M/c. No.

T-1039

GOVERNING SCHEME WRITE-UP M/c. TYPE HNK 63/2.8-3

HYDERABAD W.O.No. 1-0-193-068-00

CUSTOMER : ROHIT FERRO TECH LTD, JAJPUR

ORISSA; 1X67.5 MW STG
CONSULTANT : DCPL, KOLKATA
Reference scheme : 1-T1039-00204
_____________________________________________________________________________
INTRODUCTION:

The Turbo-generator set is equipped with Electro-hydraulic governing system. The system offers
the advantages of electronics methods for measurement and signal processing and use of hydraulic devices
for continuous control of large positioning devises. The advantages of these combinations are better
integration capability, high quality steady state and dynamic response and facility for implementation of
complicated functions.

The signal processing control function and interlocks are incorporated in the electrical control cubicle,
which is placed in the control room. An Electro-hydraulic converter provides the link between electronic
section and the hydraulic section.

The governing system is simple and easy to operate and maintain. The Electro hydraulic governor
maintains the speed of turbo-generator set constant according to the droop characteristic. Additionally
turbine-governing system incorporates protective devices like emergency stop valves, remote trip solenoid
valve, over-speed governor and rotor axial shift etc…

The governing function is realized with Woodward governor 505; the governor will be configured with
Speed controller, Load controller and Inlet pressure controller.

The governor will be in speed control mode from startup to Synchronizing, after synchronizing (GCB
closed) the load control mode will become active, transfer from speed control mode to load control mode is
automatic.

SPEED CONTROL:

The speed probes (311A&311B) sense the turbine speed digitally and feed the actual speed signal
to speed controller. The speed controller can be programmed for droop mode or isochronous mode
depending on requirements. The speed controller gives output signal to Electro-hydraulic converters
through ratio modules. The Electro-hydraulic converters convert the electrical signal into hydraulic signal
(secondary oil pressure).

POWER CONTROL:
Load/Power control can be envisaged when the turbo generator is synchronized with grid. In this
case it is not possible to influence the frequency of the turbine as the grid dictates the generator
frequency. Hence the speed controller circuit can be used to influence the power by changing the speed
set point thereby controlling the opening of the governing valves for flow increasing/decreasing the load.

INLET PRESSURE CONTROL:

Inlet Pressure control is envisaged when the turbo generator is synchronized with grid. In this
case it is not possible to influence the frequency of the turbine as the grid dictates the generator
frequency. To control inlet pressure the inlet pressure mode of control is applied. Inlet pressure control is
a cascade control which influences the speed reference setpoint by comparing a 4-20 mA pressure signal
STEAM TURBINE ENGINEERING DEPT TCED DOCUMENT No
T & C ENGINEERING CODE 415 4T103900213.DOC
FORMAT No REV PREP. BY CKD. BY APPD. BY REV 03
DATE 28.04.12
TER-9235-00 00
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 M/c. No. T-1039

GOVERNING SCHEME WRITE-UP M/c. TYPE HNK 63/2.8-3

HYDERABAD W.O.No. 1-0-193-068-00

to a reference pressure signal and sending a corrective signal to speed reference. This speed reference
signal in turn sends signal to control valve servomotor for positioning of the valves thereby controlling
pressure.

ELECTRONIC GOVERNOR:
The Electro-hydraulic speed control circuit comprises of speed probes (SE 311A & B),
Woodward controller 505, Electro hydraulic converter (1800), control valve actuator (1910) and
control valves (0801).
The speed controller in the Woodward electronic governor feeds a signal based on the actual
speed/load to Electro-hydraulic converter (1800). The Electro-hydraulic converter converts the electrical
signal into proportional hydraulic signal called as secondary oil pressure.

ELECTRONIC OVER SPEED PROTECTION:

A dedicated electronic over speed protection system is provided apart from the protection given
in the electronic governor which receives signals from proximity probe transducers or magnetic pickups
(SE 312 A,B&C).

