12 Appendix C

Appendix C
Supervisory Control and Data

Acquisition System (SCADA)
Appendix C - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA)
236 Volume 4 Malaysian Sewerage

Industry Guidelines
C-1 Introduction: Overview

SCADA is the acronym for Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition, SCADA
or Human-Machine Interface (HMI). The system allows distributed input to be
continuously monitored without the intervention of an operator and allows supervisor
or operator (depending on security level) to remotely control of equipment operating
status.
Data acquisition begins at the Programming Logic Controller, PLC level and includes
meter readings and equipment statuses that are communicated to the SCADA as
required. Data is then compiled and formatted in such a way that a control room
operator using the HMI can make appropriate supervisory decisions that may be
required to over-ride normal PLC controls. (A SCADA system includes all the
pieces, HMI, controllers, I/O devices, networks, software, etc.).
SCADA systems typically implement a distributed database which contains data

elements called tag points. A tag point represents a single input or output value
monitored or controlled by the system. Tag points can be either “hard” or “soft”.
A hard point is representative of an actual input or output connected to the system,
while a soft point represents the result of logic and math operations applied to
other hard and soft points. The point values are normally stored as value-timestamp
combinations; the value and the timestamp when the value was recorded or calculated.
A series of value-timestamp combinations is the history of that point.
The SCADA provides a user-friendly front-end to a control system containing

programmable logic controller (PLC) that provide automated, pre-programmed control
over a process. This enables the SCADA system to gather data automatically and
remotely rather than manually and site in-situ.
A SCADA software can be linked to a database (normally SQL-Structured Query

Language), to provide instant trending, diagnostic data, scheduled maintenance
procedures, logistic information, detailed schematics for a particular sensor or
machine, and expert-system troubleshooting guides. Most major PLC manufacturers
have offered integrated HMI/SCADA systems, many of them using open and non-
proprietary communications protocols (such as MODBUS or Profibus).
In short, interfacing on of SCADA with PLC offers efficient monitoring and control
of process in a large installation site and with large number of distributed equipment
at a site. SCADA provide alarm notification, historical and on-line trending plots of
control parameters for effective process monitoring and control. SCADA system can
also be implemented with PPM schedule maintenance notification and reminder.
The SCADA that are installed at the remote sites can be linked to a Master Station
via communication system (Radio frequency or WIFI or other on-line communication
channels). The data from an equipment is collected via on-line data acquisition or,
unless otherwise allowed, on batch mode via data logging devices.
Sewage Treatment Plants Volume 4 237

The SCADA software can also activate alarm messaging to inform the operator
station for exceptional event (critical alarm) reporting. Remote Access Server (RAS)
features can provide for either via Internet or other dial-up method (fixed line and/
or wireless modem).
All the proposed SCADA software shall be scalable and flexible enough to allow the
integration of any additional SCADA controller in future expansion. It shall provide
with many industrial standard protocols to allow the user to integrate easily.
C-2 Purpose
This document will provide basic technical requirement for implementation of
integrated SCADA/HMI in sewerage system.
C-3 General Requirements

The SCADA system shall be scalable process control solutions designed to meet
the required automation needs in the sewerage industries. The system shall provide
the required level of performance, flexibility, ease of use, and low life-cycle cost
of ownership, making use of the following technology that includes:
The SCADA system shall be Window based client/server system and make use of
the following technologies: -
• Dynamic data caching, alarming, human machine interface, history collection,

and reporting functions;
• Web viewable, providing secure, advanced user interface HMI capabilities
based on an open industry standard html file format and Web Browser
access;
• Extensive list of communication interfaces;
• Secure Internet Browser based on-line documentation and support.
C-4 Architecture
The SCADA architecture shall be flexible and scalable to allow expansion requirements.
The basic architecture shall incorporate all but not limited to the followings:
• Standard based workstations;

• powerful Windows based server(s);
• Windows based clients;
• Industry communication standards shall follow IEEE specification;
• object-based configuration tools;

Industry Guidelines
• controllers/remote terminal units;

• with power surge protection;
• Modem: digital or analog;
• Network switches or routers;
• Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS);
• data logger & storage devices for continuous monitoring of operation in
the event of cessation of communication;
C-5 SCADA Requirement

The SCADA shall utilize all but not limited to the followings available technologies
and features:
• HMI Web – A web-based architecture that allows HMI and application

data which uses HTML display format to provide casual access of process
graphic displays.
• Real-time Database – a true Client/Server architecture where a real-time
database on the server provides data to a number of client applications
including:
o Operator stations
o Microsoft office applications (such as Microsoft Excel or Microsoft
Access)
o Internet explorer
• Open Systems – incorporates open technologies and standards including
SQL, ODBC, DDE, Visual Basic, and other OLE for process control.
• Infrastructure – in cooperate alarm/event management system; configure
reports, history collection and a variety of standard system trends.
• On-line documentation – provides users access to system information and
documentation.
• Interfaces – Data acquisition ability from a wide variety of remote terminal
units and controllers.
Other powerful supervisory control features include:
• Integrated detail displays, custom graphics, alarms, history, and reports

• Standard control functions
• Operator security
• Redundant Windows XP/server operation
• A common interface for SCADA and other control types such as Hybrid
Control
• Database and diagnostic integration with process and discrete controllers
• Graphical building tools
• Standard and user-definable application templates
• International system and local language support

