (n) tonic,
uncertainty, hesitation; (v) suspect, exhilarated: (adj) joyful, glad, excited, remedy, cure, bracer, prophylactic.
disbelieve, question; (adj) distrustful. delighted, exuberant, exhilarating, ANTONYM: (adj) injurious.
ANTONYMS: (n) confidence, faith, happy, pleased, jaunty, intoxicated, unconcern: (n) apathy, nonchalance,
trustingness, certainty, belief, hilarious. insouciance, coldness, detachment,
optimism; (v) believe, entrust, perturbation: (n) commotion, impassiveness, insensibility,
depend, confide. agitation, fuss, emotion, excitement, disregard, phlegm, carelessness,
elevated: (adj) exalted, towering, confusion, dislocation, discomposure, lethargy. ANTONYMS: (n)
noble, lofty, grand, great, majestic, interruption; (adj, n, v) trepidation; responsiveness, worry, anxiety,
tall, elated, magnanimous; (adj, v) (adj, n) flutter. interest.
steep. ANTONYMS: (adj) base, lowly, restorative: (adj, n) analeptic,
160 Sense and Sensibility

parting her grief on that score was excessive. Her mother's affliction was hardly
less, and Elinor was the only one of the three, who seemed to consider the
separation as any thing short of eternal.%
Their departure took place in the first week in January. The Middletons were
to follow in about a week. The Miss Steeles kept their station at the park, and
were to quit it only with the rest of the family.

departure: (n, v) decease, demise; (n)
exit, leave, deviation, divergence,
depart, parting, aberration, passing,
takeoff. ANTONYMS: (n)
appearance, conformity, greeting,
ingress, influx, homecoming,
regularity, entrance, birth, coming,
advance.
excessive: (adj) exaggerated, intense,
superfluous, undue, exorbitant,
unreasonable, immoderate,
enormous, profuse, extravagant,
Thesaurus
extreme. ANTONYMS: (adj) debt; (v) get.
moderate, affordable, deficient, separation: (n) disjunction,
underdone, insignificant, insufficient, detachment, disunion, seclusion,
thrifty, skimpy, meager, basic, small. disconnection, rift, isolation, divorce,
grief: (adj, n, v) affliction; (n) dolor, parting, departure; (n, v) division.
anguish, distress, agony, pain, ANTONYMS: (n) unification,
wound, chagrin, concern; (n, v) closeness, marriage, union, unity,
regret; (adj) sore. ANTONYMS: (n) connection, bond, integration,
joy, happiness, comfort, content, synthesis, inclusion, meeting.
peace. station: (adj, n, v) rank, standing; (v)
score: (n, v) count, notch, scratch, line, locate, put; (n, v) post, seat, position,
cut, tally, scotch; (n) bill, groove, stand, base, site, order.
 Jane Austen 161

CHAPTER %26

Elinor could not find herself in the carriage with Mrs. Jennings, and
beginning a journey to London under her protection, and as her guest, without
wondering at her own situation, so short had their acquaintance with that lady
been, so wholly unsuited were they in age and disposition, and so many had
been her objections against such a measure only a few days before! But these
objections had all, with that happy ardour of youth which Marianne and her
mother equally shared, been overcome or overlooked; and Elinor, in spite of
every occasional doubt of Willoughby's constancy, could not witness the rapture
of delightful expectation which filled the whole soul and beamed in the eyes of
Marianne, without feeling how blank was her own prospect, how cheerless her
own state of mind in the comparison, and how gladly she would engage in the
solicitude of Marianne's situation to have the same animating object in view, the
same possibility of hope. A short, a very short time however must now decide
what Willoughby's intentions were; in all probability he was already in town.
Marianne's eagerness to be gone declared her dependence on finding him there;
and Elinor was resolved not only upon gaining every new light as to his
character which her own observation or the intelligence of others could give her,
but likewise upon watching his behaviour to her sister with such zealous
attention, as to ascertain what he was and what he meant, before many meetings
had taken place. Should the result of her observations be unfavourable, she was

ascertain: (v) determine, find out,
learn, discover, check, tell, control,
find, ensure, detect; (adj, v) establish.
ANTONYM: (v) disprove.
cheerless: (adj) sad, dismal, dark, drab,
dreary, gloomy, dull, murky,
dispiriting; (adj, v) disconsolate,
joyless. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright,
happy, uplifting, lighthearted, sunny,
smart, cheery, warm.
gladly: (adv, v) happily; (adv) gleefully,
contentedly, cheerfully, fain, joyfully,
Thesaurus
jovially, cheerily, delightedly,
gladsomely, readily. ANTONYMS:
(adv) reluctantly, unwillingly, sadly,
resentfully, miserably.
rapture: (n) joy, bliss, delight,
happiness, exaltation, elation,
exultation, enchantment; (adj, n)
enthusiasm; (n, v) transport; (adj, n, v) (adj, n) passionate. ANTONYMS:
passion. ANTONYMS: (n)
indifference, boredom, misery,
gloom, agony, hell, despair.
unsuited: (adj) incompatible,
inappropriate, inapplicable, inapt,
improper, unfit, unbecoming,
mismated, mismatched, inapposite,
incongruous.
zealous: (adj) keen, enthusiastic,
fervent, ardent, avid, devoted,
strenuous, vehement, glowing, fiery;
(adj) indifferent, apathetic,
unenthusiastic, cool, halfhearted,
moderate.
162 Sense and Sensibility

determined at all events to open the eyes of her sister; should it be otherwise, her
exertions would be of a different nature--she must then learn to avoid every
selfish comparison, and banish every regret which might lessen her satisfaction
in the happiness of Marianne.%
They were three days on their journey, and Marianne's behaviour as they
travelled was a happy specimen of what future complaisance and
companionableness to Mrs. Jennings might be expected to be. She sat in silence
almost all the way, wrapt in her own meditations, and scarcely ever voluntarily
speaking, except when any object of picturesque beauty within their view drew
from her an exclamation of delight exclusively addressed to her sister. To atone
for this conduct therefore, Elinor took immediate possession of the post of civility
which she had assigned herself, behaved with the greatest attention to Mrs.
Jennings, talked with her, laughed with her, and listened to her whenever she
could; and Mrs. Jennings on her side treated them both with all possible
kindness, was solicitous on every occasion for their ease and enjoyment, and
only disturbed that she could not make them choose their own dinners at the inn,
nor extort a confession of their preferring salmon to cod, or boiled fowls to veal
cutlets. They reached town by three o'clock the third day, glad to be released,
after such a journey, from the confinement of a carriage, and ready to enjoy all
the luxury of a good fire.
The house was handsome, and handsomely fitted up, and the young ladies
were immediately put in possession of a very comfortable apartment. It had
formerly been Charlotte's, and over the mantelpiece still hung a landscape in
coloured silks of her performance, in proof of her having spent seven years at a
great school in town to some effect.
As dinner was not to be ready in less than two hours from their arrival,
Elinor determined to employ the interval in writing to her mother, and sat down
for that purpose. In a few moments Marianne did the same. "I am writing home,
Marianne," said Elinor; "had not you better defer your letter for a day or two?"
"I am not going to write to my mother," replied Marianne, hastily, and as if
wishing to avoid any farther inquiry. Elinor said no more; it immediately struck

banish: (v) dispel, expel, displace,
relegate, oust, expatriate, eject,
dismiss, transport, cast out; (adj, v)
exile. ANTONYMS: (v) keep,
embrace, adopt, invite, include.
boiled: (adj) intoxicated, poached,
stewed; (v) sodden.
companionableness: (n) agreeable
companionship.
complaisance: (adj, n) affability,
civility; (n) courtesy, deference,
respect, compliancy, agreeableness,
Thesaurus
submission, amenity, politeness; (adj) lovely, charmingly, finely,
gallantry. generously, good-lookingly, smartly.
exclamation: (n) clamor, ejaculation, ANTONYM: (adv) poorly.
exclaiming, utterance, whoop, silks: (n) garment.
interjection, shout, expletive, deuce, solicitous: (adj) eager, attentive,
Dickens, ecphonesis. apprehensive, careful, anxious,
extort: (v) exact, soak, compel, take, jealous, considerate, avid, thoughtful,
wring, force, extract, pry; (adj) bleed, fervent; (n) desirous. ANTONYMS:
fleece, overcharge. (adj) uncaring, serene, thoughtless.
fowls: (n) poultry. veal: (n) calf, venison, veau, animal
handsomely: (adv) liberally, prettily, protein, beef, calves' feet, chicken,
magnanimously, bonnily, largely, ham, lamb, meat, mutton.
 Jane Austen 163

her that she must then be writing to Willoughby; and the conclusion which as
instantly followed was, that, however mysteriously they might wish to conduct
the affair, they must be engaged. This conviction, though not entirely
satisfactory, gave her pleasure, and she continued her letter with greater alacrity.
Marianne's was finished in a very few minutes; in length it could be no more
than a note; it was then folded up, sealed, and directed with eager rapidity.
Elinor thought she could distinguish a large W in the direction; and no sooner
was it complete than Marianne, ringing the bell, requested the footman who
answered it to get that letter conveyed for her to the two-penny post. This
decided the matter at once.%
Her spirits still continued very high; but there was a flutter in them which
prevented their giving much pleasure to her sister, and this agitation increased
as the evening drew on. She could scarcely eat any dinner, and when they
afterwards returned to the drawing room, seemed anxiously listening to the
sound of every carriage.
It was a great satisfaction to Elinor that Mrs. Jennings, by being much
engaged in her own room, could see little of what was passing. The tea things
were brought in, and already had Marianne been disappointed more than once
by a rap at a neighbouring door, when a loud one was suddenly heard which
could not be mistaken for one at any other house, Elinor felt secure of its
announcing Willoughby's approach, and Marianne, starting up, moved towards
the door. Every thing was silent; this could not be borne many seconds; she
opened the door, advanced a few steps towards the stairs, and after listening half
a minute, returned into the room in all the agitation which a conviction of having
heard him would naturally produce; in the ecstasy of her feelings at that instant
she could not help exclaiming, "Oh, Elinor, it is Willoughby, indeed it is!" and
seemed almost ready to throw herself into his arms, when Colonel Brandon
appeared.
It was too great a shock to be borne with calmness, and she immediately left
the room. Elinor was disappointed too; but at the same time her regard for
Colonel Brandon ensured his welcome with her; and she felt particularly hurt

Thesaurus
agitation: (n) disturbance, excitement, transport. ANTONYMS: (n) footman: (n) attendant, butler,
tumult, stirring, convulsion, stir, desolation, gloom, downheartedness, follower, flunkey, flunky, varlet,
commotion, emotion, unrest, shake, melancholy, depression, dejection, servitor, valet de chambre, boy,
turmoil. ANTONYMS: (n) serenity, anguish, sadness, despair, agony, knave; (n, v) lackey.
calm, equanimity, rest, peace, bore. mysteriously: (adv) enigmatically,
deterrent. ensured: (adj) certain, constitutional. strangely, obscurely, secretly,
announcing: (n) publicity, exclaiming: (n) deuce, Dickens, uncannily, mystically, darkly,
communication; (adj) annunciative. ejaculation, exclaim, devil, puzzlingly, weirdly, abstrusely,
conveyed: (v) borne, sent. interjection, ecphonesis. occultly. ANTONYM: (adv) normally.
ecstasy: (n) delight, rapture, joy, bliss, flutter: (adj, n, v) bustle, flurry; (n, v) sealed: (adj) hermetic, tight, certain,
delirium, happiness, trance, beat, palpitate, flap, wave, waver, plastered, Solen, shut, impervious,
enthusiasm, exaltation, elation; (n, v) quiver; (v) flit, flitter; (n) excitement. irrevocable, tighter, still, preserved.
164 Sense and Sensibility

that a man so partial to her sister should perceive that she experienced nothing
but grief and disappointment in seeing him. She instantly saw that it was not
unnoticed by him, that he even observed Marianne as she quitted the room, with
such astonishment and concern, as hardly left him the recollection of what
civility demanded towards herself.%
"Is your sister ill?" said he.
Elinor answered in some distress that she was, and then talked of head-aches,
low spirits, and over fatigues; and of every thing to which she could decently
attribute her sister's behaviour.
He heard her with the most earnest attention, but seeming to recollect
himself, said no more on the subject, and began directly to speak of his pleasure
at seeing them in London, making the usual inquiries about their journey, and
the friends they had left behind.
In this calm kind of way, with very little interest on either side, they
continued to talk, both of them out of spirits, and the thoughts of both engaged
elsewhere. Elinor wished very much to ask whether Willoughby were then in
town, but she was afraid of giving him pain by any enquiry after his rival; and at
length, by way of saying something, she asked if he had been in London ever
since she had seen him last. "Yes," he replied, with some embarrassment, "almost
ever since; I have been once or twice at Delaford for a few days, but it has never
been in my power to return to Barton."
This, and the manner in which it was said, immediately brought back to her
remembrance all the circumstances of his quitting that place, with the uneasiness
and suspicions they had caused to Mrs. Jennings, and she was fearful that her
question had implied much more curiosity on the subject than she had ever felt.
Mrs. Jennings soon came in. "Oh! Colonel," said she, with her usual noisy
cheerfulness, "I am monstrous glad to see you--sorry I could not come before--
beg your pardon, but I have been forced to look about me a little, and settle my
matters; for it is a long while since I have been at home, and you know one has
always a world of little odd things to do after one has been away for any time;

attribute: (adj, n) quality, property; (n, requisitory.
v) assign; (n) feature, emblem,
characteristic, peculiarity, mark; (v)
credit, impute, accredit.
decently: (adv) becomingly,
decorously, fairly, correctly, seemly,
fitly, courteously, justly,
appropriately, rightly, right.
ANTONYMS: (adv) rudely,
improperly, disreputably,
inappropriately, immorally.
demanded: (adj) urgent, popular,
Thesaurus
recollect: (v) recall, remember,
fearful: (adj, n) afraid; (adj, v) dreadful, recognize, call to mind, remind,
cowardly; (adj) terrible, mind, think, call up, reminisce,
apprehensive, awful, timid, anxious, refresh, retrieve. ANTONYM: (v)
craven, frightful, eerie. ANTONYMS: forget.
(adj) rational, calm, confident, bold, unnoticed: (v) unheeded, unthought
unimpressed, charming, fearless, of, unregarded; (adj) disregarded,
courageous, reassuring, unafraid, unmarked, hidden, neglected,
wonderful. ignored, obscure; (adj, v)
inquiries: (n) investigation, unremarked, unobserved.
examination, study, enquiries, ANTONYMS: (adj) evident, seen,
enquiry, inquiry, exploration. noticeable, noted, obvious.
 Jane Austen 165

and then I have had Cartwright to settle with-- Lord, I have been as busy as a bee
ever since dinner! But pray, Colonel, how came you to conjure out that I should
be in town today?"
"I had the pleasure of hearing it at Mr. Palmer's, where I have been dining."
"Oh, you did; well, and how do they all do at their house? How does
Charlotte do? I warrant you she is a fine size by this time."
"Mrs. Palmer appeared quite well, and I am commissioned to tell you, that
you will certainly see her to-morrow."
"Ay, to be sure, I thought as much. Well, Colonel, I have brought two young
ladies with me, you see--that is, you see but one of them now, but there is
another somewhere. Your friend, Miss Marianne, too--which you will not be
sorry to hear. I do not know what you and Mr. Willoughby will do between you
about her. Ay, it is a fine thing to be young and handsome. Well! I was young
once, but I never was very handsome--worse luck for me. However, I got a very
good husband, and I don't know what the greatest beauty can do more. Ah!
poor man! he has been dead these eight years and better. But Colonel, where
have you been to since we parted? And how does your business go on? Come,
come, let's have no secrets among friends."
He replied with his accustomary mildness to all her inquiries, but without
satisfying her in any. Elinor now began to make the tea, and Marianne was
obliged to appear again.%
After her entrance, Colonel Brandon became more thoughtful and silent than
he had been before, and Mrs. Jennings could not prevail on him to stay long. No
other visitor appeared that evening, and the ladies were unanimous in agreeing
to go early to bed.
Marianne rose the next morning with recovered spirits and happy looks. The
disappointment of the evening before seemed forgotten in the expectation of
what was to happen that day. They had not long finished their breakfast before
Mrs. Palmer's barouche stopped at the door, and in a few minutes she came
laughing into the room: so delighted to see them all, that it was hard to say

agreeing: (adj) concurring, concordant,
assentient, accordant, suitable,
harmonious, in accord, in agreement;
(n) assenting; (v) agree, accept.
ANTONYM: (adj) conflicting.
commissioned: (adj) accredited,
appointed, commissions, authorized,
licenced, specially made, vicarious,
licensed.
conjure: (v) invoke, entreat, arouse,
juggle, bewitch, beseech, bid, conjure
up, evoke, implore, bring up.
Thesaurus
mildness: (adj, n) gentleness, kindness,
benignity, compassion, goodness; (n)
lenity, mercy, meekness, leniency,
lenience, tenderness. ANTONYMS:
(n) roughness, pungency.
parted: (adj) divided, separate,
distributed, separated, divisible,
disunited, compounder, compound,
dividable.
secrets: (n) secrecy.
thoughtful: (adj, v) serious, solemn,
grave; (adj) kind, careful, pensive,
heedful, attentive, discreet, sensible,
courteous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
thoughtless, careless, heedless,
uncaring, unkind, tactless,
superficial, stupid, negligent, idiotic,
unthinking.
warrant: (n, v) permit, vouch, license,
assure, sanction, empower; (n)
authority, authorization, security; (v)
justify, ensure. ANTONYMS: (n)
break; (v) debar.
166 Sense and Sensibility

whether she received most pleasure from meeting her mother or the Miss
Dashwoods again. So surprised at their coming to town, though it was what she
had rather expected all along; so angry at their accepting her mother's invitation
after having declined her own, though at the same time she would never have
forgiven them if they had not come!
"Mr. Palmer will be so happy to see you," said she; "What do you think he
said when he heard of your coming with Mamma? I forget what it was now, but
it was something so droll!"
After an hour or two spent in what her mother called comfortable chat, or in
other words, in every variety of inquiry concerning all their acquaintance on
Mrs. Jennings's side, and in laughter without cause on Mrs. Palmer's, it was
proposed by the latter that they should all accompany her to some shops where
she had business that morning, to which Mrs. Jennings and Elinor readily
consented, as having likewise some purchases to make themselves; and
Marianne, though declining it at first was induced to go likewise.%
Wherever they went, she was evidently always on the watch. In Bond Street
especially, where much of their business lay, her eyes were in constant inquiry;
and in whatever shop the party were engaged, her mind was equally abstracted
from every thing actually before them, from all that interested and occupied the
others. Restless and dissatisfied every where, her sister could never obtain her
opinion of any article of purchase, however it might equally concern them both:
she received no pleasure from anything; was only impatient to be at home again,
and could with difficulty govern her vexation at the tediousness of Mrs. Palmer,
whose eye was caught by every thing pretty, expensive, or new; who was wild to
buy all, could determine on none, and dawdled away her time in rapture and
indecision.
It was late in the morning before they returned home; and no sooner had they
entered the house than Marianne flew eagerly up stairs, and when Elinor
followed, she found her turning from the table with a sorrowful countenance,
which declared that no Willoughby had been there.

abstracted: (adj) absentminded,
separate, absent-minded, abstract,
distrait, inattentive, pensive,
preoccupied, remote, lost, vacant.
ANTONYM: (adj) alert.
dissatisfied: (adj) discontent,
disgruntled, disappointed, put out,
displeased, malcontent, grumpy,
annoyed, disaffected; (adj, v)
querulous, complaining.
ANTONYMS: (adj) content,
contented, happy, fulfilled, gratified, indecision: (n) hesitation, irresolution,
Thesaurus
pleased, idealistic. uncertainty, indecisiveness,
govern: (n, v) direct, control, reign, hesitance, qualm, vacillation,
rule; (v) administer, dictate, hesitancy, dubiety, infirmity of
dominate, manage, check, bridle, purpose; (adj, n) suspense.
regulate. ANTONYM: (v) deregulate. ANTONYMS: (n) determination,
impatient: (adj) eager, anxious, resolve, resolution, confidence.
petulant, fidgety, vexed, keen, edgy, sorrowful: (adj) melancholy, doleful,
quick, avid, irritable, fretful. sad, rueful, lugubrious, gloomy,
ANTONYMS: (adj) patient, enduring, dreary, grievous, piteous, unhappy,
unenthusiastic, calm, happy, relaxed, mournful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
slow. cheerful, content, joyful, successful.
 Jane Austen 167

"Has no letter been left here for me since we went out?" said she to the
footman who then entered with the parcels. She was answered in the negative.
"Are you quite sure of it?" she replied. "Are you certain that no servant, no
porter has left any letter or note?"
The man replied that none had.%
"How very odd!" said she, in a low and disappointed voice, as she turned
away to the window.
"How odd, indeed!" repeated Elinor within herself, regarding her sister with
uneasiness. "If she had not known him to be in town she would not have written
to him, as she did; she would have written to Combe Magna; and if he is in town,
how odd that he should neither come nor write! Oh! my dear mother, you must
be wrong in permitting an engagement between a daughter so young, a man so
little known, to be carried on in so doubtful, so mysterious a manner! I long to
inquire; and how will my interference be borne."
She determined, after some consideration, that if appearances continued
many days longer as unpleasant as they now were, she would represent in the
strongest manner to her mother the necessity of some serious enquiry into the
affair.
Mrs. Palmer and two elderly ladies of Mrs. Jennings's intimate acquaintance,
whom she had met and invited in the morning, dined with them. The former left
them soon after tea to fulfill her evening engagements; and Elinor was obliged to
assist in making a whist table for the others. Marianne was of no use on these
occasions, as she would never learn the game; but though her time was therefore
at her own disposal, the evening was by no means more productive of pleasure
to her than to Elinor, for it was spent in all the anxiety of expectation and the
pain of disappointment. She sometimes endeavoured for a few minutes to read;
but the book was soon thrown aside, and she returned to the more interesting
employment of walking backwards and forwards across the room, pausing for a
moment whenever she came to the window, in hopes of distinguishing the long-
expected rap.

Thesaurus
appearances: (n) show, semblance, diffident, unsettled, unsure. parcels: (n) post, correspondence,
outlook, indicia. ANTONYMS: (adj) trusting, baggage, appurtenances, letters.
distinguishing: (adj) distinctive, convinced, reliable, confident, permitting: (adj) lenient, permitted.
identifying, typical, discriminating, persuaded, provable, sure, hopeful, porter: (n) doorkeeper, carrier,
specific, distinct, peculiar; (adv) promising, likely, indubitable. gatekeeper, doorman, caretaker,
distinguishingly; (adj, v) intimate: (adj, adv, v) close; (n, v) ostiary, commissionaire, redcap,
discriminative; (v) distinguish; (n) express, imply; (v) hint, indicate, labourer, conveyer, concierge.
hearing. ANTONYMS: (adj) common, allude, suggest; (adj) informal, inner, whist: (adj) quiet, noiseless; (n) long
typical. internal; (adj, v) confidential. whist, short whist, whisk, tut, tush,
doubtful: (adj) dubious, debatable, ANTONYMS: (adj) formal, cold, dummy whist, cards, card game; (v)
distrustful, questionable, queer, unfriendly, external, outermost, shut up.
suspicious, tentative, disputable, public, superficial.
 Jane Austen 169

CHAPTER 27

"If this open weather holds much longer," said Mrs. Jennings, when they met
at breakfast the following morning, "Sir John will not like leaving Barton next
week; 'tis a sad thing for sportsmen to lose a day's pleasure. Poor souls! I always
pity them when they do; they seem to take it so much to heart."%
"That is true," cried Marianne, in a cheerful voice, and walking to the window
as she spoke, to examine the day. "I had not thought of that. This weather will
keep many sportsmen in the country."
It was a lucky recollection, all her good spirits were restored by it. "It is
charming weather for them indeed," she continued, as she sat down to the
breakfast table with a happy countenance. "How much they must enjoy it! But"
(with a little return of anxiety) "it cannot be expected to last long. At this time of
the year, and after such a series of rain, we shall certainly have very little more of
it. Frosts will soon set in, and in all probability with severity. In another day or
two perhaps; this extreme mildness can hardly last longer--nay, perhaps it may
freeze tonight!"
"At any rate," said Elinor, wishing to prevent Mrs. Jennings from seeing her
sister's thoughts as clearly as she did, "I dare say we shall have Sir John and Lady
Middleton in town by the end of next week."
"Ay, my dear, I'll warrant you we do. Mary always has her own way."

Thesaurus
anxiety: (n) disquiet, trouble, fear, warm, dissolve, begin, soften. severity: (n) rigor, austerity,
care, alarm, anxiousness, uneasiness, pity: (n, v) compassion, ruth; (n) harshness, roughness, intensity,
worry, anguish, concern; (adj, n) mercy, commiseration, condolence, inclemency, asperity, gravity,
solicitude. ANTONYMS: (n) calm, sympathy, clemency, remorse; (v) hardness, tyranny, violence.
bravery, confidence, reassurance, sympathize, compassionate, feel ANTONYMS: (n) leniency,
security, relaxation, indifference, sorry for. ANTONYMS: (n) blame, pleasantness, flexibility, clemency,
serenity, tranquility, peace, cruelty, indifference, harshness, joy. softness, insignificance, warmth,
satisfaction. probability: (n) likelihood, chance, lenience, brightness.
freeze: (v) chill, cool, solidify, block, possibility, likeliness, opportunity, wishing: (n) wish, want, velleity,
harden, set; (n) frost, congelation; (n, expectation, eventuality, prospect, option, need, privation, lack,
v) arrest, stop; (adj) frozen. expectancy, contingency; (adj, n) deprivation, deficiency, choice; (adj)
ANTONYMS: (v) thaw, boil, unblock, odds. ANTONYM: (n) improbability. desirous.
170 Sense and Sensibility

"And now," silently conjectured Elinor, "she will write to Combe by this day's
post."
But if she did, the letter was written and sent away with a privacy which
eluded all her watchfulness to ascertain the fact. Whatever the truth of it might
be, and far as Elinor was from feeling thorough contentment about it, yet while
she saw Marianne in spirits, she could not be very uncomfortable herself. And
Marianne was in spirits; happy in the mildness of the weather, and still happier
in her expectation of a frost.%
The morning was chiefly spent in leaving cards at the houses of Mrs.
Jennings's acquaintance to inform them of her being in town; and Marianne was
all the time busy in observing the direction of the wind, watching the variations
of the sky and imagining an alteration in the air.
"Don't you find it colder than it was in the morning, Elinor? There seems to
me a very decided difference. I can hardly keep my hands warm even in my
muff. It was not so yesterday, I think. The clouds seem parting too, the sun will
be out in a moment, and we shall have a clear afternoon."
Elinor was alternately diverted and pained; but Marianne persevered, and
saw every night in the brightness of the fire, and every morning in the
appearance of the atmosphere, the certain symptoms of approaching frost.
The Miss Dashwoods had no greater reason to be dissatisfied with Mrs.
Jennings's style of living, and set of acquaintance, than with her behaviour to
themselves, which was invariably kind. Every thing in her household
arrangements was conducted on the most liberal plan, and excepting a few old
city friends, whom, to Lady Middleton's regret, she had never dropped, she
visited no one to whom an introduction could at all discompose the feelings of
her young companions. Pleased to find herself more comfortably situated in that
particular than she had expected, Elinor was very willing to compound for the
want of much real enjoyment from any of their evening parties, which, whether
at home or abroad, formed only for cards, could have little to amuse her.

amuse: (v) please, beguile, absorb,
entertain, enjoy, disport, distract,
delight, occupy, recreate, rejoice.
ANTONYMS: (v) bore, dull, tire,
annoy, anger, cloy, depress, weary,
disappoint.
brightness: (n) luminance, light, shine,
clarity, lustre, glow, glare, glitter,
luminosity; (n, v) illumination, gloss.
ANTONYMS: (n) cloudiness,
murkiness, dimness, darkness,
mistiness, softness, sadness,
Thesaurus
bleakness, dirtiness, pessimism; (adv)
seriously.
chiefly: (adv) principally, primarily,
above all, especially, headly, mostly,
largely, primely, predominantly; (adj,
adv) mainly, particularly.
ANTONYM: (adv) partially.
conducted: (adj) directed, guided.
diverted: (adj) abstracted, entertained,
pleased, inattentive, sidetracked,
unfocused, preoccupied.
excepting: (conj, prep) but, bar; (n, prep)
except for, exclusive of; (prep) aside
from, besides, apart from, barring,
excluding, with the exception of; (v)
saving. ANTONYM: (prep) including.
muff: (n, v) blunder, mollycoddle, slip;
(v) bungle, botch, miss, flub, muck
up, bobble, fail, spoil.
watchfulness: (n) care, caution,
alertness, heed, wariness, jealousy,
attentiveness, attention, solicitude,
concern, anxiety. ANTONYMS: (n)
recklessness, inattentiveness.
 Jane Austen 171

Colonel Brandon, who had a general invitation to the house, was with them
almost every day; he came to look at Marianne and talk to Elinor, who often
derived more satisfaction from conversing with him than from any other daily
occurrence, but who saw at the same time with much concern his continued
regard for her sister. She feared it was a strengthening regard. It grieved her to
see the earnestness with which he often watched Marianne, and his spirits were
certainly worse than when at Barton.%
About a week after their arrival, it became certain that Willoughby was also
arrived. His card was on the table when they came in from the morning's drive.
"Good God!" cried Marianne, "he has been here while we were out." Elinor,
rejoiced to be assured of his being in London, now ventured to say, "Depend
upon it, he will call again tomorrow." But Marianne seemed hardly to hear her,
and on Mrs. Jenning's entrance, escaped with the precious card.
This event, while it raised the spirits of Elinor, restored to those of her sister
all, and more than all, their former agitation. From this moment her mind was
never quiet; the expectation of seeing him every hour of the day, made her unfit
for any thing. She insisted on being left behind, the next morning, when the
others went out.
Elinor's thoughts were full of what might be passing in Berkeley Street
during their absence; but a moment's glance at her sister when they returned was
enough to inform her, that Willoughby had paid no second visit there. A note
was just then brought in, and laid on the table,
"For me!" cried Marianne, stepping hastily forward.
"No, ma'am, for my mistress."
But Marianne, not convinced, took it instantly up.
"It is indeed for Mrs. Jennings; how provoking!"
"You are expecting a letter, then?" said Elinor, unable to be longer silent.
"Yes, a little--not much."
After a short pause. "You have no confidence in me, Marianne."

Thesaurus
escaped: (adj) at large, at liberty, loose, occurrence: (n) case, event, occasion, consolidation, transformation,
on the loose, runaway, easy, wild; (n) accident, instance, circumstance, transmutation, reenforcement,
freer; (v) escaping. happening, contingency, affair, fact; reinforcing, intensification; (v)
expecting: (adj) pregnant, confident, (n, v) incident. strengthen; (adj) bracing.
with child, heavy, hopeful; (n) family pause: (n, v) halt, interruption, ANTONYM: (n) weakening.
way. adjournment, delay, respite, stop; unfit: (adj) inappropriate, improper,
grieved: (adj) sore, sad, sorry, (adj, n, v) rest; (n) intermission, gap; inapt, unbecoming, incompetent,
sorrowful, upset, woeful, pained, (adj, v) discontinue; (v) hesitate. unable, incapable, unsuitable, bad;
affected, brokenhearted. ANTONYMS: (n) decisiveness, (adj, v) incapacitate; (v) indispose.
inform: (v) acquaint, impart, advise, continuation, start; (v) proceed. ANTONYMS: (adj) appropriate,
enlighten, announce, tell, familiarize, strengthening: (n) fortification, suitable, ready, healthy, able, firm,
explain, advertise, apprise, warn. concentration, reinforcement, competent; (v) qualify.
172 Sense and Sensibility

"Nay, Elinor, this reproach from you--you who have confidence in no one!"
"Me!" returned Elinor in some confusion; "indeed, Marianne, I have nothing
to tell."
"Nor I," answered Marianne with energy, "our situations then are alike. We
have neither of us any thing to tell; you, because you do not communicate, and I,
because I conceal nothing."
Elinor, distressed by this charge of reserve in herself, which she was not at
liberty to do away, knew not how, under such circumstances, to press for greater
openness in Marianne.%
Mrs. Jennings soon appeared, and the note being given her, she read it aloud.
It was from Lady Middleton, announcing their arrival in Conduit Street the night
before, and requesting the company of her mother and cousins the following
evening. Business on Sir John's part, and a violent cold on her own, prevented
their calling in Berkeley Street. The invitation was accepted; but when the hour
of appointment drew near, necessary as it was in common civility to Mrs.
Jennings, that they should both attend her on such a visit, Elinor had some
difficulty in persuading her sister to go, for still she had seen nothing of
Willoughby; and therefore was not more indisposed for amusement abroad,
than unwilling to run the risk of his calling again in her absence.
Elinor found, when the evening was over, that disposition is not materially
altered by a change of abode, for although scarcely settled in town, Sir John had
contrived to collect around him, nearly twenty young people, and to amuse them
with a ball. This was an affair, however, of which Lady Middleton did not
approve. In the country, an unpremeditated dance was very allowable; but in
London, where the reputation of elegance was more important and less easily
attained, it was risking too much for the gratification of a few girls, to have it
known that Lady Middleton had given a small dance of eight or nine couple,
with two violins, and a mere side-board collation.
Mr. and Mrs. Palmer were of the party; from the former, whom they had not
seen before since their arrival in town, as he was careful to avoid the appearance

allowable: (adj, v) permissible; (adj)
justifiable, acceptable, lawful,
permitted, tolerable, bearable,
passable, sufferable, legal; (v)
allowed. ANTONYMS: (adj)
inexcusable, inadmissible,
intolerable.
collation: (n) snack, nosh, refreshment,
checking, bite, meal, banquet,
verification; (v) refection, junket,
picnic.
contrived: (adj) affected, unnatural,
Thesaurus
false, forced, labored, spurious, corporally, vitally, solidly,
feigned, unreal, strained, built, momentously, fundamentally.
artificially formal. ANTONYM: (adj) risking: (n) daily double, gaming,
sincere. perfecta, place bet, exacta.
indisposed: (adj) ill, ailing, loath, sick, unpremeditated: (adj) spontaneous,
averse, poorly, sickly, reluctant, unintentional, involuntary,
unwilling, unwell, diseased. impromptu, casual, offhand,
ANTONYMS: (adj) inclined, willing, impulsive, extemporaneous,
keen, disposed. unintended, unguarded,
materially: (adv) physically, unconscious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
substantially, corporeally, premeditated, intentional, prepared.
significantly, really, essentially,
 Jane Austen 173

of any attention to his mother-in-law, and therefore never came near her, they
received no mark of recognition on their entrance. He looked at them slightly,
without seeming to know who they were, and merely nodded to Mrs. Jennings
from the other side of the room. Marianne gave one glance round the apartment
as she entered: it was enough--he was not there--and she sat down, equally ill-
disposed to receive or communicate pleasure. After they had been assembled
about an hour, Mr. Palmer sauntered towards the Miss Dashwoods to express his
surprise on seeing them in town, though Colonel Brandon had been first
informed of their arrival at his house, and he had himself said something very
droll on hearing that they were to come.%
"I thought you were both in Devonshire," said he.
"Did you?" replied Elinor.
"When do you go back again?"
"I do not know." And thus ended their discourse.
Never had Marianne been so unwilling to dance in her life, as she was that
evening, and never so much fatigued by the exercise. She complained of it as
they returned to Berkeley Street.
"Aye, aye," said Mrs. Jennings, "we know the reason of all that very well; if a
certain person who shall be nameless, had been there, you would not have been a
bit tired: and to say the truth it was not very pretty of him not to give you the
meeting when he was invited."
"Invited!" cried Marianne.
"So my daughter Middleton told me, for it seems Sir John met him
somewhere in the street this morning." Marianne said no more, but looked
exceedingly hurt. Impatient in this situation to be doing something that might
lead to her sister's relief, Elinor resolved to write the next morning to her mother,
and hoped by awakening her fears for the health of Marianne, to procure those
inquiries which had been so long delayed; and she was still more eagerly bent
on this measure by perceiving after breakfast on the morrow, that Marianne was

apartment: (n) residence, lodging,
suite, place, dwelling, chamber,
room, abode, house, home,
accommodation.
awakening: (n) arousal, waking up,
revival, disenchantment,
awakenment, introduction,
provocation; (adj) arousing, moving,
animating; (v) awake. ANTONYM:
(n) suppression.
bent: (adj) curved, arched, deformed,
crooked; (n) propensity, inclination,
Thesaurus
fancy, leaning, flair, gift, curvature.
ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, inability,
aversion; (adj) undetermined,
undecided, uncurved, uncaring,
rigid, unbent.
communicate: (v) express, impart,
advertise, advise, carry, convey,
transmit, commune, apprise; (adj, v)
announce, intimate. ANTONYMS: (v)
excommunicate, conceal, suppress.
delayed: (adj) belated, tardy,
protracted, deferred, slow, retarded,
held up, backward, back, prolonged;
(adv) behind. ANTONYMS: (adj)
early, expedited, prompt.
morrow: (n) morning, future, mean
solar day, day.
resolved: (adj, v) resolute, firm, certain;
(adj) fixed, definite, set, decided,
conclusive, intent, solved, positive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) undecided,
flexible, irresolute, unconfirmed,
uncertain.
174 Sense and Sensibility

again writing to Willoughby, for she could not suppose it to be to any other
person.%
About the middle of the day, Mrs. Jennings went out by herself on business,
and Elinor began her letter directly, while Marianne, too restless for
employment, too anxious for conversation, walked from one window to the
other, or sat down by the fire in melancholy meditation. Elinor was very earnest
in her application to her mother, relating all that had passed, her suspicions of
Willoughby's inconstancy, urging her by every plea of duty and affection to
demand from Marianne an account of her real situation with respect to him.
Her letter was scarcely finished, when a rap foretold a visitor, and Colonel
Brandon was announced. Marianne, who had seen him from the window, and
who hated company of any kind, left the room before he entered it. He looked
more than usually grave, and though expressing satisfaction at finding Miss
Dashwood alone, as if he had somewhat in particular to tell her, sat for some
time without saying a word. Elinor, persuaded that he had some communication
to make in which her sister was concerned, impatiently expected its opening. It
was not the first time of her feeling the same kind of conviction; for, more than
once before, beginning with the observation of "your sister looks unwell to-day,"
or "your sister seems out of spirits," he had appeared on the point, either of
disclosing, or of inquiring, something particular about her. After a pause of
several minutes, their silence was broken, by his asking her in a voice of some
agitation, when he was to congratulate her on the acquisition of a brother?
Elinor was not prepared for such a question, and having no answer ready, was
obliged to adopt the simple and common expedient, of asking what he meant?
He tried to smile as he replied, "your sister's engagement to Mr. Willoughby is
very generally known."
"It cannot be generally known," returned Elinor, "for her own family do not
know it."
He looked surprised and said, "I beg your pardon, I am afraid my inquiry has
been impertinent; but I had not supposed any secrecy intended, as they openly
correspond, and their marriage is universally talked of."

Thesaurus
congratulate: (v) compliment, enthusiastically, edgily, fidgetily, turbulent, feverish; (adj, n) nervous,
felicitate, preen, pride, celebrate, restively. ANTONYMS: (adv) apprehensive; (adj, v) unquiet.
applaud, joy, salute, commemorate, uncomplainingly, calmly, ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, peaceful,
approve; (n) congratulation. unenthusiastically, lightly. lethargic, unbroken, still, contented.
ANTONYMS: (v) commiserate, slur, meditation: (n, v) contemplation, unwell: (adj) sick, ill, poorly, ailing,
disparage, belittle, condemn, boo. study; (n) consideration, reflection, sickly, unhealthy, seedy, bad,
disclosing: (n) confession, deliberation, thought, introspection, diseased, frail; (adj, v) indisposed.
communication. musing, rumination, conception, ANTONYMS: (adj) healthy, well, fit.
foretold: (adj) foreseen; (v) annunciate. reflexion. ANTONYM: (n) urging: (n) spur, encouragement,
impatiently: (adv) petulantly, distraction. prod, prodding, goad, advocacy,
restlessly, keenly, intolerantly, restless: (adj) fidgety, uneasy, spurring, goading, influence,
hastily, avidly, uneasily, impatient, restive, agitated, fretful, exhortation; (adj) driving.
 Jane Austen 175

"How can that be? By whom can you have heard it mentioned?"
"By many--by some of whom you know nothing, by others with whom you
are most intimate, Mrs. Jennings, Mrs. Palmer, and the Middletons. But still I
might not have believed it, for where the mind is perhaps rather unwilling to be
convinced, it will always find something to support its doubts, if I had not, when
the servant let me in today, accidentally seen a letter in his hand, directed to Mr.
Willoughby in your sister's writing. I came to inquire, but I was convinced
before I could ask the question. Is every thing finally settled? Is it impossible to-?
But I have no right, and I could have no chance of succeeding. Excuse me, Miss
Dashwood. I believe I have been wrong in saying so much, but I hardly know
what to do, and on your prudence I have the strongest dependence. Tell me that
it is all absolutely resolved on, that any attempt, that in short concealment, if
concealment be possible, is all that remains."
These words, which conveyed to Elinor a direct avowal of his love for her
sister, affected her very much. She was not immediately able to say anything,
and even when her spirits were recovered, she debated for a short time, on the
answer it would be most proper to give. The real state of things between
Willoughby and her sister was so little known to herself, that in endeavouring to
explain it, she might be as liable to say too much as too little. Yet as she was
convinced that Marianne's affection for Willoughby, could leave no hope of
Colonel Brandon's success, whatever the event of that affection might be, and at
the same time wished to shield her conduct from censure, she thought it most
prudent and kind, after some consideration, to say more than she really knew or
believed. She acknowledged, therefore, that though she had never been
informed by themselves of the terms on which they stood with each other, of
their mutual affection she had no doubt, and of their correspondence she was not
astonished to hear.%
He listened to her with silent attention, and on her ceasing to speak, rose
directly from his seat, and after saying in a voice of emotion, "to your sister I
wish all imaginable happiness; to Willoughby that he may endeavour to deserve
her,"--took leave, and went away.

dependence: (n) belief, confidence,
addiction, dependance, faith,
dependency, credence, hope,
subordination, trust; (adj)
contingency. ANTONYMS: (n)
abstinence, distrust.
deserve: (v) rate, warrant, gain, earn,
to deserve, demand, justify, bear; (n,
v) reward; (n) richly deserve, worth.
endeavour: (n) attempt, effort, pains,
trial, try, enterprise, striving,
contribution, braving; (v) exert,
Thesaurus
strive.
imaginable: (adj) conceivable,
possible, thinkable, plausible, earthly,
believable, credible, feasible,
immediate, likely, near.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unimaginable,
implausible.
recovered: (adj) cured, retrieved, well,
well again, healthier, aged,
improved, whole, better, corned.
ANTONYM: (adj) worse.
shield: (n, v) shelter, screen, cover,
guard, safeguard, buffer; (v)
preserve, secure, defend, hide; (n)
protection. ANTONYMS: (n) danger,
exposure; (v) endanger, attack,
reveal.
succeeding: (adj) following,
subsequent, after, consecutive,
posterior, ensuing, consequent,
successive, consequential; (adj, adv)
later; (v) succeed. ANTONYMS: (adj)
outgoing, preceding.
176 Sense and Sensibility

Elinor derived no comfortable feelings from this conversation, to lessen the

uneasiness of her mind on other points; she was left, on the contrary, with a
melancholy impression of Colonel Brandon's unhappiness, and was prevented
even from wishing it removed, by her anxiety for the very event that must
confirm it.%

comfortable: (adj, v) easy, snug; (adj)
pleased, pleasing, prosperous,
agreeable, pleasurable, congenial,
rich, enjoyable, homely.
ANTONYMS: (adj) poor, tense,
formal, unpleasant, unhappy,
unaccustomed, intimidating,
difficult, anxious, broke, destitute.
confirm: (v) corroborate, verify,
approve, validate, bear out, prove,
clinch, assert, demonstrate,
authenticate; (adj, v) establish.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (v) contradict, deny,
weaken, cancel, void, veto,
undermine, repudiate, question,
open, negate.
derived: (adj) secondary, calculated,
variant, resulting, resultant,
plagiaristic, imitative, derivate,
deliberate, copied, calculable.
lessen: (v) decrease, abate, fall,
decline, dwindle, assuage, allay,
alleviate; (adj, v) abridge, curtail,
contract. ANTONYMS: (v) increase,
exacerbate, intensify, raise, grow,
aggravate, accelerate, bolster,
worsen, strengthen, rise.
unhappiness: (n) sadness, misery,
melancholy, distress, grief, regret,
infelicity, woe, sorrowfulness,
depression, displeasure.
ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness,
pleasure, joy, elation, contentment,
satisfaction, cheer.
 Jane Austen 177

CHAPTER 28

Nothing occurred during the next three or four days, to make Elinor regret
what she had done, in applying to her mother; for Willoughby neither came nor
wrote. They were engaged about the end of that time to attend Lady Middleton
to a party, from which Mrs. Jennings was kept away by the indisposition of her
youngest daughter; and for this party, Marianne, wholly dispirited, careless of
her appearance, and seeming equally indifferent whether she went or staid,
prepared, without one look of hope or one expression of pleasure. She sat by the
drawing-room fire after tea, till the moment of Lady Middleton's arrival, without
once stirring from her seat, or altering her attitude, lost in her own thoughts, and
insensible of her sister's presence; and when at last they were told that Lady
Middleton waited for them at the door, she started as if she had forgotten that
any one was expected.%
They arrived in due time at the place of destination, and as soon as the string
of carriages before them would allow, alighted, ascended the stairs, heard their
names announced from one landing-place to another in an audible voice, and
entered a room splendidly lit up, quite full of company, and insufferably hot.
When they had paid their tribute of politeness by curtsying to the lady of the
house, they were permitted to mingle in the crowd, and take their share of the
heat and inconvenience, to which their arrival must necessarily add. After some
time spent in saying little or doing less, Lady Middleton sat down to Cassino,

altering: (n) castration, fixing,
interchange, neutering; (adj)
changing, alterant.
arrived: (adv) here, at home; (adj)
accepted.
dispirited: (adj) depressed,
disconsolate, downcast, discouraged, mingle: (v) compound, combine,
blue, crestfallen, dismal, down,
downhearted, disheartened,
melancholy. ANTONYMS: (adj)
cheerful, optimistic, euphoric,
enthused, heartened, happy,
Thesaurus
enthusiastic, positive. gorgeously, resplendently, superbly,
insufferably: (adv) hatefully, sumptuously, excellently, grandly.
hopelessly, agonizingly, ANTONYMS: (adv) badly, terribly,
disagreeably, dreadfully, unfeasibly, abysmally, modestly, simply,
trip, ridiculously, intolerably, meagerly.
impossibly, horrendously. stirring: (adj) lively, exciting, alive,
rousing, spirited, touching, thrilling,
merge, amalgamate, intermix, mix, active; (n) agitation; (v) eventful,
commingle, associate, confuse, join, brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj) depressing,
intermingle. ANTONYM: (v) part. boring, inactive, dull, conciliatory,
splendidly: (adv) gallantly, brilliantly, asleep, uninspiring, unimpressive; (n)
famously, beautifully, gloriously, suppression.
178 Sense and Sensibility

and as Marianne was not in spirits for moving about, she and Elinor luckily
succeeding to chairs, placed themselves at no great distance from the table.%
They had not remained in this manner long, before Elinor perceived
Willoughby, standing within a few yards of them, in earnest conversation with a
very fashionable looking young woman. She soon caught his eye, and he
immediately bowed, but without attempting to speak to her, or to approach
Marianne, though he could not but see her; and then continued his discourse
with the same lady. Elinor turned involuntarily to Marianne, to see whether it
could be unobserved by her. At that moment she first perceived him, and her
whole countenance glowing with sudden delight, she would have moved
towards him instantly, had not her sister caught hold of her.
"Good heavens!" she exclaimed, "he is there--he is there--Oh! why does he not
look at me? why cannot I speak to him?"
"Pray, pray be composed," cried Elinor, "and do not betray what you feel to
every body present. Perhaps he has not observed you yet."
This however was more than she could believe herself; and to be composed at
such a moment was not only beyond the reach of Marianne, it was beyond her
wish. She sat in an agony of impatience which affected every feature.
At last he turned round again, and regarded them both; she started up, and
pronouncing his name in a tone of affection, held out her hand to him. He
approached, and addressing himself rather to Elinor than Marianne, as if wishing
to avoid her eye, and determined not to observe her attitude, inquired in a
hurried manner after Mrs. Dashwood, and asked how long they had been in
town. Elinor was robbed of all presence of mind by such an address, and was
unable to say a word. But the feelings of her sister were instantly expressed. Her
face was crimsoned over, and she exclaimed, in a voice of the greatest emotion,
"Good God! Willoughby, what is the meaning of this? Have you not received my
letters? Will you not shake hands with me?"
He could not then avoid it, but her touch seemed painful to him, and he held
her hand only for a moment. During all this time he was evidently struggling for

betray: (v) deceive, bewray, sell, grass,
dupe, reveal, mislead, disclose,
accuse, befool, bamboozle.
ANTONYMS: (v) protect, undeceive,
hide, defend, withhold.
chairs: (n) seats.
glowing: (adj, n) enthusiastic, cordial,
passionate; (adj) burning, fervent,
blazing, flaming, fiery, dazzling; (adj,
v) warm; (adj, adv) aglow.
ANTONYMS: (adj) pale, wan,
unhappy, unenthusiastic, derogatory,
Thesaurus
dispassionate, unwell. unwillingly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
impatience: (n) annoyance, eagerness, voluntarily, consciously, willingly,
anger, intolerance, restlessness, purposely.
fidget, nervousness, fidgetiness, regarded: (adj) reputed.
enthusiasm, edginess; (adj) robbed: (adj) plundered, rubato,
nonendurance. ANTONYMS: (n) fleeced, borrowed, bereft.
calmness, endurance, apathy. unobserved: (adj, v) unseen; (v)
involuntarily: (adv) unconsciously, unheeded, unregarded, unthought of,
unintentionally, inadvertently, unperceived; (adj) ignored, not
automatically, forcedly, noticed, hidden, unmarked, unnoted;
mechanically, unthinkingly, (adv) secretly. ANTONYM: (adj)
reluctantly, accidentally, automaticly, evident.
 Jane Austen 179

composure. Elinor watched his countenance and saw its expression becoming
more tranquil. After a moment's pause, he spoke with calmness.%
"I did myself the honour of calling in Berkeley Street last Tuesday, and very
much regretted that I was not fortunate enough to find yourselves and Mrs.
Jennings at home. My card was not lost, I hope."
"But have you not received my notes?" cried Marianne in the wildest anxiety.
"Here is some mistake I am sure--some dreadful mistake. What can be the
meaning of it? Tell me, Willoughby; for heaven's sake tell me, what is the
matter?"
He made no reply; his complexion changed and all his embarrassment
returned; but as if, on catching the eye of the young lady with whom he had been
previously talking, he felt the necessity of instant exertion, he recovered himself
again, and after saying, "Yes, I had the pleasure of receiving the information of
your arrival in town, which you were so good as to send me," turned hastily
away with a slight bow and joined his friend.
Marianne, now looking dreadfully white, and unable to stand, sunk into her
chair, and Elinor, expecting every moment to see her faint, tried to screen her
from the observation of others, while reviving her with lavender water.
"Go to him, Elinor," she cried, as soon as she could speak, "and force him to
come to me. Tell him I must see him again--must speak to him instantly.-- I
cannot rest--I shall not have a moment's peace till this is explained--some
dreadful misapprehension or other.-- Oh go to him this moment."
"How can that be done? No, my dearest Marianne, you must wait. This is not
the place for explanations. Wait only till tomorrow."
With difficulty however could she prevent her from following him herself;
and to persuade her to check her agitation, to wait, at least, with the appearance
of composure, till she might speak to him with more privacy and more effect,
was impossible; for Marianne continued incessantly to give way in a low voice
to the misery of her feelings, by exclamations of wretchedness. In a short time
Elinor saw Willoughby quit the room by the door towards the staircase, and

dreadfully: (adj, adv) frightfully,
shockingly; (adv) fearfully,
appallingly, hideously, horrendously,
horribly, atrociously, ghastly,
tremendously, horridly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) pleasantly,
wonderfully, happily, hardly,
superbly, well.
incessantly: (adv) constantly,
endlessly, continually, perpetually,
continuously, unceasingly, eternally,
persistently, unremittingly,
Thesaurus
unendingly, steadily. ANTONYMS: sake: (n, v) interest, reason, motive,
(adv) sporadically, briefly. ground; (v) advantage, cause; (n)
lavender: (adj) lilac, purple, puce, light object, account, design, purpose, saki.
purple, pale purple, indigo, tranquil: (adj, v) quiet, unruffled,
chromatic; (adj, n) violet, amethyst; smooth; (adj, n) peaceful; (adj) placid,
(n) shrub, genus Lavandula. still, serene, sedate, collected,
reviving: (adj) bracing, restorative, composed, equable. ANTONYMS:
renewing, refreshing, revival, brisk, (adj) noisy, tense, agitated, anxious,
enlivening, recuperative, troubled, bustling, loud, perturbed,
reanimating, promoting frenetic, moving, bothered.
recuperation, giving life. yourselves: (pron) themselves, myself,
ANTONYM: (adj) soothing. herself.
180 Sense and Sensibility

telling Marianne that he was gone, urged the impossibility of speaking to him
again that evening, as a fresh argument for her to be calm. She instantly begged
her sister would entreat Lady Middleton to take them home, as she was too
miserable to stay a minute longer.%
Lady Middleton, though in the middle of a rubber, on being informed that
Marianne was unwell, was too polite to object for a moment to her wish of going
away, and making over her cards to a friend, they departed as soon the carriage
could be found. Scarcely a word was spoken during their return to Berkeley
Street. Marianne was in a silent agony, too much oppressed even for tears; but as
Mrs. Jennings was luckily not come home, they could go directly to their own
room, where hartshorn restored her a little to herself. She was soon undressed
and in bed, and as she seemed desirous of being alone, her sister then left her,
and while she waited the return of Mrs. Jennings, had leisure enough for
thinking over the past.
That some kind of engagement had subsisted between Willoughby and
Marianne she could not doubt, and that Willoughby was weary of it, seemed
equally clear; for however Marianne might still feed her own wishes, she could
not attribute such behaviour to mistake or misapprehension of any kind.
Nothing but a thorough change of sentiment could account for it. Her
indignation would have been still stronger than it was, had she not witnessed
that embarrassment which seemed to speak a consciousness of his own
misconduct, and prevented her from believing him so unprincipled as to have
been sporting with the affections of her sister from the first, without any design
that would bear investigation. Absence might have weakened his regard, and
convenience might have determined him to overcome it, but that such a regard
had formerly existed she could not bring herself to doubt.
As for Marianne, on the pangs which so unhappy a meeting must already
have given her, and on those still more severe which might await her in its
probable consequence, she could not reflect without the deepest concern. Her
own situation gained in the comparison; for while she could esteem Edward as
much as ever, however they might be divided in future, her mind might be

deepest: (adj) inmost, center, cordial,
earnest, genuine, hearty, warm,
sincere, innermost. ANTONYM: (adj)
outermost.
entreat: (v) beg, beseech, ask, implore,
pray, adjure, appeal, request, conjure,
crave, bid. ANTONYMS: (v) demand,
reject.
impossibility: (n) impossibleness,
option, nonexistence, absurdity,
inability, impracticability, alternative,
choice, contradiction, contradiction in
Thesaurus
terms, doubtfulness. ANTONYMS:
(n) possibility, probability.
misconduct: (n) misdeed, crime,
wrongdoing, wrong, fault,
misdemeanor, malpractice; (adj, v)
mismanage; (v) mishandle,
misbehave; (n, v) sin.
oppressed: (adj) laden, persecuted,
broken, burdened, drawn, gloomy,
aggrieved, downcast, heavy, ladened,
loaded.
pangs: (n) anguish, compunction,
contrition, distress.
undressed: (adj) naked, unclad,
unclothed, bare, raw, stripped,
unattired, unappareled, crude, rough,
disrobed. ANTONYMS: (adj)
covered, decent.
unprincipled: (adj) abandoned,
unscrupulous, depraved, dishonest,
unethical, profligate, dissolute,
shameless, unconscionable, vicious,
immoral. ANTONYMS: (adj) ethical,
moral, honest, professional.
 Jane Austen 181

always supported. But every circumstance that could embitter such an evil
seemed uniting to heighten the misery of Marianne in a final separation from
Willoughby--in an immediate and irreconcilable rupture with him.%

embitter: (v) acerbate, aggravate,
anger, deteriorate, exasperate,
exacerbate, sour, envenom, inflame,
enrage, embittering. ANTONYMS:
(v) comfort, pacify, enhance.
heighten: (v) amplify, enlarge,
aggravate, raise, deepen, elevate,
boost, grow, expand, compound,
advance. ANTONYMS: (v) alleviate,
damage, decrease, improve, lessen.
irreconcilable: (adj, n) inconsistent,
incongruous, discordant, contrary,
Thesaurus
dissonant; (adj, v) incompatible, rupture: (n, v) fracture, crack, tear,
hostile, repugnant; (adj) implacable, split, burst; (n) rift, rent, hernia,
unreconcilable; (v) antagonistic. interruption, breach, breakage.
ANTONYMS: (adj) reconcilable, ANTONYMS: (n) repair, unity; (n, v)
recoverable, compatible. mend.
misery: (adj, n) grief; (n, v) distress; (n) supported: (adj) sustained, backed,
affliction, agony, anguish, woe, bolstered, based; (v) borne, carried,
hardship, evil, ill, infelicity, suffering. conveyed, supporting; (adv) on.
ANTONYMS: (n) joy, ecstasy, uniting: (adj) concurrent, united,
cheerfulness, fun, hopefulness, peace, coincident; (n) unification, reunion,
contentment, pleasure, wealth, sport, fusion, merger, coalescence,
cheer. amalgamation, conglutination, join.
 Jane Austen 183

CHAPTER 29

Before the house-maid had lit their fire the next day, or the sun gained any
power over a cold, gloomy morning in January, Marianne, only half dressed, was
kneeling against one of the window-seats for the sake of all the little light she
could command from it, and writing as fast as a continual flow of tears would
permit her. In this situation, Elinor, roused from sleep by her agitation and sobs,
first perceived her; and after observing her for a few moments with silent
anxiety, said, in a tone of the most considerate gentleness,
"Marianne, may I ask-?"
"No, Elinor," she replied, "ask nothing; you will soon know all."
The sort of desperate calmness with which this was said, lasted no longer
than while she spoke, and was immediately followed by a return of the same
excessive affliction. It was some minutes before she could go on with her letter,
and the frequent bursts of grief which still obliged her, at intervals, to withhold
her pen, were proofs enough of her feeling how more than probable it was that
she was writing for the last time to Willoughby.%
Elinor paid her every quiet and unobtrusive attention in her power; and she
would have tried to sooth and tranquilize her still more, had not Marianne
entreated her, with all the eagerness of the most nervous irritability, not to speak
to her for the world. In such circumstances, it was better for both that they

considerate: (adj, n) thoughtful,
benevolent, nice, gentle, sympathetic,
humane; (adj) magnanimous, kind,
polite, delicate, discreet.
ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring,
thoughtless, tactless, inconsiderate,
selfish, rude, unkind, unforgiving,
offhand, disrespectful,
unsympathetic.
gentleness: (adj, n) kindness, courtesy,
benignity, compassion; (n) kindliness,
lenity, mildness, sweetness, softness,
Thesaurus
benevolence, mercy. ANTONYMS:
(n) severity, harshness, fierceness,
cruelty, ferocity, brusqueness,
abruptness, rage, callousness,
sharpness, roughness.
irritability: (n) irascibility, tetchiness,
choler, touchiness, temper, anger,
irritation, peevishness, pettishness,
testiness; (adj, n) petulance.
ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness,
equanimity, cheeriness.
kneeling: (n) homage, kowtow,
kneelingly, prostration, genuflexion,
genuflection, curtsy, courtesy,
obeisance.
sooth: (n) verity, soothsaying, fact,
truth, reality.
tranquilize: (adj, n, v) allay, assuage,
mitigate; (n, v) appease, quiet, calm;
(adj, v) soothe, compose, mollify; (v)
still, lull. ANTONYMS: (v) stimulate,
incite, upset.
184 Sense and Sensibility

should not be long together; and the restless state of Marianne's mind not only
prevented her from remaining in the room a moment after she was dressed, but
requiring at once solitude and continual change of place, made her wander
about the house till breakfast time, avoiding the sight of every body.%
At breakfast she neither ate, nor attempted to eat any thing; and Elinor's
attention was then all employed, not in urging her, not in pitying her, nor in
appearing to regard her, but in endeavouring to engage Mrs. Jenning's notice
entirely to herself.
As this was a favourite meal with Mrs. Jennings, it lasted a considerable time,
and they were just setting themselves, after it, round the common working table,
when a letter was delivered to Marianne, which she eagerly caught from the
servant, and, turning of a death-like paleness, instantly ran out of the room.
Elinor, who saw as plainly by this, as if she had seen the direction, that it must
come from Willoughby, felt immediately such a sickness at heart as made her
hardly able to hold up her head, and sat in such a general tremour as made her
fear it impossible to escape Mrs. Jenning's notice. That good lady, however, saw
only that Marianne had received a letter from Willoughby, which appeared to
her a very good joke, and which she treated accordingly, by hoping, with a
laugh, that she would find it to her liking. Of Elinor's distress, she was too
busily employed in measuring lengths of worsted for her rug, to see any thing at
all; and calmly continuing her talk, as soon as Marianne disappeared, she said,
"Upon my word, I never saw a young woman so desperately in love in my
life! my girls were nothing to her, and yet they used to be foolish enough; but as
for Miss Marianne, she is quite an altered creature. I hope, from the bottom of my
heart, he won't keep her waiting much longer, for it is quite grievous to see her
look so ill and forlorn. Pray, when are they to be married?"
Elinor, though never less disposed to speak than at that moment, obliged
herself to answer such an attack as this, and, therefore, trying to smile, replied,
"And have you really, Ma'am, talked yourself into a persuasion of my sister's
being engaged to Mr. Willoughby? I thought it had been only a joke, but so
serious a question seems to imply more; and I must beg, therefore, that you will

avoiding: (n) shunning; (adj) fugitive,
antisocial.
grievous: (adj) bitter, dolorous,
dreadful, deplorable, sad, tough,
pitiful, atrocious, regrettable,
sorrowful, sorry. ANTONYM: (adj)
successful.
liking: (n, v) inclination; (n) fancy,
appetite, taste, fondness, predilection,
affection, partiality, admiration,
approval, appreciation.
ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, aversion,
Thesaurus
hatred, indifference, detachment, seclusion, privacy, aloneness,
dissatisfaction, antipathy. isolation, retirement, lonesomeness,
paleness: (adj, n) pallor; (n) pallidness, retreat, desert, solitariness.
wanness, whiteness, achromasia, ANTONYMS: (n) companionship,
blondness, lividity, luridness, closeness.
lividness, fairness, pale. ANTONYM: wander: (n, v) stroll, saunter, tramp,
(n) strength. drift; (v) stray, digress, err, travel,
pitying: (adj) sympathetic, merciful, roam, deviate; (adj, v) rave.
pity, pityingly, gloomy, meritless, ANTONYMS: (v) settle, stay, think,
pitiful, sorry, sorry for, humane, converge.
dreary. worsted: (adj) disappointed; (n) fabric,
solitude: (n) desolation, loneliness, knitting worsted, cloth.
 Jane Austen 185

not deceive yourself any longer. I do assure you that nothing would surprise me
more than to hear of their being going to be married."%
"For shame, for shame, Miss Dashwood! how can you talk so? Don't we all
know that it must be a match, that they were over head and ears in love with
each other from the first moment they met? Did not I see them together in
Devonshire every day, and all day long; and did not I know that your sister came
to town with me on purpose to buy wedding clothes? Come, come, this won't
do. Because you are so sly about it yourself, you think nobody else has any
senses; but it is no such thing, I can tell you, for it has been known all over town
this ever so long. I tell every body of it and so does Charlotte."
"Indeed, Ma'am," said Elinor, very seriously, "you are mistaken. Indeed, you
are doing a very unkind thing in spreading the report, and you will find that
you have though you will not believe me now."
Mrs. Jennings laughed again, but Elinor had not spirits to say more, and
eager at all events to know what Willoughby had written, hurried away to their
room, where, on opening the door, she saw Marianne stretched on the bed,
almost choked by grief, one letter in her hand, and two or three others laying by
her. Elinor drew near, but without saying a word; and seating herself on the bed,
took her hand, kissed her affectionately several times, and then gave way to a
burst of tears, which at first was scarcely less violent than Marianne's. The latter,
though unable to speak, seemed to feel all the tenderness of this behaviour, and
after some time thus spent in joint affliction, she put all the letters into Elinor's
hands; and then covering her face with her handkerchief, almost screamed with
agony. Elinor, who knew that such grief, shocking as it was to witness it, must
have its course, watched by her till this excess of suffering had somewhat spent
itself, and then turning eagerly to Willoughby's letter, read as follows:

"Bond Street, January.

"MY DEAR MADAM,
"I have just had the honour of receiving your letter, for which I beg to
return my sincere acknowledgments. I am much concerned to find there
Thesaurus
agony: (n) torture, suffering, torment, cursory, precipitate, prompt. spreading: (n) dissemination,
distress, misery, passion, pain, grief, ANTONYMS: (adj) unhurried, propagation, dispersion, circulation,
pang, sorrow, throe. ANTONYMS: leisurely, considered, patient, spread, dispersal, extension, scatter,
(n) pleasure, joy, euphoria, bliss, meticulous, thorough. distribution; (adj) scattering,
happiness, ecstasy, peace, content. laying: (n) egg laying, placing, diffusing.
choked: (adj) clogged, smothered, parturition, place, repose, setting, unkind: (adj) cruel, harsh, unfeeling,
congested, annoyed, high-strung, put, position, lay, oyster park, inconsiderate, pitiless, heartless,
strained, neurotic, tense, angry, oviposition. inhuman, hard, thoughtless, brutal,
anxious, insecure. senses: (adj) sober senses, sound mind; mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) kind,
ears: (n) antenna. (n) reason, mind, conception, considerate, pleasant, friendly,
hurried: (adj) fast, sudden, speedy, consciousness, judgment, faculties, thoughtful, tactful, mild, gentle,
rapid, quick, swift, headlong, abrupt, mother wit, right mind, sanity. generous, flattering, compassionate.
186 Sense and Sensibility

was anything in my behaviour last night that did not meet your
approbation; and though I am quite at a loss to discover in what point I
could be so unfortunate as to offend you, I entreat your forgiveness of
what I can assure you to have been perfectly unintentional. I shall never
reflect on my former acquaintance with your family in Devonshire
without the most grateful pleasure, and flatter myself it will not be
broken by any mistake or misapprehension of my actions. My esteem
for your whole family is very sincere; but if I have been so unfortunate as
to give rise to a belief of more than I felt, or meant to express, I shall
reproach myself for not having been more guarded in my professions of
that esteem. That I should ever have meant more you will allow to be
impossible, when you understand that my affections have been long
engaged elsewhere, and it will not be many weeks, I believe, before this
engagement is fulfilled. It is with great regret that I obey your
commands in returning the letters with which I have been honoured
from you, and the lock of hair, which you so obligingly bestowed on
me.%
"I am, dear Madam,
"Your most obedient
"humble servant,
"JOHN WILLOUGHBY."

With what indignation such a letter as this must be read by Miss Dashwood, may
be imagined. Though aware, before she began it, that it must bring a confession
of his inconstancy, and confirm their separation for ever, she was not aware that
such language could be suffered to announce it; nor could she have supposed
Willoughby capable of departing so far from the appearance of every honourable
and delicate feeling--so far from the common decorum of a gentleman, as to send
a letter so impudently cruel: a letter which, instead of bringing with his desire of
a release any professions of regret, acknowledged no breach of faith, denied all
peculiar affection whatever-- a letter of which every line was an insult, and
which proclaimed its writer to be deep in hardened villainy.
Thesaurus
departing: (adj, v) parting; (adj, n) acquiescent, dutiful, meek, biddable, indictive, declared publicly.
leaving, going away; (adj) outgoing, amenable, subservient. ANTONYMS: suffered: (adj) permitted, permissive.
outbound, outward, passing, (adj) defiant, assertive, rebellious, unintentional: (adj) unconscious,
decedent, valedictory, retiring; (v) crooked, intractable, naughty, wild, undesigned, inadvertent,
depart. ANTONYM: (n) arrival. resistant. unintended, unwitting, coincidental,
impudently: (adv) saucily, rudely, obligingly: (adv) accommodatingly, accidental, chance, spontaneous,
pertly, audaciously, boldly, attentively, courteously, kindly, unthinking, fortuitous. ANTONYMS:
insolently, brazenly, thoughtfully, gentlely, cooperatively, (adj) intentional, planned, designed,
presumptuously, daringly, cheekily, helpfully, benignly, goodly, intended, voluntary, conscious.
freshly. pleasantly. ANTONYM: (adv) villainy: (n) evil, infamy, crime,
obedient: (adj) submissive, compliant, uncooperatively. villany, misdeed, baseness, enormity,
good, conformable, tame, proclaimed: (adj) announced, atrocity, evildoing, evilness, injustice.
 Jane Austen 187

She paused over it for some time with indignant astonishment; then read it
again and again; but every perusal only served to increase her abhorrence of the
man, and so bitter were her feelings against him, that she dared not trust herself
to speak, lest she might wound Marianne still deeper by treating their
disengagement, not as a loss to her of any possible good but as an escape from
the worst and most irremediable of all evils, a connection, for life, with an
unprincipled man, as a deliverance the most real, a blessing the most important.%
In her earnest meditations on the contents of the letter, on the depravity of
that mind which could dictate it, and probably, on the very different mind of a
very different person, who had no other connection whatever with the affair than
what her heart gave him with every thing that passed, Elinor forgot the
immediate distress of her sister, forgot that she had three letters on her lap yet
unread, and so entirely forgot how long she had been in the room, that when on
hearing a carriage drive up to the door, she went to the window to see who could
be coming so unreasonably early, she was all astonishment to perceive Mrs.
Jennings's chariot, which she knew had not been ordered till one. Determined
not to quit Marianne, though hopeless of contributing, at present, to her ease, she
hurried away to excuse herself from attending Mrs. Jennings, on account of her
sister being indisposed. Mrs. Jennings, with a thoroughly good-humoured
concern for its cause, admitted the excuse most readily, and Elinor, after seeing
her safe off, returned to Marianne, whom she found attempting to rise from the
bed, and whom she reached just in time to prevent her from falling on the floor,
faint and giddy from a long want of proper rest and food; for it was many days
since she had any appetite, and many nights since she had really slept; and now,
when her mind was no longer supported by the fever of suspense, the
consequence of all this was felt in an aching head, a weakened stomach, and a
general nervous faintness. A glass of wine, which Elinor procured for her
directly, made her more comfortable, and she was at last able to express some
sense of her kindness, by saying,
"Poor Elinor! how unhappy I make you!"

depravity: (n) corruption, evil,
degeneracy, depravation,
debauchery, degeneration,
degradation, wickedness, vice,
turpitude; (adj) demoralization.
ANTONYMS: (n) honor, justice,
morality, nobility, purity, restraint,
uprightness, virtue, righteousness,
decency, goodness.
disengagement: (n) disconnection,
separation, withdrawal,
disentanglement, disjunction,
Thesaurus
liberation, extrication, disassociation, irrevocable, hopeless, irredeemable,
freedom, retreat, enlargement. irreclaimable, remediless, beyond
ANTONYM: (n) connection. repair, desperate, cureless.
faintness: (n) weakness, debility, ANTONYMS: (adj) remediable,
indistinctness, languor, fuzziness, superficial, temporary.
blurriness, fogginess, dullness, perusal: (n) examination, scrutiny,
ambiguity, lassitude, infirmity. study, survey, inspection, poring
ANTONYMS: (n) acuteness, strength, over, studying, literary scholarship,
harshness, clearness, loudness, perusing, lection, look.
clarity. unread: (adj) illiterate, unlearned,
irremediable: (adj) incurable, unlettered, uninformed, ignorant,
irrecoverable, irretrievable, unbookish, dark.
188 Sense and Sensibility

"I only wish," replied her sister, "there were any thing I could do, which might
be of comfort to you."
This, as every thing else would have been, was too much for Marianne, who
could only exclaim, in the anguish of her heart, "Oh! Elinor, I am miserable,
indeed," before her voice was entirely lost in sobs.%
Elinor could no longer witness this torrent of unresisted grief in silence.
"Exert yourself, dear Marianne," she cried, "if you would not kill yourself and
all who love you. Think of your mother; think of her misery while you suffer: for
her sake you must exert yourself."
"I cannot, I cannot," cried Marianne; "leave me, leave me, if I distress you;
leave me, hate me, forget me! but do not torture me so. Oh! how easy for those,
who have no sorrow of their own to talk of exertion! Happy, happy Elinor, you
cannot have an idea of what I suffer."
"Do you call me happy, Marianne? Ah! if you knew!--And can you believe
me to be so, while I see you so wretched!"
"Forgive me, forgive me," throwing her arms round her sister's neck; "I know
you feel for me; I know what a heart you have; but yet you are--you must be
happy; Edward loves you--what, oh what, can do away such happiness as that?"
"Many, many circumstances," said Elinor, solemnly.
"No, no, no," cried Marianne wildly, "he loves you, and only you. You can
have no grief."
"I can have no pleasure while I see you in this state."
"And you will never see me otherwise. Mine is a misery which nothing can
do away."
"You must not talk so, Marianne. Have you no comforts? no friends? Is your
loss such as leaves no opening for consolation? Much as you suffer now, think of
what you would have suffered if the discovery of his character had been delayed
to a later period-- if your engagement had been carried on for months and
months, as it might have been, before he chose to put an end to it. Every

Thesaurus
anguish: (n, v) pain, ache; (n) torment, solemnly: (adv) earnestly, gravely, afflict; (n) agony, anguish, suffering,
agony, torture, distress, misery, majestically, stately, sternly, staidly, excruciation, grief; (v) rack,
suffering, despair, grief, sorrow. thoughtfully, soberly, formally, excruciate. ANTONYMS: (n) relief,
ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, ceremoniously, importantly. alleviation, content, ecstasy, joy,
happiness, calm, euphoria, ANTONYMS: (adv) cheerfully, pleasure; (v) relieve, alleviate.
joyfulness, ecstasy, content, peace, flippantly. wildly: (adj, adv) madly,
hopefulness. torrent: (n) flood, cloudburst, extravagantly; (adv) savagely,
comforts: (n) amenities, bread and overflow, stream, downpour, rain, fiercely, violently, frantically,
butter, convenience, conveniences. shower, soaker, inundation; (adj, n) brutally, furiously, tempestuously,
exclaim: (v) call out, call, shout, cry volley, eruption. ANTONYMS: (n) viciously, crazily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
out, ejaculate, clamor, outcry, scream, drought, trickle, shower. quietly, peacefully, meekly,
shout out, speak, vociferate. torture: (n, v) pain, distress, agonize, cautiously, gently.
 Jane Austen 189

additional day of unhappy confidence, on your side, would have made the blow
more dreadful."
"Engagement!" cried Marianne, "there has been no engagement."
"No engagement!"
"No, he is not so unworthy as you believe him. He has broken no faith with
me."
"But he told you that he loved you."
"Yes--no--never absolutely. It was every day implied, but never professedly
declared. Sometimes I thought it had been--but it never was."
"Yet you wrote to him?"--
"Yes--could that be wrong after all that had passed?-- But I cannot talk."
Elinor said no more, and turning again to the three letters which now raised a
much stronger curiosity than before, directly ran over the contents of all. The
first, which was what her sister had sent him on their arrival in town, was to this
effect.%

Berkeley Street, January.

"How surprised you will be, Willoughby, on receiving this; and I think
you will feel something more than surprise, when you know that I am in
town. An opportunity of coming hither, though with Mrs. Jennings, was
a temptation we could not resist. I wish you may receive this in time to
come here to-night, but I will not depend on it. At any rate I shall expect
you to-morrow. For the present, adieu.
"M.D."

Her second note, which had been written on the morning after the dance at the
Middletons', was in these words:--

Thesaurus
adieu: (int, n) farewell; (n) vale, acceptance, taking, adoption, invitation, seduction, inducement,
valediction, goodbye, leave, cheerio, recipiency; (v) receive; (adj) received, allure, appeal, pull. ANTONYMS: (n)
adios, bye, so long, parting; (int) bon accepting, admitting, recipient. dislike, discouragement.
voyage. ANTONYM: (n) greeting. ANTONYM: (n) rejection. unhappy: (adj) gloomy, dismal,
hither: (adv) here, whither, resist: (n, v) oppose, confront; (v) rebel, depressed, melancholy, sad,
hitherward, thither. defy, revolt, endure, reject, protest, miserable, sorrowful, distressed,
implied: (adj) understood, tacit, refuse, impede, fight back. disconsolate, infelicitous, low.
indirect, oblique, silent, inferential, ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, yield, ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, cheerful,
inherent, ulterior, latent, involved, assent, agree, suppress, favor, accept, satisfied, pleased, glad, euphoric,
contained. ANTONYMS: (adj) direct, attract, obey, welcome. fortunate, contented, joyful, timely,
explicit, overt. temptation: (n, v) lure, enticement, lucky.
receiving: (n) getting, reception, bait; (n) attraction, allurement,
190 Sense and Sensibility

"I cannot express my disappointment in having missed you the day

before yesterday, nor my astonishment at not having received any
answer to a note which I sent you above a week ago. I have been
expecting to hear from you, and still more to see you, every hour of the
day. Pray call again as soon as possible, and explain the reason of my
having expected this in vain. You had better come earlier another time,
because we are generally out by one. We were last night at Lady
Middleton's, where there was a dance. I have been told that you were
asked to be of the party. But could it be so? You must be very much
altered indeed since we parted, if that could be the case, and you not
there. But I will not suppose this possible, and I hope very soon to
receive your personal assurance of its being otherwise.%
"M.D."
The contents of her last note to him were these:--

"What am I to imagine, Willoughby, by your behaviour last night?

Again I demand an explanation of it. I was prepared to meet you with
the pleasure which our separation naturally produced, with the
familiarity which our intimacy at Barton appeared to me to justify. I was
repulsed indeed! I have passed a wretched night in endeavouring to
excuse a conduct which can scarcely be called less than insulting; but
though I have not yet been able to form any reasonable apology for your
behaviour, I am perfectly ready to hear your justification of it. You have
perhaps been misinformed, or purposely deceived, in something
concerning me, which may have lowered me in your opinion. Tell me
what it is, explain the grounds on which you acted, and I shall be
satisfied, in being able to satisfy you. It would grieve me indeed to be
obliged to think ill of you; but if I am to do it, if I am to learn that you are
not what we have hitherto believed you, that your regard for us all was
insincere, that your behaviour to me was intended only to deceive, let it
be told as soon as possible. My feelings are at present in a state of

Thesaurus
altered: (adj) transformed, changed, hypocritical, hollow, affected, empty, courteous, conciliatory, polite,
diversified, varied, distorted, devious, dishonest, counterfeit, generous, cordial.
affected, castrated, malformed, fraudulent. ANTONYMS: (adj) intimacy: (adj, n) familiarity,
misrepresented, misshapen; (v) sincere, genuine, natural, acquaintance; (n) closeness,
battered. ANTONYMS: (adj) straightforward, meaningful, real, fellowship, association, friendship,
unaltered, unadjusted. true, serious, restrained, honest; (adv) intercourse, affair, camaraderie,
grieve: (n, v) distress, aggrieve, afflict, partially. conversance, confidence.
sorrow, annoy; (v) trouble, lament, insulting: (adj) contemptuous, ANTONYMS: (n) distance, formality.
deplore, bemoan, fret, bewail. insolent, injurious, offensive, lowered: (adj) lower, reduced, cheap,
ANTONYMS: (v) rejoice, celebrate, scurrilous, defamatory, opprobrious, bated, humbled. ANTONYM: (adj)
encourage. rude, disgraceful, disdainful, raised.
insincere: (adj) false, artificial, feigned, impolite. ANTONYMS: (adj) misinformed: (adj) ignorant.
 Jane Austen 191

dreadful indecision; I wish to acquit you, but certainty on either side will
be ease to what I now suffer. If your sentiments are no longer what they
were, you will return my notes, and the lock of my hair which is in your
possession.%
"M.D."

That such letters, so full of affection and confidence, could have been so
answered, Elinor, for Willoughby's sake, would have been unwilling to believe.
But her condemnation of him did not blind her to the impropriety of their having
been written at all; and she was silently grieving over the imprudence which had
hazarded such unsolicited proofs of tenderness, not warranted by anything
preceding, and most severely condemned by the event, when Marianne,
perceiving that she had finished the letters, observed to her that they contained
nothing but what any one would have written in the same situation.
"I felt myself," she added, "to be as solemnly engaged to him, as if the strictest
legal covenant had bound us to each other."
"I can believe it," said Elinor; "but unfortunately he did not feel the same."
"He did feel the same, Elinor--for weeks and weeks he felt it. I know he did.
Whatever may have changed him now, (and nothing but the blackest art
employed against me can have done it), I was once as dear to him as my own
soul could wish. This lock of hair, which now he can so readily give up, was
begged of me with the most earnest supplication. Had you seen his look, his
manner, had you heard his voice at that moment! Have you forgot the last
evening of our being together at Barton? The morning that we parted too! When
he told me that it might be many weeks before we met again--his distress--can I
ever forget his distress?"
For a moment or two she could say no more; but when this emotion had
passed away, she added, in a firmer tone,
"Elinor, I have been cruelly used; but not by Willoughby."

acquit: (adj, v) release; (v) exculpate,
exonerate, discharge, excuse, clear,
pardon, free, conduct, forgive,
vindicate. ANTONYMS: (v)
condemn, damn, censure, blame,
sentence.
covenant: (n, v) contract, agreement,
compact, bargain, pact, promise; (n)
bond, arrangement, concord, deed;
(v) vow.
cruelly: (adv) harshly, ferociously,
fiercely, viciously, inhumanly,
Thesaurus
mercilessly, pitilessly, heartlessly, orison, blessing, imploration.
roughly, unkindly; (adj, adv) bitterly. unsolicited: (adj) unsought, uninvited,
ANTONYMS: (adv) kindly, undesirable, not desired, not
mercifully, sympathetically, tamely, requested, undesired, unasked for,
peacefully, humanely, annoying, unwanted, unwelcome,
compassionately, sensitively, unasked. ANTONYMS: (adj)
respectfully, innocently, genially. solicited, asked, invited, requested.
passed: (adj) accepted, approved, warranted: (adj) legitimate, secured,
legal, gone. bonded, legal, locked, mistaken,
supplication: (n, v) entreaty, necessary; (v) privileged, sanctioned,
solicitation; (n) petition, invocation, allowed; (n) securer.
appeal, request, rogation, plea,
192 Sense and Sensibility

"Dearest Marianne, who but himself? By whom can he have been

instigated?"%
"By all the world, rather than by his own heart. I could rather believe every
creature of my acquaintance leagued together to ruin me in his opinion, than
believe his nature capable of such cruelty. This woman of whom he writes--
whoever she be--or any one, in short, but your own dear self, mama, and
Edward, may have been so barbarous to bely me. Beyond you three, is there a
creature in the world whom I would not rather suspect of evil than Willoughby,
whose heart I know so well?"
Elinor would not contend, and only replied, "Whoever may have been so
detestably your enemy, let them be cheated of their malignant triumph, my dear
sister, by seeing how nobly the consciousness of your own innocence and good
intentions supports your spirits. It is a reasonable and laudable pride which
resists such malevolence."
"No, no," cried Marianne, "misery such as mine has no pride. I care not who
knows that I am wretched. The triumph of seeing me so may be open to all the
world. Elinor, Elinor, they who suffer little may be proud and independent as
they like--may resist insult, or return mortification--but I cannot. I must feel--I
must be wretched--and they are welcome to enjoy the consciousness of it that
can."
"But for my mother's sake and mine--"
"I would do more than for my own. But to appear happy when I am so
miserable--Oh! who can require it?"
Again they were both silent. Elinor was employed in walking thoughtfully
from the fire to the window, from the window to the fire, without knowing that
she received warmth from one, or discerning objects through the other; and
Marianne, seated at the foot of the bed, with her head leaning against one of its
posts, again took up Willoughby's letter, and, after shuddering over every
sentence, exclaimed--

barbarous: (adj) barbaric, savage,
gothic, brutal, heathen, truculent,
rude, fell, ferocious, fierce,
uncivilized. ANTONYMS: (adj) nice,
cultured, civilized, sophisticated,
refined, humane.
detestably: (adv) abysmally, terribly,
appallingly, curstfully, awfully,
odiously, repulsively, atrociously,
damnably.
laudable: (adj) commendable,
creditable, admirable, praiseworthy,
Thesaurus
worthy, deserving, good, honorable, aristocratically, bravely,
meritorious, applaudable, estimable. magnanimously, courageously.
ANTONYMS: (adj) shameful, ANTONYMS: (adv) immorally,
regrettable, unimpressive, poorly, timidly.
lamentable, poor, despicable. objects: (n) things, stuff, matter,
leagued: (v) brief, dense, firm, material, substance.
compact, confederated, not verbose, shuddering: (adj, n) quivering,
not diffuse, solid, pithy; (adj) shaking; (adv) shudderingly; (n) cold
confederate, allied. sweat, tremor; (adj) rough, shaky,
nobly: (adv) generously, jumpy, quaking, shivery, bumpy.
magnificently, grandly, greatly, ANTONYM: (adj) smooth.
splendidly, honorably, heroically, supports: (n) ropes, chains, rigging.
 Jane Austen 193

"It is too much! Oh, Willoughby, Willoughby, could this be yours! Cruel,
cruel--nothing can acquit you. Elinor, nothing can. Whatever he might have
heard against me-- ought he not to have suspended his belief? ought he not to
have told me of it, to have given me the power of clearing myself? 'The lock of
hair, (repeating it from the letter,) which you so obligingly bestowed on me'--
That is unpardonable. Willoughby, where was your heart when you wrote those
words? Oh, barbarously insolent!--Elinor, can he be justified?"
"No, Marianne, in no possible way."
"And yet this woman--who knows what her art may have been?--how long it
may have been premeditated, and how deeply contrived by her!--Who is she?--
Who can she be?--Whom did I ever hear him talk of as young and attractive
among his female acquaintance?--Oh! no one, no one--he talked to me only of
myself."
Another pause ensued; Marianne was greatly agitated, and it ended thus.%
"Elinor, I must go home. I must go and comfort mama. Can not we be gone
to-morrow?"
"To-morrow, Marianne!"
"Yes, why should I stay here? I came only for Willoughby's sake--and now
who cares for me? Who regards me?"
"It would be impossible to go to-morrow. We owe Mrs. Jennings much more
than civility; and civility of the commonest kind must prevent such a hasty
removal as that."
"Well then, another day or two, perhaps; but I cannot stay here long, I cannot
stay to endure the questions and remarks of all these people. The Middletons
and Palmers--how am I to bear their pity? The pity of such a woman as Lady
Middleton! Oh, what would he say to that!"
Elinor advised her to lie down again, and for a moment she did so; but no
attitude could give her ease; and in restless pain of mind and body she moved
from one posture to another, till growing more and more hysterical, her sister
could with difficulty keep her on the bed at all, and for some time was fearful of
Thesaurus
barbarously: (adv) felly, brutally, (adj) relaxed, composed, restrained. unintentional, unpremeditated,
barbarically, cruelly, savagely, posture: (n) attitude, condition, stance, automatic, casual.
fiercely, ferociously, coarsely, rudely, deportment, aspect, circumstance, regards: (v) regard, esteem, respect,
wildly, crudely. manner, figure, mien; (n, v) pose, consideration, honor, motive; (adj)
clearing: (n) clarification, clearance, place. abord, devoir; (n) greeting, relation,
purgation, purging, purge, clear- premeditated: (adj) intentional, duty.
melting, correction, tract, planned, designed, conscious, suspended: (adj) hanging, dormant,
improvement, release, freeing. calculated, studied, intended, pendulous, abeyant, dangling, in
hysterical: (adj, n) feverish; (adj) wild, prearranged; (v) prepense; (adj, v) abeyance, inactive, pendant, in
violent, eccentric, frenzied, aforethought, premeditate. suspension, pensile, suspensory.
emotional, fitful, febrile, erratic; (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) accidental,
fanatical, hysterics. ANTONYMS: ingenuous, spontaneous,
194 Sense and Sensibility

being constrained to call for assistance. Some lavender drops, however, which
she was at length persuaded to take, were of use; and from that time till Mrs.
Jennings returned, she continued on the bed quiet and motionless.%

Thesaurus
assistance: (n) support, relief, boost, drops: (n) tear. quiet: (adj, adv, v) still; (adj, n, v) lull,
encouragement, remedy, help, length: (n, v) extent; (n) distance, hush, pacify, compose, appease,
service, hand, backing; (n, v) assist; range, duration, size, measurement, assuage; (adj, v) moderate, cool; (adj,
(v) succor. ANTONYMS: (n) longness, dimension, depth, adv) gentle, motionless.
impediment, impeding, obstruction, compass, quantity. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) noisy, talkative,
detriment, disservice, meanness, shortness, width, breadth, brevity, vociferous, active, oratorical, fierce,
opposition. conciseness. vocal, unquiet, busy, disordered; (n)
constrained: (adj) forced, bound, stiff, persuaded: (adj) sure, satisfied, easily noise.
strained, awkward, compelled, affected, impressible, positive, till: (conj, prep) until, unto; (v) plow,
limited, affected, stilted, rigid, delicate, sensible, intelligent, certain, hoe, farm, dig; (adj) up to; (n) tiller,
unnatural. ANTONYMS: (adj) in no doubt, definite. ANTONYMS: drawer; (adv) so far; (prep) to.
unrestricted, liberated, natural, open. (adj) unsure, uncertain.
 Jane Austen 195

CHAPTER 30

Mrs. Jennings came immediately to their room on her return, and without
waiting to have her request of admittance answered, opened the door and
walked in with a look of real concern.%
"How do you do my dear?"--said she in a voice of great compassion to
Marianne, who turned away her face without attempting to answer.
"How is she, Miss Dashwood?--Poor thing! she looks very bad.-- No wonder.
Ay, it is but too true. He is to be married very soon--a good-for-nothing fellow! I
have no patience with him. Mrs. Taylor told me of it half an hour ago, and she
was told it by a particular friend of Miss Grey herself, else I am sure I should not
have believed it; and I was almost ready to sink as it was. Well, said I, all I can
say is, that if this be true, he has used a young lady of my acquaintance
abominably ill, and I wish with all my soul his wife may plague his heart out.
And so I shall always say, my dear, you may depend on it. I have no notion of
men's going on in this way; and if ever I meet him again, I will give him such a
dressing as he has not had this many a day. But there is one comfort, my dear
Miss Marianne; he is not the only young man in the world worth having; and
with your pretty face you will never want admirers. Well, poor thing! I won't
disturb her any longer, for she had better have her cry out at once and have done
with. The Parrys and Sandersons luckily are coming tonight you know, and that
will amuse her."

abominably: (adv) atrociously,
awfully, terribly, repulsively, badly,
frightfully, awful, sadly, hideously,
sickeningly, rottenly.
comfort: (n, v) ease, allay, support, aid,
alleviate; (n) consolation, relief,
amenity, assistance; (adj, n, v)
assuage; (v) cheer. ANTONYMS: (n)
discomfort, aggravation, agony; (v)
alarm, annoy, frighten, afflict,
aggravate, bother, burden,
disappoint.
Thesaurus
disturb: (v) trouble, disorder,
disconcert, distress, perturb, disquiet, (n) loafer, do-nothing, rascal, rotter,
distract, discompose, disrupt, upset,
concern. ANTONYMS: (v) calm,
please, soothe, smooth, order,
reassure, sort, settle, respect, quiet,
organize.
dressing: (n) bandage, stuffing,
fertilization, binding, bandaging,
scolding, fertilizer, manure,
compress, preparation, farce.
good-for-nothing: (adj) worthless,
feckless, pointless, asinine, unworthy;
cur, trash.
plague: (v) molest, harass, afflict,
hassle, annoy, badger, pester, disturb,
beleaguer; (n, v) worry; (adj, n, v)
bother. ANTONYM: (v) comfort.
sink: (n, v) sag, dip; (v) decline, fall,
set, descend, drop, fell, subside,
settle; (adj, n, v) droop. ANTONYMS:
(v) rise, float, improve, increase,
recover, drift, ascend, raise.
196 Sense and Sensibility

She then went away, walking on tiptoe out of the room, as if she supposed
her young friend's affliction could be increased by noise.%
Marianne, to the surprise of her sister, determined on dining with them.
Elinor even advised her against it. But "no, she would go down; she could bear it
very well, and the bustle about her would be less." Elinor, pleased to have her
governed for a moment by such a motive, though believing it hardly possible
that she could sit out the dinner, said no more; and adjusting her dress for her as
well as she could, while Marianne still remained on the bed, was ready to assist
her into the dining room as soon as they were summoned to it.
When there, though looking most wretchedly, she ate more and was calmer
than her sister had expected. Had she tried to speak, or had she been conscious
of half Mrs. Jennings's well-meant but ill-judged attentions to her, this calmness
could not have been maintained; but not a syllable escaped her lips; and the
abstraction of her thoughts preserved her in ignorance of every thing that was
passing before her.
Elinor, who did justice to Mrs. Jennings's kindness, though its effusions were
often distressing, and sometimes almost ridiculous, made her those
acknowledgments, and returned her those civilities, which her sister could not
make or return for herself. Their good friend saw that Marianne was unhappy,
and felt that every thing was due to her which might make her at all less so. She
treated her therefore, with all the indulgent fondness of a parent towards a
favourite child on the last day of its holidays. Marianne was to have the best
place by the fire, was to be tempted to eat by every delicacy in the house, and to
be amused by the relation of all the news of the day. Had not Elinor, in the sad
countenance of her sister, seen a check to all mirth, she could have been
entertained by Mrs. Jennings's endeavours to cure a disappointment in love, by a
variety of sweetmeats and olives, and a good fire. As soon, however, as the
consciousness of all this was forced by continual repetition on Marianne, she
could stay no longer. With a hasty exclamation of Misery, and a sign to her sister
not to follow her, she directly got up and hurried out of the room.

Thesaurus
bustle: (adj, n, v) hurry; (n, v) flurry, inelegance, ruggedness, vulgarity, fondness: (n) affection, attachment,
ado, fuss, hustle; (adj, n) stir, tactlessness, insensitivity, inaccuracy, love, taste, regard, appetite,
movement; (n) bother, commotion, clumsiness. tenderness, partiality, endearment,
disorder; (adj, v) hasten. distressing: (adj) sorrowful, liking, relish. ANTONYMS: (n)
ANTONYMS: (n) inactivity, stillness, deplorable, pitiful, painful, bad, aversion, indifference, neglect,
idleness; (v) laziness, relaxation. depressing, disturbing, sore, antipathy, detachment, hatred.
civilities: (n) propriety. lamentable, hurtful, worrying. sweetmeats: (n) rapier, plait, pastry,
delicacy: (adj, n) weakness, fragility, ANTONYMS: (adj) reassuring, lugging, food, tuck.
tidbit; (n) finesse, daintiness, delicate, heartwarming, pleasing, tiptoe: (v) tip, tippytoe, creep, patter,
elegance, sensitivity, luxury, treat, unemotional, soothing, comforting, skirt, skip, tilt, sidle, lean; (adj) alert;
airiness. ANTONYMS: (n) sturdiness, comfortable, cheerful, appealing, (n) quieter. ANTONYM: (v) clump.
toughness, durability, frankness, happy.
 Jane Austen 197

"Poor soul!" cried Mrs. Jennings, as soon as she was gone, "how it grieves me
to see her! And I declare if she is not gone away without finishing her wine!
And the dried cherries too! Lord! nothing seems to do her any good. I am sure if
I knew of any thing she would like, I would send all over the town for it. Well, it
is the oddest thing to me, that a man should use such a pretty girl so ill! But
when there is plenty of money on one side, and next to none on the other, Lord
bless you! they care no more about such things!--"%
"The lady then--Miss Grey I think you called her-- is very rich?"
"Fifty thousand pounds, my dear. Did you ever see her? a smart, stylish girl
they say, but not handsome. I remember her aunt very well, Biddy Henshawe;
she married a very wealthy man. But the family are all rich together. Fifty
thousand pounds! and by all accounts, it won't come before it's wanted; for they
say he is all to pieces. No wonder! dashing about with his curricle and hunters!
Well, it don't signify talking; but when a young man, be who he will, comes and
makes love to a pretty girl, and promises marriage, he has no business to fly off
from his word only because he grows poor, and a richer girl is ready to have
him. Why don't he, in such a case, sell his horses, let his house, turn off his
servants, and make a thorough reform at once? I warrant you, Miss Marianne
would have been ready to wait till matters came round. But that won't do now-
a-days; nothing in the way of pleasure can ever be given up by the young men of
this age."
"Do you know what kind of a girl Miss Grey is? Is she said to be amiable?"
"I never heard any harm of her; indeed I hardly ever heard her mentioned;
except that Mrs. Taylor did say this morning, that one day Miss Walker hinted to
her, that she believed Mr. and Mrs. Ellison would not be sorry to have Miss Grey
married, for she and Mrs. Ellison could never agree."--
"And who are the Ellisons?"
"Her guardians, my dear. But now she is of age and may choose for herself;
and a pretty choice she has made!--What now," after pausing a moment--"your
poor sister is gone to her own room, I suppose, to moan by herself. Is there

Thesaurus
dashing: (adj) stylish, dapper, gallant, explicit, implicit, coded, oblique. natty, neat, popular, smart.
showy, smart, snappy, impetuous, moan: (n, v) grumble, gripe, whine, ANTONYMS: (adj) unfashionable,
rakish, raffish, brave; (adj, n) spruce. lament, cry, howl; (v) bewail, unstylish, styleless, bland, plain,
ANTONYMS: (adj) boring, unstylish, complain, mourn; (n) complaint, unsophisticated, awkward, modern,
dull, bumbling, bland, awkward, lamentation. ANTONYMS: (v) out, primitive, shabby.
drab, graceless. compliment; (n) praise. thorough: (adj) complete, full,
finishing: (n) completion, close, signify: (n, v) intend, mark; (adj, n, v) profound, exhaustive, absolute, good,
accomplishment, conclusion, end, import; (v) imply, indicate, denote, comprehensive, detailed, extensive,
coating; (adj, n) ending; (adj) closing, point, stand for, express, intimate, sweeping, careful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
last, final, ultimate. ANTONYMS: (n) matter. partial, sketchy, careless, slack,
beginning; (adj) first. stylish: (adj) fashionable, elegant, imperfect, sloppy, rushed, restricted,
hinted: (adj) veiled, roundabout, not dapper, chic, dressy, trendy, modern, inadequate, halfhearted, dense.
198 Sense and Sensibility

nothing one can get to comfort her? Poor dear, it seems quite cruel to let her be
alone. Well, by-and-by we shall have a few friends, and that will amuse her a
little. What shall we play at? She hates whist I know; but is there no round game
she cares for?"%
"Dear ma'am, this kindness is quite unnecessary. Marianne, I dare say, will
not leave her room again this evening. I shall persuade her if I can to go early to
bed, for I am sure she wants rest."
"Aye, I believe that will be best for her. Let her name her own supper, and go
to bed. Lord! no wonder she has been looking so bad and so cast down this last
week or two, for this matter I suppose has been hanging over her head as long as
that. And so the letter that came today finished it! Poor soul! I am sure if I had
had a notion of it, I would not have joked her about it for all my money. But then
you know, how should I guess such a thing? I made sure of its being nothing but
a common love letter, and you know young people like to be laughed at about
them. Lord! how concerned Sir John and my daughters will be when they hear
it! If I had my senses about me I might have called in Conduit Street in my way
home, and told them of it. But I shall see them tomorrow."
"It would be unnecessary I am sure, for you to caution Mrs. Palmer and Sir
John against ever naming Mr. Willoughby, or making the slightest allusion to
what has passed, before my sister. Their own good-nature must point out to
them the real cruelty of appearing to know any thing about it when she is
present; and the less that may ever be said to myself on the subject, the more my
feelings will be spared, as you my dear madam will easily believe."
"Oh! Lord! yes, that I do indeed. It must be terrible for you to hear it talked
of; and as for your sister, I am sure I would not mention a word about it to her
for the world. You saw I did not all dinner time. No more would Sir John, nor
my daughters, for they are all very thoughtful and considerate; especially if I
give them a hint, as I certainly will. For my part, I think the less that is said
about such things, the better, the sooner 'tis blown over and forgot. And what
does talking ever do you know?"

allusion: (n) innuendo, reference, cue, ANTONYMS: (n) carelessness,
suggestion, mention, intimation,
pointer, insinuation, implication,
indication, clue.
blown: (adj) puffy, panting, swollen,
winded, inflated, moving, high,
haughty lofty, late; (v) puffing and
blowing; (n) blowen.
caution: (n) advice, carefulness,
warning, wariness, precaution,
vigilance, prudence, admonition,
commandment; (v) warn, advise.
Thesaurus
decency.
rashness, incaution, honesty, madam: (n) dame, lady, ma'am,
foolishness, encouragement, gentlewoman, missis, Mrs, brothel
irresponsibility, openness, approval; keeper, madames, signora, female,
(v) dare, approve. bawd.
cruelty: (n) brutality, cruelness, naming: (n) appointment,
oppression, barbarity, ferociousness, identification, denomination,
tyranny, violence, atrocity, ferocity, appellation, nomination, indication,
mercilessness, harshness. delegacy, assignment, mention; (adj,
ANTONYMS: (n) compassion, n) appellative; (adj) designating.
gentleness, friendliness, humanity, wants: (n) need, necessities.
benevolence, sensitivity, liberty,
 Jane Austen 199

"In this affair it can only do harm; more so perhaps than in many cases of a
similar kind, for it has been attended by circumstances which, for the sake of
every one concerned in it, make it unfit to become the public conversation. I
must do this justice to Mr. Willoughby--he has broken no positive engagement
with my sister."
"Law, my dear! Don't pretend to defend him. No positive engagement
indeed! after taking her all over Allenham House, and fixing on the very rooms
they were to live in hereafter!"
Elinor, for her sister's sake, could not press the subject farther, and she hoped
it was not required of her for Willoughby's; since, though Marianne might lose
much, he could gain very little by the enforcement of the real truth. After a short
silence on both sides, Mrs. Jennings, with all her natural hilarity, burst forth
again.%
"Well, my dear, 'tis a true saying about an ill-wind, for it will be all the better
for Colonel Brandon. He will have her at last; aye, that he will. Mind me, now, if
they an't married by Mid-summer. Lord! how he'll chuckle over this news! I
hope he will come tonight. It will be all to one a better match for your sister. Two
thousand a year without debt or drawback--except the little love-child, indeed;
aye, I had forgot her; but she may be 'prenticed out at a small cost, and then what
does it signify? Delaford is a nice place, I can tell you; exactly what I call a nice
old fashioned place, full of comforts and conveniences; quite shut in with great
garden walls that are covered with the best fruit-trees in the country; and such a
mulberry tree in one corner! Lord! how Charlotte and I did stuff the only time
we were there! Then, there is a dove-cote, some delightful stew-ponds, and a
very pretty canal; and every thing, in short, that one could wish for; and,
moreover, it is close to the church, and only a quarter of a mile from the
turnpike-road, so 'tis never dull, for if you only go and sit up in an old yew
arbour behind the house, you may see all the carriages that pass along. Oh! 'tis a
nice place! A butcher hard by in the village, and the parsonage-house within a
stone's throw. To my fancy, a thousand times prettier than Barton Park, where
they are forced to send three miles for their meat, and have not a neighbour

arbour: (n) bower, pergola,
summerhouse.
butcher: (v) slaughter, kill, murder,
slay; (n, v) massacre, botch; (n)
assassin, bungler, slaughterer,
meatman, murderer. ANTONYMS:
(v) develop, create, grow, build.
canal: (n) channel, conduit, duct,
sound, culvert, adit, trench, sewer,
passage, watercourse, pipe.
chuckle: (n, v) snicker, snigger, giggle,
chortle, titter, crow; (v) chuck, laugh,
Thesaurus
cackle, exult; (n) laughter. field, bed, plantation, orchard, grove,
enforcement: (n) execution, constraint, grounds, park; (adj) gardenly.
compulsion, duress, carrying out, hilarity: (adj, n) mirth, merriment; (n)
performance, force, coaction, press, delight, exhilaration, cheerfulness,
effect, administration. joy, jollity, gaiety, happiness,
fashioned: (adj) formed, featured, laughter, fun. ANTONYMS: (n)
fictitious, intentional, bent, wrought. boredom, despondency, misery.
forth: (adv) away, along, onward, mulberry: (n) leaves are used to feed
ahead, before, on, off, on the high silkworms, blackberry, mulberry
road, on the road, on the way, under harbour, berry, black mulberry,
way. bramble, fruit tree, multiple fruit.
garden: (v) farm, cultivate, tend; (n) tonight: (adv) this night.
200 Sense and Sensibility

nearer than your mother. Well, I shall spirit up the Colonel as soon as I can. One
shoulder of mutton, you know, drives another down. If we can but put
Willoughby out of her head!"
"Ay, if we can do that, Ma'am," said Elinor, "we shall do very well with or
without Colonel Brandon." And then rising, she went away to join Marianne,
whom she found, as she expected, in her own room, leaning, in silent misery,
over the small remains of a fire, which, till Elinor's entrance, had been her only
light.%
"You had better leave me," was all the notice that her sister received from her.
"I will leave you," said Elinor, "if you will go to bed." But this, from the
momentary perverseness of impatient suffering, she at first refused to do. Her
sister's earnest, though gentle persuasion, however, soon softened her to
compliance, and Elinor saw her lay her aching head on the pillow, and as she
hoped, in a way to get some quiet rest before she left her.
In the drawing-room, whither she then repaired, she was soon joined by Mrs.
Jennings, with a wine-glass, full of something, in her hand.
"My dear," said she, entering, "I have just recollected that I have some of the
finest old Constantia wine in the house that ever was tasted, so I have brought a
glass of it for your sister. My poor husband! how fond he was of it! Whenever he
had a touch of his old colicky gout, he said it did him more good than any thing
else in the world. Do take it to your sister."
"Dear Ma'am," replied Elinor, smiling at the difference of the complaints for
which it was recommended, "how good you are! But I have just left Marianne in
bed, and, I hope, almost asleep; and as I think nothing will be of so much service
to her as rest, if you will give me leave, I will drink the wine myself."
Mrs. Jennings, though regretting that she had not been five minutes earlier,
was satisfied with the compromise; and Elinor, as she swallowed the chief of it,
reflected, that though its effects on a colicky gout were, at present, of little
importance to her, its healing powers, on a disappointed heart might be as
reasonably tried on herself as on her sister.

Thesaurus
aching: (adj) sore, achy, hurt, odontalgia, neuralgia, lumbago, long.
uncomfortable, tender, hurtful, sciatica. mutton: (n) lamb, em, mouton, mut,
agonizing; (n) ache, pain, hurting; (v) healing: (n) cure, convalescence, sheep, pork, red meat, white meat,
griped. recuperation, therapy, treatment, beef, area unit; (v) pilot bread.
colicky: (adj) gassy. recovery; (adj) curative, sanative, pillow: (v) rest, breathe, lie, not move;
fond: (adj) affectionate, caring, sanatory, remedial, therapeutic. (adj) wadding; (n) throw pillow,
devoted, tender, loving, amorous, ANTONYM: (n) deterioration. Wanger, bed pillow, feather bed, long
delicate, adoring, doting, ardent, momentary: (adj) brief, fugitive, pillow, padding.
attached. ANTONYMS: (adj) transient, short, instantaneous, repaired: (adj) reconditioned,
aversion, cold, rough. ephemeral, passing, momentaneous, maintained, mended, fastened,
gout: (n) taste, relish, arthritis, go-out; temporary, impermanent, temporal. serviced, intent, frozen, flat,
(v) cephalalgia, earache, otalgia, ANTONYMS: (adj) lasting, lengthy, serviceable.
 Jane Austen 201

Colonel Brandon came in while the party were at tea, and by his manner of
looking round the room for Marianne, Elinor immediately fancied that he
neither expected nor wished to see her there, and, in short, that he was already
aware of what occasioned her absence. Mrs. Jennings was not struck by the same
thought; for soon after his entrance, she walked across the room to the tea-table
where Elinor presided, and whispered-- "The Colonel looks as grave as ever you
see. He knows nothing of it; do tell him, my dear."
He shortly afterwards drew a chair close to her's, and, with a look which
perfectly assured her of his good information, inquired after her sister.%
"Marianne is not well," said she. "She has been indisposed all day, and we
have persuaded her to go to bed."
"Perhaps, then," he hesitatingly replied, "what I heard this morning may be--
there may be more truth in it than I could believe possible at first."
"What did you hear?"
"That a gentleman, whom I had reason to think--in short, that a man, whom I
knew to be engaged--but how shall I tell you? If you know it already, as surely
you must, I may be spared."
"You mean," answered Elinor, with forced calmness, "Mr. Willoughby's
marriage with Miss Grey. Yes, we do know it all. This seems to have been a day
of general elucidation, for this very morning first unfolded it to us. Mr.
Willoughby is unfathomable! Where did you hear it?"
"In a stationer's shop in Pall Mall, where I had business. Two ladies were
waiting for their carriage, and one of them was giving the other an account of the
intended match, in a voice so little attempting concealment, that it was
impossible for me not to hear all. The name of Willoughby, John Willoughby,
frequently repeated, first caught my attention; and what followed was a positive
assertion that every thing was now finally settled respecting his marriage with
Miss Grey--it was no longer to be a secret--it would take place even within a few
weeks, with many particulars of preparations and other matters. One thing,
especially, I remember, because it served to identify the man still more:--as soon

assertion: (n) statement, argument,
claim, avowal, contention, charge,
testimony, profession, allegation,
accusation, position. ANTONYMS:
(n) denial, disavowal, uncertainty.
carriage: (n) attitude, conveyance, cab, hesitatingly: (adv) indecisively,
air, walk, position, mien, shipping;
(n, v) transport, behavior, port.
elucidation: (n) clarification,
comment, explanation, account,
description, definition, exposition,
illumination, illustration, answer,
Thesaurus
resolution. ANTONYM: (n) problem.
fancied: (adj) unreal, chimerical,
fictional, fanciful, fictitious,
fabricated, preferred, assumed,
illusory, imagined, ideal.
irresolutely, hesitating, waveringly,
doubtfully, undecidedly,
vacillatingly, falteringly.
ANTONYM: (adv) unhesitatingly.
unfathomable: (adj) incomprehensible,
inexplicable, inscrutable,
unintelligible, impenetrable, abysmal,
deep, immeasurable, unaccountable,
obscure, enigmatic. ANTONYMS:
(adj) fathomable, shallow, explicable,
explainable, comprehensible,
believable, straightforward,
understandable, legible, clear.
unfolded: (adj) extended, stretched,
outspread, outstretched, widely
spread, stretched out, explicate,
evolved, displayed, expanded,
detailed.
202 Sense and Sensibility

as the ceremony was over, they were to go to Combe Magna, his seat in
Somersetshire. My astonishment!--but it would be impossible to describe what I
felt. The communicative lady I learnt, on inquiry, for I stayed in the shop till
they were gone, was a Mrs. Ellison, and that, as I have been since informed, is the
name of Miss Grey's guardian."
"It is. But have you likewise heard that Miss Grey has fifty thousand
pounds? In that, if in any thing, we may find an explanation."
"It may be so; but Willoughby is capable--at least I think"--he stopped a
moment; then added in a voice which seemed to distrust itself, "And your sister--
how did she--"
"Her sufferings have been very severe. I have only to hope that they may be
proportionately short. It has been, it is a most cruel affliction. Till yesterday, I
believe, she never doubted his regard; and even now, perhaps--but I am almost
convinced that he never was really attached to her. He has been very deceitful!
and, in some points, there seems a hardness of heart about him."
"Ah!" said Colonel Brandon, "there is, indeed! But your sister does not--I
think you said so--she does not consider quite as you do?"
"You know her disposition, and may believe how eagerly she would still
justify him if she could."
He made no answer; and soon afterwards, by the removal of the tea-things,
and the arrangement of the card parties, the subject was necessarily dropped.
Mrs. Jennings, who had watched them with pleasure while they were talking,
and who expected to see the effect of Miss Dashwood's communication, in such
an instantaneous gaiety on Colonel Brandon's side, as might have become a man
in the bloom of youth, of hope and happiness, saw him, with amazement,
remain the whole evening more serious and thoughtful than usual.%

Thesaurus
bloom: (adj, n, v) flower; (v) prosper, principled, straight, upright, faithful, quick. ANTONYMS: (adj) gradual,
flourish, thrive, burgeon; (adj, v) dependable. delayed, considered.
blow, fructify; (n) prime, blush, flush, hardness: (n) austerity, asperity, justify: (v) explain, exonerate,
bud. ANTONYMS: (v) shrivel, callousness, difficulty, rigor, vindicate, confirm, absolve, defend,
struggle, wane, die, deteriorate, consistency, stiffness, cruelty, deserve, apologize, claim, palliate; (n,
decrease; (n) pallor, withering. arduousness, tightness, insensibility. v) warrant.
deceitful: (adj) false, fraudulent, ANTONYMS: (n) ease, limpness, proportionately: (adv) relatively, pro
insincere, crooked, dishonest, untrue, malleability. rata, in proportion, correspondingly,
sly, artful, untrustworthy, unreliable, instantaneous: (adj) immediate, symmetrically, commensurately,
treacherous. ANTONYMS: (adj) prompt, sudden, precipitate, adequately, balancedly, equally,
straightforward, genuine, momentary, abrupt, precipitous, harmoniously, appropriately.
trustworthy, truthful, loyal, open, precipitant, swift, momentaneous,
 Jane Austen 203

CHAPTER 31

From a night of more sleep than she had expected, Marianne awoke the next
morning to the same consciousness of misery in which she had closed her eyes.%
Elinor encouraged her as much as possible to talk of what she felt; and before
breakfast was ready, they had gone through the subject again and again; and
with the same steady conviction and affectionate counsel on Elinor's side, the
same impetuous feelings and varying opinions on Marianne's, as before.
Sometimes she could believe Willoughby to be as unfortunate and as innocent as
herself, and at others, lost every consolation in the impossibility of acquitting
him. At one moment she was absolutely indifferent to the observation of all the
world, at another she would seclude herself from it for ever, and at a third could
resist it with energy. In one thing, however, she was uniform, when it came to
the point, in avoiding, where it was possible, the presence of Mrs. Jennings, and
in a determined silence when obliged to endure it. Her heart was hardened
against the belief of Mrs. Jennings's entering into her sorrows with any
compassion.
"No, no, no, it cannot be," she cried; "she cannot feel. Her kindness is not
sympathy; her good-nature is not tenderness. All that she wants is gossip, and
she only likes me now because I supply it."
Elinor had not needed this to be assured of the injustice to which her sister
was often led in her opinion of others, by the irritable refinement of her own
Thesaurus
awoke: (adj) awakened. considered, careful, slow, sensible, calm, happy, cheerful, amiable,
hardened: (adj) hard, callous, patient. patient, pleasant, stable, courteous;
confirmed, tough, indurated, injustice: (n) iniquity, wrong, (n) cheeriness.
tempered, unfeeling, inured, unfairness, bigotry, wickedness, likes: (n) kind, sort, type.
habitual, enured, veteran. prejudice, crime; (adj, n) injury, evil, refinement: (n) culture, cultivation,
ANTONYMS: (adj) inexperienced, harm, damage. ANTONYMS: (n) purification, gentility, polish, finish,
smooth, unaccustomed, untempered, fairness, evenhandedness, civilization, nicety, courtesy, grace;
feeling, mild. reasonableness, goodness, tolerance. (adj, n) elegance. ANTONYMS: (n)
impetuous: (adj) boisterous, hasty, irritable: (adj) fractious, irascible, vulgarity, adulteration, tackiness,
fiery, headlong, heady, hot, brash, edgy, cantankerous, touchy, petulant, uncouthness, tastelessness,
foolhardy, dashing, fierce; (adj, v) excitable, cross, sensitive, grumpy, inelegance, coarseness, clumsiness,
impulsive. ANTONYMS: (adj) disagreeable. ANTONYMS: (adj) awkwardness, crudeness.
204 Sense and Sensibility

mind, and the too great importance placed by her on the delicacies of a strong
sensibility, and the graces of a polished manner. Like half the rest of the world, if
more than half there be that are clever and good, Marianne, with excellent
abilities and an excellent disposition, was neither reasonable nor candid. She
expected from other people the same opinions and feelings as her own, and she
judged of their motives by the immediate effect of their actions on herself. Thus
a circumstance occurred, while the sisters were together in their own room after
breakfast, which sunk the heart of Mrs. Jennings still lower in her estimation;
because, through her own weakness, it chanced to prove a source of fresh pain to
herself, though Mrs. Jennings was governed in it by an impulse of the utmost
goodwill.%
With a letter in her outstretched hand, and countenance gaily smiling, from
the persuasion of bringing comfort, she entered their room, saying,
"Now, my dear, I bring you something that I am sure will do you good."
Marianne heard enough. In one moment her imagination placed before her a
letter from Willoughby, full of tenderness and contrition, explanatory of all that
had passed, satisfactory, convincing; and instantly followed by Willoughby
himself, rushing eagerly into the room to inforce, at her feet, by the eloquence of
his eyes, the assurances of his letter. The work of one moment was destroyed by
the next. The hand writing of her mother, never till then unwelcome, was before
her; and, in the acuteness of the disappointment which followed such an ecstasy
of more than hope, she felt as if, till that instant, she had never suffered.
The cruelty of Mrs. Jennings no language, within her reach in her moments of
happiest eloquence, could have expressed; and now she could reproach her only
by the tears which streamed from her eyes with passionate violence--a reproach,
however, so entirely lost on its object, that after many expressions of pity, she
withdrew, still referring her to the letter of comfort. But the letter, when she was
calm enough to read it, brought little comfort. Willoughby filled every page. Her
mother, still confident of their engagement, and relying as warmly as ever on his
constancy, had only been roused by Elinor's application, to intreat from
Marianne greater openness towards them both; and this, with such tenderness

contrition: (n) compunction,
repentance, regret, remorse,
contriteness, penance, sorrow, shame,
abrasion, attrition; (v) confrication.
ANTONYMS: (n) pride, apathy,
indifference, shamelessness.
delicacies: (n) food, delices, cates,
regalia.
eloquence: (n) style, fluency, oratory,
rhetoric, articulateness, expression,
volubility, persuasiveness, articulacy,
facundity, way with words.
Thesaurus
ANTONYM: (n) inarticulateness. dully, despondently.
estimation: (n) deference, assessment, outstretched: (adj) extended, lengthy,
calculation, approximation, flat, open, unfolded, stretched, broad,
appraisal, attention; (n, v) esteem, wiredrawn, wide, long.
consideration, regard, reputation, unwelcome: (adj) undesirable,
credit. ANTONYMS: (n) calculation, objectionable, unpopular, unasked,
disbelief, doubt. unwished, unintroduced, unvisited,
gaily: (adv, v) happily; (adv) gladly, uninvited, unpleasant; (adj, n)
jovially, joyfully, cheerfully, disagreeable, unsatisfactory.
mirthfully, joyously, gleefully, ANTONYMS: (adj) welcome,
sunnily, blithely, lively. desirable, gratifying, wanted,
ANTONYMS: (adv) sadly, anxiously, fortunate.
 Jane Austen 205

towards her, such affection for Willoughby, and such a conviction of their future
happiness in each other, that she wept with agony through the whole of it.%
All her impatience to be at home again now returned; her mother was dearer
to her than ever; dearer through the very excess of her mistaken confidence in
Willoughby, and she was wildly urgent to be gone. Elinor, unable herself to
determine whether it were better for Marianne to be in London or at Barton,
offered no counsel of her own except of patience till their mother's wishes could
be known; and at length she obtained her sister's consent to wait for that
knowledge.
Mrs. Jennings left them earlier than usual; for she could not be easy till the
Middletons and Palmers were able to grieve as much as herself; and positively
refusing Elinor's offered attendance, went out alone for the rest of the morning.
Elinor, with a very heavy heart, aware of the pain she was going to
communicate, and perceiving, by Marianne's letter, how ill she had succeeded in
laying any foundation for it, then sat down to write her mother an account of
what had passed, and entreat her directions for the future; while Marianne, who
came into the drawing-room on Mrs. Jennings's going away, remained fixed at
the table where Elinor wrote, watching the advancement of her pen, grieving
over her for the hardship of such a task, and grieving still more fondly over its
effect on her mother.
In this manner they had continued about a quarter of an hour, when
Marianne, whose nerves could not then bear any sudden noise, was startled by a
rap at the door.
"Who can this be?" cried Elinor. "So early too! I thought we had been safe."
Marianne moved to the window--
"It is Colonel Brandon!" said she, with vexation. "We are never safe from him."
"He will not come in, as Mrs. Jennings is from home."
"I will not trust to that," retreating to her own room. "A man who has nothing
to do with his own time has no conscience in his intrusion on that of others."

advancement: (n, v) advance; (n)
promotion, furtherance, upgrade,
growth, development, cultivation,
progression, improvement, progress,
elevation. ANTONYMS: (n) reverse,
downgrade, retreat, demotion.
counsel: (v) advise, consult, admonish,
confer, warn; (n, v) caution, advocate;
(n) barrister, advisement,
consultation, admonition.
ANTONYMS: (v) betray, trick,
deceive, conceal, oppose; (n)
Thesaurus
warning.
fondly: (adv) lovingly, tenderly,
warmly, kindly, caringly, adoringly,
devotedly, amorously, dearly,
dotingly, foolishly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) coldly, ill.
nerves: (n) nervousness, jitters,
jumpiness, jitteriness, restlessness,
tension, strain, screaming meemies,
apprehension, edginess, extreme
nervousness. ANTONYM: (n) calm.
obtained: (adj) fulfilled, derivative.
positively: (adv) absolutely, definitely,
decidedly, unequivocally, expressly,
emphatically, categorically, clearly,
confidently; (adv, int) surely; (adj, adv)
really. ANTONYMS: (adv)
disapprovingly, pessimistically,
uncertainly, doubtfully,
inauspiciously, ill.
refusing: (adj) negative, dismissive,
denying, recusative, noncompliant.
retreating: (n) flight; (adj) moving
back.
206 Sense and Sensibility

The event proved her conjecture right, though it was founded on injustice
and error; for Colonel Brandon did come in; and Elinor, who was convinced that
solicitude for Marianne brought him thither, and who saw that solicitude in his
disturbed and melancholy look, and in his anxious though brief inquiry after her,
could not forgive her sister for esteeming him so lightly.%
"I met Mrs. Jennings in Bond Street," said he, after the first salutation, "and
she encouraged me to come on; and I was the more easily encouraged, because I
thought it probable that I might find you alone, which I was very desirous of
doing. My object--my wish--my sole wish in desiring it--I hope, I believe it is--is
to be a means of giving comfort;--no, I must not say comfort--not present
comfort--but conviction, lasting conviction to your sister's mind. My regard for
her, for yourself, for your mother--will you allow me to prove it, by relating
some circumstances which nothing but a very sincere regard--nothing but an
earnest desire of being useful--I think I am justified--though where so many
hours have been spent in convincing myself that I am right, is there not some
reason to fear I may be wrong?" He stopped.
"I understand you," said Elinor. "You have something to tell me of Mr.
Willoughby, that will open his character farther. Your telling it will be the
greatest act of friendship that can be shewn Marianne. my gratitude will be
insured immediately by any information tending to that end, and hers must be
gained by it in time. Pray, pray let me hear it."
"You shall; and, to be brief, when I quitted Barton last October,--but this will
give you no idea--I must go farther back. You will find me a very awkward
narrator, Miss Dashwood; I hardly know where to begin. A short account of
myself, I believe, will be necessary, and it shall be a short one. On such a subject,"
sighing heavily, "can I have little temptation to be diffuse."
He stopt a moment for recollection, and then, with another sigh, went on.
"You have probably entirely forgotten a conversation-- (it is not to be
supposed that it could make any impression on you)--a conversation between us
one evening at Barton Park--it was the evening of a dance--in which I alluded to
a lady I had once known, as resembling, in some measure, your sister Marianne."
Thesaurus
desiring: (adj) envious, insatiable, acute, fickle. ANTONYMS: (adj) improbable,
desirous, eager; (adv) fleshly. means: (n) instrument, agency, implausible, unbelievable.
hers: (pron) she, his; (adj) own. income, assets, manner, funds, salutation: (n, v) salute; (n) reception,
hours: (n) period, duty period; (adv) capital, channel, property, resource, hail, hello, welcome, address,
o'clock. resources. ANTONYM: (n) poverty. compliment, hullo, recognition,
lasting: (adj) abiding, everlasting, firm, narrator: (n) teller, speaker, fabulist, interpellation, pax.
eternal, enduring, continuous, anecdotist, narrators, talker, lecturer, shall: (n) must, necessity; (v) require,
permanent, constant, perpetual, narrater, orator, relator, raconteur. bequeath, leave.
tough; (adj, v) fast. ANTONYMS: (adj) probable: (adj) likely, plausible, tending: (n) care, hairdressing, aid,
fleeting, impermanent, superficial, possible, potential, presumable, treatment, attention, babysitting,
ephemeral, caducous, unstable, feasible, hopeful, convincing, incubation; (adj) apt, conducive,
occasional, insubstantial, erratic, believable, to be expected, specious. prone, disposed.
 Jane Austen 207

"Indeed," %answered Elinor, "I have not forgotten it." He looked pleased by
this remembrance, and added,
"If I am not deceived by the uncertainty, the partiality of tender recollection,
there is a very strong resemblance between them, as well in mind as person. The
same warmth of heart, the same eagerness of fancy and spirits. This lady was one
of my nearest relations, an orphan from her infancy, and under the guardianship
of my father. Our ages were nearly the same, and from our earliest years we
were playfellows and friends. I cannot remember the time when I did not love
Eliza; and my affection for her, as we grew up, was such, as perhaps, judging
from my present forlorn and cheerless gravity, you might think me incapable of
having ever felt. Her's, for me, was, I believe, fervent as the attachment of your
sister to Mr. Willoughby and it was, though from a different cause, no less
unfortunate. At seventeen she was lost to me for ever. She was married--married
against her inclination to my brother. Her fortune was large, and our family
estate much encumbered. And this, I fear, is all that can be said for the conduct
of one, who was at once her uncle and guardian. My brother did not deserve her;
he did not even love her. I had hoped that her regard for me would support her
under any difficulty, and for some time it did; but at last the misery of her
situation, for she experienced great unkindness, overcame all her resolution, and
though she had promised me that nothing--but how blindly I relate! I have never
told you how this was brought on. We were within a few hours of eloping
together for Scotland. The treachery, or the folly, of my cousin's maid betrayed
us. I was banished to the house of a relation far distant, and she was allowed no
liberty, no society, no amusement, till my father's point was gained. I had
depended on her fortitude too far, and the blow was a severe one-- but had her
marriage been happy, so young as I then was, a few months must have
reconciled me to it, or at least I should not have now to lament it. This however
was not the case. My brother had no regard for her; his pleasures were not what
they ought to have been, and from the first he treated her unkindly. The
consequence of this, upon a mind so young, so lively, so inexperienced as Mrs.
Brandon's, was but too natural. She resigned herself at first to all the misery of
her situation; and happy had it been if she had not lived to overcome those
Thesaurus
encumbered: (adj) burdened, charge, keeping, safekeeping, orphaned.
burdensome, weighed down, heavy, tutelage, conservation, protection, pleasures: (n) pleasure.
deep, clayey, cloggy. ANTONYM: wardship; (adj, n) ward; (adj) guard. unkindly: (adv) cruelly, brutally,
(adj) unencumbered. lament: (v) bemoan, complain, badly, maliciously, meanly,
fervent: (adj) ardent, eager, earnest, deplore, grieve, keen, bewail, mourn; heartlessly, inconsiderately,
enthusiastic, intense, cordial, (n) dirge, complaint; (n, v) wail, pitilessly, nastily, unsympathetically;
passionate, hot, emotional, torrid, moan. ANTONYMS: (n) celebration, (adj) unkind. ANTONYMS: (adv)
strong. ANTONYMS: (adj) apathetic, joy; (v) revel, rejoice, celebrate, understandingly, pleasantly,
unenthusiastic, cool, weak, applaud, praise, compliment. innocently, gently, compassionately,
unexcited, dispirited, dispassionate, orphan: (n) waif, caterpillar, nymph, benevolently, thoughtfully,
flippant, impassive, lukewarm, mild. nympha, cocoon, Aurelia, tyke, mercifully.
guardianship: (n) custody, care, staddle, youngster, shaver; (adj)
208 Sense and Sensibility

regrets which the remembrance of me occasioned. But can we wonder that, with
such a husband to provoke inconstancy, and without a friend to advise or
restrain her (for my father lived only a few months after their marriage, and I
was with my regiment in the East Indies) she should fall? Had I remained in
England, perhaps--but I meant to promote the happiness of both by removing
from her for years, and for that purpose had procured my exchange. The shock
which her marriage had given me," he continued, in a voice of great agitation,
"was of trifling weight--was nothing to what I felt when I heard, about two years
afterwards, of her divorce. It was that which threw this gloom,--even now the
recollection of what I suffered--"
He could say no more, and rising hastily walked for a few minutes about the
room. Elinor, affected by his relation, and still more by his distress, could not
speak. He saw her concern, and coming to her, took her hand, pressed it, and
kissed it with grateful respect. A few minutes more of silent exertion enabled
him to proceed with composure.%
"It was nearly three years after this unhappy period before I returned to
England. My first care, when I did arrive, was of course to seek for her; but the
search was as fruitless as it was melancholy. I could not trace her beyond her
first seducer, and there was every reason to fear that she had removed from him
only to sink deeper in a life of sin. Her legal allowance was not adequate to her
fortune, nor sufficient for her comfortable maintenance, and I learnt from my
brother that the power of receiving it had been made over some months before to
another person. He imagined, and calmly could he imagine it, that her
extravagance, and consequent distress, had obliged her to dispose of it for some
immediate relief. At last, however, and after I had been six months in England, I
did find her. Regard for a former servant of my own, who had since fallen into
misfortune, carried me to visit him in a spunging-house, where he was confined
for debt; and there, the same house, under a similar confinement, was my
unfortunate sister. So altered--so faded--worn down by acute suffering of every
kind! hardly could I believe the melancholy and sickly figure before me, to be the
remains of the lovely, blooming, healthful girl, on whom I had once doted.

Thesaurus
blooming: (adj) rosy, thriving, austerity, necessity, bareness. remedial, good, nourishing.
flourishing, healthy, prosperous, fruitless: (adj, v) abortive; (adj) barren, ANTONYMS: (adj) unhealthful,
ruddy, booming, blossoming, cherry, useless, empty, futile, ineffective, unsanitary, unhealthy.
verdant, green. ANTONYMS: (adj) idle, pointless, sterile, bootless, regiment: (n) corps, battalion, legion,
arid, pale. unproductive. ANTONYMS: (adj) host, brigade, division, multitude,
extravagance: (n) dissipation, luxury, fertile, useful, effective, satisfying, cohort; (v) control, organize, regulate.
excess, profligacy, lavishness, fruitful, worthwhile, profitable, seducer: (n) gallant, lady killer, ladies'
squandering, recklessness, waste, successful, productive, hopeful, man, undoer, whoremonger,
prodigality, magnificence, meaningful. seductor, tempter, charmer,
immoderateness. ANTONYMS: (n) healthful: (adj) healthy, hale, debauchee, dissolute person, flirt.
economy, frugality, parsimony, salubrious, beneficial, hygienic,
prudence, paucity, moderation, sanitary, wholesome, salutary,
 Jane Austen 209

What I endured in so beholding her--but I have no right to wound your feelings

by attempting to describe it--I have pained you too much already. That she was,
to all appearance, in the last stage of a consumption, was--yes, in such a situation
it was my greatest comfort. Life could do nothing for her, beyond giving time
for a better preparation for death; and that was given. I saw her placed in
comfortable lodgings, and under proper attendants; I visited her every day
during the rest of her short life: I was with her in her last moments."
Again he stopped to recover himself; and Elinor spoke her feelings in an
exclamation of tender concern, at the fate of his unfortunate friend.%
"Your sister, I hope, cannot be offended," said he, "by the resemblance I have
fancied between her and my poor disgraced relation. Their fates, their fortunes,
cannot be the same; and had the natural sweet disposition of the one been
guarded by a firmer mind, or a happier marriage, she might have been all that
you will live to see the other be. But to what does all this lead? I seem to have
been distressing you for nothing. Ah! Miss Dashwood--a subject such as this--
untouched for fourteen years--it is dangerous to handle it at all! I will be more
collected--more concise. She left to my care her only child, a little girl, the
offspring of her first guilty connection, who was then about three years old. She
loved the child, and had always kept it with her. It was a valued, a precious trust
to me; and gladly would I have discharged it in the strictest sense, by watching
over her education myself, had the nature of our situations allowed it; but I had
no family, no home; and my little Eliza was therefore placed at school. I saw her
there whenever I could, and after the death of my brother, (which happened
about five years ago, and which left to me the possession of the family property,)
she visited me at Delaford. I called her a distant relation; but I am well aware
that I have in general been suspected of a much nearer connection with her. It is
now three years ago (she had just reached her fourteenth year,) that I removed
her from school, to place her under the care of a very respectable woman,
residing in Dorsetshire, who had the charge of four or five other girls of about
the same time of life; and for two years I had every reason to be pleased with her
situation. But last February, almost a twelvemonth back, she suddenly

attendants: (n) entourage, followers,
retinue, tendance, persons present,
suite.
beholding: (n) fusion, seeing, visual
perception, look.
concise: (adj) brief, compendious,
terse, curt, short, succinct, laconic,
pithy, summary, condensed; (v) close.
ANTONYMS: (adj) wordy, lengthy,
long, rambling, prolix, confused,
redundant, expansive, convoluted.
disgraced: (adj) shamed, dishonored,
Thesaurus
abashed, ashamed, damaged,
dishonest, humiliated, mortified,
disfigured.
fates: (adj) book of fate, Parcae, sky; (n)
fortune, the fates.
guarded: (adj) wary, careful, chary,
circumspect, cagey, vigilant,
watchful, conditional, discreet,
gingerly, conservative. ANTONYMS:
(adj) frank, careless, trusting, reckless,
open, unwary, natural.
lodgings: (n) digs, accommodation,
domiciliation, lodging, billet,
housing, quarters, residence, pad,
living quarters, launchpad.
resemblance: (n) affinity, parallel,
similarity, comparison,
correspondence, likeness, conformity,
appearance, analogy, semblance,
resemble. ANTONYMS: (n)
dissimilarity, contrast.
residing: (adj) residentiary, situated,
permanently fixed, placed,
residential, located.
210 Sense and Sensibility

disappeared. I had allowed her, (imprudently, as it has since turned out,) at her
earnest desire, to go to Bath with one of her young friends, who was attending
her father there for his health. I knew him to be a very good sort of man, and I
thought well of his daughter--better than she deserved, for, with a most
obstinate and ill-judged secrecy, she would tell nothing, would give no clue,
though she certainly knew all. He, her father, a well-meaning, but not a quick-
sighted man, could really, I believe, give no information; for he had been
generally confined to the house, while the girls were ranging over the town and
making what acquaintance they chose; and he tried to convince me, as
thoroughly as he was convinced himself, of his daughter's being entirely
unconcerned in the business. In short, I could learn nothing but that she was
gone; all the rest, for eight long months, was left to conjecture. What I thought,
what I feared, may be imagined; and what I suffered too."%
"Good heavens!" cried Elinor, "could it be--could Willoughby!"--
"The first news that reached me of her," he continued, "came in a letter from
herself, last October. It was forwarded to me from Delaford, and I received it on
the very morning of our intended party to Whitwell; and this was the reason of
my leaving Barton so suddenly, which I am sure must at the time have appeared
strange to every body, and which I believe gave offence to some. Little did Mr.
Willoughby imagine, I suppose, when his looks censured me for incivility in
breaking up the party, that I was called away to the relief of one whom he had
made poor and miserable; but had he known it, what would it have availed?
Would he have been less gay or less happy in the smiles of your sister? No, he
had already done that, which no man who can feel for another would do. He had
left the girl whose youth and innocence he had seduced, in a situation of the
utmost distress, with no creditable home, no help, no friends, ignorant of his
address! He had left her, promising to return; he neither returned, nor wrote,
nor relieved her."
"This is beyond every thing!" exclaimed Elinor.
"His character is now before you; expensive, dissipated, and worse than both.
Knowing all this, as I have now known it many weeks, guess what I must have

Thesaurus
creditable: (adj, v) reputable, squandered, licentious. amenable, irresolute, cooperative,
respectable; (adj, n) meritorious; (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) upright, moral. easygoing, docile, biddable,
praiseworthy, laudable, worthy, incivility: (n) disrespect, impoliteness, agreeable, accommodating,
admirable, believable; (n) estimable, discourtesy, impertinence, insolence, malleable, gentle.
dignity; (v) up to the mark. rudeness, indecorum, boorishness, unconcerned: (adj) apathetic,
ANTONYMS: (adj) unworthy, unmannerliness, indecency, crudity. detached, insouciant, casual, careless,
disrespected, disgraceful, ANTONYMS: (n) civility, refinement. nonchalant, thoughtless, easygoing,
discreditable, lamentable, poor, obstinate: (adj) obdurate, inflexible, listless, carefree; (adj, n) cold.
blameworthy. intractable, determined, inveterate, ANTONYMS: (adj) caring, eager,
dissipated: (adj, v) fast; (adj) dissolute, disobedient, willful, stubborn, troubled, sensitive, uptight, craving,
immoral, abandoned, profligate, contrary, wayward, dogged. involved, energetic, interested,
prodigal, gay, rakish, degenerate, ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible, annoyed, strict.
 Jane Austen 211

felt on seeing your sister as fond of him as ever, and on being assured that she
was to marry him: guess what I must have felt for all your sakes. When I came to
you last week and found you alone, I came determined to know the truth;
though irresolute what to do when it was known. My behaviour must have
seemed strange to you then; but now you will comprehend it. To suffer you all
to be so deceived; to see your sister--but what could I do? I had no hope of
interfering with success; and sometimes I thought your sister's influence might
yet reclaim him. But now, after such dishonorable usage, who can tell what were
his designs on her. Whatever they may have been, however, she may now, and
hereafter doubtless will turn with gratitude towards her own condition, when
she compares it with that of my poor Eliza, when she considers the wretched and
hopeless situation of this poor girl, and pictures her to herself, with an affection
for him so strong, still as strong as her own, and with a mind tormented by self-
reproach, which must attend her through life. Surely this comparison must have
its use with her. She will feel her own sufferings to be nothing. They proceed
from no misconduct, and can bring no disgrace. On the contrary, every friend
must be made still more her friend by them. Concern for her unhappiness, and
respect for her fortitude under it, must strengthen every attachment. Use your
own discretion, however, in communicating to her what I have told you. You
must know best what will be its effect; but had I not seriously, and from my heart
believed it might be of service, might lessen her regrets, I would not have
suffered myself to trouble you with this account of my family afflictions, with a
recital which may seem to have been intended to raise myself at the expense of
others."
Elinor's thanks followed this speech with grateful earnestness; attended too
with the assurance of her expecting material advantage to Marianne, from the
communication of what had passed.%
"I have been more pained," said she, "by her endeavors to acquit him than by
all the rest; for it irritates her mind more than the most perfect conviction of his
unworthiness can do. Now, though at first she will suffer much, I am sure she

Thesaurus
afflictions: (n) buffeting. happenings. self-reproach: (n) regret, repentance,
dishonorable: (adj) disgraceful, base, irresolute: (adj) hesitant, uncertain, shame, penitence, contrition, guilt.
mean, ignoble, shameful, infamous, hesitating, infirm, spineless, tormented: (adj) worried, tortured,
unfair, disreputable, degrading, doubtful, weak, undecided, fickle, hagridden, troubled, beleaguered,
wrong, unethical. ANTONYMS: (adj) fluctuating, inconstant. ANTONYMS: beset, besieged, cruciate, cruciform,
honorable, noble, ethical, glorious, (adj) resolute, firm, stubborn, distraught, distressed. ANTONYM:
respectable, admirable, trustworthy, unyielding, determined, decided, (adj) calm.
incorrupt, sporting, reputable, decisive, strong, confident. unworthiness: (n) baseness,
professional. recital: (n) account, description, despicability, despicableness,
endeavors: (n) activities, deeds, narrative, explanation, history, badness, unworth, shamefulness,
events, Comings and Goings, performance, reading, statement, ignominiousness, disgracefulness,
undertakings, accomplishments, recitation, concert, relation. bad. ANTONYM: (n) worthiness.
212 Sense and Sensibility

will soon become easier. Have you," she continued, after a short silence, "ever
seen Mr. Willoughby since you left him at Barton?"
"Yes," he replied gravely, "once I have. One meeting was unavoidable."
Elinor, startled by his manner, looked at him anxiously, saying,
"What? have you met him to--"
"I could meet him no other way. Eliza had confessed to me, though most
reluctantly, the name of her lover; and when he returned to town, which was
within a fortnight after myself, we met by appointment, he to defend, I to punish
his conduct. We returned unwounded, and the meeting, therefore, never got
abroad."
Elinor sighed over the fancied necessity of this; but to a man and a soldier
she presumed not to censure it.%
"Such," said Colonel Brandon, after a pause, "has been the unhappy
resemblance between the fate of mother and daughter! and so imperfectly have I
discharged my trust!"
"Is she still in town?"
"No; as soon as she recovered from her lying-in, for I found her near her
delivery, I removed her and her child into the country, and there she remains."
Recollecting, soon afterwards, that he was probably dividing Elinor from her
sister, he put an end to his visit, receiving from her again the same grateful
acknowledgments, and leaving her full of compassion and esteem for him.

confessed: (adj) known.
discharged: (adj) released, exempt,
clear, freer, free, fired, finished,
drained, dismissed, defunct,
deadened.
dividing: (n) division, partitioning,
calculation; (v) parting, departing;
(adv) dividingly; (adj) disjunctive,
divisional.
lying-in: (n) childbirth, accouchement, castigate, chasten, chastise, penalize, military personnel, swordsman,
parturition; (v) delivery.
necessity: (n) demand, need, lack,
Thesaurus
exigency, essential, compulsion,
emergency, distress, must, constraint, reluctantly: (adv) loathly, aversely,
necessary. ANTONYMS: (n)
inessential, treat, unimportance,
luxury.
presumed: (adj) supposed, reputed,
putative, understood, alleged,
probable, theoretical.
punish: (v) amerce, discipline,
strike, avenge, pay, beat, execute.
ANTONYMS: (v) excuse, exonerate,
pardon, reward, commend.
grudgingly, backwardly, hesitantly,
reluctant, slowly, unenthusiastically,
indisposedly, lothly, charily.
ANTONYMS: (adv) freely,
wholeheartedly.
soldier: (n) warrior, fighter,
serviceman, champion, ranker,
trooper, cavalryman, guardsman,
janissary.
 Jane Austen 213

CHAPTER %32

When the particulars of this conversation were repeated by Miss Dashwood

to her sister, as they very soon were, the effect on her was not entirely such as the
former had hoped to see. Not that Marianne appeared to distrust the truth of
any part of it, for she listened to it all with the most steady and submissive
attention, made neither objection nor remark, attempted no vindication of
Willoughby, and seemed to shew by her tears that she felt it to be impossible.
But though this behaviour assured Elinor that the conviction of this guilt was
carried home to her mind, though she saw with satisfaction the effect of it, in her
no longer avoiding Colonel Brandon when he called, in her speaking to him,
even voluntarily speaking, with a kind of compassionate respect, and though she
saw her spirits less violently irritated than before, she did not see her less
wretched. Her mind did become settled, but it was settled in a gloomy dejection.
She felt the loss of Willoughby's character yet more heavily than she had felt the
loss of his heart; his seduction and desertion of Miss Williams, the misery of that
poor girl, and the doubt of what his designs might once have been on herself,
preyed altogether so much on her spirits, that she could not bring herself to
speak of what she felt even to Elinor; and, brooding over her sorrows in silence,
gave more pain to her sister than could have been communicated by the most
open and most frequent confession of them.

brooding: (adj) pondering, thoughtful,
contemplative, hatching, meditative,
pensive, wistful; (v) brewing,
batching; (n) chick management,
parturition. ANTONYMS: (adj)
shallow, cheerful.
desertion: (n) abandonment, defection,
apostasy, dereliction, withdrawal,
secession, rejection, decampment,
exposure, leaving, disappearance.
ANTONYMS: (n) appearance,
attention, preservation.
Thesaurus
irritated: (adj) annoyed, exasperated, meek, dutiful, obsequious, docile,
incensed, enraged, aggravated, compliant, resigned, subject, lowly,
furious, irate, inflamed, sore, servile. ANTONYMS: (adj) assertive,
displeased, provoked. ANTONYMS: resistant, disobedient, defiant,
(adj) calm, pleased, patient, obstinate, rebellious, wild,
contented. intractable, proactive; (adv) bossily.
seduction: (n) allurement, attraction, vindication: (n) defense, apology,
temptation, enticement, lure, excuse, defence, plea, alibi, acquittal,
conquest, persuasion, seducement; assertion, reason, exoneration,
(adj) fascination, enchantment, protection. ANTONYM: (n)
witchery. accusation.
submissive: (adj) obedient, passive,
214 Sense and Sensibility

To give the feelings or the language of Mrs. Dashwood on receiving and

answering Elinor's letter would be only to give a repetition of what her
daughters had already felt and said; of a disappointment hardly less painful than
Marianne's, and an indignation even greater than Elinor's. Long letters from her,
quickly succeeding each other, arrived to tell all that she suffered and thought; to
express her anxious solicitude for Marianne, and entreat she would bear up with
fortitude under this misfortune. Bad indeed must the nature of Marianne's
affliction be, when her mother could talk of fortitude! mortifying and
humiliating must be the origin of those regrets, which she could wish her not to
indulge!
Against the interest of her own individual comfort, Mrs. Dashwood had
determined that it would be better for Marianne to be any where, at that time,
than at Barton, where every thing within her view would be bringing back the
past in the strongest and most afflicting manner, by constantly placing
Willoughby before her, such as she had always seen him there. She
recommended it to her daughters, therefore, by all means not to shorten their
visit to Mrs. Jennings; the length of which, though never exactly fixed, had been
expected by all to comprise at least five or six weeks. A variety of occupations, of
objects, and of company, which could not be procured at Barton, would be
inevitable there, and might yet, she hoped, cheat Marianne, at times, into some
interest beyond herself, and even into some amusement, much as the ideas of
both might now be spurned by her.%
From all danger of seeing Willoughby again, her mother considered her to be
at least equally safe in town as in the country, since his acquaintance must now
be dropped by all who called themselves her friends. Design could never bring
them in each other's way: negligence could never leave them exposed to a
surprise; and chance had less in its favour in the crowd of London than even in
the retirement of Barton, where it might force him before her while paying that
visit at Allenham on his marriage, which Mrs. Dashwood, from foreseeing at
first as a probable event, had brought herself to expect as a certain one.

Thesaurus
afflicting: (adj) distressing, grievous, embarrassing, mortifying, misfortune: (n) accident, hardship,
vexatious. demeaning, shameful, disgraceful, misadventure, disaster, calamity,
cheat: (n, v) trick, con, fake, sham; (n) ignominious, abject, dishonorable; (v) mischance, catastrophe, mishap, bad
fraud, bilk, impostor; (v) defraud, humiliate; (n) infra dignitatem. luck, misery, affliction. ANTONYMS:
beguile, betray, fleece. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adj) dignified, (n) joy, bonus, opportunity, privilege,
(v) support, repay, help, contribute, honorable, glorious, reassuring, mild. success, happiness.
aid. indignation: (n) anger, resentment, shorten: (v) condense, reduce,
foreseeing: (n) foresight, anticipation, displeasure, grudge, umbrage, rage, abbreviate, clip, abridge, cut, curtail,
prospicience, prevision, forecast; (v) outrage, exasperation, choler, cut back, contract, compress, dock.
foresee; (adj) prevoyant, conscious dudgeon; (adj, n) wrath. ANTONYMS: (v) expand, prolong,
beforehand. ANTONYMS: (n) contentment, extend, complicate.
humiliating: (adj) humbling, pleasure. spurned: (adj) jilted, unloved.
 Jane Austen 215

She had yet another reason for wishing her children to remain where they
were; a letter from her son-in-law had told her that he and his wife were to be in
town before the middle of February, and she judged it right that they should
sometimes see their brother.%
Marianne had promised to be guided by her mother's opinion, and she
submitted to it therefore without opposition, though it proved perfectly different
from what she wished and expected, though she felt it to be entirely wrong,
formed on mistaken grounds, and that by requiring her longer continuance in
London it deprived her of the only possible alleviation of her wretchedness, the
personal sympathy of her mother, and doomed her to such society and such
scenes as must prevent her ever knowing a moment's rest.
But it was a matter of great consolation to her, that what brought evil to
herself would bring good to her sister; and Elinor, on the other hand, suspecting
that it would not be in her power to avoid Edward entirely, comforted herself by
thinking, that though their longer stay would therefore militate against her own
happiness, it would be better for Marianne than an immediate return into
Devonshire.
Her carefulness in guarding her sister from ever hearing Willoughby's name
mentioned, was not thrown away. Marianne, though without knowing it herself,
reaped all its advantage; for neither Mrs. Jennings, nor Sir John, nor even Mrs.
Palmer herself, ever spoke of him before her. Elinor wished that the same
forbearance could have extended towards herself, but that was impossible, and
she was obliged to listen day after day to the indignation of them all.
Sir John, could not have thought it possible. "A man of whom he had always
had such reason to think well! Such a good-natured fellow! He did not believe
there was a bolder rider in England! It was an unaccountable business. He
wished him at the devil with all his heart. He would not speak another word to
him, meet him where he might, for all the world! No, not if it were to be by the
side of Barton covert, and they were kept watching for two hours together. Such
a scoundrel of a fellow! such a deceitful dog! It was only the last time they met
that he had offered him one of Folly's puppies! and this was the end of it!"

alleviation: (n) remission, abatement,
relaxation, easement, solace,
assuagement, mitigation, palliation,
reprieve, comfort, easing.
carefulness: (n) care, precision,
conscientiousness, prudence,
diligence, cautiousness, discretion,
frugality, thrift, attentiveness,
exactness. ANTONYMS: (n)
recklessness, negligence,
impulsiveness, incaution,
extravagance, foolishness, neglect,
Thesaurus
messiness. postponement, indulgence, restraint.
comforted: (adj) thankful, pleased, ANTONYMS: (n) impatience,
comfortable, calmed. intolerance.
covert: (adj) clandestine, hidden, militate: (v) tell, contend, work, fight,
concealed, secret, underground, weigh, count, act upon.
undercover; (n) cover, blind, refuge, requiring: (v) require; (adv)
concealment, covering. ANTONYMS: demandingly; (adj) demanding,
(adj) open, aboveboard, unconcealed, pressing.
public, blatant. scoundrel: (n, v) rascal; (n) knave,
forbearance: (n) patience, clemency, blackguard, cad, villain, ruffian,
pardon, abstention, abstinence, miscreant, crook, rapscallion, varlet,
mercy, longanimity, avoidance, scalawag.
216 Sense and Sensibility

Mrs. Palmer, in her way, was equally angry. "She was determined to drop his
acquaintance immediately, and she was very thankful that she had never been
acquainted with him at all. She wished with all her heart Combe Magna was not
so near Cleveland; but it did not signify, for it was a great deal too far off to visit;
she hated him so much that she was resolved never to mention his name again,
and she should tell everybody she saw, how good-for-nothing he was."
The rest of Mrs. Palmer's sympathy was shewn in procuring all the
particulars in her power of the approaching marriage, and communicating them
to Elinor. She could soon tell at what coachmaker's the new carriage was
building, by what painter Mr. Willoughby's portrait was drawn, and at what
warehouse Miss Grey's clothes might be seen.%
The calm and polite unconcern of Lady Middleton on the occasion was a
happy relief to Elinor's spirits, oppressed as they often were by the clamorous
kindness of the others. It was a great comfort to her to be sure of exciting no
interest in one person at least among their circle of friends: a great comfort to
know that there was one who would meet her without feeling any curiosity after
particulars, or any anxiety for her sister's health.
Every qualification is raised at times, by the circumstances of the moment, to
more than its real value; and she was sometimes worried down by officious
condolence to rate good-breeding as more indispensable to comfort than good-
nature.
Lady Middleton expressed her sense of the affair about once every day, or
twice, if the subject occurred very often, by saying, "It is very shocking, indeed!"
and by the means of this continual though gentle vent, was able not only to see
the Miss Dashwoods from the first without the smallest emotion, but very soon
to see them without recollecting a word of the matter; and having thus
supported the dignity of her own sex, and spoken her decided censure of what
was wrong in the other, she thought herself at liberty to attend to the interest of
her own assemblies, and therefore determined (though rather against the opinion
of Sir John) that as Mrs. Willoughby would at once be a woman of elegance and
fortune, to leave her card with her as soon as she married.