ELECTROHYDRAULIC CONVERTER (1800):

The Electro-hydraulic converter is connecting link between electronic and hydraulic parts of
Electro-hydraulic governing system.
The output signal of electronic governor is fed to the torque motor of Electro-hydraulic converter
(I/H). Torque motor positions the control slide, which in turn builds up the secondary oil pressure
proportional to the signal. This secondary oil pressure is transmitted to the control valve actuator.

EMERGENCY STOP VALVE (2301A & B) AND SOLENOID VALVES (2220,2221A&B)

The identical emergency stop valves (2301A & 2301B) are of quick closing type and consist of a spring-
loaded piston, a piston disc, which is in turn connected to the valve cone through a spindle.
The emergency stop valve is actuated by means of solenoid valves (2220, 2221A & B) and a
control circuit built in the electronic control cubicle. The logic and interlocking part permits the opening
of emergency stop valve only when the control valve (0801) of the turbine is closed.
When the solenoid valves (2220 & 2221A) are energized, the start-up oil pressure builds up to
the right stop valve and PSH359 will activate on pressure high. On activation of PSH359, solenoid valve
2221B will energize to build up the start up oil pressure to the left stop valve and PSH357 will activate on
pressure high. On activation of PSH359 &PSH357 the solenoid valve 2220 will de-energize and there by
trip oil pressure builds up below the piston disc and PSH361will activate on pressure high. Solenoid valve
2221A is now de-energized, and the start up oil of the right stop valve is drained through orifice
(5611A).Stop valve right now opens and limit switch (ZSH369) signal is activated. On activation of limit
switch (ZSH 369) solenoid valve 2221B is de-energized to drain the start up oil of the left stop valve and
activating the limit switch (ZSH 368).On opening of right and left stop valves, limit switches(ZSH 369
&ZSH 368) are taken for start permissive of control valve(0801).The opening and closing speeds of
emergency stop valves can be set accurately with the aid of adjustable orifices(5610,5611A &B) in the oil
drain lines of the solenoid valves. When the control oil header pressure becomes less than 6.5 kg/cm2(abs)
the alarm(PAL) will be generated through PT352 and if it falls below 4.5kg/cm2 (abs) the turbine will be
tripped through the interlock given for 2/3 logic (of PSLL353A,B&C) in the control oil header.
STEAM TURBINE ENGINEERING DEPT TCED DOCUMENT No
T & C ENGINEERING CODE 415 4T103900213.DOC
FORMAT No REV PREP. BY CKD. BY APPD. BY REV 03
DATE 28.04.12
TER-9235-00 00
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 M/c. No. T-1039

GOVERNING SCHEME WRITE-UP M/c. TYPE HNK 63/2.8-3

HYDERABAD W.O.No. 1-0-193-068-00

Stop valves are tripped mechanically on the loss of trip oil (i.e. when trip oil pressure
becomes less than 2kg/cm2(g)) which holds the piston disc against the spring force.

(The pressure set points provided here are only informative. For final set values please refer
to Instrument Schedule (Doc. No.TCI-MFA-1022-01)).

TESTER (2309A&B) FOR EMERGENCY STOP VALVE

Testing devices (2309A&B) are provided to check the proper functioning of emergency
stop valves (2301A&B) during normal operation of turbine. If the testing device is operated, it will
admit the pressure oil to the space behind the test piston of emergency stop valve, which will then
be pushed against the piston and move the piston and valve spindle towards the closed position
(partial closing).

CONTROL VALVE ACTUATOR (SERVOMOTOR) (1910)

Control valve actuator (1910) position the control valves (0801) corresponding to the
effective secondary oil pressures generated by IH convertor.
Control valve actuator (Servomotor) mainly consists of a pilot valve; a power cylinder and
a feedback system. Upon change in secondary oil pressure, pilot valve provides oil passages to and
from power cylinder. The movement of power piston is transmitted to the control valves through
levers. The feedback lever resets the pilot valve to its neutral position once the power piston
occupies new position corresponding to changed secondary oil pressure. The system is such that
the increase in secondary oil pressure causes the control valves to open. Hence interruption of
secondary oil pressure causes the control valves to close.

