VOLUME IIIA - The Specfications - Concrete Works PDF

ZONE 1 BLOCK 2 BUILDINGS MX-01 & MX-04
SPECIFICATION 03 11 00
CONCRETE FORMING
SECTION: 03 11 00
EMPLOYER: LIMITLESS LLC CONCRETE FORMING
PAGE 1
APRIL 2015
PROJECT: DOWNTOWN JABEL ALI ZONE-1 BLOCK-2 REVISION: 0
BUILDINGS MX05 (PACKAGE-2)
MAIN WORK TENDER
COMPLETION OF REMAINING WORKS
SECTION 03 11 00
CONCRETE FORMING
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART 1 GENERAL
1.01 SECTION INCLUDES.3
1.02 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT...3
1.03 REFERENCES........3
1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE.3
1.05 SUBMITTALS......4
1.06 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING...5
1.07 JOB CONDITIONS..5
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS.5
2.02 FABRICATION.6
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 LAYOUT OF FORMWORK7

3.02 CONSTRUCTION7
3.03 EMBEDDED ITEMS AND OPENINGS IN CONCRETE8
3.04 FORM RELEASE MATERIAL9
3.05 REMOVAL OF FORMS..9
3.06 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL10
3.07 DETECTION OF MOVEMENT10
3.08 RE-USE OF FORMS.10
SECTION: 03 11 00
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APRIL 2015
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SECTION 03 11 00
CONCRETE FORMING
PART 1 GENERAL
1.01 SECTION INCLUDES
A. Layout of formwork.
B. Formwork construction.
C. Embedded items and openings in concrete.
D. Form release materials.
E. Removal of forms.
F. Field quality control.
G. Detection of movement.
H. Re-use of forms.
1.02 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
A. Measurement: Concrete formwork will not be measured separately for

payment.
B. Payment: Concrete formwork will be paid for as part of the indicated Contract
unit price or lump-sum price for the associated cast-in-place concrete work as
indicated in the Bid Schedule of the Bid Form.
1.03 REFERENCES
A. American Concrete Institute (ACI)
1. ACI 117 Standard Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete

Construction and Materials.
2. ACI 301 Standard Specifications for Structural Concrete.
3. ACI 318 M Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete.
4. ACI 347 Formwork for Concrete.
1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Formwork Standards: Unless otherwise indicated, design, construct, erect,

maintain, and remove forms and related structures for concrete work in
accordance with applicable requirements of ACI 301, ACI 318 M and ACI
347.
SECTION: 03 11 00
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1. Architectural Concrete: Forms of architectural concrete shall be

designed and constructed in accordance with ACI 301.
2. Deflection: Where dead and live loads on forms will be more than 20
percent greater than the weight of the concrete, provide framing
lumber of required strength, and comply with ACI 301 and ACI 347
for design of framing members. Deflection shall be kept within the
herein specified tolerances.
3. Concrete Mix Design: Design of formwork shall be coordinated with

the concrete mix design, so that form materials, form surfaces, and
formwork strength will produce the desired concrete tolerances and
finishes.
B. Formwork Surface Materials: Provide material and work quality which will
produce clean and uniform finished surfaces within the allowable tolerances
specified and which will confirm with the following requirements:
1. Concrete Exposed to View: Provide material and work quality that will
produce clean, smooth, and uniform concrete surfaces. Refer to
Section 03 30 00 Cast in Place Concrete, and ACI 301 for
requirements.
2. Concrete Concealed from View: Provide material and work quality

that will produce aligned concrete surfaces free of fins, honeycomb,
and stains.
C. Special Formwork Sections: Provide openings, offsets, sinkages, keyways,

recesses, moldings, rustication strips, chamfers, blocking, screeds,
bulkheads, anchorages, embedded items, and other features. Select
materials and provide workmanship that will ensure indicated finishes.
D. Chamfered Corners: All external corners shall be chamfered, unless

otherwise indicated.
E. Removal Features: Design formwork to be readily removable without impact,

shock, and damage to concrete surfaces and adjacent materials.
F. Tolerances for Formed Surfaces: For buildings and similar structures, comply
with the requirements of ACI 301, as applicable. For those items of work or
parts of the structure not covered by ACI 301, comply with the requirements
of ACI 117, as applicable. Coordinate with the requirements specified in
Section 03 30 00 Cast in Place Concrete.
1.05 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Refer to Section 01 33 00 Submittal Procedures, Product Data,

and Samples, for submittal requirements and procedures.
B. Shop Drawings: Submit drawings that indicate and include the following
SECTION: 03 11 00
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details and requirements:
1. Forming system and method of erection with associated details.
2. Shoring accompanied by design calculations. Include re-shoring

procedures.
3. Locations of construction joints in plan and elevation views.
4. Locations and sizes of conduits, openings, recesses, pipes, ducts,

and other attached or embedded products.
5. Beam intersections and other conditions where concrete casting by
vertical drop may be restricted.
6. Chamfer strips for corner treatment.
7. Method and schedule for removing forms and shoring.
8. Method of detecting formwork movement during concrete placement.
C. Product Data: Submit manufacturers product data for manufactured

products.
D. Samples: Submit form material, 300mm by 300mm of larger in size, for

formed concrete which will be exposed in the finished work to public view.
Such samples require approval of the Engineer before they may be used in
the work.
1.06 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A. Storage: Store form panels to prevent warpage. Protect panels from damage
and contamination which could adversely affect concrete.
B. Handling: Lift form panels by methods that will protect panels from damage
and distortion.
1.07 JOB CONDITIONS
A. Allow sufficient time between erection of forms and placing of concrete for the
various trades to properly install concrete reinforcement, embedded items,
sleeves, and block-outs.
B. Do not apply superimposed loads to the structure until concrete has

developed its specified 28-day compressive strength.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS
A. Steel Forms: Proprietary, patented, or fabricated steel forms, using standard

or commercial quality, uncoated steel sheet or plate, 5mm minimum
thickness, for panel facings. Provide surfaces that will not impart corrosion
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residue to concrete. Include panel framing, reinforcement, and erection
accessories.
B. Waffle Slab Forms: Not applicable.
C. Round Column Forms: Pressed or molded fiber-reinforced plastic or steel,

manufactured round column forms, seamless or one piece (one vertical
seam), smooth surface, of sizes indicated.
1. Provide forms which will not deflect under pressure of concrete

placement, and which will not deflect or blow off under added
pressure of placement of concrete.
D. Form liners for Exposed and Architectural Concrete: Thermally formed,

pressed or molded fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), ABS alloy plastic, PVC alloy
plastic, or similar material, manufactured to produce finished concrete of
design, configuration, and surface texture indicated. Form liners shall be
continuous, one piece. No horizontal joints shall be acceptable unless the
applicable height exceeds the available form liner height. Provide form liners
with inherent form-release surface. Form liners may be manufactured for
single-use or multi-use service as appropriate.
E. Leakage Control Materials: Provide materials capable of producing flush,

watertight, and non-absorbent surfaces and joints, and compatible with
forming material and concrete ingredients. Seal form edges with gasketing
material or sealant placed in the joint in such a way that neither a fin nor
groove is made in the face of the cast concrete.
1. Calking Compound: Silicone or polyurethane construction.
2. Tapes: Form film tape of polypropylene plastic treated with

waterproof adhesive, for joint conditions not exposed to public view.
F. Form Release Agent: Commercial formulation, silicone-free form-release

agent, designed for use on all types of forms, which will not bond with, stain,
nor adversely affect concrete surfaces, and which will not impair subsequent
treatment of concrete surfaces requiring bond or adhesion nor impede
wetting of surfaces which will be cured with water, steam, or curing
compounds.
G. Plugged Cone Form Ties: Rod type, with ends or end fasteners which can be
removed without spalling the concrete and which leave a hole equal in depth
to the required reinforcement clearance. Form ties shall be of a design in
which the hole left by the removed end or end fastener is easily filled to
match the surface of the hardened concrete. Provide removable cones 1-1/4
inches in diameter by 1-1/2 inches deep. Provide preformed mortar plugs to
match the color of the concrete, recessed 1/4 inch, adhered with an approved
epoxy adhesive.
H. Inserts: Cast stainless steel or welded stainless steel, Type 316 or similar
300 Series, complete with anchors to concrete and fittings such as bolts,
wedges, and straps. Provide hanger inserts spaced to match grid of
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APRIL 2015
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suspended ceiling.
I. Dovetail Anchor Slots: 22 gage or heavier galvanized steel dovetail anchor

slots, for anchoring of masonry veneer with galvanized steel dovetail anchors
provided under Division 4, Masonry.
J. Chamfer Strips: 20mm by 20mm triangular fillets milled from clear, straight-
grain pine, surfaced each side, or extruded vinyl type with or without nailing
flange.
K. Miscellaneous Joint Strips: Preformed strips of reveals, rustications, and

similar joints fabricated of wood, metal, or plastic.
2.02 FABRICATION
A. Formwork General: Fabricate forms in accordance with approved Shop

Drawings. Maintain forms clean smooth, and free form imperfections and
distortion. Fabricate forms for architectural concrete in accordance with
applicable requirements of ACI 301.
B. Joints:
1. Arrange form panels in symmetrical patterns conforming to general

lines if the structure.
2. Unless otherwise indicated, orient panels on vertical surfaces with

long dimension horizontal, and make horizontal joints level and
continuous.
3. Align form panels on each side of the panel joint with fasteners
common to both panels and in a manner which will result in a
continuous, unbroken concrete plane surface.
C. Steel Forms: Use material which is clean, smooth, and free from warps,
bends, kinks, rust, cracks, and matter which may stain concrete. Fabricate
panels in accordance with approved Shop Drawings. Deflection between
form supports from concrete placement shall not exceed 1/240 of the span
length.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 LAYOUT OF FORMWORK
A. Locate and stake out all forms and establish all lines, levels, and elevations.
3.02 CONSTRUCTION
A. Formwork:
1. Construct formwork in accordance with the approved Shop Drawings,

and in a manner that will produce finished concrete surfaces
conforming to indicated design and within specified tolerances.
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Formwork for concrete not exposed to view in the finished work may
be constructed of any material that will adequately support the weight
of the concrete.
2. Make joint and seams mortar-tight. Install leakage control materials

in accordance with the manufacturers installation instructions, and in
a manner that will maintain a smooth continuity of plane between
abutting form panels and which will resist displacement by concreting
operations.
3. Kerf wood inserts for forming keyways, reglets, and recesses in a

manner that will prevent swelling and ensure ease of removal.
4. Maintain forms clean and free from indentations and warpage. Do not
use rust-stained steel surfaces for forms in contact with concrete. Do
not sandblast steel form surfaces to remove rust or mill scale;
remove these imperfections by grinding.
5. Brace temporary closures to prevent warpage or displacement and

set tightly against forms in a manner that will prevent loss of concrete
mortar.
6. Support joints with extra studs or girts, and in a manner that will
ensure true, square intersections.
7. Assemble forms in a manner that will facilitate their removal without

damage to the concrete.
8. Construct molding shapes, recesses, and projections with smooth

finish materials and install in forms with sealed joints
9. Provide camber in formwork as required to compensate for

deflections caused by weight and pressures of fresh concrete and
construction loads and as otherwise indicated. Provide camber strips
to compensate for deflections due to permanent loads and long term
deflections due to shrinkage and creep as required.
10. Provide construction openings in forms where required for concrete

pour pockets, vibrator access holes, and inspection openings to aid
in proper placement and consolidation of concrete, and close up
openings during placement of concrete as applicable.
11. Provide inspection and cleanout openings in forms at bottom of walls

and columns and elsewhere as required. Do not close cleanouts until
inspected and accepted by the Engineer just before placing concrete.
12. Drill air escape holes in bottom members of block-outs.
13. Ensure that formed stair risers within a stair run are equal.
B. Edge Forms and Screeds for Slabs: Set edge forms or bulkheads and
intermediate screeds for slabs to obtain required elevations and contours in
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APRIL 2015
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the finished slabs surface. Support screeds substantially without penetrating
water proof membranes and vapor barriers.
C. Corner Treatment: Form Chamfers with 20mm on each leg, unless