Thesaurus
clamorous: (adj) noisy, blatant, loud, imperative, requisite; (adj) obligatory, thankful: (adj) appreciative, indebted,
boisterous, insistent, exigent, urgent, fundamental, required, mandatory, beholden, obliged, contented,
obstreperous, strident; (adj, v) vital, urgent, absolutely necessary; (v) pleased, gratified, relieved, under
clamant, importunate. ANTONYM: needful. ANTONYMS: (adj) obligation, appreciatory, welcome.
(adj) tranquil. dispensable, nonessential, optional, ANTONYMS: (adj) worried,
condolence: (n) compassion, pity, marginal, unnecessary, worthless, unappreciative, unthankful, sorry.
sympathy, condolement, minor. vent: (n) exit, opening, flue, chimney,
condolences, lamentation, mercy, officious: (adj, v) meddlesome; (adj) escape, blowhole; (n, v) discharge,
mourning, acknowledgement, solace, busy, interfering, meddling, air, release; (v) emit, ventilate.
acknowledgment. ANTONYM: (n) obtrusive, impertinent, pragmatical, ANTONYMS: (n) door, closure; (v)
congratulation. busybodied, overbearing, nosy; (v) block, suppress.
indispensable: (adj, v) necessary, pushing. ANTONYM: (adj) meek.
 Jane Austen 217

Colonel Brandon's delicate, unobtrusive enquiries were never unwelcome to

Miss Dashwood. He had abundantly earned the privilege of intimate discussion
of her sister's disappointment, by the friendly zeal with which he had
endeavoured to soften it, and they always conversed with confidence. His chief
reward for the painful exertion of disclosing past sorrows and present
humiliations, was given in the pitying eye with which Marianne sometimes
observed him, and the gentleness of her voice whenever (though it did not often
happen) she was obliged, or could oblige herself to speak to him. these assured
him that his exertion had produced an increase of good-will towards himself,
and these gave Elinor hopes of its being farther augmented hereafter; but Mrs.
Jennings, who knew nothing of all this, who knew only that the Colonel
continued as grave as ever, and that she could neither prevail on him to make the
offer himself, nor commission her to make it for him, began, at the end of two
days, to think that, instead of Midsummer, they would not be married till
Michaelmas, and by the end of a week that it would not be a match at all. The
good understanding between the Colonel and Miss Dashwood seemed rather to
declare that the honours of the mulberry-tree, the canal, and the yew arbour,
would all be made over to her; and Mrs. Jennings had, for some time ceased to
think at all of Mrs. Ferrars.%
Early in February, within a fortnight from the receipt of Willoughby's letter,
Elinor had the painful office of informing her sister that he was married. She had
taken care to have the intelligence conveyed to herself, as soon as it was known
that the ceremony was over, as she was desirous that Marianne should not
receive the first notice of it from the public papers, which she saw her eagerly
examining every morning.
She received the news with resolute composure; made no observation on it,
and at first shed no tears; but after a short time they would burst out, and for the
rest of the day, she was in a state hardly less pitiable than when she first learnt to
expect the event.
The Willoughbys left town as soon as they were married; and Elinor now
hoped, as there could be no danger of her seeing either of them, to prevail on her

Thesaurus
abundantly: (adv) copiously, richly, academic degree. acknowledgement, acceptance,
fully, generously, bounteously, informing: (n) briefing, disclosure, acquittance, ticket, check, recipe,
plentifully, plenteously, freely, apprisal, warning, revelation, ratting, revenue, certificate, profit; (v)
exuberantly, largely, bountifully. presentation, introduction; (v) acknowledge. ANTONYMS: (n)
ANTONYMS: (adv) fruitlessly, inform; (adj) intelligencing, giving rejection, invoice.
insufficiently, stingily, meagerly, information. soften: (adj, v) moderate, mitigate,
scantily. oblige: (v) coerce, force, drive, mollify, assuage, relieve; (v) melt,
augmented: (adj) amplified, enlarged, constrain, make, bind, accommodate, dull, relent, mute, alleviate; (adj, n, v)
greater than before, inflated, plus, obligate, necessitate, enforce, impel. palliate. ANTONYMS: (v) harden,
more. ANTONYMS: (v) displease, request, solidify, set, congeal, exacerbate,
earned: (adj) deserved, realized, due. hinder. freeze, sharpen, stand, increase.
honours: (n) first, honors, degree, receipt: (n) acknowledgment,
218 Sense and Sensibility

sister, who had never yet left the house since the blow first fell, to go out again
by degrees as she had done before.
About this time the two Miss Steeles, lately arrived at their cousin's house in
Bartlett's Buildings, Holburn, presented themselves again before their more
grand relations in Conduit and Berkeley Streets; and were welcomed by them all
with great cordiality.%
Elinor only was sorry to see them. Their presence always gave her pain, and
she hardly knew how to make a very gracious return to the overpowering
delight of Lucy in finding her still in town.
"I should have been quite disappointed if I had not found you here still," said
she repeatedly, with a strong emphasis on the word. "But I always thought I
should. I was almost sure you would not leave London yet awhile; though you
told me, you know, at Barton, that you should not stay above a month. But I
thought, at the time, that you would most likely change your mind when it came
to the point. It would have been such a great pity to have went away before your
brother and sister came. And now to be sure you will be in no hurry to be gone. I
am amazingly glad you did not keep to your word."
Elinor perfectly understood her, and was forced to use all her self-command
to make it appear that she did not.
"Well, my dear," said Mrs. Jennings, "and how did you travel?"
"Not in the stage, I assure you," replied Miss Steele, with quick exultation;
"we came post all the way, and had a very smart beau to attend us. Dr. Davies
was coming to town, and so we thought we'd join him in a post-chaise; and he
behaved very genteelly, and paid ten or twelve shillings more than we did."
"Oh, oh!" cried Mrs. Jennings; "very pretty, indeed! and the Doctor is a single
man, I warrant you."
"There now," said Miss Steele, affectedly simpering, "everybody laughs at
me so about the Doctor, and I cannot think why. My cousins say they are sure I
have made a conquest; but for my part I declare I never think about him from
one hour's end to another. 'Lord! here comes your beau, Nancy,' my cousin said

affectedly: (adv) pretentiously,
pompously, insincerely, stiltedly,
unnaturally, theatrically, feignedly,
snobbishly, contrivedly, pedantically, exultation: (n) jubilation, joy, delight,
pedanticly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
modestly, naturally.
amazingly: (adj, adv) wonderfully,
stupendously, awfully; (adv)
surprisingly, astoundingly,
extraordinarily, spectacularly,
marvelously, fabulously, terrificly,
terrifically. ANTONYMS: (adv)
Thesaurus
predictably, mildly.
awhile: (adj) in transitu, en passant;
(adv) briefly.
ecstasy, elation, rejoicing, revelling,
transport, joyousness, bliss, glee.
ANTONYMS: (n) depression,
desolation, misery, sorrow.
genteelly: (adv) politely, elegantly,
refinedly, polishedly, stylishly,
nicely, urbanely, culturedly,
modestly, gracefully, graciously.
laughs: (n) diversion, comedy,
amusement, sport, recreation,
merriment, entertainment, levity.
overpowering: (adj) overwhelming,
oppressive, resistless, compelling,
intense, heavy, strong, onerous,
devastating, uncontrollable,
depressing. ANTONYMS: (adj) light,
subtle, imperceptible, insignificant,
shallow, weak, faint, bland.
simpering: (adj) mincing, affected,
smirk, prudish, nice.
 Jane Austen 219

t'other day, when she saw him crossing the street to the house. My beau, indeed!
said I--I cannot think who you mean. The Doctor is no beau of mine."
"Aye, aye, that is very pretty talking--but it won't do-- the Doctor is the man, I
see."
"No, indeed!" replied her cousin, with affected earnestness, "and I beg you
will contradict it, if you ever hear it talked of."
Mrs. Jennings directly gave her the gratifying assurance that she certainly
would not, and Miss Steele was made completely happy.%
"I suppose you will go and stay with your brother and sister, Miss
Dashwood, when they come to town," said Lucy, returning, after a cessation of
hostile hints, to the charge.
"No, I do not think we shall."
"Oh, yes, I dare say you will."
Elinor would not humour her by farther opposition.
"What a charming thing it is that Mrs. Dashwood can spare you both for so
long a time together!"
"Long a time, indeed!" interposed Mrs. Jennings. "Why, their visit is but just
begun!"
Lucy was silenced.
"I am sorry we cannot see your sister, Miss Dashwood," said Miss Steele. "I
am sorry she is not well--" for Marianne had left the room on their arrival.
"You are very good. My sister will be equally sorry to miss the pleasure of
seeing you; but she has been very much plagued lately with nervous head-aches,
which make her unfit for company or conversation."
"Oh, dear, that is a great pity! but such old friends as Lucy and me!--I think
she might see us; and I am sure we would not speak a word."
Elinor, with great civility, declined the proposal. Her sister was perhaps laid
down upon the bed, or in her dressing gown, and therefore not able to come to
them.
Thesaurus
cessation: (n) pause, abatement, close, reinforce. hospitable, lush.
stop, respite, suspension, surcease, gown: (n) robe, clothing, cassock, interposed: (adj) interjacent,
standstill, rest, termination; (n, v) vestment, wrapper, overclothes, intercedent, intervenient,
death. ANTONYMS: (n) beginning, outerwear, uniform, tunic, clothes; (v) parenthetical, intermediate colors,
continuation, commencement, clothe. mediate.
persistence. hostile: (adj) aggressive, contrary, plagued: (adj) overrun, inundated,
contradict: (v) deny, oppose, belie, adverse, warlike, belligerent, snowed under, beleaguered, weighed
conflict, confute, controvert, unfavorable, averse, opposed, down, obsessed, besieged, beset,
contravene, disprove, refute, antagonistic, inimical, irreconcilable. overwhelmed.
invalidate, impugn. ANTONYMS: (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) soothing, warm, silenced: (adj) mute, muffled,
agree, match, correspond, approve, allied, open, amicable, favorable, disabled.
corroborate, prove, support, sympathetic, gentle, harmonious,
220 Sense and Sensibility

"Oh, if that's all," cried Miss Steele, "we can just as well go and see her."
Elinor began to find this impertinence too much for her temper; but she was
saved the trouble of checking it, by Lucy's sharp reprimand, which now, as on
many occasions, though it did not give much sweetness to the manners of one
sister, was of advantage in governing those of the other.%

Thesaurus
advantage: (n) privilege, behalf, profit, approval of plans. sweetness: (n) sugariness, sweet,
good, preponderance, account, lead, governing: (adj) ruling, leading, chief, redolence, pleasantness, fragrance,
virtue, expediency, perk; (n, v) boot. ascendant, predominant, prevailing, aroma, charm, perfume, amenity,
ANTONYMS: (n, v) disadvantage; (n) executive; (v) govern; (n) governance, niceness, kindness. ANTONYMS: (n)
drawback, difficulty, detriment, administration, government. sourness, sharpness, unpleasantness,
hindrance, minus, restriction, ANTONYM: (adj) minor. harshness, tastelessness, unkindness.
obstacle, loss, inferiority, sharp: (adj, n, v) keen, acute, bitter; though: (adj, conj) however; (conj) still,
inconvenience. (adj) intelligent, intense, incisive; (adj, notwithstanding, nevertheless, albeit,
checking: (n) examination, v) biting, acid, acrid, severe, harsh. whereas, while; (adv) even, after all,
verification, audit, inspection, ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, mild, gentle, tho'; (adv, conj) tho.
scrutiny, going-over, arrest, sweet, rounded, bland, round,
interference, supervision, collation, smooth, blurred, naive, kind.
 Jane Austen 221

CHAPTER 33

After some opposition, Marianne yielded to her sister's entreaties, and

consented to go out with her and Mrs. Jennings one morning for half an hour.
She expressly conditioned, however, for paying no visits, and would do no more
than accompany them to Gray's in Sackville Street, where Elinor was carrying on
a negotiation for the exchange of a few old-fashioned jewels of her mother.%
When they stopped at the door, Mrs. Jennings recollected that there was a
lady at the other end of the street on whom she ought to call; and as she had no
business at Gray's, it was resolved, that while her young friends transacted
their's, she should pay her visit and return for them.
On ascending the stairs, the Miss Dashwoods found so many people before
them in the room, that there was not a person at liberty to tend to their orders;
and they were obliged to wait. All that could be done was, to sit down at that
end of the counter which seemed to promise the quickest succession; one
gentleman only was standing there, and it is probable that Elinor was not
without hope of exciting his politeness to a quicker despatch. But the correctness
of his eye, and the delicacy of his taste, proved to be beyond his politeness. He
was giving orders for a toothpick-case for himself, and till its size, shape, and
ornaments were determined, all of which, after examining and debating for a
quarter of an hour over every toothpick-case in the shop, were finally arranged
by his own inventive fancy, he had no leisure to bestow any other attention on

ascending: (adj) uphill, rising,
assurgent, climbing, ascendent; (n)
ascension, ascent, rise, advance,
movement; (v) go up.
conditioned: (v) qualified; (adj) ripe,
learned, tough, finite, healthy, in
condition, involuntary. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unconditioned, untrained.
correctness: (n) appropriateness,
precision, exactness, truth, rightness,
properness, fitness, propriety,
justness, correctitude, veracity.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (n) vagueness,
informality, impropriety,
misconduct, wrongness,
inappropriateness, inaccuracy, error,
abandon, unsuitability, immorality.
inventive: (adj) imaginative,
ingenious, clever, fertile, resourceful,
innovative, originative, productive,
artistic, bright; (adj, v) original.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unoriginal,
uninventive, stale, hackneyed.
jewels: (n) jewelry, gems, wealth,
hoops, Perrie, riches, studs, fortune,
fineness, earrings, decoration.
ornaments: (n) stuff, trim,
ornamentation, equipments, dress,
disposition, custom, curios,
condition, clothing, gaudery.
quicker: (adv) more quickly, sooner,
earlier.
quickest: (adv) most quickly.
yielded: (v) yold, yolden.
222 Sense and Sensibility

the two ladies, than what was comprised in three or four very broad stares; a
kind of notice which served to imprint on Elinor the remembrance of a person
and face, of strong, natural, sterling insignificance, though adorned in the first
style of fashion.%
Marianne was spared from the troublesome feelings of contempt and
resentment, on this impertinent examination of their features, and on the
puppyism of his manner in deciding on all the different horrors of the different
toothpick-cases presented to his inspection, by remaining unconscious of it all;
for she was as well able to collect her thoughts within herself, and be as ignorant
of what was passing around her, in Mr. Gray's shop, as in her own bedroom.
At last the affair was decided. The ivory, the gold, and the pearls, all
received their appointment, and the gentleman having named the last day on
which his existence could be continued without the possession of the toothpick-
case, drew on his gloves with leisurely care, and bestowing another glance on the
Miss Dashwoods, but such a one as seemed rather to demand than express
admiration, walked off with a happy air of real conceit and affected indifference.
Elinor lost no time in bringing her business forward, was on the point of
concluding it, when another gentleman presented himself at her side. She turned
her eyes towards his face, and found him with some surprise to be her brother.
Their affection and pleasure in meeting was just enough to make a very
creditable appearance in Mr. Gray's shop. John Dashwood was really far from
being sorry to see his sisters again; it rather gave them satisfaction; and his
inquiries after their mother were respectful and attentive.
Elinor found that he and Fanny had been in town two days.
"I wished very much to call upon you yesterday," said he, "but it was
impossible, for we were obliged to take Harry to see the wild beasts at Exeter
Exchange; and we spent the rest of the day with Mrs. Ferrars. Harry was vastly
pleased. this morning I had fully intended to call on you, if I could possibly find
a spare half hour, but one has always so much to do on first coming to town. I
am come here to bespeak Fanny a seal. But tomorrow I think I shall certainly be

beasts: (n) stock.
bespeak: (v) augur, reserve, point,
engage, betoken, auspicate, mark,
prefigure, foreshadow; (n, v) argue,
imply.
conceit: (n) pretension, vanity, self-
esteem, pride, assumption, egotism,
fancy, haughtiness, conception,
caprice, quip. ANTONYMS: (n)
humility, timidity, selflessness,
humbleness, reserve.
horrors: (adj) pessimism, vapors,
Thesaurus
spleen, megrims; (n) delirium value, fame.
tremens. pearls: (n) beads, jewelry, jewellery.
imprint: (n, v) mark, stamp, brand, puppyism: (v) man millinery, conceit,
print; (n) impression, effect, feeling; coxcombry, foppery.
(v) engrave, inscribe, emboss, dent. respectful: (adj) deferential, mannerly,
insignificance: (n) unimportance, dutiful, courteous, attentive,
insignificancy, indifference, obedient, reverential, regardful,
immateriality, inconsiderableness, reverent, polite, humble.
slightness, smallness, meanness, ANTONYMS: (adj) cheeky,
littleness, futility, inconsequentiality. impudent, insolent, rude,
ANTONYMS: (n) seriousness, contemptuous, disobedient, scornful,
importance, gravity, appropriateness, nasty, sneering, irreverent, impolite.
 Jane Austen 223

able to call in Berkeley Street, and be introduced to your friend Mrs. Jennings. I
understand she is a woman of very good fortune. And the Middletons too, you
must introduce me to them. As my mother-in-law's relations, I shall be happy to
show them every respect. They are excellent neighbours to you in the country, I
understand."
"Excellent indeed. Their attention to our comfort, their friendliness in every
particular, is more than I can express."
"I am extremely glad to hear it, upon my word; extremely glad indeed. But
so it ought to be; they are people of large fortune, they are related to you, and
every civility and accommodation that can serve to make your situation pleasant
might be reasonably expected. And so you are most comfortably settled in your
little cottage and want for nothing! Edward brought us a most charming account
of the place: the most complete thing of its kind, he said, that ever was, and you
all seemed to enjoy it beyond any thing. It was a great satisfaction to us to hear
it, I assure you."
Elinor did feel a little ashamed of her brother; and was not sorry to be spared
the necessity of answering him, by the arrival of Mrs. Jennings's servant, who
came to tell her that his mistress waited for them at the door.%
Mr. Dashwood attended them down stairs, was introduced to Mrs. Jennings
at the door of her carriage, and repeating his hope of being able to call on them
the next day, took leave.
His visit was duly paid. He came with a pretence at an apology from their
sister-in-law, for not coming too; "but she was so much engaged with her mother,
that really she had no leisure for going any where." Mrs. Jennings, however,
assured him directly, that she should not stand upon ceremony, for they were all
cousins, or something like it, and she should certainly wait on Mrs. John
Dashwood very soon, and bring her sisters to see her. His manners to them,
though calm, were perfectly kind; to Mrs. Jennings, most attentively civil; and on
Colonel Brandon's coming in soon after himself, he eyed him with a curiosity
which seemed to say, that he only wanted to know him to be rich, to be equally
civil to him.
Thesaurus
answering: (adj) respondent, brotherhood, amicableness, falsehood, deception, hypocrisy,
responsive, according, agreeing, accessibility. ANTONYMS: (n) bluff, appearance, pretension.
responsory; (n) respondency. cruelty, aloofness, nastiness, hostility, repeating: (n) repeat, iteration,
duly: (adv) rightfully, correctly, aggression, resistance, resentment, renewal, repetition, redundancy,
punctually, proper, precisely, well, ex frostiness, formality, contention, copying, reduplication; (adj)
officio, accordingly, fairly, belligerence. repetitious, iterating, iterative,
appropriately, properly. mistress: (n) dame, concubine, repetitive.
ANTONYMS: (adv) improperly, madame, inamorata, lady, lover, servant: (n) manservant, domestic,
unsuitable, unlawfully. fancy woman, doxy, girl, kept lackey, maid, employee, flunkey,
friendliness: (n) friendship, geniality, woman, missis. retainer, boy, footman, flunky,
amiability, affability, amicability, pretence: (n) deceit, pretext, menial. ANTONYMS: (n) master,
affection, hospitality, cordiality, dissimulation, pretense, affectation, mistress.
224 Sense and Sensibility

After staying with them half an hour, he asked Elinor to walk with him to
Conduit Street, and introduce him to Sir John and Lady Middleton. The weather
was remarkably fine, and she readily consented. As soon as they were out of the
house, his enquiries began.%
"Who is Colonel Brandon? Is he a man of fortune?"
"Yes; he has very good property in Dorsetshire."
"I am glad of it. He seems a most gentlemanlike man; and I think, Elinor, I
may congratulate you on the prospect of a very respectable establishment in
life."
"Me, brother! what do you mean?"
"He likes you. I observed him narrowly, and am convinced of it. What is the
amount of his fortune?"
"I believe about two thousand a year."
"Two thousand a-year;" and then working himself up to a pitch of
enthusiastic generosity, he added, "Elinor, I wish with all my heart it were twice
as much, for your sake."
"Indeed I believe you," replied Elinor; "but I am very sure that Colonel
Brandon has not the smallest wish of marrying me."
"You are mistaken, Elinor; you are very much mistaken. A very little trouble
on your side secures him. Perhaps just at present he may be undecided; the
smallness of your fortune may make him hang back; his friends may all advise
him against it. But some of those little attentions and encouragements which
ladies can so easily give will fix him, in spite of himself. And there can be no
reason why you should not try for him. It is not to be supposed that any prior
attachment on your side--in short, you know as to an attachment of that kind, it
is quite out of the question, the objections are insurmountable-- you have too
much sense not to see all that. Colonel Brandon must be the man; and no civility
shall be wanting on my part to make him pleased with you and your family. It is
a match that must give universal satisfaction. In short, it is a kind of thing that"--
lowering his voice to an important whisper--"will be exceedingly welcome to all
Thesaurus
advise: (v) recommend, propose, strictly, slenderly, tightly, smally, passable, honest. ANTONYMS: (adj)
warn, inform, acquaint, suggest, contractly, slimly, precisely, nearly. bad, small, sordid, scruffy,
notify, announce, tell, offer, ANTONYMS: (adv) broadly, inadequate, unrespectable, paltry,
forewarn. ANTONYMS: (v) betray, inaccurately. discourteous, inappropriate, sinful,
deceive, delude, fool, trick. prior: (adj) preceding, former, unacceptable.
attachment: (n) appendix, addition, foregoing, previous, earlier, anterior, undecided: (adj) uncertain, doubtful,
accessory, adherence, regard, link, past, preliminary, antecedent, dubious, unresolved, pending,
bond, fitting, devotion, liking, advance; (n) abbot. ANTONYMS: indecisive, irresolute, hesitant,
connection. ANTONYMS: (n) (adj) later, following. debatable, indefinite; (adj, v)
aversion, estrangement, repulsion, respectable: (adj) considerable, undetermined. ANTONYMS: (adj)
separation, dislike. decorous, fair, estimable, decent, certain, determined, sure, settled,
narrowly: (adv) closely, barely, hardly, honorable, good, proper, creditable, definite, decisive.
 Jane Austen 225

parties." Recollecting himself, however, he added, "That is, I mean to say--your

friends are all truly anxious to see you well settled; Fanny particularly, for she
has your interest very much at heart, I assure you. And her mother too, Mrs.
Ferrars, a very good-natured woman, I am sure it would give her great pleasure;
she said as much the other day."
Elinor would not vouchsafe any answer.%
"It would be something remarkable, now," he continued, "something droll, if
Fanny should have a brother and I a sister settling at the same time. And yet it is
not very unlikely."
"Is Mr. Edward Ferrars," said Elinor, with resolution, "going to be married?"
"It is not actually settled, but there is such a thing in agitation. He has a most
excellent mother. Mrs. Ferrars, with the utmost liberality, will come forward, and
settle on him a thousand a year, if the match takes place. The lady is the Hon.
Miss Morton, only daughter of the late Lord Morton, with thirty thousand
pounds. A very desirable connection on both sides, and I have not a doubt of its
taking place in time. A thousand a-year is a great deal for a mother to give away,
to make over for ever; but Mrs. Ferrars has a noble spirit. To give you another
instance of her liberality:--The other day, as soon as we came to town, aware that
money could not be very plenty with us just now, she put bank-notes into
Fanny's hands to the amount of two hundred pounds. And extremely acceptable
it is, for we must live at a great expense while we are here."
He paused for her assent and compassion; and she forced herself to say,
"Your expenses both in town and country must certainly be considerable; but
your income is a large one."
"Not so large, I dare say, as many people suppose. I do not mean to complain,
however; it is undoubtedly a comfortable one, and I hope will in time be better.
The enclosure of Norland Common, now carrying on, is a most serious drain.
And then I have made a little purchase within this half year; East Kingham Farm,
you must remember the place, where old Gibson used to live. The land was so
very desirable for me in every respect, so immediately adjoining my own

adjoining: (adj) contiguous, neighbor,
near, abutting, touching,
conterminous, neighboring,
immediate, next, vicinal; (adj, v) close.
ANTONYMS: (adj) separate, divided,
detached, apart, far.
assent: (n) acceptance, acquiescence,
approval, agreement, compliance,
admission, approbation; (v) accede,
accord, agree; (adj, v) acquiesce.
ANTONYMS: (v) resist, disagree,
disapprove, reject, refuse; (n)
Thesaurus
disagreement, refusal, resistance. illustration, sample, affair, pattern,
drain: (v) deplete, bleed, leak, chance, cause; (v) exemplify,
consume; (adj, v) waste, exhaust, illustrate.
spill; (n) culvert, dike; (adj) cloaca, settling: (n) settlement, subsidence,
dissipate. ANTONYMS: (v) fill, defecation, dregs, clearing, sinking,
replenish, renew, supply, replace, dreg, remission, cave in; (adj)
refresh, increase, conserve, enrich, determining, definitive.
invigorate; (n) ridge. vouchsafe: (v) grant, condescend,
enclosure: (n) appendage, annex, cage, allow, confer, stoop, give, please,
appendix, addendum, barrier, bestow; (n, v) accord; (adv) have the
enclosing, pen, yard, hedge, addition. goodness, will you.
instance: (n) exemplar, case, time,
226 Sense and Sensibility

property, that I felt it my duty to buy it. I could not have answered it to my
conscience to let it fall into any other hands. A man must pay for his
convenience; and it has cost me a vast deal of money."
"More than you think it really and intrinsically worth."
"Why, I hope not that. I might have sold it again, the next day, for more than
I gave: but, with regard to the purchase-money, I might have been very
unfortunate indeed; for the stocks were at that time so low, that if I had not
happened to have the necessary sum in my banker's hands, I must have sold out
to very great loss."
Elinor could only smile.%
"Other great and inevitable expenses too we have had on first coming to
Norland. Our respected father, as you well know, bequeathed all the Stanhill
effects that remained at Norland (and very valuable they were) to your mother.
Far be it from me to repine at his doing so; he had an undoubted right to dispose
of his own property as he chose, but, in consequence of it, we have been obliged
to make large purchases of linen, china, &c. to supply the place of what was
taken away. You may guess, after all these expenses, how very far we must be
from being rich, and how acceptable Mrs. Ferrars's kindness is."
"Certainly," said Elinor; "and assisted by her liberality, I hope you may yet
live to be in easy circumstances."
"Another year or two may do much towards it," he gravely replied; "but
however there is still a great deal to be done. There is not a stone laid of Fanny's
green-house, and nothing but the plan of the flower-garden marked out."
"Where is the green-house to be?"
"Upon the knoll behind the house. The old walnut trees are all come down
to make room for it. It will be a very fine object from many parts of the park, and
the flower-garden will slope down just before it, and be exceedingly pretty. We
have cleared away all the old thorns that grew in patches over the brow."
Elinor kept her concern and her censure to herself; and was very thankful
that Marianne was not present, to share the provocation.
Thesaurus
assisted: (adj) aided. aggravation, exasperation, glorious, famous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
bequeathed: (adj) hereditary. incitement, instigation, annoyance, ordinary, unreliable, weak.
intrinsically: (adv) essentially, excitement, stimulation, affront, trees: (n) foliage.
naturally, internally, inwardly, incentive, defiance. ANTONYMS: (n) undoubted: (adj) unquestionable,
immanently, instinctively, really, in conciliation, arbitration, deterrent, undisputed, indisputable,
and of itself, as such, per se; (adj, adv) disincentive, pleasure. undeniable, sure, positive, true,
innately. repine: (v) kick, grumble, regret, unquestioned, indubitable, definite,
knoll: (n) hill, hillock, mound, quetch, murmur, brood, mourn, unchallenged.
hummock, mount, bank, kopje, languish, whine, lament; (n) sink. walnut: (n) wood, walnut tree; (v)
barrow, hammock; (v) knap; (adj) respected: (adj) illustrious, respectable, succotash, waffle, vanilla, trepang,
mole. ANTONYM: (n) hollow. honored, appreciated, dear, revered, porterhouse steak, supawn, salmis,
provocation: (n) challenge, valued, redoubtable, celebrated, sea slug, sauerkraut.
 Jane Austen 227

Having now said enough to make his poverty clear, and to do away the
necessity of buying a pair of ear-rings for each of his sisters, in his next visit at
Gray's his thoughts took a cheerfuller turn, and he began to congratulate Elinor
on having such a friend as Mrs. Jennings.%
"She seems a most valuable woman indeed--Her house, her style of living, all
bespeak an exceeding good income; and it is an acquaintance that has not only
been of great use to you hitherto, but in the end may prove materially
advantageous.--Her inviting you to town is certainly a vast thing in your favour;
and indeed, it speaks altogether so great a regard for you, that in all probability
when she dies you will not be forgotten.-- She must have a great deal to leave."
"Nothing at all, I should rather suppose; for she has only her jointure, which
will descend to her children."
"But it is not to be imagined that she lives up to her income. Few people of
common prudence will do that; and whatever she saves, she will be able to
dispose of."
"And do you not think it more likely that she should leave it to her daughters,
than to us?"
"Her daughters are both exceedingly well married, and therefore I cannot
perceive the necessity of her remembering them farther. Whereas, in my
opinion, by her taking so much notice of you, and treating you in this kind of
way, she has given you a sort of claim on her future consideration, which a
conscientious woman would not disregard. Nothing can be kinder than her
behaviour; and she can hardly do all this, without being aware of the expectation
it raises."
"But she raises none in those most concerned. Indeed, brother, your anxiety
for our welfare and prosperity carries you too far."
"Why, to be sure," said he, seeming to recollect himself, "people have little,
have very little in their power. But, my dear Elinor, what is the matter with
Marianne?-- she looks very unwell, has lost her colour, and is grown quite thin.
Is she ill?"

Thesaurus
conscientious: (adj) scrupulous, down. ANTONYMS: (v) ascend, appealing, magnetic, captivating,
painstaking, honest, thorough, climb, float, scale, increase, level, prepossessing, seductive, appetizing.
meticulous, dutiful, close, principled, mount. ANTONYMS: (adj) offensive,
strict; (adj, v) ethical, moral. disregard: (n, v) disdain, slight, scorn; repellent, uninviting, unappealing,
ANTONYMS: (adj) sloppy, (n) carelessness, contempt; (v) unwelcoming, bleak, uncomfortable.
unconscientious, immoral, discount, defy, despise, cut, flout; prosperity: (n) affluence, wealth,
irresponsible, unscrupulous, (adj, v) overlook. ANTONYMS: (v) success, flourish, good fortune,
conscienceless, corrupt, dishonest, notice, heed, value, obey, accept, fortune, welfare, opulence,
inexact, slack, slipshod. consider; (n) respect, thoughtfulness, abundance, good, prosperousness.
descend: (v) settle, condescend, down, consideration, attention; (n, v) regard. ANTONYMS: (n) failure,
drop, deign, subside, go down, inviting: (adj) attractive, alluring, fruitlessness, hardship, insufficiency.
dismount, derive, get off, come engaging, tempting, enticing, treating: (adj) remedial.
228 Sense and Sensibility

"She is not well, she has had a nervous complaint on her for several weeks."
"I am sorry for that. At her time of life, any thing of an illness destroys the
bloom for ever! Her's has been a very short one! She was as handsome a girl last
September, as I ever saw; and as likely to attract the man. There was something
in her style of beauty, to please them particularly. I remember Fanny used to say
that she would marry sooner and better than you did; not but what she is
exceedingly fond of you, but so it happened to strike her. She will be mistaken,
however. I question whether Marianne now, will marry a man worth more than
five or six hundred a-year, at the utmost, and I am very much deceived if you do
not do better. Dorsetshire! I know very little of Dorsetshire; but, my dear Elinor,
I shall be exceedingly glad to know more of it; and I think I can answer for your
having Fanny and myself among the earliest and best pleased of your visitors."
Elinor tried very seriously to convince him that there was no likelihood of
her marrying Colonel Brandon; but it was an expectation of too much pleasure to
himself to be relinquished, and he was really resolved on seeking an intimacy
with that gentleman, and promoting the marriage by every possible attention.
He had just compunction enough for having done nothing for his sisters himself,
to be exceedingly anxious that everybody else should do a great deal; and an
offer from Colonel Brandon, or a legacy from Mrs. Jennings, was the easiest
means of atoning for his own neglect.%
They were lucky enough to find Lady Middleton at home, and Sir John came
in before their visit ended. Abundance of civilities passed on all sides. Sir John
was ready to like anybody, and though Mr. Dashwood did not seem to know
much about horses, he soon set him down as a very good-natured fellow: while
Lady Middleton saw enough of fashion in his appearance to think his
acquaintance worth having; and Mr. Dashwood went away delighted with both.
"I shall have a charming account to carry to Fanny," said he, as he walked
back with his sister. "Lady Middleton is really a most elegant woman! Such a
woman as I am sure Fanny will be glad to know. And Mrs. Jennings too, an
exceedingly well-behaved woman, though not so elegant as her daughter. Your
sister need not have any scruple even of visiting her, which, to say the truth, has

abundance: (adj) plenty; (n) plenitude,
store, richness, profusion, amplitude,
exuberance, affluence, treasure,
enough; (adj, n) riches. ANTONYMS:
(n) scarcity, shortage, insufficiency,
lack, aridity, scarceness, paucity,
emptiness, fruitlessness, bareness.
atoning: (v) atone; (adj) apologetic,
expiatory, penitent, piacular,
satisfactory.
compunction: (n) repentance, remorse,
contrition, qualm, penance, regret,
Thesaurus
compassion, rue, scruple, sorrow,
guilt. ANTONYMS: (n) hardness,
indifference, meanness,
remorselessness.
likelihood: (n) chance, odds,
probability, eventuality, expectation, falter, question.
likeliness, prospect, expectancy,
verisimilitude, appearance, option.
ANTONYM: (n) improbability.
promoting: (n) promotion,
advertising; (adj) cultural, featuring.
relinquished: (adj) forsaken, deserted,
derelict, unoccupied, given,
surrendered.
scruple: (adj, v) hesitate, demur, pause;
(n) hesitation, qualm, misgiving,
distrust, objection; (n, v) mistrust; (v)
well-behaved: (adj) wily, untoward,
shrewd, sulky, perverse, oppose,
obstinate, lovely, cunning, artful,
crafty.
 Jane Austen 229

been a little the case, and very naturally; for we only knew that Mrs. Jennings
was the widow of a man who had got all his money in a low way; and Fanny and
Mrs. Ferrars were both strongly prepossessed, that neither she nor her daughters
were such kind of women as Fanny would like to associate with. But now I can
carry her a most satisfactory account of both."%

Thesaurus
associate: (n, v) affiliate, connect, link; (adv) artificially, surprisingly, ANTONYMS: (adj) inadequate,
(n) partner, fellow, companion, uncharacteristically, pretentiously, unacceptable, poor, appalling,
assistant, accomplice, adjunct; (v) unusually, abnormally, affectedly, disagreeable, bad, intolerable.
company, relate. ANTONYMS: (v) shyly. strongly: (adv) firmly, vigorously,
avoid, distance, separate, disconnect, prepossessed: (adj) infatuated, robustly, violently, solidly,
clear, divide, estrange; (adj) chief; (n) jaundiced, forepossessed, partial, vehemently, sturdily, hardily,
stranger, rival, competitor. partisan, colored, obsessed, mightily, energetically, severely.
naturally: (adv, int) of course; (adv) preoccupied. ANTONYMS: (adv) mildly, dimly,
spontaneously, unaffectedly, satisfactory: (adj) adequate, faintly, feebly, gently, loosely,
natively, openly, essentially, course, competent, sufficient, good, slightly, submissively, thinly,
by nature, understandably, normally; acceptable, ample, fair, tolerable, languorously, impassively.
(adj, adv) innately. ANTONYMS: decent, presentable, plenty. women: (n) sex, gentle sex.
 Jane Austen 231

CHAPTER 34

Mrs. John Dashwood had so much confidence in her husband's judgment,

that she waited the very next day both on Mrs. Jennings and her daughter; and
her confidence was rewarded by finding even the former, even the woman with
whom her sisters were staying, by no means unworthy her notice; and as for
Lady Middleton, she found her one of the most charming women in the world!
Lady Middleton was equally pleased with Mrs. Dashwood. There was a kind
of cold hearted selfishness on both sides, which mutually attracted them; and
they sympathised with each other in an insipid propriety of demeanor, and a
general want of understanding.%
The same manners, however, which recommended Mrs. John Dashwood to
the good opinion of Lady Middleton did not suit the fancy of Mrs. Jennings, and
to her she appeared nothing more than a little proud-looking woman of
uncordial address, who met her husband's sisters without any affection, and
almost without having anything to say to them; for of the quarter of an hour
bestowed on Berkeley Street, she sat at least seven minutes and a half in silence.
Elinor wanted very much to know, though she did not chuse to ask, whether
Edward was then in town; but nothing would have induced Fanny voluntarily
to mention his name before her, till able to tell her that his marriage with Miss
Morton was resolved on, or till her husband's expectations on Colonel Brandon
were answered; because she believed them still so very much attached to each
Thesaurus
attached: (adj) affectionate, committed, bilaterally, communally, sharedly. selflessness, sensitivity,
affiliated, associated, devoted, fond, ANTONYM: (adv) alone. thoughtfulness, conformity,
loving, loyal, near, added; (n) rewarded: (v) crowned, honored, generosity.
attachment. ANTONYMS: (adj) excessive, consummated; (adj) uncordial: (adj) unfriendly, unfeeling.
separate, unmarried, unattached, salaried, pleased, paid, happy, voluntarily: (adv) spontaneously,
vagile, free, distant. satisfied, remunerated, content. willingly, intentionally, willfully,
demeanor: (n, v) bearing, conduct; (n) ANTONYM: (adj) frustrated. volunteerly, deliberately,
carriage, air, deportment, attitude, selfishness: (n) greed, egotism, gratuitously, readily, optionally,
manner, behaviour, guise, mien, port. greediness, meanness, individuality, independently, unforcedly.
mutually: (adv) jointly, commonly, opportunism, expedience, ANTONYMS: (adv) obligatory,
together, mutual, collectively, individualism, self, selfness, selfish. reluctantly, forced, grudgingly,
publically, unitedly, publicly, ANTONYMS: (n) altruism, unwillingly.
232 Sense and Sensibility

other, that they could not be too sedulously divided in word and deed on every
occasion. The intelligence however, which she would not give, soon flowed from
another quarter. Lucy came very shortly to claim Elinor's compassion on being
unable to see Edward, though he had arrived in town with Mr. and Mrs.
Dashwood. He dared not come to Bartlett's Buildings for fear of detection, and
though their mutual impatience to meet, was not to be told, they could do
nothing at present but write.%
Edward assured them himself of his being in town, within a very short time,
by twice calling in Berkeley Street. Twice was his card found on the table, when
they returned from their morning's engagements. Elinor was pleased that he had
called; and still more pleased that she had missed him.
The Dashwoods were so prodigiously delighted with the Middletons, that,
though not much in the habit of giving anything, they determined to give them--
a dinner; and soon after their acquaintance began, invited them to dine in Harley
Street, where they had taken a very good house for three months. Their sisters
and Mrs. Jennings were invited likewise, and John Dashwood was careful to
secure Colonel Brandon, who, always glad to be where the Miss Dashwoods
were, received his eager civilities with some surprise, but much more pleasure.
They were to meet Mrs. Ferrars; but Elinor could not learn whether her sons
were to be of the party. The expectation of seeing her, however, was enough to
make her interested in the engagement; for though she could now meet Edward's
mother without that strong anxiety which had once promised to attend such an
introduction, though she could now see her with perfect indifference as to her
opinion of herself, her desire of being in company with Mrs. Ferrars, her
curiosity to know what she was like, was as lively as ever.
The interest with which she thus anticipated the party, was soon afterwards
increased, more powerfully than pleasantly, by her hearing that the Miss Steeles
were also to be at it.
So well had they recommended themselves to Lady Middleton, so agreeable
had their assiduities made them to her, that though Lucy was certainly not so
elegant, and her sister not even genteel, she was as ready as Sir John to ask them

deed: (n) accomplishment, act, feat,
behavior, action, exploit, covenant,
doing, document, title, fact.
ANTONYM: (n) failure.
detection: (n) revelation,
demodulation, detecting, uncovering,
unearthing, disclosure, spotting,
spying, sense, recognition, catching.
ANTONYM: (n) concealment.
invited: (adj) welcomer, wanted,
cherished.
pleasantly: (adv) pleasingly, nicely,
Thesaurus
cheerily, enjoyably, agreeably,
delightfully, sunnily, genially,
gratifyingly, kindly; (adv, v) happily. prodigiously: (adv) astonishingly,
ANTONYMS: (adv) disagreeably,
offensively, awfully, discordantly,
dreadfully, shockingly, unkindly,
irritably, harshly, curtly, nastily.
powerfully: (adv) strongly, potently,
vigorously, puissantly, effectively,
forcefully, robustly, intensely,
violently, hardily, firmly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) gently, faintly,
powerlessly, slightly, mildly, feebly,
ineffectively, loosely, calmly.
enormously, immensely, vastly,
marvelously, exceptionally,
colossally, largely, wonderfully,
hugely, tremendously.
sedulously: (adv) industriously,
assiduously, studiously, earnestly,
attentively, intently, painstakingly,
perseveringly, laboriously, fixedly,
eagerly.
 Jane Austen 233

to spend a week or two in Conduit Street; and it happened to be particularly

convenient to the Miss Steeles, as soon as the Dashwoods' invitation was known,
that their visit should begin a few days before the party took place.%
Their claims to the notice of Mrs. John Dashwood, as the nieces of the
gentleman who for many years had had the care of her brother, might not have
done much, however, towards procuring them seats at her table; but as Lady
Middleton's guests they must be welcome; and Lucy, who had long wanted to be
personally known to the family, to have a nearer view of their characters and her
own difficulties, and to have an opportunity of endeavouring to please them,
had seldom been happier in her life, than she was on receiving Mrs. John
Dashwood's card.
On Elinor its effect was very different. She began immediately to determine,
that Edward who lived with his mother, must be asked as his mother was, to a
party given by his sister; and to see him for the first time, after all that passed, in
the company of Lucy!--she hardly knew how she could bear it!
These apprehensions, perhaps, were not founded entirely on reason, and
certainly not at all on truth. They were relieved however, not by her own
recollection, but by the good will of Lucy, who believed herself to be inflicting a
severe disappointment when she told her that Edward certainly would not be in
Harley Street on Tuesday, and even hoped to be carrying the pain still farther by
persuading her that he was kept away by the extreme affection for herself, which
he could not conceal when they were together.
The important Tuesday came that was to introduce the two young ladies to
this formidable mother-in-law.
"Pity me, dear Miss Dashwood!" said Lucy, as they walked up the stairs
together--for the Middletons arrived so directly after Mrs. Jennings, that they all
followed the servant at the same time--"There is nobody here but you, that can
feel for me.--I declare I can hardly stand. Good gracious!--In a moment I shall see
the person that all my happiness depends on--that is to be my mother!"--

conceal: (v) hide, disguise, bury,
screen, cloak, smother, shield,
suppress, mask, obscure; (n, v) veil.
ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, show,
expose, divulge, clarify, uncover,
disclose, tell, admit, spotlight, flaunt. dreadful, fearful, uphill, trying,
disappointment: (n) anticlimax,
failure, letdown, comedown,
frustration, shame, disillusionment,
annoyance, dismay, setback,
misfortune. ANTONYMS: (n)
satisfaction, boost, happiness,
Thesaurus
pleasure, hopefulness, fulfillment,
comfort, idealism, climax, bonus,
gratification.
formidable: (adj) grim, appalling,
awful, difficult, forbidding, heavy,
tough. ANTONYMS: (adj)
insignificant, easy, comforting, feeble,
cheerful.
guests: (n) guest, visitors.
nearer: (adj) adjacent, narre, hither;
(adv) more rapidly, sooner, quicker,
nigher, NER, faster, earlier, Neer.
relieved: (adj) alleviated, thankful,
mitigated, prominent, pleased, joyful,
fresh, delighted, comfortable,
cheerful, happy. ANTONYM: (adj)
worried.
seldom: (adj) scarce, rare, few,
infrequent; (adv) occasionally,
infrequently, uncommonly, hardly,
scarcely, not often, once in a blue
moon. ANTONYMS: (adv) often,
seldom.
234 Sense and Sensibility

Elinor could have given her immediate relief by suggesting the possibility of
its being Miss Morton's mother, rather than her own, whom they were about to
behold; but instead of doing that, she assured her, and with great sincerity, that
she did pity her--to the utter amazement of Lucy, who, though really
uncomfortable herself, hoped at least to be an object of irrepressible envy to
Elinor.%
Mrs. Ferrars was a little, thin woman, upright, even to formality, in her
figure, and serious, even to sourness, in her aspect. Her complexion was sallow;
and her features small, without beauty, and naturally without expression; but a
lucky contraction of the brow had rescued her countenance from the disgrace of
insipidity, by giving it the strong characters of pride and ill nature. She was not a
woman of many words; for, unlike people in general, she proportioned them to
the number of her ideas; and of the few syllables that did escape her, not one fell
to the share of Miss Dashwood, whom she eyed with the spirited determination
of disliking her at all events.
Elinor could not now be made unhappy by this behaviour.-- A few months
ago it would have hurt her exceedingly; but it was not in Mrs. Ferrars' power to
distress her by it now;-- and the difference of her manners to the Miss Steeles, a
difference which seemed purposely made to humble her more, only amused her.
She could not but smile to see the graciousness of both mother and daughter
towards the very person-- for Lucy was particularly distinguished--whom of all
others, had they known as much as she did, they would have been most anxious
to mortify; while she herself, who had comparatively no power to wound them,
sat pointedly slighted by both. But while she smiled at a graciousness so
misapplied, she could not reflect on the mean-spirited folly from which it
sprung, nor observe the studied attentions with which the Miss Steeles courted
its continuance, without thoroughly despising them all four.
Lucy was all exultation on being so honorably distinguished; and Miss Steele
wanted only to be teazed about Dr. Davies to be perfectly happy.
The dinner was a grand one, the servants were numerous, and every thing
bespoke the Mistress's inclination for show, and the Master's ability to support

Thesaurus
bespoke: (adj) bespoken, custom, impoliteness, malignity, unkindness, demean, depress; (n, v) chagrin; (adj,
engaged, affianced, commissioned, cruelty, incivility. v) confuse.
customized, made to measure, made honorably: (adv) nobly, honourably, proportioned: (adj) attemperate,
to order, modified, personalized, justly, fairly, decently, commendably, shapely, regular, properly adapted,
specially made. with honor, heroically, creditably, even, balanced. ANTONYM: (adj)
despising: (n) despisal, contempt, respectably, worthily. ANTONYMS: asymmetrical.
despisement; (adj) disdainful. (adv) disgracefully, dishonorably, sourness: (n) acerbity, tartness,
graciousness: (n) benignity, goodness, sinfully, unfairly. bitterness, sour, sharpness,
kindness, gentleness, good manners, misapplied: (adj) abusive, cheating, moroseness, acidulousness, ill nature,
blandness, benignancy, gallantry, fraudulent. keenness, huffishness, moral
civility, grace, benevolence. mortify: (v) humble, disgrace, abase, roughness. ANTONYMS: (n)
ANTONYMS: (n) ungraciousness, crush, embarrass, degrade, shame, kindness, warmth, sugariness.
 Jane Austen 235

it. In spite of the improvements and additions which were making to the
Norland estate, and in spite of its owner having once been within some thousand
pounds of being obliged to sell out at a loss, nothing gave any symptom of that
indigence which he had tried to infer from it;-- no poverty of any kind, except of
conversation, appeared-- but there, the deficiency was considerable. John
Dashwood had not much to say for himself that was worth hearing, and his wife
had still less. But there was no peculiar disgrace in this; for it was very much the
case with the chief of their visitors, who almost all laboured under one or other
of these disqualifications for being agreeable--Want of sense, either natural or
improved--want of elegance--want of spirits--or want of temper.%
When the ladies withdrew to the drawing-room after dinner, this poverty
was particularly evident, for the gentlemen had supplied the discourse with some
variety--the variety of politics, inclosing land, and breaking horses--but then it
was all over; and one subject only engaged the ladies till coffee came in, which
was the comparative heights of Harry Dashwood, and Lady Middleton's second
son William, who were nearly of the same age.
Had both the children been there, the affair might have been determined too
easily by measuring them at once; but as Harry only was present, it was all
conjectural assertion on both sides; and every body had a right to be equally
positive in their opinion, and to repeat it over and over again as often as they
liked.
The parties stood thus:
The two mothers, though each really convinced that her own son was the
tallest, politely decided in favour of the other.
The two grandmothers, with not less partiality, but more sincerity, were
equally earnest in support of their own descendant.
Lucy, who was hardly less anxious to please one parent than the other,
thought the boys were both remarkably tall for their age, and could not conceive
that there could be the smallest difference in the world between them; and Miss
Steele, with yet greater address gave it, as fast as she could, in favour of each.

additions: (n) accompaniments,
accessions, embellishments,
trappings.
comparative: (adj) qualified,
proportionate, illustrative,
approximate, near. ANTONYMS:
(adj) absolute, unlike, far, unequal.
descendant: (adj, n) descendent; (n)
offspring, progeny, scion, offshoot,
successor, relation, heir, derivative,
follower, sprig. ANTONYMS: (n)
precursor, progenitor, parent,
Thesaurus
forebear, ascendant, predecessor.
disgrace: (adj, n, v) dishonor; (n, v)
discredit, shame, stain, blemish, blot,
slur, reproach; (v) degrade, debase;
(n) degradation. ANTONYMS: (n, v)
respect, esteem, credit; (v) glorify,
dignify, praise; (n) merit, grace,
pride, rise, worthiness.
heights: (n) place, elevation, high
places, high, heaven.
inclosing: (adj) inclusive, surrounding.
indigence: (n) need, poverty, beggary,
penury, pauperism, neediness,
misery, impoverishment, necessity;
(n, v) destitution, want.
ANTONYMS: (n) luxury, wealth.
laboured: (adj) labored, forced,
arduous, hard, strained, difficult,
laborious, grievous, grave, weighty,
unnatural.
symptom: (n) indication, note, mark,
evidence, manifestation, token,
signal, characteristic, omen,
Trousseau's sign, ague.
236 Sense and Sensibility

Elinor, having once delivered her opinion on William's side, by which she
offended Mrs. Ferrars and Fanny still more, did not see the necessity of
enforcing it by any farther assertion; and Marianne, when called on for her's,
offended them all, by declaring that she had no opinion to give, as she had never
thought about it.%
Before her removing from Norland, Elinor had painted a very pretty pair of
screens for her sister-in-law, which being now just mounted and brought home,
ornamented her present drawing room; and these screens, catching the eye of
John Dashwood on his following the other gentlemen into the room, were
officiously handed by him to Colonel Brandon for his admiration.
"These are done by my eldest sister," said he; "and you, as a man of taste, will,
I dare say, be pleased with them. I do not know whether you have ever
happened to see any of her performances before, but she is in general reckoned
to draw extremely well."
The Colonel, though disclaiming all pretensions to connoisseurship, warmly
admired the screens, as he would have done any thing painted by Miss
Dashwood; and on the curiosity of the others being of course excited, they were
handed round for general inspection. Mrs. Ferrars, not aware of their being
Elinor's work, particularly requested to look at them; and after they had received
gratifying testimony of Lady Middletons's approbation, Fanny presented them to
her mother, considerately informing her, at the same time, that they were done
by Miss Dashwood.
"Hum"--said Mrs. Ferrars--"very pretty,"--and without regarding them at all,
returned them to her daughter.
Perhaps Fanny thought for a moment that her mother had been quite rude
enough,--for, colouring a little, she immediately said,
"They are very pretty, ma'am--an't they?" But then again, the dread of having
been too civil, too encouraging herself, probably came over her, for she presently
added,

connoisseurship: (n) discernment,
taste, artistic quality, vertu,
appreciation, virtu.
considerately: (adv) thoughtfully,
attentively, politely, obligingly,
discreetly, solicitously, humanely,
circumspectly, courteously,
graciously, sympathetically.
ANTONYMS: (adv) unkindly, rudely,
thoughtlessly, tactlessly,
inconsiderately, uncooperatively,
cruelly, harshly, insensitively.
Thesaurus
declaring: (adj) affirming, predicant.
dread: (n, v) apprehension, fear, panic; ANTONYM: (adj) unmounted.
(n) anxiety, awe, consternation,
alarm, trepidation, dismay,
foreboding, terror. ANTONYMS:
(adj) pleasing, welcomed, pleasant;
(v) welcome, want; (n) reassurance,
fearlessness, confidence, security,
ease, calm.
enforcing: (v) enforce.
gentlemen: (n) sirs, messieurs.
mounted: (adj) equestrian, mounting,
mounts, set, firm, affixed, decorated.
officiously: (adv) meddlesomely,
overbearingly, busily, impertinently,
meddlingly, bossily, intrusively,
obtrusively, imperiously, rudely,
dictatorially.
ornamented: (adj) embellished,
beautified, fancy, flowery, ornate,
adorned, bedecked, decked,
festooned, feathered, florid.
 Jane Austen 237

"Do you not think they are something in Miss Morton's style of painting,
Ma'am?--She does paint most delightfully!--How beautifully her last landscape is
done!"
"Beautifully indeed! But she does every thing well."
Marianne could not bear this.--She was already greatly displeased with Mrs.
Ferrars; and such ill-timed praise of another, at Elinor's expense, though she had
not any notion of what was principally meant by it, provoked her immediately to
say with warmth,
"This is admiration of a very particular kind!-- what is Miss Morton to us?--
who knows, or who cares, for her?--it is Elinor of whom we think and speak."
And so saying, she took the screens out of her sister-in-law's hands, to admire
them herself as they ought to be admired.%
Mrs. Ferrars looked exceedingly angry, and drawing herself up more stiffly
than ever, pronounced in retort this bitter philippic, "Miss Morton is Lord
Morton's daughter."
Fanny looked very angry too, and her husband was all in a fright at his
sister's audacity. Elinor was much more hurt by Marianne's warmth than she
had been by what produced it; but Colonel Brandon's eyes, as they were fixed on
Marianne, declared that he noticed only what was amiable in it, the affectionate
heart which could not bear to see a sister slighted in the smallest point.
Marianne's feelings did not stop here. The cold insolence of Mrs. Ferrars's
general behaviour to her sister, seemed, to her, to foretell such difficulties and
distresses to Elinor, as her own wounded heart taught her to think of with
horror; and urged by a strong impulse of affectionate sensibility, she moved after
a moment, to her sister's chair, and putting one arm round her neck, and one
cheek close to hers, said in a low, but eager, voice,
"Dear, dear Elinor, don't mind them. Don't let them make you unhappy."
She could say no more; her spirits were quite overcome, and hiding her face
on Elinor's shoulder, she burst into tears. Every body's attention was called, and
almost every body was concerned.--Colonel Brandon rose up and went to them
Thesaurus
audacity: (n) nerve, audaciousness, bode, predict, presage, announce, harangue, bill, broadsheet,
effrontery, arrogance, temerity, calculate, portend, prophesy, denouncement, denunciation, flier,
cheek, impertinence, insolence, forebode. flyer, fulmination, handbill.
courage; (n, v) impudence; (adj, n) impulse: (n) pulse, urge, impulsion, retort: (n, v) answer, return, riposte;
presumption. ANTONYMS: (n) force, motive, whim, drive, goad, (n) response, rejoinder, repartee,
cowardice, propriety, decorum, motivation, momentum, incentive. comeback; (v) respond, repay, rejoin,
circumspection, courtesy, fear, ANTONYMS: (n) aversion, alembic.
respect, spinelessness, reticence. disincentive, disinclination. stiffly: (adv) firmly, stiff, awkwardly,
fanny: (n) bottom, buttocks, arse, paint: (n, v) color, tint; (v) daub, coat, unbendingly, difficultly, woodenly,
rump, rear, posterior, bum, backside, decorate, varnish, depict, enamel, strongly, formally, stringently,
can, fundament, hindquarters. lacquer, apply; (n) painting. clumsily, strictly. ANTONYM: (adv)
foretell: (v) forecast, anticipate, augur, philippic: (n) diatribe, broadside, loosely.
238 Sense and Sensibility

without knowing what he did.--Mrs. Jennings, with a very intelligent "Ah! poor
dear," immediately gave her her salts; and Sir John felt so desperately enraged
against the author of this nervous distress, that he instantly changed his seat to
one close by Lucy Steele, and gave her, in a whisper, a brief account of the whole
shocking affair.%
In a few minutes, however, Marianne was recovered enough to put an end to
the bustle, and sit down among the rest; though her spirits retained the
impression of what had passed, the whole evening.
"Poor Marianne!" said her brother to Colonel Brandon, in a low voice, as soon
as he could secure his attention,-- "She has not such good health as her sister,--
she is very nervous,--she has not Elinor's constitution;--and one must allow that
there is something very trying to a young woman who has been a beauty in the
loss of her personal attractions. You would not think it perhaps, but Marianne
was remarkably handsome a few months ago; quite as handsome as Elinor.--
Now you see it is all gone."

desperately: (adv) forlornly,
despairingly, hopelessly, terribly,
extremely, despondently, recklessly,
seriously, wretchedly; (adj, adv)
severely, madly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
hopefully, easily, optimistically,
trivially, cheerfully, slightly,
sluggishly, hardly.
enraged: (adj) angered, furious,
infuriated, irate, mad, livid, incensed,
exasperated, raging, irritated, boiling.
gave: (v) deliver, allow, allot, provide,
Thesaurus
furnish, impart, administer; (n) gives.
instantly: (adv, n) directly; (adj, adv)
immediately, at once; (adv)
instantaneously, promptly, forthwith,
now, readily, quickly, momently,
momentarily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
later, slowly, gradually.
intelligent: (adj) intellectual, astute,
sensible, alert, rational, quick-witted,
bright, cunning, gifted,
knowledgeable, brilliant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dim, thick, slow,
stupid, dull, foolish.
remarkably: (adj, adv) outstandingly,
markedly, conspicuously,
particularly, prominently; (adv)
signally, uncommonly, surprisingly,
extremely, wonderfully, curiously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) normally,
slightly, poorly, unexceptionally.
retained: (adj) maintained, reserved,
durable, haunting, lasting, not shed,
permanent, persistent, relentless,
repaired, aeonian.
 Jane Austen 239

CHAPTER 35

Elinor's curiosity to see Mrs. Ferrars was satisfied.-- She had found in her
every thing that could tend to make a farther connection between the families
undesirable.-- She had seen enough of her pride, her meanness, and her
determined prejudice against herself, to comprehend all the difficulties that must
have perplexed the engagement, and retarded the marriage, of Edward and
herself, had he been otherwise free;--and she had seen almost enough to be
thankful for her own sake, that one greater obstacle preserved her from suffering
under any other of Mrs. Ferrars's creation, preserved her from all dependence
upon her caprice, or any solicitude for her good opinion. Or at least, if she did
not bring herself quite to rejoice in Edward's being fettered to Lucy, she
determined, that had Lucy been more amiable, she ought to have rejoiced.%
She wondered that Lucy's spirits could be so very much elevated by the
civility of Mrs. Ferrars;--that her interest and her vanity should so very much
blind her as to make the attention which seemed only paid her because she was
not Elinor, appear a compliment to herself--or to allow her to derive
encouragement from a preference only given her, because her real situation was
unknown. But that it was so, had not only been declared by Lucy's eyes at the
time, but was declared over again the next morning more openly, for at her
particular desire, Lady Middleton set her down in Berkeley Street on the chance
of seeing Elinor alone, to tell her how happy she was.

Thesaurus
caprice: (n) fancy, fantasy, humor, degeneracy. ANTONYMS: (n) complain.
quirk, freak, notion, impulse, fit, generosity, extravagance, decency. retarded: (adj) slow, tardy, imbecile,
capriccio, fad, vagary. ANTONYMS: perplexed: (adj) confused, puzzled, belated, delayed, simple, obtuse,
(n) plan, strategy, blueprint, reality. baffled, confounded, doubtful, leisurely, dull, deferred, defective.
derive: (v) stem, acquire, draw, distracted, disconcerted; (adj, v) ANTONYM: (adj) precocious.
deduct, come, result, extract, educe, intricate, complicated, lost, involved. vanity: (n) egotism, pride, emptiness,
infer, gain, elicit. ANTONYM: (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) unperplexed, arrogance, futility, inanity, vainglory,
invent. assured, clear, knowing. conceitedness, pretension,
meanness: (n) parsimony, closeness, rejoice: (v) cheer, gladden, triumph, pomposity; (adj, n) amour propre.
pettiness, avarice, selfishness, revel, jubilate, gratify, gloat, please; ANTONYMS: (n) selflessness,
baseness, stinginess, niggardliness, (n, v) delight, glory, joy. humility, importance, value,
miserliness, nastiness; (adj, n) ANTONYMS: (v) lament, mourn, effectiveness.
240 Sense and Sensibility

The chance proved a lucky one, for a message from Mrs. Palmer soon after
she arrived, carried Mrs. Jennings away.%
"My dear friend," cried Lucy, as soon as they were by themselves, "I come to
talk to you of my happiness. Could anything be so flattering as Mrs. Ferrars's
way of treating me yesterday? So exceeding affable as she was!--You know how
I dreaded the thoughts of seeing her;-- but the very moment I was introduced,
there was such an affability in her behaviour as really should seem to say, she
had quite took a fancy to me. Now was not it so?-- You saw it all; and was not
you quite struck with it?"
"She was certainly very civil to you."
"Civil!--Did you see nothing but only civility?-- I saw a vast deal more. Such
kindness as fell to the share of nobody but me!--No pride, no hauteur, and your
sister just the same--all sweetness and affability!"
Elinor wished to talk of something else, but Lucy still pressed her to own that
she had reason for her happiness; and Elinor was obliged to go on.--
"Undoubtedly, if they had known your engagement," said she, "nothing
could be more flattering than their treatment of you;--but as that was not the
case"--
"I guessed you would say so"--replied Lucy quickly--"but there was no reason
in the world why Mrs. Ferrars should seem to like me, if she did not, and her
liking me is every thing. You shan't talk me out of my satisfaction. I am sure it
will all end well, and there will be no difficulties at all, to what I used to think.
Mrs. Ferrars is a charming woman, and so is your sister. They are both delightful
women, indeed!--I wonder I should never hear you say how agreeable Mrs.
Dashwood was!"
To this Elinor had no answer to make, and did not attempt any.
"Are you ill, Miss Dashwood?--you seem low--you don't speak;--sure you an't
well."
"I never was in better health."

affability: (n) geniality, courtesy,
cordiality, amiability, affableness,
politeness, friendliness, amenity,
sociability, kindness, amiableness.
ANTONYMS: (n) unfriendliness,
frostiness, incivility, remoteness,
reserve, rudeness.
affable: (adj) civil, gracious, polite,
friendly, courteous, amiable, genial,
approachable, sociable, decent,
pleasant. ANTONYMS: (adj)
reserved, hostile, unfriendly,
Thesaurus
complaining, cold, impolite,
miserable, grumbling, grouchy,
distant, disdainful.
dreaded: (adj) awful, terrible,
cowardly, causing horror, dire,
direful, desperate, dreadful, fearful,
fearsome; (v) drad.
happiness: (n) delight, merriment,
ecstasy, welfare, gladness, luck,
cheerfulness, blessedness, bliss,
felicity, contentment. ANTONYMS:
(n) sadness, despair, grief, misery,
dissatisfaction, seriousness, dullness,
discontent, dejection, gloominess,
displeasure.
hauteur: (n) arrogance, pride, disdain,
conceit, assumption, conceitedness,
insolence, loftiness, lordliness, airs,
elegance. ANTONYM: (n) modesty.
pressed: (adj) compact, urgent,
printed, pressing, press, stamped,
pushed, impelled, incited, bound,
driven.
 Jane Austen 241

"I am glad of it with all my heart; but really you did not look it. I should be
sorry to have you ill; you, that have been the greatest comfort to me in the world!-
-Heaven knows what I should have done without your friendship."--
Elinor tried to make a civil answer, though doubting her own success. But it
seemed to satisfy Lucy, for she directly replied,
"Indeed I am perfectly convinced of your regard for me, and next to Edward's
love, it is the greatest comfort I have.--Poor Edward!--But now there is one good
thing, we shall be able to meet, and meet pretty often, for Lady Middleton's
delighted with Mrs. Dashwood, so we shall be a good deal in Harley Street, I
dare say, and Edward spends half his time with his sister--besides, Lady
Middleton and Mrs. Ferrars will visit now;-- and Mrs. Ferrars and your sister
were both so good to say more than once, they should always be glad to see me.--
They are such charming women!--I am sure if ever you tell your sister what I
think of her, you cannot speak too high."
But Elinor would not give her any encouragement to hope that she should tell
her sister. Lucy continued.%
"I am sure I should have seen it in a moment, if Mrs. Ferrars had took a
dislike to me. If she had only made me a formal courtesy, for instance, without
saying a word, and never after had took any notice of me, and never looked at
me in a pleasant way--you know what I mean--if I had been treated in that
forbidding sort of way, I should have gave it all up in despair. I could not have
stood it. For where she does dislike, I know it is most violent."
Elinor was prevented from making any reply to this civil triumph, by the
door's being thrown open, the servant's announcing Mr. Ferrars, and Edward's
immediately walking in.
It was a very awkward moment; and the countenance of each shewed that it
was so. They all looked exceedingly foolish; and Edward seemed to have as
great an inclination to walk out of the room again, as to advance farther into it.
The very circumstance, in its unpleasantest form, which they would each have
been most anxious to avoid, had fallen on them.--They were not only all three

Thesaurus
courtesy: (adj, n) civility, dismay, discouragement, pessimism, forbidding: (adj) grim, ominous,
complaisance; (n) propriety, chivalry, sorrow. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, dismal, dour, austere, abominable,
comity, politeness, gallantry, hopefulness, expectation, joy, cheer, ugly, hard, repulsive, redoubtable;
decency, attention, breeding, cheerfulness, resilience, elation, (n) banning. ANTONYMS: (adj)
etiquette. ANTONYMS: (n) rudeness, joyfulness. alluring, inviting, pleasant,
discourtesy, unkindness, informality, foolish: (adj) childish, fool, crazy, hospitable, friendly, favorable,
impoliteness, disservice, dumb, daft, fatuous, stupid, unwise, comforting.
brusqueness, incivility, vulgarity, preposterous, dopey; (adj, n) silly. satisfy: (v) please, persuade, meet,
crudeness, neglect. ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, sensible, satiate, indulge, sate, appease; (adj, v)
despair: (n) disappointment, shrewd, prudent, visionary, content, fill, suffice, do.
desolation, dejection, melancholy, diplomatic, levelheaded, sane, ANTONYMS: (v) intensify, displease,
gloom, desperation, depression, rational, mature, judicious. disappoint, disgruntle, frustrate.
242 Sense and Sensibility

together, but were together without the relief of any other person. The ladies
recovered themselves first. It was not Lucy's business to put herself forward,
and the appearance of secrecy must still be kept up. She could therefore only look
her tenderness, and after slightly addressing him, said no more.%
But Elinor had more to do; and so anxious was she, for his sake and her own,
to do it well, that she forced herself, after a moment's recollection, to welcome
him, with a look and manner that were almost easy, and almost open; and
another struggle, another effort still improved them. She would not allow the
presence of Lucy, nor the consciousness of some injustice towards herself, to
deter her from saying that she was happy to see him, and that she had very
much regretted being from home, when he called before in Berkeley Street. She
would not be frightened from paying him those attentions which, as a friend and
almost a relation, were his due, by the observant eyes of Lucy, though she soon
perceived them to be narrowly watching her.
Her manners gave some re-assurance to Edward, and he had courage enough
to sit down; but his embarrassment still exceeded that of the ladies in a
proportion, which the case rendered reasonable, though his sex might make it
rare; for his heart had not the indifference of Lucy's, nor could his conscience
have quite the ease of Elinor's.
Lucy, with a demure and settled air, seemed determined to make no
contribution to the comfort of the others, and would not say a word; and almost
every thing that was said, proceeded from Elinor, who was obliged to volunteer
all the information about her mother's health, their coming to town, &c. which
Edward ought to have inquired about, but never did.
Her exertions did not stop here; for she soon afterwards felt herself so
heroically disposed as to determine, under pretence of fetching Marianne, to
leave the others by themselves; and she really did it, and that in the handsomest
manner, for she loitered away several minutes on the landing-place, with the
most high-minded fortitude, before she went to her sister. When that was once
done, however, it was time for the raptures of Edward to cease; for Marianne's
joy hurried her into the drawing-room immediately. Her pleasure in seeing him

demure: (adj) humble, modest, coy,
reserved, prim, bashful, shy, retiring,
timid; (adj, v) sober, grave.
ANTONYMS: (adj) bold, outgoing,
extroverted, loudmouthed,
boisterous, decadent, exciting,
indecorous, brazen.
deter: (v) dissuade, bar, check, keep,
block, hinder, impede, discourage; (n,
v) cow, intimidate, abash.
ANTONYMS: (v) persuade, speed,
facilitate, promote, support,
Thesaurus
stimulate, yield, attract.
fetching: (adj) attractive, engaging,
tempting, winning, fetch, charming,
catching, catchy, taking, fetchingly,
fascinating. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unattractive, repulsive, ugly.
heroically: (adj, adv) courageously,
daringly; (adv) intrepidly, fearlessly,
gallantly, boldly, grandly, nobly,
resolutely, splendidly, chivalrously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) halfheartedly,
fearfully, execrably.
high-minded: (adj) great, noble,
generous, lofty, magnanimous,
elevated, exalted, upright, chivalrous,
magnificent, honest.
others: (n) rest, cessation, lie, lave,
LAN, ease, acquiesce, intermission.
volunteer: (v) offer, proffer, tender,
extend, propose, submit; (adj, n)
voluntary; (adj) unpaid; (n) military
volunteer, unpaid worker, worker.
ANTONYMS: (v) force, obligate,
compel, withdraw.
 Jane Austen 243

was like every other of her feelings, strong in itself, and strongly spoken. She
met him with a hand that would be taken, and a voice that expressed the
affection of a sister.%
"Dear Edward!" she cried, "this is a moment of great happiness!--This would
almost make amends for every thing?"
Edward tried to return her kindness as it deserved, but before such witnesses
he dared not say half what he really felt. Again they all sat down, and for a
moment or two all were silent; while Marianne was looking with the most
speaking tenderness, sometimes at Edward and sometimes at Elinor, regretting
only that their delight in each other should be checked by Lucy's unwelcome
presence. Edward was the first to speak, and it was to notice Marianne's altered
looks, and express his fear of her not finding London agree with her.
"Oh, don't think of me!" she replied with spirited earnestness, though her
eyes were filled with tears as she spoke, "don't think of my health. Elinor is well,
you see. That must be enough for us both."
This remark was not calculated to make Edward or Elinor more easy, nor to
conciliate the good will of Lucy, who looked up at Marianne with no very
benignant expression.
"Do you like London?" said Edward, willing to say any thing that might
introduce another subject.
"Not at all. I expected much pleasure in it, but I have found none. The sight
of you, Edward, is the only comfort it has afforded; and thank Heaven! you are
what you always were!"
She paused--no one spoke.
"I think, Elinor," she presently added, "we must employ Edward to take care
of us in our return to Barton. In a week or two, I suppose, we shall be going; and,
I trust, Edward will not be very unwilling to accept the charge."
Poor Edward muttered something, but what it was, nobody knew, not even
himself. But Marianne, who saw his agitation, and could easily trace it to

Thesaurus
benignant: (adj) benevolent, benign, deserved: (v) merited, richly deserved; remark: (n, v) comment, notice, note,
gracious, merciful, humane, kindly, (adj) appropriate, due, fitting, just, mention, regard, mind; (adj, n, v)
kind, good, mild, genial, fond. earned, suitable, rightful, adequate, observe; (v) perceive, mark, discern;
ANTONYM: (adj) malign. required. (n) observation.
checked: (adj) checkered, chequered, employ: (v) use, apply, exploit, spirited: (adj) animated, frisky,
check, plaid, examine, temperate, consume, wield, hire, engage, energetic, racy, bold, gritty, quick,
tartan, silent, safe, pent-up, exercise, work, busy, utilize. enthusiastic, dashing, peppy, brave.
numbered. ANTONYMS: (v) fire, dismiss, can, ANTONYMS: (adj) spiritless, lifeless,
conciliate: (v) appease, reconcile, ignore, misuse, sack, underuse; (n) feeble, cowardly, apathetic, lethargic,
assuage, propitiate, placate, mollify, unemployment. spineless, dull, solemn, sluggish,
pacify, calm, accommodate, mediate, muttered: (adj) garbled, incoherent, lackluster.
allay. ANTONYM: (v) enrage. broken, inarticulate. witnesses: (n) audience.
244 Sense and Sensibility

whatever cause best pleased herself, was perfectly satisfied, and soon talked of
something else.%
"We spent such a day, Edward, in Harley Street yesterday! So dull, so
wretchedly dull!--But I have much to say to you on that head, which cannot be
said now."
And with this admirable discretion did she defer the assurance of her finding
their mutual relatives more disagreeable than ever, and of her being particularly
disgusted with his mother, till they were more in private.
"But why were you not there, Edward?--Why did you not come?"
"I was engaged elsewhere."
"Engaged! But what was that, when such friends were to be met?"
"Perhaps, Miss Marianne," cried Lucy, eager to take some revenge on her,
"you think young men never stand upon engagements, if they have no mind to
keep them, little as well as great."
Elinor was very angry, but Marianne seemed entirely insensible of the sting;
for she calmly replied,
"Not so, indeed; for, seriously speaking, I am very sure that conscience only
kept Edward from Harley Street. And I really believe he has the most delicate
conscience in the world; the most scrupulous in performing every engagement,
however minute, and however it may make against his interest or pleasure. He
is the most fearful of giving pain, of wounding expectation, and the most
incapable of being selfish, of any body I ever saw. Edward, it is so, and I will say
it. What! are you never to hear yourself praised!--Then you must be no friend of
mine; for those who will accept of my love and esteem, must submit to my open
commendation."
The nature of her commendation, in the present case, however, happened to
be particularly ill-suited to the feelings of two thirds of her auditors, and was so
very unexhilarating to Edward, that he very soon got up to go away.
"Going so soon!" said Marianne; "my dear Edward, this must not be."

Thesaurus
admirable: (adj) fine, outstanding, ANTONYMS: (adv) anxiously, exact, conscientious, particular,
beautiful, great, commendable, hysterically, nervously, agitatedly, painstaking, accurate, prudent,
lovely, good, creditable, uncontrollably, histrionically, meticulous, rigorous, cautious.
praiseworthy, worthy, grand. restlessly, frantically, irritably, ANTONYMS: (adj) sloppy,
ANTONYMS: (adj) appalling, poor, emotionally, tensely. unscrupulous, slapdash, relaxed,
unworthy, despicable, contemptible, ill-suited: (adj) inappropriate, unfit, guilty, deceitful.
detestable, dishonorable, rotten, inapt, unsuitable. sting: (n, v) bite, hurt, con, pain; (v)
unimpressive, loathsome, low. revenge: (n) retribution, vengeance, prick, itch, irritate, prickle, goad,
calmly: (adv) stilly, tranquilly, coolly, reprisal, retaliation, repayment, provoke, smart. ANTONYMS: (v)
serenely, placidly, sedately, grudge, punishment; (v) retaliate, calm; (n) honesty.
smoothly, peacefully, easily, repay, requite, vindicate. thirds: (n) Falcidian law.
undisturbedly, steadily. scrupulous: (adj) careful, punctilious,
 Jane Austen 245

And drawing him a little aside, she whispered her persuasion that Lucy
could not stay much longer. But even this encouragement failed, for he would
go; and Lucy, who would have outstaid him, had his visit lasted two hours, soon
afterwards went away.%
"What can bring her here so often?" said Marianne, on her leaving them.
"Could not she see that we wanted her gone!--how teazing to Edward!"
"Why so?--we were all his friends, and Lucy has been the longest known to
him of any. It is but natural that he should like to see her as well as ourselves."
Marianne looked at her steadily, and said, "You know, Elinor, that this is a
kind of talking which I cannot bear. If you only hope to have your assertion
contradicted, as I must suppose to be the case, you ought to recollect that I am
the last person in the world to do it. I cannot descend to be tricked out of
assurances, that are not really wanted."
She then left the room; and Elinor dared not follow her to say more, for
bound as she was by her promise of secrecy to Lucy, she could give no
information that would convince Marianne; and painful as the consequences of
her still continuing in an error might be, she was obliged to submit to it. All that
she could hope, was that Edward would not often expose her or himself to the
distress of hearing Marianne's mistaken warmth, nor to the repetition of any
other part of the pain that had attended their recent meeting--and this she had
every reason to expect.

Thesaurus
attended: (adj) attent, fraught, tended disincentive, dissuasion, opposition, return, repeating, renewal,
to. deterrent. duplication, rehearsal, reduplication.
convince: (v) persuade, convert, sway, expose: (v) endanger, exhibit, betray, ANTONYM: (n) disappearance.
reassure, prevail on, induce, entice, detect, display, air, uncover, debunk, steadily: (adv) constantly, stably,
argue, convict, win over; (adj, v) denude, unfold, divulge. regularly, fixedly, strongly,
satisfy. ANTONYMS: (v) discourage, ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, cover, continually, steadfastly, uniformly,
repel. enclose, suppress, shield, shelter, tightly, calmly, determinedly.
encouragement: (n) aid, support, insulate, hide, guard, drape. ANTONYMS: (adv) unsteadily,
promotion, backing, incentive, cheer, longest: (adj) best, lengest, fastest, top, nervously, loosely, weakly, rapidly,
consolation, boost, advocacy, record, best ever, greatest. suddenly, excitedly, haphazardly,
fosterage, assistance. ANTONYMS: repetition: (n) gemination, reiteration, inconsistently, unevenly.
(n) neglect, deflation, disheartening, recurrence, replication, iteration,
 Jane Austen 247

CHAPTER 36

Within a few days after this meeting, the newspapers announced to the
world, that the lady of Thomas Palmer, Esq. was safely delivered of a son and
heir; a very interesting and satisfactory paragraph, at least to all those intimate
connections who knew it before.%
This event, highly important to Mrs. Jennings's happiness, produced a
temporary alteration in the disposal of her time, and influenced, in a like degree,
the engagements of her young friends; for as she wished to be as much as
possible with Charlotte, she went thither every morning as soon as she was
dressed, and did not return till late in the evening; and the Miss Dashwoods, at
the particular request of the Middletons, spent the whole of every day, in every
day in Conduit Street. For their own comfort they would much rather have
remained, at least all the morning, in Mrs. Jennings's house; but it was not a
thing to be urged against the wishes of everybody. Their hours were therefore
made over to Lady Middleton and the two Miss Steeles, by whom their
company, in fact was as little valued, as it was professedly sought.
They had too much sense to be desirable companions to the former; and by
the latter they were considered with a jealous eye, as intruding on their ground,
and sharing the kindness which they wanted to monopolize. Though nothing
could be more polite than Lady Middleton's behaviour to Elinor and Marianne,
she did not really like them at all. Because they neither flattered herself nor her

Thesaurus
companions: (n) circle, entourage, jaundiced, attentive. ANTONYM: disobedient, uncivilized, uncivil, curt.
people. (adj) trusting. safely: (adv) surely, safe, certainly,
heir: (n) beneficiary, successor, monopolize: (v) forestall, control, cautiously, soundly, strongly, sure,
offspring, inheritor, heiress, receiver, absorb, consume, monopolise, steadily, harmlessly, unharmedly,
progeny, heritor, descendant, scion, occupy, dominate, fill, exhaust, have unhurtly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
issue. ANTONYMS: (n) ancestor, got; (adj) regrate. harmfully, hazardously, loosely.
donor. polite: (adj) cultured, gentle, courtly, sharing: (n) communion, dispensation,
intruding: (adj) aggressive, interfering, civil, refined, proper, genteel, kind, allotment, generosity,
intrusive. attentive, friendly, complaisant. apportionment, pooling, allocation,
jealous: (adj) distrustful, envious, ANTONYMS: (adj) rude, division, show and tell, sharing out;
covetous, suspicious, jealousy, discourteous, boorish, improper, (adj) sexual.
resentful, invidious, green, grudging, abusive, common, authoritative,
248 Sense and Sensibility

children, she could not believe them good-natured; and because they were fond
of reading, she fancied them satirical: perhaps without exactly knowing what it
was to be satirical; but that did not signify. It was censure in common use, and
easily given.%
Their presence was a restraint both on her and on Lucy. It checked the
idleness of one, and the business of the other. Lady Middleton was ashamed of
doing nothing before them, and the flattery which Lucy was proud to think of
and administer at other times, she feared they would despise her for offering.
Miss Steele was the least discomposed of the three, by their presence; and it was
in their power to reconcile her to it entirely. Would either of them only have
given her a full and minute account of the whole affair between Marianne and
Mr. Willoughby, she would have thought herself amply rewarded for the
sacrifice of the best place by the fire after dinner, which their arrival occasioned.
But this conciliation was not granted; for though she often threw out expressions
of pity for her sister to Elinor, and more than once dropt a reflection on the
inconstancy of beaux before Marianne, no effect was produced, but a look of
indifference from the former, or of disgust in the latter. An effort even yet lighter
might have made her their friend. Would they only have laughed at her about
the Doctor! But so little were they, anymore than the others, inclined to oblige
her, that if Sir John dined from home, she might spend a whole day without
hearing any other raillery on the subject, than what she was kind enough to
bestow on herself.
All these jealousies and discontents, however, were so totally unsuspected by
Mrs. Jennings, that she thought it a delightful thing for the girls to be together;
and generally congratulated her young friends every night, on having escaped
the company of a stupid old woman so long. She joined them sometimes at Sir
John's, sometimes at her own house; but wherever it was, she always came in
excellent spirits, full of delight and importance, attributing Charlotte's well doing
to her own care, and ready to give so exact, so minute a detail of her situation, as
only Miss Steele had curiosity enough to desire. One thing did disturb her; and of
that she made her daily complaint. Mr. Palmer maintained the common, but

anymore: (adv) any longer, yet.
conciliation: (n) mediation,
appeasement, settlement, peace,
placation, pacification, propitiation,
alliance, conciliate, compromise,
harmony. ANTONYMS: (n)
provocation, confrontation,
incitement.
despise: (v) disdain, loathe,
depreciate, abhor, dislike, detest,
slight, hate; (n, v) contemn; (n)
contempt, deride. ANTONYMS: (v)
Thesaurus
respect, love, adore, appreciate,
cherish, like, praise, accept.
discomposed: (adj) disturbed,
perturbed, doubtful, excited,
distraught, uncomfortable, fearful.
flattery: (n, v) cajolery; (n) blarney,
compliment, adulation, taffy, palaver,
praise, gloze, sweet talk, sycophancy,
soft soap. ANTONYMS: (n) insult,
offense.
reconcile: (adj, v) conciliate, accord,
harmonize; (v) accommodate, pacify,
placate, mediate, adjust, harmonise,
make up, propitiate. ANTONYMS:
(v) alienate, estrange, provoke,
quarrel, segregate, worsen.
satirical: (adj) satiric, cutting, mordant,
mocking, ironic, biting, scornful,
sardonic, derisive; (adj, n) keen; (n)
ironical. ANTONYM: (adj)
sympathetic.
unsuspected: (v) unspied; (adj)
unimagined, covert, adventitious,
unseen, unanticipated.
 Jane Austen 249

unfatherly opinion among his sex, of all infants being alike; and though she
could plainly perceive, at different times, the most striking resemblance between
this baby and every one of his relations on both sides, there was no convincing
his father of it; no persuading him to believe that it was not exactly like every
other baby of the same age; nor could he even be brought to acknowledge the
simple proposition of its being the finest child in the world.%
I come now to the relation of a misfortune, which about this time befell Mrs.
John Dashwood. It so happened that while her two sisters with Mrs. Jennings
were first calling on her in Harley Street, another of her acquaintance had dropt
in--a circumstance in itself not apparently likely to produce evil to her. But while
the imaginations of other people will carry them away to form wrong judgments
of our conduct, and to decide on it by slight appearances, one's happiness must
in some measure be always at the mercy of chance. In the present instance, this
last-arrived lady allowed her fancy to so far outrun truth and probability, that on
merely hearing the name of the Miss Dashwoods, and understanding them to be
Mr. Dashwood's sisters, she immediately concluded them to be staying in Harley
Street; and this misconstruction produced within a day or two afterwards, cards
of invitation for them as well as for their brother and sister, to a small musical
party at her house. The consequence of which was, that Mrs. John Dashwood
was obliged to submit not only to the exceedingly great inconvenience of
sending her carriage for the Miss Dashwoods, but, what was still worse, must be
subject to all the unpleasantness of appearing to treat them with attention: and
who could tell that they might not expect to go out with her a second time? The
power of disappointing them, it was true, must always be her's. But that was not
enough; for when people are determined on a mode of conduct which they know
to be wrong, they feel injured by the expectation of any thing better from them.
Marianne had now been brought by degrees, so much into the habit of going
out every day, that it was become a matter of indifference to her, whether she
went or not: and she prepared quietly and mechanically for every evening's
engagement, though without expecting the smallest amusement from any, and
very often without knowing, till the last moment, where it was to take her.

Thesaurus
infants: (n) brood. harshness, unkindness, severity, manner, fashion, wise.
mechanically: (adv) mechanistically, mercilessness, ruthlessness, outrun: (v) surpass, outdo, exceed,
instinctively, routinely, involuntarily, impatience, inhumanity. outride, outstep, outleap, outjump,
industrially, unconsciously, misconstruction: (n) outgo, outdistance, beat, distance.
automaticly, intuitively, impulsively, misinterpretation, misunderstanding, plainly: (adv) evidently, manifestly,
technically, technologically. misacceptation, misconstrual, clearly, distinctly, openly, obviously,
ANTONYMS: (adv) manually, mistaking, misconception, patently, overtly, definitely; (adj, adv)
consciously. construction, error, mistake, frankly, honestly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
mercy: (n) kindness, compassion, pity, expression, misregard. ANTONYMS: imperceptibly, vaguely, obscurely,
favor, leniency, pardon, forgiveness, (n) fact, construction. figuratively, unclearly, politely,
grace, charity, humanity; (n, v) mode: (n) means, method, form, way, incoherently, implicitly, finely,
quarter. ANTONYMS: (n) cruelty, style, custom, condition, guise; (n, v) ambiguously, covertly.
250 Sense and Sensibility

To her dress and appearance she was grown so perfectly indifferent, as not to
bestow half the consideration on it, during the whole of her toilet, which it
received from Miss Steele in the first five minutes of their being together, when it
was finished. Nothing escaped her minute observation and general curiosity; she
saw every thing, and asked every thing; was never easy till she knew the price of
every part of Marianne's dress; could have guessed the number of her gowns
altogether with better judgment than Marianne herself, and was not without
hopes of finding out before they parted, how much her washing cost per week,
and how much she had every year to spend upon herself. The impertinence of
these kind of scrutinies, moreover, was generally concluded with a compliment,
which though meant as its douceur, was considered by Marianne as the greatest
impertinence of all; for after undergoing an examination into the value and make
of her gown, the colour of her shoes, and the arrangement of her hair, she was
almost sure of being told that upon "her word she looked vastly smart, and she
dared to say she would make a great many conquests."
With such encouragement as this, was she dismissed on the present occasion,
to her brother's carriage; which they were ready to enter five minutes after it
stopped at the door, a punctuality not very agreeable to their sister-in-law, who
had preceded them to the house of her acquaintance, and was there hoping for
some delay on their part that might inconvenience either herself or her
coachman.%
The events of this evening were not very remarkable. The party, like other
musical parties, comprehended a great many people who had real taste for the
performance, and a great many more who had none at all; and the performers
themselves were, as usual, in their own estimation, and that of their immediate
friends, the first private performers in England.
As Elinor was neither musical, nor affecting to be so, she made no scruple of
turning her eyes from the grand pianoforte, whenever it suited her, and
unrestrained even by the presence of a harp, and violoncello, would fix them at
pleasure on any other object in the room. In one of these excursive glances she
perceived among a group of young men, the very he, who had given them a

douceur: (v) gratuity, Vail, largess,
oblation, offertory, Peter Pence; (n)
tip, pourboire, kickback, baksheesh,
bakshish.
excursive: (adj) digressive, rambling,
devious, wandering, tangential,
roving, indirect, dianoetic, complex.
harp: (n) lyre, harmonica, harper, lute, incompatible, wrong, inappropriate.
mouth harp; (v) dwell, ingeminate,
iterate, restate, reiterate, retell.
punctuality: (n) accuracy, precision,
nicety, exactitude, truth, fidelity,
Thesaurus
exactness, promptitude, steadiness;
(adj) rigor, mathematical precision.
ANTONYM: (n) tardiness.
suited: (adj, v) proper, fit, fitted,
adapted, convenient; (adj)
appropriate, good, apt, eligible,
capable, useful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
toilet: (n) lavatory, attire, dress, John,
lav, privy, can, stool, loo, costume,
convenience.
unrestrained: (adj, n, v) loose; (adj)
unconstrained, wild, uncontrolled,
immoderate, extravagant,
unconfined, mad, uninhibited; (adj, v)
dissolute, wanton. ANTONYMS:
(adj) restrained, restricted, contained,
limited, partial, biddable, frugal,
hidden, inhibited, manageable,
reserved.
violoncello: (n) Cremona, tenor,
bowed stringed instrument, bass,
string.
 Jane Austen 251

lecture on toothpick-cases at Gray's. She perceived him soon afterwards looking

at herself, and speaking familiarly to her brother; and had just determined to
find out his name from the latter, when they both came towards her, and Mr.
Dashwood introduced him to her as Mr. Robert Ferrars.%
He addressed her with easy civility, and twisted his head into a bow which
assured her as plainly as words could have done, that he was exactly the
coxcomb she had heard him described to be by Lucy. Happy had it been for her,
if her regard for Edward had depended less on his own merit, than on the merit
of his nearest relations! For then his brother's bow must have given the finishing
stroke to what the ill-humour of his mother and sister would have begun. But
while she wondered at the difference of the two young men, she did not find that
the emptiness of conceit of the one, put her out of all charity with the modesty
and worth of the other. Why they were different, Robert exclaimed to her himself
in the course of a quarter of an hour's conversation; for, talking of his brother,
and lamenting the extreme gaucherie which he really believed kept him from
mixing in proper society, he candidly and generously attributed it much less to
any natural deficiency, than to the misfortune of a private education; while he
himself, though probably without any particular, any material superiority by
nature, merely from the advantage of a public school, was as well fitted to mix in
the world as any other man.
"Upon my soul," he added, "I believe it is nothing more; and so I often tell my
mother, when she is grieving about it. 'My dear Madam,' I always say to her,
'you must make yourself easy. The evil is now irremediable, and it has been
entirely your own doing. Why would you be persuaded by my uncle, Sir Robert,
against your own judgment, to place Edward under private tuition, at the most
critical time of his life? If you had only sent him to Westminster as well as
myself, instead of sending him to Mr. Pratt's, all this would have been
prevented.' This is the way in which I always consider the matter, and my
mother is perfectly convinced of her error."

Thesaurus
candidly: (adv) openly, ingenuously, vanity, vacuity, worthlessness, boorishness, solecism, blunder,
sincerely, outspokenly, honestly, futility, space, inanity, inanition, rusticity, case, blooper.
forthrightly, straightforwardly, hollowness. ANTONYMS: (n) lamenting: (adj) weeping, wailing,
plainly, bluntly, directly; (adj, adv) richness, fullness, value, importance, sad, whining; (adj, n) plaintive; (adj,
freely. ANTONYMS: (adv) clutter. v) bewailing, querulous; (n, v)
deceitfully, hesitantly, dishonestly, familiarly: (adv) intimately, usually, complaining; (n) grief, sorrow; (v)
untruthfully, guardedly, ordinarily, nearly, frequently, dissatisfied.
ambiguously, shyly. commonly, regularly, informally, robert: (n) Henry Martin Robert.
coxcomb: (n) cockscomb, fop, beau, closely, acquaintedly, conventionally. tuition: (n) education, teaching,
dandy, exquisite, dude, blood, buck, ANTONYM: (adv) distantly. training, tutelage, pedagogy, fee,
comb, crest, sheik. gaucherie: (n) awkwardness, gaffe, schooling, tutoring, school fees,
emptiness: (n) blankness, blank, void, clumsiness, gauche, want of tact, learning, tuition fee.
252 Sense and Sensibility

Elinor would not oppose his opinion, because, whatever might be her general
estimation of the advantage of a public school, she could not think of Edward's
abode in Mr. Pratt's family, with any satisfaction.%
"You reside in Devonshire, I think,"--was his next observation, "in a cottage
near Dawlish."
Elinor set him right as to its situation; and it seemed rather surprising to him
that anybody could live in Devonshire, without living near Dawlish. He
bestowed his hearty approbation however on their species of house.
"For my own part," said he, "I am excessively fond of a cottage; there is
always so much comfort, so much elegance about them. And I protest, if I had
any money to spare, I should buy a little land and build one myself, within a
short distance of London, where I might drive myself down at any time, and
collect a few friends about me, and be happy. I advise every body who is going
to build, to build a cottage. My friend Lord Courtland came to me the other day
on purpose to ask my advice, and laid before me three different plans of
Bonomi's. I was to decide on the best of them. 'My dear Courtland,' said I,
immediately throwing them all into the fire, 'do not adopt either of them, but by
all means build a cottage.' And that I fancy, will be the end of it.
"Some people imagine that there can be no accommodations, no space in a
cottage; but this is all a mistake. I was last month at my friend Elliott's, near
Dartford. Lady Elliott wished to give a dance. 'But how can it be done?' said she;
'my dear Ferrars, do tell me how it is to be managed. There is not a room in this
cottage that will hold ten couple, and where can the supper be?' I immediately
saw that there could be no difficulty in it, so I said, 'My dear Lady Elliott, do not
be uneasy. The dining parlour will admit eighteen couple with ease; card-tables
may be placed in the drawing-room; the library may be open for tea and other
refreshments; and let the supper be set out in the saloon.' Lady Elliott was
delighted with the thought. We measured the dining-room, and found it would
hold exactly eighteen couple, and the affair was arranged precisely after my plan.
So that, in fact, you see, if people do but know how to set about it, every comfort
may be as well enjoyed in a cottage as in the most spacious dwelling."

Thesaurus
accommodations: (n) house, housing, wholehearted, lusty, enthusiastic, occupy, remain, live, belong, abide,
lodging, habitat. convivial; (adj, n) well. ANTONYMS: lodge, populate, lie.
elegance: (adj, n) daintiness; (n) (adj) unhealthy, frail, old, weak, spacious: (adj) broad, extensive, large,
refinement, beauty, chic, grace, style, sluggish, unwholesome, meager. wide, ample, commodious, vast,
flair, courtliness, courtesy, polish, oppose: (v) contest, contend, resist, capacious, comprehensive, open,
panache. ANTONYMS: (n) contradict, controvert, contravene, great. ANTONYMS: (adj) cramped,
awkwardness, ugliness, inelegance, counteract, fight, counter, disagree, narrow, airless, overcrowded.
bareness, roughness, scruffiness, dissent. ANTONYMS: (v) advocate, supper: (n) meal, tea, lunch, repast,
untidiness, rudeness, vulgarity, agree, back, advise, promote, accept, reception, mealtime, siesta, social
tackiness, tastelessness. submit, encourage, correspond, affair; (v) dejeuner, bever, whet.
hearty: (adj) heartfelt, healthy, genial, approve, favor.
sturdy, cheering, fervent, reside: (adj, v) inhabit, dwell; (v) exist,
 Jane Austen 253

Elinor agreed to it all, for she did not think he deserved the compliment of
rational opposition.%
As John Dashwood had no more pleasure in music than his eldest sister, his
mind was equally at liberty to fix on any thing else; and a thought struck him
during the evening, which he communicated to his wife, for her approbation,
when they got home. The consideration of Mrs. Dennison's mistake, in
supposing his sisters their guests, had suggested the propriety of their being
really invited to become such, while Mrs. Jenning's engagements kept her from
home. The expense would be nothing, the inconvenience not more; and it was
altogether an attention which the delicacy of his conscience pointed out to be
requisite to its complete enfranchisement from his promise to his father. Fanny
was startled at the proposal.
"I do not see how it can be done," said she, "without affronting Lady
Middleton, for they spend every day with her; otherwise I should be exceedingly
glad to do it. You know I am always ready to pay them any attention in my
power, as my taking them out this evening shews. But they are Lady Middleton's
visitors. How can I ask them away from her?"
Her husband, but with great humility, did not see the force of her objection.
"They had already spent a week in this manner in Conduit Street, and Lady
Middleton could not be displeased at their giving the same number of days to
such near relations."
Fanny paused a moment, and then, with fresh vigor, said,
"My love I would ask them with all my heart, if it was in my power. But I
had just settled within myself to ask the Miss Steeles to spend a few days with
us. They are very well behaved, good kind of girls; and I think the attention is
due to them, as their uncle did so very well by Edward. We can ask your sisters
some other year, you know; but the Miss Steeles may not be in town any more. I
am sure you will like them; indeed, you do like them, you know, very much
already, and so does my mother; and they are such favourites with Harry!"

Thesaurus
enfranchisement: (n) freedom, objection: (n) dissent, complaint, inessential, luxury.
certification, accreditation, grievance, exception, gripe, struck: (adj, v) smitten; (v) stroke; (adj)
emancipation, deliverance, lib, disagreement, outcry, difficulty, affected, afflicted, doting, dotty,
liberty, release, liberation, expostulation, disapproval, criticism. enamored, gaga, hurt, in love,
manumission, credentials. ANTONYMS: (n) approval, infatuated.
ANTONYM: (n) disenfranchisement. agreement, praise, acceptance. vigor: (n, v) energy; (adj, n) intensity;
humility: (n) diffidence, modesty, requisite: (n) need, necessity, (n) spirit, vitality, force, life, strength,
submission, shyness, meekness, requirement, must; (adj, n) necessary, power, might, vim, stamina.
lowliness, timidity, trait, humiliation, prerequisite; (adj) required, ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, apathy,
resignation; (adj) veneration. mandatory, needful, compulsory, frailty, laziness, enervation,
ANTONYMS: (n) haughtiness, obligatory. ANTONYMS: (adj) inactivity, indifference, illness,
affectation, conceit, arrogance. voluntary, optional, dispensable; (n) lifelessness, sluggishness, tardiness.
254 Sense and Sensibility

Mr. Dashwood was convinced. He saw the necessity of inviting the Miss
Steeles immediately, and his conscience was pacified by the resolution of
inviting his sisters another year; at the same time, however, slyly suspecting that
another year would make the invitation needless, by bringing Elinor to town as
Colonel Brandon's wife, and Marianne as their visitor.%
Fanny, rejoicing in her escape, and proud of the ready wit that had procured
it, wrote the next morning to Lucy, to request her company and her sister's, for
some days, in Harley Street, as soon as Lady Middleton could spare them. This
was enough to make Lucy really and reasonably happy. Mrs. Dashwood seemed
actually working for her, herself; cherishing all her hopes, and promoting all her
views! Such an opportunity of being with Edward and his family was, above all
things, the most material to her interest, and such an invitation the most
gratifying to her feelings! It was an advantage that could not be too gratefully
acknowledged, nor too speedily made use of; and the visit to Lady Middleton,
which had not before had any precise limits, was instantly discovered to have
been always meant to end in two days' time.
When the note was shown to Elinor, as it was within ten minutes after its
arrival, it gave her, for the first time, some share in the expectations of Lucy; for
such a mark of uncommon kindness, vouchsafed on so short an acquaintance,
seemed to declare that the good-will towards her arose from something more
than merely malice against herself; and might be brought, by time and address,
to do every thing that Lucy wished. Her flattery had already subdued the pride
of Lady Middleton, and made an entry into the close heart of Mrs. John
Dashwood; and these were effects that laid open the probability of greater.
The Miss Steeles removed to Harley Street, and all that reached Elinor of their
influence there, strengthened her expectation of the event. Sir John, who called
on them more than once, brought home such accounts of the favour they were in,
as must be universally striking. Mrs. Dashwood had never been so much pleased
with any young women in her life, as she was with them; had given each of them
a needle book made by some emigrant; called Lucy by her Christian name; and
did not know whether she should ever be able to part with them.

cherishing: (n) love, conservation.
emigrant: (adj, n) immigrant; (n)
immigration, expatriate, emigree,
migrant, emigre, refugee, migrator;
(adj) foreigner, alien, novus homo.
ANTONYMS: (n) settler, aborigine.
gratefully: (adv) appreciatively,
indebtedly, obligedly, gratifyingly,
delightfully, beholdenly, pleasingly,
pleasantly, welcomely, goodly,
deliciously.
malice: (n) spite, animosity, enmity,
Thesaurus
venom, ill will, hatred, malevolence, slyly: (adv) craftily, artfully, secretly,
cruelty, envy, hate, spleen. furtively, slily, cleverly,
ANTONYMS: (n) goodwill, surreptitiously, astutely, foxily,
benevolence, affection, goodness. knavishly, sly. ANTONYM: (adv)
needless: (adj, v) unnecessary, brazenly.
superfluous; (adj) futile, dispensable, subdued: (adj) quiet, muffled, dull,
bootless, excessive, preventable, restrained, muted, tame, faint,
meaningless, pointless, wanton, repressed, low, meek; (adj, v)
unavailing. ANTONYMS: (adj) resigned. ANTONYMS: (adj)
essential, worthwhile, inevitable, enthusiastic, lively, uninhibited,
justifiable. unsubdued, rebellious, noisy, bright,
pacified: (adj) appeased. elaborate, frivolous, upbeat.
 Jane Austen 255

CHAPTER 37

Mrs. Palmer was so well at the end of a fortnight, that her mother felt it no
longer necessary to give up the whole of her time to her; and, contenting herself
with visiting her once or twice a day, returned from that period to her own
home, and her own habits, in which she found the Miss Dashwoods very ready
to resume their former share.%
About the third or fourth morning after their being thus resettled in Berkeley
Street, Mrs. Jennings, on returning from her ordinary visit to Mrs. Palmer,
entered the drawing-room, where Elinor was sitting by herself, with an air of
such hurrying importance as prepared her to hear something wonderful; and
giving her time only to form that idea, began directly to justify it, by saying,
"Lord! my dear Miss Dashwood! have you heard the news?"
"No, ma'am. What is it?"
"Something so strange! But you shall hear it all.-- When I got to Mr. Palmer's,
I found Charlotte quite in a fuss about the child. She was sure it was very ill--it
cried, and fretted, and was all over pimples. So I looked at it directly, and, 'Lord!
my dear,' says I, 'it is nothing in the world, but the red gum--' and nurse said just
the same. But Charlotte, she would not be satisfied, so Mr. Donavan was sent
for; and luckily he happened to just come in from Harley Street, so he stepped
over directly, and as soon as ever he saw the child, be said just as we did, that it

Thesaurus
fretted: (adj) latticed, haggard, lactate, harbor, foster, cultivate, ebbing, flowing back, new, newly
magged, latticelike, reticulated, cradle. appointed, newly elected, next.
reticular, interlaced. ANTONYM: pimples: (n) acne vulgaris, hives, rash, ANTONYMS: (adj) outgoing, unique,
(adj) unfretted. skin complaint. occasional.
fuss: (n, v) flurry, bicker, fidget, resume: (v) restart, regain, summarize, satisfied: (adj) happy, content, full,
hubbub; (adj, n) stir; (n) flap, continue, revert, adopt, recapitulate; pleased, confident, complacent,
commotion, ado, bother, disturbance; (n, v) outline; (n) digest, synopsis, persuaded, fulfilled; (adj, v) certain,
(v) fret. ANTONYM: (n) peace. summary. ANTONYMS: (v) sure; (v) convinced. ANTONYMS:
habits: (n) behavior, decorum, abandon, suspend, die, discontinue, (adj) frustrated, anxious, disgruntled,
pratique. expand. hungry, insistent, pensive, unsure,
nurse: (n, v) nourish, nurture; (v) look returning: (adj) regressive, return, dissatisfied, ashamed.
after, entertain, attend, cherish, reversive, recurrent, coming back, stepped: (v) advanced, gone, stopen.
256 Sense and Sensibility

was nothing in the world but the red gum, and then Charlotte was easy. And so,
just as he was going away again, it came into my head, I am sure I do not know
how I happened to think of it, but it came into my head to ask him if there was
any news. So upon that, he smirked, and simpered, and looked grave, and
seemed to know something or other, and at last he said in a whisper, 'For fear
any unpleasant report should reach the young ladies under your care as to their
sister's indisposition, I think it advisable to say, that I believe there is no great
reason for alarm; I hope Mrs. Dashwood will do very well.'"%
"What! is Fanny ill?"
"That is exactly what I said, my dear. 'Lord!' says I, 'is Mrs. Dashwood ill?' So
then it all came out; and the long and the short of the matter, by all I can learn,
seems to be this. Mr. Edward Ferrars, the very young man I used to joke with
you about (but however, as it turns out, I am monstrous glad there was never
any thing in it), Mr. Edward Ferrars, it seems, has been engaged above this
twelvemonth to my cousin Lucy!--There's for you, my dear!--And not a creature
knowing a syllable of the matter, except Nancy!--Could you have believed such
a thing possible?-- There is no great wonder in their liking one another; but that
matters should be brought so forward between them, and nobody suspect it!--
that is strange!--I never happened to see them together, or I am sure I should
have found it out directly. Well, and so this was kept a great secret, for fear of
Mrs. Ferrars, and neither she nor your brother or sister suspected a word of the
matter;-- till this very morning, poor Nancy, who, you know, is a well-meaning
creature, but no conjurer, popt it all out. 'Lord!' thinks she to herself, 'they are all
so fond of Lucy, to be sure they will make no difficulty about it;' and so, away
she went to your sister, who was sitting all alone at her carpet-work, little
suspecting what was to come--for she had just been saying to your brother, only
five minutes before, that she thought to make a match between Edward and
some Lord's daughter or other, I forget who. So you may think what a blow it
was to all her vanity and pride. She fell into violent hysterics immediately, with
such screams as reached your brother's ears, as he was sitting in his own
dressing-room down stairs, thinking about writing a letter to his steward in the

conjurer: (n) performer, illusionist,
conjuror, wizard, juggler,
prestidigitator, sorcerer, conjure man,
necromancer, enchanter, pythonist.
creature: (n) being, brute, animal, tool,
individual, person, body, entity,
human, puppet, somebody.
edward: (n) prince Edward, Black
Prince.
hysterics: (adj) frenzy, hysterical,
phrensy; (n) panic, mirth, emotional
behavior, dramatics, paroxysm, rage,
Thesaurus
tantrum, affected behavior.
joke: (n, v) banter; (n) hoax, fun, quip, articulate, utter, linguistic unit, solfa
gag, caper, game, antic, prank,
humor; (v) tease.
steward: (n) flight attendant, waiter,
keeper, warden, attendant, curator,
caretaker, administrator, janitor,
chamberlain, stewardess.
suspected: (adj) supposed, doubted,
suspicious, suspicion, inspiring
distrust, distrusted.
syllable: (n) antepenultimate,
antepenult, penultima, penultimate,
syllable, speech sound, syllabe,
language unit.
unpleasant: (adj, n) harsh; (adj)
disagreeable, obnoxious, ugly, nasty,
sour, awkward, repulsive,
forbidding, bad, hard. ANTONYMS:
(adj) delightful, agreeable, wonderful,
nice, enjoyable, attractive,
comfortable, charming, inoffensive,
amicable, cordial.
 Jane Austen 257

country. %So up he flew directly, and a terrible scene took place, for Lucy was
come to them by that time, little dreaming what was going on. Poor soul! I pity
her. And I must say, I think she was used very hardly; for your sister scolded
like any fury, and soon drove her into a fainting fit. Nancy, she fell upon her
knees, and cried bitterly; and your brother, he walked about the room, and said
he did not know what to do. Mrs. Dashwood declared they should not stay a
minute longer in the house, and your brother was forced to go down upon his
knees too, to persuade her to let them stay till they had packed up their clothes.
then she fell into hysterics again, and he was so frightened that he would send for
Mr. Donavan, and Mr. Donavan found the house in all this uproar. The carriage
was at the door ready to take my poor cousins away, and they were just stepping
in as he came off; poor Lucy in such a condition, he says, she could hardly walk;
and Nancy, she was almost as bad. I declare, I have no patience with your sister;
and I hope, with all my heart, it will be a match in spite of her. Lord! what a
taking poor Mr. Edward will be in when he hears of it! To have his love used so
scornfully! for they say he is monstrous fond of her, as well he may. I should not
wonder, if he was to be in the greatest passion!--and Mr. Donavan thinks just the
same. He and I had a great deal of talk about it; and the best of all is, that he is
gone back again to Harley Street, that he may be within call when Mrs. Ferrars is
told of it, for she was sent for as soon as ever my cousins left the house, for your
sister was sure she would be in hysterics too; and so she may, for what I care. I
have no pity for either of them. I have no notion of people's making such a to-do
about money and greatness. There is no reason on earth why Mr. Edward and
Lucy should not marry; for I am sure Mrs. Ferrars may afford to do very well by
her son, and though Lucy has next to nothing herself, she knows better than any
body how to make the most of every thing; I dare say, if Mrs. Ferrars would only
allow him five hundred a-year, she would make as good an appearance with it as
any body else would with eight. Lord! how snug they might live in such another
cottage as yours--or a little bigger--with two maids, and two men; and I believe I
could help them to a housemaid, for my Betty has a sister out of place, that
would fit them exactly."

bitterly: (adv) bitingly, sourly, fiercely,
cruelly, caustically, harshly,
poignantly, piercingly, cuttingly,
rancorously, acrimoniously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) harmoniously,
sweetly, warmly, gladly, agreeably,
kindly, friendly.
dreaming: (n) reverie, ambition,
nightmare, conception, castle in the
air; (adj) absent-minded, asleep,
visionary, vacant, wistful, rapt.
fainting: (n) swoon, syncope,
Thesaurus
deliquium, lipothymy, prostration,
stupor; (adj) lipothymic.
hears: (v) hear.
housemaid: (n) amah, maid,
handmaiden, handmaid,
maidservant, cleaning woman, girl,
ayah, charwoman, biddy, maiden.
nancy: (n) Nanchang.
scornfully: (adv) disdainfully,
disparagingly, haughtily,
derogatorily, condescendingly,
contumeliously, sneeringly,
arrogantly, sarcastically, derisively,
mockingly. ANTONYM: (adv)
humbly.
to-do: (n) disturbance, fuss, tumult,
racket, flurry, turmoil, stir, riot,
clamor, commotion, bustle.
uproar: (adj, n, v) hubbub, disturbance,
tumult; (n) din, noise, turmoil,
commotion, disorder, confusion; (adj,
n) row; (n, v) brawl. ANTONYMS: (n)
calm, peace, serenity, order.
258 Sense and Sensibility

Here Mrs. Jennings ceased, and as Elinor had had time enough to collect her
thoughts, she was able to give such an answer, and make such observations, as
the subject might naturally be supposed to produce. Happy to find that she was
not suspected of any extraordinary interest in it; that Mrs. Jennings (as she had of
late often hoped might be the case) had ceased to imagine her at all attached to
Edward; and happy above all the rest, in the absence of Marianne, she felt very
well able to speak of the affair without embarrassment, and to give her
judgment, as she believed, with impartiality on the conduct of every one
concerned in it.%
She could hardly determine what her own expectation of its event really was;
though she earnestly tried to drive away the notion of its being possible to end
otherwise at last, than in the marriage of Edward and Lucy. What Mrs. Ferrars
would say and do, though there could not be a doubt of its nature, she was
anxious to hear; and still more anxious to know how Edward would conduct
himself. For him she felt much compassion;-- for Lucy very little--and it cost her
some pains to procure that little;--for the rest of the party none at all.
As Mrs. Jennings could talk on no other subject, Elinor soon saw the necessity
of preparing Marianne for its discussion. No time was to be lost in undeceiving
her, in making her acquainted with the real truth, and in endeavouring to bring
her to hear it talked of by others, without betraying that she felt any uneasiness
for her sister, or any resentment against Edward.
Elinor's office was a painful one.--She was going to remove what she really
believed to be her sister's chief consolation,--to give such particulars of Edward
as she feared would ruin him for ever in her good opinion,-and to make
Marianne, by a resemblance in their situations, which to her fancy would seem
strong, feel all her own disappointment over again. But unwelcome as such a
task must be, it was necessary to be done, and Elinor therefore hastened to
perform it.
She was very far from wishing to dwell on her own feelings, or to represent
herself as suffering much, any otherwise than as the self-command she had
practised since her first knowledge of Edward's engagement, might suggest a

Thesaurus
dwell: (adj, v) inhabit; (v) reside, bide, remarks, explanation, comments. friendliness, happiness, contentment,
live, stay, lodge, delay, occupy, pains: (n) nisus, labor, trouble, effort, calm.
continue, be, settle. ANTONYM: (v) exertion, labour, pain, care, struggle, ruin: (n) devastation, desolation; (adj,
wander. attempt, strain. n) downfall; (v) break, consume,
impartiality: (adj, n) justice, honesty; practised: (adj) practiced, expert, demolish, destroy; (n, v) doom,
(n) fairness, disinterestedness, adept, good, trained, proficient, ravage, destruction, damage.
candor, equality, indifference, seasoned, skilful, skilled, skillful, ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, enhance,
detachment, evenhandedness; (adj) versed. save, restore, improve; (n, v) respect;
impartial, fair play. ANTONYMS: (n) resentment: (n) grudge, displeasure, (n) making, success, triumph, rise,
injustice, bias, inequality, partiality, indignation, anger, ill will, rancor, preservation.
prejudice, subjectivity. umbrage, rage, envy, grievance,
observations: (n) commentary, passion. ANTONYMS: (n)
 Jane Austen 259

hint of what was practicable to Marianne. Her narration was clear and simple;
and though it could not be given without emotion, it was not accompanied by
violent agitation, nor impetuous grief.--That belonged rather to the hearer, for
Marianne listened with horror, and cried excessively. Elinor was to be the
comforter of others in her own distresses, no less than in theirs; and all the
comfort that could be given by assurances of her own composure of mind, and a
very earnest vindication of Edward from every charge but of imprudence, was
readily offered.%
But Marianne for some time would give credit to neither. Edward seemed a
second Willoughby; and acknowledging as Elinor did, that she had loved him
most sincerely, could she feel less than herself! As for Lucy Steele, she
considered her so totally unamiable, so absolutely incapable of attaching a
sensible man, that she could not be persuaded at first to believe, and afterwards
to pardon, any former affection of Edward for her. She would not even admit it
to have been natural; and Elinor left her to be convinced that it was so, by that
which only could convince her, a better knowledge of mankind.
Her first communication had reached no farther than to state the fact of the
engagement, and the length of time it had existed.--Marianne's feelings had then
broken in, and put an end to all regularity of detail; and for some time all that
could be done was to soothe her distress, lessen her alarms, and combat her
resentment. The first question on her side, which led to farther particulars, was,
"How long has this been known to you, Elinor? has he written to you?"
"I have known it these four months. When Lucy first came to Barton Park
last November, she told me in confidence of her engagement."
At these words, Marianne's eyes expressed the astonishment which her lips
could not utter. After a pause of wonder, she exclaimed--
"Four months!--Have you known of this four months?"
Elinor confirmed it.
"What!--while attending me in all my misery, has this been on your heart?--
And I have reproached you for being happy!"--

comforter: (n) blanket, muffler,
comfortable, pacifier, reliever,
bedclothes, bedding, dummy,
coverlet, cover, communicator.
hearer: (n) audience, listener,
eavesdropper, observer, perceiver,
earwitness, attendant, attendee,
attender, audient, beholder.
narration: (n) description, recital,
narrative, explanation, history, tale,
report, relation, story, recitation,
rehearsal.
Thesaurus
practicable: (adj) possible, operable,
practical, executable, workable,
viable, doable, achievable, attainable,
likely, handy. ANTONYMS: (adj)
impossible, impracticable, unrealistic,
impractical.
regularity: (n) constancy, evenness,
punctuality, orderliness, uniformity,
steadiness, method, accuracy,
discipline, system, exactness.
ANTONYMS: (n) lateness,
asymmetry, irregularity, disorder,
variability, variety, abnormality.
soothe: (n, v) comfort, allay, console,
solace; (v) alleviate, palliate, ease,
calm, mitigate; (adj, v) appease; (adj,
n, v) assuage. ANTONYMS: (v) upset,
irritate, aggravate, annoy, intensify,
worry, enrage, scare, provoke, incite,
disturb.
unamiable: (adj) uncharitable,
unfeeling, vinegary, sour,
disobliging, resembling vinegar,
morose.
260 Sense and Sensibility

"It was not fit that you should then know how much I was the reverse!"
"Four months!"--cried Marianne again.--"So calm!-- so cheerful!--how have
you been supported?"--
"By feeling that I was doing my duty.--My promise to Lucy, obliged me to be
secret. I owed it to her, therefore, to avoid giving any hint of the truth; and I
owed it to my family and friends, not to create in them a solicitude about me,
which it could not be in my power to satisfy."
Marianne seemed much struck.%
"I have very often wished to undeceive yourself and my mother," added
Elinor; "and once or twice I have attempted it;-- but without betraying my trust, I
never could have convinced you."
"Four months!--and yet you loved him!"--
"Yes. But I did not love only him;--and while the comfort of others was dear
to me, I was glad to spare them from knowing how much I felt. Now, I can think
and speak of it with little emotion. I would not have you suffer on my account;
for I assure you I no longer suffer materially myself. I have many things to
support me. I am not conscious of having provoked the disappointment by any
imprudence of my own, I have borne it as much as possible without spreading it
farther. I acquit Edward of essential misconduct. I wish him very happy; and I
am so sure of his always doing his duty, that though now he may harbour some
regret, in the end he must become so. Lucy does not want sense, and that is the
foundation on which every thing good may be built.--And after all, Marianne,
after all that is bewitching in the idea of a single and constant attachment, and
all that can be said of one's happiness depending entirely on any particular
person, it is not meant--it is not fit--it is not possible that it should be so.--
Edward will marry Lucy; he will marry a woman superior in person and
understanding to half her sex; and time and habit will teach him to forget that he
ever thought another superior to her."--
"If such is your way of thinking," said Marianne, "if the loss of what is most
valued is so easily to be made up by something else, your resolution, your self-

bewitching: (adj, v) charming,
fascinating, captivating, engaging;
(adj) attractive, seductive, lovely,
winning, entrancing, enthralling; (v)
bewitch.
borne: (adj) weak, wanting, spoony,
soft, sappy, shallow, little, limited.
depending: (adv) dependingly; (v)
depend; (adj) suspensory, pendent,
subject to, pendulous.
harbour: (n, v) harbor; (v) conceal,
entertain, cherish, contain, bear,
Thesaurus
shield; (n) anchorage, pier, sanctuary,
haven.
hint: (v) suggest; (adj, n) trace; (n)
suggestion, intimation, inkling, cue,
allusion; (n, v) tip, touch, dash; (adj, v)
intimate. ANTONYM: (n) overtone.
owed: (adj) due, outstanding, unpaid,
payable, deserved, fitting; (v) ought,
behoove, owned, possessed; (n)
aught. ANTONYM: (adj) paid.
provoked: (adj, prep) exasperated,
inflamed; (adj) irritated, aggravated,
infuriated, indignant, irate, huffy,
hot, excited; (adv) up in arms.
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, gratuitous,
pleased.
regret: (n, v) grieve, sorrow; (v) bewail,
lament, mourn, bemoan, deplore; (n)
remorse, penitence, compunction,
contrition. ANTONYMS: (v)
welcome, praise; (n) idealism,
shamelessness, joy, satisfaction.
undeceive: (v) unbeguile, unbefool,
disabuse, inform.
 Jane Austen 261

command, are, perhaps, a little less to be wondered at.--They are brought more
within my comprehension."%
"I understand you.--You do not suppose that I have ever felt much.--For four
months, Marianne, I have had all this hanging on my mind, without being at
liberty to speak of it to a single creature; knowing that it would make you and
my mother most unhappy whenever it were explained to you, yet unable to
prepare you for it in the least.-- It was told me,--it was in a manner forced on me
by the very person herself, whose prior engagement ruined all my prospects;
and told me, as I thought, with triumph.-- This person's suspicions, therefore, I
have had to oppose, by endeavouring to appear indifferent where I have been
most deeply interested;--and it has not been only once;--I have had her hopes and
exultation to listen to again and again.-- I have known myself to be divided from
Edward for ever, without hearing one circumstance that could make me less
desire the connection.--Nothing has proved him unworthy; nor has anything
declared him indifferent to me.-- I have had to contend against the unkindness of
his sister, and the insolence of his mother; and have suffered the punishment of
an attachment, without enjoying its advantages.-- And all this has been going on
at a time, when, as you know too well, it has not been my only unhappiness.-- If
you can think me capable of ever feeling--surely you may suppose that I have
suffered now. The composure of mind with which I have brought myself at
present to consider the matter, the consolation that I have been willing to admit,
have been the effect of constant and painful exertion;--they did not spring up of
themselves;-- they did not occur to relieve my spirits at first.-- No, Marianne.--
Then, if I had not been bound to silence, perhaps nothing could have kept me
entirely--not even what I owed to my dearest friends--from openly shewing that
I was very unhappy."--
Marianne was quite subdued.--
"Oh! Elinor," she cried, "you have made me hate myself for ever.--How
barbarous have I been to you!-- you, who have been my only comfort, who have
borne with me in all my misery, who have seemed to be only suffering for me!--

Thesaurus
contend: (v) wrestle, compete, conflict, evidently, publically, plainly, bearable, agreeable, effortless, dull,
combat, argue, war, clash, altercate, outspokenly; (adj, adv) manifestly. slight, wonderful, happy.
struggle, contest; (n, v) allege. ANTONYMS: (adv) furtively, prospects: (n) perspective, forecast,
ANTONYMS: (v) retreat, harmonize, secretively, clandestinely, circumstances, odds, expectation,
abandon, deny, cede, agree, mysteriously, ambiguously, possibilities, prediction, projection,
surrender, desert. reticently, covertly, discreetly, scenario, diagnosis.
hanging: (n) execution, curtain, arras, affectedly, craftily, deceitfully. ruined: (adj, v) lost; (adj) dilapidated,
wall hanging; (adj) suspended, painful: (adj) hard, difficult, sharp, desolate, broke, broken, bankrupt,
pendent, pendant, pendulous, hung, harrowing, grievous, afflictive, bad, finished, devastated, desolated,
pending; (n, v) suspension. irritating; (adj, v) distressing, harsh, insolvent, spoiled. ANTONYMS: (adj)
openly: (adv) frankly, publicly, clearly, bitter. ANTONYMS: (adj) content, solvent, pure, rich, whole.
candidly, directly, straightforwardly, heartwarming, soothing, comfortable,
262 Sense and Sensibility

Is this my gratitude?--Is this the only return I can make you?--Because your merit
cries out upon myself, I have been trying to do it away."
The tenderest caresses followed this confession. In such a frame of mind as
she was now in, Elinor had no difficulty in obtaining from her whatever promise
she required; and at her request, Marianne engaged never to speak of the affair to
any one with the least appearance of bitterness;--to meet Lucy without betraying
the smallest increase of dislike to her;--and even to see Edward himself, if chance
should bring them together, without any diminution of her usual cordiality.--
These were great concessions;--but where Marianne felt that she had injured, no
reparation could be too much for her to make.%
She performed her promise of being discreet, to admiration.--She attended to
all that Mrs. Jennings had to say upon the subject, with an unchanging
complexion, dissented from her in nothing, and was heard three times to say,
"Yes, ma'am."--She listened to her praise of Lucy with only moving from one
chair to another, and when Mrs. Jennings talked of Edward's affection, it cost her
only a spasm in her throat.--Such advances towards heroism in her sister, made
Elinor feel equal to any thing herself.
The next morning brought a farther trial of it, in a visit from their brother,
who came with a most serious aspect to talk over the dreadful affair, and bring
them news of his wife.
"You have heard, I suppose," said he with great solemnity, as soon as he was
seated, "of the very shocking discovery that took place under our roof yesterday."
They all looked their assent; it seemed too awful a moment for speech.
"Your sister," he continued, "has suffered dreadfully. Mrs. Ferrars too--in
short it has been a scene of such complicated distress--but I will hope that the
storm may be weathered without our being any of us quite overcome. Poor
Fanny! she was in hysterics all yesterday. But I would not alarm you too much.
Donavan says there is nothing materially to be apprehended; her constitution is
a good one, and her resolution equal to any thing. She has borne it all, with the
fortitude of an angel! She says she never shall think well of anybody again; and

Thesaurus
apprehended: (adj) arrested, seized, atonement, indemnity, correction, steady, invariable, static, perpetual,
understood, under arrest, in custody, restoration; (n, v) indemnification, fixed, consistent, uniform,
detained, appreciated, compensation, repair, remuneration, changeless, immutable.
comprehended. restitution. ANTONYMS: (adj) inconstant,
heroism: (n) bravery, courage, valor, spasm: (n) fit, outburst, cramp, attack, changeable, dynamic, flexible,
daring, boldness, chivalry, valiancy, twitch, paroxysm, convulsion, pain, perishable, irregular, temporary,
valour, valiance, courageousness; pang, start, tic. unequal, variable, erratic.
(adj, n) prowess. ANTONYMS: (n) storm: (n, v) rush, tempest, hail, attack, weathered: (adj) worn, wrinkled,
cowardliness, fearfulness. assault, charge; (v) fume; (n) shower, lined, battered, hardened, wrinkly,
obtaining: (n) acceptance, capture, blizzard, hurricane, gust. rugged, tested, windswept,
collection; (adj) adeption, dominant. ANTONYM: (n) trickle. weatherbeaten, weatherworn.
reparation: (n) redress, recompense, unchanging: (adj) stable, permanent, ANTONYM: (adj) smooth.
 Jane Austen 263

one cannot wonder at it, after being so deceived!-- meeting with such
ingratitude, where so much kindness had been shewn, so much confidence had
been placed! It was quite out of the benevolence of her heart, that she had asked
these young women to her house; merely because she thought they deserved
some attention, were harmless, well-behaved girls, and would be pleasant
companions; for otherwise we both wished very much to have invited you and
Marianne to be with us, while your kind friend there, was attending her
daughter. And now to be so rewarded! 'I wish, with all my heart,' says poor
Fanny in her affectionate way, 'that we had asked your sisters instead of them.'"
Here he stopped to be thanked; which being done, he went on.%
"What poor Mrs. Ferrars suffered, when first Fanny broke it to her, is not to
be described. While she with the truest affection had been planning a most
eligible connection for him, was it to be supposed that he could be all the time
secretly engaged to another person!--such a suspicion could never have entered
her head! If she suspected any prepossession elsewhere, it could not be in that
quarter. 'There, to be sure,' said she, 'I might have thought myself safe.' She was
quite in an agony. We consulted together, however, as to what should be done,
and at last she determined to send for Edward. He came. But I am sorry to relate
what ensued. All that Mrs. Ferrars could say to make him put an end to the
engagement, assisted too as you may well suppose by my arguments, and
Fanny's entreaties, was of no avail. Duty, affection, every thing was disregarded.
I never thought Edward so stubborn, so unfeeling before. His mother explained
to him her liberal designs, in case of his marrying Miss Morton; told him she
would settle on him the Norfolk estate, which, clear of land-tax, brings in a good
thousand a-year; offered even, when matters grew desperate, to make it twelve
hundred; and in opposition to this, if he still persisted in this low connection,
represented to him the certain penury that must attend the match. His own two
thousand pounds she protested should be his all; she would never see him again;
and so far would she be from affording him the smallest assistance, that if he
were to enter into any profession with a view of better support, she would do all
in her power to prevent him advancing in it."

Thesaurus
avail: (n, v) advantage, assist, aid, ingratitude: (n) oblivion of benefits, preconceived idea, parti pris,
profit, benefit, help; (adj, n) service; thanklessness, ungratefulness, prenotion.
(n) good, assistance, utility; (v) do. feeling. ANTONYM: (n) gratitude. stubborn: (adj) contrary, hard,
ANTONYMS: (v) useless, hurt, penury: (n, v) need, destitution, lack, intractable, perverse, rigid,
hinder, harm; (n) inappropriateness. want, deficiency; (n) poverty, determined, persistent, refractory,
benevolence: (n) beneficence, distress, beggary, pauperism, dearth, tenacious, obdurate, inveterate.
affection, favor, mercy, compassion, scarcity. ANTONYMS: (n) wealth, ANTONYMS: (adj) compliant,
favour, kindness, benefaction, pity, affluence, luxury. irresolute, flexible, amenable, docile,
kindliness, generosity. ANTONYMS: prepossession: (n) preconception, easygoing, malleable, agreeable,
(n) malevolence, meanness, cruelty, prejudice, predilection, accommodating, cooperative, feeble.
misanthropy, wickedness, nastiness, preoccupation, bent, inclination, twelve: (adj, n) dozen, XII; (n) boxcars,
malice. preconceived opinion, prevention, large integer.
264 Sense and Sensibility

Here Marianne, in an ecstasy of indignation, clapped her hands together, and

cried, "Gracious God! can this be possible!"
"Well may you wonder, Marianne," replied her brother, "at the obstinacy
which could resist such arguments as these. Your exclamation is very natural."
Marianne was going to retort, but she remembered her promises, and
forbore.%
"All this, however," he continued, "was urged in vain. Edward said very little;
but what he did say, was in the most determined manner. Nothing should
prevail on him to give up his engagement. He would stand to it, cost him what it
might."
"Then," cried Mrs. Jennings with blunt sincerity, no longer able to be silent,
"he has acted like an honest man! I beg your pardon, Mr. Dashwood, but if he
had done otherwise, I should have thought him a rascal. I have some little
concern in the business, as well as yourself, for Lucy Steele is my cousin, and I
believe there is not a better kind of girl in the world, nor one who more deserves
a good husband."
John Dashwood was greatly astonished; but his nature was calm, not open to
provocation, and he never wished to offend anybody, especially anybody of
good fortune. He therefore replied, without any resentment,
"I would by no means speak disrespectfully of any relation of yours, madam.
Miss Lucy Steele is, I dare say, a very deserving young woman, but in the
present case you know, the connection must be impossible. And to have entered
into a secret engagement with a young man under her uncle's care, the son of a
woman especially of such very large fortune as Mrs. Ferrars, is perhaps,
altogether a little extraordinary. In short, I do not mean to reflect upon the
behaviour of any person whom you have a regard for, Mrs. Jennings. We all
wish her extremely happy; and Mrs. Ferrars's conduct throughout the whole, has
been such as every conscientious, good mother, in like circumstances, would
adopt. It has been dignified and liberal. Edward has drawn his own lot, and I
fear it will be a bad one."

Thesaurus
blunt: (adj, v) dull, deaden; (adj) bluff, undeserving, unimpressive. discourteously, cheekily, uncivilly,
plain, direct, forthright, frank, dignified: (adj) exalted, majestic, boldly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
candid, outspoken, round, abrupt. noble, grand, lofty, respectable, deferentially, politely.
ANTONYMS: (v) hone, sharpen, solemn, distinguished, lordly, high; obstinacy: (n) stubbornness, firmness,
point, accentuate, needle; (adj) (adj, v) great. ANTONYMS: (adj) bullheadedness, determination,
devious, pointed, thoughtful, polite, undignified, foolish, dishonorable, contumacy, mulishness, impenitence,
guarded, gentle. boisterous, unceremonious, resolve, resoluteness, impenitency,
deserving: (adj) meritorious, unseemly, vulgar, poor, lowly, pertinacity. ANTONYMS: (n)
admirable, creditable, commendable, modest, base. cooperation, compliance.
laudable, fit, good, deserved, disrespectfully: (adv) impudently, rascal: (n) villain, rapscallion, monkey,
condign; (v) deserve, worthy of. insolently, rudely, irreverently, miscreant, knave, scoundrel, scamp,
ANTONYMS: (adj) unworthy, impertinently, flippantly, impiously, rogue, varlet, vagabond, brat.
 Jane Austen 265

Marianne sighed out her similar apprehension; and Elinor's heart wrung for
the feelings of Edward, while braving his mother's threats, for a woman who
could not reward him.%
"Well, sir," said Mrs. Jennings, "and how did it end?"
"I am sorry to say, ma'am, in a most unhappy rupture:-- Edward is dismissed
for ever from his mother's notice. He left her house yesterday, but where he is
gone, or whether he is still in town, I do not know; for we of course can make no
inquiry."
"Poor young man!--and what is to become of him?"
"What, indeed, ma'am! It is a melancholy consideration. Born to the prospect
of such affluence! I cannot conceive a situation more deplorable. The interest of
two thousand pounds--how can a man live on it?--and when to that is added the
recollection, that he might, but for his own folly, within three months have been
in the receipt of two thousand, five hundred a-year (for Miss Morton has thirty
thousand pounds,) I cannot picture to myself a more wretched condition. We
must all feel for him; and the more so, because it is totally out of our power to
assist him."
"Poor young man!" cried Mrs. Jennings, "I am sure he should be very
welcome to bed and board at my house; and so I would tell him if I could see
him. It is not fit that he should be living about at his own charge now, at
lodgings and taverns."
Elinor's heart thanked her for such kindness towards Edward, though she
could not forbear smiling at the form of it.
"If he would only have done as well by himself," said John Dashwood, "as all
his friends were disposed to do by him, he might now have been in his proper
situation, and would have wanted for nothing. But as it is, it must be out of
anybody's power to assist him. And there is one thing more preparing against
him, which must be worse than all--his mother has determined, with a very
natural kind of spirit, to settle that estate upon Robert immediately, which might

apprehension: (n) alarm,
comprehension, dread, misgiving,
understanding, capture, foreboding,
arrest, trepidation; (n, v) doubt,
appreciation. ANTONYMS: (n)
release, confidence, calmness,
tranquility, freeing,
misunderstanding, peace, relief,
bravery, calm, equanimity.
braving: (n) try, effort, endeavour,
facing, attempt, confronting, coping
with, grappling, face, tackling.
Thesaurus
deplorable: (adj) sad, wretched,
criminal, calamitous, abominable,
pitiful, lamentable, miserable,
regrettable, sorry; (adj, v) woeful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) acceptable,
pleasing, laudable, happy, cheerful,
admirable, agreeable, excellent,
fortunate, praiseworthy.
dismissed: (adj) discharged,
unemployed, clear, convalescent.
folly: (n) fatuity, foolishness, silliness, payment. ANTONYMS: (n) penalty,
tomfoolery, nonsense, stupidity,
craziness, density, freak; (adj, n)
irrationality, trifling. ANTONYM: (n)
sense.
forbear: (v) refrain, desist, help,
tolerate, abide, eschew, endure,
relinquish; (n) predecessor,
progenitor, forebear.
reward: (n, v) recompense, return,
compensation, guerdon, wage, meed,
prize, bribe; (v) repay, requite; (n)
sentence; (v) dishonor, penalize.
266 Sense and Sensibility

have been Edward's, on proper conditions. I left her this morning with her
lawyer, talking over the business."
"Well!" said Mrs. Jennings, "that is her revenge. Everybody has a way of their
own. But I don't think mine would be, to make one son independent, because
another had plagued me."
Marianne got up and walked about the room.%
"Can anything be more galling to the spirit of a man," continued John, "than
to see his younger brother in possession of an estate which might have been his
own? Poor Edward! I feel for him sincerely."
A few minutes more spent in the same kind of effusion, concluded his visit;
and with repeated assurances to his sisters that he really believed there was no
material danger in Fanny's indisposition, and that they need not therefore be
very uneasy about it, he went away; leaving the three ladies unanimous in their
sentiments on the present occasion, as far at least as it regarded Mrs. Ferrars's
conduct, the Dashwoods', and Edward's.
Marianne's indignation burst forth as soon as he quitted the room; and as her
vehemence made reserve impossible in Elinor, and unnecessary in Mrs.
Jennings, they all joined in a very spirited critique upon the party.

Thesaurus
burst: (adj, n, v) crack; (adj, v) split, exasperating, bitter, vexatious, uneasy: (adj) anxious, fidgety, restless,
blow up, explode, splinter, detonate; vexing, maddening, infuriating, concerned, nervous, apprehensive, ill
(n, v) rupture, blast; (adj, n) flash; (v) bothersome, harassing. ANTONYM: at ease, unquiet, awkward, fretful,
break out, belch. ANTONYMS: (v) (adj) pleasing. restive. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
attach, join, connect, fasten, trickle. reserve: (adj, v) save; (n) reservation, untroubled, composed, relaxed, easy,
critique: (n) criticism, commentary, backup, modesty, bank; (adj, n) unconcerned, still, comfortable,
critical review, notice, judgment, substitute; (v) keep back, maintain, carefree, confident, serene.
analysis, critic, report, article, literary book, withhold, appropriate. vehemence: (n) force, violence, fury,
criticism, reexamination. ANTONYMS: (n) warmth, passion, eagerness, strength,
ANTONYM: (n) compliment. friendliness, informality, impetuosity, enthusiasm, fierceness,
galling: (adj, v) irritating; (v) approachability, arrogance, boldness, heat, fervor. ANTONYMS: (n)
aggravating, provoking; (adj) brashness; (v) show, use; (adj) active. indifference, meekness, serenity.
 Jane Austen 267

CHAPTER 38

Mrs. Jennings was very warm in her praise of Edward's conduct, but only
Elinor and Marianne understood its true merit. they only knew how little he had
had to tempt him to be disobedient, and how small was the consolation, beyond
the consciousness of doing right, that could remain to him in the loss of friends
and fortune. Elinor gloried in his integrity; and Marianne forgave all his offences
in compassion for his punishment. But though confidence between them was, by
this public discovery, restored to its proper state, it was not a subject on which
either of them were fond of dwelling when alone. Elinor avoided it upon
principle, as tending to fix still more upon her thoughts, by the too warm, too
positive assurances of Marianne, that belief of Edward's continued affection for
herself which she rather wished to do away; and Marianne's courage soon failed
her, in trying to converse upon a topic which always left her more dissatisfied
with herself than ever, by the comparison it necessarily produced between
Elinor's conduct and her own.%
She felt all the force of that comparison; but not as her sister had hoped, to
urge her to exertion now; she felt it with all the pain of continual self-reproach,
regretted most bitterly that she had never exerted herself before; but it brought
only the torture of penitence, without the hope of amendment. Her mind was so
much weakened that she still fancied present exertion impossible, and therefore
it only dispirited her more.

Thesaurus
continual: (adj, adv) constant; (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj, n) equal; (adj) gloried: (adj) honorable.
ceaseless, incessant, endless, similar, complementary; (n) penitence: (n) penance, compunction,
continuous, frequent, everlasting, similarity. regret, contrition, remorse, rue,
uninterrupted, perpetual, disobedient: (adj) contrary, sorrow, atonement, grief, expiation,
unrelenting, perennial. ANTONYMS: intractable, rebellious, disorderly, contriteness.
(adj) sporadic, temporary, occasional, defiant, naughty, wayward, unruly, topic: (n) theme, question, matter,
finite, inconstant, infrequent, ending, willful, headstrong, contumacious. affair, issue, text, point, business,
ceasing, halting, rare, acute. ANTONYMS: (adj) obedient, good, subject matter, substance, area.
converse: (n, v) chat, discourse, argue; compliant, orderly, dutiful, weakened: (adj) lessened, faded, hurt,
(v) confer, confabulate, speak; (n) cooperative, observant, behaving, vitiated, damaged, cut, diluted,
conversation, colloquy, contrast; (adj, loyal, meek, obliging. thinned, attenuated, attenuate,
n) opposite; (adj) counter. forgave: (v) to excuse. disabled.
268 Sense and Sensibility

Nothing new was heard by them, for a day or two afterwards, of affairs in
Harley Street, or Bartlett's Buildings. But though so much of the matter was
known to them already, that Mrs. Jennings might have had enough to do in
spreading that knowledge farther, without seeking after more, she had resolved
from the first to pay a visit of comfort and inquiry to her cousins as soon as she
could; and nothing but the hindrance of more visitors than usual, had prevented
her going to them within that time.%
The third day succeeding their knowledge of the particulars, was so fine, so
beautiful a Sunday as to draw many to Kensington Gardens, though it was only
the second week in March. Mrs. Jennings and Elinor were of the number; but
Marianne, who knew that the Willoughbys were again in town, and had a
constant dread of meeting them, chose rather to stay at home, than venture into
so public a place.
An intimate acquaintance of Mrs. Jennings joined them soon after they
entered the Gardens, and Elinor was not sorry that by her continuing with them,
and engaging all Mrs. Jennings's conversation, she was herself left to quiet
reflection. She saw nothing of the Willoughbys, nothing of Edward, and for
some time nothing of anybody who could by any chance whether grave or gay,
be interesting to her. But at last she found herself with some surprise, accosted
by Miss Steele, who, though looking rather shy, expressed great satisfaction in
meeting them, and on receiving encouragement from the particular kindness of
Mrs. Jennings, left her own party for a short time, to join their's. Mrs. Jennings
immediately whispered to Elinor,
"Get it all out of her, my dear. She will tell you any thing if you ask. You see
I cannot leave Mrs. Clarke."
It was lucky, however, for Mrs. Jennings's curiosity and Elinor's too, that she
would tell any thing without being asked; for nothing would otherwise have been
learnt.
"I am so glad to meet you;" said Miss Steele, taking her familiarly by the arm--
"for I wanted to see you of all things in the world." And then lowering her voice,
"I suppose Mrs. Jennings has heard all about it. Is she angry?"
Thesaurus
chose: (v) choose, opt, decide; (n) reflection: (n) contemplation, thought, sorrow, dismay, anxiety.
thing. deliberation, meditation, musing, seeking: (n) hunt, pursuit, hunting,
continuing: (adj) constant, lasting, cogitation, idea, notion, effort, pursuance; (adj) searching,
abiding, ongoing, serial, persistent, introspection; (n, v) observation, zetetic; (prep) looking for.
enduring, permanent, durable, reflexion. ANTONYMS: (n) venture: (n, v) hazard, chance, stake,
chronic, steady. ANTONYMS: (adj) impulsiveness, confirmation. peril, attempt, gamble, adventure;
rapid, spasmodic, occasional, satisfaction: (n, v) pleasure, (adj, n, v) dare; (n) speculation,
fleeting. gratification, contentment, content; danger; (v) endanger.
inquiry: (n, v) search; (n) investigation, (n) enjoyment, joy, complacency, whispered: (adj) low, voiceless,
enquiry, query, hearing, inquest, amends, reparation, redress, unvoiced, nonvocal, weak, unheard,
research, exploration, trial, question, recompense. ANTONYMS: (n) surd, supposed, sharp, thought,
demand. displeasure, discontent, aggravation, quiet.
 Jane Austen 269

"Not at all, I believe, with you."