• Optional applications such as Alarm Pager interface, Downtime Analysis,

and statistical Process Quality Control
Standard facilities shall include but not limited to the followings:

• Windows based HMI
Multiple local and remote operator stations

Interface: TCP/IP, fieldbus, Modbus, Hart
• Support for redundant controller/RTU communications
Integration of multiple systems

Real-time data access for a wide variety of process connected devices
• Supervisory data acquisition and control of controllers and remote terminal
units
• alarm management
• Extensive historian and trending
• Flexible standard or customized reports
• Optional Live Video Capture integration
• Industry standard local and wide area network integration
• Secure data integration with third party applications
• ActiveX Document and Scripting support
C-6 Operator Interface

The operator interface station shall allow object based graphics to provide the
HMI for the user with object concern. The system shall employ industry de-factor
standards, such as Microsoft Windows, HTML and the Internet so as to minimize
operator training due to familiarity of operating environment.
Critical information is conveyed using dedicated enunciators for alarms, controller

communication failures, operator/controller messages and equipment downtime
conditions. A dedicated alarm line shows the most recent (or oldest) highest priority,
unacknowledged alarm at all times.
Software system displays shall include but not limited to the followings: -
• Menu/navigation displays
• Alarm summary
• Event summary
• Trends
• Operating groups
• System status displays
• Configuration displays
• Loop Tuning displays
• Diagnostic and maintenance displays
• Summary displays

Industry Guidelines
Optional Live Video integration shall provide remote viewing and viewing control
features.
Security software feature shall provide restricted access, no access and full access
(plant management).
Network access shall permit authorized operator stations on a network to share a

preconfigured number of connections to the system. This allows a number of users
on a network to access production data on off-line basis.
C-7 Database
The SCADA software shall but not limited to the following real-time database:
• Analog configuration parameters
• Digital configuration parameters
• Accumulator configuration parameters
• User defined configuration parameters
Each point in the database has a number of associated configurable parameters, all
of which can be referenced relative to a single ‘tag name’.
SCADA shall maintain the real time database that requires frequent high-speed
access as memory resident information and other less frequently accessed data as
disk resident data. Memory resident data is logged to data storage device every
specified time frame defined by the administrator to minimize the loss of data in
the event of loss of power.
C-8 Alarm/Event Management

The SCADA software System shall provide comprehensive alarm and event detection,
management, and reporting facilities. Alarm presentation of alarm / event management
shall include but not limited to the followings:
• Multiple alarm priorities

• Dedicated alarm zone
• Configurable alarm priority colors
• Associated display
• Audible alarms
• Alarm cutout
• Area assignment
• Operator log

• Hierarchical alarming
• Alarm/event reporting
• Alarm/communication/ message/downtime annunciator
• Alarm priority escalation
The standard Alarm Summary display shall allow operators to focus on the problem
at hand by supporting filters. Alarms may be filtered by:
• Area or location or unit processes

• Acknowledge Status
• Priority
Colors for the various priority levels of alarms can be configured by the user for
display purposes in the Alarm Summary and on custom graphics. The recommended
color codes are provided in Appendix 1. The software shall support configuration
of alarm priority colors and display on all process graphic displays to enables
operators immediately determine critically of the alarm.
The alarm shall annunciate in the status zone blinks with the color of the highest
priority for unacknowledged alarm. The alarms configuration shall consist but not
limited to the followings:
• SPV Hi
• SPV Lo
• Transmitter Hi
• Transmitter Lo
• Trip
• Time out
With each of the configured alarms assigns a priority ranging from "Attention" -
acknowledge of non-critical alarm that required maintenance attention, "Responsive"
- action required with predefined period, "Urgent" - action required immediately.
The Alarm/Event summary shall list but not limited to the followings:
• Alarms
• Alarm Acknowledgments
• Return to normal
• Operator Control Actions
• Operator Login & Security Level Changes
• On-line Database Modifications
• Communications Alarms
• System Restart Messages

Industry Guidelines
C-9 Historian
Historical trend shall provide wide range of sampling frequencies in both data-
point and average formats. The history trend intervals are shall be able to but not
limited to the following displays:
• second data-point of pre-defined scale
• minute data-point of pre-defined scale
• hour data-point of pre-defined scale
• minute-average of pre-defined scale
• hour-average of pre-defined scale
• day-average of pre-defined scale
• Month-average of pre-defined scale
The historical data is to be display in various formats describe herewith:

• Graphical trend plot displays (average, max, min, and other statically
format)
• Tabulation displays (average, max, min, and other statically format)
• Query databases of selected parameters.
C-10 Graphical Trending
Graphical trending configuration shall be able to configure by selecting the parameters

to be plot and its time-scales. Minimum trend types shall include but not limited
to the followings:
• Single and Multi bar graphs (selectable scales)
• Single and Multi-line trends plot (selectable scales)
• Multi-range trends plot (selectable scales)
• X-Y line and scatter trend plots (selectable scales)
• Mathematical plots (logarithm scale, moving average, etc)
Functions provided for analyzing and manipulating data include:

• Combination real-time/historical plots
• zooming, panning, and scrolling
• Configurable trend density
• Saving of trend plot and expert to various format (*.xls, HTML, XLM,
etc)
• clipboard copy/paste enable

