2016 wfm%a,a

ISSN 2478-0790
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iQh ux.,Hh 2016
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ISSN 2478-0790
2016 - wfm%a,a
m<uQ jk fju - fojk l,dmh
Tel : 0114873901
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email : agrahara16@gmail.com

Letters TO Juliet 18
iliqre uvq,a,
Get up stand up - Marley 39
m%Odk WmfoaYl
uxcq, o is,ajd
ms<si|r''' 11
f;aud ixl,amh yd
Odhl ixialdrl
ik;a o is,ajd

m%Odk ixialdrl
rEm,djkH foweiska lshjuq 26
ksyd,a risxy
inkalrKh
.hd tisxy uqo,a Y=oalrKh 28
ksfhdacH ixialdrljre
Wod rkafyd.uf.a
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PdhdrEm 7
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m%foaYfha yrl=kag o je< we;s nj fidhd .kakd ,'
fuu frda.hg m%Odk jYfhka f.dre jkafka f.d ck;dj hs'

rcrg jl==.vq frda.h ms<sn|j mfhaIK meje;a jQ O mfhaIK

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islsu w;HdjYH f'

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;SrKhka h' ;uka j;a jk mirhg i,lkafka b;du;a wksis
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ue Tjqka mSvdjg m;a f'

rgla ;sridr ixjOkhla lrd hdf tys m%Odku j.lSu mej

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 7

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l=re,a,ka ;u jdiia:dkh lrf.k bkak
mqjka tu l=re,a,ka wdydrhg .kakd f.
u je wjg .ia yg .kak mq,qjka fuu
kq. .fiys fijK ,nd .ekSug ksiqka i;=ka
tkak mqjka .i wi,ska .la .,d nyskak
mqjka f ish,a, fuu .i yd inkaOj
mj;skafka kuq;a fuu kq. .i lemqjfyd;a
fuu mir moaO;shg isjk foa lsisfjl=g
is;d.kak neye

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ixjOkh;a iu. mirhg isoqjk n,mEZ hkak oelah yelshs' wm f inkaOfhka m%k
mir fosfhla jk" n,Yla;s yd mqk ckkSh wud;HdxYfha f,al" wdpdh ' t' tia'
ngf.dv uy;df.ka woyia uiSula is lf,uq'

idudkHfhka mrsirhg" jdhqf.da, ixhq;shg h lsis

wms Tnj ykd .kafka m%udKhl ord .ekSf Yla;shla ;sfnkjd' kuq;a
mirffhla yd kd.rSlrKh" ldlrKh yd ixjOkh jeks oE
mir ixrlaIKh ksid mrsirfha ord .ekSf Yla;sh wNsnjd hEug
ms<sn|j Wkkajla wdikak ;;ajhl ;uhs f jk g mj;skafka' fuhg
olajk mqoa.,fhla jir .Kkdjlg fmr .ila lemSu" jdykj,
f,ighs mir msgu mrsirhg t;r ydkslr jQfha keye' kuq;a
ixrlaIKh ms,sn|j f jk g tjeks oE mrsirh flfrys ;oska n,mE
wfma w.%ydr udisl t,a, lrkjd' fuh mirfoSkag nrm;, wNsfhda.
irdj uska ck;dj hla' kfha csx kqjr ck;djg wyfia we;s ;re
mjd fkdfmfkk ;;ajhla ;uhs mj;skafka' uq,q
oekqj;a lrkak
wyiu ludka;Yd,d iy jdykj,ska msg lrk ka
wmg wjYH fj,d ms,d' rf ixjOkh islsf mrsirhg h h
;sfnkjd ldlrKh" n,mE iDcqju iy jl%dldr jYfhka isfjkjd'
ck.yKh jeu" kuq;a ck;dj n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjk ixjOkh is
kd.lrKh yd lsrSfoS mrsirh ms<sn|j fmrg jvd ie<ls,su;a h
ixjOkh u.ska hq;=hs' f jk g mrsirfoSkag iEu wxYhlskau
mirfha ord .ekSf Nhdkl wNsfhda. /ila t,a, ;sfnkjd' mrsirfha
Yla;sh wNsnjd hEula ord .eksf Yla;sh wNsnjd hdug wdikkakhs
f jk g isfjka lshd ixjOk lghq;= k;r l< fkdyelshs'
mj;skjd hehs miq.sh oskj, ck;djg wjYH ,sh iemhSug fkdyels
Yajdihla mj;skjd ;;ajhla Woa.; jqKd' jejk ,sh b,a,qu iemhSug
ta inkaOfhka Tnf.a k kj ,sn,d.dr iEoSug isfjkjd' ud. ;onoh
md,kh lsrSug k kj uyd ud. iEoSug is fjkjd'
woyia fudkjdo@
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mdrj,a idok g .ia je,a lemSug isfjkjd' ,sh ,ndoSug n,d.dr idok
mirh wdrlaId lr
g jkdka;r t<sfjkjd' n,d.drj,ska mrsir IKhla isfjkjd' mirfha
.kskaa ixjOk ord .ekSf Yla;sh blaujd hEula is fkdfldg f ixjOkh is l< hq;=hs'
lghq;= islrkafka ixjOkh k;r l<fyd;a rchg ck;djf.ka m%Yak we;s fjkjd' ,sh ke;s
flfiao@ jQ g ck;dj Woaf>daIKh lrkjd' ,sh ksmoug c, ,shg wu;rj
.,a w=re" i,a" oef;,a" kHIal Yla;sh Nd;d lsug isfjkjd' ;dm
n,d.drj,ska jdhq IKh isfjkjd' kHIal Yla;sh Nd;fhaoS ula msg
fkdl<;a msmsula isjqjfyd;a Yd, mrsir ydkshla isfjkjd' mirhg wju
n,mEula isjk m ixjOkh isl< hq;=hs' mirfkag ;sfnk m%Yakh
;uhs mirfhka fldmuK m%udKhla ixjOkh i|yd bvosh yelso hkakhs' ta
i|yd kHdhka ;sfnkjd' ,s n,d.drfha isg COOLER WATER mhsmamfha isg
POLUTION ;sfnk DISBURST MODULE uska i,a*vfhdlaihs fldmuK
rlg fldmuK ld,hloS .uka lrkjdo hkak .Kkh lsu is lsrSu' tuska
isjk ydksh wkqj thg iula f,i tu m%foaYfha ck;dj tu ia:dkfhka
bj;a lsula is l< yel'

u iu. mirhg uqiqjk i,a* wju lsu ioyd

mirfoSka f.k we;s l%shdud. fudkjdo@
fYaIfhkau lsj hq;=hs fkdfrdfpdaf,a .,a w=re n,d.drh blr ;sfnkafka
mirhg ys;lr f,iska' tk wjg ck;djf.a fi!LHhg ;ckhla t,a,
fkdjk wkaoka u iu msgjk i,a* .%yKh l< hq;=hs' fkdfrdfpdaf,a
.,a w=re n,d.drfhka msgjk u iy i,a* 100] lau .%ykh lr ;sfnkjd'
oekg jir lSmhlg l,ska ,s n,d.drh ;=<ska jdhqf.da,hg tla jQjd' kuq;a
oeka tajd .%ykh lsrSug l%ufohla ;sfnkjd'
Y%S ,xldf l%shd;aul jk z mrSlaIKhZ Tn;=udf.a woyila
;=<ska we;sjQjla fkao@
T th uf.a woyila wkqj ;uhs wdrN lf<a' fuu
;SrKh .kq ,enqf jir 15lg muK fmrhs' wms Wia uu idudkHfhka
ia:dkhl isg fld<U k.rfha wyi foi neg
th lulska jeiS f.dia ;snqKd' tod wms ;Ska
m%Yak we;sug
.kq ,enQ ld,fha t;r m%Yakhla fj,d ;snqfKa fmrhs l%shd;aul
keye' kuq;a wms oekf.k ishd kd.lrKh" jkafka' wo fndfyda
ldlrKh" jdyk u ck;djg fndfyda blauKg
wys;lr n,mE we;s lrjk nj' ta wkqj wms
fokd mqre
jydu ish,qu jdykj, iy ludka; Yd,dj, ;sfnkafka m%Yak
mrSlaIKhla is l< hq;= njg ;SrKh l<d' wo wdjdu thg
jk g ,xldf jdyk iy ludka;Yd,d m%udKh
jefj,d ;sfnkjd' kuq;a u mrsirhg we;s lrk
i fiughs
n,mEu b;d wju ;;ajhlhs mj;skafka' kuq;a fndfyda
l,lg fmr fuu
;;ajh Woa.; jk
nj uu gqjd
 9
Tn;=udg jdhq IKh ke;s lsrSug l%shd lsrsu inkaOj iudkhla ,enqKd
fkao@ ta ms<sn|j ia;r l<fyd;a@
uu jdhqf.da,h inkaOj fndfyda lghq;= lrkq ,enqjd' uu
idudkHfhka m%Yak we;sug fmrhs l%shd;aul jkafka' wo fndfyda
fokd mqre ;sfnkafka m%Yak wdjdu thg i fiughs'
kuq;a fndfyda l,lg fmr fuu ;;ajh Woa.; jk nj gqjd'
uu foaYmd,lhkag" iudchg" ck;djg mirh wdrlaId lr
.ekSu ioyd b;d blauKska l%shd;aul hhq;= nj fmkakq
l<d' wo wms mrsirh /l .ekSug l%shd;aul jqfKa ke;ak
wkd.; ck;djg isjkydksh" u wdYajdi lsrSu ksid ksiqka

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we;s jk nj fmkakq l<d' tfiau mirh ms<snoj foaj,a ioyd jdhq IKh
foaYmd,lfhda" oaj;=ka iy uyck;dj" mirfka" oHd{hka inkaOfhka fujeks
f ish,a,kau inkaO fjkak wjYH nj fmkajd kakd' f ish
fokdu inkaO lrf.k uu ix.uhla yejd' f ish fokdu Yd, jev fldgila
ksfhdackh lrk fuu ix.uhg tla mqoa.,fhlag kdhl;ajhla is l< njg udj
fkdoS tla tla mqoa.,hdg l,ska l,g kdhl;ajh wjYH jk ykd.fk ;snqKd
g mejrejd' flg lshkafka stake holder participation lsh,d'
f ix.uh u.ska Yd, fufyjrla mrsirh wdrlaId lsrSug f inkaOfhka Air
is l<d' biair ,xldf ksmojk fmg%,aj, Bh ;snqKd' tu Asias HongKong
Bh imQKfhkau fmg%,a j,ska bj;a l<d' ta jf.au ,xldf Ha Award - 2014
ksmojk i,aj, i,a* fldgia 8000 la muK ;snqKd' f jk
iudkh ,enqKd
g wms th 50 olajd wvq lr,d ;sfnkjd' oeka f,dalfha ;sfnk

"
fyd|u i,a ;sfnkafka ,xldfjhs' jdhq IKh inkaOfhka
fujeks Yd, jev fldgila isoq l< njg udj ykd.fk ;snqKd'
fus inkaOfhka Air Asias HongKong Ha Award -2014 iudkh
,enqKd' fuu iusudkh fndfyda wh ,enqf fuj,ula ksudKh
lsu fyda m%;sm;a;s iEoSu fjkqfjka' kuq;a ug fuu iudkh
,enqfKa jdhq IKh wju lsu ioyd m%;sm;a;s f.dvke.su
yd l%shdld ie,iq ilia lsrSug jdhq im;a l<uKdlrK
uOHia:dkh msysgqu" Climate change Secretariat, Sri Lanka Carbon
Fund, Vehicle Test Trust Fund, Environmental Convention Reference
Centre msysgqjd mrsirh /l.ekSug lghq;= lsu fjkqfjka b
mrmqr fjkqfjka YajoHd,j, l<uKdlrejka iu. oekqu
fnod.ekSu hk ish,a, tla mqoa.,fhl= iska is lsu fjkqfjka'
fuh ,xldjg ,eu wNsudkhla' iEu jirlu mirh /l.ekSu
inkaOj Clean Air Aisa" Hong Kong wdh;kh ixOdkh lrk
iuka;%K yd if,k ioyd mirfoSka 25la 30la muK
iyNd.s fjkjd' fuu.ska mirh inkaOj Y%S ,dxlslhskag
Yd, oekqula ,nd.; yelshs'

,sh ,ndoSug n,d.dr idok g jkdka;r

t<sfjkjd n,d.drj,ska mir IKhla isfjkjd
mirfha ord .ekSf Yla;sh blaujd hEula is
fkdfldg f ixjOkh is l< hq;=hs ixjOkh
k;r l<fyd;a rchg ck;djf.ka m%Yak we;s fjkjd
,sh ke;s jQ g ck;dj Woaf>daIKh lrkjd
b;sh ,nk l,dmfha'''
- .hks o is,ajd
10

h

" we;a;gu ugu mquhs uu fldfyduo wo f

;;a;afjg wdf lshk tl' ta ldf,a hqIka
lsh,d fohla we;af;u keye' uq mdif,au
ysfha .=rejreka fokakhs' fkdakhs" uy;a;hhs'
;a
y
uq
j

ms<si|r''' "
miq.sh kl ohdjxY chfld iud.f Y%jKd.drfha t<s
oelajQ .fuka fihs,ug .%ka:h fodrg jevqug inkaOug
wjia:djla Wodh' tys l;=jrhd rdcH fiajd fldi iNdf
ysgmq iNdm;s;=ud jk ta't' lreKdr;ak Y+kah' fmdf;ys
jQ .e ckjyrg yd rid,sma; miqug jYS jQ is;e;sj fuod
ms<si|rg t;=udj inkaO lr .ekSug ork ,o W;aidyh
id:l jqKd'
Tyq ienekau .%ka: l;=jrfhl= f,ig ykajd h
fkdyelsh' Tyq b;d fidre mqoa.,fhls' Tyq idys;Hhg Tyqf.a
ukr jQ ckjyka b;d Yd, fufyhla is fldg ;sfnkjd'

