First lecture of disaster management

Introduction of disaster management

Dictionary meaning of disaster may be taken as a sudden accident or natural event
that cause great loss or damage of life. So by definition disaster itself is sudden and
causes immense damage to property and life.The united nation define a disaster as
a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society. Disasters
involves wide spread human, material, economic, and environmental impact which
exceed the ability of the effected community or society to cope using its own
resources.
Disaster management
The Red Cross and Red Crescent societies define disaster management as the
organization and management of resources and responsibility for dealing with all
humanitarian aspect of emergencies in particular preparedness, response and
recovery in order to lessen the impact of disaster.
Management and responsibilities
Preparedness
Response
Recovery
Types of disaster
 Natural disaster
Natural disaster includes flood, hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakesand volcanos
eruptions that have immediate impact on human life and secondary impact causing
further death and suffering from flood, landslides, fire and tsunamis
 Environmental emergencies
These includes technological or industrial accidents, usually involving the
production use or transportation of hazardous materials and occurs where these
material are produced used or transported. Forest fires caused by humans
  Complex emergencies
These involves breakdown of authority, looting and attack on strategic
installations, including conflict situation and war.
 Pandemic emergencies
These involves a sudden onset of contagious disease that affects health, disrupt
services and business, bring, economic and sound costs.
Impact of disaster management
 Any disaster can interrupt essential services such as hurricanes, health care. ,
 Electricity.
 water sewage
 Garbage removal
 Transportation
 Communication system
 Social impact
 Economic impact
 Environmental impact
 Displacement of population
 Food shortage
 Psychological distress
 Property damage
 Health risk
 Disability
 Death

The interruption can serious effect the health social, and economic network of local
community and country. Disaster have a major and long losting impact on people
after immediate effect has been mitigated.Poorly planned relief activities can have
a significant negative impact not only disaster victoms but also on donors and
relief agencies.