otherwise indicated, and accurately shape and surface in a manner which will
produce uniformly straight lines and edge joints and which will prevent mortar
runs. Extend terminals edges to limits, and miter chamfer strips at changes in
direction.
D. Construction Joints:
1. Locate joints as indicated. Support forms for joints in concrete so as

to rigidly maintain their positions during placement, vibration, and
curing of concrete. Install keys in all joints.
2. Locate and install construction joints, for which locations are not
indicated, so as not to impair strength and appearance of the
structure, and indicate such joints on Shop Drawings. Locations of
construction joints require approval of the Engineer.
3. Position joints perpendicular to longitudinal axis of pier, beam or slab

as the case may be.
4. Locate joints in walls, vertically as indicated; at top of footing; at top

of slabs on grade; at bottom of door openings; and at underside of
the deepest beam or girder framing into wall; or as required to
conform to indicated details.
5. Provide keyways as indicated in construction joints in walls and

slabs, and between walls and footings unless otherwise indicated.
Place construction joints perpendicular to the main reinforcement.
Continue reinforcement across construction joints.
3.03 EMBEDDED ITEMS AND OPENINGS IN CONCRETE
A. Install conduit, pipe sleeves, waterstops, appliance boxes, frames for items
recessed in walls, door frames, drains, metal ties, inserts, nailing strips,
blocking, grounds, and other fastening devices required for anchorage or
attachment of other work. Firmly secure products in position, located
accurately as indicated, before beginning concrete placement.
B. Provide openings in concrete for passage of ducts, and provide clearances

therefore as indicated on approved Shop Drawings.
C. Where masonry walls will be tied to concrete construction in future

construction, use dovetail anchor slots positioned for maximum flexibility for
masonry installation.
SECTION: 03 11 00
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APRIL 2015
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3.04 FORM RELEASE MATERIAL
A. Coat form contact surfaces with approved form release material before
reinforcement is placed. Do not allow excess form release material to
accumulate in the forms or to come into contact with surfaces that are
required to be bonded to fresh concrete such as reinforcement and
embedded items. Apply form release material in compliance with
manufacturers application instructions.
B. Coat steel forms with non-staining, rust-preventive form release material or

otherwise protect against rusting.
C. Apply form release material to bolts and rods that are to be removed or that
are to be free to move.
3.05 REMOVAL OF FORMS
A. Remove forms by methods which will not injure, mar, gouge, or chip concrete
surfaces, overstress concrete members, or distort formwork. Use air pressure
or other approved methods. Do not pry against concrete. Cut off nails flush.
Leave surfaces clean and unblemished.
1. Where early form removal is not necessary and will not impact the
Contractors schedule leave forms in place at least 72 hours, unless
otherwise approved by the Engineer.
C. When repair of surface defects or finishing is required at an early age, forms

may be removed as soon as the concrete has hardened sufficiently to resist
damage from removal operations and its own weight.
A. Top forms on sloping surfaces of concrete may be removed as soon as the

concrete has attained sufficient stiffness to prevent sagging. Any needed
repairs or treatment required on such sloping surfaces shall be performed at
once and shall be followed by the specified curing.
D. Wood forms for wall openings shall be loosened as soon as this can be
accomplished without damage to concrete.
E. Formwork for columns, walls sides of beams, and other parts nor supporting
the weight of the concrete may be removed as soon as the concrete has
hardened sufficiently so as not to be damaged by removal operations.
F. Forms and shoring in the formwork used to support the weight of concrete in
beams, suspended slabs, girders, and other structural members shall remain
in place until the concrete has reached adequate strength and stiffness to
support itself. Forms shall not be removed before the concrete has reached a
minimum of 70 percent of the indicated design compressive strength, unless

otherwise approved in writing by the Engineer.
G. When shores and other vertical supports are so arranged that the non load
carrying form-facing material may be removed without loosening or disturbing
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the shores and supports, the facing material may be removed at an earlier
age provided the concrete surfaces are not damaged by such earlier
removal.
H. Plan re-shoring operations in a manner that will ensure that areas of new
construction will not be required to support their own weight. Re-shoring shall
be in place before shoring is removed. During re-shoring, do not permit live
loads on new construction. Do not locate reshores in a manner and location
that will overstress members or induce tensile stresses where reinforcing
bars have not been provided.
I. When removal of formwork or re-shoring is based on the concrete reaching a

specified strength, the concrete shall be presumed to have reached this
strength when test cylinders, field cured along with the concrete they present,
have reached the strength specified for removal of formwork or re-shoring.
3.06 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Before placing concrete, check lines and grades of erected formwork and
positioning of embedded inserts, block-outs, and joints for correctness. Verify
that embedded piping and conduit are free from obstructions. Make
corrections or adjustments to ensure proper size and location of concrete
members and stability of forming systems.
B. While placing concrete, provide quality control to assure that formwork and
related supports have not been placed, that loss of cement paste through
joints is prevented, and that completed work will be within specified
tolerances.
C. During form removal, verify that architectural features meet the form and
texture requirements of the samples approved by the Engineer.
3.07 DETECTION OF MOVEMENT
A. Check movement using methods, such as plumb lines, tell tales, and survey
equipment, to detect movement of formwork during concrete placement.
3.08 RE-USE OF FORMS
A. Clean and repair surfaces of forms to be reused in the work. Split,

frayed, delaminated, or otherwise damaged form facing material will not
be acceptable. Remove such material from the site. Apply form release
coating as specified for new formwork.
B. Align and secure joints in a manner that will preclude offsets. Do not use
patched forms for exposed concrete surfaces.
END OF SECTION 03 11 00
EMPLOYER: LIMITLESS LLC
SECTION: 03 15 00
CONCRETE ACCESSORIES
PAGE 1
PROJECT: DOWNTOWN JABEL ALI ZONE-1 BLOCK-2 APRIL 2015
REVISION: 0
BUILDINGS MX05 (PACKAGE-2) MAIN WORK TENDER
SECTION: 03 15 00
PAGE 2
REVISION: 0
SECTION 03 15 00
CONRETE ACCESSORIES
PART 1 GENERAL
A. Joint Fillers.
B. Joint Sealing Compound.
C. Elastomeric Joint Seals.
D. Plastic Pads, Spacers, and Fillers.
1.02 RELATED SECTIONS
A. Concrete Formwork as specified in Section 03 11 00. B.
Concrete Reinforcing as specified in Section 03 20 00.
C. Cast in Place Concrete as specified in Section 03 30 00.
A. Measurement: Concrete accessories will not be measured separately for

payment.
B. Payment: Concrete accessories will be paid for as part of the indicated

Contract unit price or lump-sum price for the associated concrete as indicated
in the Bid Schedule of the Bid Form.
1.04 REFERENCES
1. ASTM C272 Test Method for Water Absorption of Core Materials

for Structural Sandwich Constructions.
2. ASTM C578 Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal

Insulation.
3. ASTM D994 Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for

Concrete (Bituminous Type).
4. ASTM D1190 Specification for Concrete Joint Sealer, Hot

Applied Elastic Type.
5. ASTM D1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid

Cellular Plastics.
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6. ASTM D1622 Test Method of Apparent Density of Rigid Cellular

Plastics.
7. ASTM D1751 Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler

for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction
(Non-extruding and Resilient Bituminous Types).
8. ASTM D2628 Specification for Preformed Polychloroprene

Elastomeric Joint Seals for Concrete Pavements.
9. ASTM D3405 Specification for Joint Sealants, Hot-Applied, for

Concrete and Asphalt Pavements.
10. ASTM D3406 Specification for Joint Sealant, Hot-Applied,

Elastomeric-Type, for Portland Cement Concrete
Pavements.
11. ASTM D3542 Specification for Preformed Polychloroprene

Elastomeric Joint Seals for Bridges.
12. ASTM E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of

Building Materials.
1.05 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Refer to Section 01 33 00 Submittal Procedures, for submittal

requirements and procedures.
B. Shop Drawings: Submit drawings showing locations of all joints to be filled

and sealed.
C. Product Data: Submit manufacturers product data of joint fillers, sealing

compounds, elastomeric joint seals, and plastic materials, verifying
compliance with specified requirements.
D. Samples: Submit 300mm long sample of joint filler and elastomeric joint seals
and one pint can of sealing compound.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS
A. Joint Filler: Pre-molded, of sizes and thickness indicated, conforming to

ASTM D994 or ASTM D1751, as applicable.
1. For structural joints and joints subject to movement, provide elastomeric

joint seals conforming to ASTM D2628 or ASTM D3542, as applicable.
B. Joint Sealing Compound: Concrete joint sealant, conforming to ASTM D1190,

ASTM D3405, or ASTM D3406, as applicable, for sealing of expansion
(isolation) and contraction (control) joints in slabs and at junctions of slabs
and vertical surfaces.
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Color of joint sealant shall be selected by the Engineer from manufacturers

standards.
1. For asphalt pavements, provide ASTM D3405 sealant only. For concrete
pavements and roadways, provide ASTM D3406 sealant only.
C. Elastomeric Joint Seals: Performed solid or multi-web design, virgin

crystallization-resistant polychloroprene (neoprene) conforming with ASTM
D2628 or ASTM D3542, as applicable. Seals shall be designed to function in
a compressed installation mode.
1. Lubricant Adhesive: ASTM D2628 or ASTM D3542, as applicable.
D. Plastic Pads, Spacers, and Fillers: Extruded closed-cell polystyrene rigid

board meeting requirements of ASTM C578, Type V.
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PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 EXAMINATION
A. Verify that joint surfaces are dry to the extent necessary for successful
sealant application and long service life as recommended by the sealant
manufacturer.
B. Verify also that ambient and concrete-surface temperatures and humidity are
within the ranges recommended by the manufacturer for successful sealant
application.
3.02 PREPARATION
A. Thoroughly clean joints free of dirt, debris, dust, and laitance.
B. Prime joint surfaces, where required, as recommended by the manufacturer

of the joint sealing compound or elastomeric joint seal, as applicable.
C. Mix multi-component sealing compound as recommended by the

manufacturer.
3.03 INSTALLATION
A. Installation/Application Requirements: Joint fillers and sealing compound

shall be installed in accordance with the respective manufacturers
installation and application instructions. Comply also with ASTM D1190,
ASTM D3405, Appendix XI, and ASTM D3406, Appendix XI, for application of
sealants, as applicable. Coordinate the placement of joint fillers and securing
them in position with the work of Section 03 11 00 Concrete Formwork.
B. Expansion (Isolation) Joints:
1. Provide premolded joint filler to full depth of slabs, less 12mm. Install
joint filler with top edge 12mm below the surface, and tool adjacent
concrete edges to a 6m radius. Use steel pins to hold material in
place during placing and floating of concrete. Finished joints shall be
tight and leakproof.
2. After a minimum of 28 days after slabs have been placed and

finished, fill expansion joints with joint sealing compound to 3mm
below surface of slabs. No traffic shall be permitted to travel over
sealed joints until sealing compound has properly cured.
3. Refer to the related section else where in these specifications for the
expansion joints requirements
C. Contraction (Control) Joints: Saw-cut contraction joints and weakened plane

joints shall be filled with joint sealing compound in areas and locations
indicated. Joints shall be filled and tooled flush to within 2 mm of the slab
surface.
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D. Roadways: Provide elastomeric joint seals as applicable to the conditions.

