LATIHAN 4 STRATEGI READING

TOEFL BOOSTER

The American Revolution (1775-83) is also known as the

American Revolutionary War and the U.S. War of Independence. The
conflict arose from growing tensions between residents of Great
Britains 13 North American colonies and the colonial government,
which represented the British crown. Skirmishes between British
troops and colonial militiamen in Lexington and Concord in April
1775 kicked off the armed conflict, and by the following summer, the
rebels were waging a full-scale war for their independence. France
entered the American Revolution on the side of the colonists in 1778,
turning what had essentially been a civil war into an international
conflict. After French assistance helped the Continental Army force
the British surrender at Yorktown, Virginia, in 1781, the Americans
had effectively won their independence, though fighting would not
formally end until 1783.

For more than a decade before the outbreak of the American

Revolution in 1775, tensions had been building between colonists and
the British authorities. Attempts by the British government to raise
revenue by taxing the colonies (notably the Stamp Act of 1765, the
Townshend Tariffs of 1767 and the Tea Act of 1773) met with heated
protest among many colonists, who resented their lack of
representation in Parliament and demanded the same rights as othetr
British subjects. Colonial resistance led to violence in 1770, when
British soldiers opened fire on a mob of colonists, killing five men in
what was known as the Boston Massacre. After December 1773, when
a band of Bostonians dressed as Mohawk Indians boarded British
ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor, an outraged
Parliament passed a series of measures (known as the Intolerable, or
Coercive Acts) designed to reassert imperial authority
in Massachusetts.
 In response, a group of colonial delegates (including George
Washington of Virginia, John and Samuel Adams of
Massachusetts, Patrick Henry of Virginia and John Jay of New York)
met in Philadelphia in September 1774 to give voice to their
grievances against the British crown. This First Continental Congress
did not go so far as to demand independence from Britain, but it
denounced taxation without representation, as well as the maintenance
of the British army in the colonies without their consent, and issued a
declaration of the rights due every citizen, including life, liberty,
property, assembly and trial by jury. The Continental Congress voted
to meet again in May 1775 to consider further action, but by that time
violence had already broken out. On April 19, local militiamen clashed
with British soldiers in Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts,
marking the first shots fired in the Revolutionary War.

Adapted from: http://www.history.com/topics/american-

revolution/american-revolution-history

Choose the correct answer!

1. The word it paragraph 3 refers to

a. Colonial delegates
b. Philadelphia
c. Continental Congress
d. Militiamen.
2. Look at the word their in paragraph 1 refers to
a. The Americans
b. The Rebels
c. The Rogue
d. The Military
3. The word their in paragraph 2 refers to
a. Rebels
 b. American
c. Samuel Adam
d. Colonists

Line Paragraph
The Victorian era was the great age of the English
novelrealistic, thickly plotted, crowded with characters, and
long. It was the ideal form to describe contemporary life and to
entertain the middle class. The novels of Charles Dickens, full to
5 overflowing with drama, humor, and an endless variety of vivid
characters and plot complications, nonetheless spare nothing in
their portrayal of what urban life was like for all classes. William
Makepeace Thackeray is best known for Vanity Fair (1848),
which wickedly satirizes hypocrisy and greed.
10 Emily Bront's single novel, Wuthering Heights (1847),
is a unique masterpiece propelled by a vision of elemental
passions but controlled by an uncompromising artistic sense. The
fine novels of Emily's sister Charlotte Bront, especially Jane
Eyre (1847) and Villette (1853), are more rooted in convention,
15 but daring in their own ways. The novels of George Eliot (Mary
Ann Evans) appeared during the 1860s and 70s, He was
concerned with ethical conflicts and social problems.
George Meredith produced comic novels noted for their
psychological perception. Another novelist of the late 19th cent.
20 was the prolific Anthony Trollope, famous for sequences of
related novels that explore social, ecclesiastical, and political life
in England.
Thomas Hardy's profoundly pessimistic novels are all
set in the harsh, punishing midland county he called Wessex.
25 Samuel Butler produced novels satirizing the Victorian ethos,
and Robert Louis Stevenson, a master of his craft, wrote arresting
adventure fiction and children's verse. The mathematician
Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, writing under the name
Lewis Carroll, He produced the complex and sophisticated
children's classics Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865)
and Through the Looking Glass (1871). Lesser novelists of
considerable merit include Benjamin Disraeli, George Gissing,
Elizabeth Gaskell, and Wilkie Collins. By the end of the period,
the novel was considered not only the premier form of
 entertainment but also a primary means of analyzing and offering
solutions to social and political problems.
Adaptep from:
http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/entertainment/english-
literature-the-victorian-age.html

