Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via

Bluetooth smartphone

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree

of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted By:
Nitin tiwari(9125757288)
Nityanand(7007115911)
Naveen Gautam
Nishchal

ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

United College of Engineering and Management

SUBMITTED TO: …………………………

Contents
Introduction: ................................................................. 3

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 1
Block Diagram: .............................................................. 3
Experiences: .................................................................. 4
Hardware Used: ............................................................ 5
Software used: .............................................................. 5
Benefits: .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
References .................................................................. 11

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 2
Introduction:
By using this system any person can control the speed of BLDC motor
by using an Android Smart phone. Android smart phone will be having
software running on it. This software will have some buttons. By
pressing each button phone will send a command to receiver section
by using Bluetooth link. According to these commands motor at the
receiver end will change its speed. Speed will be controlled using PWM
technique.

Block Diagram:

Bluetooth Link
Bluetooth
receiver

LPG sensor
Microcontroller
Atmega16
Temperature
sensor

Motor Driver
IC L293

BLDC
motor

Figure 1

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 3
Working
Any person who wants to control the motor will first pair his phone
with this system.

Phone will be connected with this system by using Bluetooth link.

When any button will be pressed on Android phone then phone will
send the command to this system.

HC05 Bluetooth receiver will receive these commands and give it to

microcontroller ATMEGA16.

According to the received command microcontroller will control the

motor drive IC L293.

L293 will control the speed of BLDC motor.

Speed will be controlled using PWM technique.

Experiences:

Technical Experiences:

 Bluetooth Receiver HC05

 Microcontroller ATMEGA16

 BLDC Motor

 Motor Driver IC L293

Personal Experiences:

– Time management

– Communication

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 4
 – Accountability

Hardware Used:
 HC-05
 Microcontroller ATMEGA16
 BLDC Motor
 Motor driver IC
 Power supply

Software used:

 All the software developed for this project will be loaded into
the memory of the ATMEGA16 microcontroller.

 The language must be supported by the ATMEGA16 compiler

 The ATMEGA16 compiler supports C and Assembly

Reasons for Selection C Programming Language:

 Vast amount of online resources

 Ease of development

 Team members have experience of coding in C.

Microcontroller Atmega16

 The ATmega16 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based

on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful
instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega16 achieves
throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 5
 designer to optimize power consumption versus processing
speed.

Features:

• High Performance, Low Power Atmel®AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller

• Advanced RISC Architecture
– 131 Powerful Instructions - Most Single Clock Cycle Execution
– 32 × 8 General Purpose Working Registers
– Fully Static Operation

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 6
– Up to 1 MIPS throughput per MHz
– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
• Data and Non-Volatile Program Memory
– 16/32/64K Bytes Flash of In-System Programmable Program
Memory
– 512B/1K/2K Bytes of In-System Programmable EEPROM
– 1/2/4K Bytes Internal SRAM
– Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/ 100,000 EEPROM
– Data Retention: 20 years at 85°C/ 100 years at 25°C(1)
– Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits
In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program
True Read-While-Write Operation
– Programming Lock for Flash Program and EEPROM Data Security
• On Chip Debug Interface (debugWIRE)
• CAN 2.0A/B with 6 Message Objects - ISO 16845 Certified
• LIN 2.1 and 1.3 Controller or 8-Bit UART
• One 12-bit High Speed PSC (Power Stage Controller)
– Non Overlapping Inverted PWM Output Pins With Flexible Dead-
Time
– Variable PWM duty Cycle and Frequency
– Synchronous Update of all PWM Registers
– Auto Stop Function for Emergency Event
• Peripheral Features

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 7
– One 8-bit General purpose Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler,
Compare Mode
and Capture Mode
– One 16-bit General purpose Timer/Counter with Separate
Prescaler, Compare
Mode and Capture Mode
– One Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
– 10-bit ADC
Up To 11 Single Ended Channels and 3 Fully Differential ADC Channel
Pairs
Programmable Gain (5×, 10×, 20×, 40×) on Differential Channels
Internal Reference Voltage
Direct Power Supply Voltage Measurement
– 10-bit DAC for Variable Voltage Reference (Comparators, ADC)
– Four Analog Comparators with Variable Threshold Detection
– 100μA ±2% Current Source (LIN Node Identification)
– Interrupt and Wake-up on Pin Change
– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-Chip Oscillator
– On-chipTemperature Sensor
• Special Microcontroller Features
– Low Power Idle, Noise Reduction, and Power Down Modes
– Power On Reset and Programmable Brown Out Detection
– In-System Programmable via SPI Port
– High Precision Crystal Oscillator for CAN Operations (16MHz)

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 8
– Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator ( 8MHz)
– On-chip PLL for fast PWM ( 32MHz, 64MHz) and CPU (16MHz)
• Operating Voltage: 2.7V - 5.5V
• Extended Operating Temperature:
– -40°C to +85°C
• Core Speed Grade:
– 0 - 8MHz @ 2.7 - 4.5V
– 0 - 16MHz @ 4.5 - 5.5V

Bluetooth Receiver HC-05

 It is a Bluetooth module with Serial Port Profile , which can configure as

either Master or slave. a Drop-in replacement for wired serial
connections, transparent usage. You can use it simply for a serial port
replacement to establish connection between MCU, PC to your
embedded project and etc.

Temperature sensor

 LM35 is a precision IC temperature sensor with its output proportional to

the temperature (in oC).

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 9
  The sensor circuitry is sealed and therefore it is not subjected to oxidation
and other processes.

 With LM35, temperature can be measured more accurately than with a

thermistor. It also possess low self heating and does not cause more than
0.1 oC temperature rise in still air.

 The operating temperature range is from -55°C to 150°C. The output

voltage varies by 10mV in response to every oC rise/fall in ambient
temperature, i.e., its scale factor is 0.01V/ oC.

Advantages
This project is having application in polar countries where working in
so much low temperature is a critical issue, so any person can send a
command from phone and save his time and labor cost. This system
will be cheap and safe.

Limitations
Bluetooth range is 15meters, so it can’t be used for range more than 15meters.

Future scope
Bluetooth can be replaced by Wi-Fi.

It can be controlled over internet using an online desktop application.

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 10
Applications
It can be used in temperature controlling.

It can be used in LPG gas leakage security systems.

References

1. Augarten, Stan (1983). The Most Widely Used Computer on a Chip: The TMS 1000. State of
the Art: A Photographic History of the Integrated Circuit (New Haven and New York: Ticknor
& Fields). ISBN 0-89919-195-9. Retrieved 2009-12-23.
2. "Oral History Panel on the Development and Promotion of the Intel 8048 Microcontroller"
(PDF). Computer History Museum Oral History, 2008. p. 4. Retrieved 2011-06-28.
3. "Atmel’s Self-Programming Flash Microcontrollers" (PDF). 2012-01-24. Retrieved 2008-10-
25. by Odd Jostein Svendsli 2003
4. Jim Turley. "The Two Percent Solution" 2002.
5. Tom Cantrell "Microchip on the March". Circuit Cellar. 1998.
6. http://www.semico.com
7. Momentum Carries MCUs Into 2011 http://semico.com/content/momentum-carries-mcus-
2011
8. "MCU Market on Migration Path to 32-bit and ARM-based Devices". April 25, 2013. It
typically takes a global economic recession to upset the diverse

Speed control of BLDC motor using PWM technique via Bluetooth smartphone Page 11