"That is a good thing. And Lady Middleton, is she angry?"
"I cannot suppose it possible that she should."
"I am monstrous glad of it. Good gracious! I have had such a time of it! I
never saw Lucy in such a rage in my life. She vowed at first she would never
trim me up a new bonnet, nor do any thing else for me again, so long as she
lived; but now she is quite come to, and we are as good friends as ever. Look,
she made me this bow to my hat, and put in the feather last night. There now,
you are going to laugh at me too. But why should not I wear pink ribbons? I do
not care if it is the Doctor's favourite colour. I am sure, for my part, I should
never have known he did like it better than any other colour, if he had not
happened to say so. My cousins have been so plaguing me! I declare sometimes
I do not know which way to look before them."
She had wandered away to a subject on which Elinor had nothing to say, and
therefore soon judged it expedient to find her way back again to the first.%
"Well, but Miss Dashwood," speaking triumphantly, "people may say what
they chuse about Mr. Ferrars's declaring he would not have Lucy, for it is no
such thing I can tell you; and it is quite a shame for such ill-natured reports to be
spread abroad. Whatever Lucy might think about it herself, you know, it was no
business of other people to set it down for certain."
"I never heard any thing of the kind hinted at before, I assure you," said
Elinor.
"Oh, did not you? But it was said, I know, very well, and by more than one;
for Miss Godby told Miss Sparks, that nobody in their senses could expect Mr.
Ferrars to give up a woman like Miss Morton, with thirty thousand pounds to
her fortune, for Lucy Steele that had nothing at all; and I had it from Miss Sparks
myself. And besides that, my cousin Richard said himself, that when it came to
the point he was afraid Mr. Ferrars would be off; and when Edward did not
come near us for three days, I could not tell what to think myself; and I believe in
my heart Lucy gave it up all for lost; for we came away from your brother's

bonnet: (n) cap, protection, chapeau,
tile, wimple, beret, lid, cowling,
castor, poke bonnet, sunbonnet.
favourite: (n) ducky, darling, pet,
deary, dearie, lover, minion, Engle;
(adj) popular, favored, preferred.
feather: (n) pen, feathering, pinion,
nib, plumage, quill, kind, spline; (n,
v) plume; (adj, n, v) fringe; (v) fledge. ticker tape, paper chain, decoration,
gracious: (adj) genial, benign, good,
courteous, compassionate, kind,
accommodating, civil; (adj, n)
Thesaurus
benevolent, congenial, gentle.
ANTONYMS: (adj) ungracious,
boorish, discourteous, reserved, rude,
abrupt, critical, unkind, hardhearted,
harsh, poor.
plaguing: (adj) galling.
ribbons: (n) cavesson, hackamore,
jaquima, lines, streamer, streamers,
decorations, bunting.
trim: (adj, v) tidy, spruce; (adj, n, v)
dress; (n, v) cut, clip, garnish, lop;
(adj) neat, orderly; (v) shave,
embellish. ANTONYMS: (adj) scruffy,
unkempt, sloppy, large, chubby,
disorderly, overweight; (v) lengthen,
develop, expand, lose.
triumphantly: (adv) exultantly,
winningly, jubilantly, elatedly,
proudly, successfully, triumphally,
conqueringly, gleefully, delightedly,
gloriously.
vowed: (v) promised, named,
benempt.
270 Sense and Sensibility

Wednesday, %and we saw nothing of him not all Thursday, Friday, and
Saturday, and did not know what was become of him. Once Lucy thought to
write to him, but then her spirits rose against that. However this morning he
came just as we came home from church; and then it all came out, how he had
been sent for Wednesday to Harley Street, and been talked to by his mother and
all of them, and how he had declared before them all that he loved nobody but
Lucy, and nobody but Lucy would he have. And how he had been so worried by
what passed, that as soon as he had went away from his mother's house, he had
got upon his horse, and rid into the country, some where or other; and how he
had stayed about at an inn all Thursday and Friday, on purpose to get the better
of it. And after thinking it all over and over again, he said, it seemed to him as if,
now he had no fortune, and no nothing at all, it would be quite unkind to keep
her on to the engagement, because it must be for her loss, for he had nothing but
two thousand pounds, and no hope of any thing else; and if he was to go into
orders, as he had some thoughts, he could get nothing but a curacy, and how
was they to live upon that?--He could not bear to think of her doing no better,
and so he begged, if she had the least mind for it, to put an end to the matter
directly, and leave him shift for himself. I heard him say all this as plain as could
possibly be. And it was entirely for her sake, and upon her account, that he said a
word about being off, and not upon his own. I will take my oath he never dropt a
syllable of being tired of her, or of wishing to marry Miss Morton, or any thing
like it. But, to be sure, Lucy would not give ear to such kind of talking; so she
told him directly (with a great deal about sweet and love, you know, and all that-
-Oh, la! one can't repeat such kind of things you know)--she told him directly,
she had not the least mind in the world to be off, for she could live with him
upon a trifle, and how little so ever he might have, she should be very glad to
have it all, you know, or something of the kind. So then he was monstrous
happy, and talked on some time about what they should do, and they agreed he
should take orders directly, and they must wait to be married till he got a living.
And just then I could not hear any more, for my cousin called from below to tell
me Mrs. Richardson was come in her coach, and would take one of us to
Kensington Gardens; so I was forced to go into the room and interrupt them, to

Thesaurus
coach: (adj, v) prime; (n) trainer, intermit, stop, cut, break in, arrest, asseveration; (v) swear.
teacher, instructor, stagecoach, check; (n, v) suspend; (adj, v) pause. plain: (adj) ordinary, comprehensible,
charabanc, carriage, autobus, bus; (v) ANTONYMS: (v) cheer, respect, intelligible, apparent, manifest,
train, educate. ANTONYMS: (v) restore. obvious, clear, simple; (adj, n) flat,
listen, learn; (n) pupil, student. marry: (n, v) wed, espouse; (v) get homely, humble. ANTONYMS: (adj)
curacy: (n) spot, situation, position, married, link, conjoin, wive, splice, elaborate, unclear, multicolored,
office, post, cure, curateship, berth. tie, unite, couple; (n) marriage. mottled, ornate, concealed, attractive,
fortune: (n) estate, fate, fluke, destiny, ANTONYMS: (v) divorce, separate, confused, fussy, obscure, patterned.
luck, accident, means, assets, riches, split. richardson: (n) Ralph Richardson, sir
abundance, doom. ANTONYM: (n) oath: (n) expletive, malediction, Ralph David Richardson.
design. imprecation, promise, affidavit, cuss,
interrupt: (v) disturb, break, hinder, swearing, pledge, assurance,
 Jane Austen 271

ask Lucy if she would like to go, but she did not care to leave Edward; so I just
run up stairs and put on a pair of silk stockings and came off with the
Richardsons."
"I do not understand what you mean by interrupting them," said Elinor; "you
were all in the same room together, were not you?"
"No, indeed, not us. La! Miss Dashwood, do you think people make love
when any body else is by? Oh, for shame!--To be sure you must know better
than that. (Laughing affectedly.)--No, no; they were shut up in the drawing-room
together, and all I heard was only by listening at the door."
"How!" cried Elinor; "have you been repeating to me what you only learnt
yourself by listening at the door? I am sorry I did not know it before; for I
certainly would not have suffered you to give me particulars of a conversation
which you ought not to have known yourself. How could you behave so unfairly
by your sister?"
"Oh, la! there is nothing in that. I only stood at the door, and heard what I
could. And I am sure Lucy would have done just the same by me; for a year or
two back, when Martha Sharpe and I had so many secrets together, she never
made any bones of hiding in a closet, or behind a chimney-board, on purpose to
hear what we said."
Elinor tried to talk of something else; but Miss Steele could not be kept
beyond a couple of minutes, from what was uppermost in her mind.%
"Edward talks of going to Oxford soon," said she; "but now he is lodging at
No. --, Pall Mall. What an ill-natured woman his mother is, an't she? And your
brother and sister were not very kind! However, I shan't say anything against
them to you; and to be sure they did send us home in their own chariot, which
was more than I looked for. And for my part, I was all in a fright for fear your
sister should ask us for the huswifes she had gave us a day or two before; but,
however, nothing was said about them, and I took care to keep mine out of sight.
Edward have got some business at Oxford, he says; so he must go there for a
time; and after that, as soon as he can light upon a Bishop, he will be ordained. I

chariot: (n) car, wagon, carriage,
waggon, vehicle, wain, equipage,
char.
closet: (n) cupboard, cubicle, cell,
latrine, bathroom, wardrobe, water
closet; (adj) clandestine, confidential, accommodation, housing, hostel,
secret, private. ANTONYM: (adj)
open.
hiding: (n) covering, concealment,
concealing, beating, screening,
thrashing, flogging, rout, burial,
drubbing, ambush.
Thesaurus
interrupting: (adj) cross, interchanged, unfairly: (adv) dishonestly, deceitfully,
interpelling, meddlesome, adverse, partially, unequally, deceptively,
defensive, contrary, interpellant, wrongly, wrongfully, unduly,
interruptive. fraudulently; (adv, v) foully,
lodging: (n) abode, apartment, shamefully. ANTONYMS: (adv)
honestly, justly, reasonably, evenly,
residence, quarter, home, lodgement, genuinely.
address, hospice. uppermost: (adj) top, upmost, upper,
ordained: (adj) destined, prescribed, highest, chief, maximum, supreme,
appointed, predestined, fated, greatest, major, outermost; (n) main.
preordained, meant, legal, lawful, ANTONYMS: (adj) bottom, lowest,
dedicated, inevitable. trivial, lower.
272 Sense and Sensibility

wonder what curacy he will get!--Good gracious! (giggling as she spoke) I'd lay
my life I know what my cousins will say, when they hear of it. They will tell me
I should write to the Doctor, to get Edward the curacy of his new living. I know
they will; but I am sure I would not do such a thing for all the world.-- 'La!' I
shall say directly, 'I wonder how you could think of such a thing? I write to the
Doctor, indeed!'"
"Well," said Elinor, "it is a comfort to be prepared against the worst. You
have got your answer ready."
Miss Steele was going to reply on the same subject, but the approach of her
own party made another more necessary.%
"Oh, la! here come the Richardsons. I had a vast deal more to say to you, but
I must not stay away from them not any longer. I assure you they are very
genteel people. He makes a monstrous deal of money, and they keep their own
coach. I have not time to speak to Mrs. Jennings about it myself, but pray tell her
I am quite happy to hear she is not in anger against us, and Lady Middleton the
same; and if anything should happen to take you and your sister away, and Mrs.
Jennings should want company, I am sure we should be very glad to come and
stay with her for as long a time as she likes. I suppose Lady Middleton won't ask
us any more this bout. Good-by; I am sorry Miss Marianne was not here.
Remember me kindly to her. La! if you have not got your spotted muslin on!--I
wonder you was not afraid of its being torn."
Such was her parting concern; for after this, she had time only to pay her
farewell compliments to Mrs. Jennings, before her company was claimed by Mrs.
Richardson; and Elinor was left in possession of knowledge which might feed
her powers of reflection some time, though she had learnt very little more than
what had been already foreseen and foreplanned in her own mind. Edward's
marriage with Lucy was as firmly determined on, and the time of its taking place
remained as absolutely uncertain, as she had concluded it would be;--every thing
depended, exactly after her expectation, on his getting that preferment, of which,
at present, there seemed not the smallest chance.

Thesaurus
bout: (n, v) round; (n) attack, spell, giggling: (n) laughter. fabric, nainsook, organdie.
turn, competition, fight, battle, kindly: (adj) kind, amiable, genial, preferment: (n) advancement,
fighting, effort, game, fit. charitable; (adv) sympathetically, elevation, priority, preference,
compliments: (n) respects, benevolently, tenderly; (adj, n) consecration, induction, institution,
commendation, wish, greetings, benign, gentle, sympathetic, ordination, holy orders, translation;
salutation, respect, applause, flattery, benevolent. ANTONYMS: (adv) (n, v) promotion. ANTONYM: (n)
acclamation, regards, approbation. harshly, nastily, callously, cruelly, demotion.
feed: (v) eat, dine, browse, encourage, sharply, disagreeably, grumpily, spotted: (adj) mottled, speckled,
board, diet, nourish, fatten; (n, v) malevolently; (adj) upsetting, dappled, piebald, blotchy, dotted,
nurture, provender; (n) aliment. unfeeling, sour. flyblown, multicolored, stained,
ANTONYMS: (v) thwart, crave, muslin: (v) linen, cloth; (n) spotty, flecked. ANTONYM: (adj)
desire, sap. mousseline, organdy, cambric, crash, uniform.
 Jane Austen 273

As soon as they returned to the carriage, Mrs. Jennings was eager for
information; but as Elinor wished to spread as little as possible intelligence that
had in the first place been so unfairly obtained, she confined herself to the brief
repetition of such simple particulars, as she felt assured that Lucy, for the sake of
her own consequence, would choose to have known. The continuance of their
engagement, and the means that were able to be taken for promoting its end, was
all her communication; and this produced from Mrs. Jennings the following
natural remark.%
"Wait for his having a living!--ay, we all know how that will end:--they will
wait a twelvemonth, and finding no good comes of it, will set down upon a
curacy of fifty pounds a-year, with the interest of his two thousand pounds, and
what little matter Mr. Steele and Mr. Pratt can give her.--Then they will have a
child every year! and Lord help 'em! how poor they will be!--I must see what I
can give them towards furnishing their house. Two maids and two men,
indeed!--as I talked of t'other day.--No, no, they must get a stout girl of all
works.-- Betty's sister would never do for them now."
The next morning brought Elinor a letter by the two-penny post from Lucy
herself. It was as follows:

"Bartlett's Building, March.

"I hope my dear Miss Dashwood will excuse the liberty I take of
writing to her; but I know your friendship for me will make you pleased
to hear such a good account of myself and my dear Edward, after all the
troubles we have went through lately, therefore will make no more
apologies, but proceed to say that, thank God! though we have suffered
dreadfully, we are both quite well now, and as happy as we must always
be in one another's love. We have had great trials, and great
persecutions, but however, at the same time, gratefully acknowledge
many friends, yourself not the least among them, whose great kindness I
shall always thankfully remember, as will Edward too, who I have told
of it. I am sure you will be glad to hear, as likewise dear Mrs. Jennings, I

acknowledge: (v) recognize, confess,
accept, profess, own, admit, concede,
appreciate, notice, declare, approve.
ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, overlook,
reject, repudiate, snub, refuse,
renounce, abjure, disavow, disregard,
refute.
apologies: (n) regret.
assured: (adj, v) certain, sure; (adj)
confident, guaranteed, positive,
definite, assertive, confirmed,
convinced, reliable, safe.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (adj) uncertain, cowardly, slight, skinny, fragile,
doubtful, unsure, troubled, timid, weak.
questionable, hesitant, confused, thankfully: (adv) gratefully, obligedly,
halting, unlikely. beholdenly, indebtedly, pleasedly,
furnishing: (n) provision, fixture, fortunately, happily, unreservedly,
fitting, installation, equipment, with enthusiasm, with pleasure,
trimming, device, interior decoration, freely. ANTONYMS: (adv)
contents; (v) provide, furnish. unfortunately, unwillingly.
stout: (adj, n) sturdy, stocky, hearty; troubles: (n) dilemma, evils, harms,
(adj) hardy, strong, robust, obese, ills.
husky, bold, corpulent, fleshy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, slim, flimsy,
274 Sense and Sensibility

spent two happy hours with him yesterday afternoon, he would not hear
of our parting, though earnestly did I, as I thought my duty required,
urge him to it for prudence sake, and would have parted for ever on the
spot, would he consent to it; but he said it should never be, he did not
regard his mother's anger, while he could have my affections; our
prospects are not very bright, to be sure, but we must wait, and hope for
the best; he will be ordained shortly; and should it ever be in your power
to recommend him to any body that has a living to bestow, am very sure
you will not forget us, and dear Mrs. Jennings too, trust she will speak a
good word for us to Sir John, or Mr. Palmer, or any friend that may be
able to assist us.--Poor Anne was much to blame for what she did, but
she did it for the best, so I say nothing; hope Mrs. Jennings won't think it
too much trouble to give us a call, should she come this way any
morning, 'twould be a great kindness, and my cousins would be proud
to know her.--My paper reminds me to conclude; and begging to be most
gratefully and respectfully remembered to her, and to Sir John, and
Lady Middleton, and the dear children, when you chance to see them,
and love to Miss Marianne,
"I am, &c."

As soon as Elinor had finished it, she performed what she concluded to be its
writer's real design, by placing it in the hands of Mrs. Jennings, who read it
aloud with many comments of satisfaction and praise.%
"Very well indeed!--how prettily she writes!--aye, that was quite proper to let
him be off if he would. That was just like Lucy.--Poor soul! I wish I could get him
a living, with all my heart.--She calls me dear Mrs. Jennings, you see. She is a
good-hearted girl as ever lived.--Very well upon my word. That sentence is very
prettily turned. Yes, yes, I will go and see her, sure enough. How attentive she
is, to think of every body!--Thank you, my dear, for shewing it me. It is as pretty
a letter as ever I saw, and does Lucy's head and heart great credit."

Thesaurus
aloud: (adv) loud, out loud, strong, ordering, disposal, borrowing, admiringly, regardfully.
out, audibly, hard, forte. composition. ANTONYMS: (adv) impudently,
ANTONYMS: (adv) softly, inaudibly, prettily: (adv) beautifully, charmingly, contemptuously, disdainfully,
quietly. pleasantly, handsomely, finely, rudely, insolently, audaciously,
concluded: (adj, adv) finished, done, neatly, gracefully, picturesquely, sneeringly, nastily, irreverently,
completed, ended; (adj) over, closed, elegantly, delightfully, pleasingly. disobediently, arrogantly.
terminated, accomplished, all over, ANTONYMS: (adv) unattractively, urge: (v) push, press, advocate,
consummate, set. unpleasantly. persuade, impel, induce; (n, v) spur,
good-hearted: (adj) benign, good- respectfully: (adv) reverentially, drive, force; (n) impulse; (adj, v)
natured, kindly, kindhearted. reverently, politely, courteously, incite. ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, hate,
placing: (n) placement, arrangement, civilly, attentively, graciously, aversion, disinclination; (v) dissuade,
disposition, installation, allocation, submissively, obsequiously, oppose, demand, prevent, restrain.
 Jane Austen 275

CHAPTER 39

The Miss Dashwoods had now been rather more than two months in town,
and Marianne's impatience to be gone increased every day. She sighed for the
air, the liberty, the quiet of the country; and fancied that if any place could give
her ease, Barton must do it. Elinor was hardly less anxious than herself for their
removal, and only so much less bent on its being effected immediately, as that
she was conscious of the difficulties of so long a journey, which Marianne could
not be brought to acknowledge. She began, however, seriously to turn her
thoughts towards its accomplishment, and had already mentioned their wishes
to their kind hostess, who resisted them with all the eloquence of her good-will,
when a plan was suggested, which, though detaining them from home yet a few
weeks longer, appeared to Elinor altogether much more eligible than any other.
The Palmers were to remove to Cleveland about the end of March, for the Easter
holidays; and Mrs. Jennings, with both her friends, received a very warm
invitation from Charlotte to go with them. This would not, in itself, have been
sufficient for the delicacy of Miss Dashwood;--but it was inforced with so much
real politeness by Mr. Palmer himself, as, joined to the very great amendment of
his manners towards them since her sister had been known to be unhappy,
induced her to accept it with pleasure.%
When she told Marianne what she had done, however, her first reply was not
very auspicious.
"Cleveland!"--she cried, with great agitation. "No, I cannot go to Cleveland."--

amendment: (n) alteration, betterment,
redress, improvement, revision,
addition, supplement, addendum,
appendix, transformation,
adjustment.
auspicious: (adj) lucky, favorable,
propitious, happy, prosperous,
providential, successful, opportune;
(adj, n) fortunate, helpful; (adj, v)
auspicial. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unfortunate, inopportune,
unfavorable, untimely, ominous,
Thesaurus
unlucky, insignificant.
effected: (adj) completed, complete,
finished, fulfilled, done, realized,
conventional, constituted,
established.
eligible: (adj) acceptable, advisable, fit,
due, adequate, desirable, becoming,
proper, able, capable, admissible.
ANTONYMS: (adj) ineligible,
unqualified, disqualified, unsuitable,
unfit, unworthy.
hostess: (n) mistress, air hostess, flight
attendant, housewife, steward,
innkeeper, landlady, prostitute, host.
removal: (n) transfer, expulsion,
elimination, dismissal, exclusion,
shift, remove, ablation, move,
withdrawal, abatement.
ANTONYMS: (n) insertion, addition,
provision, arrival, return, inclusion.
thoughts: (n) mind, opinion, depth of
thought, feelings, reflection, ideas,
workings of the mind, view, stance,
position, considered opinion.
276 Sense and Sensibility

"You forget," said Elinor gently, "that its situation is not...that it is not in the
neighbourhood of..."
"But it is in Somersetshire.--I cannot go into Somersetshire.--There, where I
looked forward to going...No, Elinor, you cannot expect me to go there."
Elinor would not argue upon the propriety of overcoming such feelings;--she
only endeavoured to counteract them by working on others;--represented it,
therefore, as a measure which would fix the time of her returning to that dear
mother, whom she so much wished to see, in a more eligible, more comfortable
manner, than any other plan could do, and perhaps without any greater delay.
From Cleveland, which was within a few miles of Bristol, the distance to Barton
was not beyond one day, though a long day's journey; and their mother's servant
might easily come there to attend them down; and as there could be no occasion
of their staying above a week at Cleveland, they might now be at home in little
more than three weeks' time. As Marianne's affection for her mother was sincere,
it must triumph with little difficulty, over the imaginary evils she had started.%
Mrs. Jennings was so far from being weary of her guest, that she pressed
them very earnestly to return with her again from Cleveland. Elinor was grateful
for the attention, but it could not alter her design; and their mother's concurrence
being readily gained, every thing relative to their return was arranged as far as it
could be;-- and Marianne found some relief in drawing up a statement of the
hours that were yet to divide her from Barton.
"Ah! Colonel, I do not know what you and I shall do without the Miss
Dashwoods;"--was Mrs. Jennings's address to him when he first called on her,
after their leaving her was settled--"for they are quite resolved upon going home
from the Palmers;--and how forlorn we shall be, when I come back!--Lord! we
shall sit and gape at one another as dull as two cats."
Perhaps Mrs. Jennings was in hopes, by this vigorous sketch of their future
ennui, to provoke him to make that offer, which might give himself an escape
from it;-- and if so, she had soon afterwards good reason to think her object
gained; for, on Elinor's moving to the window to take more expeditiously the
dimensions of a print, which she was going to copy for her friend, he followed
Thesaurus
concurrence: (n) coincidence, accord, back, reinforce. gape: (v) gawk, yawn, open, glare,
assent, concord, consent, agreement, ennui: (n) fatigue, tedium, weariness, goggle, split, dehisce, ogle, see; (adj,
approval, compliance, concourse, melancholy, monotony, tediousness, n) stare; (n, v) look.
conjunction, confluence. dissatisfaction, listlessness, apathy; overcoming: (adj) fortunate.
ANTONYMS: (n) disagreement, (v) bore, pall. ANTONYMS: (n) provoke: (n, v) excite; (v) defy, offend,
conflict, refusal, rejection. variation, liveliness, enthusiasm, enrage, anger, irritate, arouse, kindle,
counteract: (v) antagonize, energy, interest. inflame, invite, get. ANTONYMS: (v)
counterbalance, check, balance, evils: (n) mala. please, soothe, mollify, deter, inhibit,
cancel, hinder, neutralize, contradict, expeditiously: (adv) swiftly, rapidly, dampen, arbitrate, allay, defuse,
resist, compensate, contravene. fleetly, quickly, efficiently, hastily, discourage, douse.
ANTONYMS: (v) help, cooperate, agilely, speedily, fast, expeditely,
assist, approve, coordinate, support, fastly.
 Jane Austen 277

her to it with a look of particular meaning, and conversed with her there for
several minutes. The effect of his discourse on the lady too, could not escape her
observation, for though she was too honorable to listen, and had even changed
her seat, on purpose that she might not hear, to one close by the piano forte on
which Marianne was playing, she could not keep herself from seeing that Elinor
changed colour, attended with agitation, and was too intent on what he said to
pursue her employment.-- Still farther in confirmation of her hopes, in the
interval of Marianne's turning from one lesson to another, some words of the
Colonel's inevitably reached her ear, in which he seemed to be apologising for
the badness of his house. This set the matter beyond a doubt. She wondered,
indeed, at his thinking it necessary to do so; but supposed it to be the proper
etiquette. What Elinor said in reply she could not distinguish, but judged from
the motion of her lips, that she did not think that any material objection;--and
Mrs. Jennings commended her in her heart for being so honest. They then talked
on for a few minutes longer without her catching a syllable, when another lucky
stop in Marianne's performance brought her these words in the Colonel's calm
voice,--
"I am afraid it cannot take place very soon."
Astonished and shocked at so unlover-like a speech, she was almost ready to
cry out, "Lord! what should hinder it?"--but checking her desire, confined herself
to this silent ejaculation.%
"This is very strange!--sure he need not wait to be older."
This delay on the Colonel's side, however, did not seem to offend or mortify
his fair companion in the least, for on their breaking up the conference soon
afterwards, and moving different ways, Mrs. Jennings very plainly heard Elinor
say, and with a voice which shewed her to feel what she said,
"I shall always think myself very much obliged to you."
Mrs. Jennings was delighted with her gratitude, and only wondered that after
hearing such a sentence, the Colonel should be able to take leave of them, as he
immediately did, with the utmost sang-froid, and go away without making her

badness: (n) evil, wickedness, evilness,
ill, naughtiness, disobedience,
intensity, intensiveness, quality,
roguishness, viciousness.
ANTONYMS: (n) goodness, decency,
good.
commended: (adj) highly praised.
etiquette: (n) decorum, rite, civility,
protocol, label, form, convention,
decency, formality, tag, custom.
forte: (adj, n) faculty, ability,
endowment; (n) strong point,
Thesaurus
strength, specialty, strong suit,
metier; (adj) loud, strong; (adv)
loudly. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness,
failing.
hinder: (v) impede, resist, check,
hamper, obstruct, curb, handicap,
delay; (n, v) bar; (adj) posterior, hind. intent: (n) idea, intention, design,
ANTONYMS: (v) help, facilitate,
assist, prompt, encourage, promote,
allow, support, accelerate.
honorable: (adj) good, estimable,
exalted, respectable, fair, decent,
reputable, ethical, honor; (adj, v)
great, noble. ANTONYMS: (adj)
shameful, disgraceful, corrupt,
degenerate, immoral, humiliating,
dishonest, unethical, decadent, bad,
deceitful.
spirit, meaning, import, goal,
purpose; (adj, n) attentive; (adj)
absorbed, engrossed.
sang-froid: (n) presence.
278 Sense and Sensibility

any reply!--She had not thought her old friend could have made so indifferent a
suitor.%
What had really passed between them was to this effect.
"I have heard," said he, with great compassion, "of the injustice your friend
Mr. Ferrars has suffered from his family; for if I understand the matter right, he
has been entirely cast off by them for persevering in his engagement with a very
deserving young woman.-- Have I been rightly informed?--Is it so?--"
Elinor told him that it was.
"The cruelty, the impolitic cruelty,"--he replied, with great feeling,--"of
dividing, or attempting to divide, two young people long attached to each other,
is terrible.-- Mrs. Ferrars does not know what she may be doing--what she may
drive her son to. I have seen Mr. Ferrars two or three times in Harley Street, and
am much pleased with him. He is not a young man with whom one can be
intimately acquainted in a short time, but I have seen enough of him to wish him
well for his own sake, and as a friend of yours, I wish it still more. I understand
that he intends to take orders. Will you be so good as to tell him that the living
of Delaford, now just vacant, as I am informed by this day's post, is his, if he
think it worth his acceptance--but that, perhaps, so unfortunately circumstanced
as he is now, it may be nonsense to appear to doubt; I only wish it were more
valuable.-- It is a rectory, but a small one; the late incumbent, I believe, did not
make more than 200 L per annum, and though it is certainly capable of
improvement, I fear, not to such an amount as to afford him a very comfortable
income. Such as it is, however, my pleasure in presenting him to it, will be very
great. Pray assure him of it."
Elinor's astonishment at this commission could hardly have been greater, had
the Colonel been really making her an offer of his hand. The preferment, which
only two days before she had considered as hopeless for Edward, was already
provided to enable him to marry;-- and she, of all people in the world, was fixed
on to bestow it!--Her emotion was such as Mrs. Jennings had attributed to a very
different cause;--but whatever minor feelings less pure, less pleasing, might have
a share in that emotion, her esteem for the general benevolence, and her
Thesaurus
attributed: (adj) credited. ANTONYM: imprudent, unwise, inadvisable, not vicarage, residence, habitation, home,
(adj) unofficial. politic, ill-advised, disadvantageous, glebe house, glebe, dwelling house,
circumstanced: (adj) conditioned. reckless, injudicious, indiscreet. domicile, deanery.
hopeless: (adj) incurable, despondent, ANTONYMS: (adj) politic, wise, vacant: (adj) blank, hollow, unfilled,
forlorn, disconsolate, desperate, prudent. void, free, unoccupied, bare, idle,
impossible, useless, abject, despair, persevering: (adj) diligent, firm, expressionless, open; (adj, v) devoid.
dismal, irreparable. ANTONYMS: determined, constant, resolute, ANTONYMS: (adj) full, cognizant,
(adj) cheerful, competent, promising, dogged, persistent, tenacious, overflowing, inhabited, aware,
optimistic, encouraging, helpful, steadfast, industrious, insistent. comprehending, animated, solid,
useful, successful, practical, laudable, ANTONYM: (adj) irresolute. expressive, knowing.
effective. presenting: (adj) featuring.
impolitic: (adj) maladroit, inexpedient, rectory: (n) parsonage, manse,
 Jane Austen 279

gratitude for the particular friendship, which together prompted Colonel

Brandon to this act, were strongly felt, and warmly expressed. She thanked him
for it with all her heart, spoke of Edward's principles and disposition with that
praise which she knew them to deserve; and promised to undertake the
commission with pleasure, if it were really his wish to put off so agreeable an
office to another. But at the same time, she could not help thinking that no one
could so well perform it as himself. It was an office in short, from which,
unwilling to give Edward the pain of receiving an obligation from her, she would
have been very glad to be spared herself;-- but Colonel Brandon, on motives of
equal delicacy, declining it likewise, still seemed so desirous of its being given
through her means, that she would not on any account make farther opposition.
Edward, she believed, was still in town, and fortunately she had heard his
address from Miss Steele. She could undertake therefore to inform him of it, in
the course of the day. After this had been settled, Colonel Brandon began to talk
of his own advantage in securing so respectable and agreeable a neighbour, and
then it was that he mentioned with regret, that the house was small and
indifferent;--an evil which Elinor, as Mrs. Jennings had supposed her to do, made
very light of, at least as far as regarded its size.%
"The smallness of the house," said she, "I cannot imagine any inconvenience
to them, for it will be in proportion to their family and income."
By which the Colonel was surprised to find that she was considering Mr.
Ferrars's marriage as the certain consequence of the presentation; for he did not
suppose it possible that Delaford living could supply such an income, as
anybody in his style of life would venture to settle on-- and he said so.
"This little rectory can do no more than make Mr. Ferrars comfortable as a
bachelor; it cannot enable him to marry. I am sorry to say that my patronage
ends with this; and my interest is hardly more extensive. If, however, by an
unforeseen chance it should be in my power to serve him farther, I must think
very differently of him from what I now do, if I am not as ready to be useful to
him then as I sincerely wish I could be at present. What I am now doing indeed,
seems nothing at all, since it can advance him so little towards what must be his

Thesaurus
bachelor: (adj) single, unmarried, patronage: (n) condescension, aegis, prompted: (adj) impelled, driven,
unattached; (n) unmarried man, clientele, favor, trade, backing, encouraged, provoked, pressed; (n)
graduate, knight bachelor, widower, assistance, countenance, auspices, contumely, abuse, discussions,
old bachelor, spinster, adult male, aid, championship. dictated, insult, invective.
agamist. ANTONYMS: (adj) married; praise: (v) approve, extol, flatter, unforeseen: (adj, v) unexpected,
(n) husband. celebrate, glorify; (n, v) commend, unanticipated, unlooked for; (adj)
declining: (adj) deteriorating, compliment, honor, glory, acclaim; sudden, accidental, contingent,
decreasing, waning, falling, down, (n) applause. ANTONYMS: (n) casual, surprising, chance, incidental;
decadent, fading, lessening, criticism, disparagement; (v) (adj, adv) out of the blue.
diminishing, sloping; (n) decrease. reprimand, disparage, reproach, ANTONYMS: (adj) predicted,
ANTONYMS: (adj) thriving, scold, belittle, rebuke, chastise, expected, direct.
burgeoning, growing. denigrate, sully.
280 Sense and Sensibility

principal, his only object of happiness. His marriage must still be a distant good;-
-at least, I am afraid it cannot take place very soon.--"
Such was the sentence which, when misunderstood, so justly offended the
delicate feelings of Mrs. Jennings; but after this narration of what really passed
between Colonel Brandon and Elinor, while they stood at the window, the
gratitude expressed by the latter on their parting, may perhaps appear in
general, not less reasonably excited, nor less properly worded than if it had
arisen from an offer of marriage.%

Thesaurus
arisen: (adj) risen. nearby, warm, pending, intimate, verbal, verbalized, verbalised,
delicate: (adj) accurate, tender, dainty, involved, alert. unequivocal, graphic.
refined, breakable, fragile, beautiful, excited: (adj, v) animated, ardent; (adj) misunderstood: (adj) mistreated,
brittle, soft, nice, frail. ANTONYMS: ablaze, enthusiastic, emotional, confused.
(adj) inelegant, robust, heavy, sturdy, frantic, warm, heated, delirious, reasonably: (adv) fairly, rather, quite,
tough, careless, inaccurate, rough, fervent, passionate. ANTONYMS: passably, pretty, justly, somewhat,
well, substantial, unscrupulous. (adj) cool, unexcited, bored, tranquil, sensibly, rationally, enough, fair.
distant: (adj) remote, aloof, chill, easygoing, disappointed, despairing, ANTONYMS: (adv) extremely,
detached, far, reserved, cool, long, comatose, apathetic, sedate, dangerously, illogically, irrationally,
icy, removed; (adv) afar. composed. wrongly, extravagantly, foolishly,
ANTONYMS: (adj) close, expressed: (adj) express, spoken, implausibly, intolerably,
neighboring, adjacent, friendly, near, phrased, explicit, voiced, expresssed, unsatisfactorily, unfairly.
 Jane Austen 281

CHAPTER 40

"Well, Miss Dashwood," said Mrs. Jennings, sagaciously smiling, as soon as

the gentleman had withdrawn, "I do not ask you what the Colonel has been
saying to you; for though, upon my honour, I tried to keep out of hearing, I could
not help catching enough to understand his business. And I assure you I never
was better pleased in my life, and I wish you joy of it with all my heart."%
"Thank you, ma'am," said Elinor. "It is a matter of great joy to me; and I feel
the goodness of Colonel Brandon most sensibly. There are not many men who
would act as he has done. Few people who have so compassionate a heart! I
never was more astonished in my life."
"Lord! my dear, you are very modest. I an't the least astonished at it in the
world, for I have often thought of late, there was nothing more likely to happen."
"You judged from your knowledge of the Colonel's general benevolence; but
at least you could not foresee that the opportunity would so very soon occur."
"Opportunity!" repeated Mrs. Jennings--"Oh! as to that, when a man has once
made up his mind to such a thing, somehow or other he will soon find an
opportunity. Well, my dear, I wish you joy of it again and again; and if ever there
was a happy couple in the world, I think I shall soon know where to look for
them."

goodness: (adj, n) generosity,
kindness, gentleness; (n) good,
excellence, benefit, virtue, worth,
morality; (adj) favor, beneficence.
ANTONYMS: (n) evil, wickedness,
badness, corruptness, bad,
immorality, corruption.
sagaciously: (adv) wisely, astutely,
sapiently, judiciously, politicly,
prudently, cleverly, sharply,
perceptively, sagely, discreetly.
sensibly: (adv) sanely, intelligently,
Thesaurus
rationally, pragmatically, upon: (adv, prep) above; (prep) up,
realistically, cleverly, politically, onto, against, towards; (adv) on, on
perceptibly, soundly, noticeably, that occasion, then, before, by; (n) at.
wisely. ANTONYMS: (adv) foolishly, withdrawn: (adj) reserved, retiring,
ludicrously, ridiculously, solitary, indrawn, cloistered,
unreasonably, illogically, madly, reclusive, uncommunicative, taciturn,
irrationally, hastily, stupidly, unsociable, lonely, shy.
irresponsibly, immaturely. ANTONYMS: (adj) visible,
smiling: (adv) smilingly; (adj) bright, forthcoming, forward, friendly,
cheerful, jolly, joyful, of good cheer, known, sociable, uninhibited,
twinkly, fair, sunny; (n) grinning, extroverted, seen, approachable,
grin. ANTONYMS: (adj) sad, gloomy. extrovert.
282 Sense and Sensibility

"You mean to go to Delaford after them I suppose," said Elinor, with a faint
smile.%
"Aye, my dear, that I do, indeed. And as to the house being a bad one, I do
not know what the Colonel would be at, for it is as good a one as ever I saw."
"He spoke of its being out of repair."
"Well, and whose fault is that? why don't he repair it?-- who should do it but
himself?"
They were interrupted by the servant's coming in to announce the carriage
being at the door; and Mrs. Jennings immediately preparing to go, said,--
"Well, my dear, I must be gone before I have had half my talk out. But,
however, we may have it all over in the evening; for we shall be quite alone. I do
not ask you to go with me, for I dare say your mind is too full of the matter to
care for company; and besides, you must long to tell your sister all about it."
Marianne had left the room before the conversation began.
"Certainly, ma'am, I shall tell Marianne of it; but I shall not mention it at
present to any body else."
"Oh! very well," said Mrs. Jennings rather disappointed. "Then you would not
have me tell it to Lucy, for I think of going as far as Holborn to-day."
"No, ma'am, not even Lucy if you please. One day's delay will not be very
material; and till I have written to Mr. Ferrars, I think it ought not to be
mentioned to any body else. I shall do that directly. It is of importance that no
time should be lost with him, for he will of course have much to do relative to his
ordination."
This speech at first puzzled Mrs. Jennings exceedingly. Why Mr. Ferrars was
to have been written to about it in such a hurry, she could not immediately
comprehend. A few moments' reflection, however, produced a very happy idea,
and she exclaimed;--
"Oh, ho!--I understand you. Mr. Ferrars is to be the man. Well, so much the
better for him. Ay, to be sure, he must be ordained in readiness; and I am very

Thesaurus
announce: (v) advertise, declare, energetic, defined; (v) revive. (prep) interrupt.
enunciate, proclaim, return, hurry: (n) haste; (n, v) bustle, hasten, readiness: (n) facility, ease, expedition,
promulgate, publicize, publish, tell, dispatch, flurry, rush; (v) scurry, preparation, promptness, knack,
communicate, foretell. ANTONYMS: dash, accelerate, expedite, run. dexterity, eagerness, quickness,
(v) withhold, conceal, repress, ANTONYMS: (n) slowness, calmness, fitness; (adj, n) alacrity. ANTONYMS:
request. patience, unimportance; (v) dawdle, (n) reluctance, delay.
faint: (adj, n, v) swoon; (adj) dim, delay, linger, crawl, amble; (intj) repair: (n, v) redress, mend, correct,
feeble, dizzy, indistinct, vague, soft, wait. cure, overhaul, fix; (v) patch, restore,
dull; (adj, v) weak; (v) languish, pass interrupted: (adj) discontinuous, fitful, doctor, renovate, compensate.
out. ANTONYMS: (adj) distinct, intermittent, discontinued, ANTONYMS: (v) injure, arrive,
clear, obvious, loud, considerable, disconnected, unsuccessive, wreck, worsen; (n) breaking,
pungent, invigorated, hearty, intervallic, episodic, gaping, periodic; wrecking.
 Jane Austen 283

glad to find things are so forward between you. But, my dear, is not this rather
out of character? Should not the Colonel write himself?--sure, he is the proper
person."
Elinor did not quite understand the beginning of Mrs. Jennings's speech,
neither did she think it worth inquiring into; and therefore only replied to its
conclusion.%
"Colonel Brandon is so delicate a man, that he rather wished any one to
announce his intentions to Mr. Ferrars than himself."
"And so you are forced to do it. Well that is an odd kind of delicacy!
However, I will not disturb you (seeing her preparing to write.) You know your
own concerns best. So goodby, my dear. I have not heard of any thing to please
me so well since Charlotte was brought to bed."
And away she went; but returning again in a moment,
"I have just been thinking of Betty's sister, my dear. I should be very glad to
get her so good a mistress. But whether she would do for a lady's maid, I am
sure I can't tell. She is an excellent housemaid, and works very well at her
needle. However, you will think of all that at your leisure."
"Certainly, ma'am," replied Elinor, not hearing much of what she said, and
more anxious to be alone, than to be mistress of the subject.
How she should begin--how she should express herself in her note to
Edward, was now all her concern. The particular circumstances between them
made a difficulty of that which to any other person would have been the easiest
thing in the world; but she equally feared to say too much or too little, and sat
deliberating over her paper, with the pen in her hand, till broken in on by the
entrance of Edward himself.
He had met Mrs. Jennings at the door in her way to the carriage, as he came
to leave his farewell card; and she, after apologising for not returning herself,
had obliged him to enter, by saying that Miss Dashwood was above, and wanted
to speak with him on very particular business.

Thesaurus
anxious: (adj) uneasy, alarmed, access, entry, admittance, threshold, sound; (adj, n) audience.
thoughtful, fearful, apprehensive, arrival, door. ANTONYMS: (n) maid: (n) damsel, chambermaid, lass,
agitated, keen; (adj, v) nervous, tense, departure, exit, egress, egression, lassie, girl, domestic, amah, virgin,
solicitous, jumpy. ANTONYMS: (adj) exiting, exclusion, retirement; (v) maiden, housemaid, handmaid.
relaxed, carefree, confident, rational, bore, repel, repulse. needle: (v) irritate, goad, sting, rile,
unconcerned, undisturbed, goodby: (n) adieu, so long, good-bye, gall, aggravate, nag; (n) injection,
untroubled, assured, comfortable, adios, good-by, farewell, cheerio, pointer, awl, plunger.
cool, apathetic. bye, goodbye, arrivederci, auf preparing: (n) preparation,
deliberating: (adj) deliberative, Wiedersehen. manufacturing; (v) brewing, prepare;
pondering. hearing: (n) audition, ear, auditory (adj) preliminary, forthcoming,
entrance: (v) enchant, charm, sense, trial, consultation, reach, coming.
captivate, bewitch, enrapture; (n) auscultation, inquiry; (n, v) earshot,
284 Sense and Sensibility

Elinor had just been congratulating herself, in the midst of her perplexity,
that however difficult it might be to express herself properly by letter, it was at
least preferable to giving the information by word of mouth, when her visitor
entered, to force her upon this greatest exertion of all. Her astonishment and
confusion were very great on his so sudden appearance. She had not seen him
before since his engagement became public, and therefore not since his knowing
her to be acquainted with it; which, with the consciousness of what she had been
thinking of, and what she had to tell him, made her feel particularly
uncomfortable for some minutes. He too was much distressed; and they sat
down together in a most promising state of embarrassment.--Whether he had
asked her pardon for his intrusion on first coming into the room, he could not
recollect; but determining to be on the safe side, he made his apology in form as
soon as he could say any thing, after taking a chair.%
"Mrs. Jennings told me," said he, "that you wished to speak with me, at least I
understood her so--or I certainly should not have intruded on you in such a
manner; though at the same time, I should have been extremely sorry to leave
London without seeing you and your sister; especially as it will most likely be
some time--it is not probable that I should soon have the pleasure of meeting you
again. I go to Oxford tomorrow."
"You would not have gone, however," said Elinor, recovering herself, and
determined to get over what she so much dreaded as soon as possible, "without
receiving our good wishes, even if we had not been able to give them in person.
Mrs. Jennings was quite right in what she said. I have something of consequence
to inform you of, which I was on the point of communicating by paper. I am
charged with a most agreeable office (breathing rather faster than usual as she
spoke.) Colonel Brandon, who was here only ten minutes ago, has desired me to
say, that understanding you mean to take orders, he has great pleasure in
offering you the living of Delaford now just vacant, and only wishes it were
more valuable. Allow me to congratulate you on having so respectable and well-
judging a friend, and to join in his wish that the living--it is about two hundred
a-year--were much more considerable, and such as might better enable you to--as

communicating: (n) communication,
intercommunication, suasion,
expression, transmission,
examination, intercourse,
dramaturgy; (v) communicate; (adj)
communicant, dramaturgic.
determining: (adj) crucial, deciding,
conclusive, determinate, certain,
definite, decisive, fixed, terminative;
(v) determine; (n) terminer.
midst: (adj, n) middle; (adv) mid,
between; (prep) among, amid; (n)
Thesaurus
core, center, thick, interior, heart,
waist.
pardon: (v) excuse, condone, forgive,
acquit, spare; (n) amnesty,
forgiveness, grace; (adj, v) justify,
exonerate, exculpate. ANTONYMS:
(n, v) blame; (v) punish, castigate,
condemn, convict; (n) intolerance.
preferable: (adj) better, superior,
favored, likable, eligible, enjoyable,
fit; (n) pleasing, agreeable, beloved,
dear.
promising: (adj) auspicious, bright,
favorable, propitious, encouraging,
favourable, hopeful, promise,
budding, optimistic, probable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeless,
inauspicious, threatening,
unfavorable, unlikely, depressing.
recovering: (v) recover, regain, restore;
(adj) better; (n) rehabilitation,
recovery, rescue, relaxation; (adv)
getting better, on the road to
recovery, improving.
 Jane Austen 285

might be more than a temporary accommodation to yourself--such, in short, as

might establish all your views of happiness."%
What Edward felt, as he could not say it himself, it cannot be expected that
any one else should say for him. He looked all the astonishment which such
unexpected, such unthought-of information could not fail of exciting; but he said
only these two words,
"Colonel Brandon!"--
"Yes," continued Elinor, gathering more resolution, as some of the worst was
over, "Colonel Brandon means it as a testimony of his concern for what has lately
passed--for the cruel situation in which the unjustifiable conduct of your family
has placed you--a concern which I am sure Marianne, myself, and all your
friends, must share; and likewise as a proof of his high esteem for your general
character, and his particular approbation of your behaviour on the present
occasion."
"Colonel Brandon give me a living!--Can it be possible?"
"The unkindness of your own relations has made you astonished to find
friendship any where."
"No," replied be, with sudden consciousness, "not to find it in you; for I
cannot be ignorant that to you, to your goodness, I owe it all.--I feel it--I would
express it if I could--but, as you well know, I am no orator."
"You are very much mistaken. I do assure you that you owe it entirely, at
least almost entirely, to your own merit, and Colonel Brandon's discernment of
it. I have had no hand in it. I did not even know, till I understood his design,
that the living was vacant; nor had it ever occurred to me that he might have had
such a living in his gift. As a friend of mine, of my family, he may, perhaps--
indeed I know he has, still greater pleasure in bestowing it; but, upon my word,
you owe nothing to my solicitation."
Truth obliged her to acknowledge some small share in the action, but she was
at the same time so unwilling to appear as the benefactress of Edward, that she
acknowledged it with hesitation; which probably contributed to fix that

benefactress: (n) helper, patroness,
donor, patron.
contributed: (adj) collatitious, unpaid. compilation, meeting, crew, gather,
cruel: (adj, v) hard, harsh, sharp,
severe; (adj) barbarous, unkind,
brutal, bloody, bitter, savage,
atrocious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
merciful, gentle, sympathetic,
humane, liberal, compassionate,
charitable, friendly, caring,
considerate, libertarian.
gathering: (n) collection,
Thesaurus
accumulation, concourse, dull, unaware, uninformed,
congregation, assemblage, crowd, unlearned, innocent. ANTONYMS:
(adj) conscious, versed, cultured,
throng. ANTONYMS: (n) educated, informed, wary, literate,
dismantling, scattering. aware, polite.
gift: (adj, n, v) endowment, faculty, merit: (n, v) deserve; (adj, n)
ability, talent; (n) donation, flair, excellence, worth, desert; (n) virtue,
bestowal; (n, v) award, present, boon; credit, significance, value, goodness,
(adj, n) capacity. ANTONYMS: (n) quality; (v) rate. ANTONYMS: (n)
penalty, forfeiture, failing. demerit, disgrace, fault,
ignorant: (adj) unconscious, unwitting, insignificance, mediocrity,
rude, illiterate, uneducated, blind, commonness.
286 Sense and Sensibility

suspicion in his mind which had recently entered it. For a short time he sat deep
in thought, after Elinor had ceased to speak;--at last, and as if it were rather an
effort, he said,
"Colonel Brandon seems a man of great worth and respectability. I have
always heard him spoken of as such, and your brother I know esteems him
highly. He is undoubtedly a sensible man, and in his manners perfectly the
gentleman."
"Indeed," replied Elinor, "I believe that you will find him, on farther
acquaintance, all that you have heard him to be, and as you will be such very
near neighbours (for I understand the parsonage is almost close to the mansion-
house,) it is particularly important that he should be all this."
Edward made no answer; but when she had turned away her head, gave her
a look so serious, so earnest, so uncheerful, as seemed to say, that he might
hereafter wish the distance between the parsonage and the mansion-house much
greater.%
"Colonel Brandon, I think, lodges in St. James Street," said he, soon
afterwards, rising from his chair.
Elinor told him the number of the house.
"I must hurry away then, to give him those thanks which you will not allow
me to give you; to assure him that he has made me a very--an exceedingly happy
man."
Elinor did not offer to detain him; and they parted, with a very earnest
assurance on her side of her unceasing good wishes for his happiness in every
change of situation that might befall him; on his, with rather an attempt to return
the same good will, than the power of expressing it.
"When I see him again," said Elinor to herself, as the door shut him out, "I
shall see him the husband of Lucy."
And with this pleasing anticipation, she sat down to reconsider the past,
recall the words and endeavour to comprehend all the feelings of Edward; and,
of course, to reflect on her own with discontent.
Thesaurus
anticipation: (n) forecast, hope, discontentedness, unrest; (adj) domicile, deanery, church house.
foresight, prevention, augury, melancholy, dissatisfied, disgruntled, reconsider: (v) revise, consider,
expectance, hopefulness, discontented. ANTONYMS: (n) reassess, consider again, go over,
prefiguration, presentiment; (n, v) contentment, pleasure, accord, retrace, return, redeliberate, reckon;
outlook, prospect. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness; (v) content; (adj, n) happy; (n) criticism, critique.
despair, boredom. (adj) contented. respectability: (n) reputation,
befall: (v) bechance, become, happen, expressing: (adj) significant; (n) propriety, reputability, decorum,
fall, arise, come about, occur, betide, speech. honesty, honourableness, gentility,
chance, transpire, pass. neighbours: (n) neighborhood. dignity, repute, politeness; (adj)
discontent: (n) disapproval, parsonage: (n) vicarage, rectory, respectableness. ANTONYMS: (n)
discontentment, disaffection, residence, habitation, glebe house, decadence, indecency, immorality.
displeasure, disappointment, glebe, dwelling house, dwelling,
 Jane Austen 287

When Mrs. Jennings came home, though she returned from seeing people
whom she had never seen before, and of whom therefore she must have a great
deal to say, her mind was so much more occupied by the important secret in her
possession, than by anything else, that she reverted to it again as soon as Elinor
appeared.%
"Well, my dear," she cried, "I sent you up to the young man. Did not I do
right?--And I suppose you had no great difficulty--You did not find him very
unwilling to accept your proposal?"
"No, ma'am; that was not very likely."
"Well, and how soon will he be ready?--For it seems all to depend upon that."
"Really," said Elinor, "I know so little of these kind of forms, that I can hardly
even conjecture as to the time, or the preparation necessary; but I suppose two or
three months will complete his ordination."
"Two or three months!" cried Mrs. Jennings; "Lord! my dear, how calmly you
talk of it; and can the Colonel wait two or three months! Lord bless me!--I am
sure it would put me quite out of patience!--And though one would be very glad
to do a kindness by poor Mr. Ferrars, I do think it is not worth while to wait two
or three months for him. Sure somebody else might be found that would do as
well; somebody that is in orders already."
"My dear ma'am," said Elinor, "what can you be thinking of?-- Why, Colonel
Brandon's only object is to be of use to Mr. Ferrars."
"Lord bless you, my dear!--Sure you do not mean to persuade me that the
Colonel only marries you for the sake of giving ten guineas to Mr. Ferrars!"
The deception could not continue after this; and an explanation immediately
took place, by which both gained considerable amusement for the moment,
without any material loss of happiness to either, for Mrs. Jennings only
exchanged one form of delight for another, and still without forfeiting her
expectation of the first.
"Aye, aye, the parsonage is but a small one," said she, after the first ebullition
of surprise and satisfaction was over, "and very likely may be out of repair; but to
Thesaurus
deception: (n, v) cheat; (n) illusion, nuisance, discontent; (v) depress, (adj) empty, vacant, uninhabited,
trick, pretense, delusion, betrayal, displease, sadden, irk; (n, v) bore. available, free, idle, liberated,
fake, flam, bluff, gammon, cheating. ebullition: (n) boiling, ferment, choler, unoccupied.
ANTONYMS: (n) honesty, bile, dander; (adj, n) effervescence; (v) orders: (n) holy orders, information,
candidness, sincerity, openness, seethe, coction; (adj) seething, stir, preparation, remit, briefing,
correction, integrity, genuine, splutter. guidelines.
truthfulness. exchanged: (adj) counterchanged, persuade: (v) convince, coax, assure,
delight: (n) joy, pleasure, amusement, bartered, substituted. allure, entice, influence, induce,
rejoicing, gladness; (v) ravish, amuse, occupied: (adj) busy, engaged, cajole, argue, exhort, lure.
please, captivate, transport, employed, diligent, active, absorbed, ANTONYMS: (v) discourage,
enrapture. ANTONYMS: (n) misery, engrossed, working, industrious, dissuade, deter, restrain, force.
dismay, dissatisfaction, sadness, affianced, betrothed. ANTONYMS: reverted: (adj) inverse.
288 Sense and Sensibility

hear a man apologising, as I thought, for a house that to my knowledge has five
sitting rooms on the ground-floor, and I think the housekeeper told me could
make up fifteen beds!-- and to you too, that had been used to live in Barton
cottage!-- It seems quite ridiculous. But, my dear, we must touch up the Colonel
to do some thing to the parsonage, and make it comfortable for them, before
Lucy goes to it."
"But Colonel Brandon does not seem to have any idea of the living's being
enough to allow them to marry."
"The Colonel is a ninny, my dear; because he has two thousand a-year
himself, he thinks that nobody else can marry on less. Take my word for it, that,
if I am alive, I shall be paying a visit at Delaford Parsonage before Michaelmas;
and I am sure I shan't go if Lucy an't there."
Elinor was quite of her opinion, as to the probability of their not waiting for
any thing more.%

Thesaurus
alive: (adj) live, vivacious, living, beneficial; (v) advantageous, quarters, lodging, chambers,
sensible, delicate, snappy, animated, remunerative; (n) payment, accommodation, cortege, suite,
lively, spry, responsive; (n) life. defrayment. temporary housing,
ANTONYMS: (adj) deceased, ridiculous: (adj) foolish, preposterous, accommodations.
inanimate, unanimated, dispirited, funny, laughable, ludicrous, inane, visit: (v) frequent, attend, call, view,
dull, inactive, lethargic, lifeless, nonsensical, comical, farcical, gossip, jaw, inspect, haunt; (n, v)
listless, nonfunctioning, sluggish. amusing, comic. ANTONYMS: (adj) tour, chat; (n) sojourn.
ninny: (n) idiot, nincompoop, sap, reasonable, inspiring, ordinary, waiting: (n) abeyance, suspense,
noodle, poop, booby, moron, gawk, sensitive, acceptable, generous, expectancy, hold, time lag,
dunce, tomfool, ass. normal, possible, impressive, sane, postponement; (adj) ready and
paying: (adj, v) profitable; (adj) paid, worthwhile. waiting, ready, expectant; (adv) to
lucrative, salaried, stipendiary, good, rooms: (n) flat, apartment, chamber, come, in the making.
 Jane Austen 289

CHAPTER 41

Edward, having carried his thanks to Colonel Brandon, proceeded with his
happiness to Lucy; and such was the excess of it by the time he reached Bartlett's
Buildings, that she was able to assure Mrs. Jennings, who called on her again the
next day with her congratulations, that she had never seen him in such spirits
before in her life.%
Her own happiness, and her own spirits, were at least very certain; and she
joined Mrs. Jennings most heartily in her expectation of their being all
comfortably together in Delaford Parsonage before Michaelmas. So far was she,
at the same time, from any backwardness to give Elinor that credit which
Edward would give her, that she spoke of her friendship for them both with the
most grateful warmth, was ready to own all their obligation to her, and openly
declared that no exertion for their good on Miss Dashwood's part, either present
or future, would ever surprise her, for she believed her capable of doing any
thing in the world for those she really valued. As for Colonel Brandon, she was
not only ready to worship him as a saint, but was moreover truly anxious that he
should be treated as one in all worldly concerns; anxious that his tithes should be
raised to the utmost; and scarcely resolved to avail herself, at Delaford, as far as
she possibly could, of his servants, his carriage, his cows, and his poultry.
It was now above a week since John Dashwood had called in Berkeley Street,
and as since that time no notice had been taken by them of his wife's

congratulations: (n) congratulation,
recommendation, praise, pean,
kudos, eulogy, encomium,
commendation, approval; (int) well
done, bravo. ANTONYMS: (n)
condemnation, criticism, rebuke;
(intj) commiserations.
cows: (n) cattle, cow, bull, ox, oxen,
Bos Taurus, bullock, beef, Cowes,
steer, milker.
excess: (n) extravagance, dissipation,
plethora, abundance, exaggeration,
Thesaurus
overindulgence, surfeit, jimhickey, crackerjack, holy person,
overabundance, overplus; (adj) extra, ideal, apotheosis; (adj) sacred.
unnecessary. ANTONYMS: (n) lack, worldly: (adj, adv) earthly; (adj)
restraint, moderation, shortfall, mundane, secular, terrestrial,
dearth, temperance, deficit, temporal, carnal, sophisticated, lay,
insufficiency, justice, scarcity, profane; (adv) mundanely,
abstinence. temporally. ANTONYMS: (adj)
poultry: (n) chicken, fowl, hen, spiritual, naive, cloistered, religious,
domestic fowl, bird, Guinea, cochin, unsophisticated, unworldly,
dove, fowls, capon, chick. unrefined, otherworldly, low,
saint: (v) canonize; (n) holy man, heavenly, immaterial.
evangelist, apostle, jimdandy,
290 Sense and Sensibility

indisposition, beyond one verbal enquiry, Elinor began to feel it necessary to

pay her a visit.--This was an obligation, however, which not only opposed her
own inclination, but which had not the assistance of any encouragement from
her companions. Marianne, not contented with absolutely refusing to go herself,
was very urgent to prevent her sister's going at all; and Mrs. Jennings, though
her carriage was always at Elinor's service, so very much disliked Mrs. John
Dashwood, that not even her curiosity to see how she looked after the late
discovery, nor her strong desire to affront her by taking Edward's part, could
overcome her unwillingness to be in her company again. The consequence was,
that Elinor set out by herself to pay a visit, for which no one could really have
less inclination, and to run the risk of a tete-a-tete with a woman, whom neither
of the others had so much reason to dislike.%
Mrs. Dashwood was denied; but before the carriage could turn from the
house, her husband accidentally came out. He expressed great pleasure in
meeting Elinor, told her that he had been just going to call in Berkeley Street,
and, assuring her that Fanny would be very glad to see her, invited her to come
in.
They walked up stairs in to the drawing-room.--Nobody was there.
"Fanny is in her own room, I suppose," said he:--"I will go to her presently,
for I am sure she will not have the least objection in the world to seeing you.--
Very far from it, indeed. Now especially there cannot be--but however, you and
Marianne were always great favourites.--Why would not Marianne come?"--
Elinor made what excuse she could for her.
"I am not sorry to see you alone," he replied, "for I have a good deal to say to
you. This living of Colonel Brandon's--can it be true?--has he really given it to
Edward?--I heard it yesterday by chance, and was coming to you on purpose to
enquire farther about it."
"It is perfectly true.--Colonel Brandon has given the living of Delaford to
Edward."

assuring: (adj) ensuring, insure,
insuring, assure, ensure, giving
confidence, securing, likely,
promising.
disliked: (adj) hated, detested, averse,
lousy, loath, undesirable,
companionless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
popular, liked.
enquiry: (n) probe, investigation,
inquiry, question, research, query,
quest, exploration, survey, inquiries,
poll.
Thesaurus
neither: (conj) either, no-one, not important, clamorous; (adj)
either, nor, nother. imperative, instant, immediate,
opposed: (adj) conflicting, hostile, quick, earnest, critical, serious, vital.
contrary, antagonistic, adverse, ANTONYMS: (adj) unimportant,
contrasted, repugnant, averse, moderate, unnecessary, halfhearted,
irreconcilable, incompatible; (adj, v) gentle, routine.
opposing. ANTONYMS: (adj) verbal: (adj) oral, literal, unwritten,
sympathetic, compatible, unopposed, vocal, wordy, talkative, lexical,
similar, favorable, eager, agreeable, nominal, oral law, oral testimony,
inclined, friendly. prolix. ANTONYMS: (adj) numerical,
tete-a-tete: (n) gab, conversation, chat. silent.
urgent: (adj, v) importunate,
 Jane Austen 291

"Really!--Well, this is very astonishing!--no relationship!--no connection

between them!--and now that livings fetch such a price!--what was the value of
this?"
"About two hundred a year."
"Very well--and for the next presentation to a living of that value--supposing
the late incumbent to have been old and sickly, and likely to vacate it soon--he
might have got I dare say--fourteen hundred pounds. And how came he not to
have settled that matter before this person's death?--Now indeed it would be too
late to sell it, but a man of Colonel Brandon's sense!--I wonder he should be so
improvident in a point of such common, such natural, concern!--Well, I am
convinced that there is a vast deal of inconsistency in almost every human
character. I suppose, however--on recollection--that the case may probably be
this. Edward is only to hold the living till the person to whom the Colonel has
really sold the presentation, is old enough to take it.--Aye, aye, that is the fact,
depend upon it."
Elinor contradicted it, however, very positively; and by relating that she had
herself been employed in conveying the offer from Colonel Brandon to Edward,
and, therefore, must understand the terms on which it was given, obliged him to
submit to her authority.%
"It is truly astonishing!"--he cried, after hearing what she said--"what could be
the Colonel's motive?"
"A very simple one--to be of use to Mr. Ferrars."
"Well, well; whatever Colonel Brandon may be, Edward is a very lucky man.-
-You will not mention the matter to Fanny, however, for though I have broke it
to her, and she bears it vastly well,--she will not like to hear it much talked of."
Elinor had some difficulty here to refrain from observing, that she thought
Fanny might have borne with composure, an acquisition of wealth to her brother,
by which neither she nor her child could be possibly impoverished.
"Mrs. Ferrars," added he, lowering his voice to the tone becoming so
important a subject, "knows nothing about it at present, and I believe it will be

bears: (n) fissiped, badgers, Carnivora, impecunious, bankrupt, barren,
order Carnivora.
conveying: (n) conveyance, delivery,
conveyancing, conveyance of title,
transference, transmission, convey,
transmit, assigning, transfer,
delegation.
fetch: (v) carry, bring, bring in,
convey, draw, elicit, deliver, catch,
get, attract; (adj, n) feint.
impoverished: (adj) indigent, broke,
needy, poor, penniless, miserable,
Thesaurus
demonstration, offer, exposition,
broken, strapped. ANTONYMS: (adj) appearance, gift, exposure.
rich, enriched, solvent. refrain: (v) desist, cease, fast, avoid,
improvident: (adj) profligate, leave off, withhold, stop, spare; (adj,
extravagant, imprudent, prodigal, v) forbear; (n) chorus, hold.
lavish, heedless, thoughtless, ANTONYMS: (v) participate, act,
wasteful, incautious, profuse, rash. consume, persist.
ANTONYMS: (adj) provident, vacate: (v) abandon, resign, abdicate,
careful, cautious, economical, relinquish, renounce, repeal, give up;
prudent, sensible. (adj, v) evacuate, annul, empty, leave.
presentation: (n) exhibition, donation, ANTONYMS: (v) occupy, overflow,
performance, introduction, display, fill, remain, stay, enter.
292 Sense and Sensibility

best to keep it entirely concealed from her as long as may be.-- When the
marriage takes place, I fear she must hear of it all."
"But why should such precaution be used?--Though it is not to be supposed
that Mrs. Ferrars can have the smallest satisfaction in knowing that her son has
money enough to live upon,--for that must be quite out of the question; yet why,
upon her late behaviour, is she supposed to feel at all?--She has done with her
son, she cast him off for ever, and has made all those over whom she had any
influence, cast him off likewise. Surely, after doing so, she cannot be imagined
liable to any impression of sorrow or of joy on his account-- she cannot be
interested in any thing that befalls him.-- She would not be so weak as to throw
away the comfort of a child, and yet retain the anxiety of a parent!"
"Ah! Elinor," said John, "your reasoning is very good, but it is founded on
ignorance of human nature. When Edward's unhappy match takes place, depend
upon it his mother will feel as much as if she had never discarded him; and,
therefore every circumstance that may accelerate that dreadful event, must be
concealed from her as much as possible. Mrs. Ferrars can never forget that
Edward is her son."
"You surprise me; I should think it must nearly have escaped her memory by
this time."
"You wrong her exceedingly. Mrs. Ferrars is one of the most affectionate
mothers in the world."
Elinor was silent.%
"We think now,"--said Mr. Dashwood, after a short pause, "of Robert's
marrying Miss Morton."
Elinor, smiling at the grave and decisive importance of her brother's tone,
calmly replied,
"The lady, I suppose, has no choice in the affair."
"Choice!--how do you mean?"

Thesaurus
accelerate: (v) advance, hurry, speed, indefinite, unconvincing, intelligence, acquaintance, education.
rush, speed up, dispatch, forward, inconsequential, inconclusive, imagined: (adj) fanciful, notional,
expedite, further; (adj, v) vivify; (n, v) hesitant, insignificant. unreal, fancied, fictitious,
put on. ANTONYMS: (v) decelerate, discarded: (adj) waste, junked, scrap, nonexistent, unseen, hypothetical,
impede, delay, retard, postpone, unwanted, unnecessary, useless, feigned, dubious, doubtful.
defer, brake, hinder, improve. throwaway, surplus, superfluous, reasoning: (n) argumentation,
decisive: (adj) conclusive, crucial, unused, obsolete. deduction, ratiocination, illation,
critical, decided, important, final, ignorance: (n) illiteracy, nescience, logic, argument, abstract thought,
authoritative; (adj, v) positive, folly, unwisdom, innocence, sense, judgment, thought; (adj)
definite, categorical, unqualified. denseness, ignorancy, stupidity, rational.
ANTONYMS: (adj) uncertain, weak, obtuseness, tabula rasa,
unsure, roundabout, questionable, unawareness. ANTONYMS: (n)
 Jane Austen 293

"I only mean that I suppose, from your manner of speaking, it must be the
same to Miss Morton whether she marry Edward or Robert."
"Certainly, there can be no difference; for Robert will now to all intents and
purposes be considered as the eldest son;--and as to any thing else, they are both
very agreeable young men: I do not know that one is superior to the other."
Elinor said no more, and John was also for a short time silent.--His reflections
ended thus.%
"Of one thing, my dear sister," kindly taking her hand, and speaking in an
awful whisper,--"I may assure you;-- and I will do it, because I know it must
gratify you. I have good reason to think--indeed I have it from the best authority,
or I should not repeat it, for otherwise it would be very wrong to say any thing
about it--but I have it from the very best authority--not that I ever precisely heard
Mrs. Ferrars say it herself--but her daughter did, and I have it from her--That in
short, whatever objections there might be against a certain--a certain connection--
you understand me--it would have been far preferable to her, it would not have
given her half the vexation that this does. I was exceedingly pleased to hear that
Mrs. Ferrars considered it in that light-- a very gratifying circumstance you know
to us all. 'It would have been beyond comparison,' she said, 'the least evil of the
two, and she would be glad to compound now for nothing worse.' But however,
all that is quite out of the question--not to be thought of or mentioned-- as to any
attachment you know--it never could be--all that is gone by. But I thought I
would just tell you of this, because I knew how much it must please you. Not
that you have any reason to regret, my dear Elinor. There is no doubt of your
doing exceedingly well--quite as well, or better, perhaps, all things considered.
Has Colonel Brandon been with you lately?"
Elinor had heard enough, if not to gratify her vanity, and raise her self-
importance, to agitate her nerves and fill her mind;--and she was therefore glad
to be spared from the necessity of saying much in reply herself, and from the
danger of hearing any thing more from her brother, by the entrance of Mr.
Robert Ferrars. After a few moments' chat, John Dashwood, recollecting that
Fanny was yet uninformed of her sister's being there, quitted the room in quest

agitate: (v) toss, stir, fan, bother,
perturb, trouble, shake, rouse,
foment, kindle, actuate.
ANTONYMS: (v) soothe, defuse,
quiet, placate, pacify, lull, steady,
tranquilize, becalm.
chat: (n, v) converse, talk, chatter,
chitchat, confab, prattle; (n)
conversation, causerie, gab; (v)
confabulate, chaffer.
compound: (n, v) blend, mix,
compromise; (adj, n) complex,
Thesaurus
composite; (v) combine, amalgamate; (n, v) probe, hunt, inquiry,
(n) mixture, amalgam, combination, examination; (v) call for.
concoction. ANTONYMS: (v) divide, self-importance: (n) arrogance, pride,
separate, simplify, unmix; (n) conceit, pretension, assumption,
element; (adj) few. egoism, gall.
gratify: (v) delight, please, appease, uninformed: (adj) ignorant,
accommodate, satisfy, amuse, suit, uneducated, untaught, uninstructed,
indulge, cater; (n, v) humor; (adj) unlettered, unlearned, unwitting,
contented. ANTONYMS: (v) unaccustomed, unaware, unversed,
dissatisfy, displease, disappoint. untutored. ANTONYMS: (adj)
quest: (n) pursuit, investigation, knowledgeable, informed, literate,
exploration, chase, research, inquest; logical, conscious.
294 Sense and Sensibility

of her; and Elinor was left to improve her acquaintance with Robert, who, by the
gay unconcern, the happy self-complacency of his manner while enjoying so
unfair a division of his mother's love and liberality, to the prejudice of his
banished brother, earned only by his own dissipated course of life, and that
brother's integrity, was confirming her most unfavourable opinion of his head
and heart.%
They had scarcely been two minutes by themselves, before he began to speak
of Edward; for he, too, had heard of the living, and was very inquisitive on the
subject. Elinor repeated the particulars of it, as she had given them to John; and
their effect on Robert, though very different, was not less striking than it had
been on him. He laughed most immoderately. The idea of Edward's being a
clergyman, and living in a small parsonage-house, diverted him beyond
measure;--and when to that was added the fanciful imagery of Edward reading
prayers in a white surplice, and publishing the banns of marriage between John
Smith and Mary Brown, he could conceive nothing more ridiculous.
Elinor, while she waited in silence and immovable gravity, the conclusion of
such folly, could not restrain her eyes from being fixed on him with a look that
spoke all the contempt it excited. It was a look, however, very well bestowed, for
it relieved her own feelings, and gave no intelligence to him. He was recalled
from wit to wisdom, not by any reproof of her's, but by his own sensibility.
"We may treat it as a joke," said he, at last, recovering from the affected laugh
which had considerably lengthened out the genuine gaiety of the moment--"but,
upon my soul, it is a most serious business. Poor Edward! he is ruined for ever.
I am extremely sorry for it-- for I know him to be a very good-hearted creature;
as well-meaning a fellow perhaps, as any in the world. You must not judge of
him, Miss Dashwood, from your slight acquaintance.--Poor Edward!--His
manners are certainly not the happiest in nature.--But we are not all born, you
know, with the same powers,--the same address.-- Poor fellow!--to see him in a
circle of strangers!-- to be sure it was pitiable enough!--but upon my soul, I
believe he has as good a heart as any in the kingdom; and I declare and protest to
you I never was so shocked in my life, as when it all burst forth. I could not

Thesaurus
banns: (n) announcement. ANTONYMS: (adj) prosaic, real, imperturbable, inflexible; (v) fast.
clergyman: (n) minister, chaplain, realistic, plausible, normal. ANTONYMS: (adj) loose, moving,
priest, pastor, churchman, preacher, immoderately: (adv) exorbitantly, mobile, flexible, movable,
parson, rector, dominie, vicar; (adj) inordinately, extravagantly, acquiescent, temporary, irresolute.
divine. ANTONYMS: (n) layman, intemperately, extremely, inquisitive: (adj) inquiring,
layperson. unrestrainedly, unduely, unduly, speculative, nosy, prying,
enjoying: (n) relish, enjoyment; (adj) exaggeratedly, immensely; (adj, adv) questioning, nosey, meddling,
comfortable, fruitive. monstrously. ANTONYMS: (adv) investigative, meddlesome, quizzical,
fanciful: (adj) mythical, fantastic, frugally, reasonably. overcurious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
capricious, unreal, arbitrary, immovable: (adj, v) firm, fixed; (adj) apathetic, uninterested.
romantic, ideal, chimerical, notional, adamant, steadfast, motionless, surplice: (n) robe, Geneva gown frock,
visionary; (adj, v) fancy. unyielding, unmovable, set, gown, pallium.
 Jane Austen 295

believe it.-- My mother was the first person who told me of it; and I, feeling
myself called on to act with resolution, immediately said to her, 'My dear
madam, I do not know what you may intend to do on the occasion, but as for
myself, I must say, that if Edward does marry this young woman, I never will see
him again.' That was what I said immediately.-- I was most uncommonly
shocked, indeed!--Poor Edward!--he has done for himself completely--shut
himself out for ever from all decent society!--but, as I directly said to my mother,
I am not in the least surprised at it; from his style of education, it was always to
be expected. My poor mother was half frantic."%
"Have you ever seen the lady?"
"Yes; once, while she was staying in this house, I happened to drop in for ten
minutes; and I saw quite enough of her. The merest awkward country girl,
without style, or elegance, and almost without beauty.-- I remember her
perfectly. Just the kind of girl I should suppose likely to captivate poor Edward.
I offered immediately, as soon as my mother related the affair to me, to talk to
him myself, and dissuade him from the match; but it was too late then, I found, to
do any thing, for unluckily, I was not in the way at first, and knew nothing of it
till after the breach had taken place, when it was not for me, you know, to
interfere. But had I been informed of it a few hours earlier--I think it is most
probable--that something might have been hit on. I certainly should have
represented it to Edward in a very strong light. 'My dear fellow,' I should have
said, 'consider what you are doing. You are making a most disgraceful
connection, and such a one as your family are unanimous in disapproving.' I
cannot help thinking, in short, that means might have been found. But now it is
all too late. He must be starved, you know;-- that is certain; absolutely starved."
He had just settled this point with great composure, when the entrance of
Mrs. John Dashwood put an end to the subject. But though she never spoke of it
out of her own family, Elinor could see its influence on her mind, in the
something like confusion of countenance with which she entered, and an attempt
at cordiality in her behaviour to herself. She even proceeded so far as to be
concerned to find that Elinor and her sister were so soon to leave town, as she

Thesaurus
awkward: (adj) inconvenient, clumsy, disillusion, offend, bore, annoy. ANTONYM: (v) improvise.
embarrassing, uncomfortable, decent: (adj) adequate, appropriate, interfere: (n, v) interpose; (v)
ungainly, untoward, crude, inept, becoming, decorous, sufficient, intercede, obstruct, disturb, conflict,
sticky, left-handed, heavy. honest, acceptable, modest, seemly, impede, hinder, meddle, intervene;
ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful, easy, comely; (adj, adv) right. ANTONYMS: (n) interference; (adj, v) intermeddle.
adroit, manageable, straightforward, (adj) immoral, inappropriate, starved: (adj) famished, starving,
simple, dexterous, rotund, disreputable, indecent, unsuitable, ravenous, meager, emaciated,
convenient, helpful, skillful. inadequate, filthy, undressed, malnourished, thin, esurient,
captivate: (adj, v) attract, charm, unkind, smutty, selfish. hungerly, lean, starveling.
fascinate; (v) bewitch, enchant, take, intend: (v) destine, design, mean, aim, ANTONYM: (adj) healthy.
lure, hypnotize; (n, v) allure, tempt, determine, denote, contemplate,
entice. ANTONYMS: (v) repulse, plan, purpose, consider, believe.
296 Sense and Sensibility

had hoped to see more of them;--an exertion in which her husband, who
attended her into the room, and hung enamoured over her accents, seemed to
distinguish every thing that was most affectionate and graceful.%

Thesaurus
affectionate: (adj) fond, tender, kind, demean. ANTONYMS: (n) wife, bachelor.
mild, devoted, ardent, warm, cordial, enamoured: (adj) enamored, smitten, room: (n) chamber, occasion, house,
caring, brotherly; (adj, adv) fatherly. infatuated, mad, captivated, apartment, opportunity, hall,
ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring, callous, bewitched, charmed. opening, compartment, expanse,
undemonstrative, aloof, cool, exertion: (n) application, exercise, extent; (v) board. ANTONYM: (n)
disapproving, reserved, antagonistic, endeavor, attempt, struggle, trouble, walkway.
paternal, rough. diligence, strain, labor, pull, essay. thing: (n) affair, occurrence, object,
distinguish: (v) discriminate, perceive, ANTONYMS: (n) idleness, inactivity, event, concern, something, article,
know, describe, make out, discover, inertia, relaxation, laziness, ease. happening, substance, occasion,
descry, behold, identify, recognize, husband: (v) conserve, economize, being.
separate. ANTONYMS: (v) mistake, preserve, save; (n) consort, hubby,
confound, ignore, Miss, unite, man, fellow, lover, master, mate.
 Jane Austen 297

CHAPTER 42

One other short call in Harley Street, in which Elinor received her brother's
congratulations on their travelling so far towards Barton without any expense,
and on Colonel Brandon's being to follow them to Cleveland in a day or two,
completed the intercourse of the brother and sisters in town;--and a faint
invitation from Fanny, to come to Norland whenever it should happen to be in
their way, which of all things was the most unlikely to occur, with a more warm,
though less public, assurance, from John to Elinor, of the promptitude with
which he should come to see her at Delaford, was all that foretold any meeting in
the country.%
It amused her to observe that all her friends seemed determined to send her
to Delaford;--a place, in which, of all others, she would now least chuse to visit,
or wish to reside; for not only was it considered as her future home by her
brother and Mrs. Jennings, but even Lucy, when they parted, gave her a pressing
invitation to visit her there.
Very early in April, and tolerably early in the day, the two parties from
Hanover Square and Berkeley Street set out from their respective homes, to
meet, by appointment, on the road. For the convenience of Charlotte and her
child, they were to be more than two days on their journey, and Mr. Palmer,
travelling more expeditiously with Colonel Brandon, was to join them at
Cleveland soon after their arrival.

Thesaurus
amused: (adj) amusing, smiling, dealings, converse, commerce, critical, insistent; (n) dishing, press.
tickled pink, pleased, diverted. liaison, congress; (adj, n) ANTONYM: (adj) mild.
convenience: (n) contrivance, acquaintance. promptitude: (n) expedition, speed,
accommodation, opportunity, utility, observe: (n, v) comment, notice, note; readiness, promptness, velocity,
occasion, fitness, comfort, leisure, (v) commemorate, mind, guard, haste, agility, rapidity, celerity,
appliance, availability; (adj) mention, mark, see, discover; (int, v) hurry, dispatch.
convenient. ANTONYMS: (n) look. ANTONYMS: (v) feel, respective: (adj) individual, proper,
uselessness, distance, hardship, disregard, break, overlook, disobey, relative, several, appropriate,
unsuitability, clumsiness, disrespect, Miss, violate. peculiar, singular, corresponding,
remoteness. pressing: (adj, v) exigent, importunate, private, personal, regardful.
intercourse: (n) contact, coition, important; (adj) imperative,
conversation, communication, coitus, immediate, imperious, instant,
298 Sense and Sensibility

Marianne, few as had been her hours of comfort in London, and eager as she
had long been to quit it, could not, when it came to the point, bid adieu to the
house in which she had for the last time enjoyed those hopes, and that
confidence, in Willoughby, which were now extinguished for ever, without great
pain. Nor could she leave the place in which Willoughby remained, busy in new
engagements, and new schemes, in which she could have no share, without
shedding many tears.%
Elinor's satisfaction, at the moment of removal, was more positive. She had
no such object for her lingering thoughts to fix on, she left no creature behind,
from whom it would give her a moment's regret to be divided for ever, she was
pleased to be free herself from the persecution of Lucy's friendship, she was
grateful for bringing her sister away unseen by Willoughby since his marriage,
and she looked forward with hope to what a few months of tranquility at Barton
might do towards restoring Marianne's peace of mind, and confirming her own.
Their journey was safely performed. The second day brought them into the
cherished, or the prohibited, county of Somerset, for as such was it dwelt on by
turns in Marianne's imagination; and in the forenoon of the third they drove up
to Cleveland.
Cleveland was a spacious, modern-built house, situated on a sloping lawn. It
had no park, but the pleasure-grounds were tolerably extensive; and like every
other place of the same degree of importance, it had its open shrubbery, and
closer wood walk, a road of smooth gravel winding round a plantation, led to the
front, the lawn was dotted over with timber, the house itself was under the
guardianship of the fir, the mountain-ash, and the acacia, and a thick screen of
them altogether, interspersed with tall Lombardy poplars, shut out the offices.
Marianne entered the house with a heart swelling with emotion from the
consciousness of being only eighty miles from Barton, and not thirty from
Combe Magna; and before she had been five minutes within its walls, while the
others were busily helping Charlotte to show her child to the housekeeper, she
quitted it again, stealing away through the winding shrubberies, now just
beginning to be in beauty, to gain a distant eminence; where, from its Grecian

acacia: (n) shittah, catechu, cassie.
eminence: (n) distinction, elevation,
altitude, celebrity, superiority, rank,
excellence, fame, glory, prominence,
status. ANTONYMS: (n)
insignificance, cavity, depression,
unimportance, dip, commonness,
inferiority.
extinguished: (adj) extinct, out, dead,
quenched, allayed, destroyed; (n)
defunctness, complete annihilation,
experimental extinction,
Thesaurus
extermination, extinction.
forenoon: (n) morning, morn, am,
period, daybreak, break of the day,
morning time, first light, dayspring,
a, cockcrow.
poplars: (n) genus Populus.
shedding: (n) molting, abscission,
fluffing, effusion, moulting,
biological process, desquamation,
sloughing, emission; (adj, n) peeling;
(adj) flaking.
shrubbery: (n) brush, plantation, flora, uproar, upheaval.
parterre, shrub, scrub, brushwood,
hedge, thicket, bushes, area.
sloping: (adj, v) oblique, slope; (adj)
slanting, inclined, slanted, diagonal,
leaning, sloped; (adj, adv) aslope,
aslant; (v) slant. ANTONYMS: (adj)
horizontal, upright.
tranquility: (n) peace, serenity, repose,
calm, ease, rest, easiness, quietude,
quietness, harmony; (adj, n) placidity.
ANTONYMS: (n) chaos, violence,
 Jane Austen 299

temple, her eye, wandering over a wide tract of country to the south-east, could
fondly rest on the farthest ridge of hills in the horizon, and fancy that from their
summits Combe Magna might be seen.%
In such moments of precious, invaluable misery, she rejoiced in tears of
agony to be at Cleveland; and as she returned by a different circuit to the house,
feeling all the happy privilege of country liberty, of wandering from place to
place in free and luxurious solitude, she resolved to spend almost every hour of
every day while she remained with the Palmers, in the indulgence of such
solitary rambles.
She returned just in time to join the others as they quitted the house, on an
excursion through its more immediate premises; and the rest of the morning was
easily whiled away, in lounging round the kitchen garden, examining the bloom
upon its walls, and listening to the gardener's lamentations upon blights, in
dawdling through the green-house, where the loss of her favourite plants,
unwarily exposed, and nipped by the lingering frost, raised the laughter of
Charlotte,--and in visiting her poultry-yard, where, in the disappointed hopes of
her dairy-maid, by hens forsaking their nests, or being stolen by a fox, or in the
rapid decrease of a promising young brood, she found fresh sources of
merriment.
The morning was fine and dry, and Marianne, in her plan of employment
abroad, had not calculated for any change of weather during their stay at
Cleveland. With great surprise therefore, did she find herself prevented by a
settled rain from going out again after dinner. She had depended on a twilight
walk to the Grecian temple, and perhaps all over the grounds, and an evening
merely cold or damp would not have deterred her from it; but a heavy and
settled rain even she could not fancy dry or pleasant weather for walking.
Their party was small, and the hours passed quietly away. Mrs. Palmer had
her child, and Mrs. Jennings her carpet-work; they talked of the friends they had
left behind, arranged Lady Middleton's engagements, and wondered whether
Mr. Palmer and Colonel Brandon would get farther than Reading that night.
Elinor, however little concerned in it, joined in their discourse; and Marianne,

brood: (n, v) breed; (v) sulk, think,
incubate; (n) offspring, issue,
progeny, young, posterity, family;
(adj, n) herd. ANTONYMS: (v)
reassure, delight, console.
dawdling: (adj) slow, dilatory, tardy,
deliberate, measured, laggard; (n)
dalliance, coquetry, trifling,
dithering, wavering. ANTONYMS:
(n) decisiveness; (adj) rushed, fast.
forsaking: (n) abandonment,
desertion, apostasy, exposure,
Thesaurus
defection, bolt, renunciation, misery, gloom, seriousness,
surrender, leaving, acquiescence, despondency, boredom.
neglect. tract: (n) region, area, expanse, essay,
lingering: (adj) long, chronic, pamphlet, section, extent, district,
extended, dilatory, protracted, dissertation, plot, lot.
prolonged, residual, lengthy, unwarily: (adv) thoughtlessly,
inactive, dull; (n) delay. ANTONYM: carelessly, rashly, heedlessly,
(adj) quick. imprudently, incautiously, recklessly,
merriment: (n) fun, amusement, unwatchfully, negligently,
cheerfulness, hilarity, glee, jollity, inconsiderately, indiscreetly.
frolic, gaiety, happiness, festivity; ANTONYM: (adv) warily.
(adj, n) mirth. ANTONYMS: (n)
300 Sense and Sensibility

who had the knack of finding her way in every house to the library, however it
might be avoided by the family in general, soon procured herself a book.%
Nothing was wanting on Mrs. Palmer's side that constant and friendly good
humour could do, to make them feel themselves welcome. The openness and
heartiness of her manner more than atoned for that want of recollection and
elegance which made her often deficient in the forms of politeness; her kindness,
recommended by so pretty a face, was engaging; her folly, though evident was
not disgusting, because it was not conceited; and Elinor could have forgiven
every thing but her laugh.
The two gentlemen arrived the next day to a very late dinner, affording a
pleasant enlargement of the party, and a very welcome variety to their
conversation, which a long morning of the same continued rain had reduced
very low.
Elinor had seen so little of Mr. Palmer, and in that little had seen so much
variety in his address to her sister and herself, that she knew not what to expect
to find him in his own family. She found him, however, perfectly the gentleman
in his behaviour to all his visitors, and only occasionally rude to his wife and her
mother; she found him very capable of being a pleasant companion, and only
prevented from being so always, by too great an aptitude to fancy himself as
much superior to people in general, as he must feel himself to be to Mrs. Jennings
and Charlotte. For the rest of his character and habits, they were marked, as far
as Elinor could perceive, with no traits at all unusual in his sex and time of life.
He was nice in his eating, uncertain in his hours; fond of his child, though
affecting to slight it; and idled away the mornings at billiards, which ought to
have been devoted to business. She liked him, however, upon the whole, much
better than she had expected, and in her heart was not sorry that she could like
him no more;-- not sorry to be driven by the observation of his Epicurism, his
selfishness, and his conceit, to rest with complacency on the remembrance of
Edward's generous temper, simple taste, and diffident feelings.
Of Edward, or at least of some of his concerns, she now received intelligence
from Colonel Brandon, who had been into Dorsetshire lately; and who, treating

aptitude: (n) capability, skill, capacity, pompous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
fitness, facility, dexterity, potential,
talent, flair, gift, proficiency.
ANTONYMS: (n) inability,
inaptitude, stupidity, disinclination,
incapacity, skillessness,
incompetence.
billiards: (n) billa, pingpong,
pyramids, pool, bagatelle.
conceited: (adj) arrogant, cocky, vain,
boastful, proud, smug, affected,
assuming, egotistical, haughty,
Thesaurus
modest, insecure, meek, selfless,
unassuming.
enlargement: (n) magnification,
amplification, expansion, increase,
dilation, addition, development,
distension, distention, growth,
extension. ANTONYMS: (n)
contraction, decrease, lessening,
shrinkage, deterioration, drop,
erosion.
heartiness: (n) eagerness, fervor,
geniality, zeal, sincerity,
wholeheartedness, inwardness,
ardor, avidity, craving; (adj, n)
hospitality.
knack: (adj, n) facility, craft,
proficiency; (n) gift, ability, art,
aptitude, dexterity, artifice, mastery,
know-how. ANTONYM: (n)
incompetence.
traits: (v) lineaments, area, expanse,
exposition, extent, length, tract, trace;
(n) character, nature, personality.
 Jane Austen 301

her at once as the disinterested friend of Mr. Ferrars, and the kind of confidant
of himself, talked to her a great deal of the parsonage at Delaford, described its
deficiencies, and told her what he meant to do himself towards removing them.--
His behaviour to her in this, as well as in every other particular, his open
pleasure in meeting her after an absence of only ten days, his readiness to
converse with her, and his deference for her opinion, might very well justify Mrs.
Jennings's persuasion of his attachment, and would have been enough, perhaps,
had not Elinor still, as from the first, believed Marianne his real favourite, to
make her suspect it herself. But as it was, such a notion had scarcely ever
entered her head, except by Mrs. Jennings's suggestion; and she could not help
believing herself the nicest observer of the two;--she watched his eyes, while Mrs.
Jennings thought only of his behaviour;--and while his looks of anxious
solicitude on Marianne's feeling, in her head and throat, the beginning of a heavy
cold, because unexpressed by words, entirely escaped the latter lady's
observation;--she could discover in them the quick feelings, and needless alarm of
a lover.%
Two delightful twilight walks on the third and fourth evenings of her being
there, not merely on the dry gravel of the shrubbery, but all over the grounds,
and especially in the most distant parts of them, where there was something
more of wildness than in the rest, where the trees were the oldest, and the grass
was the longest and wettest, had--assisted by the still greater imprudence of
sitting in her wet shoes and stockings--given Marianne a cold so violent as,
though for a day or two trifled with or denied, would force itself by increasing
ailments on the concern of every body, and the notice of herself. Prescriptions
poured in from all quarters, and as usual, were all declined. Though heavy and
feverish, with a pain in her limbs, and a cough, and a sore throat, a good night's
rest was to cure her entirely; and it was with difficulty that Elinor prevailed on
her, when she went to bed, to try one or two of the simplest of the remedies.

confidant: (n) confidante, buddy,
friend, repository, confident, pal,
fidus Achates, crony, bosom friend,
fiduciary, privado.
disinterested: (adj) indifferent,
detached, fair, unbiased, objective,
neutral, dispassionate, equitable,
evenhanded, uninterested,
impassive. ANTONYMS: (adj) biased,
interested, prejudiced, eager,
passionate, riveted, concerned,
partial, personal.
Thesaurus
feverish: (adj) febrile, feverous, fiery,
frenzied, fevered, excited, sick,
fanatical; (adj, v) hot, flushed; (adj, n)
hysterical. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
afebrile, collected, composed,
mellow.
oldest: (n) elder, doyen; (adj) older.
simplest: (adj) rudimentary.
twilight: (n) nightfall, night, sunset,
gloaming, evening, sundown,
eventide, fall, decline, evenfall; (adj)
aurora. ANTONYMS: (n) daybreak,
sunrise.
unexpressed: (adj) implicit, tacit, mute,
implied, unvoiced; (v) undisclosed,
unexposed, unbreathed, unsung,
untalked of; (adj, v) untold.
wildness: (n) fierceness, ferocity,
savageness, abandon, rage,
extravagance, ferociousness,
intensity, vehemence; (v) wilderness;
(n, v) waste. ANTONYMS: (n)
tameness, order, meekness,
gentleness, caution, orderliness.
 Jane Austen 303

CHAPTER 43

Marianne got up the next morning at her usual time; to every inquiry replied
that she was better, and tried to prove herself so, by engaging in her accustomary
employments. But a day spent in sitting shivering over the fire with a book in
her hand, which she was unable to read, or in lying, weary and languid, on a
sofa, did not speak much in favour of her amendment; and when, at last, she
went early to bed, more and more indisposed, Colonel Brandon was only
astonished at her sister's composure, who, though attending and nursing her the
whole day, against Marianne's inclination, and forcing proper medicines on her
at night, trusted, like Marianne, to the certainty and efficacy of sleep, and felt no
real alarm.%
A very restless and feverish night, however, disappointed the expectation of
both; and when Marianne, after persisting in rising, confessed herself unable to
sit up, and returned voluntarily to her bed, Elinor was very ready to adopt Mrs.
Jennings's advice, of sending for the Palmers' apothecary.
He came, examined his patient, and though encouraging Miss Dashwood to
expect that a very few days would restore her sister to health, yet, by
pronouncing her disorder to have a putrid tendency, and allowing the word
"infection" to pass his lips, gave instant alarm to Mrs. Palmer, on her baby's
account. Mrs. Jennings, who had been inclined from the first to think Marianne's
complaint more serious than Elinor, now looked very grave on Mr. Harris's

apothecary: (n) druggist, pharmacy,
chemist, caregiver, dispensing
chemist, medical attendant,
pothecary, potecary, pill pusher,
pharmacopolist, pharmacologist.
efficacy: (n) effect, potency,
effectiveness, capability, force,
efficiency, efficaciousness, utility,
vigor, strength, usefulness.
ANTONYMS: (n) inefficiency,
ineffectiveness, uselessness.
languid: (adj) lazy, dull, indolent,
Thesaurus
feeble, lethargic, lackadaisical, shivering: (adj) quivering, shaking,
sluggish, faint, torpid, inert, trembling, shaky, quaking,
apathetic. ANTONYMS: (adj) active, tremulous, shuddering, chilled; (n)
lively, exciting, vigorous. chill, cold, shiver. ANTONYM: (adj)
persisting: (adj) abiding, lasting, composed.
constant, continual, enduring, living, weary: (adj, n, v) fatigue; (v) exhaust,
inveterate, dogging, diligent, tire out; (adj) tired, exhausted,
continuous; (v) persist. fatigued, aweary, beat, languid; (n, v)
putrid: (adj) fetid, rotten, malodorous, jade, bore. ANTONYMS: (adj)
corrupt, decayed, smelly, noisome, energetic, fresh, lively, untiring,
putrefied, bad, foetid, stinking. hopeful, refreshed; (v) refresh,
ANTONYM: (adj) fragrant. enliven, energize, activate, rally.
304 Sense and Sensibility

report, and confirming Charlotte's fears and caution, urged the necessity of her
immediate removal with her infant; and Mr. Palmer, though treating their
apprehensions as idle, found the anxiety and importunity of his wife too great to
be withstood. Her departure, therefore, was fixed on; and within an hour after
Mr. Harris's arrival, she set off, with her little boy and his nurse, for the house of
a near relation of Mr. Palmer's, who lived a few miles on the other side of Bath;
whither her husband promised, at her earnest entreaty, to join her in a day or
two; and whither she was almost equally urgent with her mother to accompany
her. Mrs. Jennings, however, with a kindness of heart which made Elinor really
love her, declared her resolution of not stirring from Cleveland as long as
Marianne remained ill, and of endeavouring, by her own attentive care, to
supply to her the place of the mother she had taken her from; and Elinor found
her on every occasion a most willing and active helpmate, desirous to share in all
her fatigues, and often by her better experience in nursing, of material use.%
Poor Marianne, languid and low from the nature of her malady, and feeling
herself universally ill, could no longer hope that tomorrow would find her
recovered; and the idea of what tomorrow would have produced, but for this
unlucky illness, made every ailment severe; for on that day they were to have
begun their journey home; and, attended the whole way by a servant of Mrs.
Jennings, were to have taken their mother by surprise on the following forenoon.
The little she said was all in lamentation of this inevitable delay; though Elinor
tried to raise her spirits, and make her believe, as she then really believed herself,
that it would be a very short one.
The next day produced little or no alteration in the state of the patient; she
certainly was not better, and, except that there was no amendment, did not
appear worse. Their party was now farther reduced; for Mr. Palmer, though very
unwilling to go as well from real humanity and good-nature, as from a dislike of
appearing to be frightened away by his wife, was persuaded at last by Colonel
Brandon to perform his promise of following her; and while he was preparing to
go, Colonel Brandon himself, with a much greater exertion, began to talk of
going likewise.--Here, however, the kindness of Mrs. Jennings interposed most

appearing: (adj) seeming, beseen,
emergent, accomplished; (n) coming
into court; (prep) liking; (adj, adv)
prima facie.
confirming: (adj) affirmative,
confirmatory, corroborative,
collateral, verifying, confirmative,
corroboratory, positive,
substantiating, substantiative,
validating.
helpmate: (n) helpmeet, mate, wife,
partner, better half, help, husband,
Thesaurus
spouse, helper; (v) old woman, old earnestness; (v) solicitation,
lady. obsecration, interpellation, instance,
idle: (adj) lazy, indolent, inactive, free, obtestation, invocation.
unfounded, fruitless, baseless, lamentation: (n) dirge, grief,
groundless, frivolous, empty, mourning, plaint, regret, complaint,
disengaged. ANTONYMS: (adj) cry, crying, wail, moan, condolence.
active, employed, industrious, ANTONYM: (n) celebration.
energetic, meaningful, productive, malady: (n, v) illness, ailment,
worthwhile, diligent; (v) change, run, indisposition, distemper; (adj, n, v)
work. disorder; (adj, n) complaint, infirmity;
importunity: (n, v) entreaty, (n) sickness, condition, trouble, ill.
supplication; (n) urgency, appeal, withstood: (v) resist.
 Jane Austen 305

acceptably; for to send the Colonel away while his love was in so much
uneasiness on her sister's account, would be to deprive them both, she thought,
of every comfort; and therefore telling him at once that his stay at Cleveland was
necessary to herself, that she should want him to play at piquet of an evening,
while Miss Dashwood was above with her sister, &c. she urged him so strongly
to remain, that he, who was gratifying the first wish of his own heart by a
compliance, could not long even affect to demur; especially as Mrs. Jennings's
entreaty was warmly seconded by Mr. Palmer, who seemed to feel a relief to
himself, in leaving behind him a person so well able to assist or advise Miss
Dashwood in any emergence.%
Marianne was, of course, kept in ignorance of all these arrangements. She
knew not that she had been the means of sending the owners of Cleveland away,
in about seven days from the time of their arrival. It gave her no surprise that she
saw nothing of Mrs. Palmer; and as it gave her likewise no concern, she never
mentioned her name.
Two days passed away from the time of Mr. Palmer's departure, and her
situation continued, with little variation, the same. Mr. Harris, who attended her
every day, still talked boldly of a speedy recovery, and Miss Dashwood was
equally sanguine; but the expectation of the others was by no means so cheerful.
Mrs. Jennings had determined very early in the seizure that Marianne would
never get over it, and Colonel Brandon, who was chiefly of use in listening to
Mrs. Jennings's forebodings, was not in a state of mind to resist their influence.
He tried to reason himself out of fears, which the different judgment of the
apothecary seemed to render absurd; but the many hours of each day in which
he was left entirely alone, were but too favourable for the admission of every
melancholy idea, and he could not expel from his mind the persuasion that he
should see Marianne no more.
On the morning of the third day however, the gloomy anticipations of both
were almost done away; for when Mr. Harris arrived, he declared his patient
materially better. Her pulse was much stronger, and every symptom more
favourable than on the preceding visit. Elinor, confirmed in every pleasant hope,

acceptably: (adv) adequately,
endurably, as it should be, amply,
right, reasonably, suitably,
sufficiently, properly, okay, in the
approved manner. ANTONYMS:
(adv) unreasonably, unacceptably,
offensively, badly, insufficiently,
unsatisfactorily, unsuitably,
incorrectly, intolerably.
boldly: (adj, adv) courageously,
valiantly, heroically; (adv) fearlessly,
daringly, bravely, intrepidly,
Thesaurus
impudently, audaciously, eliminate, discharge, deport, excrete,
shamelessly, brashly. ANTONYMS: dispossess, dislodge; (adj, v) dismiss.
(adv) discreetly, modestly, nervously, ANTONYMS: (v) welcome, retain,
hesitantly, shyly, fearfully, meekly, invite, appoint, admit, allow, block.
submissively, secretly, respectfully, piquet: (v) garrison; (n) rank, picquet,
diffidently. cards, card game.
demur: (adj, v) hesitate, boggle, stickle; seizure: (n) arrest, confiscation,
(n, v) protest, scruple; (v) dissent, capture, seizing, apprehension,
refuse, deprecate, doubt, object; (n) appropriation, attachment,
challenge. ANTONYMS: (v) accept, convulsion, detention; (adj, n) attack,
concur, acquiesce, approve. assumption. ANTONYMS: (n)
expel: (v) evict, banish, exclude, exile, release, restoration, surrender.
306 Sense and Sensibility

was all cheerfulness; rejoicing that in her letters to her mother, she had pursued
her own judgment rather than her friend's, in making very light of the
indisposition which delayed them at Cleveland; and almost fixing on the time
when Marianne would be able to travel.%
But the day did not close so auspiciously as it began.-- Towards the evening
Marianne became ill again, growing more heavy, restless, and uncomfortable
than before. Her sister, however, still sanguine, was willing to attribute the
change to nothing more than the fatigue of having sat up to have her bed made;
and carefully administering the cordials prescribed, saw her, with satisfaction,
sink at last into a slumber, from which she expected the most beneficial effects.
Her sleep, though not so quiet as Elinor wished to see it, lasted a considerable
time; and anxious to observe the result of it herself, she resolved to sit with her
during the whole of it. Mrs. Jennings, knowing nothing of any change in the
patient, went unusually early to bed; her maid, who was one of the principal
nurses, was recreating herself in the housekeeper's room, and Elinor remained
alone with Marianne.
The repose of the latter became more and more disturbed; and her sister, who
watched, with unremitting attention her continual change of posture, and heard
the frequent but inarticulate sounds of complaint which passed her lips, was
almost wishing to rouse her from so painful a slumber, when Marianne,
suddenly awakened by some accidental noise in the house, started hastily up,
and, with feverish wildness, cried out,--
"Is mama coming?--"
"Not yet," cried the other, concealing her terror, and assisting Marianne to lie
down again, "but she will be here, I hope, before it is long. It is a great way, you
know, from hence to Barton."
"But she must not go round by London," cried Marianne, in the same hurried
manner. "I shall never see her, if she goes by London."
Elinor perceived with alarm that she was not quite herself, and, while
attempting to soothe her, eagerly felt her pulse. It was lower and quicker than

administering: (adj) administrative;
(n) administration.
assisting: (adj) aiding, auxiliary,
subsidiary, suffragan, adjuvant,
supporting, support, secondary,
supplementary, assistant; (n) helping. inarticulate: (adj) unintelligible, silent, unending, continuous,
ANTONYM: (adj) main.
auspiciously: (adv) propitiously,
luckily, fortunately, opportunely,
promisingly, favorably,
providentially, prosperously,
hopefully, advantageously,
Thesaurus
encouragingly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
inauspiciously, unfortunately,
negatively.
awakened: (adj) excited, aroused,
awakens, awoke, interested.
vague, muffled, incoherent, mute,
incomprehensible, unarticulate,
speechless, guttural, fuzzy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) articulate,
eloquent, fluent, distinct, talkative.
recreating: (adj) recreative, amusing.
slumber: (n, v) rest, doze, snooze, nap,
drowse, repose, catnap; (v) be asleep,
kip, take a nap; (n) siesta.
unremitting: (adj) ceaseless, perpetual,
incessant, unceasing, continual,
uninterrupted, persistent, eternal;
(adj, v) unrelenting. ANTONYMS:
(adj) sporadic, temporary,
inconsistent, finite, broken, acute,
undemanding, gentle.
 Jane Austen 307

ever! and Marianne, still talking wildly of mama, her alarm increased so rapidly,
as to determine her on sending instantly for Mr. Harris, and despatching a
messenger to Barton for her mother. To consult with Colonel Brandon on the
best means of effecting the latter, was a thought which immediately followed the
resolution of its performance; and as soon she had rung up the maid to take her
place by her sister, she hastened down to the drawing-room, where she knew he
was generally to be found at a much later hour than the present.%
It was no time for hesitation. Her fears and her difficulties were immediately
before him. Her fears, he had no courage, no confidence to attempt the removal
of:-- he listened to them in silent despondence;--but her difficulties were instantly
obviated, for with a readiness that seemed to speak the occasion, and the service
pre-arranged in his mind, he offered himself as the messenger who should fetch
Mrs. Dashwood. Elinor made no resistance that was not easily overcome. She
thanked him with brief, though fervent gratitude, and while he went to hurry off
his servant with a message to Mr. Harris, and an order for post-horses directly,
she wrote a few lines to her mother.
The comfort of such a friend at that moment as Colonel Brandon--or such a
companion for her mother,--how gratefully was it felt!--a companion whose
judgment would guide, whose attendance must relieve, and whose friendship
might soothe her!--as far as the shock of such a summons could be lessened to
her, his presence, his manners, his assistance, would lessen it.
He, meanwhile, whatever he might feel, acted with all the firmness of a
collected mind, made every necessary arrangement with the utmost despatch,
and calculated with exactness the time in which she might look for his return.
Not a moment was lost in delay of any kind. The horses arrived, even before they
were expected, and Colonel Brandon only pressing her hand with a look of
solemnity, and a few words spoken too low to reach her ear, hurried into the
carriage. It was then about twelve o'clock, and she returned to her sister's
apartment to wait for the arrival of the apothecary, and to watch by her the rest
of the night. It was a night of almost equal suffering to both. Hour after hour
passed away in sleepless pain and delirium on Marianne's side, and in the most

delirium: (n) craze, insanity, mania,
disturbance, fever, ecstasy,
derangement; (adj, n) fury; (adj) furor, negligence, inexactitude,
rage, distraction. ANTONYMS: (n)
indifference, dejection.
effecting: (n) accomplishment,
implementation, completing,
finishing, fulfillment, carrying out;
(adj) effectual.
exactness: (n) correctness, accuracy,
exactitude, truth, rigor, trueness,
accurateness, fidelity, punctuality,
Thesaurus
veracity, strictness. ANTONYMS: (n)
inexactness, fuzziness, inaccuracy,
incorrectness.
lessened: (adj) diminished, hurt,
lower, mitigated, pointed, tapering,
vitiated, atrophied, short, attenuate,
attenuated.
messenger: (n, v) herald; (n) harbinger,
runner, emissary, bearer,
ambassador, precursor, courier,
carrier, apostle, errand.
rung: (n) rundle, grade, degree, stage,
stair, spoke, stave, crosspiece, tread,
step; (adj) ringed.
sleepless: (adj) insomniac, lidless,
vigilant, wakeful, awake, watchful,
disturbed, alert, unquiet, uneasy,
restive.
summons: (n) call, invitation, bidding,
process, writ, invocation, warrant,
command; (n, v) summon; (v)
demand, cite.
308 Sense and Sensibility

cruel anxiety on Elinor's, before Mr. Harris appeared. Her apprehensions once
raised, paid by their excess for all her former security; and the servant who sat
up with her, for she would not allow Mrs. Jennings to be called, only tortured
her more, by hints of what her mistress had always thought.%
Marianne's ideas were still, at intervals, fixed incoherently on her mother,
and whenever she mentioned her name, it gave a pang to the heart of poor
Elinor, who, reproaching herself for having trifled with so many days of illness,
and wretched for some immediate relief, fancied that all relief might soon be in
vain, that every thing had been delayed too long, and pictured to herself her
suffering mother arriving too late to see this darling child, or to see her rational.
She was on the point of sending again for Mr. Harris, or if he could not come,
for some other advice, when the former--but not till after five o'clock--arrived.
His opinion, however, made some little amends for his delay, for though
acknowledging a very unexpected and unpleasant alteration in his patient, he
would not allow the danger to be material, and talked of the relief which a fresh
mode of treatment must procure, with a confidence which, in a lesser degree,
was communicated to Elinor. He promised to call again in the course of three or
four hours, and left both the patient and her anxious attendant more composed
than he had found them.
With strong concern, and with many reproaches for not being called to their
aid, did Mrs. Jennings hear in the morning of what had passed. Her former
apprehensions, now with greater reason restored, left her no doubt of the event;
and though trying to speak comfort to Elinor, her conviction of her sister's
danger would not allow her to offer the comfort of hope. Her heart was really
grieved. The rapid decay, the early death of a girl so young, so lovely as
Marianne, must have struck a less interested person with concern. On Mrs.
Jennings's compassion she had other claims. She had been for three months her
companion, was still under her care, and she was known to have been greatly
injured, and long unhappy. The distress of her sister too, particularly a favourite,
was before her;--and as for their mother, when Mrs. Jennings considered that

attendant: (n) companion, follower,
assistant, escort, subordinate,
employee, guide, varlet; (adj)
accompanying, concomitant,
incidental. ANTONYMS: (n)
superior, boss; (adj) absent, unrelated,
significant.
decay: (adj, n, v) decline; (v)
decompose, crumble, corrupt; (n, v)
blight, ebb, rust, collapse; (n)
decomposition, corruption,
disintegration. ANTONYMS: (v)
Thesaurus
flourish, grow, thrive, strengthen, clearly.
ripen, develop; (n) vigor, pang: (n) pain, torture, ache, agony,
development. twinge, affliction, sting, stab, distress,
harris: (n) sir Arthur Travers Harris, ailment, cramp.
James Thomas Harris, frank Harris, pictured: (adj) envisioned, portrayed,
bomber Harris, Benjamin Harris. graphic, delineate, delineated,
incoherently: (adv) unconnectedly, impictured, unreal, visualised,
disconnectedly, disjointedly, loosely, visualized, impressed.
confusedly, ramblingly, tortured: (adj) anguished, suffering,
inarticulately, deliriously, agonized, excruciate, excruciated,
disorderedly, incongruously, gnarled, hagridden, miserable,
wanderingly. ANTONYM: (adv) woeful, hurt.
 Jane Austen 309

Marianne might probably be to her what Charlotte was to herself, her sympathy
in her sufferings was very sincere.%
Mr. Harris was punctual in his second visit;-- but he came to be disappointed
in his hopes of what the last would produce. His medicines had failed;--the fever
was unabated; and Marianne only more quiet--not more herself--remained in a
heavy stupor. Elinor, catching all, and more than all, his fears in a moment,
proposed to call in further advice. But he judged it unnecessary: he had still
something more to try, some more fresh application, of whose success he was as
confident as the last, and his visit concluded with encouraging assurances which
reached the ear, but could not enter the heart of Miss Dashwood. She was calm,
except when she thought of her mother; but she was almost hopeless; and in this
state she continued till noon, scarcely stirring from her sister's bed, her thoughts
wandering from one image of grief, one suffering friend to another, and her
spirits oppressed to the utmost by the conversation of Mrs. Jennings, who
scrupled not to attribute the severity and danger of this attack to the many weeks
of previous indisposition which Marianne's disappointment had brought on.
Elinor felt all the reasonableness of the idea, and it gave fresh misery to her
reflections.
About noon, however, she began--but with a caution--a dread of
disappointment which for some time kept her silent, even to her friend--to fancy,
to hope she could perceive a slight amendment in her sister's pulse;--she waited,
watched, and examined it again and again;--and at last, with an agitation more
difficult to bury under exterior calmness, than all her foregoing distress,
ventured to communicate her hopes. Mrs. Jennings, though forced, on
examination, to acknowledge a temporary revival, tried to keep her young friend
from indulging a thought of its continuance;-- and Elinor, conning over every
injunction of distrust, told herself likewise not to hope. But it was too late. Hope
had already entered; and feeling all its anxious flutter, she bent over her sister to
watch--she hardly knew for what. Half an hour passed away, and the favourable
symptom yet blessed her. Others even arose to confirm it. Her breath, her skin,
her lips, all flattered Elinor with signs of amendment; and Marianne fixed her

Thesaurus
exterior: (adj, n) outside, surface, rigorous, precise, nice, mathematical; sluggishness, torpor, haze,
outward; (n) appearance, skin, front; (adj, v) regular. ANTONYMS: (adj) grogginess. ANTONYMS: (n)
(adj) external, superficial, outlying, early, unpunctual, slow. alertness, awareness, wakefulness.
outer, outdoor. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) reasonableness: (n) rationality, reason, unabated: (adj) unreduced,
interior, inside; (adj) inner, internal, equity, justice, fairness, moderation, unrestricted, unmitigated,
intrinsic, middle, deep. sanity, likelihood, common sense, unflagging, relentless, intense,
foregoing: (adj) previous, anterior, modestness, moderateness. unrelenting.
antecedent, prior, past, above, ANTONYMS: (n) unreasonableness, wandering: (adj) itinerant, nomadic,
preceding, aforegoing, earlier. excessiveness. erratic, rambling, errant, migratory;
ANTONYM: (adj) following. stupor: (n) lethargy, stupefaction, (adj, v) stray, vagrant, vagabond,
punctual: (adj) accurate, exact, coma, shock, insensibility, unsettled; (n) peregrination.
punctilious, prompt, timely, definite, unconsciousness, trance, ANTONYM: (adj) resident.
310 Sense and Sensibility

eyes on her with a rational, though languid, gaze. Anxiety and hope now
oppressed her in equal degrees, and left her no moment of tranquillity till the
arrival of Mr. Harris at four o'clock;--when his assurances, his felicitations on a
recovery in her sister even surpassing his expectation, gave her confidence,
comfort, and tears of joy.%
Marianne was in every respect materially better, and he declared her entirely
out of danger. Mrs. Jennings, perhaps satisfied with the partial justification of
her forebodings which had been found in their late alarm, allowed herself to
trust in his judgment, and admitted, with unfeigned joy, and soon with
unequivocal cheerfulness, the probability of an entire recovery.
Elinor could not be cheerful. Her joy was of a different kind, and led to any
thing rather than to gaiety. Marianne restored to life, health, friends, and to her
doting mother, was an idea to fill her heart with sensations of exquisite comfort,
and expand it in fervent gratitude;-- but it lead to no outward demonstrations of
joy, no words, no smiles. All within Elinor's breast was satisfaction, silent and
strong.
She continued by the side of her sister, with little intermission the whole
afternoon, calming every fear, satisfying every inquiry of her enfeebled spirits,
supplying every succour, and watching almost every look and every breath. The
possibility of a relapse would of course, in some moments, occur to remind her
of what anxiety was-- but when she saw, on her frequent and minute
examination, that every symptom of recovery continued, and saw Marianne at
six o'clock sink into a quiet, steady, and to all appearance comfortable, sleep, she
silenced every doubt.
The time was now drawing on, when Colonel Brandon might be expected
back. At ten o'clock, she trusted, or at least not much later her mother would be
relieved from the dreadful suspense in which she must now be travelling
towards them. The Colonel, too!--perhaps scarcely less an object of pity!--Oh!--
how slow was the progress of time which yet kept them in ignorance!
At seven o'clock, leaving Marianne still sweetly asleep, she joined Mrs.
Jennings in the drawing-room to tea. Of breakfast she had been kept by her fears,
Thesaurus
calming: (adj) sedative, reassuring, enfeebled: (adj) infirm, enervated, relief, ministration, mercy, assistance,
pacifying, lulling, assuasive, feeble, decrepit, crippled, old, helping, ease, embossment; (v)
soporific, tranquilizing, restful; (n) adynamic; (adj, v) sickly, vacillating; relieve, further.
pacification, appeasement; (v) soothe. (v) weak, accessible. surpassing: (adj) excellent, superior,
ANTONYMS: (adj) upsetting, relapse: (n, v) regress, decline, fall; (n) transcendent, exceptional,
stimulating, tense, irritating, painful. recidivism, recurrence, regression, prodigious, fine, outstanding,
doting: (adj) fond, loving, affectionate, deterioration; (v) backslide, revert, extraordinary; (v) surpass; (adv)
devoted, delirious, caring, amorous, recur, deteriorate. ANTONYMS: (v) surpassingly; (prep) above.
wandering, silly, lovesome; (v) dote. improve, recover, progress; (n) unfeigned: (adj) sincere, true, genuine,
ANTONYMS: (adj) inattentive, improvement, recovery, honest, unaffected, heartfelt, truthful,
indifferent, neglectful, uncaring, regeneration. frank, hearty, straight, natural.
disapproving, cold. succour: (n, v) succor; (n) consolation,
 Jane Austen 311

and of dinner by their sudden reverse, from eating much;-- and the present
refreshment, therefore, with such feelings of content as she brought to it, was
particularly welcome. Mrs. Jennings would have persuaded her, at its
conclusion, to take some rest before her mother's arrival, and allow her to take
her place by Marianne; but Elinor had no sense of fatigue, no capability of sleep
at that moment about her, and she was not to be kept away from her sister an
unnecessary instant. Mrs. Jennings therefore attending her up stairs into the sick
chamber, to satisfy herself that all continued right, left her there again to her
charge and her thoughts, and retired to her own room to write letters and sleep.%
The night was cold and stormy. The wind roared round the house, and the
rain beat against the windows; but Elinor, all happiness within, regarded it not.
Marianne slept through every blast; and the travellers-- they had a rich reward
in store, for every present inconvenience.
The clock struck eight. Had it been ten, Elinor would have been convinced
that at that moment she heard a carriage driving up to the house; and so strong
was the persuasion that she did, in spite of the almost impossibility of their being
already come, that she moved into the adjoining dressing-closet and opened a
window shutter, to be satisfied of the truth. She instantly saw that her ears had
not deceived her. The flaring lamps of a carriage were immediately in view. By
their uncertain light she thought she could discern it to be drawn by four horses;
and this, while it told the excess of her poor mother's alarm, gave some
explanation to such unexpected rapidity.
Never in her life had Elinor found it so difficult to be calm, as at that moment.
The knowledge of what her mother must be feeling as the carriage stopt at the
door-- of her doubt--her dread--perhaps her despair!--and of what she had to
tell!--with such knowledge it was impossible to be calm. All that remained to be
done was to be speedy; and, therefore staying only till she could leave Mrs.
Jennings's maid with her sister, she hurried down stairs.
The bustle in the vestibule, as she passed along an inner lobby, assured her
that they were already in the house. She rushed to the drawing-room,--she
entered it,--and saw only Willoughby.

blast: (adj, n, v) discharge, explosion,
burst; (n, v) attack, slam, smash,
boom, blight, roar; (adj, v) blow up;
(v) detonate.
discern: (v) differentiate, see,
comprehend, detect, distinguish,
make out, perceive, find, note; (n, v)
descry; (adj, v) recognize.
ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, neglect,
disregard, observe, overlook.
fatigue: (v) exhaust, tire, weary,
harass, enervate, fag, jade, wear; (n)
Thesaurus
exhaustion, weariness, tiredness. shutter: (n, v) close, shade; (n) curtain,
ANTONYMS: (n) energy, liveliness, shut, blind, window, skylight,
vitality, vigor, strength; (v) energize, deadlight, lid, louver, jalousie.
renew, rejuvenate, restore, stormy: (adj, n) inclement, boisterous,
invigorate. rough, severe; (adj) fierce, windy,
flaring: (adj) flared, flaming, burning, wild, dirty, foul, tempestuous,
blazing, tawdry, ablaze, garish, fiery; blustering. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
(v) glaring; (n) flare; (adv) flaringly. still, pleasant, fair, mild, relaxed.
refreshment: (n) bite, drink, vestibule: (n) lobby, hall, foyer,
recreation, collation, repose, relief, antechamber, entrance hall, hallway,
rest, entertainment, treat; (v) entry, porch, passage, anteroom,
invigoration; (n, v) regalement. threshold.
 Jane Austen 313

CHAPTER 44

Elinor, starting back with a look of horror at the sight of him, obeyed the first
impulse of her heart in turning instantly to quit the room, and her hand was
already on the lock, when its action was suspended by his hastily advancing,
and saying, in a voice rather of command than supplication,
"Miss Dashwood, for half an hour--for ten minutes-- I entreat you to stay."%
"No, sir," she replied with firmness, "I shall not stay. Your business cannot be
with me. The servants, I suppose, forgot to tell you that Mr. Palmer was not in
the house."
"Had they told me," he cried with vehemence, "that Mr. Palmer and all his
relations were at the devil, it would not have turned me from the door. My
business is with you, and only you."
"With me!"--in the utmost amazement--"well, sir,-- be quick--and if you can--
less violent."
"Sit down, and I will be both."
She hesitated; she knew not what to do. The possibility of Colonel Brandon's
arriving and finding her there, came across her. But she had promised to hear
him, and her curiosity no less than her honour was engaged. After a moment's
recollection, therefore, concluding that prudence required dispatch, and that her
acquiescence would best promote it, she walked silently towards the table, and

advancing: (adj) progressive, moving
forward, increasing, moving,
processive, thriving, ongoing,
aggressive; (n) advancement,
progression, proceeding.
arriving: (n) arrival; (adj) incoming,
inbound, received, external,
homeward bound, inward, new,
inward bound. ANTONYM: (adj)
outgoing.
devil: (n) fiend, demon, ghost,
monster, Lucifer, Satan, Beelzebub,
Thesaurus
deuce, daemon; (v) torment, rag.
ANTONYM: (n) angel.
dispatch: (n, v) speed, rush; (n)
consignment, expedition, celerity,
quickness; (v) send, accelerate,
deliver, quicken, slay. ANTONYMS:
(n) receiving, receipt, dawdling,
delay, loitering, silence; (v) keep,
start, begin, hold, retain.
horror: (n) abomination, abhorrence,
dismay, fear, fright, revulsion, alarm, placidly, tacitly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
repulsion, anxiety; (adj, n) dread,
terror. ANTONYMS: (n) delight,
attraction, proclivity, bravery, calm,
confidence, security.
promised: (adj) pledged, affianced,
betrothed, busy, devoted, employed,
greatly interested, intended,
involved; (v) benempt, named.
silently: (adv) mutely, stilly, quietly,
noiselessly, soundlessly, taciturnly,
wordlessly, secretly, speechlessly,
loudly, audibly, openly, brazenly.
314 Sense and Sensibility

sat down. He took the opposite chair, and for half a minute not a word was said
by either.%
"Pray be quick, sir,"--said Elinor, impatiently;-- "I have no time to spare."
He was sitting in an attitude of deep meditation, and seemed not to hear her.
"Your sister," said he, with abruptness, a moment afterwards--"is out of
danger. I heard it from the servant. God be praised!--But is it true? is it really
true?"
Elinor would not speak. He repeated the inquiry with yet greater eagerness.
"For God's sake tell me, is she out of danger, or is she not?"
"We hope she is."
He rose up, and walked across the room.
"Had I known as much half an hour ago--But since I am here,"--speaking with
a forced vivacity as he returned to his seat--"what does it signify?--For once, Miss
Dashwood--it will be the last time, perhaps--let us be cheerful together.--I am in a
fine mood for gaiety.-- Tell me honestly"--a deeper glow overspreading his
cheeks-- "do you think me most a knave or a fool?"
Elinor looked at him with greater astonishment than ever. She began to think
that he must be in liquor;--the strangeness of such a visit, and of such manners,
seemed no otherwise intelligible; and with this impression she immediately
rose, saying,
"Mr. Willoughby, I advise you at present to return to Combe--I am not at
leisure to remain with you longer.-- Whatever your business may be with me,
will it be better recollected and explained to-morrow."
"I understand you," he replied, with an expressive smile, and a voice
perfectly calm; "yes, I am very drunk.-- A pint of porter with my cold beef at
Marlborough was enough to over-set me."
"At Marlborough!"--cried Elinor, more and more at a loss to understand what
he would be at.

Thesaurus
abruptness: (n) gradient, shortness, revelatory, indicative, articulate, knave: (n) cheat, jack, blackguard,
slope, brusqueness, curtness, graphic, emphatic, suggestive, vivid. crook, rascal, villain, cad, scalawag,
steepness, haste, hurriedness, ANTONYMS: (adj) unemotional, scallywag, scoundrel, varlet.
rudeness, brevity, hastiness. undemonstrative, nondescript, cold, overspreading: (adj) overhanging; (n)
ANTONYMS: (n) gradualness, expressionless, empty, emotionless, ripple effect, suffusion.
courtesy, friendliness, gentleness, inarticulate, innocent, impassive, pint: (n) dry pint.
pleasantness. reserved. strangeness: (n) oddity, oddness,
attitude: (n) aspect, posture, behavior, intelligible: (adj) clear, quaintness, peculiarity, curiousness,
mind, notion, approach, air, bearing, understandable, articulate, luminous, abnormality, weirdness, foreignness,
disposition, point of view, outlook. apprehensible, graspable, simple, queerness, singularity, quirk.
expressive: (adj) significant, lucid, definite, distinct, perspicuous. ANTONYMS: (n) familiarity,
meaningful, descriptive, mobile, ANTONYMS: (adj) difficult, illegible. nativeness.
 Jane Austen 315

"Yes,--I left London this morning at eight o'clock, and the only ten minutes I
have spent out of my chaise since that time procured me a nuncheon at
Marlborough."
The steadiness of his manner, and the intelligence of his eye as he spoke,
convincing Elinor, that whatever other unpardonable folly might bring him to
Cleveland, he was not brought there by intoxication, she said, after a moment's
recollection,
"Mr. Willoughby, you ought to feel, and I certainly do--that after what has
passed--your coming here in this manner, and forcing yourself upon my notice,
requires a very particular excuse.--What is it, that you mean by it?"--
"I mean,"--said he, with serious energy--"if I can, to make you hate me one
degree less than you do now. I mean to offer some kind of explanation, some
kind of apology, for the past; to open my whole heart to you, and by convincing
you, that though I have been always a blockhead, I have not been always a
rascal, to obtain something like forgiveness from Ma--from your sister."
"Is this the real reason of your coming?"
"Upon my soul it is,"--was his answer, with a warmth which brought all the
former Willoughby to her remembrance, and in spite of herself made her think
him sincere.%
"If that is all, you may be satisfied already,-- for Marianne does--she has long
forgiven you."
"Has she?"--he cried, in the same eager tone.-- "Then she has forgiven me
before she ought to have done it. But she shall forgive me again, and on more
reasonable grounds.--Now will you listen to me?"
Elinor bowed her assent.
"I do not know," said he, after a pause of expectation on her side, and
thoughtfulness on his own,--"how you may have accounted for my behaviour to
your sister, or what diabolical motive you may have imputed to me.-- Perhaps
you will hardly think the better of me,--it is worth the trial however, and you
shall hear every thing. When I first became intimate in your family, I had no
Thesaurus
blockhead: (n) dunderhead, ass, idiot, diabolical: (adj) diabolic, demoniac, poisoning, tipsiness, fascination,
beetlehead, dunce, dolt, fool, demonic, infernal, hellish, unholy, grogginess, ecstasy, daze, excitement,
loggerhead, muttonhead, fiendish, wicked, satanic, atrocious, euphoria, wine.
knucklehead; (n, v) block. evil. warmth: (adj, n) glow, fire; (n)
convincing: (adj) cogent, forceful, forcing: (adj) pressing, constraining, temperature, warmness, passion,
persuasive, compelling, believable, penetrating, compulsatory; (n) push. fervor, geniality, affection,
probable, impressive, likely, credible, forgive: (v) absolve, excuse, acquit, tenderness, fondness, sympathy.
valid, plausible. ANTONYMS: (adj) remit, pardon, justify, to forgive, ANTONYMS: (n) aloofness, chill,
weak, unrealistic, unpersuasive, exonerate, overlook, clear, to excuse. chilliness, coldness, coolness,
questionable, dubious, doubtful, ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, punish, unfriendliness, hostility, sourness,
unbelievable, disputable, inaccurate, castigate. abruptness, plainness, frostiness.
hesitant, unreliable. intoxication: (n) inebriation, inebriety,
316 Sense and Sensibility

other intention, no other view in the acquaintance than to pass my time

pleasantly while I was obliged to remain in Devonshire, more pleasantly than I
had ever done before. Your sister's lovely person and interesting manners could
not but please me; and her behaviour to me almost from the first, was of a kind--
It is astonishing, when I reflect on what it was, and what she was, that my heart
should have been so insensible! But at first I must confess, my vanity only was
elevated by it. Careless of her happiness, thinking only of my own amusement,
giving way to feelings which I had always been too much in the habit of
indulging, I endeavoured, by every means in my power, to make myself pleasing
to her, without any design of returning her affection."%
Miss Dashwood, at this point, turning her eyes on him with the most angry
contempt, stopped him, by saying,
"It is hardly worth while, Mr. Willoughby, for you to relate, or for me to listen
any longer. Such a beginning as this cannot be followed by any thing.-- Do not let
me be pained by hearing any thing more on the subject."
"I insist on you hearing the whole of it," he replied, "My fortune was never
large, and I had always been expensive, always in the habit of associating with
people of better income than myself. Every year since my coming of age, or even
before, I believe, had added to my debts; and though the death of my old cousin,
Mrs. Smith, was to set me free; yet that event being uncertain, and possibly far
distant, it had been for some time my intention to re-establish my circumstances
by marrying a woman of fortune. To attach myself to your sister, therefore, was
not a thing to be thought of;--and with a meanness, selfishness, cruelty-- which
no indignant, no contemptuous look, even of yours, Miss Dashwood, can ever
reprobate too much--I was acting in this manner, trying to engage her regard,
without a thought of returning it.--But one thing may be said for me: even in that
horrid state of selfish vanity, I did not know the extent of the injury I meditated,
because I did not then know what it was to love. But have I ever known it?--Well
may it be doubted; for, had I really loved, could I have sacrificed my feelings to
vanity, to avarice?--or, what is more, could I have sacrificed hers?-- But I have
done it. To avoid a comparative poverty, which her affection and her society

associating: (n) connection, reference.
astonishing: (adj) amazing, wonderful,
stupendous, prodigious, strange,
surprising, astounding, incredible,
breathtaking; (v) astonish; (adj, n)
marvelous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
ordinary, humdrum, boring,
mundane, dull, expected, predictable,
usual, comforting.
careless: (adj) forgetful, inattentive,
insouciant, haphazard, cursory,
reckless, lax, unwary, sloppy; (adj,
Thesaurus
adv) thoughtless; (adj, v) heedless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) cautious, prudent,
meticulous, thoughtful, diligent,
attentive, thorough, wary, guarded,
methodical, strict.
engage: (v) contract, book, employ,
retain, absorb, charter, draw, rent; (n,
v) attract, enlist, betroth.
ANTONYMS: (v) disengage, release,
evade, bore, can, discharge,
disconnect, dismiss, eject, terminate,
escape.
insist: (v) affirm, assert, contend,
demand, claim, asseverate, declare,
maintain, urge, importune, press.
ANTONYMS: (v) request, deny.
re-establish: (v) restore, reconstruct,
renew, regenerate, reestablish, return.
reprobate: (adj, n) profligate,
miscreant; (adj) depraved, immoral,
corrupt, dissolute; (v) censure,
condemn, reproach; (adj, v)
perverted; (n) scoundrel.
 Jane Austen 317

would have deprived of all its horrors, I have, by raising myself to affluence, lost
every thing that could make it a blessing."%
"You did then," said Elinor, a little softened, "believe yourself at one time
attached to her?"
"To have resisted such attractions, to have withstood such tenderness!--Is
there a man on earth who could have done it?--Yes, I found myself, by insensible
degrees, sincerely fond of her; and the happiest hours of my life were what I
spent with her when I felt my intentions were strictly honourable, and my
feelings blameless. Even then, however, when fully determined on paying my
addresses to her, I allowed myself most improperly to put off, from day to day,
the moment of doing it, from an unwillingness to enter into an engagement while
my circumstances were so greatly embarrassed. I will not reason here--nor will I
stop for you to expatiate on the absurdity, and the worse than absurdity, of
scrupling to engage my faith where my honour was already bound. The event
has proved, that I was a cunning fool, providing with great circumspection for a
possible opportunity of making myself contemptible and wretched for ever. At
last, however, my resolution was taken, and I had determined, as soon as I could
engage her alone, to justify the attentions I had so invariably paid her, and
openly assure her of an affection which I had already taken such pains to
display. But in the interim--in the interim of the very few hours that were to
pass, before I could have an opportunity of speaking with her in private-- a
circumstance occurred--an unlucky circumstance, to ruin all my resolution, and
with it all my comfort. A discovery took place,"--here he hesitated and looked
down.--"Mrs. Smith had somehow or other been informed, I imagine by some
distant relation, whose interest it was to deprive me of her favour, of an affair, a
connection--but I need not explain myself farther," he added, looking at her with
an heightened colour and an enquiring eye--"your particular intimacy--you have
probably heard the whole story long ago."
"I have," returned Elinor, colouring likewise, and hardening her heart anew
against any compassion for him, "I have heard it all. And how you will explain

blameless: (adj) irreproachable,
perfect, faultless, unimpeachable,
pure, spotless, innocent, guiltless,
inculpable, not guilty, clean.
ANTONYMS: (adj) culpable,
blameworthy, responsible, wrong,
bad, sinful, shameful, flawed.
circumspection: (n) care, wariness,
chariness, cautiousness, calculation,
precaution, vigilance, discernment,
judgment; (adj, n) discretion,
prudence. ANTONYM: (n)
Thesaurus
recklessness. (adj) descant.
contemptible: (adj) abject, mean, base, heightened: (adj) excited, intense,
pitiful, little, worthless, unworthy, irritate, keen, resonant, sensitive.
miserable, ignoble, abominable, improperly: (adv) wrongly,
shameful. ANTONYMS: (adj) unbecomingly, badly,
estimable, admired, deserving, inappropriately, indecorously,
worthy, honorable, respectable, indecently, faultily, unseemly,
respectful, noble, generous, incongruously, illicitly, illegitimately.
commendable, good. ANTONYMS: (adv) suitably, morally,
expatiate: (v) expand, dilate, enlarge, fittingly, correctly, justifiably,
amplify, expound, elaborate, distend, perfectly, well, lawfully, honestly,
exemplify, exposit; (adj, v) inflate; acceptably, decently.
318 Sense and Sensibility

away any part of your guilt in that dreadful business, I confess is beyond my
comprehension."%
"Remember," cried Willoughby, "from whom you received the account.
Could it be an impartial one? I acknowledge that her situation and her character
ought to have been respected by me. I do not mean to justify myself, but at the
same time cannot leave you to suppose that I have nothing to urge--that because
she was injured she was irreproachable, and because I was a libertine, she must
be a saint. If the violence of her passions, the weakness of her understanding--I
do not mean, however, to defend myself. Her affection for me deserved better
treatment, and I often, with great self-reproach, recall the tenderness which, for a
very short time, had the power of creating any return. I wish--I heartily wish it
had never been. But I have injured more than herself; and I have injured one,
whose affection for me--(may I say it?) was scarcely less warm than hers; and
whose mind--Oh! how infinitely superior!"--
"Your indifference, however, towards that unfortunate girl--I must say it,
unpleasant to me as the discussion of such a subject may well be--your
indifference is no apology for your cruel neglect of her. Do not think yourself
excused by any weakness, any natural defect of understanding on her side, in the
wanton cruelty so evident on yours. You must have known, that while you were
enjoying yourself in Devonshire pursuing fresh schemes, always gay, always
happy, she was reduced to the extremest indigence."
"But, upon my soul, I did not know it," he warmly replied; "I did not recollect
that I had omitted to give her my direction; and common sense might have told
her how to find it out."
"Well, sir, and what said Mrs. Smith?"
"She taxed me with the offence at once, and my confusion may be guessed.
The purity of her life, the formality of her notions, her ignorance of the world--
every thing was against me. The matter itself I could not deny, and vain was
every endeavour to soften it. She was previously disposed, I believe, to doubt
the morality of my conduct in general, and was moreover discontented with the
very little attention, the very little portion of my time that I had bestowed on her,
Thesaurus
creating: (v) create; (n) making. detached. ANTONYMS: (adj) partial, rake; (adj, n) wanton.
discontented: (adj, v) querulous, partisan, prejudiced, subjective, omitted: (adj) absent, forgotten,
complaining; (adj) disaffected, unfair, unjust. misplaced, wanting, not there, away,
disgruntled, malcontent, unsatisfied, infinitely: (adv) greatly, vastly, gone astray, lost, mislaid, gone.
dissatisfied, displeased, miserable, immensely, immeasurably, taxed: (adj) laden.
put out, ungratified. ANTONYMS: boundlessly, enormously, wanton: (adj) loose, dissolute, light,
(adj) pleased, satisfied, happy, unboundedly, hugely, ceaselessly, licentious, unchaste, lewd,
content. unendingly; (adj, adv) incalculably. debauched, unprovoked; (v) dally; (n,
impartial: (adj) just, equitable, ANTONYM: (adv) finitely. v) sport; (adj, v) flirt. ANTONYMS:
disinterested, unprejudiced, libertine: (adj) dissolute, dissipated, (adj) moral, wise, nice, kind, gentle,
unbiased, dispassionate, even- debauched, fast, lewd, lascivious, decent, clean, careful, observant,
handed, candid, even, evenhanded, loose, licentious; (n, v) debauchee; (n) justifiable, involuntary.
 Jane Austen 319

in my present visit. In short, it ended in a total breach. By one measure I might

have saved myself. In the height of her morality, good woman! she offered to
forgive the past, if I would marry Eliza. That could not be--and I was formally
dismissed from her favour and her house. The night following this affair--I was
to go the next morning-- was spent by me in deliberating on what my future
conduct should be. The struggle was great--but it ended too soon. My affection
for Marianne, my thorough conviction of her attachment to me--it was all
insufficient to outweigh that dread of poverty, or get the better of those false
ideas of the necessity of riches, which I was naturally inclined to feel, and
expensive society had increased. I had reason to believe myself secure of my
present wife, if I chose to address her, and I persuaded myself to think that
nothing else in common prudence remained for me to do. A heavy scene
however awaited me, before I could leave Devonshire;--I was engaged to dine
with you on that very day; some apology was therefore necessary for my
breaking this engagement. But whether I should write this apology, or deliver it
in person, was a point of long debate. To see Marianne, I felt, would be dreadful,
and I even doubted whether I could see her again, and keep to my resolution. In
that point, however, I undervalued my own magnanimity, as the event declared;
for I went, I saw her, and saw her miserable, and left her miserable--and left her
hoping never to see her again."%
"Why did you call, Mr. Willoughby?" said Elinor, reproachfully; "a note
would have answered every purpose.-- Why was it necessary to call?"
"It was necessary to my own pride. I could not bear to leave the country in a
manner that might lead you, or the rest of the neighbourhood, to suspect any
part of what had really passed between Mrs. Smith and myself-- and I resolved
therefore on calling at the cottage, in my way to Honiton. The sight of your dear
sister, however, was really dreadful; and, to heighten the matter, I found her
alone. You were all gone I do not know where. I had left her only the evening
before, so fully, so firmly resolved within my self on doing right! A few hours
were to have engaged her to me for ever; and I remember how happy, how gay
were my spirits, as I walked from the cottage to Allenham, satisfied with myself,

awaited: (adj) expected, appointed,
scheduled, forthcoming, prospective.
insufficient: (adj) defective, scanty,
inadequate, incompetent, imperfect,
incapable, limited, small, poor,
meager, unsatisfactory.
ANTONYMS: (adj) plentiful,
adequate, filling, generous, plenty,
abundant, commensurate, acceptable,
perfect.
magnanimity: (adj, n) generosity,
liberality; (n) largesse, greatness,
Thesaurus
charity, munificence, tolerance, righteousness, chastity, behavior,
nobleness, nobility, kindness, largess. moral philosophy, rectitude.
ANTONYM: (n) pettiness. ANTONYMS: (n) immorality,
miserable: (adj, v) forlorn, wretched, decadence, wickedness, indecency.
unhappy; (adj) mean, low, abject, reproachfully: (adv) critically,
deplorable, downcast, bad, desolate; abusively, admonitorily,
(adj, adv) meager. ANTONYMS: (adj) vituperatively, disapprovingly,
happy, generous, cheerful, cheery, wearily, contemptuously,
bright, fortunate, hopeful, jubilant, disparagingly, disdainfully,
luxurious, overjoyed, heavenly. witheringly, shamefully.
morality: (n) ethics, goodness, virtue, ANTONYMS: (adv) approvingly,
honesty, decency, integrity, hopefully.
320 Sense and Sensibility

delighted with every body! But in this, our last interview of friendship, I
approached her with a sense of guilt that almost took from me the power of
dissembling. Her sorrow, her disappointment, her deep regret, when I told her
that I was obliged to leave Devonshire so immediately--I never shall forget it--
united too with such reliance, such confidence in me!--Oh, God!--what a hard-
hearted rascal I was!"
They were both silent for a few moments. Elinor first spoke.%
"Did you tell her that you should soon return?"
"I do not know what I told her," he replied, impatiently; "less than was due to
the past, beyond a doubt, and in all likelihood much more than was justified by
the future. I cannot think of it.--It won't do.--Then came your dear mother to
torture me farther, with all her kindness and confidence. Thank Heaven! it did
torture me. I was miserable. Miss Dashwood, you cannot have an idea of the
comfort it gives me to look back on my own misery. I owe such a grudge to
myself for the stupid, rascally folly of my own heart, that all my past sufferings
under it are only triumph and exultation to me now. Well, I went, left all that I
loved, and went to those to whom, at best, I was only indifferent. My journey to
town--travelling with my own horses, and therefore so tediously--no creature to
speak to--my own reflections so cheerful--when I looked forward every thing so
inviting!--when I looked back at Barton, the picture so soothing!--oh, it was a
blessed journey!"
He stopped.
"Well, sir," said Elinor, who, though pitying him, grew impatient for his
departure, "and this is all?"
"Ah!--no,--have you forgot what passed in town?-- That infamous letter--Did
she shew it you?"
"Yes, I saw every note that passed."
"When the first of hers reached me (as it immediately did, for I was in town
the whole time,) what I felt is-- in the common phrase, not to be expressed; in a
more simple one--perhaps too simple to raise any emotion-- my feelings were

blessed: (adj) happy, holy, cursed,
sacred, damned, hallowed, blasted,
fortunate, saintly, lucky, divine.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unlucky,
condemned, damned, disapproved,
unhappy, unholy, secular.
dissembling: (adj) dissimulating,
insincere; (n) pretense, deception,
pretence, deceit, chicanery, feigning,
hypocrisy, misrepresentation,
pretending.
grudge: (v) begrudge, covet; (n, v)
Thesaurus
spite; (n) malice, anger, umbrage, ANTONYMS: (adj) reputable,
resentment, rancor, gall, pique, feud. famous.
hard-hearted: (adj) remorseless, rascally: (adj) dirty, contemptible,
ruthless, unkind, obdurate, pitiless, abject, mean, mischievous,
heartless, merciless, unaffected, scoundrelly, roguish, scabby, scurvy,
unconcerned, uninterested, cold- shabby, paltry.
blooded. reliance: (n) credit, faith, trust,
infamous: (adj) disreputable, flagrant, dependence, belief, credence,
notorious, disgraceful, conviction, hope, assurance,
dishonourable, contemptible; (adj, v) dependency, expectation.
foul, shameful, base; (adj, n, v) ANTONYM: (n) distrust.
scandalous; (adj, adv, v) nefarious.
 Jane Austen 321

very, very painful.--Every line, every word was--in the hackneyed metaphor
which their dear writer, were she here, would forbid--a dagger to my heart. To
know that Marianne was in town was--in the same language-- a thunderbolt.--
Thunderbolts and daggers!--what a reproof would she have given me!--her taste,
her opinions--I believe they are better known to me than my own,--and I am sure
they are dearer."
Elinor's heart, which had undergone many changes in the course of this
extraordinary conversation, was now softened again;--yet she felt it her duty to
check such ideas in her companion as the last.%
"This is not right, Mr. Willoughby.--Remember that you are married. Relate
only what in your conscience you think necessary for me to hear."
"Marianne's note, by assuring me that I was still as dear to her as in former
days, that in spite of the many, many weeks we had been separated, she was as
constant in her own feelings, and as full of faith in the constancy of mine as ever,
awakened all my remorse. I say awakened, because time and London, business
and dissipation, had in some measure quieted it, and I had been growing a fine
hardened villain, fancying myself indifferent to her, and chusing to fancy that
she too must have become indifferent to me; talking to myself of our past
attachment as a mere idle, trifling business, shrugging up my shoulders in proof
of its being so, and silencing every reproach, overcoming every scruple, by
secretly saying now and then, 'I shall be heartily glad to hear she is well
married.'-- But this note made me know myself better. I felt that she was
infinitely dearer to me than any other woman in the world, and that I was using
her infamously. But every thing was then just settled between Miss Grey and
me. To retreat was impossible. All that I had to do, was to avoid you both. I
sent no answer to Marianne, intending by that to preserve myself from her
farther notice; and for some time I was even determined not to call in Berkeley
Street;--but at last, judging it wiser to affect the air of a cool, common
acquaintance than anything else, I watched you all safely out of the house one
morning, and left my name."
"Watched us out of the house!"

dagger: (n) bodkin, sword, blade,
obelisk, knife, stiletto, dirk, cutlass,
grapheme, saber, skean.
dissipation: (n) waste, dissolution,
licentiousness, extravagance, excess,
profligacy, consumption,
decomposition, disintegration; (n, v)
diffusion, dissemination.
ANTONYMS: (n) appearance,
growth, restraint, moderation,
decency, uprightness.
infamously: (adv) disgracefully,
Thesaurus
notoriously, shamefully, vilely, shamelessness.
flagrantly, ignominiously, arrantly, secretly: (adv) privately, confidentially,
opprobriously, basely, villainously, quietly, stealthily, surreptitiously,
evilly. furtively, in secret, darkly,
judging: (n) judge, judgment, judged, secretively, clandestinely, occultly.
decision making, assessment, ANTONYMS: (adv) publicly,
thought, deciding, prejudgment, deliberately, brazenly.
discernment. villain: (n) rascal, scoundrel, rogue,
remorse: (n) penitence, contrition, knave, miscreant, criminal, bandit,
repentance, regret, guilt, penance, crook, reprobate, varlet, rapscallion.
sorrow, grief, qualm, ruefulness, ANTONYMS: (n) heroine, hero.
compassion. ANTONYM: (n)
322 Sense and Sensibility

"Even %so. You would be surprised to hear how often I watched you, how
often I was on the point of falling in with you. I have entered many a shop to
avoid your sight, as the carriage drove by. Lodging as I did in Bond Street, there
was hardly a day in which I did not catch a glimpse of one or other of you; and
nothing but the most constant watchfulness on my side, a most invariably
prevailing desire to keep out of your sight, could have separated us so long. I
avoided the Middletons as much as possible, as well as everybody else who was
likely to prove an acquaintance in common. Not aware of their being in town,
however, I blundered on Sir John, I believe, the first day of his coming, and the
day after I had called at Mrs. Jennings's. He asked me to a party, a dance at his
house in the evening.--Had he not told me as an inducement that you and your
sister were to be there, I should have felt it too certain a thing, to trust myself
near him. The next morning brought another short note from Marianne-- still
affectionate, open, artless, confiding--everything that could make my conduct
most hateful. I could not answer it. I tried--but could not frame a sentence. But I
thought of her, I believe, every moment of the day. If you can pity me, Miss
Dashwood, pity my situation as it was then. With my head and heart full of your
sister, I was forced to play the happy lover to another woman!--Those three or
four weeks were worse than all. Well, at last, as I need not tell you, you were
forced on me; and what a sweet figure I cut!--what an evening of agony it was!--
Marianne, beautiful as an angel on one side, calling me Willoughby in such a
tone!--Oh, God!--holding out her hand to me, asking me for an explanation, with
those bewitching eyes fixed in such speaking solicitude on my face!--and Sophia,
jealous as the devil on the other hand, looking all that was--Well, it does not
signify; it is over now.-- Such an evening!--I ran away from you all as soon as I
could; but not before I had seen Marianne's sweet face as white as death.--That
was the last, last look I ever had of her;-- the last manner in which she appeared
to me. It was a horrid sight!--yet when I thought of her to-day as really dying, it
was a kind of comfort to me to imagine that I knew exactly how she would
appear to those, who saw her last in this world. She was before me, constantly
before me, as I travelled, in the same look and hue."

artless: (adj) ingenuous, simple,
innocent, naive, open, candid,
unsophisticated, unpretentious,
unaffected, sincere, rugged.
ANTONYMS: (adj) artful,
sophisticated, complicated,
unnatural, pretentious, insincere,
disingenuous, affected, forced,
experienced, cunning.
glimpse: (n, v) look, peek; (v) blink,
see, notice, spy, spot, espy; (n) coup
d'oeil, view, peep. ANTONYMS: (n)
Thesaurus
scrutiny, observation, perusal; (v)
scrutinize, survey, Miss, study.
hateful: (adj) disgusting, execrable,
nasty, abominable, hideous,
despicable, repulsive, distasteful,
foul; (adj, v) odious, obnoxious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, kind,
nice, benign, desirable.
inducement: (n) enticement,
attraction, cause, incitement, impulse,
temptation, bait, impetus, occasion,
motive, goad. ANTONYMS: (n)
disincentive, deterrent.
invariably: (adv) constantly, ever,
forever, permanently, continually,
incessantly; (adj) never otherwise,
unfailingly, without exception,
without fail; (adj, adv) uniformly.
prevailing: (adj) prevalent, rife,
dominant, common, current,
overriding, popular, general,
influential, epidemic, powerful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant, rare,
unusual.
 Jane Austen 323

A short pause of mutual thoughtfulness succeeded. Willoughby first rousing

himself, broke it thus:
"Well, let me make haste and be gone. Your sister is certainly better, certainly
out of danger?"%
"We are assured of it."
"Your poor mother, too!--doting on Marianne."
"But the letter, Mr. Willoughby, your own letter; have you any thing to say
about that?"
"Yes, yes, that in particular. Your sister wrote to me again, you know, the
very next morning. You saw what she said. I was breakfasting at the Ellisons,--
and her letter, with some others, was brought to me there from my lodgings. It
happened to catch Sophia's eye before it caught mine--and its size, the elegance
of the paper, the hand-writing altogether, immediately gave her a suspicion.
Some vague report had reached her before of my attachment to some young lady
in Devonshire, and what had passed within her observation the preceding
evening had marked who the young lady was, and made her more jealous than
ever. Affecting that air of playfulness, therefore, which is delightful in a woman
one loves, she opened the letter directly, and read its contents. She was well paid
for her impudence. She read what made her wretched. Her wretchedness I could
have borne, but her passion--her malice--At all events it must be appeased. And,
in short--what do you think of my wife's style of letter-writing?--delicate--tender-
- truly feminine--was it not?"
"Your wife!--The letter was in your own hand-writing."
"Yes, but I had only the credit of servilely copying such sentences as I was
ashamed to put my name to. The original was all her own--her own happy
thoughts and gentle diction. But what could I do!--we were engaged, every
thing in preparation, the day almost fixed--But I am talking like a fool.
Preparation!--day!--In honest words, her money was necessary to me, and in a
situation like mine, any thing was to be done to prevent a rupture. And after all,
what did it signify to my character in the opinion of Marianne and her friends, in

appeased: (adj) content, pacate.
copying: (n) duplicating, duplication,
imitation, replication, repetition,
reproduction, tracing, repeating,
printing, resistance; (adj) imitative.
diction: (n, v) style; (n) phraseology,
language, phrasing, articulation,
choice of words, locution, parlance,
enunciation, expression, speech.
fool: (n) blockhead, dunce, clown,
idiot, ass, booby, buffoon; (v) deceive,
bamboozle; (n, v) joke, gull.
Thesaurus
ANTONYM: (n) savant.
haste: (n, v) hurry, dash, dispatch,
rush; (n) celerity, expedition,
rapidity, speed, bustle, hastiness,
quickness. ANTONYMS: (n) delay,
patience, forethought, caution.
playfulness: (n) mischief,
impertinence, gaiety, archness,
friskiness, pertness, merriment,
humor, impishness; (n, v) play, sport. specific, sure, certain, defined, alert,
ANTONYM: (n) seriousness.
servilely: (adv) slavishly, menially,
subserviently, submissively, meanly,
abjectly, cringingly, fawningly,
sycophantically, obediently, lowly.
vague: (adj) obscure, indistinct,
indeterminate, undefined,
undetermined, indefinite, uncertain,
faint, ambiguous; (adj, v) loose,
equivocal. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear,
distinct, exact, particular, precise,
detailed.
324 Sense and Sensibility

what language my answer was couched?--It must have been only to one end. My
business was to declare myself a scoundrel, and whether I did it with a bow or a
bluster was of little importance.-- 'I am ruined for ever in their opinion--' said I to
myself--'I am shut out for ever from their society, they already think me an
unprincipled fellow, this letter will only make them think me a blackguard one.'
Such were my reasonings, as, in a sort of desperate carelessness, I copied my
wife's words, and parted with the last relics of Marianne. Her three notes--
unluckily they were all in my pocketbook, or I should have denied their
existence, and hoarded them for ever--I was forced to put them up, and could
not even kiss them. And the lock of hair--that too I had always carried about me
in the same pocket-book, which was now searched by Madam with the most
ingratiating virulence,--the dear lock--all, every memento was torn from me."%
"You are very wrong, Mr. Willoughby, very blamable," said Elinor, while her
voice, in spite of herself, betrayed her compassionate emotion; "you ought not to
speak in this way, either of Mrs. Willoughby or my sister. You had made your
own choice. It was not forced on you. Your wife has a claim to your politeness,
to your respect, at least. She must be attached to you, or she would not have
married you. To treat her with unkindness, to speak of her slightingly is no
atonement to Marianne--nor can I suppose it a relief to your own conscience."
"Do not talk to me of my wife," said he with a heavy sigh.-- "She does not
deserve your compassion.--She knew I had no regard for her when we married.--
Well, married we were, and came down to Combe Magna to be happy, and
afterwards returned to town to be gay.--And now do you pity me, Miss
Dashwood?--or have I said all this to no purpose?-- Am I--be it only one degree--
am I less guilty in your opinion than I was before?--My intentions were not
always wrong. Have I explained away any part of my guilt?"
"Yes, you have certainly removed something--a little.-- You have proved
yourself, on the whole, less faulty than I had believed you. You have proved
your heart less wicked, much less wicked. But I hardly know--the misery that
you have inflicted--I hardly know what could have made it worse."

atonement: (n) amends, reparation,
satisfaction, compensation, penance,
redress, redemption, reconciliation,
recompense, propitiation, penitence.
blackguard: (n) ruffian, rogue, dog,
rascal, heel, hound, cad; (adj) base,
vile; (v) vituperate, revile.
bluster: (v) brag, gasconade, swash,
bully; (n, v) swagger, roar, storm,
clatter; (n) boasting, bravado; (adj, v)
vapor. ANTONYMS: (n) mildness,
reticence, timidity.
Thesaurus
faulty: (adj) erroneous, deficient, souvenir, relic, remembrance,
defective, false, vicious, bad, broken, remembrancer, trophy, monument,
wrong, incorrect, inaccurate, reminiscence, trace; (v) memorabilia.
damaged. ANTONYMS: (adj) perfect, pocketbook: (n) bag, handbag,
flawless, sound, adequate, working, notebook, wallet, notecase, reticule,
certain, logical, fine. billfold, jotter, finances, pocket book,
hoarded: (adj) store, collective. paperback.
ingratiating: (adj) fawning, taking, relics: (n) relic, rood, rosary, thurible,
pleasing, toadying, sycophantic, reliquary, remainder, remain,
unctuous, disarming, fascinating, leavings, remains, remnants, patera.
charming, winning, smooth. slightingly: (adv) negligently, slightly,
memento: (n) keepsake, token, lightly.
 Jane Austen 325

"Will you repeat to your sister when she is recovered, what I have been
telling you?--Let me be a little lightened too in her opinion as well as in yours.
You tell me that she has forgiven me already. Let me be able to fancy that a
better knowledge of my heart, and of my present feelings, will draw from her a
more spontaneous, more natural, more gentle, less dignified, forgiveness. Tell
her of my misery and my penitence--tell her that my heart was never inconstant
to her, and if you will, that at this moment she is dearer to me than ever."%
"I will tell her all that is necessary to what may comparatively be called, your
justification. But you have not explained to me the particular reason of your
coming now, nor how you heard of her illness."
"Last night, in Drury Lane lobby, I ran against Sir John Middleton, and when
he saw who I was--for the first time these two months--he spoke to me.--That he
had cut me ever since my marriage, I had seen without surprise or resentment.
Now, however, his good-natured, honest, stupid soul, full of indignation against
me, and concern for your sister, could not resist the temptation of telling me
what he knew ought to--though probably he did not think it would--vex me
horridly. As bluntly as he could speak it, therefore, he told me that Marianne
Dashwood was dying of a putrid fever at Cleveland--a letter that morning
received from Mrs. Jennings declared her danger most imminent--the Palmers
are all gone off in a fright, &c.--I was too much shocked to be able to pass myself
off as insensible even to the undiscerning Sir John. His heart was softened in
seeing mine suffer; and so much of his ill-will was done away, that when we
parted, he almost shook me by the hand while he reminded me of an old promise
about a pointer puppy. What I felt on hearing that your sister was dying--and
dying too, believing me the greatest villain upon earth, scorning, hating me in
her latest moments--for how could I tell what horrid projects might not have
been imputed? One person I was sure would represent me as capable of any
thing-- What I felt was dreadful!--My resolution was soon made, and at eight
o'clock this morning I was in my carriage. Now you know all."
Elinor made no answer. Her thoughts were silently fixed on the irreparable
injury which too early an independence and its consequent habits of idleness,

Thesaurus
bluntly: (adv) frankly, directly, rudely, (n) venom. irreparable: (adj) incurable, hopeless,
bluffly, coarsely, forthrightly, horridly: (adv) shockingly, direly, irremediable, irrecoverable,
candidly, curtly, brusquely, gruffly, gruesomely, horrifically, direfully, incorrigible, irredeemable,
openly. ANTONYMS: (adv) fearsomely, fearfully, dreadfully, irretrievable, remediless,
deceitfully, hesitantly, indirectly, grimly, ugly, nastily. ANTONYM: irreclaimable, unalterable,
guardedly, politely. (adv) pleasantly. irrevocable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
fever: (n) malaria, delirium, pyrexia, ill-will: (n) enmity. impermanent, repairable, temporary,
heat, frenzy, feverishness, febricity, inconstant: (adj) erratic, changeable, superficial.
Bilious typhoid fever, Levant fever, flighty, fickle, variable, faithless, puppy: (n) pup, cub, youth, doggy,
Hectic infantile fever, Typhoid fever. fitful, giddy, inconsistent, uncertain, whelp, younker, dog, brat, child,
hating: (adj) loathful, abhorring, slippery. ANTONYMS: (adj) youngster, frankfurter.
disgusting, misanthropic, vengeful; unending, loyal, regular.
326 Sense and Sensibility

dissipation, and luxury, had made in the mind, the character, the happiness, of a
man who, to every advantage of person and talents, united a disposition
naturally open and honest, and a feeling, affectionate temper. The world had
made him extravagant and vain--Extravagance and vanity had made him cold-
hearted and selfish. Vanity, while seeking its own guilty triumph at the expense
of another, had involved him in a real attachment, which extravagance, or at
least its offspring, necessity, had required to be sacrificed. Each faulty
propensity in leading him to evil, had led him likewise to punishment. The
attachment, from which against honour, against feeling, against every better
interest he had outwardly torn himself, now, when no longer allowable,
governed every thought; and the connection, for the sake of which he had, with
little scruple, left her sister to misery, was likely to prove a source of unhappiness
to himself of a far more incurable nature. From a reverie of this kind she was
recalled at the end of some minutes by Willoughby, who, rousing himself from a
reverie at least equally painful, started up in preparation for going, and said--
"There is no use in staying here; I must be off."
"Are you going back to town?"
"No--to Combe Magna. I have business there; from thence to town in a day
or two. Good bye."
He held out his hand. She could not refuse to give him hers's;--he pressed it
with affection.%
"And you do think something better of me than you did?"--said he, letting it
fall, and leaning against the mantel-piece as if forgetting he was to go.
Elinor assured him that she did;--that she forgave, pitied, wished him well--
was even interested in his happiness--and added some gentle counsel as to the
behaviour most likely to promote it. His answer was not very encouraging.
"As to that," said he, "I must rub through the world as well as I can. Domestic
happiness is out of the question. If, however, I am allowed to think that you and
yours feel an interest in my fate and actions, it may be the means--it may put me

Thesaurus
forgetting: (v) forget; (adj) oblivious; (adj) luxurious, deluxe, indulgence. evidently, extrinsically, outerly,
(n) disregard. ANTONYMS: (n) paucity, necessity, outsidely. ANTONYMS: (adv)
governed: (adj) subject; (n) citizenry; poverty, filth, discomfort, bareness, internally, underneath.
(adv) under. shabbiness; (adj) basic, inferior, propensity: (n) proclivity, leaning,
incurable: (adj) incorrigible, cheap, Spartan. disposition, bias, bent, aptitude,
immedicable, cureless, inveterate, offspring: (n, v) issue, breed, brood; aptness, proneness, predisposition,
irretrievable, irrecoverable, terminal, (n) progeny, family, children, child, predilection, penchant. ANTONYM:
irremediable, irreparable, remediless, successor, lineage, young; (v) fruit. (n) inability.
chronic. ANTONYM: (adj) mild. ANTONYM: (n) parent. thence: (adv) therefore, thus,
luxury: (n) comfort, luxuriousness, outwardly: (adv) exteriorly, therefrom, thereof, consequently,
extravagance, opulence, wealth; (adj, superficially, apparently, outside, then, so, thereafter, thenceforth,
n) delicacy, gratification, elegance; seemingly, without, ostensibly, since, on account of.
 Jane Austen 327

on my guard--at least, it may be something to live for. Marianne to be sure is lost

to me for ever. Were I even by any blessed chance at liberty again--"
Elinor stopped him with a reproof.%
"Well,"--he replied--"once more good bye. I shall now go away and live in
dread of one event."
"What do you mean?"
"Your sister's marriage."
"You are very wrong. She can never be more lost to you than she is now."
"But she will be gained by some one else. And if that some one should be the
very he whom, of all others, I could least bear--but I will not stay to rob myself of
all your compassionate goodwill, by shewing that where I have most injured I
can least forgive. Good bye,--God bless you!"
And with these words, he almost ran out of the room.

