CHAPTER 6

6.1 2D MULTI BAY MULTI STOREY FRAMES

Problem 1: 2D MULTI BAY MULTI STOREY FRAME (UNEQUAL SPANS)

Data:

Length:12m (Bay 1=3.0m, Bay 2=4.0m, Bay 3=5.0m)

Height: 15m (5 Bays each bay =3.0m)

Beams section: Bay 1=230 x 300mm; Bay 2=230 x 350mm; Bay 3=230 x 400mm

Column section: 450 x 300 (All are same size)

Total Load :50KN/m

Concrete: M20 Grade; Steel: Fe 415

1. Geometry Creation :
New Project Select Plane Length =meters; Force=KN;
File Name= Multi storey Frame 1 Next
Select Open Structure Wizard Finish.

Change to Frame models from Truss models Select Bay Frame and double click
on it.

Length X=12.0m No. of Bays =3 Click Bay 1=3.0m; bay 2=4.0m;

Bay 3=5.0m
Height Y=15m No. of Bays=5 Each Bay=3.0m
Width Z=0m (2D Frame) Apply Transfer Model YesClose.
Go to front view.
Note: To change dimension:
Right click Change Property to change the length if required.
2. Member Property :

Click General Property Define Rectangle YD=0.30 ZD=0.23 Add

(Outer) YD=0.35 ZD=0.23Add Yd=0.40 ZD=0.23 Add Yd=0.45
ZD=0.23Add Close. Highlight 0.3 x 0.23 beam and windowing the first bay
beam Assign to selected beam Assign Yes.
Highlight 0.35 x 0.23 beam and windowing the beams in the 2nd bay beams
Assign to selected beam Assign Yes.
Highlight 0.40 x 0.23 beam and windowing the beams in the 3rd bay beams
Assign to selected beam Assign Yes.
Highlight 0.45 x 0.23 Select Beam parallel to Y Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
3. Supports :

Click Support Create Fixed Add. Highlight support 2 and select bottom

support nodes by windowing using node cursor Assign to selected nodes

Assign Yes Close De select the nodes and change to beam cursor.

4. Loading :

Click Load & Definition Click Load case details Add.

Primary Number 1 loading type: None Title: Load case 1 Add close.
Click Load case 1 Add. Member Load uniform Force w1=-50KN/m
Gy Add Close.
Highlight w1=-50 and Select Beam parallel X Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
5. Analysis :
Click Analysis/print No print Add Close.
Click post print Define commands Analysis resultsAdd Close,
Note: Save the File and Run the Program.
6. Design :
Click Design ConcreteCurrent code :IS456 Define Parameters
Fc=20,000KN/m2 Add.
Fy main=415000KN/m2 Add
Fy sec=415000KN/m2 Add close.
Click Fck20000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Fymain=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Fysec=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Design beam Add. Click Design column Add.
Click concrete Take off Add.
Highlight Design Beam and Select Beam parallel to X Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Design column and Select Beam parallel to Y Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Concrete Take off and select entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
8. Analysis:
From Main Menu ` Analysis Run Analysis Done.
Select the member and double click on it Shear bending Close.
9. Results:
Go to post processing mode. Maximize screen. Select various loads
and see the deflections.
Click Bending Moment icon Mz
Results View valueBeam results
Bending Moment Ends Mid span
Click Shear Force Fy icon
Results View valueBeam results
Shear Force Ends
Click Axial Force icon FX
Results View valueBeam results
Axial Force Ends
Design check:
Select bottom most GF column Double click the column concrete design.
Check whether the column fails or not. Similarly check the first floor beam by
double click the beam for finding the reinforcement.
Report:
Click Report set up.
Available Selected
Input Sections
Supports
Loadings
Output Beam End Forces
Reactions
Beam max. Axial Forces
Beam Max. Moments
Beam Force Details Summary Ok
Report Preview Report.

Problem 2: DESIGN OF MULTI STOREY FRAME WITH HORIZONTAL LOAD

(2D Frame- Analysis & Design)

Data:

Length:12.6m ( 3 Bays Each Bay =4.20m)

Height: 12.8m (4 Bays each bay =3.20m)

Beams & Columns section: 230 x 380mm

Loads : DL=40KN/m ;LL=20KN/m
WL=10KN on 1st storey.15KN on 2nd storey,20KN on 3rd
storey,25KN on 4th storey.

Concrete: M30 Grade; Steel: Fe 415

Ratio=3.0%
DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

25 kN

3.20
DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

20 kN

3.20
DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

15 kN

3.20
DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

10 kN
3.20

0.38 X 0.23 0.38 X 0.23 0.38 X 0.23 0.38 X 0.23

4.20 4.20 4.20

1. Geometry Creation :
New Project Select Plane Units: Length =meters; Force=KN;
File Name=Design of Multi storey Frame Next
Select Open Structure Wizard Finish.