C-11 Report Format
The software shall provide but not limited to the following report formats:
• Alarm/Event Log reports - selectable time frame, filterable events and

alarms to enable traceability of alarm.
• Exportable Excel / Access format - able to save selected data/report format
to Microsoft Excel/Access format.
• Statistical data analysis format - generates reports of selectable statistical
functions such as Max/Min and standard deviation.
• Point Attribute Log - displaying specific attributes selectable from a
list.
Reports should be generated as required time frame (interval), event-driven, or on-

demand basis. Report may be directed to screen, printer, file, or directly to another
computer for analysis or viewing electronically.
C-12 Security
The SCADA software shall provide configurable security levels, control levels
and area assignments. These may be configured for each individual operator or
alternatively for each operator station. The security levels shall be able to configure
the following security levels:
Level 1:
Sign-on for View mode only
Level 2:
View only mode with alarm acknowledge
Level 3:
Level 2 plus control of field parameters
Level 4:
Level 3 plus field parameters of level 4, configure standard system
infrastructure such as reports
Level 5: Level 4 plus user configured field parameters
Level 6: Unlimited access
Operator sign-on/sign-off shall be logged. Any actions initiated by an operator are

logged in the Event database with the operator identifier. In addition any control
actions to a given point is only allowed if the control level configured in the
operator profile exceeds the level assigned to the point.
Logon password shall not be less than 6 alphanumeric characters and shall be
encrypted. Operators may change own passwords; however, new password shall
not be the same as the last 10 passwords used in the previous 3 months. Three
unsuccessful attempts of logon shall lock the operator out for a lock-out period.
Once logged on, an operator can log off at any time or will be automatically signed
off after a defined period of inactivity.

Industry Guidelines
Area assignments limit operator access to graphics, alarms and point data to assigned
areas, providing effective plant partitioning. Individual operator profiles, including
security levels, control levels and area assignments, are activated when operators
sign on to the system. In addition, area profiles can be created enabling plant areas
to be enabled or disabled for control, between certain time and date criteria.
C-13 Scripting
The software shall have the VB or VBA scripting language enable to allow user to
create script that will run when a display is active or scripts can also be attached
to server objects like point parameters, alarm events, report completion and other
events.
C-14 Interfaces
SCADA software provides Data Acquisition and Control facilities to communicate
with a wide range of controllers and Remote Terminal Units (RTUs). The controllers
connection type shall comply with the following communication protocol:
Serial / TCP/IP / ControlNet / Modbus+ / ASCII / TCP/IP / Ethernet
Data Acquisition –supports acquisition of data using either:

Periodic Scanning
C-15 Distributed Server Architecture

Distributed Server Architecture is integrated processes when there are multiple control
stations, or for segmenting control across units, providing the ultimate flexibility
for both operations and control. Distributed Server Architecture also provides the
maximum flexibility for geographically distributed sites.
C-16 Web Server

SCADA software shall provide Web Server capability to provide integration
mechanism for plant-centric operational information. Based on the SCADA software
Distributed Server Architecture, a web server bridges the Process Control and
Enterprise domains, dynamically tracking the “pulse” of the enterprise. Web server
brings many benefits to the end user:
• Isolation of non-critical enterprise functions from the process control

system
• Consolidated business system integration to/from many SCADA software
systems

• Consolidation of casual users’ accounts and licenses in one location

• Cross-system reporting
• Minimal engineering requirements
C-17 Digital Video Monitoring
The software may have optional Digital Video Monitoring that integrates digital
video controls and storage with the software to assist in process monitoring. Some
of the features are:
• Remote monitoring of unmanned sites

• Integration with SCADA software, providing event-based capture and
storage of video images
• Event-activated, user-activated, and scheduled recording
• Ability to search stored video, based on SCADA software events
• Scalability from 4 cameras to more than 1,000 cameras.
The DVM shall base on open system hardware that digitizes video from standard
video cameras and transports the video to SCADA software clients anywhere on
the network for real-time viewing.
C-18 Integrated Maintenance Management
Integrated Maintenance Management (IMM) delivers computerized maintenance management

system (CMMS) – completely integrated with SCADA software. IMM shall deliver but
not limited to the following key benefits:
• More efficient preventive and predictive maintenance

• Reduced downtime of critical plant equipment
• Effective work scheduling
• Automated creation of work orders from SCADA software events and data
values
IMM enables the automated creation, assignment, tracking and closing of maintenance
work orders. If required, work orders can also be manually raised. This is all
managed from either your IMM SQL server database with full access available
through the open Web-based interface of IMM.

Industry Guidelines
C-19 Application Report
The SCADA software shall have the capability to produce but not limited to the
following reports:
• Batch Report
• Downtime analysis
• Schedule maintenance
• Statistical Process & Quality Control (SPQC)
• Event archiving
• Alarm messaging (SMS or pager)
Batch Reporting –integrated reporting of batches process data, to be compiled

and archived by the SCADA software. The batch reports either as a CSV file or
Microsoft Excel, if available.
Downtime Analysis –to detect, record and code any equipment breakdowns or process
delays to provide plant downtime analysis. A list of all current downtime events is
maintained as well as the history of previous downtime events, with each assigned
a category and a reason code. Downtime reports may be printed periodically or
on-demand, showing downtime duration sorted by categories and reasons.
Schedule Maintenance –allows supervisory control to schedule at a specified time.