Install as indicated and in accordance with the manufacturers installation
instructions and recommendations.
E. Plastics Pads, Spacers, and Fillers: Install as indicated over or against clean
surfaces. Apply adhesive where required to hold material in place.
END OF SECTION 03
SECTION: 03 15 15
ELASTOMERIC BEARING PADS
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SECTION: 03 15 15
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BUILDINGS MX01 & MX04 (PACKAGE-1) MAIN WORK TENDER
PART 1 GENERAL
A. Plain elastomeric bearing pads.
B. Fabric-reinforced laminated bearing pads.
C. Steel-reinforced laminated bearing pads.
A. Measurement: Elastomeric bearing pads will not be measured separately for

payment.
B. Payment: Elastomeric bearing pads will be paid for as part of the indicated
Contract unit price or lump-sum price for the associated concrete work as
indicated in the Bid Schedule of the Bid Form.
1.03 REFERENCES
A. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

(AASHTO):
1. AASHTO M251 Plain and Laminated Elastomeric Bridge

Bearings.
B. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
1. ASTM A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
2. ASTM A570/A570M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,

Carbon, Hot-Rolled, Structural Quality.
3. ASTM A611 Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon

Cold-Rolled, Structural Quality.
4. ASTM D395 Test Methods for Rubber Property

Compression Set.
5. ASTM D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and

Thermoplastic Rubbers and Thermoplastic
Elastomers.
6. ASTM D429 Test Methods for Rubber Property

Adhesive to Rigid Substrates.
7. ASTM D518 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration

Surface Cracking.
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8. ASTM D573 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration in an
Air Oven.
9. ASTM D1149 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration

Surface Ozone Cracking in a Chamber.
10. ASTM D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property -

Durometer Hardness.
11. ASTM D4014 Specification for Plain and Steel-Laminated

Elastomeric Bearings for Bridges.
1.04 DEFINITIONS
A. As used in these Specifications, the word elastomer or elastomeric means

rubber; the words are interchangeable.
1.05 SUBMITTALS

B. Product Data: Submit manufacturers product data of elastomeric bearing

pads for review.
C. Samples: Furnish one sample elastomeric bearing pad for each type of pad
used in the Work. Samples will be selected by the Engineer random from the
lots delivered to the job site.
D. Certificates of Compliance: Submit certificates of compliance certifying that

materials and fabrication of elastomeric bearing pads comply with these
Specifications as applicable.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 TYPES OF BEARING PADS
A. Plain Elastomeric Type: Molded elastomeric compound, or cut from

previously molded strips or slabs, or extruded and cut to length, with smooth
faces and cut edges.
B. Fabric-Reinforced Laminated Type: Laminated pads consisting of alternate

layers of elastomeric compound and glass fabric reinforcement bonded
together, with top and bottom layers of reinforcement uniformly covered with
3mm of elastomer.
C. Steel-Reinforcement Laminated Type: Laminated pads consisting of

alternating steel laminates and internal elastomer laminates bonded together,
with top and bottom layers of steel reinforcement uniformly covered with 6mm
of elastomer. Exposed sides shall be covered with 3mm of elastomer.
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2.02 MATERIALS
A. Elastomeric Compound/Elastomer: Virgin crystallization-resistant

polychloroprene as the raw elastomer. Physical requirements of the
elastomeric compound include the following:
1. Physical Properties:
a. Hardness: ASTM D2240, Type D durometer, 60, plus or

minus 6.
b. Tensile Strength: ASTM D412, 2500 psi minimum.
c. Ultimate Elongation: ASTM D412, 350 percent minimum.
2. Heat Resistance: ASTM D573, 48 Hours at 212 degrees F.

SECTION: 03 15 15
PAGE 5
REVISION: 0
a. Change in durometer hardness: plus 15 points maximum.
b. Change in tensile strength: minus 15 percent maximum.
c. Change in ultimate elongation: minus 40 percent

maximum.
3. Compression Set: ASTM D395, Method B, 22 hours at 212 degrees

F: 35 percent maximum.
4. Ozone Cracking: ASTM D1149, 100 pphm ozone in air by volume, 20

percent strain, 104 plus or minus 2 degrees F, 100 hours mounting
procedure A in accordance with ASTM D518: no cracks.
5. Adhesion: ASTM D429, Method B, bond made during vulcanization:

40 pounds per square inch.
B. Fabric Laminates: Fabric reinforcement shall be woven from one-hundred

percent glass fibers of E type yarn with continuous fibers. Minimum thread
count in either direction shall be 25 threads per 25mm. Fabric shall have
either a crow foot or an 8 Harness Satin weave. Each ply of fabric shall have
a breaking strength of not less than 800 pounds per inch of width in each
direction. Fabric reinforcement shall be single ply at top and bottom surfaces
of the pad and double ply within the pad.
C. Steel Laminates: Steel for internal reinforcement laminates shall conform

with the following requirements as indicated:
1. Steel 5mm Thick and Over: Steel plate conforming to ASTM

A36/A36M.
2. Steel Under 5mm Thick: Steel sheet conforming to ASTM

A570/A570M, Grade C or D, or ASTM A611, Grade C or D.
D. Adhesive: Adhesive for the installation of bearing pads to concrete and steel
bearing surfaces shall be a solvent-free adhesive as appropriate for this
particular installation.
2.03 FABRICATION
A. Plain elastomer bearing pads and laminated steel bearing pads shall conform
to the applicable requirements of ASTM D4014. Laminated fabric bearing
pads shall conform to the applicable requirements of AASHTO M251.
B. Pads 12.5mm or less in thickness shall be either all elastomer or laminated.

Pads over 12.5mm thick shall be laminated. Stacking of individually
laminated pads to attain thickness over 12.5mm is not applicable.
C. Plain elastomer bearing pads shall be molded individually, or cut from

previously molded strips or slabs, or extruded and cut to size. Cutting shall
produce a smooth surface and no heating of the elastomer.
SECTION: 03 15 15
PAGE 6
REVISION: 0
D. Laminated pads shall have reinforcement every 12.5mm through the entire
thickness. Reinforcement shall be parallel to the top and bottom surfaces of
the pad. Elastomer and reinforcement together shall not exceed 12.5mm in
thickness per lamination.
E. Laminated bearing pads shall be molded as a single unit under pressure and
heat. Bonding of elastomer to reinforcement laminates shall be carried out
during molding. Elastomer at under edges of bonds to external load plates
shall be shaped to avoid stress concentrations.
F. Internal steel laminates shall be free of sharp edges. Top and bottom steel
laminates shall be covered uniformly with 6mm of elastomer. Sides shall be
covered uniformly with 3mm of elastomer.
G. External load plates shall be protected from rusting.
H. Comply with ASTM D4014 for fabrication tolerances.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 INSTALLATION
A. Install elastomeric bearing pads at locations indicated in accordance with

indicated details.
B. Apply adhesive to clean concrete bearing surface to a minimum thickness of

3mm, and set bearing pads on adhesive bed as indicated.
CONCRETE REINFORCING
SECTION: 03 20 00
CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT
PAGE 2
REVISION: 0
SECTION 03 20 00
CONRETE REINFORCING
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART 1 GENERAL
1.01 SECTION INCLUDES...............3
1.02 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT...3
1.03 REFERENCES........4
1.04 SUBMITTALS......5
1.05 QUALITY ASSURANCE........6
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS.8
2.02 FABRICATION.9
2.03 IDENTIFICATION......10
2.04 REINFORCING STEEL FOR DUCT BANKS10
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 VERIFICATION OF CONDITIONS.10

3.02 PLACING....10
3.03 PROTECTIVE CONCRETE COVER.12
3.04 CLEANING.12
3.05 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL..................................................................................12
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 3
REVISION: 0
SECTION 03 20 00
CONCRETE REINFORCING
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Steel reinforcing bars.
B. Reserved.
C. Reserved.
D. Reserved
E. Welded steel wire fabric.
F. Steel bar mats.
G. Tie wire.
A. General: Measurement and payment for concrete reinforcement will be either by the
lump sum method or by the unit price method as determined by the listing of the bid
item for concrete reinforcement indicated in the Bid Schedule of the Bid Form.
B. Lump Sum: If the Bid Schedule indicates a lump sum for concrete reinforcement, the
lump sum method of measurement and payment will be as mentioned in the related
section of the contract documents.
C. Unit Prices: If the Bid Schedule indicates a unit price for concrete reinforcement, the
unit price method of measurement and payment will be as follows:
1. Measurement:
a. Reinforcing steel bars will be measured for payment by the tons

completed in place.
1. Weights will be determined from computations based on the

nominal weights listed in ACI 318M, Appendix on Steel
Reinforcement Information.
2. Laps of bars for splices indicated will be measured for

payment. Splices for Contractors convenience will not be
measured for payment. When bars are spliced by welding,
the weight for payment will be as computed for lapped
splices.
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 4
REVISION: 0
b. Welded wire fabric will be measured for payment by the square

meter of each configuration placed. Quantities will be the actual
number of square meter measured complete in place, with no
allowance for overlap.
c. The following concrete reinforcement will be measured for payment

under this Section:
1. All cast-in-place concrete structures and slabs as specified in

Section 03 30 00 Cast-In-Place Concrete.
2. Reinforcing steel for cast-in-place Post Tensioned concrete

(post-tensioned) except pre-stressing steel, as specified in
Section 03 38 00 Post Tensioned Concrete.
d. The following concrete reinforcement will not be measured

separately for payment, but will be included in the unit measurement
of the associated concrete work:
1. Reinforcing steel for concrete piles as specified in Section 31

62 23 Concrete Bored Piles.
2. Reinforcing steel for concrete curbs, gutters, and walks as

specified Concrete Curbs, Gutters, and Walks.
3. Pre-stressing steel for concrete, including concrete

reinforcement for Post tensioned concrete as specified in
Section 03 38 00 Post Tensioned Concrete.
e. The following reinforcement and accessory items will not be

measured separately for payment:
1. Clips, ties, bar supports dowels, spacers, chairs, or other

devices for holding reinforcing steel in place, including zinc
and epoxy coatings.
2. Additional reinforcing steel for splices permitted by the

Engineer for Contractors convenience.
3. Reinforcing steel and accessories, including zinc and epoxy

coatings, required for lump sum items.
2. Payment:
a. Reinforcing steel bars, wire reinforcement, and welded wire fabric will
be paid for at the indicated Contract unit prices for the computed
quantities as determined by the measurement methods specified
above.
b. Payment for reinforcement and accessory items will be included in

SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 5
REVISION: 0
the Contract unit prices for the associated cast-in-place concrete
work.
1.03 REFERENCES
A. American Concrete Institute (ACI)
1. ACI 301 Specifications for Structural Concrete for Buildings.
2. ACI 315 Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement.
3. ACI 318M Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete.
B. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
1. ASTM A82 Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete

Reinforcement.
2. ASTM A184/ Specification for Fabricated Deformed Steel Bar

A184M Mats for Concrete Reinforcement.
3. ASTM A185 Specification for Steel Welded Wire Fabric, Plain, for
Concrete Reinforcement.
4. ASTM A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing

of Steel Products.
5. ASTM A496 Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete

Reinforcement.
6. ASTM A497 Specification for Steel Welded Wire Fabric,

Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement.
7. ASTM A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel

Bars for Concrete Reinforcement.
8. ASTM A706 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Deformed Bars

for Concrete Reinforcement.
9. Reserved
10. Reserved
11. Reserved
12. Reserved
13. ASTM E8 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic

Materials
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 6
REVISION: 0
14. ASTM E165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination.
C. American Welding Society (AWS):
1. AWS D1.4 Structural Welding Code Reinforcing Steel
D. Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI):
1. CRSI Manual of Standard Practice
2. CRSI Publication, Placing Reinforcing Bars
1.04 SUBMITTALS

B. Shop Drawings:
1. Submit bar lists, bending diagrams and schedules, and placement

plans and details for all reinforcing steel. Bar lists shall include
weights.
2. Indicate descriptions, details, dimensions, arrangements and

assemblies, and locations of reinforcing steel. Include number of
pieces, sizes, and markings of reinforcing steel, laps and splices,
supporting devices and accessories, and any other information
required for fabrication and placement. Indicate any adjustments
required as specified in Article 1.06.B.
3. Check Contract Drawings for anchor bolt schedules and locations,

anchors, hangers, inserts, conduits, sleeves, block outs, and any
other items to be cast in concrete for possible interference with
reinforcing steel. Indicate required clearances on Shop Drawings.
4. Detail reinforcing steel in accordance with requirements of the ACI