Change to Frame models from Truss models Select Bay Frame and double click
on it.
Length X=12.60m No. of Bays =3 Each Bay =4.20m
Height Y=12.80m No. of Bays=4 Each Bay=3.20m
Width Z=0m (2D Frame) Apply Transfer Model YesClose.
Go to front view.
2. Member Property :

Click General Property Define Rectangle YD=0.38 ZD=0.23 Add

Close. Highlight YD=0.38 ZD=0.23 Select entire frame Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
3. Supports :

Click Support Create Fixed Add. Highlight support 2 and select bottom

support nodes by windowing using node cursor Assign to selected nodes

Assign Yes Close De select the nodes and change to beam cursor.

4. Loading :

Click Load & Definition Click Load case details Add.

Primary Number 1 loading type: Dead Title: DL Add .
Click Load case details Add.
Number 2 Loading type: Live
Title: LL Add .
Click Load case details Add.
Number 3 Loading type: Wind
Title: WL Add close .
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 4
Name: 1.5 (DL+LL) Normal Factor Default :1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 2 2=1.5 Close.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 5
Name: 1.5 (DL+WL) Normal Factor Default :1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 3 3=1.5 Close.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 6
Name: 1.2 (DL+LL+WL) Normal Factor Default :1.2
Load case 1 1=1.2
Load case 2 2=1.2
Load case 3 3=1.2 Close.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 7
Name: 1.2 (DL+LL-WL) Normal Factor Default :1.2
Load case 1 1=1.2
Load case 2 2=1.2
Load case 3 3=(-)1.2 Close.
Click Load case 1 Add Member Load uniform Force w1=-40KN/m
Gy Add.
Click Load case 2 Add Member Load uniform Force w1=-20KN/m
Gy Add.
Click Load case 3 Add Nodal Load FX=25 Add.
FX=20 Add.
FX=15 Add.
FX=10 Add.
Highlight DL=-40 and Select Beam parallel to X Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight LL=-20 and Select beam parallel toX Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight WL=25 KN and select left side top most node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=20 KN and select left side 3rd floor node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=15 KN and select left side 2nd floor node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=10 KN and select left side First floor node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes Close.
Load List:
Main menuCommandsLoading Load List (select Load combination from 4 to 7
Load List OkClose.
6. Design :
Click Design ConcreteCurrent code :IS456 Define Parameters
Fc=30,000KN/m2 Add.
Fy main=415000KN/m2 Add
Fy sec=415000KN/m2 Add
Ratio=3% Add close.
Click Fck=30000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Fymain=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Fysec=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Ratio=3% and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Design beam Add. Click Design column Add.
Click concrete Take off Add.
Highlight Design Beam and select beam parallel to X Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Design column and select Beam parallel to Y Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Concrete Take off and select entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
7. Analysis :
Click Analysis/print No print Add Close.
Click post print Define commands Analysis resultsAdd Close,
Note: Save the File and Run the Program.
8. Analysis:
From Main Menu ` Analysis Run Analysis Done.
Select the member and double click on it Shear bending Close.
9. Results:
Go to post processing mode. Maximize screen. Select various loads
and see the deflections.
Click Bending Moment icon Mz
Results View valueBeam results
Bending Moment Ends Mid span
Click Shear Force Fy icon
Results View valueBeam results
Shear Force Ends
Click Axial Force icon FX
Results View valueBeam results
Axial Force Ends
Design check:
Select bottom most GF column Double click the column concrete design.
Check whether the column fails or not. Similarly check the first floor beam by
double click the beam for finding the reinforcement.
Report:
Click Report set up.
Available Selected
Input Sections
Supports
Loadings
Output Beam End Forces
Reactions
Beam max. Axial Forces
Beam Max. Moments
Beam Force Details Summary Ok
6.2 2D FRAME ANALYSIS & DESIGN (OPTIMIZATION)

Problem 1:

Data:

Length:12.6m ( Each Bay =4.20m)

Height: 12.8m (Each Bay =3.20m)

All Beams & Column section: 380 x 230mm

Load Dead Load :40KN/m Live Load=20KN/m

Wind Load :GF=10KN FF=15KN SF=20KN TF(Roof)=25KN acting as

point load from Left to right.

Concrete: M30 Grade; Steel: Fe 415

Ratio=2 to 3% for all columns. Beam : Pt may be any thing but Pc <4.0cm2
 DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

25 kN

3.20
DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

20 kN

3.20
DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

15 kN

3.20
DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

10 kN

3.20
0.38 X 0.23 0.38 X 0.23 0.38 X 0.23 0.38 X 0.23

4.20 4.20 4.20

1. Geometry Creation :
New Project Select Plane Length =meters; Force=KN;
File Name= Multi storey Frame 1 Next
Select Open Structure Wizard Finish.

