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WAVELENGTH OAM IN TWDM-PON USING PLOAM

MESSAGES
September 21, 2014
Dora van Veen

COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. (Dora van Veen, dora.van_veen@alcatel-lucent.com)
INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW

We will discuss activation of ONUs in a TWDM-PON by using the Physical

Layer Operations and Management (PLOAM) messaging channel
Pros and cons
Example implementation (ALU TWDM-PON 2013 demo)
How to enable synchronized quiet windows
Commercial RSSI details length field
Conclusions 2 ONU-ID
1 Message type
1 Sequence number
36 Message contents
8 MIC: message integrity check

A PLOAM message

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PROS AND CONS

PRO: Potential lowest cost, needed hardware already available (i.e. RSSI)

PRO: Most of the needed signaling and concepts are already in place in existing
standards

PRO: No optical power penalties to the main data-transmission

CON: Synchronization of quiet windows is required (wavelength ONU is unknown

when it transmits for the first time so it can interfere with the other wavelength
channels)

CON: Rate of quiet windows needs to be the same for each wavelength

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
 ALCATEL-LUCENT TWDM-PON DEMO SYSTEM (2013)

ONUs with
tunable Tx &
tunable Rx

Cyclic AWG
Bell Labs Integration
and Subsystems

7360 ISAM FX-8

See: D. van Veen, W. Poehlmann et al.,

"System demonstration of a time and
wavelength-set division multiplexing PON, 5
COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ECOC 2013, paper We.3.F.2
ALU-TWDM-PON DEMO SYSTEM SETUP

4x10 Gbps
OLT XFP1 down- ONUx
W
stream control
RSSI
D 4x1
M coupler 4x2.5Gbps tunable MAC
XFP2
TRx FPGA
cyclic
MAC XFP3 W optical
up- tunable

SOA
FPGA XFP4 stream
D
feeder power filter+WDMs P
M splitter
AWG fiber

The TWDM-PON demo system is integrated with an existing XG-PON1 system.

We extended the standard physical layer processes with the new wavelength
control protocol to show automated activation and in service wavelength
tracking.

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
AUTOMATED WAVELENGTH TUNING AND TRACKING
ONU INITIATION PROCESS

distance max.
OLT ONU distance
Synchronized arrival
time of upstream data traffic Before activation of ONU starts, the ONU
OLT sends SN request tunes it receiver until it has optimal
SN response downstream data reception (no quiet
Quiet window: at un-known
No traffic on any upstream windows needed for this phase)
TWDM channel

Arrival
SN response
We used the standard quiet windows in
Max. Successful reading of SN: Unsuccessful: XG-PON1 for activating an ONU.
RTD OLT starts next steps New attempt with
(fine tuning, putting ONU shift by

in operation)
However these ranging windows need to
occur simultaneously on all wavelength
channels.

Unsuccessful:
New attempt with
shift by

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
AUTOMATED WAVELENGTH TUNING AND TRACKING
ONU INITIATION PROCESS

A B C D A B
0
Port A Port B Port
C Port D Port A

-5
Insertion Loss (dB)

-10

Data transmission possible

-15 in light blue areas.

-20

-25
(i) (ii) Step = /4
Wavelength

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
AUTOMATED WAVELENGTH TUNING AND TRACKING
FINE TUNING AND TRACKING (DITHERING)

After SN detection, RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) at the OLT Rx is used to
fine tune through dithering the upstream wavelength to the maximum of the AWG
filter before it becomes operational.
We implemented a proprietary PLOAM message from OLT to ONU to instruct a
wavelength change.
During operation dithering stays active to track the wavelength when (slow) ambient
temperature changes happen (without quiet windows).

0 A B C D A B
Insertion Loss (dB)

Port A Port B C
Port Port D Port A
-5

-10

-15

-20

-25
Wavelength dithering
Combined with RSSI measurement at OLT

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COPYRIGHT 2013 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
HOW TO ENABLE SYNCHRONIZED QUIET WINDOWS
SYNCHRONIZING OLTS

Two possible cases:

1. OLTs in same location (i.e. CO)
o Time-of-Day (ToD) interface comes standard on many telecom equipment, mature
technology (PLL-based) is available to interface with ToD.

2. OLTs in different locations

o GPS receiver at each location. Needs good visibility with the sky. Government
regulations need to be considered. Accuracy of GPS time signals is 10 ns
o Precision time protocol (PTP)*. PTP is a protocol used to synchronize clocks
throughout a computer network. Sub-microsecond accuracy is possible.
Synchronization techniques are available and well known in the communication world
*IEEE 1588-2002 standard "Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control
Systems"
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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
HOW TO ENABLE SYNCHRONIZED QUIET WINDOWS
SYNCHRONIZING QUIET WINDOWS

1. OLTs at same location

o In this case the quiet windows can sync using the time at the OLT as is, the inaccuracy
can be handled with very small safety margins.
2. OLTs at different locations
o In this case one needs to take a larger margin into account
o or alternatively one could measure the distance, or range the OLTs as a more accurate
method

OLT1 quiet window

Quiet window needs to be 400 s to
accommodate 0-40 km PON reach
OLT2 quiet window
For example 10 km distance between OLTs
results in 100 s margin
quiet window with
margin

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
HOW TO ENABLE SYNCHRONIZED QUIET WINDOWS
EQUAL RATE OF QUIET WINDOWS PER WAVELENGTH

Rate of quiet windows needs to be the same on each wavelength.

- Considering the case of including 10 km margin for OLTs at different locations a 500 s
quiet window is needed for a PON with reach of 0-40 km.

- Quiet window rate of 1 per second => 0.05 % overhead

- Quiet window rate of 10 per second => 0.5 % overhead

It does not seem a big deal to have a standard quiet window rate on all
wavelengths from an overhead perspective

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
MEASUREMENTS USING COMMERCIAL BURSTMODE RSSI

Commonly available in commercial OLT XFP modules

RSSI circuit mirrors the APD current after which it goes into an ADC and to an
output pin of an OLT XFP
Typically -32dBm to -5dBm optical input range with 0.5 dB accuracy is
supported
Typical minimum sampling period is 300 ns
Highest RSSI measurement rate in current OLT XFPs is limited by the serial
communication with the module, improvements possible
In case of DML-based ONUs, the burst wavelength drift also causes an additional
inaccuracy of up to about 0.5 dB (less for short bursts).
Averaging of RSSI measurements can result in a more accurate result (see also
for example Ning Cheng et al. paper PD4F4 at ECOC 2013).

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
CONCLUSIONS

We described ONU activation in TWDM-PON using the

already available PLOAM channel.
Pros and Cons have been listed.
We showed an example implementation.
We discussed ways to enable synchronized quiet windows.
We discussed feasibility of using commercial RSSI function
for wavelength-OAM.

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Ilija Hadzic for providing valuable insights into synchronization

Peter Vetter, Thomas Pfeiffer and Ken Waters for fruitful discussions and
contributions.

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COPYRIGHT 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.