315. Indicate individual weight of each bar, total weight of each bar
size, and total weight of all bars on the list. Base calculated weights
upon nominal weights specified in ACI 318M, Appendix on Steel
C. Product Data:
1. Submit manufacturers product data and installation instructions for

proprietary manufactured materials and reinforcement accessories.
2. Submit manufacturers product data and installation instructions for

proprietary exothermic metal splicing systems and proprietary
mechanical coupler splicing systems when & if such splicing methods
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 7
REVISION: 0
are permitted.
D. Samples:
1. Reserved.
2. Samples shall be representative of the materials furnished. These

samples, as well as any additional random samples taken by the
Engineer, may be tested for specification compliance.
3. Failure of any sample to meet specification requirements shall be

cause for rejection of that lot.
E. Certificates:
1. For each lot or load of reinforcing steel delivered to the jobsite,

furnish mill affidavits or test reports of compliance or similar
certification, certifying the grades and physical and chemical
properties of the reinforcing steel and conformance with applicable
ASTM Specifications, including ASTM A370, Method A9.
2. Reserved.
3. For Welders, furnish welding certificates or affidavits attesting to the

welders qualifications to perform the indicated welding in accordance
with applicable requirements of AWS D1.4.
4. For exothermic sleeve coupler splicing, furnish certificates or

affidavits attesting to the crews special qualifications to perform the
splicing, when such splicing is permitted.
A. Tolerances:
1. Fabrication: Fabricate bars to meet the following tolerances:
a. Sheared length: plus or minus 25mm.
b. Depth of truss bars: plus 0, minus 12mm.
c. Overall dimensions of stirrups, ties and spirals: plus or minus

12mm.
d. All other bends: plus or minus 25mm.
e. Fabrication tolerances not indicated on the Contract Drawings or

specified above shall comply with the applicable requirements of
ACI 301 and CRSI Manual of Standard Practice, Chapter 7.
2. Placement: Place bars to the following tolerances:

SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 8
REVISION: 0
a. Clear distance to formed surfaces: plus or minus 6mm.
b. Minimum spacing between bars: minus 6mm.
c. Top bars in slabs and beams:
1. Member 200mm deep or less: plus or minus 6mm.
2. Member greater than 200mm, but less than 600mm deep:

plus or minus 12mm.
3. Members 600mm or more deep: plus or minus 25mm.
d. Crosswise of members: spaced evenly within 50mm.
e. Lengthwise of members: spaced evenly within 50mm.
f. Placement tolerances not indicated on the Contract Drawings or

specified above shall comply with the requirements of ACI 301,
ACI 318, or CRSI Manual of Standard Practice, as applicable.
A. Adjustments: Bars may be moved as necessary to avoid interference with

other reinforcing steel, conduits, or embedded items. If bars are moved more
than one bar diameter, or in excess of the above tolerances, the resulting
arrangement of bars shall require the Engineers approval. Minimum
spacings shall not be decreased, and the required number of bars shall be
placed. Bars moved to permit access for cleanup operations shall be properly
replaced and secured before the start of concrete placement.
1.06 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
A. Deliver reinforcing bars to the fabricator in bundles, limited to one size and
and length of bar, securely tied and identified with plastic tags in an exposed
position indicating the mill, the melt or heat number, and the grade size of
bars.
B. Deliver steel reinforcement to the jobsite, and cover in a manner which will
ensure that no damage shall occur to it from moisture, dirt, grease, oil, or
other cause which might impair bond with concrete.
C. Deliver steel reinforcement to the jobsite properly tagged and identified, as

specified herein in Article 2.03, in accordance with approved Shop Drawings.
D. Reserved.
E. Maintain identification of steel reinforcement after bundles are broken.
F. Provide special facilities for the storage and handling of exothermic materials
as recommended by the splicing system manufacturer.
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 9
REVISION: 0
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS
A. Steel Reinforcing Bars:
1. Billet-Steel Bars: Deformed high tensile strength bars in compliance

with ASTM A615M yield strength Fy minimum 460 N/mm.
2. Reserved.
3. Weights of Bars: Refer to ACI 318M, Appendix on Steel

B. Reserved.
C. Reserved.
D. Reserved.
E. Welded Steel Wire Fabric Plain Wire: ASTM A 185, wire sizes and center to
center spacings as indicated.
F. Welded Steel Wire Fabric: Deformed Wire: ASTM A 497, wire sizes and
center to center spacings as indicated.
G. Reserved.
H. Steel Bar Mats: Deformed Bars: ASTM A 184/A184M, using ASTM A 706
deformed bars, sizes and spacings of members as indicated, welded or
clipped at intersections.
I. Accessories: Provide reinforcement accessories, consisting of bar supports,

spacers, hangers, chairs, ties, and similar items as required for spacing,
assembling, and supporting reinforcement in place. Conform with CRSI
referenced standards and the following requirements:
1. For footings, grade beams, and slabs on grade, provide supports

with pre-cast concrete or mortar bases or plates or horizontal runners
where wetted base materials will not support chair legs.
2. For exposed-to-view concrete surfaces, where legs of supports are in

contact with forms or are in close proximity to finish surfaces, provide
supports with legs which are galvanized, plastic-protected, or
stainless steel.
J. Tie Wire: No. 16 gage or heavier, black or galvanized, soft or commercial

grade steel tie wire. Where tie wire is in close proximity to finish surfaces of
exposed
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 10
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K. Welding Electrodes: E90XX low hydrogen electrodes (for shielded metal arc
welding).
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 11
REVISION: 0
L. Exothermic Metal-Filled Sleeve Coupler:
1. System Description: Provide bar splicing connection, produced by a

standard exothermic process whereby molten filler metal, contained
by a high strength steel sleeve of larger inside diameter than
adjoining bars, is introduced into the annular space between the bars
and the sleeve as well as between the ends of the bars. Splicing
system shall produce complete fusion with 100 percent penetration of
the joint.
2. Spliced Strength in Tension: 125 percent of the yield strength of

connected reinforcing bars.
3. To be used only if shown on the drawings or permitted by the

Engineer.
M. Mechanical Splice Coupler:
1. System Description: Provide bar-splicing connections, produced by

threaded reinforcing bar ends and threaded coupler, or by sleeves
hydraulically pressed or forged onto butt-ended reinforcing bars, or
by other proprietary mechanical splicing method as proposed by the
Contractor and approved by the Engineer. Mechanical splice
couplers shall be capable of being installed in the clear space
indicated and to provide the required clearances.
2. Spliced Strength in Tension: Minimum 125 percent of the yield

strength of connected reinforcing bars, unless otherwise indicated.
3. To be used only if shown on the drawings or permitted by the

Engineer.
2.02 FABRICATION
A. Fabrication Standards: Fabrication of steel reinforcement shall be in

accordance with the Contract Drawings and approved Shop Drawings.
Where specific details are not indicated comply with applicable requirements
of ACI 301, ACI 318M, and CRSI Manual of Standard Practice.
B. Cutting and Bending: Cutting and Bending shall be performed at a central

location, equipped and suitable for the purpose. Bars shall be accurately cut
and bent as indicated. Bars shall be bent cold. Heating of bars for bending or
straightening will not be permitted. Bars shall not be bent or straightened in
any manner will injure the material. Label all bars in accordance with bending
diagrams and schedules, and secure like pieces in bundles when
appropriate.
C. Welding:
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 12
REVISION: 0
1. Welding of reinforcement, where indicated and approved, including
preparation of bars, shall conform with applicable requirements of
AWS D1.4. Welders shall be pre-qualified in accordance with AWS
D1.4, Chapter 6.
2. Use full penetration butt welds by the electric-arc method unless

otherwise indicated or approved. Weld splices shall develop 125
percent of the specified yield strength of the bars, or of the smaller
bar in transition splices.
3. Clean bars of oil, grease, dirt, and other foreign matter and flame-dry
before welding. Pre-heat bars before welding in accordance with
AWS D1.4, Chapter 5. Stagger splices in adjacent bars a minimum of
1200mm.
D. Reserved.
2.03 IDENTIFICATION
A. Reinforcing steel shall be bundled and tagged with grades and sizes, heat
numbers, and suitable identification marks for checking, storing, and placing.
Sizes and mark numbers shall correspond to placing Shop Drawings and
Schedules. Tags and markings shall be water-resistant and shall not be
removed until steel reinforcement is placed in position.
2.04 REINFORCING STEEL FOR DUCT BANKS
A. Reinforcing steel shall be provided for duct banks. Longitudinal steel shall be
provided with a minimum total cross sectional area of 0.0018 times the gross
area of the duct bank. The maximum spacing of reinforcing bars shall be
450mm, with a minimum of one bar provided in each corner. Tie bars in the
transverse direction enclosing the longitudinal steel bars shall also be
provided, with a minimum size of T12 bars at a minimum spacing of 300mm.
The minimum clear concrete cover over reinforcing steel shall be 75mm
where concrete is cast directly against earth, and 40mm where concrete is
cast directly against fabricated formwork.
B. Where duct banks enter rigid underground structures, reinforcing steel shall
be provided to tie the duct bank to the structure. Details shall be provided
showing methods used to prevent damage to duct banks due to differential
settlement at these points.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 VERIFICATION OF DOCUMENTS
A. Verify that surfaces, over or against which concrete is to be placed, are clean
and in proper condition for placing reinforcement.
B. Verify that items to be embedded in concrete inserts, sleeves, and block-outs

SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 13
REVISION: 0
are secured in place as required.
3.02 PLACING
A. Placing Standards: Reinforcing steel shall be placed in accordance with the

Contract Drawings, approved Shop Drawings, and the applicable
requirements of ACI 301, ACI 318, CRSI Manual of Standard Practice and
CRSI Placing Reinforcing Bars. Install reinforcement accurately and secure
against movement, particularly under the weight of workers and the
placement of concrete.
B. Reinforcing Supports: Bars shall be supported on metal or plastic chairs, and

hangers, accurately placed and securely fastened to steel reinforcement in
place. Support legs of accessories in forms without embedding in the form
surface. Hoops and stirrups shall be accurately spaced and wired to the
reinforcement.
C. Placing and Tying: Reinforcing steel shall be installed in place, spaced, and
rigidly and securely tied or wired with tie wire at all splices and at crossing
points and intersections in the positions indicate. It is not necessary to tie
bars at every intersection. Comply with requirements of CRSI Placing
Reinforcing Bars, Chapter 10. Snap ties are acceptable for intermediate
intersections. Re-bending of bars on the job to fit different conditions will not
be permitted. Point ends of wire ties away from adjacent form surfaces.
D. Spacing: Center-to center distance between parallel bars shall be in

accordance with the Contract Drawings or, where not indicated, the minimum
clear spacing shall be in accordance with ACI 318M.
E. Longitudinal Location of Bends and Ends of Bar: A maximum of plus or minus