Change to Frame models from Truss models Select Bay Frame and double click
on it.

Length X=12.60m No. of Bays =3 Click Bay 1=4.2m; bay 2=4.2m;

Bay 3=4.20m
Height Y=12.80m No. of Bays=4 Each Bay=3.20m
Width Z=0m (2D Frame) Apply Transfer Model YesClose.
Go to front view.
Note: To change dimension:
Right click Change Property to change the length if required.
2. Member Property :

Click General Property Define Rectangle YD=0.38 ZD=0.23 Add

Close. Highlight 0.38 x 0.23 and select the entire structure Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes Close.
3. Supports :

Click Support Create Fixed Add. Highlight support 2 and select bottom

support nodes by windowing using node cursor Assign to selected nodes

Assign Yes Close De select the nodes and change to beam cursor.

4. Loading :

Click Load & Definition Click Load case details Add.

Primary Number 1 Loading type: Dead Title: DL Add close.
Click Load case details Add.
Number 2 Loading type: Live Title: DL Add.
Click Load case details Add.
Number 3 Loading type: Wind Title: WL Add.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 4
Name: 1.5 (DL+LL) Normal Factor Default :1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 2 2=1.5 Close.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 5
Name: 1.5 (DL+WL) Normal Factor Default :1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 3 3=1.5 Close.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 6
Name: 1.5 (DL-WL) Normal Factor Default :1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 3 3=-1.5 Close.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 7
Name: 1.2 (DL+LL+WL) Normal Factor Default :1.2
Load case 1 1=1.2
Load case 2 2=1.2
Load case 3 3=1.2 Close.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 8
Name: 1.2 (DL+LL-WL) Normal Factor Default :1.2
Load case 1 1=1.2
Load case 2 2=1.2
Load case 3 3=-1.2 Close.
Click Load case 1(DL) Add Member Load uniform Force w1=-40KN/m
Gy Add.
Click Load case 2 (LL) Add Member Load uniform Force w1=-20KN/m
Gy Add.
Click Load case 3 (WL) Add Nodal Load FX=25 Add.
FX=20 Add.
FX=15 Add.
FX=10 Add.
Highlight DL=-40 and Select Beam parallel to X Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight LL=-20 and Select Beam parallel toX Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight WL=25 KN and select left side top most node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=20 KN and select left side second floor node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=15 KN and select left side first floor node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=10 KN and select left side ground floor node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes Close.
Load List:
Main menuCommandsLoading Load List (select Load combination from 4 to
8 Load List OkClose.
5. Analysis :
Click Analysis/print No print Add Close.
6.Post Print:
Click post print Define commands Analysis resultsAdd Close,
Note: Save the File and Run the Program.
7. Design :
Click Design ConcreteCurrent code :IS456 Define Parameters
Fc=30,000KN/m2 Add.
Fy main=415000KN/m2 Add
Fy sec=415000KN/m2 Add
Ratio=2.5% Add Close.
Click Fck30000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Fymain=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Fysec=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click ratio=2.5% and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Design Beam Add. Click Design column Add.
Click Concrete Take off Add.
Highlight Design Beam and Select Beam parallel to X Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Design column and Select Beam parallel to Y Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Concrete Take off and select entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
8. Analysis:
From Main Menu Analysis Run Analysis Done.
Select the member and double click on it Shear bending Close.
9. Results:
Go to post processing mode. Maximize screen. Select various loads
and see the deflections.
Click Deflection.
Results View valueBeam results
Deflection Annotate.
Click Bending Moment icon Mz
Results View valueBeam results
Bending Moment Ends Mid spanAnnotate.
Click Shear Force Fy icon
Results View valueBeam results
Shear Force Ends Annotate.
Click Axial Force icon FX
Results View valueBeam results
A xial Force Ends Annotate.
Design check:
Select Bottom most GF column Double click the column concrete design.
Check whether the column fails or not. If some column fails in GF, change the size
of column and again run the analysis, Similarly check beam by double click the
particular beam for finding the reinforcement, if all are passed ok. Otherwise revise
the section. See whether the reinforcement of tension is as per code permissible
limit. Also check the compression reinforcement is less than 4.0cm2 . if not slightly
alter the beam section until the compression reinforcement < 4.0cm2.
10. Report:
Click Report set up.
Available Selected
Input Sections
Supports
Loadings
Output Beam End Forces
Reactions
Beam max. Axial Forces
Beam Max. Moments
Beam Force Details Summary Ok
Report Preview Report.

