Capital University of Science & Technology,

Islamabad
Control Engineering Lab Project Proposal
Mechanical Engineering Department

Project Title Speed Control of DC Motor using PID Controller

Instructor
Sir Attabik Tabib
Name
S# Student Name Registration Number

1 Sardar Rehan Yasin BME 143082

2 Syed Gohar Abbas BME 143066

3 Hamza Malik BME 143064

Project Idea
A Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control is required to be established which is used to control the
speed of a DC motor. A PID control consists of three circuits i.e. proportional, integral and derivative
which are summed together to provide a better control of the system. A Proportional control reduces rise
time but increases the overshoot. An Integral control which reduces steady state error but it increases the
settling time. Now the system becomes stable with PI control but the response has an overshoot. So, to
reduce overshoot another circuit is established also called Derivative control. These circuits work
simultaneously to stabilize the system and output is achieved as desired.

Project Objectives
The aim of this project is to control the speed of a DC motor using PID control circuit.
Following are the objectives that are to be fulfilled prior to completion:
• Tuning of PID circuit
• Virtually configuring the circuit diagram and them implementing it on hardware
• The circuit should work properly in the range of operation
Project Deliverables
Following are the deliverables of this project:
• Project Report
• Hardware circuit of PID control
• Working Simulation of the project
• DC motor speed to be controlled

Project Block Diagram

Following is the block diagram of the project. U(s) is the supplied voltage through trainer and X(s) is the
speed of motor.

Fig 1: Block Diagram of a PID Control

A PID control keeps the systems stable during its operation. The three controls i.e. P, I and D helps to
reduce overshoot, settling time and steady state error. All these controls work simultaneously to maximize
the stability of the system. A reference voltage is set which is then compared to the voltage generated at
the output by the help of feedback mechanism. Encoders are used to provide feedback and they measure
the frequency of rotation of motor and then this frequency is converted to voltage which is compared to
the reference voltage. Kp, Ki and Kd are parameters that will be required in tuning of PID i.e. these
parameters will set the range of PID for stable operation.[1][2]

Project Applications
PID has its applications in many areas which include the following:
• Cruise control of a car
• Regulation of flow, pressure, temperature, level and other industrial processes
• Automatic steering system for ships
• Where accurate and optimized automatic control is required
• Head positioning of a disk drive
• Power conditioning of a power supply
• Movement detection circuit of a modern seismometer.
References
Below are the references of papers that have been used prior to the development of this proposal;
[1] A. Nayak and M. Singh, “Study of Tuning of PID Controller By Using Particle Swarm Optimization,”
Int. J. Adv. Eng. Res. Stud., vol. 4, no. Jan.-March, pp. 346–350, 2015.

[2] A. P. Singh, U. Narayan, and A. Verma, “Speed Control of DC Motor using Pid Controller Based on
Matlab,” Innov. Syst. Des. Eng., vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 22–28, 2013.

Student 1 Sig.

Student 2 Sig.

Student 3 Sig.