Thesaurus
else: (adv) besides, yet, to boot, in insulted, defective, prejudiced; (n) myself, in my opinion. ANTONYMS:
addition, moreover; (pron) another; casualty. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adv) universally, generally.
(n) or; (adj) different, other, further, uninjured, unaffected, well. stay: (adj, n, v) remain; (n, v) rest, prop,
additional. least: (n) minimum; (adj) smallest, stop, delay, abide, continue, pause,
goodwill: (n) friendship, friendliness, minimal, littlest, lowest, insignificant, endure, halt, support. ANTONYMS:
amity, grace, kindness, benevolence, minutest, negligible; (adj, n) smallest (v) change, abscond, depart, move,
altruism, readiness, favour, amount; (adv) at least, fully. disappear, become, go.
neighborliness, sympathy. ANTONYMS: (adj) maximum, stopped: (adj) stopped up, stoped,
ANTONYMS: (n) hostility, malice, greatest; (adj, adv) most. congested, unmoving, stop, finished,
opposition, malevolence. myself: (pron) me, itself, herself, stopen, stopt, blocked, stopping,
injured: (adj) hurt, broken, wounded, oneself, themselves, yourself; (n) I, stops. ANTONYMS: (adj) unstopped,
affected, damaged, pained, offended, yourselves; (adv) in person, for moving.
 Jane Austen 329

CHAPTER 45

Elinor, for some time after he left her, for some time even after the sound of
his carriage had died away, remained too much oppressed by a crowd of ideas,
widely differing in themselves, but of which sadness was the general result, to
think even of her sister.%
Willoughby, he, whom only half an hour ago she had abhorred as the most
worthless of men, Willoughby, in spite of all his faults, excited a degree of
commiseration for the sufferings produced by them, which made her think of
him as now separated for ever from her family, with a tenderness, a regret, rather
in proportion, as she soon acknowledged within herself--to his wishes than to his
merits. She felt that his influence over her mind was heightened by
circumstances which ought not in reason to have weight; by that person of
uncommon attraction, that open, affectionate, and lively manner which it was no
merit to possess; and by that still ardent love for Marianne, which it was not even
innocent to indulge. But she felt that it was so, long, long before she could feel
his influence less.
When at last she returned to the unconscious Marianne, she found her just
awaking, refreshed by so long and sweet a sleep to the extent of her hopes.
Elinor's heart was full. The past, the present, the future, Willoughby's visit,
Marianne's safety, and her mother's expected arrival, threw her altogether into
an agitation of spirits which kept off every indication of fatigue, and made her

awaking: (n) waking, awakening.
commiseration: (n) pity, compassion,
sympathy, condolence, ruth, mercy,
commiserate, bowels, consolation,
fellow feeling, acknowledgement.
differing: (adj) divergent, opposite,
disagreeing, different, diverse,
heretical, dissonant, dissentaneous,
discrepant; (adv) differingly; (n)
divergence. ANTONYMS: (adj)
similar, parallel.
indulge: (n, v) gratify, humor; (v)
Thesaurus
coddle, cosset, baby, pamper, spoil,
satisfy, please, mollycoddle, cocker.
ANTONYMS: (v) frustrate, deprive,
stifle, neglect, deny, displease, fast.
refreshed: (adj) invigorated,
rejuvenated, reinvigorated, new,
novel, revived, impudent, energizing,
overbold, energising, clean.
ANTONYM: (adj) tired.
uncommon: (adj) extraordinary,
peculiar, scarce, singular, strange,
special, exceptional, infrequent, odd,
unusual, unaccustomed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) typical, usual,
normal, familiar, poor, ordinary, bad,
imperfect, customary, accustomed,
frequent.
worthless: (adj, v) futile, vain; (adj)
vile, idle, empty, trifling, void, trivial,
cheap, miserable, null. ANTONYMS:
(adj) precious, useful, worthwhile,
priceless, meaningful, helpful,
invaluable, deserving, valid, worthy,
substantial.
330 Sense and Sensibility

only fearful of betraying herself to her sister. Short was the time, however, in
which that fear could affect her, for within half an hour after Willoughby's
leaving the house, she was again called down stairs by the sound of another
carriage.--Eager to save her mother from every unnecessary moment's horrible
suspense, she ran immediately into the hall, and reached the outward door just
in time to receive and support her as she entered it.%
Mrs. Dashwood, whose terror as they drew near the house had produced
almost the conviction of Marianne's being no more, had no voice to inquire after
her, no voice even for Elinor; but she, waiting neither for salutation nor inquiry,
instantly gave the joyful relief;-- and her mother, catching it with all her usual
warmth, was in a moment as much overcome by her happiness, as she had been
before by her fears. She was supported into the drawing-room between her
daughter and her friend;-- and there, shedding tears of joy, though still unable to
speak, embraced Elinor again and again, turning from her at intervals to press
Colonel Brandon's hand, with a look which spoke at once her gratitude, and her
conviction of his sharing with herself in the bliss of the moment. He shared it,
however, in a silence even greater than her own.
As soon as Mrs. Dashwood had recovered herself, to see Marianne was her
first desire; and in two minutes she was with her beloved child, rendered dearer
to her than ever by absence, unhappiness, and danger. Elinor's delight, as she
saw what each felt in the meeting, was only checked by an apprehension of its
robbing Marianne of farther sleep;-- but Mrs. Dashwood could be calm, could be
even prudent, when the life of a child was at stake, and Marianne, satisfied in
knowing her mother was near her, and conscious of being too weak for
conversation, submitted readily to the silence and quiet prescribed by every
nurse around her. Mrs. Dashwood would sit up with her all night; and Elinor, in
compliance with her mother's entreaty, went to bed. But the rest, which one
night entirely sleepless, and many hours of the most wearing anxiety seemed to
make requisite, was kept off by irritation of spirits. Willoughby, "poor
Willoughby," as she now allowed herself to call him, was constantly in her
thoughts; she would not but have heard his vindication for the world, and now

bliss: (n) happiness, joy, ecstasy,
pleasure, paradise, blessedness,
felicity, elation, beatitude, heaven,
blessing. ANTONYMS: (n) misery,
sorrow, agony, grief, anguish,
sadness, suffering, gloom, hell,
dissatisfaction.
embraced: (adj) popular.
irritation: (n) exasperation, anger,
annoyance, displeasure, bother,
excitation, temper, excitement,
irritability, vexation, annoying.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (n) satisfaction, balm,
calm, calmness, equanimity, patience.
joyful: (adj) gay, glad, elated, cheerful,
gleeful, cheery, delighted, joyous,
jolly, blissful, blithe. ANTONYMS:
(adj) miserable, sorrowful, unhappy,
despairing, unpleasant, staid, sorry,
disappointed, depressed, heavy.
outward: (adj) external, apparent,
extrinsic, outer, superficial, surface,
outside, ostensible, foreign, outdoor;
(adv) out. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv)
inward; (adj) inner, internal, deep.
prescribed: (adj) set, appointed,
formal, official, positive, decreed,
rigid, definite, fixed, obstinate, legal.
ANTONYM: (adj) informal.
terror: (n, v) alarm, scare; (adj, n)
dread, awe; (n) fear, dismay,
consternation, horror, panic,
apprehension, scourge.
ANTONYMS: (n) peace, security,
delight, calm, confidence.
 Jane Austen 331

blamed, now acquitted herself for having judged him so harshly before. But her
promise of relating it to her sister was invariably painful. She dreaded the
performance of it, dreaded what its effect on Marianne might be; doubted
whether after such an explanation she could ever be happy with another; and for
a moment wished Willoughby a widower. Then, remembering Colonel Brandon,
reproved herself, felt that to his sufferings and his constancy far more than to his
rival's, the reward of her sister was due, and wished any thing rather than Mrs.
Willoughby's death.%
The shock of Colonel Brandon's errand at Barton had been much softened to
Mrs. Dashwood by her own previous alarm; for so great was her uneasiness
about Marianne, that she had already determined to set out for Cleveland on that
very day, without waiting for any further intelligence, and had so far settled her
journey before his arrival, that the Careys were then expected every moment to
fetch Margaret away, as her mother was unwilling to take her where there might
be infection.
Marianne continued to mend every day, and the brilliant cheerfulness of Mrs.
Dashwood's looks and spirits proved her to be, as she repeatedly declared
herself, one of the happiest women in the world. Elinor could not hear the
declaration, nor witness its proofs without sometimes wondering whether her
mother ever recollected Edward. But Mrs. Dashwood, trusting to the temperate
account of her own disappointment which Elinor had sent her, was led away by
the exuberance of her joy to think only of what would increase it. Marianne was
restored to her from a danger in which, as she now began to feel, her own
mistaken judgment in encouraging the unfortunate attachment to Willoughby,
had contributed to place her;-- and in her recovery she had yet another source of
joy unthought of by Elinor. It was thus imparted to her, as soon as any
opportunity of private conference between them occurred.
"At last we are alone. My Elinor, you do not yet know all my happiness.
Colonel Brandon loves Marianne. He has told me so himself."
Her daughter, feeling by turns both pleased and pained, surprised and not
surprised, was all silent attention.

acquitted: (adj) not guilty, guiltless; (v) misery.
acquit, absolved.
errand: (n) chore, mission, job, task,
assignment, embassy, duty, charge,
messenger, communication, work.
exuberance: (adj, n) abundance; (n)
copiousness, ebullience, happiness,
life, affluence, spirit, excess,
overflow, joy; (adj) plenty.
ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, shortage,
scarcity, listlessness, lethargy,
depression, boredom, sadness,
Thesaurus
harshly: (adv) roughly, severely,
sternly, sharply, cruelly, hoarsely,
strictly, pitilessly, rigorously, rigidly;
(adj, adv) piercingly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) softly, harmoniously, quietly,
gently, elaborately, leniently,
smoothly, tolerantly, cheerfully,
loosely, pleasantly.
looks: (n) aspect, countenance,
expression, manner, complexion,
fashion, costume, garb.
mend: (adj, v) improve; (v) correct,
cure, heal, doctor, better, amend,
restore, convalesce; (n, v) fix, patch.
ANTONYMS: (v) worsen, tear,
smash, decline, deteriorate; (n)
fracture.
reproved: (adj) reprimanded,
chastened, admonished.
unthought: (adj) unintentional,
inadvertent, unexpected.
widower: (n) adult male, widowman,
man.
332 Sense and Sensibility

"You are never like me, dear Elinor, or I should wonder at your composure
now. Had I sat down to wish for any possible good to my family, I should have
fixed on Colonel Brandon's marrying one of you as the object most desirable.
And I believe Marianne will be the most happy with him of the two."
Elinor was half inclined to ask her reason for thinking so, because satisfied
that none founded on an impartial consideration of their age, characters, or
feelings, could be given;--but her mother must always be carried away by her
imagination on any interesting subject, and therefore instead of an inquiry, she
passed it off with a smile.%
"He opened his whole heart to me yesterday as we travelled. It came out
quite unawares, quite undesignedly. I, you may well believe, could talk of
nothing but my child;--he could not conceal his distress; I saw that it equalled my
own, and he perhaps, thinking that mere friendship, as the world now goes,
would not justify so warm a sympathy--or rather, not thinking at all, I suppose--
giving way to irresistible feelings, made me acquainted with his earnest, tender,
constant, affection for Marianne. He has loved her, my Elinor, ever since the first
moment of seeing her."
Here, however, Elinor perceived,--not the language, not the professions of
Colonel Brandon, but the natural embellishments of her mother's active fancy,
which fashioned every thing delightful to her as it chose.
"His regard for her, infinitely surpassing anything that Willoughby ever felt
or feigned, as much more warm, as more sincere or constant--which ever we are
to call it-- has subsisted through all the knowledge of dear Marianne's unhappy
prepossession for that worthless young man!--and without selfishness--without
encouraging a hope!--could he have seen her happy with another--Such a noble
mind!-- such openness, such sincerity!--no one can be deceived in him."
"Colonel Brandon's character," said Elinor, "as an excellent man, is well
established."
"I know it is"--replied her mother seriously, "or after such a warning, I should
be the last to encourage such affection, or even to be pleased by it. But his

embellishments: (n) trimmings,
arrangements, added extras, fixing,
trappings.
fancy: (n, v) desire, fantasy, caprice,
dream, wish, daydream; (v) imagine,
consider; (adj, v) conceive; (n)
conception, conceit. ANTONYMS: (n)
reality, certainty, actuality,
conviction; (adj) unadorned,
common; (v) hate, demonstrate,
detest, disapprove, test.
noble: (adj, n) grand, glorious,
Thesaurus
patrician; (adj) imposing, impressive,
elevated, majestic, generous, high;
(adj, v) dignified, great. ANTONYMS:
(adj) shameful, humble, dishonorable,
lowly, lowborn, disgraceful,
unimpressive, ignoble, modest, petty;
(n) lady.
openness: (n) honesty, frankness,
freedom, sincerity, candor,
sociability, truth, forthrightness,
exposure, receptivity, convenience.
ANTONYMS: (n) furtiveness,
hostility, secretiveness, reserve,
dishonesty, confidentiality, closeness,
caginess, resistance, reticence,
caution.
unawares: (adv) suddenly, pop,
plump, abruptly, a l'improviste,
unaware, all at once, unexpectedly,
inadvertently; (adj) unwary,
unsuspecting. ANTONYMS: (adj)
prepared; (adv) knowingly,
consciously.
 Jane Austen 333

coming for me as he did, with such active, such ready friendship, is enough to
prove him one of the worthiest of men."%
"His character, however," answered Elinor, "does not rest on one act of
kindness, to which his affection for Marianne, were humanity out of the case,
would have prompted him. To Mrs. Jennings, to the Middletons, he has been
long and intimately known; they equally love and respect him; and even my own
knowledge of him, though lately acquired, is very considerable; and so highly do
I value and esteem him, that if Marianne can be happy with him, I shall be as
ready as yourself to think our connection the greatest blessing to us in the world.
What answer did you give him?--Did you allow him to hope?"
"Oh! my love, I could not then talk of hope to him or to myself. Marianne
might at that moment be dying. But he did not ask for hope or encouragement.
His was an involuntary confidence, an irrepressible effusion to a soothing
friend--not an application to a parent. Yet after a time I did say, for at first I was
quite overcome--that if she lived, as I trusted she might, my greatest happiness
would lie in promoting their marriage; and since our arrival, since our delightful
security, I have repeated it to him more fully, have given him every
encouragement in my power. Time, a very little time, I tell him, will do
everything;--Marianne's heart is not to be wasted for ever on such a man as
Willoughby.-- His own merits must soon secure it."
"To judge from the Colonel's spirits, however, you have not yet made him
equally sanguine."
"No.--He thinks Marianne's affection too deeply rooted for any change in it
under a great length of time, and even supposing her heart again free, is too
diffident of himself to believe, that with such a difference of age and disposition
he could ever attach her. There, however, he is quite mistaken. His age is only
so much beyond hers as to be an advantage, as to make his character and
principles fixed;--and his disposition, I am well convinced, is exactly the very one
to make your sister happy. And his person, his manners too, are all in his favour.
My partiality does not blind me; he certainly is not so handsome as Willoughby--
but at the same time, there is something much more pleasing in his countenance.-

blessing: (n) benediction, approval,
mercy, felicity, benison, benefit, luck, willing.
advantage, boon, bless, godsend.
ANTONYMS: (n) curse, misfortune,
disaster, condemnation, adversity,
desecration, refusal, veto,
disadvantage.
involuntary: (adj) instinctive,
unconscious, unintentional, forced,
mechanical, unthinking, reluctant,
unwilling, compulsory, inadvertent,
accidental. ANTONYMS: (adj)
Thesaurus
voluntary, intentional, intended,
irrepressible: (adj) uncontrollable,
uncontainable, unmanageable,
wanton, inextinguishable, rampant,
effervescent; (v) ungovernable,
volcanic, stanchless, simmering.
ANTONYM: (adj) orderly.
rooted: (adj, v) fixed; (adj) ingrained,
immovable, inveterate, firm, set,
frozen, riveted, irremovable; (v)
imbedded, posited.
soothing: (adj) calming, soft, smooth,
pacifying, quiet, restful, bland, calm,
assuasive; (adj, n) softening; (n)
alleviation. ANTONYMS: (adj)
upsetting, disturbing, hostile, scary,
worrying, stimulating, exasperating,
annoying, invigorating, painful,
intimidating.
trusted: (adj) intimate, confidential,
sure, bosom, beloved, cherished,
familiar, trustworthy, indisputable,
trusty, reliable.
334 Sense and Sensibility

- There was always a something,--if you remember,--in Willoughby's eyes at

times, which I did not like."
Elinor could not remember it;--but her mother, without waiting for her assent,
continued,
"And his manners, the Colonel's manners are not only more pleasing to me
than Willoughby's ever were, but they are of a kind I well know to be more
solidly attaching to Marianne. Their gentleness, their genuine attention to other
people, and their manly unstudied simplicity is much more accordant with her
real disposition, than the liveliness--often artificial, and often ill-timed of the
other. I am very sure myself, that had Willoughby turned out as really amiable,
as he has proved himself the contrary, Marianne would yet never have been so
happy with him, as she will be with Colonel Brandon."
She paused.--Her daughter could not quite agree with her, but her dissent
was not heard, and therefore gave no offence.%
"At Delaford, she will be within an easy distance of me," added Mrs.
Dashwood, "even if I remain at Barton; and in all probability,--for I hear it is a
large village,--indeed there certainly must be some small house or cottage close
by, that would suit us quite as well as our present situation."
Poor Elinor!--here was a new scheme for getting her to Delaford!--but her
spirit was stubborn.
"His fortune too!--for at my time of life you know, everybody cares about
that;--and though I neither know nor desire to know, what it really is, I am sure it
must be a good one."
Here they were interrupted by the entrance of a third person, and Elinor
withdrew to think it all over in private, to wish success to her friend, and yet in
wishing it, to feel a pang for Willoughby.

Thesaurus
accordant: (adj) consonant, consistent, consent, concurrence, accord, solidly: (adv) steadfastly, substantially,
compatible, congruous, conformable, compliance. strongly, stably, steadily, stoutly,
agreeable, concordant, consentient, eyes: (n) sight, eye, vision, view, baby compactly, soundly, securely,
unanimous, suitable; (adj, v) blues, guard, propensity, eyen. sturdily, consistently. ANTONYMS:
congenial. ANTONYM: (adj) simplicity: (n) plainness, simpleness, (adv) feebly, unreliably, weakly,
discordant. easiness, ease, clarity, austerity, sparsely.
dissent: (n, v) discord, dispute, gullibility, severity, artlessness, unstudied: (adj) natural, careless,
protest; (n) dissension, difference, ignorance; (adj, n) inexperience. uncontrived, unaffected, informal,
conflict, objection; (v) disagree, differ, ANTONYMS: (n) difficulty, unsophisticated, candid, unmindful,
object, contradict. ANTONYMS: (v) complexity, ambiguity, magnificence, unexplored; (v) unexamined,
assent, endorse, concur, comply, sophistication, dishonesty, clutter, unweighed. ANTONYM: (adj)
approve, sanction; (n) agreement, warmth. affected.
 Jane Austen 335

CHAPTER 46

Marianne's illness, though weakening in its kind, had not been long enough
to make her recovery slow; and with youth, natural strength, and her mother's
presence in aid, it proceeded so smoothly as to enable her to remove, within four
days after the arrival of the latter, into Mrs. Palmer's dressing-room. When there,
at her own particular request, for she was impatient to pour forth her thanks to
him for fetching her mother, Colonel Brandon was invited to visit her.%
His emotion on entering the room, in seeing her altered looks, and in
receiving the pale hand which she immediately held out to him, was such, as, in
Elinor's conjecture, must arise from something more than his affection for
Marianne, or the consciousness of its being known to others; and she soon
discovered in his melancholy eye and varying complexion as he looked at her
sister, the probable recurrence of many past scenes of misery to his mind,
brought back by that resemblance between Marianne and Eliza already
acknowledged, and now strengthened by the hollow eye, the sickly skin, the
posture of reclining weakness, and the warm acknowledgment of peculiar
obligation.
Mrs. Dashwood, not less watchful of what passed than her daughter, but
with a mind very differently influenced, and therefore watching to very different
effect, saw nothing in the Colonel's behaviour but what arose from the most
simple and self-evident sensations, while in the actions and words of Marianne

hollow: (adj, n) blank; (n) cavity,
depression, cave, dell; (adj) empty,
false; (adj, n, v) concave; (n, v)
excavate, dent, scoop. ANTONYMS:
(adj) convex, sincere, true, full,
meaningful, cramped, valid; (n)
hump, bump, hill, lump.
reclining: (adj, v) leaning; (adj)
recumbent, decumbent, accumbent,
lying, lying down, obligatory, idle,
prone, prostrate; (n) relaxation.
recurrence: (n) return, repetition,
Thesaurus
frequency, reversion, comeback,
relapse, reiteration, reappearance,
throwback, recrudescence, atavism.
self-evident: (adj) axiomatic, obvious,
apparent, demonstrable, perspicuous,
proverbial, unquestionable.
strengthened: (adj) consolidated,
sinewed, made firm, comfortable,
built, strong, equipped.
watchful: (adj) alert, observant,
careful, cautious, wary, attentive,
wakeful, mindful, circumspect,
sleepless, awake. ANTONYMS: (adj)
inattentive, negligent, oblivious,
forgetful, careless, asleep, trusting,
unprepared, reckless.
weakening: (adj) enfeebling,
enervating, debilitative, flagging; (n)
exhaustion, decline, enfeeblement,
enervation, debilitation, attenuation,
attrition. ANTONYMS: (n)
strengthening, restoration,
improvement; (adj) growing,
increasing.
336 Sense and Sensibility

she persuaded herself to think that something more than gratitude already
dawned.%
At the end of another day or two, Marianne growing visibly stronger every
twelve hours, Mrs. Dashwood, urged equally by her own and her daughter's
wishes, began to talk of removing to Barton. On her measures depended those of
her two friends; Mrs. Jennings could not quit Cleveland during the Dashwoods'
stay; and Colonel Brandon was soon brought, by their united request, to consider
his own abode there as equally determinate, if not equally indispensable. At his
and Mrs. Jennings's united request in return, Mrs. Dashwood was prevailed on
to accept the use of his carriage on her journey back, for the better
accommodation of her sick child; and the Colonel, at the joint invitation of Mrs.
Dashwood and Mrs. Jennings, whose active good-nature made her friendly and
hospitable for other people as well as herself, engaged with pleasure to redeem
it by a visit at the cottage, in the course of a few weeks.
The day of separation and departure arrived; and Marianne, after taking so
particular and lengthened a leave of Mrs. Jennings, one so earnestly grateful, so
full of respect and kind wishes as seemed due to her own heart from a secret
acknowledgment of past inattention, and bidding Colonel Brandon farewell with
a cordiality of a friend, was carefully assisted by him into the carriage, of which
he seemed anxious that she should engross at least half. Mrs. Dashwood and
Elinor then followed, and the others were left by themselves, to talk of the
travellers, and feel their own dullness, till Mrs. Jennings was summoned to her
chaise to take comfort in the gossip of her maid for the loss of her two young
companions; and Colonel Brandon immediately afterwards took his solitary way
to Delaford.
The Dashwoods were two days on the road, and Marianne bore her journey
on both, without essential fatigue. Every thing that the most zealous affection,
the most solicitous care could do to render her comfortable, was the office of
each watchful companion, and each found their reward in her bodily ease, and
her calmness of spirits. To Elinor, the observation of the latter was particularly
grateful. She, who had seen her week after week so constantly suffering,

bidding: (n) behest, order, dictate,
charge, bid, request, call, dictation,
direction, fiat; (adj) imperative.
determinate: (adj) definitive,
conclusive, certain, clear, special,
decided, final, fixed; (v) absolute,
unqualified, express. ANTONYM:
(adj) indeterminate.
dullness: (n) apathy, bluntness,
boredom, dreariness, flatness,
tedium, obtuseness, torpor,
monotony, lethargy; (adj, n) phlegm.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (n) brightness, save, free, extricate, refund.
intensity, brilliance, excitement, ANTONYMS: (v) hock, pawn, lose.
intelligence, shine, asperity, render: (v) interpret, explain, give,
animation, gloss, clarity, variation. offer, furnish, pay, construe, return,
hospitable: (adj) affable, receptive, provide, impart, translate.
gracious, cordial, generous, amiable, visibly: (adv) apparently, noticeably,
convivial, genial, pleasant, warm, to manifestly, obviously, plainly,
enjoy having guests. ANTONYMS: perceptibly, appreciably, clearly,
(adj) unwelcoming, inhospitable, discernibly, overtly, conspicuously.
sinister, hostile. ANTONYMS: (adv) imperceptibly,
redeem: (v) recover, deliver, atone, invisibly, secretly, ambiguously.
recoup, expiate, ransom, reclaim,
 Jane Austen 337

oppressed by anguish of heart which she had neither courage to speak of, nor
fortitude to conceal, now saw with a joy, which no other could equally share, an
apparent composure of mind, which, in being the result as she trusted of serious
reflection, must eventually lead her to contentment and cheerfulness.%
As they approached Barton, indeed, and entered on scenes of which every
field and every tree brought some peculiar, some painful recollection, she grew
silent and thoughtful, and turning away her face from their notice, sat earnestly
gazing through the window. But here, Elinor could neither wonder nor blame;
and when she saw, as she assisted Marianne from the carriage, that she had been
crying, she saw only an emotion too natural in itself to raise any thing less tender
than pity, and in its unobtrusiveness entitled to praise. In the whole of her
subsequent manner, she traced the direction of a mind awakened to reasonable
exertion; for no sooner had they entered their common sitting-room, than
Marianne turned her eyes around it with a look of resolute firmness, as if
determined at once to accustom herself to the sight of every object with which
the remembrance of Willoughby could be connected.--She said little, but every
sentence aimed at cheerfulness, and though a sigh sometimes escaped her, it
never passed away without the atonement of a smile. After dinner she would try
her piano-forte. She went to it; but the music on which her eye first rested was an
opera, procured for her by Willoughby, containing some of their favourite duets,
and bearing on its outward leaf her own name in his hand-writing.--That would
not do.--She shook her head, put the music aside, and after running over the keys
for a minute, complained of feebleness in her fingers, and closed the instrument
again; declaring however with firmness as she did so, that she should in future
practice much.
The next morning produced no abatement in these happy symptoms. On the
contrary, with a mind and body alike strengthened by rest, she looked and spoke
with more genuine spirit, anticipating the pleasure of Margaret's return, and
talking of the dear family party which would then be restored, of their mutual
pursuits and cheerful society, as the only happiness worth a wish.

abatement: (n) rebate, deduction,
discount, reprieve, abate, break,
interruption, decrease, suspension,
subsidence; (n, v) reduction.
accustom: (v) acquaint, habituate,
season, adjust, teach, acclimate,
harden, adapt, inure, train, custom.
aimed: (adj) directed, pointed,
expected, designed, meant.
anticipating: (v) anticipate; (adj)
pregnant, anticipant, hopeful, ready, leaf: (n) page, folio, foliage, petal,
oracular.
Thesaurus
crying: (adj, v) exigent, instant,
pressing, urgent; (adj) insistent,
clamant, imperative, blatant; (n)
weeping; (v) weep; (adj, n) sniveling.
feebleness: (n) weakness, frailty,
decrepitude, faintness, imbecility,
fragility, tenuity, languor, frailness;
(adj, n) infirmity; (adj) feeble.
ANTONYMS: (n) perseverance,
success, effectiveness, competence.
frond, leafage, slip, verdure, leaflet;
(n, v) sheet; (v) leave.
peculiar: (adj) particular, odd,
exceptional, different, extraordinary,
curious, eccentric, characteristic,
anomalous, abnormal, distinctive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) normal, typical,
common, universal, explicable,
conventional.
rested: (adj) comfortable.
traced: (adj) graphic.
unobtrusiveness: (n)
inconspicuousness, modesty.
338 Sense and Sensibility

"When the weather is settled, and I have recovered my strength," said she,
"we will take long walks together every day. We will walk to the farm at the
edge of the down, and see how the children go on; we will walk to Sir John's new
plantations at Barton Cross, and the Abbeyland; and we will often go the old
ruins of the Priory, and try to trace its foundations as far as we are told they once
reached. I know we shall be happy. I know the summer will pass happily away.
I mean never to be later in rising than six, and from that time till dinner I shall
divide every moment between music and reading. I have formed my plan, and
am determined to enter on a course of serious study. Our own library is too well
known to me, to be resorted to for any thing beyond mere amusement. But there
are many works well worth reading at the Park; and there are others of more
modern production which I know I can borrow of Colonel Brandon. By reading
only six hours a-day, I shall gain in the course of a twelve-month a great deal of
instruction which I now feel myself to want."
Elinor honoured her for a plan which originated so nobly as this; though
smiling to see the same eager fancy which had been leading her to the extreme of
languid indolence and selfish repining, now at work in introducing excess into
a scheme of such rational employment and virtuous self-control. Her smile
however changed to a sigh when she remembered that promise to Willoughby
was yet unfulfilled, and feared she had that to communicate which might again
unsettle the mind of Marianne, and ruin at least for a time this fair prospect of
busy tranquillity. Willing therefore to delay the evil hour, she resolved to wait
till her sister's health were more secure, before she appointed it. But the
resolution was made only to be broken.%
Marianne had been two or three days at home, before the weather was fine
enough for an invalid like herself to venture out. But at last a soft, genial
morning appeared; such as might tempt the daughter's wishes and the mother's
confidence; and Marianne, leaning on Elinor's arm, was authorised to walk as
long as she could without fatigue, in the lane before the house.
The sisters set out at a pace, slow as the feebleness of Marianne in an exercise
hitherto untried since her illness required;--and they had advanced only so far

a-day: (n) target date.
genial: (adj) cheerful, bright, affable,
cordial, amiable, nice, friendly,
convivial, warm, agreeable, suave.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disagreeable,
hostile, mean, discourteous, frosty,
gloomy, reserved, unapproachable,
abominable.
indolence: (n) laziness, inaction,
lethargy, inertia, inactivity,
listlessness, slowness, torpor,
sluggishness, apathy; (adj, n) sloth.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (n) energy,
nimbleness, activity, bustle,
liveliness, vigor.
introducing: (n) introduction.
repining: (n) regret, plaintive,
lamenting, mourning, grief,
mournful; (v) taking on; (adj)
regretful.
unfulfilled: (adj) wanting,
unsuccessful, unsatisfied, unrealized, untouched; (v) undetermined.
unrealised, unhappy, dissatisfied,
displeased, discontented.
unsettle: (v) perturb, confuse,
discompose, unnerve, disconcert,
ruffle, trouble, disorder, discomfit,
upset, derange. ANTONYMS: (v)
settle, smooth, reassure, order,
balance, compose, soothe.
untried: (adj) raw, new, untested,
unseasoned, fresh, untrodden,
unsalted, young, unverified,
ANTONYMS: (adj) proven, seasoned,
familiar, experienced.
 Jane Austen 339

beyond the house as to admit a full view of the hill, the important hill behind,
when pausing with her eyes turned towards it, Marianne calmly said,
"There, exactly there,"--pointing with one hand, "on that projecting mound,--
there I fell; and there I first saw Willoughby."
Her voice sunk with the word, but presently reviving she added,
"I am thankful to find that I can look with so little pain on the spot!--shall we
ever talk on that subject, Elinor?"-- hesitatingly it was said.--"Or will it be
wrong?--I can talk of it now, I hope, as I ought to do."--
Elinor tenderly invited her to be open.%
"As for regret," said Marianne, "I have done with that, as far as he is
concerned. I do not mean to talk to you of what my feelings have been for him,
but what they are now.--At present, if I could be satisfied on one point, if I could
be allowed to think that he was not always acting a part, not always deceiving
me;--but above all, if I could be assured that he never was so very wicked as my
fears have sometimes fancied him, since the story of that unfortunate girl"--
She stopt. Elinor joyfully treasured her words as she answered,
"If you could be assured of that, you think you should be easy."
"Yes. My peace of mind is doubly involved in it;-- for not only is it horrible to
suspect a person, who has been what he has been to me, of such designs,--but
what must it make me appear to myself?--What in a situation like mine, but a
most shamefully unguarded affection could expose me to"--
"How then," asked her sister, "would you account for his behaviour?"
"I would suppose him,--Oh, how gladly would I suppose him, only fickle,
very, very fickle."
Elinor said no more. She was debating within herself on the eligibility of
beginning her story directly, or postponing it till Marianne were in stronger
health;-- and they crept on for a few minutes in silence.

doubly: (adv) twice, twofold, two
times, in two ways, dualistically.
fears: (n) worries, uncertainties,
doubts, qualms, misgivings.
fickle: (adj, v) erratic, skittish; (adj)
volatile, capricious, mercurial,
mobile, variable, inconsistent,
shifting, giddy, inconstant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) untiring, stable,
unchanging, consistent, constant,
dependable, predictable, placid,
loyal, faithful.
Thesaurus
projecting: (adj) projected, protruding, beloved, loved, valued, appreciated,
jutting, protrusive, pendent; (adj, v) favorite, etched in your mind,
overhanging, jutting over, salient; (v) esteemed, invited. ANTONYM: (adj)
beetling, protuberant, convex. unremarkable.
shamefully: (adv) ignominiously, unguarded: (adj) vulnerable,
ingloriously, scandalously, incautious, defenseless, careless,
infamously, shockingly, unprotected, exposed, insecure,
discreditably, basely, outrageously; undefended; (v) thoughtless,
(adv, v) dishonorably, foully, nastily. thriftless, shiftless. ANTONYMS:
ANTONYMS: (adv) commendably, (adj) thoughtful, careful, safe,
compassionately, nobly. guarded, armed, invulnerable,
treasured: (adj) precious, prized, dear, secure.
340 Sense and Sensibility

"I am not wishing him too much good," said Marianne at last with a sigh,
"when I wish his secret reflections may be no more unpleasant than my own. He
will suffer enough in them."%
"Do you compare your conduct with his?"
"No. I compare it with what it ought to have been; I compare it with yours."
"Our situations have borne little resemblance."
"They have borne more than our conduct.--Do not, my dearest Elinor, let
your kindness defend what I know your judgment must censure. My illness has
made me think-- It has given me leisure and calmness for serious recollection.
Long before I was enough recovered to talk, I was perfectly able to reflect. I
considered the past: I saw in my own behaviour, since the beginning of our
acquaintance with him last autumn, nothing but a series of imprudence towards
myself, and want of kindness to others. I saw that my own feelings had prepared
my sufferings, and that my want of fortitude under them had almost led me to
the grave. My illness, I well knew, had been entirely brought on by myself by
such negligence of my own health, as I had felt even at the time to be wrong.
Had I died,--it would have been self-destruction. I did not know my danger till
the danger was removed; but with such feelings as these reflections gave me, I
wonder at my recovery,--wonder that the very eagerness of my desire to live, to
have time for atonement to my God, and to you all, did not kill me at once. Had
I died,-- in what peculiar misery should I have left you, my nurse, my friend, my
sister!--You, who had seen all the fretful selfishness of my latter days; who had
known all the murmurings of my heart!--How should I have lived in your
remembrance!--My mother too! How could you have consoled her!--I cannot
express my own abhorrence of myself. Whenever I looked towards the past, I
saw some duty neglected, or some failing indulged. Every body seemed injured
by me. The kindness, the unceasing kindness of Mrs. Jennings, I had repaid with
ungrateful contempt. To the Middletons, to the Palmers, the Steeles, to every
common acquaintance even, I had been insolent and unjust; with a heart
hardened against their merits, and a temper irritated by their very attention.--To
John, to Fanny,--yes, even to them, little as they deserve, I had given less than

compare: (adj, v) liken; (v) confront,
equate, to compare, associate,
contrast, correlate, equalize,
resemble, equal; (n, v) comparison.
ANTONYMS: (v) imbalance, contrast.
contempt: (n, v) scorn; (v) despise; (n)
disrespect, derision, mockery,
disregard, ridicule, shame, slight,
reproach, discourtesy. ANTONYMS:
(n) approval, admiration, regard,
honor, esteem.
fretful: (adj, v) querulous; (adj) restless,
Thesaurus
anxious, testy, sullen, irritable,
impatient, uneasy, petulant, fidgety,
crabbed. ANTONYM: (adj) carefree.
insolent: (adj) impertinent, abusive,
disrespectful, impudent, fresh,
arrogant, brazen, defiant, offensive,
brassy, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj)
respectful, modest, gracious, meek,
submissive.
neglected: (adj) dilapidated,
disregarded, ignored, deserted,
derelict, forsaken, obsolete,
antiquated, antique, shabby,
unnoticed. ANTONYM: (adj)
salubrious.
negligence: (n) carelessness,
disregard, dereliction, inattention,
indifference, delinquency,
heedlessness, neglectfulness, laches,
inattentiveness, laxity. ANTONYMS:
(n) attention, diligence, vigilance,
caution, carefulness, concern,
exactness, thoughtfulness, regard,
decency, concentration.
 Jane Austen 341

their due. But you,--you above all, above my mother, had been wronged by me.
I, and only I, knew your heart and its sorrows; yet to what did it influence me?--
not to any compassion that could benefit you or myself.--Your example was
before me; but to what avail?--Was I more considerate of you and your comfort?
Did I imitate your forbearance, or lessen your restraints, by taking any part in
those offices of general complaisance or particular gratitude which you had
hitherto been left to discharge alone?--No;-- not less when I knew you to be
unhappy, than when I had believed you at ease, did I turn away from every
exertion of duty or friendship; scarcely allowing sorrow to exist but with me,
regretting only that heart which had deserted and wronged me, and leaving you,
for or I professed an unbounded affection, to be miserable for my sake."%
Here ceased the rapid flow of her self-reproving spirit; and Elinor, impatient
to soothe, though too honest to flatter, gave her instantly that praise and support
which her frankness and her contrition so well deserved. Marianne pressed her
hand and replied,
"You are very good.--The future must be my proof. I have laid down my plan,
and if I am capable of adhering to it--my feelings shall be governed and my
temper improved. They shall no longer worry others, nor torture myself. I shall
now live solely for my family. You, my mother, and Margaret, must henceforth
be all the world to me; you will share my affections entirely between you. From
you, from my home, I shall never again have the smallest incitement to move;
and if I do mix in other society, it will be only to shew that my spirit is humbled,
my heart amended, and that I can practise the civilities, the lesser duties of life,
with gentleness and forbearance. As for Willoughby--to say that I shall soon or
that I shall ever forget him, would be idle. His remembrance can be overcome by
no change of circumstances or opinions. But it shall be regulated, it shall be
checked by religion, by reason, by constant employment."
She paused--and added in a low voice, "If I could but know his heart,
everything would become easy."
Elinor, who had now been for some time reflecting on the propriety or
impropriety of speedily hazarding her narration, without feeling at all nearer

adhering: (adj, v) adhesive; (n)
adherence; (adj) partisan; (prep) on;
(v) cohesive.
hazarding: (n) exacta, gaming, daily
double; (adj) wagering.
henceforth: (adv) hence, in future,
after this; (adj) following.
humbled: (adj) humble, humiliated,
crushed, depressed, dispirited,
abased, broken in, abject, ashamed;
(n) humbler; (v) apart.
imitate: (n, v) duplicate; (v) forge, ape, so-called, purported.
Thesaurus
emulate, follow, feign, counterfeit,
mimic, mock, assume, act.
incitement: (n) impetus, incentive,
incitation, encouragement,
fomentation, stimulus, stimulation,
provocation, motive, impulse; (n, v)
goad. ANTONYMS: (n) prevention,
deterrent, disincentive.
professed: (adj) alleged, declared,
apparent, avowed, pretended,
seeming, supposed, affected, feigned,
regulated: (adj) ordered, arranged,
consistent, lawful, temperate, not
haphazard, organized; (adv) in time,
in harmony, keeping pace, keeping
up.
restraints: (n) manacles, fetters, chains.
unbounded: (adj) immeasurable,
limitless, endless, infinite, immense,
measureless, unlimited, vast,
illimitable, unmeasured, absolute.
wronged: (adj) upset, hurt, indignant,
offended.
342 Sense and Sensibility

decision than at first, heard this; and perceiving that as reflection did nothing,
resolution must do all, soon found herself leading to the fact.%
She managed the recital, as she hoped, with address; prepared her anxious
listener with caution; related simply and honestly the chief points on which
Willoughby grounded his apology; did justice to his repentance, and softened
only his protestations of present regard. Marianne said not a word.--She
trembled, her eyes were fixed on the ground, and her lips became whiter than
even sickness had left them. A thousand inquiries sprung up from her heart, but
she dared not urge one. She caught every syllable with panting eagerness; her
hand, unknowingly to herself, closely pressed her sister's, and tears covered her
cheeks.
Elinor, dreading her being tired, led her towards home; and till they reached
the door of the cottage, easily conjecturing what her curiosity must be though no
question was suffered to speak it, talked of nothing but Willoughby, and their
conversation together; and was carefully minute in every particular of speech
and look, where minuteness could be safely indulged. As soon as they entered
the house, Marianne with a kiss of gratitude and these two words just articulate
through her tears, "Tell mama," withdrew from her sister and walked slowly up
stairs. Elinor would not attempt to disturb a solitude so reasonable as what she
now sought; and with a mind anxiously pre-arranging its result, and a resolution
of reviving the subject again, should Marianne fail to do it, she turned into the
parlour to fulfill her parting injunction.

Thesaurus
articulate: (v) speak, pronounce, utter, learned, cognizant, familiar, stuck; (v) palpitation; (n) heaving, gasp,
vocalize, voice, state, say, joint, shipwrecked, swamped, nonsuited, asthma, heave, puff.
enunciate, express; (adj) eloquent. wrecked, cast away. repentance: (n) contrition, penance,
ANTONYMS: (adj) incoherent, listener: (n, v) auditor; (n) remorse, regret, compunction,
unintelligible, illogical, eavesdropper, audience, observer, sorrow, guilt, contriteness, grief,
misrepresented, mumbled, unclear, perceiver, hearkener, attender, attrition, atonement. ANTONYMS:
unarticulated; (v) mumble, attendee, attendant, beholder. (n) shamelessness, brazenness.
disconnect, misrepresent, misspeak. minuteness: (n) diminutiveness, unknowingly: (adv) inadvertently,
cheeks: (n) Gemini, twins, couple, smallness, attention to detail, unconsciously, ignorantly,
posterior, pair, deuce, two, duet. petiteness, tininess, weeness. unawarely, unweetingly, naively,
dreading: (adj) anxious. panting: (adj) gasping, breathless, unawares. ANTONYMS: (adv)
grounded: (adj) stranded, confined, blown, winded, puffed; (v) mindfully, wittingly, deliberately.
 Jane Austen 343

CHAPTER 47

Mrs. Dashwood did not hear unmoved the vindication of her former
favourite. She rejoiced in his being cleared from some part of his imputed guilt;--
she was sorry for him;--she wished him happy. But the feelings of the past could
not be recalled.--Nothing could restore him with a faith unbroken--a character
unblemished, to Marianne. Nothing could do away the knowledge of what the
latter had suffered through his means, nor remove the guilt of his conduct
towards Eliza. Nothing could replace him, therefore, in her former esteem, nor
injure the interests of Colonel Brandon.%
Had Mrs. Dashwood, like her daughter, heard Willoughby's story from
himself--had she witnessed his distress, and been under the influence of his
countenance and his manner, it is probable that her compassion would have
been greater. But it was neither in Elinor's power, nor in her wish, to rouse such
feelings in another, by her retailed explanation, as had at first been called forth in
herself. Reflection had given calmness to her judgment, and sobered her own
opinion of Willoughby's deserts;-- she wished, therefore, to declare only the
simple truth, and lay open such facts as were really due to his character, without
any embellishment of tenderness to lead the fancy astray.
In the evening, when they were all three together, Marianne began
voluntarily to speak of him again;-- but that it was not without an effort, the
restless, unquiet thoughtfulness in which she had been for some time previously

astray: (adj, adv) adrift, off course; (adj) blemish, wound, insult; (adj, v) abuse.
lost, wrong, disoriented, awry; (adv)
amiss, widely, far, afield, aside.
ANTONYM: (adj) accurate.
embellishment: (n) decoration,
adornment, ornament, flourish,
ornamentation, enhancement,
enrichment, beautification,
embroidery, garnish, hyperbole.
ANTONYM: (n) understatement.
injure: (n, v) damage, harm, impair;
(v) contuse, disfigure, maim, bruise,
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (v) heal, enable, repair,
protect, help.
unblemished: (adj) clean, perfect,
faultless, pure, immaculate,
blameless, clear, irreproachable,
unspotted, untarnished, flawless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) blemished,
flawed, marked, imperfect, used,
marred, guilty, infirm.
unmoved: (adj) apathetic, unaffected,
indifferent, unconcerned,
unimpressed, uninspired,
dispassionate, imperturbable, calm,
undisturbed, fixed. ANTONYMS:
(adj) affected, compliant, uptight,
concerned, enthusiastic, tolerant,
sensitive.
unquiet: (adj) restless, anxious,
nervous, turbulent, unsettled,
disturbed, fussy, tumultuous; (v)
movable, saltatory, shifting.
ANTONYM: (adj) quiet.
344 Sense and Sensibility

sitting--her rising colour, as she spoke,-- and her unsteady voice, plainly
shewed.%
"I wish to assure you both," said she, "that I see every thing--as you can desire
me to do."
Mrs. Dashwood would have interrupted her instantly with soothing
tenderness, had not Elinor, who really wished to hear her sister's unbiased
opinion, by an eager sign, engaged her silence. Marianne slowly continued--
"It is a great relief to me--what Elinor told me this morning--I have now heard
exactly what I wished to hear."--For some moments her voice was lost; but
recovering herself, she added, and with greater calmness than before--"I am now
perfectly satisfied, I wish for no change. I never could have been happy with
him, after knowing, as sooner or later I must have known, all this.--I should have
had no confidence, no esteem. Nothing could have done it away to my feelings."
"I know it--I know it," cried her mother. "Happy with a man of libertine
practices!--With one who so injured the peace of the dearest of our friends, and
the best of men!--No--my Marianne has not a heart to be made happy with such a
man!--Her conscience, her sensitive conscience, would have felt all that the
conscience of her husband ought to have felt."
Marianne sighed, and repeated, "I wish for no change."
"You consider the matter," said Elinor, "exactly as a good mind and a sound
understanding must consider it; and I dare say you perceive, as well as myself,
not only in this, but in many other circumstances, reason enough to be convinced
that your marriage must have involved you in many certain troubles and
disappointments, in which you would have been poorly supported by an
affection, on his side, much less certain. Had you married, you must have been
always poor. His expensiveness is acknowledged even by himself, and his
whole conduct declares that self-denial is a word hardly understood by him. His
demands and your inexperience together, on a small, very small income, must
have brought on distresses which would not be the less grievous to you, from
having been entirely unknown and unthought of before. Your sense of honour

expensiveness: (n) dearness,
sumptuosity, sumptuousness, cost,
luxury, lavishness.
inexperience: (adj) inexperienced,
indexterity, incomprehension,
inability; (adj, n) simplicity; (n)
freshness, innocence, ignorance,
newness, callowness, unfamiliarity.
ANTONYMS: (n) skillfulness,
sophistication, wisdom.
poorly: (adv) inadequately, meanly,
bad, meagrely, unfortunately,
Thesaurus
insufficiently, imperfectly; (adj, adv)
ill, sickly; (adj, v) indisposed, sick.
ANTONYMS: (adv) opulently,
satisfactorily, graciously, clearly,
fully, excellently, perfectly,
outstandingly, affluently, smartly;
(adj) healthy.
self-denial: (n) renunciation,
abstinence, austerity, restraint,
temperance.
unbiased: (adj) impartial, indifferent,
neutral, just, equitable, disinterested,
candid, unprejudiced, evenhanded,
detached, objective. ANTONYMS:
(adj) biased, prejudiced, partisan, fair,
discriminatory, partial, reactionary,
subjective, unfair, involved.
unsteady: (adj) insecure, changeable,
dizzy, unbalanced, rickety, unsettled,
shaky, unsound, precarious, uneven;
(adj, n) uncertain. ANTONYMS: (adj)
steady, stable, alert, firm, secure,
constant.
 Jane Austen 345

and honesty would have led you, I know, when aware of your situation, to
attempt all the economy that would appear to you possible: and, perhaps, as
long as your frugality retrenched only on your own comfort, you might have
been suffered to practice it, but beyond that-- and how little could the utmost of
your single management do to stop the ruin which had begun before your
marriage?-- Beyond that, had you endeavoured, however reasonably, to abridge
his enjoyments, is it not to be feared, that instead of prevailing on feelings so
selfish to consent to it, you would have lessened your own influence on his heart,
and made him regret the connection which had involved him in such
difficulties?"%
Marianne's lips quivered, and she repeated the word "Selfish?" in a tone that
implied--"do you really think him selfish?"
"The whole of his behaviour," replied Elinor, "from the beginning to the end
of the affair, has been grounded on selfishness. It was selfishness which first
made him sport with your affections; which afterwards, when his own were
engaged, made him delay the confession of it, and which finally carried him
from Barton. His own enjoyment, or his own ease, was, in every particular, his
ruling principle."
"It is very true. my happiness never was his object."
"At present," continued Elinor, "he regrets what he has done. And why does
he regret it?--Because he finds it has not answered towards himself. It has not
made him happy. His circumstances are now unembarrassed--he suffers from
no evil of that kind; and he thinks only that he has married a woman of a less
amiable temper than yourself. But does it follow that had he married you, he
would have been happy?--The inconveniences would have been different. He
would then have suffered under the pecuniary distresses which, because they
are removed, he now reckons as nothing. He would have had a wife of whose
temper he could make no complaint, but he would have been always
necessitous--always poor; and probably would soon have learned to rank the
innumerable comforts of a clear estate and good income as of far more
importance, even to domestic happiness, than the mere temper of a wife."

Thesaurus
abridge: (v) abbreviate, cut, reduce, evil: (adj) bad, criminal, corrupt, temperance. ANTONYMS: (n)
condense, contract, summarize, cut wicked, destructive, depraved; (adj, wastefulness, generosity, indulgence.
short, compress, truncate; (adj, v) n) ill, detriment; (n) adversity, innumerable: (adj) countless,
curtail, abstract. ANTONYMS: (v) disaster, depravity. ANTONYMS: (n) numberless, incalculable,
lengthen, augment, increase, extend, goodness, righteousness, morality; multitudinous, infinite, innumerous,
enlarge, broaden, amplify, add, pad, (adj) kindhearted, righteous, benign, unnumbered, uncounted, myriad,
supplement, elaborate. moral, pure, upright, virtuous, immeasurable, untold. ANTONYM:
complaint: (n) charge, ailment, sinless. (adj) finite.
disease, affection, whine, disorder, frugality: (n) thrift, parsimony, pecuniary: (adj) financial, fiscal,
wail, complain, plaint, protest, thriftiness, frugalness, carefulness, commercial, economic, nummulary,
sickness. ANTONYMS: (n) abstinence, austerity, prudence, sumptuary, numismatical, pecunial,
compliment, commendation, health. simplicity, parsimoniousness, crumenal.
346 Sense and Sensibility

"I have not a doubt of it," said Marianne; "and I have nothing to regret--
nothing but my own folly."
"Rather say your mother's imprudence, my child," said Mrs. Dashwood; "she
must be answerable."
Marianne would not let her proceed;--and Elinor, satisfied that each felt their
own error, wished to avoid any survey of the past that might weaken her sister's
spirits; she, therefore, pursuing the first subject, immediately continued,
"One observation may, I think, be fairly drawn from the whole of the story--
that all Willoughby's difficulties have arisen from the first offence against virtue,
in his behaviour to Eliza Williams. That crime has been the origin of every lesser
one, and of all his present discontents."
Marianne assented most feelingly to the remark; and her mother was led by it
to an enumeration of Colonel Brandon's injuries and merits, warm as friendship
and design could unitedly dictate. Her daughter did not look, however, as if
much of it were heard by her.%
Elinor, according to her expectation, saw on the two or three following days,
that Marianne did not continue to gain strength as she had done; but while her
resolution was unsubdued, and she still tried to appear cheerful and easy, her
sister could safely trust to the effect of time upon her health.
Margaret returned, and the family were again all restored to each other,
again quietly settled at the cottage; and if not pursuing their usual studies with
quite so much vigour as when they first came to Barton, at least planning a
vigorous prosecution of them in future.
Elinor grew impatient for some tidings of Edward. She had heard nothing of
him since her leaving London, nothing new of his plans, nothing certain even of
his present abode. Some letters had passed between her and her brother, in
consequence of Marianne's illness; and in the first of John's, there had been this
sentence:-- "We know nothing of our unfortunate Edward, and can make no
enquiries on so prohibited a subject, but conclude him to be still at Oxford;"
which was all the intelligence of Edward afforded her by the correspondence, for

Thesaurus
dictate: (n, v) command, charge, order, tidings: (n) intelligence, information, vigour: (n) force, strength, vigor,
decree; (n) bidding, behest, edict; (v) message, report, word, advice, energy, power, potency, vim, vitality,
bid, prescribe, rule, ordain. communication, dispute, wind, athleticism, verve, intensity.
ANTONYMS: (v) request, ask, statement, tiding. weaken: (n, v) dilute; (v) lessen,
record; (n, v) obey. unitedly: (adv) together, conjointly, diminish, debilitate, break, attenuate,
enumeration: (n) count, counting, collectively, conjunctly, connectedly, relax, undermine, enervate, thin; (adj,
computation, list, calculation, combinedly, incorporatedly, joinedly, v) enfeeble. ANTONYMS: (v) bolster,
catalogue, recital, account, tally, in concert, in collaboration, grow, escalate, increase, refresh,
reckoning, listing. unanimously. improve, enhance, continue,
margaret: (n) madge, mag. unsubdued: (adj) unbroken, condense, concentrate, boost.
pursuing: (n) pursuit, search, hunt; continuous. ANTONYM: (adj)
(adj) coming, engaged. subdued.
 Jane Austen 347

his name was not even mentioned in any of the succeeding letters. She was not
doomed, however, to be long in ignorance of his measures.%
Their man-servant had been sent one morning to Exeter on business; and
when, as he waited at table, he had satisfied the inquiries of his mistress as to the
event of his errand, this was his voluntary communication--
"I suppose you know, ma'am, that Mr. Ferrars is married."
Marianne gave a violent start, fixed her eyes upon Elinor, saw her turning
pale, and fell back in her chair in hysterics. Mrs. Dashwood, whose eyes, as she
answered the servant's inquiry, had intuitively taken the same direction, was
shocked to perceive by Elinor's countenance how much she really suffered, and a
moment afterwards, alike distressed by Marianne's situation, knew not on which
child to bestow her principal attention.
The servant, who saw only that Miss Marianne was taken ill, had sense
enough to call one of the maids, who, with Mrs. Dashwood's assistance,
supported her into the other room. By that time, Marianne was rather better, and
her mother leaving her to the care of Margaret and the maid, returned to Elinor,
who, though still much disordered, had so far recovered the use of her reason
and voice as to be just beginning an inquiry of Thomas, as to the source of his
intelligence. Mrs. Dashwood immediately took all that trouble on herself; and
Elinor had the benefit of the information without the exertion of seeking it.
"Who told you that Mr. Ferrars was married, Thomas?"
"I see Mr. Ferrars myself, ma'am, this morning in Exeter, and his lady too,
Miss Steele as was. They was stopping in a chaise at the door of the New
London Inn, as I went there with a message from Sally at the Park to her brother,
who is one of the post-boys. I happened to look up as I went by the chaise, and
so I see directly it was the youngest Miss Steele; so I took off my hat, and she
knew me and called to me, and inquired after you, ma'am, and the young ladies,
especially Miss Marianne, and bid me I should give her compliments and Mr.
Ferrars's, their best compliments and service, and how sorry they was they had
not time to come on and see you, but they was in a great hurry to go forwards,

disordered: (adj) chaotic, upset, sick,
disorganized, broken, incoherent,
deranged, messy, disjointed,
disconnected, ill. ANTONYMS: (adj)
neat, ordered, organized, arranged,
quiet, regulated, systematic,
systematized, straightforward, tidy.
doomed: (adj, v) destined, fated,
undone; (adj) condemned, cursed,
unlucky, unfortunate, inevitable,
predetermined, ruined; (n) lost.
ANTONYMS: (adj) auspicious,
Thesaurus
delivered, hopeful, redeemed,
revived, saved, successful.
forwards: (adv) ahead, forth, onwards,
onward, before, fore, forrader, forrad,
forrard, on, in advance.
ANTONYMS: (adv) back, behind.
intelligence: (n) cleverness, intellect,
news, tidings, understanding,
acumen, mentality, knowledge,
brains, comprehension, brainpower.
ANTONYMS: (n) stupidity, emotion,
slowness, foolishness, ineptness.
intuitively: (adv) impulsively,
viscerally, unconsciously,
automatically, mechanically,
inbornly, inherently, innately,
involuntarily, nonrationally,
perceptively.
stopping: (n) stoppage, cessation,
shutdown, padding, fillet,
suspension, stay, discontinuance,
abeyance, interruption; (adv)
haltingly.
348 Sense and Sensibility

for they was going further down for a little while, but howsever, when they
come back, they'd make sure to come and see you."
"But did she tell you she was married, Thomas?"
"Yes, ma'am. She smiled, and said how she had changed her name since she
was in these parts. She was always a very affable and free-spoken young lady,
and very civil behaved. So, I made free to wish her joy."
"Was Mr. Ferrars in the carriage with her?"
"Yes, ma'am, I just see him leaning back in it, but he did not look up;--he
never was a gentleman much for talking."
Elinor's heart could easily account for his not putting himself forward; and
Mrs. Dashwood probably found the same explanation.%
"Was there no one else in the carriage?"
"No, ma'am, only they two."
"Do you know where they came from?"
"They come straight from town, as Miss Lucy-- Mrs. Ferrars told me."
"And are they going farther westward?"
"Yes, ma'am--but not to bide long. They will soon be back again, and then
they'd be sure and call here."
Mrs. Dashwood now looked at her daughter; but Elinor knew better than to
expect them. She recognised the whole of Lucy in the message, and was very
confident that Edward would never come near them. She observed in a low
voice, to her mother, that they were probably going down to Mr. Pratt's, near
Plymouth.
Thomas's intelligence seemed over. Elinor looked as if she wished to hear
more.
"Did you see them off, before you came away?"
"No, ma'am--the horses were just coming out, but I could not bide any
longer; I was afraid of being late."

account: (n) narrative, score, tale,
reckoning, narration, description,
tally, tab, reason; (n, v) regard, report.
bide: (v) abide, await, endure, bear,
remain, last, dwell; (adj, v) tarry, wait;
(adj) tolerate, stand. ANTONYMS: (v)
go, move, hurry.
confident: (adj) bold, brave, secure,
sanguine, audacious, forward,
fearless; (adj, v) certain, positive, sure;
(adj, n) hopeful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
insecure, timid, pessimistic,
Thesaurus
frightened, anxious, unsure, hesitant, partiality; (n) propensity, bias,
unintelligent, doubtful, diffident, tendency, incline, lean; (adj) tilted,
bland. canted, inclined. ANTONYMS: (n)
gentleman: (n) gent, Mr, male, antipathy, dislike; (adj) upright.
patrician, sir, adult male, esquire, observed: (adj) ascertained, empirical,
sahib, gentlemen; (adj) gentilhomme, discovered, viewed, experimental,
gentlemanly. experiential, determined, visual,
horses: (n) stock, equidae, domestic disclosed.
animals, cattle, extinct animals, asses, recognised: (adj) recognized,
pigs, sheep, family equidae, farm undisputed, received, noted, known,
animals, force. established, certified, acceptable,
leaning: (adj, n) bent, disposition, accepted.
 Jane Austen 349

"Did Mrs. Ferrars look well?"

"Yes, ma'am, she said how she was very well; and to my mind she was
always a very handsome young lady--and she seemed vastly contented."
Mrs. Dashwood could think of no other question, and Thomas and the
tablecloth, now alike needless, were soon afterwards dismissed. Marianne had
already sent to say, that she should eat nothing more. Mrs. Dashwood's and
Elinor's appetites were equally lost, and Margaret might think herself very well
off, that with so much uneasiness as both her sisters had lately experienced, so
much reason as they had often had to be careless of their meals, she had never
been obliged to go without her dinner before.%
When the dessert and the wine were arranged, and Mrs. Dashwood and
Elinor were left by themselves, they remained long together in a similarity of
thoughtfulness and silence. Mrs. Dashwood feared to hazard any remark, and
ventured not to offer consolation. She now found that she had erred in relying
on Elinor's representation of herself; and justly concluded that every thing had
been expressly softened at the time, to spare her from an increase of
unhappiness, suffering as she then had suffered for Marianne. She found that
she had been misled by the careful, the considerate attention of her daughter, to
think the attachment, which once she had so well understood, much slighter in
reality, than she had been wont to believe, or than it was now proved to be. She
feared that under this persuasion she had been unjust, inattentive, nay, almost
unkind, to her Elinor;-- that Marianne's affliction, because more acknowledged,
more immediately before her, had too much engrossed her tenderness, and led
her away to forget that in Elinor she might have a daughter suffering almost as
much, certainly with less self-provocation, and greater fortitude.

Thesaurus
dessert: (n) sweet, afters, pudding, regardless, inconsiderate, mindless, kinship, parallel, identity,
ambrosia, blancmange, compote, inadvertent; (adj, v) remiss. conformity, parity, semblance,
confectionery, confection; (v) bait, ANTONYMS: (adj) attentive, alert, sameness, affinity, comparison.
bever, dejeuner. observant, carefree, cautious, ANTONYMS: (n) difference, contrast,
expressly: (adv) specially, particularly, conscientious, considerate, diligent, disparity, isolation.
distinctly, specifically, explicitly, prudent. slighter: (adj) smaller, less.
especially, utterly, clearly, precisely, misled: (adj) fooled, undirected, false, tablecloth: (n) duster, napery, rag,
telly, exactly. ANTONYMS: (adv) bewildered, confused, erroneous, table linen.
ambiguously, conditionally, mistaken, misleading, misdirected, wont: (adj, n) use, custom, usage; (n)
implicitly, indirectly, vaguely. led astray, incorrect. practice, tradition, cleanliness,
inattentive: (adj) negligent, neglectful, relying: (adj) dependent. assuetude, assuefaction, convention,
forgetful, reckless, careless, unaware, similarity: (n) parallelism, likeness, rut; (v) practise.
 Jane Austen 351

CHAPTER 48

Elinor now found the difference between the expectation of an unpleasant

event, however certain the mind may be told to consider it, and certainty itself.
She now found, that in spite of herself, she had always admitted a hope, while
Edward remained single, that something would occur to prevent his marrying
Lucy; that some resolution of his own, some mediation of friends, or some more
eligible opportunity of establishment for the lady, would arise to assist the
happiness of all. But he was now married; and she condemned her heart for the
lurking flattery, which so much heightened the pain of the intelligence.%
That he should be married soon, before (as she imagined) he could be in
orders, and consequently before he could be in possession of the living,
surprised her a little at first. But she soon saw how likely it was that Lucy, in her
self-provident care, in her haste to secure him, should overlook every thing but
the risk of delay. They were married, married in town, and now hastening down
to her uncle's. What had Edward felt on being within four miles from Barton, on
seeing her mother's servant, on hearing Lucy's message!
They would soon, she supposed, be settled at Delaford.--Delaford,--that place
in which so much conspired to give her an interest; which she wished to be
acquainted with, and yet desired to avoid. She saw them in an instant in their
parsonage-house; saw in Lucy, the active, contriving manager, uniting at once a
desire of smart appearance with the utmost frugality, and ashamed to be

Thesaurus
certainty: (n) assurance, sureness, consequently: (adv) therefore, considered, delayed, slow.
certain, trust, confidence, fact, subsequently, as a result, then, lurking: (n) ambush; (adj) snaky,
reliability, surety, security, reality, sequentially, followingly, so, backstair, backstairs, clandestine,
certitude. ANTONYMS: (n) doubt, naturally, in consequence, hence; concealed, dormant, latent, potential,
unpredictability, indecisiveness, (conj) ergo. skulking, sneaky.
skepticism, unknown, idealism, contriving: (adj) designing, deep, mediation: (n) arbitration,
vagueness, fantasy, feeling, calculating, shifty. intervention, intercession, agency,
hesitation, insecurity. instant: (adj, n) present; (adj) intermediation, propitiation,
condemned: (adj) censured, convicted, immediate, prompt; (n) flash, minute, interposition, negotiation, atonement,
doomed, destined, appropriated, jiffy, point, second; (adj, v) exigent; mediate, bring together to an
taken, taken over, fated, seized, (adj, n, v) pressing, urgent. agreement. ANTONYM: (n)
predestined; (adj, v) guilty. ANTONYMS: (n) age, eternity; (adj) provocation.
352 Sense and Sensibility

suspected of half her economical practices;-- pursuing her own interest in every
thought, courting the favour of Colonel Brandon, of Mrs. Jennings, and of every
wealthy friend. In Edward--she knew not what she saw, nor what she wished to
see;--happy or unhappy,--nothing pleased her; she turned away her head from
every sketch of him.%
Elinor flattered herself that some one of their connections in London would
write to them to announce the event, and give farther particulars,--but day after
day passed off, and brought no letter, no tidings. Though uncertain that any one
were to blame, she found fault with every absent friend. They were all
thoughtless or indolent.
"When do you write to Colonel Brandon, ma'am?" was an inquiry which
sprung from the impatience of her mind to have something going on.
"I wrote to him, my love, last week, and rather expect to see, than to hear
from him again. I earnestly pressed his coming to us, and should not be
surprised to see him walk in today or tomorrow, or any day."
This was gaining something, something to look forward to. Colonel Brandon
must have some information to give.
Scarcely had she so determined it, when the figure of a man on horseback
drew her eyes to the window. He stopt at their gate. It was a gentleman, it was
Colonel Brandon himself. Now she could hear more; and she trembled in
expectation of it. But--it was not Colonel Brandon--neither his air--nor his height.
Were it possible, she must say it must be Edward. She looked again. He had just
dismounted;--she could not be mistaken,--it was Edward. She moved away and
sat down. "He comes from Mr. Pratt's purposely to see us. I will be calm; I will be
mistress of myself."
In a moment she perceived that the others were likewise aware of the
mistake. She saw her mother and Marianne change colour; saw them look at
herself, and whisper a few sentences to each other. She would have given the
world to be able to speak--and to make them understand that she hoped no

courting: (n) wooing, courtship,
bundling, appeal, attraction, case,
causa, cause, flirtation, suit.
economical: (adj) prudent, economic,
cheap, inexpensive, provident,
sparing, careful, saving, cautious;
(adj, n) frugal; (n) economy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) expensive,
spendthrift, extravagant, wasteful,
costly, lavish, uneconomical, fussy.
indolent: (adj) idle, lazy, slothful,
sluggish, careless, slow, dull, torpid,
Thesaurus
inert, drowsy, listless. ANTONYMS: rash, improvident; (adj) reckless,
(adj) active, industrious, vigorous, inattentive, hasty, unthinking,
diligent. negligent, neglectful, imprudent.
scarcely: (adv) narrowly, rarely, ANTONYMS: (adj) considerate,
hardly, just, scarce, uncommonly, considered, heedful, prudent, kind,
insufficiently, scantily, scantly, only cautious, mindful, responsible,
just, seldom. ANTONYMS: (adv) attentive, observant, sensible.
easily, liberally. wealthy: (adj, adv) moneyed; (adj)
sketch: (n, v) plan, outline, draft, flush, opulent, affluent, prosperous,
scheme, picture, project; (n) drawing, loaded, substantial, generous, ample,
cartoon, plot; (v) paint, draw. abundant, abounding. ANTONYMS:
thoughtless: (adj, v) careless, heedless, (adj) poor, impoverished, needy.
 Jane Austen 353

coolness, no slight, would appear in their behaviour to him;--but she had no

utterance, and was obliged to leave all to their own discretion.%
Not a syllable passed aloud. They all waited in silence for the appearance of
their visitor. His footsteps were heard along the gravel path; in a moment he was
in the passage, and in another he was before them.
His countenance, as he entered the room, was not too happy, even for Elinor.
His complexion was white with agitation, and he looked as if fearful of his
reception, and conscious that he merited no kind one. Mrs. Dashwood, however,
conforming, as she trusted, to the wishes of that daughter, by whom she then
meant in the warmth of her heart to be guided in every thing, met with a look of
forced complacency, gave him her hand, and wished him joy.
He coloured, and stammered out an unintelligible reply. Elinor's lips had
moved with her mother's, and, when the moment of action was over, she wished
that she had shaken hands with him too. But it was then too late, and with a
countenance meaning to be open, she sat down again and talked of the weather.
Marianne had retreated as much as possible out of sight, to conceal her
distress; and Margaret, understanding some part, but not the whole of the case,
thought it incumbent on her to be dignified, and therefore took a seat as far from
him as she could, and maintained a strict silence.
When Elinor had ceased to rejoice in the dryness of the season, a very awful
pause took place. It was put an end to by Mrs. Dashwood, who felt obliged to
hope that he had left Mrs. Ferrars very well. In a hurried manner, he replied in
the affirmative.
Another pause.
Elinor resolving to exert herself, though fearing the sound of her own voice,
now said,
"Is Mrs. Ferrars at Longstaple?"
"At Longstaple!" he replied, with an air of surprise.-- "No, my mother is in
town."

affirmative: (adj) positive, affirmatory,
assertive, ratifying, concurring; (adv)
yes; (n) affirmation, avowal,
assenting; (adj, v) predicatory,
declaratory. ANTONYMS: (adj)
dissenting; (n) no.
conforming: (v) conform; (adj) parallel,
like, congruent, according, seemly,
respectable, relevant, proper; (n)
accordance, matching.
coolness: (n) chill, cool, composure,
assurance, cold, calmness, alienation,
Thesaurus
frigidity, equanimity, chilliness,
poise. ANTONYMS: (n) friendliness, deserved.
panic, approachability, mustiness,
turbulence, agitation.
dryness: (n) drought, aridity,
dehydration, aridness, thirst,
desiccation, barrenness, monotony,
status, drying, insensibility.
ANTONYMS: (n) damp, humidity,
wetness, moisture, succulence,
exaggeration, juiciness.
merited: (adj) deserved, just, suitable,
rightful, right, due; (v) due to, richly
retreated: (adj) withdrawn, people.
unintelligible: (adj) opaque,
inarticulate, unfathomable,
impenetrable, unaccountable,
ambiguous, not clear, obscure,
indistinct, inconceivable, secret.
ANTONYMS: (adj) understandable,
clear, comprehensible, intelligible,
obvious.
354 Sense and Sensibility

"I meant," said Elinor, taking up some work from the table, "to inquire for
Mrs. Edward Ferrars."
She dared not look up;--but her mother and Marianne both turned their eyes
on him. He coloured, seemed perplexed, looked doubtingly, and, after some
hesitation, said,--
"Perhaps you mean--my brother--you mean Mrs.--Mrs. Robert Ferrars."
"Mrs. Robert Ferrars!"--was repeated by Marianne and her mother in an
accent of the utmost amazement;--and though Elinor could not speak, even her
eyes were fixed on him with the same impatient wonder. He rose from his seat,
and walked to the window, apparently from not knowing what to do; took up a
pair of scissors that lay there, and while spoiling both them and their sheath by
cutting the latter to pieces as he spoke, said, in a hurried voice,
"Perhaps you do not know--you may not have heard that my brother is lately
married to--to the youngest--to Miss Lucy Steele."
His words were echoed with unspeakable astonishment by all but Elinor,
who sat with her head leaning over her work, in a state of such agitation as made
her hardly know where she was.%
"Yes," said he, "they were married last week, and are now at Dawlish."
Elinor could sit it no longer. She almost ran out of the room, and as soon as
the door was closed, burst into tears of joy, which at first she thought would
never cease. Edward, who had till then looked any where, rather than at her,
saw her hurry away, and perhaps saw-- or even heard, her emotion; for
immediately afterwards he fell into a reverie, which no remarks, no inquiries, no
affectionate address of Mrs. Dashwood could penetrate, and at last, without
saying a word, quitted the room, and walked out towards the village--leaving
the others in the greatest astonishment and perplexity on a change in his
situation, so wonderful and so sudden;--a perplexity which they had no means of
lessening but by their own conjectures.

Thesaurus
cease: (n, v) end, finish, stop; (v) quit, alleviation, contraction, abatement, envelop.
terminate, break, break off, close, mitigation, shrinking, reduction, cut; spoiling: (n) spoilage, spoilation,
conclude, discontinue, abstain. (adj) decreasing, diminishing. despoliation, deterioration,
ANTONYMS: (v) begin, start, ANTONYMS: (n) growth, detriment, erosion, indulgence,
commence, persist, stay. restoration; (adj) increasing. injury; (v) withering; (adj) easy,
doubtingly: (adv) distrustfully, penetrate: (v) bore, imbue, fathom, lenient.
skeptically, suspiciously, sceptically, infiltrate, pierce, permeate, cut, filter, unspeakable: (adj) ineffable, dreadful,
uncertainly, questioningly, interpenetrate, get through, enter. awful, terrible, inexpressible, nasty,
hesitantly, cynically, apprehensively, pieces: (n) debris, trash. horrible, atrocious, indefinable,
incredulously; (adj) doubting. sheath: (n, v) cover; (n) envelope, shocking; (adj, v) unutterable.
ANTONYM: (adv) optimistically. vagina, scabbard, blanket, casing, ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, wonderful,
lessening: (n) diminution, cutback, skin, holster, tegument; (v) sheathe, pleasant, good, lovely, bearable.
 Jane Austen 355

CHAPTER 49

Unaccountable, however, as the circumstances of his release might appear to

the whole family, it was certain that Edward was free; and to what purpose that
freedom would be employed was easily pre-determined by all;--for after
experiencing the blessings of one imprudent engagement, contracted without his
mother's consent, as he had already done for more than four years, nothing less
could be expected of him in the failure of that, than the immediate contraction of
another.%
His errand at Barton, in fact, was a simple one. It was only to ask Elinor to
marry him;--and considering that he was not altogether inexperienced in such a
question, it might be strange that he should feel so uncomfortable in the present
case as he really did, so much in need of encouragement and fresh air.
How soon he had walked himself into the proper resolution, however, how
soon an opportunity of exercising it occurred, in what manner he expressed
himself, and how he was received, need not be particularly told. This only need
be said;--that when they all sat down to table at four o'clock, about three hours
after his arrival, he had secured his lady, engaged her mother's consent, and was
not only in the rapturous profession of the lover, but, in the reality of reason and
truth, one of the happiest of men. His situation indeed was more than
commonly joyful. He had more than the ordinary triumph of accepted love to
swell his heart, and raise his spirits. He was released without any reproach to

contracted: (adj) insular, contract,
constricted, tight, bound, close,
narrow-minded, confined, brief; (v)
shrunk; (adj, v) selfish. ANTONYM:
(adj) expanded.
contraction: (n) constriction,
abridgement, condensation, shrink,
abridgment, convulsion,
compression, decrease, shrinkage,
contract, tightening. ANTONYMS:
(n) growth, extension, enlargement,
swelling.
Thesaurus
exercising: (n) calisthenics, aerobics, sharp, seasoned.
bodybuilding, conditioner, secured: (adj) secure, protected, firm,
callisthenics, employment, drill, locked, fast, bonded, bolted, barred,
practice, anaerobic exercise, example, latched, securer, obtained.
delay. swell: (n, v) rise, heave, increase,
inexperienced: (adj) naive, young, wave, billow; (v) enlarge, expand,
callow, ignorant, unsophisticated, puff, grow, bloat; (adj, n) dandy.
new, unexperienced, clumsy; (adj, v) ANTONYMS: (v) deflate, desiccate,
raw; (v) green; (n) inexperience. shrink, compress, concentrate, wane;
ANTONYMS: (adj) trained, (n, v) decline; (adj) bad, horrible,
sophisticated, skilled, shabby, awful.
knowledgeable, expert, accustomed,
356 Sense and Sensibility

himself, from an entanglement which had long formed his misery, from a
woman whom he had long ceased to love;-- and elevated at once to that security
with another, which he must have thought of almost with despair, as soon as he
had learnt to consider it with desire. He was brought, not from doubt or
suspense, but from misery to happiness;--and the change was openly spoken in
such a genuine, flowing, grateful cheerfulness, as his friends had never
witnessed in him before.%
His heart was now open to Elinor, all its weaknesses, all its errors confessed,
and his first boyish attachment to Lucy treated with all the philosophic dignity
of twenty-four.
"It was a foolish, idle inclination on my side," said he, "the consequence of
ignorance of the world-- and want of employment. Had my brother given me
some active profession when I was removed at eighteen from the care of Mr.
Pratt, I think--nay, I am sure, it would never have happened; for though I left
Longstaple with what I thought, at the time, a most unconquerable preference
for his niece, yet had I then had any pursuit, any object to engage my time and
keep me at a distance from her for a few months, I should very soon have
outgrown the fancied attachment, especially by mixing more with the world, as
in such case I must have done. But instead of having any thing to do, instead of
having any profession chosen for me, or being allowed to chuse any myself, I
returned home to be completely idle; and for the first twelvemonth afterwards I
had not even the nominal employment, which belonging to the university would
have given me; for I was not entered at Oxford till I was nineteen. I had therefore
nothing in the world to do, but to fancy myself in love; and as my mother did not
make my home in every respect comfortable, as I had no friend, no companion in
my brother, and disliked new acquaintance, it was not unnatural for me to be
very often at Longstaple, where I always felt myself at home, and was always
sure of a welcome; and accordingly I spent the greatest part of my time there
from eighteen to nineteen: Lucy appeared everything that was amiable and
obliging. She was pretty too--at least I thought so then; and I had seen so little of
other women, that I could make no comparisons, and see no defects.

boyish: (adj) young, puerile,
adolescent, youthful, babyish,
childish, girlish, kittenish, boylike,
callow, immature. ANTONYM: (adj)
mature.
entanglement: (n) snarl, complexity,
embarrassment, implication, mesh,
knot, tangle, web, perplexity, hitch;
(adj, n) involution. ANTONYMS: (n)
simplification, extrication.
mixing: (n) mix, commixture,
admixture, mixed, compounding,
Thesaurus
combination, amalgamation, mixture,
mingling, hybrid, intermixture.
philosophic: (v) platonic, staid, stayed,
stoical; (adj) thoughtful, rational,
patient, learned, ideologic,
ideological. ANTONYM: (adj)
nonphilosophical.
pursuit: (n) quest, hunt, search,
persecution, chase, career, interest,
job, business, performance,
employment.
unconquerable: (adj) insurmountable,
impregnable, insuperable, irresistible,
unbeatable, proof against, resistless,
indomitable, unquenchable,
impassable, inextinguishable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) conquerable,
feeble.
unnatural: (adj) affected, artificial,
grotesque, supernatural, forced,
abnormal, eccentric, uncanny, stilted,
mannered, anomalous. ANTONYMS:
(adj) natural, normal, real, unaffected,
commonplace, genuine, sincere.
 Jane Austen 357

Considering everything, therefore, I hope, foolish as our engagement was,

foolish as it has since in every way been proved, it was not at the time an
unnatural or an inexcusable piece of folly."
The change which a few hours had wrought in the minds and the happiness
of the Dashwoods, was such--so great--as promised them all, the satisfaction of a
sleepless night. Mrs. Dashwood, too happy to be comfortable, knew not how to
love Edward, nor praise Elinor enough, how to be enough thankful for his
release without wounding his delicacy, nor how at once to give them leisure for
unrestrained conversation together, and yet enjoy, as she wished, the sight and
society of both.%
Marianne could speak her happiness only by tears. Comparisons would
occur--regrets would arise;--and her joy, though sincere as her love for her sister,
was of a kind to give her neither spirits nor language.
But Elinor--how are her feelings to be described?--From the moment of
learning that Lucy was married to another, that Edward was free, to the moment
of his justifying the hopes which had so instantly followed, she was every thing
by turns but tranquil. But when the second moment had passed, when she
found every doubt, every solicitude removed, compared her situation with what
so lately it had been,--saw him honourably released from his former
engagement, saw him instantly profiting by the release, to address herself and
declare an affection as tender, as constant as she had ever supposed it to be,--she
was oppressed, she was overcome by her own felicity;-- and happily disposed as
is the human mind to be easily familiarized with any change for the better, it
required several hours to give sedateness to her spirits, or any degree of
tranquillity to her heart.
Edward was now fixed at the cottage at least for a week;--for whatever other
claims might be made on him, it was impossible that less than a week should be
given up to the enjoyment of Elinor's company, or suffice to say half that was to
be said of the past, the present, and the future;--for though a very few hours
spent in the hard labor of incessant talking will despatch more subjects than can
really be in common between any two rational creatures, yet with lovers it is

Thesaurus
familiarized: (adj) adjusted, familiar, justifying: (adj) extenuating, ANTONYM: (n) cheerfulness.
used to, oriented, orientated, mitigating; (n) justification, defense. tranquillity: (adj, n, v) quiet; (n)
accustomed. labor: (n, v) toil, endeavor, drudgery, serenity, quietness, relaxation,
honourably: (adv) uprightly, worthily, travail, struggle, confinement, quietude, peacefulness, calmness; (n,
honestly, creditably, commendably. childbirth, delivery, grind; (n) effort, v) repose, rest; (adj, n) stillness, calm.
incessant: (adj) endless, continual, exertion. ANTONYMS: (n, v) rest; (v) ANTONYMS: (n) noise, agitation,
everlasting, eternal, constant, relax, ignore; (n) management, movement, panic, turbulence,
continuous, perpetual, unremitting, leisure, death, relaxation. turmoil.
interminable, persistent; (adj, v) sedateness: (n) gravity, composure, wrought: (adj) shaped, done, worked,
frequent. ANTONYMS: (adj) sobriety, staidness, seriousness, worked up, formed.
intermittent, occasional, sporadic, solemnity, placidity, calm, serenity,
broken, finite. tranquillity; (n, v) calmness.
358 Sense and Sensibility

different. Between them no subject is finished, no communication is even made,

till it has been made at least twenty times over.%
Lucy's marriage, the unceasing and reasonable wonder among them all,
formed of course one of the earliest discussions of the lovers;--and Elinor's
particular knowledge of each party made it appear to her in every view, as one of
the most extraordinary and unaccountable circumstances she had ever heard.
How they could be thrown together, and by what attraction Robert could be
drawn on to marry a girl, of whose beauty she had herself heard him speak
without any admiration,--a girl too already engaged to his brother, and on whose
account that brother had been thrown off by his family--it was beyond her
comprehension to make out. To her own heart it was a delightful affair, to her
imagination it was even a ridiculous one, but to her reason, her judgment, it was
completely a puzzle.
Edward could only attempt an explanation by supposing, that, perhaps, at
first accidentally meeting, the vanity of the one had been so worked on by the
flattery of the other, as to lead by degrees to all the rest. Elinor remembered what
Robert had told her in Harley Street, of his opinion of what his own mediation in
his brother's affairs might have done, if applied to in time. She repeated it to
Edward.
"That was exactly like Robert,"--was his immediate observation.--"And that,"
he presently added, "might perhaps be in his head when the acquaintance
between them first began. And Lucy perhaps at first might think only of
procuring his good offices in my favour. Other designs might afterward arise."
How long it had been carrying on between them, however, he was equally at
a loss with herself to make out; for at Oxford, where he had remained for choice
ever since his quitting London, he had had no means of hearing of her but from
herself, and her letters to the very last were neither less frequent, nor less
affectionate than usual. Not the smallest suspicion, therefore, had ever occurred
to prepare him for what followed;--and when at last it burst on him in a letter
from Lucy herself, he had been for some time, he believed, half stupified between

Thesaurus
afterward: (adv, conj) then, after that; comprehension: (n) knowledge, embarrass; (n) enigma, riddle,
(adv) thereafter, afterwards, later, inclusion, conception, understanding, mystery, maze; (n, v) nonplus; (v)
subsequently, later on, next, soon; intelligence, grasp, wit, capacity, confound, mystify, baffle.
(adj) following; (n) future. familiarity, discernment, uptake. ANTONYMS: (v) clarify, placate,
ANTONYMS: (adv) now, previously, ANTONYMS: (n) incomprehension, explain; (n) explanation.
before. ignorance. suspicion: (n) distrust, inkling,
attraction: (n) allure, invitation, earliest: (adj) earlier, early, initial, misgiving, hunch, qualm, scruple,
affinity, appeal, charm, allurement, primordial, matutinal, original, surmise, supposition; (n, v) doubt,
lure, fascination, bait, draw, primitive, aboriginal, chief, foremost, mistrust, fear. ANTONYMS: (n)
attractiveness. ANTONYMS: (n) opening. ANTONYMS: (adj) latest, certainty, knowledge, information,
repulsion, revulsion, disgust, subsequent, contemporary. carelessness, recklessness, certitude.
aversion, repellant, drawback. puzzle: (adj, v) perplex, confuse, worked: (adj) elaborated, beaten.
 Jane Austen 359

the wonder, the horror, and the joy of such a deliverance. He put the letter into
Elinor's hands.%

"DEAR SIR,
"Being very sure I have long lost your affections, I have thought
myself at liberty to bestow my own on another, and have no doubt of
being as happy with him as I once used to think I might be with you; but
I scorn to accept a hand while the heart was another's. Sincerely wish
you happy in your choice, and it shall not be my fault if we are not
always good friends, as our near relationship now makes proper. I can
safely say I owe you no ill-will, and am sure you will be too generous to
do us any ill offices. Your brother has gained my affections entirely, and
as we could not live without one another, we are just returned from the
altar, and are now on our way to Dawlish for a few weeks, which place
your dear brother has great curiosity to see, but thought I would first
trouble you with these few lines, and shall always remain,
"Your sincere well-wisher, friend, and sister,
"LUCY FERRARS.

"I have burnt all your letters, and will return your picture the first
opportunity. Please to destroy my scrawls--but the ring with my hair
you are very welcome to keep."

Elinor read and returned it without any comment.

"I will not ask your opinion of it as a composition," said Edward.--"For
worlds would not I have had a letter of hers seen by you in former days.--In a
sister it is bad enough, but in a wife!--how I have blushed over the pages of her
writing!--and I believe I may say that since the first half year of our foolish--
business--this is the only letter I ever received from her, of which the substance
made me any amends for the defect of the style."

altar: (n) shrine, Communion table,
sanctuary, table, structure, sanctum
sanctorum, sacristy, construction,
examination hall, holy of Holies.
burnt: (adj) adust, heated, baked,
torrid, sunburnt, seared, scorched,
well done, tempered, overdone,
combust. ANTONYMS: (adj)
underdone, unburned, wet.
defect: (adj, n) blemish, imperfection,
infirmity; (n) flaw, blot, shortcoming, scorn: (v) despise, contemn, reject; (n, well-wisher: (n) friend, patron,
weakness, deficiency, scar, failing,
Thesaurus
dearth. ANTONYMS: (n) strength,
merit, faultlessness, excellence,
capability, enhancement, perfection;
(v) uphold, remain, join, embrace.
deliverance: (n) salvation, rescue,
release, freedom, escape,
emancipation, delivery, relief,
liberation, liberty, salvage.
ANTONYMS: (n) downfall,
suppression.
v) ridicule, neglect, disregard, deride, support, benefactor.
slight; (n) contempt, derision,
mockery. ANTONYMS: (n, v) respect,
praise; (v) appreciate, revere, value,
approve, admire, accept; (n)
admiration, commendation, humility.
substance: (adj, n) subject; (n) body,
significance, import, material, matter,
meaning, amount, means, gist, core.
ANTONYMS: (n) meaninglessness,
lightness, surface.
360 Sense and Sensibility

"However it may have come about," said Elinor, after a pause,--"they are
certainly married. And your mother has brought on herself a most appropriate
punishment. The independence she settled on Robert, through resentment
against you, has put it in his power to make his own choice; and she has actually
been bribing one son with a thousand a-year, to do the very deed which she
disinherited the other for intending to do. She will hardly be less hurt, I
suppose, by Robert's marrying Lucy, than she would have been by your
marrying her."
"She will be more hurt by it, for Robert always was her favourite.--She will be
more hurt by it, and on the same principle will forgive him much sooner."
In what state the affair stood at present between them, Edward knew not, for
no communication with any of his family had yet been attempted by him. He
had quitted Oxford within four and twenty hours after Lucy's letter arrived, and
with only one object before him, the nearest road to Barton, had had no leisure to
form any scheme of conduct, with which that road did not hold the most
intimate connection. He could do nothing till he were assured of his fate with
Miss Dashwood; and by his rapidity in seeking that fate, it is to be supposed, in
spite of the jealousy with which he had once thought of Colonel Brandon, in
spite of the modesty with which he rated his own deserts, and the politeness
with which he talked of his doubts, he did not, upon the whole, expect a very
cruel reception. It was his business, however, to say that he did, and he said it
very prettily. What he might say on the subject a twelvemonth after, must be
referred to the imagination of husbands and wives.%
That Lucy had certainly meant to deceive, to go off with a flourish of malice
against him in her message by Thomas, was perfectly clear to Elinor; and
Edward himself, now thoroughly enlightened on her character, had no scruple
in believing her capable of the utmost meanness of wanton ill-nature. Though
his eyes had been long opened, even before his acquaintance with Elinor began,
to her ignorance and a want of liberality in some of her opinions-- they had been
equally imputed, by him, to her want of education; and till her last letter reached
him, he had always believed her to be a well-disposed, good-hearted girl, and

Thesaurus
believing: (adj) faith, believe, faithful, ANTONYMS: (adj) puzzled, jealousness, envy, envious, alertness,
basic cognitive process, gullible, unenlightened, uninformed, distrust, contention, competition,
Catholic, religious, loyal, certain, confounded, confused, ignorant, scruple, qualm.
Christian, credent. perplexed, wild, reactionary, punishment: (n) correction, penance,
deserts: (n) desert, just deserts, due, traditional; (n) uninitiate. chastisement, fine, judgement,
compensation, comeupance. flourish: (n, v) display; (v) thrive, rebuke, retribution, reward,
disinherited: (n) disinheritance; (adj) prosper, boast, wave, brag, wield, castigation, execution; (adj, n)
homeless, unloved. boom, grow; (adj, v) bloom; (adv, v) penalty. ANTONYMS: (n)
enlightened: (adj) liberal, shake. ANTONYMS: (v) decline, persuasion, exoneration, reward.
disillusioned, progressive, cultured, struggle, deteriorate, wilt, pine, fade, rated: (adj) specified.
aware, informed, learned, lettered; flounder, decrease, dwindle. twenty: (adj) vigesimal; (n) large
(adj, v) wise; (n, v) savant; (v) shrewd. jealousy: (n) suspicion, jealous, integer, twenty dollar bill.
 Jane Austen 361

thoroughly attached to himself. Nothing but such a persuasion could have

prevented his putting an end to an engagement, which, long before the discovery
of it laid him open to his mother's anger, had been a continual source of disquiet
and regret to him.%
"I thought it my duty," said he, "independent of my feelings, to give her the
option of continuing the engagement or not, when I was renounced by my
mother, and stood to all appearance without a friend in the world to assist me. In
such a situation as that, where there seemed nothing to tempt the avarice or the
vanity of any living creature, how could I suppose, when she so earnestly, so
warmly insisted on sharing my fate, whatever it might be, that any thing but the
most disinterested affection was her inducement? And even now, I cannot
comprehend on what motive she acted, or what fancied advantage it could be to
her, to be fettered to a man for whom she had not the smallest regard, and who
had only two thousand pounds in the world. She could not foresee that Colonel
Brandon would give me a living."
"No; but she might suppose that something would occur in your favour; that
your own family might in time relent. And at any rate, she lost nothing by
continuing the engagement, for she has proved that it fettered neither her
inclination nor her actions. The connection was certainly a respectable one, and
probably gained her consideration among her friends; and, if nothing more
advantageous occurred, it would be better for her to marry you than be single."
Edward was, of course, immediately convinced that nothing could have been
more natural than Lucy's conduct, nor more self-evident than the motive of it.
Elinor scolded him, harshly as ladies always scold the imprudence which
compliments themselves, for having spent so much time with them at Norland,
when he must have felt his own inconstancy.
"Your behaviour was certainly very wrong," said she; "because--to say
nothing of my own conviction, our relations were all led away by it to fancy and
expect what, as you were then situated, could never be."

Thesaurus
advantageous: (adj) expedient, useful, extortion. ANTONYMS: (n) (n) reassurance, quiet, tranquility,
auspicious, helpful, gainful, philanthropy, benevolence, charity. serenity, calmness, optimism; (v)
serviceable, convenient, lucky, convinced: (adj, v) sure, positive, soothe, settle, relax, compose,
worthwhile, beneficial; (adj, v) confident, firm; (v) cocksure, tranquilize.
profitable. ANTONYMS: (adj) persuaded, satisfied, assured, bold; relent: (v) give, give in, melt, soften,
useless, disadvantageous, (adj) clear, definite. ANTONYMS: moderate, ease, submit, cede, relax,
detrimental, unhelpful, unfortunate, (adj) doubtful, unconvinced, capitulate; (adj) remit. ANTONYMS:
inauspicious, worthless, unpleasant. uncertain, cynical. (v) worsen, strengthen, resist, stand.
avarice: (n) cupidity, covetousness, disquiet: (v) discompose, perturb; (n, situated: (adj) set, situate, placed,
rapacity, avariciousness, avidity, v) worry, alarm, trouble, disorder, sited, fixed, laid, contextualized,
eagerness, voracity, voraciousness, dismay, discomfort, concern; (n) hardened, dictated; (v) locate; (prep)
stinginess; (adj, n) greediness; (adj) anxiety, apprehension. ANTONYMS: circumstanced.
362 Sense and Sensibility

He could only plead an ignorance of his own heart, and a mistaken

confidence in the force of his engagement.
"I was simple enough to think, that because my faith was plighted to another,
there could be no danger in my being with you; and that the consciousness of my
engagement was to keep my heart as safe and sacred as my honour. I felt that I
admired you, but I told myself it was only friendship; and till I began to make
comparisons between yourself and Lucy, I did not know how far I was got. After
that, I suppose, I was wrong in remaining so much in Sussex, and the arguments
with which I reconciled myself to the expediency of it, were no better than
these:--The danger is my own; I am doing no injury to anybody but myself."
Elinor smiled, and shook her head.%
Edward heard with pleasure of Colonel Brandon's being expected at the
Cottage, as he really wished not only to be better acquainted with him, but to
have an opportunity of convincing him that he no longer resented his giving him
the living of Delaford--"Which, at present," said he, "after thanks so ungraciously
delivered as mine were on the occasion, he must think I have never forgiven him
for offering."
Now he felt astonished himself that he had never yet been to the place. But so
little interest had be taken in the matter, that he owed all his knowledge of the
house, garden, and glebe, extent of the parish, condition of the land, and rate of
the tithes, to Elinor herself, who had heard so much of it from Colonel Brandon,
and heard it with so much attention, as to be entirely mistress of the subject.
One question after this only remained undecided, between them, one
difficulty only was to be overcome. They were brought together by mutual
affection, with the warmest approbation of their real friends; their intimate
knowledge of each other seemed to make their happiness certain--and they only
wanted something to live upon. Edward had two thousand pounds, and Elinor
one, which, with Delaford living, was all that they could call their own; for it was
impossible that Mrs. Dashwood should advance anything; and they were neither
of them quite enough in love to think that three hundred and fifty pounds a-year
would supply them with the comforts of life.
Thesaurus
expediency: (n) utility, convenience, animosity, antagonism, conflict, consecrated, divine, religious, pious,
advantage, fitness, advisability, formality, rivalry, hatred, spiritual, inviolable, blessed; (adj, v)
pertinence, expedient, benefit, detachment, distance, isolation. solemn. ANTONYMS: (adj) profane,
effectiveness, value, pertinency. glebe: (n) clod, soil, glebe-land, unconsecrated, cursed, breakable.
ANTONYMS: (n) impracticality, deanery, benefice, earth, marl, loam, ungraciously: (adv) rudely,
inconvenience, inexpedience, mold, subsoil, gravel. ungracefully, impolitely, unkindly,
unsuitability, uselessness. plead: (v) entreat, implore, beg, adjure, discourteously, uncivilly, surly,
friendship: (n) association, familiarity, petition, ask, appeal, defend, invoke, churlishly, unceremoniously,
affection, companionship, sue; (n, v) allege. ANTONYMS: (v) disrespectfully, unpleasingly.
friendliness, intimacy, company, answer, demand. ANTONYM: (adv) graciously.
attachment, relationship; (n, v) amity, plighted: (adj) intended, engaged.
concord. ANTONYMS: (n) hostility, sacred: (adj) holy, hallowed, dedicated,
 Jane Austen 363

Edward was not entirely without hopes of some favourable change in his
mother towards him; and on that he rested for the residue of their income. But
Elinor had no such dependence; for since Edward would still be unable to marry
Miss Morton, and his chusing herself had been spoken of in Mrs. Ferrars's
flattering language as only a lesser evil than his chusing Lucy Steele, she feared
that Robert's offence would serve no other purpose than to enrich Fanny.%
About four days after Edward's arrival Colonel Brandon appeared, to
complete Mrs. Dashwood's satisfaction, and to give her the dignity of having, for
the first time since her living at Barton, more company with her than her house
would hold. Edward was allowed to retain the privilege of first comer, and
Colonel Brandon therefore walked every night to his old quarters at the Park;
from whence he usually returned in the morning, early enough to interrupt the
lovers' first tete-a-tete before breakfast.
A three weeks' residence at Delaford, where, in his evening hours at least, he
had little to do but to calculate the disproportion between thirty-six and
seventeen, brought him to Barton in a temper of mind which needed all the
improvement in Marianne's looks, all the kindness of her welcome, and all the
encouragement of her mother's language, to make it cheerful. Among such
friends, however, and such flattery, he did revive. No rumour of Lucy's marriage
had yet reached him:--he knew nothing of what had passed; and the first hours
of his visit were consequently spent in hearing and in wondering. Every thing
was explained to him by Mrs. Dashwood, and he found fresh reason to rejoice in
what he had done for Mr. Ferrars, since eventually it promoted the interest of
Elinor.
It would be needless to say, that the gentlemen advanced in the good opinion
of each other, as they advanced in each other's acquaintance, for it could not be
otherwise. Their resemblance in good principles and good sense, in disposition
and manner of thinking, would probably have been sufficient to unite them in
friendship, without any other attraction; but their being in love with two sisters,
and two sisters fond of each other, made that mutual regard inevitable and
immediate, which might otherwise have waited the effect of time and judgment.

Thesaurus
comer: (n) newcomer, arriver, traveler, beautify, ornament, develop, fatten, ANTONYMS: (v) demoralize, kill,
traveller, contender, competitor, endow, better, cultivate; (n) slay, stagnate, abandon, die, drain.
competition, visitor, whiz kid, Young enrichment. ANTONYMS: (v) rumour: (n, v) rumor; (n) hearsay,
Turk; (adj) fresh. impoverish, cheapen, degenerate, fame, news, story, reputation,
disproportion: (n) inequality, reduce, deplete, deteriorate. scuttlebutt, tale; (v) bruit.
discrepancy, difference, imbalance, residue: (adj, n) remainder, remains, unite: (v) associate, meet, connect,
inadequacy, incongruity, irregularity, residual; (n) balance, rest, leftover, link, blend, join, coalesce, unify, tie,
unevenness, unfairness, variation, end, remnants, residuum, surplus; (v) amalgamate; (adj, v) fuse.
disagreement. ANTONYMS: (n) remain. ANTONYMS: (v) divide, cut,
equality, symmetry, proportion, revive: (v) refresh, invigorate, quicken, disband, disconnect, diverge,
balance, evenness, parity, justice. renew, renovate, restore, resuscitate, segregate, split, undo, unpick.
enrich: (v) decorate, adorn, fertilize, animate, awake, repair, recreate.
364 Sense and Sensibility

The letters from town, which a few days before would have made every
nerve in Elinor's body thrill with transport, now arrived to be read with less
emotion that mirth. Mrs. Jennings wrote to tell the wonderful tale, to vent her
honest indignation against the jilting girl, and pour forth her compassion
towards poor Mr. Edward, who, she was sure, had quite doted upon the
worthless hussy, and was now, by all accounts, almost broken-hearted, at
Oxford.-- "I do think," she continued, "nothing was ever carried on so sly; for it
was but two days before Lucy called and sat a couple of hours with me. Not a
soul suspected anything of the matter, not even Nancy, who, poor soul! came
crying to me the day after, in a great fright for fear of Mrs. Ferrars, as well as not
knowing how to get to Plymouth; for Lucy it seems borrowed all her money
before she went off to be married, on purpose we suppose to make a show with,
and poor Nancy had not seven shillings in the world;--so I was very glad to give
her five guineas to take her down to Exeter, where she thinks of staying three or
four weeks with Mrs. Burgess, in hopes, as I tell her, to fall in with the Doctor
again. And I must say that Lucy's crossness not to take them along with them in
the chaise is worse than all. Poor Mr. Edward! I cannot get him out of my head,
but you must send for him to Barton, and Miss Marianne must try to comfort
him."%
Mr. Dashwood's strains were more solemn. Mrs. Ferrars was the most
unfortunate of women--poor Fanny had suffered agonies of sensibility--and he
considered the existence of each, under such a blow, with grateful wonder.
Robert's offence was unpardonable, but Lucy's was infinitely worse. Neither of
them were ever again to be mentioned to Mrs. Ferrars; and even, if she might
hereafter be induced to forgive her son, his wife should never be acknowledged
as her daughter, nor be permitted to appear in her presence. The secrecy with
which everything had been carried on between them, was rationally treated as
enormously heightening the crime, because, had any suspicion of it occurred to
the others, proper measures would have been taken to prevent the marriage; and
he called on Elinor to join with him in regretting that Lucy's engagement with
Edward had not rather been fulfilled, than that she should thus be the means of
spreading misery farther in the family.-- He thus continued:
Thesaurus
accounts: (n) financial statement. female, baggage, Trull, minx, quean, dignified, sacred; (adj, n) earnest.
borrowed: (adj) foreign, rubato, huswife. ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous,
secondary. rationally: (adv) logically, sanely, cheerful, unceremonious, funny,
broken-hearted: (adj) despairing. judiciously, wisely, coherently, playful, flippant, relaxed.
burgess: (n) citizen, cit, townsman, sagaciously, lucidly, justly, strains: (n) tension, tenseness.
bourgeois, oppidan, cockney. reasonably, sensibly, practically. thrill: (n, v) delight, shudder, quiver,
crossness: (n) crabbedness, crabbiness, ANTONYMS: (adv) irrationally, shiver; (v) excite, exhilarate, exalt,
petulance, peevishness, testiness, illogically, emotionally, foolishly, stir; (n) shake, excitement, chill.
irritability, choler, annoyance, anger, unconvincingly, unreasonably. ANTONYMS: (v) dishearten,
ire, fury. solemn: (adj, n, v) serious; (adj, v) discourage, disappoint, displease; (n)
hussy: (n) strumpet, trollop, sober, important, sedate, devout, depression, calm, boredom, agony,
fornicatress, adulteress, tramp, formal, demure; (adj) heavy, sorrow; (n, v) bore.
 Jane Austen 365

"Mrs. Ferrars has never yet mentioned Edward's name, which does not
surprise us; but, to our great astonishment, not a line has been received from him
on the occasion. Perhaps, however, he is kept silent by his fear of offending, and I
shall, therefore, give him a hint, by a line to Oxford, that his sister and I both
think a letter of proper submission from him, addressed perhaps to Fanny, and
by her shewn to her mother, might not be taken amiss; for we all know the
tenderness of Mrs. Ferrars's heart, and that she wishes for nothing so much as to
be on good terms with her children."
This paragraph was of some importance to the prospects and conduct of
Edward. It determined him to attempt a reconciliation, though not exactly in the
manner pointed out by their brother and sister.%
"A letter of proper submission!" repeated he; "would they have me beg my
mother's pardon for Robert's ingratitude to her, and breach of honour to me?--I
can make no submission--I am grown neither humble nor penitent by what has
passed.--I am grown very happy; but that would not interest.--I know of no
submission that is proper for me to make."
"You may certainly ask to be forgiven," said Elinor, "because you have
offended;--and I should think you might now venture so far as to profess some
concern for having ever formed the engagement which drew on you your
mother's anger."
He agreed that he might.
"And when she has forgiven you, perhaps a little humility may be convenient
while acknowledging a second engagement, almost as imprudent in her eyes as
the first."
He had nothing to urge against it, but still resisted the idea of a letter of
proper submission; and therefore, to make it easier to him, as he declared a much
greater willingness to make mean concessions by word of mouth than on paper,
it was resolved that, instead of writing to Fanny, he should go to London, and
personally intreat her good offices in his favour.-- "And if they really do interest
themselves," said Marianne, in her new character of candour, "in bringing about

Thesaurus
amiss: (adj, adv) wrong; (adj) bad, mortify; (n, v) disgrace, debase; (adj, sorry, remorseful, regretful, guilty,
haywire, faulty, astray, guilty; (adv) n, v) abase; (adj) base, lowly, sorrowful, rueful, penitential; (n)
badly, poorly, awry, wrongly, adrift. unassuming, docile, low. flagellant, religionist. ANTONYMS:
ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) right; (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) impressive, (adj) unrepentant, impenitent,
perfectly, properly, suitably, arrogant, haughty, imposing, unashamed, unremorseful.
appropriately, correctly, well; (adj) conceited, pompous, snooty, reconciliation: (n, v) concord, peace,
okay, correct, good. overbearing, presumptuous, proud, harmony; (n) adjustment, agreement,
candour: (n) candidness, frankness, exalted. rapprochement, pacification,
forthrightness, fairness, rectitude, paragraph: (n, v) clause, passage; (n) reconcilement, conciliation,
purity, straightforwardness, equity, item, section, chapter, head, sentence, appeasement, mediation.
truth, sincerity, simplicity. piece, part, division, count. ANTONYMS: (n) incitement, war.
humble: (v) demean, humiliate, penitent: (adj) contrite, apologetic,
366 Sense and Sensibility

a reconciliation, I shall think that even John and Fanny are not entirely without
merit."
After a visit on Colonel Brandon's side of only three or four days, the two
gentlemen quitted Barton together.-- They were to go immediately to Delaford,
that Edward might have some personal knowledge of his future home, and assist
his patron and friend in deciding on what improvements were needed to it; and
from thence, after staying there a couple of nights, he was to proceed on his
journey to town.%

Thesaurus
assist: (n, v) aid, help, support; (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) inconclusive, (v) settle.
abet, serve, contribute, boost, relieve, secondary. nights: (adj) nightly; (n) night.
encourage, to help, facilitate. entirely: (adv) fully, absolutely, patron: (n) backer, advocate, friend,
ANTONYMS: (n, v) impede, oppose; utterly, wholly, altogether, all, defender, customer, client, helper,
(v) thwart, disrupt, hamper, hurt, thoroughly, perfectly, clean, solely; sponsor, benefactor, frequenter,
stop, worsen, shun; (n) hindrance, (adj, adv) completely. ANTONYMS: supporter. ANTONYM: (n) detractor.
counteract. (adv) partially, incompletely, proceed: (v) move, advance, originate,
deciding: (adj) crucial, critical, unenthusiastically, hardly, slightly, ensue, flow, issue, arise, emanate;
conclusive, determining, somewhat. (adj, v) pass, run, extend.
determinative, determinant, decisive, journey: (n, v) jaunt, go, travel, cruise, ANTONYMS: (v) discontinue, recede,
administrative; (v) decide; (n) fare; (n) excursion, way, expedition, regress, return, retreat.
resolution, decision making. trip, passage, voyage. ANTONYM:
 Jane Austen 367

CHAPTER 50

After a proper resistance on the part of Mrs. Ferrars, just so violent and so
steady as to preserve her from that reproach which she always seemed fearful of
incurring, the reproach of being too amiable, Edward was admitted to her
presence, and pronounced to be again her son.%
Her family had of late been exceedingly fluctuating. For many years of her
life she had had two sons; but the crime and annihilation of Edward a few
weeks ago, had robbed her of one; the similar annihilation of Robert had left her
for a fortnight without any; and now, by the resuscitation of Edward, she had
one again.
In spite of his being allowed once more to live, however, he did not feel the
continuance of his existence secure, till he had revealed his present engagement;
for the publication of that circumstance, he feared, might give a sudden turn to
his constitution, and carry him off as rapidly as before. With apprehensive
caution therefore it was revealed, and he was listened to with unexpected
calmness. Mrs. Ferrars at first reasonably endeavoured to dissuade him from
marrying Miss Dashwood, by every argument in her power;--told him, that in
Miss Morton he would have a woman of higher rank and larger fortune;-- and
enforced the assertion, by observing that Miss Morton was the daughter of a
nobleman with thirty thousand pounds, while Miss Dashwood was only the
daughter of a private gentleman with no more than three; but when she found

annihilation: (n) abolition, death,
slaughter, destruction, obliteration,
extermination, extirpation,
disintegration, demolition, defeat,
pulverization. ANTONYMS: (n)
preservation, survival, creation,
protection.
apprehensive: (adj) anxious, fearful,
uneasy, alarmed, worried, timid,
doubtful, shy, insecure, jealous; (adj,
n) nervous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
assured, unworried, calm, unafraid,
Thesaurus
cocksure, trusting, serene,
unconcerned, fearless, carefree,
brave.
enforced: (adj) required, obligatory,
compulsory, applied, compelled,
binding, essential, requisite,
necessary, mandatory, legal.
ANTONYMS: (adj) optional,
unenforced, voluntary.
fluctuating: (adj) variable,
unpredictable, unstable, erratic,
inconstant, irresolute, mutable,
unsteady, irregular, fickle; (v)
fluctuate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
constant, fixed.
nobleman: (n) patrician, aristocrat,
lord, peer, marquis, nobility,
grandee, baron, duke, armiger,
burgrave.
resuscitation: (n) revival, resurrection,
resurgence, reanimation,
revitalisation, revitalization,
reviction, revivification, recovery,
reappearance.
368 Sense and Sensibility

that, though perfectly admitting the truth of her representation, he was by no

means inclined to be guided by it, she judged it wisest, from the experience of the
past, to submit--and therefore, after such an ungracious delay as she owed to her
own dignity, and as served to prevent every suspicion of good-will, she issued
her decree of consent to the marriage of Edward and Elinor.%
What she would engage to do towards augmenting their income was next to
be considered; and here it plainly appeared, that though Edward was now her
only son, he was by no means her eldest; for while Robert was inevitably
endowed with a thousand pounds a-year, not the smallest objection was made
against Edward's taking orders for the sake of two hundred and fifty at the
utmost; nor was anything promised either for the present or in future, beyond
the ten thousand pounds, which had been given with Fanny.
It was as much, however, as was desired, and more than was expected, by
Edward and Elinor; and Mrs. Ferrars herself, by her shuffling excuses, seemed
the only person surprised at her not giving more.
With an income quite sufficient to their wants thus secured to them, they had
nothing to wait for after Edward was in possession of the living, but the
readiness of the house, to which Colonel Brandon, with an eager desire for the
accommodation of Elinor, was making considerable improvements; and after
waiting some time for their completion, after experiencing, as usual, a thousand
disappointments and delays from the unaccountable dilatoriness of the
workmen, Elinor, as usual, broke through the first positive resolution of not
marrying till every thing was ready, and the ceremony took place in Barton
church early in the autumn.
The first month after their marriage was spent with their friend at the
Mansion-house; from whence they could superintend the progress of the
Parsonage, and direct every thing as they liked on the spot;-- could chuse papers,
project shrubberies, and invent a sweep. Mrs. Jennings's prophecies, though
rather jumbled together, were chiefly fulfilled; for she was able to visit Edward
and his wife in their Parsonage by Michaelmas, and she found in Elinor and her
husband, as she really believed, one of the happiest couples in the world. They

admitting: (adj) suscipient; (adv)
conditionally; (n) acknowledgment,
receipt, credence; (conj) although.
augmenting: (adj) augmentative,
increscent, building, cumulative; (v)
augment; (n) continuation,
development.
dilatoriness: (n) unhurriedness, delay, excogitate, concoct, imagine,
lateness, slowness, tardiness,
deliberateness, deliberation,
cunctation, laziness.
fulfilled: (adj) complete, finished,
Thesaurus
done, satisfied, accomplished, cluttered, incoherent, chaotic,
completed, whole, delighted, promiscuous; (adj, adv) topsy-turvy.
concluded, happy, full of pride. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy, systematic,
ANTONYMS: (adj) incomplete, coherent, clear, organized, sound.
unfulfilled, frustrated, ashamed, shuffling: (n) shuffle, evasion,
dissatisfied. shambling, make, shamble; (adj)
invent: (v) devise, form, create, evasive, moral turpitude, milling,
laxity, abjection; (n, v) prevarication.
contrive; (n, v) forge, fabricate, superintend: (v) oversee, manage,
design, coin. direct, administer, control, run,
jumbled: (adj) confused, disorganized, supervise, govern, handle, overlook,
disordered, untidy, muddled, mixed, inspect.
 Jane Austen 369

had in fact nothing to wish for, but the marriage of Colonel Brandon and
Marianne, and rather better pasturage for their cows.%
They were visited on their first settling by almost all their relations and
friends. Mrs. Ferrars came to inspect the happiness which she was almost
ashamed of having authorised; and even the Dashwoods were at the expense of a
journey from Sussex to do them honour.
"I will not say that I am disappointed, my dear sister," said John, as they were
walking together one morning before the gates of Delaford House, "that would
be saying too much, for certainly you have been one of the most fortunate young
women in the world, as it is. But, I confess, it would give me great pleasure to
call Colonel Brandon brother. His property here, his place, his house, every thing
is in such respectable and excellent condition!--and his woods!--I have not seen
such timber any where in Dorsetshire, as there is now standing in Delaford
Hanger!--And though, perhaps, Marianne may not seem exactly the person to
attract him-- yet I think it would altogether be advisable for you to have them
now frequently staying with you, for as Colonel Brandon seems a great deal at
home, nobody can tell what may happen--for, when people are much thrown
together, and see little of anybody else--and it will always be in your power to set
her off to advantage, and so forth;-- in short, you may as well give her a chance--
You understand me."--
But though Mrs. Ferrars did come to see them, and always treated them with
the make-believe of decent affection, they were never insulted by her real favour
and preference. that was due to the folly of Robert, and the cunning of his wife;
and it was earned by them before many months had passed away. The selfish
sagacity of the latter, which had at first drawn Robert into the scrape, was the
principal instrument of his deliverance from it; for her respectful humility,
assiduous attentions, and endless flatteries, as soon as the smallest opening was
given for their exercise, reconciled Mrs. Ferrars to his choice, and re-established
him completely in her favour.
The whole of Lucy's behaviour in the affair, and the prosperity which
crowned it, therefore, may be held forth as a most encouraging instance of what

assiduous: (adj) industrious, active,
busy, sedulous, thorough,
hardworking, painstaking, careful,
devoted, untiring, studious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lazy, neglectful,
negligent, casual, lax, weary,
slapdash, indolent, inconsistent,
sloppy.
crowned: (adj) laureled, fulfilled,
browbound, incoronate, successful.
cunning: (adj) crafty, canny, adroit,
wily, sly, shrewd, tricky, artful; (n)
Thesaurus
craftiness, craft, cleverness.
ANTONYMS: (adj) simple, honest,
stupid, unimaginative, gullible,
ingenuous, straightforward, candid,
sincere; (n) frankness,
straightforwardness.
inspect: (v) overhaul, overlook,
survey, watch, scrutinize, view,
explore, look, review, inquire,
monitor. ANTONYMS: (v) skim,
ignore.
insulted: (adj) affronted, offended,
injured, huffy.
make-believe: (adj, n) fake, dream; (n)
feint, pretence, pretension, pretense,
pretending, affectation; (adj) sham,
pretended, assumed.
pasturage: (n) grass, herbage,
meadow, mead, grazing, eatage, lea,
grassland, grazing land, food; (n, v)
forage.
scrape: (n, v) scratch, graze, score,
mark; (v) rub, pare, rake, grate, chafe,
abrade; (n) abrasion.
370 Sense and Sensibility

an %earnest, an unceasing attention to self-interest, however its progress may be

apparently obstructed, will do in securing every advantage of fortune, with no
other sacrifice than that of time and conscience. When Robert first sought her
acquaintance, and privately visited her in Bartlett's Buildings, it was only with
the view imputed to him by his brother. He merely meant to persuade her to
give up the engagement; and as there could be nothing to overcome but the
affection of both, he naturally expected that one or two interviews would settle
the matter. In that point, however, and that only, he erred;--for though Lucy
soon gave him hopes that his eloquence would convince her in time, another
visit, another conversation, was always wanted to produce this conviction. Some
doubts always lingered in her mind when they parted, which could only be
removed by another half hour's discourse with himself. His attendance was by
this means secured, and the rest followed in course. Instead of talking of
Edward, they came gradually to talk only of Robert,--a subject on which he had
always more to say than on any other, and in which she soon betrayed an
interest even equal to his own; and in short, it became speedily evident to both,
that he had entirely supplanted his brother. He was proud of his conquest,
proud of tricking Edward, and very proud of marrying privately without his
mother's consent. What immediately followed is known. They passed some
months in great happiness at Dawlish; for she had many relations and old
acquaintances to cut--and he drew several plans for magnificent cottages;-- and
from thence returning to town, procured the forgiveness of Mrs. Ferrars, by the
simple expedient of asking it, which, at Lucy's instigation, was adopted. The
forgiveness, at first, indeed, as was reasonable, comprehended only Robert; and
Lucy, who had owed his mother no duty and therefore could have transgressed
none, still remained some weeks longer unpardoned. But perseverance in
humility of conduct and messages, in self-condemnation for Robert's offence,
and gratitude for the unkindness she was treated with, procured her in time the
haughty notice which overcame her by its graciousness, and led soon afterwards,
by rapid degrees, to the highest state of affection and influence. Lucy became as
necessary to Mrs. Ferrars, as either Robert or Fanny; and while Edward was
never cordially forgiven for having once intended to marry her, and Elinor,

Thesaurus
acquaintances: (n) associates. instigation: (n) fomentation, privately: (adv) covertly, privily,
conquest: (n) defeat, triumph, encouragement, incitement, confidentially, personally, closely,
conquering, achievement, reduction, abetment, incitation, agitation, stealthily, secludedly, domestically,
coup, rout, overthrow, subjection, provocation, inducement, initiation, informally, retiredly; (adj, adv)
mastery, success. ANTONYMS: (n) excitation, stimulus. quietly. ANTONYMS: (adv) publicly,
failure, defeat, loss, victory. messages: (n) correspondence, officially.
haughty: (adj) supercilious, arrogant, communication, post, letters. sacrifice: (n, v) oblation, forfeit; (v)
assuming, contemptuous, proud, obstructed: (adj) blind, blocked, offer, immolate, offer up, give, give
lordly, cavalier, vain, contumelious, congested, impeded, impedite, foiled, up, relinquish; (n) immolation, loss,
grand; (n) boastful. ANTONYMS: tight, thwarted, stymied, frustrated, forfeiture.
(adj) modest, meek, subservient, impassable. ANTONYM: (adj) self-condemnation: (n) regret,
unassuming, considerate, deferential. unobstructed. penitence, guilt.
 Jane Austen 371

though superior to her in fortune and birth, was spoken of as an intruder, she
was in every thing considered, and always openly acknowledged, to be a
favourite child. They settled in town, received very liberal assistance from Mrs.
Ferrars, were on the best terms imaginable with the Dashwoods; and setting
aside the jealousies and ill-will continually subsisting between Fanny and Lucy,
in which their husbands of course took a part, as well as the frequent domestic
disagreements between Robert and Lucy themselves, nothing could exceed the
harmony in which they all lived together.%
What Edward had done to forfeit the right of eldest son, might have puzzled
many people to find out; and what Robert had done to succeed to it, might have
puzzled them still more. It was an arrangement, however, justified in its effects,
if not in its cause; for nothing ever appeared in Robert's style of living or of
talking to give a suspicion of his regretting the extent of his income, as either
leaving his brother too little, or bringing himself too much;--and if Edward might
be judged from the ready discharge of his duties in every particular, from an
increasing attachment to his wife and his home, and from the regular
cheerfulness of his spirits, he might be supposed no less contented with his lot,
no less free from every wish of an exchange.
Elinor's marriage divided her as little from her family as could well be
contrived, without rendering the cottage at Barton entirely useless, for her
mother and sisters spent much more than half their time with her. Mrs.
Dashwood was acting on motives of policy as well as pleasure in the frequency
of her visits at Delaford; for her wish of bringing Marianne and Colonel Brandon
together was hardly less earnest, though rather more liberal than what John had
expressed. It was now her darling object. Precious as was the company of her
daughter to her, she desired nothing so much as to give up its constant
enjoyment to her valued friend; and to see Marianne settled at the mansion-
house was equally the wish of Edward and Elinor. They each felt his sorrows,
and their own obligations, and Marianne, by general consent, was to be the
reward of all.

