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on the stator
Z. Q. Zhu, Y. Pang, W. Hua, M. Cheng, and D. Howe
Comparison of electromagnetic performance of brushless motors having magnets in stator and rotor
Journal of Applied Physics 103, 07F124 (2008); 10.1063/1.2838222
Evaluation of parameter sensitivities for flux-switching permanent magnet machines based on simplified
equivalent magnetic circuit
AIP Advances 7, 056615 (2017); 10.1063/1.4973695
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 99, 08R319 共2006兲
FIG. 1. Schematics of DSPM and FSPM machines, and open-circuit field distributions.
gap flux density distribution, the phase flux linkage, the that end effects, which are accounted for in the 3D FE
peak air gap flux density distribution along the machine axis, analysis but not in the 2D FE analysis, reduce the peak air
predicted from 2D and 3D magnetostatic finite element gap flux density in the active region by ⬃5% and ⬃12%,
analyses, as well as measured and predicted phase back-emf respectively, for the FSPM and DSPM machines, the
wave forms for the DSPM and FSPM machines, respectively. difference between the two machines being due to the
It will be seen that both air gap field distributions contain different topologies and magnetic saturation levels. Conse-
significant harmonics, similar to a SR machine. In the quently, the amplitudes of the back emf’s are reduced by
overlapping region of the stator teeth and rotor teeth, the ⬃14% and ⬃23% for the FSPM and DSPM machines,
radial component of air gap flux density is very high, being respectively. The 2D FE analyses significantly overestimate
⬃1.5 and ⬃2 T for the DSPM and FSPM machines, the air gap field as well as the flux-linkage and back-emf
respectively, the peak air gap flux density in the FSPM ma- wave forms, while the 3D FE predictions agree well
chine being significantly greater due to the much more pro- with the measurements. Furthermore, the back-emf wave
nounced flux focusing from the permanent magnets, al- form for the FSPM machine is essentially sinusoidal, hence
though significant local magnetic saturation also exists, making such a machine more appropriate for brushless ac
particularly in the stator and rotor tooth tips. The flux-linkage operation, while that of the DSPM machine is essentially
wave form for the FSPM machine is bipolar, while that of trapezoidal, which makes it more suitable for brushless dc
the DSPM is unipolar, as expected. It will also be seen operation.
08R319-3 Zhu et al. J. Appl. Phys. 99, 08R319 共2006兲