4. The word it in the line 3 refers to

a. Gahol Amish
b. Gaol Fever
c. Satnit Fever
d. Epidemic
5. The word His in the line 15 refers to
a. Anne Frank
b. Adriana de la Luna
c. Henrique da Rocha Lima
d. Ronnie Nazario da Lime
6. The word He in the line 29 refers to
a. Samuel Butler
b. Robert Louis Stevenson
c. Benjamin Carroll Disraeli
d. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson
Line Paragraph

One of the first written descriptions of the disease

(probably of epidemic typhus) describing rash, sores, delirium,
and about 17,000 deaths of Spanish troops was during the siege
of Granada in 1489. Further descriptions over time termed the
5 disease gaol fever. In 1759, English authorities estimated about
25% of all prisoners in England died because of it per year. In
1760, the disease was named typhus, from the Greek
smoke or stupor because of the symptom of delirium that can
develop. Many typhus epidemics raged throughout Europe for
10 several centuries and they were often related to poor living
conditions brought about by wars. For example, some historians
estimate more of Napoleon's troops were killed by typhus than by
Russian soldiers during their retreat from Moscow in 1812.
Ireland and the Americas recorded several epidemics. In the
15 1830s, over 100,000 Irish died from outbreaks. In the U.S.
between 1837 and 1873, outbreaks were recorded in Philadelphia,
Concord, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.

Henrique da Rocha Lima, a Brazilian doctor, discovered

18
the cause of epidemic typhus in 1916 while doing his research on
typhus in Germany. However, still over 3 million deaths were
attributed to typhus during and after World War I. Delousing
stations were frequently set up to try to reduce the rate of typhus
infection and death among troops and civilians. Even though a
typhus vaccine was developed before World War II, typhus
epidemics continued, especially in German concentration camps
25
during the Holocaust (Anne Frank died in a camp at age 15 from
typhus). Eventually, DDT was used to kill lice at the end of World
War II and only a few epidemics (Africa, Middle East, Eastern
Europe, and Asia) have occurred since then. Because of toxicity,
DDT has been banned in the U.S. since 1972.

Endemic typhus seems to be increasing or perhaps is

being recognized and correctly diagnosed more often in the U.S.
An example is the following: Although endemic typhus is usually
 found in cooler environments, in 2011, Travis County, Texas
(including Austin, Texas) was declared to be endemic for murine
(endemic) typhus with 53 cases diagnosed. California also has
endemic typhus.

Adapted from:

http://www.medicinenet.com/typhus/page3.html

7. The word it in the line 6 refers to

a. English novels
b. Victorian era
c. Characters
d. Plot
8. The word He in the line 15 refers to
a. Anthony Trollope
b. Marry Evans
c. George Eliot
d. Charles Dickens
9. The word He in the line 29 refers to
a. Samuel Butler
b. Robert Louis Stevenson
c. Benjamin Carroll Disraeli
d. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson
KUNCI JAWABAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
LATIHAN 4 STRATEGI READING
TOEFL BOOSTER