Thesaurus
exceed: (v) beat, pass, surpass, accordance, congruity, consistency, sanctified, unearthly, regenerated,
transcend, outdo, surmount, cap, amity; (n, v) concord, peace; (v) even. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfounded,
outshine, overrun, top, outweigh. concert. ANTONYMS: (n) discord, unjustified, unreasonable, wrong,
ANTONYMS: (v) follow, fail, trail, disagreement, argument, conflict, unworthy.
make. bitterness, harshness, incongruity, rendering: (n) interpretation,
forfeit: (n) penalty, deprivation, cost; uproar, hostility, misery, upheaval. translation, rendition, reading,
(v) abandon, forgo, relinquish, waive; intruder: (n) trespasser, interloper, representation, version, interpreting,
(n, v) sacrifice, pawn; (adj) confiscate, encroacher, raider, invader, depiction, execution, construction,
lost. ANTONYMS: (n) retention; (v) aggressor, go between, gatecrasher, explanation.
claim, redeem, receive, maintain. stalker, boarder; (adj, n) stranger. subsisting: (adj) extant, living.
harmony: (n) accord, consonance, justified: (adj) correct, right, proper,
agreement, correspondence, elected, adopted, due, righteous,
372 Sense and Sensibility

With such a confederacy against her--with a knowledge so intimate of his

goodness--with a conviction of his fond attachment to herself, which at last,
though long after it was observable to everybody else--burst on her--what could
she do?
Marianne Dashwood was born to an extraordinary fate. She was born to
discover the falsehood of her own opinions, and to counteract, by her conduct,
her most favourite maxims. She was born to overcome an affection formed so
late in life as at seventeen, and with no sentiment superior to strong esteem and
lively friendship, voluntarily to give her hand to another!--and that other, a man
who had suffered no less than herself under the event of a former attachment,
whom, two years before, she had considered too old to be married,--and who still
sought the constitutional safeguard of a flannel waistcoat!
But so it was. Instead of falling a sacrifice to an irresistible passion, as once
she had fondly flattered herself with expecting,--instead of remaining even for
ever with her mother, and finding her only pleasures in retirement and study, as
afterwards in her more calm and sober judgment she had determined on,-- she
found herself at nineteen, submitting to new attachments, entering on new
duties, placed in a new home, a wife, the mistress of a family, and the patroness
of a village.%
Colonel Brandon was now as happy, as all those who best loved him,
believed he deserved to be;--in Marianne he was consoled for every past
affliction;--her regard and her society restored his mind to animation, and his
spirits to cheerfulness; and that Marianne found her own happiness in forming
his, was equally the persuasion and delight of each observing friend. Marianne
could never love by halves; and her whole heart became, in time, as much
devoted to her husband, as it had once been to Willoughby.
Willoughby could not hear of her marriage without a pang; and his
punishment was soon afterwards complete in the voluntary forgiveness of Mrs.
Smith, who, by stating his marriage with a woman of character, as the source of
her clemency, gave him reason for believing that had he behaved with honour
towards Marianne, he might at once have been happy and rich. That his

clemency: (n) charity, tenderness,
leniency, compassion, pardon, pity,
benevolence, quarter, grace; (adj, n)
kindness, benignity. ANTONYMS:
(n) blame, cruelty, harshness,
strictness, unkindness,
vindictiveness, mercilessness.
confederacy: (n) coalition,
confederation, federation,
association, union, conspiracy, cabal,
combination, league, merger, faction.
ANTONYM: (n) divergence.
Thesaurus
halves: (n) semi, share.
observable: (adj, adv) noticeable,
perceptible; (adj) discernible,
apparent, appreciable, visible,
evident, noteworthy, notable,
detectable, remarkable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) hidden,
imperceptible, invisible.
patroness: (n) supporter, sponsor,
benefactress, support, donor, fairy
godmother.
safeguard: (v) preserve, ensure, cover,
protect, defend; (n) protection, care,
precaution, security; (n, v) shield,
shelter. ANTONYMS: (v) jeopardize,
expose, destroy, endanger.
stating: (n) reference.
submitting: (n) submission,
delegation; (v) submit; (adj) ductile.
waistcoat: (n) CHUDDER, barbe,
garment, jerkin, jubbah, oilskins,
pilot jacket, pajamas, cardigan,
singlet, talma jacket.
 Jane Austen 373

repentance of misconduct, which thus brought its own punishment, was sincere,
need not be doubted;--nor that he long thought of Colonel Brandon with envy,
and of Marianne with regret. But that he was for ever inconsolable, that he fled
from society, or contracted an habitual gloom of temper, or died of a broken
heart, must not be depended on--for he did neither. He lived to exert, and
frequently to enjoy himself. His wife was not always out of humour, nor his
home always uncomfortable; and in his breed of horses and dogs, and in
sporting of every kind, he found no inconsiderable degree of domestic felicity.%
For Marianne, however--in spite of his incivility in surviving her loss--he
always retained that decided regard which interested him in every thing that
befell her, and made her his secret standard of perfection in woman;-- and many
a rising beauty would be slighted by him in after-days as bearing no comparison
with Mrs. Brandon.
Mrs. Dashwood was prudent enough to remain at the cottage, without
attempting a removal to Delaford; and fortunately for Sir John and Mrs.
Jennings, when Marianne was taken from them, Margaret had reached an age
highly suitable for dancing, and not very ineligible for being supposed to have a
lover.
Between Barton and Delaford, there was that constant communication which
strong family affection would naturally dictate;--and among the merits and the
happiness of Elinor and Marianne, let it not be ranked as the least considerable,
that though sisters, and living almost within sight of each other, they could live
without disagreement between themselves, or producing coolness between their
husbands.

dogs: (n) foxes, Canidae, Carnivora,
cats, family Canidae, forceps, order
Carnivora, bears; (adj) dogging.
envy: (v) begrudge, want; (n)
enviousness, desire, heartburning,
resentment, envies, heartburn,
jealousy, hatred; (adj) jealous.
ANTONYM: (n) generosity.
habitual: (adj, n) common, frequent,
usual; (adj) chronic, conventional,
confirmed, accustomed, natural,
commonplace, everyday, ordinary.
Thesaurus
ANTONYMS: (adj) occasional, unworthy, unsuitable, unfit,
infrequent, mild, irregular, inconvenient, inappropriate,
exceptional, erratic, abnormal, inexpedient. ANTONYMS: (adj)
innovative. entitled, competent.
inconsolable: (adj) disconsolate, ranked: (adj) stratified, hierarchal,
desolate, forlorn, desperate, graveled, hierarchical, bedded,
despairing, dejected, heartbroken, hierarchic.
sad, wretched, comfortless; (adj, v) sporting: (adj) fair, sportsmanlike,
unconsolable. ANTONYMS: (adj) clean, gambling, betting, dissipated,
hopeful, euphoric, happy. athletic, adventurous, sporty; (v)
ineligible: (adj) inapt, incompetent, tauromachy; (n) diversion.
unqualified, incapable, inadmissible, ANTONYM: (adj) unsporting.

abandoned: (adj) immoral, profligate,
deserted, stranded, empty,
shameless, wicked, lonely,
depraved, corrupt, licentious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inhabited,
orderly, overcrowded, used, pure,
virtuous, upright, seemly, reserved,
principled, moral
abatement: (n) rebate, deduction,
discount, reprieve, abate, break,
interruption, decrease, suspension,
subsidence; (n, v) reduction
abhor: (v) hate, detest, abominate,
execrate, despise, dislike, nauseate,
disdain, scorn, resent, dread.
ANTONYMS: (v) adore, approve,
like, cherish, embrace, relish,
treasure, admire
abhorred: (adj) disgusted, unpopular
abhorrence: (n) odium, antipathy,
detestation, hatred, aversion,
disgust, execration, hate, loathing,
revulsion, horror. ANTONYMS: (n)
attraction, adoration, delight, liking,
attractiveness
abode: (n) dwelling, house, residence,
place, domicile, lodge, abidance,
mansion, lodging, address, seat
abominably: (adv) atrociously,
awfully, terribly, repulsively, badly,
frightfully, awful, sadly, hideously,
sickeningly, rottenly
abridge: (v) abbreviate, cut, reduce,
condense, contract, summarize, cut
short, compress, truncate; (adj, v)
curtail, abstract. ANTONYMS: (v)
lengthen, augment, increase, extend,
enlarge, broaden, amplify, add, pad,
supplement, elaborate
abridgement: (n) abridgment,
condensation, capsule, epitome,
summarization, synopsis, abstract,
compendium, outline, contraction,
curtailment. ANTONYM: (n)
expansion
abruptly: (adv) precipitously, rudely,
brusquely, curtly, gruffly, shortly,
Jane Austen
GLOSSARY
sharply, bluntly, hastily,
unexpectedly, steeply.
ANTONYMS: (adv) gradually,
civilly, attentively, kindly, politely,
verbosely, eventually, pleasantly,
slowly, indirectly
abruptness: (n) gradient, shortness,
slope, brusqueness, curtness,
steepness, haste, hurriedness,
rudeness, brevity, hastiness.
ANTONYMS: (n) gradualness,
courtesy, friendliness, gentleness,
pleasantness
absent: (adj) wanting, inattentive, not
present, preoccupied, lost, missing,
faraway, nonexistent,
absentminded, out; (adj, adv) off.
ANTONYMS: (adj) alert, attendant,
attending, existing, here, real,
attentive; (adv) in, visible
abstracted: (adj) absentminded,
separate, absent-minded, abstract,
distrait, inattentive, pensive,
preoccupied, remote, lost, vacant.
ANTONYM: (adj) alert
abstraction: (n) abstract, reverie,
engrossment, extraction,
withdrawal, removal, deduction,
abbreviation, preoccupancy,
theorisation, theorization.
ANTONYMS: (n) attentiveness,
inclusion, alertness, concentration,
fact
abstruse: (adj) esoteric, obscure,
abstract, difficult, deep, cryptic,
mysterious, occult, complex, dark,
intricate. ANTONYMS: (adj) simple,
direct, clear, lucid, plain, obvious,
mainstream, concrete,
comprehensible, easy, accessible
absurd: (adj) ridiculous, foolish,
unreasonable, irrational,
meaningless, inept, senseless,
nonsensical, illogical, ludicrous; (adj,
n) silly. ANTONYMS: (adj) rational,
reasonable, logical, wise, weighty,
sound, consistent, serious, plausible,
375
credible, acceptable
absurdity: (n) absurdness, nonsense,
silliness, nonsensicality,
meaninglessness, illogicality,
stupidity, folly, fatuity, idiocy,
preposterousness. ANTONYMS: (n)
logic, reasonableness, worthiness,
solemnity, sensibleness
abundance: (adj) plenty; (n)
plenitude, store, richness, profusion,
amplitude, exuberance, affluence,
treasure, enough; (adj, n) riches.
ANTONYMS: (n) scarcity, shortage,
insufficiency, lack, aridity,
scarceness, paucity, emptiness,
fruitlessness, bareness
abundantly: (adv) copiously, richly,
fully, generously, bounteously,
plentifully, plenteously, freely,
exuberantly, largely, bountifully.
ANTONYMS: (adv) fruitlessly,
insufficiently, stingily, meagerly,
scantily
abuse: (n, v) affront, insult, outrage,
reproach, harm, wrong; (v) mistreat,
injure, violate; (adj, v) maltreat,
profane. ANTONYMS: (n, v)
respect; (v) compliment, protect,
nurture, laud, honor, help, flatter;
(n) compliments, kindness, flattery
abused: (adj) maltreated, physically
abused, downtrodden, perverted,
dull
acacia: (n) shittah, catechu, cassie
accelerate: (v) advance, hurry, speed,
rush, speed up, dispatch, forward,
expedite, further; (adj, v) vivify; (n,
v) put on. ANTONYMS: (v)
decelerate, impede, delay, retard,
postpone, defer, brake, hinder,
improve
accent: (v) emphasize, emphasise,
punctuate, accentuate; (n) dialect,
emphasis, idiom, importance,
speech, articulation, pronunciation.
ANTONYMS: (v) attenuate,
downplay, hide, ignore, lessen,
 376
minimize, slight
acceptably: (adv) adequately,
endurably, as it should be, amply,
right, reasonably, suitably,
sufficiently, properly, okay, in the
approved manner. ANTONYMS:
(adv) unreasonably, unacceptably,
offensively, badly, insufficiently,
unsatisfactorily, unsuitably,
incorrectly, intolerably
acceptance: (n) recognition,
acknowledgment, adoption,
confirmation, assumption, approval,
credence, welcome, accession,
receipt, acquiescence. ANTONYMS:
(n) refutation, dispatch, reprisal,
protest, opposition, intolerance,
disagreement, defiance, refusal,
resistance, wildness
accepting: (adj) tolerant, sympathetic,
thoughtful, understanding, willing
to help, yielding, lenient, acceptant,
obliging, soft, permissive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) resistant,
uncooperative, unforgiving, severe,
unsympathetic
accidental: (adj) casual,
unintentional, adventitious,
unintended, incidental, chance,
random, unforeseen, unexpected,
contingent, haphazard.
ANTONYMS: (adj) deliberate,
designed, intended, planned,
premeditated
accidentally: (adv) incidentally,
casually, fortuitously, by chance,
coincidentally, adventitiously,
unintentionally, contingently,
haphazardly, occasionally,
inadvertently. ANTONYMS: (adv)
deliberately, knowingly, purposely,
unfortunately, correctly
accommodate: (adj, v) fit, adapt, suit;
(n, v) oblige; (v) provide, contain,
quarter, lodge, reconcile, fashion,
hold. ANTONYMS: (v) constrain,
block, disoblige, hinder, impede,
incommode, limit, prevent, stop, bar
accommodating: (adj) obliging,
yielding, cooperative, docile,
submissive, willing, kind, gracious,
friendly, accommodative, easy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) strict, alienating,
disobliging, inflexible, intolerant,
ungracious, unkind, unsympathetic,
uncooperative, unaccommodating,
resistant
accommodations: (n) house, housing,
lodging, habitat
accompany: (v) attend, follow,
companion, guide, company, lead,
walk, associate, consort, conduct,
Sense and Sensibility
concur. ANTONYMS: (v) desert,
abandon, leave
accomplished: (adj) proficient, able,
skillful, gifted, finished,
experienced, completed, adept, fine,
versed, competent. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unfinished, amateur,
untrained, unskilled, unseasoned,
unable, inexpert, green, clumsy, bad,
mediocre
accomplishment: (n) attainment,
completion, exploit, performance,
deed, skill, fulfillment, feat, action,
act, acquisition. ANTONYMS: (n)
abandonment, washout, flop,
debacle, defeat
accordant: (adj) consonant,
consistent, compatible, congruous,
conformable, agreeable, concordant,
consentient, unanimous, suitable;
(adj, v) congenial. ANTONYM: (adj)
discordant
according: (adj) pursuant, consonant,
equal, agreeable, harmonious,
conformable, consistent,
corresponding, respondent; (adv)
correspondingly, accordingly
accordingly: (adv) therefore, thus, so,
then, ergo, as a result,
correspondingly, according,
appropriately, as a consequence,
properly. ANTONYM: (adv)
unsuitable
accrue: (v) grow, fall, collect, result,
yield, originate, enlarge, augment,
assemble, amass, proceed.
ANTONYMS: (v) decrease,
distribute, disperse, dwindle
accurately: (adv) precisely, correctly,
carefully, closely, faithfully, strictly,
truly, rigorously, rightly,
meticulously; (adj, adv) justly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) falsely,
wrongly, imprecisely, figuratively,
approximately, incorrectly,
randomly, vaguely, wrong
accusation: (n) complaint, charge,
accusal, blame, allegation,
condemnation, insinuation,
denunciation, indictment,
inculpation, impeachment.
ANTONYMS: (n) exoneration,
argument, compliment
accuse: (v) charge, incriminate,
arraign, denounce, defame,
criminate, indict, fault, betray,
condemn, inculpate. ANTONYMS:
(v) absolve, exculpate, exonerate,
praise, support, clear
accustom: (v) acquaint, habituate,
season, adjust, teach, acclimate,
harden, adapt, inure, train, custom
aching: (adj) sore, achy, hurt,
uncomfortable, tender, hurtful,
agonizing; (n) ache, pain, hurting;
(v) griped
acknowledge: (v) recognize, confess,
accept, profess, own, admit,
concede, appreciate, notice, declare,
approve. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore,
overlook, reject, repudiate, snub,
refuse, renounce, abjure, disavow,
disregard, refute
acknowledged: (adj) accepted,
renowned, recognized, avowed,
known, customary, confirmed,
admitted, affirmed, recognised; (v)
received. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unconventional, unacknowledged,
questionable
acknowledging: (n) agreement; (adj)
responsive, affirmative
acknowledgment: (n) admission,
acknowledgement, acceptance,
confession, greeting, credit,
allowance, declaration, agreement,
thanks, gratitude. ANTONYMS: (n)
rejection, ungratefulness, oversight,
snub, ignoring, invoice, blame,
defiance
acquaintance: (n) connection, friend,
acquaintanceship, mate, awareness,
associate, buddy, friendship,
intercourse, companion; (n, v)
knowledge. ANTONYMS: (n)
ignorance, inexperience,
unfamiliarity, animosity, enemy
acquaintances: (n) associates
acquainted: (adj) knowledgeable,
informed, aware, cognizant,
conversant, hand and glove,
intimate, thick; (adv) abreast; (v)
inform, acquaint
acquiescence: (n) compliance,
consent, resignation, permission,
sanction, approval, accord,
agreement, submission, conformity;
(n, v) assent. ANTONYMS: (n)
disagreement, insubordination,
rebellion, defiance, rejection
acquisition: (n) accomplishment,
acquirement, attainment,
achievement, conquest, learning,
buyout, prize, getting, buy; (v) gain.
ANTONYMS: (n) loss, giving, sale
acquit: (adj, v) release; (v) exculpate,
exonerate, discharge, excuse, clear,
pardon, free, conduct, forgive,
vindicate. ANTONYMS: (v)
condemn, damn, censure, blame,
sentence
acquitted: (adj) not guilty, guiltless;
(v) acquit, absolved
acute: (adj, n, v) sharp; (adj) incisive,

intense, penetrating, keen, severe,
critical; (adj, v) high, shrewd; (adj, n)
strong, smart. ANTONYMS: (adj)
obtuse, insignificant, stupid,
unimportant, moderate, blunt, slow,
slight, mild, minor, imperceptive
acutely: (adv) sharply, keenly,
severely, astutely, piercingly, shrilly,
cleverly; (adj, adv) intensely,
extremely, gravely, critically.
ANTONYMS: (adv) chronically,
mildly, slightly, faintly, vaguely,
unexceptionally
acuteness: (n) acuity, sharpness,
acumen, discrimination, gravity,
insight, sensitivity, perspicacity,
penetration, keenness, intensity.
ANTONYMS: (n) faintness,
insignificance, dullness
adapted: (adj) altered, fit, agreeable,
conformable, fitted, appropriate,
prepared, tailored, modified; (adj, v)
convenient, proper. ANTONYM:
(adj) unaccustomed
a-day: (n) target date
adding: (n) addition, calculation,
reckoning
addition: (n) accession, accessory,
increase, extension, addendum,
accretion, attachment, appendage,
annex, extra; (n, prep) accumulation.
ANTONYMS: (n) removal,
estimation, deduction, exclusion,
decline, erosion, loss, setback
additions: (n) accompaniments,
accessions, embellishments,
trappings
addresses: (n) wooing, suit, courtship
adhering: (adj, v) adhesive; (n)
adherence; (adj) partisan; (prep) on;
(v) cohesive
adieu: (int, n) farewell; (n) vale,
valediction, goodbye, leave, cheerio,
adios, bye, so long, parting; (int) bon
voyage. ANTONYM: (n) greeting
adjoining: (adj) contiguous,
neighbor, near, abutting, touching,
conterminous, neighboring,
immediate, next, vicinal; (adj, v)
close. ANTONYMS: (adj) separate,
divided, detached, apart, far
adjusting: (v) adjust; (n) adjusting
operation
administer: (n, v) manage, rule,
minister, command; (v) dispense,
distribute, give, operate, deal,
supply, handle. ANTONYMS: (v)
withhold, neglect, frustrate, refuse,
deny, mismanage, take
administering: (adj) administrative;
(n) administration
admirable: (adj) fine, outstanding,
Jane Austen
beautiful, great, commendable,
lovely, good, creditable,
praiseworthy, worthy, grand.
ANTONYMS: (adj) appalling, poor,
unworthy, despicable, contemptible,
detestable, dishonorable, rotten,
unimpressive, loathsome, low
admiration: (n) esteem, adoration,
appreciation, reverence, estimation,
amazement, liking, awe,
compliment; (adj, n) regard; (v)
laud. ANTONYMS: (n) disdain,
criticism, disapproval, contempt,
abhorrence, loathing, disgust,
despising, dishonor, disparagement,
detestation
admire: (v) revere, look up to, idolize,
appreciate, adore, wonder, praise,
worship, admiring, esteem, honor.
ANTONYMS: (v) despise, loathe,
scorn, hate, condemn, abhor,
disrespect, detest, disregard,
disapprove, deprecate
admired: (adj) respected, admirable,
estimable, favorite, pet, beloved,
honored, August, loved, accepted,
popular. ANTONYM: (adj)
disreputable
admiring: (adj) admire, admiringly,
loving, respectful, glowing,
affectionate, amatory, appreciative,
enthusiastic, flattering, approving.
ANTONYMS: (adj) defamatory,
critical, disdainful, disapproving,
disrespectful, uncomplimentary
admission: (n) acknowledgment,
access, confession, reception,
entrance fee, declaration,
recognition, admittance, profession,
confirmation; (v) acknowledge.
ANTONYMS: (n) impediment,
secret, concealment, blockage,
barring, confidentiality, exclusion
admittance: (n) access, accession,
introduction, door, matriculation,
inlet, permit, entrance, entree, entry,
input
admitting: (adj) suscipient; (adv)
conditionally; (n) acknowledgment,
receipt, credence; (conj) although
adopt: (v) admit, affiliate, assume,
borrow, espouse, take up, take, pass,
acquire, choose, embrace.
ANTONYMS: (v) disinherit, cancel,
discard, shun, repudiate, refuse,
ignore, oppose
adorned: (adj) decorated, ornate,
bedecked, decked out, fancy,
garnished, ornamented, decked,
beautiful, inscribed, festooned
advancement: (n, v) advance; (n)
promotion, furtherance, upgrade,
377
growth, development, cultivation,
progression, improvement,
progress, elevation. ANTONYMS:
(n) reverse, downgrade, retreat,
demotion
advances: (v) access, approach
advancing: (adj) progressive, moving
forward, increasing, moving,
processive, thriving, ongoing,
aggressive; (n) advancement,
progression, proceeding
advantageous: (adj) expedient,
useful, auspicious, helpful, gainful,
serviceable, convenient, lucky,
worthwhile, beneficial; (adj, v)
profitable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
useless, disadvantageous,
detrimental, unhelpful, unfortunate,
inauspicious, worthless, unpleasant
advisable: (adj) eligible, desirable,
advantageous, suitable, sound,
prudent, acceptable, sensible, fitting,
convenient, appropriate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inappropriate,
unwise, imprudent, improper,
worthless
advise: (v) recommend, propose,
warn, inform, acquaint, suggest,
notify, announce, tell, offer,
forewarn. ANTONYMS: (v) betray,
deceive, delude, fool, trick
advised: (adj) studied, considered,
premeditated, deliberate, calculated,
intended; (v) determinate, express,
designed
affability: (n) geniality, courtesy,
cordiality, amiability, affableness,
politeness, friendliness, amenity,
sociability, kindness, amiableness.
ANTONYMS: (n) unfriendliness,
frostiness, incivility, remoteness,
reserve, rudeness
affable: (adj) civil, gracious, polite,
friendly, courteous, amiable, genial,
approachable, sociable, decent,
pleasant. ANTONYMS: (adj)
reserved, hostile, unfriendly,
complaining, cold, impolite,
miserable, grumbling, grouchy,
distant, disdainful
affectation: (n) pretension, feint,
pose, display, airs, affectedness,
ostentation, show, pretense,
mannerism, sham. ANTONYMS: (n)
artlessness, honesty, modesty
affectedly: (adv) pretentiously,
pompously, insincerely, stiltedly,
unnaturally, theatrically, feignedly,
snobbishly, contrivedly,
pedantically, pedanticly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) modestly,
naturally
 378
affecting: (adj) poignant, emotional,
moving, stirring, pathetic, emotive,
piteous, pitiful, heartbreaking,
mournful; (adj, v) sad.
ANTONYMS: (adj) emotionless,
unemotional
affection: (n) charity, attachment,
fondness, heart, love, disease,
nature, feeling, affectionateness,
tenderness, kindness. ANTONYMS:
(n) disgust, neglect, malice, loathing,
dislike, detachment, coldness,
roughness
affectionate: (adj) fond, tender, kind,
mild, devoted, ardent, warm,
cordial, caring, brotherly; (adj, adv)
fatherly. ANTONYMS: (adj)
uncaring, callous, undemonstrative,
aloof, cool, disapproving, reserved,
antagonistic, paternal, rough
affectionately: (adv) lovingly,
tenderly, warmly, dearly, caringly,
devotedly, kindly, ardently,
cordially, amorously, dotingly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) disapprovingly,
frostily, roughly
affections: (n) bosom
affirmative: (adj) positive,
affirmatory, assertive, ratifying,
concurring; (adv) yes; (n)
affirmation, avowal, assenting; (adj,
v) predicatory, declaratory.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dissenting; (n)
no
affixed: (adj) additional
afflict: (n, v) pain, distress; (v)
trouble, grieve, torment, hurt, strike,
aggrieve, smite, bother, disturb.
ANTONYMS: (v) aid, comfort,
encourage, help, soothe
afflicted: (adj) miserable, distressed,
stricken, pitiful, sorrowful, ill,
woeful, dejected, sorry; (v) afflict,
displeased
afflicting: (adj) distressing, grievous,
vexatious
affliction: (n, v) adversity; (n)
distress, regret, martyrdom,
torment, curse, trial, bane,
misadventure, sorrow, agony.
ANTONYMS: (n) gift, godsend,
solace, blessing
afflictions: (n) buffeting
affluence: (n) wealth, fortune,
amplitude, luxury, ease, opulence,
prosperity, richness, afflux, plenty;
(adj, n) riches. ANTONYMS: (n)
shortage, neediness
affront: (n, v) insult, abuse, outrage,
slight, snub; (v) face, offend; (n)
disgrace, slur, offense, mortification.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise; (v)
Sense and Sensibility
please, placate, mollify, gratify,
flatter, assuage, appease, adulate; (n)
pleasantry, appeasement
affronting: (adj) insulting
afterward: (adv, conj) then, after that;
(adv) thereafter, afterwards, later,
subsequently, later on, next, soon;
(adj) following; (n) future.
ANTONYMS: (adv) now,
previously, before
aggrandizement: (n) elevation,
exaggeration, exaltation, growth,
increase, promotion, rise,
aggravation, dilation, rarefaction,
spread
aggravation: (n) deterioration,
irritation, bother, heightening,
exacerbation, annoyance,
harassment, aggrandizement,
aggression, botheration,
complication. ANTONYMS: (n)
satisfaction, improvement, pleasure,
comfort, delight, relieving,
lessening, balm, support
agitate: (v) toss, stir, fan, bother,
perturb, trouble, shake, rouse,
foment, kindle, actuate.
ANTONYMS: (v) soothe, defuse,
quiet, placate, pacify, lull, steady,
tranquilize, becalm
agitated: (adj) upset, excited,
nervous, restive, tumultuous,
distressed, tense, jumpy,
overwrought, anxious, alarmed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, lethargic,
tranquil, relaxed, assured, cool, still
agitation: (n) disturbance,
excitement, tumult, stirring,
convulsion, stir, commotion,
emotion, unrest, shake, turmoil.
ANTONYMS: (n) serenity, calm,
equanimity, rest, peace, deterrent
agony: (n) torture, suffering, torment,
distress, misery, passion, pain, grief,
pang, sorrow, throe. ANTONYMS:
(n) pleasure, joy, euphoria, bliss,
happiness, ecstasy, peace, content
agreeable: (adj) accordant, nice,
sweet, consistent, suitable, amusing,
enjoyable, affable; (adj, v) pleasant,
desirable; (adj, n) acceptable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disagreeable,
discordant, unpleasant, nasty,
unwilling, resistant, aggressive,
repugnant, averse, stubborn,
unacceptable
agreeing: (adj) concurring,
concordant, assentient, accordant,
suitable, harmonious, in accord, in
agreement; (n) assenting; (v) agree,
accept. ANTONYM: (adj) conflicting
ailment: (n) complaint, affection,
disease, trouble, condition, ill,
disorder, sickness, affliction; (adj, n)
infirmity; (v) distemper
aimed: (adj) directed, pointed,
expected, designed, meant
alacrity: (n) rapidity, speed,
promptness, activity, preparedness,
velocity, haste, swiftness, quickness,
expedition; (adj) life. ANTONYMS:
(n) aversion, reservation, reluctance,
indifference, hesitance, dullness,
disinclination, apathy, tardiness,
delay
alarm: (n, v) alert, scare, awe, panic;
(n) consternation, alarm clock,
fright, alarum, terror; (v) agitate,
horrify. ANTONYMS: (n, v)
comfort; (v) reassure, soothe, assure;
(n) reassurance, composure,
nonchalance, assurance, bravery,
confidence, order
alarmed: (adj) afraid, scared,
frightened, apprehensive, horrified,
anxious, uneasy, agitated, shocked,
terrified, concerned. ANTONYM:
(adj) carefree
alarming: (adj) scary, alarm, awful,
formidable, shocking, appalling,
awesome, dire, horrid, horrible,
dreadful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
soothing, lovely, normal
alienated: (adj) disaffected, antisocial,
bitter, confused, contumacious, cool,
disloyal, anomic, disturbed, far,
factious
alike: (adj) corresponding, equal,
equivalent, cognate, analogical,
parallel, analogous, identical,
similar, the same, duplicate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) different,
dissimilar, contrasting, unalike,
disparate, unlike, opposite; (adv)
differently, unequally, unevenly
alleged: (adj) ostensible, apparent,
assumed, professed, supposed,
apologetic, pretended, putative, so-
called, purported, believed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) certain, definite,
sure
alleviation: (n) remission, abatement,
relaxation, easement, solace,
assuagement, mitigation, palliation,
reprieve, comfort, easing
allowable: (adj, v) permissible; (adj)
justifiable, acceptable, lawful,
permitted, tolerable, bearable,
passable, sufferable, legal; (v)
allowed. ANTONYMS: (adj)
inexcusable, inadmissible,
intolerable
allowance: (n) admission, quota,
discount, tolerance, maintenance,

portion, margin, deduction, rebate,
share, leave
alloy: (n) amalgam, admixture, blend,
mixture, fusion, compound; (adj, v)
sophisticate; (v) devalue, mix,
debase, deteriorate. ANTONYMS:
(v) clean, clear, separate
allusion: (n) innuendo, reference,
cue, suggestion, mention,
intimation, pointer, insinuation,
implication, indication, clue
aloud: (adv) loud, out loud, strong,
out, audibly, hard, forte.
ANTONYMS: (adv) softly,
inaudibly, quietly
alphabet: (n) rudiments, rudiment,
elements, grammar, ABC,
fundamentals, basics, first rudiment,
first principle, outlines, abecedary
altar: (n) shrine, Communion table,
sanctuary, table, structure, sanctum
sanctorum, sacristy, construction,
examination hall, holy of Holies
alter: (v) change, adapt, move,
convert, adjust, amend, affect,
transform, correct, vary, shift.
ANTONYMS: (v) continue, keep,
leave, preserve, worsen, retain,
standardize, straighten, clarify
alteration: (n) adjustment, change,
revision, shift, changeover,
conversion, modification, variation,
reversal, metamorphosis,
amendment. ANTONYMS: (n)
fixity, preservation
altered: (adj) transformed, changed,
diversified, varied, distorted,
affected, castrated, malformed,
misrepresented, misshapen; (v)
battered. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unaltered, unadjusted
altering: (n) castration, fixing,
interchange, neutering; (adj)
changing, alterant
alternately: (adv) alternatively, by
turns, in turn, secondarily,
reciprocally, mutually, off-and-on,
rather, anthemwise, secondly; (adj,
adv) on and off
amazement: (n) admiration, wonder,
surprise, consternation,
stupefaction, stupor, wonderment,
feeling, alarm, jolt; (v) amaze.
ANTONYMS: (n) preparation,
indifference, expectation, coolness,
cool, composure, calmness,
contempt, belief
amazing: (adj) astonishing, terrific,
wonderful, incredible, awesome,
astounding, breathtaking,
extraordinary, fabulous, impressive,
tremendous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
Jane Austen
ordinary, boring, predictable,
unremarkable, modest, insignificant,
comforting, dire, humdrum
amazingly: (adj, adv) wonderfully,
stupendously, awfully; (adv)
surprisingly, astoundingly,
extraordinarily, spectacularly,
marvelously, fabulously, terrificly,
terrifically. ANTONYMS: (adv)
predictably, mildly
ambition: (n) aim, hope, goal, drive,
ambitiousness, wish, dream,
purpose, target, objective, intention.
ANTONYMS: (n) satisfaction,
contentment, sloth, laziness,
lethargy
amended: (adj) corrected, reformed,
altered, better. ANTONYM: (adj)
unamended
amendment: (n) alteration,
betterment, redress, improvement,
revision, addition, supplement,
addendum, appendix,
transformation, adjustment
amends: (n) atonement,
compensation, recompense,
satisfaction, redress, damages,
reprisal, indemnity, requital; (n, v)
restitution, restoration
amiable: (adj) friendly, genial,
agreeable, benign, complaisant,
sweet, cordial, pleasant, likable,
nice, lovely. ANTONYMS: (adj)
disagreeable, argumentative,
aggressive, antisocial, unkind,
hateful, mean, quarrelsome, rude,
surly, cold
amiably: (adv) kindly, affably,
graciously, decently, courteously,
thoughtfully, cordially, lovelily, in a
friendly way, favorably, pleasantly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) unkindly,
disagreeably
amidst: (adv, prep) among; (adv)
amongst; (prep) between, midst,
into
amiss: (adj, adv) wrong; (adj) bad,
haywire, faulty, astray, guilty; (adv)
badly, poorly, awry, wrongly, adrift.
ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) right; (adv)
perfectly, properly, suitably,
appropriately, correctly, well; (adj)
okay, correct, good
ample: (adj) abundant, big, broad,
copious, large, plentiful, heavy,
liberal, roomy, affluent,
considerable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
small, meager, insufficient, scarce,
sparse, scant, cramped, narrow,
partial, sketchy, slender
amply: (adj, adv) abundantly,
sufficiently; (adv) fully, well,
379
lavishly, plentifully, richly,
generously, enough, adequately,
capaciously. ANTONYMS: (adv)
meagerly, inadequately, illiberally,
sparingly, poorly
amuse: (v) please, beguile, absorb,
entertain, enjoy, disport, distract,
delight, occupy, recreate, rejoice.
ANTONYMS: (v) bore, dull, tire,
annoy, anger, cloy, depress, weary,
disappoint
amused: (adj) amusing, smiling,
tickled pink, pleased, diverted
amusement: (n) pleasure, recreation,
entertainment, distraction,
diversion, sport, pastime, laughter,
enjoyment, joy, hobby.
ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, boredom,
work, tedium, business,
despondency, discomfort,
displeasure
amusing: (adj) humorous, fun,
pleasant, entertaining, risible,
comical, diverting, enjoyable,
laughable, agreeable, pleasing.
ANTONYMS: (adj) tragic, boring,
unpleasant, unfunny, tiring, grim,
depressing, sad, annoying, heavy,
serious
anew: (adv) again, newly, lately,
recently, over again, once more,
once again, new; (adj) only
yesterday, the other day, just now
angel: (n, v) sponsor, support; (n)
backer, cherub, messenger, patron,
benefactor, saint; (adj) Dulcinea,
goddess; (adj, n) darling.
ANTONYMS: (n) fiend, devil, jerk,
demon
anger: (n) fury, rage, displeasure,
resentment, indignation; (v) incense,
offend, irritate, exasperate; (adj)
angry; (n, v) wrath. ANTONYMS:
(v) placate, pacify, tickle; (n)
pleasure, composure, glee, affection,
serenity, goodwill, forbearance; (n,
v) calm
angrily: (adv) irately, passionately,
fiercely, indignantly, cholericly,
resentfully, enragedly, infuriatedly,
wrathfully, madly, crossly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) warmly, lightly,
calmly, cheerfully, gently, gladly
anguish: (n, v) pain, ache; (n)
torment, agony, torture, distress,
misery, suffering, despair, grief,
sorrow. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure,
happiness, calm, euphoria,
joyfulness, ecstasy, content, peace,
hopefulness
animated: (adj) alive, lively, animate,
perky, spirited, sprightly, brisk,
 380
cheerful, quick, vivacious, airy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lethargic, dull,
blank, lifeless, spiritless, stiff,
unanimated, bored, impassive,
unexciting, dead
animating: (adj) enlivening,
invigorating, inspiriting, inspiring,
proceleusmatic, stirring,
exhilarating, glad, animated,
exciting; (n) awakening
animation: (adj, n) life, vivacity; (n)
liveliness, vitality, activity, spirit,
exhilaration, dash, energy,
buoyancy; (adj) alacrity.
ANTONYMS: (n) lethargy,
lifelessness, inertness, inertia,
sluggishness, boredom
ankle: (n) knuckle, kimbo, crane,
fluke, crutch, crotch, zigzag, groin,
sickle, scythe, malleolus
annexed: (adj) affiliated, enclosed; (v)
adjunct, appendant
annihilation: (n) abolition, death,
slaughter, destruction, obliteration,
extermination, extirpation,
disintegration, demolition, defeat,
pulverization. ANTONYMS: (n)
preservation, survival, creation,
protection
announce: (v) advertise, declare,
enunciate, proclaim, return,
promulgate, publicize, publish, tell,
communicate, foretell.
ANTONYMS: (v) withhold, conceal,
repress, request
announcing: (n) publicity,
communication; (adj) annunciative
annuity: (n) rente, allowance,
revenue, payment, income, tontine,
acquisition, bond issue without
fixed maturity, annual instalment,
annual repayment, retirement fund
answerable: (adj, v) amenable, liable,
responsible, subject, exposed,
bound; (v) uncommendable,
exceptionable; (adj) conformable,
adequate, responsal. ANTONYMS:
(adj) irrefutable, unaccountable
answering: (adj) respondent,
responsive, according, agreeing,
responsory; (n) respondency
anticipate: (v) expect, foretell, think,
forecast, forestall, calculate,
estimate, predict, prevent, presume,
guess. ANTONYM: (v) doubt
anticipated: (adj) expected, foreseen,
predictable, due, estimated,
appointed, awaited, coming,
forthcoming, natural, planned
anticipating: (v) anticipate; (adj)
pregnant, anticipant, hopeful, ready,
oracular
Sense and Sensibility
anticipation: (n) forecast, hope,
foresight, prevention, augury,
expectance, hopefulness,
prefiguration, presentiment; (n, v)
outlook, prospect. ANTONYMS: (n)
despair, boredom
anxiety: (n) disquiet, trouble, fear,
care, alarm, anxiousness,
uneasiness, worry, anguish, concern;
(adj, n) solicitude. ANTONYMS: (n)
calm, bravery, confidence,
reassurance, security, relaxation,
indifference, serenity, tranquility,
peace, satisfaction
anxiously: (adv) uneasily, restlessly,
carefully, worriedly, fearfully,
nervously, concernedly, solicitously,
timidly, keenly, enthusiastically.
ANTONYMS: (adv) calmly,
confidently, merrily, indifferently,
fearlessly, nonchalantly, patiently,
unconcernedly
anymore: (adv) any longer, yet
apartment: (n) residence, lodging,
suite, place, dwelling, chamber,
room, abode, house, home,
accommodation
apologies: (n) regret
apologize: (n) palliate, extenuate,
apology, gloze; (n, v) excuse; (v)
apologise, beg pardon, give
satisfaction, justify, plead; (adj)
sorry. ANTONYM: (v) defy
apology: (n, v) excuse; (n) amends,
regret, defense, justification, reason,
explanation, vindication, alibi,
acknowledgment; (v) apologize.
ANTONYMS: (n) blame,
reprehension, accusation,
shamelessness, epitome
apothecary: (n) druggist, pharmacy,
chemist, caregiver, dispensing
chemist, medical attendant,
pothecary, potecary, pill pusher,
pharmacopolist, pharmacologist
appearances: (n) show, semblance,
outlook, indicia
appearing: (adj) seeming, beseen,
emergent, accomplished; (n) coming
into court; (prep) liking; (adj, adv)
prima facie
appeased: (adj) content, pacate
appetite: (n, v) desire; (n) appetence,
appetency, relish, inclination,
stomach, taste, thirst, passion,
liking, gusto. ANTONYMS: (n)
dislike, repulsion, revulsion, apathy,
distaste
applauded: (adj) famous, highly
praised, commended
applying: (adj) applicatory,
applicative
apprehended: (adj) arrested, seized,
understood, under arrest, in
custody, detained, appreciated,
comprehended
apprehension: (n) alarm,
comprehension, dread, misgiving,
understanding, capture, foreboding,
arrest, trepidation; (n, v) doubt,
appreciation. ANTONYMS: (n)
release, confidence, calmness,
tranquility, freeing,
misunderstanding, peace, relief,
bravery, calm, equanimity
apprehensive: (adj) anxious, fearful,
uneasy, alarmed, worried, timid,
doubtful, shy, insecure, jealous; (adj,
n) nervous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
assured, unworried, calm, unafraid,
cocksure, trusting, serene,
unconcerned, fearless, carefree,
brave
approaching: (adj) future,
forthcoming, impending, imminent,
oncoming, near; (adj, n) coming; (n,
v) approach; (adv) nearly, almost;
(prep) toward
approbation: (n, v) praise; (n)
applause, agreement, approval,
acclaim, sanction, commendation,
admiration, permission,
appreciation, favor. ANTONYMS:
(n) condemnation, disapproval,
criticism
approve: (v) adopt, allow, accept,
acknowledge, ratify, let, agree,
endorse, admit, support, applaud.
ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, censure,
disapprove, veto, forbid, invalidate,
disallow, disrespect, deny,
desecrate, oppose
apricot: (n) apricot tree, peach,
abricock, abricot, apricots, pink,
orange, salmon pink, yellowish pink
aptitude: (n) capability, skill,
capacity, fitness, facility, dexterity,
potential, talent, flair, gift,
proficiency. ANTONYMS: (n)
inability, inaptitude, stupidity,
disinclination, incapacity,
skillessness, incompetence
arbour: (n) bower, pergola,
summerhouse
archness: (n) playfulness, craftiness,
cunning, wiliness, slyness,
perkiness, flippancy, hatred,
astuteness, malice, pertness.
ANTONYM: (n) humility
ardent: (adj, n) enthusiastic, glowing;
(adj, v) burning, fervent,
impassioned; (adj) keen, vehement,
eager, warm, acute, fervid.
ANTONYMS: (adj) apathetic, cool,

unenthusiastic, traitorous, mild,
frigid, dispassionate, cold, disloyal,
impassive, calm
ardour: (n) fervency, fervidness,
fervor, fervour, fire, elan, zeal,
violence, ardency, assiduity,
application
arise: (v) appear, emerge, result,
issue, mount, proceed, originate, get
up, ascend, awake, stand up.
ANTONYMS: (v) end, sit, recline,
stop, retire, disappear, descend,
cease, fade
arisen: (adj) risen
arose: (v) happen, occur
arranged: (adj) settled, regular,
prepared, orderly, fixed, organized,
ready, tidy, straight, ordered, neat.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disorderly,
disorganized, changing,
unprepared, untidy
arranging: (n) arrange, arrangements,
disposition, composing,
composition, order, position, set,
orchestration, organization,
agreement
arrive: (n, v) come, appear; (v)
mature, reach, attain, succeed, turn
up, land, fall, get in, show.
ANTONYMS: (v) go, depart, fail,
fall, lose, exit
arriving: (n) arrival; (adj) incoming,
inbound, received, external,
homeward bound, inward, new,
inward bound. ANTONYM: (adj)
outgoing
artful: (adj) crafty, cunning,
scheming, wily, shrewd, insidious,
designing, sly, adroit, subtle,
disingenuous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
artless, unskillful, inept, ingenuous,
unskilled, open, straight
articulate: (v) speak, pronounce,
utter, vocalize, voice, state, say,
joint, enunciate, express; (adj)
eloquent. ANTONYMS: (adj)
incoherent, unintelligible, illogical,
misrepresented, mumbled, unclear,
unarticulated; (v) mumble,
disconnect, misrepresent, misspeak
articulation: (n, v) juncture, hinge; (n)
enunciation, junction, accent,
diction, delivery, utterance,
pronunciation, speech, link.
ANTONYMS: (n) mumble, murmur
artificial: (adj) affected, theatrical,
unreal, unnatural, strained, man-
made, bogus, forced, phony,
feigned, false. ANTONYMS: (adj)
genuine, real, sincere, authentic,
organic, untreated
artless: (adj) ingenuous, simple,
Jane Austen
innocent, naive, open, candid,
unsophisticated, unpretentious,
unaffected, sincere, rugged.
ANTONYMS: (adj) artful,
sophisticated, complicated,
unnatural, pretentious, insincere,
disingenuous, affected, forced,
experienced, cunning
artlessness: (n) simplicity, naivete,
naturalness, ingenuousness,
naiveness, naivety, unaffectedness,
spontaneity, lack of pretension,
rusticity, impulsiveness.
ANTONYMS: (n) artfulness,
sophistication, affectedness
ascending: (adj) uphill, rising,
assurgent, climbing, ascendent; (n)
ascension, ascent, rise, advance,
movement; (v) go up
ascertain: (v) determine, find out,
learn, discover, check, tell, control,
find, ensure, detect; (adj, v)
establish. ANTONYM: (v) disprove
ascertained: (adj) discovered,
determined; (v) absolute,
recognized, received, noted,
notorious, decisive, unmistakable,
unequivocal, positive
ashamed: (adj) hangdog, guilty,
embarrassed, sheepish, remorseful,
regretful, bashful, disconcerted,
contrite, chagrined; (v) dashed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) proud, arrogant,
unremorseful, unashamed, pleased,
blatant, bold, happy, unabashed,
unrepentant
asleep: (adj) sleeping, deceased,
sleepy, dormant, numb, dead, sound
asleep, snoozing, slumbering,
napping, gone. ANTONYMS: (adj)
up, attentive, alert, conscious
assembled: (adj) amassed, collected,
collective, concentrated, united,
gather, assembling, gathered,
massed, built, aggregate
assent: (n) acceptance, acquiescence,
approval, agreement, compliance,
admission, approbation; (v) accede,
accord, agree; (adj, v) acquiesce.
ANTONYMS: (v) resist, disagree,
disapprove, reject, refuse; (n)
disagreement, refusal, resistance
assertion: (n) statement, argument,
claim, avowal, contention, charge,
testimony, profession, allegation,
accusation, position. ANTONYMS:
(n) denial, disavowal, uncertainty
assiduities: (n) diligence, attention
assiduous: (adj) industrious, active,
busy, sedulous, thorough,
hardworking, painstaking, careful,
devoted, untiring, studious.
381
ANTONYMS: (adj) lazy, neglectful,
negligent, casual, lax, weary,
slapdash, indolent, inconsistent,
sloppy
assigned: (adj) designated, allotted,
specified, destined, designate,
allocated, definite
assist: (n, v) aid, help, support; (v)
abet, serve, contribute, boost,
relieve, encourage, to help, facilitate.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) impede,
oppose; (v) thwart, disrupt, hamper,
hurt, stop, worsen, shun; (n)
hindrance, counteract
assisted: (adj) aided
assisting: (adj) aiding, auxiliary,
subsidiary, suffragan, adjuvant,
supporting, support, secondary,
supplementary, assistant; (n)
helping. ANTONYM: (adj) main
associate: (n, v) affiliate, connect,
link; (n) partner, fellow, companion,
assistant, accomplice, adjunct; (v)
company, relate. ANTONYMS: (v)
avoid, distance, separate,
disconnect, clear, divide, estrange;
(adj) chief; (n) stranger, rival,
competitor
associating: (n) connection, reference
assuage: (n, v) alleviate, appease,
ease, solace; (v) calm, abate,
mitigate, relieve, temper, soften;
(adj, v) pacify. ANTONYMS: (v)
aggravate, upset, accentuate,
exacerbate
assurance: (n) confidence, guarantee,
belief, pledge, security, promise,
sureness, poise, conviction, nerve,
warrant. ANTONYMS: (n) doubt,
uncertainty, mistrust, lie, fiction,
awkwardness, timidity, clumsiness
assure: (n, v) certify, warrant, vouch;
(v) secure, persuade, satisfy,
reassure, affirm, promise, ascertain;
(adj, v) ensure. ANTONYMS: (v)
alarm, disclaim, deny, disbelieve,
undermine
assured: (adj, v) certain, sure; (adj)
confident, guaranteed, positive,
definite, assertive, confirmed,
convinced, reliable, safe.
ANTONYMS: (adj) uncertain,
doubtful, unsure, troubled, timid,
questionable, hesitant, confused,
halting, unlikely
assuring: (adj) ensuring, insure,
insuring, assure, ensure, giving
confidence, securing, likely,
promising
astonished: (adj) astonish,
dumbfounded, flabbergasted,
stunned, aghast, bewildered,
 382
astounded, taken aback,
thunderstruck, astonied; (v) amaze
astonishing: (adj) amazing,
wonderful, stupendous, prodigious,
strange, surprising, astounding,
incredible, breathtaking; (v)
astonish; (adj, n) marvelous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary,
humdrum, boring, mundane, dull,
expected, predictable, usual,
comforting
astonishment: (n) admiration,
wonder, wonderment, surprise,
marvel, stupefaction, confusion,
consternation, awe, alarm, startle.
ANTONYMS: (n) calmness, belief,
contempt
astray: (adj, adv) adrift, off course;
(adj) lost, wrong, disoriented, awry;
(adv) amiss, widely, far, afield,
aside. ANTONYM: (adj) accurate
asunder: (adj, v) separate; (adv)
aside, in two; (adj, adv) in Twain;
(adj) loose, distant, adrift, aloof; (v)
discrete, far between, free.
ANTONYM: (adv) together
atone: (v) satisfy, pay, propitiate,
indemnify, compensate, make up,
recoup, apologize, abye, aby, repent.
ANTONYM: (v) forfeit
atonement: (n) amends, reparation,
satisfaction, compensation, penance,
redress, redemption, reconciliation,
recompense, propitiation, penitence
atoning: (v) atone; (adj) apologetic,
expiatory, penitent, piacular,
satisfactory
attach: (v) append, adhere, add, affix,
bind, link, associate, assign, nail,
apply, annex. ANTONYMS: (v)
undo, separate, unfasten,
disconnect, free, deflect, dissociate,
loosen, quit, take, unscrew
attached: (adj) affectionate,
committed, affiliated, associated,
devoted, fond, loving, loyal, near,
added; (n) attachment.
ANTONYMS: (adj) separate,
unmarried, unattached, vagile, free,
distant
attaching: (n) fastening; (adj)
adhesive
attachment: (n) appendix, addition,
accessory, adherence, regard, link,
bond, fitting, devotion, liking,
connection. ANTONYMS: (n)
aversion, estrangement, repulsion,
separation, dislike
attachments: (n) equipment
attacked: (adj) assaulted, corroded
attainable: (adj) possible, obtainable,
gettable, available, feasible,
Sense and Sensibility
approachable, accessible, viable,
doable, realistic, open.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unattainable,
unachievable, impossible
attained: (adj) attains, attaint,
reached, complete, earned, fulfilled
attendance: (n) appearance, turnout,
audience, attending, being there,
hearing, tendance, retinue, attention,
contribution, ministry. ANTONYM:
(n) nonattendance
attendant: (n) companion, follower,
assistant, escort, subordinate,
employee, guide, varlet; (adj)
accompanying, concomitant,
incidental. ANTONYMS: (n)
superior, boss; (adj) absent,
unrelated, significant
attendants: (n) entourage, followers,
retinue, tendance, persons present,
suite
attended: (adj) attent, fraught, tended
to
attending: (v) attend; (n) presence,
nursing, care, appearing,
observation; (adj) concomitant,
attendant, ministrant, in attendance,
ancillary. ANTONYMS: (n)
nonattendance, inattention
attentive: (adj) assiduous, diligent,
heedful, watchful, observant,
advertent, mindful, careful, aware,
alert, respectful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unfocused, negligent, neglectful,
forgetful, heedless, unobservant,
rude, unprepared, unconscious,
uncaring, inconsiderate
attentively: (adv) carefully,
mindfully, watchfully, observantly,
heedfully, vigilantly, cautiously,
considerately, diligently, alertly,
obligingly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
unhelpfully, neglectfully, abruptly,
carelessly, hastily, casually
attract: (v) charm, beguile, tempt,
enamor, invite, entice, captivate,
draw, arrest, beckon; (adj, v) allure.
ANTONYMS: (v) disgust, repulse,
dismiss, appall, shun, exude
attracted: (adj) paying attention,
concerned, enamored, enthusiastic,
interested, involved, amatory
attraction: (n) allure, invitation,
affinity, appeal, charm, allurement,
lure, fascination, bait, draw,
attractiveness. ANTONYMS: (n)
repulsion, revulsion, disgust,
aversion, repellant, drawback
attribute: (adj, n) quality, property;
(n, v) assign; (n) feature, emblem,
characteristic, peculiarity, mark; (v)
credit, impute, accredit
attributed: (adj) credited.
ANTONYM: (adj) unofficial
attributing: (n) reference
audacity: (n) nerve, audaciousness,
effrontery, arrogance, temerity,
cheek, impertinence, insolence,
courage; (n, v) impudence; (adj, n)
presumption. ANTONYMS: (n)
cowardice, propriety, decorum,
circumspection, courtesy, fear,
respect, spinelessness, reticence
audible: (adj) plain, hearable,
distinct, detectable, sounding, sharp,
sonic, definite, discernible,
perceptible, sensory. ANTONYMS:
(adj) inaudible, unintelligible,
undetectable, silent, faint
augment: (v) amplify, add, enhance,
enlarge, aggrandize, reinforce,
boost, expand, improve, intensify;
(n, v) accrue. ANTONYMS: (v)
reduce, decrease, attenuate,
degrade, drop, diminish,
undermine, minimize, lower
augmented: (adj) amplified, enlarged,
greater than before, inflated, plus,
more
augmenting: (adj) augmentative,
increscent, building, cumulative; (v)
augment; (n) continuation,
development
aunt: (n) uncle, auntie, aunty, father's
younger brother's wife, father's
older brother's wife, mother's sister,
kinswoman, nephew, niece, paternal
aunt, maternal uncle's wife
auspicious: (adj) lucky, favorable,
propitious, happy, prosperous,
providential, successful, opportune;
(adj, n) fortunate, helpful; (adj, v)
auspicial. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unfortunate, inopportune,
unfavorable, untimely, ominous,
unlucky, insignificant
auspiciously: (adv) propitiously,
luckily, fortunately, opportunely,
promisingly, favorably,
providentially, prosperously,
hopefully, advantageously,
encouragingly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
inauspiciously, unfortunately,
negatively
authorised: (adj) authorized,
empowered, licensed, accredited,
entitled, licenced, glorified, official,
commissioned
avail: (n, v) advantage, assist, aid,
profit, benefit, help; (adj, n) service;
(n) good, assistance, utility; (v) do.
ANTONYMS: (v) useless, hurt,
hinder, harm; (n) inappropriateness
avarice: (n) cupidity, covetousness,

rapacity, avariciousness, avidity,
eagerness, voracity, voraciousness,
stinginess; (adj, n) greediness; (adj)
extortion. ANTONYMS: (n)
philanthropy, benevolence, charity
avoided: (adj) unpopular
avoiding: (n) shunning; (adj) fugitive,
antisocial
avowal: (n) declaration, assertion,
affirmation, admission, statement,
recognition, acknowledgement,
announcement, confession,
testimony; (n, v) profession
await: (v) anticipate, abide, bide,
tarry, wait, attend, look, hope,
approach, loom, come on.
ANTONYM: (v) doubt
awaited: (adj) expected, appointed,
scheduled, forthcoming, prospective
awake: (v) wake, awaken, realize,
waken; (adj) alive, alert, attentive,
conscious, keen, intelligent; (adj, v)
broad awake. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unconscious, sleeping, comatose,
sleepy, relaxed; (v) deaden, lull,
sleep
awaken: (v) arouse, wake, rouse, call,
stir, kindle, get up, raise, wake up,
waken, revive. ANTONYMS: (v)
dampen, calm, retire, suppress,
spoil, quench, douse, stifle
awakened: (adj) excited, aroused,
awakens, awoke, interested
awakening: (n) arousal, waking up,
revival, disenchantment,
awakenment, introduction,
provocation; (adj) arousing, moving,
animating; (v) awake. ANTONYM:
(n) suppression
awaking: (n) waking, awakening
awful: (adj) fearful, dreadful, terrible,
abominable, appalling, nasty,
abhorrent, atrocious, bad, horrible,
lousy. ANTONYMS: (adj) excellent,
wonderful, marvelous, great, lovely,
nice, pleasant, beautiful, pleasing,
good, minor
awhile: (adj) in transitu, en passant;
(adv) briefly
awkward: (adj) inconvenient, clumsy,
embarrassing, uncomfortable,
ungainly, untoward, crude, inept,
sticky, left-handed, heavy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful, easy,
adroit, manageable, straightforward,
simple, dexterous, rotund,
convenient, helpful, skillful
awkwardness: (n) embarrassment,
stiffness, unwieldiness,
inconvenience, gawkiness,
inelegance, troublesomeness,
ineptitude, ineptness, gaucherie;
Jane Austen
(adj, n) delicacy. ANTONYMS: (n)
gracefulness, grace, comfort,
coordination, pride, urbanity, ease,
assurance, liveliness, confidence,
cooperation
awoke: (adj) awakened
bachelor: (adj) single, unmarried,
unattached; (n) unmarried man,
graduate, knight bachelor, widower,
old bachelor, spinster, adult male,
agamist. ANTONYMS: (adj)
married; (n) husband
backwardness: (n) reserve,
abnormality, amentia, stupidity,
arrearage, diffidence, bashfulness,
shyness, lag, mongoloid,
subnormality
backwards: (adv) back, rearward,
rearwards, vice versa, conversely,
aback, abaft; (adj) upside down,
adverse; (adj, adv) topsy-turvy; (v)
fall back
badness: (n) evil, wickedness,
evilness, ill, naughtiness,
disobedience, intensity,
intensiveness, quality, roguishness,
viciousness. ANTONYMS: (n)
goodness, decency, good
balls: (n) guts, family jewels,
intestinal fortitude, nerve, spirit,
tenacity, valor, audacity, prowess
banish: (v) dispel, expel, displace,
relegate, oust, expatriate, eject,
dismiss, transport, cast out; (adj, v)
exile. ANTONYMS: (v) keep,
embrace, adopt, invite, include
banns: (n) announcement
barbarous: (adj) barbaric, savage,
gothic, brutal, heathen, truculent,
rude, fell, ferocious, fierce,
uncivilized. ANTONYMS: (adj) nice,
cultured, civilized, sophisticated,
refined, humane
barbarously: (adv) felly, brutally,
barbarically, cruelly, savagely,
fiercely, ferociously, coarsely,
rudely, wildly, crudely
bargain: (adj, n, v) cheap; (n, v)
covenant, deal; (n) agreement,
treaty, arrangement, buy, chaffer; (v)
exchange, stipulate, agree.
ANTONYM: (adj) inflated
barouche: (n) rig, equipage, carriage,
break, chariot, drag, landau, mail
phaeton, phaeton, Tilbury,
wagonette
barton: (n) berewick
bashful: (adj) timid, diffident,
ashamed, coy, backward, modest,
shy, retiring, shrinking, mousy,
blate. ANTONYMS: (adj) confident,
loud, unabashed, swaggering,
383
forward, brazen, brave, outgoing
basket: (n) cage, hamper, basketful,
creel, Corf, coop, bucket, spinner
basket, bassinet, containerful, cradle
bathed: (adj) sweaty
bearing: (n, v) demeanor; (n) manner,
direction, deportment, conduct,
attitude, aspect, approach,
appearance, respect, air.
ANTONYMS: (n) insignificance,
irrelevance; (adj) nonbearing
bears: (n) fissiped, badgers,
Carnivora, order Carnivora
beasts: (n) stock
beau: (adj, n) admirer, lover,
follower; (n) swain, fop, dude,
coxcomb, boyfriend, chap, love,
dandy
beautifully: (adv) exquisitely, nicely,
gorgeously, splendidly,
handsomely, attractively, superbly,
charmingly, divinely, grandly,
elegantly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
unappealingly, tastelessly,
abysmally, harshly, horribly, badly
bedchamber: (n) bedroom,
dormitory, room, sleeping room,
master bedroom, boudoir
beef: (n, v) grumble, moan, grouse,
squawk, groan; (n) complaint, ox,
fuss, beeves; (v) grouch, complain.
ANTONYMS: (n) impotence, praise;
(v) rejoice
befall: (v) bechance, become, happen,
fall, arise, come about, occur, betide,
chance, transpire, pass
begging: (n) mendicancy, request,
plea; (v) asking, beg; (adj)
beseeching, entreating, mendicant,
imploring, suppliant, vagabond
behave: (n, v) conduct, exercise; (v)
bear, deal, deport, operate, perform,
acquit, walk, react, go.
ANTONYMS: (v) misdemean,
malfunction
beheld: (adj) visual
behold: (v) see, view, contemplate,
regard, perceive, observe, look,
consider, discern, descry, watch.
ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, disregard,
ignore, overlook
beholding: (n) fusion, seeing, visual
perception, look
believing: (adj) faith, believe, faithful,
basic cognitive process, gullible,
Catholic, religious, loyal, certain,
Christian, credent
bell: (n, v) chime; (n) gong,
Alexander Graham Bell, ring,
doorbell, handbell, tocsin, alarum,
Alexander Bell, buzz, angelus
belonging: (adj) appertaining,
 384
appertinent, apropos, apposite; (n)
household, family, appendage,
appurtenance, intimacy,
commodity, closeness. ANTONYM:
(n) antipathy
beloved: (adj, n) dear, darling,
favorite, pet; (adj) precious, loved,
cherished; (n) love, dearest, honey,
sweetheart. ANTONYMS: (adj)
detested, despised, disliked
benefactress: (n) helper, patroness,
donor, patron
beneficial: (adj) favorable, fruitful,
handy, profitable, useful, expedient,
propitious, productive, healthy,
conducive, good. ANTONYMS:
(adj) useless, disadvantageous,
harmful, unhelpful, unhealthy,
unprofitable, destructive,
detrimental, inauspicious, negative,
unfortunate
benevolence: (n) beneficence,
affection, favor, mercy, compassion,
favour, kindness, benefaction, pity,
kindliness, generosity.
ANTONYMS: (n) malevolence,
meanness, cruelty, misanthropy,
wickedness, nastiness, malice
benevolent: (adj) good, charitable,
generous, kind, philanthropic,
gracious, loving, amiable; (adj, n)
beneficent, compassionate, kindly.
ANTONYMS: (adj) malicious,
unfeeling, mean, selfish, unkind,
misanthropic, nasty, hardhearted,
inhumane
benignant: (adj) benevolent, benign,
gracious, merciful, humane, kindly,
kind, good, mild, genial, fond.
ANTONYM: (adj) malign
bent: (adj) curved, arched, deformed,
crooked; (n) propensity, inclination,
fancy, leaning, flair, gift, curvature.
ANTONYMS: (n) weakness,
inability, aversion; (adj)
undetermined, undecided,
uncurved, uncaring, rigid, unbent
bequeath: (n, v) will; (v) leave, give,
pass on, demise, entrust, endow,
devise, transmit, remember, donate.
ANTONYMS: (v) disown,
withdraw, take
bequeathed: (adj) hereditary
bequest: (n, v) will; (n) endowment,
patrimony, estate, inheritance,
heirloom, heritage, donation, gift,
allowance, bequeathal
berkeley: (n) George Berkeley
beset: (v) beleaguer, afflict, assault,
siege, molest, worry, attack, plague,
obsess, assail; (adv, v) surround
besides: (adv) as well, moreover, too,
Sense and Sensibility
furthermore, again, as well as,
anyway, additionally; (prep) apart
from, beside; (adj, adv) more
bespeak: (v) augur, reserve, point,
engage, betoken, auspicate, mark,
prefigure, foreshadow; (n, v) argue,
imply
bespoke: (adj) bespoken, custom,
engaged, affianced, commissioned,
customized, made to measure, made
to order, modified, personalized,
specially made
bestow: (v) give, confer, grant,
impart, contribute, donate, apply,
award; (adj, v) accord, allow,
present. ANTONYMS: (v) deprive,
refuse, withhold, retrieve, withdraw
bestowed: (adj) presented, conferred,
awarded, accurate
betray: (v) deceive, bewray, sell,
grass, dupe, reveal, mislead,
disclose, accuse, befool, bamboozle.
ANTONYMS: (v) protect,
undeceive, hide, defend, withhold
betraying: (adj) treacherous,
revealing, Judas
betty: (n) henhussy, cot Betty, old
woman, cotquean, sissy
bewitching: (adj, v) charming,
fascinating, captivating, engaging;
(adj) attractive, seductive, lovely,
winning, entrancing, enthralling; (v)
bewitch
bias: (n, v) prejudice, bent, slant,
influence, twist; (adj, n) partiality;
(n) penchant, drift, turn, favor,
slope. ANTONYMS: (n) neutrality,
fairness, tolerance, justice, justness,
broadmindedness
biased: (adj) slanted, partial, unfair,
skewed, coloured, predisposed,
prejudiced, jaundiced, subjective,
colored, bigoted. ANTONYMS: (adj)
neutral, fair, just, impartial,
balanced, innocent, objective,
broadminded
bidding: (n) behest, order, dictate,
charge, bid, request, call, dictation,
direction, fiat; (adj) imperative
biddy: (n) hen, chick, amah, bonne,
nurse, dame, maidservant,
housemaid, pullet, chicken, cackler
bide: (v) abide, await, endure, bear,
remain, last, dwell; (adj, v) tarry,
wait; (adj) tolerate, stand.
ANTONYMS: (v) go, move, hurry
billiard: (n) pool, one thousand
billions
billiards: (n) billa, pingpong,
pyramids, pool, bagatelle
bind: (adj, v) attach, fix, fasten, affix;
(n) band; (v) bandage, lace, fetter,
bundle, truss, combine.
ANTONYMS: (v) untie, unbind,
free, unfasten, unravel, permit,
loosen, loose, let; (n, v) release; (n)
pleasure
bitch: (n, v) gripe, moan; (n) harlot,
beef, slut, shrew, trollop, kick, hen,
cunt; (v) complain
bitter: (adj, v) acrimonious, acrid;
(adj) sharp, acid, malicious, caustic,
virulent, sour, resentful, keen,
acerbic. ANTONYMS: (adj) mild,
charitable, hot, sugary, kind,
wonderful, warm, pleasant, nice,
agreeable, gentle
bitterly: (adv) bitingly, sourly,
fiercely, cruelly, caustically, harshly,
poignantly, piercingly, cuttingly,
rancorously, acrimoniously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) harmoniously,
sweetly, warmly, gladly, agreeably,
kindly, friendly
blackguard: (n) ruffian, rogue, dog,
rascal, heel, hound, cad; (adj) base,
vile; (v) vituperate, revile
blamable: (adj) faulty, culpable,
reprehensible, blameworthy,
blameable, blameful, censurable,
delinquent, reprovable,
condemnable, accountable
blame: (v) arraign, chide; (n, v)
reprimand, censure, attack, charge,
reproach, rap, rebuke, fault; (n)
onus. ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise; (v)
absolve, exonerate, commend, clear,
acquit; (n) vindication, exoneration,
honor, absolution, glory
blameable: (adj) culpable, guilty,
censurable, blameworthy, blameful
blamed: (adj) goddamned, goddamn,
damned, goddam, infernal,
damnable, ageless, answerable,
beatified, blessed, aeonian
blameless: (adj) irreproachable,
perfect, faultless, unimpeachable,
pure, spotless, innocent, guiltless,
inculpable, not guilty, clean.
ANTONYMS: (adj) culpable,
blameworthy, responsible, wrong,
bad, sinful, shameful, flawed
blank: (adj) bare, empty, unfilled,
pure, vacant, clean; (n) space,
blankness, form, vacuity; (v) addle.
ANTONYMS: (adj) full, expressive,
used, understanding, thoughtful,
incomplete, marked, filled, excited,
lively, aware
blast: (adj, n, v) discharge, explosion,
burst; (n, v) attack, slam, smash,
boom, blight, roar; (adj, v) blow up;
(v) detonate
blasted: (adj) cursed, infernal,

damned, goddamn, darned, damn,
goddamned, blessed, deuced,
blame, blamed
bless: (v) consecrate, celebrate,
sanctify, anoint, eulogize, sign,
praise, keep, grant, glorify; (n)
blessing. ANTONYMS: (v) curse,
condemn, disapprove, damn,
disallow, deny
blessed: (adj) happy, holy, cursed,
sacred, damned, hallowed, blasted,
fortunate, saintly, lucky, divine.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unlucky,
condemned, damned, disapproved,
unhappy, unholy, secular
blessing: (n) benediction, approval,
mercy, felicity, benison, benefit,
luck, advantage, boon, bless,
godsend. ANTONYMS: (n) curse,
misfortune, disaster, condemnation,
adversity, desecration, refusal, veto,
disadvantage
blessings: (n) blessing, godsend
blind: (n) curtain, shutter, veil, drape,
awning, trick; (v) bedazzle, dazzle,
daze; (adj) sightless; (adj, v) obscure.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sighted,
uncovered, understanding, sharp,
seeing, revealed, quick, perceptive,
open, controlled, cautious
blinded: (adj) blindfolded, blinder,
blindly, reckless, unsighted,
blindfold, dizzy
blindly: (adv) darkly, dimly,
blindfoldly, purblindly, obscurely,
heedlessly, unreasoningly,
blindfold, unsightedly,
inconsiderately, ignorantly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) sensibly,
carefully, considerately, purposely
bliss: (n) happiness, joy, ecstasy,
pleasure, paradise, blessedness,
felicity, elation, beatitude, heaven,
blessing. ANTONYMS: (n) misery,
sorrow, agony, grief, anguish,
sadness, suffering, gloom, hell,
dissatisfaction
blockhead: (n) dunderhead, ass,
idiot, beetlehead, dunce, dolt, fool,
loggerhead, muttonhead,
knucklehead; (n, v) block
bloom: (adj, n, v) flower; (v) prosper,
flourish, thrive, burgeon; (adj, v)
blow, fructify; (n) prime, blush,
flush, bud. ANTONYMS: (v) shrivel,
struggle, wane, die, deteriorate,
decrease; (n) pallor, withering
blooming: (adj) rosy, thriving,
flourishing, healthy, prosperous,
ruddy, booming, blossoming,
cherry, verdant, green.
ANTONYMS: (adj) arid, pale
Jane Austen
blow: (n) beat, knock, shock, wallop,
gust, jolt; (adj, n, v) gasp, puff; (n, v)
blast, slap; (v) squander.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) calm; (v) save,
conserve, store, stillness, inhale,
come, arrive; (n) luck, comfort,
caress
blown: (adj) puffy, panting, swollen,
winded, inflated, moving, high,
haughty lofty, late; (v) puffing and
blowing; (n) blowen
blunder: (n, v) mistake, stumble, slip,
botch; (adj, n) fault; (n) error, gaffe,
trip; (v) fail, fumble; (adj, n, v) miss.
ANTONYMS: (v) succeed, correct,
accomplish, achieve; (n)
achievement
blunt: (adj, v) dull, deaden; (adj)
bluff, plain, direct, forthright, frank,
candid, outspoken, round, abrupt.
ANTONYMS: (v) hone, sharpen,
point, accentuate, needle; (adj)
devious, pointed, thoughtful, polite,
guarded, gentle
bluntly: (adv) frankly, directly,
rudely, bluffly, coarsely,
forthrightly, candidly, curtly,
brusquely, gruffly, openly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) deceitfully,
hesitantly, indirectly, guardedly,
politely
blush: (n, v) glow, color; (v) redden,
crimson; (n) red, bloom, rosiness,
ruddiness, redness; (adj) bashful;
(adv) blushingly. ANTONYMS: (v)
blanch, pale, blench; (n) paleness
blushing: (adj) rosy, coy, blushful,
flushed, red, shy, bashful,
overmodest, ruddy; (adv)
blushingly, ablush. ANTONYM:
(adj) pale
bluster: (v) brag, gasconade, swash,
bully; (n, v) swagger, roar, storm,
clatter; (n) boasting, bravado; (adj, v)
vapor. ANTONYMS: (n) mildness,
reticence, timidity
boast: (v) bluster, brag, blow, crow,
gasconade, show off, rodomontade,
exult; (n, v) vaunt, pride; (n)
arrogance. ANTONYMS: (n)
deprecation; (v) downplay, lack
boasting: (n) bluster, bravado,
rodomontade, swagger,
braggadocio, ostentation, show; (v)
brag; (adj) swaggering, vaporing,
strutting
bodily: (adj) material, corporeal,
corporal, animal, carnal, somatic,
real, personal, sensual; (adv)
altogether, fleshly. ANTONYMS:
(adj) mental, spiritual, soulful,
intellectual; (adv) mentally
385
boiled: (adj) intoxicated, poached,
stewed; (v) sodden
boisterous: (adj, n) rough; (adj)
furious, loud, noisy, fierce, raucous,
wild, rude, vociferous; (adj, v)
tempestuous, rampant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) restrained,
orderly, calm, dignified, silent,
tranquil, gentle, placid
bold: (adj) adventurous, audacious,
manly, arrogant, intrepid, fearless,
spirited, heroic, daring, courageous,
stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) timid,
modest, afraid, meek, shy, light,
courteous, discreet, faint, fearful,
abashed
boldly: (adj, adv) courageously,
valiantly, heroically; (adv)
fearlessly, daringly, bravely,
intrepidly, impudently, audaciously,
shamelessly, brashly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) discreetly, modestly,
nervously, hesitantly, shyly,
fearfully, meekly, submissively,
secretly, respectfully, diffidently
bond: (n) association, alliance, deed,
agreement, bail, attachment, joint;
(v) bind; (n, v) cement, band, link.
ANTONYMS: (v) unstick, open,
unfasten, loosen, disconnect, clash;
(n) separation, divorce
bones: (n) bone, frame, corpse, dry
bones, framework, maraca,
physician, finger cymbals, tymbal,
wreck, timbrel
bonnet: (n) cap, protection, chapeau,
tile, wimple, beret, lid, cowling,
castor, poke bonnet, sunbonnet
bore: (v) dig, tire, pierce, tap, annoy,
perforate; (n, v) bother, plague; (n)
auger, well, gimlet. ANTONYMS:
(v) fascinate, excite, hypnotize,
engage, entertain, stimulate; (n)
charmer, exciter, excitement,
pleasure
borne: (adj) weak, wanting, spoony,
soft, sappy, shallow, little, limited
borrow: (v) adopt, lend, appropriate,
to borrow, assume, take, accept,
acquire, plagiarize, cadge, get.
ANTONYMS: (v) give, invent, loan,
originate, return
borrowed: (adj) foreign, rubato,
secondary
bottoms: (n) swamp, lees, residue
bout: (n, v) round; (n) attack, spell,
turn, competition, fight, battle,
fighting, effort, game, fit
bowed: (adj) arched, curved, inclined,
crooked, arciform, arching, arced,
bandy, arcuate, twisted, bended.
ANTONYMS: (adj) straight,
 386
concave, plucked
bowing: (n) obeisance, playing,
gesticulation, capitulation,
genuflection, scraping, submission;
(adj) bowed, bent, fawning,
submissive
boyish: (adj) young, puerile,
adolescent, youthful, babyish,
childish, girlish, kittenish, boylike,
callow, immature. ANTONYM: (adj)
mature
branched: (adj) bifurcate, branching,
ramous, ramose, divided, biramous,
branchy, prongy, bearing branches,
split, pronged
braving: (n) try, effort, endeavour,
facing, attempt, confronting, coping
with, grappling, face, tackling
breaking: (n) breakage, breach,
violation, infringement,
contravention, smash, rift,
scutching, shift, intermission; (v)
deaden
breast: (n) boob, udder, tit, titty,
chest, knocker, mammilla, bust, pap,
heart; (n, v) front
breathing: (adj) animate, live, living,
respiratory, alive, above ground; (v)
breathe, respire; (n) respiration,
instant, moment. ANTONYMS: (adj)
inanimate, breathless, dead
breed: (n) variety, race, kind,
ancestry, sort, order, species; (v)
engender, multiply, beget, bear.
ANTONYMS: (v) destroy, eradicate,
ignore, kill, neglect, quell
breeding: (n) education, upbringing,
nurture, manners, reproduction,
generation, propagation, culture,
fostering, cultivation, multiplication.
ANTONYMS: (n) unsophistication,
vulgarity
brightness: (n) luminance, light,
shine, clarity, lustre, glow, glare,
glitter, luminosity; (n, v)
illumination, gloss. ANTONYMS:
(n) cloudiness, murkiness, dimness,
darkness, mistiness, softness,
sadness, bleakness, dirtiness,
pessimism; (adv) seriously
brilliancy: (n, v) brightness; (n)
brilliance, lustre, luster, splendor,
glitter, glory, radiance, splendour;
(adj, n) gorgeousness; (v) gloss
broken-hearted: (adj) despairing
brood: (n, v) breed; (v) sulk, think,
incubate; (n) offspring, issue,
progeny, young, posterity, family;
(adj, n) herd. ANTONYMS: (v)
reassure, delight, console
brooding: (adj) pondering,
thoughtful, contemplative, hatching,
Sense and Sensibility
meditative, pensive, wistful; (v)
brewing, batching; (n) chick
management, parturition.
ANTONYMS: (adj) shallow,
cheerful
brow: (n) peak, brink, brows, height,
summit, forehead, eyebrow, edge,
crown, brim, border. ANTONYM:
(n) trough
bruised: (adj) wounded, hurt, raw,
sore, livid, tender, sensitive, rotten,
surbet, sore to the touch, painful
brush: (n, v) broom, touch, kiss; (v)
sweep, polish, graze, clean; (n)
brushwood, conflict, copse,
encounter
bulk: (n) size, mass, volume,
majority, amount, capacity,
quantity, dimension, magnitude,
thickness; (adj, n) lump.
ANTONYMS: (n) minority,
lightness
burgess: (n) citizen, cit, townsman,
bourgeois, oppidan, cockney
burnt: (adj) adust, heated, baked,
torrid, sunburnt, seared, scorched,
well done, tempered, overdone,
combust. ANTONYMS: (adj)
underdone, unburned, wet
burst: (adj, n, v) crack; (adj, v) split,
blow up, explode, splinter, detonate;
(n, v) rupture, blast; (adj, n) flash; (v)
break out, belch. ANTONYMS: (v)
attach, join, connect, fasten, trickle
bury: (v) inter, overwhelm, lay to
rest, hide, mask, secrete, conceal,
cloak, entomb, suppress; (n) burial.
ANTONYMS: (v) exhume, unearth,
uncover, dig, disclose, distract,
expose, ignore, reveal, air,
remember
busily: (adv) actively, occupiedly,
briskly, industriously, engagedly,
energetically, assiduously, lively,
officiously, fussily, meddlesomely.
ANTONYM: (adv) inactively
bustle: (adj, n, v) hurry; (n, v) flurry,
ado, fuss, hustle; (adj, n) stir,
movement; (n) bother, commotion,
disorder; (adj, v) hasten.
ANTONYMS: (n) inactivity,
stillness, idleness; (v) laziness,
relaxation
butcher: (v) slaughter, kill, murder,
slay; (n, v) massacre, botch; (n)
assassin, bungler, slaughterer,
meatman, murderer. ANTONYMS:
(v) develop, create, grow, build
calculate: (v) estimate, compute, add,
account, appraise, gauge, cipher,
reckon, enumerate, forecast, guess.
ANTONYMS: (v) suppose, doubt,
estimate
calculated: (adj) purposeful,
intentional, intended, conscious,
premeditated, planned, measured,
strategic; (adj, v) studied; (v)
advised, designed. ANTONYMS:
(adj) ingenuous, spontaneous,
casual
calculation: (n) account, analysis,
estimate, forecast, computation,
deliberation, arithmetic, assessment,
projection; (adj, n) discretion; (v)
estimation. ANTONYM: (n)
ingenuousness
calling: (n) business, occupation, call,
avocation, job, trade, career,
employment, walk, pursuit; (n, v)
profession. ANTONYMS: (n)
entertainment, hobby
calm: (adj, n, v) assuage, appease,
lull; (adj, v) cool, pacify, peaceful,
easy, steady; (adj, adv, n, v) still; (n,
v) allay; (v) mollify. ANTONYMS:
(adj) agitated, wild, stormy,
nervous, angry, scared, terrified,
tense; (v) agitate, provoke; (adj, v)
upset
calmer: (n) placid, quiet
calming: (adj) sedative, reassuring,
pacifying, lulling, assuasive,
soporific, tranquilizing, restful; (n)
pacification, appeasement; (v)
soothe. ANTONYMS: (adj)
upsetting, stimulating, tense,
irritating, painful
calmly: (adv) stilly, tranquilly, coolly,
serenely, placidly, sedately,
smoothly, peacefully, easily,
undisturbedly, steadily.
ANTONYMS: (adv) anxiously,
hysterically, nervously, agitatedly,
uncontrollably, histrionically,
restlessly, frantically, irritably,
emotionally, tensely
calmness: (n) calm, composure,
quietness, poise, serenity, stillness,
quiet, silence, placidity, peace; (adj,
n) coolness. ANTONYMS: (n)
anxiety, nervousness, restlessness,
panic, fury, unrest, intensity,
discomposure, bustle, annoyance,
noise
canal: (n) channel, conduit, duct,
sound, culvert, adit, trench, sewer,
passage, watercourse, pipe
candid: (adj) blunt, outspoken,
ingenuous, direct, sincere, open,
forthright, artless, equitable, honest,
guileless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
scheming, tricky, artful, deceitful,
dishonest, guarded, indirect,
insincere, inhibited, disingenuous,

evasive
candidly: (adv) openly, ingenuously,
sincerely, outspokenly, honestly,
forthrightly, straightforwardly,
plainly, bluntly, directly; (adj, adv)
freely. ANTONYMS: (adv)
deceitfully, hesitantly, dishonestly,
untruthfully, guardedly,
ambiguously, shyly
candlelight: (adj) rushlight, firelight,
starlight; (n) candlelighting
candour: (n) candidness, frankness,
forthrightness, fairness, rectitude,
purity, straightforwardness, equity,
truth, sincerity, simplicity
cant: (n) jargon, lingo, slang,
vernacular, argot; (n, v) bank, tilt,
bias, incline; (adj, n) bevel; (v) list
canvassing: (n) canvass,
campaigning, whistle-stop tour,
electioneering, candidacy, ambition,
candidature
capability: (n) ability, aptitude,
abilities, potential, capableness, gift,
competence, power, qualification,
faculty, potency. ANTONYMS: (n)
failure, incapability, incompetence,
incapableness, insufficiency,
inexperience
caprice: (n) fancy, fantasy, humor,
quirk, freak, notion, impulse, fit,
capriccio, fad, vagary. ANTONYMS:
(n) plan, strategy, blueprint, reality
captivate: (adj, v) attract, charm,
fascinate; (v) bewitch, enchant, take,
lure, hypnotize; (n, v) allure, tempt,
entice. ANTONYMS: (v) repulse,
disillusion, offend, bore, annoy
captivating: (adj, v) enchanting,
charming, engaging; (adj) attractive,
absorbing, alluring, bewitching,
delightful, engrossing, lovely,
enthralling. ANTONYMS: (adj)
repellent, boring, unpleasant,
unappealing, forgettable, annoying
carefulness: (n) care, precision,
conscientiousness, prudence,
diligence, cautiousness, discretion,
frugality, thrift, attentiveness,
exactness. ANTONYMS: (n)
recklessness, negligence,
impulsiveness, incaution,
extravagance, foolishness, neglect,
messiness
careless: (adj) forgetful, inattentive,
insouciant, haphazard, cursory,
reckless, lax, unwary, sloppy; (adj,
adv) thoughtless; (adj, v) heedless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) cautious,
prudent, meticulous, thoughtful,
diligent, attentive, thorough, wary,
guarded, methodical, strict
Jane Austen
carelessly: (adv) incautiously, hastily,
recklessly, heedlessly, casually,
sloppily, imprudently,
inconsiderately, rashly, negligently,
unwarily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
thoroughly, diligently, carefully,
warily, laboriously, thoughtfully,
attentively, daintily, methodically,
discreetly, economically
carelessness: (n) negligence,
inattention, indifference,
nonchalance, thoughtlessness,
abandon, incaution, disregard,
omission, forgetfulness, dereliction.
ANTONYMS: (n) attention, caution,
alertness, vigilance, carefulness,
thoughtfulness, assiduousness,
economy, regard, prudence,
forethought
caressing: (adj) caressive, soft; (n)
petting, foreplay, stimulation,
dalliance, smooching, snuggling,
arousal, hugging, cuddling
caricature: (n) burlesque, satire,
cartoon, takeoff; (n, v) lampoon,
ridicule; (v) ape, travesty, take off,
spoof, mimic
carriage: (n) attitude, conveyance,
cab, air, walk, position, mien,
shipping; (n, v) transport, behavior,
port
carriages: (n) carriage
cartwright: (n) Wright, Edmund
cartwright
casement: (n) embrasure, casement
cloth
casino: (n) cassock, gaming-house,
gaming house, gambling den,
gambling house, social
establishment, hall, gambling
casino, discotheque, disco, coterie
cassino: (n) casino, put, quinze,
connections, cards, card game, brag,
speculation
catching: (adj) communicable,
infectious, epidemic, gripping,
transferable, zymotic; (n) discovery,
take, playing, uncovering, getting.
ANTONYM: (adj)
noncommunicable
cats: (n) Felidae, cates, public, people,
order Carnivora, fissiped mammal,
fissiped, Carnivora, bears, badgers,
family Felidae
caution: (n) advice, carefulness,
warning, wariness, precaution,
vigilance, prudence, admonition,
commandment; (v) warn, advise.
ANTONYMS: (n) carelessness,
rashness, incaution, honesty,
foolishness, encouragement,
irresponsibility, openness, approval;
387
(v) dare, approve
cautious: (adj) guarded, conservative,
prudent, watchful, attentive,
reserved, shy, provident, judicious,
circumspect, chary. ANTONYMS:
(adj) rash, open, impulsive,
impetuous, careless, irresponsible,
wasteful, incautious, thoughtless,
imprudent, unwary
cautiously: (adv) guardedly,
prudently, warily, circumspectly,
charily, discreetly, vigilantly,
timidly, attentively, watchfully,
sparingly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
openly, irresponsibly, imprudently,
bravely, recklessly, incautiously,
thoughtlessly, wastefully, tactlessly,
rashly, liberally
cautiousness: (n) caution, care,
wariness, attentiveness, chariness,
deliberation, discreetness,
precaution, circumspection,
discretion, forethought.
ANTONYM: (n) incaution
cavil: (v) carp, split hairs, equivocate,
quarrel, protest, repudiate, nitpick,
knock, reproach; (adj) refine; (n)
censoriousness
cease: (n, v) end, finish, stop; (v) quit,
terminate, break, break off, close,
conclude, discontinue, abstain.
ANTONYMS: (v) begin, start,
commence, persist, stay
ceased: (adj) finished
ceasing: (n) stopping, subsidence
ceiling: (n) cap, limit, maximum,
overhead, upper limit, top, roof,
limitation, confine, tile, thatch.
ANTONYMS: (n) minimum, floor
celebrated: (adj) renowned, famous,
distinguished, notable, noted,
splendid, well-known, known,
famed, eminent; (adj, n) glorious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) minor,
unexalted, ordinary, obscure,
undistinguished, inglorious,
insignificant
celebration: (n) anniversary, holiday,
fair, solemnization, festival,
commemoration, merrymaking,
feast, party, festivity; (adj, n)
dedication. ANTONYM: (n)
omission
censure: (n, v) accuse, reprimand,
reproach, attack, animadversion,
abuse; (n) accusation,
condemnation; (v) carp, condemn,
berate. ANTONYMS: (v) approve,
commend, allow, endorse, laud,
permit, sanction; (n) approval,
blessing, commendation; (n, v)
compliment
 388
censured: (adj) guilty, appropriated
ceremony: (n) courtesy, celebration,
ceremonial, parade, pomp, rite,
ceremonies, manners, custom, ritual,
pageant. ANTONYMS: (n) modesty,
understatement
certainty: (n) assurance, sureness,
certain, trust, confidence, fact,
reliability, surety, security, reality,
certitude. ANTONYMS: (n) doubt,
unpredictability, indecisiveness,
skepticism, unknown, idealism,
vagueness, fantasy, feeling,
hesitation, insecurity
cessation: (n) pause, abatement,
close, stop, respite, suspension,
surcease, standstill, rest,
termination; (n, v) death.
ANTONYMS: (n) beginning,
continuation, commencement,
persistence
chagrined: (adj) ashamed, mortified,
hurt, annoyed, vexed, afflicted,
displeased, discomposed, sorry; (v)
horrified, cut up
chained: (adj) in chains, enchained,
bound
chairs: (n) seats
chaise: (n) shay, carriage, equipage,
rig, coach, daybed, chaise longue,
bed, cabriole chair, chair
chamber: (n) hall, bedchamber,
cavity, cell, council, compartment,
assembly, apartment, ventricle,
dormitory, cubicle
chambers: (n) bureau, consulting
room, countinghouse, apartment,
lodging, suite
chaperon: (adj) duenna; (n, v) escort,
chaperone, guide; (v) accompany,
attend; (adj, v) matronize; (n)
companion, defender, governess,
esquire. ANTONYMS: (v)
withdraw, leave, abandon, desert
charged: (adj) laden, loaded, replete,
aerated, tense, strained, full, filled,
emotional, abounding, deferred
chariot: (n) car, wagon, carriage,
waggon, vehicle, wain, equipage,
char
charity: (n) dole, favor, aid, liberality,
generosity, kindness, alms, mercy,
virtue; (v) almsgiving; (adj, n)
brotherly love. ANTONYMS: (n)
intolerance, meanness, unkindness,
cruelty, malice, stinginess,
cheapness, nastiness, inhumanity
charm: (n, v) allure, captivate, appeal,
spell, fascinate, bewitch, conjure;
(adj, v) attract; (n) amulet; (v)
enchant, entrance. ANTONYMS: (n)
ugliness, repulsion, repulsiveness,
Sense and Sensibility
awkwardness, hatefulness,
unpleasantness; (v) repulse, offend,
irritate, disgust, bore
charmed: (adj) enchanted, delighted,
fascinated, spellbound, entranced,
captive, beguiled, infatuated,
absorbed, enamored, captive hours
charming: (adj) beautiful, lovely,
captivating, winning, attractive,
enchanting, delightful, pleasing,
nice, magic, cute. ANTONYMS:
(adj) repellent, unpleasant,
unappealing, repulsive, charmless,
disgusting, gross, irritating,
offensive, uninteresting, annoying
charms: (n) trinkets, jewelry, jewels
chat: (n, v) converse, talk, chatter,
chitchat, confab, prattle; (n)
conversation, causerie, gab; (v)
confabulate, chaffer
chatty: (adj) gabby, garrulous,
loquacious, familiar, informal,
communicative, gossipy, voluble,
talky, conversable, expansive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) taciturn, quiet,
formal, silent, laconic, reticent,
restrained, reserved
cheap: (adj) tacky, low, stingy, base,
flashy, worthless, sleazy, shabby,
niggardly, mean, economical.
ANTONYMS: (adj) expensive,
costly, tasteful, generous, luxurious,
quality, noble, inflated, precious,
dear, steep
cheat: (n, v) trick, con, fake, sham; (n)
fraud, bilk, impostor; (v) defraud,
beguile, betray, fleece.
ANTONYMS: (v) support, repay,
help, contribute, aid
cheated: (adj) embittered, resentful
checked: (adj) checkered, chequered,
check, plaid, examine, temperate,
tartan, silent, safe, pent-up,
numbered
checking: (n) examination,
verification, audit, inspection,
scrutiny, going-over, arrest,
interference, supervision, collation,
approval of plans
cheek: (n) audacity, nerve, brass,
boldness, impertinence, face, lip,
mouth, gall, insolence, impudence.
ANTONYMS: (n) respect,
cowardice, timidity, humbleness,
meekness, reticence, seriousness; (v)
praise
cheeks: (n) Gemini, twins, couple,
posterior, pair, deuce, two, duet
cheerful: (adj, v) buoyant; (adj)
breezy, merry, optimistic, pleasant,
glad, blithe, carefree, bright, lively,
happy. ANTONYMS: (adj)
depressed, gloomy, sad, depressing,
grim, hopeless, miserable, morose,
somber, dejected, unwelcoming
cheerfulness: (n) glee, happiness,
exhilaration, hilarity, mirth,
merriment, gladness, cheer, good
spirits, pleasure, joviality.
ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, grimness,
seriousness, misery, resentment,
uncheerfulness, solemnity, lethargy,
bleakness, gravity, gloominess
cheerless: (adj) sad, dismal, dark,
drab, dreary, gloomy, dull, murky,
dispiriting; (adj, v) disconsolate,
joyless. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright,
happy, uplifting, lighthearted,
sunny, smart, cheery, warm
cherished: (adj) dear, precious, loved,
treasured, prized, intimate, wanted,
valued, pet, valuable, close.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unremarkable,
hated, distant
cherishing: (n) love, conservation
chicken: (n) fowl, hen, broiler,
coward, cock, poultry, weakling,
nestling; (adj) yellow, fearful,
chicken-hearted. ANTONYM: (n)
daredevil
chiefly: (adv) principally, primarily,
above all, especially, headly, mostly,
largely, primely, predominantly;
(adj, adv) mainly, particularly.
ANTONYM: (adv) partially
choked: (adj) clogged, smothered,
congested, annoyed, high-strung,
strained, neurotic, tense, angry,
anxious, insecure
chose: (v) choose, opt, decide; (n)
thing
chuckle: (n, v) snicker, snigger,
giggle, chortle, titter, crow; (v)
chuck, laugh, cackle, exult; (n)
laughter
circuit: (n, v) circle, tour, trip,
journey, excursion; (n) beat, area,
round, district, perimeter, cycle
circumspection: (n) care, wariness,
chariness, cautiousness, calculation,
precaution, vigilance, discernment,
judgment; (adj, n) discretion,
prudence. ANTONYM: (n)
recklessness
circumstance: (n) affair, incident,
matter, event, occasion, chance,
accident, opportunity, adventure,
casualty, fact
circumstanced: (adj) conditioned
civilities: (n) propriety
civility: (n) politeness, courtesy,
comity, attention, propriety,
affability, amenity, cultivation,
complaisance, courteousness,

civilization. ANTONYMS: (n)
rudeness, incivility, coarseness
civilly: (adv) politely, respectfully,
graciously, complaisantly, urbanely,
polishedly, considerately,
domestically, genteelly, obligingly,
refinedly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
abruptly, uncivilly
claiming: (adj) pressing
clamorous: (adj) noisy, blatant, loud,
boisterous, insistent, exigent, urgent,
obstreperous, strident; (adj, v)
clamant, importunate. ANTONYM:
(adj) tranquil
cleared: (adj) absolved, clean, empty,
exculpated, bleak, innocent, exempt,
vindicated, exonerated, guiltless, let
off. ANTONYMS: (adj) full,
uncleared, guilty
clearing: (n) clarification, clearance,
purgation, purging, purge, clear-
melting, correction, tract,
improvement, release, freeing
clemency: (n) charity, tenderness,
leniency, compassion, pardon, pity,
benevolence, quarter, grace; (adj, n)
kindness, benignity. ANTONYMS:
(n) blame, cruelty, harshness,
strictness, unkindness,
vindictiveness, mercilessness
clergyman: (n) minister, chaplain,
priest, pastor, churchman, preacher,
parson, rector, dominie, vicar; (adj)
divine. ANTONYMS: (n) layman,
layperson
clerk: (n, v) writer, secretary,
transcriber; (n) servant, shop
assistant, salesclerk, employee,
accountant, recorder; (v) scrivener,
scribe
cleveland: (n) Grover Cleveland,
Stephen Grover Cleveland,
president Cleveland
clever: (adj) capable, acute,
intelligent, able, apt, expert, skillful,
cunning, sharp; (adj, v) brilliant,
smart. ANTONYMS: (adj) clumsy,
unintelligent, dim, dull, inept, thick,
naive, idiotic, moronic, incompetent,
open
climate: (n) atmosphere, clime,
ambience, latitude, mood, milieu,
weather, environment, zone,
conditions, isobar
climbing: (n) climb, ascension,
mounting, mountain climbing,
mountaineering, rock climbing,
acclivity; (v) ascending, uprise,
arise; (adj) scandent
clock: (n) chronometer, horologe,
alarm, alarm clock, clepsydra, ticker,
cuckoo clock, clock radio; (n, v)
Jane Austen
time, stopwatch; (v) measure
clogged: (adj) choked, jammed,
blocked, teeming, thick, swarming,
stuffed, stopped up, overfull,
overcrowded, filled to capacity
closet: (n) cupboard, cubicle, cell,
latrine, bathroom, wardrobe, water
closet; (adj) clandestine,
confidential, secret, private.
ANTONYM: (adj) open
closing: (n) end, finish, conclusion,
close, ending, shutting, finishing;
(adj) ultimate, last, final, terminal.
ANTONYMS: (adj, n) opening; (adj)
first
cloud: (n, v) mist, blur; (v) becloud,
obscure, eclipse, blacken, taint,
befog, overshadow; (adj, n) swarm;
(n) haze. ANTONYMS: (v) clear,
refine, accentuate, illuminate,
explain, clarify, unveil
clouds: (n) exhaust, fumes, gas,
smoke, vapors
clue: (n, v) tip; (n) cue, hint, sign,
suggestion, signal, guide, token,
indication, key, vestige.
ANTONYM: (v) hide
coach: (adj, v) prime; (n) trainer,
teacher, instructor, stagecoach,
charabanc, carriage, autobus, bus;
(v) train, educate. ANTONYMS: (v)
listen, learn; (n) pupil, student
coachman: (n) teamster, cabman,
charioteer, carter, carman, Jehu,
postboy, drayman, wagoner,
postilion; (v) whip
coincide: (v) agree, concur, accede,
correspond, conform, consort,
accept, square, consent; (adj, v)
meet; (n) coincidence. ANTONYMS:
(v) diverge, disagree, contradict,
clash, deviate, conflict
cold-hearted: (adj) heartless, frigid,
pitiless, cold, unmerciful,
unemotional, stony, cruel,
coldhearted, hard, unkind
coldness: (n) chilliness, coolness,
indifference, distance, apathy,
iciness, reserve, frost, frigidity,
unconcern; (adj, n) cold.
ANTONYMS: (n) friendliness,
sympathy, sensitivity, hotness, heat,
responsiveness, concern, brightness,
kindness
colicky: (adj) gassy
collation: (n) snack, nosh,
refreshment, checking, bite, meal,
banquet, verification; (v) refection,
junket, picnic
collect: (v) gather, amass,
accumulate, pick, aggregate,
congregate, acquire, harvest, accrue,
389
pick up, cull. ANTONYMS: (v)
distribute, scatter, spread, lose, give,
divide, dispense, disband,
compensate, need, dispatch
collected: (adj) calm, accumulated,
amassed, tranquil, sober, assembled,
cool, poised, unflappable, peaceful;
(adj, v) composed. ANTONYMS:
(adj) nervous, worried, upset,
uncollected, flustered,
scatterbrained, anxious, excitable
collecting: (n) compilation,
accumulation, collection, collation,
assemblage, aggregation, pickup,
philately, numismatics; (adj)
gathering, philatelic
colonel: (n) captain, coronel
coloured: (adj) colorful, biased, black,
partial, painted, dyed, unfair, blue,
hued, color, artificial
colouring: (n) coloration, painting,
colour, coloring, color, tincture, tint,
hue, colouration, dyeing, exterior
condition
combat: (n, v) fight, clash, encounter,
conflict, war; (n) contest, action,
brawl, fighting, fray, hostility.
ANTONYMS: (n) peace; (v)
cooperate, agree, pacify, surrender,
compromise, favor
combe: (n) chaser, dale, anticlinal
valley, comb, dell, dingle, vale,
valley
comer: (n) newcomer, arriver,
traveler, traveller, contender,
competitor, competition, visitor,
whiz kid, Young Turk; (adj) fresh
comfort: (n, v) ease, allay, support,
aid, alleviate; (n) consolation, relief,
amenity, assistance; (adj, n, v)
assuage; (v) cheer. ANTONYMS: (n)
discomfort, aggravation, agony; (v)
alarm, annoy, frighten, afflict,
aggravate, bother, burden,
disappoint
comfortably: (adv) easily, pleasantly,
cosily, conveniently, easy, snugly,
richly, advantageously, leisurely,
well, wealthily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
uncomfortably, awkwardly,
unpleasantly
comforted: (adj) thankful, pleased,
comfortable, calmed
comforter: (n) blanket, muffler,
comfortable, pacifier, reliever,
bedclothes, bedding, dummy,
coverlet, cover, communicator
comforts: (n) amenities, bread and
butter, convenience, conveniences
commanded: (adj) lawful
commands: (n) orders, instructions,
information, guidelines
 390
commendation: (n, v) acclaim,
applause, praise; (n) approval,
citation, approbation, tribute, credit,
plaudit, acclamation, admiration.
ANTONYMS: (n) disapproval,
criticism, censure, demotion
commended: (adj) highly praised
commiseration: (n) pity, compassion,
sympathy, condolence, ruth, mercy,
commiserate, bowels, consolation,
fellow feeling, acknowledgement
commissioned: (adj) accredited,
appointed, commissions,
authorized, licenced, specially
made, vicarious, licensed
commonly: (adv) ordinarily, usually,
generally, customarily, normally,
habitually, regularly, plebeianly,
currently, popularly, publicly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) unusually,
uncommonly, seldom, narrowly,
tastefully, specifically
communicate: (v) express, impart,
advertise, advise, carry, convey,
transmit, commune, apprise; (adj, v)
announce, intimate. ANTONYMS:
(v) excommunicate, conceal,
suppress
communicating: (n) communication,
intercommunication, suasion,
expression, transmission,
examination, intercourse,
dramaturgy; (v) communicate; (adj)
communicant, dramaturgic
communicative: (adj) communicable,
chatty, communicatory, expansive,
expressive, clear, frank, fluent,
companionable, conversational,
open. ANTONYMS: (adj)
uninformative, reserved, reticent,
closed, taciturn, impassive,
restrained, inarticulate
compact: (n) arrangement, covenant,
bargain; (adj, v) close, condense; (v)
compress; (n, v) contract; (adj)
dense, solid, thick, compendious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) loose, sprawling,
sparse, bulky, large, cumbersome,
long, lengthy, unwieldy; (v) expand,
loosen
companion: (adj, n) associate; (n)
colleague, buddy, mate, peer, chum,
partner, fellow, comrade, assistant,
brother. ANTONYMS: (n) foe,
stranger, adversary
companionableness: (n) agreeable
companionship
companions: (n) circle, entourage,
people
comparative: (adj) qualified,
proportionate, illustrative,
approximate, near. ANTONYMS:
Sense and Sensibility
(adj) absolute, unlike, far, unequal
comparatively: (adv) rather,
somewhat, reasonably, quite,
approximately, some, pretty, fairly,
to some extent, to a certain extent,
moderately. ANTONYM: (adv)
absolutely
compare: (adj, v) liken; (v) confront,
equate, to compare, associate,
contrast, correlate, equalize,
resemble, equal; (n, v) comparison.
ANTONYMS: (v) imbalance,
contrast
compass: (n) scope, range, room,
extent, area, circumference, reach;
(n, v) round, grasp, circle; (v) get.
ANTONYM: (v) lose
compassion: (adj, n) clemency,
kindness; (n) mercy, charity,
sympathy, commiseration, remorse,
tenderness, forgiveness, feeling,
grace. ANTONYMS: (n)
indifference, disregard, unconcern,
severity, nastiness, harshness,
incomprehension, malevolence,
coldness, roughness, inhumanity
compassionate: (adj) merciful,
clement, benevolent, kind, humane,
tender; (adj, v) pitiful; (v) pity; (adj,
n) gentle, sympathetic, caring.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unfeeling, harsh,
severe, cruel, indifferent, mean,
uncompassionate, nasty, merciless,
uncaring, unhelpful
competence: (n) adequacy, ability,
efficiency, capability, sufficiency,
expertise, aptitude, fitness, skill,
jurisdiction; (adj, n) proficiency.
ANTONYMS: (n) inability,
inefficiency, inadequacy,
incompetency, insufficiency
complacency: (n) contentment,
conceit, satisfaction, self-satisfaction,
comfort, entire satisfaction, peace of
mind, gratification; (adj) amiability,
soft tongue, mansuetude
complain: (v) bemoan, protest,
whine, squawk, bewail, beef,
grudge, accuse, carp, plain,
complaint. ANTONYMS: (v) praise,
applaud, cheer, recommend, rejoice,
laud, approve, agree, accept
complaining: (adj) irritable, peevish,
petulant, whining, moaning,
complaintive, repining; (adj, v)
querulous; (n, v) lamenting; (adv)
complainingly; (n) plaintive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
uncomplaining, cheerful, willing
complaint: (n) charge, ailment,
disease, affection, whine, disorder,
wail, complain, plaint, protest,
sickness. ANTONYMS: (n)
compliment, commendation, health
complaisance: (adj, n) affability,
civility; (n) courtesy, deference,
respect, compliancy, agreeableness,
submission, amenity, politeness;
(adj) gallantry
completion: (n) accomplishment,
achievement, consummation,
attainment, finish, performance,
conclusion, closing, fulfillment,
ending, complement. ANTONYMS:
(n) beginning, abandonment
complexion: (n, v) tint; (n) cast,
character, appearance, look, hue,
aspect, flush, glow, dye, fashion
compliance: (n) observance,
approval, consent, acquiescence,
obedience, complaisance,
accordance, deference, assent,
submission, compliancy.
ANTONYMS: (n) disobedience,
stubbornness, nonconformity,
resistance, refusal, dissent,
disagreement, noncompliance,
defiance, reluctance, rigidity
compliant: (adj) accommodating,
meek, submissive, dutiful, flexible,
docile, malleable, indulgent,
biddable, obsequious, pliable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) rebellious,
obstinate, disobedient, aggressive,
assertive, resistant, defiant,
intractable, unwilling, wild,
inflexible
complicated: (adj, v) intricate; (adj)
elaborate, hard, complicate, difficult,
sophisticated, awkward,
convoluted, obscure, deep; (v)
involved. ANTONYMS: (adj)
straightforward, clear, easy, plain,
primitive, direct, amicable, basic
compliment: (n, v) praise, honor; (v)
laud, flattery, applaud, greet,
adulation, congratulate, belaud; (n)
eulogy, tribute. ANTONYMS: (n)
criticism, reproach, disparagement;
(n, v) slander, libel; (v) criticize,
denounce, disparage, denigrate,
complain, belittle
compliments: (n) respects,
commendation, wish, greetings,
salutation, respect, applause,
flattery, acclamation, regards,
approbation
composed: (adj) calm, dispassionate,
cool, peaceable, pacific, staid,
imperturbable, temperate, level,
impassive, unflappable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) distressed,
trembling, nervous, excited, tense,
ruffled, jumpy, intemperate,

discomposed, upset, worried
composedly: (adv) serenely, calmly,
quietly, placidly, coolly, sedately,
steadily, soberly, unperturbedly,
staidly, relaxedly. ANTONYM:
(adv) nervously
composure: (n) calmness, serenity,
poise, calm, equanimity, temper,
aplomb, tranquillity, peace,
temperament, disposition.
ANTONYMS: (n) panic,
discomposure, anger, nervousness,
perturbation, anxiety, agitation,
turbulence, awkwardness
compound: (n, v) blend, mix,
compromise; (adj, n) complex,
composite; (v) combine,
amalgamate; (n) mixture, amalgam,
combination, concoction.
ANTONYMS: (v) divide, separate,
simplify, unmix; (n) element; (adj)
few
comprehend: (v) grasp, catch, see,
comprise, appreciate, feel, sense,
apperceive, read; (adj, v)
understand; (n, v) embrace.
ANTONYMS: (v) mistake,
misapprehend, exclude,
misunderstand, misconceive
comprehended: (adj) understood,
apprehended
comprehension: (n) knowledge,
inclusion, conception,
understanding, intelligence, grasp,
wit, capacity, familiarity,
discernment, uptake. ANTONYMS:
(n) incomprehension, ignorance
comprise: (v) contain, comprehend,
include, compose, constitute, make
up, carry, encompass, form, make,
subsume. ANTONYMS: (v) lack,
need
compromise: (n) arrangement,
settlement, concession,
accommodation, understanding,
adjustment, deal, appeasement; (n,
v) bargain; (v) compound; (adj, v)
make a compromise. ANTONYMS:
(n) disagreement, contention,
confrontation, difference; (v) save,
quarrel, protect, enhance, differ,
support, contest
compunction: (n) repentance,
remorse, contrition, qualm, penance,
regret, compassion, rue, scruple,
sorrow, guilt. ANTONYMS: (n)
hardness, indifference, meanness,
remorselessness
conceal: (v) hide, disguise, bury,
screen, cloak, smother, shield,
suppress, mask, obscure; (n, v) veil.
ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, show,
Jane Austen
expose, divulge, clarify, uncover,
disclose, tell, admit, spotlight, flaunt
concealed: (adj) covert, clandestine,
blind, occult, secret, mysterious,
obscure, buried, invisible, secreted,
surreptitious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unconcealed, available, overt, open,
divulged, Shown, revealed,
disclosed, uncovered, noticeable,
mainstream
concealing: (n) covering,
concealment, burial, stealing,
stealth, screening, burying,
screenings, activity; (adj)
suppressive
concealment: (n) suppression,
confidentiality, concealing, secrecy,
screen, disguise, hiding, privacy,
camouflage, blind, covering.
ANTONYMS: (n) discovery,
disclosure, exposure, expression,
openness, uncovering, revelation
conceit: (n) pretension, vanity, self-
esteem, pride, assumption, egotism,
fancy, haughtiness, conception,
caprice, quip. ANTONYMS: (n)
humility, timidity, selflessness,
humbleness, reserve
conceited: (adj) arrogant, cocky, vain,
boastful, proud, smug, affected,
assuming, egotistical, haughty,
pompous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
modest, insecure, meek, selfless,
unassuming
conceive: (v) think, imagine,
comprehend, design, apprehend,
realize, discover, cogitate,
appreciate, invent, catch.
ANTONYMS: (v) destroy, doubt,
misunderstand, question, ruin
concession: (n) compliance,
compromise, discount, agreement,
license, yielding, conceding, charter,
acceptance; (n, v) grant, allowance.
ANTONYMS: (n) fighting,
disputation, difference, protest,
refusal, denial
conciliate: (v) appease, reconcile,
assuage, propitiate, placate, mollify,
pacify, calm, accommodate,
mediate, allay. ANTONYM: (v)
enrage
conciliation: (n) mediation,
appeasement, settlement, peace,
placation, pacification, propitiation,
alliance, conciliate, compromise,
harmony. ANTONYMS: (n)
provocation, confrontation,
incitement
concise: (adj) brief, compendious,
terse, curt, short, succinct, laconic,
pithy, summary, condensed; (v)
391
close. ANTONYMS: (adj) wordy,
lengthy, long, rambling, prolix,
confused, redundant, expansive,
convoluted
conclude: (n, v) complete; (v) finish,
gather, end, settle, resolve,
terminate, determine, accomplish,
cease, assume. ANTONYMS: (v)
start, begin, commence, open,
unsettle, prolong, wait, hesitate,
introduce, delay, postpone
concluded: (adj, adv) finished, done,
completed, ended; (adj) over, closed,
terminated, accomplished, all over,
consummate, set
concluding: (adj) last, terminal,
ultimate, closing, definitive,
conclusive, latest; (n) ending, dying,
finishing, reasoning. ANTONYMS:
(adj) opening, former, first
conclusions: (n) data
concurrence: (n) coincidence, accord,
assent, concord, consent, agreement,
approval, compliance, concourse,
conjunction, confluence.
ANTONYMS: (n) disagreement,
conflict, refusal, rejection
condemnation: (n) animadversion,
anathema, conviction, blame,
rebuke, judgment, disapprobation,
deprecation, disapproval; (n, v)
doom; (v) condemn. ANTONYMS:
(n) praise, absolution, approbation,
confirmation, commendation,
defense, support
condemned: (adj) censured,
convicted, doomed, destined,
appropriated, taken, taken over,
fated, seized, predestined; (adj, v)
guilty
condemning: (adj) inculpative,
censorious, inculpatory, critical; (n)
conviction, reproachful
condescend: (adj, v) deign,
vouchsafe; (v) stoop, patronize,
patronise, descend, lower, interact,
decline, bow, agree
conditioned: (v) qualified; (adj) ripe,
learned, tough, finite, healthy, in
condition, involuntary.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unconditioned,
untrained
condolence: (n) compassion, pity,
sympathy, condolement,
condolences, lamentation, mercy,
mourning, acknowledgement,
solace, acknowledgment.
ANTONYM: (n) congratulation
conducted: (adj) directed, guided
conduit: (n) canal, channel, aqueduct,
tube, duct, watercourse, drain, vas,
culvert, dike, ditch
 392
confederacy: (n) coalition,
confederation, federation,
association, union, conspiracy,
cabal, combination, league, merger,
faction. ANTONYM: (n) divergence
confess: (adj, v) own, allow, admit,
avow; (v) concede, profess,
recognize, divulge, disclose, reveal,
receive. ANTONYMS: (v) suppress,
hide, dispute, conceal, repress,
harbor
confessed: (adj) known
confessedly: (adv) avowedly, as
acknowledged, true,
acknowledgedly
confession: (n) admission,
acknowledgment, recognition,
acknowledgement, concession,
divulgence, disclosure, shrift,
penance, profession, admission of
guilt. ANTONYMS: (n) disavowal,
refutation
confidant: (n) confidante, buddy,
friend, repository, confident, pal,
fidus Achates, crony, bosom friend,
fiduciary, privado
confidante: (n) comrade, intimate,
camarade, companion, compeer,
familiar, lady's maid, guest,
confrere, soul mate, associate.
ANTONYMS: (n) enemy, foe, rival
confidential: (adj) secret, classified,
private, intimate, privileged,
clandestine, furtive, thick, inner,
esoteric, confident. ANTONYMS:
(adj) open, familiar, known,
external, accessible, official,
unrestricted
confined: (adj) limited, cramped,
imprisoned, bounded, enclosed,
restricted, narrow, constrained,
strict; (adj, v) close, invalided.
ANTONYMS: (adj) liberated,
invasive, roomy, unconfined,
unlimited, open, spacious, general
confinement: (n, v) childbirth,
delivery; (n) detention, custody,
restraint, internment, prison, labor,
containment, incarceration, arrest.
ANTONYMS: (n) release, death,
liberation
confirm: (v) corroborate, verify,
approve, validate, bear out, prove,
clinch, assert, demonstrate,
authenticate; (adj, v) establish.
ANTONYMS: (v) contradict, deny,
weaken, cancel, void, veto,
undermine, repudiate, question,
open, negate
confirmation: (n) ratification,
approval, corroboration, testimony,
sanction, demonstration, agreement,
Sense and Sensibility
authentication, check, endorsement,
evidence. ANTONYMS: (n)
opposite, question, repudiation,
retraction, withdrawal,
condemnation, denial
confirming: (adj) affirmative,
confirmatory, corroborative,
collateral, verifying, confirmative,
corroboratory, positive,
substantiating, substantiative,
validating
conform: (v) agree, adapt, adjust,
accord, fit, observe, assimilate,
acquiesce, follow, obey, frame.
ANTONYMS: (v) deviate, rebel,
mismatch, diverge, oppose, disobey,
contradict
conforming: (v) conform; (adj)
parallel, like, congruent, according,
seemly, respectable, relevant,
proper; (n) accordance, matching
conformity: (n) agreement,
compliance, concord, conformance,
accordance, coincidence,
concordance, observance,
conformation, conformism, keeping.
ANTONYMS: (n) nonconformity,
disagreement, incongruity,
uniqueness, rebellion,
nonconformance, looseness,
difference, noncompliance,
infidelity, divergence
confound: (v) bewilder, baffle,
nonplus, perplex, astonish, puzzle,
amaze, astound, mistake; (adj, v)
confuse, stupefy. ANTONYMS: (v)
explain, clarify, comfort, lose,
distinguish; (n) understanding
confounded: (adj) bemused,
accursed, execrable, baffled, cursed,
befuddled, confused, puzzled,
aghast, perplexed; (adj, v) abashed
confused: (adj) abashed, baffled,
befuddled, bemused, dizzy, chaotic,
confounded, deranged, incoherent,
disjointed, indistinct. ANTONYMS:
(adj) enlightened, orderly, alert,
clearheaded, organized, oriented,
precise, systematic, ordered,
unimpressed, methodical
confusedly: (adv) obscurely,
disorderedly, perplexedly, cloudily,
dazedly, befuddledly, muddily,
bemusedly, dizzily, bewilderedly,
puzzledly
confusion: (n) commotion, chaos,
disarray, bedlam, pandemonium,
disorder, disturbance, distraction,
clutter, tumult, agitation.
ANTONYMS: (n) clarity,
understanding, tidiness,
systematization, enlightenment,
peace, organization, lucidity,
neatness, space, calm
congratulate: (v) compliment,
felicitate, preen, pride, celebrate,
applaud, joy, salute, commemorate,
approve; (n) congratulation.
ANTONYMS: (v) commiserate, slur,
disparage, belittle, condemn, boo
congratulations: (n) congratulation,
recommendation, praise, pean,
kudos, eulogy, encomium,
commendation, approval; (int) well
done, bravo. ANTONYMS: (n)
condemnation, criticism, rebuke;
(intj) commiserations
conjectural: (adj) hypothetical,
theoretical, academic, supposed,
supposititious, putative,
suppositious, doubtful, reputed; (v)
speculative, supposable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) proven,
unquestionable, truthful, real,
demonstrated, concrete, certain,
factual
conjecture: (n) supposition,
speculation, assumption, surmise,
hypothesis; (v) suppose, believe,
anticipate, assume, speculate; (n, v)
estimate. ANTONYMS: (n)
certainty; (v) demonstrate, know,
learn, prove
conjectured: (adj) supposed,
opinionative
conjure: (v) invoke, entreat, arouse,
juggle, bewitch, beseech, bid,
conjure up, evoke, implore, bring up
conjurer: (n) performer, illusionist,
conjuror, wizard, juggler,
prestidigitator, sorcerer, conjure
man, necromancer, enchanter,
pythonist
connect: (v) bind, bond, join, attach,
associate, annex, conjoin, relate,
unite, combine, affiliate.
ANTONYMS: (v) separate,
disconnect, detach, unplug, undo,
dissociate, clash, divide, clear
connected: (adj, v) related; (adj)
attached, allied, affiliated, coherent,
linked, committed, conjoint,
combined, relevant, consecutive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unrelated,
separate, unimportant, disjoined,
unaffiliated, disconnected,
unattached, irrelevant
connections: (n) contacts,
communication, influence,
communications, links, transactions,
quinze, put, network, inside track,
dealings
connoisseur: (n) critic, authority,
specialist, expert, cognoscenti,

savant, scholar, gourmet, arbiter,
epicurean; (v) judge. ANTONYMS:
(n) dabbler, tyro
connoisseurship: (n) discernment,
taste, artistic quality, vertu,
appreciation, virtu
conquest: (n) defeat, triumph,
conquering, achievement, reduction,
coup, rout, overthrow, subjection,
mastery, success. ANTONYMS: (n)
failure, defeat, loss, victory
conscience: (n) moral sense,
Conscience money, sense of right
and wrong, scruple, intention,
tender conscience, small voice,
principles, morals, morality, inward
monitor. ANTONYM: (n)
indifference
conscientious: (adj) scrupulous,
painstaking, honest, thorough,
meticulous, dutiful, close,
principled, strict; (adj, v) ethical,
moral. ANTONYMS: (adj) sloppy,
unconscientious, immoral,
irresponsible, unscrupulous,
conscienceless, corrupt, dishonest,
inexact, slack, slipshod
conscientiously: (adv) carefully,
thoroughly, painstakingly,
faithfully, religiously, meticulously,
dutifully, assiduously, closely,
diligently, industriously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) irresponsibly,
hastily
conscious: (adj) alive, premeditated,
mindful, deliberate, cognizant,
calculated, intended, discerning,
self-conscious, studied, voluntary.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unaware,
ignorant, unintentional, dead,
accidental, inanimate, spontaneous,
subconscious, unplanned,
inadvertent, oblivious
consciousness: (n) feeling, sense,
conscience, cognizance, mind,
notion, knowledge, sensibility, feel,
Consciousness of kind, self.
ANTONYMS: (n) ignorance,
oblivion, certainty, numbness
consequent: (adj) following, ensuing,
resultant, sequent, resulting,
successive, succeeding; (n) sequel,
outcome, upshot; (adj, v) attendant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) original,
preceding
consequently: (adv) therefore,
subsequently, as a result, then,
sequentially, followingly, so,
naturally, in consequence, hence;
(conj) ergo
considerably: (adv, v) well, fully;
(adv) much, very, substantially,
Jane Austen
hugely, largely, rather, noticeably,
markedly, immensely.
ANTONYMS: (adv) insignificantly,
somewhat, faintly, unremarkably,
modestly, barely
considerate: (adj, n) thoughtful,
benevolent, nice, gentle,
sympathetic, humane; (adj)
magnanimous, kind, polite, delicate,
discreet. ANTONYMS: (adj)
uncaring, thoughtless, tactless,
inconsiderate, selfish, rude, unkind,
unforgiving, offhand, disrespectful,
unsympathetic
considerately: (adv) thoughtfully,
attentively, politely, obligingly,
discreetly, solicitously, humanely,
circumspectly, courteously,
graciously, sympathetically.
ANTONYMS: (adv) unkindly,
rudely, thoughtlessly, tactlessly,
inconsiderately, uncooperatively,
cruelly, harshly, insensitively
consistency: (n) agreement, body,
coherence, consonance, conformity,
density, thickness, uniformity,
viscosity, congruity, congruence.
ANTONYMS: (n) discrepancy,
variability, incongruity,
disagreement, untrustworthiness,
variety, divergence
consolation: (n) comfort, relief, balm,
succor, ease, cheer, solacement,
encouragement, sympathy,
alleviation, express sympathy.
ANTONYMS: (n) grief, sorrow,
distress, discouragement,
aggravation
conspicuous: (adj) apparent, blatant,
visible, manifest, obvious, marked,
glaring, blazing, flagrant, famous;
(adj, v) salient. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unobtrusive, unremarkable,
unnoticeable, concealed, hidden,
indistinct, invisible, secret,
unimportant, unseen, doubtful
constancy: (n) allegiance, devotion,
resolution, fidelity, loyalty,
steadfastness, faithfulness,
steadiness, firmness, perseverance,
unchangeableness. ANTONYMS: (n)
inconstancy, inconsistency,
changefulness, instability,
disloyalty, unfaithfulness,
unreliability, dishonesty
constantly: (adv) continually, firmly,
incessantly, eternally, steadily,
endlessly, unremittingly,
ceaselessly, steadfastly; (adj, adv)
always, forever. ANTONYMS: (adv)
inconsistently, intermittently,
acutely, erratically, infrequently
393
consternation: (n) alarm, shock, fear,
apprehension, astonishment, fright,
confusion; (adj, n) terror, awe,
dread, horror. ANTONYMS: (n)
peacefulness, composure,
happiness, tranquility, hopefulness,
comfort, equanimity
constitutional: (adj) essential,
inherent, intrinsic, legal, organic,
constituent, inborn, inbuilt, innate,
integral; (n, v) walk. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unconstitutional, learned,
improper, illegal, contracted,
acquired
constrained: (adj) forced, bound, stiff,
strained, awkward, compelled,
limited, affected, stilted, rigid,
unnatural. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unrestricted, liberated, natural, open
consult: (v) consider, negotiate,
deliberate, advise, refer, discuss,
ask, reason, look up, canvass; (n, v)
talk. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore,
bypass
consultation: (n) interview,
conference, negotiation, counsel,
talk, discussion, audience,
advisement, council, deliberation,
meeting
contained: (adj) implicit, unspoken,
unexpressed, latent, understood,
numbered, inside, confined to a
small area, being within, limited to a
small area. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unrestrained, generalized, pervasive
contempt: (n, v) scorn; (v) despise; (n)
disrespect, derision, mockery,
disregard, ridicule, shame, slight,
reproach, discourtesy. ANTONYMS:
(n) approval, admiration, regard,
honor, esteem
contemptible: (adj) abject, mean,
base, pitiful, little, worthless,
unworthy, miserable, ignoble,
abominable, shameful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) estimable,
admired, deserving, worthy,
honorable, respectable, respectful,
noble, generous, commendable,
good
contemptuous: (adj) scornful,
disdainful, insulting, arrogant,
proud, haughty, derisive, cynical,
sarcastic, disrespectful; (adj, v)
supercilious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
approving, complimentary,
deferential, humble, polite,
respected, admiring
contemptuously: (adv) scornfully,
sneeringly, insultingly,
disparagingly, superciliously,
derisively, condescendingly,
 394
disrespectfully, haughtily,
contumeliously, sardonically.
ANTONYM: (adv) approvingly
contend: (v) wrestle, compete,
conflict, combat, argue, war, clash,
altercate, struggle, contest; (n, v)
allege. ANTONYMS: (v) retreat,
harmonize, abandon, deny, cede,
agree, surrender, desert
contented: (adj) content, happy,
comfortable, quiet, cheerful, smug,
complacent, satisfied, easy, proud,
delighted. ANTONYMS: (adj)
discontented, unhappy, depressed,
unsatisfied, sad, anxious
contentment: (n) content, happiness,
pleasure, fulfillment, ease, delight,
comfort, complacency, bliss, joy,
contentedness. ANTONYMS: (n)
dissatisfaction, sadness, discomfort,
discontentment, misery,
unhappiness, displeasure,
discontent, panic, anxiety
contents: (n) substance, content,
matter, inside, subject matter, list,
volume, synopsis, conspectus, cargo,
catalogue
continual: (adj, adv) constant; (adj)
ceaseless, incessant, endless,
continuous, frequent, everlasting,
uninterrupted, perpetual,
unrelenting, perennial.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sporadic,
temporary, occasional, finite,
inconstant, infrequent, ending,
ceasing, halting, rare, acute
continually: (adv) perpetually,
ceaselessly, incessantly, endlessly,
unceasingly, continuously,
persistently, eternally, steadily,
frequently; (adj, adv) always.
ANTONYMS: (adv) acutely,
infrequently, spasmodically,
sporadically
continuance: (n) duration, abidance,
existence, endurance, protraction,
adjournment, resumption,
prolongation, time, standing,
perseverance. ANTONYMS: (n)
discontinuation, destruction
continuation: (n) continuance, sequel,
resumption, maintenance,
elongation, continuing, sequence,
postscript, abidance, duration,
prolongation. ANTONYMS: (n) end,
extinction, termination, break,
discontinuation, prelude,
destruction
contracted: (adj) insular, contract,
constricted, tight, bound, close,
narrow-minded, confined, brief; (v)
shrunk; (adj, v) selfish. ANTONYM:
Sense and Sensibility
(adj) expanded
contraction: (n) constriction,
abridgement, condensation, shrink,
abridgment, convulsion,
compression, decrease, shrinkage,
contract, tightening. ANTONYMS:
(n) growth, extension, enlargement,
swelling
contradict: (v) deny, oppose, belie,
conflict, confute, controvert,
contravene, disprove, refute,
invalidate, impugn. ANTONYMS:
(v) agree, match, correspond,
approve, corroborate, prove,
support, reinforce
contradictory: (adj) inconsistent,
incompatible, contrary, opposite,
antagonistic, ironic, repugnant; (adj,
n) discordant, disagreeing; (n)
contradiction; (v) contradict.
ANTONYMS: (adj) consistent,
similar, compatible, parallel,
agreeing, corresponding,
confirming, coherent, corroboratory,
reconcilable, sound
contrary: (adj, n) contradictory,
reverse; (adj) adverse, conflicting,
unfavorable, perverse, cross,
disobedient, alien, different,
obstinate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
similar, harmonious, helpful,
obliging, compatible, complaisant,
concordant, parallel, agreeable,
cooperative, favorable
contrasted: (adj) opposed,
antagonistic, opposing, contrary,
antipodean, counter, diverse,
heterogeneous, opposite, unlike,
adverse
contribute: (v) bring, bestow,
administer, aid, impart, supply,
provide, afford, endow, lead; (adj, v)
tend. ANTONYMS: (v) hurt, harm,
detract, counteract, minus, neglect,
subtract, withhold, refrain, leave,
refuse
contributed: (adj) collatitious, unpaid
contributing: (adj) tributary,
contributory, contributive,
philanthropic, incidental,
conducible, causative, causal; (n)
favorable, advantageous, beautiful
contrition: (n) compunction,
repentance, regret, remorse,
contriteness, penance, sorrow,
shame, abrasion, attrition; (v)
confrication. ANTONYMS: (n)
pride, apathy, indifference,
shamelessness
contrivance: (n) device, appliance,
gadget, artifice, plot, dodge,
resource, plan, contraption,
machine, apparatus
contrived: (adj) affected, unnatural,
false, forced, labored, spurious,
feigned, unreal, strained, built,
artificially formal. ANTONYM: (adj)
sincere
contriving: (adj) designing, deep,
calculating, shifty
convenience: (n) contrivance,
accommodation, opportunity,
utility, occasion, fitness, comfort,
leisure, appliance, availability; (adj)
convenient. ANTONYMS: (n)
uselessness, distance, hardship,
unsuitability, clumsiness,
remoteness
conveniences: (n) creature comforts,
comforts, convenience, living,
support, livelihood, keep,
sustenance, facility, facilities, device
convenient: (adj) comfortable,
commodious, handy, appropriate,
expedient, timely, fit, useful, nearby,
opportune; (adj, n) advantageous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unwieldy, fixed,
useless, distant, troublesome,
unsuited, remote, unsuitable,
unadaptable, unuseful,
inappropriate
conveniently: (adv) easily,
opportunely, expediently, usefully,
fitly, properly, practically, timely,
helpfully, commodiously; (adv, v)
advantageously. ANTONYMS:
(adv) awkwardly, clumsily
converse: (n, v) chat, discourse,
argue; (v) confer, confabulate, speak;
(n) conversation, colloquy, contrast;
(adj, n) opposite; (adj) counter.
ANTONYMS: (adj, n) equal; (adj)
similar, complementary; (n)
similarity
convert: (v) alter, change, adapt,
reform, commute, invert, transform,
switch, exchange, turn; (n)
proselyte. ANTONYMS: (v) remain,
persist, keep, hold, stay
conveyed: (v) borne, sent
conveying: (n) conveyance, delivery,
conveyancing, conveyance of title,
transference, transmission, convey,
transmit, assigning, transfer,
delegation
conviction: (n) belief, confidence,
certainty, condemnation,
persuasion, faith, trust, certitude,
firmness, doctrine, determination.
ANTONYMS: (n) acquittal, doubt,
release, absolution, disbelief,
justification, insecurity, distrust
convince: (v) persuade, convert,
sway, reassure, prevail on, induce,

entice, argue, convict, win over; (adj,
v) satisfy. ANTONYMS: (v)
discourage, repel
convinced: (adj, v) sure, positive,
confident, firm; (v) cocksure,
persuaded, satisfied, assured, bold;
(adj) clear, definite. ANTONYMS:
(adj) doubtful, unconvinced,
uncertain, cynical
convincing: (adj) cogent, forceful,
persuasive, compelling, believable,
probable, impressive, likely,
credible, valid, plausible.
ANTONYMS: (adj) weak,
unrealistic, unpersuasive,
questionable, dubious, doubtful,
unbelievable, disputable, inaccurate,
hesitant, unreliable
cool: (adj, v) chill, assuage, soothe;
(adj) chilly, cold, collected,
composed, fine, aloof; (v) quench;
(n) poise. ANTONYMS: (v) heat;
(adj) hot, agitated, excited, friendly,
feverish, enthusiastic, tepid,
temperate, bad, upset
coolness: (n) chill, cool, composure,
assurance, cold, calmness,
alienation, frigidity, equanimity,
chilliness, poise. ANTONYMS: (n)
friendliness, panic, approachability,
mustiness, turbulence, agitation
copied: (adj) counterfeit, derivative,
sham, false, phony, mock, imitative,
forged, fake, ersatz, bogus.
ANTONYM: (adj) real
copying: (n) duplicating, duplication,
imitation, replication, repetition,
reproduction, tracing, repeating,
printing, resistance; (adj) imitative
cordial: (adj) genial, warm, affable,
amiable, friendly, genuine, ardent,
unaffected, gracious, honest; (n)
liqueur. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unfriendly, stern, cold, cool,
disagreeable, aloof, reserved,
distant, rude, uncordial, unpleasant
cordiality: (adj, n) friendliness,
geniality, sympathy, sociability; (n)
hospitality, sincerity, affability,
amity, kindness, amiability; (v)
heartiness. ANTONYMS: (n)
frostiness, disapproval,
disapprobation, disagreement,
difference, misunderstanding,
hostility, rudeness
cordially: (adv) warmly, genially,
kindly, sincerely, heartfeltly,
ardently, friendly, jovially,
earnestly, affectionately,
harmoniously. ANTONYMS: (adv)
disagreeably, frostily
correctness: (n) appropriateness,
Jane Austen
precision, exactness, truth, rightness,
properness, fitness, propriety,
justness, correctitude, veracity.
ANTONYMS: (n) vagueness,
informality, impropriety,
misconduct, wrongness,
inappropriateness, inaccuracy, error,
abandon, unsuitability, immorality
correspond: (adj, n, v) agree; (v)
accord, coincide, conform, suit,
consort, match, parallel, fit, answer,
harmonize. ANTONYMS: (v)
disagree, conflict, contradict,
disaccord, clash, jar
correspondence: (n) accord,
connection, agreement,
communication, coincidence,
concord, affinity, parallelism,
parallel, similarity, symmetry.
ANTONYMS: (n) dissimilarity,
asymmetry, disagreement,
incongruity, divergence, imbalance,
contrast, clash
cottage: (n) cabin, bungalow, crib,
hut, villa, lodge, shanty, chalet,
country house, house, cot
cough: (v) clear the throat, to cough,
spit up, cough up, expectorate; (n)
expiration, exhalation, symptom,
sneeze, breathing out
counsel: (v) advise, consult,
admonish, confer, warn; (n, v)
caution, advocate; (n) barrister,
advisement, consultation,
admonition. ANTONYMS: (v)
betray, trick, deceive, conceal,
oppose; (n) warning
counsellor: (n) counselor, advocate,
adviser, councillor, advisor, mentor,
pleader, attorney, lawyer,
consultant, solicitor
countenance: (n) aspect, expression,
brow, complexion; (n, v) face,
sanction, support, favor; (v) allow,
tolerate, uphold. ANTONYMS: (v)
reject, oppose, discourage,
disapprove, prohibit
counter: (adj, n) converse; (n, v)
reply; (n) bench, reverse, numerator;
(v) contradict, resist, react, retort,
respond; (adj) antagonistic.
ANTONYMS: (v) yield, surrender;
(adv) similarly, same, equally; (adj)
corroborating, corresponding,
consistent, concurring, analogous,
agreeing
counteract: (v) antagonize,
counterbalance, check, balance,
cancel, hinder, neutralize,
contradict, resist, compensate,
contravene. ANTONYMS: (v) help,
cooperate, assist, approve,
395
coordinate, support, back, reinforce
countless: (adj) innumerable,
multitudinous, many, endless,
myriad, measureless, uncounted,
legion, untold, infinite, incalculable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) finite, limited,
numbered, counted, countable,
small
courage: (n) audacity, fortitude,
boldness, nerve, spirit, backbone,
valor, heroism, gallantry, mettle,
chivalry. ANTONYMS: (n)
cowardice, faintheartedness,
weakness, wimpiness, yellowness
courtesy: (adj, n) civility,
complaisance; (n) propriety,
chivalry, comity, politeness,
gallantry, decency, attention,
breeding, etiquette. ANTONYMS:
(n) rudeness, discourtesy,
unkindness, informality,
impoliteness, disservice,
brusqueness, incivility, vulgarity,
crudeness, neglect
courting: (n) wooing, courtship,
bundling, appeal, attraction, case,
causa, cause, flirtation, suit
cousin: (n) nephew, cousins, friend,
cousinship, relation, akin, relative,
full cousin, companion
covenant: (n, v) contract, agreement,
compact, bargain, pact, promise; (n)
bond, arrangement, concord, deed;
(v) vow
covering: (n) cover, coating, blanket,
coat, casing, wrapper, case,
concealment, awning; (adj, n, v)
clothing; (n, v) apparel.
ANTONYMS: (prep) exactly,
beneath
covert: (adj) clandestine, hidden,
concealed, secret, underground,
undercover; (n) cover, blind, refuge,
concealment, covering.
ANTONYMS: (adj) open,
aboveboard, unconcealed, public,
blatant
cows: (n) cattle, cow, bull, ox, oxen,
Bos Taurus, bullock, beef, Cowes,
steer, milker
coxcomb: (n) cockscomb, fop, beau,
dandy, exquisite, dude, blood, buck,
comb, crest, sheik
cramps: (n) spasm
creating: (v) create; (n) making
creature: (n) being, brute, animal,
tool, individual, person, body,
entity, human, puppet, somebody
creditable: (adj, v) reputable,
respectable; (adj, n) meritorious;
(adj) praiseworthy, laudable,
worthy, admirable, believable; (n)
 396
estimable, dignity; (v) up to the
mark. ANTONYMS: (adj) unworthy,
disrespected, disgraceful,
discreditable, lamentable, poor,
blameworthy
credulous: (adj) gullible,
unsuspecting, simple, unsuspicious,
unquestioning, green, trusting,
unwary, innocent, believing,
illogical. ANTONYMS: (adj)
suspicious, wary, disbelieving,
suspecting, skeptical, cynical,
untrusting, shrewd, rational, smart,
mistrustful
critique: (n) criticism, commentary,
critical review, notice, judgment,
analysis, critic, report, article,
literary criticism, reexamination.
ANTONYM: (n) compliment
crooked: (adj) bent, corrupt,
dishonest, curved, unfair, deformed;
(adj, n, v) awry; (adj, v) irregular,
askew, wry, indirect. ANTONYMS:
(adj) straight, honest, principled,
even, aboveboard, lawful, level,
moral, flat, aligned, honorable
crossing: (n) transit, ford,
intersection, hybridization,
crossbreeding, passage, voyage,
mating, crossway, crosswalk, cruise
crossness: (n) crabbedness,
crabbiness, petulance, peevishness,
testiness, irritability, choler,
annoyance, anger, ire, fury
crowned: (adj) laureled, fulfilled,
browbound, incoronate, successful
cruel: (adj, v) hard, harsh, sharp,
severe; (adj) barbarous, unkind,
brutal, bloody, bitter, savage,
atrocious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
merciful, gentle, sympathetic,
humane, liberal, compassionate,
charitable, friendly, caring,
considerate, libertarian
cruelly: (adv) harshly, ferociously,
fiercely, viciously, inhumanly,
mercilessly, pitilessly, heartlessly,
roughly, unkindly; (adj, adv)
bitterly. ANTONYMS: (adv) kindly,
mercifully, sympathetically, tamely,
peacefully, humanely,
compassionately, sensitively,
respectfully, innocently, genially
cruelty: (n) brutality, cruelness,
oppression, barbarity, ferociousness,
tyranny, violence, atrocity, ferocity,
mercilessness, harshness.
ANTONYMS: (n) compassion,
gentleness, friendliness, humanity,
benevolence, sensitivity, liberty,
decency
crying: (adj, v) exigent, instant,
Sense and Sensibility
pressing, urgent; (adj) insistent,
clamant, imperative, blatant; (n)
weeping; (v) weep; (adj, n) sniveling
cultivated: (adj) cultured, refined,
tame, educated, sophisticated,
elegant, urbane, polished,
accomplished, civil, polite.
ANTONYMS: (adj) wild, untamed,
uncouth, coarse, graceless
cunning: (adj) crafty, canny, adroit,
wily, sly, shrewd, tricky, artful; (n)
craftiness, craft, cleverness.
ANTONYMS: (adj) simple, honest,
stupid, unimaginative, gullible,
ingenuous, straightforward, candid,
sincere; (n) frankness,
straightforwardness
curacy: (n) spot, situation, position,
office, post, cure, curateship, berth
curate: (n) rector, clergyman,
minister, chaplain, pastor,
Stipendiary curate, priest, vicar,
incumbent, reverend, canon
cure: (n, v) correct, medicine, help; (n)
antidote, salve, therapy, treatment;
(v) treat, pickle, preserve, restore.
ANTONYMS: (n) poison; (v) injure,
hurt, harm, wound, damage,
exacerbate
curiosity: (n) curiousness, rarity,
interest, curio, oddity, prying,
nosiness, peculiarity, novelty,
marvel; (adj, n) prodigy.
ANTONYMS: (n) emotionlessness,
indifference, disinterest
curious: (adj) odd, unusual,
abnormal, strange, peculiar,
interested, quizzical, quaint, queer,
inquiring, inquisitive. ANTONYMS:
(adj) incurious, ordinary, apathetic,
uninterested, unconcerned, typical,
indifferent, everyday, disinterested,
conventional, common
curricle: (n) phaeton, chariot, mail
phaeton, coach, wagonette, cart,
break
cutting: (adj) biting, keen, caustic,
bitter, acrimonious, incisive, raw;
(adj, n) acute; (n) cut, slip; (adj, v)
satirical. ANTONYMS: (adj) blunt,
complimentary, flattering, kind,
pleasant, hot, consoling; (n)
extension, freedom, expansion,
addition
dagger: (n) bodkin, sword, blade,
obelisk, knife, stiletto, dirk, cutlass,
grapheme, saber, skean
damp: (adj) moist, muggy, clammy,
cool, dank; (v) check, chill, deaden,
break; (n) moisture, dampness.
ANTONYMS: (n) dryness; (adj)
parched, arid, dried, fresh, hard
dancing: (n) choreography,
Terpsichore, saltation, break
dancing, ceremonial dance,
galloping, hoofing, Pavan; (adj)
morrice; (adv) adance; (v) saltant
dare: (n, v) venture; (v) defy, brave,
hazard, confront, risk, resist, make
bold; (n) adventure, daring,
defiance. ANTONYMS: (v) avoid,
flee, pass, refrain, retreat, obey
darling: (adj, n) beloved, pet, favorite,
sweet; (adj) costly, cute, pretty; (adj,
v) precious; (n) love, deary, angel.
ANTONYMS: (n) foe, rival
dashing: (adj) stylish, dapper,
gallant, showy, smart, snappy,
impetuous, rakish, raffish, brave;
(adj, n) spruce. ANTONYMS: (adj)
boring, unstylish, dull, bumbling,
bland, awkward, drab, graceless
dawdling: (adj) slow, dilatory, tardy,
deliberate, measured, laggard; (n)
dalliance, coquetry, trifling,
dithering, wavering. ANTONYMS:
(n) decisiveness; (adj) rushed, fast
dearest: (n) dear, darling, love,
honey, lover, sweetheart, loved one,
baby; (adj) precious, intimate, sweet
dearly: (adv) affectionately,
preciously, darlingly, sweetly, petly,
expensively, belovedly, intimately,
highly, heartfeltly, lovely
debts: (n) amount overdue, amount
outstanding. ANTONYM: (n) credit
decay: (adj, n, v) decline; (v)
decompose, crumble, corrupt; (n, v)
blight, ebb, rust, collapse; (n)
decomposition, corruption,
disintegration. ANTONYMS: (v)
flourish, grow, thrive, strengthen,
ripen, develop; (n) vigor,
development
decease: (v) go, die, perish, pass, pass
away, exit, expire; (n) demise,
passing, departure, expiration.
ANTONYMS: (n) nascency; (v)
survive
deceitful: (adj) false, fraudulent,
insincere, crooked, dishonest,
untrue, sly, artful, untrustworthy,
unreliable, treacherous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) straightforward,
genuine, trustworthy, truthful, loyal,
open, principled, straight, upright,
faithful, dependable
deceive: (v) cheat, circumvent,
bamboozle, pretend, hoax, fool,
cozen, trick, beguile; (n, v) dupe; (n)
fraud. ANTONYMS: (v) guide,
inform, undeceive, protect
deceived: (adj) mistaken, misguided
deceiving: (adj) deceptive, deceitful,

cheating, fallacious, dishonest, lying,
treacherous, imposing, delusive,
sanctimonious, mistaken.
ANTONYM: (adj) correct
decent: (adj) adequate, appropriate,
becoming, decorous, sufficient,
honest, acceptable, modest, seemly,
comely; (adj, adv) right.
ANTONYMS: (adj) immoral,
inappropriate, disreputable,
indecent, unsuitable, inadequate,
filthy, undressed, unkind, smutty,
selfish
decently: (adv) becomingly,
decorously, fairly, correctly, seemly,
fitly, courteously, justly,
appropriately, rightly, right.
ANTONYMS: (adv) rudely,
improperly, disreputably,
inappropriately, immorally
deception: (n, v) cheat; (n) illusion,
trick, pretense, delusion, betrayal,
fake, flam, bluff, gammon, cheating.
ANTONYMS: (n) honesty,
candidness, sincerity, openness,
correction, integrity, genuine,
truthfulness
deciding: (adj) crucial, critical,
conclusive, determining,
determinative, determinant,
decisive, administrative; (v) decide;
(n) resolution, decision making.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inconclusive,
secondary
decisive: (adj) conclusive, crucial,
critical, decided, important, final,
authoritative; (adj, v) positive,
definite, categorical, unqualified.
ANTONYMS: (adj) uncertain, weak,
unsure, roundabout, questionable,
indefinite, unconvincing,
inconsequential, inconclusive,
hesitant, insignificant
decisively: (adv) resolutely,
conclusively, firmly, finally,
fatefully, crucially, definitively,
positively, absolutely, definitely,
flatly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
irresolutely, unconvincingly,
indecisively, aimlessly,
insignificantly, halfheartedly,
hesitantly
declaration: (n) affirmation,
assertion, expression,
pronouncement, statement,
allegation, enunciation,
acknowledgment, predication; (n, v)
claim, avowal. ANTONYMS: (n)
denial, disavowal, retraction,
request
declare: (v) advertise, assert, allege,
attest, aver, admit, acknowledge,
Jane Austen
proclaim, avow; (n, v) affirm, say.
ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, revoke,
suppress, retract, repress, disclaim,
withhold, request, refute, block
declared: (adj) stated, apparent, state,
public, professed, proclaimed,
explicit, ostensible, expressed,
confirmed, alleged
declaring: (adj) affirming, predicant
declined: (adj) less
declining: (adj) deteriorating,
decreasing, waning, falling, down,
decadent, fading, lessening,
diminishing, sloping; (n) decrease.
ANTONYMS: (adj) thriving,
burgeoning, growing
decorum: (n) propriety, gentility,
decorousness, dignity, fitness,
manners, correctness, ceremony,
properness, politeness, grace.
ANTONYMS: (n) impoliteness,
rudeness, informality, indecorum,
impropriety, indecency, corruption,
abandon, vulgarity
decrease: (v) abate, lessen, diminish,
abridge, lower, curtail, contract, cut
back; (n, v) cut, fall, wane.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) rise; (n) growth,
extension, development, expansion;
(v) grow, intensify, expand, raise,
enlarge, add
decree: (n, v) command, award, rule,
act, will, dictate; (v) decide, enact,
ordain; (n) edict, decision
deed: (n) accomplishment, act, feat,
behavior, action, exploit, covenant,
doing, document, title, fact.
ANTONYM: (n) failure
deepest: (adj) inmost, center, cordial,
earnest, genuine, hearty, warm,
sincere, innermost. ANTONYM:
(adj) outermost
defect: (adj, n) blemish, imperfection,
infirmity; (n) flaw, blot,
shortcoming, weakness, deficiency,
scar, failing, dearth. ANTONYMS:
(n) strength, merit, faultlessness,
excellence, capability, enhancement,
perfection; (v) uphold, remain, join,
embrace
defective: (adj) bad, faulty, imperfect,
broken, lacking, incomplete,
unsound, vicious, inaccurate, rotten,
wanting. ANTONYMS: (adj) sound,
flawless, unbroken, adequate, intact,
capable, dependable, fine
defend: (n, v) guard, shield,
advocate; (v) justify, protect, assert,
support, maintain, champion,
apologize, shelter. ANTONYMS: (v)
prosecute, abandon, endanger,
surrender, renounce, oppose,
397
forsake, assault, contradict, destroy,
expose
defended: (adj) shielded, secured,
watched over, secure, sacred
defer: (v) adjourn, postpone, comply,
procrastinate, bow, suspend, retard,
accede, protract; (adj, v) put off; (n,
v) delay. ANTONYMS: (v) advance,
rush, hurry, hasten, forge, disagree,
expedite, continue, resist
deference: (n) homage, respect,
compliance, admiration, allegiance,
reverence, obedience, submission,
compliancy, duty, complaisance.
ANTONYMS: (n) contempt,
opposition, rebellion, resistance,
disobedience
deficiency: (adj, n) defect, blemish,
imperfection; (n) dearth, lack,
failing, deficit, shortcoming,
inadequacy, absence; (n, v) want.
ANTONYMS: (n) excess, perfection,
provision, enough, adequacy,
supply, strength, virtue, surplus,
gain, glut
deficient: (adj) wanting, inadequate,
scanty, imperfect, short, scarce, less,
lacking, low, meager, insufficient.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sufficient,
perfect, ample, flawless, enough,
excessive, complete, present, sound,
strong, confident
define: (v) characterize, explain,
clarify, bound, name, interpret,
limit, construe, restrict,
circumscribe, outline. ANTONYMS:
(v) obscure, confuse, confound,
conceal, tangle
defy: (n, v) dare; (v) brave, resist,
ignore, confront, revolt, oppose,
withstand, disobey, contradict; (n)
defiance. ANTONYMS: (v) obey,
acquiesce, surrender, yield, comply,
accept
degrade: (v) cheapen, demean,
corrupt, decrease, dishonor,
disparage; (n, v) disgrace, reduce;
(adj, n, v) abase; (adj, v) debauch,
lessen. ANTONYMS: (v) honor,
admire, aggrade, elevate, uplift,
worship, respect, promote, praise,
dignify, purify
degraded: (adj) debased, low,
ignoble, debauched, depraved,
abject, sordid, dishonored,
corrupted, contemptible, base.
ANTONYM: (adj) good
dejected: (adj) sad, depressed, low,
downhearted, gloomy, down,
unhappy, spiritless, sorrowful,
miserable, melancholy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) elated, happy,
 398
euphoric, joyous, encouraged,
positive, enthusiastic, hopeful
dejection: (n) discouragement,
depression, sadness, despair,
sorrow, woe, grief, melancholy,
blues, desolation, despondency.
ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness,
ecstasy, encouragement,
hopefulness, joy, cheer
delay: (adj, v) defer, linger; (n, v)
arrest, wait, check, stay; (n)
deferment, interruption; (v)
postpone, reserve, adjourn.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) rush; (n)
decisiveness, promptness; (v)
advance, hurry, begin, hasten, go,
expedite, speed, prompt
delayed: (adj) belated, tardy,
protracted, deferred, slow, retarded,
held up, backward, back, prolonged;
(adv) behind. ANTONYMS: (adj)
early, expedited, prompt
deliberate: (v) cogitate, consult,
debate, think, confer, contemplate;
(adj) careful, circumspect, slow,
thoughtful, calculated.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unintentional,
accidental, hasty, ingenuous,
involuntary, spontaneous, rushed,
automatic, unwitting, unstudied,
subliminal
deliberating: (adj) deliberative,
pondering
deliberation: (n) cogitation, counsel,
debate, caution, thought,
advisement, attention,
contemplation, consultation; (adj, n)
calculation, circumspection.
ANTONYMS: (n) thoughtlessness,
carelessness, impetuosity,
distraction, rashness
delicacies: (n) food, delices, cates,
regalia
delicacy: (adj, n) weakness, fragility,
tidbit; (n) finesse, daintiness,
delicate, elegance, sensitivity,
luxury, treat, airiness. ANTONYMS:
(n) sturdiness, toughness, durability,
frankness, inelegance, ruggedness,
vulgarity, tactlessness, insensitivity,
inaccuracy, clumsiness
delicate: (adj) accurate, tender,
dainty, refined, breakable, fragile,
beautiful, brittle, soft, nice, frail.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant,
robust, heavy, sturdy, tough,
careless, inaccurate, rough, well,
substantial, unscrupulous
delight: (n) joy, pleasure, amusement,
rejoicing, gladness; (v) ravish,
amuse, please, captivate, transport,
enrapture. ANTONYMS: (n) misery,
Sense and Sensibility
dismay, dissatisfaction, sadness,
nuisance, discontent; (v) depress,
displease, sadden, irk; (n, v) bore
delighted: (adj) glad, cheerful,
blissful, jubilant, happy, overjoyed,
joyful, captivated, pleasant; (adj, v)
pleased, elated. ANTONYMS: (adj)
shocked, unhappy, sorrowful,
depressed, melancholy, miserable,
desolate, sorry, sad, down
delightful: (adj) delicious, delectable,
charming, pleasing, grateful,
blissful, amiable, adorable, lovely,
nice, gorgeous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unpleasant, unwelcome, hateful,
miserable, unhappy, unappealing,
horrific, horrible, disagreeable,
depressing, annoying
delineated: (adj) portrayed, lineal,
graphic, represented
delirium: (n) craze, insanity, mania,
disturbance, fever, ecstasy,
derangement; (adj, n) fury; (adj)
furor, rage, distraction.
ANTONYMS: (n) indifference,
dejection
deliver: (v) consign, bear, carry, save,
rescue, abandon, send, pronounce,
hand over, bring; (adj, v) utter.
ANTONYMS: (v) capture, confine,
imprison, hold, oppress, enslave,
restrain, retain, collect, withhold,
shackle
deliverance: (n) salvation, rescue,
release, freedom, escape,
emancipation, delivery, relief,
liberation, liberty, salvage.
ANTONYMS: (n) downfall,
suppression
demeanor: (n, v) bearing, conduct; (n)
carriage, air, deportment, attitude,
manner, behaviour, guise, mien,
port
demesne: (n) estate, manor, fief, feoff,
field, realm, homestead, dominion,
region, land, archduchy
demur: (adj, v) hesitate, boggle,
stickle; (n, v) protest, scruple; (v)
dissent, refuse, deprecate, doubt,
object; (n) challenge. ANTONYMS:
(v) accept, concur, acquiesce,
approve
demure: (adj) humble, modest, coy,
reserved, prim, bashful, shy,
retiring, timid; (adj, v) sober, grave.
ANTONYMS: (adj) bold, outgoing,
extroverted, loudmouthed,
boisterous, decadent, exciting,
indecorous, brazen
denial: (adv, n) negation; (n)
abnegation, repulse, renunciation,
no, contradiction, abjuration,
rejection, negative, refusal; (v) deny.
ANTONYMS: (n) acceptance,
declaration, affirmation, confession,
admission, agreement, provision,
prosecution, approval, permission,
affirmative
denote: (adj, n, v) declare; (adj, v)
express; (v) indicate, imply, mean,
point, demonstrate, stand for, spell;
(n, v) betoken, signify. ANTONYM:
(v) connote
denoting: (adj) significant
deny: (v) controvert, rebuff,
contradict, disavow, gainsay, reject,
oppose, refuse, disown, abnegate,
renounce. ANTONYMS: (v) affirm,
claim, acknowledge, declare,
maintain, agree, spoil, accept,
accede, allow, argue
depart: (v) go, deviate, decease,
diverge, start, stray, wander, leave,
die, vary, part. ANTONYMS: (v)
stay, arrive, enter, come, abide,
conform, continue, remain, appear,
converge, return
departed: (adj) dead, bygone, late,
former, bypast, defunct, past, left;
(adj, v) gone, extinct; (n) decedent.
ANTONYMS: (adj) remaining, alive
departing: (adj, v) parting; (adj, n)
leaving, going away; (adj) outgoing,
outbound, outward, passing,
decedent, valedictory, retiring; (v)
depart. ANTONYM: (n) arrival
departure: (n, v) decease, demise; (n)
exit, leave, deviation, divergence,
depart, parting, aberration, passing,
takeoff. ANTONYMS: (n)
appearance, conformity, greeting,
ingress, influx, homecoming,
regularity, entrance, birth, coming,
advance
dependence: (n) belief, confidence,
addiction, dependance, faith,
dependency, credence, hope,
subordination, trust; (adj)
contingency. ANTONYMS: (n)
abstinence, distrust
depending: (adv) dependingly; (v)
depend; (adj) suspensory, pendent,
subject to, pendulous
deplorable: (adj) sad, wretched,
criminal, calamitous, abominable,
pitiful, lamentable, miserable,
regrettable, sorry; (adj, v) woeful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) acceptable,
pleasing, laudable, happy, cheerful,
admirable, agreeable, excellent,
fortunate, praiseworthy
depravity: (n) corruption, evil,
degeneracy, depravation,
debauchery, degeneration,

degradation, wickedness, vice,
turpitude; (adj) demoralization.
ANTONYMS: (n) honor, justice,
morality, nobility, purity, restraint,
uprightness, virtue, righteousness,
decency, goodness
depressed: (adj) low, blue, dejected,
sad, dispirited, downhearted,
downcast, down, gloomy, hollow,
disappointed. ANTONYMS: (adj)
cheerful, happy, convex, booming,
elated, encouraged, euphoric,
exhilarated, flourishing, optimistic,
prospering
deprive: (v) divest, bereave, despoil,
denude, deny, rob, dispossess,
dismantle, starve; (adj, v) abridge,
curtail. ANTONYMS: (v) provide,
present, offer, indulge, give, endow,
appropriate, supply, add
deprived: (adj) bereft, poor, destitute,
depressed, needy, broke, bankrupt,
denuded, humble, indigent,
insolvent. ANTONYMS: (adj) rich,
exalted, salubrious
derive: (v) stem, acquire, draw,
deduct, come, result, extract, educe,
infer, gain, elicit. ANTONYM: (v)
invent
derived: (adj) secondary, calculated,
variant, resulting, resultant,
plagiaristic, imitative, derivate,
deliberate, copied, calculable
descend: (v) settle, condescend,
down, drop, deign, subside, go
down, dismount, derive, get off,
come down. ANTONYMS: (v)
ascend, climb, float, scale, increase,
level, mount
descendant: (adj, n) descendent; (n)
offspring, progeny, scion, offshoot,
successor, relation, heir, derivative,
follower, sprig. ANTONYMS: (n)
precursor, progenitor, parent,
forebear, ascendant, predecessor
describing: (n) telling, unfolding,
relating, recounting, recitation
deserted: (adj) desert, solitary, empty,
lonely, isolated, forsaken, lonesome,
desolate, bleak, vacant; (adj, v)
forlorn. ANTONYMS: (adj)
occupied, packed, crowded,
mobbed, populated, populous,
overcrowded
desertion: (n) abandonment,
defection, apostasy, dereliction,
withdrawal, secession, rejection,
decampment, exposure, leaving,
disappearance. ANTONYMS: (n)
appearance, attention, preservation
deserts: (n) desert, just deserts, due,
compensation, comeupance
Jane Austen
deserve: (v) rate, warrant, gain, earn,
to deserve, demand, justify, bear; (n,
v) reward; (n) richly deserve, worth
deserved: (v) merited, richly
deserved; (adj) appropriate, due,
fitting, just, earned, suitable,
rightful, adequate, required
deserving: (adj) meritorious,
admirable, creditable,
commendable, laudable, fit, good,
deserved, condign; (v) deserve,
worthy of. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unworthy, undeserving,
unimpressive
desirable: (adj) eligible, suitable,
fitting, worthy, expedient,
appropriate, alluring, charming,
covetable, good, fascinating.
ANTONYMS: (adj) repulsive, bad,
detrimental, disadvantageous,
disgusting, repugnant, repellant,
unattractive, unenviable, unwanted,
useless
desired: (adj) coveted, desirable,
favorite, wanted, welcome, needed,
beloved, required, most wanted;
(adj, v) chosen; (v) consenting
desiring: (adj) envious, insatiable,
desirous, eager; (adv) fleshly
desirous: (adj) wistful, avid,
ambitious, greedy, longing, eager,
hungry, covetous, envious, agog;
(adj, v) willing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
undesirous, reluctant, undesiring,
unconcerned
despair: (n) disappointment,
desolation, dejection, melancholy,
gloom, desperation, depression,
dismay, discouragement,
pessimism, sorrow. ANTONYMS:
(n) happiness, hopefulness,
expectation, joy, cheer, cheerfulness,
resilience, elation, joyfulness
despatch: (n) shipment, expedition,
communique, mission, consignment,
sending, forwarding; (v) transmit,
expedite, quicken, send
desperate: (adj) despairing, dire,
critical, abject, dangerous, in
despair, grave, awful, despondent,
drastic; (adj, v) forlorn.
ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeful,
optimistic, rational, promising,
minor, cautious, casual, careful,
trivial, secure, satisfied
desperately: (adv) forlornly,
despairingly, hopelessly, terribly,
extremely, despondently, recklessly,
seriously, wretchedly; (adj, adv)
severely, madly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) hopefully, easily,
optimistically, trivially, cheerfully,
399
slightly, sluggishly, hardly
desperation: (adj, n) despair, fury,
rage; (n) recklessness, foolhardiness,
desperateness, burst, confusion,
trouble, misery; (adj) raving.
ANTONYMS: (n) optimism,
confidence, hopefulness, hope,
happiness, caution, prudence,
calmness
despise: (v) disdain, loathe,
depreciate, abhor, dislike, detest,
slight, hate; (n, v) contemn; (n)
contempt, deride. ANTONYMS: (v)
respect, love, adore, appreciate,
cherish, like, praise, accept
despised: (adj) scorned, despicable,
hated, abject, disparaged, mean,
attaching disgrace, unpopular,
unloved, reviled, opprobrious
despising: (n) despisal, contempt,
despisement; (adj) disdainful
desponding: (adj) despairing,
despondent
dessert: (n) sweet, afters, pudding,
ambrosia, blancmange, compote,
confectionery, confection; (v) bait,
bever, dejeuner
destination: (n) goal, aim, address,
haven, doom, butt, destiny,
terminus, target, finish, purpose.
ANTONYM: (n) start
destiny: (n) fate, chance, fortune,
kismet, luck, lot, destination,
portion, weird, life; (n, v) doom.
ANTONYMS: (n) chance, design
destroy: (v) demolish, blight, despoil,
subvert, dismantle, devour, wreck,
devastate; (adj, v) desolate, abolish;
(n, v) murder. ANTONYMS: (v)
preserve, create, make, construct,
protect, repair, restore, uphold,
sustain, submit, revive
destroyed: (adj) ruined, lost, desolate,
shattered, desolated, broken,
depressed, dead, damaged, undone,
fallen. ANTONYMS: (adj)
preserved, living
detain: (v) arrest, confine, catch,
capture, apprehend, stay, keep, jail,
imprison, incarcerate, retard.
ANTONYMS: (v) free, liberate, rush
detected: (adj) apparent, convicted,
detect
detecting: (n) spotting, investigation,
catching, detective work, sleuthing,
police investigation, hearing; (adj)
observant
detection: (n) revelation,
demodulation, detecting,
uncovering, unearthing, disclosure,
spotting, spying, sense, recognition,
catching. ANTONYM: (n)
 400
concealment
deter: (v) dissuade, bar, check, keep,
block, hinder, impede, discourage;
(n, v) cow, intimidate, abash.
ANTONYMS: (v) persuade, speed,
facilitate, promote, support,
stimulate, yield, attract
determinate: (adj) definitive,
conclusive, certain, clear, special,
decided, final, fixed; (v) absolute,
unqualified, express. ANTONYM:
(adj) indeterminate
determination: (n) conclusion,
definition, resolution, decisiveness,
resolve, will, tenacity, appointment,
assessment, constancy; (v) award.
ANTONYMS: (n) weakness,
compliance, indecisiveness,
feebleness, vacillation, irresolution,
cowardice, indetermination,
hesitation, flexibility, rashness
determining: (adj) crucial, deciding,
conclusive, determinate, certain,
definite, decisive, fixed, terminative;
(v) determine; (n) terminer
detest: (n, v) hate; (v) abominate,
loathe, despise, execrate, dislike,
nauseate, contemn, dislike intensely;
(n) loathing, abhorrence.
ANTONYMS: (v) adore, like,
cherish, admire
detestably: (adv) abysmally, terribly,
appallingly, curstfully, awfully,
odiously, repulsively, atrociously,
damnably
detested: (adj) despised, unpopular,
disliked, loathed, not accepted,
unloved, scorned, reviled, out of
favor, not liked
detract: (v) depreciate, defame,
derogate, deprecate, traduce,
disparage, lose, cut, slander,
subtract, damage. ANTONYMS: (v)
increase, heighten, enhance
deviation: (n) aberration, diversion,
difference, change, deflection,
variation, divergence, alteration,
anomaly, deviance, variance.
ANTONYMS: (n) normality,
conformity, regularity,
correspondence, convergence,
conformance, uniformity, similarity,
agreement
devil: (n) fiend, demon, ghost,
monster, Lucifer, Satan, Beelzebub,
deuce, daemon; (v) torment, rag.
ANTONYM: (n) angel
devoted: (adj, v) addicted, ardent,
fond; (adj) affectionate, constant,
loyal, pious, faithful, reliable,
zealous; (adj, prep) consecrated.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disloyal,
Sense and Sensibility
indifferent, unfaithful, neglectful,
uncaring, unenthusiastic,
unattached, lukewarm, inconstant,
halfhearted, disobedient
diabolical: (adj) diabolic, demoniac,
demonic, infernal, hellish, unholy,
fiendish, wicked, satanic, atrocious,
evil
dictate: (n, v) command, charge,
order, decree; (n) bidding, behest,
edict; (v) bid, prescribe, rule, ordain.
ANTONYMS: (v) request, ask,
record; (n, v) obey
diction: (n, v) style; (n) phraseology,
language, phrasing, articulation,
choice of words, locution, parlance,
enunciation, expression, speech
differently: (adv) variously,
otherwise, divergently, dissimilarly,
disparately, distinctly, unlikely,
contrarily, individually, unusually,
oppositely. ANTONYMS: (adv)
alike, correspondingly
differing: (adj) divergent, opposite,
disagreeing, different, diverse,
heretical, dissonant, dissentaneous,
discrepant; (adv) differingly; (n)
divergence. ANTONYMS: (adj)
similar, parallel
diffident: (adj) coy, modest, reserved,
shy, timid, tentative, unassuming,
retiring, hesitant, backward, self-
conscious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
outgoing, confident, brash,
assertive, unrepentant, brave,
arrogant, approachable
diffuse: (v) spread, circulate,
disperse, broadcast, scatter,
propagate, shed, expand, distribute,
permeate; (adj) prolix. ANTONYMS:
(adj) concentrated, abridged, pithy,
succinct, terse, short, abbreviated,
brief, confined, focused, limited
dignified: (adj) exalted, majestic,
noble, grand, lofty, respectable,
solemn, distinguished, lordly, high;
(adj, v) great. ANTONYMS: (adj)
undignified, foolish, dishonorable,
boisterous, unceremonious,
unseemly, vulgar, poor, lowly,
modest, base
dignity: (n) degree, prestige, glory,
decorum, face, distinction, honor,
majesty, eminence, solemnity; (adj,
n) decency. ANTONYMS: (n)
lowliness, indecency, impropriety,
simplicity, cheerfulness, austerity
dilatoriness: (n) unhurriedness,
delay, lateness, slowness, tardiness,
deliberateness, deliberation,
cunctation, laziness
dimensions: (n) size, capacity,
volume, magnitude, extent,
measurement, shape, range,
physique, gauge, figure
diminished: (adj) abated, weakened,
lessened, atrophied, belittled,
attenuate, reduced, lower,
attenuated, cut, short
diminution: (n, v) decrease, decline;
(n) deduction, reduction, abatement,
cut, contraction, rebate, decrement,
curtailment, declension.
ANTONYMS: (n) growth,
expansion, restoration, enlargement
dine: (v) feed, lunch, breakfast,
dining, meal, give, have supper,
take tea, grub, consume, entertain.
ANTONYM: (v) abstain
dining: (n) feeding, eating; (v) eat
dining-room: (n) canteen, restaurant
directed: (adj) oriented, manageable,
destined, concentrating, intent,
formal, absorbed, prescript,
focussed; (v) instruct; (adv) under
directing: (adj) guiding, directive,
administrative, determinative,
directional, sovereign, commanding,
controlling; (n) administration,
conducting, conservation
directions: (n) advice, instruction,
guidance, instructions, briefing,
commands, orders, will
dirt: (n, v) soil, grime; (n) filth, dust,
scandal, garbage, ground, earth,
crap, mire, contamination.
ANTONYMS: (n) cleanness, purity,
luxury, cleanliness, newness
dirty: (adj, v) muddy, dirt; (v)
corrupt, contaminate; (n, v) soil,
defile; (adj) contemptible, bawdy,
contaminated, dingy, impure.
ANTONYMS: (adj) spotless,
hygienic, pure, immaculate,
sanitary, pleasant, sparkling, fair,
wholesome, washed; (v) purify
disadvantage: (n) deprivation,
limitation, loss, inconvenience,
damage, imperfection, detriment,
failing, fault, demerit, losses.
ANTONYMS: (n) benefit, bonus,
value, plus, assistance, gain, help,
aid, strength
disagreeable: (adj) nasty, offensive,
uncomfortable, distasteful,
cantankerous, cross, ungrateful,
abhorrent, horrible, bad, painful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant,
friendly, amiable, inoffensive,
acceptable, desirable, easygoing,
happy, pleasing, sweet, nice
disagreement: (n) discrepancy,
dispute, conflict, contention,
variance, scrap, argument,