The maintenance report of the equipment is to be reported.
Statistical Process & Quality Control (SPQC) - generates statistical report of average
(of specified time period) of the real-time data collected by the system.
Event Archiving –archiving events logged data by the system that based on sampling
frequency and storage capacity.
Alarm Messaging – reports the alarm messages sent designated supervisors. The report
shall incorporate summary of alarm messages by alarm type and supervisors.
C-20 Application Programming Interface
Application programming interface (API) shall be provided for interfacing with

SCADA software server and the client network based.
The API (programmed in C/C++(visual) or programmed in VB (Visual Basic)) on

the server includes the following functions:
• read and write to control module parameters in the database

• access to historical data

• initiate supervisory control actions

• access to the alarm/event subsystem
• access to user-defined database
• provide a prompt for operator input
• create alarms/events
C-21 User Documentation
SCADA software documentation shall be made available in three basic forms:

• Electronic On-line Documentation using HTML Internet Browser
• On-line Help (F1 function key from within applications)
• Printed documentation
C-22 Specifications and Sizing

SCADA software Client/Server Specifications
Basic Server Workstation Specifications
Processor Pentium Processor (Latest version)

Memory 1 GB
Hard Disk Size 200 GB
Display Resolution 1024 x 768, 65K colors
Operating System (Minimum) Microsoft Windows (Latest edition)
Network Protocols TCP/IP
Basic Client Workstation

Specifications
Processor Pentium Processor (Latest version)

Memory 1 GB
Hard Disk Size 200 GB
Display Resolution 1024 x 768, 65K colors
Operating System (Minimum) Microsoft Windows NT (Latest
Network Protocols edition)
TCP/IP, NFS

Industry Guidelines
SCADA software Server Performance
Operational Display Update
Maximum Continuous Display Update Rate 1 sec
Typical Field Change to Display Update Time with < 2 sec

100 Parameters Per Display on a Single Station/
Server
Typical Display Call Up Time with 100 Parameters < 2 sec

on a Single Station/Server (call up time is dependent
on display complexity; this excludes the first initial
call up)
SCADA Storage Sizing
Standard Default Default Maximum Storage Capacity

Sampling Duration Samples Duration (maximum no. of
Rate samples)
1 minutes 24 hours 1441 69 days 100 000
6 minute 7 days 1682 416 days 100 000

average
1 hour 7 days 170 11.4 years 100 000

average
8 hour 3 months 281 91.2 years 100 000

average
24 hour 1 year 368 273.8 years 100 000
average

Attachment C - 1: Color Coding for Equipment Status
Status/Alarm Color & Blinking

Notes of Event
Event State Status
Running Green (Non-Blinking) Equipment is in operating
status
Standby Red (Non-Blinking) Equipment is in standby

operating status
Off Red (Blinking) Equipment is “Off” or “Manual”

mode.
Trip Amber (Blinking): Equipment “Tripped” due to the

followings reasons:
1) ELR detection;
2) PSR detection;
3) Over-current;
4) Over-heated motor;
5) MCB Trip;
SP High Level Yellow (Non-Blinking) Alarm event of high level than
set point
SP Low Level Light Blue (Non- Alarm event of lower level than
Blinking) set point
Transmitter Hi Yellow (Blinking) Alarm event due to transmitter

high (<=4mA) value.
Transmitter Lo Light Blue (Blinking) Alarm event due to transmitter

low (<=4mA) value.
Time Out Amber (Blinking) Alarm due to time out by PLC

timer or other timer.

Industry Guidelines
Attachment C - 2: SCADA Control and Monitoring Function

Requirement
Description Analog (A)/

Description of Monitoring of Control Digital (D)
SCADA Control /
Item
Point Point
Monitoring
Qty
(For Each Equipment) (For Each
AO
DO
AI
DI
Equipment)
Instrumentation
Panel
Instrumentation Panel - Local Indicator 1 1
Instrumentation Panel - Remote Indicator 1 1
Instrumentation Panel - Battery
Indicator 1 1
Low
TNB Power (kWh meter) Data Record 1 1

PLC System
PLC (battery Low) Measure 1 1 Alarm Low (Fault Report)
Battery Charger Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)

Penstock
Penstock Panel: Manual Switch Indicator 1 1
Penstock Panel: Auto Switch Indicator 1 1
IP open close RTU via RS-485 Serial Link
Penstock Position Actuator (%) 1
control Alarm - High torque
Penstock - Fully Open Indicator 1 1
Penstock - Fully Close Indicator 1 1
Remote
Penstock - To Open / To Close 1 1
Control
Penstock - UPS Low Indicator 1 1

UPS (battery Low) Inlet
Measure 1 1
Penstock

Primary Coarse Screen
Screen - Run Indicator 1 1 Counter - Number of start / stop
Screen - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Screen - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1
Screen - Manual Mode Indicator 1 1
Remote
Screen - To Start / Stop 1 1
Control
Reset of Hour-
Screen - Run-hour record 0 Software counter running hours
Run meter
Control Start / Stop operation by
Differential Level : Upstream Indicator 1 1
diff. level
Differential Level :
Indicator 1 1 Ref level for upstream.
Downstream

RSP Pumps
Pump - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Pump - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Pump - Off (MCCB) Indicator 1 1 Record non-operation hours
Remote Start/
Pump - To Start / Stop 1 1 Software control / PLC
Stop
Reset of Hour-
Pump - Run-hour record 0 Software counter running hours
Run meter
Pump - Ampere Reading 1 1 Record when operation
Pump - Voltage Reading 1 1 Record when operation