75mm from the indicated location will be permitted, provided that specified
protective concrete cover at ends of members is not reduced by more than
12mm.
F. Splices:
1. Lapped Splices:
a. Laps of splices shall be securely tied together to maintain the

alignment of the bars, to provide the required minimum
clearances, and to transfer stress by bond. Lapped splices
and development lengths not shown shall be detailed to
develop Class B lapping lengths and development lengths in
tension, respectively, in accordance with ACI 318M.
b. Splices of alternate bars shall be staggered a minimum clear

offset of 600mm between splices. Splices shall be tie wire, or
splices may be lap welded in accordance with AWS D1.4.
Lapped splices are not permitted for No.14 and No. 18 bars,
or when specifically excluded by Contract provisions
regardless of size.
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 14
REVISION: 0
2. Exothermic Metal-Filled Coupler Splices: Conform with the product

manufacturers installation instructions and recommendations and
with applicable requirements of AWS D1.4 for exothermic welding.
3. Mechanical Coupler Splices:
a. Perform installation of coupler and tightening of joint

assembly in accordance with the coupler manufacturers
installation instructions and recommendations.
b. Reinforcing bars to be joined shall be shop threaded using

special machinery to produce the required tapered threads.
Where previously threaded bars must be cut or where
threads are damaged, bars shall be replaced, or an alternate
splicing system approved by the Engineer shall be
substituted. Bars shall not be rethreaded, and damaged
threads shall not be repaired in the field.
c. Prior to joining, inspect all threads and assure that they have
been properly made and are clean.
d. Rotate coupler and bar initially by hand or wrench until snug

(approximately 3 to 4 turns) . apply 24 inch minimum pipe
wrench and turn coupler (or bar) until further turning is
resisted with the application of a minimum torque of 200 foot
further turning is resisted with the application of a minimum
torque of 200 foot-pounds. Suitably mark joint to indicate that
tightening has been completed.
e. For proprietary mechanical splicing systems not specified

herein, installation shall conform with the manufacturers
installation instructions.
4. Spiral Reinforcement Splices: Splices shall conform with applicable

requirements of ACI 318.
G. Dowels: Provide dowels where indicated or required for connecting

construction and for maintaining structural and reinforcement continuity.
Dowels shall be tied securely in place before concrete is deposited. Provide
additional bars for proper support and anchorage where required. Do not
bend dowels after embedment.
H. Welded Wire Fabric:
1. Wire fabric shall be installed in lengths as long as practicable and

shall be wire-tied at all laps and splices. End laps shall be offset in
adjacent widths. Lap welded wire fabric in accordance with
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 15
REVISION: 0
2. Where required welded wire fabric shall be secured in position with
suitable supports, accessories, and tie wire as indicated and required
to ensure against movement from workers and placement of
concrete lift fabric as concrete is placed to assure proper
embedment at position indicated.
3.03 PROTECTIVE CONCRETE COVER
A. Minimum concrete coverage for steel reinforcement shall be as specified in

ACI 301, ACI 3187, or CRSI Manual of Standard Practice. If there is a conflict
between the standards specified, the thicker concrete coverage shall govern.
3.04 CLEANING
A. Reinforcement at time of depositing concrete shall be free of corrosion and

coatings that my impair bond with concrete, such as form oil, mill scale, or
loose deposits or rust and other corrosion.
A. In accordance with Section 01 45 00 Quality Control, quality control

inspections and tests to be performed by the Contractor include the following:
1. Placement of Reinforcing Steel: Visual inspection of reinforcing steel

in place, including bars supports, tied laps and intersections, welded
wire fabric and bar mats.
2. Welds:
a. Visual inspection of reinforcing bar welds.
b. Tension tests of welded butt joints. Tests shall be performed

on sample welds produced by the Contractor in accordance
with ASTM E8.
c. Non-destructive tests of installed welded butt joints shall be

performed in accordance with ASTM E165.
d. Inspections and tests shall be performed in accordance with

the applicable requirements of AWS D1.4, Chapters 6 and 7.
3. Exothermic/Coupler Splices:
a. Continuous visual inspection for the first eight hours,

minimum, of the work as performed by any crew, and again
by any replacement crew. All splices require visual inspection
before concrete may be replaced.
SECTION: 03 20 00
PAGE 16
REVISION: 0
b. Visual inspection shall be performed in accordance with the
product manufacturers instructions and recommendations
for such inspection.
c. Inspections shall measure and record all voids. Exothermic

rebar splices shall be accepted, provided measured void
limits per end, do not exceed manufacturers specified void
limits
d. Splices indicating improper fill, slag at tap hole, or blowouts

shall be rejected.
4. Mechanical Coupler Splices: Test 100 percent of the Couplers, using

a 24 inch click-type torque wrench calibrated to 200 foot-pounds.
Minimum turning torques of 200 foot-pounds shall be applied to the
extent that further turning is resisted. Where tests reveal failure of
couplers to be properly tightened, couplers shall be removed and
replaced.
B. For Exothermic/coupler splices, the Contractor shall provide qualification

splices for each position as follows:
1. One sister splice for the first 25 splices; thereafter, one sister splice for
every 50 splices.
2. Sister splices shall be laboratory tested by the Engineer for strength in

tension (125 percent of the yield strength of connecting bars).
SECTION: 03 30 00
CAST IN-PLACE CONCRETE
PAGE 0
REVISION: 0
ZONE 1 BLOCK 2 BUILDING MX-01 & MX-04
SPECIFICATION SECTION 03 30 00
CAST IN PLACE CONCRETE
SECTION 03 30 00 Cast-In-Place Concrete

SECTION: 03 30 00
PAGE 1
REVISION: 0
SECTION 03 30 00: CAST- IN - PLACE CONCRETE
CONTENTS
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 Related Documents
1.2 Summary
1.3 Definitions
1.4 Submittals
1.5 Quality Assurance
1.6 Delivery, Storage and Handling
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 Manufacturers
2.2 Form-Facing Materials
2.3 Steel Reinforcement
2.4 Reinforcement Accessories
2.5 Concrete Materials
2.6 Admixtures
2.7 Waterstops
2.8 Vapor Retarders
2.9 Floor and Slab Treatments (exposed slabs)
2.10 Curing Materials
2.11 Related Materials
2.12 Concrete Mixtures, General
2.13 Concrete Mixtures for Building Elements
2.14 Fabricating Reinforcement

SECTION: 03 30 00
PAGE 2
REVISION: 0
2.15 Concrete Mixing
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 Formwork
3.2 Embedded Items

SECTION: 03 30 00
PAGE 3
REVISION: 0
3.3 Removing and Reusing Forms
3.4 Shores and Reshores
3.5 Vapor Retarders
3.6 Steel Reinforcement
3.7 Joints
3.8 Waterstops
3.9 Concrete Placement
3.10 Finishing Formed Surfaces
3.11 Finishing Floors and Slabs
3.12 Miscellaneous Concrete Items
3.13 Concrete Protecting and Curing
3.14 Joint Filling
3.15 Field Quality Control

SECTION: 03 30 00
PAGE 4
REVISION: 0
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and

Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this
Section.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section specifies cast-in place concrete, including formwork, reinforcement,

concrete materials, mixture design, placement procedures, and finishes, for the
following:
1. Raft foundation.
2. Suspended slabs.
3. Concrete toppings.
4. Building frame members.
5. Building shear walls and columns.
B. Related Sections include the following:
1. Division 2 Section "Earthwork" for drainage fill under slabs-on-grade.

2. Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Architectural Concrete" for general building
applications of specially finished formed concrete.
3. Division 3 Section "Concrete Floor Topping" for emery- and iron-aggregate
concrete floor toppings.
1.3 DEFINITIONS
A. Cementitious Materials: Portland cement alone or in combination with one or more

of the following: blended hydraulic cement, fly ash and other pozzolans, ground
granulated blast-furnace slag, and silica fume; subject to compliance with
requirements.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated.
B. Design Mixtures: For each concrete mixture. Submit alternate design mixtures when
characteristics of materials, Project conditions, weather, test results, or other
circumstances warrant adjustments.
1. Indicate amounts of mixing water to be withheld for later addition at Project

site.
C. Steel Reinforcement Shop Drawings: Placing drawings that detail fabrication,

bending, and placement. Include bar sizes, lengths, material, grade, bar schedules,
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stirrup spacing, bent bar diagrams, bar arrangement, splices and laps, mechanical
connections, tie spacing, hoop spacing, and supports for concrete reinforcement.
D. Formwork Shop Drawings: Prepared by or under the supervision of a qualified

professional engineer detailing fabrication, assembly, and support of formwork.
1. Shoring and Reshoring: Indicate proposed schedule and sequence of

stripping formwork, shoring removal, and installing and removing reshoring.
E. Samples: For waterstops and vapor retarder.
F. Welding certificates.
G. Qualification Data: For Installer, manufacturer and testing agency.
H. Material Test Reports: For the following, from a qualified testing agency, indicating
compliance with requirements:
1. Aggregates.
2. Cement.
3. Steel reinforcement.
I. Material Certificates: For each of the following, signed by manufacturers:
1. Cementitious materials.
2. Admixtures.
3. Form materials and form-release agents.
4. Steel reinforcement and accessories.
5. Waterstops.
6. Curing compounds.
7. Floor and slab treatments.
8. Bonding agents.
9. Adhesives.
10. Vapor retarders.
11. Semirigid joint filler.
12. Joint-filler strips.
13. Repair materials.
J. Floor surface flatness and levelness measurements to determine compliance with

specified tolerances.
K. Field quality-control test and inspection reports.
L. Minutes of preinstallation conference.
A. Installer Qualifications: A qualified installer who employs on Project personnel

qualified as ACI-certified Flatwork Technician and Finisher and a supervisor who is
an ACI-certified Concrete Flatwork Technician.
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B. Manufacturer Qualifications: A firm experienced in manufacturing ready-mixed

concrete products and that complies with ASTM C 94/C 94M requirements for
production facilities and equipment.
1. Manufacturer certified according to NRMCA's "Certification of Ready Mixed

Concrete Production Facilities."
C. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent agency, acceptable to authorities

having jurisdiction, qualified according to ASTM C 1077 and ASTM E 329 for testing
indicated, as documented according to ASTM E 548.
1. Personnel conducting field tests shall be qualified as ACI Concrete Field

Testing Technician, Grade 1, according to ACI CP-01 or an equivalent
certification program.
2. Personnel performing laboratory tests shall be ACI-certified Concrete
Strength Testing Technician and Concrete Laboratory Testing Technician -
Grade I. Testing Agency laboratory supervisor shall be an ACI-certified
Concrete Laboratory Testing Technician - Grade II.
D. Source Limitations: Obtain each type or class of cementitious material of the same
brand from the same manufacturer's plant, obtain aggregate from one source, and
obtain admixtures through one source from a single manufacturer.
E. Welding: Qualify procedures and personnel according to AWS D1.4, "Structural

Welding Code--Reinforcing Steel."
F. ACI Publications: Comply with the following unless modified by requirements in the
Contract Documents:
1. ACI 301, "Specification for Structural Concrete," Sections 1 through 5

2. ACI 117, "Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and
Materials."
G. Concrete Testing Service: Engage a qualified independent testing agency to

perform material evaluation tests and to design concrete mixtures.
H. Mockups: Cast concrete panels to demonstrate typical joints, surface finish, texture,
tolerances, and standard of workmanship.
1. Build panel approximately in the location indicated or, if not indicated, as

directed by Engineer.
2. Approved panels may become part of the completed Work if undisturbed at
time of Substantial Completion.
I. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at Project site to comply with

requirements in Division 1 Section "Project Management and Coordination."
1. Before submitting design mixtures, review concrete design mixture and

examine procedures for ensuring quality of concrete materials. Require
representatives of each entity directly concerned with cast-in-place concrete
to attend, including the following:

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a. Contractor's superintendent.
b. Independent testing agency responsible for concrete design mixtures.
c. Ready-mix concrete manufacturer.
d. Concrete subcontractor.
2. Review special inspection and testing and inspecting agency procedures for
field quality control, concrete finishes and finishing, cold- and hot-weather
concreting procedures, curing procedures, construction contraction and
isolation joints, and joint-filler strips, semirigid joint fillers, forms and form
removal limitations, shoring and reshoring procedures, vapor-retarder
installation, anchor rod and anchorage device installation tolerances, steel
reinforcement installation, floor and slab flatness and levelness
measurement, concrete repair procedures, and concrete protection.

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A. Steel Reinforcement: Deliver, store, and handle steel reinforcement to prevent

bending and damage. Avoid damaging coatings on steel reinforcement.
B. Waterstops: Store waterstops under cover to protect from moisture, sunlight, dirt,
oil, and other contaminants.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements and Engineers approval.

1. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements and Engineers
approval.
2.2 FORM-FACING MATERIALS
A. Smooth-Formed Finished Concrete: Form-facing panels that will provide

continuous, true, and smooth concrete surfaces. Furnish in largest practicable sizes
to minimize number of joints.
1. Plywood, metal, or other approved panel materials.

2. Exterior-grade plywood panels, suitable for concrete forms, complying with
DOC PS 1, and as follows:
a. High-density overlay, Class 1 or better.

b. Medium-density overlay, Class 1 or better; mill-release agent treated
and edge sealed.
c. Structural 1, B-B or better; mill oiled and edge sealed.
d. B-B (Concrete Form), Class 1 or better; mill oiled and edge sealed.
B. Rough-Formed Finished Concrete: Plywood, lumber, metal, or another approved

material. Provide lumber dressed on at least two edges and one side for tight fit.
C. Forms for Cylindrical Columns, Pedestals, and Supports: Metal, glass-fiber-

reinforced plastic, paper, or fiber tubes that will produce surfaces with gradual or
abrupt irregularities not exceeding specified formwork surface class. Provide units
with sufficient wall thickness to resist plastic concrete loads without detrimental
deformation.
D. Pan-Type Forms: Glass-fiber-reinforced plastic or formed steel, stiffened to resist

plastic concrete loads without detrimental deformation.
E. Void Forms: Biodegradable paper surface, treated for moisture resistance,

structurally sufficient to support weight of plastic concrete and other superimposed
loads.
F. Chamfer Strips: Wood, metal, PVC, or rubber strips, (19 by 19 mm), minimum.
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G. Rustication Strips: Wood, metal, PVC, or rubber strips, kerfed for ease of form
removal.
H. Form-Release Agent: Commercially formulated form-release agent that will not

bond with, stain, or adversely affect concrete surfaces and will not impair
subsequent treatments of concrete surfaces.
1. Formulate form-release agent with rust inhibitor for steel form-facing

materials.
I. Form Ties: Factory-fabricated, removable or snap-off metal or glass-fiber-reinforced

plastic form ties designed to resist lateral pressure of fresh concrete on forms and to
prevent spalling of concrete on removal.
1. Furnish units that will leave no corrodible metal closer than (25 mm) to the
plane of exposed concrete surface.
2. Furnish ties that, when removed, will leave holes no larger than (25 mm) in
diameter in concrete surface.
3. Furnish ties with integral water-barrier plates to walls indicated to receive
dampproofing or waterproofing.
2.3 STEEL REINFORCEMENT
A. Reinforcing Bars: all deformed bars in compliance with BS 4449 with high yield
strength Fy minimum 460 Mpa.
2.4 REINFORCEMENT ACCESSORIES
A. Joint Dowel Bars: BS 4449, Fy minimum 460 Mpa, plain-steel bars, cut bars true to
length with ends square and free of burrs.
B. Bar Supports: Bolsters, chairs, spacers, and other devices for spacing, supporting,
and fastening reinforcing bars and welded wire reinforcement in place. Manufacture
bar supports from steel wire, plastic, or precast concrete according to CRSI's
"Manual of Standard Practice," of greater compressive strength than concrete and
as follows:
1. For concrete surfaces exposed to view where legs of wire bar supports
contact forms, use CRSI Class 1 plastic-protected steel wire or CRSI Class 2
stainless-steel bar supports.
2. For epoxy-coated reinforcement, use epoxy-coated or other dielectric-
polymer-coated wire bar supports.
3. For zinc-coated reinforcement, use galvanized wire or dielectric-polymer-
coated wire bar supports.
2.5 CONCRETE MATERIALS
A. Cementitious Material: Use the following cementitious materials, of the same type,
brand, and source, throughout Project:

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1. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I, II, gray.
B. Silica Fume: ASTM C 1240, amorphous silica.
C. Normal-Weight Aggregates: ASTM C 33, Class 3S, 3M, 1N coarse aggregate or

better, graded. Provide aggregates from a single source with documented service
record data of at least 10 years' satisfactory service in similar applications and
service conditions using similar aggregates and cementitious materials.
1. Maximum Coarse-Aggregate Size: (19 mm) nominal.

2. Fine Aggregate: Free of materials with deleterious reactivity to alkali in
cement.
D. Water: ASTM C 94/C 94M and potable.
2.6 ADMIXTURES
A. Chemical Admixtures: Provide admixtures certified by manufacturer to be

compatible with other admixtures and that will not contribute water-soluble chloride
ions exceeding those permitted in hardened concrete. Do not use calcium chloride
or admixtures containing calcium chloride.
1. Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type A.

2. Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type B.
3. Water-Reducing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type D.
4. High-Range, Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type F.
5. High-Range, Water-Reducing and Retarding Admixture:
ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type G.
6. Plasticizing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 1017/C 1017M, Type II.
B. Non-Set-Accelerating Corrosion-Inhibiting Admixture: Commercially formulated,

non-set-accelerating, anodic inhibitor or mixed cathodic and anodic inhibitor;
capable of forming a protective barrier and minimizing chloride reactions with steel
reinforcement in concrete.
2.7 WATERSTOPS
A. Flexible Rubber Waterstops: CE CRD-C 513, with factory-installed metal eyelets, for
embedding in concrete to prevent passage of fluids through joints. Factory fabricate
corners, intersections, and directional changes.
1. Type: External.
2. Profile: Ribbed with center bulb and Ribbed without center bulb as indicated
on drawings and directed by Engineer.
3. Dimensions: (225 mm by 10 mm thick), nontapered.
2.8 VAPOR RETARDERS
A. Plastic Vapor Retarder: ASTM E 1745, Class C, or polyethylene sheet,

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ASTM D 4397, not less than (0.25 mm) thick. Include manufacturer's
recommended adhesive or pressure-sensitive joint tape.
B. Granular Fill: Clean mixture of crushed stone or crushed or uncrushed gravel;

ASTM D 448, Size 57, with 100 percent passing a (37.5-mm) sieve and 0 to 5
percent passing a No. 8 (2.36-mm) sieve.
C. Fine-Graded Granular Material: Clean mixture of crushed stone, crushed gravel,

and manufactured or natural sand; ASTM D 448, Size 10, with 100 percent passing
a (9.5-mm) sieve, 10 to 30 percent passing a No. 100 (0.15-mm) sieve, and at least
5 percent passing No. 200 (0.075-mm) sieve; complying with deleterious substance
limits of ASTM C 33 for fine aggregates.
2.9 FLOOR AND SLAB TREATMENTS (exposed slabs)
A. Emery Dry-Shake Floor Hardener: factory-packaged, dry combination of portland

cement, graded emery aggregate, and plasticizing admixture; with emery aggregate
consisting of no less than 60 percent of total aggregate content.
2.10 CURING MATERIALS
A. Evaporation Retarder: Waterborne, monomolecular film forming, manufactured for

application to fresh concrete.
B. Absorptive Cover: AASHTO M 182, Class 2, burlap cloth made from jute or kenaf,
weighing approximately (305 g/sq. m) when dry.
C. Moisture-Retaining Cover: ASTM C 171, polyethylene film or white burlap-

polyethylene sheet.
D. Water: Potable.
E. Clear, Waterborne, Membrane-Forming Curing Compound: ASTM C 309, Type 1,

Class B, nondissipating, certified by curing compound manufacturer to not interfere
with bonding of floor covering.
2.11 RELATED MATERIALS
A. Expansion- and Isolation-Joint-Filler Strips: ASTM D 1751, asphalt-saturated

cellulosic fiber.
B. Semirigid Joint Filler: Two-component, semirigid, 100 percent solids, aromatic

polyurea with a Type A shore durometer hardness range of 90 to 95 per
ASTM D 2240.
C. Bonding Agent: ASTM C 1059, Type II, non-redispersible, acrylic emulsion or

styrene butadiene.
D. Epoxy Bonding Adhesive: ASTM C 881, two-component epoxy resin, capable of

humid curing and bonding to damp surfaces, of class suitable for application
temperature and of grade to suit requirements, and as follows:

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1. Types I and II, non-load bearing, IV and V, load bearing, for bonding
hardened or freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete.
E. Reglets: Fabricate reglets of not less than (0.55-mm-) thick, galvanized steel sheet.
Temporarily fill or cover face opening of reglet to prevent intrusion of concrete or
debris.
F. Dovetail Anchor Slots: Hot-dip galvanized steel sheet, not less than (0.85 mm) thick,
with bent tab anchors. Temporarily fill or cover face opening of slots to prevent
intrusion of concrete or debris.
2.12 CONCRETE MIXTURES, GENERAL
A. Prepare design mixtures for each type and strength of concrete, proportioned on the
basis of laboratory trial mixture or field test data, or both, according to ACI 301.
1. Use a qualified independent testing agency for preparing and reporting

proposed mixture designs based on laboratory trial mixtures.
B. Cementitious Materials: Limit percentage, by weight, of cementitious materials other

than portland cement in concrete as follows:
1. Silica Fume: 10 percent.
C. Limit water-soluble, chloride-ion content in hardened concrete to 0.15 percent by

weight of cement.
D. Admixtures: Use admixtures according to manufacturer's written instructions.
1. Use high-range water-reducing admixture in concrete, as required, for

placement and workability.
2. Use corrosion-inhibiting admixture in concrete mixtures where indicated.
2.13 CONCRETE MIXTURES FOR BUILDING ELEMENTS
A. Foundations: Proportion normal-weight concrete mixture as follows:
1. Minimum Compressive Strength: (45 MPa) at 28 days.

2. Maximum Water-Cementitious Materials Ratio: 0.40.
3. Minimum Cementitious Materials Content: 350 kg/cu.m Type II.
4. Slump Limit: (100 mm) for concrete with verified slump of (50 to 100 mm)
before adding high-range water-reducing admixture or plasticizing admixture,
plus or minus 1 inch (25 mm).
B. Retaining Walls: Proportion normal-weight concrete mixture as follows:
1. Minimum Compressive Strength: (45 MPa) on cube at 28 days.

3. Minimum Cementitious Materials Content: 350 kg/cu.m Type II.

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before adding high-range water-reducing admixture or plasticizing admixture.
C. All Slabs: Proportion normal-weight concrete mixture as follows:

3. Minimum Cementitious Materials Content: 350 kg/cu.m Type 1.
before adding high-range water-reducing admixture or plasticizing admixture
D. Building Shear Walls and Columns up to 17th floor in office towers and 19th floor in
residential towers: Proportion normal-weight concrete mixture as follows:

th
E. Building Shear Walls and Columns from 18 floor to roof in office towers and from
20th to roof in residential towers: Proportion normal-weight concrete mixture as
follows:

2.14 FABRICATING REINFORCEMENT
A. Fabricate steel reinforcement according to CRSI's "Manual of Standard Practice."
2.15 CONCRETE MIXING
A. Ready-Mixed Concrete: Measure, batch, mix, and deliver concrete according to

ASTM C 94/C 94M and ASTM C 1116, and furnish batch ticket information.
1. When air temperature is between (30 and 32 deg C), reduce mixing and
delivery time from 1-1/2 hours to 75 minutes; when air temperature is above
(32 deg C), reduce mixing and delivery time to 60 minutes.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 FORMWORK
A. Design, erect, shore, brace, and maintain formwork, according to ACI 301, to
support vertical, lateral, static, and dynamic loads, and construction loads that might
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be applied, until structure can support such loads.
B. Construct formwork so concrete members and structures are of size, shape,

alignment, elevation, and position indicated, within tolerance limits of ACI 117.
C. Limit concrete surface irregularities, designated by ACI 347R as abrupt or gradual,

as follows:
1. Class A, (3.2 mm) for smooth-formed finished surfaces.