Tng f .e we;a;gu uu Wmkafka h<s l,dmhg wh;a je.u lshk .f' jefjka
ckjyr fu;r l=Uqrej, lkak fol wiajeoajd' fyd| iY%sl fyaka hdhla ;snqKd wmg
imjqfKa .ueKahg mkai," jej" l=Uqrehdh" fyak ;uhs we;=<;a jqfKa' jej
fldfyduo @ ishu i;=kag msysg jqKd ta jf.au lEu " c,h iemhqjd' fyafka noaO
fNda. j. j.d l<d' l=ryx" lms" uE" ;, jeks j. .Kkdjla j.d
l<d' tajd O jhia iSudjl ;uhs meyekafka' ta jf.au Yd, t<j
j. m%udKhla yeKd' jglald" t,ngq" ;sngq" uE" mqyq,a jeks m,d
j. Yd, f,i ieKd' fyak ck;djg b;d Yd, f,i im jqKd'
Th jf.a iqkaor .ul ;uhs uf.a m%;sikah isjkafka' ta ;h b;du;a
rij;a' wmg ,efnk wdydr f, mjd imQKfhkau ridhksl fnfy;a
j,ska f;drhs' uu ta .u ;=,ska ,nmq iqkaor u ;uhs uf.a fmd;a yryd
ud t<solajkakg W;aidy orkafka' b;du;a isis,a iq<x /,a,la uq .u
mqrdu yeuqjd' wms ;dmam ne|,d fldgqfj,d ysfha keye' uq .uu tlu
hdhla' b;d m%Yia: mirhla' tuska isf;a yslaula we;s l,d' wms f
j;ajk fldkal%S mirh ;=< wfma ; b;du;a wiykldhs' kuq;a
wr jf.a iqkaor mirhl oj,ag jejg .syska kdf.k yjig je msfha
yq<x lla jkak ;sfhkjd k wo ye,af jk ck;djf.a mSvdld
;hg th hlsis rduhla f'

ta .u ;du;a ta we;a;gu ta .u;a oeka iEfykak kd.lrKh fj,d' f.j,a tfyu;a

;rug fjkia fj,d' l=Uqre hdh k ;du;a j.d lrkjd mrK ygu'
iqkaoro @

wu;l fkdjk is tfyu ;sfhkjdo @

we;a;gu ta f.jmq uq ;hu wu;l fkdjkakla ;uhs'
wmsg ta ldf,a f,dl= yrla mhla ;snqKd' Wkaf.ka ls wrf.k ls
fojd' uu ;=kaff,u n;a lEf uqojmq ls;a tlal' wud ug fodia
 11
lsjd ta ldf,a re ia fkdld bkak tmd f u,a jefjkjd lsh,d'
^iskd& ta jf.au ;uhs j;af;a yhg flfi,a leka yeKd' tajd ljodj;a
l=Kqf keye' ls y jqK;a iEfykak f.or f.dv.y,d ;snqKd'
b;ska f.dvdla f,djg ls wrf.k lf<a t<sf;,a yod.;a;= tl' th
uu ta ldf,a isK mqj;am;aj,u l" ird j,g l ,sjd'

;uhs iajhxfmdaIs; wdl rgdj lshkafka'

we;a;gu ta ; f.dvdla ir,hs' wms ljodj;a mdi,g hkfldg im;a;= ta jk rgdj ;=< yeu
od,d keye' we lsh,d f.dvdla foaj,a wmg ;snqfKa keye' iru ;uhs myiqlulau N=la;s
SSC mdia fjklkq;a biafldaf,g wekafo' wmsg tafla wvqjla fmkqfKa
kak ,enqKo @
keye' fudlo yefudagu tfyu ;uhs ;snqfKa' ta ksid fYaIhla ;snqfKa
keye' biafldaf,;a lgq ue ;a;s ;uhs ;snqfKa' uu ta mdif,ka SSC
mdia fj,d kdf.d,a,df.dv mdi,g we;=,;a jqkd'

ug mjqf,a ifydaor ifydaohka yh fokhs' uu m<fjkshd kx.shs" ;j mjqf,a ia;r

u,a,s,d y;r fokhs' ta ldf,a mqx mjq, r;a;rx lsh,d fohla ;snqfKa i|yka lf,d;a @
keye' l=Uqf fyafka jev lrkak Tjqkag mjqf,a idudlhka f.dvdla
bkak tl m%fhdackj;a jqkd' wks;a tl ta ldf,a mjq,lska fm,jyla
lrkak hkfldg nef ta mjqf,a je idudlhka .Kkla bkakjo
lshk tl' kuq;a oeka k ;sfhkafka fl wks;a me;a;' ;ks orefjla
muKla mjq,l bkakjk ;uhs wo jvd;a leu;s' tod ;snqfKa jdy
j,g ixialD;suh jkdlula' ta msjr b;d f.!rjKShhs' kuq;a oeka
;sfhkafka foam, uq,afldg.;a jdy l%uhla' jdy |jefgkakg;a th
n,mdkjd'
mjqf,ka ,enqKq
we;a;gu b;d wdorKShhs' uf.a wmamm udj kEjg;a jvd miai /ljrKh .ek
l<d lsh,hs ug ysf;kafka' fyfmd, uyd oHd,hg udj we;=<;a l:d lf,d;a @
lrkak mqjka lu ;sfhoa;a wmam udj hef keye' fudlo ta mdf
hk jdyfkalg udj hgfjhs lsh,d' we;a;gu ta mdf jdykhla .sfh;a
fndfydau l,d;=rlska'

we;a;gu ugu mquhs uu fldfyduo wo f ;;a;afjg Tn wd .uka

wdf lshk tl' ta ldf,a hqIka lsh,d fohla we;af;u u. .ek l:d
keye' uq mdif,au ysfha .=rejreka fokakhs' fkdakhs" lf,d;a @
uy;a;hhs' ta fokakd fjk mx;sj,g W.kajkfldg
wms Wfoa jrefju jf.a jevla lf<a keye' fudlo
ishu Ihka b.ekajQfha Tjqka fofokd ;uhs' uu
f.dvdla fj,djg lf,a .Kka yok tl ;uhs' uu
l,d Ihka ;uhs mdif,a bf.k .;af;a ta;a fN!;sl
oHdjg uu b;d leu;shs' ta ldf,a isK m;a;frka
fN!;sl oHdj .ek lreKq tl;= lrf.k ;eme,a
ud.sl mdGud,dj f.kajdf.k uu fN!;sl oHdj;a
iu;ajqKd' uu kdf.d,a,d.u mdi,g .syska udi 7 ka
;uhs Yaj oHd, m%fY Nd.h ,sh,d mE,shf.dv
oHd,xldr Yaj oHd,hg f;afrkafka' tys ;uhs
fi!kaohd;aul me;a;g w;afmd;a ;sfhkafka'
fudlo h;a nj ;snqKg rij;a nj ke;ak
idys;HlrKhg fhduqqfjkak neye'

tal we;a;gu isjqfKa ta ojiaj, isK Tn idys;Hhg

mqj;am; wdNdIfhka' ta ldf,a fyd| lkaf.a fhduqjkafka flfiao @

19 msgqjg'''
12
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ie

Y%S ,xldf l=re,a,ka h

ykd.ekSu'''

ynka l=l=<d

^Galloperdix bicalcarata& hk oHd;aul kdufhka

ykajk ynka l=l=<d o" miq .sh l,dmfha ykajd
ka wfma cd;sl mlaIshd jk j<s l=l=<d fukau
Y%S ,xldjg muKla wdfl mlaIsfhls' iejq,a
l=,fha ^Phasianidae& ;j;a tla mlaIsfhla jk W!
jhsfka ol=Kq wOfha mq,a jHdma;shla fmkajhs'
llr mir moaO;sh ;=< fukau my;rg m%foaY
j,o id:lj j;a f' tfiau >Kj jevqkq
h frdamkhla iys; f;;a jeis jkdka;r j,
fudjqka iq,N h' ;jo my;rg .x.d wdY%s; m%foaY
j, o ;rula iq,N jHdma;shla we;'

ynka l=l=<d fi'' 33 -34 l Yd,;ajfhka hq;a

,ecd YS,S" ;=ma; yd mr iys;
mlaIsfhls' ms i;a;ajhd .eyeKq i;a;ajhdg
mlaIsfhl= jk ynka l=l=<d iajNdl
jvd w,xldrj;ah' iq meye;s ;s;a iys; ,k
mirfha oelSu b;d wmyiq h' kuq;a
r;= Ure yd l meye;s Yrhla we;s w;r uqyqK
>K jkdka;r m%foaY j, iq,Nj j;a
r;= meye;s h' ;rula l=vd .eyeKq i;a;ajhd
jk nj Tjqkaf.a ,dlaIl kdofhka
Uqre meyehlska hqla;h'
meye,s f' tfukau hq.,a jYfhka
j;a jk fudjqkaf.a ikaksfok
udOH jkafka o kdohhs' ;jo N+ jdiS
mlaIsfhls' u je we;s h<s fld<
frdvq Tn fudn myqre .dka wdydr
fidhhs' jegqkq fkdhla c j."
f. j. yd fkdfhla lDka j.
wdydr jYfhka .kS' ynka l=l=<kaf.a
wNsckk iuh Tlaf;dan" wfm%a,a yd
iuyr wjia:d j, cQ,s" iema;en
udi f' fld< frdvq tla lr u leo,s
;kk fudjqka 43 x 31 m%udKfha
;a;r 2la muK ouhs' iuyr wjia:d
j, ;a;r 5 la muK oeh yel'
r;= o;a; jd;d wkqj ynka l=l=<d
wk;=rg ,lah yels ^Vulnerable& l=re
fYaIhls'

- l=xpk udf;dgwdr
 13
uQ
,
H

cd;sl rlaIK Ndr wruqo,

w.%ydr rlaIK yshkag iy Tjqkaf.ka hefmk mjqf,a
idudlhkag ys jk m%;s,dN
ysl
idudlhkag iy Tjqkaf.ka hefmk mjqf,a idudlhkag
jkdlu
^mjq,a tallhg& ys m%;s,dN
^Wmuh&

fm!oa.,sl frday,l frday,a .;ul

^tla isoahla i|yd Wmuh re' 120"000& re' 150"000
ldur .dia;= i|yd re' 3"000 ^klg& ^jdIslhg
01
T!IO" Y,Hd.dr ho re' 50"000 hg;aj&
ffjoH .dia;= i|yd re' 20"000
ffjoH mlaIK re' 20"000

rcfha frday,l fyda rcfha wdhqfo frday,l frday,a

02 re' 5"000
.;ul klg re' 500 ne.ska Wmu k 10 la i|yd

rcfha frday,l fkajdislj m%;sldr lrk ld, iSudj we;=<;

03 re' 50"000
ffjoH ksfoaY u; , .;a T!IO iy Y,H WmlrK i|yd

rcfha frday,l fkajdislj m%;sldr lrk ld, iSudj we;=<;

04 re' 20"000
ffjoH ksfoaY u; islrk ffjoH mlaIK ho

ore Wm;a
fm!oa.,sl frday,a .;
isfiahka ie;alu iys; ore Wm;a re' 40"000
idudkH ore Wm;a i|yd re' 10"000
05
^klg re' 2"000 ne.ska Wmu k 05 &
rcfha frday,a .;
isfiahka $ idudkH ore Wm;a re' 2"500
^klg re' 500 ne.ska Wmu k 05&
by; wxl 02
06 yoj;a ie;al i|yd hefmkakka i|yd re' 100"000 isg 09 olajd
ishu f.
07 oKysia $ Wl=,a weg noaO ls i|yd re' 50"000 lrk iSudjka
jdIsl
08 Y%jK WmlrK ^Digital Hearing Aid& re' 50"000 m%;s,dNh
re' 150"000 g
hg;a jk nj
09 wlaIs ldp noaO lsf Y,Hluh i|yd re' 20"000 i,lkak'
14
idudlhkag iy Tjqkaf.ka hefmk mjqf,a idudlhkag
^mjq,a tallhg& ys m%;s,dN
ysl
idudlhkag iy Tjqkaf.ka hefmk mjqf,a idudlhkag
jkdlu
^mjq,atallhg& ys m%;s,dN
^Wmuh&
yoj;a ie;al i|yd re' 500"000
ms<sld frda. i|yd re' 200"000
jl=.vq frda. i|yd ^ Kidney Tranplant & re' 200"000
weia lKaKd re' 3"500
mqoa., yis wk;=re yd iajNdl urK ysl rlaIKdjrKh
re' 600"000
yis wk;=re urK
re' 150"000
iajNdl urK

mqoa., yis wk;=re rlaIKdjrKh re' 600"000

rdcH fiajl Tng" yDo ie;alula i|yd j.lS iy;slhla

,nd .ekSug w.%ydr wfmka Wmfoia
yekau
yDo ie;al i|yd ksl=;a lrkq ,nk j.lS iy;slh Wmuh re' 500"000 hg;aj
w.%ydr idudlhd i|yd muKla ksl=;a lrkq ,ef'

yDo ie;al i|yd j.lS iy;slhla ,nd .ekSug bm;a l< hq;= f,aLK

idudlhd iska j.lS iy;slh ,nd fok f,i lrkq ,nk b,a,S ,smsh'
fiajd iy;slh'
miq.sh udi 03l w.%ydr odhl uqo,a wh lr tjk ,o fplam;a wxl iys; ia;r jd;djla
jegqma ia;rfhys wdh;k m%Odkshd iska iy;sl lrk ,o msgm;'
yDo ie;al i|yd ffjoHjrhd iska ksl=;a lrk ,o ksfoaY jd;dj ^rcfha frday,la
k tu jd;dj iy WmlrK ,nd.kakd wdh;kfha weia;fka;=j&
Y,H luh lsug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk frday, u.ska ksl=;a lrkq ,nk ho weia;fka;=j'
cd;sl yekqmf;a wdh;k m%Odkshd iska iy;sl lrk ,o msgm;'
rlaIs;hdg ys re' 500"000'00 uqo, yDo ie;al is lrkq ,nk frdayf,a kug fyda
wdh;kfha kug ksl=;a lsug leue;a; m%ldY lrk ,smsh'
whmf;a wxl 01 isg wdh;k m%Odkshdf.a iy;slh olajdu imQK lr ;sh hq;= f'
^ksis m imQK fkdlrk ,o whm;a i|yd j.lS iy;sl ksl=;a lrkq fkd,ef'
 15

}
idudlhka i|yd muKla my; i|yka yDoh wdY%s; Y,H lu fjkqfjka
m%;smQKh lsu my; m f'

1. Heart Attack (Myocardial Refraction)

2. Coronary Artery Disease (Coronary by- pass Surgery-CABG

3. Stroke (Cerebra Vascular accident)

4. Double (Mitral & Aortic) Value Replacement (MVR & AVR)

5. Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) re' 500"000'00

6. PercutancousTransluminialcororany Angioplasty (PTCA)

7. FallotTetrology

8. Bruganda Syndrome

9. Mitral Valve Replacement (MVR)

10. Implanting Pacemaker Single

11. Implanting Pacemaker - Double

12. RF Ablation

by; i|yka ie;al fjkqfjka 2015 jIfha

w.%ydr wm iska Tn fj; ,ndka fiajdj my;
i|yka mos f'
2015 ckjd 01 fjksod isg foien 31 olajd

m%;s,dN f.jQ uq whm;a ixLHdj 764

m%;s,dN f.u i|yd jehjQ uq uqo, re' 256"900"000'00

16
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nQkao, wdY%s; N+ jHqyh" merKs;u hq.hg wh;a k

nQkao, cd;sl jfkdaoHdkh

m%d.a fla%h mdIdK j,ska ;ekS we;'