The American Revolution (1775-83) is also known as the

American Revolutionary War and the U.S. War of Independence. The
conflict arose from growing tensions between residents of Great
Britains 13 North American colonies and the colonial government,
which represented the British crown. Skirmishes between British
troops and colonial militiamen in Lexington and Concord in April
1775 kicked off the armed conflict, and by the following summer, the
rebels were waging a full-scale war for their independence. France
entered the American Revolution on the side of the colonists in 1778,
turning what had essentially been a civil war into an international
conflict. After French assistance helped the Continental Army force
the British surrender at Yorktown, Virginia, in 1781, the Americans
had effectively won their independence, though fighting would not
formally end until 1783.

For more than a decade before the outbreak of the American

Revolution in 1775, tensions had been building between colonists and
the British authorities. Attempts by the British government to raise
revenue by taxing the colonies (notably the Stamp Act of 1765, the
Townshend Tariffs of 1767 and the Tea Act of 1773) met with heated
protest among many colonists, who resented their lack of
representation in Parliament and demanded the same rights as othetr
British subjects. Colonial resistance led to violence in 1770, when
British soldiers opened fire on a mob of colonists, killing five men in
what was known as the Boston Massacre. After December 1773, when
a band of Bostonians dressed as Mohawk Indians boarded British
ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor, an outraged
Parliament passed a series of measures (known as the Intolerable, or
Coercive Acts) designed to reassert imperial authority
in Massachusetts.

In response, a group of colonial delegates (including George

Washington of Virginia, John and Samuel Adams of
Massachusetts, Patrick Henry of Virginia and John Jay of New York)
met in Philadelphia in September 1774 to give voice to their
grievances against the British crown. This First Continental Congress
did not go so far as to demand independence from Britain, but it
denounced taxation without representation, as well as the maintenance
of the British army in the colonies without their consent, and issued a
declaration of the rights due every citizen, including life, liberty,
property, assembly and trial by jury. The Continental Congress voted
to meet again in May 1775 to consider further action, but by that time
violence had already broken out. On April 19, local militiamen clashed
with British soldiers in Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts,
marking the first shots fired in the Revolutionary War.

Adapted from: http://www.history.com/topics/american-

revolution/american-revolution-history

Choose the correct answer!

1. The word it paragraph 3 refers to

a. Colonial delegates
b. Philadelphia
c. Continental Congress
d. Militiamen.
Pembahasan dan Strategi Menjawab:
Untuk mencari jawaban pertanyaan ini, Anda harus melihat
kalimat sebelum pronoun "it" kata benda tunggal yang
merujuk bukan orang tetapi pada benda, tempat atau
kejadian.
Selanjutnya lihat kalimat sesudahnya, apakah jawaban yang
kita pilih sesuai kalimat selanjutnya
Pada soal ini, maka, jawaban yang benar untuk pertanyaan
ini adalah jawaban (C).

2. Look at the word their in paragraph 1 refers to

a. The Americans
b. The Rebels
c. The Rogue
d. The Military

Pembahasan dan Strategi Menjawab:

Untuk mencari jawaban pertanyaan ini, Anda harus melihat
kalimat sebelum pronoun "their" kata benda jamak yang
merujuk pada banyak orang atau grup.
Selanjutnya lihat kalimat sesudahnya, apakah jawaban yang
kita pilih sesuai kalimat selanjutnya
Pada soal ini, maka, jawaban yang benar untuk pertanyaan
ini adalah jawaban (B).
 3. The word their in paragraph 2 refers to
a. Rebels
b. American
c. Samuel Adam
d. Colonists

Pembahasan dan Strategi Menjawab:

Untuk mencari jawaban pertanyaan ini, Anda harus melihat
kalimat sebelum pronoun "their" kata benda jamak yang
merujuk pada banyak orang atau grup
Selanjutnya lihat kalimat sesudahnya, apakah jawaban yang
kita pilih sesuai kalimat selanjutnya
Pada soal ini, maka, jawaban yang benar untuk pertanyaan
ini adalah jawaban (D).