difference of opinion, dissension; (n,
v) discord; (adj, n) dissidence.
ANTONYMS: (n) accord, harmony,
consistency, compatibility, treaty,
sameness, pact, consent, concord,
acceptance, unity
disappeared: (adj) lost, missing,
extinct, vanished, left. ANTONYM:
(adj) remaining
disappoint: (v) fail, defeat, balk,
baffle, disenchant, betray,
circumvent, bilk, mock, foil; (n, v)
put out. ANTONYMS: (v) please,
satisfy, encourage, fulfill, succeed,
comfort, inspire
disappointed: (adj) despondent,
disgruntled, regretful, dissatisfied,
depressed, sad, unhappy, frustrated,
disenchanted, dejected, disappoint.
ANTONYMS: (adj) pleased,
satisfied, composed, happy,
triumphant, fulfilled, cheerful,
idealistic
disappointing: (adj) unsatisfactory,
regrettable, insufficient,
disheartening, disappointment, off,
dashing hopes, deceitful, deplorable,
dissatisfactory, distressing.
ANTONYMS: (adj) encouraging,
satisfying, acceptable, fortunate,
satisfactory
disappointment: (n) anticlimax,
failure, letdown, comedown,
frustration, shame, disillusionment,
annoyance, dismay, setback,
misfortune. ANTONYMS: (n)
satisfaction, boost, happiness,
pleasure, hopefulness, fulfillment,
comfort, idealism, climax, bonus,
gratification
disapprobation: (n) condemnation,
animadversion, displeasure,
discountenance, disapproval, blame,
objection, dissatisfaction, disfavor,
anger, dislike
disapprove: (v) deprecate, object,
blame, repudiate, censure, disallow,
reject, turn down, refuse,
discountenance, deny.
ANTONYMS: (v) approve, endorse,
accept, embrace, praise, agree,
sanction, pass
disapproved: (adj) old-fashioned,
contraband, chid
disapproving: (adj) critical,
unfavorable, severe, disapprove,
serious, reproachful, reproving,
unconstructive, dim, depressing,
stern. ANTONYMS: (adj)
complimentary, affectionate,
hopeful, cordial, admiring,
favorable, constructive
Jane Austen
disarm: (v) disable, demilitarize,
demilitarise, convince, divest; (adj,
v) invalidate, disqualify; (adj, n)
propitiate; (adj) conciliate, tie the
hands, unfit. ANTONYMS: (v)
fortify, dissuade, discourage, annoy
disastrous: (adj) destructive,
calamitous, fateful, dire, deplorable,
unfortunate, terrible, sinister, sad,
unlucky; (adj, v) ruinous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) successful,
lucky, miraculous, wondrous,
fortuitous, joyous, wonderful
disbelief: (n) discredit, incredulity,
doubt, distrust, agnosticism,
atheism, misgiving, mistrust,
uncertainty, suspicion, wonder.
ANTONYMS: (n) trust, credulity,
faith, understanding, certainty
discarded: (adj) waste, junked, scrap,
unwanted, unnecessary, useless,
throwaway, surplus, superfluous,
unused, obsolete
discern: (v) differentiate, see,
comprehend, detect, distinguish,
make out, perceive, find, note; (n, v)
descry; (adj, v) recognize.
ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, neglect,
disregard, observe, overlook
discerning: (adj) apprehensive,
perceptive, acute, shrewd,
discriminating, discreet, penetrating,
refined, judicious, sharp, conscious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) indiscriminate,
undiscriminating, disregardful,
negligent, overlooking,
undiscerning, unobservant,
unperceptive, insensitive, obtuse,
tasteless
discernment: (n, v) appreciation,
sense, apprehension; (n)
comprehension, discretion, taste,
understanding, insight,
discrimination, perception,
recognition. ANTONYMS: (n)
ignorance, tastelessness,
uncouthness, clumsiness
discharge: (n) dismissal; (adj, v)
acquit, deliver, bounce; (v) clear,
complete, eject, absolve, cashier; (n,
v) drain; (adj, n, v) burst.
ANTONYMS: (v) hire, load, hold,
detain, convict, delegate, charge,
assign, enlist, incarcerate; (n)
burdening
discharged: (adj) released, exempt,
clear, freer, free, fired, finished,
drained, dismissed, defunct,
deadened
discharging: (n) unloading,
discharge, fulfillment, acquittal; (v)
unload
401
disclosing: (n) confession,
communication
disclosure: (n) discovery, exposure,
declaration, confession,
announcement, betrayal, display,
divulgence, leak, manifestation,
publication. ANTONYMS: (n)
denial, hiding
discompose: (v) confuse, discomfit,
ruffle, agitate, abash, derange,
disturb, disorder, unsettle, upset,
embarrass. ANTONYMS: (v)
compose, soothe, alleviate, calm,
quiet, settle
discomposed: (adj) disturbed,
perturbed, doubtful, excited,
distraught, uncomfortable, fearful
discontent: (n) disapproval,
discontentment, disaffection,
displeasure, disappointment,
discontentedness, unrest; (adj)
melancholy, dissatisfied,
disgruntled, discontented.
ANTONYMS: (n) contentment,
pleasure, accord, happiness; (v)
content; (adj, n) happy; (adj)
contented
discontented: (adj, v) querulous,
complaining; (adj) disaffected,
disgruntled, malcontent, unsatisfied,
dissatisfied, displeased, miserable,
put out, ungratified. ANTONYMS:
(adj) pleased, satisfied, happy,
content
discourse: (n, v) address, lecture,
sermon, converse, harangue, chat;
(n) talk, colloquy, conversation,
discussion, homily
discovering: (adj) observant, oracular
discovery: (n) detection, disclosure,
breakthrough, finding, revelation,
catching, revealing, invention, find,
development, exploration
discreet: (adj) circumspect, prudent,
careful, cautious, chary, discerning,
tactful, diplomatic, sensible, politic;
(adj, v) wise. ANTONYMS: (adj)
elaborate, tactless, careless,
indiscreet, reckless, bold, incautious,
thoughtless, insensitive, loud,
obvious
discretion: (n) circumspection,
prudence, delicacy, diplomacy,
calculation, free will, discernment,
discreetness, tact, confidentiality,
choice. ANTONYMS: (n)
tactlessness, rashness, indiscretion,
foolishness, vulgarity, openness,
clumsiness
discrimination: (n) difference,
distinction, taste, differentiation,
discretion, sense, prejudice,
 402
favoritism, wisdom, acumen; (n, v)
judgment. ANTONYMS: (n)
acceptance, impartiality, justice,
unity, tastelessness, fairness,
equality, uncouthness
disengagement: (n) disconnection,
separation, withdrawal,
disentanglement, disjunction,
liberation, extrication,
disassociation, freedom, retreat,
enlargement. ANTONYM: (n)
connection
disgrace: (adj, n, v) dishonor; (n, v)
discredit, shame, stain, blemish,
blot, slur, reproach; (v) degrade,
debase; (n) degradation.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) respect, esteem,
credit; (v) glorify, dignify, praise; (n)
merit, grace, pride, rise, worthiness
disgraced: (adj) shamed, dishonored,
abashed, ashamed, damaged,
dishonest, humiliated, mortified,
disfigured
disgraceful: (adj) dishonorable,
scandalous, shocking, degrading,
disreputable, infamous, base,
ignominious, outrageous, black,
ignoble. ANTONYMS: (adj)
admirable, honorable, reputable,
exalted, commendable, respectable,
noble, glorious
disgust: (n) antipathy, aversion,
abhorrence, abomination,
detestation, dislike, repugnance; (n,
v) shock, distaste; (v) nauseate,
displease. ANTONYMS: (n, v)
delight; (n) love, attraction, liking,
adoration; (v) attract, allure, charm,
entice, please
disgusted: (adj) fed up, ill, weary,
sickened, nauseated, queasy,
indisposed, demented, shocked,
crazy, horrified. ANTONYMS: (adj)
attracted, happy, pleased
disgusting: (adj) abominable,
loathsome, odious, nasty, execrable,
distasteful, disgustful, offensive,
foul, disagreeable, obscene.
ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive,
appealing, delightful, tasty,
pleasing, edible, charming,
appetizing, laudable, lovable, nice
dishonorable: (adj) disgraceful, base,
mean, ignoble, shameful, infamous,
unfair, disreputable, degrading,
wrong, unethical. ANTONYMS:
(adj) honorable, noble, ethical,
glorious, respectable, admirable,
trustworthy, incorrupt, sporting,
reputable, professional
disinclination: (n) dislike, distaste,
indisposition, reluctance, antipathy,
Sense and Sensibility
opposition, disaffection, disrelish,
unwillingness, disfavor; (n, v)
disgust. ANTONYMS: (n)
inclination, disposition, desire,
tendency, keenness, willingness
disinherited: (n) disinheritance; (adj)
homeless, unloved
disinterested: (adj) indifferent,
detached, fair, unbiased, objective,
neutral, dispassionate, equitable,
evenhanded, uninterested,
impassive. ANTONYMS: (adj)
biased, interested, prejudiced, eager,
passionate, riveted, concerned,
partial, personal
disinterestedness: (n) fairness,
disinterest, nonpartisanship,
detachment, indifference, equity,
aloofness, neutrality, disadvantage,
unfriendliness
dislike: (n) disapproval, disaffection,
antipathy, disdain, disfavor,
revulsion; (n, v) hate, disinclination,
aversion, distaste; (v) detest.
ANTONYMS: (n) liking, fondness,
taste, attraction, enjoyment,
preference, longing; (v) like, enjoy,
approve, adore
disliked: (adj) hated, detested,
averse, lousy, loath, undesirable,
companionless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
popular, liked
disliking: (adj) averse, disinclined;
(n) aversion, disfavor,
dissatisfaction, disinclination,
displeasure, distaste
dismiss: (v) cashier, disband, cast,
discard, brush aside, can, bounce,
cast off, cease, dispatch; (n, v) drop.
ANTONYMS: (v) employ, welcome,
signal, remember, recall, mobilize,
maintain, keep, hold, engage,
contract
dismissed: (adj) discharged,
unemployed, clear, convalescent
disobedient: (adj) contrary,
intractable, rebellious, disorderly,
defiant, naughty, wayward, unruly,
willful, headstrong, contumacious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) obedient, good,
compliant, orderly, dutiful,
cooperative, observant, behaving,
loyal, meek, obliging
disorder: (n, v) ailment, disarray,
disease, jumble, muddle; (n) clutter,
disturbance, disarrangement; (v)
derange, confuse, perturb.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) order; (n)
orderliness, calm, peace, tranquility,
health; (v) organize, align, arrange,
systematize, neaten
disordered: (adj) chaotic, upset, sick,
disorganized, broken, incoherent,
deranged, messy, disjointed,
disconnected, ill. ANTONYMS: (adj)
neat, ordered, organized, arranged,
quiet, regulated, systematic,
systematized, straightforward, tidy
dispatch: (n, v) speed, rush; (n)
consignment, expedition, celerity,
quickness; (v) send, accelerate,
deliver, quicken, slay. ANTONYMS:
(n) receiving, receipt, dawdling,
delay, loitering, silence; (v) keep,
start, begin, hold, retain
dispatched: (adj) fulfilled, finished
dispersed: (adj) sparse, spread,
distributed, scattered, diffused,
scatter, outspread, disseminated,
split, dissipated, separate
dispirited: (adj) depressed,
disconsolate, downcast,
discouraged, blue, crestfallen,
dismal, down, downhearted,
disheartened, melancholy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful,
optimistic, euphoric, enthused,
heartened, happy, enthusiastic,
positive
displayed: (adj) extendant, expanded,
splay
displeased: (adj) disgruntled,
dissatisfied, angry, annoyed,
unhappy, peeved, irritated,
disgusted, indignant; (v) pained,
afflicted. ANTONYMS: (adj)
contented, satisfied, calm
displeasure: (n) resentment,
discomfort, dissatisfaction, dislike,
discontent, exasperation, disfavor,
annoyance, offense, pique,
disapproval. ANTONYMS: (n)
satisfaction, pleasure, enjoyment,
happiness, delight, contentment,
equanimity, approval
disposal: (n) administration,
organization, distribution, sale,
classification, alienation, giving,
order, direction, adjustment,
dispensation. ANTONYMS: (n)
cumulation, collection, acquisition,
acquirement, accumulation
dispose: (n, v) incline, order,
influence; (v) adjust, predispose,
position, place, lead, tend; (n) bias,
array. ANTONYMS: (v) disturb,
disqualify, displace, disorder,
disincline, disarrange
disposed: (adj) prone, apt, ready,
subject, prepared, liable, game,
inclined, fain, likely, minded.
ANTONYMS: (adj) ailing,
indisposed, unlikely, disinclined,
reluctant, impervious

disposing: (adv) disposingly; (v)
dispose; (adj) decretive, dispositive;
(n) distribution
disposition: (n) attitude, character,
disposal, tendency, predisposition,
inclination, propensity, bias,
arrangement, direction, aptitude
disproportion: (n) inequality,
discrepancy, difference, imbalance,
inadequacy, incongruity,
irregularity, unevenness, unfairness,
variation, disagreement.
ANTONYMS: (n) equality,
symmetry, proportion, balance,
evenness, parity, justice
dispute: (adj, n, v) quarrel, debate,
question; (n) conflict, difference; (n,
v) argue, wrangle, row, fight,
squabble; (v) discuss. ANTONYMS:
(n) agreement, understanding,
accord, concord; (v) surrender,
concede, concur, confess, support,
accept
disquiet: (v) discompose, perturb; (n,
v) worry, alarm, trouble, disorder,
dismay, discomfort, concern; (n)
anxiety, apprehension.
ANTONYMS: (n) reassurance, quiet,
tranquility, serenity, calmness,
optimism; (v) soothe, settle, relax,
compose, tranquilize
disregard: (n, v) disdain, slight,
scorn; (n) carelessness, contempt; (v)
discount, defy, despise, cut, flout;
(adj, v) overlook. ANTONYMS: (v)
notice, heed, value, obey, accept,
consider; (n) respect,
thoughtfulness, consideration,
attention; (n, v) regard
disregarded: (adj) unnoticed,
neglected, unseen, written off,
wretchless, unvalued, unheeded,
overlooked, lost, irrecoverable; (v)
unregarded
disrespectfully: (adv) impudently,
insolently, rudely, irreverently,
impertinently, flippantly, impiously,
discourteously, cheekily, uncivilly,
boldly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
deferentially, politely
dissatisfaction: (n) displeasure,
disappointment, dislike,
disaffection, discontent, distaste,
disquiet, disapproval, regret,
discontentment, discontentedness.
ANTONYMS: (n) contentment,
approval, gratification, enjoyment,
idealism, optimism
dissatisfied: (adj) discontent,
disgruntled, disappointed, put out,
displeased, malcontent, grumpy,
annoyed, disaffected; (adj, v)
Jane Austen
querulous, complaining.
ANTONYMS: (adj) content,
contented, happy, fulfilled, gratified,
pleased, idealistic
dissembling: (adj) dissimulating,
insincere; (n) pretense, deception,
pretence, deceit, chicanery, feigning,
hypocrisy, misrepresentation,
pretending
dissent: (n, v) discord, dispute,
protest; (n) dissension, difference,
conflict, objection; (v) disagree,
differ, object, contradict.
ANTONYMS: (v) assent, endorse,
concur, comply, approve, sanction;
(n) agreement, consent, concurrence,
accord, compliance
dissimilar: (adj) different, disparate,
diverse, heterogeneous, unlike,
divergent, distinct, not like, not
similar, unequal, separate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) similar, like,
alike, equal, matched, same,
uniform, indistinct
dissipated: (adj, v) fast; (adj)
dissolute, immoral, abandoned,
profligate, prodigal, gay, rakish,
degenerate, squandered, licentious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) upright, moral
dissipation: (n) waste, dissolution,
licentiousness, extravagance, excess,
profligacy, consumption,
decomposition, disintegration; (n, v)
diffusion, dissemination.
ANTONYMS: (n) appearance,
growth, restraint, moderation,
decency, uprightness
dissolving: (n) dissolution, breakup,
dissipation, disintegration,
destruction, cancellation,
adjournment; (adj) solvent,
diffluent, deliquescent
dissuade: (v) discourage, deter,
advise, remonstrate, divert,
expostulate, dehort, hinder, repress,
reason, detain. ANTONYMS: (v)
persuade, encourage, induce,
influence
distant: (adj) remote, aloof, chill,
detached, far, reserved, cool, long,
icy, removed; (adv) afar.
ANTONYMS: (adj) close,
neighboring, adjacent, friendly,
near, nearby, warm, pending,
intimate, involved, alert
distinguish: (v) discriminate,
perceive, know, describe, make out,
discover, descry, behold, identify,
recognize, separate. ANTONYMS:
(v) mistake, confound, ignore, Miss,
unite, demean
distinguished: (adj) dignified,
403
celebrated, illustrious, renowned,
conspicuous, important, reputable,
great, noble, high, well-known.
ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary,
insignificant, undignified, Standard,
pedestrian, low, common, coarse,
base, undistinguished, modest
distinguishing: (adj) distinctive,
identifying, typical, discriminating,
specific, distinct, peculiar; (adv)
distinguishingly; (adj, v)
discriminative; (v) distinguish; (n)
hearing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
common, typical
distractedly: (adj, adv) madly; (adv)
distraughtly, frantically, frenziedly,
wildly, forgetfully, absentmindedly,
inattentively, vaguely, confusedly,
preoccupiedly. ANTONYM: (adv)
calmly
distress: (n, v) pain, torment, trouble,
concern, torture, upset, worry; (n)
anguish, agony; (adj, n) difficulty,
grief. ANTONYMS: (n, v) comfort;
(v) please, soothe, relieve; (n) peace,
encouragement,
straightforwardness, solace,
relieving, relief, prosperity
distressed: (adj) worried, distraught,
anxious, sad, disturbed, downcast,
hurt, distracted, wretched, shocked,
troubled. ANTONYMS: (adj)
composed, content, euphoric,
happy, comforted, glad, joyful,
collected, unconcerned, unaffected
distressing: (adj) sorrowful,
deplorable, pitiful, painful, bad,
depressing, disturbing, sore,
lamentable, hurtful, worrying.
ANTONYMS: (adj) reassuring,
heartwarming, pleasing,
unemotional, soothing, comforting,
comfortable, cheerful, appealing,
happy
distrust: (n, v) mistrust, discredit; (n)
suspicion, misgiving, disbelief,
uncertainty, hesitation; (v) suspect,
disbelieve, question; (adj)
distrustful. ANTONYMS: (n)
confidence, faith, trustingness,
certainty, belief, optimism; (v)
believe, entrust, depend, confide
disturb: (v) trouble, disorder,
disconcert, distress, perturb,
disquiet, distract, discompose,
disrupt, upset, concern.
ANTONYMS: (v) calm, please,
soothe, smooth, order, reassure, sort,
settle, respect, quiet, organize
disturbed: (adj, v) concerned; (adj)
anxious, disquieted, upset,
confused, worried, restless,
 404
disordered, unsettled, distressed,
turbulent. ANTONYMS: (adj)
rational, relaxed, calm, sane,
unaffected, unbroken, peaceful,
stable, carefree, unconcerned,
untroubled
diverted: (adj) abstracted,
entertained, pleased, inattentive,
sidetracked, unfocused, preoccupied
divide: (n, v) cut, part, distribute,
share, split; (v) dissociate,
dismember, separate, dispense,
disconnect, detach. ANTONYMS:
(v) unite, join, connect, combine,
multiply, lump, link, keep, hold,
gather, disarrange
dividing: (n) division, partitioning,
calculation; (v) parting, departing;
(adv) dividingly; (adj) disjunctive,
divisional
divine: (adj) sacred, wonderful,
blessed, holy, exquisite; (n)
clergyman; (v) guess, conjecture,
augur, anticipate; (adj, n) almighty.
ANTONYMS: (adj) imperfect,
profane, earthly, dreadful, physical,
ugly, secular
divorce: (v) detach, disunite,
separate, break up, divide, isolate,
disjoin, disjoint; (n) separation,
divorcement; (n, v) rupture.
ANTONYMS: (n) wedding, union;
(v) unite, associate, espouse, join,
marry
doctrine: (n) creed, philosophy,
belief, dogma, credo, conviction,
lesson, canon, faith, gospel, school
don't: (adv) not; (n) taboo,
prohibition
doomed: (adj, v) destined, fated,
undone; (adj) condemned, cursed,
unlucky, unfortunate, inevitable,
predetermined, ruined; (n) lost.
ANTONYMS: (adj) auspicious,
delivered, hopeful, redeemed,
revived, saved, successful
doting: (adj) fond, loving,
affectionate, devoted, delirious,
caring, amorous, wandering, silly,
lovesome; (v) dote. ANTONYMS:
(adj) inattentive, indifferent,
neglectful, uncaring, disapproving,
cold
dotted: (adj) speckled, dappled,
specked, spotted, dashed, stippled,
scattered, spotty, dot, mottled,
broken
doubly: (adv) twice, twofold, two
times, in two ways, dualistically
doubted: (adj) distrusted, suspected
doubtful: (adj) dubious, debatable,
distrustful, questionable, queer,
Sense and Sensibility
suspicious, tentative, disputable,
diffident, unsettled, unsure.
ANTONYMS: (adj) trusting,
convinced, reliable, confident,
persuaded, provable, sure, hopeful,
promising, likely, indubitable
doubting: (adj) doubtful, distrustful,
disbelieving, incredulous, doubt,
skeptical, suspicious, sceptical,
wary, doubts, distrusting.
ANTONYM: (adj) credulous
doubtingly: (adv) distrustfully,
skeptically, suspiciously, sceptically,
uncertainly, questioningly,
hesitantly, cynically,
apprehensively, incredulously; (adj)
doubting. ANTONYM: (adv)
optimistically
doubtless: (adv) assuredly,
undoubtedly, probably,
unquestionably, clearly, without
doubt, presumably; (adj) sure; (adv,
v) questionless; (adj, adv) no doubt,
to be sure. ANTONYMS: (adj)
improbably, uncertain, unlikely,
questionable
doubts: (adj) doubting
douceur: (v) gratuity, Vail, largess,
oblation, offertory, Peter Pence; (n)
tip, pourboire, kickback, baksheesh,
bakshish
downs: (n) weary waste, heath,
pampas, wold, wild, waste, veldt,
steppe, savanna, prairie
drain: (v) deplete, bleed, leak,
consume; (adj, v) waste, exhaust,
spill; (n) culvert, dike; (adj) cloaca,
dissipate. ANTONYMS: (v) fill,
replenish, renew, supply, replace,
refresh, increase, conserve, enrich,
invigorate; (n) ridge
drawings: (n) drawing, income
dread: (n, v) apprehension, fear,
panic; (n) anxiety, awe,
consternation, alarm, trepidation,
dismay, foreboding, terror.
ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasing,
welcomed, pleasant; (v) welcome,
want; (n) reassurance, fearlessness,
confidence, security, ease, calm
dreaded: (adj) awful, terrible,
cowardly, causing horror, dire,
direful, desperate, dreadful, fearful,
fearsome; (v) drad
dreadful: (adj) bad, awful, alarming,
atrocious, fearful, terrible,
abominable, appalling, direful,
grisly; (adj, v) dread. ANTONYMS:
(adj) wonderful, great, lovely,
fantastic, marvelous, admirable,
successful, nice, joyous, honorable,
fair
dreadfully: (adj, adv) frightfully,
shockingly; (adv) fearfully,
appallingly, hideously,
horrendously, horribly, atrociously,
ghastly, tremendously, horridly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) pleasantly,
wonderfully, happily, hardly,
superbly, well
dreading: (adj) anxious
dreaming: (n) reverie, ambition,
nightmare, conception, castle in the
air; (adj) absent-minded, asleep,
visionary, vacant, wistful, rapt
dressed: (adj) attired, clad, garbed,
appareled, spruced up, spiffed up,
covered, polished, garmented; (v)
clothed, habited
dressing: (n) bandage, stuffing,
fertilization, binding, bandaging,
scolding, fertilizer, manure,
compress, preparation, farce
dried: (adj) arid, desiccated,
dehydrated, shriveled, shrunken,
drained, torrid, parched, withered;
(n) drier, dryer
drift: (adj, n) stream; (n) current,
course, tendency, tone, intent; (adj,
n, v) flow; (n, v) aim, blow; (v)
ramble, float. ANTONYMS: (v)
guide, struggle, set, sink, aim, repel
drinking: (n) consumption, ingestion,
intake, potation, drunkenness,
crapulence, boozing, drinkable,
uptake, intemperateness, booze
driven: (v) drive, impel, operate,
propel; (adj) impelled, compulsive,
motivated, involuntary, dynamic,
successful; (n) drove
droll: (adj) comical, humorous,
funny, laughable, burlesque,
ludicrous, ridiculous; (adj, n) comic,
witty; (n) buffoon, clown.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dramatic, dull,
grave, tragic, solemn
drops: (n) tear
dryness: (n) drought, aridity,
dehydration, aridness, thirst,
desiccation, barrenness, monotony,
status, drying, insensibility.
ANTONYMS: (n) damp, humidity,
wetness, moisture, succulence,
exaggeration, juiciness
dull: (adj) dreary, dense, sluggish,
dismal, slack, torpid; (adj, v) blunt,
stupid; (v) deaden, dampen; (adj, n)
cold. ANTONYMS: (adj) lively,
sharp, stimulating, exciting,
lustrous, interesting, exhilarating,
varied, glossy, glittery, luminous
dullness: (n) apathy, bluntness,
boredom, dreariness, flatness,
tedium, obtuseness, torpor,

monotony, lethargy; (adj, n) phlegm.
ANTONYMS: (n) brightness,
intensity, brilliance, excitement,
intelligence, shine, asperity,
animation, gloss, clarity, variation
duly: (adv) rightfully, correctly,
punctually, proper, precisely, well,
ex officio, accordingly, fairly,
appropriately, properly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) improperly,
unsuitable, unlawfully
dupe: (n, v) fool, con, gull; (v)
defraud, bamboozle, beguile,
deceive, take in, kid, trick; (n)
victim. ANTONYM: (v) enlighten
duration: (adj, n) length, distance; (n)
continuation, time, standing, period,
continuance, stretch, age,
permanency, span
dwell: (adj, v) inhabit; (v) reside,
bide, live, stay, lodge, delay, occupy,
continue, be, settle. ANTONYM: (v)
wander
dwelling: (n) domicile, home,
residence, house, place,
accommodation, address, building,
lodge, habitation; (adj, n) dwell
dwelt: (v) dwell, inhabit
dying: (n) death, demise, decease,
mortality; (adj) vanishing,
moribund, last, final, ultimate,
failing, ebbing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
thriving, well, opening, aborning,
developing, flourishing, growing,
reviving, rejuvenating; (n) birth
eager: (adj) avid, ardent, agog, acute,
zealous, enthusiastic, keen,
ambitious, industrious, studious;
(adj, n) earnest. ANTONYMS: (adj)
indifferent, unconcerned, apathetic,
disinterested, unwilling,
unenthusiastic, lukewarm, patient,
reluctant, listless, bored
eagerly: (adv) zealously, readily,
keenly, fervently, avidly, greedily,
enthusiastically, intently, earnestly,
impatiently, actively. ANTONYMS:
(adv) apathetically, nonchalantly,
grudgingly, patiently, halfheartedly,
reluctantly, unenthusiastically
eagerness: (n, v) desire, aspiration;
(n) enthusiasm, avidity, cupidity,
readiness, passion, keenness,
ambition, fervor, avidness.
ANTONYMS: (n) indifference,
unwillingness, aloofness, disinterest,
lethargy, listlessness, patience,
gloom, reluctance
earliest: (adj) earlier, early, initial,
primordial, matutinal, original,
primitive, aboriginal, chief,
foremost, opening. ANTONYMS:
Jane Austen
(adj) latest, subsequent,
contemporary
earned: (adj) deserved, realized, due
earnest: (adj, v) devout; (adj) eager,
solemn, heartfelt, diligent, studious,
sincere, intense, ardent, staid; (n)
guarantee. ANTONYMS: (adj)
flippant, halfhearted, uncertain,
insincere, unimportant, nonchalant,
lethargic, apathetic, unenthusiastic,
indifferent, frivolous
earnestly: (adj, adv) seriously; (adv)
eagerly, intently, zealously,
solemnly, ardently, fervently,
heartily, gravely, warmly,
passionately. ANTONYMS: (adv)
indifferently, insincerely,
unconcernedly, jokingly
earnestness: (n) seriousness,
sincerity, gravity, fervor, devotion,
graveness, staidness, honesty; (adj,
n) ardor, zeal, intentness.
ANTONYMS: (n) slackness,
lightness, carelessness,
frivolousness, cheerfulness,
insincerity, flippancy
ears: (n) antenna
earthly: (adj, n) terrestrial; (adj)
carnal, worldly, conceivable,
human, geotic, secular, terrene,
temporal, telluric, sublunary.
ANTONYMS: (adj) spiritual, divine,
ethereal, immortal, impossible,
improbable, inconceivable, celestial
ease: (v) alleviate, assuage, relieve,
allay; (n) convenience, rest, leisure,
relief, satisfaction; (adj, v) facilitate;
(n, v) relax. ANTONYMS: (n)
discomfort, formality,
awkwardness, worry, toil, problem,
pain, maladroitness; (v) aggravate,
worsen, impede
easter: (n) east wind, Christmas,
Easter dues, easters, Whitsuntide,
paschal, Easter Day, Easter sunday,
levanter, Allhallows, Pasch
eating: (n) ingestion, intake, feeding,
browsing, banqueting, food,
lunching, supping, pica, repletion;
(v) eat
ebullition: (n) boiling, ferment,
choler, bile, dander; (adj, n)
effervescence; (v) seethe, coction;
(adj) seething, stir, splutter
eclat: (n) acclamation, celebrity,
brilliance, elegance, grandness,
vogue, magnificence; (v)
commendation, praise, laud; (n, v)
acclaim
economical: (adj) prudent, economic,
cheap, inexpensive, provident,
sparing, careful, saving, cautious;
405
(adj, n) frugal; (n) economy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) expensive,
spendthrift, extravagant, wasteful,
costly, lavish, uneconomical, fussy
economically: (adv) frugally,
savingly, prudently, thriftily,
carefully, cheaply, financially,
inexpensively, sparely, stingily,
parsimoniously. ANTONYMS: (adv)
wastefully, generously, expensively
ecstasy: (n) delight, rapture, joy, bliss,
delirium, happiness, trance,
enthusiasm, exaltation, elation; (n, v)
transport. ANTONYMS: (n)
desolation, gloom,
downheartedness, melancholy,
depression, dejection, anguish,
sadness, despair, agony, bore
ecstatic: (adj) delighted, excited,
rhapsodic, rapt, exultant, blissful,
joyful, elated, happy, transported;
(n, v) thrilling. ANTONYMS: (adj)
depressed, down, unhappy,
dejected, desolate, despairing,
miserable, troubled, sad, calm
effected: (adj) completed, complete,
finished, fulfilled, done, realized,
conventional, constituted,
established
effecting: (n) accomplishment,
implementation, completing,
finishing, fulfillment, carrying out;
(adj) effectual
effectual: (adj, n) efficient,
efficacious, able; (adj) forceful,
telling, authoritative, operative,
potent, adequate, impressive,
powerful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
ineffectual, incapable, weak,
impotent, ineffective, unproductive,
unsuccessful, useless
effectually: (adv) efficaciously,
effectively, validly, adequately,
potently, tellingly, strongly,
decisively; (adj) nicely, fully, head
and shoulders. ANTONYM: (adv)
ineffectually
efficacy: (n) effect, potency,
effectiveness, capability, force,
efficiency, efficaciousness, utility,
vigor, strength, usefulness.
ANTONYMS: (n) inefficiency,
ineffectiveness, uselessness
effusion: (n) effluence, eruption,
outpour, efflux, outburst, exudation,
extrusion, exhalation, emanation,
emission, flow
ejaculation: (n) cry, ejection,
emission, interjection, discharge,
vociferation, expelling, exclaiming,
eruption, shout, emanation
elder: (adj) older, big, adult; (n) dean,
 406
doyen, patriarch, ancient, boss,
elderberry, superior, presbyter.
ANTONYMS: (n) youngster, minor,
child, inferior; (adj) youngest,
younger, little
eldest: (adj) elder, older, oldest,
eigne; (n) offspring, progeny, doyen
elect: (n, v) pick; (adj, v) select,
designate; (v) appoint, resolve,
determine, take, prefer, nominate;
(adj, n) chosen; (adj) choice.
ANTONYMS: (v) abjure, appoint,
oust, waver
elegance: (adj, n) daintiness; (n)
refinement, beauty, chic, grace,
style, flair, courtliness, courtesy,
polish, panache. ANTONYMS: (n)
awkwardness, ugliness, inelegance,
bareness, roughness, scruffiness,
untidiness, rudeness, vulgarity,
tackiness, tastelessness
elegant: (adj) delicate, courtly,
splendid, dainty, beautiful, polite,
refined, dressy, debonair, chic, neat.
ANTONYMS: (adj) scruffy, clumsy,
inelegant, plain, tacky, coarse,
unsophisticated, unrefined, shabby,
crude, vigorous
elevated: (adj) exalted, towering,
noble, lofty, grand, great, majestic,
tall, elated, magnanimous; (adj, v)
steep. ANTONYMS: (adj) base,
lowly, decreased, humble, inferior,
lessened, low, sunken, undignified,
lowered
eligibility: (n) qualification, aptitude,
aptness, adequacy, applicability,
appropriateness, eligibleness,
suitability, admissibility,
marriageability, acceptance
eligible: (adj) acceptable, advisable,
fit, due, adequate, desirable,
becoming, proper, able, capable,
admissible. ANTONYMS: (adj)
ineligible, unqualified, disqualified,
unsuitable, unfit, unworthy
eloquence: (n) style, fluency, oratory,
rhetoric, articulateness, expression,
volubility, persuasiveness,
articulacy, facundity, way with
words. ANTONYM: (n)
inarticulateness
elucidation: (n) clarification,
comment, explanation, account,
description, definition, exposition,
illumination, illustration, answer,
resolution. ANTONYM: (n) problem
embarrassed: (adj) awkward,
abashed, uncomfortable,
disconcerted, bashful, sheepish, shy,
shamefaced, mortified, discomfited,
chagrined. ANTONYMS: (adj)
Sense and Sensibility
relaxed, unabashed, natural,
talkative
embarrassment: (n) abashment,
difficulty, quandary, discomfiture,
humiliation, bewilderment,
mortification, uneasiness, shame; (n,
v) distress; (adj, n) dilemma.
ANTONYMS: (n) confidence, honor,
pride, shortage
embellishment: (n) decoration,
adornment, ornament, flourish,
ornamentation, enhancement,
enrichment, beautification,
embroidery, garnish, hyperbole.
ANTONYM: (n) understatement
embellishments: (n) trimmings,
arrangements, added extras, fixing,
trappings
embitter: (v) acerbate, aggravate,
anger, deteriorate, exasperate,
exacerbate, sour, envenom, inflame,
enrage, embittering. ANTONYMS:
(v) comfort, pacify, enhance
embraced: (adj) popular
emergence: (n) appearance,
beginning, development, emersion,
birth, advent, rise, issue, emission,
origin, dissilience. ANTONYM: (n)
end
emigrant: (adj, n) immigrant; (n)
immigration, expatriate, emigree,
migrant, emigre, refugee, migrator;
(adj) foreigner, alien, novus homo.
ANTONYMS: (n) settler, aborigine
eminence: (n) distinction, elevation,
altitude, celebrity, superiority, rank,
excellence, fame, glory, prominence,
status. ANTONYMS: (n)
insignificance, cavity, depression,
unimportance, dip, commonness,
inferiority
emotion: (n) love, feeling, passion,
heart, commotion, mood, pathos,
excitement, sensibility; (n, v)
sensation; (v) impression.
ANTONYMS: (n) detachment,
coldness, unfeelingness, calmness
employ: (v) use, apply, exploit,
consume, wield, hire, engage,
exercise, work, busy, utilize.
ANTONYMS: (v) fire, dismiss, can,
ignore, misuse, sack, underuse; (n)
unemployment
emptiness: (n) blankness, blank, void,
vanity, vacuity, worthlessness,
futility, space, inanity, inanition,
hollowness. ANTONYMS: (n)
richness, fullness, value, importance,
clutter
enamoured: (adj) enamored, smitten,
infatuated, mad, captivated,
bewitched, charmed
enclosure: (n) appendage, annex,
cage, appendix, addendum, barrier,
enclosing, pen, yard, hedge,
addition
encouragement: (n) aid, support,
promotion, backing, incentive,
cheer, consolation, boost, advocacy,
fosterage, assistance. ANTONYMS:
(n) neglect, deflation, disheartening,
disincentive, dissuasion, opposition,
deterrent
encouraging: (adj) cheering, bright,
promising, auspicious, comforting,
rosy, reassuring, favourable,
hortatory, hopeful, heartening.
ANTONYMS: (adj) upsetting,
warning, disappointing,
discouraging, negative, disturbing,
hopeless, unhelpful, depressing
encumbered: (adj) burdened,
burdensome, weighed down, heavy,
deep, clayey, cloggy. ANTONYM:
(adj) unencumbered
endear: (adj, v) attract; (adj) attach,
turn the head, seduce, fascinate,
enrapture; (v) enamor, dear,
captivate, indear, bewitch
endeavoring: (n) effort; (adj) aspiring
endeavors: (n) activities, deeds,
events, Comings and Goings,
undertakings, accomplishments,
happenings
endeavour: (n) attempt, effort, pains,
trial, try, enterprise, striving,
contribution, braving; (v) exert,
strive
ended: (adj) concluded, finished,
over, done, completed, closed,
through, terminated, consummate,
all over; (adj, v) past
ending: (n) conclusion, end, closure,
close, completion, finish,
termination, dissolution, death; (adj,
n) closing, last. ANTONYMS: (n)
beginning, middle, commencement,
inauguration, kickoff, prelude,
establishment; (adj) first
endless: (adj) constant, perpetual,
interminable, continuous, ceaseless,
eternal, uninterrupted, everlasting,
incessant, vast, unrelenting.
ANTONYMS: (adj) temporary,
restricted, limited, intermittent,
ending, finishing, sporadic, mortal,
inconstant, few, slight
endowed: (adj) gifted, clever, cute,
felicitous, competent, blessed,
artistic, brilliant, ingenious, talented,
qualitied
endurance: (adj, n) sufferance; (n)
stamina, tolerance, courage,
permanence, continuance, energy,

fortitude, tenacity, duration,
toughness. ANTONYMS: (n)
weakness, inconsistency,
impatience, frailty, discontinuation,
discontinuance, death
endure: (adj, n, v) continue, support;
(n, v) bear, suffer, stand, be; (v)
accept, undergo, allow, stay,
tolerate. ANTONYMS: (v) perish,
die, break, fall, discontinue,
crumble, end, enjoy, resign, quit,
collapse
enfeebled: (adj) infirm, enervated,
feeble, decrepit, crippled, old,
adynamic; (adj, v) sickly, vacillating;
(v) weak, accessible
enforced: (adj) required, obligatory,
compulsory, applied, compelled,
binding, essential, requisite,
necessary, mandatory, legal.
ANTONYMS: (adj) optional,
unenforced, voluntary
enforcement: (n) execution,
constraint, compulsion, duress,
carrying out, performance, force,
coaction, press, effect,
administration
enforcing: (v) enforce
enfranchisement: (n) freedom,
certification, accreditation,
emancipation, deliverance, lib,
liberty, release, liberation,
manumission, credentials.
ANTONYM: (n) disenfranchisement
engage: (v) contract, book, employ,
retain, absorb, charter, draw, rent;
(n, v) attract, enlist, betroth.
ANTONYMS: (v) disengage, release,
evade, bore, can, discharge,
disconnect, dismiss, eject, terminate,
escape
engaged: (adj) occupied, betrothed,
employed, affianced, engrossed,
reserved, absorbed, working,
pledged, involved, committed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) free, unengaged,
unemployed, uncommitted,
unattached, single, detached, idle
engagement: (n, v) combat, battle,
action, fight, contest; (n) conflict,
commitment, appointment, contract,
duty, date. ANTONYM: (n)
disengagement
engagements: (n) arrangements,
actions, activities, schedule, travels,
movements
engaging: (adj, v) charming, inviting,
prepossessing; (adj) attractive,
interesting, lovable, delightful,
appealing, pleasant, captivating;
(adv) engagingly. ANTONYMS:
(adj) repulsive, loathsome, repellant,
Jane Austen
unattractive, undesirable, unlikable,
dull, unpleasant, repellent
engross: (v) absorb, engage,
consume, occupy, copy, captivate,
fascinate, involve, swallow, engulf;
(adj, v) immerse. ANTONYMS: (v)
reject, ignore, distract, bore
engrossed: (adj) rapt, engaged, intent,
occupied, preoccupied, busy,
fascinated, obsessed, thoughtful,
hooked; (adj, v) immersed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disinterested,
bored, distracted, indifferent,
unconcerned, uninterested,
inattentive, carefree
enjoying: (n) relish, enjoyment; (adj)
comfortable, fruitive
enjoyment: (n) delight, appreciation,
gratification, comfort, relish,
satisfaction, happiness, delectation,
gusto, amusement, diversion.
ANTONYMS: (n) dislike,
abhorrence, antipathy, apathy,
aversion, discomfort, displeasure,
dissatisfaction, misery, repulsion,
sorrow
enlarge: (v) expand, aggrandize,
augment, dilate, distend, widen,
increase, elaborate, extend, blow up,
grow. ANTONYMS: (v) reduce,
shrink, contract, decrease, compress,
condense, diminish, lessen,
minimize, narrow, abridge
enlargement: (n) magnification,
amplification, expansion, increase,
dilation, addition, development,
distension, distention, growth,
extension. ANTONYMS: (n)
contraction, decrease, lessening,
shrinkage, deterioration, drop,
erosion
enlightened: (adj) liberal,
disillusioned, progressive, cultured,
aware, informed, learned, lettered;
(adj, v) wise; (n, v) savant; (v)
shrewd. ANTONYMS: (adj)
puzzled, unenlightened,
uninformed, confounded, confused,
ignorant, perplexed, wild,
reactionary, traditional; (n)
uninitiate
ennui: (n) fatigue, tedium, weariness,
melancholy, monotony, tediousness,
dissatisfaction, listlessness, apathy;
(v) bore, pall. ANTONYMS: (n)
variation, liveliness, enthusiasm,
energy, interest
enormously: (adv) hugely,
prodigiously, mightily, vastly,
immensely, greatly, extremely,
massively, infinitely; (adj, adv)
monstrously, excessively.
407
ANTONYMS: (adv) mildly,
somewhat, hardly
enquire: (v) ask, consult, query,
question, inquiring, enquiringly,
investigate, inquire, enquiring,
inquiringly, intercommunicate
enquiries: (n) enquiry, inquiries
enquiring: (v) inquire, enquire; (adv)
enquiringly
enquiry: (n) probe, investigation,
inquiry, question, research, query,
quest, exploration, survey, inquiries,
poll
enraged: (adj) angered, furious,
infuriated, irate, mad, livid,
incensed, exasperated, raging,
irritated, boiling
enrich: (v) decorate, adorn, fertilize,
beautify, ornament, develop, fatten,
endow, better, cultivate; (n)
enrichment. ANTONYMS: (v)
impoverish, cheapen, degenerate,
reduce, deplete, deteriorate
ensured: (adj) certain, constitutional
entanglement: (n) snarl, complexity,
embarrassment, implication, mesh,
knot, tangle, web, perplexity, hitch;
(adj, n) involution. ANTONYMS: (n)
simplification, extrication
entering: (n) entry, entrance,
admission, enrollment, penetration,
ingress, registration, encroachment,
entree; (adj, n) incoming; (v) go in
entertain: (v) amuse, delight, bear,
cherish, beguile, admit,
accommodate, harbor, hold, distract;
(n, v) interest. ANTONYMS: (v)
disregard, ignore, banish, forget,
tire, displease
entertained: (adj) diverted, pleased
entertainment: (n) distraction,
diversion, enjoyment, show,
pleasure, recreation, fun, reception,
pastime; (adj, n) party; (n, v)
regalement. ANTONYMS: (n) job,
boredom, discomfort
enthusiasm: (adj, n) devotion; (n, v)
ardor, zeal; (adj, n, v) passion; (n)
ardour, animation, craze, ebullience,
gusto, inspiration, interest.
ANTONYMS: (n) indifference,
lethargy, passivity, unwillingness,
boredom, unconcern, detachment,
gloom, gloominess, patience,
reluctance
enthusiastic: (adj, n) hearty, cordial,
passionate, buoyant; (adj) eager,
active, anxious, excited, avid, fiery,
devoted. ANTONYMS: (adj)
apathetic, indifferent, lukewarm,
lethargic, halfhearted, disinterested,
unexcited, passive, disheartened,
 408
reluctant, weak
entrance: (v) enchant, charm,
captivate, bewitch, enrapture; (n)
access, entry, admittance, threshold,
arrival, door. ANTONYMS: (n)
departure, exit, egress, egression,
exiting, exclusion, retirement; (v)
bore, repel, repulse
entreat: (v) beg, beseech, ask,
implore, pray, adjure, appeal,
request, conjure, crave, bid.
ANTONYMS: (v) demand, reject
entreaty: (n) plea, prayer, request,
petition, adjuration, supplication,
suit, demand, desire, invocation; (v)
solicitation
enumeration: (n) count, counting,
computation, list, calculation,
catalogue, recital, account, tally,
reckoning, listing
envy: (v) begrudge, want; (n)
enviousness, desire, heartburning,
resentment, envies, heartburn,
jealousy, hatred; (adj) jealous.
ANTONYM: (n) generosity
epicurism: (adj) nicety,
hypercriticism, Friandise, difficulty
in being pleased; (n) luxury,
gastronomy, effeminacy, dainty,
delicacy
equality: (n) balance, parity, identity,
tie, likeness, sameness, par,
evenness, equal, analogy,
correspondence. ANTONYMS: (n)
inequality, disparity, difference,
unfairness, imbalance,
inconsistency, injustice, dissimilarity
equals: (n) classmates, colleagues,
contemporaries, generation, age
group
errand: (n) chore, mission, job, task,
assignment, embassy, duty, charge,
messenger, communication, work
escaped: (adj) at large, at liberty,
loose, on the loose, runaway, easy,
wild; (n) freer; (v) escaping
establishing: (adj) established; (v)
create
esteem: (n) deference, admiration; (n,
v) respect, value, consideration,
account; (v) appreciate, deem, adore,
admire, count. ANTONYMS: (v)
scorn, hate, disdain, insult, despise,
abominate, abhor, dislike, reject; (n)
disesteem, disapproval
esteemed: (adj) dear, reputable,
respected, honorable, noble,
honored, prestigious, important,
distinguished, August, respect.
ANTONYM: (adj) disreputable
estimable: (adj) creditable, reputable,
valuable, admirable, respectable,
Sense and Sensibility
computable, honorable, good; (adj,
n) worthy, meritorious, deserving.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dishonorable,
disliked, disregarded, disreputable,
disrespected, scorned, contemptible,
lamentable, unimpressive
estimate: (v) compute, consider,
weigh, assess; (n, v) guess, esteem,
calculation, gauge, forecast; (n)
appraisal, assessment. ANTONYMS:
(v) measure, compute
estimating: (n) estimation
estimation: (n) deference,
assessment, calculation,
approximation, appraisal, attention;
(n, v) esteem, consideration, regard,
reputation, credit. ANTONYMS: (n)
calculation, disbelief, doubt
estranged: (adj) disaffected,
separated, confused, bitter, anomic,
neurotic, lonely, homeless,
friendless, foreign, factious
eternal: (adj) constant, perpetual,
ceaseless, everlasting, lasting,
continual, aeonian, immortal,
boundless, deathless, enduring.
ANTONYMS: (adj) mortal, finite,
brief, ephemeral, fleeting,
terminable, ending, fragile,
inconstant
etiquette: (n) decorum, rite, civility,
protocol, label, form, convention,
decency, formality, tag, custom
everlasting: (adj) eternal, ceaseless,
endless, constant, continual,
perpetual, immortal, deathless,
ageless, aeonian; (adj, n) lasting.
ANTONYMS: (adj) finite,
ephemeral, fleeting, mortal, ending,
terminating, inconstant, fragile,
perishable
evident: (adj) obvious, distinct,
discernible, clear, manifest,
conspicuous, patent, plain,
noticeable, open, certain.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unnoticed,
obscure, concealed, hidden,
inconspicuous, uncertain, unknown,
imperceptible, disputable,
ambiguous, undetectable
evidently: (adv) clearly, patently,
plainly, obviously, manifestly,
openly, certainly, overtly, markedly,
conspicuously, palpably.
ANTONYMS: (adv) doubtfully,
imperceptibly, obscurely,
questionably, actually, ambiguously,
inconspicuously
evil: (adj) bad, criminal, corrupt,
wicked, destructive, depraved; (adj,
n) ill, detriment; (n) adversity,
disaster, depravity. ANTONYMS:
(n) goodness, righteousness,
morality; (adj) kindhearted,
righteous, benign, moral, pure,
upright, virtuous, sinless
evils: (n) mala
evince: (v) show, display, evidence,
argue, indicate, manifest, mark,
express, prove, establish, exhibit
exact: (adj, n) correct; (v) demand,
claim, command, ask; (n, v) require;
(adj, v) close, direct; (adj) precise,
detailed, faithful. ANTONYMS:
(adj) wrong, vague, imprecise,
approximate, inexact, rough,
careless, thoughtless, indeterminate;
(v) tender, give
exactness: (n) correctness, accuracy,
exactitude, truth, rigor, trueness,
accurateness, fidelity, punctuality,
veracity, strictness. ANTONYMS:
(n) inexactness, fuzziness,
inaccuracy, negligence, inexactitude,
incorrectness
examined: (adj) qualified, studied,
considered
examining: (v) examine, investigate;
(adj) investigative, curious,
disquisitive, exploratory, inquiring
exceed: (v) beat, pass, surpass,
transcend, outdo, surmount, cap,
outshine, overrun, top, outweigh.
ANTONYMS: (v) follow, fail, trail,
make
exceeding: (prep) beyond, more than,
greater than; (adj) excessive,
transcendent, extraordinary,
exceptional, prodigious, surpassing,
Olympian; (v) exceed
exceedingly: (adj, adv) very, highly;
(adv) too, exceptionally, overly,
surpassingly, extraordinarily,
greatly, awfully, terrifically,
eminently. ANTONYMS: (adv)
slightly, hardly, insufficiently,
somewhat
excellence: (adj, n) worth, eminence,
desert; (n) distinction, advantage,
goodness, superiority, virtue,
greatness, predominance; (adj)
mastery. ANTONYMS: (n)
mediocrity, failing, fault, flaw,
unevenness, imperfection, disgrace,
commonness
excepting: (conj, prep) but, bar; (n,
prep) except for, exclusive of; (prep)
aside from, besides, apart from,
barring, excluding, with the
exception of; (v) saving.
ANTONYM: (prep) including
excess: (n) extravagance, dissipation,
plethora, abundance, exaggeration,
overindulgence, surfeit,

overabundance, overplus; (adj)
extra, unnecessary. ANTONYMS:
(n) lack, restraint, moderation,
shortfall, dearth, temperance, deficit,
insufficiency, justice, scarcity,
abstinence
excessive: (adj) exaggerated, intense,
superfluous, undue, exorbitant,
unreasonable, immoderate,
enormous, profuse, extravagant,
extreme. ANTONYMS: (adj)
moderate, affordable, deficient,
underdone, insignificant,
insufficient, thrifty, skimpy, meager,
basic, small
excessively: (adj, adv) immoderately,
exorbitantly, inordinately; (adv)
extremely, enormously, exceedingly,
very, profusely, overly,
exaggeratedly, intemperately.
ANTONYMS: (adv) justifiably,
moderately, insufficiently
exchanged: (adj) counterchanged,
bartered, substituted
excite: (v) arouse, enliven, disturb,
agitate, awaken, incite, inspire,
rouse, electrify; (n, v) energize; (adj,
v) quicken. ANTONYMS: (v) calm,
pacify, bore, soothe, stifle,
tranquilize, placate, quiet, dampen
excited: (adj, v) animated, ardent;
(adj) ablaze, enthusiastic, emotional,
frantic, warm, heated, delirious,
fervent, passionate. ANTONYMS:
(adj) cool, unexcited, bored,
tranquil, easygoing, disappointed,
despairing, comatose, apathetic,
sedate, composed
exclaim: (v) call out, call, shout, cry
out, ejaculate, clamor, outcry,
scream, shout out, speak, vociferate
exclaiming: (n) deuce, Dickens,
ejaculation, exclaim, devil,
interjection, ecphonesis
exclamation: (n) clamor, ejaculation,
exclaiming, utterance, whoop,
interjection, shout, expletive, deuce,
Dickens, ecphonesis
exclusively: (adv) entirely, alone,
specially, completely, individually,
selectly, particularly, totally,
especially, wholly; (adj, adv) only.
ANTONYMS: (adv) openly, partly,
partially
excursion: (n) expedition, jaunt,
outing, digression, drive, tour,
airing, voyage, deviation, stroll; (n,
v) journey
excursive: (adj) digressive, rambling,
devious, wandering, tangential,
roving, indirect, dianoetic, complex
excuse: (n, v) pardon, palliate; (v)
Jane Austen
absolve, exculpate, condone, acquit,
justify, forgive; (n) alibi, pretext,
evasion. ANTONYMS: (v) blame,
accuse, chide, discipline, include,
reprimand, castigate; (n) accusation
excused: (adj) privileged, immune
execution: (n) accomplishment,
achievement, enforcement,
implementation, effect, action,
carrying out, executing, discharge,
death penalty, capital punishment.
ANTONYM: (n) omission
exercised: (adj) applied, distressed,
proficient, veteran
exercising: (n) calisthenics, aerobics,
bodybuilding, conditioner,
callisthenics, employment, drill,
practice, anaerobic exercise,
example, delay
exert: (v) wield, employ, act, use,
apply, strain, operate, have recourse
to, profit by; (n) excite, energize
exertion: (n) application, exercise,
endeavor, attempt, struggle, trouble,
diligence, strain, labor, pull, essay.
ANTONYMS: (n) idleness,
inactivity, inertia, relaxation,
laziness, ease
exhausted: (adj) fatigued, tired,
spent, dry, empty, depleted, jaded,
enervated, faint; (adj, v) gone, weak.
ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, refreshed,
strong, restored, vigorous,
unexhausted, replenished,
remaining, energized, invigorated,
restocked
exhilarated: (adj) joyful, glad, excited,
delighted, exuberant, exhilarating,
happy, pleased, jaunty, intoxicated,
hilarious
exhilaration: (n) excitement,
cheerfulness, delight, happiness,
animation, glee, joyfulness,
joyousness, rapture, joy; (adj, n)
hilarity. ANTONYMS: (n) boredom,
despair, sadness
exigence: (n) urgency, occasion,
alteration, turn, convenience, cast,
bend, appropriate time, due chance
exorbitant: (adj) unreasonable,
immoderate, steep, unconscionable,
inordinate, extravagant, outrageous,
enormous, extortionate, extreme,
high. ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable,
inexpensive, moderate, modest,
sensible, fair
expand: (adj, v) enlarge, dilate; (v)
distend, balloon, broaden, develop,
blow up, extend, aggrandize, inflate,
augment. ANTONYMS: (v) contract,
shorten, abbreviate, summarize,
reduce, shrink, deflate, decrease,
409
narrow, squeeze, diminish
expatiate: (v) expand, dilate, enlarge,
amplify, expound, elaborate,
distend, exemplify, exposit; (adj, v)
inflate; (adj) descant
expectation: (n) expectancy, belief,
hope, possibility, outlook, trust,
confidence, arithmetic mean,
thought, suspense; (n, v) prospect.
ANTONYMS: (n) despair,
hopelessness, discouragement,
distrust
expecting: (adj) pregnant, confident,
with child, heavy, hopeful; (n)
family way
expediency: (n) utility, convenience,
advantage, fitness, advisability,
pertinence, expedient, benefit,
effectiveness, value, pertinency.
ANTONYMS: (n) impracticality,
inconvenience, inexpedience,
unsuitability, uselessness
expedient: (adj) fit, advisable,
becoming, desirable, adequate, apt,
convenient, suitable; (n) contrivance,
resource, artifice. ANTONYMS:
(adj) inappropriate, inexpedient,
impractical, futile, detrimental,
inconvenient, foolish
expeditiously: (adv) swiftly, rapidly,
fleetly, quickly, efficiently, hastily,
agilely, speedily, fast, expeditely,
fastly
expel: (v) evict, banish, exclude, exile,
eliminate, discharge, deport, excrete,
dispossess, dislodge; (adj, v)
dismiss. ANTONYMS: (v) welcome,
retain, invite, appoint, admit, allow,
block
expense: (n) disbursement,
expenditure, price, outlay, amount,
toll, fee, payment, costs; (n, v)
charge, detriment. ANTONYM: (n)
income
expenses: (n) expenditure, expense,
charge, costs, fee, spending,
disbursement, overheads, payment,
outlay, upkeep
expensiveness: (n) dearness,
sumptuosity, sumptuousness, cost,
luxury, lavishness
explanatory: (adj) expository,
explicative, declarative, justifying,
declaratory, demonstrative,
exegetical, illustrative, exponent,
expositive, extenuating.
ANTONYMS: (adj) baffling,
bewildering, confusing, perplexing,
puzzling
expose: (v) endanger, exhibit, betray,
detect, display, air, uncover,
debunk, denude, unfold, divulge.
 410
ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, cover,
enclose, suppress, shield, shelter,
insulate, hide, guard, drape
exposed: (adj) open, defenseless,
uncovered, unprotected, nude,
subject, obvious, naked, bald; (adj,
v) vulnerable, liable. ANTONYMS:
(adj) covered, hidden, safe, guarded,
armed, secluded, sheltered,
sheathed, enclosed, safeguarded,
protected
expressing: (adj) significant; (n)
speech
expressions: (n) vocabulary, terms,
language
expressive: (adj) significant,
meaningful, descriptive, mobile,
revelatory, indicative, articulate,
graphic, emphatic, suggestive, vivid.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unemotional,
undemonstrative, nondescript, cold,
expressionless, empty, emotionless,
inarticulate, innocent, impassive,
reserved
expressively: (adv) meaningfully,
eloquently, indicatively, poignantly,
movingly, vividly, suggestively,
emphatically, evocatively, mobilely,
tellingly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
unemotionally, inexpressively,
innocently, blandly
expressly: (adv) specially,
particularly, distinctly, specifically,
explicitly, especially, utterly, clearly,
precisely, telly, exactly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) ambiguously,
conditionally, implicitly, indirectly,
vaguely
exquisite: (adj) beautiful, delicate,
excellent, dainty, gorgeous,
admirable, acute, heavenly, choice,
wonderful; (adj, v) delightful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, inferior,
ugly, subdued, rough, poor, coarse,
mild, imperfect, horrible, flawed
extending: (adj) expanding
exterior: (adj, n) outside, surface,
outward; (n) appearance, skin, front;
(adj) external, superficial, outlying,
outer, outdoor. ANTONYMS: (adj,
n) interior, inside; (adj) inner,
internal, intrinsic, middle, deep
extinction: (n) destruction,
extermination, end, expiration,
obliteration, expiry, dissolution,
devastation, demise, effacement; (n,
v) cessation. ANTONYMS: (n)
preservation, protection
extinguished: (adj) extinct, out, dead,
quenched, allayed, destroyed; (n)
defunctness, complete annihilation,
experimental extinction,
Sense and Sensibility
extermination, extinction
extort: (v) exact, soak, compel, take,
wring, force, extract, pry; (adj)
bleed, fleece, overcharge
extorting: (adj) grasping
extraordinary: (adj) odd, exceptional,
curious, rare, special, phenomenal,
amazing, astonishing, unusual,
strange, abnormal. ANTONYMS:
(adj) ordinary, normal, everyday,
usual, common, mundane, regular,
undistinguished, unremarkable,
insignificant, natural
extravagance: (n) dissipation, luxury,
excess, profligacy, lavishness,
squandering, recklessness, waste,
prodigality, magnificence,
immoderateness. ANTONYMS: (n)
economy, frugality, parsimony,
prudence, paucity, moderation,
austerity, necessity, bareness
extravagant: (adj) wasteful,
luxurious, prodigal, exaggerated,
profligate, costly, expensive, lavish,
immoderate, profuse, undue.
ANTONYMS: (adj) restrained,
frugal, parsimonious, plain, stingy,
understated, thrifty, reasonable,
moderate, cautious, tasteful
extremity: (n) end, member,
boundary, bound, close, appendage,
limit, limb, ending, fringe,
conclusion. ANTONYMS: (n) trunk,
average, minimum, head, leniency
exuberance: (adj, n) abundance; (n)
copiousness, ebullience, happiness,
life, affluence, spirit, excess,
overflow, joy; (adj) plenty.
ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, shortage,
scarcity, listlessness, lethargy,
depression, boredom, sadness,
misery
exultation: (n) jubilation, joy, delight,
ecstasy, elation, rejoicing, revelling,
transport, joyousness, bliss, glee.
ANTONYMS: (n) depression,
desolation, misery, sorrow
exultingly: (adv) triumphantly,
jubilantly, rejoicingly, pridefully,
triumphally
failing: (adj, n) deficiency, blemish,
imperfection; (n) fault, shortcoming,
failure, weakness, flaw, inadequacy,
foible; (adj) declining. ANTONYMS:
(adj) thriving, flourishing, well,
strong, growing, healthy; (n)
strength, virtue, specialty,
capability, passing
faint: (adj, n, v) swoon; (adj) dim,
feeble, dizzy, indistinct, vague, soft,
dull; (adj, v) weak; (v) languish, pass
out. ANTONYMS: (adj) distinct,
clear, obvious, loud, considerable,
pungent, invigorated, hearty,
energetic, defined; (v) revive
fainting: (n) swoon, syncope,
deliquium, lipothymy, prostration,
stupor; (adj) lipothymic
faintness: (n) weakness, debility,
indistinctness, languor, fuzziness,
blurriness, fogginess, dullness,
ambiguity, lassitude, infirmity.
ANTONYMS: (n) acuteness,
strength, harshness, clearness,
loudness, clarity
faithful: (adj, n) accurate, correct,
exact, true; (adj) close, unfailing,
dependable, devoted, sound,
devout; (adj, v) constant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unreliable, false,
inaccurate, unfaithful, unrealistic,
faithless, perfidious, backstabbing,
cheating, inexact, loose
faithfully: (adv) exactly, accurately,
sincerely, staunchly, precisely, truly,
authentically, dutifully, literally,
steadfastly, truely. ANTONYMS:
(adv) unfaithfully, approximately,
falsely, insincerely, carelessly,
inaccurately
falls: (n) cataract, waterfall, chute,
angel, torrent, Victoria, twin, force,
body of water, Guaira, Niagara
false: (adj, n) bastard; (adj, adv)
counterfeit, deceitful; (adj) untrue,
dishonest, erroneous, sham,
assumed, artificial, fictitious,
deceptive. ANTONYMS: (adj) real,
genuine, faithful, factual, correct,
natural, truthful, honest, valid, just,
loyal
falsehood: (n) fable, fabrication,
deception, untruth, lie, fib, fiction,
invention, dishonesty; (adj, n)
deceit, falsity. ANTONYMS: (n) fact,
honesty, reality
fame: (n, v) credit, celebrity, report,
reputation, renown, cry; (n)
distinction, bruit, honor, prestige,
buzz. ANTONYMS: (n) infamy,
obscurity, anonymity, ignominy,
dishonor, commonness, oblivion,
criticism
familiarity: (adj, n) acquaintance; (n)
intimacy, closeness, experience,
casualness, conversancy,
knowledge, conversance,
naturalness, nearness, friendship.
ANTONYMS: (n) unfamiliarity,
formality, abnormality, distance,
animosity
familiarized: (adj) adjusted, familiar,
used to, oriented, orientated,
accustomed

familiarly: (adv) intimately, usually,
ordinarily, nearly, frequently,
commonly, regularly, informally,
closely, acquaintedly,
conventionally. ANTONYM: (adv)
distantly
fancied: (adj) unreal, chimerical,
fictional, fanciful, fictitious,
fabricated, preferred, assumed,
illusory, imagined, ideal
fanciful: (adj) mythical, fantastic,
capricious, unreal, arbitrary,
romantic, ideal, chimerical, notional,
visionary; (adj, v) fancy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) prosaic, real,
realistic, plausible, normal
fancy: (n, v) desire, fantasy, caprice,
dream, wish, daydream; (v)
imagine, consider; (adj, v) conceive;
(n) conception, conceit.
ANTONYMS: (n) reality, certainty,
actuality, conviction; (adj)
unadorned, common; (v) hate,
demonstrate, detest, disapprove, test
fancying: (n) daydream, fantasy
fanny: (n) bottom, buttocks, arse,
rump, rear, posterior, bum,
backside, can, fundament,
hindquarters
farewell: (int, n) adieu; (n) bye, leave,
valediction, adios, parting, goodbye,
separation, departure, aloha; (int)
bon voyage. ANTONYMS: (n) hello,
salutation, welcome
farther: (adj, adv, prep) beyond; (adj)
additional, more, distant; (adv)
furthermore, besides, abroad, in
addition, too; (adj, prep) outside;
(pron) another. ANTONYMS: (prep)
within; (adv) nearer, closer
farthest: (adj) ultimate, extreme,
farthermost, utmost, uttermost, last,
furthermost, endmost, greatest,
most distant; (adj, adv) remotest.
ANTONYMS: (adv) closest, nearest
fascinating: (adj, v) captivating,
charming, engaging, interesting;
(adj) engrossing, absorbing,
attractive, delightful, alluring,
bewitching, seductive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) boring, dull,
repellent, unappealing, repulsive
fashionable: (adj) popular, current,
classy, trendy, chic, up to date,
stylish, dressy, modern, swanky,
swell. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unpopular, styleless, dated, out,
outmoded, tacky, inclusive, old,
plain
fashioned: (adj) formed, featured,
fictitious, intentional, bent, wrought
faster: (adv) sooner, fleet, swift,
Jane Austen
quick, express, earlier
fastidious: (adj, n) exacting, critical,
accurate; (adj) delicate, particular,
careful, exigent, dainty,
discriminating, nice, fussy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sloppy,
unfastidious, careless, uncouth,
uncritical, easy, indifferent,
undemanding, slapdash, relaxed,
easygoing
fate: (n, v) doom; (n) chance, luck,
fatality, fortune, kismet, allotment,
portion, lot; (v) destine, designate.
ANTONYMS: (n) will, design,
choice, accident, chance
fates: (adj) book of fate, Parcae, sky;
(n) fortune, the fates
fatigue: (v) exhaust, tire, weary,
harass, enervate, fag, jade, wear; (n)
exhaustion, weariness, tiredness.
ANTONYMS: (n) energy, liveliness,
vitality, vigor, strength; (v) energize,
renew, rejuvenate, restore,
invigorate
fatigued: (adj) tired, weary, beat,
worn, tired out, jaded, spent, worn
out, done in, fagged, run-down.
ANTONYMS: (adj) refreshed, alert,
lively, energized, energetic
fatiguing: (adj) arduous, tiresome,
tedious, hard, laborious, wearisome,
wearing, strenuous, exhausting,
trying, onerous
faultless: (adj) blameless, correct,
immaculate, clean, spotless,
innocent, flawless, unblemished,
absolute, infallible, consummate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) blemished,
imperfect, faulty, shameful, soiled,
blameworthy
faulty: (adj) erroneous, deficient,
defective, false, vicious, bad, broken,
wrong, incorrect, inaccurate,
damaged. ANTONYMS: (adj)
perfect, flawless, sound, adequate,
working, certain, logical, fine
favour: (n) relief, goodness,
assistance, office, favoritism,
benignity; (v) choose, prefer,
privilege, facilitate, approve
favourable: (adj) convenient,
encouraging, good, auspicious,
useful, benevolent, favorable,
profitable, conducive, opportune,
prosperous
favourite: (n) ducky, darling, pet,
deary, dearie, lover, minion, Engle;
(adj) popular, favored, preferred
fearful: (adj, n) afraid; (adj, v)
dreadful, cowardly; (adj) terrible,
apprehensive, awful, timid, anxious,
craven, frightful, eerie.
411
ANTONYMS: (adj) rational, calm,
confident, bold, unimpressed,
charming, fearless, courageous,
reassuring, unafraid, wonderful
fears: (n) worries, uncertainties,
doubts, qualms, misgivings
feather: (n) pen, feathering, pinion,
nib, plumage, quill, kind, spline; (n,
v) plume; (adj, n, v) fringe; (v) fledge
feeble: (adj) delicate, decrepit, ailing,
helpless, powerless, poor, mild, lax,
thin; (adj, v) faint, debilitated.
ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, vigorous,
hearty, tough, effective, powerful,
unrelenting, robust, potent,
persuasive, able
feebleness: (n) weakness, frailty,
decrepitude, faintness, imbecility,
fragility, tenuity, languor, frailness;
(adj, n) infirmity; (adj) feeble.
ANTONYMS: (n) perseverance,
success, effectiveness, competence
feebly: (adv) faintly,
unenthusiastically, dimly,
hopelessly, unproductively,
unpersuasively, unconvincingly,
uncertainly, reluctantly,
powerlessly, insipidly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) robustly,
confidently, domineeringly,
vehemently, stubbornly, strongly,
effectively, convincingly,
competently, admirably,
wholeheartedly
feed: (v) eat, dine, browse,
encourage, board, diet, nourish,
fatten; (n, v) nurture, provender; (n)
aliment. ANTONYMS: (v) thwart,
crave, desire, sap
feeding: (n) alimentation, eating,
nourishment, grazing, dining,
browsing, feed supply, banqueting,
supplying, ingestion, intake
feelingly: (adv) sensitively,
sympathetically, feeling, deeply
feigned: (adj) false, affected,
assumed, dummy, unnatural,
fictitious; (adj, v) sham, counterfeit,
spurious, mock, pretended.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sincere, genuine,
natural, wholehearted, heartfelt, real
felicity: (n) happiness, bliss,
blessedness, beatitude, luck,
felicitousness, joy, fortune, ecstasy,
enjoyment, appropriateness.
ANTONYM: (n) infelicity
fellow: (adj, n) comrade, associate;
(n) boy, equal, brother, peer, chap,
colleague, compeer, buddy; (adj, n,
v) concomitant. ANTONYMS: (n)
female, woman, girl, foe, enemy,
antagonist, competitor
 412
fertile: (adj) productive, fat, fecund,
abundant, fruitful, exuberant,
copious, affluent, bountiful,
generous; (adj, v) creative.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sterile,
unproductive, barren, fruitless, arid,
impotent, withering
fervent: (adj) ardent, eager, earnest,
enthusiastic, intense, cordial,
passionate, hot, emotional, torrid,
strong. ANTONYMS: (adj)
apathetic, unenthusiastic, cool,
weak, unexcited, dispirited,
dispassionate, flippant, impassive,
lukewarm, mild
festival: (n) feast, carnival, fair,
celebration, festivity, holiday, fte,
jubilee, fiesta, party; (n, v) fete
fetch: (v) carry, bring, bring in,
convey, draw, elicit, deliver, catch,
get, attract; (adj, n) feint
fetching: (adj) attractive, engaging,
tempting, winning, fetch, charming,
catching, catchy, taking, fetchingly,
fascinating. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unattractive, repulsive, ugly
fettered: (adj) bound, in fetters, in
bonds, responsible
fever: (n) malaria, delirium, pyrexia,
heat, frenzy, feverishness, febricity,
Bilious typhoid fever, Levant fever,
Hectic infantile fever, Typhoid fever
feverish: (adj) febrile, feverous, fiery,
frenzied, fevered, excited, sick,
fanatical; (adj, v) hot, flushed; (adj,
n) hysterical. ANTONYMS: (adj)
calm, afebrile, collected, composed,
mellow
fickle: (adj, v) erratic, skittish; (adj)
volatile, capricious, mercurial,
mobile, variable, inconsistent,
shifting, giddy, inconstant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) untiring, stable,
unchanging, consistent, constant,
dependable, predictable, placid,
loyal, faithful
filigree: (n) filagree, fillagree,
decoration; (v) reticle, trellis, grille,
plait, gridiron, grating, fretwork,
wattle
filled: (adj) replete, packed, fraught,
teeming, laden, abundant,
congested, charged, stuffed; (adj,
adv) crowded; (n) fuller.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lacking, clear
finest: (adj, n) elite; (adj) top, select,
excellent, most favorable, most
excellent, most advantageous,
exclusive, classic, best possible; (n)
cream
finishing: (n) completion, close,
accomplishment, conclusion, end,
Sense and Sensibility
coating; (adj, n) ending; (adj)
closing, last, final, ultimate.
ANTONYMS: (n) beginning; (adj)
first
firmness: (adj, n) constancy; (n)
determination, resolution,
assurance, consistency, obstinacy,
steadfastness, resolve, confidence,
courage, backbone. ANTONYMS:
(n) softness, instability, vacillation,
unsteadiness, yielding,
irresoluteness, droopiness,
indefiniteness, indecisiveness,
indecision, leniency
fitted: (adj) capable, efficient,
competent, able, finished, qualified,
trained, primed, outfitted, initiated;
(adj, v) convenient
fixing: (n) fixation, fix, adjustment,
repair, mending, altering,
emasculation, castration, furniture,
fastener, fitting
flannel: (n) washcloth, cloth, face
cloth, pants, trousers, flannelette,
white, tweed, gabardine; (v) blanket,
fur
flaring: (adj) flared, flaming, burning,
blazing, tawdry, ablaze, garish,
fiery; (v) glaring; (n) flare; (adv)
flaringly
flatter: (v) fawn, adulate, wheedle,
cajole, soap, kowtow, blandish,
grovel, butter up; (n, v) court; (n)
caress. ANTONYMS: (v) insult,
disparage, criticize, discourage
flattered: (adj) pleased
flattering: (adj) ingratiating,
complimentary, courtly, obsequious,
adulatory, fulsome, bland, candied,
smooth, encouraging; (n) flattery.
ANTONYMS: (adj) assertive,
critical, unflattering, unattractive,
wounding, uncomplimentary,
negative; (adv) partially
flattery: (n, v) cajolery; (n) blarney,
compliment, adulation, taffy,
palaver, praise, gloze, sweet talk,
sycophancy, soft soap.
ANTONYMS: (n) insult, offense
flourish: (n, v) display; (v) thrive,
prosper, boast, wave, brag, wield,
boom, grow; (adj, v) bloom; (adv, v)
shake. ANTONYMS: (v) decline,
struggle, deteriorate, wilt, pine,
fade, flounder, decrease, dwindle
flourishing: (adj) thriving, palmy,
healthy, successful, luxuriant,
booming, verdant, lush, auspicious,
favorable, rich. ANTONYMS: (adj)
arid, declining, fading, poor,
unhealthy
flowing: (adj) fluent, running,
graceful, smooth, fluid, soft, liquid;
(n) current, flux, flow; (adj, v) loose.
ANTONYMS: (adj) secure, ugly,
still, stilted, jerky, harsh, halting
fluctuating: (adj) variable,
unpredictable, unstable, erratic,
inconstant, irresolute, mutable,
unsteady, irregular, fickle; (v)
fluctuate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
constant, fixed
flushed: (adj, n) red, sanguine; (adj)
feverish, glowing, aroused, aflame,
burning, exultant, exulting; (n)
flush, elated. ANTONYM: (adj) cool
flutter: (adj, n, v) bustle, flurry; (n, v)
beat, palpitate, flap, wave, waver,
quiver; (v) flit, flitter; (n) excitement
folded: (adj) plaited, pleated,
doubled, artful, braided, corrugated,
doubled over, fluted
folly: (n) fatuity, foolishness, silliness,
tomfoolery, nonsense, stupidity,
craziness, density, freak; (adj, n)
irrationality, trifling. ANTONYM:
(n) sense
fond: (adj) affectionate, caring,
devoted, tender, loving, amorous,
delicate, adoring, doting, ardent,
attached. ANTONYMS: (adj)
aversion, cold, rough
fondly: (adv) lovingly, tenderly,
warmly, kindly, caringly, adoringly,
devotedly, amorously, dearly,
dotingly, foolishly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) coldly, ill
fondness: (n) affection, attachment,
love, taste, regard, appetite,
tenderness, partiality, endearment,
liking, relish. ANTONYMS: (n)
aversion, indifference, neglect,
antipathy, detachment, hatred
fool: (n) blockhead, dunce, clown,
idiot, ass, booby, buffoon; (v)
deceive, bamboozle; (n, v) joke, gull.
ANTONYM: (n) savant
foolish: (adj) childish, fool, crazy,
dumb, daft, fatuous, stupid, unwise,
preposterous, dopey; (adj, n) silly.
ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, sensible,
shrewd, prudent, visionary,
diplomatic, levelheaded, sane,
rational, mature, judicious
foolishly: (adv) idiotically,
ridiculously, stupidly, indiscreetly,
silly, insanely, injudiciously,
preposterously, absurdly,
senselessly; (adj, adv) madly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) sensibly,
solemnly, shrewdly, prudently,
responsibly, judiciously, carefully,
rationally
footman: (n) attendant, butler,

follower, flunkey, flunky, varlet,
servitor, valet de chambre, boy,
knave; (n, v) lackey
footsteps: (n) road, footprints, way,
trail, path, track, footpath
forbade: (v) prohibit, to prohibit
forbear: (v) refrain, desist, help,
tolerate, abide, eschew, endure,
relinquish; (n) predecessor,
progenitor, forebear
forbearance: (n) patience, clemency,
pardon, abstention, abstinence,
mercy, longanimity, avoidance,
postponement, indulgence, restraint.
ANTONYMS: (n) impatience,
intolerance
forbidden: (adj) banned, taboo,
illegal, prohibited, contraband,
illicit, verboten, proscribed,
outlawed, illegitimate; (adj, adv) off-
limits. ANTONYMS: (adj) allowed,
permitted, permissible, legal, open
forbidding: (adj) grim, ominous,
dismal, dour, austere, abominable,
ugly, hard, repulsive, redoubtable;
(n) banning. ANTONYMS: (adj)
alluring, inviting, pleasant,
hospitable, friendly, favorable,
comforting
forcibly: (adv) forcefully,
emphatically, powerfully, by force,
mightily, under protest, cogently,
hard, strongly, convincingly, clearly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) voluntarily,
weakly, gently
forcing: (adj) pressing, constraining,
penetrating, compulsatory; (n) push
forego: (v) disclaim, antedate,
renounce, antecede, waive,
abandon, resign, forgo, precede,
relinquish, spare
foregoing: (adj) previous, anterior,
antecedent, prior, past, above,
preceding, aforegoing, earlier.
ANTONYM: (adj) following
forenoon: (n) morning, morn, am,
period, daybreak, break of the day,
morning time, first light, dayspring,
a, cockcrow
foresaw: (v) foresee
foresee: (v) expect, forecast,
anticipate, envisage, previse,
foreknow, prophesy, provide,
foresaw, predict, see
foreseeing: (n) foresight, anticipation,
prospicience, prevision, forecast; (v)
foresee; (adj) prevoyant, conscious
beforehand
foreseen: (v) foresee, long expected;
(adj) envisioned, foretold,
contingent, concourse, coming,
casual, adventitious, accidental,
Jane Austen
predictable
foresight: (n) prevision, forecast,
caution, prospicience, calculation,
prescience, prediction, precaution,
vision, foresightedness; (n, v)
expectation. ANTONYM: (n)
hindsight
foretell: (v) forecast, anticipate,
augur, bode, predict, presage,
announce, calculate, portend,
prophesy, forebode
foretold: (adj) foreseen; (v)
annunciate
forfeit: (n) penalty, deprivation, cost;
(v) abandon, forgo, relinquish,
waive; (n, v) sacrifice, pawn; (adj)
confiscate, lost. ANTONYMS: (n)
retention; (v) claim, redeem, receive,
maintain
forfeited: (adj) forfeit, lost,
disfranchised, confiscated,
appropriated, condemned
forgave: (v) to excuse
forgetting: (v) forget; (adj) oblivious;
(n) disregard
forgive: (v) absolve, excuse, acquit,
remit, pardon, justify, to forgive,
exonerate, overlook, clear, to excuse.
ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, punish,
castigate
forgiven: (v) conciliatory, placable
forgiveness: (n) mercy, condonation,
clemency, kindness, pity, remission,
leniency, absolution, grace,
compassion; (n, v) pardon.
ANTONYMS: (n) condemnation,
cruelty, harshness
forlorn: (adj) hopeless, desolate,
despairing, unhappy, miserable,
deserted, disconsolate, downcast,
cheerless, wretched, abject.
ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, hopeful,
fine
formality: (n) ceremony, formalities,
decorum, etiquette, custom,
ceremoniousness, starch, ritual, rite,
observance; (n, v) stiffness.
ANTONYMS: (n) casualness,
possibility, warmth, friendliness
formally: (adv) ceremoniously,
officially, stiffly, solemnly,
regularly, ceremonially, distantly,
primly, precisely, stately,
conventionally. ANTONYMS: (adv)
casually, warmly
formerly: (adv) already, previously,
earlier, lately, originally, anciently,
aforetime, first, erstwhile, at one
time, once. ANTONYMS: (adv)
afterward, lastly, later, now
formidable: (adj) grim, appalling,
awful, difficult, forbidding, heavy,
413
dreadful, fearful, uphill, trying,
tough. ANTONYMS: (adj)
insignificant, easy, comforting,
feeble, cheerful
forming: (n) shaping, form, form
turning, organization, construction,
molding, conformation, synthesis;
(v) create, constitute; (adj)
constituent
forsaking: (n) abandonment,
desertion, apostasy, exposure,
defection, bolt, renunciation,
surrender, leaving, acquiescence,
neglect
forte: (adj, n) faculty, ability,
endowment; (n) strong point,
strength, specialty, strong suit,
metier; (adj) loud, strong; (adv)
loudly. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness,
failing
forth: (adv) away, along, onward,
ahead, before, on, off, on the high
road, on the road, on the way, under
way
fortitude: (n) bravery, endurance,
grit, pluck, backbone,
determination, tenacity, firmness,
strength; (adj, n) guts, spunk.
ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, frailty,
impatience
fortnight: (n) two weeks, period,
amount of time
fortunate: (adj) favorable, lucky,
auspicious, advantageous, favored,
happy, prosperous, fortuitous, well,
successful; (adj, n) blessed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unlucky,
disadvantaged, disastrous,
unfavorable, underprivileged,
inauspicious, unenviable,
unsatisfactory
fortunately: (adv) happily,
prosperously, propitiously,
fortuitously, providentially,
successfully, auspiciously,
opportunely, felicitously, blessedly,
advantageously. ANTONYMS:
(adv) disastrously, unluckily,
inauspiciously, negatively
fortune: (n) estate, fate, fluke,
destiny, luck, accident, means,
assets, riches, abundance, doom.
ANTONYM: (n) design
fortunes: (n) adventures, fortune,
personal narrative, life, journal
forwarding: (n) promotion, dispatch,
consignment, progress,
transportation, forward, despatch,
shipment, mailing, transfer,
shipping
forwards: (adv) ahead, forth,
onwards, onward, before, fore,
 414
forrader, forrad, forrard, on, in
advance. ANTONYMS: (adv) back,
behind
foundations: (n) fundamentals,
foundation, practicalities, brass
tacks, details
founded: (prep) established, institute;
(v) fusil, cast
fourteen: (adj, n) XIV
fowls: (n) poultry
frankness: (n) honesty, truth,
forthrightness, candidness, freedom,
sincerity, candour, plainness,
bluffness, outspokenness,
ingenuousness. ANTONYMS: (n)
cunning, tact, delicacy, deceit,
conformity, reticence, indirectness,
evasiveness
freeze: (v) chill, cool, solidify, block,
harden, set; (n) frost, congelation; (n,
v) arrest, stop; (adj) frozen.
ANTONYMS: (v) thaw, boil,
unblock, warm, dissolve, begin,
soften
frequency: (n) incidence,
commonness, prevalence, constancy,
absolute frequency, audio,
oftenness, number of times,
abundance, oftness, pitch.
ANTONYMS: (n) irregularity,
uniqueness
frequent: (adj, v) customary, usual,
ordinary, incessant; (adj) everyday,
many, familiar, continual, habitual;
(v) patronize, haunt. ANTONYMS:
(adj) infrequent, occasional,
intermittent, spasmodic, unusual,
few; (v) shun, boycott, avoid
fretful: (adj, v) querulous; (adj)
restless, anxious, testy, sullen,
irritable, impatient, uneasy,
petulant, fidgety, crabbed.
ANTONYM: (adj) carefree
fretted: (adj) latticed, haggard,
magged, latticelike, reticulated,
reticular, interlaced. ANTONYM:
(adj) unfretted
friendliness: (n) friendship, geniality,
amiability, affability, amicability,
affection, hospitality, cordiality,
brotherhood, amicableness,
accessibility. ANTONYMS: (n)
cruelty, aloofness, nastiness,
hostility, aggression, resistance,
resentment, frostiness, formality,
contention, belligerence
friendship: (n) association,
familiarity, affection,
companionship, friendliness,
intimacy, company, attachment,
relationship; (n, v) amity, concord.
ANTONYMS: (n) hostility,
Sense and Sensibility
animosity, antagonism, conflict,
formality, rivalry, hatred,
detachment, distance, isolation
fright: (n, v) dismay, alarm, scare,
affright; (n) awe, fear, dread, terror,
horror, consternation, apprehension.
ANTONYMS: (n) calm, fearlessness,
courage, confidence, security
frighten: (v) cow, alarm, daunt,
terrify, appall, scare, affright,
intimidate, terrorize, appal; (n, v)
fright. ANTONYMS: (v) comfort,
reassure, soothe, calm
frightened: (adj) fearful, timid,
startled, terrified, scared, alarmed,
anxious, apprehensive, horrified,
intimidated, restless. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unimpressed, confident, brave,
fearless, reassured
frightful: (adj, v) fearful; (adj)
formidable, awful, fearsome,
appalling, gruesome, horrible,
terrible, dread, frightening, grim.
ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful,
calming, soothing, pleasant, lovely,
fair
frivolous: (adj) empty, foolish, dizzy,
petty, idle, light, flighty,
unimportant, flippant, trivial,
superficial. ANTONYMS: (adj)
important, solemn, worthwhile,
vital, weighty, staid, significant,
sensible, responsible, crucial, heavy
frost: (n, v) freeze, chill; (n) cold,
hoarfrost, icing, hoar, Robert lee
frost, failure; (adj, n) rime; (v) ice;
(adj) frozen. ANTONYMS: (n) hot,
heat, warmth
frugality: (n) thrift, parsimony,
thriftiness, frugalness, carefulness,
abstinence, austerity, prudence,
simplicity, parsimoniousness,
temperance. ANTONYMS: (n)
wastefulness, generosity, indulgence
fruitless: (adj, v) abortive; (adj)
barren, useless, empty, futile,
ineffective, idle, pointless, sterile,
bootless, unproductive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) fertile, useful,
effective, satisfying, fruitful,
worthwhile, profitable, successful,
productive, hopeful, meaningful
fulfil: (v) complete, finish,
accomplish, do, appease, carry out,
execute, carry through, satisfy,
perform, fill
fulfill: (v) achieve, execute, do,
perform, attain, carry out, complete,
effect, fill, satisfy, meet.
ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, break,
disobey, displease
fulfilled: (adj) complete, finished,
done, satisfied, accomplished,
completed, whole, delighted,
concluded, happy, full of pride.
ANTONYMS: (adj) incomplete,
unfulfilled, frustrated, ashamed,
dissatisfied
funeral: (n) entombment, interment,
sepulture, funeral rite, wake, pyre,
observance, funeral sermon, funeral
pile; (adj) sepulchral; (v) bury
furnished: (adj) fitted, arranged,
privileged, instruct, carrying
weapons, equipt, enlightened; (v)
provide, furnish, begone, beset
furnishing: (n) provision, fixture,
fitting, installation, equipment,
trimming, device, interior
decoration, contents; (v) provide,
furnish
fury: (n) anger, exasperation, force,
resentment, delirium, furor, frenzy,
indignation, craze; (adj, n) wrath,
ferocity. ANTONYMS: (n)
composure, calmness, mildness,
calm, pleasure, serenity
fuss: (n, v) flurry, bicker, fidget,
hubbub; (adj, n) stir; (n) flap,
commotion, ado, bother,
disturbance; (v) fret. ANTONYM:
(n) peace
gaiety: (n) fun, cheerfulness,
exhilaration, mirth, glee, merriment,
hilarity, happiness, joy, joviality,
jollity. ANTONYMS: (n)
seriousness, misery, sadness
gaily: (adv, v) happily; (adv) gladly,
jovially, joyfully, cheerfully,
mirthfully, joyously, gleefully,
sunnily, blithely, lively.
ANTONYMS: (adv) sadly,
anxiously, dully, despondently
gained: (adj) extrinsic
gaining: (n) acceptance, acquisition,
attainment, capture; (adj) ahead,
fortunate. ANTONYM: (n) loss
gallantry: (adj, n) prowess, daring,
spirit, fearlessness; (n) heroism,
bravery, valor, courage, chivalry,
courtesy, courageousness.
ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice,
cowardliness, rudeness
galling: (adj, v) irritating; (v)
aggravating, provoking; (adj)
exasperating, bitter, vexatious,
vexing, maddening, infuriating,
bothersome, harassing. ANTONYM:
(adj) pleasing
gallop: (v) speed, dart, dash, race,
spring, tear, hasten, sprint; (adj, v)
fly; (n, v) trot; (n) gait
gape: (v) gawk, yawn, open, glare,
goggle, split, dehisce, ogle, see; (adj,

n) stare; (n, v) look
garret: (n) cockloft, loft, attic, house
top, storey, level, upper story, story,
dome, noggin, classical Greek
gates: (n) bill Gates
gathered: (adj) deepened,
congregated, accumulated, amassed,
assembled, concentrated,
equanimous, congregate, collective
gathering: (n) collection,
accumulation, concourse,
congregation, assemblage, crowd,
compilation, meeting, crew, gather,
throng. ANTONYMS: (n)
dismantling, scattering
gaucherie: (n) awkwardness, gaffe,
clumsiness, gauche, want of tact,
boorishness, solecism, blunder,
rusticity, case, blooper
gaze: (n, v) stare, regard, look,
behold; (v) gape, see, contemplate,
face, pry, view, glance.
ANTONYMS: (v) glance, peek
gazing: (adj) fixed
generations: (n) generation, family
generosity: (n, v) charity, liberality;
(adj, n) bounty, kindness,
beneficence, favor; (n) benevolence,
bounteousness, chivalry, nobility,
munificence. ANTONYMS: (n)
stinginess, greed, meanness, thrift,
thriftiness, avarice, unfriendliness,
bareness, malevolence, miserliness,
nastiness
generous: (adj) ample, abundant,
copious, benevolent, bountiful, kind,
charitable, flush, fair, liberal; (adj, n)
free. ANTONYMS: (adj) meager,
tightfisted, miserly, measly, mean,
small, ungenerous, avaricious,
greedy, petty, pitiful
generously: (adv) profusely,
copiously, bountifully, abundantly,
largely, magnanimously,
munificently, kindly, handsomely,
freely, benevolently. ANTONYMS:
(adv) acquisitively, selfishly,
prudently, grudgingly,
malevolently, parsimoniously,
harshly, scantily, stingily, thinly,
ungenerously
genial: (adj) cheerful, bright, affable,
cordial, amiable, nice, friendly,
convivial, warm, agreeable, suave.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disagreeable,
hostile, mean, discourteous, frosty,
gloomy, reserved, unapproachable,
abominable
genius: (adj, n) capacity, ability,
endowment, faculty, gift, cleverness;
(n) flair, brain, prodigy, bent,
aptitude. ANTONYM: (n) amateur
Jane Austen
genteel: (adj) elegant, polite,
cultured, refined, graceful, courtly,
courteous, fashionable, nice, civil,
ladylike. ANTONYMS: (adj)
uncouth, improper, vulgar
genteelly: (adv) politely, elegantly,
refinedly, polishedly, stylishly,
nicely, urbanely, culturedly,
modestly, gracefully, graciously
gentility: (n) elegance, cultivation,
politeness, decorum, genteelness,
breeding, courtesy, nobility,
aristocracy, propriety; (adj)
urbanity. ANTONYMS: (n)
vulgarity, rudeness
gentle: (adj) easy, friendly, soft, kind,
affable, balmy, mild, feeble,
compassionate; (adj, adv) calm; (adj,
v) tame. ANTONYMS: (adj) harsh,
loud, fierce, caustic, violent, rough,
hardhearted, abrupt, heavy, steep,
sheer
gentlemanlike: (n) genteel, comme il
faut; (adj) urbane, gentle, refined,
courtly, chivalrous
gentlemen: (n) sirs, messieurs
gentleness: (adj, n) kindness,
courtesy, benignity, compassion; (n)
kindliness, lenity, mildness,
sweetness, softness, benevolence,
mercy. ANTONYMS: (n) severity,
harshness, fierceness, cruelty,
ferocity, brusqueness, abruptness,
rage, callousness, sharpness,
roughness
genuinely: (adj, adv) sincerely,
actually; (adv) authentically,
honestly, naturally, truly, truely,
legitimately, truthfully, purely,
faithfully. ANTONYMS: (adv)
insincerely, affectedly,
pretentiously, mildly
gibson: (n) althea Gibson, Mel
Gibson
giddy: (adj, v) flighty; (adj) dizzy,
faint, silly, changeable, vertiginous,
featherbrained, light, fickle,
capricious; (adv) careless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, dull
gift: (adj, n, v) endowment, faculty,
ability, talent; (n) donation, flair,
bestowal; (n, v) award, present,
boon; (adj, n) capacity.
ANTONYMS: (n) penalty, forfeiture,
failing
giggling: (n) laughter
gladly: (adv, v) happily; (adv)
gleefully, contentedly, cheerfully,
fain, joyfully, jovially, cheerily,
delightedly, gladsomely, readily.
ANTONYMS: (adv) reluctantly,
unwillingly, sadly, resentfully,
415
miserably
glance: (n, v) look, peek, flash, peep;
(n) gaze, glimpse, coup d'oeil,
gander; (v) bounce, glint, ricochet.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) study; (n)
examination, perusal; (v) stick, stare
glebe: (n) clod, soil, glebe-land,
deanery, benefice, earth, marl, loam,
mold, subsoil, gravel
glimpse: (n, v) look, peek; (v) blink,
see, notice, spy, spot, espy; (n) coup
d'oeil, view, peep. ANTONYMS: (n)
scrutiny, observation, perusal; (v)
scrutinize, survey, Miss, study
gloom: (n) desolation, dark, darkness,
blackness, depression, dimness,
dusk, dreariness, despair, dejection;
(n, v) cloud. ANTONYMS: (n)
brightness, happiness, cheerfulness,
glee, ecstasy, joy, optimism, cheer
gloominess: (n) desolation, sadness,
depression, dejection, darkness,
melancholy, pessimism, bleakness,
dreariness, sombreness, dimness.
ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness, light,
cheer, happiness
gloomy: (adj) black, desolate,
dejected, cheerless, depressing,
dismal, downcast, disconsolate,
melancholy, funereal, downhearted.
ANTONYMS: (adj) encouraging,
cheery, cheerful, bright, hopeful,
light, promising, uplifting, joyful,
sunny, clear
gloried: (adj) honorable
gloves: (n) gauntlet, mitten, mittens,
gauntlets, scarf, ornament, handbag,
belt, batting glove, boxing glove,
baseball mitt
glow: (n, v) flush, gleam, shine,
glimmer, glare, color, sparkle, beam;
(v) burn, flare, kindle. ANTONYMS:
(n) wanness, darkness, paleness; (v)
pale, struggle
glowing: (adj, n) enthusiastic, cordial,
passionate; (adj) burning, fervent,
blazing, flaming, fiery, dazzling;
(adj, v) warm; (adj, adv) aglow.
ANTONYMS: (adj) pale, wan,
unhappy, unenthusiastic,
derogatory, dispassionate, unwell
goodby: (n) adieu, so long, good-bye,
adios, good-by, farewell, cheerio,
bye, goodbye, arrivederci, auf
Wiedersehen
good-for-nothing: (adj) worthless,
feckless, pointless, asinine,
unworthy; (n) loafer, do-nothing,
rascal, rotter, cur, trash
good-hearted: (adj) benign, good-
natured, kindly, kindhearted
good-natured: (adj) kindly, friendly,
 416
kind, obliging, gracious, kind-
hearted, genial, good, bland, sweet,
good-tempered
goodness: (adj, n) generosity,
kindness, gentleness; (n) good,
excellence, benefit, virtue, worth,
morality; (adj) favor, beneficence.
ANTONYMS: (n) evil, wickedness,
badness, corruptness, bad,
immorality, corruption
goodwill: (n) friendship, friendliness,
amity, grace, kindness, benevolence,
altruism, readiness, favour,
neighborliness, sympathy.
ANTONYMS: (n) hostility, malice,
opposition, malevolence
gossip: (n, v) chatter, rumor, chitchat,
gab, talk, babble, natter, tattle; (n)
chatterbox, conversation, small talk.
ANTONYM: (n) truth
gout: (n) taste, relish, arthritis, go-out;
(v) cephalalgia, earache, otalgia,
odontalgia, neuralgia, lumbago,
sciatica
govern: (n, v) direct, control, reign,
rule; (v) administer, dictate,
dominate, manage, check, bridle,
regulate. ANTONYM: (v) deregulate
governed: (adj) subject; (n) citizenry;
(adv) under
governing: (adj) ruling, leading,
chief, ascendant, predominant,
prevailing, executive; (v) govern; (n)
governance, administration,
government. ANTONYM: (adj)
minor
gown: (n) robe, clothing, cassock,
vestment, wrapper, overclothes,
outerwear, uniform, tunic, clothes;
(v) clothe
grace: (adj, v) adorn; (v) garnish,
deck, embellish, beautify, decorate,
embroider; (adj, n, v) favor; (n)
elegance, beauty; (adj, n) clemency.
ANTONYMS: (n) unseemliness,
awkwardness, disfavor, inelegance,
heaviness, unkindness; (v) deface,
demean
graceful: (adj) beautiful, delicate,
amiable, easy, fine, charming, fair,
airy, becoming, lovely, lithe.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant,
stocky, awkward, vigorous, jerky,
ugly, stilted, heavy, coarse,
strenuous
gracefulness: (n) grace, agility,
neatness, prettiness, refinement,
delicacy, carriage, legerity, lightness,
nimbleness; (adj) readiness.
ANTONYM: (n) inelegance
gracious: (adj) genial, benign, good,
courteous, compassionate, kind,
Sense and Sensibility
accommodating, civil; (adj, n)
benevolent, congenial, gentle.
ANTONYMS: (adj) ungracious,
boorish, discourteous, reserved,
rude, abrupt, critical, unkind,
hardhearted, harsh, poor
graciousness: (n) benignity,
goodness, kindness, gentleness,
good manners, blandness,
benignancy, gallantry, civility,
grace, benevolence. ANTONYMS:
(n) ungraciousness, impoliteness,
malignity, unkindness, cruelty,
incivility
grandeur: (n) dignity, splendor,
magnitude, brilliance, glory, pomp,
elegance, majesty, magnificence,
grandness; (adj, n) solemnity.
ANTONYMS: (n) modesty,
simplicity
granted: (adj, v) assumed; (adj) fixed,
approved, settled, privileged, legal,
decided, acknowledged, arranged;
(v) disposed; (adv) yes
grate: (v) grind, creak, scrape, abrade,
gall, gnash, fret, rub, aggravate,
provoke; (n) lattice
grateful: (adj, n) welcome; (adj)
agreeable, appreciative, beholden,
pleasing, pleasant, acceptable,
indebted, obliged, pleasurable; (v)
appreciate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
ungrateful, unwelcome,
unappreciative
gratefully: (adv) appreciatively,
indebtedly, obligedly, gratifyingly,
delightfully, beholdenly, pleasingly,
pleasantly, welcomely, goodly,
deliciously
gratification: (adj, n) delight; (n, v)
content; (n) enjoyment, pleasure,
satisfaction, fruition, complacency,
joy, luxury, treat, fulfillment.
ANTONYMS: (n) dissatisfaction,
disenchantment, dismay, discontent,
anxiety
gratify: (v) delight, please, appease,
accommodate, satisfy, amuse, suit,
indulge, cater; (n, v) humor; (adj)
contented. ANTONYMS: (v)
dissatisfy, displease, disappoint
gratifying: (adj) agreeable, pleasant,
enjoyable, delightful, pleasurable,
rewarding, welcome, satisfying,
nice; (adj, v) grateful; (v) gratify.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disappointing,
unwelcome, unrewarding,
frustrating, disagreeable,
heartbreaking, annoying, unpleasant
gratitude: (n) appreciation, thanks,
thank, acknowledgement,
acknowledgment, appreciativeness,
feeling, appreciate, grateful,
thanksgiving, kindness.
ANTONYMS: (n) ingratitude,
ungratefulness
grave: (adj) solemn, serious, critical,
earnest, dangerous, sedate, sad,
grand; (adj, v) severe, acute; (v)
engrave. ANTONYMS: (adj)
frivolous, funny, cheerful, carefree,
slight, nonchalant, trivial, stable,
minor, insignificant, favorable
gravel: (adj, v) nonplus, bother; (v)
bedevil, rag, chevy, flummox,
bewilder, puzzle; (adj) grating; (adj,
n) dirt; (n) grit
gravely: (adv) seriously, soberly,
severely, solemnly, badly, staidly,
momentously, heavily, earnestly,
weightily, grievously. ANTONYMS:
(adv) lightheartedly, mildly,
slightly; (adj) soft
gravity: (n) solemnity, earnestness,
gravitation, graveness, gravitational
attraction, weight, seriousness,
significance, severity, sedateness; (n,
v) poise. ANTONYMS: (n)
insignificance, lightheartedness,
triviality, cheerfulness, levity
greatness: (n) excellence, dimension,
dignity, bulk, size, enormousness,
bigness, enormity, grandness,
magnitude, fame. ANTONYMS: (n)
obscurity, austerity, commonness,
mildness, moderation, simplicity
grecian: (adj) Hellenic, Achaian,
classical; (n) cheat
grief: (adj, n, v) affliction; (n) dolor,
anguish, distress, agony, pain,
wound, chagrin, concern; (n, v)
regret; (adj) sore. ANTONYMS: (n)
joy, happiness, comfort, content,
peace
grievance: (n) injustice, wrong,
grudge, affliction, protest, objection,
disaffection, discontentment,
dissatisfaction; (adj) annoyance; (adj,
n) distress. ANTONYMS: (n) justice,
praise
grieve: (n, v) distress, aggrieve,
afflict, sorrow, annoy; (v) trouble,
lament, deplore, bemoan, fret,
bewail. ANTONYMS: (v) rejoice,
celebrate, encourage
grieved: (adj) sore, sad, sorry,
sorrowful, upset, woeful, pained,
affected, brokenhearted
grieving: (adj) sorrowful, bereft,
bereaved, mournful, aggrieved, sad,
teenful, despondent; (v) grief,
affliction; (n) sorrow
grievous: (adj) bitter, dolorous,
dreadful, deplorable, sad, tough,

pitiful, atrocious, regrettable,
sorrowful, sorry. ANTONYM: (adj)
successful
groom: (n) equerry, bridegroom,
stableman, hostler; (v) prepare,
dress, arrange, train, coach, tidy,
curry
gross: (adj) coarse, boorish, big,
crude, fat, common, blunt,
disgusting, bulky; (n) aggregate;
(adj, v) foul. ANTONYMS: (adj)
attractive, small, remaining, refined,
tiny, partial, delicate, cultivated,
chaste, sensitive; (v) lose
grounded: (adj) stranded, confined,
learned, cognizant, familiar, stuck;
(v) shipwrecked, swamped,
nonsuited, wrecked, cast away
grudge: (v) begrudge, covet; (n, v)
spite; (n) malice, anger, umbrage,
resentment, rancor, gall, pique, feud
guard: (n) defense, protection, escort,
bulwark, watchman, custody,
fender; (n, v) care, shield, cover;
(adj, n, v) ward. ANTONYMS: (v)
endanger, expose, neglect, reveal;
(n) attacker
guarded: (adj) wary, careful, chary,
circumspect, cagey, vigilant,
watchful, conditional, discreet,
gingerly, conservative.
ANTONYMS: (adj) frank, careless,
trusting, reckless, open, unwary,
natural
guardian: (n) guard, defender,
champion, curator, warden,
conservator, bodyguard, keeper;
(adj, n) protector; (adj) protective,
custodial. ANTONYMS: (n)
attacker, detractor
guardianship: (n) custody, care,
charge, keeping, safekeeping,
tutelage, conservation, protection,
wardship; (adj, n) ward; (adj) guard
guarding: (n) surveillance,
conservation, precaution, shielding,
marking, civil defense, patrol,
accompaniment, guardianship; (adj)
preserving, defensive
guess: (n, v) surmise, estimate,
forecast; (v) suppose, deem, reckon,
divine, believe, foretell; (n)
assumption, supposition
guessed: (adj) rude, inscrutable
guessing: (adv) guessingly; (n) dead
reckoning, guesswork,
approximation, supposition, gibe,
shot, blastoff, barb, estimation, dig
guest: (n) caller, visitor, customer,
alien, foreigner, client, invite,
foreign, company, guests,
houseguest
Jane Austen
guidance: (n, v) direction,
government, control, management,
administration, charge; (n) advice,
counsel, lead, instruction, regulation
guided: (adj) conducted, directed, led
guilt: (n) sin, criminality, fault,
repentance, remorse, offence, guilty,
error, culpability, complicity,
delinquency. ANTONYM: (n)
blamelessness
habit: (n) clothing, practice, dress,
garb, attire, convention, character,
ritual, addiction, clothes; (n, v) use.
ANTONYM: (n) innovation
habitation: (adj, n) abode; (n)
domicile, residence, house, home,
habitat, lodging, place, occupancy,
inhabitation, inhabitancy.
ANTONYM: (n) vacancy
habits: (n) behavior, decorum,
pratique
habitual: (adj, n) common, frequent,
usual; (adj) chronic, conventional,
confirmed, accustomed, natural,
commonplace, everyday, ordinary.
ANTONYMS: (adj) occasional,
infrequent, mild, irregular,
exceptional, erratic, abnormal,
innovative
hackneyed: (adj) banal, trite,
common, stock, corny, conventional,
stale, threadbare, tired,
platitudinous, unoriginal.
ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, novel,
imaginative, exceptional
halves: (n) semi, share
hamlet: (n) dorp, community, kraal,
settlement, campong, crossroads,
city, place, colony, neighborhood;
(adv, n) town
handkerchief: (n) hankie, kerchief,
bandanna, cravat, hanky, wipe,
bandana, collar, shawl; (n, v)
napkin; (v) sudary
handsome: (adj) fair, beautiful, fine,
generous, charming, comely,
attractive, bountiful, considerable,
bonny, prepossessing. ANTONYMS:
(adj) ugly, unattractive, meager,
ungenerous, measly, plain
handsomely: (adv) liberally, prettily,
magnanimously, bonnily, largely,
lovely, charmingly, finely,
generously, good-lookingly,
smartly. ANTONYM: (adv) poorly
hang: (adj, n, v) suspend; (v) dangle,
depend, drape, float, fall, hover,
append, string up; (n, v) delay; (adj)
hung
hanging: (n) execution, curtain, arras,
wall hanging; (adj) suspended,
pendent, pendant, pendulous, hung,
417
pending; (n, v) suspension
hanover: (n) Hanoverian line, house
of Hanover
happily: (adv) fortunately, joyously,
joyfully, merrily, luckily, gladly,
blissfully, cheerfully, felicitously,
providentially, successfully.
ANTONYMS: (adv) miserably,
unhappily, sadly, unfortunately,
unsuccessfully, reluctantly,
gloomily, discontentedly,
despondently, negatively,
grudgingly
happiness: (n) delight, merriment,
ecstasy, welfare, gladness, luck,
cheerfulness, blessedness, bliss,
felicity, contentment. ANTONYMS:
(n) sadness, despair, grief, misery,
dissatisfaction, seriousness,
dullness, discontent, dejection,
gloominess, displeasure
harbour: (n, v) harbor; (v) conceal,
entertain, cherish, contain, bear,
shield; (n) anchorage, pier,
sanctuary, haven
hardened: (adj) hard, callous,
confirmed, tough, indurated,
tempered, unfeeling, inured,
habitual, enured, veteran.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inexperienced,
smooth, unaccustomed,
untempered, feeling, mild
hardening: (v) harden; (n)
solidification, curing, sclerosis,
callosity, calcification, symptom,
inurement, hardener; (adj)
reprobation, perversion
hard-hearted: (adj) remorseless,
ruthless, unkind, obdurate, pitiless,
heartless, merciless, unaffected,
unconcerned, uninterested, cold-
blooded
hardily: (adv) robustly, vigorously,
stoutly, courageously, hardly,
intrepidly, strongly, powerfully,
ruggedly, sturdily, toughly
hardness: (n) austerity, asperity,
callousness, difficulty, rigor,
consistency, stiffness, cruelty,
arduousness, tightness, insensibility.
ANTONYMS: (n) ease, limpness,
malleability
hardship: (n) adversity, calamity,
affliction, trouble, difficulty,
disaster, deprivation, asperity,
destitution; (n, v) grievance, burden.
ANTONYMS: (n) privilege, ease,
prosperity, wealth, luxury,
advantage, opportunity
hardships: (n) difficulty
harm: (adj, n, v) damage, hurt; (adj,
n) evil, detriment, injury; (n, v)
 418
abuse, wound, blemish,
disadvantage; (n) bruise; (adj, v)
injure. ANTONYMS: (n, v) benefit,
respect, help; (n) reparation, service;
(v) enable, spoil, protect, defend,
repair
harmless: (adj) safe, benign,
inoffensive, hurtless, innocent,
innoxious, intact, simple; (n) silly;
(adj, n) foolish; (v) weaponless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lethal,
damaging, destructive, poisonous,
toxic, serious, offensive, malicious,
hurtful, noxious, unpleasant
harmony: (n) accord, consonance,
agreement, correspondence,
accordance, congruity, consistency,
amity; (n, v) concord, peace; (v)
concert. ANTONYMS: (n) discord,
disagreement, argument, conflict,
bitterness, harshness, incongruity,
uproar, hostility, misery, upheaval
harp: (n) lyre, harmonica, harper,
lute, mouth harp; (v) dwell,
ingeminate, iterate, restate, reiterate,
retell
harris: (n) sir Arthur Travers Harris,
James Thomas Harris, frank Harris,
bomber Harris, Benjamin Harris
harshly: (adv) roughly, severely,
sternly, sharply, cruelly, hoarsely,
strictly, pitilessly, rigorously,
rigidly; (adj, adv) piercingly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) softly,
harmoniously, quietly, gently,
elaborately, leniently, smoothly,
tolerantly, cheerfully, loosely,
pleasantly
haste: (n, v) hurry, dash, dispatch,
rush; (n) celerity, expedition,
rapidity, speed, bustle, hastiness,
quickness. ANTONYMS: (n) delay,
patience, forethought, caution
hastened: (adj) careless
hastening: (n) quickening, speed,
hurrying, speeding up, faster, fast,
stepping up
hastily: (adv) hurriedly, rapidly,
quickly, rashly, promptly, suddenly,
thoughtlessly, impetuously, swiftly,
imprudently, speedily.
ANTONYMS: (adv) carefully,
unhurriedly, industriously, sensibly,
prudently, late, calmly, thoroughly,
patiently, gradually, cautiously
hasty: (adj) fast, abrupt, cursory, fleet,
sudden, rash, impetuous, careless,
speedy, hurried, quick.
ANTONYMS: (adj) deliberate,
considered, leisurely, sensible,
gradual, thorough, cautious, careful,
roundabout, prudent, patient
Sense and Sensibility
hate: (v) abhor, detest, loathe,
abominate; (n) enmity, abhorrence,
detestation, hatred, animosity,
antipathy, aversion. ANTONYMS:
(n, v) like; (v) adore, cherish,
admire; (n) attraction, liking,
delight, adoration
hated: (adj) despised, disliked, not
liked, reviled, scorned, unloved,
unpopular. ANTONYM: (adj)
precious
hateful: (adj) disgusting, execrable,
nasty, abominable, hideous,
despicable, repulsive, distasteful,
foul; (adj, v) odious, obnoxious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, kind,
nice, benign, desirable
hating: (adj) loathful, abhorring,
disgusting, misanthropic, vengeful;
(n) venom
haughty: (adj) supercilious, arrogant,
assuming, contemptuous, proud,
lordly, cavalier, vain, contumelious,
grand; (n) boastful. ANTONYMS:
(adj) modest, meek, subservient,
unassuming, considerate,
deferential
hauteur: (n) arrogance, pride,
disdain, conceit, assumption,
conceitedness, insolence, loftiness,
lordliness, airs, elegance.
ANTONYM: (n) modesty
hazard: (n, v) chance, venture,
endanger, peril, adventure, bet,
wager; (n) danger, fortune,
jeopardy, accident. ANTONYMS:
(n) safety, security; (v) protect
hazarding: (n) exacta, gaming, daily
double; (adj) wagering
hazy: (adj) fuzzy, cloudy, vague,
blurred, foggy, nebulous, misty,
indistinct, blurry, faint, dull.
ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, distinct,
precise, sunny, thick, detailed,
definite, strong
headache: (n) cephalalgia, pain,
encumbrance, bother, migraine,
vexation, pest, head ache, worry; (n,
v) twinge; (v) gripe
headstrong: (adj) intractable, dogged,
obstinate, disobedient, unruly,
willful, wayward, froward, rash,
headlong; (adj, v) ungovernable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) tractable,
compliant, amenable, docile,
malleable, agreeable, cautious
healing: (n) cure, convalescence,
recuperation, therapy, treatment,
recovery; (adj) curative, sanative,
sanatory, remedial, therapeutic.
ANTONYM: (n) deterioration
healthful: (adj) healthy, hale,
salubrious, beneficial, hygienic,
sanitary, wholesome, salutary,
remedial, good, nourishing.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unhealthful,
unsanitary, unhealthy
hearer: (n) audience, listener,
eavesdropper, observer, perceiver,
earwitness, attendant, attendee,
attender, audient, beholder
hears: (v) hear
heartily: (adv) cordially, sincerely,
enthusiastically, warmly, strongly,
earnestly, vigorously, ardently,
soundly, devoutly, eagerly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) feebly,
languorously
heartiness: (n) eagerness, fervor,
geniality, zeal, sincerity,
wholeheartedness, inwardness,
ardor, avidity, craving; (adj, n)
hospitality
hearts: (n) Black Maria, spades
hearty: (adj) heartfelt, healthy, genial,
sturdy, cheering, fervent,
wholehearted, lusty, enthusiastic,
convivial; (adj, n) well.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unhealthy, frail,
old, weak, sluggish, unwholesome,
meager
heath: (n) heathland, ling, moor,
steppe, barren, wild, bush, prairie,
waste, downs, desert
heaven: (n) Eden, firmament, bliss,
Elysium, sky, nirvana, glory, Elysian
Fields, Garden of Eden, utopia; (adj)
celestial. ANTONYM: (n) misery
heighten: (v) amplify, enlarge,
aggravate, raise, deepen, elevate,
boost, grow, expand, compound,
advance. ANTONYMS: (v) alleviate,
damage, decrease, improve, lessen
heightened: (adj) excited, intense,
irritate, keen, resonant, sensitive
heightening: (n) rise, building,
augmentation, elevation, escalation,
exacerbation, growth, worsening,
amplification; (adj) cumulative,
ornamental
heights: (n) place, elevation, high
places, high, heaven
heir: (n) beneficiary, successor,
offspring, inheritor, heiress,
receiver, progeny, heritor,
descendant, scion, issue.
ANTONYMS: (n) ancestor, donor
heirs: (n) family, posterity, issue
helping: (n) portion, share, plateful,
serving, part, quota, drumstick; (adj)
auxiliary, assistant, aiding, assisting
helpless: (adj, v) forlorn, destitute,
abandoned; (adj) powerless, weak,
defenseless, disabled, impotent,

feeble, hopeless, unable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) strong,
independent, capable, invulnerable,
armed, powerful, impervious
helpmate: (n) helpmeet, mate, wife,
partner, better half, help, husband,
spouse, helper; (v) old woman, old
lady
henceforth: (adv) hence, in future,
after this; (adj) following
henceforward: (adv) in future, from
now on, from this time on, from this
moment on, after this
hereafter: (adv) thereafter, from now
on, hence, henceforth, hereinafter,
afterwards; (n) afterlife, futurity,
time to come, great beyond, future
life
hero: (n) character, protector, leader,
demigod, warrior, protagonist,
combatant, fighter, defender,
bomber; (adj, n) worthy.
ANTONYMS: (n) coward, loser,
villain
heroically: (adj, adv) courageously,
daringly; (adv) intrepidly, fearlessly,
gallantly, boldly, grandly, nobly,
resolutely, splendidly, chivalrously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) halfheartedly,
fearfully, execrably
heroism: (n) bravery, courage, valor,
daring, boldness, chivalry, valiancy,
valour, valiance, courageousness;
(adj, n) prowess. ANTONYMS: (n)
cowardliness, fearfulness
hers: (pron) she, his; (adj) own
hesitatingly: (adv) indecisively,
irresolutely, hesitating, waveringly,
doubtfully, undecidedly,
vacillatingly, falteringly.
ANTONYM: (adv) unhesitatingly
hesitation: (n, v) falter, fear; (n)
hesitance, faltering, delay, hesitate,
diffidence, hesitancy, qualm,
reluctance; (v) hesitating.
ANTONYMS: (n) certainty,
resolution, confidence, decisiveness,
enthusiasm, inclination, willingness
hiding: (n) covering, concealment,
concealing, beating, screening,
thrashing, flogging, rout, burial,
drubbing, ambush
high-minded: (adj) great, noble,
generous, lofty, magnanimous,
elevated, exalted, upright,
chivalrous, magnificent, honest
hilarity: (adj, n) mirth, merriment; (n)
delight, exhilaration, cheerfulness,
joy, jollity, gaiety, happiness,
laughter, fun. ANTONYMS: (n)
boredom, despondency, misery
hinder: (v) impede, resist, check,
Jane Austen
hamper, obstruct, curb, handicap,
delay; (n, v) bar; (adj) posterior,
hind. ANTONYMS: (v) help,
facilitate, assist, prompt, encourage,
promote, allow, support, accelerate
hindrance: (n, v) difficulty, obstacle,
block, check, delay; (n) deterrent,
barrier, obstruction, impediment,
inconvenience, disturbance.
ANTONYMS: (n) advantage,
contribution, assistance, success,
boost, incentive, strength
hint: (v) suggest; (adj, n) trace; (n)
suggestion, intimation, inkling, cue,
allusion; (n, v) tip, touch, dash; (adj,
v) intimate. ANTONYM: (n)
overtone
hinted: (adj) veiled, roundabout, not
explicit, implicit, coded, oblique
hither: (adv) here, whither,
hitherward, thither
hitherto: (adv) as yet, yet, so far, up
to now, until now, thus far, before,
hereunto, to date, still, all the same
hoarded: (adj) store, collective
hollow: (adj, n) blank; (n) cavity,
depression, cave, dell; (adj) empty,
false; (adj, n, v) concave; (n, v)
excavate, dent, scoop. ANTONYMS:
(adj) convex, sincere, true, full,
meaningful, cramped, valid; (n)
hump, bump, hill, lump
honest: (adj) fair, genuine, sincere,
good, equitable, artless, heartfelt,
guileless, frank, forthright, faithful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lying,
misleading, guarded, corrupt,
disloyal, unwholesome,
discourteous, disreputable, fictional,
crafty, crooked
honestly: (adj, adv) justly, sincerely,
candidly, fairly, genuinely, really;
(adv) openly, directly, faithfully,
plainly, truthfully. ANTONYMS:
(adv) misleadingly, deceitfully,
unfairly, insincerely, hesitantly,
untruthfully, guardedly,
ambiguously, politely
honesty: (adj, n) candor, justice,
fidelity, equity; (n) integrity,
fairness, candidness, probity,
frankness, rectitude, faith.
ANTONYMS: (n) dishonesty,
wickedness, treachery, deceit,
deception, deviousness, decadence,
affectation, caution, evasiveness,
injustice
honorable: (adj) good, estimable,
exalted, respectable, fair, decent,
reputable, ethical, honor; (adj, v)
great, noble. ANTONYMS: (adj)
shameful, disgraceful, corrupt,
419
degenerate, immoral, humiliating,
dishonest, unethical, decadent, bad,
deceitful
honorably: (adv) nobly, honourably,
justly, fairly, decently,
commendably, with honor,
heroically, creditably, respectably,
worthily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
disgracefully, dishonorably, sinfully,
unfairly
honour: (n) fame, award, dignity,
homage, celebrity, accolade,
reputation; (n, v) honor; (v) respect,
celebrate, dignify. ANTONYMS: (n,
v) dishonor; (v) disrespect
honourable: (adj) estimable,
reverend, venerable, glorious,
honorable, distinguished, above-
board, good, worthy, right, noble
honourably: (adv) uprightly,
worthily, honestly, creditably,
commendably
honoured: (adj) esteemed, respected,
worthy
honours: (n) first, honors, degree,
academic degree
hopeless: (adj) incurable,
despondent, forlorn, disconsolate,
desperate, impossible, useless,
abject, despair, dismal, irreparable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful,
competent, promising, optimistic,
encouraging, helpful, useful,
successful, practical, laudable,
effective
horizon: (n) ambit, reach, purview,
vista, view, perspective, prospect,
skyline, arena, celestial horizon,
amphitheater
horrible: (adj) awful, fearful,
frightful, abominable, grisly,
formidable, dire, ghastly, dreadful,
fearsome; (adj, v) horrid.
ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful,
lovely, nice, lovable, fair, delightful,
slight, appealing, minor, attractive,
great
horrid: (adj) grisly, ghastly, ugly,
gruesome, grim, fearful, dreadful,
direful, dire, horrible, fearsome.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, nice,
appealing, attractive, kind
horridly: (adv) shockingly, direly,
gruesomely, horrifically, direfully,
fearsomely, fearfully, dreadfully,
grimly, ugly, nastily. ANTONYM:
(adv) pleasantly
horror: (n) abomination, abhorrence,
dismay, fear, fright, revulsion,
alarm, repulsion, anxiety; (adj, n)
dread, terror. ANTONYMS: (n)
delight, attraction, proclivity,
 420
bravery, calm, confidence, security
horrors: (adj) pessimism, vapors,
spleen, megrims; (n) delirium
tremens
horseback: (n) hogback, body part
hospitable: (adj) affable, receptive,
gracious, cordial, generous, amiable,
convivial, genial, pleasant, warm, to
enjoy having guests. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unwelcoming, inhospitable,
sinister, hostile
hospitality: (n) entertainment,
generosity, friendliness, cordiality,
welcome, cordial reception,
kindness, amiability, warmth,
solicitously, politely. ANTONYMS:
(n) frostiness, inhospitality
hostess: (n) mistress, air hostess,
flight attendant, housewife, steward,
innkeeper, landlady, prostitute, host
hostile: (adj) aggressive, contrary,
adverse, warlike, belligerent,
unfavorable, averse, opposed,
antagonistic, inimical, irreconcilable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) soothing, warm,
allied, open, amicable, favorable,
sympathetic, gentle, harmonious,
hospitable, lush
housekeeper: (n) factotum, mistress,
shepherd, householder, housewife,
domestic, cleaning woman,
croupier, domestic help, seneschal,
house servant
housekeeping: (n) housewifery,
household, domestic science
housemaid: (n) amah, maid,
handmaiden, handmaid,
maidservant, cleaning woman, girl,
ayah, charwoman, biddy, maiden
humanity: (n) benevolence, mankind,
flesh, human race, human,
humankind; (adj, n) compassion,
charity, kindness, benignity,
gentleness. ANTONYMS: (n)
severity, inhumanity, nastiness,
selfishness
humble: (v) demean, humiliate,
mortify; (n, v) disgrace, debase; (adj,
n, v) abase; (adj) base, lowly,
unassuming, docile, low.
ANTONYMS: (adj) impressive,
arrogant, haughty, imposing,
conceited, pompous, snooty,
overbearing, presumptuous, proud,
exalted
humbled: (adj) humble, humiliated,
crushed, depressed, dispirited,
abased, broken in, abject, ashamed;
(n) humbler; (v) apart
humiliating: (adj) humbling,
embarrassing, mortifying,
demeaning, shameful, disgraceful,
Sense and Sensibility
ignominious, abject, dishonorable;
(v) humiliate; (n) infra dignitatem.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dignified,
honorable, glorious, reassuring,
mild
humility: (n) diffidence, modesty,
submission, shyness, meekness,
lowliness, timidity, trait,
humiliation, resignation; (adj)
veneration. ANTONYMS: (n)
haughtiness, affectation, conceit,
arrogance
humour: (n) fun, wit, witticism, body
fluid, temper, mood, amiability,
drollery, disposition; (adj)
humorous; (v) gratify
hung: (n) hanging; (v) Heng; (adj)
fatigued, puzzled, decorated
hunt: (n, v) search; (v) course, follow,
hound, rummage, forage, prey, dog,
go after, persecute; (n) battue.
ANTONYMS: (v) find, precede
hunted: (adj) coursed, afraid, wanted,
required, sought, sought after; (n)
victim
hurried: (adj) fast, sudden, speedy,
rapid, quick, swift, headlong,
abrupt, cursory, precipitate, prompt.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unhurried,
leisurely, considered, patient,
meticulous, thorough
hurry: (n) haste; (n, v) bustle, hasten,
dispatch, flurry, rush; (v) scurry,
dash, accelerate, expedite, run.
ANTONYMS: (n) slowness,
calmness, patience, unimportance;
(v) dawdle, delay, linger, crawl,
amble; (intj) wait
hurrying: (n) hastening, speed,
quickening, rushing, early,
speeding, speeding up, stepping up,
amphetamine, forward, eager
hush: (adj, n, v) calm, silence, quiet,
still, lull; (n) peace; (v) shut up, gag,
quieten, muffle; (adj, v) soothe.
ANTONYMS: (n) noise, turmoil; (v)
Louden
hussy: (n) strumpet, trollop,
fornicatress, adulteress, tramp,
female, baggage, Trull, minx, quean,
huswife
hysterical: (adj, n) feverish; (adj)
wild, violent, eccentric, frenzied,
emotional, fitful, febrile, erratic; (n)
fanatical, hysterics. ANTONYMS:
(adj) relaxed, composed, restrained
hysterics: (adj) frenzy, hysterical,
phrensy; (n) panic, mirth, emotional
behavior, dramatics, paroxysm,
rage, tantrum, affected behavior
idle: (adj) lazy, indolent, inactive,
free, unfounded, fruitless, baseless,
groundless, frivolous, empty,
disengaged. ANTONYMS: (adj)
active, employed, industrious,
energetic, meaningful, productive,
worthwhile, diligent; (v) change,
run, work
idleness: (n) lethargy, laziness,
torpor, inactivity, idling,
unemployment, sloth, inaction,
inertia, faineance, idlesse.
ANTONYMS: (n) energy, activity,
bustle, liveliness, responsibility
idolized: (adj) adored, beloved,
loved, precious, worshipped
ignorance: (n) illiteracy, nescience,
folly, unwisdom, innocence,
denseness, ignorancy, stupidity,
obtuseness, tabula rasa,
unawareness. ANTONYMS: (n)
intelligence, acquaintance, education
ignorant: (adj) unconscious,
unwitting, rude, illiterate,
uneducated, blind, dull, unaware,
uninformed, unlearned, innocent.
ANTONYMS: (adj) conscious,
versed, cultured, educated,
informed, wary, literate, aware,
polite
illaudable: (adj) guilty, culpable,
censurable, blameworthy, in fault,
peccable, reprehensible, to blame,
uncommendable, at fault
ill-bred: (adj) boorish, discourteous,
impertinent, graceless, gruff,
uncouth, uncivil, ill-mannered,
crude, inurbane, indelicate
ill-disposed: (adj) unfriendly,
spiteful, inimical, hostile,
disobliging, averse
illiberal: (adj) close, churlish,
covetous, intolerant, insular,
bigoted, avaricious, small, mean,
miserly; (adj, v) sordid. ANTONYM:
(adj) generous
illiterate: (adj) uneducated, rude,
unschooled, unlearned, untaught,
empty, green, letterless,
uninstructed, unread; (n)
analphabetic. ANTONYMS: (adj)
educated, economical
ill-judged: (adj) imprudent, impolitic,
injudicious, incautious
ill-natured: (adj) cantankerous,
peevish, sour, surly, catty, crabbed,
gruff, disagreeable, malignant,
malicious, malevolent
ill-suited: (adj) inappropriate, unfit,
inapt, unsuitable
ill-timed: (adj) untimely,
inopportune, undue, inappropriate,
inept, inadmissible,
disadvantageous

ill-treatment: (n) hurt
illusion: (n, v) delusion; (n) fantasy,
apparition, deception, magic, fancy,
deceit, dissimulation, phantom,
trick, vision. ANTONYMS: (n)
reality, fact
illustration: (n) example, case,
depiction, chart, instance,
exemplification, figure, description,
demonstration, drawing, case in
point
ill-will: (n) enmity
imagery: (n) imagination, imaging,
statue, vision, evocation,
resemblance, portraiture, images,
simile, figure of speech; (adj) image
imaginable: (adj) conceivable,
possible, thinkable, plausible,
earthly, believable, credible, feasible,
immediate, likely, near.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unimaginable,
implausible
imaginary: (adj) fictitious, unreal,
false, mythical, illusory, ideal,
hypothetical, visionary, fictional,
notional, chimerical. ANTONYMS:
(adj) real, palpable, actual, concrete,
prosaic, normal, true
imagination: (n) vision, fancy, image,
dream, conceit, imagery, originality,
invention, resource, reflection,
phantasy
imagined: (adj) fanciful, notional,
unreal, fancied, fictitious,
nonexistent, unseen, hypothetical,
feigned, dubious, doubtful
imagining: (n) conception,
daydream, fantasy, opinion; (v)
imagine; (adj) imaginant
imitate: (n, v) duplicate; (v) forge,
ape, emulate, follow, feign,
counterfeit, mimic, mock, assume,
act
immoderately: (adv) exorbitantly,
inordinately, extravagantly,
intemperately, extremely,
unrestrainedly, unduely, unduly,
exaggeratedly, immensely; (adj,
adv) monstrously. ANTONYMS:
(adv) frugally, reasonably
immovable: (adj, v) firm, fixed; (adj)
adamant, steadfast, motionless,
unyielding, unmovable, set,
imperturbable, inflexible; (v) fast.
ANTONYMS: (adj) loose, moving,
mobile, flexible, movable,
acquiescent, temporary, irresolute
immoveable: (adj) fast, immobile,
stabile, unmovable
impartial: (adj) just, equitable,
disinterested, unprejudiced,
unbiased, dispassionate, even-
Jane Austen
handed, candid, even, evenhanded,
detached. ANTONYMS: (adj)
partial, partisan, prejudiced,
subjective, unfair, unjust
impartiality: (adj, n) justice, honesty;
(n) fairness, disinterestedness,
candor, equality, indifference,
detachment, evenhandedness; (adj)
impartial, fair play. ANTONYMS:
(n) injustice, bias, inequality,
partiality, prejudice, subjectivity
impatience: (n) annoyance,
eagerness, anger, intolerance,
restlessness, fidget, nervousness,
fidgetiness, enthusiasm, edginess;
(adj) nonendurance. ANTONYMS:
(n) calmness, endurance, apathy
impatient: (adj) eager, anxious,
petulant, fidgety, vexed, keen, edgy,
quick, avid, irritable, fretful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) patient,
enduring, unenthusiastic, calm,
happy, relaxed, slow
impatiently: (adv) petulantly,
restlessly, keenly, intolerantly,
hastily, avidly, uneasily,
enthusiastically, edgily, fidgetily,
restively. ANTONYMS: (adv)
uncomplainingly, calmly,
unenthusiastically, lightly
impediment: (n, v) hindrance, check,
difficulty, delay; (n) bar, hitch,
barrier, obstruction, drawback,
encumbrance, block. ANTONYMS:
(n) benefit, boost, incentive, strength
impenetrable: (adj) impassable, thick,
incomprehensible, hard, mysterious,
unfathomable, unintelligible,
impervious, opaque, heavy, obscure.
ANTONYMS: (adj) penetrable,
readable, straightforward, apparent,
simple, sparse, vulnerable,
accessible, transparent,
understandable, open
imperfect: (adj) faulty, deficient,
defective, unfinished, incomplete,
poor, flawed, partial, inadequate,
broken, fallible. ANTONYMS: (adj)
perfect, whole, unblemished,
adequate, complete, sound,
boundless, capable, flawless
imperfection: (adj, n) frailty; (n) fault,
blemish, defect, deficiency, flaw,
weakness, disadvantage, vice, foible,
shortcoming. ANTONYMS: (n)
perfection, strength
imperfectly: (adv) faultily,
defectively, badly, deficiently,
incompletely, partially, poorly,
inadequately, sketchily, incorrectly,
halfway. ANTONYMS: (adv)
perfectly, flawlessly, correctly, well
421
impertinence: (n) audacity, gall,
impudence, insolence, disrespect,
effrontery, brass, boldness,
impertinency, sauciness, freshness.
ANTONYMS: (n) politeness,
seriousness, reticence
impertinent: (adj) fresh, pert, saucy,
forward, audacious, brash, brazen,
extraneous, discourteous,
disrespectful, flippant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful,
polite, courteous
impertinently: (adv) insolently,
saucily, impolitely, cheekily, freshly,
rudely, pertly, disrespectfully,
offensively, discourteously,
brazenly. ANTONYM: (adv) politely
impetuous: (adj) boisterous, hasty,
fiery, headlong, heady, hot, brash,
foolhardy, dashing, fierce; (adj, v)
impulsive. ANTONYMS: (adj)
considered, careful, slow, sensible,
patient
implied: (adj) understood, tacit,
indirect, oblique, silent, inferential,
inherent, ulterior, latent, involved,
contained. ANTONYMS: (adj)
direct, explicit, overt
imply: (n, v) denote, betoken; (v)
connote, hint, allude, intimate,
entail, mean, indicate, convey; (adj,
v) involve
impolitic: (adj) maladroit,
inexpedient, imprudent, unwise,
inadvisable, not politic, ill-advised,
disadvantageous, reckless,
injudicious, indiscreet.
ANTONYMS: (adj) politic, wise,
prudent
importunate: (adj) annoying, exigent,
pressing, insistent, bothersome,
pestiferous, pestilent, instant,
obdurate, demanding, pleading.
ANTONYM: (adj) feeble
importunity: (n, v) entreaty,
supplication; (n) urgency, appeal,
earnestness; (v) solicitation,
obsecration, interpellation, instance,
obtestation, invocation
impose: (v) dictate, prescribe,
enforce, exact, charge, clamp,
deceive, enjoin, burden, set, lay.
ANTONYM: (v) revoke
impossibility: (n) impossibleness,
option, nonexistence, absurdity,
inability, impracticability,
alternative, choice, contradiction,
contradiction in terms,
doubtfulness. ANTONYMS: (n)
possibility, probability
impoverished: (adj) indigent, broke,
needy, poor, penniless, miserable,
 422
impecunious, bankrupt, barren,
broken, strapped. ANTONYMS:
(adj) rich, enriched, solvent
imprint: (n, v) mark, stamp, brand,
print; (n) impression, effect, feeling;
(v) engrave, inscribe, emboss, dent
improperly: (adv) wrongly,
unbecomingly, badly,
inappropriately, indecorously,
indecently, faultily, unseemly,
incongruously, illicitly,
illegitimately. ANTONYMS: (adv)
suitably, morally, fittingly, correctly,
justifiably, perfectly, well, lawfully,
honestly, acceptably, decently
impropriety: (n) barbarism,
obscenity, indecorum, error,
rudeness, indelicacy, incorrectness,
solecism, wrongness; (adj)
immorality, inaptitude.
ANTONYMS: (n) decency,
correctness
improvident: (adj) profligate,
extravagant, imprudent, prodigal,
lavish, heedless, thoughtless,
wasteful, incautious, profuse, rash.
ANTONYMS: (adj) provident,
careful, cautious, economical,
prudent, sensible
improving: (adv) recuperating,
getting better; (adj) edifying,
progressive, civilizing, cosmetic,
evincing progress, helpful,
moralistic, advancing; (v) improve
imprudence: (n) carelessness,
indiscretion, folly, improvidence,
hastiness, flippancy, recklessness,
injudiciousness, rashness, haste;
(adj, n) temerity. ANTONYMS: (n)
discretion, forethought, wariness,
wisdom
imprudent: (adj) foolish, foolhardy,
indiscreet, hasty, improvident,
impolitic, heedless, unadvised,
injudicious, unwary, unwise.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible,
prudent, cautious, wise, deliberate,
discreet, guarded, judicious,
advisable
imprudently: (adv) injudiciously,
unwisely, indiscreetly, carelessly,
recklessly, incautiously,
thoughtlessly, foolishly, hastily,
unthinkingly, inconsiderately.
ANTONYMS: (adv) cautiously,
carefully, discreetly, judiciously,
sensibly, wisely
impudence: (adj, n) boldness, brass;
(n) cheek, gall, audacity,
impertinence, insolence, face,
cheekiness, effrontery, assurance.
ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice,
Sense and Sensibility
reticence
impudently: (adv) saucily, rudely,
pertly, audaciously, boldly,
insolently, brazenly,
presumptuously, daringly, cheekily,
freshly
impulse: (n) pulse, urge, impulsion,
force, motive, whim, drive, goad,
motivation, momentum, incentive.
ANTONYMS: (n) aversion,
disincentive, disinclination
inadvertence: (n) disregard,
inadvertency, oversight, inattention,
omission, neglect, mistake,
superintendence, supervision, error;
(adj) nonobservance. ANTONYM:
(n) mindfulness
inarticulate: (adj) unintelligible,
silent, vague, muffled, incoherent,
mute, incomprehensible,
unarticulate, speechless, guttural,
fuzzy. ANTONYMS: (adj) articulate,
eloquent, fluent, distinct, talkative
inattention: (n) neglect, heedlessness,
carelessness, forgetfulness,
negligence, inobservance,
inadvertence, indifference,
oversight, slight, distraction.
ANTONYMS: (n) attention, notice,
caution, concentration
inattentive: (adj) negligent,
neglectful, forgetful, reckless,
careless, unaware, regardless,
inconsiderate, mindless,
inadvertent; (adj, v) remiss.
ANTONYMS: (adj) attentive, alert,
observant, carefree, cautious,
conscientious, considerate, diligent,
prudent
incapable: (adj) impotent,
inadequate, unable, helpless,
powerless, unqualified, inept,
insufficient, inapt, ineffectual, unfit.
ANTONYMS: (adj) able, competent,
strong, powerful, effective
incautiousness: (n) unwariness,
incaution, carelessness,
injudiciousness, lack of caution, lack
of judgment, haste
incessant: (adj) endless, continual,
everlasting, eternal, constant,
continuous, perpetual, unremitting,
interminable, persistent; (adj, v)
frequent. ANTONYMS: (adj)
intermittent, occasional, sporadic,
broken, finite
incessantly: (adv) constantly,
endlessly, continually, perpetually,
continuously, unceasingly, eternally,
persistently, unremittingly,
unendingly, steadily. ANTONYMS:
(adv) sporadically, briefly
inch: (n) in, bit, column inch, morsel;
(v) crawl, creep, ease; (adj) tatter,
mite, seed, shive
incitement: (n) impetus, incentive,
incitation, encouragement,
fomentation, stimulus, stimulation,
provocation, motive, impulse; (n, v)
goad. ANTONYMS: (n) prevention,
deterrent, disincentive
incivility: (n) disrespect,
impoliteness, discourtesy,
impertinence, insolence, rudeness,
indecorum, boorishness,
unmannerliness, indecency, crudity.
ANTONYMS: (n) civility,
refinement
inclination: (n, v) desire, bent; (n)
fancy, affection, tendency, leaning,
drift, appetite, dip, proclivity, bias.
ANTONYMS: (n) disinclination,
reluctance, aversion, indifference,
unwillingness, antipathy, dislike,
horror
inclined: (adj, v) given; (adj) prone,
willing, oblique, apt, predisposed,
ready, minded, likely, liable, bowed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) reluctant,
unwilling, disinclined, horizontal,
unbiased, vertical, impervious
inclosing: (adj) inclusive,
surrounding
incoherently: (adv) unconnectedly,
disconnectedly, disjointedly,
loosely, confusedly, ramblingly,
inarticulately, deliriously,
disorderedly, incongruously,
wanderingly. ANTONYM: (adv)
clearly
incommode: (v) annoy, disquiet,
disoblige, discommode, bother,
discompose, trouble, inconvenience,
disturb, put out, obstruct
incompatible: (adj) incongruous,
inappropriate, inconsistent,
discrepant, discordant, conflicting,
irreconcilable, clashing; (adj, v)
antagonistic, repugnant, hostile.
ANTONYMS: (adj) consistent,
matching, identical, befitting,
complementary, congenial,
synergistic, friendly
incomprehensible: (adj)
inapprehensible, inscrutable,
inarticulate, abstruse, cryptic,
unfathomable, puzzling, obscure,
inexplicable, inconceivable,
unaccountable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
comprehensible, explicable,
understandable, intelligible, legible,
obvious, straightforward
inconsiderable: (adj) inconsequential,
immaterial, small, petty, slight,

negligible, trivial, fractional, minute,
imperceptible, slender. ANTONYM:
(adj) major
inconsiderately: (adv) unthinkingly,
indiscreetly, carelessly, unadvisedly,
tactlessly, rashly, unkindly, rudely,
headlongly, inattentively, selfishly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) considerately,
politely
inconsistency: (n) disagreement,
contradiction, incompatibility,
incoherence, incongruity,
discordance, disparity, variance,
repugnance, contradictoriness; (adj,
n) frivolity. ANTONYMS: (n)
steadiness, equality, constancy,
concord, parity, predictability,
reliability
inconsolable: (adj) disconsolate,
desolate, forlorn, desperate,
despairing, dejected, heartbroken,
sad, wretched, comfortless; (adj, v)
unconsolable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
hopeful, euphoric, happy
inconstancy: (n) fickleness,
flightiness, uncertainty, falseness,
infidelity, changeableness,
changefulness, variability,
disloyalty, caprice; (adj, n)
mutability. ANTONYMS: (n)
constancy, fidelity
inconstant: (adj) erratic, changeable,
flighty, fickle, variable, faithless,
fitful, giddy, inconsistent, uncertain,
slippery. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unending, loyal, regular
inconvenience: (n, v) trouble,
incommode; (v) discommode,
disoblige, annoy, disturb, disquiet;
(n) disadvantage, difficulty,
nuisance, unsuitableness.
ANTONYMS: (n) expediency,
advantage; (v) help, please
inconvenient: (adj) inopportune,
awkward, disadvantageous,
bothersome, improper, unfavorable,
troublesome, hard, inapt, untoward,
unfortunate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
convenient, suitable, opportune,
timely, advantageous
incredulity: (n) doubt, unbelief,
skepticism, incredulousness,
distrust, wonder, surprise,
suspicion, suspiciousness, mistrust,
scepticism. ANTONYMS: (n) faith,
understanding, belief
incumbent: (adj, v) superimposed;
(n) functionary, official,
householder, occupant, parson,
locum tenens, sojourner; (adj)
compulsory; (v) supernatant,
overlying
Jane Austen
incurable: (adj) incorrigible,
immedicable, cureless, inveterate,
irretrievable, irrecoverable, terminal,
irremediable, irreparable,
remediless, chronic. ANTONYM:
(adj) mild
indecision: (n) hesitation,
irresolution, uncertainty,
indecisiveness, hesitance, qualm,
vacillation, hesitancy, dubiety,
infirmity of purpose; (adj, n)
suspense. ANTONYMS: (n)
determination, resolve, resolution,
confidence
indecorous: (adj) indecent,
unbecoming, impolite, unseemly,
coarse, indelicate, inappropriate,
untoward, immodest, unsuitable,
tasteless. ANTONYMS: (adj) polite,
decorous, proper, dignified, correct,
decent
indefatigable: (adj) tireless,
assiduous, unflagging, untiring,
inexhaustible, energetic,
unremitting, indomitable, laborious,
unwearying, unwearied.
ANTONYMS: (adj) idle, feeble,
unrelenting, weary
indelicacy: (n) impropriety,
indecency, indecorousness, ribaldry,
coarseness, obscenity, tactlessness,
discourtesy, gaminess, immodesty,
indecorum. ANTONYMS: (n)
decency, propriety
independently: (adv) individually,
autonomously, apart, sovereignly,
freely, objectively, singly, neutrally,
impartially, self-supportingly,
dispassionately. ANTONYMS: (adv)
subjectively, assisted, jointly,
accompanied, internally
indication: (n) evidence, index,
designation, mark, direction,
forerunner, herald, reference,
gesture, hint, harbinger
indifference: (adj, n) coldness,
phlegm; (n) detachment,
impassiveness, disregard, aloofness,
nonchalance, neglect, unconcern,
impassivity, disinterest.
ANTONYMS: (n) fervor, interest,
eagerness, dedication, sympathy,
favorite, compassion, anxiety,
responsiveness, forcefulness, care
indifferent: (adj) apathetic,
impassive, cold, cool, callous, fair,
insensible, unconcerned, careless,
dull, average. ANTONYMS: (adj)
enthusiastic, fervent, keen,
obsessive, energetic, eager,
involved, surprised, exceptional,
concerned, shocked
423
indigence: (n) need, poverty,
beggary, penury, pauperism,
neediness, misery, impoverishment,
necessity; (n, v) destitution, want.
ANTONYMS: (n) luxury, wealth
indignant: (adj) angry, incensed,
furious, enraged, wrathful, hurt,
rage, provoked, hot, anger, irate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) cool, content,
unaffected
indignantly: (adv) irately, angrily,
wrathfully, enragedly, sorely,
acrimoniously, cynically, sulkily,
hotly, exasperatedly, furiously
indignation: (n) anger, resentment,
displeasure, grudge, umbrage, rage,
outrage, exasperation, choler,
dudgeon; (adj, n) wrath.
ANTONYMS: (n) contentment,
pleasure
indignity: (n) dishonor, contumely,
humiliation, contempt, outrage,
disdain, offence, disgrace,
degradation; (n, v) insult, abuse.
ANTONYMS: (n) honor, glory,
pride
indispensable: (adj, v) necessary,
imperative, requisite; (adj)
obligatory, fundamental, required,
mandatory, vital, urgent, absolutely
necessary; (v) needful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dispensable,
nonessential, optional, marginal,
unnecessary, worthless, minor
indispensably: (adv) needs, by
necessity, very, elementally,
fundamentally, essentially, basically
indisposed: (adj) ill, ailing, loath,
sick, averse, poorly, sickly, reluctant,
unwilling, unwell, diseased.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inclined, willing,
keen, disposed
indisposition: (adj, n, v) ailment; (n)
disinclination, dislike, distaste,
aversion, reluctance, hesitation; (n,
v) illness, disorder, disease; (adj, n)
infirmity. ANTONYM: (n)
inclination
indisputable: (adj) incontestable,
incontrovertible, sure, irrefutable,
undeniable, firm, absolute, positive,
decided, obvious, unmistakable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dubious,
doubtful, questionable, disputable,
equivocal, debatable, imitation,
tenuous, weak
indistinct: (adj) indefinite,
inarticulate, faint, dull, fuzzy,
indeterminate, hazy, neutral; (adj, n)
confused, cloudy, dark.
ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, slight,
separate, certain, precise, audible,
 424
strong, definite
indolence: (n) laziness, inaction,
lethargy, inertia, inactivity,
listlessness, slowness, torpor,
sluggishness, apathy; (adj, n) sloth.
ANTONYMS: (n) energy,
nimbleness, activity, bustle,
liveliness, vigor
indolent: (adj) idle, lazy, slothful,
sluggish, careless, slow, dull, torpid,
inert, drowsy, listless. ANTONYMS:
(adj) active, industrious, vigorous,
diligent
indubitable: (adj, v) indisputable,
incontrovertible, incontestable; (adj,
n) certain; (adj) unquestionable,
evident, apparent, conclusive, sure,
undeniable; (adv) doubtless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dubious,
questionable, debatable, doubtful,
uncertain
induce: (v) generate, tempt, cause,
impel, bring, create, draw,
engender, beget, get, infer.
ANTONYMS: (v) prevent, restrain
inducement: (n) enticement,
attraction, cause, incitement,
impulse, temptation, bait, impetus,
occasion, motive, goad.
ANTONYMS: (n) disincentive,
deterrent
indulge: (n, v) gratify, humor; (v)
coddle, cosset, baby, pamper, spoil,
satisfy, please, mollycoddle, cocker.
ANTONYMS: (v) frustrate, deprive,
stifle, neglect, deny, displease, fast
indulged: (adj) pet, privileged,
cherished, admired
indulgence: (adj, n) gratification,
delight; (n) allowance, extravagance,
debauchery, hobby, tolerance,
luxury, enjoyment, leniency,
pardon. ANTONYMS: (n) denial,
virtue, intolerance, uprightness,
necessity, indifference, dismay,
severity
indulgent: (adj) forgiving, gentle,
clement, lenient, soft, kind, gracious,
tolerant, merciful, compassionate;
(adj, v) permissive. ANTONYMS:
(adj) intolerant, unsympathetic,
severe, restrained, harsh,
hardhearted, abstemious,
disapproving
indulging: (n) pampering, excess,
indulgence, orgy, folly, foolery,
gratification
ineffectual: (adj) ineffective, futile,
useless, feeble, abortive, powerless,
idle, weak, unable, void, vain.
ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, effectual,
effective, useful, viable, competent,
Sense and Sensibility
invulnerable, helpful, decisive
inelegant: (adj) awkward, graceless,
clumsy, coarse, crude, ungraceful,
rude, gawky, maladroit, crass,
vulgar. ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful,
elegant, delicate, dexterous, tasteful
ineligible: (adj) inapt, incompetent,
unqualified, incapable, inadmissible,
unworthy, unsuitable, unfit,
inconvenient, inappropriate,
inexpedient. ANTONYMS: (adj)
entitled, competent
inevitable: (adj) ineluctable,
unavoidable, inescapable, destined,
fatal, fated, necessary, obvious,
irrevocable, irresistible; (n)
ineluctability. ANTONYMS: (adj)
evitable, avoidable, optional,
preventable, unpredictable,
unlikely; (adv) surprisingly
inevitably: (adv) unavoidably,
necessarily, of necessity, ineluctably,
needs, by necessity, automatically,
surely, certainly, essentially.
ANTONYM: (adv) unnecessarily
inexcusable: (adj) irremissible,
unpardonable, reprehensible,
unwarrantable, unforgivable,
unwarranted, unfair, untenable, not
excusable, intolerable, unexcusable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) understandable,
forgivable, justifiable, justified,
laudable, wonderful
inexperience: (adj) inexperienced,
indexterity, incomprehension,
inability; (adj, n) simplicity; (n)
freshness, innocence, ignorance,
newness, callowness, unfamiliarity.
ANTONYMS: (n) skillfulness,
sophistication, wisdom
inexperienced: (adj) naive, young,
callow, ignorant, unsophisticated,
new, unexperienced, clumsy; (adj, v)
raw; (v) green; (n) inexperience.
ANTONYMS: (adj) trained,
sophisticated, skilled,
knowledgeable, expert, accustomed,
sharp, seasoned
infamous: (adj) disreputable,
flagrant, notorious, disgraceful,
dishonourable, contemptible; (adj, v)
foul, shameful, base; (adj, n, v)
scandalous; (adj, adv, v) nefarious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) reputable,
famous
infamously: (adv) disgracefully,
notoriously, shamefully, vilely,
flagrantly, ignominiously, arrantly,
opprobriously, basely, villainously,
evilly
infancy: (n) babyhood, cradle,
beginning, birth, genesis, minority,
early childhood, youth, nonage,
adolescence, early days.
ANTONYM: (n) maturity
infant: (n) child, babe, minor,
nursling, youngster, chick, toddler,
suckling, kid, pappoose; (adj, n)
juvenile
infants: (n) brood
infatuation: (adj) devotion,
fascination, enchantment, gross
credulity; (adj, n) passion, fervor,
fanaticism; (n) crush, idolatry, love,
hobby. ANTONYM: (n) indifference
infection: (n) contagion, disease,
contamination, corruption, illness,
transmission; (adj, n) taint,
pollution, septicity; (v) infect; (adj)
contagious
infer: (v) deduce, guess, derive,
conclude, construe, imagine,
conjecture, gather, deduct; (adj, v)
understand, imply
inferior: (adj) secondary, bad,
humble, poor, junior, petty, lesser,
cheap, base, feeble, vulgar.
ANTONYMS: (adj) better, choice,
excellent, premium, adscript,
perfect, higher, quality, senior; (adj,
n) superscript; (n) boss
inferiority: (n) poorness, degeneracy,
subordinacy, minority,
disadvantage, calibre, vulgarity,
quality, subordination, meanness,
deteriority. ANTONYMS: (n)
superiority, advantage, excellence,
preeminence
infinitely: (adv) greatly, vastly,
immensely, immeasurably,
boundlessly, enormously,
unboundedly, hugely, ceaselessly,
unendingly; (adj, adv) incalculably.
ANTONYM: (adv) finitely
infirm: (adj, n, v) feeble; (adj, v) faint,
weak, sickly, debilitated; (adj)
impotent, fragile, decrepit, ill,
delicate, shaky. ANTONYMS: (adj)
whole, well, hearty
infirmity: (adj, n) frailty, foible,
imbecility; (n) feebleness,
impotence, disability, decrepitude,
illness, sickness, disease, weakness.
ANTONYMS: (n) health, wellness,
strength
inflict: (v) impose, cause, wreak,
force, enforce, deal, deliver,
administer, foist, put, obtrude
influenced: (adj) partial, unfair, acted
upon, convinced, persuaded,
susceptible, unjust, prejudiced.
ANTONYM: (adj) unbiased
inform: (v) acquaint, impart, advise,
enlighten, announce, tell,