YS% ,xldf ol-=-Kq m,df;a zzl-=re mdrdihZZ
f,iska yekafjk nQkao," iQHdf,dalfha jfkdaoHdkh wdY%s; fkajdisl mlaISka
myi ksn|j ,nk h<s ld,.=Khlska
hq;a ksj;k l,dmSh ;eks;,d lvls'
iuqh wdikakfha msys fuu w,xlrK
jfkdaoHdkh mlaISka i|yd fYaI jQjls'
mlaISkaf.a jKhkaf.ka yd bys kdohka
f.ka ixl,kh jQ o ffcj O;ajfhka
fmdfydi;a jQo fuu cd;sl jfkdaoHdkh w fldld ly ue fldld
Yd, jYfhka wOHhkhg ,la l, yels <h iq ue ms<syqvqjd
jk rlaIs;hls'

fuu lv mir f,da,Skaf.a fYaI

wjOdkhg md;%j ks j, mq,a flfrkd
jfkdaoHdkh wdY%s; mhgk mlaISka
f;;a (wet land) im;ls' f;;a ula
hk msis lsjq,a fyda ,jK wdY%s; c,fhka
fmdaIKh jQo c,h .,d hk yd .,d
fkdhk lvls' b;sydihla uq,af,a
.ia uq,a fld, rd hEfuka f.dyqre ;s;a r;amd je,syskakd
njg mj;kh by< WIaK;ajhlska" is,s,a,d
ffcj O;ajfhka yd fmdaIK .=Kfhka rc ishlaldrhd
hq;= ksid fuu lv mlaISka i|yd
jdiN+hls' f,dal m%isoaO nQkao, cd;sl
jfkdaoHdkh fylaghdr 6216 fyj;a
wlalr 15360 la mqrd isrj mj;S' w;S;fha jfkdaoHdkh wdY%s; laISrmdhska
frdayK rdcOdkshg wh;a jQ fuu m%foaY
h 1969 wNh N+hla f,ig m%ldYhg
m;alrk ,oS' fuh kej;;a 1993 nQkao,
cd;sl jfkdaoHdkh f,ig m%ldYhg
m;afldg we;' fuys msysu ynkaf;dg w,shd khd ;s;a uqjd

24 msgqjg'''
 17

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rej fjfik uq;a
m
? ;=kahu ux
isysfkka weoska
iq isks j; iquq
< bkak
.; iqiq is; isks
i w;r ken iqiq
isysfkka weoska
is; Wu;= uk nekq''
by boaor ys|
wv i| k<,;
l is; wjj'''

isr flrekq is;= y= ism .kak

ne kq ud nekq
i| lsre .S uejqkq we;es,s ;=vq uq
ne kq kqU nekq'' ysi flia w;f
ysysg ysysg
ijkak
is hyk | ke.=kq
.coka; o iquq
ysos Wofha
is;s,a,''
w;r lh isr flrekq
kqT msfok g
wksis is;= ls;s lejqkq'' u;l iqj| yer
uu hkak
- ksYdka; chiQhwdr
m%Odk jev bxfkare" fmardfoKsh YajoHd,h - ksYdka; chiQhwdr
m%Odk jev bxfkare" fmardfoKsh YajoHd,h
18
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Letters
k
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TO
Juliet
fm%auh" wdorh fjkqfjka foaY iSud fkdue;s nj
fndfydag mjik w;r th tf,i hehs wmyg
w;aug ,enqk wjia:do fndfydah' th tfia jqjo
cd;Hka;r iskudf tu w;alSu ;rula rg fjkia
nj yeS hkqfha wfma iskudj;a" bkahdkq iskudj;a
ieif h' Y%S ,xld bkahdkq ;%m fndfyduhla
ue ixl,am f;aud fldg.;a tajd jk w;r th
iuyrg tfia jkqfha wm iudchka ;=, uq,anei .;a
wd.l fyda fjk;a u;su;dka;r ksid h yel'

tfiajqjo ngysr iskudj fld;r udkqIsl yeS

okjkafkao" fld;r ;d;alo hk j. fudkjg
fmkajdfok ;%mhls zz Letters to Juliet ' th Wiiao"
ckm%sh f;audfo hkak fiug yd wmg fld;r
imo lshd fidhdne,Sula l,fyd;a ta .ek wm ish
fokdgu tlg idlPd l, yel' ksfhdala k.rfha
mqj;a irdjl fiajh lrk ;rehla yd wehf.a
fmj;d b;d,sfha fjfrdakd j,g mefKkqfha
Tjqkaf.a /lshd wjia:djla i|ydh' ;reKhd b;d
ldh nyq, flfkls' ;reh ;ud fiajh lrk
mqj;a m; i|yd mqj;a tl;= lrkakshls' fofokdf.a
rdcld fohla ksid Tjqka fjka fjkaj lghq;=
lrhs' ;reKhd wE; m%foaYhla fj; .ukalrk w;r
;reh fjfrdakd fj,d k.r uoHfha we;s cq,sh
wx.kh fj; hkq ,nhs' rx.kfha ;reK hqj,
b;du;a yeSS nr f,iska lghq;= lrk w;r" ;d;al
ugul mj;ajd .kS' th wm is; is iu. im
ug fya;=f' ukao wm jeks | jegqk iudchl
fndfydag ufkdaf,dalhka ;=, muKla tjeks foa
w;ak ksidh'

fu;eka isg fm%alaIlhd b;du;a ys; we| ne| .kakd

is .Kkdjla ;=,g ksrdhdifhkau .uka lru
wOHlaIljrhdf.a ienE yelshdjls' cq,sh wx.khg
ks;sm;d ;reK ;rehka mefKkqfha ;u wdorh
cq,sh fj; ;u fm%aufha laL fodaukiaihka
mejiSugh' ta i|yd lemjQ ldHh uKav,hla
iafPdfjka lem is;s' wm l;dkdhsldj fidmS
Tjqkf.a ys;j;shla f'

wjre 50 lg fmr ;u
fmj;df.ka
isjQ ldka;djls"
fjkaug
laf,ard'
24 msgqjg'''
 19
ksudK m<fjkjd' u,r;ak l=udr.u" l=v,s.u" Y%S pkar;ak udkjisxy" uk
fm%au;s,l" 'ta' l=udrisxy" id.r m,xiQh" mS'' w,aia fmfrd jeks lka wfma
11 msgqfjka'''
mrmqrg fndfyda bfhka ishd' wfma lKavdhula yshd fjkuu' b;ska wms l
uvq ixOdkh lrkjd' ug ta ldf,a fyd|g ysjk l lshkak mqjka' b;ska
wms ? t<sfjkl l lshkjd' t;kska ;uhs uf.a fi!kaohjd fidre is;s,s
j, wdrNh isjqKd lsh,d uu ys;kafka' uu ta ldf,a isK mqj;am;a j,g"
ird j,g l ,sjd'

uu Yaj oHd,fha bf.k.;af;a b;sydih' kuq;a isxy, Ihg ug fyd|

yelshdjl=;a ;snqKd' uu b;sydi Ihg f.!rj Wmdhla iys;j Yaj oHd,
wOHdmkh yudr l<d' b;sydih ms<sn|j yodrkakg hdf;a ug fndfyda g
wkqrdOmqrh" fmdf<dkakrej jeks .no ; j,g;a im jkakg mqjka jqkd'
ta ta mirhka iu Tjqkaf.a jk rgdjka fjkia jqkd'
we;a;gu ta .u;a
Tyqf.a jk .uka uf.a rid,sma; jQ w;aoelS iNdrh ;=< ;j ;j;a lsfokakg oeka iEfykak
is; bys ke;s jqj;a ld,h Bg yria lmhs' Tyqf.a .fuka fihs,ug .%ka:fha kd.lrKh fj,d'
m%Odk f;audj fldg f.k we;af;a .ug flka l jdKsc wdl rgdj .,d
taf .f tf;la mej;s iajhxfmdaIs; lDIsldl wdl rgdj;a" ta ;=< f.j,a tfyu;a
jOkh jqKq iudc ixialD;sl foayh;a" ta u; frdamKh jQ wdpdr Ou moaO;sh;a fjkia fj,d' l=Uqre
fjkqfjka fmkS is" tajd wdrlaId l< rKanKav,dg" ls ueKsfl,dg .ug hdh k ;du;a
.,d tk jdKsc wdl rgdj lsis mels,Sulska f;drj ms<s.;a wdldrh;a Tjqka
.e jk rgdf yqreldrhka jQ ksidu f hq. fmr<shg uqyqK fok wdldrh;ah' j.d lrkjd mrK
fuys tk l:dj b;du rij;ah' .e jyr" ck ;h" Wvelalsldrhkaf.a mo ygu'
j,g l lshka l=ryx lmk wmQrej lshjkakd ;=< ;a; rEm ueug iu;a fjhs' wm fl;r
ixlSK jkakg W;aidy oerEj;a h ys;ska kakg wdYd lrk ta ir, nj fi!kaoHh fuys
uekka oyd mdhs' .ula kdYlr ouk ynr,ska ms<sn|j fuys tk b;sydi l:dj ienekau
isjqKdoehs wikakg l;=jrhdj kej; jrla uqK .efikakg isf;hs' Tyq olskakdjQ iqkaor;ajh
.f iajNdj fi!kaoHfha muKlau fkdfjhs' ta is;a o ta ;r wysxilh' fya;=j Tjqkaf.a ir,
jk rgdjhs' kuq;a fihs,ug wd.uKh;a iu Tjqkaf.a jk rgdj flfuka ixlSK fjka
Wvq hl=re fjk wdldrh l%udKql+,j l;=jrhd fmkakq lrhs' Tjqkaf.ka iuyfrla muKla
fihs,u ch.kakg iu;a jqk whqreo" Tjqka tys / isug W;aidy oerE whqreo B< mrmqrg
fuu wd.ukh ixl%uKh jQ wdldrh o" .f /kjqka jk ;,h by< kxjd .kakg oerE jEhu
o fuys iia;rd;aulj ia;r fjhs'

fuh wog;a b;d j,x.= l;djla jk w;r ;j;a ldf,da; jQ;a" iqkaor jQ;a" rid,sma; jQ;a" fujka
ksudK lrkakg l;=jrhdg >dhqI m;kakg;a wjidkfha wu;l fkdlrk w;ru Tyqf.a
fmd;a lshjd rikakg;a fm%alaIl Tng b; is;ska werhq lr'
- wfhaId foaj;ka;%swdr

w.%ydr iqNme;='' hd

"
j
wIaGdkfhka yd hfhka hq;= jQ ;a
fldfojka iduQysl;ajfha Yla;sfhka
b,lalh lrd .uka l,y'' ld

" ,S
k
20

fYa
Id

"
x
jdyh lsh,d lshkafka thdf.a umshka .
h
iska W;amdokh lrmq mjqf,ka thd
mjq,la W;amdokh lsu olajd jQ
ixl%dka;sh Ndrlre h .sh g orefjda
fyda uj ta ldHNdrh Ndrf.k ta
N+ldj t;ekska tydg rmEu ke;ak
ksrEmKh lsf ksr; fjkjd

w;a wjqreoao jgyd .ekSu''

uydpdh hidxc,S foald ch;s,l
"
iudc oHd yd udkj oHd wOHhk wxYh
Y%S chjOkmqr Yaj oHd,h
weh uydpdH hidxc,S foald ch;s,lhs' kqf.af.dv wkq,d oHd,fhka ish uQ,sl wOHdmkh yodrd
Y%S chjOkmqr YajoHd,fhka Ydia;%foS ^f.!rj& Wmdho" bkaoshdf Y%S cjy,d,a fkare
Yaj oHd,fhka oYkY+rS Wmdho" Y%S ,xld jD; Yaj oHd,fhka kS;sfoS Wmdh ,nd Y%S
chjOkmqr Yaj oHd,fha iudc oHd yd udkj oHd wOHhk wxYfha fiajfha kg fiajfha
fh ishs' isxy, w;a wjqreoao iy tys ienE w:h ms<sn| wm weh iu isl<d jQ iuqL
idlPdfoS bm;a jQ woyia fufia bosrsm;a lruq'

Y%S ,dxlSh iudcfha moku lDIsluhhs' th ft;sydislhs' ta;a ta ;=< ys

iaig ;uhs we;af;a lDIs YsIagdpdrhls' jdmS ixialD;sh ;=< je 36000 lg wdikak
je msysgd we;s kqjr l,d h fuys yoj;hs' lkak ;=kla j.d lr
biafi,a,du mir ixrlaIKh lr.;a wfma uq;=ka ;a;ka ;uqkaf.a w.%ydrh jQ
m,fjks i;aldfr wiajekak fk<d.ekSug inkaOjhs w;a wjqreoao ieuu W;aijhla
lrkafk w;ska fj,d ;sfhkafka'
bla fy,s wms wjqreoao mgka wrka ;sfhkafka re;=^ckjd&" kj^fmnrjdrs&"
lrkjd Bg miafi ueka^ud;=&" nla^wfm%a,a&" fjila^uehs& lsh,d bx.%Sis l%uhghs' wms
mrK wjqreoaog lshkafka isxy, w;a wjqreoao lshk ixl,amh ;=< wjqreoao mgka .kakjd
fia i<l,d ;sfhkafka f ld, jljdKqf' ta lshkafka nla j,ska
iuqfokjd mgka wrka ;uhs miaig .sys,a,d ;sfhkafka' b;sx oeka t;fldg udkj
oHdf lshkjd fl y oajdr lu wjia:djla lsh,d' udkj oHdf
^Anthropology& oajdr lu lsh,d lshkafka idudkHfhka
ukqIH cS;hl Wm;" jeh meKSu" jdyh iy
urKh lshk ldrKhka'

ta y;f ;uhs ksidf.a ;h fyd|g fyda krlg

fjkia fjkafka' Wmam;a;sfha fyd| ujla ,efnkak
fka" fyd| msfhla ,efnkak fka jeks f.dvla foajd,a
;SrKh fjkjd' B<g jeh meKSu lshkafka oa;sl
,sx.sl wjia:djg m;auhs' t;fldg B<g jdyh" jdyfha
 21
fyd| fyda krl u; ;uhs wkd.;fha flfklaf.a iuia: cS;hu
r|d mj;skafka' urKh lshkafka uep flkdu fkfuhs' j;afj,d
bkak flkdg uep flkdf.a wejEfuka miq kj ;hlg uqyqK
fokak isoaO fjkjd' oeka ta ksid oajdr lu lsh,d lshkafka tl
wjia:djl isg ;j;a wjia:djlg ixl%uKh u' ta ixl%dka;sh ;uhs
wr oajdr luh iksgqyka lrkafka'

