Electric Mobility

India Perspective

Anand Deshpande, Dy. Director

ARAI, Pune

VECTOR INDIA CONFERENCE 2017

July 19, 2017 Pune
 E-mobility-Solution for Future Transport…
 No fossil fuel is required…
 E-mobility is potential solution to reduce
Air pollution.
 Electric vehicles are clean and easy to
use. Low maintenance
 Electric motors are easy to control.
Motors have high power-to- weight ratio.
 Cleaner, quieter cars without
performance changes.
 Energy flexibility, Energy efficiency.
 For electric cars, the ultimate fuel source
is hydro, wind, nuclear, or any electricity
source. Electricity can be generated from
solar or wind-renewable sources.
Classification based on Degree of Hybridization

Fully Electric

Plug in Hybrid Plug in

Capability
Plug in
Full Hybrid Capability

Mild Hybrid Short Extended Extended

Electrical Drive Electrical Drive Electrical Drive
Micro Hybrid Power Power Power
Assist Assist Assist
Regenerative Regenerative Regenerative Regenerative Regenerative
Braking Braking Braking Braking Braking

Start/Stop Start/Stop Start/Stop Start/Stop Start/Stop

NO ICE
Conventional Conventional
Downsized ICE Downsized ICE Downsized ICE
ICE ICE

Electrical Assistance & Energy Mgt. Electrical Drive Capability

EV- World Scenario

…….Volvo Cars To Focus On Electric Vehicles From 2019

Volvo will be concentrating only on electric vehicles and slowly phase out pure
internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. Between 2019 and 2021, Volvo will
launch five fully electric vehicles………

Renault & Qualcomm demonstrate

……Tesla has set a goal to dynamic wireless electric vehicle
produce 500,000 electric cars charging
per year in 2018 and a million
in 2020. ……….

All new cars mandated to be electric

in Germany by 2030

France to ban sales of petrol and diesel cars by 2040

Recent Technology Advancements

• Advances in Li-Ion batteries – 4X lighter, 3X increase in life and can

be charged in an hour

• Advancements in electronics –
increasing vehicle performance
and lowering costs

• “Power Grid” to
“Smart Grid”

• New EV technology now

lets your EV power
your house
National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) 2020
Unveiling of NEMMP on – 9 Jan 2013

Faster Adoption and

Manufacturing of Electric
(& Hybrid) Vehicles in
India
FAME-India Scheme
 FAME-India Scheme
• Government of India approved the National Mission on
Electric Mobility in 2011
• National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020 was unveiled
in 2013
• Objective:
– To encourage reliable, affordable and efficient xEVs
– To make xEV vehicles available that meet consumer performance and price
expectations
– Encouraging Government – Industry collaboration for promotion and
development of indigenous manufacturing capabilities, required
infrastructure, consumer awareness and technology;
– Making India to emerge as a leader in the xEV Two Wheeler and Four
Wheeler market in the world by 2020
– To achieve total xEV sales of 6-7 million units by 2020
– Contributing towards National Fuel Security.
• FAME India Scheme is the pilot initiative for first two years
under NMEM approved by Finance Minister and notified 7
on 25th March 2015.
 FAME India: Salient Features

• The scheme aims to encourage progressive

induction of reliable, affordable and efficient
electric and hybrid vehicles (xEV)
• Full range of electric vehicle technologies:
– Full hybrid (HEVs), Plug in Hybrids (PHEVs) and Pure
Electric Vehicles (PEVs)
• All types of vehicles covered:
– 2 wheelers, 3 wheelers, 4 wheelers, Light Commercial
Vehicles, Buses and also retro fitment vehicles
 FAME India: Salient Features
• This scheme is one of the main Green initiatives
of the Government. Till 2020 -
– Cumulative fuel saving: about 9500 million litres
– Value of fuel saved over Rs. 60000 crore)
– Reduction of emission of GHG: About 2 million tonnes
• Reduction in Urban Vehicular Pollution

• The scheme has 4 focus areas:

• Technology development,
• Demand creation,
• Pilot projects, and
• Charging infrastructure.
9
 NITI Aayog Report - Approach to Mobility
Transformation
Electric cars, buses and metros could help India save $60 billion in 2030:
Niti Aayog report

India could save up to Rs 3.9 lakh crore

($60 billion) in 2030, if the country switches
to greener mobility solutions such as public
transport, electric vehicles and car-pooling,
according to a report by government think
tank NITI Aayog.
Also, by pursuing a future powered by
electric mobility, carbon dioxide
emissions would drop by 37% in 2030,
Report says ,India could save 64% energy
in 2030 by shifting to shared electric
mobility. The subsequent drop in petrol and
diesel consumption would be 156 million
tonnes of oil equivalent (MTOE) or 1.8 tera
watt-hour energy -- enough to power
1,796.3 million homes in the country.
Electric Vehicles
Standardization
Activity In India
Regulation Framework for Electric Vehicles Under CMVR.
Standards for 2W, 3W, E-rickshaws, 4W and Buses.

In-use gasoline/diesel
vehicles can be retro-fitted
with electric kit to convert in
pure electric vehicle. This way
Regulations
older fleet can be converted.