familiarize, explain, advertise,
apprise, warn
informed: (adj) cognizant, educated,
conscious, knowledgeable, familiar,
apprised, wise, conversant,
experienced, sensible; (adv) abreast.
ANTONYMS: (adj) uninformed,
unconcerned
informing: (n) briefing, disclosure,
apprisal, warning, revelation,
ratting, presentation, introduction;
(v) inform; (adj) intelligencing,
giving information
ingenious: (adj) adroit, artful, clever,
cunning, deft, expert, creative,
imaginative, cute, acute, able.
ANTONYMS: (adj) impulsive,
naive, unoriginal, inept
ingratiating: (adj) fawning, taking,
pleasing, toadying, sycophantic,
unctuous, disarming, fascinating,
charming, winning, smooth
ingratitude: (n) oblivion of benefits,
thanklessness, ungratefulness,
feeling. ANTONYM: (n) gratitude
inhabit: (v) reside, abide, occupy,
lodge, settle, people, live, indwell,
be, exist; (n) habit. ANTONYMS: (v)
desert, vacate
inhabitants: (n) population, citizens,
populace, folk, country, community,
abode, group, inhabitation, nation,
natives
inhabited: (v) populous, full of
people, arrayed, clothed, dressed,
accustomed, habited; (adj, v)
peopled; (adj) occupied, settled,
housing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unoccupied, uninhabited, business
inhabiting: (adj) inhabited; (n)
commorant; (v) occupying
inherit: (v) heir, come into, get, to
inherit, own, receive, come in for, to
succeed, follow, descend, accede
inheriting: (adj) heritable
inheritor: (n) beneficiary, heritor,
heiress, successor, recipient,
progeny, offspring, legatee,
inheritress, inheritrix, heir
presumptive. ANTONYMS: (n)
predecessor, ancestor
injunction: (n) dictate, command,
behest, bidding, commandment, fiat,
direction, enjoinment, enjoining,
order, instruction
injure: (n, v) damage, harm, impair;
(v) contuse, disfigure, maim, bruise,
blemish, wound, insult; (adj, v)
abuse. ANTONYMS: (v) heal,
enable, repair, protect, help
injured: (adj) hurt, broken, wounded,
affected, damaged, pained,
Jane Austen
offended, insulted, defective,
prejudiced; (n) casualty.
ANTONYMS: (adj) uninjured,
unaffected, well
injustice: (n) iniquity, wrong,
unfairness, bigotry, wickedness,
prejudice, crime; (adj, n) injury, evil,
harm, damage. ANTONYMS: (n)
fairness, evenhandedness,
reasonableness, goodness, tolerance
innate: (adj) inherent, congenital,
inbred, indigenous, instinctive,
natural, intrinsic, constitutional,
essential, ingrained; (adj, v) born.
ANTONYMS: (adj) learned,
conditioned, acquired, trained,
spiritual
innocence: (n) blamelessness,
chastity, ignorance, ingenuousness,
purity, gullibility, artlessness,
innocent, simplicity, harmlessness,
guiltlessness. ANTONYMS: (n)
sophistication, experience, fault,
dirtiness, wariness, dishonesty
innocent: (adj) chaste, artless, clear,
ingenuous, innocuous, guileless,
guiltless, ignorant, unsophisticated,
spotless, naive. ANTONYMS: (adj)
culpable, responsible, wicked, wary,
experienced, corrupt, worldly,
unfair, meaningful, offensive, jaded
innumerable: (adj) countless,
numberless, incalculable,
multitudinous, infinite, innumerous,
unnumbered, uncounted, myriad,
immeasurable, untold. ANTONYM:
(adj) finite
inquietude: (n) anxiety, disturbance,
unrest, perturbation, disquiet,
restlessness, uneasiness, edginess,
trepidation; (n, v) discomfort,
vexation of spirit
inquire: (v) demand, ask, explore,
enquire, inspect, research, consult,
pry, request, wonder; (n, v)
question. ANTONYM: (v) answer
inquiries: (n) investigation,
examination, study, enquiries,
enquiry, inquiry, exploration
inquiring: (adj) inquisitive, quizzical,
interested, analytical, probing,
intrusive; (adj, n) questioning; (v)
inquire; (n) enquiry, question,
examination. ANTONYM: (adj)
uninquiring
inquisitive: (adj) inquiring,
speculative, nosy, prying,
questioning, nosey, meddling,
investigative, meddlesome,
quizzical, overcurious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) apathetic,
uninterested
425
inquisitiveness: (n) curiosity,
nosiness, prying, appetite for
knowledge, foreignness, exactness,
accuracy, elaboration, eagerness to
learn, carefulness
insensibility: (n) callousness,
hardness, indifference, dullness,
stupidity, stupor, impassiveness,
coma, physical insensibility,
impassivity, trance
insensible: (adj) imperceptible,
numb, unconscious, callous, dull,
unaware, apathetic, impassive,
indiscernible, comatose, impassible.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible,
conscious, sensitive, awake, alive,
compassionate, concerned, aware
insignificance: (n) unimportance,
insignificancy, indifference,
immateriality, inconsiderableness,
slightness, smallness, meanness,
littleness, futility,
inconsequentiality. ANTONYMS:
(n) seriousness, importance, gravity,
appropriateness, value, fame
insincere: (adj) false, artificial,
feigned, hypocritical, hollow,
affected, empty, devious, dishonest,
counterfeit, fraudulent.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sincere, genuine,
natural, straightforward,
meaningful, real, true, serious,
restrained, honest; (adv) partially
insincerity: (n, v) duplicity; (n)
falsity, falseness, cant, dishonesty,
hollowness, dissimulation,
affectation, disingenuousness,
faithlessness; (v) double dealing.
ANTONYMS: (n) sincerity,
genuineness
insipid: (adj) tasteless, bland, dull,
watery, flavorless, uninteresting,
vapid, savorless, boring, tame,
humdrum. ANTONYMS: (adj)
exciting, tasty, interesting, flavorful,
spicy, lively, colorful, dark, bright,
inspired, imaginative
insipidity: (n) flatness, insipidness,
blandness, insulsity, jargon,
platitude, depression, dejection,
boredom, idiocy
insist: (v) affirm, assert, contend,
demand, claim, asseverate, declare,
maintain, urge, importune, press.
ANTONYMS: (v) request, deny
insolence: (n) impertinence,
arrogance, audacity, impudence,
effrontery, cheek, assumption, gall,
disrespect, haughtiness, crust.
ANTONYMS: (n) respect,
politeness, meekness, shyness
insolent: (adj) impertinent, abusive,
 426
disrespectful, impudent, fresh,
arrogant, brazen, defiant, offensive,
brassy, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj)
respectful, modest, gracious, meek,
submissive
inspect: (v) overhaul, overlook,
survey, watch, scrutinize, view,
explore, look, review, inquire,
monitor. ANTONYMS: (v) skim,
ignore
inspection: (n) check, review,
surveillance, study, scrutiny,
inquiry, survey, exploration, search,
checkup; (n, v) sight
inspire: (adj, v) cheer, enliven,
exhilarate; (v) encourage, excite,
inhale, incite, affect, infuse, hearten,
actuate. ANTONYMS: (v)
extinguish, disenchant, douse,
knock, dampen, calm, dishearten
inspired: (adj) ingenious, adopted,
elysian, creative, imaginative,
elected, inventive, unearthly,
brilliant, stimulated, enthusiastic.
ANTONYMS: (adj) bland,
unimaginative, abysmal, mediocre
inspiring: (adj) rousing, provocative,
inspire, inspirational, inspiringly,
heartening, encourage, entertaining,
exhilarating, hopeful, imposing.
ANTONYMS: (adj) ridiculous,
uninspiring, banal, boring, dull,
unimpressive
instance: (n) exemplar, case, time,
illustration, sample, affair, pattern,
chance, cause; (v) exemplify,
illustrate
instant: (adj, n) present; (adj)
immediate, prompt; (n) flash,
minute, jiffy, point, second; (adj, v)
exigent; (adj, n, v) pressing, urgent.
ANTONYMS: (n) age, eternity; (adj)
considered, delayed, slow
instantaneous: (adj) immediate,
prompt, sudden, precipitate,
momentary, abrupt, precipitous,
precipitant, swift, momentaneous,
quick. ANTONYMS: (adj) gradual,
delayed, considered
instantaneously: (adv) directly,
instantly, at once, forthwith,
suddenly, promptly, abruptly,
momentarily, outright, right away,
in a flash. ANTONYM: (adv)
eventually
instantly: (adv, n) directly; (adj, adv)
immediately, at once; (adv)
instantaneously, promptly,
forthwith, now, readily, quickly,
momently, momentarily.
ANTONYMS: (adv) later, slowly,
gradually
Sense and Sensibility
instigation: (n) fomentation,
encouragement, incitement,
abetment, incitation, agitation,
provocation, inducement, initiation,
excitation, stimulus
instruction: (n) charge, direction,
education, guidance, prescription,
guideline, teaching, information,
injunction; (n, v) advice, counsel.
ANTONYM: (n) plea
instrument: (n) channel, deed, tool,
pawn, apparatus, agency,
document, expedient, appliance,
gear; (n, v) implement
insufferably: (adv) hatefully,
hopelessly, agonizingly,
disagreeably, dreadfully, unfeasibly,
trip, ridiculously, intolerably,
impossibly, horrendously
insufficiency: (n) imperfection,
deficit, deficiency, shortage,
absence, failure, lack,
inadequateness, inability, scarcity,
dearth. ANTONYMS: (n) adequacy,
abundance, sufficiency, surplus,
excess
insufficient: (adj) defective, scanty,
inadequate, incompetent, imperfect,
incapable, limited, small, poor,
meager, unsatisfactory.
ANTONYMS: (adj) plentiful,
adequate, filling, generous, plenty,
abundant, commensurate,
acceptable, perfect
insult: (n, v) contumely, affront,
abuse, flout, outrage, wound, taunt;
(n) disgrace, indignity, contempt; (v)
cut. ANTONYMS: (n, v)
compliment, praise; (v) flatter,
consecrate; (n) privilege
insulted: (adj) affronted, offended,
injured, huffy
insulting: (adj) contemptuous,
insolent, injurious, offensive,
scurrilous, defamatory,
opprobrious, rude, disgraceful,
disdainful, impolite. ANTONYMS:
(adj) courteous, conciliatory, polite,
generous, cordial
insured: (adj) guaranteed, certain,
indubitable; (n) policyholder
integrity: (adj, n) honesty, fairness,
candor, honor; (n) probity,
completeness, righteousness, justice,
unity, entireness, fidelity.
ANTONYMS: (n) dishonesty,
wickedness, injustice, division,
decadence, badness, immorality,
corruption
intelligence: (n) cleverness, intellect,
news, tidings, understanding,
acumen, mentality, knowledge,
brains, comprehension, brainpower.
ANTONYMS: (n) stupidity,
emotion, slowness, foolishness,
ineptness
intelligent: (adj) intellectual, astute,
sensible, alert, rational, quick-
witted, bright, cunning, gifted,
knowledgeable, brilliant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dim, thick, slow,
stupid, dull, foolish
intelligible: (adj) clear,
understandable, articulate,
luminous, apprehensible, graspable,
simple, lucid, definite, distinct,
perspicuous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
difficult, illegible
intend: (v) destine, design, mean,
aim, determine, denote,
contemplate, plan, purpose,
consider, believe. ANTONYM: (v)
improvise
intent: (n) idea, intention, design,
spirit, meaning, import, goal,
purpose; (adj, n) attentive; (adj)
absorbed, engrossed
intentionally: (adv) deliberately,
advisedly, consciously, purposely,
on purpose, knowingly, willfully,
studiedly, expressly, purposefully,
intendedly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
accidentally, innocently
intercourse: (n) contact, coition,
conversation, communication,
coitus, dealings, converse,
commerce, liaison, congress; (adj, n)
acquaintance
interfere: (n, v) interpose; (v)
intercede, obstruct, disturb, conflict,
impede, hinder, meddle, intervene;
(n) interference; (adj, v) intermeddle
interference: (n) hindrance,
disturbance, handicap, blocking,
intercession, inhibition,
encumbrance, barrier, intervention,
block; (v) interfere. ANTONYMS:
(n) nonintervention, help
interfering: (adj, n) meddling; (adj)
officious, busy, disturbing,
meddlesome, nosy, busybodied,
curious, overbearing, domineering;
(n) hindrance
interim: (adj) transitory, acting,
provisional, impermanent, transient;
(n) interval, interlude, pause, while,
lag; (adv) meantime. ANTONYM:
(adj) permanent
intermission: (n) rest, pause, lull,
cessation, suspension, interruption,
abeyance, disruption, gap,
discontinuance, respite.
ANTONYM: (n) continuation
internally: (adv) innerly, intrinsically,

inwardly, nationally, intimately,
insidely, within, locally, essentially,
privately, really. ANTONYMS:
(adv) outwardly, outside,
internationally
interposed: (adj) interjacent,
intercedent, intervenient,
parenthetical, intermediate colors,
mediate
interrupt: (v) disturb, break, hinder,
intermit, stop, cut, break in, arrest,
check; (n, v) suspend; (adj, v) pause.
ANTONYMS: (v) cheer, respect,
restore
interrupted: (adj) discontinuous,
fitful, intermittent, discontinued,
disconnected, unsuccessive,
intervallic, episodic, gaping,
periodic; (prep) interrupt
interrupting: (adj) cross,
interchanged, interpelling,
meddlesome, adverse, defensive,
contrary, interpellant, interruptive
interruption: (n) disruption,
intermission, halt, pause,
suspension, discontinuance, hiatus;
(n, v) break, hindrance, impediment;
(v) interrupt. ANTONYMS: (n)
permanence, help, respect
interval: (n) intermission,
interruption, distance, break,
interlude, hiatus, interim, pause,
period, respite, gap. ANTONYM: (n)
intensification
intimacy: (adj, n) familiarity,
acquaintance; (n) closeness,
fellowship, association, friendship,
intercourse, affair, camaraderie,
conversance, confidence.
ANTONYMS: (n) distance, formality
intimate: (adj, adv, v) close; (n, v)
express, imply; (v) hint, indicate,
allude, suggest; (adj) informal,
inner, internal; (adj, v) confidential.
ANTONYMS: (adj) formal, cold,
unfriendly, external, outermost,
public, superficial
intimated: (adj) tacit, furtive, dejected
intimately: (adv) nearly, familiarly,
personally, secretly, internally,
privately, narrowly, thoroughly,
near, well, thickly. ANTONYM:
(adv) superficially
intoxication: (n) inebriation,
inebriety, poisoning, tipsiness,
fascination, grogginess, ecstasy,
daze, excitement, euphoria, wine
intrinsically: (adv) essentially,
naturally, internally, inwardly,
immanently, instinctively, really, in
and of itself, as such, per se; (adj,
adv) innately
Jane Austen
introducing: (n) introduction
intruder: (n) trespasser, interloper,
encroacher, raider, invader,
aggressor, go between, gatecrasher,
stalker, boarder; (adj, n) stranger
intruding: (adj) aggressive,
interfering, intrusive
intrusion: (n) infringement,
encroachment, disturbance,
interruption, inroad, trespass,
invasion, violation, incursion,
disruption, entry
intuitively: (adv) impulsively,
viscerally, unconsciously,
automatically, mechanically,
inbornly, inherently, innately,
involuntarily, nonrationally,
perceptively
invalid: (adj) false, illogical,
unreasonable, null, weak, void,
unhealthy, sick, flawed; (n) infirm;
(v) disable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
valid, legitimate, current, healthy,
true, watertight, correct
invaluable: (adj) valuable,
inestimable, incalculable, precious,
costly, rare, unvalued, beyond price,
unvaluable, serviceable, unprizable.
ANTONYM: (adj) dispensable
invariable: (adj) fixed, consistent,
even, immutable, steady,
unchanging, stable, uniform, set,
undeviating, unchanged.
ANTONYMS: (adj) changing,
dynamic, erratic, irregular, varied
invariably: (adv) constantly, ever,
forever, permanently, continually,
incessantly; (adj) never otherwise,
unfailingly, without exception,
without fail; (adj, adv) uniformly
invent: (v) devise, form, create,
excogitate, concoct, imagine,
contrive; (n, v) forge, fabricate,
design, coin
invented: (adj) fictional, fabricated,
imaginary, unreal, fake, mythical,
legendary, fictive, fancied, fabulous,
ben trovato. ANTONYMS: (adj)
genuine, factual, true, actual
inventing: (adj) lying
invention: (n) fabrication, conception,
fiction, imagination, creation,
discovery, device, innovation,
excogitation, artifice; (n, v) forgery.
ANTONYM: (n) truth
inventive: (adj) imaginative,
ingenious, clever, fertile,
resourceful, innovative, originative,
productive, artistic, bright; (adj, v)
original. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unoriginal, uninventive, stale,
hackneyed
427
invitation: (n) call, bidding,
temptation, lure, asking, request,
attraction, enticement; (v) invite,
solicitation; (n, v) supplication
invite: (v) tempt, allure, bid, call,
entice, ask, summon, attract, receive,
solicit; (n) invitation. ANTONYMS:
(v) elect, repel
inviting: (adj) attractive, alluring,
engaging, tempting, enticing,
appealing, magnetic, captivating,
prepossessing, seductive,
appetizing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
offensive, repellent, uninviting,
unappealing, unwelcoming, bleak,
uncomfortable
involuntarily: (adv) unconsciously,
unintentionally, inadvertently,
automatically, forcedly,
mechanically, unthinkingly,
reluctantly, accidentally,
automaticly, unwillingly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) voluntarily,
consciously, willingly, purposely
involuntary: (adj) instinctive,
unconscious, unintentional, forced,
mechanical, unthinking, reluctant,
unwilling, compulsory, inadvertent,
accidental. ANTONYMS: (adj)
voluntary, intentional, intended,
willing
irksome: (adj, v) wearisome,
tiresome; (adj) boring, dull,
annoying, tedious, trying,
burdensome, bothersome, irritating,
prosaic. ANTONYMS: (adj)
delightful, pleasant, refreshing,
soothing
irrational: (adj) absurd, inconsistent,
silly, unreasonable, blind, illogical,
senseless, preposterous, imprudent,
unsound, thoughtless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) logical, lucid,
wise, sensible, worthwhile,
systematic
irreconcilable: (adj, n) inconsistent,
incongruous, discordant, contrary,
dissonant; (adj, v) incompatible,
hostile, repugnant; (adj) implacable,
unreconcilable; (v) antagonistic.
ANTONYMS: (adj) reconcilable,
recoverable, compatible
irregular: (adj) atypical, abnormal,
erratic, anomalous, eccentric,
broken, sporadic, disorderly,
strange, changeable; (adj, n) guerilla.
ANTONYMS: (adj) symmetrical,
normal, smooth, constant, even,
steady, compact, cyclic, equal,
frequent, permanent
irremediable: (adj) incurable,
irrecoverable, irretrievable,
 428
irrevocable, hopeless, irredeemable,
irreclaimable, remediless, beyond
repair, desperate, cureless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) remediable,
superficial, temporary
irreparable: (adj) incurable, hopeless,
irremediable, irrecoverable,
incorrigible, irredeemable,
irretrievable, remediless,
irreclaimable, unalterable,
irrevocable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
impermanent, repairable,
temporary, superficial
irrepressible: (adj) uncontrollable,
uncontainable, unmanageable,
wanton, inextinguishable, rampant,
effervescent; (v) ungovernable,
volcanic, stanchless, simmering.
ANTONYM: (adj) orderly
irreproachable: (adj) blameless,
spotless, faultless, flawless,
innocent, unimpeachable,
inculpable, impeccable, immaculate,
unblemished, above reproach.
ANTONYMS: (adj) reprehensible,
shameful, blameworthy, guilty
irresistible: (adj) resistless, invincible,
irrefragable, irrefutable,
overpowering, overwhelming,
impregnable, indomitable,
charming, fascinating; (adj, v)
uncontrollable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
resistible, insignificant, unappealing,
weak
irresolute: (adj) hesitant, uncertain,
hesitating, infirm, spineless,
doubtful, weak, undecided, fickle,
fluctuating, inconstant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) resolute, firm,
stubborn, unyielding, determined,
decided, decisive, strong, confident
irritability: (n) irascibility, tetchiness,
choler, touchiness, temper, anger,
irritation, peevishness, pettishness,
testiness; (adj, n) petulance.
ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness,
equanimity, cheeriness
irritable: (adj) fractious, irascible,
edgy, cantankerous, touchy,
petulant, excitable, cross, sensitive,
grumpy, disagreeable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, happy,
cheerful, amiable, patient, pleasant,
stable, courteous; (n) cheeriness
irritated: (adj) annoyed, exasperated,
incensed, enraged, aggravated,
furious, irate, inflamed, sore,
displeased, provoked. ANTONYMS:
(adj) calm, pleased, patient,
contented
irritation: (n) exasperation, anger,
annoyance, displeasure, bother,
Sense and Sensibility
excitation, temper, excitement,
irritability, vexation, annoying.
ANTONYMS: (n) satisfaction, balm,
calm, calmness, equanimity,
patience
ivory: (n) tusk, dentin, whiteness,
elephant, teeth, yellow, dentine;
(adj) chalk, lily, milk, paper
jargon: (n, v) gibberish; (n) idiom,
dialect, vernacular, slang, lingo,
language, argot, cant,
gobbledygook; (adj, n) palaver
jealous: (adj) distrustful, envious,
covetous, suspicious, jealousy,
resentful, invidious, green,
grudging, jaundiced, attentive.
ANTONYM: (adj) trusting
jealousy: (n) suspicion, jealous,
jealousness, envy, envious,
alertness, distrust, contention,
competition, scruple, qualm
jest: (n) gag, gibe, quip, game; (n, v)
jape; (v) banter, jeer, deride, gird,
sneer, clown
jewels: (n) jewelry, gems, wealth,
hoops, Perrie, riches, studs, fortune,
fineness, earrings, decoration
joining: (n) connection, junction,
connexion, union, combination,
association, concatenation,
attachment, assembly, fastening;
(adj) connecting
jointure: (n) dower, join, union,
inheritance, heritage, estate,
coupling, conglutination,
brotherhood, appanage, alimony
joke: (n, v) banter; (n) hoax, fun,
quip, gag, caper, game, antic, prank,
humor; (v) tease
joking: (n) banter, fooling, fun; (adj)
jocose, jocular, humorous, funny,
kidding, playful, puckish, comical.
ANTONYM: (n) seriousness
joyful: (adj) gay, glad, elated,
cheerful, gleeful, cheery, delighted,
joyous, jolly, blissful, blithe.
ANTONYMS: (adj) miserable,
sorrowful, unhappy, despairing,
unpleasant, staid, sorry,
disappointed, depressed, heavy
joyfully: (adv) joyously, merrily,
gaily, gleefully, buoyantly, cheerily,
jubilantly, pleasantly, mirthfully;
(adv, v) happily; (adj, adv)
cheerfully. ANTONYMS: (adv)
joylessly, miserably, despondently
judged: (n) judging; (adj) guilty,
deliberate, legal, lawful
judging: (n) judge, judgment, judged,
decision making, assessment,
thought, deciding, prejudgment,
discernment
judicious: (adj, v) discreet; (adj)
careful, discerning, sensible,
prudent, rational, sagacious, sound,
cautious, reasonable, advisable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) stupid, tactless,
indiscriminate, reckless, illogical,
extreme, untimely
judiciously: (adv) prudently,
sagaciously, shrewdly, discreetly,
discerningly, politically, cautiously,
logically, rationally, sensibly,
soundly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
foolishly, injudiciously, unwisely,
illogically, imprudently
jumbled: (adj) confused,
disorganized, disordered, untidy,
muddled, mixed, cluttered,
incoherent, chaotic, promiscuous;
(adj, adv) topsy-turvy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy, systematic,
coherent, clear, organized, sound
justification: (n, v) apology, excuse;
(n) account, reason, defence, cause,
grounds, vindication, basis,
explanation, foundation.
ANTONYM: (n) accusation
justified: (adj) correct, right, proper,
elected, adopted, due, righteous,
sanctified, unearthly, regenerated,
even. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unfounded, unjustified,
unreasonable, wrong, unworthy
justify: (v) explain, exonerate,
vindicate, confirm, absolve, defend,
deserve, apologize, claim, palliate;
(n, v) warrant
justifying: (adj) extenuating,
mitigating; (n) justification, defense
justly: (adv) accurately, fairly,
correctly, honestly, lawfully,
properly, exactly, uprightly,
legitimately, impartially, purely.
ANTONYMS: (adv) wrongly,
unfairly, unjustifiably, unjustly,
unlawfully, sinfully, falsely,
immorally
juvenile: (adj) youthful, childish,
immature, puerile, young, babyish,
callow; (n) youngster, child, youth,
teenager. ANTONYMS: (adj, n)
adult; (adj) mature, old, sensible
kindly: (adj) kind, amiable, genial,
charitable; (adv) sympathetically,
benevolently, tenderly; (adj, n)
benign, gentle, sympathetic,
benevolent. ANTONYMS: (adv)
harshly, nastily, callously, cruelly,
sharply, disagreeably, grumpily,
malevolently; (adj) upsetting,
unfeeling, sour
kindness: (n) generosity, clemency,
compassion, grace, good will,

graciousness, humanity, goodness,
affection; (adj, n) courtesy,
gentleness. ANTONYMS: (n)
miserliness, spite, nastiness,
callousness, cruelty, unfriendliness,
maliciousness, thoughtlessness,
sourness, severity, disservice
kiss: (n, v) caress, brush, embrace,
touch; (n) osculation, salute, lip, Kiss
of peace, kiss hands; (v) osculate,
love
knack: (adj, n) facility, craft,
proficiency; (n) gift, ability, art,
aptitude, dexterity, artifice, mastery,
know-how. ANTONYM: (n)
incompetence
knave: (n) cheat, jack, blackguard,
crook, rascal, villain, cad, scalawag,
scallywag, scoundrel, varlet
kneeling: (n) homage, kowtow,
kneelingly, prostration, genuflexion,
genuflection, curtsy, courtesy,
obeisance
knees: (n) knee
knocking: (n) sound, bang, beating,
hit, rap, strike, belt, criticism, bash
knoll: (n) hill, hillock, mound,
hummock, mount, bank, kopje,
barrow, hammock; (v) knap; (adj)
mole. ANTONYM: (n) hollow
labor: (n, v) toil, endeavor, drudgery,
travail, struggle, confinement,
childbirth, delivery, grind; (n) effort,
exertion. ANTONYMS: (n, v) rest;
(v) relax, ignore; (n) management,
leisure, death, relaxation
laboured: (adj) labored, forced,
arduous, hard, strained, difficult,
laborious, grievous, grave, weighty,
unnatural
ladyship: (n) madam
lain: (adj) artless, unsophisticated,
unaffected, naive, untutored,
simple, pure, natural, native,
inartificial
lament: (v) bemoan, complain,
deplore, grieve, keen, bewail,
mourn; (n) dirge, complaint; (n, v)
wail, moan. ANTONYMS: (n)
celebration, joy; (v) revel, rejoice,
celebrate, applaud, praise,
compliment
lamentation: (n) dirge, grief,
mourning, plaint, regret, complaint,
cry, crying, wail, moan, condolence.
ANTONYM: (n) celebration
lamenting: (adj) weeping, wailing,
sad, whining; (adj, n) plaintive; (adj,
v) bewailing, querulous; (n, v)
complaining; (n) grief, sorrow; (v)
dissatisfied
landlord: (n) laird, proprietor,
Jane Austen
landlady, owner, landholder, land
holder, land owner, innkeeper,
property owner, slumlord, publican.
ANTONYM: (n) occupant
landscape: (n) sight, vista, scene,
scenery, outlook, view, ground,
lookout, landscape painting,
countryside, perspective
languid: (adj) lazy, dull, indolent,
feeble, lethargic, lackadaisical,
sluggish, faint, torpid, inert,
apathetic. ANTONYMS: (adj) active,
lively, exciting, vigorous
lasting: (adj) abiding, everlasting,
firm, eternal, enduring, continuous,
permanent, constant, perpetual,
tough; (adj, v) fast. ANTONYMS:
(adj) fleeting, impermanent,
superficial, ephemeral, caducous,
unstable, occasional, insubstantial,
erratic, acute, fickle
lastingly: (adv) enduringly,
everlastingly, perpetually, firmly,
stably, eternally, abidingly,
persistently, unceasingly,
unendingly, continuously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) erratically,
flimsily
lately: (adv) tardily, newly, freshly,
belatedly, slowly, latterly, deadly;
(adj, adv) anew, late, afresh; (adj)
recent
laudable: (adj) commendable,
creditable, admirable, praiseworthy,
worthy, deserving, good, honorable,
meritorious, applaudable, estimable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) shameful,
regrettable, unimpressive,
lamentable, poor, despicable
laughing: (adj) merry, smiling,
laughable, jolly, gay, lighthearted,
frolicsome, playful, pleased, dizzy;
(adv) laughingly. ANTONYM: (adj)
serious
laughs: (n) diversion, comedy,
amusement, sport, recreation,
merriment, entertainment, levity
laughter: (n) amusement, fun,
guffaw, merriment, chortle, chuckle,
mirth, hilarity, giggle, derision,
happiness. ANTONYMS: (n)
sadness, gloom, despair, boredom,
misery, despondency
lavender: (adj) lilac, purple, puce,
light purple, pale purple, indigo,
chromatic; (adj, n) violet, amethyst;
(n) shrub, genus Lavandula
lawn: (n) grassplot, field, green, park,
meadow, grassplat, plot, lea, turfs,
turves, turf
lawyer: (n) counsel, barrister,
attorney, jurist, counsellor,
429
counselor, conveyancer, ambulance
chaser, adviser, trial lawyer, pleader
laying: (n) egg laying, placing,
parturition, place, repose, setting,
put, position, lay, oyster park,
oviposition
leaf: (n) page, folio, foliage, petal,
frond, leafage, slip, verdure, leaflet;
(n, v) sheet; (v) leave
leagued: (v) brief, dense, firm,
compact, confederated, not verbose,
not diffuse, solid, pithy; (adj)
confederate, allied
leaning: (adj, n) bent, disposition,
partiality; (n) propensity, bias,
tendency, incline, lean; (adj) tilted,
canted, inclined. ANTONYMS: (n)
antipathy, dislike; (adj) upright
leant: (adj) inclined
learnt: (adj) learned
lecture: (n, v) discourse, harangue,
reprimand, sermon, rebuke, talk,
censure; (n) speech, oration; (v)
chide, preach. ANTONYMS: (v)
praise; (n) compliment
legacies: (n) bequest, heritage
legacy: (n) devise, heritage,
inheritance, heirloom, estate, will,
gift, leftover, legacies, endowment,
birthright
leisure: (n) idleness, convenience,
vacation, inactivity, rest, repose,
relaxation, recreation, pastime,
opportunity; (adj) idle. ANTONYM:
(n) work
leisurely: (adj) slow, deliberate,
easygoing, leisure, at ease,
unhurried, measured, idle; (adv)
deliberately, slowly, at leisure.
ANTONYMS: (adj) rushed, hurried,
formal, vigorous, speedy, fast; (adv)
formally, quickly
lengthened: (adj) elongated,
prolonged, long, protracted,
expanded, elongate, longer,
lingering, extensive, stretched out,
lengthy
lessen: (v) decrease, abate, fall,
decline, dwindle, assuage, allay,
alleviate; (adj, v) abridge, curtail,
contract. ANTONYMS: (v) increase,
exacerbate, intensify, raise, grow,
aggravate, accelerate, bolster,
worsen, strengthen, rise
lessened: (adj) diminished, hurt,
lower, mitigated, pointed, tapering,
vitiated, atrophied, short, attenuate,
attenuated
lessening: (n) diminution, cutback,
alleviation, contraction, abatement,
mitigation, shrinking, reduction, cut;
(adj) decreasing, diminishing.
 430
ANTONYMS: (n) growth,
restoration; (adj) increasing
lesser: (adj) less, inferior, junior,
insignificant, petty, subordinate,
smaller, secondary, lower, slighter,
small. ANTONYMS: (adj) major,
primary, senior, superior, higher,
main
lesson: (n) example, education,
instruction, class, learning, sermon,
recitation, task, study, message; (n,
v) rebuke
letting: (n) lease, rental, let, renting,
hire, leasing, rent, belongings,
permission; (adj) lenient
liable: (adj) answerable, accountable,
disposed, apt, responsible, inclined,
exposed, likely, subject, culpable,
vulnerable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unwilling, innocent, unlikely,
disinclined, impervious
liberality: (n, v) charity, almsgiving;
(adj, n) bounty; (n) largess,
munificence, benevolence,
beneficence, generousness,
tolerance; (adj) largesse, gift.
ANTONYM: (n) illiberality
libertine: (adj) dissolute, dissipated,
debauched, fast, lewd, lascivious,
loose, licentious; (n, v) debauchee;
(n) rake; (adj, n) wanton
liberty: (adj, n) freedom, franchise;
(n) license, leave, independence,
autonomy, emancipation, latitude,
permission, scope, release.
ANTONYMS: (n) slavery,
domination, constraint, suppression,
dependence
lief: (adj, v) leef; (adv) fain, willingly;
(adj) glad, acceptable
lifted: (adj) raised, elevated, lift, lofty,
upraised, steep
lifting: (n) rising, hoisting,
plagiarism, restyling, copying,
jacking; (adj) elating, enlivening,
exciting, invigorating, thrilling
lighter: (n) light, flatboat, igniter,
cigarette lighter, wherry, primer,
scow, kindling, fuze, fuzee,
houseboat
light-headed: (adj) dizzy, flighty,
skittish, queer, faint, lightheaded
lightly: (adv) slightly, airily, thinly,
easily, gently, light, fairly, weakly,
flimsily, delicately, wantonly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) seriously,
heavily, thickly, sturdily, angrily,
hard, harshly, densely, brightly,
awkwardly
likelihood: (n) chance, odds,
probability, eventuality, expectation,
likeliness, prospect, expectancy,
Sense and Sensibility
verisimilitude, appearance, option.
ANTONYM: (n) improbability
likeness: (n) resemblance, copy,
effigy, image, affinity, similarity,
correspondence, facsimile; (adj, n)
figure, form, semblance.
ANTONYMS: (n) difference,
diversity, dissimilarity, unlikeness,
contrast
likes: (n) kind, sort, type
likewise: (adv) besides, in addition,
furthermore, alike, moreover,
further, too, similarly; (adj, adv) as
well, equally; (adj) even
liking: (n, v) inclination; (n) fancy,
appetite, taste, fondness,
predilection, affection, partiality,
admiration, approval, appreciation.
ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, aversion,
hatred, indifference, detachment,
dissatisfaction, antipathy
limits: (n) confines, bounds, range,
frontier, area, circumference,
perimeter, field, margin, boundaries;
(v) confine. ANTONYM: (n) middle
linen: (n) fabric, flax, lingerie, doily,
doyley, doyly, cambric, underwear,
underclothes, hemp; (v) muslin
linger: (v) loiter, delay, dally, hover,
stay, hesitate, hang around,
procrastinate, dawdle, tarry,
saunter. ANTONYMS: (v) hurry,
end, rush, depart, lead
lingering: (adj) long, chronic,
extended, dilatory, protracted,
prolonged, residual, lengthy,
inactive, dull; (n) delay.
ANTONYM: (adj) quick
listener: (n, v) auditor; (n)
eavesdropper, audience, observer,
perceiver, hearkener, attender,
attendee, attendant, beholder
lively: (adj, adv) jolly, sprightly; (adj,
v) active, cheerful; (adj) energetic,
agile, keen, busy, gay, fresh, jovial.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lethargic,
listless, inactive, unexciting, lifeless,
awkward, sad, gentle, tired, insipid,
subdued
lobby: (n) foyer, hallway, anteroom,
lounge, entrance hall, vestibule,
aisle, antechamber, corridor,
pressure group, entry. ANTONYM:
(n) exit
lock: (n, v) bar, hug; (v) close, latch,
fasten, engage, hold; (adj, n) hair; (n)
curl, padlock, hook. ANTONYMS:
(v) open, undo, disengage, flex; (n)
key; (adv) partially, partly
lodging: (n) abode, apartment,
accommodation, housing, hostel,
residence, quarter, home,
lodgement, address, hospice
lodgings: (n) digs, accommodation,
domiciliation, lodging, billet,
housing, quarters, residence, pad,
living quarters, launchpad
longest: (adj) best, lengest, fastest,
top, record, best ever, greatest
long-established: (adj) traditional,
confirmed
loose: (adj, v) lax, dissolute; (adj, n)
limp, liberal, licentious; (adj) light,
vague; (v) disengage, relax, release,
liberate. ANTONYMS: (adj) dense,
close, taut, compressed, strict,
compact, wedged, secure, strong,
similar; (v) confine
losing: (v) lose; (n) loss; (adv)
losingly, behind; (adj) unbeneficial.
ANTONYM: (adj) lucrative
loud: (adj) flashy, garish, gaudy,
blatant, brassy, boisterous, high,
jazzy, brazen, piercing; (adj, adv)
forte. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful,
gentle, quiet, subtle, subdued, low,
muted, weak, tranquil, thin; (adv)
softly
lover: (n) dear, darling, fan, devotee,
beau, buff, love, admirer, beloved,
amorist, man
loving: (adj) fond, devoted, amorous,
kind, friendly, ardent, attached,
admiring, gentle, fatherly; (adj, v)
tender. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold,
uncaring, malicious, cruel, unloving,
rough, paternal, indifferent, distant,
disapproving, callous
lowered: (adj) lower, reduced, cheap,
bated, humbled. ANTONYM: (adj)
raised
lowering: (adj) heavy, dismal,
gloomy, threatening, dark, glum,
murky; (n) fall, drop, cut, decline
lowness: (n) depression, baseness,
tallness, meanness, deepness,
sordidness, baby blues,
completeness, dejection, truncation,
abundance
low-spirited: (adj) downcast,
depressed, melancholy, dejected,
despondent, downhearted, down in
the mouth, sad
luck: (n) fortune, fate, accident,
destiny, hazard, lot, advantage,
providence, portion, happiness; (n,
v) chance. ANTONYM: (n) design
luckily: (adv) happily, prosperously,
auspiciously, fortuitously,
successfully, providentially,
propitiously, opportunely,
advantageously, felicitously, as luck
would have it. ANTONYMS: (adv)
unluckily, inauspiciously

lurking: (n) ambush; (adj) snaky,
backstair, backstairs, clandestine,
concealed, dormant, latent,
potential, skulking, sneaky
lustily: (adv) stoutly, energetically,
robustly, powerfully, vigorously,
mightily, halely, strappingly,
potently, sturdily, heartily
luxurious: (adj) voluptuous, costly,
deluxe, lavish, sumptuous,
epicurean, grand, luscious, opulent,
magnificent; (adj, n) lush.
ANTONYMS: (adj) meager, frugal,
poor, Spartan, austere, humble,
unpleasant, ascetic, impoverished
luxury: (n) comfort, luxuriousness,
extravagance, opulence, wealth;
(adj, n) delicacy, gratification,
elegance; (adj) luxurious, deluxe,
indulgence. ANTONYMS: (n)
paucity, necessity, poverty, filth,
discomfort, bareness, shabbiness;
(adj) basic, inferior, cheap, Spartan
lying-in: (n) childbirth,
accouchement, parturition; (v)
delivery
ma'am: (n) lady, madam,
gentlewoman, milady, woman,
madame, Grande dame, doll, chick,
brothel keeper, bird
madam: (n) dame, lady, ma'am,
gentlewoman, missis, Mrs, brothel
keeper, madames, signora, female,
bawd
madness: (n) frenzy, insanity, lunacy,
idiocy, folly, delirium, insaneness;
(adj, n) furor, rage, desperation,
furore. ANTONYMS: (n) sense,
calmness, order
magnanimity: (adj, n) generosity,
liberality; (n) largesse, greatness,
charity, munificence, tolerance,
nobleness, nobility, kindness,
largess. ANTONYM: (n) pettiness
magnificent: (adj) imposing, brilliant,
splendid, grandiose, superb,
elegant; (adj, n) grand, excellent,
gorgeous, illustrious, glorious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) awful,
ridiculous, unimpressive, humble,
inglorious, modest, meager,
unattractive, boring, unexceptional,
humdrum
maid: (n) damsel, chambermaid, lass,
lassie, girl, domestic, amah, virgin,
maiden, housemaid, handmaid
make-believe: (adj, n) fake, dream;
(n) feint, pretence, pretension,
pretense, pretending, affectation;
(adj) sham, pretended, assumed
malady: (n, v) illness, ailment,
indisposition, distemper; (adj, n, v)
Jane Austen
disorder; (adj, n) complaint,
infirmity; (n) sickness, condition,
trouble, ill
malevolence: (n) malice, hatred,
spite, hate, ill will, bitterness,
hostility, rancor, venom, grudge,
enmity. ANTONYMS: (n)
benevolence, good, affection,
goodwill
malice: (n) spite, animosity, enmity,
venom, ill will, hatred, malevolence,
cruelty, envy, hate, spleen.
ANTONYMS: (n) goodwill,
benevolence, affection, goodness
malignant: (adj) malevolent,
malicious, evil, malefic, fatal,
spiteful, virulent, sinister,
mischievous, pernicious, venomous
mall: (n) center, esplanade, hammer,
plaza, promenade, walk, shopping
mall, square, sledge hammer,
crescent, circus
mama: (n) mummy, mum, mommy,
momma, mom, mammy, mamma,
mother, wife, lover, mater
mamma: (n) breast, mother, ma,
knocker, boob, mum, mammy,
mom, momma, mommy, mummy
mankind: (n) world, humanity,
humankind, human race, humans,
person, flesh, mortality, people,
human beings, humanness
manly: (adj) manlike, masculine,
manful, virile, brave, gallant; (adv)
manfully, boldly, hardily, virilely;
(adj, adv) stately. ANTONYMS:
(adj) weak, unmanly, cowardly;
(adv) unmanfully
manners: (n) conduct, etiquette,
propriety, behavior, deportment,
manner, courtesy, custom, decorum,
good manners, usage. ANTONYM:
(n) vulgarity
manor: (n) land, mansion, manor
house, castle, hall, residence, estate,
seigniory, demesne, manse,
dominion
mansion: (n) house, manor,
residence, castle, home, manor
house, hall, building, palace, villa,
abode. ANTONYMS: (n) hovel,
shack, hut
mantelpiece: (n) chimneypiece,
mantlepiece, shelf, chimneybreast,
blanket, cape, sill, clavy, curtain,
drape, drapery
mare: (n) Maria, Money makes the
mare go, broodmare, doe, hen, bitch,
horse, region, part, jennet, roe
marking: (n) earmark, crisscross,
brand, marker, maculation, grading,
stamping, authentication, lineation,
431
cairn, cross
marmalade: (n) licorice, conserve,
plum, sweetmeat, jelly, preserve,
preserves, lollipop, jujube, orange
marmalade, conserves
marriages: (n) marriage, matrimony
marry: (n, v) wed, espouse; (v) get
married, link, conjoin, wive, splice,
tie, unite, couple; (n) marriage.
ANTONYMS: (v) divorce, separate,
split
marrying: (adj) married
master's: (n) postgraduate degree
materially: (adv) physically,
substantially, corporeally,
significantly, really, essentially,
corporally, vitally, solidly,
momentously, fundamentally
maternal: (adj) parental, paternal,
parent, motherlike, mother, loving,
enatic, agnatic, ancestral, enate,
fraternal. ANTONYMS: (adj)
paternal, filial
matrimony: (n) wedding, union,
marriage ceremony, nuptials,
endogamy, bigamy, intermixture,
alloyage, exogamy, intermarriage;
(n, v) wedlock
maxim: (adj, n) aphorism, adage; (n)
byword, apothegm, rule, saying,
principle, proverb, motto, gnome;
(n, v) saw
meals: (n) nourishment, fare, food,
meal, the food we eat, provisions
meanness: (n) parsimony, closeness,
pettiness, avarice, selfishness,
baseness, stinginess, niggardliness,
miserliness, nastiness; (adj, n)
degeneracy. ANTONYMS: (n)
generosity, extravagance, decency
meantime: (adv) meanwhile, in the
meantime, simultaneously; (n)
interval, interlude, while, at times,
whiles, mean, instrument
measured: (adj) careful, moderate,
calculated, temperate, reasonable,
regular, rhythmic, metrical, sober,
rhythmical, leisurely. ANTONYMS:
(adj) rushed, unmeasured, fast,
hurried, rapid, rash, thoughtless
measuring: (n) measure,
mensuration, scaling, surveying,
hydrometry, actinometry,
gravimetry, densitometry,
calorimetry, bathymetry,
audiometry
mechanically: (adv) mechanistically,
instinctively, routinely,
involuntarily, industrially,
unconsciously, automaticly,
intuitively, impulsively, technically,
technologically. ANTONYMS: (adv)
 432
manually, consciously
mediation: (n) arbitration,
intervention, intercession, agency,
intermediation, propitiation,
interposition, negotiation,
atonement, mediate, bring together
to an agreement. ANTONYM: (n)
provocation
medicine: (n) drug, medication,
medicament, therapy, physic,
treatment, remedy, cathartic,
medical science, preparation; (v)
medicate
meditation: (n, v) contemplation,
study; (n) consideration, reflection,
deliberation, thought, introspection,
musing, rumination, conception,
reflexion. ANTONYM: (n)
distraction
meditations: (n) contemplation,
consideration, cogitation
medium: (adj, n) mediocre, mean;
(adj) intermediate, fair, mid; (n)
instrument, vehicle, atmosphere, go-
between, means, agency
melancholy: (adj, v) dreary; (adj, n)
gloom, melancholic; (adj) depressed,
dejected, dismal, gloomy, doleful;
(n, v) low spirits; (n) gloominess,
depression. ANTONYMS: (n)
happiness, cheerfulness,
hopefulness, optimism; (adj) happy,
bright, cheery, satisfied
memento: (n) keepsake, token,
souvenir, relic, remembrance,
remembrancer, trophy, monument,
reminiscence, trace; (v) memorabilia
memorable: (adj) extraordinary,
unforgettable, signal, eventful,
monumental, impressive,
noteworthy, momentous, striking,
catchy, lasting. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unremarkable, unfamiliar,
commonplace
mend: (adj, v) improve; (v) correct,
cure, heal, doctor, better, amend,
restore, convalesce; (n, v) fix, patch.
ANTONYMS: (v) worsen, tear,
smash, decline, deteriorate; (n)
fracture
mercy: (n) kindness, compassion,
pity, favor, leniency, pardon,
forgiveness, grace, charity,
humanity; (n, v) quarter.
ANTONYMS: (n) cruelty, harshness,
unkindness, severity, mercilessness,
ruthlessness, impatience,
inhumanity
mere: (adj, n) entire; (adj) bare,
simple, pure; (n) loch, tarn,
boundary, absolute; (n, v)
downright; (adv) merely; (adj, v)
Sense and Sensibility
clear
merit: (n, v) deserve; (adj, n)
excellence, worth, desert; (n) virtue,
credit, significance, value, goodness,
quality; (v) rate. ANTONYMS: (n)
demerit, disgrace, fault,
insignificance, mediocrity,
commonness
merited: (adj) deserved, just, suitable,
rightful, right, due; (v) due to, richly
deserved
meritorious: (adj) commendable,
laudable, deserving, estimable,
creditable, worthy, admirable,
excellent, praiseworthy, desertful,
meritable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
discreditable, worthless
merits: (n) qualities
merriment: (n) fun, amusement,
cheerfulness, hilarity, glee, jollity,
frolic, gaiety, happiness, festivity;
(adj, n) mirth. ANTONYMS: (n)
misery, gloom, seriousness,
despondency, boredom
merry: (adj) joyful, lively, cheerful,
glad, jolly, facetious, frolicsome,
lighthearted, festive; (adj, n)
convivial, jovial. ANTONYMS: (adj)
gloomy, miserable, serious, uptight
messages: (n) correspondence,
communication, post, letters
messenger: (n, v) herald; (n)
harbinger, runner, emissary, bearer,
ambassador, precursor, courier,
carrier, apostle, errand
metaphor: (n) figure of speech,
analogy, parable, simile, image,
trope, figure, fable, comparison,
symbol, metonymy
michaelmas: (n) Martinmas,
Michaelmas Day
midst: (adj, n) middle; (adv) mid,
between; (prep) among, amid; (n)
core, center, thick, interior, heart,
waist
midsummer: (n) summer, solstice,
June solstice, June
mighty: (adj) immense, huge, grand,
intense, high, big, forcible, strong,
large, great; (adj, adv) powerful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) puny, tiny,
weak, insignificant
mild: (adj, n) kindly, gracious; (adj)
easy, lenient, benign, docile,
humble, clement, sweet, balmy,
delicate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
extreme, pungent, spicy, sharp,
severe, scathing, incisive, hot,
powerful, great, passionate
mildness: (adj, n) gentleness,
kindness, benignity, compassion,
goodness; (n) lenity, mercy,
meekness, leniency, lenience,
tenderness. ANTONYMS: (n)
roughness, pungency
militate: (v) tell, contend, work, fight,
weigh, count, act upon
mindful: (adj) aware, attentive,
careful, observant, conscious,
heedful, considerate, cautious,
cognizant, regardful, thoughtful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unmindful,
heedless, inattentive, oblivious,
forgetful
mingle: (v) compound, combine,
merge, amalgamate, intermix, mix,
commingle, associate, confuse, join,
intermingle. ANTONYM: (v) part
miniature: (adj) tiny, diminutive,
slight, wee, small, minute, midget,
dwarf, teeny; (adj, n) model; (n) toy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) large, enormous,
giant, gigantic, big
minutely: (adv) precisely, in detail,
closely, tinily, smally,
insignificantly, infinitesimally,
diminutively, nicely, exactly,
microscopically
minuteness: (n) diminutiveness,
smallness, attention to detail,
petiteness, tininess, weeness
minutiae: (n) particulars, trivia, facts,
fine points, workings, consideration,
ins and outs, information; (adj)
small fry
miracle: (adj, n) wonder, prodigy; (n)
phenomenon, mystery,
wonderwork, surprise, sensation,
event, theurgy, astonishment,
amazement
mirth: (adj, n) merriment, jollity; (n)
amusement, happiness, delight, joy,
hilarity, cheerfulness, festivity,
gladness, exhilaration.
ANTONYMS: (n) gloom, sadness,
misery
misapplied: (adj) abusive, cheating,
fraudulent
misapprehension: (n) delusion,
mistake, misunderstanding, fallacy,
misconception, misinterpretation,
fault, misconstruction, misreading,
illusion, false impression.
ANTONYM: (n) fact
mischievous: (adj) bad, injurious,
detrimental, naughty, deleterious,
impish, harmful, playful, maleficent,
arch; (adj, v) hurtful. ANTONYMS:
(adj) harmless, serious
misconduct: (n) misdeed, crime,
wrongdoing, wrong, fault,
misdemeanor, malpractice; (adj, v)
mismanage; (v) mishandle,
misbehave; (n, v) sin

misconstruction: (n)
misinterpretation,
misunderstanding, misacceptation,
misconstrual, mistaking,
misconception, construction, error,
mistake, expression, misregard.
ANTONYMS: (n) fact, construction
miserable: (adj, v) forlorn, wretched,
unhappy; (adj) mean, low, abject,
deplorable, downcast, bad, desolate;
(adj, adv) meager. ANTONYMS:
(adj) happy, generous, cheerful,
cheery, bright, fortunate, hopeful,
jubilant, luxurious, overjoyed,
heavenly
misery: (adj, n) grief; (n, v) distress;
(n) affliction, agony, anguish, woe,
hardship, evil, ill, infelicity,
suffering. ANTONYMS: (n) joy,
ecstasy, cheerfulness, fun,
hopefulness, peace, contentment,
pleasure, wealth, sport, cheer
misfortune: (n) accident, hardship,
misadventure, disaster, calamity,
mischance, catastrophe, mishap, bad
luck, misery, affliction.
ANTONYMS: (n) joy, bonus,
opportunity, privilege, success,
happiness
misinformed: (adj) ignorant
misled: (adj) fooled, undirected, false,
bewildered, confused, erroneous,
mistaken, misleading, misdirected,
led astray, incorrect
mistaken: (adj) wrong, erroneous,
false, misguided, inaccurate,
fallacious, untrue, misleading,
confused, improper, error.
ANTONYMS: (adj) accurate, wise,
right
mistress: (n) dame, concubine,
madame, inamorata, lady, lover,
fancy woman, doxy, girl, kept
woman, missis
mistrust: (adj, n, v) distrust; (n, v)
doubt, query; (n) suspicion,
misgiving, disbelief, apprehension,
wariness; (v) suspect, disbelieve,
discredit. ANTONYM: (v) believe
misunderstood: (adj) mistreated,
confused
mixing: (n) mix, commixture,
admixture, mixed, compounding,
combination, amalgamation,
mixture, mingling, hybrid,
intermixture
moan: (n, v) grumble, gripe, whine,
lament, cry, howl; (v) bewail,
complain, mourn; (n) complaint,
lamentation. ANTONYMS: (v)
compliment; (n) praise
mode: (n) means, method, form, way,
Jane Austen
style, custom, condition, guise; (n, v)
manner, fashion, wise
moderate: (adj, v) temperate, calm;
(adj) abstemious, mild, middling; (v)
mitigate, lessen, allay, diminish,
curb; (adv, v) check. ANTONYMS:
(v) increase, intensify; (adj)
immoderate, radical, unrestrained,
speculative, strong, unreasonable,
great, intemperate, massive
moderation: (n) abstinence,
abstemiousness, moderateness,
abatement, measure, alleviation,
sobriety, patience, restraint,
soberness, easing. ANTONYMS: (n)
intemperance, overindulgence,
excess, increase, immoderation,
strength, extremism, indulgence,
impatience, harshness, abandon
modest: (adj) humble, lowly,
moderate, gentle, low, meek, chaste,
decent, unassuming; (adj, n) bashful,
diffident. ANTONYMS: (adj)
pretentious, arrogant, spectacular,
conceited, showy, proud, pompous,
elaborate, grand, conspicuous,
ostentatious
modesty: (n) reserve, bashfulness,
humility, diffidence, humbleness,
demureness, coyness, gentleness,
continence; (adj, n) decency,
honesty. ANTONYMS: (n)
arrogance, immodesty, spectacle,
flamboyance, abandon,
bigheadedness, pretension,
decadence, boldness
moiety: (n) mediety, portion, part,
parcel, section, piece, bit, division,
cut, class
momentary: (adj) brief, fugitive,
transient, short, instantaneous,
ephemeral, passing, momentaneous,
temporary, impermanent, temporal.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lasting, lengthy,
long
monkey: (n) imp, primate, scamp,
rascal, battering ram; (v) tinker,
meddle, tamper, trifle, cuckoo, echo
monopolize: (v) forestall, control,
absorb, consume, monopolise,
occupy, dominate, fill, exhaust, have
got; (adj) regrate
monstrous: (adj) huge, atrocious,
heinous, monster, immense,
gigantic, grievous, ugly, flagitious,
dreadful; (adj, v) grotesque.
ANTONYMS: (adj) tiny, minute,
beautiful, good, small, lovely,
attractive
moonlight: (adj, n) moonshine; (n)
moonbeam, moonglade, occupation,
lunation, lunar month, labor; (n, v)
433
work; (v) pilfer, do work; (adj)
moonshiny
morality: (n) ethics, goodness, virtue,
honesty, decency, integrity,
righteousness, chastity, behavior,
moral philosophy, rectitude.
ANTONYMS: (n) immorality,
decadence, wickedness, indecency
morrow: (n) morning, future, mean
solar day, day
mortified: (adj) humiliated,
embarrassed, abashed, gangrenous,
sheepish, chagrined, feeling shame,
feeling guilty, guilty, hangdog,
humbled. ANTONYM: (adj)
unabashed
mortify: (v) humble, disgrace, abase,
crush, embarrass, degrade, shame,
demean, depress; (n, v) chagrin;
(adj, v) confuse
mortifying: (adj) embarrassing,
demeaning, humbling, undignified,
off, awkward, unpleasant; (v)
annoying, aggravating, irritating,
stinging. ANTONYM: (adj)
dignified
morton: (n) Ferdinand Joseph LA
menthe Morton
mosquitoes: (n) crane flies,
Nematocera, gnats, fungus gnats,
Culicidae, suborder Nematocera,
family Culicidae
moss: (n) lichen, marsh, bog, morass,
marish, fen, bryophyte, quagmire,
swamp, Bryace; (adj) byssus
mother-in-law: (n) grandmother
motherly: (adj) tender, fatherly,
warm, sisterly, loving, affectionate;
(adv) maternally; (v) ardent, fond,
devoted, erotic. ANTONYM: (adj)
paternal
motionless: (adj) inactive, inert,
immobile, stationary, fixed,
unmoving, quiescent, dead, torpid;
(adj, adv) calm, at rest.
ANTONYMS: (adj) mobile, active,
alive, flowing
motive: (n, v) cause; (n) account,
incentive, impulse, inducement,
motif, motivation, incitement,
reason, subject; (v) aim.
ANTONYM: (n) disincentive
mounted: (adj) equestrian, mounting,
mounts, set, firm, affixed, decorated.
ANTONYM: (adj) unmounted
mourning: (n) lament, lamentation,
bereavement, gloom, woe,
memorial, sorrowfulness, sadness,
sorrow; (adj) grieving; (v) lamenting
muff: (n, v) blunder, mollycoddle,
slip; (v) bungle, botch, miss, flub,
muck up, bobble, fail, spoil
 434
mulberry: (n) leaves are used to feed
silkworms, blackberry, mulberry
harbour, berry, black mulberry,
bramble, fruit tree, multiple fruit
musical: (adj) harmonious, melodic,
sweet, canorous, tuneful, dulcet,
mellifluous, pleasing, lyrical; (n)
musical comedy, music.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unmusical,
grating, harsh, inharmonious,
unmelodious
muslin: (v) linen, cloth; (n)
mousseline, organdy, cambric,
crash, fabric, nainsook, organdie
muttered: (adj) garbled, incoherent,
broken, inarticulate
mutton: (n) lamb, em, mouton, mut,
sheep, pork, red meat, white meat,
beef, area unit; (v) pilot bread
mutual: (adj) common, communal,
joint, bilateral, collective, public,
united, concerted, shared, alternate;
(adv) mutually. ANTONYMS: (adj)
individual, unilateral, private,
solitary
mutually: (adv) jointly, commonly,
together, mutual, collectively,
publically, unitedly, publicly,
bilaterally, communally, sharedly.
ANTONYM: (adv) alone
mysterious: (adj) inscrutable,
incomprehensible, deep, eerie,
inexplicable, obscure, abstruse, dark,
cryptic, secret, arcane. ANTONYMS:
(adj) known, apparent, normal,
open, explicable, facile, obvious,
simple, legible, familiar, transparent
mysteriously: (adv) enigmatically,
strangely, obscurely, secretly,
uncannily, mystically, darkly,
puzzlingly, weirdly, abstrusely,
occultly. ANTONYM: (adv)
normally
mystery: (n) arcanum, enigma,
mysteriousness, secrecy, puzzle,
craft, perplexity, poser,
inscrutability, whodunit; (adj, n)
secret. ANTONYMS: (n)
explanation, openness
named: (adj, v) called; (adj)
nominative, nominal, chosen,
appointed, nominated, designated,
titled, specified; (v) benempt,
ycleped
nameless: (adj) unknown, unnamed,
unidentified, unsung,
undistinguished, unspecified,
inexpressible, strange, indescribable,
obscure, unspeakable. ANTONYM:
(adj) famous
naming: (n) appointment,
identification, denomination,
Sense and Sensibility
appellation, nomination, indication,
delegacy, assignment, mention; (adj,
n) appellative; (adj) designating
nancy: (n) Nanchang
narration: (n) description, recital,
narrative, explanation, history, tale,
report, relation, story, recitation,
rehearsal
narrator: (n) teller, speaker, fabulist,
anecdotist, narrators, talker,
lecturer, narrater, orator, relator,
raconteur
narrowly: (adv) closely, barely,
hardly, strictly, slenderly, tightly,
smally, contractly, slimly, precisely,
nearly. ANTONYMS: (adv) broadly,
inaccurately
narrow-minded: (adj) narrow, petty,
bigoted, provincial, stuffy, fanatical,
dogmatic, selfish, sectarian, rabid,
conventional
nasty: (adj) dirty, foul, filthy,
disgusting, awful, mean, repulsive,
raw, hurtful, coarse; (adj, n)
obnoxious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
agreeable, pleasant, nice, charitable,
lovely, delightful, friendly, tasty,
charming, safe, respectful
navy: (n) armada, flotilla, dark blue,
naval forces, army, Air Force, navy
blue, wooden walls, squadron,
argosy; (adj, n) blue
nearer: (adj) adjacent, narre, hither;
(adv) more rapidly, sooner, quicker,
nigher, NER, faster, earlier, Neer
nearest: (adj) proximate, immediate,
close, near, next, adjoining, intimate,
direct, adjacent; (adj, adv) nighest;
(adv) fore. ANTONYM: (adj) distant
neat: (adj) elegant, tidy, clear, natty,
graceful, dainty, pretty, clever, pure,
straight, nifty. ANTONYMS: (adj)
messy, scruffy, unkempt, clumsy,
disordered, disorderly, diluted,
large, lax, impulsive, loose
necessity: (n) demand, need, lack,
exigency, essential, compulsion,
emergency, distress, must,
constraint, necessary. ANTONYMS:
(n) inessential, treat, unimportance,
luxury
needle: (v) irritate, goad, sting, rile,
gall, aggravate, nag; (n) injection,
pointer, awl, plunger
needless: (adj, v) unnecessary,
superfluous; (adj) futile,
dispensable, bootless, excessive,
preventable, meaningless, pointless,
wanton, unavailing. ANTONYMS:
(adj) essential, worthwhile,
inevitable, justifiable
neglect: (n, v) disregard, slight,
default; (v) ignore, fail, overlook,
miss, forget, drop; (n) carelessness,
omission. ANTONYMS: (n)
development, surveillance, caution,
affection, cherish; (v) do, protect,
complete, remember, heed; (n, v)
care
neglected: (adj) dilapidated,
disregarded, ignored, deserted,
derelict, forsaken, obsolete,
antiquated, antique, shabby,
unnoticed. ANTONYM: (adj)
salubrious
negligence: (n) carelessness,
disregard, dereliction, inattention,
indifference, delinquency,
heedlessness, neglectfulness, laches,
inattentiveness, laxity.
ANTONYMS: (n) attention,
diligence, vigilance, caution,
carefulness, concern, exactness,
thoughtfulness, regard, decency,
concentration
negligent: (adj) neglectful, heedless,
forgetful, reckless, inattentive,
inadvertent, indifferent, slow, lax,
untidy; (adj, v) remiss.
ANTONYMS: (adj) strict, diligent,
conscientious, careful, dutiful,
prompt, prudent, responsible,
sensible, cautious
negotiation: (n) parley, alienation,
bargain, transaction, conference,
diplomacy, arbitration, consultation,
dealing, bargaining, talks.
ANTONYMS: (n) confrontation,
provocation
neighbour: (adj) neighboring,
neighbouring, neighborly, adjacent,
contiguous; (v) abut, populate,
adjoin, butt on, butt against; (n)
neighbourhood
neighbourhood: (n) neighborhood,
adjacency, locality, near, nearness,
proximity, place, community, street,
vicinity, nearby
neighbouring: (adj) adjoining,
contiguous, vicinal, abutting; (v)
adjoin
neighbourly: (adj) amicable, friendly,
gracious, obliging, attentive, benign,
courteous, complaisant, helpful;
(adv) neighboringly
nephew: (n) aunt, grandnephew,
brother's son, niece, cousin, uncle,
kinsman
nerve: (n) cheek, audacity, boldness,
brass, impudence, heart, mettle,
daring, courage, face, fortitude.
ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice,
timidity, reticence, respect
nerves: (n) nervousness, jitters,

jumpiness, jitteriness, restlessness,
tension, strain, screaming meemies,
apprehension, edginess, extreme
nervousness. ANTONYM: (n) calm
nervous: (adj) anxious, excitable,
afraid, uneasy, shy, fearful,
apprehensive, firm; (adj, v) tense;
(adj, adv) cowardly, excited.
ANTONYMS: (adj) brave, relaxed,
bold, composed, confident, fearless,
untroubled, unflappable, still,
unconcerned, carefree
newly: (adv) freshly, recently, lately,
new, late, novelly, unusedly, anew,
fresh; (adj, adv) afresh; (adj) recent
newness: (n) freshness, recency,
originality, innovation,
inexperience, new, uniqueness, age,
novity, recentness, new state.
ANTONYMS: (n) mustiness, oldness
newton: (n) due north, sir Isaac
newton, Isaac newton
nicety: (n) detail, exactness,
fastidiousness, nuance, refinement,
exactitude, justness, precision,
correctness, daintiness, elegance
niece: (n) grandniece, aunt, brother's
daughter, uncle, kinswoman
niggardly: (adj) mean, stingy,
closefisted, parsimonious, grudging,
close, near, skimpy, miserable,
penurious; (adj, v) avaricious.
ANTONYM: (adj) graceful
nights: (adj) nightly; (n) night
ninny: (n) idiot, nincompoop, sap,
noodle, poop, booby, moron, gawk,
dunce, tomfool, ass
noble: (adj, n) grand, glorious,
patrician; (adj) imposing,
impressive, elevated, majestic,
generous, high; (adj, v) dignified,
great. ANTONYMS: (adj) shameful,
humble, dishonorable, lowly,
lowborn, disgraceful, unimpressive,
ignoble, modest, petty; (n) lady
nobleman: (n) patrician, aristocrat,
lord, peer, marquis, nobility,
grandee, baron, duke, armiger,
burgrave
nobly: (adv) generously,
magnificently, grandly, greatly,
splendidly, honorably, heroically,
aristocratically, bravely,
magnanimously, courageously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) immorally,
poorly, timidly
nodding: (adj) cernuous, drooping,
dozy, dozing, somnolent, drugged,
pendulous, drowsing, droopy,
annuent, flagging. ANTONYM: (adj)
awake
noisy: (adj) boisterous, loud,
Jane Austen
vociferous, clamorous, turbulent,
tumultuous, strident, blatant, shrill,
rowdy, vocal. ANTONYMS: (adj)
silent, peaceful, tranquil, calm,
noiseless, soft, restrained, placid,
orderly, gentle
nominal: (adj) formal, token,
minimal, minimum, nominative,
negligible, imperceptible,
inconsiderable, symbolic; (v)
cognominal, orismological.
ANTONYMS: (adj) significant,
substantial, great, actual
nonsense: (n) bosh, absurdity,
humbug, balderdash, foolishness,
drivel, folderol, baloney, falderal,
jargon, claptrap. ANTONYMS: (n)
sense, wisdom, substance, fact
nonsensical: (adj) meaningless,
absurd, ludicrous, irrational, foolish,
pointless, ridiculous, silly,
preposterous, farcical, insensate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible,
worthwhile
noon: (n) high noon, noonday,
noontide, afternoon, hour,
dinnertime, crest, twelve noon; (adj)
meridian, meridional; (adj, n)
culmination
northward: (adj, adv) north; (adj)
northbound; (adv) northerly,
northwards, in the north, to the
north
noticing: (n) observation, look; (adj)
conscious
notions: (n) belief, thinking, thought,
sundries, opinion, concept, ideas,
ribbon, philosophy, odds and ends;
(adj) irrational
nought: (adj, n) nil, naught, zero; (n)
cipher, cypher, nobody, aught, nix,
null, nada; (adj) no
nourishment: (n) food, alimentation,
meal, meat, diet, feeding, nutrition,
repast, sustenance, edible, fuel
novel: (adj) fresh, curious, modern,
unprecedented, different, original,
newfangled, recent, strange; (n)
fiction, romance. ANTONYMS: (adj)
traditional, hackneyed, stale,
unoriginal, familiar
novelty: (adj) news; (n) freshness,
mutation, newness, trinket,
curiosity, originality, oddity, bauble;
(n, v) change, difference
nuisance: (adj, n) annoyance; (n)
harassment, irritation, pain, pest,
hassle, inconvenience, mischief,
irritant, plague, pain in the neck.
ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, help,
delight, blessing, balm, advantage,
satisfaction, ease
435
nurse: (n, v) nourish, nurture; (v)
look after, entertain, attend, cherish,
lactate, harbor, foster, cultivate,
cradle
nursing: (n) attention, tending, care,
breast feeding, treatment, nurture,
suckling, nurse, feeding, treat,
rearing
oath: (n) expletive, malediction,
imprecation, promise, affidavit,
cuss, swearing, pledge, assurance,
asseveration; (v) swear
obedient: (adj) submissive,
compliant, good, conformable, tame,
acquiescent, dutiful, meek, biddable,
amenable, subservient.
ANTONYMS: (adj) defiant,
assertive, rebellious, crooked,
intractable, naughty, wild, resistant
obey: (v) comply, listen, keep, fulfill,
hear, conform, abide by, serve,
comply with; (n, v) mind, heed.
ANTONYMS: (v) disobey, defy,
break, transgress, infringe,
challenge, deny
objection: (n) dissent, complaint,
grievance, exception, gripe,
disagreement, outcry, difficulty,
expostulation, disapproval,
criticism. ANTONYMS: (n)
approval, agreement, praise,
acceptance
obligation: (n) debt, bond, duty,
liability, commitment, charge,
burden, responsibility, onus,
necessity, requirement.
ANTONYMS: (n) option, persuasion
oblige: (v) coerce, force, drive,
constrain, make, bind,
accommodate, obligate, necessitate,
enforce, impel. ANTONYMS: (v)
displease, request, hinder
obliged: (adj) grateful, thankful,
appreciative, forced, accountable,
compelled; (adj, v) bound, under
obligation; (adj, prep) indebted; (v)
oblige, binding. ANTONYM: (adj)
ungrateful
obliging: (adj, v) complaisant,
courteous; (adj) amiable, affable,
gentle, kind, good, benign, pleasant,
gracious, compliant. ANTONYMS:
(adj) uncooperative, unkind,
contrary, reticent
obligingly: (adv) accommodatingly,
attentively, courteously, kindly,
thoughtfully, gentlely,
cooperatively, helpfully, benignly,
goodly, pleasantly. ANTONYM:
(adv) uncooperatively
observable: (adj, adv) noticeable,
perceptible; (adj) discernible,
 436
apparent, appreciable, visible,
evident, noteworthy, notable,
detectable, remarkable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) hidden,
imperceptible, invisible
observant: (adj) mindful, watchful,
alert, cautious, circumspect, careful,
aware, heedful, vigilant, awake,
keen. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unobservant, dreaming, insensitive,
unprepared, oblivious
observation: (adj, n) observance; (n)
remark, comment, attention,
contemplation, perception,
conception; (n, v) inspection, notice,
note, consideration. ANTONYMS:
(n) disregard, omission, neglect
observations: (n) commentary,
remarks, explanation, comments
observe: (n, v) comment, notice, note;
(v) commemorate, mind, guard,
mention, mark, see, discover; (int, v)
look. ANTONYMS: (v) feel,
disregard, break, overlook, disobey,
disrespect, Miss, violate
observer: (n) bystander, spectator,
witness, viewer, watcher,
eyewitness, onlooker, commentator,
student, spotter, finder.
ANTONYM: (n) participant
observing: (adj) observant, mindful,
watchful, commemorative,
conscious, observative, perceptive,
thoughtful; (n) investigation
obstacle: (n, v) hindrance, difficulty,
block, check, interruption, delay; (n)
drawback, barrier, hitch,
obstruction, bar. ANTONYMS: (n)
asset, aid, advantage, boost,
incentive
obstinacy: (n) stubbornness,
firmness, bullheadedness,
determination, contumacy,
mulishness, impenitence, resolve,
resoluteness, impenitency,
pertinacity. ANTONYMS: (n)
cooperation, compliance
obstinate: (adj) obdurate, inflexible,
intractable, determined, inveterate,
disobedient, willful, stubborn,
contrary, wayward, dogged.
ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible,
amenable, irresolute, cooperative,
easygoing, docile, biddable,
agreeable, accommodating,
malleable, gentle
obstructed: (adj) blind, blocked,
congested, impeded, impedite,
foiled, tight, thwarted, stymied,
frustrated, impassable. ANTONYM:
(adj) unobstructed
obtaining: (n) acceptance, capture,
Sense and Sensibility
collection; (adj) adeption, dominant
obviating: (adj) going before,
preventive
occasional: (adj) accidental, irregular,
incidental, infrequent, episodic,
intermittent, fortuitous,
adventitious, contingent, rare, odd.
ANTONYMS: (adj) frequent,
recurrent, addicted, regular,
common, continuous
occupation: (n) occupancy, business,
craft, calling, job, place, vocation,
career, function, line; (n, v) affair.
ANTONYM: (n) surrender
occupied: (adj) busy, engaged,
employed, diligent, active,
absorbed, engrossed, working,
industrious, affianced, betrothed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) empty, vacant,
uninhabited, available, free, idle,
liberated, unoccupied
occupy: (v) have, engross, get,
invade, employ, possess, inhabit,
absorb; (n, v) engage, entertain; (adj,
v) fill. ANTONYMS: (v) abandon,
bore, quit, surrender, vacate, desert,
remove
occurrence: (n) case, event, occasion,
accident, instance, circumstance,
happening, contingency, affair, fact;
(n, v) incident
odious: (adj, v) hateful, obnoxious;
(adj) detestable, hideous, nasty,
execrable, disgusting, abhorrent,
abominable, heinous, forbidding.
ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant,
delightful, agreeable, lovable, nice
offend: (v) irritate, affront, insult,
contravene, injure, disgust, infringe,
displease, abuse, wound, anger.
ANTONYMS: (v) please, delight,
praise, attract
offended: (adj) angry, affronted,
aggrieved, pained, wronged,
annoyed, insulted, shocked, vexed,
resentful, injured. ANTONYMS:
(adj) indifferent, proud,
unconcerned
offending: (adj) opprobrious,
criminal, aberrant, guilty,
delinquent, antisocial, scurrilous,
errant
officious: (adj, v) meddlesome; (adj)
busy, interfering, meddling,
obtrusive, impertinent, pragmatical,
busybodied, overbearing, nosy; (v)
pushing. ANTONYM: (adj) meek
officiously: (adv) meddlesomely,
overbearingly, busily, impertinently,
meddlingly, bossily, intrusively,
obtrusively, imperiously, rudely,
dictatorially
offspring: (n, v) issue, breed, brood;
(n) progeny, family, children, child,
successor, lineage, young; (v) fruit.
ANTONYM: (n) parent
oldest: (n) elder, doyen; (adj) older
old-fashioned: (adj) obsolete,
antiquated, archaic, outmoded,
outdated, ancient, old, musty, corny,
behind the times, superannuated
omitted: (adj) absent, forgotten,
misplaced, wanting, not there,
away, gone astray, lost, mislaid,
gone
oneself: (n) herself, himself,
themselves, personal, private,
selfness, self, yourself, me, person,
own
openly: (adv) frankly, publicly,
clearly, candidly, directly,
straightforwardly, evidently,
publically, plainly, outspokenly;
(adj, adv) manifestly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) furtively, secretively,
clandestinely, mysteriously,
ambiguously, reticently, covertly,
discreetly, affectedly, craftily,
deceitfully
openness: (n) honesty, frankness,
freedom, sincerity, candor,
sociability, truth, forthrightness,
exposure, receptivity, convenience.
ANTONYMS: (n) furtiveness,
hostility, secretiveness, reserve,
dishonesty, confidentiality,
closeness, caginess, resistance,
reticence, caution
opera: (n) opera house, bouffe,
drama, or movie script, opera
bouffe, operetta, theater, script,
dramatic work, dramatic
composition, theatre
oppose: (v) contest, contend, resist,
contradict, controvert, contravene,
counteract, fight, counter, disagree,
dissent. ANTONYMS: (v) advocate,
agree, back, advise, promote, accept,
submit, encourage, correspond,
approve, favor
opposed: (adj) conflicting, hostile,
contrary, antagonistic, adverse,
contrasted, repugnant, averse,
irreconcilable, incompatible; (adj, v)
opposing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
sympathetic, compatible,
unopposed, similar, favorable,
eager, agreeable, inclined, friendly
oppressed: (adj) laden, persecuted,
broken, burdened, drawn, gloomy,
aggrieved, downcast, heavy,
ladened, loaded
oppression: (n, v) hardship,
grievance; (n) injustice, despotism,

weight, stress, doldrums; (adj, n)
abuse, tyranny, dictatorship,
autocracy. ANTONYMS: (n)
democracy, ease, freedom, liberty
orator: (n) elocutionist, speechmaker,
speaker, lecturer, Cicero, speechifier,
demagog, demagogue, eulogist; (v)
oratrix, oratress
ordained: (adj) destined, prescribed,
appointed, predestined, fated,
preordained, meant, legal, lawful,
dedicated, inevitable
ordination: (n) ordinance, order,
assignment, consecration,
designation, institution, holy orders,
induction, installation, ordering,
reading in
origin: (n, v) lineage; (n) birth,
beginning, descent, base, source,
well, commencement, extraction,
derivation, foundation.
ANTONYMS: (n) demise,
conclusion, culmination, effect
ornament: (n) decoration, adornment,
embellishment, decor; (v) beautify,
decorate, deck, embellish, adorn; (n,
v) garnish, dress. ANTONYM: (v)
strip
ornamented: (adj) embellished,
beautified, fancy, flowery, ornate,
adorned, bedecked, decked,
festooned, feathered, florid
ornaments: (n) stuff, trim,
ornamentation, equipments, dress,
disposition, custom, curios,
condition, clothing, gaudery
orphan: (n) waif, caterpillar, nymph,
nympha, cocoon, Aurelia, tyke,
staddle, youngster, shaver; (adj)
orphaned
outdone: (adj) beaten, vanquished,
worsted, defeated; (v) outdo
outraged: (adj) angry, incensed, livid,
enraged, mad, cross, annoyed,
perverted, umbrageous, beside
yourself, scandalized. ANTONYMS:
(adj) calm, indifferent
outrun: (v) surpass, outdo, exceed,
outride, outstep, outleap, outjump,
outgo, outdistance, beat, distance
outstretched: (adj) extended, lengthy,
flat, open, unfolded, stretched,
broad, wiredrawn, wide, long
outward: (adj) external, apparent,
extrinsic, outer, superficial, surface,
outside, ostensible, foreign, outdoor;
(adv) out. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv)
inward; (adj) inner, internal, deep
outwardly: (adv) exteriorly,
superficially, apparently, outside,
seemingly, without, ostensibly,
evidently, extrinsically, outerly,
Jane Austen
outsidely. ANTONYMS: (adv)
internally, underneath
outweigh: (v) preponderate,
overshadow, overbalance,
counterbalance, outstrip,
predominate, exceed, prevail,
surpass, outmatch; (adj) outdo
overcome: (v) crush, subdue, beat,
vanquish, overpower, master,
defeat, hurdle, get over, overwhelm;
(adj) beaten. ANTONYMS: (v) fail,
lose, comfort, protect, resist,
surrender, capitulate; (adj)
unimpressed
overcoming: (adj) fortunate
overlook: (v) disregard, excuse, omit,
ignore, forget, fail, command,
dominate, oversee, control, miss.
ANTONYMS: (v) remember, notice,
spot, acknowledge, see, accept,
punish
overlooked: (adj) ignored, neglected,
unobserved, unnoted, unmarked
overpowered: (adj) beaten,
conquered, inundated, engulfed,
flooded, routed, vanquished,
subdued, subjugated, overflowing,
mild
overpowering: (adj) overwhelming,
oppressive, resistless, compelling,
intense, heavy, strong, onerous,
devastating, uncontrollable,
depressing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
light, subtle, imperceptible,
insignificant, shallow, weak, faint,
bland
overspreading: (adj) overhanging; (n)
ripple effect, suffusion
owed: (adj) due, outstanding, unpaid,
payable, deserved, fitting; (v) ought,
behoove, owned, possessed; (n)
aught. ANTONYM: (adj) paid
owned: (v) owed, ought; (adj) own,
proprietary; (n) aught
owning: (n) admission, avowal,
confession, courteous recognition,
acknowledgment
pace: (n, v) walk, gait, rate, march,
stride, footstep; (n) speed, tempo,
rapidity, tread, celerity
pacified: (adj) appeased
packages: (n) correspondence,
freight, letters
packed: (adj) full, compact, filled,
jammed, overcrowded, crammed,
dense, thick, congested, teeming,
cramped. ANTONYMS: (adj)
deserted, loose, open
pained: (adj) offended, aggrieved,
distressed, displeased, sore, grieved,
miserable, injured, wounded,
worried, upset. ANTONYM: (adj)
437
unaffected
painful: (adj) hard, difficult, sharp,
harrowing, grievous, afflictive, bad,
irritating; (adj, v) distressing, harsh,
bitter. ANTONYMS: (adj) content,
heartwarming, soothing,
comfortable, bearable, agreeable,
effortless, dull, slight, wonderful,
happy
painfully: (adv) sorely, grievously,
distressingly, severely, tenderly,
badly, agonizingly, laboriously,
sadly, bitterly, poignantly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) easily, tolerably
pains: (n) nisus, labor, trouble, effort,
exertion, labour, pain, care, struggle,
attempt, strain
paint: (n, v) color, tint; (v) daub, coat,
decorate, varnish, depict, enamel,
lacquer, apply; (n) painting
painted: (adj) colored, dyed,
coloured, motley, stained, tinted,
variegated, particoloured,
delineated, graphic; (v) depaint.
ANTONYM: (adj) unpainted
painter: (n) artist, colorist,
landscapist, impressionist,
miniaturist, dauber, halser, Felis
concolor, guy, cable, hawser
paleness: (adj, n) pallor; (n)
pallidness, wanness, whiteness,
achromasia, blondness, lividity,
luridness, lividness, fairness, pale.
ANTONYM: (n) strength
pall: (v) cloy, tire, jade, fatigue; (n)
curtain, coffin, shroud, cloak,
cerement, mantle; (adj, v) disgust
palm: (n) medal, decoration, prize,
palm tree, victory, thenar, laurel
wreath; (v) filch, cabbage, rob; (adj)
totipalmate
palmer: (n) lay brother, monk,
nomad, mendicant, Gypsy, hadji,
friar, beadsman, bohemian,
cenobite, conventual
pang: (n) pain, torture, ache, agony,
twinge, affliction, sting, stab,
distress, ailment, cramp
pangs: (n) anguish, compunction,
contrition, distress
panting: (adj) gasping, breathless,
blown, winded, puffed; (v)
palpitation; (n) heaving, gasp,
asthma, heave, puff
paragraph: (n, v) clause, passage; (n)
item, section, chapter, head,
sentence, piece, part, division, count
parcels: (n) post, correspondence,
baggage, appurtenances, letters
pardon: (v) excuse, condone, forgive,
acquit, spare; (n) amnesty,
forgiveness, grace; (adj, v) justify,
 438
exonerate, exculpate. ANTONYMS:
(n, v) blame; (v) punish, castigate,
condemn, convict; (n) intolerance
pardonable: (adj, v) defensible; (adj)
forgivable, justifiable, venial,
remissible, allowed, not heinous,
understandable, veniable,
explicable. ANTONYM: (adj)
unpardonable
parlors: (n) parlour
parlour: (n) living room, parlor,
sitting room, front room,
livingroom, room to meet guests,
parlours, parlors, salon, reception
room, room
parsonage: (n) vicarage, rectory,
residence, habitation, glebe house,
glebe, dwelling house, dwelling,
domicile, deanery, church house
parted: (adj) divided, separate,
distributed, separated, divisible,
disunited, compounder, compound,
dividable
partial: (adj) imperfect, fragmentary,
unfair, sectional, inequitable, biased,
part, one-sided, unequal, fractional,
halfway. ANTONYMS: (adj)
complete, impartial, total, absolute,
comprehensive, unbiased, fair,
finished, just, whole, balanced
partiality: (n) favor, fondness,
leaning, fancy, favour, predilection,
liking, prejudice, favoritism, bias,
affection. ANTONYMS: (n)
impartiality, fairness, indifference,
horror, antipathy
particularity: (n) idiosyncrasy,
individuality, peculiarity,
distinctiveness, speciality, specialty,
feature, distinction, characteristic,
nicety, attribute
particulars: (n) specification, data,
nicety, minutiae, terms,
consideration, workings, fine points,
ins and outs
parting: (n) adieu, division, leave,
departure, disunion, goodbye,
leaving, segregation, dying, rupture;
(adj) valedictory. ANTONYMS: (n)
joining, meeting, connection,
Reunion
passion: (n) affection, fire, fervor,
love, feeling, anger, enthusiasm,
heat, craving, desire; (n, v) ardor.
ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, hate,
serenity, meekness, hatred, doubt,
dislike, calmness, moderation
passionate: (adj, v) ardent,
impetuous; (adj) hot, excited,
burning, angry, fervent, fierce,
animated, earnest; (adj, adv) fiery.
ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, mild,
Sense and Sensibility
passionless, unenthusiastic, cold,
calm, halfhearted, cool, lukewarm,
weak, uninterested
passionately: (adv) fervently,
vehemently, violently, fiercely,
eagerly, zealously, fervidly, fierily,
enthusiastically, heatedly, stormily.
ANTONYMS: (adv) mildly,
apathetically, calmly, halfheartedly,
impassively, jokingly, gently
pasturage: (n) grass, herbage,
meadow, mead, grazing, eatage, lea,
grassland, grazing land, food; (n, v)
forage
pasture: (v) graze, browse, crop; (n)
grass, grazing land, pasturage, field,
ley, lea; (n, v) feed, forage
patience: (n) endurance, fortitude,
longanimity, equanimity, tolerance,
resignation, restraint, composure,
sufferance; (n, v) moderation,
calmness. ANTONYMS: (n)
impatience, eagerness, intolerance,
annoyance
patron: (n) backer, advocate, friend,
defender, customer, client, helper,
sponsor, benefactor, frequenter,
supporter. ANTONYM: (n)
detractor
patronage: (n) condescension, aegis,
clientele, favor, trade, backing,
assistance, countenance, auspices,
aid, championship
patroness: (n) supporter, sponsor,
benefactress, support, donor, fairy
godmother
pause: (n, v) halt, interruption,
adjournment, delay, respite, stop;
(adj, n, v) rest; (n) intermission, gap;
(adj, v) discontinue; (v) hesitate.
ANTONYMS: (n) decisiveness,
continuation, start; (v) proceed
pearls: (n) beads, jewelry, jewellery
peculiar: (adj) particular, odd,
exceptional, different, extraordinary,
curious, eccentric, characteristic,
anomalous, abnormal, distinctive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) normal, typical,
common, universal, explicable,
conventional
peculiarly: (adj, adv) particularly,
curiously, unusually, uncommonly,
singularly; (adv) especially, oddly,
strangely, specifically, weirdly,
specially. ANTONYMS: (adv)
typically, ordinarily, slightly
pecuniary: (adj) financial, fiscal,
commercial, economic, nummulary,
sumptuary, numismatical, pecunial,
crumenal
pencil: (n) beam, Pleiades, gleam,
light, group, cluster; (v) brush,
draw, design, paint, limn draw
penetrate: (v) bore, imbue, fathom,
infiltrate, pierce, permeate, cut,
filter, interpenetrate, get through,
enter
penetration: (n, v) intelligence,
discernment, discrimination,
judgment; (adj, n) acumen; (n)
incursion, acuteness, entrance,
interpenetration, invasion,
breakthrough. ANTONYM: (n)
foolishness
penitence: (n) penance, compunction,
regret, contrition, remorse, rue,
sorrow, atonement, grief, expiation,
contriteness
penitent: (adj) contrite, apologetic,
sorry, remorseful, regretful, guilty,
sorrowful, rueful, penitential; (n)
flagellant, religionist. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unrepentant, impenitent,
unashamed, unremorseful
penury: (n, v) need, destitution, lack,
want, deficiency; (n) poverty,
distress, beggary, pauperism,
dearth, scarcity. ANTONYMS: (n)
wealth, affluence, luxury
perceive: (v) comprehend,
apprehend, discover, see, grasp,
find, know, observe, sense,
appreciate; (adj, v) discern.
ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, observe,
ignore
perceived: (adj) sensed, apparent,
supposed, professed, ostensible
perceiving: (n) feeling, sensing,
hearing, looking at, recognition,
thought, vision, lipreading; (adj)
conscious, percipient, reasonable
perceptible: (adj) conspicuous,
appreciable, evident, discernible,
obvious, visible, palpable, apparent,
detectable, manifest, observable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) intangible,
unclear, inaudible, inconspicuous,
obscure, undetectable, invisible
perfection: (n) maturity, ideal,
consummation, paragon,
completeness, finish, completion,
crown, flawlessness, development,
ne plus ultra. ANTONYMS: (n)
imperfection, fault, abandonment,
ugliness, deterioration
performed: (adj, v) done, finished;
(adj) fulfilled
performing: (n) impersonation,
byplay, enactment, hamming,
business, implementation,
executing, performance, activity; (v)
perform, execute
permit: (adj, n, v) give, allow,
consent; (adj, v) grant; (n, v) license,

leave; (v) admit, let, bear; (n) licence,
permission. ANTONYMS: (n, v)
ban; (v) prevent, prohibit, stop,
refuse, veto, outlaw, disagree, debar,
bar; (n) prohibition
permitted: (adj) allowed, permissible,
allowable, admissible, lawful, free,
approved, legitimate, legal,
legalized, venial. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unlawful, constrained
permitting: (adj) lenient, permitted
perpetual: (adj) incessant, continual,
constant, endless, eternal,
everlasting, lasting, ceaseless,
immortal, continuous, perennial.
ANTONYMS: (adj) temporary,
intermittent, transitory, mortal,
unstable, finite, inconstant,
occasional, sporadic
perplexed: (adj) confused, puzzled,
baffled, confounded, doubtful,
distracted, disconcerted; (adj, v)
intricate, complicated, lost,
involved. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unperplexed, assured, clear,
knowing
perplexity: (n) confusion, dilemma,
bewilderment, maze, labyrinth,
embarrassment, quandary,
complication, enigma; (adj, n)
difficulty, distress. ANTONYM: (n)
understanding
persecution: (adj, n) annoyance; (n)
harassment, torture, maltreatment,
subjugation, hurt, nuisance, cruelty;
(adj) molestation, intolerance, abuse
perseverance: (n) endurance,
tenacity, resolution, constancy,
fortitude, assiduity, industry,
doggedness, firmness, persistence,
determination. ANTONYMS: (n)
vacillation, cowardice, indecision,
indifference
persevering: (adj) diligent, firm,
determined, constant, resolute,
dogged, persistent, tenacious,
steadfast, industrious, insistent.
ANTONYM: (adj) irresolute
persisting: (adj) abiding, lasting,
constant, continual, enduring,
living, inveterate, dogging, diligent,
continuous; (v) persist
personally: (adv) privately, in
person, intimately, directly,
specially, confidentially, secretly,
self, oneself, subjectively,
particularly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
impersonally, indirectly, objectively,
collectively, distantly, generally,
universally
persuade: (v) convince, coax, assure,
allure, entice, influence, induce,
Jane Austen
cajole, argue, exhort, lure.
ANTONYMS: (v) discourage,
dissuade, deter, restrain, force
persuaded: (adj) sure, satisfied, easily
affected, impressible, positive,
delicate, sensible, intelligent, certain,
in no doubt, definite. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unsure, uncertain
persuasion: (n) belief, opinion, faith,
inducement, creed, idea,
exhortation, enticement, view,
sentiment; (adj, n) conviction.
ANTONYMS: (n) force, punishment,
dissuasion
perturbation: (n) commotion,
agitation, fuss, emotion, excitement,
confusion, dislocation,
discomposure, interruption; (adj, n,
v) trepidation; (adj, n) flutter
perusal: (n) examination, scrutiny,
study, survey, inspection, poring
over, studying, literary scholarship,
perusing, lection, look
perverseness: (n) perversity,
cussedness, unruliness, wilfulness,
willfulness, contumacy, obliquity,
degeneracy, depravity, deliberate
unruliness, crotchetiness
petty: (adj) insignificant, trivial, little,
frivolous, paltry, puny, negligible,
light, mean, minute, exiguous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) important,
serious, generous, profound,
significant, expansive, crucial,
considerable, broadminded,
enormous
philanthropic: (adj) benevolent,
charitable, humanitarian, humane,
kind, eleemosynary, generous,
beneficent, kindly, munificent, good.
ANTONYMS: (adj) selfish, miserly,
nasty, mean
philippic: (n) diatribe, broadside,
harangue, bill, broadsheet,
denouncement, denunciation, flier,
flyer, fulmination, handbill
philosophic: (v) platonic, staid,
stayed, stoical; (adj) thoughtful,
rational, patient, learned, ideologic,
ideological. ANTONYM: (adj)
nonphilosophical
phrase: (v) formulate, couch, put,
articulate; (n) expression, idiom,
diction, speech, passage, locution;
(n, v) word
piano: (adj) soft, gentle, indulgent,
lax; (n) grand piano, pianissimo,
softness, upright piano, mechanical
piano; (adv) quietly, gently
pianoforte: (n) grand piano,
pianissimo, percussive instrument,
mechanical piano, percussion
439
instrument
pictured: (adj) envisioned, portrayed,
graphic, delineate, delineated,
impictured, unreal, visualised,
visualized, impressed
picturesque: (adj, v) pictorial; (adj)
beautiful, striking, colorful, idyllic,
scenic, vivid, quaint, lovely,
romantic, colourful. ANTONYMS:
(adj) drab, dull, ugly, unattractive,
modern
pillow: (v) rest, breathe, lie, not
move; (adj) wadding; (n) throw
pillow, Wanger, bed pillow, feather
bed, long pillow, padding
pimples: (n) acne vulgaris, hives,
rash, skin complaint
pinching: (adj) biting, niggardly,
fresh, piercing, cutting, inclement,
keen, bitter, niveous, bleak; (adv)
pinchingly
pink: (n) rose, crimson, gillyflower,
paragon; (v) knock, gore, impale,
stab, spike, spear; (adj) flower
pint: (n) dry pint
pique: (v) nettle, insult, outrage,
irritate, fret; (n) grudge, annoyance,
umbrage, irritation; (n, v) anger,
spite
piqued: (adj) irritated, irate, hurt,
irked, intoxicated, indignant, up in
arms, in a huff, offended, huffy,
excited. ANTONYM: (adj)
unconcerned
piquet: (v) garrison; (n) rank, picquet,
cards, card game
pitch: (n, v) fling, cast, degree, dip,
tilt, lurch, toss, throw, slant; (v)
chuck, hurl
pitched: (adj) oblique, thrown,
slanting, at an angle, leaning; (v)
fixed, pight, determined.
ANTONYM: (adj) level
pitiable: (adj) forlorn, abject, pathetic,
miserable, pitiful, wretched,
lamentable, poor, squalid; (adj, v)
deplorable, mournful. ANTONYMS:
(adj) privileged, strong
pity: (n, v) compassion, ruth; (n)
mercy, commiseration, condolence,
sympathy, clemency, remorse; (v)
sympathize, compassionate, feel
sorry for. ANTONYMS: (n) blame,
cruelty, indifference, harshness, joy
pitying: (adj) sympathetic, merciful,
pity, pityingly, gloomy, meritless,
pitiful, sorry, sorry for, humane,
dreary
placing: (n) placement, arrangement,
disposition, installation, allocation,
ordering, disposal, borrowing,
composition
 440
plague: (v) molest, harass, afflict,
hassle, annoy, badger, pester,
disturb, beleaguer; (n, v) worry; (adj,
n, v) bother. ANTONYM: (v)
comfort
plagued: (adj) overrun, inundated,
snowed under, beleaguered,
weighed down, obsessed, besieged,
beset, overwhelmed
plaguing: (adj) galling
plain: (adj) ordinary,
comprehensible, intelligible,
apparent, manifest, obvious, clear,
simple; (adj, n) flat, homely, humble.
ANTONYMS: (adj) elaborate,
unclear, multicolored, mottled,
ornate, concealed, attractive,
confused, fussy, obscure, patterned
plainly: (adv) evidently, manifestly,
clearly, distinctly, openly, obviously,
patently, overtly, definitely; (adj,
adv) frankly, honestly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) imperceptibly,
vaguely, obscurely, figuratively,
unclearly, politely, incoherently,
implicitly, finely, ambiguously,
covertly
plait: (n, v) braid, plat, double; (n)
pigtail, pleat, tuck; (v) lace, crease,
entwine, interlace, intertwine
plantation: (n) orchard, farm, garden,
shrubbery, hacienda, planting,
settlement, colony, parterre, grove,
planter
playful: (adj) frisky, humorous,
kittenish, mischievous, skittish,
impish, naughty, merry,
lighthearted, frivolous, frolicsome.
ANTONYMS: (adj) serious,
lethargic, solemn, staid, subdued,
heavy
playfulness: (n) mischief,
impertinence, gaiety, archness,
friskiness, pertness, merriment,
humor, impishness; (n, v) play,
sport. ANTONYM: (n) seriousness
plea: (n) defense, answer, apology,
pretext, appeal, defence, petition,
claim, allegation, adjuration, call.
ANTONYMS: (n) instruction,
accusation, response
plead: (v) entreat, implore, beg,
adjure, petition, ask, appeal, defend,
invoke, sue; (n, v) allege.
ANTONYMS: (v) answer, demand
pleasant: (adj) jolly, amiable,
agreeable, acceptable, nice,
charming, kindly, facetious, joyful,
pretty; (adj, v) pleasing.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disgusting,
horrible, repugnant, nasty,
gruesome, unwelcome, harsh,
Sense and Sensibility
shocking, disagreeable, foul, terrible
pleasantly: (adv) pleasingly, nicely,
cheerily, enjoyably, agreeably,
delightfully, sunnily, genially,
gratifyingly, kindly; (adv, v)
happily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
disagreeably, offensively, awfully,
discordantly, dreadfully,
shockingly, unkindly, irritably,
harshly, curtly, nastily
pleasantness: (n) agreeableness,
sweetness, niceness, suavity,
disagreeableness, attractiveness,
gaiety, kindness, delightfulness,
geniality, charm. ANTONYMS: (n)
atrociousness, harshness,
ghastliness, gruesomeness,
grumpiness, repulsiveness,
nastiness, unkindness
pleased: (adj) contented, glad,
delighted, content, joyful, thankful,
gratified, appreciative, overjoyed,
cheerful; (adj, v) elated.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unhappy,
annoyed, angry, worried, ashamed,
disappointed, frustrated, sad,
unsatisfied, ungrateful,
uncomplimentary
pleasing: (adj, n) acceptable; (adj)
amiable, lovable, amusing,
attractive, gratifying, lovely,
pleasant, charming, delightful,
inviting. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unpleasant, unwelcome, infuriating,
disappointing, straight, hurtful,
maddening, displeasing, discordant,
harsh, frustrating
pleasures: (n) pleasure
plighted: (adj) intended, engaged
plump: (adj) chubby, corpulent,
stout, round, obese, overweight,
gross, buxom, pudgy; (adj, n) fleshy;
(v) fatten. ANTONYMS: (adj) thin,
emaciated, skinny, slim, slender
pocketbook: (n) bag, handbag,
notebook, wallet, notecase, reticule,
billfold, jotter, finances, pocket
book, paperback
poignant: (adj, v) acrid, biting, harsh,
painful, penetrating, brisk; (adj)
acute, cutting, moving, affecting;
(adj, n) piquant. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unemotional, cheerful, emotionless
pointedly: (adv) penetratingly,
poignantly, piquantly, markedly;
(adj) particularly, by design,
peculiarly, on purpose, notably,
knowingly, designedly
pointer: (n) hand, needle, clue, point,
tip, indicator, intimation, cursor,
arrow, indication, beacon
pointing: (n) punctuation, indication,
scoring
poking: (n) thrusting, jabbing, jab,
driving force, dalliance, Phytolacca
Americana, dig, biff, drive, carrier
bag, garget
polished: (adj) glossy, cultured,
finished, refined, smooth, lustrous,
genteel, courtly; (adj, v) courteous,
civil, polite. ANTONYMS: (adj)
rough, coarse, shoddy, unpolished,
amateur, awkward, unsophisticated
polite: (adj) cultured, gentle, courtly,
civil, refined, proper, genteel, kind,
attentive, friendly, complaisant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) rude,
discourteous, boorish, improper,
abusive, common, authoritative,
disobedient, uncivilized, uncivil,
curt
politely: (adv) kindly, civilly,
respectfully, properly, graciously,
urbanely, elegantly, gallantly,
genteelly, refinedly, considerately.
ANTONYMS: (adv) rudely,
brusquely, discourteously,
disrespectfully, uncooperatively,
disagreeably
politeness: (n) civility, courteousness,
courtliness, manners, decorum,
gentility, good manners, niceness,
refinement, gallantry, decency.
ANTONYMS: (n) vulgarity,
rudeness, incivility, neglect
poorly: (adv) inadequately, meanly,
bad, meagrely, unfortunately,
insufficiently, imperfectly; (adj, adv)
ill, sickly; (adj, v) indisposed, sick.
ANTONYMS: (adv) opulently,
satisfactorily, graciously, clearly,
fully, excellently, perfectly,
outstandingly, affluently, smartly;
(adj) healthy
pope: (n) Holy Father, priest, Vicar of
Christ, cardinal, high priest, ruffe,
papa, Gregory; (adj) church, gospel,
Gregorian
poplars: (n) genus Populus
porter: (n) doorkeeper, carrier,
gatekeeper, doorman, caretaker,
ostiary, commissionaire, redcap,
labourer, conveyer, concierge
portion: (n, v) division, lot, allot,
dividend, divide; (n) piece, parcel,
fragment, component, section; (adj,
n) constituent. ANTONYM: (n)
whole
portrait: (n) effigy, image, likeness,
icon, delineation, depiction, figure,
portraiture, picture, photograph,
painting
positively: (adv) absolutely,
definitely, decidedly, unequivocally,

expressly, emphatically,
categorically, clearly, confidently;
(adv, int) surely; (adj, adv) really.
ANTONYMS: (adv) disapprovingly,
pessimistically, uncertainly,
doubtfully, inauspiciously, ill
possess: (adj, v) own; (v) hold, wield,
occupy, bear, keep, enjoy, contain,
retain, to have, maintain.
ANTONYMS: (v) lack, remove
possessed: (adj) mad, obsessed,
frantic, hysterical, furious, fanatical,
infatuated, insane; (v) ought, owed,
behoove. ANTONYM: (adj)
uninterested
possessing: (adj) fruitive
possession: (n) occupation,
ownership, keeping, goods,
substance, tenure, property, grasp,
estate, domain; (n, v) acquisition.
ANTONYMS: (n) vacancy, sale
possessions: (n) means, belongings,
assets, goods, property, effects,
wealth, gear, things, possession,
riches
possessor: (n) owner, holder,
proprietor, householder, occupant,
landowner, landholder, proprietary,
somebody, someone, soul
posture: (n) attitude, condition,
stance, deportment, aspect,
circumstance, manner, figure, mien;
(n, v) pose, place
potent: (adj) forcible, influential,
forceful, cogent, hard, mighty,
persuasive, strong, efficacious; (adj,
n) effective, effectual. ANTONYMS:
(adj) impotent, ineffective,
insignificant
poultry: (n) chicken, fowl, hen,
domestic fowl, bird, Guinea, cochin,
dove, fowls, capon, chick
pour: (v) gush, shed, decant, scatter,
stream, flow, pelt, discharge, teem,
infuse; (n, v) overflow.
ANTONYMS: (v) drizzle, trickle
poured: (adj) concrete
powerfully: (adv) strongly, potently,
vigorously, puissantly, effectively,
forcefully, robustly, intensely,
violently, hardily, firmly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) gently, faintly,
powerlessly, slightly, mildly, feebly,
ineffectively, loosely, calmly
practicable: (adj) possible, operable,
practical, executable, workable,
viable, doable, achievable,
attainable, likely, handy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) impossible,
impracticable, unrealistic,
impractical
practiced: (adj) adept, expert, skillful,
Jane Austen
versed, proficient, accomplished,
skilful, skilled, trained, practised,
able. ANTONYMS: (adj)
inexperienced, untrained,
incompetent, clumsy, unqualified
practise: (v) execute, practice,
perform, exercise, drill, do, rehearse,
learn, take, work out, read
practised: (adj) practiced, expert,
adept, good, trained, proficient,
seasoned, skilful, skilled, skillful,
versed
praise: (v) approve, extol, flatter,
celebrate, glorify; (n, v) commend,
compliment, honor, glory, acclaim;
(n) applause. ANTONYMS: (n)
criticism, disparagement; (v)
reprimand, disparage, reproach,
scold, belittle, rebuke, chastise,
denigrate, sully
praised: (adj) bepuffed, popular,
renowned
pray: (v) beg, implore, entreat, crave,
invite, plead, beseech, appeal,
importune, adjure, invoke.
ANTONYM: (v) reject
precaution: (n) foresight, care,
prevention, discretion, anticipation,
caution, circumspection, prudence,
safeguard, protection; (adj)
precautionary
preceding: (adj, adv) anterior, earlier;
(adj) foregoing, former, previous,
prior, past, precedent, prevenient;
(adv) forward; (prep) before.
ANTONYMS: (adj) following,
succeeding, next, present
precious: (adj, n) beloved; (adj)
valuable, costly, cherished,
invaluable, expensive, golden,
choice, inestimable, exquisite; (n)
darling. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheap,
hated, shabby
precise: (adj, v) accurate, careful,
close; (adj) correct, definite, minute,
particular, delicate, neat, certain,
clear. ANTONYMS: (adj) imprecise,
inaccurate, vague, rough, careless,
rushed, approximate, clumsy,
unscientific, wrong, slapdash
precision: (n) accuracy, correctness,
exactness, accurateness, preciseness,
fidelity, nicety, delicacy, truth,
exactitude; (adj) precise.
ANTONYMS: (n) vagueness,
inaccuracy, ambiguity, imprecision,
clumsiness, impreciseness, neglect,
messiness, incorrectness, faintness,
carelessness
preferable: (adj) better, superior,
favored, likable, eligible, enjoyable,
fit; (n) pleasing, agreeable, beloved,
441
dear
preference: (n) predilection, option,
liking, choice, election, preferment,
precedence, penchant, fondness,
partiality, alternative. ANTONYMS:
(n) indifference, coercion, antipathy
preferment: (n) advancement,
elevation, priority, preference,
consecration, induction, institution,
ordination, holy orders, translation;
(n, v) promotion. ANTONYM: (n)
demotion
preferred: (adj) favorite, chosen, pet,
select, favourite, selected, choice,
preferable, singled out, favoured,
golden
prejudice: (n, v) harm, hurt, damage;
(v) influence, predispose, injure; (n)
disadvantage, partiality,
preconceived notion, discrimination,
preconception. ANTONYMS: (n)
tolerance, fairness, impartiality,
justice, broadmindedness; (v)
enhance
prejudiced: (adj) biased, partisan,
bigoted, jaundiced, interested,
opinionated, narrow, intolerant,
colored, inequitable, subjective.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unbiased,
broadminded, balanced, impartial,
unprejudiced, objective, just,
tolerant
premeditated: (adj) intentional,
planned, designed, conscious,
calculated, studied, intended,
prearranged; (v) prepense; (adj, v)
aforethought, premeditate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) accidental,
ingenuous, spontaneous,
unintentional, unpremeditated,
automatic, casual
prepare: (n, v) arrange, form, plan,
make; (v) dress, set, lay, devise,
groom, equip; (adj, v) coach.
ANTONYM: (v) perform
preparing: (n) preparation,
manufacturing; (v) brewing,
prepare; (adj) preliminary,
forthcoming, coming
prepossessed: (adj) infatuated,
jaundiced, forepossessed, partial,
partisan, colored, obsessed,
preoccupied
prepossessing: (adj) engaging,
winning, handsome, appealing,
lovely, captivating, charming, nice,
graceful, winsome; (v) inviting
prepossession: (n) preconception,
prejudice, predilection,
preoccupation, bent, inclination,
preconceived opinion, prevention,
preconceived idea, parti pris,
 442
prenotion
prescience: (n) forecast, precognition,
anticipation, prevision,
foreknowledge, forethought, vision,
presentiment, prediction, hunch,
insight
prescribed: (adj) set, appointed,
formal, official, positive, decreed,
rigid, definite, fixed, obstinate, legal.
ANTONYM: (adj) informal
presenting: (adj) featuring
presently: (adv) instantly, directly,
currently, before long, shortly, soon,
now, at present, readily, just,
actually. ANTONYMS: (adv) later,
now, formerly
preserve: (v) maintain, keep, save,
guard, hold, defend, uphold, keep
up; (n) jam, jelly, conserves.
ANTONYMS: (v) neglect,
discontinue, damage, lose, attack,
endanger, use, end
preserved: (adj) kept, conserved,
whole, pickled, condite, safe.
ANTONYM: (adj) fresh
preserver: (n) defender, protector,
custodian, conservative, keeper,
conservator, savior, patron, restorer,
flotation device; (adj) third person
pressed: (adj) compact, urgent,
printed, pressing, press, stamped,
pushed, impelled, incited, bound,
driven
pressing: (adj, v) exigent,
importunate, important; (adj)
imperative, immediate, imperious,
instant, critical, insistent; (n)
dishing, press. ANTONYM: (adj)
mild
presumed: (adj) supposed, reputed,
putative, understood, alleged,
probable, theoretical
pretence: (n) deceit, pretext,
dissimulation, pretense, affectation,
falsehood, deception, hypocrisy,
bluff, appearance, pretension
pretend: (adv, v) assume; (adj, v)
sham, counterfeit, fake, play; (v)
dissimulate, dissemble, make
believe, imagine, affect, act.
ANTONYMS: (adj, v) real; (adj)
genuine, natural, sincere
pretended: (adj, v) sham, mock,
counterfeit, pseudo, spurious; (adj)
assumed, fake, feigned, fictitious,
bogus, affected
pretensions: (n) airs, affected
manner, mannerism
pretext: (n) pretense, pretension,
color, pretence, mask, plea, guise,
sham, appearance; (n, v) excuse,
cloak
Sense and Sensibility
prettily: (adv) beautifully,
charmingly, pleasantly,
handsomely, finely, neatly,
gracefully, picturesquely, elegantly,
delightfully, pleasingly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) unattractively,
unpleasantly
prevail: (n, v) triumph, control,
govern; (v) dominate, overcome,
outweigh, obtain, persist, carry,
vanquish; (adj) preponderate.
ANTONYM: (v) lose
prevailing: (adj) prevalent, rife,
dominant, common, current,
overriding, popular, general,
influential, epidemic, powerful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant,
rare, unusual
prevented: (adj) disallowed, barred,
banned. ANTONYM: (adj)
legitimate
pride: (n) arrogance, conceit, egotism,
vanity, lordliness, assumption,
insolence, disdain, hauteur; (n, v)
boast; (v) plume. ANTONYMS: (n)
modesty, sorrow, dregs, disgrace,
shame, baseness
principally: (adv) mainly, primarily,
especially, predominantly,
particularly, above all, mostly,
largely, in the main, masterly,
essentially
print: (n, v) mark, impress,
photograph; (n) impression,
engraving, printing, picture,
lettering, copy; (v) issue, engrave
prior: (adj) preceding, former,
foregoing, previous, earlier, anterior,
past, preliminary, antecedent,
advance; (n) abbot. ANTONYMS:
(adj) later, following
priory: (n, v) monastery, convent,
abbey, nunnery, friary
privacy: (n) secrecy, confidentiality,
darkness, retreat, privateness,
concealment, loneliness, shelter,
solitude, retirement, isolation.
ANTONYM: (n) company
privately: (adv) covertly, privily,
confidentially, personally, closely,
stealthily, secludedly, domestically,
informally, retiredly; (adj, adv)
quietly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
publicly, officially
privilege: (n) liberty, prerogative,
immunity, freedom, grant, franchise,
exemption, concession, claim; (n, v)
license, permit. ANTONYM: (n)
insult
probability: (n) likelihood, chance,
possibility, likeliness, opportunity,
expectation, eventuality, prospect,
expectancy, contingency; (adj, n)
odds. ANTONYM: (n) improbability
probable: (adj) likely, plausible,
possible, potential, presumable,
feasible, hopeful, convincing,
believable, to be expected, specious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) improbable,
implausible, unbelievable
proceed: (v) move, advance,
originate, ensue, flow, issue, arise,
emanate; (adj, v) pass, run, extend.
ANTONYMS: (v) discontinue,
recede, regress, return, retreat
proceeded: (v) proceed, yode
proclaim: (v) declare, assert,
advertise, broadcast, promulgate,
enunciate, herald, decree, divulge,
notify, annunciate
proclaimed: (adj) announced,
indictive, declared publicly
proclaiming: (adj) predicating,
predicant, declaring, affirming,
oracular, hence
procure: (v) get, obtain, buy, earn,
win, gain, have, purchase, induce,
derive, find. ANTONYM: (v) give
procuring: (v) procure
prodigious: (adj) gigantic, enormous,
huge, phenomenal, portentous,
stupendous, exceptional, colossal,
immense, gargantuan; (adj, v)
monstrous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unexceptional, normal, average,
tiny, weak
prodigiously: (adv) astonishingly,
enormously, immensely, vastly,
marvelously, exceptionally,
colossally, largely, wonderfully,
hugely, tremendously
producing: (n) production, output,
making, birth, childbirth; (adj)
fertile, generating, procreant; (v)
produced, to produce; (adv)
yieldingly
productive: (adj, v) fruitful; (adj)
fertile, plentiful, generative, helpful,
fat, copious, lucrative, inventive,
constructive, original. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unproductive, barren,
unprofitable, consumptive,
destructive, fruitless, idle, infertile,
unimaginative, indolent, negative
profess: (v) assert, feign, affirm,
avow, state, pretend, claim, confess,
allege, aver; (n, v) protest.
ANTONYM: (v) repress
professed: (adj) alleged, declared,
apparent, avowed, pretended,
seeming, supposed, affected,
feigned, so-called, purported
professedly: (adv) apparently,
ostensibly, declaredly, outwardly,

allegedly, supposedly, pretendedly,
admittedly, as acknowledged,
evidently, confessedly
profession: (n) employment,
declaration, occupation, affirmation,
calling, career, vocation, job,
position, assertion, assurance.
ANTONYM: (n) denial
prohibited: (adj) illicit, illegal, taboo,
banned, unlawful, contraband,
barred, proscribed, not allowed, out;
(adj, adv) off-limits. ANTONYMS:
(adj) legitimate, permitted, allowed,
authorized, legal, permissible,
acceptable, eligible, lawful, open
projecting: (adj) projected,
protruding, jutting, protrusive,
pendent; (adj, v) overhanging,
jutting over, salient; (v) beetling,
protuberant, convex
projection: (n) hump, prominence,
jut, protuberance, knob, overhang,
plan, ledge, protrusion, bump; (adj,
n) salient. ANTONYM: (n)
depression
promising: (adj) auspicious, bright,
favorable, propitious, encouraging,
favourable, hopeful, promise,
budding, optimistic, probable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeless,
inauspicious, threatening,
unfavorable, unlikely, depressing
promote: (adv, v) further, forward;
(v) help, encourage, aid, push,
prefer, develop, foster, advertise,
assist. ANTONYMS: (v) demote,
prevent, downgrade, impede,
obstruct, oppose, restrain, thwart,
buy, hinder, neglect
promoting: (n) promotion,
advertising; (adj) cultural, featuring
prompted: (adj) impelled, driven,
encouraged, provoked, pressed; (n)
contumely, abuse, discussions,
dictated, insult, invective
promptitude: (n) expedition, speed,
readiness, promptness, velocity,
haste, agility, rapidity, celerity,
hurry, dispatch
pronounce: (v) articulate, declare,
affirm, say, assert, express, vocalize,
proclaim; (n, v) allege; (adj, v)
deliver, utter. ANTONYM: (v)
mumble
pronounced: (adj) clear, emphatic,
distinct, prominent, notable,
obvious, salient, evident, definite,
bold, palpable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
faint, inconspicuous, indefinite,
loose, slight, small
pronouncing: (v) pronounce; (n)
pronunciation, utterance
Jane Austen
proof: (n) confirmation, probation,
authentication, sign, substantiation,
evidence, verification, validation,
argument, experiment, indication.
ANTONYM: (n) contradiction
propensity: (n) proclivity, leaning,
disposition, bias, bent, aptitude,
aptness, proneness, predisposition,
predilection, penchant. ANTONYM:
(n) inability
proportionately: (adv) relatively, pro
rata, in proportion, correspondingly,
symmetrically, commensurately,
adequately, balancedly, equally,
harmoniously, appropriately
proportioned: (adj) attemperate,
shapely, regular, properly adapted,
even, balanced. ANTONYM: (adj)
asymmetrical
propose: (v) bid, nominate, design,
plan, proffer, move, intend, mean,
aim, suggest; (n, v) advance.
ANTONYMS: (v) reject, improvise,
oppose
proposition: (n, v) offer, bid, proffer;
(n) proposal, motion, design,
approach, assertion, suggestion,
plan, premise
proprietor: (n) possessor, manager,
landlord, holder, host, keeper,
master, employer, patron,
proprietress, proprietary
propriety: (adj, n) decency, modesty,
correctness, aptitude; (n) decorum,
fitness, etiquette, civility, grace,
politeness, manners. ANTONYMS:
(n) impropriety, rudeness,
unsuitableness, indecorum,
decadence, tactlessness, corruption,
vulgarity, indecency
prose: (n) style, writing, euphuism,
commonplace, prose writer, rap;
(adj) prosaic, maunder, palaver,
prate, prosy. ANTONYMS: (n)
poetry, verse
prosecution: (n) accusation,
execution, arraignment,
impeachment, lawsuit, litigation,
performance, suit, continuation,
implementation, pursuance.
ANTONYM: (n) ambush
prospects: (n) perspective, forecast,
circumstances, odds, expectation,
possibilities, prediction, projection,
scenario, diagnosis
prosperity: (n) affluence, wealth,
success, flourish, good fortune,
fortune, welfare, opulence,
abundance, good, prosperousness.
ANTONYMS: (n) failure,
fruitlessness, hardship, insufficiency
prosperous: (adj, n) lucky,
443
auspicious, fortunate; (adj)
flourishing, favorable, opulent, easy,
comfortable, affluent, advantageous,
successful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
depressed, unsuccessful, failing,
underprivileged, impoverished
prosperously: (adv) successfully,
fortunately, luckily, happily,
flourishingly, swimmingly,
wealthily, auspiciously, boomingly,
roaringly, felicitously
proud: (adj) lofty, disdainful,
haughty, exalted, egotistical, gallant,
pompous, lordly, majestic,
overbearing; (adj, v) dignified.
ANTONYMS: (adj) humble, modest,
ashamed, embarrassed, sorrowful,
disappointed, miserable
provocation: (n) challenge,
aggravation, exasperation,
incitement, instigation, annoyance,
excitement, stimulation, affront,
incentive, defiance. ANTONYMS:
(n) conciliation, arbitration,
deterrent, disincentive, pleasure
provoke: (n, v) excite; (v) defy,
offend, enrage, anger, irritate,
arouse, kindle, inflame, invite, get.
ANTONYMS: (v) please, soothe,
mollify, deter, inhibit, dampen,
arbitrate, allay, defuse, discourage,
douse
provoked: (adj, prep) exasperated,
inflamed; (adj) irritated, aggravated,
infuriated, indignant, irate, huffy,
hot, excited; (adv) up in arms.
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, gratuitous,
pleased
provoking: (adj) provocative,
annoying, aggravating, galling,
maddening, vexatious, agitative,
tempting, agitating; (adj, v)
irritating, insulting. ANTONYMS:
(adj) conciliatory, courteous,
satisfying
prudence: (n) foresight, economy,
frugality, caution, care, forethought,
providence, circumspection,
judgment, deliberation; (adj, n)
wisdom. ANTONYMS: (n)
imprudence, profligacy, generosity,
hindsight, recklessness,
extravagance
prudent: (adj, v) discreet; (adj)
cautious, circumspect, reasonable,
chary, economical, careful, frugal,
deliberate, advisable, canny.
ANTONYMS: (adj) imprudent,
reckless, spendthrift, stupid,
careless, unwise, unsafe, tactless
prudently: (adv) wisely, cautiously,
judiciously, discreetly, shrewdly,
 444
sparingly, charily, sagaciously,
warily, frugally, circumspectly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) recklessly,
imprudently, extravagantly,
generously, indiscreetly,
immaturely, stupidly
publishing: (n) publication,
announcement, contribution,
proclamation, dissemination,
desktop publishing, republication,
arraignment, business, business
enterprise, commercial enterprise
pulse: (n, v) throb; (n) pulsation,
impulse, heartbeat, legume, rhythm,
pounding, cadence; (v) pulsate,
palpitate, pound
punctual: (adj) accurate, exact,
punctilious, prompt, timely,
definite, rigorous, precise, nice,
mathematical; (adj, v) regular.
ANTONYMS: (adj) early,
unpunctual, slow
punctuality: (n) accuracy, precision,
nicety, exactitude, truth, fidelity,
exactness, promptitude, steadiness;
(adj) rigor, mathematical precision.
ANTONYM: (n) tardiness
punish: (v) amerce, discipline,
castigate, chasten, chastise, penalize,
strike, avenge, pay, beat, execute.
ANTONYMS: (v) excuse, exonerate,
pardon, reward, commend
punishment: (n) correction, penance,
chastisement, fine, judgement,
rebuke, retribution, reward,
castigation, execution; (adj, n)
penalty. ANTONYMS: (n)
persuasion, exoneration, reward
pupil: (n) learner, student, scholar,
disciple, apprentice, trainee,
schoolchild, novice, adherent, tyro,
collegian. ANTONYM: (n) expert
puppy: (n) pup, cub, youth, doggy,
whelp, younker, dog, brat, child,
youngster, frankfurter
puppyism: (v) man millinery, conceit,
coxcombry, foppery
purity: (n) holiness, cleanness,
cleanliness, virtue, honor,
perfection, pureness, sanctity,
chastity, elegance; (adj, n) clearness.
ANTONYMS: (n) coarseness,
impurity, contamination, clutter,
dirtiness, corruption, mustiness
purposely: (adj, adv) designedly,
advisedly, knowingly; (adv)
intentionally, on purpose, by design,
consciously, by choice, calculatedly,
explicitly; (adj) wittingly.
ANTONYM: (adv) unintentionally
purse: (n) bag, pouch, money,
handbag, sac, currency, pocketbook,
Sense and Sensibility
pelf; (v) wrinkle, pucker, crease
pursue: (v) follow, dog, prosecute,
hunt, course, tail, stalk, persist,
hound, haunt, go after.
ANTONYMS: (v) shun, eschew,
avoid, discourage, lead, precede,
find
pursued: (n) hunted person
pursuing: (n) pursuit, search, hunt;
(adj) coming, engaged
pursuit: (n) quest, hunt, search,
persecution, chase, career, interest,
job, business, performance,
employment
pursuits: (n) diversion, duties
putrid: (adj) fetid, rotten,
malodorous, corrupt, decayed,
smelly, noisome, putrefied, bad,
foetid, stinking. ANTONYM: (adj)
fragrant
puts: (n) stocks, securities, preferred
stock, common stock, bonds
puzzle: (adj, v) perplex, confuse,
embarrass; (n) enigma, riddle,
mystery, maze; (n, v) nonplus; (v)
confound, mystify, baffle.
ANTONYMS: (v) clarify, placate,
explain; (n) explanation
puzzled: (adj) bewildered, confused,
baffled, nonplussed, doubtful,
bemused, at a loss, curious,
mystified, nonplused, dazed.
ANTONYM: (adj) clear
qualification: (n, v) limitation; (adj,
n) capability, endowment; (n)
provision, competence, prerequisite,
fitness, preparation, eligibility,
degree; (adj) faculty
qualifications: (n) capacity,
qualification, terms, ability,
credentials, faculty, facility, rider,
eligibility requirements, training,
specifications. ANTONYM: (n)
inability
qualified: (adj) competent, capable,
eligible, efficient, proficient, fit,
conditional, able, clever, expert,
certified. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unofficial, total, definite,
unreserved, immature, amateur,
inept, inexperienced, unrestricted,
absolute, ineligible
quarrel: (adj, n, v) dispute; (n, v)
fight, feud, brawl, row, altercation,
argue, conflict, squabble; (n)
dissension, difference.
ANTONYMS: (n) agreement,
reconciliation, acceptance, concord,
consensus; (v) agree
quarrelling: (adj) at variance, in
dispute, in disagreement, in conflict;
(n) dissension
quarters: (n) abode, domicile,
lodging, residence, quarter,
diggings, pad, digs, lodgings,
accommodation, barracks
quest: (n) pursuit, investigation,
exploration, chase, research, inquest;
(n, v) probe, hunt, inquiry,
examination; (v) call for
quickened: (adj) hasty, rapid,
passionate, intoxicated
quicker: (adv) more quickly, sooner,
earlier
quickest: (adv) most quickly
quieted: (adj) composed
quietness: (n) quiet, serenity, calm,
calmness, peacefulness, repose,
hush, composure, quietude, silence,
stillness. ANTONYMS: (n) volume,
disturbance, loudness, bustle,
wildness, turbulence, noise, turmoil,
brashness, boldness, movement
quit: (adj, n, v) leave; (v) go, drop,
break, cease, give up, depart, end,
discontinue; (adj, v) discharge; (n, v)
part. ANTONYMS: (v) stay, occupy,
enter, maintain, start, come, arrive
quitting: (n) departure, resignation
rage: (adj, n, v) fume, bluster; (adj, n)
wrath, indignation, frenzy, mania;
(n) passion, anger, craze,
exasperation; (n, v) storm.
ANTONYMS: (n) gentleness,
composure, calm, equanimity,
pleasure, serenity
raillery: (n) mockery, joke, irony,
quiz, persiflage, derision, ridicule,
pleasantry, tease, jest, badinage
raising: (n) bringing up, nurture,
elevation, lift, raise, culture, heave,
ascent, ascension, upbringing,
rearing
ranging: (adj) errant, itinerant,
migrant
rank: (n, v) range, order, place,
position, grade, class, line, file; (v)
arrange, classify; (n) gradation.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sparse, pleasant,
clean
ranked: (adj) stratified, hierarchal,
graveled, hierarchical, bedded,
hierarchic
rapacious: (adj) avid, voracious,
predatory, edacious, acquisitive,
ravenous, gluttonous, ferocious,
raptorial; (adj, v) covetous,
avaricious
rapidity: (n) expedition, quickness,
promptness, dispatch, celerity,
haste, velocity, pace, fleetness,
promptitude, speed. ANTONYM:
(n) tardiness
rapture: (n) joy, bliss, delight,

happiness, exaltation, elation,
exultation, enchantment; (adj, n)
enthusiasm; (n, v) transport; (adj, n,
v) passion. ANTONYMS: (n)
indifference, boredom, misery,
gloom, agony, hell, despair
rapturous: (adj) overjoyed,
enraptured, rapt, delighted,
rhapsodic, blissful; (adj, v)
ravishing; (v) ardent, passionate,
fond, erotic. ANTONYM: (adj)
down
rapturously: (adv) ravishingly,
rhapsodically, overjoyedly, raptly,
delightedly, enrapturedly, gladly
rascal: (n) villain, rapscallion,
monkey, miscreant, knave,
scoundrel, scamp, rogue, varlet,
vagabond, brat
rascally: (adj) dirty, contemptible,
abject, mean, mischievous,
scoundrelly, roguish, scabby,
scurvy, shabby, paltry
rash: (adj, n) foolhardy, hasty,
precipitate, eruption; (adj)
imprudent, reckless, impetuous,
heedless, audacious, sudden; (adj,
adv) thoughtless. ANTONYMS:
(adj) cautious, careful, sensible,
wise, considered, deliberate,
prudent, modest, slow, responsible,
patient
rated: (adj) specified
rational: (adj, n) reasonable, just; (adj)
intelligent, sane, judicious, logical,
mental, sound, sober, wise,
practical. ANTONYMS: (adj)
illogical, anxious, biased, untenable,
unreasonable, unrealistic,
unconvincing, physical, intuitive,
foolish, delirious
rationally: (adv) logically, sanely,
judiciously, wisely, coherently,
sagaciously, lucidly, justly,
reasonably, sensibly, practically.
ANTONYMS: (adv) irrationally,
illogically, emotionally, foolishly,
unconvincingly, unreasonably
reaching: (n) reach, arrival, coming,
accomplishment, outreach, advent,
achievement, grasp, arriver, getting;
(adj) suspicious
readily: (adv) easily, lightly, freely,
quickly, immediately, instantly,
willingly, soon, eagerly; (adj, adv)
handily, smoothly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) grudgingly, eventually,
reluctantly, unenthusiastically
readiness: (n) facility, ease,
expedition, preparation,
promptness, knack, dexterity,
eagerness, quickness, fitness; (adj, n)
Jane Austen
alacrity. ANTONYMS: (n)
reluctance, delay
reanimate: (v) revive, invigorate,
enliven, regenerate, revivify,
quicken, animate, renew, restore,
resurrect; (adj, v) refresh
reasonableness: (n) rationality,
reason, equity, justice, fairness,
moderation, sanity, likelihood,
common sense, modestness,
moderateness. ANTONYMS: (n)
unreasonableness, excessiveness
reasonably: (adv) fairly, rather, quite,
passably, pretty, justly, somewhat,
sensibly, rationally, enough, fair.
ANTONYMS: (adv) extremely,
dangerously, illogically, irrationally,
wrongly, extravagantly, foolishly,
implausibly, intolerably,
unsatisfactorily, unfairly
reasoning: (n) argumentation,
deduction, ratiocination, illation,
logic, argument, abstract thought,
sense, judgment, thought; (adj)
rational
recall: (adj, v) reverse; (v) revoke,
rescind, recognize, recollect,
remember, repeal, countermand; (n)
memory, anamnesis; (n, v) return.
ANTONYMS: (v) issue, dissolve
receipt: (n) acknowledgment,
acknowledgement, acceptance,
acquittance, ticket, check, recipe,
revenue, certificate, profit; (v)
acknowledge. ANTONYMS: (n)
rejection, invoice
receiving: (n) getting, reception,
acceptance, taking, adoption,
recipiency; (v) receive; (adj)
received, accepting, admitting,
recipient. ANTONYM: (n) rejection
reception: (n) acceptance, admission,
receiving, greeting, getting,
salutation, acceptation,
comprehension; (adj, n)
entertainment, party; (n, v)
adoption. ANTONYMS: (n)
dispatch, rejection
reciprocal: (adj) common,
interchangeable, complementary,
joint, bilateral, relative, alternate,
reflexive, divisible; (adj, n) inverse,
equivalent
recital: (n) account, description,
narrative, explanation, history,
performance, reading, statement,
recitation, concert, relation
reclaim: (v) recover, reform, cultivate,
claim, repossess, claim back, regain,
recycle, salvage, correct, redeem.
ANTONYMS: (v) lose, discard
reclining: (adj, v) leaning; (adj)
445
recumbent, decumbent, accumbent,
lying, lying down, obligatory, idle,
prone, prostrate; (n) relaxation
recollect: (v) recall, remember,
recognize, call to mind, remind,
mind, think, call up, reminisce,
refresh, retrieve. ANTONYM: (v)
forget
recollecting: (n) recollection
recollection: (n, v) mind; (n)
reminiscence, recall, anamnesis,
remembrance, recognition,
memento, memorial,
commemoration, memoir, retrospect
recommend: (v) advocate, advise,
counsel, commend, offer, suggest,
move, praise, urge, endorse,
promote. ANTONYMS: (v) oppose,
reject
recommendation: (n) commendation,
suggestion, advice, counsel,
advocacy, reference, approval,
proposal, admonition, endorsement,
character
recommended: (adj) registered,
advisable, favored, not compulsory,
optional, required
recommending: (adj)
recommendatory, commendatory
reconcile: (adj, v) conciliate, accord,
harmonize; (v) accommodate,
pacify, placate, mediate, adjust,
harmonise, make up, propitiate.
ANTONYMS: (v) alienate, estrange,
provoke, quarrel, segregate, worsen
reconciled: (adj) consistent, resigned,
serene, meet; (v) made friends,
affriended. ANTONYM: (adj)
unreconciled
reconciliation: (n, v) concord, peace,
harmony; (n) adjustment,
agreement, rapprochement,
pacification, reconcilement,
conciliation, appeasement,
mediation. ANTONYMS: (n)
incitement, war
reconsider: (v) revise, consider,
reassess, consider again, go over,
retrace, return, redeliberate, reckon;
(n) criticism, critique
recover: (v) reclaim, get back,
recuperate, retrieve, regain, pick up,
get well, restore, heal, convalesce,
mend. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, die,
decline, aggravate, abandon,
worsen, scatter
recovered: (adj) cured, retrieved,
well, well again, healthier, aged,
improved, whole, better, corned.
ANTONYM: (adj) worse
recovering: (v) recover, regain,
restore; (adj) better; (n)
 446
rehabilitation, recovery, rescue,
relaxation; (adv) getting better, on
the road to recovery, improving
recreating: (adj) recreative, amusing
rectitude: (adj, n) justice, honesty,
equity; (n) integrity, veracity, virtue,
uprightness, morality, purity,
propriety; (adj) fidelity.
ANTONYMS: (n) immorality,
incorrectness, wickedness
rectory: (n) parsonage, manse,
vicarage, residence, habitation,
home, glebe house, glebe, dwelling
house, domicile, deanery
recurrence: (n) return, repetition,
frequency, reversion, comeback,
relapse, reiteration, reappearance,
throwback, recrudescence, atavism
redeem: (v) recover, deliver, atone,
recoup, expiate, ransom, reclaim,
save, free, extricate, refund.
ANTONYMS: (v) hock, pawn, lose
re-establish: (v) restore, reconstruct,
renew, regenerate, reestablish,
return
referring: (adj) relative, relevant,
pertaining, not absolute; (v) refer;
(n) delegation
refinement: (n) culture, cultivation,
purification, gentility, polish, finish,
civilization, nicety, courtesy, grace;
(adj, n) elegance. ANTONYMS: (n)
vulgarity, adulteration, tackiness,
uncouthness, tastelessness,
inelegance, coarseness, clumsiness,
awkwardness, crudeness
reflecting: (adv) reflectingly; (adj)
reflective, thoughtful, calculating,
reflected, shiny, shimmering,
reflectent; (n) mirroring, reflection,
reflexion
reflection: (n) contemplation,
thought, deliberation, meditation,
musing, cogitation, idea, notion,
introspection; (n, v) observation,
reflexion. ANTONYMS: (n)
impulsiveness, confirmation
reformed: (adj) improved, corrected,
unorthodox, altered
refrain: (v) desist, cease, fast, avoid,
leave off, withhold, stop, spare; (adj,
v) forbear; (n) chorus, hold.
ANTONYMS: (v) participate, act,
consume, persist
refreshed: (adj) invigorated,
rejuvenated, reinvigorated, new,
novel, revived, impudent,
energizing, overbold, energising,
clean. ANTONYM: (adj) tired
refreshment: (n) bite, drink,
recreation, collation, repose, relief,
rest, entertainment, treat; (v)
Sense and Sensibility
invigoration; (n, v) regalement
refusal: (n) denial, declination,
negative, rebuff, rejection, no,
prohibition, ban, repulse, negation,
exclusion. ANTONYMS: (n)
permission, acceptance, compliance,
approval, disposition, inclination,
affirmative, affirmation
refuse: (v) deny, reject, decline,
disallow, rebuff, turn down; (adj, n)
waste, trash; (n) offal, litter; (n, v)
dross. ANTONYMS: (v) allow,
receive, permit, offer, dedicate,
approve, agree, admit, choose, pass,
affirm
refusing: (adj) negative, dismissive,
denying, recusative, noncompliant
regain: (v) retrieve, recoup,
recuperate, reclaim, recapture,
redeem, get, discover, feel, recall, get
back
regarding: (prep) about, as regards,
for, on, towards, apropos; (adj, prep)
with regard to, with reference to;
(adj) as to, in regard to, in relation to
regards: (v) regard, esteem, respect,
consideration, honor, motive; (adj)
abord, devoir; (n) greeting, relation,
duty
regiment: (n) corps, battalion, legion,
host, brigade, division, multitude,
cohort; (v) control, organize,
regulate
regret: (n, v) grieve, sorrow; (v)
bewail, lament, mourn, bemoan,
deplore; (n) remorse, penitence,
compunction, contrition.
ANTONYMS: (v) welcome, praise;
(n) idealism, shamelessness, joy,
satisfaction
regrets: (n) regret, declination, RSVP
regrets only, acknowledgement,
acknowledgment, celestial latitude,
excuse, Dec
regularity: (n) constancy, evenness,
punctuality, orderliness, uniformity,
steadiness, method, accuracy,
discipline, system, exactness.
ANTONYMS: (n) lateness,
asymmetry, irregularity, disorder,
variability, variety, abnormality
regulate: (adj, n, v) adjust; (v)
manage, control, determine, fix,
influence, govern, modulate,
regularize; (n, v) direct, order.
ANTONYMS: (v) destabilize,
intensify
regulated: (adj) ordered, arranged,
consistent, lawful, temperate, not
haphazard, organized; (adv) in time,
in harmony, keeping pace, keeping
up
rejoice: (v) cheer, gladden, triumph,
revel, jubilate, gratify, gloat, please;
(n, v) delight, glory, joy.
ANTONYMS: (v) lament, mourn,
complain
rejoicing: (n) exultation, jubilation,
happiness, joy, mirth, pleasure,
elation; (adj) jubilant, exultant; (v)
rejoice; (adv) rejoicingly.
ANTONYM: (n) sadness
relapse: (n, v) regress, decline, fall;
(n) recidivism, recurrence,
regression, deterioration; (v)
backslide, revert, recur, deteriorate.
ANTONYMS: (v) improve, recover,
progress; (n) improvement,
recovery, regeneration
relate: (v) recount, narrate, link,
associate, tell, appertain, apply,
detail, describe, recite, refer.
ANTONYMS: (v) dissociate,
conceal, conflict, contrast,
disconnect, separate
relation: (n) narration, recital,
association, affinity, description,
rehearsal, kin, relative; (n, v)
account, report, regard
relatives: (n) relations, kindred, kin,
kinsfolk, kinfolk, relationship,
affinity, relation, folks, intimates,
house
relent: (v) give, give in, melt, soften,
moderate, ease, submit, cede, relax,
capitulate; (adj) remit. ANTONYMS:
(v) worsen, strengthen, resist, stand
reliance: (n) credit, faith, trust,
dependence, belief, credence,
conviction, hope, assurance,
dependency, expectation.
ANTONYM: (n) distrust
relics: (n) relic, rood, rosary, thurible,
reliquary, remainder, remain,
leavings, remains, remnants, patera
relieve: (n, v) ease, assuage, mitigate,
alleviate, allay, calm, redress; (v)
free, help, console, excuse.
ANTONYMS: (v) burden,
aggravate, exacerbate, harbor,
enforce, include, upset, depress
relieved: (adj) alleviated, thankful,
mitigated, prominent, pleased,
joyful, fresh, delighted, comfortable,
cheerful, happy. ANTONYM: (adj)
worried
relinquished: (adj) forsaken,
deserted, derelict, unoccupied,
given, surrendered
relish: (n, v) enjoy, fancy, love; (n)
gusto, liking, palate, enthusiasm,
enjoyment; (adj, n) flavor; (v) bask,
like. ANTONYM: (n) apathy
reluctance: (n) aversion, hesitation,

indisposition, distaste, disgust,
dislike, opposition, unwillingness,
repugnance, diffidence, scruple.
ANTONYMS: (n) readiness,
disposition, keenness, willingness,
enthusiasm
reluctantly: (adv) loathly, aversely,
grudgingly, backwardly, hesitantly,
reluctant, slowly, unenthusiastically,
indisposedly, lothly, charily.
ANTONYMS: (adv) freely,
wholeheartedly
relying: (adj) dependent
remainder: (n) excess, leftover,
overplus, end, residue, oddment,
balance, rest, surplus; (adj, n)
remnant; (adv) after
remark: (n, v) comment, notice, note,
mention, regard, mind; (adj, n, v)
observe; (v) perceive, mark, discern;
(n) observation
remarkably: (adj, adv) outstandingly,
markedly, conspicuously,
particularly, prominently; (adv)
signally, uncommonly, surprisingly,
extremely, wonderfully, curiously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) normally,
slightly, poorly, unexceptionally
remarks: (n) commentary,
explanation
remedy: (n, v) cure, redress, heal,
help, medicine, relief; (v) rectify,
amend, relieve, correct; (n) drug.
ANTONYM: (n) poison
remembering: (n) recollection, recall,
memory, identification, recognition,
remember, association, connection,
connexion, reminiscence,
remembrance
remembrance: (n, v) recollection,
mind; (n) commemoration,
memorial, recall, relic, monument,
keepsake, reminiscence, recognition;
(adj, n) memento
remembrances: (adj) abord, devoir,
respects, welcome; (n) remembrance
remind: (v) recollect, prompt, recall,
commemorate, call up, memorialize,
hint, jog, inform, think; (n, v) mind
remorse: (n) penitence, contrition,
repentance, regret, guilt, penance,
sorrow, grief, qualm, ruefulness,
compassion. ANTONYM: (n)
shamelessness
removal: (n) transfer, expulsion,
elimination, dismissal, exclusion,
shift, remove, ablation, move,
withdrawal, abatement.
ANTONYMS: (n) insertion,
addition, provision, arrival, return,
inclusion
removing: (adj) departing
Jane Austen
render: (v) interpret, explain, give,
offer, furnish, pay, construe, return,
provide, impart, translate
rendering: (n) interpretation,
translation, rendition, reading,
representation, version, interpreting,
depiction, execution, construction,
explanation
renewal: (n) revival, renaissance,
renovation, rehabilitation,
restoration, reclamation, update,
rebirth, reform, regeneration,
innovation. ANTONYMS: (n)
deterioration, disappearance
renewed: (adj) changed, born again,
new, fresh, redintegrate,
rehabilitated, transformed,
regenerate, reformed, Renate
renewing: (adj) renewal, restorative,
reviving, recuperative, promoting
recuperation, grateful, revitalising,
revitalizing
rent: (n, v) breach, fissure, lease, let;
(adj, n) cleft; (n) crevice, tear, crack,
break; (v) charter, engage
repair: (n, v) redress, mend, correct,
cure, overhaul, fix; (v) patch, restore,
doctor, renovate, compensate.
ANTONYMS: (v) injure, arrive,
wreck, worsen; (n) breaking,
wrecking
repaired: (adj) reconditioned,
maintained, mended, fastened,
serviced, intent, frozen, flat,
serviceable
reparation: (n) redress, recompense,
atonement, indemnity, correction,
restoration; (n, v) indemnification,
compensation, repair, remuneration,
restitution
repeat: (v) copy, recapitulate,
reduplicate, reiterate, rehearse,
return, say, double, renew, iterate,
duplicate
repeatedly: (adv) often, recurrently,
again, time and again, commonly,
again and again, successively,
regularly, repetitively, habitually,
continually. ANTONYMS: (adv)
intermittently, never,
simultaneously, spasmodically,
rarely, manually, infrequently
repeating: (n) repeat, iteration,
renewal, repetition, redundancy,
copying, reduplication; (adj)
repetitious, iterating, iterative,
repetitive
repent: (v) deplore, bewail, rue,
mourn, lament, atone, sorry,
bemoan, feel remorse, grieve, be
sorry
repentance: (n) contrition, penance,
447
remorse, regret, compunction,
sorrow, guilt, contriteness, grief,
attrition, atonement. ANTONYMS:
(n) shamelessness, brazenness
repetition: (n) gemination,
reiteration, recurrence, replication,
iteration, return, repeating, renewal,
duplication, rehearsal,
reduplication. ANTONYM: (n)
disappearance
repine: (v) kick, grumble, regret,
quetch, murmur, brood, mourn,
languish, whine, lament; (n) sink
repining: (n) regret, plaintive,
lamenting, mourning, grief,
mournful; (v) taking on; (adj)
regretful
replying: (adj) respondent,
responsive
repose: (n, v) recline, peace, lie, calm;
(n) composure, ease, quiet, leisure,
recreation, relaxation; (v) lay.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) work; (n)
activity, panic, agitation
representing: (adj) representative,
represented, representant; (n)
representation, imitation; (v) mock,
pseudo, simulating; (prep) in place
of, in lieu of, instead of
repressed: (adj) inhibited,
suppressed, pent-up, forgotten,
subconscious, inner, composed,
reserved, unconscious
reprimand: (n, v) censure, reproach,
lecture, blame, reproof; (v) chide,
castigate, chastise; (n) chastisement,
admonition, castigation.
ANTONYMS: (v) commend,
approve; (n) commendation,
compliment, approval, reward
reproach: (n, v) blame, rebuke,
charge, abuse, disgrace, reprimand,
invective; (v) accuse, chide,
condemn; (n) condemnation.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise; (v)
commend, approve; (n) compliment,
commendation, approval
reproachfully: (adv) critically,
abusively, admonitorily,
vituperatively, disapprovingly,
wearily, contemptuously,
disparagingly, disdainfully,
witheringly, shamefully.
ANTONYMS: (adv) approvingly,
hopefully
reproaching: (adj) opprobrious
reprobate: (adj, n) profligate,
miscreant; (adj) depraved, immoral,
corrupt, dissolute; (v) censure,
condemn, reproach; (adj, v)
perverted; (n) scoundrel
reproof: (n, v) reprimand, censure,
 448
rebuke, lecture; (n) reproach,
admonition, reprehension, blame,
condemnation, objurgation,
castigation
reproved: (adj) reprimanded,
chastened, admonished
repulsive: (adj) offensive, detestable,
ugly, disagreeable, nauseous,
hideous, loathsome, abhorrent; (adj,
v) abominable, hateful, obnoxious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant,
delightful, desirable, reputable,
lovely, lovable, humane, appealing,
laudable
requested: (adj) demanded
requiring: (v) require; (adv)
demandingly; (adj) demanding,
pressing
requisite: (n) need, necessity,
requirement, must; (adj, n)
necessary, prerequisite; (adj)
required, mandatory, needful,
compulsory, obligatory.
ANTONYMS: (adj) voluntary,
optional, dispensable; (n)
inessential, luxury
rescued: (adj) saved, protected
resemblance: (n) affinity, parallel,
similarity, comparison,
correspondence, likeness,
conformity, appearance, analogy,
semblance, resemble. ANTONYMS:
(n) dissimilarity, contrast
resembling: (adj, prep) like; (adj)
analogous, parallel, similar,
conformable, approximate,
semblative, other, probable; (prep)
similar to, reminiscent of.
ANTONYM: (prep) unlike
resentment: (n) grudge, displeasure,
indignation, anger, ill will, rancor,
umbrage, rage, envy, grievance,
passion. ANTONYMS: (n)
friendliness, happiness,
contentment, calm
reserve: (adj, v) save; (n) reservation,
backup, modesty, bank; (adj, n)
substitute; (v) keep back, maintain,
book, withhold, appropriate.
ANTONYMS: (n) warmth,
friendliness, informality,
approachability, arrogance,
boldness, brashness; (v) show, use;
(adj) active
reserved: (adj, n) cold, distant, frigid;
(adj) coy, reticent, diffident, bashful,
aloof, retiring, quiet, shy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) open,
forthcoming, uninhibited, relaxed,
warm, communicative, talkative,
free, definite, cordial, forward
reservedness: (n) reserve, modesty,
Sense and Sensibility
restraint, reticence, coldness,
coyness, limitation, backwardness
reside: (adj, v) inhabit, dwell; (v)
exist, occupy, remain, live, belong,
abide, lodge, populate, lie
residence: (n) home, house, dwelling,
lodging, accommodation, domicile,
occupancy, place, mansion,
habitation, manse. ANTONYM: (n)
vacancy
residing: (adj) residentiary, situated,
permanently fixed, placed,
residential, located
residue: (adj, n) remainder, remains,
residual; (n) balance, rest, leftover,
end, remnants, residuum, surplus;
(v) remain
resigned: (adj) patient, acquiescent,
yielding, pessimistic, abject, passive,
forbearing, obedient; (adj, v)
subdued; (v) bowed down, content.
ANTONYMS: (adj) resentful,
optimistic, intolerant
resist: (n, v) oppose, confront; (v)
rebel, defy, revolt, endure, reject,
protest, refuse, impede, fight back.
ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, yield,
assent, agree, suppress, favor,
accept, attract, obey, welcome
resisting: (adj) tough, tenacious,
sequacious, stringy, tough as
whitleather, resistant, recalcitrant,
opposing, making resistance, loath;
(v) resist
resolute: (adj, n) constant, firm, fixed,
steady; (adj, v) determined; (adj)
inflexible, brave, adamant, dogged,
unbending, courageous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, uncertain,
uncommitted, timid, fickle, feeble,
indecisive, flexible, flippant,
hesitant, undecided
resolutely: (adv) determinedly,
decidedly, steadfastly, decisively,
unfalteringly, boldly, steadily,
stubbornly, definitely, resolvedly,
unwaveringly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
irresolutely, indecisively,
uncertainly, feebly, hesitantly,
aimlessly
resolve: (n, v) purpose; (v) determine,
solve, decide, dissolve, decompose,
settle; (n) determination, firmness,
decision, resolution. ANTONYMS:
(n) weakness, irresoluteness,
vacillation, cowardice, flexibility,
indecisiveness, indifference; (v)
aggravate, complicate, exacerbate,
waver
resolved: (adj, v) resolute, firm,
certain; (adj) fixed, definite, set,
decided, conclusive, intent, solved,
positive. ANTONYMS: (adj)
undecided, flexible, irresolute,
unconfirmed, uncertain
resolving: (n) factoring, resolve,
settlement, solving, solution,
factorization, diagonalization,
declaration, firmness, resoluteness;
(v) solve
respectability: (n) reputation,
propriety, reputability, decorum,
honesty, honourableness, gentility,
dignity, repute, politeness; (adj)
respectableness. ANTONYMS: (n)
decadence, indecency, immorality
respectable: (adj) considerable,
decorous, fair, estimable, decent,
honorable, good, proper, creditable,
passable, honest. ANTONYMS: (adj)
bad, small, sordid, scruffy,
inadequate, unrespectable, paltry,
discourteous, inappropriate, sinful,
unacceptable
respectably: (adv) creditably,
decently, honorably, properly,
appropriately, admirably,
commendably, decorously, fitly,
justly, becomingly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) indecently, disreputably,
dishonorably
respected: (adj) illustrious,
respectable, honored, appreciated,
dear, revered, valued, redoubtable,
celebrated, glorious, famous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary,
unreliable, weak
respectful: (adj) deferential,
mannerly, dutiful, courteous,
attentive, obedient, reverential,
regardful, reverent, polite, humble.
ANTONYMS: (adj) cheeky,
impudent, insolent, rude,
contemptuous, disobedient,
scornful, nasty, sneering, irreverent,
impolite
respectfully: (adv) reverentially,
reverently, politely, courteously,
civilly, attentively, graciously,
submissively, obsequiously,
admiringly, regardfully.
ANTONYMS: (adv) impudently,
contemptuously, disdainfully,
rudely, insolently, audaciously,
sneeringly, nastily, irreverently,
disobediently, arrogantly
respecting: (prep) about, regarding,
apropos, as regards, pertaining to;
(adj) relative, not absolute,
pertaining, referring, loving
respective: (adj) individual, proper,
relative, several, appropriate,
peculiar, singular, corresponding,
private, personal, regardful