.eyeKq flfkla ujla fjk ;;a;ajh ;uhs ta ixl%dka;sh' th ;uhs

Wm;ska iksgqyka lrkafka' t;fldg jeh meKSu lshkafka
ta orejdf.a ;fha B< ixl%dka;sh' biair jeh meKSu yd
tlg ne|sp foa ;uhs jdyh lshk ixl,amh' thdf.a <udfhka
;dreKHhg ixl%uKh fjkjd' B<g jdyh lsh,d lshkafka
thdf.a umshka iska W;amdokh lrmq mjqf,ka thd mjq,la
W;amdokh lsu olajd jQ ixl%dka;sh' Ndrlre h .sh g orefjda
fyda uj ta ldhNdrh Ndrf.k ta N+ldj t;ekska tydg rmEu
ke;ak ksrEmKh lsrSf ksr; fjkjd' tal ixl%dka;shla'

udkj oHdjg wkqj" ta lshkafka wms lshkjd iQhhd k rdYsfha

isg fY rdYshg hkjd lsh,d' ta lshkafka wr fodf<dia jeks rdYshg
we,a,d m<jeks rdYshg wdmq .uk ;uhs fflka ksrEmKh lrkafka'
ys;,d n,kak ta ldf,a mirh .ek' .ia je,a w;= odkjd" M, yg
.kakjd" u,a yg .kakjd' t;ekska .shdg miafia ta ldf,a jIdj;a
kE' yenehs jIdj ke;s jqKd lsh,d wl .%SIauhl=;a keye' nlaa ufya
wr lshk" nlauy wl=Kq lsh,d lshkafka ka g wmg jeiai fok
tl' t;fldg iY%Slhs' mirh yrs iqkaorhs' i;d isjqmdjd t<shg w;a wjqreoafoa
we,a,d" .ia je,a j, f. yg wrf.k ms,d b;s,d" wgqfldgq
msrs,d" iaij,a msrs,d" ksiqkaf.a cS; j,g wjYH iY%Sl;ajh
jer yod .ekSu"
fkdwvqj olakg ,efnkjd' iudj .ekSu" w;ska
;hla mgka
ksid i;=ka .; lrk ld,hla' ta ;-=, iudc inkaO;d
f.dvkef.kjd' ta ldf,a ;uhs f;dar .;af;a jeyshkag .re
.ekSula'
lrkak' ;ukag fodf<dia ufyau c,h iemhQ j .=Kh fok <sog
.re lrkak" l<.=K i<lkak" w;a fjkak' biair ldf,a w,q;a
wjqreoao tkfldg mrK wjqreoaog f.u f.du ue .d, ,eyeia;s
fjkjd' iaig ;uhs biafi,a,du m,fjks i;aldfr lrkafk'
udfilg biafi,a, iQodk fjkjd' w;ska bla fy,s lrkjd'
Bg miafi mrK wjqreoaog iuqfokjd' biafi,a,du lrkafka mrK
wjqreoaog kdk tl' B<g kel;g mrK wjqreoaog iuqfokjd' f
wjqreoafoa wmsg wvq mdvqjla ke;sj f.j,a fodrj,a wgq fldgq mqrj,d
ksis l,g w jeis ,n,d kak ta wjqreoaog iuq fokjd' ta l<.=K
u;la lr, kj wjqreoaog iQodk fjkjd'

f,djg jevlsu isxy, wjqre pd;%hla' oeka isxy, ksiqka ;=,ska

fjdfha w: .s,sfykakg mgka .;a; ojfi b|f.k ;uhs iajhx
msySug wkq.; fjkafk' l,g f,djg jev lrkafka ke;sj lDIsl
;hla .; lrkak neye' fYaIfhkau uv f.d;ek lrkak
neye' yrs fj,djg wiajoaokak fk' j,afk,kak fk' wiajekak
fk,kak fk' kshr nkak fk' j;=r nkak fk' fj,djg
jev lsf ixl,amh wfma iuia: wd:sl l%shdj,sh ;=<u olakg
,efnkjd' oeka fudlo fj,d ;sfhkafk" wms fj,djg jev lrkjdo@
wms yu j,hs'
22
udi tfld<yla f.jqkg fodf<diajk udifha w;a wjqreoaog fIdmska

isxy, ksidj fjkia fjp ;ek ;uhs 1815 iy 1896'

.sysx ;E.S wrka" lfvka lejq fldlsia f.k,a, ;uhs wjqre fihg
;shkafka' g tyd .sh fohla" .eUqre w:hla ffl ;sfhkjd'
kel;a fj,djg uq rgu tlu osyg Whkjd' tlu osyg lkjd'
ta osyg lsrsn;a yodf.k f osyg tlu mdg we we|f.k tlu
fudfydf; yeu ksyf.u lg fy,fjkafk tlu fj,djlg' ta
;=,ska iudkd;au;djh ms<sn| mKsvhla lDIsl;ajh ms<sn| mKsvhla
fokjd' m%Odk foa ;uhs kel; ;=< ;sfhkafk yrshg fj,djg jev
lsrSu' tal thdf. ck cS;fh fldgila jqKd' yrshg fj,djg jev
l lrkak ners k f.dfhla fjkak neye' tal yrsu jeo.;a' fyaka
f.d;efka Wk;a tfyuhs' uv f.d;efka Wk;a tfyuhs' f.dv uv
folu jeo.;a' ta ldf,a ldhNdrh jqfKa f.d;ekhs'

w;a wjqreoafo jer yod .ekSu" iudj .ekSu w;ska ;hla

mgka .ekSula' Bg wEK ck l%Svd ;=, we;af;a iduQysl;ajhhs'
isxy, ksidj fjkia fjp ;ek ;uhs 1815 iy 1896' 1815 oS

w;a wjqreoafoa jer yod .ekSu" iudj .ekSu w;ska ;hla mgka .ekSula'
;uhs uq rgu hg;a jqfKa' t;lka wr uqyqnv m%foaYj,ska t,a,
fjp n,mEu iuia: rggu oekqfka keye' mD;=.Siskag mqjka
jqfKa uqyq nv m%foaYj,ska fldgila w,a, .kak' ,kafoaiskag
f,dl= jevla lrkak yn jqfKa keye' ,kafoaisldrhd frdau kS;sh
f.kdjd rgg' bx.%Sis ksid f.kdmq n,mEu ksid wjqre tlish
.Kklgu wmsg f.dv tkak ne fj,d ;sfhkjd' ;du;a f.dv
tkak ners fj,d ;sfhkjd' wfma fm!rI;ajh ur,d ;sfhkjd'
woSklu ke;s lr,d wms oSkfhla lr, ;sfhkjd' lafgdarshdkq
ixialD;sfhys uqka u,alv ldf,a ;uhs wmsj hg;a lr.;af;a'
wms talg reoaOj igka l<d' lafgdarshdkq ixialD;sfha by,u
ldf,a ;uhs wms mdkrdjdoh lf<a' t;kska .shdg miafia ;uhs
id:l ler<s folla mek ke.=fka' ta fj,df igka lrmq
isxy,hkaf.ka mej; f.k tk wms f lafgdarshdkq ixialD;shg
j|skak mgka .;a;d'

l iqoaod ys fjp ;ek b|ka woSk;ajh ke;s fj,d k yg

ys;,d wfma pdrs;%j,g wmsu yskdfjkak mgka .;a;d' <sog l;d
lrkak mqjkao@ tfyufk lshkafka" y|;a tlal l;d lrkak
mqjkao@ y| nejhs lsh, fudkjo ,efnkafk' ta lshkafka wr
Ikdka iska ljmq l lrmskakdf.k wms .shd' ta ldf,a wfma
. ugf ysgmq uy Yd, kdhlfhla ;uhs .urd< lshkafka'
ta .urd< w,shf.a kefg t,a,s,d osjH f,dafl .shd lsh,d lsjd'
tal lsh,d we;s ;r .urd<g yskd jqKd' .urd< fudavhd lsh,d'
Bg miafi lsfj isxy,hd fudavhd lejq lkak iQrhd lsh,d'
isxy,hdf.a fud<h lejqulg ,>q l<d' wms ta lu judr judrd
wms wmsgu yskd fjkjd' ta ;ekg wmsj oSk lr,d" wr pdrs;% jdrs;%
wu;l lr,d" tajdfha jkdl is| | od, .sys,a,d'

ish pd;% jdKsclrKh fj,d' iqmudl ixl,amh bhg

we,a,d' fndfyda whg fld<U ikaksh ye,d'

oeka n,kak f tl jIhl b|ka ;j;a jIhlg ixl%dka;s

jk fudfyd;" fldpr ;s.eiaula ;sfhkjo f lDIsl iudch
;=<' oeka l<g jeis keye" tfyu;a ke;ak l,g w jeis
,efo@ f,vla lla ke;=j wmsg oEf;a Yla;sh Hh ;sfo@
f yeufoa .eku ;snqK im%odhsl oekqu" fudllao fjg isoaO
 23
jqqfKa@ wfma ,xldf ksiaiq .;a;u wiajkq iajdNdl l%uj,a
j,ska je lr.kak okakjd' j,a l kikak okakjd" fmdar l
yod.kak okakjd" ish,a, mrojd foaYSh NdKav fydo fj,d' tal
wkaOdkqlrKhla'
udkj oHd{jrshla bkakjd" thdf. ku ;uhs Marry Duglas' thd
lshkjd f ixl%dka;sh ;=< ksidg l=;=y,h okjkjd" ;s.eiau
okjkjd" ksidg h okjkjd' ysgmq ;hg jvd fjkia
;hla ;ukag ysjkafka ysgmq wjqreoaog jvd w;a wjqreoaola'
wq;a wjqreoao wmsg iefmka i;=ka" fohkaf.a wdYsjdofhka"
f;rejka msysfgka" jeyshkaf.a msysfgka j;a jkak jr
,efnhso@ fukak f ;s.eiau wju lrkak" ke;s lrkak talg
wmsg wjYH udkisl Yla;shlska uqyqK oSu Wfoid fhdod .;a;
pdrs;%dj,shla fl we;=f< ;sfhkjd'

Y%shd ldka;dj lshk ixl,amh" cS wcS yeu jia;=jlgu wms

jkdlula kakd' talfk j;=r oSmq <s|g;a .syska l;d lrkafka
iduh" i;=g" fi!Nd.Hh ms
fkao@ oeka n,kak ta fj,djg odkafk w=re lE,s" msp u,a' w=re iqN kj jirla fjd
lshkafk c,h msis lrk fohla" f wdldrhg y w,afmaP Rje;jpuKk; nrsghf;fpaKk;
cS;hla ;uhs Y%S,dxlsl ksiqka .; lf<a'
kfpo;r;rpaKk; epiwe;j
oeka n,kak Tx,s jdr" fk l" lr;a; l" ck l" ta ,dpa Gj;jhz;lhf
tlla tlla .dfka ck cS;hhs lshfjkafka' rnka mo iy thska mikalf;Fk;
,efnk fkdaoh" i;=g" fi!Nd.Hh" l<.=K ie,lSu" jeyshkag
ie,lSu hk yeu fohlau flg flaka lr,d ;sfhkjd' fj,djg
jev lsrSu" w,afmaP;djh" iyfhda.h" iu.sh" fnod yod .ekSu"
oeka ys;, n,kak f f.or lsn;a lhs lejq lhs ta f.or;a
yokjd' ta yomq lEu yqjudre lr.kakjd' taflka ixfla;j;a
lrkafka iu.sh iy wms w;r ;sfnk neu' ta foa to;a" wo;a
;ju;a wms lrkjd' ixialD;shla lshk tlla uqukskau Wmqgd
odkak nE' tal ;uhs ixialD;sfha iajNdjh" ,laIKh' tal fjkia
j,g nka jqK;a tal ;du ;sfhkjd' b;ska tal ksid wo
kgUqka f,i yrs tal ;sfhk tl .ek i;=gg m;a fjkak fk'

biair rc ldf,a mjd lshkjd fldhs osygo isxy, w,q;a wjqreoao

ieurefj lsh,d' rc;=udf.a kel;a lrejd iska ;uhs kel;a l
yef' kel;a l yo,d bjrfj,d tal .ka .ug .sys,a,d w~
fnr .y, kel;a m;%h .f lshjkjd' .ka .ug oekq fokjd'
ta osyg ;uhs ksfokh lf<a' fukak flhs wjqreoao' fufyuhs
rc f.or mjd w;a wjqre pdrs;% lf<a' f pdrs;% lDIsludka;h
wdrN fjp ojfi b|ka" ta lshkafka wkdu;a ld,hl isg
mej; tkjd lsh,d Yajdi lrkjd'

isxy, wjqreoao ieuu w: mQrKh fjkafka ienE f,iskau i;H

u; isg lghq;= lsughs'
ta ;=,ska fi!Nd.Hh" i;=g yd hqKqj ,eu ksielhs'''

