Template:List of Sikh Gurus

en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Template:List_of_Sikh_Gurus

Age
Date of Guruship Date of at
# Name birth on death death Major Life highlights Father Mother

1 Guru 15 April -- 22 69 * Founded Sikhism * Mehta Mata

Nanak 1469 September Spiritual revelations Kalu Tripta
1539 registered as 974 hymns
in Guru Granth Sahib *
Rejected the authority of
the Vedas * Preached the
new idea of God as
(Supreme, Universal, All-
powerful and truthful,
Formless, Fearless,
Without Hate, Self-
existent, Ever-lasting
creator of all things, The
eternal and absolute
truth) * Attacked the
citadel of the Hindu caste
system, promoting
equality of all *
Emphasized the equality
of women *Rejected the
path of renunciation;
emphasized leading a
householder's life *
Condemned the
theocracy of Mughal
emperor Babar * Started
the institution of Guru ka
Langar * Undertook 4
major journeys, travelling
far and wide (including
visits to Haridwar,
Varanasi, Tibet, Srinagar,
Lahore, Mecca, Medina,
Baghdad, Syria, Turkey,
Kabul, Kandhar, etc.) *
Died of natural causes

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2 Guru 31 March 7 29 March 48 * Spiritual revelations Baba Mata
Angad 1504 September 1552 registered as 63 Saloks Pheru Ramo
1539 (stanzas) in Guru Granth
Sahib * Established new
religious institutions to
strengthen the base of
Sikhism * Standardized
and popularized the
Gurumukhi Script*
Opened many new
schools * Started the
tradition of Mall Akhara
for physical as well as
spiritual development *
Popularized and
expanded the institution
of Guru ka Langar * Died
of natural causes

3 Guru 5 May 26 March 1 95 * 869 verses including Tej Bhan Bakht

Amar 1479 1552 September Anand Sahib in the Guru Bhalla Kaur
Das 1574 Granth Sahib *
Established Manji & Piri
system of religious
missions for men and
women respectively *
Strengthened the Langar
community kitchen
system * Preached
against the Hindu
society's Sati system
(burning alive of a wife at
the pyre of her deceased
husband), advocated
widow-remarriage; Asked
the women to discard
"Purdah" (veil worn by
Muslim women). * Asked
Akbar to remove the toll-
tax (pilgrim's tax) for non-
Muslims while crossing
Yamuna and Ganges
Rivers * Died of natural
causes

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4 Guru 24 1 1 46 * 638 hymns in 30 ragas Baba Mata
Ram September September September in the Guru Granth Hari Daya
Das 1534 1574 1581 Sahib, which include 246 Das Vati
Padei, 138 Saloks, 31
Ashtpadis and 8 Vars *
Composed the four
Lawans (stanzas) of the
Anand Karaj, a distinct
marriage code for Sikhs
separate from the
orthodox and traditional
Hindu Vedi system* Laid
the foundation stone of
Chak Ramdas or
Ramdas Pur, now called
Amritsar * Strongly
decried superstitions,
caste system and
pilgrimages *Died of
natural causes

5 Guru 15 April 1 30 May 43 * Compiled the Guru Rām Mata

Arjan 1563 September 1606 Granth Sahib, and Dās Bhani
1581 installed it at Sri
Harmandir Sahib on
Bhadon Sudi 1st Samvat
1661 (August/September
1604), A landmark event
in Sikh history*
Contributed about 2000
verses to the Guru
Granth Sahib * Founded
the town of Tarn Taran
Sahib near Goindwal
Sahib * Built a house for
Lepers. * Was tortured
and executed on the
orders of the Mughal
Emperor Jahangir *
Hailed as the first martyr
of Sikh religion, and as
Shaheedan-de-Sartaj
(The crown of martyrs)

6 Guru 19 June 25 May 28 48 * Instituted the practice of Arjun Mata

Har 1595 1606 February maintaining armed legion Dēv Ganga
Gobind 1644 of Sikh warrior-saints *
Waged wars against
rulers Jahangir and Shah
Jahan * Died of natural
causes

7 Guru 16 3 March 6 October 31 * Sheltered Dara Shikoh; Baba Mata

Har Rai January 1644 1661 persecuted by Gurditta Nihal
1630 Aurangzeb who framed Kaur
charges of anti-Islamic
blasphemy against Guru
Ji and Sikh verses of
Guru Granth Sahib *
Died of natural causes

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8 Guru 7 July 6 October 30 March 7 * Forcibly summoned to Hari Mata
Har 1656 1661 1664 Delhi (the imperial capital Rā'i Krishan
Krishan of Aurangzeb) under Kaur
framed charges * Died of
the age of 8 due to
smallpox, which he
contracted while healing
the sick people during an
epidemic.

9 Guru 1 April 20 March 11 54 * Opposed the forced Hari Mata

Tegh 1621 1665 November conversions of the Hindu Gōbind Nanki
Bahadur 1675 Kashmiri Pandits by
Muslims * Was
consequently persecuted,
imprisoned, tortured and
executed under the
orders of the Mughal
emperor Aurangzeb.
Contributed many hymns
(Shlokas) to Guru Granth
Sahib * Spread Sikhism
far and wide to Bihar and
Assam *

10 Guru 22 11 7 October 41 * Founded Khalsa in Tēġ Mata

Gobind December November 1708 1699 * Last Sikh Guru in Bahādur Gujri
Singh 1666 1675 human form * Passed the
Guruship of the Sikhs to
the Guru Granth Sahib *
Died of complications
from stab wounds
inflicted by Pashtun
assassins sent by
Mughal governor Wazir
Khan

11 Guru n/a 7 October n/a n/a Final and last, eternal - -

Granth 1708 living guru
Sahib

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