respects: (adj) abord, welcome; (n)
compliments, greeting, compliment,
baisemains, devoir, duty
rested: (adj) comfortable
restless: (adj) fidgety, uneasy,
impatient, restive, agitated, fretful,
turbulent, feverish; (adj, n) nervous,
apprehensive; (adj, v) unquiet.
ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed,
peaceful, lethargic, unbroken, still,
contented
restorative: (adj, n) analeptic,
corrective; (adj) recuperative,
healing, revitalizing, renewing; (n)
tonic, remedy, cure, bracer,
prophylactic. ANTONYM: (adj)
injurious
restore: (adj, v) repair, refresh; (v)
mend, reinstate, renew, renovate,
rejuvenate, replace, repay, fix,
rehabilitate. ANTONYMS: (v) break,
oust, neglect, confiscate, disrupt,
move, kill, remove, worsen
restored: (adj) new, healthy,
comfortable, convalescent
restoring: (n) reinstatement,
restoration; (adj) grateful, refective,
comforting, refreshing
restrain: (adj, v) confine; (v) control,
rein, hold, curb, bind, contain,
prevent, limit, repress; (n, v) check.
ANTONYMS: (v) encourage,
promote, unleash, impel, release,
intensify, increase, free, extend,
express, support
restrained: (adj) reserved, quiet,
modest, temperate, discreet, limited,
reasonable, subdued, unemotional,
reticent, guarded. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unrestrained, open, flashy,
immoral, ostentatious, wild, loud,
theatrical, outgoing, extravagant,
emotional
restraint: (n) bridle, reserve,
moderation, modesty, constraint,
control, restriction, curb; (n, v)
hindrance, check, limit.
ANTONYMS: (n) excess, abandon,
incentive, decadence, freedom,
unrestraint, depravity,
disorderliness, indulgence,
expression, incitement
restraints: (n) manacles, fetters,
chains
restriction: (n) restraint,
circumscription, confinement,
control, constraint, embargo; (n, v)
limit, hindrance, curb, check,
qualification. ANTONYMS: (n)
extension, liberty, affluence,
incitement, width
resume: (v) restart, regain,
Jane Austen
summarize, continue, revert, adopt,
recapitulate; (n, v) outline; (n)
digest, synopsis, summary.
ANTONYMS: (v) abandon,
suspend, die, discontinue, expand
resuscitation: (n) revival,
resurrection, resurgence,
reanimation, revitalisation,
revitalization, reviction,
revivification, recovery,
reappearance
retain: (v) keep, reserve, preserve,
have, maintain, continue, hold,
employ, engage, hire, own.
ANTONYMS: (v) expel, dismiss,
release, relinquish, fire, destroy, lack
retained: (adj) maintained, reserved,
durable, haunting, lasting, not shed,
permanent, persistent, relentless,
repaired, aeonian
retarded: (adj) slow, tardy, imbecile,
belated, delayed, simple, obtuse,
leisurely, dull, deferred, defective.
ANTONYM: (adj) precocious
retired: (adj) obscure, secluded,
sequestered, solitary, emeritus,
secret, lonely, withdrawn,
superannuated, close; (adj, v) covert
retort: (n, v) answer, return, riposte;
(n) response, rejoinder, repartee,
comeback; (v) respond, repay,
rejoin, alembic
retreat: (v) retire, withdraw, depart;
(n) refuge, departure, asylum, den,
lair, retirement; (n, v) resort, return.
ANTONYMS: (n) raid,
development, extension, arrival,
company; (v) progress, remain
retreated: (adj) withdrawn, people
retreating: (n) flight; (adj) moving
back
returning: (adj) regressive, return,
reversive, recurrent, coming back,
ebbing, flowing back, new, newly
appointed, newly elected, next.
ANTONYMS: (adj) outgoing,
unique, occasional
revealment: (n) disclosure, revelation
revenge: (n) retribution, vengeance,
reprisal, retaliation, repayment,
grudge, punishment; (v) retaliate,
repay, requite, vindicate
reverie: (n) dream, fantasy, air castle,
brown study, revery, trance,
abstraction, castle in Spain, castle in
the air; (adj) preoccupation,
distraction. ANTONYM: (n) reality
reverse: (adj, v) repeal, rescind,
annul, nullify, invert; (adj, n)
converse, contrary; (v) revoke,
countermand, overturn; (adj, n, v)
rear. ANTONYMS: (n) success,
449
victory, obverse, recto; (v) accept,
uphold, validate, reinforce, proceed;
(adj) forward, parallel
reverted: (adj) inverse
revival: (n, v) restoration; (n)
resurgence, renewal, resurrection,
recovery, renaissance, rally,
regeneration, revitalization, rebirth,
renascence. ANTONYMS: (n)
disappearance, deterioration,
downturn, slump
revive: (v) refresh, invigorate,
quicken, renew, renovate, restore,
resuscitate, animate, awake, repair,
recreate. ANTONYMS: (v)
demoralize, kill, slay, stagnate,
abandon, die, drain
revived: (adj) fresh, refreshed,
animated, revitalized, alive,
invigorated, new
reviving: (adj) bracing, restorative,
renewing, refreshing, revival, brisk,
enlivening, recuperative,
reanimating, promoting
recuperation, giving life.
ANTONYM: (adj) soothing
reward: (n, v) recompense, return,
compensation, guerdon, wage,
meed, prize, bribe; (v) repay,
requite; (n) payment. ANTONYMS:
(n) penalty, sentence; (v) dishonor,
penalize
rewarded: (v) crowned, honored,
excessive, consummated; (adj)
salaried, pleased, paid, happy,
satisfied, remunerated, content.
ANTONYM: (adj) frustrated
rheumatic: (adj) rheumatoid, creaky,
arthrodynic, creaking, decrepit,
palsied, stiff; (n) sufferer,
rheumatism, diseased person
rheumatism: (n) arthritis, atrophic
arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid
arthritis; (v) lumbago, podagra,
otalgia, neuralgia, earache,
cephalalgia, odontalgia, sciatica
ribbons: (n) cavesson, hackamore,
jaquima, lines, streamer, streamers,
ticker tape, paper chain, decoration,
decorations, bunting
richardson: (n) Ralph Richardson, sir
Ralph David Richardson
riches: (n, v) money; (n) affluence,
abundance, fortune, opulence,
plenty, prosperity, exuberance,
treasure, resources; (v) gold
ride: (n, v) outing; (adj, v) bestride;
(n) run, lift, jaunt; (v) mount, bait,
float, rag, tease, harass
rider: (n) horseman, appendix,
passenger, equestrian, supplement,
codicil, provision, clause, addition,
 450
condition, corollary
ridge: (n) ledge, bank, hill, shelf,
dune, swelling, projection,
ridgepole, peak, ghat; (n, v) crease.
ANTONYMS: (n) channel,
depression, base
ridicule: (n, v) laugh at, deride,
banter, insult, taunt, scorn, scoff; (n)
derision, mockery; (adj, n) irony; (v)
jeer. ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise,
respect; (v) approve; (n) approval,
admiration
ridiculous: (adj) foolish,
preposterous, funny, laughable,
ludicrous, inane, nonsensical,
comical, farcical, amusing, comic.
ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable,
inspiring, ordinary, sensitive,
acceptable, generous, normal,
possible, impressive, sane,
worthwhile
riding: (n) ride, horseback riding,
travel, hundred, tithing, soke,
travelling, manege, athletics; (v)
horsemanship; (adj) awheel
rightly: (adv) correctly, rightfully,
properly, accurately, appropriately,
exactly, fitly, straightly, fairly, really;
(adv, v) adequately. ANTONYMS:
(adv) wrongly, inappropriately,
incorrectly, immorally, unjustly,
partially, sinfully, unfairly, falsely
ringing: (n) buzz, peal, resonance,
ring, sound; (adj) reverberant,
jingling, loud, resounding, tinkling,
hollow
risen: (v) uprise
risking: (n) daily double, gaming,
perfecta, place bet, exacta
rival: (n) competitor, enemy, foe,
contestant; (adj, n, v) emulate; (n, v)
match, contest, corrival; (adj, v)
competitive; (v) compete, contend.
ANTONYMS: (adj) allied; (n)
partner, friend, supporter
robbed: (adj) plundered, rubato,
fleeced, borrowed, bereft
robbing: (adj) freebooting, practicing
freebootery; (n) theft
rocks: (n) sunken rocks, family
jewels, coral reef
rolling: (n) peal, curling, wheeling,
rolling movement, finish rolling,
pealing, crimping; (adj) resounding,
rolled, tumbling, resonating
romance: (n) love affair, fiction, story,
figment, intrigue, affair, tale, vagary;
(v) flirt, court, exaggerate
romantic: (adj) amorous, impractical,
fanciful, quixotic, unrealistic,
utopian, loving, amatory, fictitious;
(adj, n) visionary, romanticist.
Sense and Sensibility
ANTONYMS: (n) realist, classicist;
(adj) commonplace, graphic,
unromantic, unsentimental,
unhappy, prosaic, disapproving,
cool, realistic
rooted: (adj, v) fixed; (adj) ingrained,
immovable, inveterate, firm, set,
frozen, riveted, irremovable; (v)
imbedded, posited
rouse: (v) provoke, excite, arouse,
kindle, awaken, instigate, actuate,
disturb, move, agitate, incite.
ANTONYMS: (v) dampen,
dishearten, suppress, douse, inhibit,
stifle, quench
roused: (adj) excited, awake,
susceptible, emotional, elated,
interested
rousing: (adj) stirring, provocative,
bracing, thrilling, inspiring,
exhilarating, moving; (n)
awakening, wakening, stimulation;
(v) rouse. ANTONYMS: (adj)
conciliatory, dull, relaxing
rubber: (n) overshoe, galosh,
prophylactic, gum elastic,
caoutchouc, eraser, condom, latex,
ebonite, golosh; (v) rubberize
rude: (adj, n) rough, impudent,
coarse, abrupt, bold; (adj) blunt,
discourteous, impolite, brutal,
crude, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj)
polite, refined, courteous,
chivalrous, civil, proper, decent,
exact, clean, gentle, inoffensive
rugged: (adj, n) rough, jagged,
ragged; (adj) difficult, rocky, tough,
broken, robust, hilly, strong, craggy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) delicate, easy,
smooth, flimsy, fragile, soft, weak,
feeble
ruin: (n) devastation, desolation; (adj,
n) downfall; (v) break, consume,
demolish, destroy; (n, v) doom,
ravage, destruction, damage.
ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, enhance,
save, restore, improve; (n, v) respect;
(n) making, success, triumph, rise,
preservation
ruined: (adj, v) lost; (adj) dilapidated,
desolate, broke, broken, bankrupt,
finished, devastated, desolated,
insolvent, spoiled. ANTONYMS:
(adj) solvent, pure, rich, whole
ruins: (n) debris, wreck, remains,
remainder, carcass, wreckage, relics,
rubbish, shell, remnants, hulk
ruling: (n) rule, decree, edict,
decision, act, directive,
pronouncement, law; (adj) leading,
reigning, regnant. ANTONYMS:
(adj) subsidiary, minor; (n) request
rumour: (n, v) rumor; (n) hearsay,
fame, news, story, reputation,
scuttlebutt, tale; (v) bruit
rung: (n) rundle, grade, degree, stage,
stair, spoke, stave, crosspiece, tread,
step; (adj) ringed
rupture: (n, v) fracture, crack, tear,
split, burst; (n) rift, rent, hernia,
interruption, breach, breakage.
ANTONYMS: (n) repair, unity; (n,
v) mend
rushed: (adj) hurried, rush,
precipitate, rapid, unexpected,
hassled, immediate, instant,
instantaneous, quick, speedy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unhurried, slow,
considered, gradual
rushing: (adv) rushingly; (n) haste,
hurry, hurrying, running, hastening,
flush, movement; (adj) flowing,
headlong, moving
sacred: (adj) holy, hallowed,
dedicated, consecrated, divine,
religious, pious, spiritual, inviolable,
blessed; (adj, v) solemn.
ANTONYMS: (adj) profane,
unconsecrated, cursed, breakable
sacrifice: (n, v) oblation, forfeit; (v)
offer, immolate, offer up, give, give
up, relinquish; (n) immolation, loss,
forfeiture
sadly: (adv) pitifully, dolefully,
unfortunately, mournfully,
sorrowfully, woefully, dejectedly,
pathetically, wretchedly, forlornly;
(adj, adv) seriously. ANTONYMS:
(adv) cheerfully, contentedly,
gladly, joyfully, fortunately, luckily,
enthusiastically
sadness: (n, v) melancholy,
despondency; (adj, n) grief, distress;
(n) misery, sorrow, desolation,
regret, gloom, mourning, affliction.
ANTONYMS: (n) joy, amusement,
cheerfulness, laughter, contentment,
comfort, cheer, hopefulness
safeguard: (v) preserve, ensure,
cover, protect, defend; (n)
protection, care, precaution,
security; (n, v) shield, shelter.
ANTONYMS: (v) jeopardize,
expose, destroy, endanger
safely: (adv) surely, safe, certainly,
cautiously, soundly, strongly, sure,
steadily, harmlessly, unharmedly,
unhurtly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
harmfully, hazardously, loosely
sagaciously: (adv) wisely, astutely,
sapiently, judiciously, politicly,
prudently, cleverly, sharply,
perceptively, sagely, discreetly
sagacity: (n, v) discernment,

judgment, penetration; (n)
judiciousness, sense, prudence,
gumption, acumen, perspicacity;
(adj, n) discretion, wisdom.
ANTONYM: (n) foolishness
sail: (n, v) cruise, float, voyage, sheet;
(v) navigate, run, glide, drift, cross,
sweep, travel. ANTONYM: (v)
struggle
saint: (v) canonize; (n) holy man,
evangelist, apostle, jimdandy,
jimhickey, crackerjack, holy person,
ideal, apotheosis; (adj) sacred
sallow: (adj) pasty, pallid, bloodless,
sickly, wan, ashen, fair, white,
tawny, sandy; (n) osier.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dark, glowing
sally: (n) foray, quip, sortie, crack,
joke, wisecrack, coupe de main,
attack, onset, jaunt, excursion
salmon: (n) redfish, quisutsch,
blackfish, Chinook, salmonid,
orange, blue jack, salmon river,
river, red salmon, red
saloon: (n) pub, public house, salon,
parlour, pothouse, hall, barroom,
gin mill, alehouse, tavern, taproom
salutation: (n, v) salute; (n) reception,
hail, hello, welcome, address,
compliment, hullo, recognition,
interpellation, pax
sang: (n) panax quinquefolius, sing,
herb, herbaceous plant
sang-froid: (n) presence
sanguine: (adj) hopeful, optimistic,
bloody, rubicund, confident,
crimson, cheerful, buoyant,
sanguineous; (adj, n) red, florid.
ANTONYMS: (adj) pessimistic,
gloomy, doubtful
satirical: (adj) satiric, cutting,
mordant, mocking, ironic, biting,
scornful, sardonic, derisive; (adj, n)
keen; (n) ironical. ANTONYM: (adj)
sympathetic
satisfaction: (n, v) pleasure,
gratification, contentment, content;
(n) enjoyment, joy, complacency,
amends, reparation, redress,
recompense. ANTONYMS: (n)
displeasure, discontent, aggravation,
sorrow, dismay, anxiety
satisfactory: (adj) adequate,
competent, sufficient, good,
acceptable, ample, fair, tolerable,
decent, presentable, plenty.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inadequate,
unacceptable, poor, appalling,
disagreeable, bad, intolerable
satisfied: (adj) happy, content, full,
pleased, confident, complacent,
persuaded, fulfilled; (adj, v) certain,
Jane Austen
sure; (v) convinced. ANTONYMS:
(adj) frustrated, anxious,
disgruntled, hungry, insistent,
pensive, unsure, dissatisfied,
ashamed
satisfy: (v) please, persuade, meet,
satiate, indulge, sate, appease; (adj,
v) content, fill, suffice, do.
ANTONYMS: (v) intensify,
displease, disappoint, disgruntle,
frustrate
satisfying: (adj) satisfactory, pleasant,
enjoyable, gratifying, pleasurable,
welcome, good, comforting, hearty,
delightful, satisfy. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unrewarding, disappointing,
trying, light, frustrating,
unwelcome, unflattering,
insufficient, disagreeable
saucy: (adj, n) pert; (adj) bold,
impudent, audacious, insolent,
fresh, forward, impertinent,
flippant, rude, brazen. ANTONYM:
(adj) respectful
saved: (adj) protected, economized,
rescued, blessed
savings: (n) reserve, saving, fund,
store, funds, reserved fund,
resources, capital, cash, corps de
reserve, reserves
scanty: (adj) insufficient, few,
inadequate, bare, deficient, poor,
narrow, scant, light; (adj, v) spare,
lean. ANTONYMS: (adj) generous,
abundant, ample, strong
scarcely: (adv) narrowly, rarely,
hardly, just, scarce, uncommonly,
insufficiently, scantily, scantly, only
just, seldom. ANTONYMS: (adv)
easily, liberally
scattered: (adj) dissipated, thin,
disordered, disconnected, confused,
sparse, sporadic, distributed, rare,
diffuse; (v) disperse
scenery: (n) scene, prospect,
panorama, landscape, outlook,
nature, picture, vista, set, backdrop,
background
scissors: (n) clipper, shears, pair of
scissors, scissors hold, compound
lever, edge tool, scissor grip, scissors
grip; (adj, n) cutters
scold: (v) reprimand, chide, berate,
rebuke, abuse, lecture, reproach,
rail, grouch; (n, v) nag; (adj, n)
shrew. ANTONYMS: (v) praise,
compliment, approve
scorn: (v) despise, contemn, reject; (n,
v) ridicule, neglect, disregard,
deride, slight; (n) contempt,
derision, mockery. ANTONYMS: (n,
v) respect, praise; (v) appreciate,
451
revere, value, approve, admire,
accept; (n) admiration,
commendation, humility
scornfully: (adv) disdainfully,
disparagingly, haughtily,
derogatorily, condescendingly,
contumeliously, sneeringly,
arrogantly, sarcastically, derisively,
mockingly. ANTONYM: (adv)
humbly
scoundrel: (n, v) rascal; (n) knave,
blackguard, cad, villain, ruffian,
miscreant, crook, rapscallion, varlet,
scalawag
scrape: (n, v) scratch, graze, score,
mark; (v) rub, pare, rake, grate,
chafe, abrade; (n) abrasion
scratch: (n, v) mark, graze, notch,
scrape, nick, scrabble, dent, scar; (v)
rub, chafe, rake. ANTONYM: (v)
soothe
scratching: (n) scrape, scraping,
abrasion, mark, scar, poor
handwriting, incision, excoriation,
chicken feed; (adj) hoarse, abrasive
screened: (adj) covered, shielded,
sheltered, concealed, isolated, select,
invisible, shady, hazy, secluded, not
exposed
scruple: (adj, v) hesitate, demur,
pause; (n) hesitation, qualm,
misgiving, distrust, objection; (n, v)
mistrust; (v) falter, question
scruples: (n) conscience, moral sense,
sense of right and wrong, morality,
ethical motive, principle, ethics,
moral fiber, morals
scrupulous: (adj) careful, punctilious,
exact, conscientious, particular,
painstaking, accurate, prudent,
meticulous, rigorous, cautious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) sloppy,
unscrupulous, slapdash, relaxed,
guilty, deceitful
seal: (n, v) stamp; (v) plug, bar, caulk,
stop, shut; (n) cachet, hallmark,
imprint, signet; (adj) conclude.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) open; (v) unseal
sealed: (adj) hermetic, tight, certain,
plastered, Solen, shut, impervious,
irrevocable, tighter, still, preserved
seated: (adj) sat, sedentary
seating: (n) room, circle, parterre,
parquet, orchestra, service, way,
base, footing, housing, stand
seclude: (v) sequester, insulate,
detach, remove, separate,
quarantine, disconnect, dissociate,
keep apart, disengage, retreat
seclusion: (n) retreat, segregation,
retirement, isolation, secrecy,
concealment, insulation, separation,
 452
hermitage; (adj, n) solitude,
loneliness. ANTONYMS: (n)
company, closeness, inclusion
secrecy: (adj, n, v) privacy; (n)
concealment, silence, confidentiality,
darkness, seclusion, retirement,
mystery, secretiveness, privateness,
mum
secretly: (adv) privately,
confidentially, quietly, stealthily,
surreptitiously, furtively, in secret,
darkly, secretively, clandestinely,
occultly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
publicly, deliberately, brazenly
secrets: (n) secrecy
secured: (adj) secure, protected, firm,
locked, fast, bonded, bolted, barred,
latched, securer, obtained
securing: (adj) protective; (n)
acquisition, attainment, capture,
collection, deed, acceptance
sedateness: (n) gravity, composure,
sobriety, staidness, seriousness,
solemnity, placidity, calm, serenity,
tranquillity; (n, v) calmness.
ANTONYM: (n) cheerfulness
seduced: (adj) profaned, infatuated,
fascinated
seducer: (n) gallant, lady killer,
ladies' man, undoer, whoremonger,
seductor, tempter, charmer,
debauchee, dissolute person, flirt
seduction: (n) allurement, attraction,
temptation, enticement, lure,
conquest, persuasion, seducement;
(adj) fascination, enchantment,
witchery
sedulously: (adv) industriously,
assiduously, studiously, earnestly,
attentively, intently, painstakingly,
perseveringly, laboriously, fixedly,
eagerly
seeming: (adj) ostensible, superficial,
illusory, outward, probable,
deceptive, specious; (adj, n)
appearance, semblance; (n) aspect,
show. ANTONYMS: (adj) actual,
deep, inner
seized: (adj) confiscate, appropriated,
condemned, apprehended, grasped,
taken, held, seised, detained,
obtained, arraught
seizure: (n) arrest, confiscation,
capture, seizing, apprehension,
appropriation, attachment,
convulsion, detention; (adj, n)
attack, assumption. ANTONYMS:
(n) release, restoration, surrender
seldom: (adj) scarce, rare, few,
infrequent; (adv) occasionally,
infrequently, uncommonly, hardly,
scarcely, not often, once in a blue
Sense and Sensibility
moon. ANTONYMS: (adv) often,
seldom
self-command: (n) self-control, self-
government, self-restraint,
discipline, presence
self-condemnation: (n) regret,
penitence, guilt
self-control: (n) self-discipline,
patience, forbearance, abstinence,
temperance, temper, composure,
discipline, self-command, self-
possession, balance
self-denial: (n) renunciation,
abstinence, austerity, restraint,
temperance
self-evident: (adj) axiomatic, obvious,
apparent, demonstrable,
perspicuous, proverbial,
unquestionable
self-importance: (n) arrogance, pride,
conceit, pretension, assumption,
egoism, gall
self-interest: (n) selfishness
selfish: (adj) mean, greedy,
mercenary, egotistical, egotistic,
egoistic, self-interested, stingy,
egocentric, self-centered, covetous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) selfless,
altruistic, generous, altruism,
considerate, philanthropic,
thoughtful, constructive, concerned,
abstemious, kind
selfishness: (n) greed, egotism,
greediness, meanness, individuality,
opportunism, expedience,
individualism, self, selfness, selfish.
ANTONYMS: (n) altruism,
selflessness, sensitivity,
thoughtfulness, conformity,
generosity
self-reproach: (n) regret, repentance,
shame, penitence, contrition, guilt
sending: (n) forwarding, dispatch,
transmission, transmittal, send,
despatch, mailing, transport,
dispatching, dispatchment,
conveyance
sensation: (n, v) feeling, impression,
sense; (v) affection; (n) emotion, feel,
perception, wonder, sensibility,
sensitivity, thrill. ANTONYMS: (n)
deadness, flop, dud, calm, failure
sensations: (n) feelings, vibrations,
ambiance
senses: (adj) sober senses, sound
mind; (n) reason, mind, conception,
consciousness, judgment, faculties,
mother wit, right mind, sanity
sensibility: (adj, n, v) feeling, notion;
(n, v) sensation, appreciation, sense;
(n) emotion, sensitivity,
consciousness, perceptivity,
awareness; (adj, n) sentiment.
ANTONYM: (n) insensitivity
sensible: (adj) aware, sagacious,
prudent, rational, judicious,
perceptible, sane, wise, intelligent,
appreciable, sage. ANTONYMS:
(adj) ludicrous, crazy, unreasonable,
stupid, silly, ridiculous, reckless,
idiotic, outrageous, imprudent, mad
sensibly: (adv) sanely, intelligently,
rationally, pragmatically,
realistically, cleverly, politically,
perceptibly, soundly, noticeably,
wisely. ANTONYMS: (adv)
foolishly, ludicrously, ridiculously,
unreasonably, illogically, madly,
irrationally, hastily, stupidly,
irresponsibly, immaturely
sentiment: (n) emotion, mind, notion,
feeling, persuasion, opinion,
judgment, sense, judgement,
attitude, impression
sentiments: (n) breast
separated: (adj, prep) separate,
isolated, disjoined, distinct; (adj,
adv) apart; (adj) detached, divided,
disjointed, free, disjunct, discrete.
ANTONYMS: (adj) attached,
connected
separately: (adv) individually, apart,
discretely, one by one, severally,
asunder, aside, distinctly, abstractly,
singly, separatedly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) simultaneously, collectively
separation: (n) disjunction,
detachment, disunion, seclusion,
disconnection, rift, isolation,
divorce, parting, departure; (n, v)
division. ANTONYMS: (n)
unification, closeness, marriage,
union, unity, connection, bond,
integration, synthesis, inclusion,
meeting
servant: (n) manservant, domestic,
lackey, maid, employee, flunkey,
retainer, boy, footman, flunky,
menial. ANTONYMS: (n) master,
mistress
servants: (n) staff, suite
servilely: (adv) slavishly, menially,
subserviently, submissively,
meanly, abjectly, cringingly,
fawningly, sycophantically,
obediently, lowly
settle: (adj, n, v) fix, establish,
confirm; (n, v) place, set; (v) resolve,
clarify, pay, regulate, adjudicate,
agree. ANTONYMS: (v) float,
wander, prolong, owe, bungle,
open, provoke, rise, weaken,
worsen, complicate
settled: (adj) definite, set, firm,

permanent, certain, calm,
established, decided, formed,
defined, finished. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unsettled, exciting, temporary
settling: (n) settlement, subsidence,
defecation, dregs, clearing, sinking,
dreg, remission, cave in; (adj)
determining, definitive
seventeen: (n) large integer
severely: (adv) seriously, gravely,
badly, sternly, harshly, hardly,
strictly, rigidly, violently, sharply,
strongly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
leniently, gently, elaborately,
lightheartedly, slightly, mildly,
compassionately, tenderly, warmly,
superficially, modestly
severity: (n) rigor, austerity,
harshness, roughness, intensity,
inclemency, asperity, gravity,
hardness, tyranny, violence.
ANTONYMS: (n) leniency,
pleasantness, flexibility, clemency,
softness, insignificance, warmth,
lenience, brightness
shade: (n, v) screen, tinge, shadow,
tint, color, cloud; (n) ghost, hue,
blind, conceal, tone. ANTONYMS:
(n) brightness, glare; (v) brighten,
clarify, expose
shades: (n) shade, sunglasses, dark
glasses, shadow, glasses, blind,
awning, roller blind, eyeglasses
shake: (n, v) jolt, beat, jar, quiver,
wave; (v) agitate, excite, disturb;
(adv, v) brandish; (adj, v) quake,
totter. ANTONYMS: (v) soothe,
steady
shaken: (adj) jolted, agitated,
dilapidated, frayed; (v) passe, lame,
broken, threadbare, wilted, shaky,
vibrate
shakespeare: (n) the bard, William
Shakspere, William Shakespeare
shame: (n, v) disgrace, dishonor,
discredit, humiliate, degrade,
chagrin; (n) humiliation, modesty,
scandal, insult; (v) abash.
ANTONYMS: (n) pride,
glorification, making, worthiness;
(v) acknowledge, glorify, respect,
dignify
shamefully: (adv) ignominiously,
ingloriously, scandalously,
infamously, shockingly,
discreditably, basely, outrageously;
(adv, v) dishonorably, foully,
nastily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
commendably, compassionately,
nobly
shameless: (adj) bold, immodest,
profligate, depraved, audacious,
Jane Austen
blatant, barefaced, unscrupulous,
impudent, unblushing; (adj, v)
graceless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
restrained, abashed, ashamed,
discreet, prudish, apologetic
sharing: (n) communion,
dispensation, allotment, generosity,
apportionment, pooling, allocation,
division, show and tell, sharing out;
(adj) sexual
sheath: (n, v) cover; (n) envelope,
vagina, scabbard, blanket, casing,
skin, holster, tegument; (v) sheathe,
envelop
shed: (v) discard, drop, moult,
scatter, exuviate, molt, cast off,
dismiss; (n) shack, hut, cabin.
ANTONYMS: (v) keep, cover; (adj)
persistent
shedding: (n) molting, abscission,
fluffing, effusion, moulting,
biological process, desquamation,
sloughing, emission; (adj, n) peeling;
(adj) flaking
shelter: (n, v) guard, refuge, harbor,
protect, shield; (adj, n, v) screen; (n)
protection, asylum, sanctuary,
security, hut. ANTONYMS: (n)
danger, exposure; (v) endanger
shew: (v) demonstrate, prove, show,
contradict, establish, substantiate,
support, sustain, indicate, exhibit,
display. ANTONYM: (v) disprove
shield: (n, v) shelter, screen, cover,
guard, safeguard, buffer; (v)
preserve, secure, defend, hide; (n)
protection. ANTONYMS: (n)
danger, exposure; (v) endanger,
attack, reveal
shivering: (adj) quivering, shaking,
trembling, shaky, quaking,
tremulous, shuddering, chilled; (n)
chill, cold, shiver. ANTONYM: (adj)
composed
shocked: (adj) dismayed, aghast,
amazed, surprised, stunned,
distressed, afraid, speechless,
appalled, bewildered,
dumbfounded. ANTONYMS: (adj)
delighted, indifferent, unaffected
shocking: (adj) frightful, shameful,
formidable, ghastly, horrible,
hideous, disgraceful, disgusting,
scandalous; (adj, v) offensive,
abominable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
admirable, delightful, pleasing,
lovely, comforting, honorable,
wonderful, bland, inoffensive,
decent, excellent
shorten: (v) condense, reduce,
abbreviate, clip, abridge, cut, curtail,
cut back, contract, compress, dock.
453
ANTONYMS: (v) expand, prolong,
extend, complicate
shortness: (n) lack, abruptness,
brusqueness, curtness, briefness,
shortage, conciseness, gruffness,
curtailment, short, shortcoming.
ANTONYMS: (n) tallness, height,
longness, wordiness, courtesy
showers: (n) rain
showery: (adj) wet, pluvial, pluvious,
drizzly, drizzling, raining; (v)
streamy
shrewd: (adj) sharp, astute, keen,
piercing, clever, cunning, bright;
(adj, v) sagacious, knowing, crafty,
prudent. ANTONYMS: (adj) foolish,
gullible, naive, soft, candid, dim,
innocent, guileless, obtuse,
indiscriminate
shrubbery: (n) brush, plantation,
flora, parterre, shrub, scrub,
brushwood, hedge, thicket, bushes,
area
shuddering: (adj, n) quivering,
shaking; (adv) shudderingly; (n)
cold sweat, tremor; (adj) rough,
shaky, jumpy, quaking, shivery,
bumpy. ANTONYM: (adj) smooth
shuffling: (n) shuffle, evasion,
shambling, make, shamble; (adj)
evasive, moral turpitude, milling,
laxity, abjection; (n, v) prevarication
shutter: (n, v) close, shade; (n)
curtain, shut, blind, window,
skylight, deadlight, lid, louver,
jalousie
shutting: (n) closing, conclusion, end,
closure, ending, finish, mop up,
culmination, closedown; (adj)
confining, claudent. ANTONYM: (n)
opening
shyness: (n) diffidence, modesty,
bashfulness, humility, shame,
timidity, coyness, pudency,
timorousness, backwardness,
timidness. ANTONYMS: (n)
sociability, brashness, confidence,
urbanity, arrogance
sick: (adj) ill, queasy, poorly, ailing,
weary, diseased, sickly, morbid;
(adj, v) indisposed, unwell; (adj, n)
invalid. ANTONYMS: (adj) healthy,
fond, wholesome
sickly: (adj, adv) poorly; (n) invalid;
(adj) sick, ailing, pale, sallow,
indisposed, morbid, diseased; (adj,
n, v) infirm; (adj, v) faint.
ANTONYMS: (adj) healthy, bitter,
robust
sickness: (n, v) disease, indisposition,
malady, disorder, distemper,
ailment; (n) complaint, qualm,
 454
nausea, disgust, queasiness
sigh: (n, v) groan, suspire, murmur;
(v) breathe, languish, pine; (n)
breath, wail, whimper, whine,
suspiration
significancy: (n) import, sense,
purport, moment, meaning,
importance, consequence,
understanding, intent
signify: (n, v) intend, mark; (adj, n, v)
import; (v) imply, indicate, denote,
point, stand for, express, intimate,
matter
silenced: (adj) mute, muffled,
disabled
silently: (adv) mutely, stilly, quietly,
noiselessly, soundlessly, taciturnly,
wordlessly, secretly, speechlessly,
placidly, tacitly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
loudly, audibly, openly, brazenly
silk: (adj) silky, down, silken, velure,
velvet; (n) silks, satin, cloth, animal
fiber, fabric, dental floss
silks: (n) garment
silly: (adj) ridiculous, absurd,
childish, fatuous, irrational,
frivolous, idiotic, preposterous,
unreasonable; (adj, n) fool; (n)
imbecile. ANTONYMS: (adj)
mature, wise, rational, clever,
advisable, profound, reasonable,
responsible, significant
similarity: (n) parallelism, likeness,
kinship, parallel, identity,
conformity, parity, semblance,
sameness, affinity, comparison.
ANTONYMS: (n) difference,
contrast, disparity, isolation
simpering: (adj) mincing, affected,
smirk, prudish, nice
simplest: (adj) rudimentary
simplicity: (n) plainness, simpleness,
easiness, ease, clarity, austerity,
gullibility, severity, artlessness,
ignorance; (adj, n) inexperience.
ANTONYMS: (n) difficulty,
complexity, ambiguity,
magnificence, sophistication,
dishonesty, clutter, warmth
simpson: (n) Wallis Warfield
Simpson, duchess of Windsor,
Wallis Warfield Windsor
sincere: (adj, v) earnest, devout; (adj)
genuine, faithful, heartfelt, honest,
serious, open, artless, candid; (adj,
n) cordial. ANTONYMS: (adj)
insincere, dishonest, guarded,
flippant, affected, disingenuous,
hypocritical, cunning, unfaithful,
unenthusiastic, unbelievable
sincerely: (adv) candidly, honestly,
really, genuinely, heartily, openly,
Sense and Sensibility
earnestly, simply, truly, seriously,
unreservedly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
dishonestly, affectedly, flippantly,
jokingly, untruthfully,
unenthusiastically, pretentiously,
mildly
sincerity: (adj, n) candor, honesty,
integrity, probity, faithfulness; (n)
earnestness, heartiness,
genuineness, candour, frankness,
cordiality. ANTONYMS: (n)
dishonesty, hypocrisy, flippancy,
frivolity, affectedness, caution,
reticence, deceit, doubt
sing: (v) hymn, hum, chirp, drone,
intone, vocalize, pipe, carol, snitch;
(n, v) twitter, squeak
singing: (v) sing; (n) chanting,
caroling, crooning, hymnody,
humming, intonation, scat,
psalmody, harmonization; (adj)
cantabile. ANTONYM: (adj) silent
singly: (adv) one by one, separately,
independently, severally, solely,
respectively; (adj, adv) alone, only,
merely; (adj) single, particularly.
ANTONYM: (adv) multiply
sink: (n, v) sag, dip; (v) decline, fall,
set, descend, drop, fell, subside,
settle; (adj, n, v) droop.
ANTONYMS: (v) rise, float,
improve, increase, recover, drift,
ascend, raise
sister-in-law: (n) the wife of one's
elder brother
sisterly: (adj) sororal, fatherly,
motherly, sisterlike. ANTONYM:
(adj) brotherly
sisters: (n) sistren
situated: (adj) set, situate, placed,
sited, fixed, laid, contextualized,
hardened, dictated; (v) locate; (prep)
circumstanced
sixpence: (n) bender, coin, teston,
testern
sixteen: (n) large integer
sketch: (n, v) plan, outline, draft,
scheme, picture, project; (n)
drawing, cartoon, plot; (v) paint,
draw
sleepless: (adj) insomniac, lidless,
vigilant, wakeful, awake, watchful,
disturbed, alert, unquiet, uneasy,
restive
slight: (adj, adv) light; (adj) thin,
flimsy, slender, fragile, petty, little;
(adv, n, v) neglect; (n, v) insult,
scorn; (v) ignore. ANTONYMS: (adj)
considerable, major, obvious,
thickset, severe, wide, fat, intense,
heavy, likely; (v) acknowledge
slighted: (adj) hurt, injured, insulted,
heedless, careless, not regarded,
offended, regardless, upset
slighter: (adj) smaller, less
slightest: (adj) minimal, first, smallest
amount
slighting: (adj) belittling,
deprecating, deprecative,
deprecatory, depreciatory,
pejorative, derogatory, offensive,
invidious, abusive; (n) disregard.
ANTONYM: (adj) polite
slightingly: (adv) negligently,
slightly, lightly
slope: (n, v) pitch, slant, dip, tilt; (v)
cant, lean; (n) declivity, acclivity,
hill, gradient; (adj, n) inclination.
ANTONYMS: (v) level; (n) descent,
hollow, ascent
sloping: (adj, v) oblique, slope; (adj)
slanting, inclined, slanted, diagonal,
leaning, sloped; (adj, adv) aslope,
aslant; (v) slant. ANTONYMS: (adj)
horizontal, upright
slumber: (n, v) rest, doze, snooze,
nap, drowse, repose, catnap; (v) be
asleep, kip, take a nap; (n) siesta
slyly: (adv) craftily, artfully, secretly,
furtively, slily, cleverly,
surreptitiously, astutely, foxily,
knavishly, sly. ANTONYM: (adv)
brazenly
smallest: (adj) least, minimal, littlest,
lowest, last, first, negligible, smallest
number of, bottom, littler.
ANTONYM: (adj) maximum
smallness: (n) diminutiveness,
minuteness, slightness, puniness,
insignificance, scantiness, delicacy,
scantness, narrowness; (adj)
meagerness, slenderness.
ANTONYM: (n) tallness
smart: (adj, n) sharp, quick, bright; (n,
v) pain; (adj) shrewd, crafty, sly,
dapper, prompt, astute, intelligent.
ANTONYMS: (adj) stupid, scruffy,
unkempt, dim, shabby, slow, naive,
unfashionable, unstylish,
unintelligent, thick
smartness: (n) cleverness, style,
stylishness, brightness, intelligence,
clever, elegance, quickness, swank,
banter, jauntiness. ANTONYMS: (n)
messiness, stupidity, untidiness
smiling: (adv) smilingly; (adj) bright,
cheerful, jolly, joyful, of good cheer,
twinkly, fair, sunny; (n) grinning,
grin. ANTONYMS: (adj) sad,
gloomy
smitten: (adj, v) stricken; (adj) in love,
crazy, enamored, struck, nuts, dotty,
besotted, gaga, taken with, affected
smoothly: (adv) easily, evenly,

calmly, swimmingly, sleekly,
fluently, flatly, softly, quietly, oily;
(adj, adv) readily. ANTONYMS:
(adv) unevenly, harshly, abrasively,
awkwardly, huskily, hesitantly
snug: (adj, v) cosy, trim; (adj) cozy,
easy, comfy, tight, close, warm,
secure, homely; (v) neat.
ANTONYMS: (adj) baggy,
uncomfortable, unwelcoming, bleak,
formal, loose
sober: (adj, v) grave, sedate; (adj)
sane, earnest, quiet, solemn,
moderate, modest, serene, dull,
somber. ANTONYMS: (adj)
intoxicated, unrestrained, drunk,
playful, sensational, emotional,
cheerful, frivolous, funny, muddled,
delirious
sociable: (adj) outgoing, affable,
amicable, genial, congenial, cordial,
companionable, amiable, gracious,
agreeable; (adj, n) social.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unfriendly,
reserved, lonely, introvert,
discourteous, frosty, hostile,
inhospitable, disagreeable, shy,
inaccessible
sofa: (n) couch, lounge, divan, bench,
davenport, seat, squab, chair, form,
convertible, daybed
soften: (adj, v) moderate, mitigate,
mollify, assuage, relieve; (v) melt,
dull, relent, mute, alleviate; (adj, n,
v) palliate. ANTONYMS: (v) harden,
solidify, set, congeal, exacerbate,
freeze, sharpen, stand, increase
softened: (adj) diffused, muffled,
muted, quiet, slow, touched,
sluggish, soften, pultaceous,
subdued, low-key
softener: (n) plasticizer, softening
agent, fabric softener, sweetener,
solvent, softening plant, improver,
plasticiser, softening material, bribe,
chemical
soldier: (n) warrior, fighter,
serviceman, champion, ranker,
military personnel, swordsman,
trooper, cavalryman, guardsman,
janissary
sole: (n) bottom, flounder, base; (adj)
single, singular, one, exclusive,
individual, only, alone, solitary.
ANTONYM: (adj) common
solely: (adj, adv) exclusively, merely,
only, alone, barely; (adv) just, but,
entirely, wholly, purely, completely
solemn: (adj, n, v) serious; (adj, v)
sober, important, sedate, devout,
formal, demure; (adj) heavy,
dignified, sacred; (adj, n) earnest.
Jane Austen
ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous,
cheerful, unceremonious, funny,
playful, flippant, relaxed
solemnity: (n) seriousness, sobriety,
earnestness, formality, ceremony,
impressiveness, austerity,
sedateness, display, pomp,
grandeur. ANTONYMS: (n) humor,
levity, cheerfulness, understatement
solemnly: (adv) earnestly, gravely,
majestically, stately, sternly, staidly,
thoughtfully, soberly, formally,
ceremoniously, importantly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) cheerfully,
flippantly
solicitation: (n) petition, appeal,
importunity, invitation, entreaty,
allurement, request, prayer,
instance, demand; (n, v) postulation
solicitous: (adj) eager, attentive,
apprehensive, careful, anxious,
jealous, considerate, avid,
thoughtful, fervent; (n) desirous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring, serene,
thoughtless
solicitude: (n) care, consideration,
anxiety, thought, apprehension,
regard, attention, fear, disquietude,
heed, fret. ANTONYMS: (n)
negligence, serenity,
thoughtlessness
solidly: (adv) steadfastly,
substantially, strongly, stably,
steadily, stoutly, compactly,
soundly, securely, sturdily,
consistently. ANTONYMS: (adv)
feebly, unreliably, weakly, sparsely
solitary: (adj) forlorn, only, alone,
single, lonely, lone, sole,
unaccompanied, isolated; (adj, n)
recluse; (n) hermit. ANTONYMS:
(adj) sociable, combined, common,
outgoing
solitude: (n) desolation, loneliness,
seclusion, privacy, aloneness,
isolation, retirement, lonesomeness,
retreat, desert, solitariness.
ANTONYMS: (n) companionship,
closeness
sometime: (adv) someday, once, one
day, formerly, sooner or later; (adj)
quondam, erstwhile, former, old,
late; (adj, adv) sometimes
sooner: (adj, adv) rather, earlier,
before, preferably, instead; (adv)
first, before now, faster, previously,
beforehand; (adj) prior
sooth: (n) verity, soothsaying, fact,
truth, reality
soothe: (n, v) comfort, allay, console,
solace; (v) alleviate, palliate, ease,
calm, mitigate; (adj, v) appease; (adj,
455
n, v) assuage. ANTONYMS: (v)
upset, irritate, aggravate, annoy,
intensify, worry, enrage, scare,
provoke, incite, disturb
soothing: (adj) calming, soft, smooth,
pacifying, quiet, restful, bland, calm,
assuasive; (adj, n) softening; (n)
alleviation. ANTONYMS: (adj)
upsetting, disturbing, hostile, scary,
worrying, stimulating, exasperating,
annoying, invigorating, painful,
intimidating
sore: (adj, n, v) hurt; (adj) sensitive,
angry, grievous, raw; (n) injury,
lesion, cut, boil; (v) acute; (adj, v)
sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy,
healthy, pleased, comfortable
sorrow: (n, v) regret, lament, grieve;
(v) mourn; (n) mourning, heartache,
repentance, remorse; (adj, n)
sadness, misery; (adj, n, v) distress.
ANTONYMS: (n) joy, delight,
happiness, peace, hopefulness,
cheerfulness, shamelessness, calm,
content; (v) rejoice
sorrowful: (adj) melancholy, doleful,
sad, rueful, lugubrious, gloomy,
dreary, grievous, piteous, unhappy,
mournful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
cheerful, content, joyful, successful
soul: (n) creature, human, person,
personification, ghost, individual,
mind, essence, life, self; (adj, n)
heart. ANTONYMS: (n) surface,
body
soured: (adj) rancid, sore,
disenchanted. ANTONYM: (adj)
unsoured
sourness: (n) acerbity, tartness,
bitterness, sour, sharpness,
moroseness, acidulousness, ill
nature, keenness, huffishness, moral
roughness. ANTONYMS: (n)
kindness, warmth, sugariness
spacious: (adj) broad, extensive,
large, wide, ample, commodious,
vast, capacious, comprehensive,
open, great. ANTONYMS: (adj)
cramped, narrow, airless,
overcrowded
spare: (adj, v) free, reserve, save, thin;
(adj) slender, slight, additional, lean;
(adj, n) extra, excess; (v) exempt.
ANTONYMS: (n) shortfall, original;
(adj) principal, fat, basic, abundant,
stout; (v) need, include
sparkling: (adj, v) effervescent; (adj)
bright, brilliant, radiant, glittery,
bubbly, glittering, scintillating,
shining, scintillant; (n) sparkle.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dirty,
lifeless, lethargic
 456
sparks: (n) fire
spasm: (n) fit, outburst, cramp,
attack, twitch, paroxysm,
convulsion, pain, pang, start, tic
speaks: (n) talks
specimen: (n) exemplar, instance,
example, copy, pattern, person,
representative, individual, model,
illustration, type
speculation: (n) guess, venture,
reflection, meditation, guesswork,
gamble, supposition, theory,
surmise, adventure, conjecture.
ANTONYM: (n) fact
speculative: (adj) risky, theoretical,
academic, inquisitive, notional,
hypothetical, chancy, conjectural;
(adj, v) contemplative, reflective; (v)
meditative. ANTONYMS: (adj)
definite, moderate, practical, proven
speedily: (adj, adv) quickly, quick,
immediately; (adv) rapidly,
promptly, hastily, swiftly, fast,
apace, hurriedly, fleetly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) later, eventually
speedy: (adj, v) rapid, prompt, fleet,
swift; (adj) fast, agile, ready,
immediate, cursory, hurried, brisk.
ANTONYMS: (adj) leisurely,
plodding
spirited: (adj) animated, frisky,
energetic, racy, bold, gritty, quick,
enthusiastic, dashing, peppy, brave.
ANTONYMS: (adj) spiritless,
lifeless, feeble, cowardly, apathetic,
lethargic, spineless, dull, solemn,
sluggish, lackluster
spiritless: (adj) listless, inanimate,
languid, flat, cheerless, soulless,
dead, depressed; (adj, v) feeble, low;
(v) soft. ANTONYMS: (adj) brave,
lively, happy, decisive
spirits: (n) alcohol, booze, humor,
frame of mind, liqueur, strong
drink, hard drink; (adj) cheer,
geniality, good humor; (v) wine
spite: (n) malice, grudge, hatred,
malevolence, rancour, venom,
rancor, maliciousness, ill will,
animosity; (n, v) pique.
ANTONYMS: (v) please; (n)
benevolence, goodwill, love,
affection, harmony
splendidly: (adv) gallantly,
brilliantly, famously, beautifully,
gloriously, gorgeously,
resplendently, superbly,
sumptuously, excellently, grandly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) badly, terribly,
abysmally, modestly, simply,
meagerly
spoil: (n, v) ruin; (v) rot, corrupt, mar,
Sense and Sensibility
deface, sack; (adj, v) impair,
damage, injure, harm, indulge.
ANTONYMS: (v) improve,
conserve, enliven, help, abuse,
beautify, deny, neglect, correct,
respect, clean
spoiling: (n) spoilage, spoilation,
despoliation, deterioration,
detriment, erosion, indulgence,
injury; (v) withering; (adj) easy,
lenient
spoilt: (adj) spoiled, blighted, be
stunted, destroyed, unsound,
corrupt, disordered, reproduced
fraudulently, defective, defiled, big
spontaneous: (adj, v) gratuitous, free;
(adj) instinctive, natural, automatic,
impromptu, improvised, offhand,
impetuous, impulsive,
extemporaneous. ANTONYMS:
(adj) forced, prearranged, prepared,
induced, considered, calculated,
inhibited, welcome, affected,
voluntary, premeditated
sporting: (adj) fair, sportsmanlike,
clean, gambling, betting, dissipated,
athletic, adventurous, sporty; (v)
tauromachy; (n) diversion.
ANTONYM: (adj) unsporting
sportsman: (n) athlete, shikari,
player, jock, sportswoman,
fisherman, huntsman, gamester,
play, hunter, reveler
spotted: (adj) mottled, speckled,
dappled, piebald, blotchy, dotted,
flyblown, multicolored, stained,
spotty, flecked. ANTONYM: (adj)
uniform
spreading: (n) dissemination,
propagation, dispersion, circulation,
spread, dispersal, extension, scatter,
distribution; (adj) scattering,
diffusing
spurned: (adj) jilted, unloved
stable: (adj, adv) firm; (adj) reliable,
stationary, fixed, fast, lasting,
constant, durable, secure, solid,
sound. ANTONYMS: (adj) shaky,
wobbly, dangerous, volatile,
precarious, rickety, tenuous,
temperamental, fickle, temporary;
(adv) loosely
staid: (adj, v) serious, sedate, grave,
solemn, sober, demure; (adj) calm,
quiet, composed, somber, decorous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous,
exciting, funny, daring, playful,
bright, relaxed
staircase: (n) stair, ladder, flight,
steps, flight of steps, stairs,
backstairs, escalator,
companionway, way, entrance
stake: (n, v) risk, chance, venture, bet,
wager, post, pole, gamble, support;
(n) interest, shaft
stare: (n, v) gaze, look; (v) gape, glare,
peer, squint, goggle, see, outface; (n)
regard, contemplation. ANTONYM:
(v) glance
startled: (adj) dumbfounded,
dismayed, distressed, aghast,
frightened, astonished, amazed,
terrified, afraid, shocked, astounded
starved: (adj) famished, starving,
ravenous, meager, emaciated,
malnourished, thin, esurient,
hungerly, lean, starveling.
ANTONYM: (adj) healthy
stated: (adj) set, declared, explicit,
regular, certain, established, settled,
avowed, alleged, definite; (adv)
given
stating: (n) reference
staying: (n) stays, arrest; (adj)
continual, old, left
steadfast: (adj, v) solid, firm,
permanent, loyal, fast, fixed,
immovable, faithful; (adj) resolute,
determined, steady. ANTONYMS:
(adj) irresolute, disloyal, unreliable,
undependable, uncommitted, weak,
transient, fickle, compliant,
acquiescent, inconstant
steadily: (adv) constantly, stably,
regularly, fixedly, strongly,
continually, steadfastly, uniformly,
tightly, calmly, determinedly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) unsteadily,
nervously, loosely, weakly, rapidly,
suddenly, excitedly, haphazardly,
inconsistently, unevenly
steadiness: (adj, n) stability, firmness,
steadfastness; (n) regularity,
equilibrium, consistency, resolution,
permanence, persistence, sureness;
(adj) stableness. ANTONYMS: (n)
unsteadiness, instability,
unreliability
steady: (adj, v) steadfast, even,
secure, resolute, regular, calm,
sedate; (adj, adv) stable; (adj)
constant, continual, fixed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) shaky, wobbly,
intermittent, unreliable, irregular,
fluctuating, inconsistent,
unbalanced, unstable, unfaithful;
(adv) unsteadily
stealing: (n) pilferage, larceny, theft,
steal, burglary, misappropriation,
embezzlement, stolen, thievery,
pilfering, thieving
steep: (adj, v) immerse, soak; (v)
douse, dip, imbue, saturate; (adj,
adv) excessive; (adj, n) abrupt; (adj)

sheer, outrageous, exorbitant.
ANTONYMS: (adj) gradual,
undulating, inexpensive, flat,
lenient, reasonable, cheap; (v) dip
stepped: (v) advanced, gone, stopen
stepping: (n) steps
sterling: (adj) sound, fine, authentic,
reliable, genuine, pure, good,
infallible, excellent; (n) pound
sterling, pound. ANTONYM: (adj)
spurious
steward: (n) flight attendant, waiter,
keeper, warden, attendant, curator,
caretaker, administrator, janitor,
chamberlain, stewardess
stiffly: (adv) firmly, stiff, awkwardly,
unbendingly, difficultly, woodenly,
strongly, formally, stringently,
clumsily, strictly. ANTONYM: (adv)
loosely
stimulated: (adj) excited, ablaze,
intoxicated, aroused, roused,
motivated, affected, aflame, angry,
angry waves, randy
sting: (n, v) bite, hurt, con, pain; (v)
prick, itch, irritate, prickle, goad,
provoke, smart. ANTONYMS: (v)
calm; (n) honesty
stipulate: (n, v) condition, contract,
agree; (v) set, fix, designate, bargain,
specify, negotiate, determine, assign
stirred: (adj) excited, agitated,
moved, affected, aroused,
emotional, aflame, Stirn, horny,
susceptible, stirred up
stirring: (adj) lively, exciting, alive,
rousing, spirited, touching, thrilling,
active; (n) agitation; (v) eventful,
brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj)
depressing, boring, inactive, dull,
conciliatory, asleep, uninspiring,
unimpressive; (n) suppression
stocks: (n) stock, bilboes, provisions,
securities, whipping post, inventory,
store, supplies, supply, bonds,
instrument of punishment
stole: (n) wrap, stolen, scarf, stolon,
stealing, robe, alb, tunicle, surplice,
alba, cassock
stolen: (adj) stealed, stole, stealing,
steal, steals, furtive, stealthy, secret,
taken, misbegotten, sly
stomach: (adj, v) brook, digest; (v)
endure, stand, abide, bear, suffer,
tolerate, take; (n) abdomen, appetite
stopping: (n) stoppage, cessation,
shutdown, padding, fillet,
suspension, stay, discontinuance,
abeyance, interruption; (adv)
haltingly
storm: (n, v) rush, tempest, hail,
attack, assault, charge; (v) fume; (n)
Jane Austen
shower, blizzard, hurricane, gust.
ANTONYM: (n) trickle
stormy: (adj, n) inclement, boisterous,
rough, severe; (adj) fierce, windy,
wild, dirty, foul, tempestuous,
blustering. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
still, pleasant, fair, mild, relaxed
stout: (adj, n) sturdy, stocky, hearty;
(adj) hardy, strong, robust, obese,
husky, bold, corpulent, fleshy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, slim,
flimsy, cowardly, slight, skinny,
fragile, weak
strains: (n) tension, tenseness
strangeness: (n) oddity, oddness,
quaintness, peculiarity, curiousness,
abnormality, weirdness, foreignness,
queerness, singularity, quirk.
ANTONYMS: (n) familiarity,
nativeness
stranger: (n) foreigner, outsider,
newcomer, outlander, immigrant,
intruder, unknown, tramontane,
trespasser; (adj) foreign, strange.
ANTONYMS: (n) pal, native,
associate, resident, familiar
strangers: (n) stranger
strengthen: (v) confirm, corroborate,
brace, enhance, encourage,
invigorate, intensify, fortify,
toughen, stiffen, increase.
ANTONYMS: (v) undermine,
damage, sap, decrease, atrophy,
demoralize, dilute, diminish,
exhaust, reduce
strengthened: (adj) consolidated,
sinewed, made firm, comfortable,
built, strong, equipped
strengthening: (n) fortification,
concentration, reinforcement,
consolidation, transformation,
transmutation, reenforcement,
reinforcing, intensification; (v)
strengthen; (adj) bracing.
ANTONYM: (n) weakening
stretch: (adj, n, v) strain; (adj, v)
extend, elongate, lengthen; (n)
extent, expanse; (v) prolong, draw;
(n, v) run, spread, range.
ANTONYMS: (v) shorten, shrink,
withdraw, narrow, relax; (adj)
inflexible
stretched: (adj) extended, stiff, tight,
tense, stretched out, strained,
expanded, outstretched, elongated,
outspread, prolonged.
ANTONYMS: (adj) loose, short
strict: (adj) severe, stern, rigid,
correct, austere, rigorous, harsh,
scrupulous; (adj, v) exact, accurate,
precise. ANTONYMS: (adj) lenient,
lax, free, negligent, imprecise,
457
flexible, relaxed, loose, gentle,
inaccurate, liberal
strictly: (adv) rigorously, severely,
exactly, correctly, stringently,
sternly, rigidly, precisely, closely,
literally, harshly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) loosely, leniently,
lightheartedly, negligently,
inaccurately, unlawfully, falsely,
amenably
striking: (adj) outstanding, dramatic,
spectacular, salient, imposing,
conspicuous, vivid, remarkable,
notable, astonishing; (n) strike.
ANTONYMS: (adj) ugly, ordinary,
unimpressive, unremarkable,
inconspicuous, unattractive,
uninteresting, plain, insignificant,
humble, obscure
strikingly: (adj, adv) notably,
signally, unusually, singularly; (adv)
prominently, stunningly,
imposingly, impressively, markedly,
outstandingly, obviously
string: (n) chain, twine, strand, series,
filament; (adj, n) file, row, range,
rank; (n, v) run, thread. ANTONYM:
(v) unstring
strive: (v) endeavor, contend, contest,
struggle, fight, attempt, combat,
strain, work, aspire, aim
striving: (n) nisus, pains, endeavor,
strife, try, strain, attempt, strive,
ambition, struggle, exertion.
ANTONYM: (adj) unmotivated
stroke: (adj, n) blow; (n, v) touch,
caress, mark, buffet, lick, pat; (n)
beat, hit, knock, bang
stronger: (adj) reprobate, insensible,
reproof, iniquity, hardening,
shameless, graceless, immoralities,
ministry; (v) Milman, misery
struck: (adj, v) smitten; (v) stroke;
(adj) affected, afflicted, doting,
dotty, enamored, gaga, hurt, in love,
infatuated
struggling: (v) strive; (adj) harassed,
hostile, under pressure, stressed,
aggressive, agonizing, rebellious,
belligerent, careworn; (n)
colluctation
stubborn: (adj) contrary, hard,
intractable, perverse, rigid,
determined, persistent, refractory,
tenacious, obdurate, inveterate.
ANTONYMS: (adj) compliant,
irresolute, flexible, amenable, docile,
easygoing, malleable, agreeable,
accommodating, cooperative, feeble
studied: (adj) deliberate, calculated,
conscious, premeditated, affected,
elaborate, learned, intended,
 458
designed, willful; (v) advised.
ANTONYMS: (adj) spontaneous,
unstudied, casual
stuffed: (adj) crammed, packed,
congested, replete, loaded, filled,
fraught, chock-full, crowded,
jammed, gorged. ANTONYMS: (adj)
hungry, lacking
stupor: (n) lethargy, stupefaction,
coma, shock, insensibility,
unconsciousness, trance,
sluggishness, torpor, haze,
grogginess. ANTONYMS: (n)
alertness, awareness, wakefulness
styled: (v) titled, named, benempt
stylish: (adj) fashionable, elegant,
dapper, chic, dressy, trendy,
modern, natty, neat, popular, smart.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unfashionable,
unstylish, styleless, bland, plain,
unsophisticated, awkward, modern,
out, primitive, shabby
subdue: (adj, n, v) conquer; (v)
overpower, crush, defeat, quell,
quash, suppress, restrain; (n, v)
reduce; (adj, v) repress; (adv, v)
control. ANTONYMS: (v) incite,
enliven, resist, submit
subdued: (adj) quiet, muffled, dull,
restrained, muted, tame, faint,
repressed, low, meek; (adj, v)
resigned. ANTONYMS: (adj)
enthusiastic, lively, uninhibited,
unsubdued, rebellious, noisy, bright,
elaborate, frivolous, upbeat
subjection: (n) conquest, oppression,
captivity, bondage, confinement,
servitude, dependence,
enslavement, slavery, repression,
subjugation
submission: (n) compliance,
obedience, acquiescence, bid, offer,
deference, entry, presentation,
conformity; (adj, n) resignation,
surrender. ANTONYMS: (n)
defiance, divergence, disobedience
submissive: (adj) obedient, passive,
meek, dutiful, obsequious, docile,
compliant, resigned, subject, lowly,
servile. ANTONYMS: (adj)
assertive, resistant, disobedient,
defiant, obstinate, rebellious, wild,
intractable, proactive; (adv) bossily
submit: (v) comply, obey, acquiesce,
give in, present, hand in, put
forward, hand over, propose, give;
(n, v) resign. ANTONYMS: (v)
resist, persevere, defy, overpower,
face, disobey, conquer
submitting: (n) submission,
delegation; (v) submit; (adj) ductile
subservient: (adj) submissive,
Sense and Sensibility
subordinate, obsequious, accessory,
obedient, servile, slavish, ancillary,
menial, compliant, humble.
ANTONYMS: (adj) disobedient,
independent, superior, assertive
subsist: (v) exist, be, survive, abide,
last, reside, live on, dwell, obtain,
continue, breathe. ANTONYM: (v)
perish
subsisting: (adj) extant, living
substance: (adj, n) subject; (n) body,
significance, import, material,
matter, meaning, amount, means,
gist, core. ANTONYMS: (n)
meaninglessness, lightness, surface
succeed: (v) follow, arrive, prosper,
prevail, manage, supplant, ensue,
supersede, do, achieve, flourish.
ANTONYMS: (v) fail, precede, lose,
botch, restore, neglect, Miss,
deteriorate
succeeding: (adj) following,
subsequent, after, consecutive,
posterior, ensuing, consequent,
successive, consequential; (adj, adv)
later; (v) succeed. ANTONYMS:
(adj) outgoing, preceding
succession: (n) series, run, round,
chain, string, lineage, row,
continuation, concatenation, course,
reversion
successively: (adv) in turn, one after
the other, in succession,
sequentially, serially, running, in
order, gradually, subsequently,
repeatedly, one after another
succour: (n, v) succor; (n) consolation,
relief, ministration, mercy,
assistance, helping, ease,
embossment; (v) relieve, further
sufferer: (n) victim, martyr, prey,
casualty, invalid, depressive,
diseased person, sick person,
rheumatic, diabetic, neurotic
suffice: (v) satisfy, do, answer,
content, fulfill, be sufficient, qualify,
function, be enough, suit, fulfil
sufficiently: (adv) fully,
satisfactorily, enough, amply, quite,
properly, competently, decently,
abundantly, goodly, completely.
ANTONYM: (adv) inadequately
suggesting: (n) proposal; (adj)
symptomatic of, insinuating,
suggestive of
suited: (adj, v) proper, fit, fitted,
adapted, convenient; (adj)
appropriate, good, apt, eligible,
capable, useful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
incompatible, wrong, inappropriate
suitor: (n) plaintiff, suer, admirer,
beau, candidate, complainant,
gallant, boyfriend, applicant,
petitioner; (n, v) wooer
summons: (n) call, invitation,
bidding, process, writ, invocation,
warrant, command; (n, v) summon;
(v) demand, cite
sunk: (adj) sunken, undone, finished,
ruined, profound, immersed,
damaged, lowed, lying flat; (v) cut
up, dashed
sunshine: (n) sunlight, sun, day,
light, fair weather, gladness, shine,
glee, sunbeam, delight, brightness
superannuated: (adj) obsolete,
decrepit, antiquated, outdated,
retired, effete, outmoded, archaic,
passe, overage, overaged
superintend: (v) oversee, manage,
direct, administer, control, run,
supervise, govern, handle, overlook,
inspect
superior: (adj) dominant, exceptional,
predominant, better, great, proud,
arrogant, excellent, select, high; (adj,
n) elder. ANTONYMS: (adj, n)
inferior, subscript; (adj) humble,
worse, poor, adscript, junior, lesser,
low; (n) subordinate, associate
superiority: (n) predominance,
priority, excellence, mastery,
precedence, preference, distinction,
supremacy, domination, eminence;
(adj, n) odds. ANTONYMS: (n)
humility, weakness, friendliness,
mediocrity, simplicity
supper: (n) meal, tea, lunch, repast,
reception, mealtime, siesta, social
affair; (v) dejeuner, bever, whet
supplication: (n, v) entreaty,
solicitation; (n) petition, invocation,
appeal, request, rogation, plea,
orison, blessing, imploration
supplied: (n) supplying; (adj)
adequate, ample, copious, complete,
fitted, impregnated, made pregnant,
offered, perfect, plenteous.
ANTONYM: (adj) unavailable
supplying: (n) supply, issue, feeding,
logistics, issuing, issuance,
irrigation, alimentation, purveyance;
(v) furnish, provide
supports: (n) ropes, chains, rigging
supposing: (adv) admitting,
conditionally, in case; (n)
supposition, conjecture, thought,
theory, assumption; (conj) although,
what if; (v) suppose
supposition: (n, v) conjecture; (n)
assumption, hypothesis,
presumption, premise, speculation,
surmise, guess, supposal, thought,
imagination. ANTONYMS: (n) fact,

knowledge, proof, reality, practice
surpass: (v) beat, outdo, exceed,
surmount, better, excel, outstrip,
overcome, overrun, best, go beyond.
ANTONYMS: (v) fail, lose, follow,
trail
surpassing: (adj) excellent, superior,
transcendent, exceptional,
prodigious, fine, outstanding,
extraordinary; (v) surpass; (adv)
surpassingly; (prep) above
surplice: (n) robe, Geneva gown
frock, gown, pallium
surrounded: (adj) enclosed, ingirt,
not independent, ringed, inside,
rooted, conditioned, circumstanced,
bounded; (v) beset, furnished
surrounding: (prep) round, about;
(adj) encompassing, encircling,
environmental, circumambient,
adjoining; (adv) around; (n)
surroundings, circumstances,
enclosing
surveying: (n) mensuration,
measurement, investigation,
triangulation; (v) inspect, examine;
(adj) observant
surviving: (adj) extant, living,
enduring, survive, remaining,
existing, present, ongoing, in
existence, current, absolute
suspect: (v) mistrust, suppose,
distrust, conjecture, guess, surmise,
divine, disbelieve; (adj) fishy,
questionable, shady. ANTONYMS:
(adj) trustworthy, trusted, innocent,
reliable, credible, aboveboard; (n)
plaintiff; (v) know, believe
suspected: (adj) supposed, doubted,
suspicious, suspicion, inspiring
distrust, distrusted
suspended: (adj) hanging, dormant,
pendulous, abeyant, dangling, in
abeyance, inactive, pendant, in
suspension, pensile, suspensory
suspense: (n) doubt, expectancy,
anticipation, indecision, insecurity,
unrest, expectation, irresolution,
suspension, tension; (adj, n)
hesitation. ANTONYM: (n)
knowledge
suspicion: (n) distrust, inkling,
misgiving, hunch, qualm, scruple,
surmise, supposition; (n, v) doubt,
mistrust, fear. ANTONYMS: (n)
certainty, knowledge, information,
carelessness, recklessness, certitude
suspicions: (adj) entertain doubts,
have doubts; (n) doubts, misgivings,
reservations, qualms, worries, fears,
uncertainties
suspicious: (adj) questionable,
Jane Austen
distrustful, shady, queer, doubtful,
dubious, incredulous, fishy, funny,
jealous, mistrustful. ANTONYMS:
(adj) gullible, trustworthy,
aggressive, aboveboard, certain,
unsuspecting, unquestionable,
believable, straight, palpable,
innocent
swallow: (n, v) drink, gulp, taste, sip,
swig; (v) bolt, consume, devour,
accept, stomach, endure.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) sip; (v) doubt,
expel, disbelieve, reject, express
swallowed: (adj) engulfed, gulped,
inundated, overcome,
overwhelmed, flooded,
overpowered, enclosed
sweep: (adj, v) brush, rake; (n, v)
range, reach, sway; (n) compass,
expanse, scope, field; (v) sail; (adj, n)
curve
sweetly: (adv) pleasantly, sweet,
mildly, melodically, melodiously,
softly, syrupily, beautifully,
pleasingly, dulcetly, fairly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) discordantly,
horribly, sharply, harshly, unkindly
sweetmeats: (n) rapier, plait, pastry,
lugging, food, tuck
sweetness: (n) sugariness, sweet,
redolence, pleasantness, fragrance,
aroma, charm, perfume, amenity,
niceness, kindness. ANTONYMS:
(n) sourness, sharpness,
unpleasantness, harshness,
tastelessness, unkindness
swell: (n, v) rise, heave, increase,
wave, billow; (v) enlarge, expand,
puff, grow, bloat; (adj, n) dandy.
ANTONYMS: (v) deflate, desiccate,
shrink, compress, concentrate, wane;
(n, v) decline; (adj) bad, horrible,
shabby, awful
swelling: (n) protuberance, lump,
swell, intumescence, growth,
projection, prominence, bulge,
dropsy; (adj, v) inflated; (adj)
growing. ANTONYM: (n) decline
swept: (adj) clean
swollen: (adj, v) inflated, distended;
(adj) bombastic, puffy, turgid,
puffed, high, egotistic, bulging; (v)
blown; (adj, prep) pompous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) contracted,
shrunken
swoon: (adj, n, v) faint; (adj, n)
collapse; (n) fainting, syncope,
prostration, deliquium; (v) conk,
black out, pass out, die; (adj) puff
syllable: (n) antepenultimate,
antepenult, penultima, penultimate,
articulate, utter, linguistic unit, solfa
459
syllable, speech sound, syllabe,
language unit
sympathize: (v) pity, understand,
condole, compassionate, feel,
sympathise, identify with,
empathize, have compassion, feel
sorry for, feel for. ANTONYMS: (v)
disapprove, disregard
sympathy: (n) compassion, kindness,
commiseration, mercy, feeling,
understanding, rapport,
benevolence, agreement; (adj, n)
humanity, charity. ANTONYMS: (n)
indifference, cruelty, coldness,
disdain, incompatibility,
thoughtlessness, mercilessness,
callousness, incomprehension,
inhumanity, insensitivity
symptom: (n) indication, note, mark,
evidence, manifestation, token,
signal, characteristic, omen,
Trousseau's sign, ague
symptoms: (n) syndrome
tablecloth: (n) duster, napery, rag,
table linen
tale: (n) account, narrative, narration,
recital, fib, fable, report, fiction, lie,
relation, yarn. ANTONYM: (n) fact
talent: (n) genius, ability, aptitude,
capacity, skill, knack, flair,
capability; (n, v) endowment,
faculty; (adj, n) cleverness.
ANTONYMS: (n) incapacity, lack,
stupidity, incompetence, ineptness,
drawback
talents: (adj) talent, ability, capacity,
parts, ingenuity, cleverness, turn; (n)
faculty, endowment, genius,
accomplishment
talker: (n) speaker, conversationalist,
orator, chatterbox, babbler, raver,
stammerer, chatterer, speechmaker,
caller, mutterer
tame: (v) break, subdue, soften,
domesticate; (adj) meek, docile,
bland, domestic, gentle, slow; (adj,
v) moderate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
exciting, bright, unmanageable,
interesting, untamed, inspiring,
brilliant, colorful, rebellious, lively
tardy: (adj, adv, v) late; (adj, v) slow,
remiss; (adj, adv) backward,
dilatory, behindhand; (adj) belated,
slack, overdue, delayed, sluggish.
ANTONYMS: (adj) early, punctual,
premature, speedy
tattered: (adj) shabby, ragged,
scruffy, dilapidated, threadbare,
frayed, seedy, worn out, torn,
shattered; (adj, v) bedraggled.
ANTONYMS: (adj) elegant, smart,
new
 460
taught: (adj) instructed, educated,
schooled, instruct, well-bred,
scholarly, provided; (v) firm, fast,
close, taut
taxed: (adj) laden
teach: (v) enlighten, educate, instruct,
coach, indoctrinate, drill, learn,
lecture, school; (adj, v) guide, show
tedious: (adj) tiresome, boring,
dreary, slow, heavy, humdrum,
irksome, lifeless; (adj, v)
monotonous, arid, dry.
ANTONYMS: (adj) exciting, varied,
easy, readable, lively, entertaining,
enthralling, brisk, concise, exotic,
pleasant
tediousness: (n) boredom, dullness,
monotony, flatness, ennui, dulness,
prosiness, tediosity, tiresomeness,
irksomeness; (adj) wearisomeness
temper: (adj, v) moderate, soften,
mitigate, harden; (n) character,
disposition, humor, nature; (v)
modify, season, qualify.
ANTONYMS: (n, v) upset; (v)
soften, agitate, excite, flex, bend,
increase; (n) composure, happiness,
wrath, equanimity
temperate: (adj) sober, moderate,
restrained, calm, reasonable,
abstemious, gentle, balmy,
abstinent, frugal, equable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) violent,
unrestrained, stormy, cool, extreme,
hot, immoderate, wintry, rough
temple: (n) church, place of worship,
shrine, Fane, house of worship,
pantheon, pagoda, synagogue,
brow, sanctuary, mosque
temporizing: (n) timeserving
tempt: (adj, v) attract, allure; (v)
entice, decoy, charm, inveigle,
invite, coax, seduce, fascinate,
attempt. ANTONYMS: (v)
discourage, appall, repel
temptation: (n, v) lure, enticement,
bait; (n) attraction, allurement,
invitation, seduction, inducement,
allure, appeal, pull. ANTONYMS:
(n) dislike, discouragement
tempting: (adj) seductive, alluring,
attractive, enticing, tantalizing,
charming, appealing, captivating,
beguiling, delicious, irresistible.
ANTONYMS: (adj) repulsive,
revolting, unattractive, repellent
tendency: (n, v) drift; (n) proclivity,
propensity, leaning, trend, direction,
inclination, partiality, disposition,
bent, course. ANTONYM: (n) dislike
tender: (n, v) offer, proffer, bid; (adj,
v) affectionate; (adj) painful,
Sense and Sensibility
sensitive, soft, loving, sore; (v)
propose, present. ANTONYMS:
(adj) hardhearted, rubbery, hard,
rough, uncaring, healthy, mature,
unfeeling, cold, experienced; (v)
withdraw
tenderly: (adv) softly, kindly,
delicately, affectionately, fondly,
warmly, painfully, sensitively,
caringly, sympathetically, gently.
ANTONYMS: (adv) roughly,
severely, disapprovingly, harshly
tenderness: (n) fondness, soreness,
love, affection, sympathy; (adj, n)
clemency, mildness, compassion,
gentleness, softness, delicacy.
ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, dryness,
hatred, strength, detachment
tending: (n) care, hairdressing, aid,
treatment, attention, babysitting,
incubation; (adj) apt, conducive,
prone, disposed
terminated: (adj) complete, all over,
over, extinct, accomplished, closed,
highly skilled; (adj, adv) ended,
finished, done; (adv) completed
termination: (n) close, end,
conclusion, result, dissolution,
cessation, expiration, finale, finish,
completion, issue. ANTONYMS: (n)
beginning, preservation, initiation,
inauguration, creation
terror: (n, v) alarm, scare; (adj, n)
dread, awe; (n) fear, dismay,
consternation, horror, panic,
apprehension, scourge.
ANTONYMS: (n) peace, security,
delight, calm, confidence
testimony: (n, v) attestation, witness;
(n) declaration, proof, evidence,
testimonial, confirmation, statement,
affidavit, affirmation, profession
tete-a-tete: (n) gab, conversation, chat
thankful: (adj) appreciative,
indebted, beholden, obliged,
contented, pleased, gratified,
relieved, under obligation,
appreciatory, welcome.
ANTONYMS: (adj) worried,
unappreciative, unthankful, sorry
thankfully: (adv) gratefully,
obligedly, beholdenly, indebtedly,
pleasedly, fortunately, happily,
unreservedly, with enthusiasm, with
pleasure, freely. ANTONYMS: (adv)
unfortunately, unwillingly
theft: (n) stealing, larceny, thievery,
burglary, embezzlement, thieving,
peculation, defalcation, depredation,
latrociny, misappropriation.
ANTONYM: (n) return
thence: (adv) therefore, thus,
therefrom, thereof, consequently,
then, so, thereafter, thenceforth,
since, on account of
thickly: (adv) deeply, heavily, thick,
viscously, thicksetly, solidly, dully,
dumbly, compactly, closely,
turbidly. ANTONYMS: (adv) thinly,
finely, slightly, sparsely, loosely,
distinctly
thirds: (n) Falcidian law
thirteen: (n) long dozen, large integer
thither: (adv) hither, whither, on that
point, in that respect, at that place,
in that location; (adj) further,
ulterior, remoter, succeeding, more
distant
thorough: (adj) complete, full,
profound, exhaustive, absolute,
good, comprehensive, detailed,
extensive, sweeping, careful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) partial, sketchy,
careless, slack, imperfect, sloppy,
rushed, restricted, inadequate,
halfhearted, dense
thoroughly: (adv, v) fully; (adv)
entirely, totally, soundly,
exhaustively, carefully, absolutely,
perfectly, deeply, utterly, exactly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) superficially,
incompletely, negligently, partially,
partly, barely, halfheartedly,
deficiently, inadequately,
insufficiently, hastily
thoughtful: (adj, v) serious, solemn,
grave; (adj) kind, careful, pensive,
heedful, attentive, discreet, sensible,
courteous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
thoughtless, careless, heedless,
uncaring, unkind, tactless,
superficial, stupid, negligent, idiotic,
unthinking
thoughtfully: (adv) considerately,
carefully, kindly, reflectively,
meditatively, attentively, solemnly,
contemplatively, seriously,
prudently, cautiously. ANTONYMS:
(adv) unsympathetically,
unthinkingly, carelessly,
contentedly, rashly, inconsiderately,
selfishly, meanly, insensitively,
tactlessly, cruelly
thoughtfulness: (n) kindness, tact,
deliberation, attentiveness,
contemplativeness, attention,
introspection, meditation,
pensiveness, reflection, reflexion.
ANTONYMS: (n) thoughtlessness,
carelessness, cruelty, rashness,
unthoughtfulness, inconsideration,
unkindness, selfishness,
insensitivity, neglect, cheerfulness
thoughtless: (adj, v) careless,

heedless, rash, improvident; (adj)
reckless, inattentive, hasty,
unthinking, negligent, neglectful,
imprudent. ANTONYMS: (adj)
considerate, considered, heedful,
prudent, kind, cautious, mindful,
responsible, attentive, observant,
sensible
threatening: (adj) ominous,
forbidding, sinister, minatory, black,
imminent, perilous, impending,
dangerous, grave, sullen.
ANTONYMS: (adj) reassuring, nice,
approachable, pleasant, promising,
favorable, friendly, harmless,
hospitable, soothing
thrill: (n, v) delight, shudder, quiver,
shiver; (v) excite, exhilarate, exalt,
stir; (n) shake, excitement, chill.
ANTONYMS: (v) dishearten,
discourage, disappoint, displease;
(n) depression, calm, boredom,
agony, sorrow; (n, v) bore
thrown: (adj) puzzled, confused,
thrown and twisted, upset,
disconcerted, unnerved, terrified,
scared out of your wits, mystified,
frightened; (n) reminder.
ANTONYM: (adj) calm
tidings: (n) intelligence, information,
message, report, word, advice,
communication, dispute, wind,
statement, tiding
tidy: (adj, v) clean, trim; (adj) spruce,
shipshape, respectable, natty; (v)
clear, straighten, clear up, clean up,
arrange. ANTONYMS: (adj)
knotted, disheveled, disorganized,
messy, slovenly, hairy,
unsubstantial, dense; (v) litter,
disorganize, disorder
tied: (adj) bound, connected, laced,
united, fixed, even, liable, tight,
spiked, responsible, attached.
ANTONYMS: (adj) untied, unlaced
tiled: (adj) paved, lined, smooth,
cemented
timber: (n) lumber, forest, plank,
beam, girder, rafter, tree, woodland,
timberland, boards, coulisse
tiptoe: (v) tip, tippytoe, creep, patter,
skirt, skip, tilt, sidle, lean; (adj) alert;
(n) quieter. ANTONYM: (v) clump
to-do: (n) disturbance, fuss, tumult,
racket, flurry, turmoil, stir, riot,
clamor, commotion, bustle
toilet: (n) lavatory, attire, dress, John,
lav, privy, can, stool, loo, costume,
convenience
tolerable: (adj) passable, mediocre,
bearable, fair, middling, reasonable,
adequate, respectable, endurable,
Jane Austen
sufferable; (adj, v) satisfactory.
ANTONYMS: (adj) intolerable,
exceptional, unbearable,
unsatisfactory, bad, inadequate,
appalling, inadmissible
tolerably: (adv) well enough,
passably, acceptably, reasonably,
enough, moderately, to a tolerable
degree, pretty, to an adequate
degree; (adj, adv) somewhat; (adj)
pretty well. ANTONYMS: (adv)
unbearably, intolerably,
unacceptably, unreasonably,
insufficiently, inadequately
toleration: (n) sufferance, endurance,
allowance, patience, moderation,
permission, indulgence, acceptance,
forbearance, suffering, self
acceptance
toned: (adj) pastel
tongue: (n) lingua, speech, idiom,
dialect, clapper, glossa, natural
language, striker, talk; (v) lick; (adj)
flowing
topic: (n) theme, question, matter,
affair, issue, text, point, business,
subject matter, substance, area
tore: (v) tare; (n) moulding, molding
torment: (n, v) tease, distress, harass,
afflict, pain, annoy; (n) agony,
anguish, suffering; (v) persecute,
oppress. ANTONYMS: (v) please,
delight, placate, comfort, soothe; (n)
contentment, happiness, pleasure,
calm, content
tormented: (adj) worried, tortured,
hagridden, troubled, beleaguered,
beset, besieged, cruciate, cruciform,
distraught, distressed. ANTONYM:
(adj) calm
torn: (adj, prep) lacerated, rent,
mangled; (adj) ripped, tattered,
blasted, lacerate, shabby,
goddamned, infernal, made
uninhabitable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
pristine, sure, resolute, healed,
decided, mended
torrent: (n) flood, cloudburst,
overflow, stream, downpour, rain,
shower, soaker, inundation; (adj, n)
volley, eruption. ANTONYMS: (n)
drought, trickle, shower
torture: (n, v) pain, distress, agonize,
afflict; (n) agony, anguish, suffering,
excruciation, grief; (v) rack,
excruciate. ANTONYMS: (n) relief,
alleviation, content, ecstasy, joy,
pleasure; (v) relieve, alleviate
tortured: (adj) anguished, suffering,
agonized, excruciate, excruciated,
gnarled, hagridden, miserable,
woeful, hurt
461
touched: (adj) insane, cracked,
tinged, not right, daft, crazy, nutty;
(v) compassionate, sympathetic,
pitiful, mucid. ANTONYMS: (adj)
untouched, sane, unemotional,
unmoved, well
toward: (prep) to, towards,
approaching, headed for, just before,
of, in the direction of; (adv, prep) on;
(adv) about, around, by.
ANTONYMS: (prep) from, away
trace: (n, v) line, shadow, spot, hunt,
trail; (n) dash, clue, indication,
suggestion, sign; (v) pursue.
ANTONYMS: (v) ignore; (n) lot,
overtone
traced: (adj) graphic
tract: (n) region, area, expanse, essay,
pamphlet, section, extent, district,
dissertation, plot, lot
traded: (adj) listed
traits: (v) lineaments, area, expanse,
exposition, extent, length, tract,
trace; (n) character, nature,
personality
tranquil: (adj, v) quiet, unruffled,
smooth; (adj, n) peaceful; (adj)
placid, still, serene, sedate, collected,
composed, equable. ANTONYMS:
(adj) noisy, tense, agitated, anxious,
troubled, bustling, loud, perturbed,
frenetic, moving, bothered
tranquility: (n) peace, serenity,
repose, calm, ease, rest, easiness,
quietude, quietness, harmony; (adj,
n) placidity. ANTONYMS: (n)
chaos, violence, uproar, upheaval
tranquilize: (adj, n, v) allay, assuage,
mitigate; (n, v) appease, quiet, calm;
(adj, v) soothe, compose, mollify; (v)
still, lull. ANTONYMS: (v)
stimulate, incite, upset
tranquillity: (adj, n, v) quiet; (n)
serenity, quietness, relaxation,
quietude, peacefulness, calmness; (n,
v) repose, rest; (adj, n) stillness,
calm. ANTONYMS: (n) noise,
agitation, movement, panic,
turbulence, turmoil
transact: (v) perform, execute, do,
manage, conduct, deal, bargain,
negotiate, enact, sell, bank.
ANTONYM: (v) deny
transparency: (n) clearness, clarity,
slide, limpidity, pellucidness,
lucidity, diaphaneity, translucency,
overhead, foil, pellucidity.
ANTONYMS: (n) ambiguity,
opacity, dirtiness, impurity
transporting: (adj) ecstatic,
rapturous, rapturous applause,
ravishing, transportant
 462
travelled: (adj) cosmopolitan
travelling: (n) travel, peregrination,
riding, commuting, aviation,
driving, commutation, seafaring,
junketing, circumnavigation,
journey
treachery: (n) betrayal, disloyalty,
infidelity, duplicity, treason,
perfidy, falseness, faithlessness,
perfidiousness, guile, dishonesty.
ANTONYMS: (n) loyalty,
faithfulness, fidelity, reliability,
allegiance, goodness
treasured: (adj) precious, prized,
dear, beloved, loved, valued,
appreciated, favorite, etched in your
mind, esteemed, invited.
ANTONYM: (adj) unremarkable
treating: (adj) remedial
tribute: (n) commendation, tax,
honor, testimonial, duty, homage,
respect, eulogy, compliment; (n, v)
contribution, subsidy. ANTONYMS:
(n) blame, accusation, dishonor
trick: (n, v) deceive, cheat, fraud,
deceit, joke, sham, con; (n) prank,
deception, device; (v) mislead.
ANTONYMS: (n) frankness,
honesty, misunderstanding,
seriousness, truthfulness; (adj) real,
genuine, innocent
tricks: (n) actions, behavior, thing,
clowning around, fooling, magic,
plunder, possession, activities
trifle: (n, v) play; (adj, n, v) trinket;
(v) dally, fiddle, flirt, fool, frivol; (n)
nothing, triviality, detail; (adj, n)
bagatelle
trifling: (adj) paltry, slight, petty,
negligible, immaterial, worthless,
trivial, minor, small; (adj, v)
inconsequential; (adj, n) frivolity.
ANTONYMS: (adj) significant,
worthwhile, major, considerable,
crucial, enormous, great, mature,
profound, substantial; (n)
importance
trim: (adj, v) tidy, spruce; (adj, n, v)
dress; (n, v) cut, clip, garnish, lop;
(adj) neat, orderly; (v) shave,
embellish. ANTONYMS: (adj)
scruffy, unkempt, sloppy, large,
chubby, disorderly, overweight; (v)
lengthen, develop, expand, lose
triumph: (v) exult, prevail, crow,
rejoice, succeed; (n, v) glory, win,
joy; (n) victory, conquest, exultation.
ANTONYMS: (n) failure, defeat,
sorrow, unhappiness, dud, sadness,
loss, flop; (v) fail, lose, forfeit
triumphantly: (adv) exultantly,
winningly, jubilantly, elatedly,
Sense and Sensibility
proudly, successfully, triumphally,
conqueringly, gleefully, delightedly,
gloriously
trivial: (adj) trifling, frivolous, little,
small, commonplace, superficial,
petty, paltry, inconsiderable,
piddling, slight. ANTONYMS: (adj)
important, vital, major, urgent,
profound, crucial, consequential,
considerable, enormous, mature,
serious
troop: (n) group, corps, gang, crowd,
band, brigade, crew, herd, swarm,
horde; (n, v) flock
troubles: (n) dilemma, evils, harms,
ills
troublesome: (adj) difficult, hard,
arduous, bothersome, inconvenient,
onerous, awkward, annoying,
laborious, tough, heavy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, helpful,
useful, advantageous, convenient,
uncomplicated, delightful
trusted: (adj) intimate, confidential,
sure, bosom, beloved, cherished,
familiar, trustworthy, indisputable,
trusty, reliable
trusting: (adj) credulous,
unsuspecting, naive, confident,
confiding, simple, innocent, gullible,
reliant, give, easy to fool.
ANTONYMS: (adj) distrustful,
suspicious, doubtful, hesitant,
protective, shrewd, disingenuous,
smart, jaded
tuition: (n) education, teaching,
training, tutelage, pedagogy, fee,
schooling, tutoring, school fees,
learning, tuition fee
tumbled: (adj) disordered
tumbling: (adj) falling, billowing,
dropping, rolled; (adj, adv)
plunging; (n) gymnastics, acrobatics,
stunting, stunt flying, rumbling;
(adv) headfirst
tuned: (adj) keyed, adjusted, musical,
tempered, melodious
turf: (n) sward, greensward, ground,
grass, field, peat, lawn, green, divot,
Corso, race course
twelvemonth: (n) calendar year, civil
year, financial year, common year,
amount of time, time period, period
of time, bissextile year, class, yr,
period
twilight: (n) nightfall, night, sunset,
gloaming, evening, sundown,
eventide, fall, decline, evenfall; (adj)
aurora. ANTONYMS: (n) daybreak,
sunrise
twisted: (adj) perverted, deformed,
bent, distorted, misshapen, coiled,
twined, curved, wry, contorted; (adj,
v) winding. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy,
normal, perfect, wholesome
ugly: (adj, adv) surly; (adj) nasty,
repulsive, frightful, forbidding,
disagreeable, hideous, gruesome,
evil, offensive, shocking.
ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive,
flowing, ornamental, nice, lovely,
pleasant, safe, kind, gentle,
appealing, agreeable
unabated: (adj) unreduced,
unrestricted, unmitigated,
unflagging, relentless, intense,
unrelenting
unaccountable: (adj)
incomprehensible, inexplicable,
strange, unintelligible,
unexplainable, mysterious,
impenetrable, undiscoverable,
undecipherable, unknowable,
unnatural. ANTONYMS: (adj)
accountable, explainable,
responsible, explicable
unaccountably: (adv) mysteriously,
especially, curiously, bizarrely
unacknowledged: (v) unavowed;
(adj) anonymous, unthanked,
unrequited, unrewarded,
unrecognized, unrecognised, virtual,
unrewarding, undeclared,
unappreciated. ANTONYMS: (adj)
acknowledged, rewarding
unaffected: (adj) sincere, artless,
natural, plain, real, genuine,
unimpressed, ingenuous, naive,
untouched, honest. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unnatural, sophisticated,
refined, pretentious, moved, hurt,
disturbed, changed, vulnerable,
dishonest, emotional
unaffectedly: (adv) artlessly,
untouchedly, sincerely, genuinely,
unsophisticatedly, impassively,
naively, spontaneously,
unfeignedly, plainly, simplely.
ANTONYM: (adv) pretentiously
unamiable: (adj) uncharitable,
unfeeling, vinegary, sour,
disobliging, resembling vinegar,
morose
unanimous: (adj) consentaneous,
harmonious, consentient, strong,
firm, of one mind, concordant,
accordant, compact, collective,
cubic. ANTONYMS: (adj) narrow,
individual
unanswerable: (adj) irrefutable, final,
incontestable, irresponsible,
incontrovertible, indisputable,
decisive, ultimate, undeniable, not
refragable; (v) probative

unavailing: (adj) fruitless, bootless,
useless, ineffectual, inefficacious,
otiose, inutile, ineffective, idle, vain,
pointless
unavoidable: (adj) necessary,
inescapable, ineluctable, irresistible,
obligatory, certain, indispensable,
essential, sure, required, avoidless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) escapable,
unpredictable, optional, unlikely,
uncertain
unavoidably: (adv) inescapably,
necessarily, ineluctably, by
necessity, of necessity,
automatically, needs, inevitable,
relentlessly, true to form,
unsurprisingly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
surprisingly, unnecessarily
unawares: (adv) suddenly, pop,
plump, abruptly, a l'improviste,
unaware, all at once, unexpectedly,
inadvertently; (adj) unwary,
unsuspecting. ANTONYMS: (adj)
prepared; (adv) knowingly,
consciously
unbiased: (adj) impartial, indifferent,
neutral, just, equitable,
disinterested, candid, unprejudiced,
evenhanded, detached, objective.
ANTONYMS: (adj) biased,
prejudiced, partisan, fair,
discriminatory, partial, reactionary,
subjective, unfair, involved
unblemished: (adj) clean, perfect,
faultless, pure, immaculate,
blameless, clear, irreproachable,
unspotted, untarnished, flawless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) blemished,
flawed, marked, imperfect, used,
marred, guilty, infirm
unbounded: (adj) immeasurable,
limitless, endless, infinite, immense,
measureless, unlimited, vast,
illimitable, unmeasured, absolute
unceasing: (adj) ceaseless, incessant,
perpetual, continuous, constant,
continual, everlasting, eternal,
lasting, uninterrupted, endless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) acute,
intermittent, sporadic
uncertain: (adj) changeable, dubious,
questionable, indistinct, equivocal,
chancy, unsure, unsafe; (adj, v)
indefinite, vague; (adj, n) doubtful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) definite, clear,
decisive, sure, decided,
unquestionable, inevitable, safe,
unreserved, sealed, determined
uncertainty: (n) doubtfulness,
suspicion, distrust, indecision,
suspense, irresolution, hesitation,
incertitude, dubiety, question,
Jane Austen
dubiousness. ANTONYMS: (n)
certainty, decisiveness, confidence,
clarity, sureness, definiteness,
resolution, predictability, security,
certitude, understanding
unchanged: (adj) regular,
undeviating, unalterable,
unchanging, invariable, unvarying,
unvaried, unmoved; (adj, v)
identical, same; (v) like.
ANTONYMS: (adj) reformed,
distorted, affected, changed, altered,
varied, fluid
unchanging: (adj) stable, permanent,
steady, invariable, static, perpetual,
fixed, consistent, uniform,
changeless, immutable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) inconstant,
changeable, dynamic, flexible,
perishable, irregular, temporary,
unequal, variable, erratic
uncheerful: (adj) cheerless, drabber,
drear, dreary, gloomy, lacking
cheer, disconsolate, unwilling, grim,
drab, dismal. ANTONYM: (adj)
cheerful
uncivil: (adj) discourteous,
disrespectful, impolite, coarse,
brusque, curt, blunt, barbarous,
short; (adj, n) rough, harsh.
ANTONYMS: (adj) polite,
courteous, gracious
uncomfortable: (adj) ill at ease,
embarrassing, troubled,
disagreeable, inconvenient, difficult,
discomfited, anxious, uneasy,
cheerless; (v) untoward.
ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, comfy,
happy, untroubled, painless,
content, easy, straightforward
uncommon: (adj) extraordinary,
peculiar, scarce, singular, strange,
special, exceptional, infrequent, odd,
unusual, unaccustomed.
ANTONYMS: (adj) typical, usual,
normal, familiar, poor, ordinary,
bad, imperfect, customary,
accustomed, frequent
uncommonly: (adv) rarely, strangely,
infrequently, scarcely, occasionally,
exceptionally, oddly; (adj, adv)
particularly, remarkably, singularly,
curiously. ANTONYMS: (adv)
frequently, typically
unconcern: (n) apathy, nonchalance,
insouciance, coldness, detachment,
impassiveness, insensibility,
disregard, phlegm, carelessness,
lethargy. ANTONYMS: (n)
responsiveness, worry, anxiety,
interest
unconcerned: (adj) apathetic,
463
detached, insouciant, casual,
careless, nonchalant, thoughtless,
easygoing, listless, carefree; (adj, n)
cold. ANTONYMS: (adj) caring,
eager, troubled, sensitive, uptight,
craving, involved, energetic,
interested, annoyed, strict
unconnected: (adj) detached,
disjointed, incoherent, unrelated,
illogical, confused, irrelevant,
incongruous; (adj, prep) separate,
separated; (v) unattached.
ANTONYMS: (adj) attached,
pertinent, relevant, together
unconquerable: (adj)
insurmountable, impregnable,
insuperable, irresistible, unbeatable,
proof against, resistless,
indomitable, unquenchable,
impassable, inextinguishable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) conquerable,
feeble
unconscious: (adj) involuntary,
unaware, ignorant, unwitting,
subconscious, oblivious, automatic,
insensible, unintentional, instinctive,
senseless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
conscious, awake, deliberate, aware,
voluntary, intentional, alive, wary
uncordial: (adj) unfriendly, unfeeling
uncouth: (adj) rough, rude,
barbarous, vulgar, crude, awkward,
clumsy, gross, unrefined, ungainly,
common. ANTONYMS: (adj)
refined, couth, polite, sophisticated,
pleasant, proper, genteel
undeceive: (v) unbeguile, unbefool,
disabuse, inform
undecided: (adj) uncertain, doubtful,
dubious, unresolved, pending,
indecisive, irresolute, hesitant,
debatable, indefinite; (adj, v)
undetermined. ANTONYMS: (adj)
certain, determined, sure, settled,
definite, decisive
undertake: (v) attempt, take on, try,
covenant, guarantee, accept, tackle,
contract, take, begin, engage.
ANTONYMS: (v) forego, abstain,
forget, relinquish
undertaking: (n) promise, attempt,
project, venture, adventure,
endeavor, job, effort; (n, v) task,
labor, business
undervalue: (v) underestimate,
underrate, devalue, belittle, lessen,
disparage, misjudge, decry, despise,
devaluate, diminish. ANTONYMS:
(v) overrate, appreciate,
overestimate, overvalue, recognize
undeserving: (adj) disgraceful,
worthless, unworthy of, degrading,
 464
immeritous, indign, mean, not
worthy, unbecoming, undeserving
of. ANTONYM: (adj) deserving
undiscerning: (adj) unwise, heedless,
unenlightened, indiscreet, intricate,
rash, indiscriminate, inattentive,
injudicious, uncritical, imprudent
undivided: (adj) complete, whole,
unbroken, total, single, integral,
continuous, united, full, exclusive,
solid. ANTONYMS: (adj) partial,
separate, broken, imperfect,
individual
undoubted: (adj) unquestionable,
undisputed, indisputable,
undeniable, sure, positive, true,
unquestioned, indubitable, definite,
unchallenged
undoubtedly: (adv) certainly,
positively, definitely, indubitably,
no doubt, clearly, unquestionably,
unquestionedly, all right, beyond
any doubt; (adj, adv) doubtless.
ANTONYMS: (adv) doubtfully,
indefinite, ambiguously, possibly
undressed: (adj) naked, unclad,
unclothed, bare, raw, stripped,
unattired, unappareled, crude,
rough, disrobed. ANTONYMS: (adj)
covered, decent
uneasiness: (n) disquiet, discomfort,
inquietude, anxiety, unease, malaise,
disquietude, apprehension, unrest,
impatience; (n, v) agitation.
ANTONYMS: (n) peace, calm,
confidence
uneasy: (adj) anxious, fidgety,
restless, concerned, nervous,
apprehensive, ill at ease, unquiet,
awkward, fretful, restive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
untroubled, composed, relaxed,
easy, unconcerned, still,
comfortable, carefree, confident,
serene
unemployed: (adj) vacant, inactive,
free, jobless, fired; (adj, v)
unexercised; (v) unoccupied,
untrodden, untouched, unspent,
unessayed. ANTONYMS: (adj)
working, occupied
unequal: (adj) different, unlike,
uneven, rough, lopsided, unfair,
inadequate, disparate,
disproportionate, unbalanced,
unsymmetrical. ANTONYMS: (adj)
equal, even, fair, identical, similar,
same, level, constant, balanced, like,
corresponding
unequivocal: (adj, v) clear, positive,
definite; (adj) decided, explicit,
unambiguous, categorical, plain,
Sense and Sensibility
definitive, unmistakable; (adj, n)
certain. ANTONYMS: (adj)
equivocal, indefinite, obscured,
vague, ambiguous, implicit,
uncertain
unexpected: (adj) sudden, abrupt,
casual, unforeseen, unanticipated,
accidental, strange, unsuspected;
(adj, v) unlooked for, unpredicted;
(n) surprise. ANTONYMS: (adj)
expected, gradual, normal,
commonplace, protracted, ordinary,
typical, customary
unexpectedly: (adv) by chance,
suddenly, abruptly, casually,
unforeseenly, unawares,
surprisingly, unanticipatedly,
hastily, strangely, circumstantially.
ANTONYMS: (adv) intentionally,
gradually, normally, predictably
unexpressed: (adj) implicit, tacit,
mute, implied, unvoiced; (v)
undisclosed, unexposed,
unbreathed, unsung, untalked of;
(adj, v) untold
unfair: (adj) unjust, dishonest,
inequitable, foul, deceitful,
wrongful, undeserved,
dishonorable, fraudulent,
underhand, unsporting.
ANTONYMS: (adj) just, reasonable,
balanced, rightful, honest, sporting,
impartial, evenhanded, unbiased,
innocent, justified
unfairly: (adv) dishonestly,
deceitfully, partially, unequally,
deceptively, wrongly, wrongfully,
unduly, fraudulently; (adv, v)
foully, shamefully. ANTONYMS:
(adv) honestly, justly, reasonably,
evenly, genuinely
unfashionable: (adj) dowdy,
unstylish, behind the times, old, out
of fashion, outdated, old-fashioned,
antiquated, out, styleless,
unconventional. ANTONYMS: (adj)
in, trendy, fresh
unfathomable: (adj)
incomprehensible, inexplicable,
inscrutable, unintelligible,
impenetrable, abysmal, deep,
immeasurable, unaccountable,
obscure, enigmatic. ANTONYMS:
(adj) fathomable, shallow,
explicable, explainable,
comprehensible, believable,
straightforward, understandable,
legible, clear
unfavourable: (adj) adverse,
inauspicious, untoward, hostile,
contrary, inappropriate, inimical,
harmful, inconvenient, awkward,
unsuitable. ANTONYM: (adj)
favorable
unfeeling: (adj) harsh, impassive,
cold, cruel, callous, merciless,
pitiless, ruthless, numb, insensible,
insensitive. ANTONYMS: (adj)
caring, sympathetic, sensitive, kind,
understanding, merciful, feeling,
warm, tactful, concerned,
compassionate
unfeigned: (adj) sincere, true,
genuine, honest, unaffected,
heartfelt, truthful, frank, hearty,
straight, natural
unfit: (adj) inappropriate, improper,
inapt, unbecoming, incompetent,
unable, incapable, unsuitable, bad;
(adj, v) incapacitate; (v) indispose.
ANTONYMS: (adj) appropriate,
suitable, ready, healthy, able, firm,
competent; (v) qualify
unfolded: (adj) extended, stretched,
outspread, outstretched, widely
spread, stretched out, explicate,
evolved, displayed, expanded,
detailed
unforeseen: (adj, v) unexpected,
unanticipated, unlooked for; (adj)
sudden, accidental, contingent,
casual, surprising, chance,
incidental; (adj, adv) out of the blue.
ANTONYMS: (adj) predicted,
expected, direct
unfortunate: (adj) inauspicious, sad,
hapless, bad, inopportune,
disastrous, adverse, deplorable,
infelicitous, untoward, lamentable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) lucky,
auspicious, good, opportune,
joyous, timely, appropriate,
successful, easy, privileged
unfulfilled: (adj) wanting,
unsuccessful, unsatisfied,
unrealized, unrealised, unhappy,
dissatisfied, displeased,
discontented
ungenerous: (adj, v) illiberal; (adj)
stingy, parsimonious, miserly,
cheap, uncharitable, close, narrow,
tightfisted, closefisted, penurious.
ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, kind
ungenteel: (adj) uncouth, unpolished,
discourteous
ungracious: (adj) discourteous,
impolite, uncivil, surly, unkind,
unceremonious, churlish,
disrespectful, unfriendly, graceless,
unpleasing
ungraciously: (adv) rudely,
ungracefully, impolitely, unkindly,
discourteously, uncivilly, surly,
churlishly, unceremoniously,

disrespectfully, unpleasingly.
ANTONYM: (adv) graciously
ungrateful: (adj) unmindful,
unthankful, unappreciative,
unnatural, ingrate, unpleasant,
distasteful, displeasing, unkind,
disagreeable, not kind.
ANTONYMS: (adj) grateful,
thankful, appreciative
unguarded: (adj) vulnerable,
incautious, defenseless, careless,
unprotected, exposed, insecure,
undefended; (v) thoughtless,
thriftless, shiftless. ANTONYMS:
(adj) thoughtful, careful, safe,
guarded, armed, invulnerable,
secure
unhappiness: (n) sadness, misery,
melancholy, distress, grief, regret,
infelicity, woe, sorrowfulness,
depression, displeasure.
ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness,
pleasure, joy, elation, contentment,
satisfaction, cheer
unhappy: (adj) gloomy, dismal,
depressed, melancholy, sad,
miserable, sorrowful, distressed,
disconsolate, infelicitous, low.
ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, cheerful,
satisfied, pleased, glad, euphoric,
fortunate, contented, joyful, timely,
lucky
uniform: (adj, v) even; (adj, n)
constant, steady; (adj) equal,
consistent, same, level, invariable,
homogenous, equable, unchanging.
ANTONYMS: (adj) varied, assorted,
inconsistent, unequal, different,
multiform, multicolored,
differentiated, unlike, dissimilar,
intermittent
uniformly: (adv) equally, evenly,
consistently, regularly,
homogeneously, identically,
steadily, unvaryingly; (adj, adv)
ever, always, invariably
uninfluenced: (adj) plain, genuine,
unswayed, nonpartisan,
unprejudiced, natural, real, simple,
still full, sincere, untouched
uninformed: (adj) ignorant,
uneducated, untaught, uninstructed,
unlettered, unlearned, unwitting,
unaccustomed, unaware, unversed,
untutored. ANTONYMS: (adj)
knowledgeable, informed, literate,
logical, conscious
unintelligible: (adj) opaque,
inarticulate, unfathomable,
impenetrable, unaccountable,
ambiguous, not clear, obscure,
indistinct, inconceivable, secret.
Jane Austen
ANTONYMS: (adj) understandable,
clear, comprehensible, intelligible,
obvious
unintentional: (adj) unconscious,
undesigned, inadvertent,
unintended, unwitting, coincidental,
accidental, chance, spontaneous,
unthinking, fortuitous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) intentional,
planned, designed, intended,
voluntary, conscious
uninteresting: (adj) insipid, dreary,
tedious, bland, commonplace, flat,
stupid, tame, tasteless, humdrum;
(adj, n) dull. ANTONYMS: (adj)
exciting, fascinating, scandalous,
eventful, impressive, charming,
brilliant, animated, colorful, lively,
special
unison: (n) agreement, union, accord,
coincidence, accordance, concord,
unity, unisonance, concurrence,
consonance, concordance.
ANTONYMS: (n) discord,
disharmony, disarray
unite: (v) associate, meet, connect,
link, blend, join, coalesce, unify, tie,
amalgamate; (adj, v) fuse.
ANTONYMS: (v) divide, cut,
disband, disconnect, diverge,
segregate, split, undo, unpick
unitedly: (adv) together, conjointly,
collectively, conjunctly, connectedly,
combinedly, incorporatedly,
joinedly, in concert, in collaboration,
unanimously
uniting: (adj) concurrent, united,
coincident; (n) unification, reunion,
fusion, merger, coalescence,
amalgamation, conglutination, join
universal: (adj) general, global,
ecumenical, international, common,
worldwide, public, ubiquitous,
comprehensive, widespread,
oecumenical. ANTONYMS: (adj)
local, specific, idiosyncratic,
confined, isolated, narrow, rare
universally: (adv) commonly,
globally, ally, everywhere, totally,
Catholicly, cosmically, ubiquitously,
prevalently, regularly, usually.
ANTONYMS: (adv) narrowly,
locally
unjust: (adj) partial, injurious, wrong,
inequitable, unrighteous, wicked,
foul, wrongful, improper,
unmerited, unjustified.
ANTONYMS: (adj) just, equitable,
rightful, reasonable, good
unjustifiable: (adj) unwarranted,
unwarrantable, unreasonable,
inexcusable, unjustified, unfair,
465
unfounded, unforgivable,
unallowable, undue; (adj, v)
unpardonable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
justifiable, excusable,
understandable, fair, justified,
necessary
unkind: (adj) cruel, harsh, unfeeling,
inconsiderate, pitiless, heartless,
inhuman, hard, thoughtless, brutal,
mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) kind,
considerate, pleasant, friendly,
thoughtful, tactful, mild, gentle,
generous, flattering, compassionate
unkindly: (adv) cruelly, brutally,
badly, maliciously, meanly,
heartlessly, inconsiderately,
pitilessly, nastily,
unsympathetically; (adj) unkind.
ANTONYMS: (adv)
understandingly, pleasantly,
innocently, gently, compassionately,
benevolently, thoughtfully,
mercifully
unkindness: (n) heartlessness,
callousness, thoughtlessness,
inconsideration, inconsiderateness,
diskindness, insensitivity,
unpleasantness, unfriendliness,
unkindliness, insensitiveness.
ANTONYMS: (n) goodwill,
diplomacy, gentleness, humanity,
thoughtfulness
unknowingly: (adv) inadvertently,
unconsciously, ignorantly,
unawarely, unweetingly, naively,
unawares. ANTONYMS: (adv)
mindfully, wittingly, deliberately
unlocked: (adj) unbarred, unlatched,
unbolted, not closed, loose,
unsecured, ajar, wide open,
unguaranteed
unluckily: (adv) unfortunately,
inauspiciously, lucklessly,
unhappily, untowardly,
unsuccessfully, alas, regrettably, ill-
fatedly, tragically, haplessly.
ANTONYM: (adv) luckily
unlucky: (adj) luckless, hapless,
unhappy, sinister, inauspicious,
unsuccessful, ominous, adverse,
disastrous, unfavorable; (adj, v)
untoward. ANTONYMS: (adj)
fortunate, happy, auspicious,
successful
unmoved: (adj) apathetic, unaffected,
indifferent, unconcerned,
unimpressed, uninspired,
dispassionate, imperturbable, calm,
undisturbed, fixed. ANTONYMS:
(adj) affected, compliant, uptight,
concerned, enthusiastic, tolerant,
sensitive
 466
unnatural: (adj) affected, artificial,
grotesque, supernatural, forced,
abnormal, eccentric, uncanny,
stilted, mannered, anomalous.
ANTONYMS: (adj) natural, normal,
real, unaffected, commonplace,
genuine, sincere
unnecessary: (adj) redundant,
gratuitous, needless, dispensable,
surplus, pointless, excessive, excess,
undue, spare, useless. ANTONYMS:
(adj) reasonable, basic, worthwhile,
required, indispensable, helpful,
justified, essential, moderate,
inevitable
unnoticed: (v) unheeded, unthought
of, unregarded; (adj) disregarded,
unmarked, hidden, neglected,
ignored, obscure; (adj, v)
unremarked, unobserved.
ANTONYMS: (adj) evident, seen,
noticeable, noted, obvious
unobserved: (adj, v) unseen; (v)
unheeded, unregarded, unthought
of, unperceived; (adj) ignored, not
noticed, hidden, unmarked,
unnoted; (adv) secretly.
ANTONYM: (adj) evident
unobtrusive: (adj) unassuming,
discreet, inconspicuous, restrained,
unnoticeable, humble,
unostentatious, diffident, reserved,
unpretentious, subdued.
ANTONYMS: (adj) obtrusive,
conspicuous, elaborate, flaunting,
noticeable, loud, brash, obvious
unobtrusiveness: (n)
inconspicuousness, modesty
unpardonable: (adj) irremissible,
unforgivable, indefensible, terrible,
appalling, unwarranted, awful,
unacceptable, shocking, not
remissible; (v) inexpiable.
ANTONYMS: (adj) pardonable,
excusable, justified, excellent,
justifiable
unpleasant: (adj, n) harsh; (adj)
disagreeable, obnoxious, ugly,
nasty, sour, awkward, repulsive,
forbidding, bad, hard. ANTONYMS:
(adj) delightful, agreeable,
wonderful, nice, enjoyable,
attractive, comfortable, charming,
inoffensive, amicable, cordial
unpleasantness: (n) nastiness,
disagreeableness, horridness,
unkindness, awfulness, odiousness,
discomfort, disagreeable, spite,
offensiveness; (adj, n) ugliness.
ANTONYMS: (n)
straightforwardness, kindness,
deliciousness, delightfulness,
Sense and Sensibility
politeness, attractiveness
unpleasing: (adj) displeasing,
graceless, ungracious, unpleasant,
disagreeable, wicked, not grateful,
offensive, perturbed, restless, stiff
unpremeditated: (adj) spontaneous,
unintentional, involuntary,
impromptu, casual, offhand,
impulsive, extemporaneous,
unintended, unguarded,
unconscious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
premeditated, intentional, prepared
unprincipled: (adj) abandoned,
unscrupulous, depraved, dishonest,
unethical, profligate, dissolute,
shameless, unconscionable, vicious,
immoral. ANTONYMS: (adj) ethical,
moral, honest, professional
unpromising: (adj) unpropitious,
hopeless, worrying, bleak, warning,
bad, ominous, threatening,
unattractive, unfavorable, gloomy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) optimistic,
hopeful, encouraging
unquiet: (adj) restless, anxious,
nervous, turbulent, unsettled,
disturbed, fussy, tumultuous; (v)
movable, saltatory, shifting.
ANTONYM: (adj) quiet
unread: (adj) illiterate, unlearned,
unlettered, uninformed, ignorant,
unbookish, dark
unreasonable: (adj) immoderate,
undue, absurd, extravagant,
excessive, preposterous, exorbitant,
illogical, inordinate, irrational,
ridiculous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
logical, practical, sensible,
affordable, economical, justified,
realistic, fair, obliging, just, rational
unreasonably: (adv) absurdly,
irrationally, immoderately, unfairly,
unscientifically, unjustly,
undeservedly, unsuitably, without
need, pointlessly; (adj) excessively.
ANTONYMS: (adv) sensibly,
reasonably, acceptably, sanely,
appropriately, fairly, logically,
rationally
unremitting: (adj) ceaseless,
perpetual, incessant, unceasing,
continual, unending, continuous,
uninterrupted, persistent, eternal;
(adj, v) unrelenting. ANTONYMS:
(adj) sporadic, temporary,
inconsistent, finite, broken, acute,
undemanding, gentle
unreserve: (adj) sincerity, truth,
frankness, candor
unreserved: (adj) open, unqualified,
candid, unconditional, sincere,
complete, expansive, absolute, total,
outgoing, familiar. ANTONYMS:
(adj) qualified, reserved, uncertain,
unenthusiastic, shy, rather, partial,
inhibited, restrained
unrestrained: (adj, n, v) loose; (adj)
unconstrained, wild, uncontrolled,
immoderate, extravagant,
unconfined, mad, uninhibited; (adj,
v) dissolute, wanton. ANTONYMS:
(adj) restrained, restricted,
contained, limited, partial, biddable,
frugal, hidden, inhibited,
manageable, reserved
unsatiable: (adj) insatiate, insatiable,
unsated, unquenchable, quenchless,
unsatisfied, unsatisfiable.
ANTONYM: (adj) satiate
unseen: (adj, v) unknown; (adj)
invisible, concealed, hidden,
unobserved, secret, veiled, latent; (v)
unheeded, unperceived; (n) spiritual
world. ANTONYMS: (adj) seen,
visible, open, famous, noticeable
unsettle: (v) perturb, confuse,
discompose, unnerve, disconcert,
ruffle, trouble, disorder, discomfit,
upset, derange. ANTONYMS: (v)
settle, smooth, reassure, order,
balance, compose, soothe
unshaken: (adj) steady, firm,
constant, undismayed, undaunted,
unallayed, unworn, unwavering,
unmoved, steadfast, calm
unsolicited: (adj) unsought,
uninvited, undesirable, not desired,
not requested, undesired, unasked
for, annoying, unwanted,
unwelcome, unasked. ANTONYMS:
(adj) solicited, asked, invited,
requested
unspeakable: (adj) ineffable,
dreadful, awful, terrible,
inexpressible, nasty, horrible,
atrocious, indefinable, shocking;
(adj, v) unutterable. ANTONYMS:
(adj) nice, wonderful, pleasant,
good, lovely, bearable
unsteady: (adj) insecure, changeable,
dizzy, unbalanced, rickety,
unsettled, shaky, unsound,
precarious, uneven; (adj, n)
uncertain. ANTONYMS: (adj)
steady, stable, alert, firm, secure,
constant
unstudied: (adj) natural, careless,
uncontrived, unaffected, informal,
unsophisticated, candid, unmindful,
unexplored; (v) unexamined,
unweighed. ANTONYM: (adj)
affected
unsubdued: (adj) unbroken,
continuous. ANTONYM: (adj)

subdued
unsuitable: (adj) improper,
inapplicable, unfit, incorrect,
unbecoming, inopportune,
undesirable, inapt, wrong,
inconvenient, incompatible.
ANTONYMS: (adj) appropriate,
proper, applicable, decent, befitting,
fitting
unsuitableness: (n) unsuitability,
unfitness, ineptness, ineptitude,
awkwardness, inconsistency,
unaptness, unadaptedness,
slowness, quality, inadaptation
unsuited: (adj) incompatible,
inappropriate, inapplicable, inapt,
improper, unfit, unbecoming,
mismated, mismatched, inapposite,
incongruous
unsuspected: (v) unspied; (adj)
unimagined, covert, adventitious,
unseen, unanticipated
unthought: (adj) unintentional,
inadvertent, unexpected
untied: (adj) unfastened, unchained,
unshackled, unlaced, unbound,
unfettered, free, unsewed, open,
unconnected, rambling.
ANTONYMS: (adj) tied, laced
untried: (adj) raw, new, untested,
unseasoned, fresh, untrodden,
unsalted, young, unverified,
untouched; (v) undetermined.
ANTONYMS: (adj) proven,
seasoned, familiar, experienced
unusually: (adj, adv) uncommonly,
particularly, outstandingly,
remarkably, singularly, curiously;
(adv) rarely, peculiarly,
extraordinarily, signally,
abnormally. ANTONYMS: (adv)
usually, regularly, typically,
frequently, slightly, commonly,
ordinarily
unwarily: (adv) thoughtlessly,
carelessly, rashly, heedlessly,
imprudently, incautiously,
recklessly, unwatchfully,
negligently, inconsiderately,
indiscreetly. ANTONYM: (adv)
warily
unwelcome: (adj) undesirable,
objectionable, unpopular, unasked,
unwished, unintroduced, unvisited,
uninvited, unpleasant; (adj, n)
disagreeable, unsatisfactory.
ANTONYMS: (adj) welcome,
desirable, gratifying, wanted,
fortunate
unwell: (adj) sick, ill, poorly, ailing,
sickly, unhealthy, seedy, bad,
diseased, frail; (adj, v) indisposed.
Jane Austen
ANTONYMS: (adj) healthy, well, fit
unwilling: (adj) involuntary, loath,
disinclined, averse, recalcitrant,
backward, indisposed, grudging,
loth, adverse, forced. ANTONYMS:
(adj) inclined, amenable, keen,
prepared, ready, eager, disposed,
agreeable, accepting, happy
unwillingly: (adv) grudgingly,
loathly, aversely, unenthusiastically,
indisposedly, resentfully,
involuntarily, recalcitrantly,
refractorily, lothly, hesitatingly.
ANTONYM: (adv) wholeheartedly
unwillingness: (n) disinclination,
indisposition, aversion, hesitation,
hesitancy, resistance, antipathy,
reluctancy, dislike, distaste,
irreconcilableness. ANTONYMS: (n)
enthusiasm, disposition, keenness,
inclination
unworthiness: (n) baseness,
despicability, despicableness,
badness, unworth, shamefulness,
ignominiousness, disgracefulness,
bad. ANTONYM: (n) worthiness
unworthy: (adj) undeserving, base,
disgraceful, ignoble, low,
contemptible, despicable, ugly,
unmerited, unseemly, shameful.
ANTONYMS: (adj) deserving,
valuable, honorable, estimable,
reputable
uppermost: (adj) top, upmost, upper,
highest, chief, maximum, supreme,
greatest, major, outermost; (n) main.
ANTONYMS: (adj) bottom, lowest,
trivial, lower
upright: (adj) perpendicular, erect,
fair, good, righteous, just, virtuous,
true, honorable, plumb; (adj, n)
vertical. ANTONYMS: (adj) prone,
disreputable, degenerate, hanging,
unwholesome, dishonest,
dishonorable, lying, horizontal,
falling; (adv) horizontally
uproar: (adj, n, v) hubbub,
disturbance, tumult; (n) din, noise,
turmoil, commotion, disorder,
confusion; (adj, n) row; (n, v) brawl.
ANTONYMS: (n) calm, peace,
serenity, order
upstairs: (adj) upstair; (adv) on a
higher floor, in the mind, in the
head, up the stairs, over; (n) heaven,
administration, authority, board,
eternity. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv)
downstairs
urge: (v) push, press, advocate,
persuade, impel, induce; (n, v) spur,
drive, force; (n) impulse; (adj, v)
incite. ANTONYMS: (n) dislike,
467
hate, aversion, disinclination; (v)
dissuade, oppose, demand, prevent,
restrain
urgency: (n) pressure, haste,
necessity, hurry, press, stress,
insistence, exigency, instancy,
importance, speed. ANTONYMS:
(n) unimportance, tardiness
urgent: (adj, v) importunate,
important, clamorous; (adj)
imperative, instant, immediate,
quick, earnest, critical, serious, vital.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unimportant,
moderate, unnecessary, halfhearted,
gentle, routine
urging: (n) spur, encouragement,
prod, prodding, goad, advocacy,
spurring, goading, influence,
exhortation; (adj) driving
usage: (n, v) practice, use,
employment, convention, usance;
(adj, n, v) habit; (n) method,
consuetude, wont, exercise; (v)
application
useless: (adj) pointless, unnecessary,
needless, worthless, fruitless,
hopeless, abortive, idle, barren,
superfluous, unavailing.
ANTONYMS: (adj) helpful,
effective, competent, convenient,
valuable, necessary, brilliant, great,
meaningful, usable, worthwhile
uselessly: (adv) ineffectually, futilely,
fruitlessly, needlessly, pointlessly, in
vain, worthlessly, abortively,
hopelessly, bootlessly,
unnecessarily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
helpfully, successfully, effectively
utmost: (adj, n) maximum, extreme,
uttermost, furthermost, best,
highest; (adj, adv) farthest; (adj, v)
supreme; (adj) last, furthest; (adj, n,
v) greatest. ANTONYMS: (adj)
moderate, worst
utter: (v) say, state, speak, breathe,
articulate, deliver, voice, pronounce;
(adj, n, v) express, declare; (adj, v)
tell. ANTONYMS: (adj) qualified,
incomplete, uncertain, rather, slight;
(v) conceal, hide, block
utterance: (n) pronunciation,
expression, speech, exclamation,
statement, remark, articulation,
observation, language, phrase,
speaking
vacant: (adj) blank, hollow, unfilled,
void, free, unoccupied, bare, idle,
expressionless, open; (adj, v) devoid.
ANTONYMS: (adj) full, cognizant,
overflowing, inhabited, aware,
comprehending, animated, solid,
expressive, knowing
 468
vacate: (v) abandon, resign, abdicate,
relinquish, renounce, repeal, give
up; (adj, v) evacuate, annul, empty,
leave. ANTONYMS: (v) occupy,
overflow, fill, remain, stay, enter
vague: (adj) obscure, indistinct,
indeterminate, undefined,
undetermined, indefinite, uncertain,
faint, ambiguous; (adj, v) loose,
equivocal. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear,
distinct, exact, particular, precise,
specific, sure, certain, defined, alert,
detailed
vain: (adj) proud, arrogant, conceited,
fruitless, idle, empty, abortive,
ineffectual, unproductive,
narcissistic; (adj, v) useless.
ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, successful,
possible, persuasive, selfless,
fruitful, humble, useful, responsible,
worthwhile, effective
valued: (adj) precious, appreciated,
respected, dear, prized, priced,
treasured, value, esteemed, loved,
beloved
valueless: (adj) useless, futile,
insignificant, meaningless, null,
unvalued, trifling, of no value,
rubbish, priceless, refuse.
ANTONYM: (adj) valuable
vanish: (n, v) disappear; (adj, v) fade;
(v) disperse, pass, go, die, dissipate,
evaporate, depart, flee, melt away.
ANTONYMS: (v) come, arrive, wax,
stay
vanity: (n) egotism, pride, emptiness,
arrogance, futility, inanity,
vainglory, conceitedness,
pretension, pomposity; (adj, n)
amour propre. ANTONYMS: (n)
selflessness, humility, importance,
value, effectiveness
variation: (n) divergence, alteration,
difference, mutation, change,
discrepancy, deviation, fluctuation,
departure, disagreement,
dissimilarity. ANTONYMS: (n)
agreement, repetitiveness,
monotony, consistency, conformity,
preservation, equality
variations: (n) concerto, fantasia,
overture, pastorale, roulade,
symphony, cadenza
varied: (adj) mixed, various, diverse,
assorted, different, sundry,
diversified, heterogeneous,
manifold, motley, many.
ANTONYMS: (adj) dull,
homogeneous, uniform, same,
unvaried, similar, like, conservative,
unchanged, limited
varying: (adj) shifting, patchy,
Sense and Sensibility
changeable, unequal, changing,
varied, variant, fickle, unreliable,
untrustworthy, altering
vastly: (adv) greatly, hugely,
enormously, infinitely, extremely,
exceedingly, massively, very,
tremendously, highly, colossally
veal: (n) calf, venison, veau, animal
protein, beef, calves' feet, chicken,
ham, lamb, meat, mutton
vehemence: (n) force, violence, fury,
passion, eagerness, strength,
impetuosity, enthusiasm, fierceness,
heat, fervor. ANTONYMS: (n)
indifference, meekness, serenity
vent: (n) exit, opening, flue, chimney,
escape, blowhole; (n, v) discharge,
air, release; (v) emit, ventilate.
ANTONYMS: (n) door, closure; (v)
block, suppress
venture: (n, v) hazard, chance, stake,
peril, attempt, gamble, adventure;
(adj, n, v) dare; (n) speculation,
danger; (v) endanger
veracity: (n) truth, accuracy,
exactness, truthfulness, fact, reality,
precision; (adj) probity; (adj, n)
faithfulness, sincerity, candor.
ANTONYMS: (n) mendacity,
falsehood, falsity, dishonesty
verbal: (adj) oral, literal, unwritten,
vocal, wordy, talkative, lexical,
nominal, oral law, oral testimony,
prolix. ANTONYMS: (adj)
numerical, silent
vestibule: (n) lobby, hall, foyer,
antechamber, entrance hall, hallway,
entry, porch, passage, anteroom,
threshold
vexation: (adj, n) annoyance,
nuisance; (n) irritation, worry,
aggravation, displeasure, chagrin,
chafe, anger, frustration, botheration
vexed: (adj) troubled, irritated, angry,
pestered, peeved, harassed, sore,
harried, uneasy, cross, offended.
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
uncomplicated
vicinity: (n) region, district,
proximity, place, neighbourhood,
locality, environs, vicinage, area,
propinquity, nearness
viewing: (n) showing, contemplation,
preview, exhibit, display, view,
sight, look, show, performance,
covering
vigor: (n, v) energy; (adj, n) intensity;
(n) spirit, vitality, force, life,
strength, power, might, vim,
stamina. ANTONYMS: (n)
weakness, apathy, frailty, laziness,
enervation, inactivity, indifference,
illness, lifelessness, sluggishness,
tardiness
vigorous: (adj, n) robust, hardy,
powerful, brave; (adj) energetic,
strenuous, mighty, hearty, athletic;
(adj, v) lively, brisk. ANTONYMS:
(adj) feeble, weak, dull, inactive,
impotent, enervated, unwell,
uncommitted, unfit, weary, slow
vigour: (n) force, strength, vigor,
energy, power, potency, vim,
vitality, athleticism, verve, intensity
vile: (adj, n) contemptible, dirty, low;
(adj, v) base; (adj) despicable,
ignoble, evil, sorry, revolting,
offensive, nasty. ANTONYMS: (adj)
attractive, kind, nice, lovely, lovable,
gentle, honorable, good, delightful,
admirable, noble
villain: (n) rascal, scoundrel, rogue,
knave, miscreant, criminal, bandit,
crook, reprobate, varlet, rapscallion.
ANTONYMS: (n) heroine, hero
villainy: (n) evil, infamy, crime,
villany, misdeed, baseness,
enormity, atrocity, evildoing,
evilness, injustice
vindication: (n) defense, apology,
excuse, defence, plea, alibi, acquittal,
assertion, reason, exoneration,
protection. ANTONYM: (n)
accusation
violent: (adj, n) rough, furious,
tempestuous, severe, turbulent,
boisterous, powerful; (adj, v)
vehement; (adj) raging, intense,
sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle,
calm, nonviolent, mild, passive,
moderate, pleasant, slight, refined,
relaxed, friendly
violently: (adj, adv) vehemently,
hotly, madly, ardently; (adv) wildly,
passionately, strongly, hard,
furiously, turbulently; (adv, n)
vigorously. ANTONYMS: (adv)
gently, nonviolently, feebly,
impassively, peacefully, tamely
violoncello: (n) Cremona, tenor,
bowed stringed instrument, bass,
string
virtue: (adj, n) merit, excellence,
quality, attribute; (n) honor,
goodness, honesty, morality,
decency, probity, efficacy.
ANTONYMS: (n) wickedness, guilt,
vice, peccadillo, sin, dishonor,
immorality, evil, demerit,
inadequacy, disadvantage
virtues: (n) brawn, sinew, qualities,
nerve, manner, habit, disposition,
custom
virtuous: (adj) upright, pure,

righteous, good, moral, just,
honorable, honest, respectable,
decent, pious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
bad, sinful, corrupt, impure,
unethical, decadent, degenerate,
irreverent
visibly: (adv) apparently, noticeably,
manifestly, obviously, plainly,
perceptibly, appreciably, clearly,
discernibly, overtly, conspicuously.
ANTONYMS: (adv) imperceptibly,
invisibly, secretly, ambiguously
visiting: (adj) guest, impermanent,
temporary, visitant
visitor: (n) visitant, tourist, company,
traveler, caller, inspector, stranger,
foreigner, alien, sightseer, surveyor
vivacity: (adj, n) life, liveliness; (n)
energy, vitality, enthusiasm, dash,
spirit, vigor, happiness, sparkle,
effervescence. ANTONYMS: (n)
apathy, dullness, sluggishness
voices: (n) chorus
voluntarily: (adv) spontaneously,
willingly, intentionally, willfully,
volunteerly, deliberately,
gratuitously, readily, optionally,
independently, unforcedly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) obligatory,
reluctantly, forced, grudgingly,
unwillingly
volunteer: (v) offer, proffer, tender,
extend, propose, submit; (adj, n)
voluntary; (adj) unpaid; (n) military
volunteer, unpaid worker, worker.
ANTONYMS: (v) force, obligate,
compel, withdraw
vouchsafe: (v) grant, condescend,
allow, confer, stoop, give, please,
bestow; (n, v) accord; (adv) have the
goodness, will you
vowed: (v) promised, named,
benempt
vulgar: (adj) rude, coarse, plebeian,
nasty, common, foul, indecent,
gross, unrefined; (adj, n) low, vile.
ANTONYMS: (adj) refined,
sophisticated, tasteful, polite,
aesthetic, muted, fashionable,
decent, artistic, pleasant, clean
vulgarity: (n) indecency, vulgarism,
grossness, inelegance, crudeness,
commonness, obscenity, rudeness,
crudity, boorishness, indelicacy.
ANTONYMS: (n) politeness, purity,
classiness, civility, taste, decency
wager: (n, v) stake, hazard, risk,
venture, gamble, chance; (v) lay,
pledge, pawn, play; (n) stakes
waistcoat: (n) CHUDDER, barbe,
garment, jerkin, jubbah, oilskins,
pilot jacket, pajamas, cardigan,
Jane Austen
singlet, talma jacket
walker: (n) footer, hiker, rambler,
stroller, wayfarer, shuffler,
saunterer, perambulator, marcher,
backpacker, swaggerer
walnut: (n) wood, walnut tree; (v)
succotash, waffle, vanilla, trepang,
porterhouse steak, supawn, salmis,
sea slug, sauerkraut
wander: (n, v) stroll, saunter, tramp,
drift; (v) stray, digress, err, travel,
roam, deviate; (adj, v) rave.
ANTONYMS: (v) settle, stay, think,
converge
wandering: (adj) itinerant, nomadic,
erratic, rambling, errant, migratory;
(adj, v) stray, vagrant, vagabond,
unsettled; (n) peregrination.
ANTONYM: (adj) resident
wanting: (adj, v) missing; (adj)
deficient, lacking, absent, defective,
short, failing, insufficient, devoid,
poor, incomplete. ANTONYMS:
(adj) sufficient, satisfactory,
adequate, full, present
wanton: (adj) loose, dissolute, light,
licentious, unchaste, lewd,
debauched, unprovoked; (v) dally;
(n, v) sport; (adj, v) flirt.
ANTONYMS: (adj) moral, wise,
nice, kind, gentle, decent, clean,
careful, observant, justifiable,
involuntary
warehouse: (n, v) storehouse,
magazine, shop; (n) godown,
depository, repository, depot,
storage, storage warehouse,
entrepot, promptuary
warmed: (adj) warmer, warm, baked
warmly: (adv) cordially, ardently,
hotly, genially, affectionately,
vigorously, fervently, zealously,
eagerly, strongly, pleasantly.
ANTONYMS: (adv) coolly,
inhospitably, sourly, disagreeably,
indifferently, frostily, roughly,
rudely, apathetically
warmth: (adj, n) glow, fire; (n)
temperature, warmness, passion,
fervor, geniality, affection,
tenderness, fondness, sympathy.
ANTONYMS: (n) aloofness, chill,
chilliness, coldness, coolness,
unfriendliness, hostility, sourness,
abruptness, plainness, frostiness
warning: (n) notice, indication,
caution, advice, example, lesson,
hint, premonition, caveat,
admonition; (adj, n) monitory.
ANTONYMS: (n) encouragement,
recommendation, approval; (adj)
promising
469
warrant: (n, v) permit, vouch, license,
assure, sanction, empower; (n)
authority, authorization, security;
(v) justify, ensure. ANTONYMS: (n)
break; (v) debar
warranted: (adj) legitimate, secured,
bonded, legal, locked, mistaken,
necessary; (v) privileged,
sanctioned, allowed; (n) securer
washing: (n) laundry, laundering,
ablution, lavation, bathing, cleaning,
purification, elutriation,
dishwashing, backwash; (adj)
cleansing
wasted: (adj, v) squandered, rotten,
decayed, effete; (adj) thin,
cadaverous, emaciated, gaunt,
devastated, pointless, haggard.
ANTONYMS: (adj) bloated,
hypertrophied, strong, plump,
obese, fruitful, useful
watchful: (adj) alert, observant,
careful, cautious, wary, attentive,
wakeful, mindful, circumspect,
sleepless, awake. ANTONYMS: (adj)
inattentive, negligent, oblivious,
forgetful, careless, asleep, trusting,
unprepared, reckless
watchfulness: (n) care, caution,
alertness, heed, wariness, jealousy,
attentiveness, attention, solicitude,
concern, anxiety. ANTONYMS: (n)
recklessness, inattentiveness
weaken: (n, v) dilute; (v) lessen,
diminish, debilitate, break,
attenuate, relax, undermine,
enervate, thin; (adj, v) enfeeble.
ANTONYMS: (v) bolster, grow,
escalate, increase, refresh, improve,
enhance, continue, condense,
concentrate, boost
weakened: (adj) lessened, faded,
hurt, vitiated, damaged, cut, diluted,
thinned, attenuated, attenuate,
disabled
weakening: (adj) enfeebling,
enervating, debilitative, flagging; (n)
exhaustion, decline, enfeeblement,
enervation, debilitation, attenuation,
attrition. ANTONYMS: (n)
strengthening, restoration,
improvement; (adj) growing,
increasing
weakness: (adj, n) failing, fault,
debility, defect, infirmity, fragility,
feebleness, deficiency, imperfection,
foible; (n) flaw. ANTONYMS: (n)
power, dislike, intensity,
supremacy, determination,
advantage, brightness, superiority,
resistance, robustness, energy
wealthy: (adj, adv) moneyed; (adj)
 470
flush, opulent, affluent, prosperous,
loaded, substantial, generous,
ample, abundant, abounding.
ANTONYMS: (adj) poor,
impoverished, needy
weary: (adj, n, v) fatigue; (v) exhaust,
tire out; (adj) tired, exhausted,
fatigued, aweary, beat, languid; (n,
v) jade, bore. ANTONYMS: (adj)
energetic, fresh, lively, untiring,
hopeful, refreshed; (v) refresh,
enliven, energize, activate, rally
weathered: (adj) worn, wrinkled,
lined, battered, hardened, wrinkly,
rugged, tested, windswept,
weatherbeaten, weatherworn.
ANTONYM: (adj) smooth
well-behaved: (adj) wily, untoward,
shrewd, sulky, perverse, oppose,
obstinate, lovely, cunning, artful,
crafty
well-bred: (adj) courteous, mannerly,
urbane, civil, genteel, gentlemanly,
refined, nice, sophisticated,
thoughtful, debonair
well-disposed: (adj) propitious,
friendly, favorable, good-natured,
agreeable, neighborly, good,
resigned, sympathetic, willing,
receptive
well-established: (adj) genuine,
orthodox, dyed-in-the-wool
well-informed: (adj) educated,
conversant, knowing, wise,
intelligent, studious, versed
well-known: (adj) noted, prominent,
renowned, celebrated,
distinguished, known, familiar,
eminent, notorious, reputable,
outstanding
well-wisher: (n) friend, patron,
support, benefactor
whence: (adv) wherefrom, hence,
because, for, why, wherefore, how,
then, then thence so, how comes it,
how happens it
wherever: (adv) anywhere,
wheresoever, everywhere, where'er;
(n) anyplace
whims: (n) vagaries, freaks, humor,
ill humor, mood, facetiousness,
caprices, disposition, temper
whip: (n, v) lash, strap, goad; (v) flog,
flagellate, beat, punish, thrash,
trounce, stir, wallop. ANTONYMS:
(v) lose, return
whisper: (n, v) murmur, hum,
mumble, suggestion, hint, inkling;
(v) breathe, hiss; (n) rustle, trace,
breath. ANTONYM: (n) information
whispered: (adj) low, voiceless,
unvoiced, nonvocal, weak, unheard,
Sense and Sensibility
surd, supposed, sharp, thought,
quiet
whispering: (n) whisper, murmur,
susurration, rustle, report, stage
whisper; (adj, n) rustling; (adj)
susurrant, tranquil, hoarse,
susurrous
whist: (adj) quiet, noiseless; (n) long
whist, short whist, whisk, tut, tush,
dummy whist, cards, card game; (v)
shut up
whither: (adv) hither, thither,
whereunto, whereto, for
whoever: (n) anyone, somebody;
(pron) whosoever, whatsoever
person
wholly: (adj, adv) totally, entirely,
altogether, quite, exclusively,
perfectly, solely; (adv, pref) all;
(adv) fully, utterly, absolutely.
ANTONYMS: (adv) partially,
inclusively, hardly, incompletely,
slightly
wicked: (adj) bad, sinful, atrocious,
evil, vile, depraved, mischievous,
immoral, unholy, nasty, naughty.
ANTONYMS: (adj) innocent, pure,
pious, moral, kind, admirable,
kindhearted, helpful, decent,
assisting, aiding
wicket: (n) lattice, hatch, door, grille,
portal, hoop, ostiary, postern, porch,
grill, vestibule
widen: (v) extend, stretch, broaden,
enlarge, increase, spread, distend,
develop, dilate, amplify, flare.
ANTONYMS: (v) contract, cramp,
restrict, shrink, curtail, decrease
widow: (n) woman, relict, widower,
adult female, widow woman, war
widow, nobbled line; (adj)
widowed, additional; (v) leave
behind
widower: (n) adult male, widowman,
man
wildly: (adj, adv) madly,
extravagantly; (adv) savagely,
fiercely, violently, frantically,
brutally, furiously, tempestuously,
viciously, crazily. ANTONYMS:
(adv) quietly, peacefully, meekly,
cautiously, gently
wildness: (n) fierceness, ferocity,
savageness, abandon, rage,
extravagance, ferociousness,
intensity, vehemence; (v)
wilderness; (n, v) waste.
ANTONYMS: (n) tameness, order,
meekness, gentleness, caution,
orderliness
willingness: (n) alacrity, obedience,
promptness, receptiveness,
receptivity, openness, desire,
appetite, happy, volition, aptitude.
ANTONYM: (n) reluctance
winding: (n) twist, wind, turn; (adj)
indirect, crooked, circuitous,
meandering, twisty, wandering;
(adj, n) twisting, twisted.
ANTONYMS: (adj) direct, unbent
wisdom: (n) judiciousness,
knowledge, sapience, sagacity,
sense, prudence, discernment,
insight, learning, depth,
reasonableness. ANTONYMS: (n)
stupidity, folly, inexperience,
ignorance, flippancy, banality
wise: (adj) reasonable, sensible,
sound, rational, sagacious,
intelligent, prudent, shrewd,
discreet; (adj, n) knowing; (n)
method. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwise,
stupid, ignorant, mistaken, illogical,
reckless, naive, irrational, dense
wishes: (n) desires, requirements,
requests, needs, will
wishing: (n) wish, want, velleity,
option, need, privation, lack,
deprivation, deficiency, choice; (adj)
desirous
withdrawn: (adj) reserved, retiring,
solitary, indrawn, cloistered,
reclusive, uncommunicative,
taciturn, unsociable, lonely, shy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) visible,
forthcoming, forward, friendly,
known, sociable, uninhibited,
extroverted, seen, approachable,
extrovert
withhold: (v) reserve, keep, suppress,
deny, retain, hold, detain, restrain,
abstain, check; (adj, v) stint.
ANTONYMS: (v) transmit, release,
show, lavish, add
withstood: (v) resist
witness: (n, v) testimony, attest,
evidence; (n) bystander, eyewitness,
onlooker, observer; (v) observe,
notice, see, view. ANTONYMS: (v)
deny, participate, refute
witnesses: (n) audience
witticisms: (n) facetiae
witty: (adj, v) smart, clever, sharp,
brilliant; (adj) amusing, funny,
facetious, jocular, intelligent, quick,
comic. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull,
unamusing, unfunny, thick
wives: (n) woman
wondering: (adj) inquisitive,
speculative, suspicious
wont: (adj, n) use, custom, usage; (n)
practice, tradition, cleanliness,
assuetude, assuefaction, convention,
rut; (v) practise

wooded: (adj) arboreous, sylvan,
woody, timbered, densely forested,
leafy
woods: (n) forest, woodland, grove,
timber, jungle, sir Henry wood,
vegetation, timberland, Natalie
wood, virgin forest; (adj) wooden
woody: (adj) arboreous, ligneous,
wooden, forested, woodsy,
arboraceous, arboreal, harder, hard,
lignified, nemorous
worldly: (adj, adv) earthly; (adj)
mundane, secular, terrestrial,
temporal, carnal, sophisticated, lay,
profane; (adv) mundanely,
temporally. ANTONYMS: (adj)
spiritual, naive, cloistered, religious,
unsophisticated, unworldly,
unrefined, otherworldly, low,
heavenly, immaterial
worn: (adj) haggard, tired, tattered,
threadbare, ragged, drawn, jaded,
fatigued, exhausted, faded, wasted.
ANTONYMS: (adj) new, smart,
unused, unworn, pristine, original
worried: (adj) uneasy, distressed,
nervous, apprehensive, upset,
anxious, disturbed, concerned,
afraid, troubled, bothered.
ANTONYMS: (adj) carefree,
reassured, relaxed, untroubled,
fearless, unworried, unconcerned,
content, confident, serene
worship: (n) adoration, veneration,
adulation, cult, homage; (n, v)
reverence, respect, honor, revere,
adore, glorify. ANTONYMS: (v)
disrespect, dishonor, despise,
deprecate, scorn; (n) disdain,
disparagement, contempt,
detestation
worsted: (adj) disappointed; (n)
fabric, knitting worsted, cloth
worthless: (adj, v) futile, vain; (adj)
vile, idle, empty, trifling, void,
trivial, cheap, miserable, null.
ANTONYMS: (adj) precious, useful,
worthwhile, priceless, meaningful,
helpful, invaluable, deserving, valid,
worthy, substantial
worthy: (adj) noble, good,
meritorious, valuable, estimable,
respectable, deserving, worthwhile,
virtuous, honorable; (adj, n)
celebrity. ANTONYMS: (adj) bad,
unrespected, disreputable,
mediocre, petty, poor, unimpressive,
insignificant, dishonorable,
despicable; (n) nobody
wound: (n, v) bruise, cut, harm, pain,
damage, scratch, stab, sting; (n)
injury; (v) offend, injure.
Jane Austen 471
ANTONYMS: (v) heal, appease, aid, vehemence, fire, fervency, heat,
cure, repair fervour, ardour. ANTONYMS: (n)
wounded: (adj, v) hurt; (n) casualty, apathy, lethargy, patience
maimed; (adj) bruised, injured, zealous: (adj) keen, enthusiastic,
bloody, aggrieved, saddened; (v) fervent, ardent, avid, devoted,
stricken, wound, struck. strenuous, vehement, glowing, fiery;
ANTONYM: (adj) unaffected (adj, n) passionate. ANTONYMS:
wounding: (n) wound, injury; (adj) (adj) indifferent, apathetic,
hurtful, spiteful, traumatic, unenthusiastic, cool, halfhearted,
grievous, offensive, stabbing, moderate
inflicting wounds, impertinent, zealously: (adv) ardently, keenly,
harmful. ANTONYMS: (adj) heartily, vehemently, fervently,
harmless, complimentary, kind, earnestly, passionately, actively,
polite, sympathetic fierily, avidly, strongly.
wrapped: (prep) covered; (adj) ANTONYMS: (adv) halfheartedly,
clothed, draped, rapt, intent, apathetically
absorbed, engrossed, mantled,
packed, immersed; (adj, prep)
cloaked
wretched: (adj) unfortunate, pitiful,
sad, pitiable, woeful, pathetic,
piteous, lamentable; (adj, v) poor,
unhappy, forlorn. ANTONYMS:
(adj) fine, strong, fortunate,
overjoyed, nice, admirable, good,
cheery, joyous, lucky, comfortable
wretchedly: (adv) pathetically,
unhappily, desperately,
calamitously, sadly, meanly,
forlornly, piteously, disastrously,
gloomily; (adj, adv) miserably.
ANTONYM: (adv) hopefully
wretchedness: (n) unhappiness, grief,
distress, desolation, woe, sorrow,
anguish, infelicity, tribulation,
affliction, misfortune
wronged: (adj) upset, hurt, indignant,
offended
wrought: (adj) shaped, done, worked,
worked up, formed
yearly: (adv) annually, each year,
every year, per annum, per year, by
year; (adj) perennial, anniversary,
periodic, annual tickets; (n) a year
yield: (n, v) produce, return, allow,
give; (v) surrender, concede, submit,
give up, grant, cede; (n) output.
ANTONYMS: (v) persevere,
survive, stand, withstand, repel,
reject, prevent, withhold, acquire,
oppose, veto
yielded: (v) yold, yolden
yourselves: (pron) themselves,
myself, herself
youthful: (adj) immature, fresh,
green, juvenile, vernal, adolescent,
childish, new, tender, sappy,
beardless. ANTONYMS: (adj) adult,
mature, experienced, sophisticated,
late
zeal: (adj, n) eagerness; (n) fervor,
enthusiasm, devotion, passion,