Line Paragraph
The Victorian era was the great age of the English
novelrealistic, thickly plotted, crowded with characters, and
long. It was the ideal form to describe contemporary life and to
entertain the middle class. The novels of Charles Dickens, full to
5 overflowing with drama, humor, and an endless variety of vivid
characters and plot complications, nonetheless spare nothing in
their portrayal of what urban life was like for all classes. William
Makepeace Thackeray is best known for Vanity Fair (1848),
which wickedly satirizes hypocrisy and greed.
10 Emily Bront's single novel, Wuthering Heights (1847),
is a unique masterpiece propelled by a vision of elemental
passions but controlled by an uncompromising artistic sense. The
 fine novels of Emily's sister Charlotte Bront, especially Jane
Eyre (1847) and Villette (1853), are more rooted in convention,
15 but daring in their own ways. The novels of George Eliot (Mary
Ann Evans) appeared during the 1860s and 70s, He was
concerned with ethical conflicts and social problems.
George Meredith produced comic novels noted for their
psychological perception. Another novelist of the late 19th cent.
20 was the prolific Anthony Trollope, famous for sequences of
related novels that explore social, ecclesiastical, and political life
in England.
Thomas Hardy's profoundly pessimistic novels are all
set in the harsh, punishing midland county he called Wessex.
25 Samuel Butler produced novels satirizing the Victorian ethos,
and Robert Louis Stevenson, a master of his craft, wrote arresting
adventure fiction and children's verse. The mathematician
Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, writing under the name
Lewis Carroll, He produced the complex and sophisticated
children's classics Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865)
and Through the Looking Glass (1871). Lesser novelists of
considerable merit include Benjamin Disraeli, George Gissing,
Elizabeth Gaskell, and Wilkie Collins. By the end of the period,
the novel was considered not only the premier form of
entertainment but also a primary means of analyzing and offering
solutions to social and political problems.
Adaptep from:
http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/entertainment/english-
literature-the-victorian-age.html

4. The word it in the line 3 refers to

a. Gahol Amish
b. Gaol Fever
c. Satnit Fever
d. Epidemic
Pembahasan dan Strategi Menjawab:
Untuk mencari jawaban pertanyaan ini, Anda harus melihat
kalimat sebelum pronoun "it" kata benda tunggal yang
merujuk bukan orang tetapi pada benda, tempat atau
kejadian.
Selanjutnya lihat kalimat sesudahnya, apakah jawaban yang
kita pilih sesuai kalimat selanjutnya
Pada soal ini, maka, jawaban yang benar untuk pertanyaan
ini adalah jawaban (B).

5. The word His in the line 15 refers to

a. Anne Frank
b. Adriana de la Luna
c. Henrique da Rocha Lima
d. Ronnie Nazario da Lime

Pembahasan dan Strategi Menjawab:

Untuk mencari jawaban pertanyaan ini, Anda harus melihat
kalimat sebelum pronoun "His" kata benda tunggal yang
merujuk orang Pria.
Selanjutnya lihat kalimat sesudahnya, apakah jawaban yang
kita pilih sesuai kalimat selanjutnya
Pada soal ini, maka, jawaban yang benar untuk pertanyaan
ini adalah jawaban (C).
 6. The word He in the line 29 refers to
a. Samuel Butler
b. Robert Louis Stevenson
c. Benjamin Carroll Disraeli
d. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson

Pembahasan dan Strategi Menjawab:

Untuk mencari jawaban pertanyaan ini, Anda harus melihat
kalimat sebelum pronoun "He" kata benda tunggal yang
merujuk pada orang Pria.
Selanjutnya lihat kalimat sesudahnya, apakah jawaban yang
kita pilih sesuai kalimat selanjutnya
Pada soal ini, maka, jawaban yang benar untuk pertanyaan
ini adalah jawaban (D).