Analog (A)/
Digital (D)
Description of
Description of Monitoring
Control Point
Item
Point
(For Each SCADA Control /
(For Each Equipment)
Qty
AO
DO
AI
DI
Equipment) Monitoring
Pump - Soft Starter Amp/Volt Parameters Setting

1 1 RJ45 / RS485
Comm. / Review

Float level
US Level Level
measurement 1 1
Float Level - L0 On/Off Indicator 1 1 Cut-off operation

Float Level - L1 On/Off Indicator Control Start / Stop operation
1 1
by diff. level
1 1
by diff. level
1 1
by diff. level
1 1
by diff. level

Float Level - L0 Fault Indicator For fault identification (Alarm
1 1
Fault report)
1 1
Fault report)
1 1
Fault report)
1 1
Fault report)
1 1
Fault report)

Sump Pump / Dewatering

Pump
Pump - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Pump - To Start / Stop Remote Start /
1 1 Software control / PLC
Stop
Pump - Run-hour record Reset of Hour-Run
0 Software counter running hours
meter

Ampere / Volmeters
Pump - Ampere Reading 1 1 Record when operation
Pump - Voltage Reading 1 1 Record when operation
Float level
Float Level - L0: ON / OFF Indicator 1 1 Cut-off operation
Control Start / Stop operation
Float Level - L1: ON / OFF Indicator 1 1
by diff. level
Float Level - L0 Fault Indicator 1 1 For fault identification
Float Level - L1 Fault Indicator 1 1 For fault identification

Secondary Fine Screen
Screen - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Screen - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Screen - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1
Screen - Manual Mode Indicator 1 1
Screen - To Start / Stop Remote Control 1 1

Industry Guidelines
Analog (A)/
Digital (D)
Description of
Control Point
Item
Point
Qty
AO
DO
AI
DI
Reset of Hour-Run
Screen - Run-hour record 0 Software counter running hours
meter

Mechanical Differential Level : Control Start / Stop operation
Indicator 1 1
Upstream by diff. level
Mechanical Differential Level :
Indicator 1 1 Ref level for upstream.
Downstream

Screenings Conveyor
Screen c/v - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Screen c/v - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Screen c/v - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1
Screen c/v - Manual Mode Indicator 1 1
Screen c/v - To Start / Stop Remote Control 1 1
Software counter / Interlock
Reset of Hour-Run
Screen c/v - Run-hour record 0 with screen operation with delay
meter
off.

Screenings Wash Water Pumps
Wash-water Pump - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Wash-water Pump - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Wash-water Pump - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1
Wash-water Pump - Manual
Indicator 1 1
Mode
Wash-water Pump - To Start /
Remote Control 1 1
Stop
Wash-water Pump - Run-hour Reset of Hour-Run
0 with screen operation with delay
record meter
off.

Grit / Grease System
Grit Blower - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Grit Blower - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Grit Blower - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1
Grit Blower - Manual Mode Indicator 1 1
Grit Blower - To Start / Stop Remote Control 1 1
Software counter / software
Reset of Hour-Run
Grit Blower - Run-hour record 0 Timer control operation by
meter
rotation.
Grit Pump : On Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Grit Pump : Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Grit Pump - To Start / Stop Remote Control 1 1
Reset of Hour-Run
Grit Pump - Run-hour record 0 Timer control operation by
meter
rotation.
Grit Classifier : On Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Grit Classifier : Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Grit Classifier - To Start / Stop Remote Control 1 1
Reset of Hour-Run
Grit Classifier - Run-hour record 0 Timer control operation by
meter
rotation.
Grit Auger : On Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Grit Auger : Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)

Analog (A)/
Digital (D)
Description of
Control Point
Item
Point
Qty
AO
DO
AI
DI
Grit Auger - To Start / Stop Remote Control 1 1

Reset of Hour-Run
Grit Auger - Run-hour record 0 Timer control operation by
meter rotation.

Grit Drum Screen : On Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Grit Drum Screen : Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Grit Drum Screen - To Start /
Remote Control 1 1
Stop
Grit Drum Screen - Run-hour Reset of Hour-Run
0 Timer control operation by
record meter rotation.

Auxiliary
LV System
Main LV Board Main Breaker
Indicator 1 1 Status
: ON
Main LV Board Main Breaker :
Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
TRIP (Earth Fault)
TRIP (Over Current)
Reading 1 1 Record
Ampere
Reading 1 1 Record
Voltage
Room Temperature Monitoring
Reading 1 1
/ Alarm
Bus Couple : ON Indicator 1 1
Bus Couple : OFF Indicator 1 1
kWHr Meter: Reading 1 1 Record

HT System
HT Income Panel VCB : ON Indicator 1 1 Status
HT Income Panel VCB: TRIP
(Earth Fault)
HT Income Panel VCB: TRIP
(Over Current)
HT Income Panel VCB: Ampere Reading 1 1 Record
HT Income Panel VCB: Voltage Reading 1 1 Record
Battery Charger Indicator 1 1 Record (Alarm fault)
Battery Low Indicator 1 1 Record (Alarm Low)
Room Temperature Monitoring
Reading 1 1 Record / Alarm (High)
/ Alarm
kWHr Meter Reading 1 1 Record

Transformer System
Transformer Temperature Alarm Indicator 1 1 Record / Alarm (High)
Transformer Pressure Alarm Indicator 1 1 Record / Alarm (High)