" w;a wjqreoafoa jer yod .ekSu" iudj .ekSu w;ska ;hla
mgka .ekSula' Bg wEKq ck l%Svd ;=, we;af;a iduQysl;ajhhs'
isxy, ksidj fjkia fjp ;ek ;uhs 1815 iy 1896' 1815oS ;uhs
uq rgu hg;a jqfKa t;lka wr uqynv m%foaYj,ska t,a, fjp
n,mEu iuia: rggu oekqfka keye - .hd tisxy " OkQcd .uf.a
 24
wehf.a nEKkqjka fmdfrkafida iu.ska Tjqka uqk.efikqfha jir 50 lg
18 msgqfjka'''
l,ska laf,ard f.ka fjkajQ fmj;d fiugh' fuh lu pdldjls'
udkj inkaOl r|d mj;skqfha wka ljr fohla ksidj;a fkdj iod;ksl
f,iska fjkia fkdfjk wdorh ksid nj wm ieug lshd fok fuu pdldj
ienkau wmf.a ksi;a nj wfmka m%Yak lrkq ,euls' fuu pdldjg
tl;= jkafkau ienE f,iskau wdorhg wdorh lrkakjqkah' wm iudcfha uq,a
nei.;a l;dlrk ndidjla Tiafia ksiqka fjkalsu jeks is fld;r
ydiHcklo@ hk is;a,a, fmd,d mkskqfha f wjia:dfh' ukao isxy,
fn!oaO bmer ixialD;shla ;sfnk wms ;=, j.jd" cd;sjd yeS u;=
we;af;a flf,iskao lshd wm j wms iskau m%Yaklsu fuu ;%mfha O
wkkH;djhka we;s j lghq;= lrk wdldrh gqg bfu u;lhg kef.a'
th wmsg ,ecdjla fkdfo@ tfiau OfkaIajr m%cd;ka;%jd iudch ;=,
w;ak udkj whs;sjdisl ;nd thska w,amhlaj;a wm w;a fkd njo wmg
jvd;a m%;HlaI fjk wjia:d ;%mh mqrdjg wjia:djka .Kkdjlu oelaug
we;' tf,iskau jqj;a ta iudch mqrdjg yskq ienEjg wdorh fidhd hEu
fld;r jQ iqkaor isulao" wjidkfha wdorh fidhdhdu ;=, we;sfjk
;j;a wdorh yuquls' ish hq;= mu wdorh fidhd hk lKavdhu ;=,u
;j;a wdorhla ms,sn| bshla u;=ug mgka .kS' ta ;=,ska laf,ard ;u wdorh
fmj;d jir 50lg miq uqK.efia' f jkg fidmS yd f,dfrkafid yoj;a
j,ska ne yudrh' Tjqkaf.a yoj;a fmd,dmkskakg iqodkka bmsf<a' tfy;a Tjqkaf.a l,ska
neu fidmS yd lag hk oa;ajfha ldH nyq, nj ksidu wNHka;r .egqula ygf.k isu;a
f,dfrkafid ;u l,ska fmj;sh jk me%ishd f.ka fjkaj isu;a ksidfjka Tjqka fofokdu
laf,ard yd fmj;df.a jdy ux.,Hfha fm%aujka;hka f,ig lsre m<ohs'
- ksyd,a risxy
16 msgqfjka'''
ia;%slalfha ud. m;a;=f W;=re
wlaIdxY 6-00 8' - 60 14' iy kef.kysr
foaYdxI 81008' - 81018' w;r msysgd we;'
fuu jfkdaohdkfha Yd,;ajh j.
r
ls'' 62'15 ^j. ie;mq 24& ls'

nQkao, cd;sl jfkdaoHkfha ol=Kq foiska

.gu udhs we;af;a bkahkq id.rhhs'
mj;sk wl iq,x iajNdjh fya;=fjka
uqyq je,s je wdldrfhka ;ekam;a u
jq,a lsh yel' fuu je,s je 50m - 300m olajd
m,,lskao 10m - 15m w;r Wilskao hqla;
f' nQkao, wdY%s; N+ jHqyh ie,lSf
nQkao, we;s ia:dkh th merKs;u hq.hg wh;a m%d.a fla%h
mdIdK (Metamorphic rocks of Pre Cambian
Age).
m
nQkao, cd;sl jfkdaoHdkh wdY%s;j
mj;akd foaY.-Ksl ;;a;ajh ie,lSf
O mir moaO;Ska /ila lsh yel' ta
w;r Y=Ial rEmS jDlaI,;d" h<s iody;
jk ,eye" ;ek ;ek .ejiS .;a
;eks;,d " lgq mre iys; , le,E"
y,a,a, lfvd,dk mir moaO;s m%Odk jYfhka
lah yel'
- .dKS jejf.a
 25
fl wei< i| fn,syq,aTh ljeh
u;ska tnqfkah' ;dkdhf i|;,h i|t<sfha
keye' lhdhu i|fhys fia,dh' fldfyafoda
isg wd relau,a iqjola Tjqkaf.a f,dalh iqjka kyjk
l ,'
;d
j ug y i;=gqhs'''' fl ixidr.; neula'''' we;a;uhs''
ya''''''''''''''''''''''
wehf.a fldmq,; jegqK isyska fliafrdo Tyq fika
iqr;,a lf,ah'
wms ,nk wd;afug;a f iefu lidfo friag
lruqo @
wd''' ys;df.k we;s fkao''''@ B, wd;afu;a uf.a
miafika we,a, pdg fjkak k yo''''
weh oldr f,i iskdiqkdh'
wka miafi wms fokafkla fkfjhs''' tlaflfkla''
tl hg ys;kak k''''
weh Tyqf.a WKqiqug ;=re jQjdh'

k i;s udi njg ye udi .Kkla f. .sfhah'
flu fl" ta w;r ;=r kj leoe,af,a mSis fldamam y;lao"
mska yhlao .sfhah' wi,ajeis fmfrd uy;ah
fl l;djla lrorhlaoehs uika k y;rla wkjirfhka

relau,a f.agqj ;rKh l,dh' frdao mqgqjl isk kekaoksh

ish wudrel bjidf.k k .Kkdjla ksjig
meKshdh' rdcldh meyeryk njg weh wdh;k

iqj|
m%Odkshdf.ka fodia weiqjdh' Tyqf.a kk;u fudag
h je f.f,a fldKl ;snQ u,afmda lsysmhla
fkah'

fl yhkafka keye'' wms ;SrKhla .kak k''''ug

f f;a tmd fj,d'' Thd ys;kafka Thd .ek
;rhs''''''
Tyqf.a y`v f.j;ah'
t;fldg Thd'''
weh l,n, jQ njla fmfkkakg fyda ke;'
uuo'' uu yeu ;siafiu ys;=f Thd .ek''
Tyqf.a lgy`v .eUqreh

yfka wfka''' wms fokaku ys;, ;sfhkafka tl

hgfka''
wms ,nk wd;afu lidfo;a fyg wksoaou friag
lruqo '''''''@
weh f;df|d,a jQjdh'

ksok fldgho /f.k Tyq hdno ldurhg mshEUqfh'

fodr jeiqk f.hg weh is;=f fodr .e, u
jefgkakg we;ehs lshdh'
k.r iNdf l=Kq ldKqf .|g iSud udhs ke;' f.a
we;=,go x.d we;'
oeka relau,a wjdfh' relau,a iqj| ke;'
- t,a' wd' nKavdr
26
wd
miq.sh l,dmfhka''' fgda
m
rEm,djkH foweiska lshjuq
fYaI{ ffjoH kkao fr;ak

" wms okakjd m<;=re

lfl bkak flfkla
uy;hs' fmd,a lvk"
.ia k.sk wh flgqhs'
kuq;a Tjqka ljqre;a
rEm,djkHh lrkak
hkafka keye' fudlo wms fufyu ys;=fjd;a uu ljqo@ uu lsh,d flfkla bkakjdo@
uu lshkafka fudllao lsh,d' uymg wes,a, fmkakqfjd;a f
th Tjqkaf.a Ihg ll=f,a wes,a, uf.a lsh,d lshhs' kuq;a h lsis wjYH;djhloS
wod< fkdjk ksid' ll=,la" w;la whska lrkak leu;shs lsh,d Tjqka iskau w;aika
wms ;eklg hkfldg lrkjd' fudlgo fufyu lrkafka@ ug cSj;a fjkak' tfyu
nefjd;a we;a;gu uu lshk fldgi ;sfhkafka fn,af,ka
fyd|g ghs m od,d Wv' b;ska uu ,iaik fjkak ;uhs W;aidy lrkafka' oeka
we|,d hkafka wehs@ rEm,djkHfha ;sfhk O wdf,amk ksid uqyqK iqhs" w;mh
wks;a whg fmkajkak' lhs' wfma j;udk mrmrdj f;are fkd.kakd fohla ;uhs
;u ;ukaf.a mrmrdfjka ;ukag tk iajdNdl jKhla"
wms ksjfia bkakfldg ,iaikla ;sfhkjd' th nf,ka fjkia lrkak hk tl Yd,
wdf,amk .df.k mdg ydkshla th n,y;aldrfhka fjkia lrkakg hdu w;=re mdl
lrkafka keye' wfma rdYshlg mdr lmkjd'

f.j,a j, lKaKdh oeka ,xldf Mr. Sri Lanka jeks ;r ;sfhkjd' ld,h;a
<oS wms msmiai hkfldg thska ch.;a wh mjd jeyefrkjd' fudlo ta YrSr
yers,d n,kjfka" ta jOkh l<hq;af;a h lsis wOHhkhlska" wjfndaOhlska hq;=jhs'
lrkakkajdf,a fkdfjhs' f inkaOj oekaj;a lrk tl
fudlo udj msmiafika udOHfha j.lSula'
wkqkag fmkafka
fldfyduo lsh,d wms rEm,djkHfhka islrkqfha YrSrfha we;s meyem;a nj mj;ajd
f.k hduhs' th isl< hq;af;a ndysrj fkdfjhs kSfrda.S u
;uhs n,kafka' ta ksid ;=,ska' oeka if frda.hla ;sfhkjd iq lnr lsh,d' fuh je<k
wms yeufoau lrkafka flfklag th udkislj ;og n,mdkjd ta ksidfka Tjqka fnfy;a
wkqkag fmakak' .kafka' wmsj ksudKh fjkfldg wms yefudaf.au wefa iq lnr

"
;snqfKd;a wms .syska tal f,vla lsh,d fnfy;a .kafka kEfka
fudlo tal idudkH fohlafka t;fldg'

ta ksid uu lshkafka f rEm,djkHh uqo,a yn lsf

mrud:fhka lrkafka ke;=j wdOHd;al hqKqjla iu
kSfrda.Slu mj;ajdf.k hdug oekqj;a Ndjhla iys;j il,
he;=hs lsh,d' ke;ak rEm,djkHfha jrola keye' fuys we;af;a
,dN bmhSu yd /ju hk wruqKq muKhs' fuh hkafka f,dal
Ou;djhkag mska' kuq;a fjdg .e,fmk kshu wdldrfha T!IO
kE ;r ;sfhkjd' WodyrKhla f,i .;a;yu ynkaf;dg
meKs flduvq yefokjd' ta fudlo ta m%foaYfha we;s WIaKdl
Ndjhg .e,fmk osyg ta ta m<d;a j, tjeks m<;=re yeos,d
 27
;sfhkjd' ta m<d;a j, flfkl=f.a ll=,a mef<k ms; wl mqoa.,fhl=
.; hq;af;a ms;g tfrysj ms; iukh jk wdydr' Tyq WIaKdl wdydr
.;fyd;a f f,f je fjkjd'

ta ksidu wms wdhqfofha rEm,djkHh .ek i|yka lf<d;a ta ta mqoa.,hka

wkqj Tjqkaf.a Yrfha wNHka;r yev.eiSu wkqj ;uhs tajdg wjYH m%;sldr
,ndfokafka' tuska Tjqkaf.a ndysr iy wNHka;r fi!LH;a jOkh
fjkjd' ta ksid iEu rEm,djkHh j.hlau yefudagu .e,fmkafka keye'
fu;ekoS k ks<shka" rEm,djkHh Ys,amSka jeks wh wod< lr.kafka keye'
fl wod< jkafka idudkH ck;djg' nqrcdKka jykafia f yeufohlu
wks;H fmkakqjd' ,iaik ldka;djka crd cSKh jk ye lsh,d kakd'
kuq;a O rEm,djkHh oeka u.ska jhig hk wh;a ;reK lr,d
fmkajkjd' fjd wd.u Ouhg mjd tfrysj hkjd' rEm,djkHh fy<d
olskafka keye kuq;a fuh l< hq;af;a ukd mqyqKqjla hgf;ahs'

oeka wms l:djg;;a lshkjd msfhla we w|skak w|skak ,iaikhs

ldka;djla k we wvqfjkak wvqfjkak ,iaikhs lsh,d' th rd.h
yd ,sx.sl;ajh yd nekla' wms wfma j,g" ldka;djkag fmkajd fokak
fka f ldka;d rEmh fj<| NdKavhla fldgf.k udOH u.ska islrkq
,nkafka Yd, ydkshla nj' ta ksid tajdg /jfgkak tmd' j;udkfhaoS
uQ,Huh jdis ,nd .ekSu i|yd Y%S ,xldf foaY.=Khg" iudc ;;ajhg
fkd.e,fmk foa fj<|fmd<g tl;= fjkjd' kuq;a ldka;djkaf.a ienE
,iaik u;= fjkafka wef.a ne,au" yskdj hk lreKq u;hs' th we;s
jkafka ndysr wdf,amk u.ska fkdj wef.a wdOHd;aufhks" yoj;sks' ta ksid
fj<|fmdf<a we;s O fnfy;a j. isrer flgq lr .ekSug ldka;djka

rEm,djkHh fy<d olskafka keye kuq;a fuh l< hq;af;a ukd

Nd;d lrkjd' kuq;a lEu lk fldfkl=g fnfy;a fokjd k thdg lEu
tmd fjkak fka' kuq;a iuyrla fnfy;a j,ska isrerg .kak .afldaia
m%udK isrerg wjfYdaIKh lsu wju lrkjd' b;ska tfyu k isrerg
.kak .afldaia m%udKh wvql<d k ta yeufoagu jeh fyd|hsfka' wms
okakjd m<;=re lfl bkak flfkla uy;hs' fmd,a lvk" .ia k.sk wh
flgqhs' kuq;a Tjqka ljqre;a rEm,djkHh lrkak hkafka keye' fudlo
th Tjqkaf.a Ihg wod< fkdjk ksid' wms ;eklg hkfldg fyd|g ghs
m od,d we|,d hkafka wehs@ wks;a whg fmkajkak' wms ksjfia bkakfldg
mqyqKqjla hgf;ahs'

wdf,amk .df.k mdg lrkafka keye' wfma f.j,a j, lKaKdh <oS

wms msmiai yers,d n,kjfka" ta fudlo udj msmiafika wkqkag fmkafka
fldfyduo lsh,d ;uhs n,kafka' ta ksid wms yeufoau lrkafka wkqkag
fmakak'

f rEm,djkHfha we;s .egj jkafka fuh l=yl;ajh yd wjxl;ajh w;r

foda,kh jk m%Yakhla uhs' thska uq,skau ydks jkafka wdOHd;auhghs'
fudlo f yeufoau ujdmE ksid' rEm,djkHfha uQ,sl mrud:h h
hq;af;a kSfrda.S ck;djla yslsuhs' tu ksid wm lemh hq;af;a ta
fjkqfjkqhs'

^wdhqfofha we;s foaj,a ;=,ska rEm,djkHuh i;aldr ksjfiaoS isgu

islr .; yelsh' ly lla Wr lr,d" iq yka lla Wr lr,d"
fldaudrsld lla .df.k tajd iajdNdl wdf,amkhka f,i tosfkod fhdod
.; yelsh' ta jf.au j;af;a yefok m<;=re lla" t<j lla ffoksl
wdydrh i|yd fhdod .ekSuo b;d .=Kodhlhs'&

;j;a bosrsfhaoS rEm,djkHh yd mqoa., fi!LH inkaOfhka jQ O

me;slvj,a ms<sn|j wms w.%ydr irdj ;=,ska idlPd lruq' - wfhaId foaj;ka;%swdr

28
,xldf uE; ld,Skj fndfyda l:d nyg ,lafjk ud;Dldjla njg m;afj,d
wd
,xldf uE; ld,Skj fndfyda l:d nyg ,lafjk ud;Dldjla njg m;afj,d ;sfhkjd