Line Paragraph

One of the first written descriptions of the disease

(probably of epidemic typhus) describing rash, sores, delirium,
and about 17,000 deaths of Spanish troops was during the siege
of Granada in 1489. Further descriptions over time termed the
5 disease gaol fever. In 1759, English authorities estimated about
25% of all prisoners in England died because of it per year. In
1760, the disease was named typhus, from the Greek
smoke or stupor because of the symptom of delirium that can
develop. Many typhus epidemics raged throughout Europe for
10 several centuries and they were often related to poor living
conditions brought about by wars. For example, some historians
estimate more of Napoleon's troops were killed by typhus than by
Russian soldiers during their retreat from Moscow in 1812.
 Ireland and the Americas recorded several epidemics. In the
15 1830s, over 100,000 Irish died from outbreaks. In the U.S.
between 1837 and 1873, outbreaks were recorded in Philadelphia,
Concord, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.

Henrique da Rocha Lima, a Brazilian doctor, discovered

18
the cause of epidemic typhus in 1916 while doing his research on
typhus in Germany. However, still over 3 million deaths were
attributed to typhus during and after World War I. Delousing
stations were frequently set up to try to reduce the rate of typhus
infection and death among troops and civilians. Even though a
typhus vaccine was developed before World War II, typhus
epidemics continued, especially in German concentration camps
25
during the Holocaust (Anne Frank died in a camp at age 15 from
typhus). Eventually, DDT was used to kill lice at the end of World
War II and only a few epidemics (Africa, Middle East, Eastern
Europe, and Asia) have occurred since then. Because of toxicity,
DDT has been banned in the U.S. since 1972.

Endemic typhus seems to be increasing or perhaps is

being recognized and correctly diagnosed more often in the U.S.
An example is the following: Although endemic typhus is usually
found in cooler environments, in 2011, Travis County, Texas
(including Austin, Texas) was declared to be endemic for murine
(endemic) typhus with 53 cases diagnosed. California also has
endemic typhus.

Adapted from:

http://www.medicinenet.com/typhus/page3.html
 7. The word it in the line 6 refers to
a. English novels
b. Victorian era
c. Characters
d. Plot

Pembahasan dan Strategi Menjawab:

Untuk mencari jawaban pertanyaan ini, Anda harus melihat
kalimat sebelum pronoun "it" kata benda tunggal yang
merujuk bukan orang tetapi pada benda, tempat atau
kejadian.
Selanjutnya lihat kalimat sesudahnya, apakah jawaban yang
kita pilih sesuai kalimat selanjutnya
Pada soal ini, maka, jawaban yang benar untuk pertanyaan
ini adalah jawaban (A).

8. The word He in the line 15 refers to

a. Anthony Trollope
b. Marry Evans
c. George Eliot
d. Charles Dickens

Pembahasan dan Strategi Menjawab:

Untuk mencari jawaban pertanyaan ini, Anda harus melihat
kalimat sebelum pronoun "His" kata benda tunggal yang
merujuk orang Pria.
 Selanjutnya lihat kalimat sesudahnya, apakah jawaban yang
kita pilih sesuai kalimat selanjutnya
Pada soal ini, maka, jawaban yang benar untuk pertanyaan
ini adalah jawaban (C).

9. The word He in the line 29 refers to

a. Samuel Butler
b. Robert Louis Stevenson
c. Benjamin Carroll Disraeli
d. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson

Pembahasan dan Strategi Menjawab:

Untuk mencari jawaban pertanyaan ini, Anda harus melihat
kalimat sebelum pronoun "His" kata benda tunggal yang
merujuk pada orang Pria.
Selanjutnya lihat kalimat sesudahnya, apakah jawaban yang
kita pilih sesuai kalimat selanjutnya
Pada soal ini, maka, jawaban yang benar untuk pertanyaan
ini adalah jawaban (D).
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