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Prestressed Concrete – Lecture 2
Flexural Behaviour of Uncracked Members
Initial Strains
Consider a section in a prestressed member that is
subjected to its self-weight + prestress at time = 0
strain reference points
A A' E E'
O p O
yG
e ci Q Q' pe
C D
B B' F' F
strains concrete stresses
creep and shrinkage strain in concrete
The increase in compressive strain in the concrete at the level of
the tendon equals the reduction in tensile strain in the tendon.
The new total strain in the tendon is:
Effects of Creep and Shrinkage
Next consider the same section after deferred losses (time = )
A A' E E'
p O
yG
e Q Q' pe
C D
A A' E E'
p O
yG
e Q Q' pe
C D
The elastic strain line must also rotate about point O, and the new elastic
line is A"B". Thus, at the tendon level the elastic strain in the concrete is
now CQ" and the inelastic strain is Q"Q'.
Effects of Creep and Shrinkage
Next consider the same section after deferred losses (time = )
The band between A"A' at the top fibre and B"B' at the bottom fibre
represents the total inelastic (creep and shrinkage) strain in the concrete.
Effects of Creep and Shrinkage
Next consider the same section after deferred losses (time = )
P
See Appendix D
Upward deflection due to moment Pe1: of Text
Appendix D of Text
Initial deflection due to prestress
The final value of the creep function at time infinity is expressed as:
After a long period of time the creep function approaches its final value
o* and the long-term curvature is thus:
where yo is the initial deflection due to dead load, prestress plus any
permanent component of the live load and R* is the multiplying factor:
The previous analysis ignores the presence of the tendon and any
untensioned reinforcing steel, which tend to reduce the creep curvature.
where pp is the ratio of the tendon area to the gross area, pp = Ap/Ag,
and np is the modular ratio, np = Ep /Ec.
For sections containing both tendons and tensile reinforcing steel,
replace Ap with an equivalent area of steel, Aeq, where:
where cs is the free shrinkage and α1 and α2 are similar to the
parameters above in the creep analysis.
Shrinkage deflection in an uncracked member:
correction for presence of reinforcing steel and tendon
The non-dimensional parameters, α1 and α2, are given by:
where