CO2 System
TNB Room: CO2 Panel
Indicator 1 1 Record / Alarm (activated)
Activated
Switch Gear: CO2 Panel
Activated
Transformer Room: CO2 Panel
Activated

Industry Guidelines
Analog (A)/
Description of Digital (D)
Control Point
Item
Point
Qty
AO
DO
AI
DI
Main Switch Room: CO2 Panel Indicator

1 1 Record / Alarm (activated)
Activated
MCC Room: CO2 Panel Indicator
Activated
Gen Set- CO2 Panel Activated Indicator 1 1 Record / Alarm (activated)
CO2 Panel DC supply Battery Indicator
Low

Gen Set System
Gen Set - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Gen Set - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Gen Set - To Start / Stop Remote Start /
(Remote) Stop
Gen Set - To Stop (Remote) Remote Start /
Stop
Gen Set - Run-hour record Reset of Hour-Run
meter
Gen Set -Battery Charge Indicator 1 1 Record / Alarm (Fault)
Gen Set -DC Battery Low Indicator 1 1 Record / Alarm (Low)
Gen Set -Diesel Fuel oil low Indicator 1 1 Record / Alarm (Low)
Surge Vessel Compressors

System
Air Compressor - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Air Compressor - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Air Compressor - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1
Air Compressor - Manual Mode Indicator 1 1
Air Compressor - To Start / Stop Remote Control 1 1
Air Compressor - Run-hour Reset of Hour-Run
record meter
Surge Vessel Level Indicator Level Measure 1 1
Surge Vessel Pressure Indicator Pressure Measure 1 1

Force Ventilation: Grit System
Fan : Manual Indicator 1 1
Fan : Auto Indicator 1 1
Fan : ON / OFF Indicator Status & Software counter
1 1
running hours
Fan : Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Fan : To Start / Stop Remote Start /
1 1
Stop

Gas Scrubber System
Scrubber Fan : Manual Indicator 1 1
Scrubber Fan : Auto Indicator 1 1
Scrubber Fan : ON / OFF Indicator Status & Software counter
1 1
running hours
Scrubber Fan : Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Scrubber Fan : To Start / Stop Remote Start /
1 1
Stop

Aeration Blower
Blower - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Blower - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Blower - Off (MCCB) Indicator 1 1 Record non-operation hours

Analog (A)/
Description of Digital (D)
Control Point
Item
Point
Qty
AO
DO
AI
DI
Blower - To Start / Stop Remote Start /

Stop
Blower - VSD Parameters Speed Control 1 1 RTU via RS-485 Serial Link
Blower - Run-hour record Reset of Hour-Run Software counter / software
meter 0 Timer control operation by
rotation.
Blower - Ampere Measure 1 1 Record when operation
Blower - Voltage Measure 1 1 Record when operation

Temperature Sensor
Blower - Temperature Measure 1 1 Record & Alarm (High Temp)
Air Flow Meter
Air Flow Meter Measure 1 1 Record & Alarm (low level)

Force Ventilation: Blower

Room
Fan : ON / OFF Indicator Status & counter no. of start /
1 1
stop
Fan : Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Fan : To Start / Stop Remote Start /
1 1
Stop
Fan : Run-Hour record Reset of Hour-Run Software counter / software
meter 1 Timer control operation by
rotation.

D.O. Meter
D.O. Meter Measure Record / Control Speed &
1 1
Alarm (Low)

Anoxic Mixer
Anoxic Mixer - Run Indicator Status & counter no. of start /
1 1
stop
Anoxic Mixer - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Anoxic Mixer - Off (MCCB) Indicator 1 1 Record non-operation hours
Anoxic Mixer - To Start / Stop Remote Start /
Stop
Anoxic Mixer - Run-hour record Reset of Hour-Run
0 Software counter
meter
Anoxic Mixer - Ampere Measure 1 1 Record when operation
Anoxic Mixer - Voltage Measure 1 1 Record when operation

Primary or Secondary Clarifier
Clarifier - Run Indicator Status & counter no. of start /
1 1
stop
Clarifier - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Clarifier - Off (MCCB) Indicator 1 1 Record non-operation hours
Clarifier - To Start / Stop Remote Start /
Stop
Clarifier - Run-hour record Reset of Hour-Run
0 Software counter
meter
Clarifier - Ampere Measure 1 1 Record when operation
Clarifier - Voltage Measure 1 1 Record when operation

Industry Guidelines
Description of Analog (A)/

Description of Monitoring Digital (D)
Control Point
Item Point
Qty
AO
DO
AI
DI
Status & counter no. of start /
Pump - Run Indicator 1 1
stop
Remote Start /
Pump - To Start / Stop 1 1 Software control / PLC
Stop
Reset of Hour-Run
Pump - Run-hour record 0 Software counter
meter
Pump - Ampere Measure 1 1 Record when operation
Pump - Volt Measure 1 1 Record when operation

Sludge Flow Meter
RAS/WAS Flow Rate Meter Measure 1 1 Record
RAS/WAS Flow Rate Totalizer Measure 1 1 Record

Flow Meter System
Flow Meter
Measure 1 1 Record
(Data record of flow rate)
Flow Meter (Totalizer) Measure / Reset 1 1 SCADA Software Accumulator

Gravity Thickener
G. Thickener - Run Indicator 1 1
stop
G. Thickener - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
G. Thickener - Off (MCCB) Indicator 1 1 Record non-operation hours
Remote Start /
G. Thickener - To Start / Stop 1 1 Software control / PLC
Stop
Reset of Hour-Run Software record of running
G. Thickener - Run-hour record 0
meter hours
G. Thickener - Ampere Measure 1 1 Record when operation
G. Thickener - Voltage Measure 1 1 Record when operation

Thickened Sludge Digester Feed

Pump: Primary & Secondary
Feed Pump - Run Indicator 1 1
stop
Feed Pump - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Feed Pump - Off (MCCB) Indicator 1 1 Record non-operation hours
Remote Start /
Feed Pump - To Start / Stop 1 1 Software control / PLC
Stop
Feed Pump - Run-hour record 0
meter hours
Feed Pump - Ampere Measure 1 1 Record when operation
Feed Pump - Voltage Measure 1 1 Record when operation
Speed control : RTU via RS-485
Feed Pump - VSD Parameters Speed Control 1 1
Serial Link

Sludge Flow Meter
Sludge Feed Flow Rate Meter Measure 1 1 Record
Sludge Feed Flow Rate Totalizer Measure 1 1 Record

Gas Blower
Gas Blower - Run Indicator 1 1
stop
Gas Blower - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Gas Blower - Off (MCCB) Indicator 1 1 Record non-operation hours

Analog (A)/
Description of
Description of Monitoring Digital (D)
Control Point
Item
Point
Qty
AO
DO
AI
DI
Remote Start / Speed control : RTU via RS-485
Gas Blower - VSD Parameters 1 1
Stop Serial Link
Gas Blower - Run-hour record 0
meter hours
Gas Blower - Ampere Measure 1 1 Record when operation
Gas Blower - Voltage Measure 1 1 Record when operation

Temperature Sensor
Gas Blower - Temperature Measure 1 1 Record & Alarm (High)
Gas Flow Meter
Gas Flow Meter Measure 1 1 Record

Digester Gas Detector Meters
Record & Alarm (Detection &
H2S Meter at Dewatering House Measure 1 1
Fault)
Record & Alarm (Detection &
Methane Gas Meter Measure 1 1
Fault)
Record & Alarm (High-Low &
PVRV Sensor Meter Measure 1 1
Fault)
Internal Digester Gas Analyzer Measure 1 1 Record & Report

Floating Roof Gas Holder
Floating Roof Level Measure 1 1
Fault)
High Lever Alarm Indicator 1 1 Alarm (High)
Low Lever Alarm Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Low)
PVRV Sensor Meter Measure
Fault)

Gas Flare System
Gas Control Actuator Valve: Full
Indicator 1 1 Record & Timer
Open
Gas Control Actuator Valve: Full
Indicator 1 1 Record & Timer
Close
Gas Control Actuator Valve:
Indicator 1 1
Manual
Indicator 1 1 Program Control operation
Auto
Gas Control Actuator Valve: ON Indicator 1 1
stop
TRIP
Gas Control Actuator Valve: To Remote Start /
Turn Clockwise Stop
Gas Control Actuator Valve: To Remote Start /
Turn Counter-Clockwise Stop

Record & Alarm (flame
Pilot Light Igniter Indicator 1 1
distinguished)
Flare Igniter : Manual Indicator 1 1
Flare Igniter : Auto Indicator 1 1 Program Control operation
Flare Igniter : ON Indicator 1 1 Program Control operation
Record & Alarm (flame
Flare Indicator Indicator 1 1
distinguished)

Pressure Indicator: Inlet Measure 1 1 Record & Report Fault
Pressure Indicator: Discharge Measure 1 1 Record & Report Fault

Sludge Feed Pump to Belt Press
Belt Press Feed Pump - Manual Indicator 1 1

Industry Guidelines
Analog (A)/
Digital (D)
Description of
Control Point
Item
Point
Qty
AO
DO
AI
DI
Belt Press Feed Pump - Auto Indicator 1 1 Program Control operation

Belt Press Feed Pump - Run Indicator 1 1
stop
Belt Press Feed Pump - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Belt Press Feed Pump - Off
Indicator 1 1 Record non-operation hours
(MCCB)
Belt Press Feed Pump - To Start/ Remote Start /
Stop Stop
Belt Press Feed Pump - Run-hour Reset of Hour-Run Software record of running
0
record meter hours
Belt Press Feed Pump - Ampere Measure 1 1 Record when operation
Belt Press Feed Pump - Voltage Measure 1 1 Record when operation
Belt Press Feed Pump - VSD Speed control : RTU via RS-485
Speed Control 1 1
Parameters Serial Link

Belt Press Compressors System
Air Compressor - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Air Compressor - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Air Compressor - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1 Program Control operation
Air Compressor - Manual Mode Indicator 1 1
Air Compressor - To Start/Stop/
Remote Control 1 1 Software control / PLC
Stop
Air Compressor - Run-hour Reset of Hour-Run
record meter

Sludge Cake Conveyor
Screen c/v - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Screen c/v - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Screen c/v - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1 Program Control operation
Screen c/v - Manual Mode Indicator 1 1
Screen c/v - To Start / Stop / Stop Remote Control 1 1
Reset of Hour-Run
Screen c/v - Run-hour record 0 with screen operation with delay
meter
off.

Belt Backwash Washwater

Pumps
Washwater Pump - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Washwater Pump - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Washwater Pump - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1 Program Control operation
Washwater Pump - Manual Mode Indicator 1 1
Washwater Pump - To Start /
Stop / Stop
Washwater Pump - Run-hour Reset of Hour-Run
record meter
off.