2. Class B, (6 mm) for rough-formed finished surfaces.
D. Construct forms tight enough to prevent loss of concrete mortar.
E. Fabricate forms for easy removal without hammering or prying against concrete
surfaces. Provide crush or wrecking plates where stripping may damage cast
concrete surfaces. Provide top forms for inclined surfaces steeper than 1.5
horizontal to 1 vertical.
1. Install keyways, reglets, recesses, and the like, for easy removal.
2. Do not use rust-stained steel form-facing material.
F. Set edge forms, bulkheads, and intermediate screed strips for slabs to achieve
required elevations and slopes in finished concrete surfaces. Provide and secure
units to support screed strips; use strike-off templates or compacting-type screeds.
G. Provide temporary openings for cleanouts and inspection ports where interior area
of formwork is inaccessible. Close openings with panels tightly fitted to forms and
securely braced to prevent loss of concrete mortar. Locate temporary openings in
forms at inconspicuous locations.
H. Chamfer exterior corners and edges of permanently exposed concrete.
I. Form openings, chases, offsets, sinkages, keyways, reglets, blocking, screeds, and
bulkheads required in the Work. Determine sizes and locations from trades
providing such items.
J. Clean forms and adjacent surfaces to receive concrete. Remove chips, wood,
sawdust, dirt, and other debris just before placing concrete.
K. Retighten forms and bracing before placing concrete, as required, to prevent mortar
leaks and maintain proper alignment.
L. Coat contact surfaces of forms with form-release agent, according to manufacturer's

written instructions, before placing reinforcement.
3.2 EMBEDDED ITEMS
A. Place and secure anchorage devices and other embedded items required for
adjoining work that is attached to or supported by cast-in-place concrete. Use
setting drawings, templates, diagrams, instructions, and directions furnished with
items to be embedded.

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1. Install anchor rods, accurately located, to elevations required and complying

with tolerances in Section 7.5 of AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel
Buildings and Bridges."
2. Install reglets to receive waterproofing and to receive through-wall flashings
in outer face of concrete frame at exterior walls, where flashing is shown at
lintels, shelf angles, and other conditions.
3. Install dovetail anchor slots in concrete structures as indicated.
3.3 REMOVING AND REUSING FORMS
A. General: Formwork for sides of beams, walls, columns, and similar parts of the
Work that does not support weight of concrete may be removed after cumulatively
curing at not less than (10 deg C) for 24 hours after placing concrete, if concrete is
hard enough to not be damaged by form-removal operations and curing and
protection operations are maintained.
1. Leave formwork for beam soffits, joists, slabs, and other structural elements
that supports weight of concrete in place until concrete has achieved at least
70 percent of its 28-day design compressive strength.
2. Remove forms only if shores have been arranged to permit removal of forms
without loosening or disturbing shores.
B. Clean and repair surfaces of forms to be reused in the Work. Split, frayed,
delaminated, or otherwise damaged form-facing material will not be acceptable for
exposed surfaces. Apply new form-release agent.
C. When forms are reused, clean surfaces, remove fins and laitance, and tighten to
close joints. Align and secure joints to avoid offsets. Do not use patched forms for
exposed concrete surfaces unless approved by Engineer.

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3.4 SHORES AND RESHORES
A. Comply with ACI 318 (ACI 318M) and ACI 301 for design, installation, and removal
of shoring and reshoring.
1. Do not remove shoring or reshoring until measurement of slab tolerances is

complete.
B. In multistory construction, extend shoring or reshoring over a sufficient number of

stories to distribute loads in such a manner that no floor or member will be
excessively loaded or will induce tensile stress in concrete members without
sufficient steel reinforcement.
C. Plan sequence of removal of shores and reshore to avoid damage to concrete.

Locate and provide adequate reshoring to support construction without excessive
stress or deflection.
3.5 VAPOR RETARDERS
A. Plastic Vapor Retarders: Place, protect, and repair vapor retarders according to
ASTM E 1643 and manufacturer's written instructions.
1. Lap joints (150 mm) and seal with manufacturer's recommended tape.
B. Granular Course: Cover vapor retarder with granular fill, moisten, and compact with
mechanical equipment to elevation tolerances of plus (0 mm) or minus (19 mm).
1. Place and compact a (13-mm-) thick layer of fine-graded granular material

over granular fill.
3.6 STEEL REINFORCEMENT
A. General: Comply with CRSI's "Manual of Standard Practice" for placing

reinforcement. Deformed high tensile bars shall comply with BS 4449 yield strength
Fy minimum 460 N/mm.
1. Do not cut or puncture vapor retarder. Repair damage and reseal vapor
retarder before placing concrete.
B. Clean reinforcement of loose rust and mill scale, earth, ice, and other foreign
materials that would reduce bond to concrete.
C. Accurately position, support, and secure reinforcement against displacement.

Locate and support reinforcement with bar supports to maintain minimum concrete
cover. Do not tack weld crossing reinforcing bars.
1. Weld reinforcing bars according to AWS D1.4, where indicated.
D. Set wire ties with ends directed into concrete, not toward exposed concrete
surfaces.
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E. Install welded wire reinforcement in longest practicable lengths on bar supports

spaced to minimize sagging. Lap edges and ends of adjoining sheets at least one
mesh spacing. Offset laps of adjoining sheet widths to prevent continuous laps in
either direction. Lace overlaps with wire.
3.7 JOINTS
A. General: Construct joints true to line with faces perpendicular to surface plane of
concrete.
B. Construction Joints: Install so strength and appearance of concrete are not

impaired, at locations indicated or as approved by Engineer.
1. Place joints perpendicular to main reinforcement. Continue reinforcement

across construction joints, unless otherwise indicated. Do not continue
reinforcement through sides of strip placements of floors and slabs.
2. Form keyed joints as indicated. Embed keys at least (38 mm) into concrete.
3. Locate joints for beams, slabs, joists, and girders in the middle third of spans.
Offset joints in girders a minimum distance of twice the beam width from a
beam-girder intersection.
4. Locate horizontal joints in walls and columns at underside of floors, slabs,
beams, and girders and at the top of footings or floor slabs.
5. Space vertical joints in walls as indicated. Locate joints beside piers integral
with walls, near corners, and in concealed locations where possible.
6. Use a bonding agent at locations where fresh concrete is placed against
hardened or partially hardened concrete surfaces.
7. Use epoxy-bonding adhesive at locations where fresh concrete is placed
against hardened or partially hardened concrete surfaces.
C. Contraction Joints in Slabs-on-Grade: Form weakened-plane contraction joints,

sectioning concrete into areas as indicated. Construct contraction joints for a depth
equal to at least one-fourth of concrete thickness as follows:
1. Grooved Joints: Form contraction joints after initial floating by grooving and
finishing each edge of joint to a radius of (3.2 mm). Repeat grooving of
contraction joints after applying surface finishes. Eliminate groover tool
marks on concrete surfaces.
2. Sawed Joints: Form contraction joints with power saws equipped with
shatterproof abrasive or diamond-rimmed blades. Cut (3.2-mm-) wide joints
into concrete when cutting action will not tear, abrade, or otherwise damage
surface and before concrete develops random contraction cracks.
D. Isolation Joints in Slabs-on-Grade: After removing formwork, install joint-filler strips

at slab junctions with vertical surfaces, such as column pedestals, foundation walls,
grade beams, and other locations, as indicated.
1. Extend joint-filler strips full width and depth of joint, terminating flush with
finished concrete surface, unless otherwise indicated.
2. Terminate full-width joint-filler strips not less than (13 mm) or more than (25
mm) below finished concrete surface where joint sealants, specified in
Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants," are indicated.
3. Install joint-filler strips in lengths as long as practicable. Where more than one

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length is required, lace or clip sections together.
E. Doweled Joints: Install dowel bars and support assemblies at joints where indicated.
Lubricate or asphalt coat one-half of dowel length to prevent concrete bonding to
one side of joint.
3.8 WATERSTOPS
A. Flexible Waterstops: Install in construction joints and at other joints indicated to form
a continuous diaphragm. Install in longest lengths practicable. Support and protect
exposed waterstops during progress of the Work. Field fabricate joints in waterstops
according to manufacturer's written instructions.
3.9 CONCRETE PLACEMENT
A. Before placing concrete, verify that installation of formwork, reinforcement, and

embedded items is complete and that required inspections have been performed.
B. Do not add water to concrete during delivery, at Project site, or during placement
unless approved by Engineer.
C. Deposit concrete continuously in one layer or in horizontal layers of such thickness

that no new concrete will be placed on concrete that has hardened enough to cause
seams or planes of weakness. If a section cannot be placed continuously, provide
construction joints as indicated. Deposit concrete to avoid segregation.
1. Deposit concrete in horizontal layers of depth to not exceed formwork design

pressures and in a manner to avoid inclined construction joints.
2. Consolidate placed concrete with mechanical vibrating equipment according
to ACI 301.
3. Do not use vibrators to transport concrete inside forms. Insert and withdraw
vibrators vertically at uniformly spaced locations to rapidly penetrate placed
layer and at least (150 mm) into preceding layer. Do not insert vibrators into
lower layers of concrete that have begun to lose plasticity. At each insertion,
limit duration of vibration to time necessary to consolidate concrete and
complete embedment of reinforcement and other embedded items without
causing mixture constituents to segregate.
D. Deposit and consolidate concrete for floors and slabs in a continuous operation,
within limits of construction joints, until placement of a panel or section is complete.
1. Consolidate concrete during placement operations so concrete is thoroughly

worked around reinforcement and other embedded items and into corners.
2. Maintain reinforcement in position on chairs during concrete placement.
3. Screed slab surfaces with a straightedge and strike off to correct elevations.
4. Slope surfaces uniformly to drains where required.
5. Begin initial floating using bull floats or darbies to form a uniform and open-
textured surface plane, before excess bleedwater appears on the surface. Do
not further disturb slab surfaces before starting finishing operations.
E. Hot-Weather Placement: Comply with ACI 301 and as follows:

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1. Maintain concrete temperature below (32 deg C) at time of placement. Chilled

mixing water or chopped ice may be used to control temperature, provided
water equivalent of ice is calculated to total amount of mixing water. Using
liquid nitrogen to cool concrete is Contractor's option.
2. Fog-spray forms, steel reinforcement, and subgrade just before placing
concrete. Keep subgrade uniformly moist without standing water, soft spots,
or dry areas.
3.10 FINISHING FORMED SURFACES
A. Rough-Formed Finish: As-cast concrete texture imparted by form-facing material

with tie holes and defects repaired and patched. Remove fins and other projections
that exceed specified limits on formed-surface irregularities.
1. Apply to concrete surfaces not exposed to public view.
B. Smooth-Formed Finish: As-cast concrete texture imparted by form-facing material,

arranged in an orderly and symmetrical manner with a minimum of seams. Repair
and patch tie holes and defects. Remove fins and other projections that exceed
specified limits on formed-surface irregularities.
1. Apply to concrete surfaces exposed to public view, to receive a rubbed finish,

to be covered with a coating or covering material applied directly to concrete
locations as shown on the architectural drawings.
C. Rubbed Finish: Apply the following to smooth-formed finished as-cast concrete

where indicated:
1. Smooth-Rubbed Finish: Not later than one day after form removal, moisten
concrete surfaces and rub with carborundum brick or another abrasive until
producing a uniform color and texture. Do not apply cement grout other than
that created by the rubbing process.
2. Grout-Cleaned Finish: Wet concrete surfaces and apply grout of a
consistency of thick paint to coat surfaces and fill small holes. Mix one part
portland cement to one and one-half parts fine sand with a 1:1 mixture of
bonding admixture and water. Add white portland cement in amounts
determined by trial patches so color of dry grout will match adjacent surfaces.
Scrub grout into voids and remove excess grout. When grout whitens, rub
surface with clean burlap and keep surface damp by fog spray for at least 36
hours.
D. Related Unformed Surfaces: At tops of walls, horizontal offsets, and similar

unformed surfaces adjacent to formed surfaces, strike off smooth and finish with a
texture matching adjacent formed surfaces. Continue final surface treatment of
formed surfaces uniformly across adjacent unformed surfaces, unless otherwise
indicated.
3.11 FINISHING FLOORS AND SLABS
A. General: Comply with ACI 302.1R recommendations for screeding, restraightening,