;s
ffhkjd f oauq o,a Y=
lshokaud;Dldj'
lrKh ls hkka we;a
ud;Dldj' b;sokf
a we;a
uqo;
,a gu
Y=ofudlla
alrKho
uqo,a Y=oalrKh
uqo,a Y= lrKh b;s ;gu fudlla
lshka
f

uqfoka,a@ Y=oalrKh lshkafka @
uq,skau wms Y=oalrKh lshk jpkh w: oelajqjfyd;a" Y=oalrKh hkq hlsis
l
wm;% fohla m;% lsuhs' ^laundering& idudkHfhka wm;% fohla m;% lsu b;d fyd|
fohla' kuq;a uqo,a j, k wms th ta yg olskafka keye' thg fya;=j wm;% uqo,a
m;% lsu ;=,ska h lsis fohla i.jkak W;aidy lsula isfjkjd'

WodyrKhla f,i .;fyd;a h lsis flfkla KSuereula is lr,d" tajdg wod< idlaIs
hkdh ijkak" msis lrkak W;aidy .kak mqjka' t;k f;kdj ;uhs uQ,sl jkqfha
fudlo wms tu ie.u" msis lsu lrkafka kS;sfhka .e,fjkakhs'

iudcfha O ;rd;srj, mqoa.,hka iska kS;s frda" iudchg wys;lr O

l%shdldrl j, kshe,S Wmhd.;a uqo,a kej; ks, uqo,a m%jdyhg we;=,a fldg" tu uqo,a
j, uq,a iNjh ie.ug .kakd W;aidyhla yehg ;uhs uqo,a Y=oalrKh ir,j w:
oelah yelafla'
wmsg Nd;hg ,efnk uqo,a wms fldfyduo j. lrkafka @
wms uq,skau oek.; hq;=hs l=uk uqo,ao wm;% uqo,a ^dirty money& f,i ykajkafka
lshk tl' fudkjf.a jHdmdr j,ska Wmhd.kakd uqo,ao iudcfha Y=oalrKhg
,lajkafka lshk foa' u;ajH fj<|du" lmam .ekSu" w wdhqO ^kS;s frda&" iQ
lghq;=" fldgia fj<|fmd, wh:d .Kqfokq" ;%ia;jd l%shd" fydr nvq cdjdru
jeks O wys;lr ud. Tiafia Wmhd.kakd uqo,a , ;nd .ekSu fjd islrk
mqoa.,hkag ;ckhla neka Tjqka W;aidy .kakjd tu uqo,a Y=oalrKhg ,la
lrkak' tk Tjqkg uqo,a ,enqKq l%uh .ek kS;sfhka .egjla u;= jqjfyd;a Tjqkg
uqo,a ,enqKq wdldrh fidhd .kakg fkdyels jk yg Tjqka O l%u yd uQ,H
wdh;k yryd fuu uqo,a iudcfha ixprKh lsula islrkjd' h lsis ylska h
mqoa.,fhl= ,. Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a nexl== .sKqul Yd, uqo,la we;ak ta inkaOfhka
Tyqf.ka fyda wehf.ka m%Yak l<fyd;a Tjqkag ta uqo,a ,enqKq wdldrh .ek"
f,d;/hs ch.%yKhlskao" foam,la lsKSulskao" tfia;a ke;fyd;a jHdmdrhlska
o hkdh' fY%aIaGdlrKfha we;a;gu isjkafka fufyu fohla' jer ylg
Wmhd.;a uqo,a wms /f.k tkjd ks, uqo,a m%jdyhg fuu uqo,a fkdfhl=;a nexl=
.Kqfokq Yd, m%udKhla yryd msmy lsula is lrkjd fuys iNjh fidhd .;
fkdyels f,i'
rgl wdlhg uqo,a wjYH wjia:djl tu wjYH uqo,a ,efnkjd k wehs
wms wmg uqo,a ,efnk wdldrh ms<sn|j ie,ls,su;a fjkafka @
flfkl=g ;l lrkak mqjka rglg
myrKhg uqo,a ,efnkj k tu rf
wdlh Yla;su;a fjk ksidu tu uqo,a l=uk
wdldrhlska ,enqK;a m%YaKhla keye lshk tl'
kuq;a wms tfyu l%shd lf<d;a isjkafka wms
rgla f,i fujeks jer lghq;= j,g wkqn,
ula' th b;d wys;lrhs' f inkaOfhka
f,dalfha rgj,a tlg tl;=fj,d h h
tl;d we;s lrf.k f inkaOfhka l%shd
ud. f.k we;s ksidu fuu wys;lr l%shd
ud. j, ksr; fjk whg;a b;d wmyiq
;;a;ajhla we;s fj,d ;sfhkjd fuu uqo,a
fj<|mf,a ixprKh lrug
 29
ta jf.au ;uhs fuu Y=oalrKh isjkafka mshjr 03lska"

01 Placement - uqo,a ;ekam;a lsu' ^nexl=jl" rlaIK iud.ul" uQ,H iud.ul&

02 Layering uqo, fldgia j,g fnu

uqo,a m%;s wdfhdackh lsu" tla wdh;khlska ;j;a wdh;khlg uqo,a yqjudre lsu"
ia:djr ;ekam;= yryd l,a msfrkakg fmr uqo,a .ekSu" ; rlaIK ;ks jdl Tmamq yryd
uqo,a wdmiq .ekS yryd Tjqka fuu uqo,a j,g fyd| kula iys; wdh;k j,ska fplam;a
,nd.kakjd' th ;j;a ;ekl ;ekam;a lrkjd fyda fldgia f,i wdfhdackh lrkjd'

03 Integration ixl,kh

f mshjf imQKfhkau Tjqkaf.a uqo,a fyd| uqo,a iu taldnoaO yudrhs'

iudcfha O
;rd;srj,
mqoa.,hka iska
kS;s frda
iudchg wys;lr
O l%shdldrl
j, kshe,S
Wmhd.;a uqo,a
kej; ks, uqo,a
m%jdyhg we;=,a
fldg" tu uqo,a
j, uq,a iNjh
fu;k flfkl=f.ka m%Yak l<fyd;a ieug .kakd
Tjqkg uqo,a ,enqKq wdldrh ms<sn|j Tmamq W;aidyhla
l< yels fndfyda idOl ;sfnkjd' ta jf.au
;uhs fuys uQ,H .Kqfokq j,g wu;rj
yehg ;uhs uqo,a
;j;a foaj,a l< yelshs uqo,a Y=oalrKhg' Y=oalrKh
tk kS;Hdkql+, jHdmdr is lrkjd' ir,j w:
t;k Tjqka je ,dNhla ,efnk f,i
.Kqfokq we;s lrkjd' ta ,dNfhka ,dNdxY"
oelah yelafla'
wdodh n f.jkjd' f wdldrhg iNjh
fidhd.; fkdyels uqo,a b;du Y=oaO jQ
wdldrhg iudch fj; fhduq lrjkjd'

f,dalfha wdlfha we;s iuia: Okfhka

2] isg 5] olajd m%udKhla Y=oalrKhg
,la we;s nj ;uhs ixLHd f,aLk j,
oelafjkafka'
30

,xldj jf.a rgla .;fyd;a fuu uqo,a Y=oalrKfhka h lsis n,mEula fjkjo @
Y=oalrKh .;fyd;a th foylg n,mdkjd' kS;s frda l%shd j,ska tk uqo,a rg
;=< wksjdhfhkau Y=alrKh fjkjd' ta jf.au ;uhs f,dalfha uyd mudKfhka
isjk Y=oalrKfhka fldgila jqj;a ,xldjg ,efnkak mqjka kj wdfhdack
m%jOkh lrk uqjdfjka' ,xldjg ,efnk wdfhdack j, uqo,a Y=oalrKhla
fjkakg mqjka' th ,xldjg wdl w;ska fyd| fohla jqj;a iodpdrd;aulj k
fyd| fohla fkdfjhs'

;j;a wjOdkula ;sfhkjd' wms fidhd ne,Sulska f;drj fufia uqo,a ,nd.ekSfuka
isjkafka miqj uYkhlska Tmamq jqjfyd;a tu uqo,a Y=oalrKhg ,la we;s nj
cd;Hka;r jYfhka tu rgl rchla jYfhka tu uqo,a mjrd.kak mqjka'

ta jf.au ;uhs oeka cd;Hka;r jYfhka tl;djhla ;sfhkjd f uqo,a Y=oalrKh

j,lajkak' tu ksid tla rgla f,i wfma wruqKq bIaG lr.kakg wms fuhg bv
kafkd;a cd;Hka;r jYfhka wmg iNdOl mKjkak mjd mqjka'

f i|yd f.k we;s l%shd ud. fudkjdo @

oekg ,xldf mk;la ;sfhkjd Prevention of money laundering act No 05 of 2006 .
ta jf.au ;uhs uy nexl=f FIU ^Financial Intelligent Unit& f,i k l, fjku
wxYhla ;sfhkjd' fuhska nexl= j,g yd uQ,H wxY j,g Wmfoia ,nd,d ;sfhkjd
f inkaOfhka .; hq;= l%shd ud. ms<sn|j' hlsis mqoa.,fhla Yd, uqo,la /f.k
tkfldg nexl=jlg fyda uQ,H wdh;khlg wdfhdackh lrkak" tfia;a ke;fyd;a
; rlaIKhla ,nd.kakg tk mdfNda.slhd ms<sn|j tu wdh;kh oek ish hq;=hs'
Tyq fyda weh m%isoaO l%Svlfhl=" jHdmdlfhl=" ffjoHjrfhl= jeks okakd flfkl=
jqjfyd;a th fndfyda g .egjla fkdfjhs' kuq;a fjk;a flfkla ta wdldrhg
uqo,la /f.k tkjd k tu wdh;kh iska tu mdfNda.slhd ms<sn|j fidhd ne,sh
hq;=hs' tu uqo,a Tyqg fyda wehg ,enqfKa fldfyduo lsh,d ^Know your customer&
fkdfhl=;a m;%sld ykaj,d ,d ;sfhkjd Tjqka .ek je ia;r oek.kak' uqo,a
,enqfKa fldfyduo lsh,d fydh,d n,kak' ta jf.au ;uhs yeu rlaIK iud.ulau
tlsfklg iy inkaO fj,d ;sfhkafka" tg Tjqkg mdfNda.slhka ykd.kak
mqjka' iel lghq;= .Kqfokqjla isjqKfyd;a jd;d l< hq;=hs'

uqo,a Y=oalrKfha jrolrejka jkafka uqo,a /f.k wd mqoa.,hd muKlau fkdfjhs'

h lsis wdh;khlska uqo,a ndr.; fyd;a tys ks,Odka mjd uqo,a Y=oalrK mk;
hgf;a jrolrejka jk nj k isf;a ;nd.; hq;=hs'
cd;sl rlaIK Ndr wruqof,a iNdm;s uxcq, o is,ajd
uy;d iu is l< idlPdjla weiqks'
- wfhaId foaj;ka;%swdr

f,dalfha wdlfha
we;s iuia: Okfhka 2]
isg 5] olajd m%udKhla
Y=oalrKhg ,la we;s
nj ;uhs ixLHd f,aLK j,
oelafjkafka'
 31
u
k
fia
miq.sh l,dmfhka'''

vd
j ;h kak
ufkda ffjoH rxcka odkf.a
MBBS (SL) Dip Paychiatry (PGIM-Colombo)
wfmalaId frday, - uyr.u

fuhg fya;=j Tjqkaf.a csjk ,dih' wms f lrk yeufoalu

ngysr fndfyda .S; ksudKh we;af;a ck;djf.a mSvdjka" m%Yak ms<sn|j

wruqK l=ulao@ wms /lshdj lrkjd' bf.k .kakjd" i,a,s yn
fuhg fya;=j lrkjd" jdy fjkjd' wms ys;kak fk wms lrk fofhys
i|yka lf<d;a @ wruqK l=ulao@ f fiaru wms lrkafka l=ula ksido@ i;=ka
bkak' kuq;a wmsg ke;af;;a fudllao@ f i;=gu ;uhs' wmsg
mqoa.,fhda osyg mjq,la yehg" iudchla yehg wms f
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjk i;=g keye fkao@

rdcH fiajlfhla f,i" ffjoHjrhl= f,i Wk;a uu leu;s

keye uu wkk flfkla ke;sj fjk;a frday,lg f.dia
hlsis ug wjYH ldhhla jqj;a lr.kakg' fuh wms yefudagu
we;s m%Yakhla' wms leu;s keye rdch fiajhg tkak wkk
flfkla ke;sj' wms l=uk rdcH wdh;khlg .sh;a wkk
flfkla fidhd f.k ;uhs hkafka' thskau meyeos,s fjkjd rdcH
fiajfha we;s .=Kd;aul Ndjh fudllao lsh,d' fuh nrm;,
wNsfhda.hla' ojilg fo;=ka fofkla we;a wfma rdcldhg
wu;rj Wojq b,a,qjdu uf.a jev fldgi lrk tl kj;a;,d
ug ta jev j,g fhduq jkak fjkjd' rdcH fiajh .;af;d;a
tys 25] muK fokd fujeks mrsndysr jevlghq;= j, fhos,
bkakjd' ojilg f jf.a wuq;af;da lsysmfofkla tk tl tu
mqoa.,hdg jf.au tu wdh;khg;a wnqohla' flg fya;=j
;uhs wms l,amkd lrkak fk' wmsg ;Dma;su;a fjkak mqjka
wfma fiajdodhlhd i;=gq fjkjd k ;rhs' wms ;du wfma rf
mj;ajdf.k hkafka hg;a cs; l%ufha wOHdmkh mmd,k
ks<Odrshdf.a isg fjk;a /lshd wjia:d j,g wod,j mqyqKq
lrkak muKhs' tu wOHdmk l%uh fhduq fj,d ;sfhkafka' f
l%uh fu;r ld,hla .sh;a th fjkia fj,d keye' YajoHd,
WmdOdhdf.a bo,d my,u isk llrejd olajd fuu Iu
pl%fha f.doqrla fj,d' tu ksid ;uhs ud uq,skau i|yka l<
tu wNsfhda.h ch.kak nersfj,d ;sfhkafka' wms ;ju fhduq
fj,d ;sfhkafka f.da;%sl ka;khlg' fuu wdh;kj, we;s
Wm ixialD;sh fjkia lrk tl ;uhs wm .kakd l%shdud. j,
m%Odku wruqK' ixl,amuh jYfhka fjkia jqKq iudc l%uhla
we;s lrkakg wmg l< yelafla l=ulao@

fuys wm l;dlrk mrdih fldgia follg fnod fjka lrkak

mqjka' m%Odk jYfhkau fi!LHh m%Yak yd wdl,amuh m%YaK'
fudlo fi!LHh lafIa;%fha jev lrk whg j;a fi!LHfha
32
hy meje;au .ek wjfndaOhla keye' fudlo wfma fldf,iafrda,a ugu

"
iSks ugu jeks mlaIK u; r|d meje;sh yels fi!LHh .ek ;uhs wms
fhduq fj,d ;sfhkafka' th w;sYhska idjoH u;hla' ffjoHjreka yUdhdu
wms fhla f,i u.ska muKla ;u fi!LHh oshqKq l< fkdyelshs' fi!LHh uqukskau r|d
mj;skafka wmf.a csjk ,dYh u;' th mndysrj flfkl=g tkak;a fldg
l%shld fkdjqkfyd;a ,nd osh fkdyelshs' ffjoHjrhl=g l< yelafla hlsis frda.s ;;ajhg iqj
wms w fjkjd tg ug Wojq lsuhs' kuq;a tu fiajd ,dNshdg muKhs ;ukaf.a cSjk ,dYh
Yrfha j oHd;aul fjkia lr .; yelafla'
l%shdld;ajh is wms hymeje;au inkaOfhka we;s lrk O jevigyka j,ska wms Tjqkag
jkafka keye' tg Wojq lrkqfha Tjqkaf.a cSjk ,dYh je oshqKq lr .eksug' th ;uhs fuu
f,v frda. je fjkjd .eg j,g we;s tlu iu f,i uu olskqfha'
;uhs wksjdhfhkau' rgla yehg .;fyd;a wms miq.sh ld, j, jix.; f,i fndajk frda.
ta lshkafka wfma j,ska mSvd kaod' oeka wms th iEfyk rg md,kh lr,d ;sfhkafka' oeka
wdl,amhka uQ,sl wms mSvd |skafka fnda fkdjk frda. j,ska (Non Communicable Deceases)
oeka fnda fkdjk frda. wfma rf jix.;hla njg m;afj,d' osh jehdj"
lr.;a phduh w rer mSvkh" jl=.vq frda." yDo frda. jeks oE b;d by, ugul
fjkila is h hq;=hs mj;skjd' wms f Okd;aul fi!LHh inkaO jevigyka u.ska wmf.a

"
fiajl lKavdh ;=< fi!LHh oshqKq lrkakg wms W;aiy .kqfha Tjqkaf.a
jk ,dYh je oshqKq lsu u.ska fuu frda. j,ska we;a isk wdldrh
ms<sn|j oekqj;a lsrsuhs'
f i|yd Tn
fhdackd lrkafka wdydr rgdj" Ydl l%shdldrs;ajh" Tjqkaf.a wdl,am yd Tjqkaf.a oelau jeks
fudkjdo@ ldrKd .ek wms fYaI wjOdkhla fhduq l<d' fu;koS fYaIfhkau uf.a
w;aoelS .;a;u wdl,am yd oelau je oshqKq fkdjqfkd;a fl;r ffjoHh
Wmfoia ,enqK;a thska lsis M,la keye' fuh Tjqkaf.a ixialD;shla njg
fuh rgla yehg ;sfhk

m;afj,d yudrhs' fudlo wms leu;shs wms oshqKq ksiaiq lsh, fmkajkak
ngysr ixialD;sfha foaj,a wefa u;= msg Tm,d .kak' tajd we;=,dka;fhka
je<| .kak fkfuhs wms leu;s' Tjqka h h foa lrkakg fya;= fudkjdo
.egjla

hkak plaIKj uikakg wmg wjYH;djhla keye' WodyrKhla f,i

wms ngysr ix.S;hg fndfydau ;Dma;su;a f,i k:kh lrkjd' kuq;a
ngysr fndfyda .S; ksudKh we;af;a ck;djf.a mSvdjka" m%Yak ms<sn|j'
fndudf,a u;a iqregqj mdkh lrk tl" Tyqf.a fldKav we ,Yh jeks
ndysr foaj,a ;rhs wms Tyqf.ka .;af;a' Tyq Tyqf.a .S; yryd fudkjdo
lsf fudlla fjkqfjkao fmks isfha lshk tl wms we;=,;ska uiSula"
tys .eUqrg hdula ke;s tl ;uhs wmf.a m%YaKh fj,d ;sfhkafka'

ta ksid ;uhs wms f jev lrk ck;djf.a wdl,am yd

ka;k rgdf fjkila l< hq;af;a' tuska ;rhs Tjqkaf.a
fi!LHh je oshqKq l< yelafla lshk tl ;uhs ufkda
ffjoHjrhl= f,i uf.a w;aoelSu' tfyu ke;=j fuh
nf,ka Tjqkag fokak mqqjka fohla fkfuhs'

fndfyda ngysr rgj, ud okak ;rka Pizza Hut,

Mcdonalds jeks wjkay,a j,g hkafka m%Yak j,ska
msvd s|sk" wdl wmyiq;d we;s" ksjdi ke;s msrsia
jeks wh ;uhs' ,dNodhs wjkay,a j,g hkafka' fjd
ta rgj,a j, mam;=kaf.a wjkay,a f,i ;uhs ie,flkafk;a' ta Wkdg ta
wjkay,a ,xldjg tkfldg tajdg we;s iudchSh jkdlu fndfyda fjkia
fj,d' fjdg f.dvjeoSu ,xldf ;ukaf.a iudc ;;ajh fmkakq lrk
ixfla;hla njg mdi,a orejdf.a isg jeyshd olajdu f jk
g;a is fldg yudrhs' fuhskau f;afrkjd u;=mska ixl,am
 33
w;.Eu ;=,u we;af;a wdl,amuh .eg,qjla nj'
ngysr rgj, f .egj wkf.k ;sfhkjd' wms frda. j,g m%;sldr
lsfoS fi!LHh hy meje;afoS mjd f jk f;la fuu .egj
wkd.ekSula is fldg keye' . j, mjd fuu ;;ajh oeka we;s
;sfhkjd' ojig ;=ka ierhla kEu l=vd mdrl mjd mdka jEka tl" mdka
nhsisl,h hkjd' ta ioaoh;a oeka ck;djf.a cSjk ,dYhla njg m;afj,d'
cSjk ,dYh ksid we;sjk fi!LHh hymeje;au fkdue;su we;a;gu
f,dl= .egjla' oeka wfma rf wdydr mqre imqKfhkau ;SrKh fj,d
;sfhkafka iudc jkdlu;a tlal' oekg fydhdf.k ;sfhk wms mska
.kakd gka j." fm%daka jhi fkdhk fT!IO jeks O k j,ska
wmg mska .kakg fok fT!IO j,ska iajdNdl wdydr j,ska wfma we.g
fuu uQ, jHh wjfYdaIKh jk wdldrhg f f,i ndysrska .ekSfoS
fkd,efUk nj fmdaIKfoS mlaIK u.ska f jk g;a fidhdf.k
;sfhkjd' fjd wms ,dis;djla f,i Nd;d lrkjd'

"
ngysr rgla jf.a fkdf' ,xldj jf.a rgl iajdNdl wdydr j, O;ajh
b;d by,hs' wms wdh;khlg f.ak leu tfla we;s fld, cd;s mjd wka f jev lrk
whf.a ydiHhg ,la fjkak mqjka' oeka mdi,a <uhs mjd lv," uqx weg
jf.a foaj,a f.kshkak leue;s keye' fudlo hd,qjdf.a lEu tfla Pizza" ck;djf.a wdl,am
ksl lEu jf.a foaj,a ;sfhkak mqjka' th tu orejdg uos lula' fudlo yd ka;k rgdf
f iudcfha we;s wdl,am;a tlal' ;jrg;a lshkjd ms<sld ;;ajhka oeka fjkila ;=,ska
oeka jehs lshd ck;dj w;r l:djla hkjd' iuyr g ms<sld .ek lrk
mrSlaIK je fjkak mqjka" tfyu;a ke;ak ksiqkaf.a cSjk ,dYhka ;rhs Tjqkaf.a
iu. we;sjqKq .egjla h yelshs' fi!LHh je oshqKq
l< yelafla lshk
fudlo w;s;fha jf.a fkdfjhs oeka ck;djf.a Ydl l%shdld;ajh wvqhs'
wms cSfhla f,i l%shldrs fkdjqkfyd;a wms wcs fjkjd' tg Yrfha tl ;uhs ufkda
cSj oHd;aul l%shdld;ajh isjkafka keye' tg f,v frda. je fjkjd ffjoHjrhl= f,i
;uhs wksjdhfhkau' ta lshkafka wfma wdl,amhka uQ,sl lr.;a phduh uf.a w;aoelSu
fjkila isoq h hq;=hs' fudlo fuh rgla yehg ;sfhk .egjla' wmg
1970-$80 .Kk j, wmsg ;reK Y%ufha w;sla;hla ;snqKd' th rf tfyu ke;=j fuh
ixjOkhg m%;s,dNhla kuq;a wms th u.yer .shd' oeka wmg ;sfhkafka nf,ka Tjqkag
wfma ck.ykh jhig hEu' jhia .; u;a iu. fudjqka frda.S jqjfyd;a fokak mqq,qjka fohla
,xldf Y%u n,ldh kv;a;= l< hq;= lKavdhula njg m;afjkjd' fld<U
fkfuhs

"
osia;%slalfha mdi,a <uqka w;r l< mrSlaIKhoS 20] osh jehd uQ,sl woshf
(Pre-diabetic) iskjd' t;fldg fuh wmsg fyd| idlaIshla wkd.; Y%u
n,ldfha ugu n,d.kak'

T" ta ksid wms .kakd f W;aiyh f wNsfhda.h ch.kak Wojq fjhs fuhska Y%u n,ldh jev
lshd uu Yajdi lrkjd' fuh wms fidhd.;a fohla fkdfjhs' ngysrska lrk ck;djla fkdfjhs
fidhd.;a fohla l%shdjg kexuhs isjkafka' tk jev lrk ck;djf.a kv;a;= l< hq;= fldgila
udkisl hymeje;au ;=,ska Tjqka i;=ka isk cd;shla njg m;a lsuhs njg m;afjkjdo@
fuys uq,sl wruqK'
t;fldg ffjoH;=uks"
tal fufyuhs" wfma udkisl Yla;sh jefgkfldg wms .ek wmsg Yajdi
wms Yajdi lrkjd fmd,a
ke;s jqKdu iudchla osyg;a mqoa.,fhla osyg;a wmsg ndysr n,f.j,
.eyqju" foys lemqju"
msysg m;kak isoqfjkjd' tal yrshg wmsg i,a,s ke;ak fjk flfkla
f.ka Khg b,a,d .kakjd jf.a' ngysr rgj,a j, fufia ;ukaf.a udkisl Ydka;s luhla l<dg
Yla;sh msyqKdu Tjqka ls;aid l%uj,g fhduq fjkjd' udkisl Idoh wmsg udkisl iqjhla
(Depress) ldkaidj (anxity) i|yd fT!IO .kakjd wma rf lrkafka fudlla ,efnkjd lsh,d tal
fyda ,oshlg fldgq fj,d thska m%Yak iod.kak W;aiy lrk tl' we;a;gu fjkjdo"
ke;ak th Yajdihlao@
- wfhaId foaj;ka;%swdr weneysulao@
34

:
fohka yqnk ksiaiq Hd
j
W;=re ueo m<df;a tla;rd ldka;djlf.a
Wu;= frda.hlg m%;sldr .ekSug wef.a yd
iehd wehj lghl= ,.g f.k .sfhah'
lghd wdfY wehg fmd,a u,ska ;,ka" i
foys f.hla wef.a uqLhg ;nd .srfhka th ;
;,a lr ;sf' wjidkfha frday,a .; lr H
weh h .sfhah' h

;dlaIKh yd oHdj ch.;a f,dalhl wms j;a fjkafkuq' tfy;a wm ;=, we;s f.da;%jd ka;kh
neyerj fkdue;' j;udk ishu wdOHhka o fj<|du fjkqfjka fujeks oE fj; Wv f. foka udOH
wdpdr Ou flf,id .kS' wjidkfha udOHh o :Hdf fldgila j we;' Y%S ,dxlSh foaj rdj,sfha
iuka fohka whshkdhl jeks fohka mrhd YaKq kd:" l;r.u ^ialkaO l=udr& jeks fojrekag m%uqL
ia:dkhla ,e we;' t;kska fkdkej;S ld,S jeks hlaIKshkao"
fojreka f,ig ms<s.kq ,nhs' zzld,sZZ hkq ffjrh" fld%daoh"
ksiqka fhka ;e;s ms<s.ekSu jeks ixfla;d;aul ms<s.ekSuls' iudc o{Hdhka
mjikafka ld,s weoys,a, furg ckm%sh jkafka 1977 jD; wdlh
.;a g jDlaI" iu njhs' Bg iudka;rj kd.l uqvqlal= WmixialD;sfha j;a
mj;" wdrdu jQ mjq,a j, .Dykshka fndfyduhla ueo fmr. rgj,a j, .Dy
jkaokdf hk njo fiajh i|yd msg;a j .sh w;r bmhS j,ska ;r mjqf,a .Dyhka
fukau wNHka;rho yev jev jQ w;r oHq;a WmlrK wd,skaohg
Wkajykafia foaYkd mefKk ,' ta iuska wi,ajeishkaf.a BIHdj" fl%daOh ld,s
l,y' klal;a: fofjd,g Tjqka f.k f.dia kdYh i|yd fmd,a .eiQjy' ia
cd;lfha nqka weUrEjy' hyka uqo,a yn lsf wjia:d jD; wdlh
iu .,d wd w;r wh:d uqo,a /ia lrkakka fkdlvjd l;r.u
foaYKd lf,a kel; .sfhdah' ialkaO l=udr o yska fo flfkls' 1977 ka miq tys
k ksh f,djg hk fmda,su .= h' nqoyfuys b.ekau k zzw;a;dh w;a;fkda
ksh foa lsu njhs' kdf:da ZZ ;udg msysg ;udu njhs' nqrcdKka jykafia foaYKd
lrkafka fohkag ksiqka fjkqfjka l%shdlr fkdyels njhs'
kele;a n,kakd yska mqo mQcd yd foaj lkak," foaj hdks nq oyug lsisfia;a
w:h blau hkafka wkql+, fkdf' fohka ;udf.a wruqKq i|yd fhdod.ekSug
hehsi nqka jykafia foaYmd,k{hkao fm<.efia' fuu oamdYal l%shdldrl wm
miq.sh ld,fha w;a | we;' fujeks is j,ska m%lg jkafka
jod,y' wfma foaYmd,k kdhlhska ;ju;a iskafka .,a hq.fha f.da;%sl
ka;kh njhs' ;jfll=g fl%daOfhka ffjrfhka ydkshla lsf
wruqKska lghq;= lrk mqoa.,hska iudchg hym;la lrdo hkak
m%Yakhls'

jYS .=rel" y|yka ne,Su" fmak weiSu" Ydia;% weiSu jeks

woHd;aul lreKq flfrys ckhdf.a wdlYKh jefjka mj;S'
fujeks lghq;= fndfyda g Yd, jYfhka uqo,a Wmhk W,am;a
njg m;aj yudrh' ksiqka hg m;alr uq,df oud Tjqkaf.a
uqo,a yo,a lvd jvd .ekSf O jHdmD;s ckudOH wdOdrfhka
l%shd;aul fjka mj;S'

tla;rd ldka;djla ;u iehd iu fujeks .=rel lrk uEKs

 35

njhs' yska mqo mQcd yd foaj lkak," foaj hdks nq oyug lsisfia;a wkql+, fkdf'
flfkla yuqug .shdh' th m%isoaO jQ ia:dkhls'

nqrcdKka jykafia foaYKd lrkafka fohkag ksiqka fjkqfjka l%shdlr fkdyels

wjidkfha wef.a iehd ore fofokd iuska wehj

nqoyfuys b.ekau k zzw;a;dh w;a;fkda kdf:da ZZ ;udg msysg ;udu njhs'

;lslr tu uEKShka iu fjku ;hla werh'
tg ldka;dj lSf uEKshka ;u iehdg bkdjla
we;s njls' jir .Kkdjla uEKshka iu j;a
jQ iehd kej; NdHdj fj; meK kej; ;h
wrUd we;'

y|yka fmdfrdkao fkd.e,mS O wm,hka

wd ksid f.org ;u jdyh m%udo jdy
ug fkdyelsj isk ;reKshka j;auka iudcfha
kE ;r wmg uqK .efia' nqka jykafia kele;a
ne,S" y|yka ne,S" wdh m%;slafIam fldg ;sf'
nqka jod, we;af;a zzlsx liai;s ;drldZZ hkqfjka
.%y ;drldfjda l=ula lrkako hkqfjka m%Yak
lrks' tu foiq ;=,ska nqka jykafia jodf,a .%y
;drldjkag Yd, n,mEula ksiqkag l, fkdyels
nj;a ksidf.a Yla;sh Bg jvd m%n, nj;a yd ;udg
;udf.a msysg muKla we;s nj;ah' ksiqka fhka
;e;s .;a g jDlaI" mj;" wdrdu jkaokdf hk
njo Wkajykafia foaYkd l,y' klal;a: cd;lfha
nqka foaYKd lf,a kel; k kshu f,djg kshu
foa lsu njhs' kele;a n,kakd w:h blau hkafka
hehs nqka jykafia jod,y'

iudc wdl m%YaK yuqf fujeks fohka yd

fkdfmfkk n,f. miqmi yq neu ;jrg;a
jejkq fkdwkqudkh' ta i|yd Yd,u n,mEu
ckudOH uska bgq lr foa' i;s wka; yd i;sm;d
mqj;a m;a j, fujeks foa i|yd w;sflhka mjd
fjkafldg we;' nq oyf i;H ikaksfokh
fkdlr fujeks :Hd u; iudch ;=, jHdma;
lrk we;e NslaIQka jykafia,do j;auka iudcfha
by<ska jecf' fuf,iska hlaIhska yd fohkaf.ka
jev.kakd nj lshk jrOdka ksid
nqoyugo fohkaf.a msysgh'
- ch,d,a pkal=udr
36 i
o mdka ,d i| nei hkjd x
wdldfia rkajka mdghs f
iuqf.k hkak uf.ka o
;j fudfyd;hs o mdka ,d i| '' kd
fkdfodvd bkafka wehs'''
fkdfodvd bkafka wehs''' ;h lhla k wdorh tys iqkaor jokla jkafkah' th
wdorjka;hskaf.a uqjg yire,a,la fiau l,lao tla lrhs'
fm%auh jQ l,S ksidf.a yo m;af,kau .,d tkakjQ ukr
o mdka i| uqyqK fmfkkjd is;=,a,lss' f ;reKHfha fnd,| fm%auh k fkdj wOHd;ah
fjka hk fudfyd;la kEf.hs fm%auh .ekhss' th yq wdlIKhla fkdjqko l, cks; lrjhs'
fuu .S;h fndfyda fokdf.a yo ne b;d ruh .S lhls'
oEig ,xj ;j;a f fudfydf;a
f.d bkafk u''' o mdka <d i| nei hkjd
f.d bkafk u''' wdldfia rkajka mdghs
iuqf.k hkak uf.ka ;j fudfyd;hs
fkdfodvd bkafka wehs'''
fijke,s fkduefla k
t<sh l fkdf k wd,sx.hkg W; f,iska mirh ieliS we;' o meyefhka
;a;s mqrd Tfn hq;=j <d i| nei hhs' wdldih rkajka meyefhka f<hs' i|
neif.k hkafka lsk wjia:djlo@ ta wh ld,hhs' ;j
fijke,s wekafoa fkdfnda f,djlska t<fUk wh ld,fha Tjqka fofokdu
;ksh uld.kakhs fjka h hq;=h' iuq.kakd fudfyd; t<fUka we;' fofokdu
f.d we;af;ah' fmj;sh fmj;df.ka wikqfha zzwehs wms
tk;=re fidhd fokakd fjkafjk fj,dfj;a Thd f.dfj,d bkafk@ Thdg
uf.a fifkyi u;=od lshkak fohla keoao@ fuys <d i| hkak YDx.drj;a yeS
okjkakls' Ika nq,;aisxy,ka yg fuu .S;h rpkd lsug
Tyq ks;a; we;af;ao kla ;u fmj;sh iuska isk g
? l, .=f k i| o meyefhka nei hkq oelSuhs'
,d i| fkduefla k
fk m;l /
msjla fia
,ueo ;,d hyfka bkak
mudfj,d ysre kef.k ;=rd'''
 37
o mdka i| uqyqK fmfkkjd
fjka hk fudfyd;la kEf.hs
oEig <xj ;j;a f fudfydf;a im;a;=
f.d bkafk u uyk
ms<s;=r imhk fmj;d zzuu f.d fj,d bkafk Thdf. weia folg fl,af,lag''
yqdla ,x fj,d bkak ksid' ta ksid ld,h f.u ug oefkkafk
kE' th fuf,iska ;%Kh f'

fijKe,s fkduefla k
t<sh l fkdf k
;a;s mqrd Tn fijKe,s wekafoa
;ksh uld .kakhs
tk;=re fidhd uf.a

wehs wms fokakd fjkafjk fj,dfj;a Thd f.dfj,d bkafk@

fifkyi u;= od

th fld;r jQ wjHdcuh wd;au m%ldYkhlao@

i| fkduelS hkq we;af;a h fiao fk m;la u; msks fkd/

ko ud Tnf.a <uef|a WKqiq jQ iamkaOkh | ord.kafka iamkaOkh
| ord.kafka uy;a jQ fifkyilska yd ysre mud t<fUkak hehs
f,dn jQ is;lska m;ks' ukao t;ru jQ wdlYKh ud yog fudaj weh
we;s neks' lgqfldfyd,a w;ka
weo hkakg
fuu .S;h .dhkd lrkq ,nkafka Ydro .=Kodi lmqf.a iu.ska
Ydro ud,SkS nq,;a isxy,hkah' f.ah ldjHfhka cks; lrkakd jQ uf.a
fhda l" Tjqka ;u Ndjd;aul .dhkfhka ;Sj% lrhs' Tjqka ffokdf.a levqKq firmamqj
y~ m%n,h" Ndjd;aulh' tfyhsks tod isg wo olajdu fuu .Shg iyDo ug
rislhka fu;r we lrkqfha' uid fok g
fuys iajr rpkh Tiaka uqKisxyf.ks' fudyq fuu .S;hg b;d gqjd
ruh f,iska ix.S;h tlafldg we;' tfiau fuu .S;h i|yd lmqf.a wE by,ka Wka
-ud,skS hqj,f.a y~ b;d YsIag f,iska odhl lr.ekSug Tyq iu;a l=vh
we;' fuu .S;h m%:ufhkau .dhkd fldg we;af;a o Tyq isks' isre we;s nj'''
Tyqf.a iyh .dhsldj we;af;a wkQ,d nq,;aisxy,hs' tu .S;h m.;
lrk kfha Yo mmd,lhd f,iska isg we;s lmqf.a Tyqf.ka fuu
.S;h .dhkd lrkakg wjir m;d we;' bka miqjh lmqf.a fuu
- wud ckkS fyar;a
fld<U YajoHd,h - l,d mSGh

.S;h ud,kS nq,;aisxy,hka iu .hd we;af;a' fuys f.ah mo rpkh
Ika nq,;aisxy,f.ks' Tyqf.a YsIag mo rpkdjg Tiaka
uqKisxyhka b;d ruh f,iska ix.S;h;a" .=Kodi
lmqf.a yd ud,kS nq,;aisxy,f.a y~;a
uekka ixfhdackh we;' .S;h
hkq ix.S;h" .dhkh yd mo
rpkh hk ;%s,laIKfha wmQj
tl;=jla ne fuu .S;fhka
biau;= fkdjkafkyso@
tfiau iqNd; .S;fha wmQj
M,hla fkdjkafkyso@ fuh
wkaljrla fkdj wOHd;aufha
we;sjkakd jQ wmQj;u fm%auhhs'
- .hdka ,laud,a
fb msgqj weiqks

38
kq
j
weh Tf hKshhs'' ;a

u
msfhl=f.a weiska Tyqf.a iy Tyqf.a mqx hKshf.a wmQj jQ
neu .ek fufia igyka ;nuq'

wehg wef.a kj fhdjqka wjfha udj fndfyda wjYH jqkd'

udf.a ;fha uu .; lrmq YsIag;u fudfyd; yehg
uf.a j f f,daflg ysfjp fj,dj ioygu uf.a
u;lfha /,d ;sfhkjd' uf.a fndfyda hyjka leu;s
jqfKa thd,f.a mjq,a j,g je jefhka mq;d,d tl;=
fjkjg' ta fudlo" l%sl .ykak" *qfnda,a .ykak" mjq,l
mrmrdf ku wrf.k hkak" ;d;a;dg wdvnr fjkak"
Tjqkag mq;=ka wjYH l<d' kuq;a uu f.dvdla Nd.Hjka;hs
ug ta yeufoagu jeh f,dl= wdrohla" neula we;s fjla
,enqKq tlg' wehs uu fjla ,enqKq tl ;hu imQK
lrmq w;aoelSula lshkafka lshk tl Thd,g;a my; fya;=
lsfhjyu" tajd Thd,f.a ; j,g;a fl;r imo lsh,
f;areKdu jegfya'

fjlaj yod jvd .kakjd lshkafka" Wia uy;a lrkjd

lshkafka f,dl=u f,dl= j.lSula" fYaIfhka uf.a oelau
k weh wef.a ,sx. fNaoh ksidu iSud h hq;= keye' uu
wehf.a is; fhoh yels kEu fohla wehg b.ekah yelshs'

uq,u udf.a |;a iu idlPd l<d' wfma j jD;

ukilska f,dalh oelsh hq;=hs' tajdhska bhg hd hq;=hs'
ta yeu fohlau mqf;l=g muKla iSudh hq;=hs lshk u;h
b;du;a idjoHhs' ta jf.au ;uhs f fya;+ka ksidu wehg
ks;ru reoaO ,sx.slhka iu wdY%hg bv m%ia;dj ,efnkjd'
tg wehg f,dalh wuq;= w;aoelSula jkafka keye' weh
wmf.a u fmkau u; fmd<f mh .id j;a h hq;=hs'

udf.a j fhdjqka wjhg ^ teenager & meKs g uu oekf.k

ishd wehg udj f.dvdla wjYH jk nj' f jhfia iudch
ksid hKshkag we;sfjk m%Yak ms<sn|j udf.a iu jhia
mshjrekaf.ka yd iudcfha w;aoelS j,ska uu oek ishd'
kuq;a uu yeugu wef.a msgqmiska weh iu isg .;a;d'
wef.a kj fhdjqka fha Ydl fjkial j, ug wehg
iyfhda.h h fkdyels jqj;a wehg we;sfjk idudchSh"
udkisl m%Yak j,oS uu wef.a fijke,a, Wkd' kEu fmd
fohla mjd wehg ud iu l:d l< yels jqKd' wef.a
Yla;sh yd u. fmkau ud nj weh ;rfha Yajdi l<d'
wef.a ;fha uq,au w;aoelS yd ys;a o j, mjd wef.a
fyd|u ;=rd f,i ta iEu fohlau ud yd fnod .kak;a weh
wu;l lf<a keye'
uf.a r;a;rka jg uu yeuodu;a wdofrhs'
- wfhaId foaj;ka;%wdr
b;sh ,nk l,dmfha'''
 39

Get Up

BOB MARLEY
wj jkak'' ke.skak'' whs;Ska fjkqfjka ke.skak
wj jkak'' ke.skak'' wr.,h w;a fkdykak
Stand Up
foaYlhdfKks ug fkdlshkak''
jHf,dalh ys;,h ;=, lshd''
k is uu Tn fkdokakd nj
;fha jkdlu l-=ulao lshd
,sfik ish,a, r;a;rka fkdf''
ish l;kaor lsisod fkdlshd we;''
tf,i k Tn wdf,dalh olskak"

ke.skak'' Tnf.a whs;Ska fjkqfjka bhg tkak

wj jkak'' ke.skak'' wr.,h w;a fydykak''

fndfyda ksiqka is;hs fohka wyiska mefKa lshd''
is;hs ish,a, /f.k hd hehs lshd''
ish fokdgu fydka yefa hehs lshd''
kuq;a Tn" ;h fld;r jfkahs okafkao@
Tn uyfmdf<dj u; isk Tn foi n,kak''
tg Tn wdf,dalh olskq we;'
Tn ke.skak whs;Ska fjkqfjka''

wms f,vqka we; Tnf.a mSvdj ksidfjka''

h foka iaj.hg hka iskafkuq
fohkaf.a kdufhka wms k.;suq wms f;are .;a nj
fohka hkq j;a jk ksidhs''
Tng yel rjgkakg iuyfrla iuyr g''
tg wms wdf,dalh olskq we;''
wm wmf.a whs;Ska fjkqfjka ke.S iskafkuq''
fnd udf,a
mj;kh - w.%ydr

Tnf.a woyia" fhdackd yd ksudK wm fj; tjkak'

ixialdrl"
w.%ydr mqj;a irdj"
wxl 97"
urodk mdr"
fld<U 10'
weu;= : wrekao;S -$ wdhdpkd $ wfhdaOHd - 0114873901
oHq;a ;emE, :- agrahara16@gmail.com
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urodk fld<U 10 wxl 97" msys cd;sl rlaIKNdr wruqo, fjkqfjka wkqr iurfldaka jk ud iska fldgdj" udl=Uqf iagd ms%skagia ys uqKh lr fnod yk ,'