Polymer Preparation Unit
Polymer Mixing - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Polymer Mixing - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Polymer Mixing - Auto Mode Indicator 1 1 Program Control operation
Polymer Mixing - Manual Mode Indicator 1 1
Polymer Mixing - To Start / Stop Remote Control 1 1 Software control / PLC

Analog (A)/
Digital (D)
Description of
Control Point
Item
Point
Qty
AO
DO
AI
DI

Polymer Mixing - Run-hour Reset of Hour-Run
0 with screen operation with
record meter
delay off

Polymer Dilution Skid - Run Indicator 1 1 Record number of Start / stop
Polymer Dilution Skid - Trip Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Polymer Dilution Skid - Auto
Indicator 1 1 Program Control operation
Mode
Polymer Dilution Skid - Manual
Indicator 1 1
Mode
Polymer Dilution Skid - To Start/
Stop
Polymer Dilution Skid - Run- Reset of Hour-Run
hour record meter
off.

Force Ventilation: Sludge Feed

& Dewatering Room
Fan : Run Indicator 1 1
stop
Fan : Off Indicator 1 1 Alarm (Fault Report)
Remote Start /
Fan : To Start / Stop 1 1
Stop
Fan : Run-Hour record 1
meter hours

Notes:
AI = Analog Input AO = Analog Output DI = Digital Input DO = Digital Output
Qty = Quantity

Industry Guidelines
Attachment C - 3: Representation of SCADA Control Symbols

Attachment C - 3: Representation of SCADA Control Symbols
PUMPS & AERATION DEVICES
PUMPS & AERATION DEVICES
EQUIPMENT OFF MODE ON MODE

PUMPS
(Centrifugal)

PUMPS
(Progressive Cavity)

BLOWER

SURFACE AREATOR


Treatment Plant
ACCESSORIES & FITTINGS
ACCESSORIES & FITTINGS
EQUIPMENT OFF MODE ON MODE
Valves
(General)
BUTTERFLY VALVE
AGITATOR
CONVEYORS
CONVEYORS SCREW

Industry Guidelines
Sewage Treatment Plants Third Edition Page 235

Volume 4
OTHERS
OTHERS
EQUIPMENT SYMBOLS
PLC CONTROLLER
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
SCADA WORKSTATION
POWER TRANSMISSION
METER
COMPRESSOR
TANK

Treatment Plant

12 Appendix C

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12 Appendix C

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Appendix C

Supervisory Control and Data

236 Volume 4 Malaysian Sewerage

C-1 Introduction: Overview

SCADA systems typically implement a distributed database which contains data

The SCADA provides a user-friendly front-end to a control system containing

A SCADA software can be linked to a database (normally SQL-Structured Query

Sewage Treatment Plants Volume 4 237

C-3 General Requirements

• Dynamic data caching, alarming, human machine interface, history collection,

• Standard based workstations;

238 Volume 4 Malaysian Sewerage

• controllers/remote terminal units;

C-5 SCADA Requirement

• HMI Web – A web-based architecture that allows HMI and application

Other powerful supervisory control features include:

• Integrated detail displays, custom graphics, alarms, history, and reports

Sewage Treatment Plants Volume 4 239

• Optional applications such as Alarm Pager interface, Downtime Analysis,

Standard facilities shall include but not limited to the followings:

Multiple local and remote operator stations

Integration of multiple systems

C-6 Operator Interface

Critical information is conveyed using dedicated enunciators for alarms, controller

240 Volume 4 Malaysian Sewerage

Network access shall permit authorized operator stations on a network to share a

C-8 Alarm/Event Management

• Multiple alarm priorities

Sewage Treatment Plants Volume 4 241

• Area or location or unit processes

242 Volume 4 Malaysian Sewerage

The historical data is to be display in various formats describe herewith:

C-10 Graphical Trending

Graphical trending configuration shall be able to configure by selecting the parameters

Functions provided for analyzing and manipulating data include:

Sewage Treatment Plants Volume 4 243

C-11 Report Format

• Alarm/Event Log reports - selectable time frame, filterable events and

Reports should be generated as required time frame (interval), event-driven, or on-

Operator sign-on/sign-off shall be logged. Any actions initiated by an operator are

244 Volume 4 Malaysian Sewerage

Serial / TCP/IP / ControlNet / Modbus+ / ASCII / TCP/IP / Ethernet

Data Acquisition –supports acquisition of data using either:

C-15 Distributed Server Architecture

C-16 Web Server

• Isolation of non-critical enterprise functions from the process control

Sewage Treatment Plants Volume 4 245

• Consolidation of casual users’ accounts and licenses in one location

C-17 Digital Video Monitoring

• Remote monitoring of unmanned sites

C-18 Integrated Maintenance Management

Integrated Maintenance Management (IMM) delivers computerized maintenance management

• More efficient preventive and predictive maintenance

246 Volume 4 Malaysian Sewerage

C-19 Application Report

Batch Reporting –integrated reporting of batches process data, to be compiled

Schedule Maintenance –allows supervisory control to schedule at a specified time.

C-20 Application Programming Interface

Application programming interface (API) shall be provided for interfacing with

The API (programmed in C/C++(visual) or programmed in VB (Visual Basic)) on

• read and write to control module parameters in the database

Sewage Treatment Plants Volume 4 247

• initiate supervisory control actions

C-21 User Documentation