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Fig. 2.1 A conceptual picture of sodium laurate adsorption onto hematite. a dilute solution,
single-ion adsorption; b concentrate solution, semi-micelle adsorption; c ion–molecule coadsorption
where X− refers to the xanthate anion, A− refers to the anionic from mineral.
Wark and Cox also proposed another model, which is similar to Eq. 2.1. The
model becomes following [7]:
Mþ Mþ
MN N þ X ! MN X þ N ð2:2Þ
where X− refers to the xanthate anion; M+ refers to the cation, and N− refers to the
anion from mineral.
According to their results, collector’s effective style is its ions and occur com-
petitive adsorption with OH− in water on mineral surface. For studying the critical
condition of flotation occurring, Wark et al. (Melbourne University) reported that
the collector concentration and the solution pH of sulfide mineral showed a
relationship. Taking the adsorption of potassium ethyl xanthate onto galena, for
example, the relationship between reagent concentration and solution pH is pre-
sented by the following: