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Procedia Engineering 150 (2016) 815 820

International Conference on Industrial Engineering, ICIE 2016

Researching the CNC-Machine Stiffness Impact on the Grinding

Cycle Design
V.I. Guzeev, A.K. Nurkenov*
South Ural State University, 76, Lenin Avenue, Chelyabinsk, 454080, The Russian Federation

Abstract

In this paper authors researched the CNC-machine stiffness impact on the grinding cycle design at few detail types. As a result of
calculation by the design method of grinding cycles, 615 allowable grinding cycles were developed. Each cycle was limited by
the requirements described in the design method of grinding cycles for circular plunge grinding. It was determined that the
performance of the designed cycle directly depends on the technological system stiffness; number of cycle steps depends on the
stiffness of the technological system; when calculating the surface roughness limitation of the radial feed, an area was formed in
the interval in the workpiece rotation frequency. Approbation of the developed grinding cycle design method for circular plunge
grinding was made for detail types "bearing shell" and "bearing ring" in machining companies.
2016
2016TheTheAuthors.
Authors. Published
Published by Elsevier
by Elsevier Ltd. Ltd.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ICIE 2016.
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ICIE 2016
Keywords: CNC-machine grinding; stiffness; technological system.

1. Introduce

Grinding is the micro cutting process with low value stock removal. Workpiece machining by designing cycle
based on switching radial feed of grinding wheel. In the field of design of grinding cycles made a lot of research [1-
10]. In most of them indicated one of the main parameters technological system (TS) stiffness. There are many
ways to determine this parameter, which are divided into the definition of static and dynamic stiffness [11-15]. The
authors designed a method of determining the dynamic stiffness [15] and the method of grinding cycles design [16,
17]. Based on these studies to analyze the impact of stiffness on the output parameters of the designed cycle is

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +7-912-77-44-307.

E-mail address: nurkenovah@yandex.ru

1877-7058 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ICIE 2016
doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.07.118
816 V.I. Guzeev and A.K. Nurkenov / Procedia Engineering 150 (2016) 815 820

calculated for the group of products: details type "ring" and "body". Processing was carried out on cylindrical
grinding CNC machine 3151F2 in the Department "Technology of mechanical engineering" laboratory of the of
South Ural state University.

2. Results of grinding cycle design

As a result of calculation by design method of grinding cycles was designed 615 allowable grinding cycles. Each
cycle was limited by the requirements described in design method of grinding cycles for circular plunge grinding.
The cycle parameters show in table 1. Example graphs as an array of cycles while changing the frequency of
workpiece rotation are presented in figure 1.

Table 1. Parameters of designed cycles

Details type "ring" Details type "body"

Cycle parameters Actual technological system stiffness, N/m

0,38107 0,28107 0,21107 0,12107 0,08107

The amount passed limitations cycles 148 131 112 112 112

Range workpiece frequency of rotation, rev / min 50-150 50-130 50-110 50-100

19,6 36,5 59,4 192 270,6

The cycle minimum machining time, sec.
(4 steps) (4 steps) (3 steps) (3 steps) (3 steps)

Fig. 1. Grinding cycle array for technological system stiffness 0,38107 N/m

As a result of design circular plunge grinding cycles by the developed method installed:
1) The performance of the designed cycle directly depends on the technological system stiffness. In the presented
calculations for details of type "ring" with a lower value of the TS 0,38107 before 0,21107 N/m the cycle time
 V.I. Guzeev and A.K. Nurkenov / Procedia Engineering 150 (2016) 815 820 817

increases by 3 times from 19.6 to 59.4 sec. For details such as "body" with a lower value of the TS 0,12107 before
0,08107 N/m the cycle time is increased from 192 to with 270,6 sec. (1,4 times).
2) Number of cycle steps depends on the stiffness of the technological system. That is, by reducing the TS
stiffness value number of grinding cycle steps and the machining performance decrease. For details type "ring" the
most productive cycles consist of 4 switch radial-feed steps, and for details such as "body" 3 switch radial-feed
steps.
3) When calculating the surface roughness limitation of the radial feed was formed area in the interval in
workpiece frequency of rotation. For details type "ring" with a different TS stiffness the workpiece frequency of
rotation from 50 to 150 rev./min. For details such as "body" from 50 to 100 rev./min.

3. Application method in manufacturing

Approbation of grinding cycles design method for circular plunge grinding produced for details type "bearing
shell" in company "UPP VECTOR", and details type "bearing Ring" in company "Electric drive". Developed
recommendations for the circular plunge grinding cycles design for CNC machines designed in the technical
guidance materials form. The results of implementing the circular plunge grinding cycles design for CNC machines
by acts of implementation.
For typical details type "bearing shell" designed the cycle of circular plunge grinding for Studer CNC machine.
Based on preliminary testing of the technological system identified the actual technological system stiffness
0,294107 N/m. Workpiece mounted in the chuck with a boring am. Machining surface diameter 50f6. Based on
the design method of grinding cycle was calculated rotation frequency interval of the workpiece n=20...130 rev/min
(surface roughness limitation is done). An array of cycles while changing the rotation frequency of the workpiece
with the change in the actual flow presented in figure 2. As a result the design circular plunge grinding cycle is was
received optimum performance three step grinding cycle with a frequency of rotation of the workpiece 130 rev/min,
which is the stock removal from the workpiece for 158,7 seconds (Fig. 3.).

Fig. 2. Grinding cycle array for details type "bearing shell"

818 V.I. Guzeev and A.K. Nurkenov / Procedia Engineering 150 (2016) 815 820

Fig. 3. Optimal grinding cycle for technological system stiffness 0,294107 N/m

In the manufacturing technological process details "bearing shell", which debugging was carried out on the
selection of cutting data by processing a chip test workpiece is made for 214 seconds (cycle time). Thus, by
decreasing cycle time through designed on the performance of RTM circular plunge grinding operations increases to
1,34 times.

Fig. 4. Grinding cycle array for details type "bearing ring"

 V.I. Guzeev and A.K. Nurkenov / Procedia Engineering 150 (2016) 815 820 819

For typical details type "bearing ring" designed the cycle of circular plunge grinding for Okamoto CNC machine.
Based on preliminary testing of the technological system identified the actual technological system stiffness
0,41107 N/m. Workpiece mounted on the mandrel fixed in the holder. Machining surface diameter 32.
Based on the design method of grinding cycle was calculated rotation frequency interval of the workpiece
n=20...180 rev/min (surface roughness limitation is done). An array of cycles while changing the rotation frequency
of the workpiece with the change in the actual flow presented in figure 4. As a result the design circular plunge
grinding cycle is was received optimum performance three step grinding cycle with a frequency of rotation of the
workpiece 180 rev/min, which is the stock removal from the workpiece for 78 seconds (Fig. 5.).

Fig. 5. Optimal grinding cycle for technological system stiffness 0,41107 N/m

In the manufacturing technological process details "bearing ring", which debugging was carried out on the
selection of cutting data by processing a chip test workpiece is made for 90 seconds (cycle time). Thus, by
decreasing cycle time through designed on the performance of RTM circular plunge grinding operations increases to
1,15 times.

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