For Retro
For OEM
fitment

Hybrid
Electric Charging
Electric
vehicles Stations
vehicles
 EV
AIS 038, 039,
040, 041, 049 HEV
Battery
testing AIS 102Part 1
AIS 048 AIS 102Part 2

E-rickshaw/
CMVR
Retro fitment
E-cart Certificati
AIS 123 –
GSR 709 (E) / on Part 1 / Part
GSR 2590(E) 2/Part 3
EV/HEV

Less than AIS 138 Part

250W EV Small 1&2
GSR 291(E) Series/Pilot Charging
Production Stations
AIS 131
Regulation Framework for Green Mobility (Electric Vehicles)
Under Central Motor Vehicle Rules.
Standards for 2W, 3W, E-rickshaws, 4W and Buses.
Formulation of Automotive Indian Standards (AIS) for
Type Approval of-
 Battery Operated Vehicles (AIS 038, AIS 039, AIS 040, AIS 041, AIS 048, AIS
049)
 Hybrid Vehicles (AIS 102 Part 1 and Part 2)
 Retro-fitment Kit for conversion of in-use vehicles to Hybrid or Pure Electric.
(AIS 123 Part 1, Part 2 and Part 3)
 Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles introduced in market for Pilot /
Demonstration Projects intended for Government Scheme (AIS 131)
 Conductive Charging stations AC and DC (AIS 138 Part 1 and Part 2)
Amendment to CMVR for Less than 250W electric vehicles and E-
rickshaw/E-carts
 AIS standards for Electric Vehicles
AIS 038 Rev 1 :Requirements for Construction and
Functional Safety of vehicle
AIS 039 Rev 1: Measurement of Electrical Energy
Consumption (Wh/km)
AIS 040 Rev 1: Method of Measuring the Range (km)
AIS 041 Rev 1: Measurement of Net Power &
Maximum 30 minute power
AIS 049 Rev 1: CMVR Type Approval for BOV
AIS 048: Performance and Abuse Testing for Traction
Batteries
Notified vide S.O.1365(E), dated the 13th December, 2004 and
Rev 1 Notified vide S.O.411(E) Dated 9th February, 2016
 AIS-131 :2015
Type Approval Procedure for Electric
and Hybrid Electric Vehicles introduced
in market for Pilot / Demonstration
Projects intended for Government
Scheme
For categories L, M and N, introduced in market for Pilot/
Demonstration projects intended for Government Scheme.
AIS standards for Hybrid vehicles
AIS 102 (Part 1) for M, N & L category of
vehicles with GVW < 3500 kg

AIS 102 (Part 2) for M and N category of

vehicles with GVW> 3500 kg

AIS 102 Part 1 and Part 2 are Notified From 1st

Oct 2012
Hybrid Standards covers all Types
1. Series Hybrid
2. Parallel Hybrid
3. Range Extended hybrid
4. Plug In Hybrid
5. Strong Hybrid

19
Automotive Indian Standards (AIS)
for Retro fitment kits
1. AIS 123-Part 1: CMVR Type Approval of Hybrid Electric System
Intended for Retro-fitment on Vehicles of M & N Category having GVW
<= 3500kg
Scope: This standard lays down the requirements specific to vehicles
retrofitted with hybrid electric system (HES) of M1,M2 and N1 category of
vehicles.

2. AIS 123-Part 2 CMVR Type Approval of Vehicles Retrofitted with

Hybrid Electric System
Scope: This standard lays down the requirements specific to Hybrid Electric
System (HES) intended for retro-fitment on vehicles of M and N category
having GVW >3500 kg.

3. AIS 123-Part 3 CMVR Type Approval of Electric Propulsion kit

Intended for Conversion of Vehicles for Pure Electric Operation
Scope: This standard lays down the requirements specific to Electric
Propulsion kit intended for conversion of vehicles of L5, M, N1 and N2
category for pure electric operation, which
 Public charging infrastructure is key element in
acceptance of electric vehicles by users.
Hence regulations are formulated for charging stations and its safety.
Regulation covers AC and DC slow and Fast charging methods.

AIS 138 Part 1: For AC Conductive charging

AIS 138 Part 2: For DC Conductive Charging
Regulations for Traction Battery
AIS 048
Traction Battery Packs
AIS 048:Performance and Abuse Testing for
Traction Batteries-

Notified for implementation from October 2013

Reference Standard : USABC, IS 13514

Mechanical Abuse Test Electrical Abuse Test

• Mechanical Shock Test • Short Circuit Test
• Vibration test • Over-charge Test
• Penetration Test
• Roll-over Test
Challenges For Establishing
EV Mobility In India
Can EVs be a solution for India?
Challenges
• Are we shifting pollution sources from urban to power plant?
• Infrastructure for support?
• Is EV affordable?
– Initial cost
– Life cycle cost
– Need to have special promotional policies
• Is EV acceptable?
– Does meet consumer demands?
– Features compared to ICE?
– “Zero fuelling time”?
– Cost sensitivity
• Adaptation
• Availability
• Indigenous solutions
 ARAI is ready to support Industry for certification and
Development Testing of E-mobility.
IP Test

E-motor Test Bed 150kW

and 250 kW

Environmental
Chamber To Test
Lithium-ion Cells Of
Traction Battery
Pack Level Lithium
Cell Level Lithium Ion Ion Battery Test
Battery Test System System

Battery Emulator, 100kW,

160 kW, 250 kW
 Electric Vehicle Ecosystem – Resetting The Future of
Mobility

http://www.itecindia-conf.com/
International Transportation Electrification Conference
iTEC is a joint Conference organized by SAE &
IEEE Industry Applications Society

iTEC is aimed at helping the industry transition from

conventional vehicles to advanced electrified vehicles.

Will be held in Pune, on

December 13th to 15th
2017
iTEC FOCUS

Venue
Hotel The Westin, Pune
Organised by ARAI in association
with SAE & IEEE

100+ papers

Keynotes

Panel discussion

Exposition – 40+ stalls

Ride and drive

Important Dates
Deadline for submission of digest 31-July-17
1-Jun-17
Notification of acceptance 1-Aug-17
Deadline for final manuscript submission 1-Oct-17
Deadline for early Registration 15-Oct-17
 Thank You

Go Green before Green Goes !!!