DAMPING DEVICES (5620)

Damping devices (5620) damp out the quick oscillations in secondary oil pressure generated by
IH converter; this helps in improving the stability of the governing system

REMOTE ENGAGEMENT OF HAND TRIP VALVE :

Hand trip valve (2250) can be put into operation remotely with the help of a control switch, i.e. a
pressure switch (PSH 362) and a solenoid valve (1050).
As soon as control switch is pressed, solenoid valve (1050) gets energized and oil flows into hand
trip valve (2250) and reset the trip lever. Soon after trip oil pressure is built up, solenoid valve gets de-
energized through the pressure switch (PSH 362).

HAND TRIP VALVE (2250)

Whenever the turbine is to be tripped, the governing oil pressure (trip oil line after hand operated
valve) is drained by hand trip valve. Thus pressure in front of stop valve piston disc and secondary oil
pressure falls, resulting in closure of stop valve and control valves.

STEAM TURBINE ENGINEERING DEPT TCED DOCUMENT No

T & C ENGINEERING CODE 415 4T103900213.DOC
FORMAT No REV PREP. BY CKD. BY APPD. BY REV 03
DATE 28.04.12
TER-9235-00 00
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 M/c. No. T-1039

GOVERNING SCHEME WRITE-UP M/c. TYPE HNK 63/2.8-3

HYDERABAD W.O.No. 1-0-193-068-00

The hand trip valve (2250) is operated manually. Since it is a mechanical valve, there are no
additional sensors, but the supply of oil at port A of tripping device holds the tripping device
during operation. During trip due to loss of trip oil pressure the holding pressure falls thereby the
tripping the trip device.

SOLENOID VALVES (2223 A, B,C):

Solenoid valves (2223A, B, C) are for operation of QCNRVs (2350 A, B, C&D).
Function of the solenoid valves is:
a) To open the QCNRV at an extraction enabled condition.
b) To close the QCNRV on turbine trip and HP heaters and deaerators level high.

NON RETURN EXTRACTION STEAM VALVE (2350A, B, C&D)

In the extraction steam line, non-return quick closing flap valve has been
provided, which prevents reverse flow of steam into the turbine. Also at turbine trip, its actuator,
which in turn acts at the loss of trip oil pressure, closes non-return valve, change over valve
(5400A, B &C) helps in quick draining of oil from non-return valve actuator.
TRIP SOLENOID VALVE (2222)

The turbine can be tripped from remote place eg. Control panel by de-energizing the solenoid valve
(2222) or through limit value monitoring circuit. When solenoid valve (2222) de-energized, it interrupts oil
supply to governing system and at the same time de pressurizes the governing system. Turbine shall trip
immediately on loss of control oil pressure, trip oil pressure (The pressure signal of Control oil and Trip oil
is taken through pressure switches PSLL 353A/B/C and PSLL 354A/B/C after the trip occurrence).

DUPLEX FILTER (4520):

The Duplex filter with 225 lpm 20 micron filtration is consist of filter head with change
over valve and two filter bowls which are removable for maintenance. The change over
mechanism facilitates redirection of fluid stream from the dirty to clean filter housing without
reduction in flow. The arrangement also provided with a maintenance indicator, which monitors
the degree of clogging of the filter elements. Arrows indicate which filter bowl is in operation.
Closing of both filter bowls simultaneously is not possible.

ACCUMULATOR (4600):

Oil accumulator supplies oil for a short time during changeover of pumps or during
quick action of servomotor. The nitrogen pre-charge pressure should be 70% of the control oil
header (Whenever the control oil header pressure falls below the nitrogen pre-charge pressure
then the oil will be supplied by accumulator to oil circuit to meet the requirement).

STEAM TURBINE ENGINEERING DEPT TCED DOCUMENT No

T & C ENGINEERING CODE 415 4T103900213.DOC
FORMAT No REV PREP. BY CKD. BY APPD. BY REV 03
DATE 28.04.12
TER-9235-00 00
(APARNA) (SG) (KHS) SHT. 4 OF 4