Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Extrication:
Vehicle extrication is the process of removing a vehicle from around a person who has
been involved in a motor vehicle accident, when conventional means of exit are
impossible or unadvisable. A delicate approach is needed to minimize injury to the
victim during the extrication. This operation is typically accomplished by utilizing
chocks and bracing for stabilization and hydraulic tools.
The basic extrication process consists of, but is not limited to, six steps:
the protection of the accident scene, to avoid a risk of another collision (marking
out the scene with cones or flares (not advisable if gasoline is leaking), lighting)
and of fire (e.g. switching off the ignition, putting vehicle in park, disconnecting
the battery, placing absorbing powder on oil and gasoline pools,fire
extinguisher and fire hose ready to use) ;
patient triage and initial medical assessment of the patient by qualified medical
rescuer;
securing the vehicle, to prevent the unexpected movement, and the movements of
the suspension, either of which could cause an unstable trauma wound or cause
injury to the rescuers; A vehicle should never be moved, it should always be
secured.
the opening of the vehicle and the deformation of the structure (such as removing
a window) to allow the intervention of a first responder, of a paramedic or of
a physician inside the vehicle to better assess the patient and begin care and also to
release a possible pressure on the casualty;
removal of a section of the vehicle (usually the roof or door) to allow for safe
removal of the accident victim, especially respecting the head-neck-back axis
(rectitude of the spine);
removal of the person from the vehicle
In less complicated cases, it is possible to extricate the casualty without actually cutting
the vehicle, such as removing a person from the side door or another part of the vehicle.
In 2010, the American Heart Association revised its CPR guidelines, announcing that
chest compressions should be performed first, before opening the victims airway. The
new acronym C-A-B (Compressions-Airway-Breathing) now replaces the old A-B-C
(Airway-Breathing-Compressions) model.
In the first few minutes of cardiac arrest, there is still oxygen in the victims lungs and
bloodstream. Therefore, starting chest compressions first (on an individual who is
unresponsive or not breathing normally) can help send this critical oxygen to the brain
and heart without any delay.
Descarcerare:
Descarcerare vehicul este procesul de ndeprtare a unui vehicul din ntreaga o persoan
care a fost implicat ntr-un accident de autovehicul, atunci cnd mijloacele
convenionale de ieire sunt imposibile sau nerecomandat. Este necesar o abordare
delicat a reduce la minimum un prejudiciu victimei n timpul Descarcerare. Aceast
operaiune este de obicei realizat prin utilizarea pene i pregtete pentru stabilizare i
unelte hidraulice.
Procedeul descarcerare baz cuprinde, dar nu se limiteaz la, ase etape:
protecia locul accidentului, pentru a evita un risc de un alt coliziune (marcarea scena cu
conuri sau rachete de semnalizare (nu recomandabil dac benzina este scurgeri),
iluminat) i de foc (de exemplu, oprirea contactului, punnd vehicul n parc,
deconectarea bateria, introducerea praf absorbant pe bazine de petrol i benzin,
Stingator i furtunuri gata de utilizare foc);
triaj pacient i evaluarea medical iniial a pacientului de ctre salvator medical
calificat;
asigurarea vehiculului, pentru a preveni micarea neateptat, i micrile de suspensie,
fie ar putea cauza un traumatism ran instabil sau poate cauza un prejudiciu pentru
salvatorii; Un vehicul nu ar trebui s fie mutat, ar trebui s fie ntotdeauna asigurat.
deschiderea vehiculului i deformarea structurii (cum ar fi eliminarea unei ferestre)
pentru a permite intervenia unui raspuns rapid, de un paramedic sau a unui medic
interiorul vehiculului pentru a evalua mai bine pacientului i ncepe ngrijire i, de
asemenea, pentru a elibera un posibil presiune asupra accidentului;
eliminarea unei seciuni a vehiculului (de obicei pe acoperi sau ui), pentru a permite
scoaterea n condiii de siguran a pentru a victimei accidentului, n special respectarea
axa cap-gt-spate (corectitudinea a coloanei vertebrale);
scoatere de persoana din vehicul
n cazuri mai puin complicate, este posibil s ias accidentului fr tiere de fapt
vehiculului, cum ar fi eliminarea o persoan din ua lateral sau o alt parte a
vehiculului.