Problem 2:
DESIGN OF MULTI STOREY FRAME (2D Frame- Analysis & Design)

Data:

Length:12.6m ( 3 Bays Each Bay =4.20m)

Height: 12.8m (4 Bays each bay =3.20m)

Beams & Columns section: 230 x 380mm

Loads : DL=40KN/m ;LL=20KN/m

WL=10KN on 1st storey.15KN on 2nd storey,20KN on 3rd
storey,25KN on 4th storey.

Concrete: M30 Grade; Steel: Fe 415

Ratio=3.0%
DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

25 kN
3.20

DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

20 kN
3.20

DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

15 kN
3.20

DL-40 kN/m + LL-20 kN/m

10 kN
3.20

0.38 X 0.23 0.38 X 0.23 0.38 X 0.23 0.38 X 0.23

4.20 4.20 4.20

1. Geometry Creation :
New Project Select Plane Units: Length =meters; Force=KN;
File Name=Design of Multi storey Frame Next
Select Open Structure Wizard Finish.

Change to Frame models from Truss models Select Bay Frame and double click
on it.
Length X=12.60m No. of Bays =3 Each Bay =4.20m
Height Y=12.80m No. of Bays=4 Each Bay=3.20m
Width Z=0m (2D Frame) Apply Transfer Model YesClose.
Go to front view.
2. Member Property :

Click General Property Define Rectangle YD=0.38 ZD=0.23 Add

Close. Highlight YD=0.38 ZD=0.23 Select entire frame Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
3. Supports :

Click Support Create Fixed Add. Highlight support 2 and select bottom

support nodes by windowing using node cursor Assign to selected nodes

Assign Yes Close De select the nodes and change to beam cursor.

4. Loading :

Click Load & Definition Click Load case details Add.

Primary Number 1 loading type: Dead Title: DL Add .
Click Load case details Add.
Number 2 Loading type: Live
Title: LL Add .
Click Load case details Add.
Number 3 Loading type: Wind
Title: WL Add close .
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 4
Name: 1.5 (DL+LL) Normal Factor Default :1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 2 2=1.5 Close.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 5
Name: 1.5 (DL+WL) Normal Factor Default :1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 3 3=1.5 Close.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 6
Name: 1.2 (DL+LL+WL) Normal Factor Default :1.2
Load case 1 1=1.2
Load case 2 2=1.2
Load case 3 3=1.2 Close.
Click Load case details Add.
Click Load Combination Load Number: 7
Name: 1.2 (DL+LL-WL) Normal Factor Default :1.2
Load case 1 1=1.2
Load case 2 2=1.2
Load case 3 3=(-)1.2 Close.
Click Load case 1 Add Member Load uniform Force w1=-40KN/m
Gy Add.
Click Load case 2 Add Member Load uniform Force w1=-20KN/m
Gy Add.
Click Load case 3 Add Nodal Load FX=25 Add.
FX=20 Add.
FX=15 Add.
FX=10 Add.
Highlight DL=-40 and Select Beam parallel to X Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight LL=-20 and Select beam parallel toX Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight WL=25 KN and select left side top most node
 Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=20 KN and select left side 3rd floor node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=15 KN and select left side 2nd floor node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=10 KN and select left side First floor node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes Close.
Load List:
Main menuCommandsLoading Load List (select Load combination from 4 to 7
Load List OkClose.
5. Design :
Click Design ConcreteCurrent code :IS456 Define Parameters
Fc=30,000KN/m2 Add.
Fy main=415000KN/m2 Add
Fy sec=415000KN/m2 Add
Ratio=3% Add close.
Click Fck=30000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Fymain=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Fysec=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Ratio=3% and select the entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Click Design beam Add. Click Design column Add.
Click concrete Take off Add.
Highlight Design Beam and select beam parallel to X Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Design column and select Beam parallel to Y Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Concrete Take off and select entire structure Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
6. Analysis :
Click Analysis/print No print Add Close.
Click post print Define commands Analysis resultsAdd Close,
Note: Save the File and Run the Program.
7. Analysis:
From Main Menu ` Analysis Run Analysis Done.
Select the member and double click on it Shear bending Close.
8. Results:
Go to post processing mode. Maximize screen. Select various loads
and see the deflections.
Click Bending Moment icon Mz
Results View valueBeam results
Bending Moment Ends Mid span
Click Shear Force Fy icon
Results View valueBeam results
Shear Force Ends
Click Axial Force icon FX
Results View valueBeam results
Axial Force Ends
Design check:
Select bottom most GF column Double click the column concrete design.
Check whether the column fails or not. Similarly check the first floor beam by
double click the beam for finding the reinforcement.
Report:
Click Report set up.
Available Selected
Input Sections
Supports
Loadings
Output Beam End Forces
Reactions
Beam max. Axial Forces
 Beam Max. Moments
Beam Force Details Summary Ok
Report Preview Report.