SECTION: 03 30 00
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and finishing operations for concrete surfaces. Do not wet concrete surfaces.
B. Scratch Finish: While still plastic, texture concrete surface that has been screeded
and bull-floated or darbied. Use stiff brushes, brooms, or rakes to produce a profile
amplitude of 1/4 inch (6 mm) in 1 direction.
1. Apply scratch finish to surfaces to receive concrete floor toppings and to

receive mortar setting beds for bonded cementitious floor finishes.
C. Float Finish: Consolidate surface with power-driven floats or by hand floating if area
is small or inaccessible to power driven floats. Restraighten, cut down high spots,
and fill low spots. Repeat float passes and restraightening until surface is left with a
uniform, smooth, granular texture.
1. Apply float finish to surfaces indicated to receive trowel finish and to be

covered with fluid-applied or sheet waterproofing, built-up or membrane
roofing, or sand-bed terrazzo.
D. Trowel Finish: After applying float finish, apply first troweling and consolidate
concrete by hand or power-driven trowel. Continue troweling passes and
restraighten until surface is free of trowel marks and uniform in texture and
appearance. Grind smooth any surface defects that would telegraph through
applied coatings or floor coverings.
1. Apply a trowel finish to surfaces indicated exposed to view or to be covered

with resilient flooring, carpet, ceramic or quarry tile set over a cleavage
membrane, paint, or another thin-film-finish coating system.
2. Finish surfaces to the following tolerances, according to ASTM E 1155
(ASTM E 1155M), for a randomly trafficked floor surface:
a. Specified overall values of flatness, F(F) 25; and of levelness, F(L) 20;
with minimum local values of flatness, F(F) 17; and of levelness,
F(L) 15.
b. Specified overall values of flatness, F(F) 35; and of levelness, F(L) 25;
F(L) 17; for slabs-on-grade.
c. Specified overall values of flatness, F(F) 30; and of levelness, F(L) 20;
with minimum local values of flatness, F(F) 24; and of levelness, F(L)
15; for suspended slabs.
d. Specified overall values of flatness, F(F) 45; and of levelness, F(L) 35;
F(L) 24.
3. Finish and measure surface so gap at any point between concrete surface
and an unleveled, freestanding, 10-foot- (3.05-m-) long straightedge resting
on 2 high spots and placed anywhere on the surface does not exceed (6
mm), (4.8 mm), (3.2 mm)
E. Broom Finish: Apply a broom finish to exterior concrete platforms, steps, and
ramps, and elsewhere as indicated.
1. Immediately after float finishing, slightly roughen trafficked surface by

brooming with fiber-bristle broom perpendicular to main traffic route.

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Coordinate required final finish with Engineer before application.
F. Dry-Shake Floor Hardener Finish: After initial floating, apply dry-shake floor
hardener to surfaces according to manufacturer's written instructions and as follows:
1. Uniformly apply dry-shake floor hardener at a rate recommended by

manufacturer.
2. Uniformly distribute approximately two-thirds of dry-shake floor hardener over
surface by hand or with mechanical spreader, and embed by power floating.
Follow power floating with a second dry-shake floor hardener application,
uniformly distributing remainder of material, and embed by power floating.
3. After final floating, apply a trowel finish. Cure concrete with curing compound
recommended by dry-shake floor hardener manufacturer and apply
immediately after final finishing.
3.12 MISCELLANEOUS CONCRETE ITEMS
A. Filling In: Fill in holes and openings left in concrete structures, unless otherwise
indicated, after work of other trades is in place. Mix, place, and cure concrete, as
specified, to blend with in-place construction. Provide other miscellaneous concrete
filling indicated or required to complete the Work.
B. Curbs: Provide monolithic finish to interior curbs by stripping forms while concrete
is still green and by steel-troweling surfaces to a hard, dense finish with corners,
intersections, and terminations slightly rounded.
C. Equipment Bases and Foundations: Provide machine and equipment bases and
foundations as shown on Drawings. Set anchor bolts for machines and equipment
at correct elevations, complying with diagrams or templates from manufacturer
furnishing machines and equipment.
3.13 CONCRETE PROTECTING AND CURING
A. General: Protect freshly placed concrete from premature drying and excessive cold
or hot temperatures. Comply with ACI 306.1 for cold-weather protection and
ACI 301 for hot-weather protection during curing.
B. Evaporation Retarder: Apply evaporation retarder to unformed concrete surfaces if

hot, dry, or windy conditions cause moisture loss approaching 0.2 lb/sq. ft. x h (1
kg/sq. m x h) before and during finishing operations. Apply according to
manufacturer's written instructions after placing, screeding, and bull floating or
darbying concrete, but before float finishing.
C. Formed Surfaces: Cure formed concrete surfaces, including underside of beams,

supported slabs, and other similar surfaces. If forms remain during curing period,
moist cure after loosening forms. If removing forms before end of curing period,
continue curing for the remainder of the curing period.
D. Unformed Surfaces: Begin curing immediately after finishing concrete. Cure

unformed surfaces, including floors and slabs, concrete floor toppings, and other
surfaces.

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E. Cure concrete according to ACI 308.1, by one or a combination of the following

methods:
1. Moisture Curing: Keep surfaces continuously moist for not less than seven
days with the following materials:
a. Water.
b. Continuous water-fog spray.
c. Absorptive cover, water saturated, and kept continuously wet. Cover
concrete surfaces and edges with (300-mm) lap over adjacent
absorptive covers.
2. Moisture-Retaining-Cover Curing: Cover concrete surfaces with moisture-

retaining cover for curing concrete, placed in widest practicable width, with
sides and ends lapped at least (300 mm), and sealed by waterproof tape or
adhesive. Cure for not less than seven days. Immediately repair any holes or
tears during curing period using cover material and waterproof tape.
a. Moisture cure or use moisture-retaining covers to cure concrete

surfaces to receive floor coverings.
b. Moisture cure or use moisture-retaining covers to cure concrete
surfaces to receive penetrating liquid floor treatments.
c. Cure concrete surfaces to receive floor coverings with either a
moisture-retaining cover or a curing compound that the manufacturer
certifies will not interfere with bonding of floor covering used on
Project..
3. Curing Compound: Apply uniformly in continuous operation by power spray

or roller according to manufacturer's written instructions. Recoat areas
subjected to heavy rainfall within three hours after initial application. Maintain
continuity of coating and repair damage during curing period.
a. After curing period has elapsed, remove curing compound without

damaging concrete surfaces by method recommended by curing
compound manufacturer unless manufacturer certifies curing
compound will not interfere with bonding of floor covering used on
Project.
4. Curing and Sealing Compound: Apply uniformly to floors and slabs indicated
in a continuous operation by power spray or roller according to
manufacturer's written instructions. Recoat areas subjected to heavy rainfall
within three hours after initial application. Repeat process 24 hours later and
apply a second coat. Maintain continuity of coating and repair damage during
curing period.
3.14 JOINT FILLING
A. Prepare, clean, and install joint filler according to manufacturer's written instructions.
1. Defer joint filling until concrete has aged at least six month(s). Do not fill joints
until construction traffic has permanently ceased.

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REVISION: 0
B. Remove dirt, debris, saw cuttings, curing compounds, and sealers from joints; leave
contact faces of joint clean and dry.
C. Install semirigid joint filler full depth in saw-cut joints and at least 2 inches (50 mm)
deep in formed joints. Overfill joint and trim joint filler flush with top of joint after
hardening.
A. Testing and Inspecting: Owner will engage a special inspector to perform field tests
and inspections and prepare test reports.
B. Inspections:
1. Steel reinforcement placement.

2. Steel reinforcement welding.
3. Headed bolts and studs.
4. Verification of use of required design mixture.
5. Concrete placement, including conveying and depositing.
6. Curing procedures and maintenance of curing temperature.
7. Verification of concrete strength before removal of shores and forms from
beams and slabs.
C. Concrete Tests: Testing of composite samples of fresh concrete obtained according

to ASTM C 172 shall be performed according to the following requirements:
1. Testing Frequency: Obtain one composite sample for each day's pour of
each concrete mixture exceeding (4 cu. m), but less than (19 cu. m), plus one
set for each additional (38 cu. m) or fraction thereof.
2. Testing Frequency: Obtain at least one composite sample for each (76 cu. m)
or fraction thereof of each concrete mixture placed each day.
a. When frequency of testing will provide fewer than five compressive-

strength tests for each concrete mixture, testing shall be conducted
from at least five randomly selected batches or from each batch if
fewer than five are used.
3. Slump: ASTM C 143/C 143M; one test at point of placement for each
composite sample, but not less than one test for each day's pour of each
concrete mixture. Perform additional tests when concrete consistency
appears to change.
4. Air Content: ASTM C 231, pressure method, for normal-weight concrete; one
test for each composite sample, but not less than one test for each day's pour
of each concrete mixture.
5. Concrete Temperature: ASTM C 1064/C 1064M; one test hourly when air
temperature is (4.4 deg C) and below and when (27 deg C) and above, and
one test for each composite sample.
6. Unit Weight: ASTM C 567, fresh unit weight of structural lightweight concrete;
one test for each composite sample, but not less than one test for each day's
pour of each concrete mixture.
7. Compression Test Specimens: ASTM C 31/C 31M.

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a. Cast and laboratory cure two sets of two standard cylinder specimens
for each composite sample.
b. Cast and field cure two sets of two standard cylinder specimens for
each composite sample.
8. Compressive-Strength Tests: ASTM C 39/C 39M; test one set of two

laboratory-cured specimens at 7 days and one set of two specimens at 28
days.
a. Test one set of two field-cured specimens at 7 days and one set of two
specimens at 28 days.
b. A compressive-strength test shall be the average compressive strength
from a set of two specimens obtained from same composite sample
and tested at age indicated.
9. When strength of field-cured cylinders is less than 85 percent of companion

laboratory-cured cylinders, Contractor shall evaluate operations and provide
corrective procedures for protecting and curing in-place concrete.
10. Strength of each concrete mixture will be satisfactory if every average of any
three consecutive compressive-strength tests equals or exceeds specified
compressive strength and no compressive-strength test value falls below
specified compressive strength by more than (3.4 MPa).
11. Test results shall be reported in writing to Engineer, concrete manufacturer,
and Contractor within 48 hours of testing. Reports of compressive-strength
tests shall contain Project identification name and number, date of concrete
placement, name of concrete testing and inspecting agency, location of
concrete batch in Work, design compressive strength at 28 days, concrete
mixture proportions and materials, compressive breaking strength, and type
of break for both 7- and 28-day tests.
12. Nondestructive Testing: Impact hammer, sonoscope, or other nondestructive
device may be permitted by Engineer but will not be used as sole basis for
approval or rejection of concrete.
13. Additional Tests: Testing and inspecting agency shall make additional tests of
concrete when test results indicate that slump, air entrainment, compressive
strengths, or other requirements have not been met, as directed by Engineer.
14. Testing and inspecting agency may conduct tests to determine adequacy of
concrete by cored cylinders complying with ASTM C 42/C 42M or by other
methods as directed by Engineer.
15. Additional testing and inspecting, at Contractor's expense, will be performed
to determine compliance of replaced or additional work with specified
requirements.
16. Correct deficiencies in the Work that test reports and inspections indicate dos
not comply with the Contract Documents.
D. Measure floor and slab flatness and levelness according to ASTM E 1155
(ASTM E 1155M) within 48 hours of finishing.
END OF SECTION 033000

CONCRETE FINISHING
SECTION: 03 35 00
CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 1
REVISION: 0
SECTION 03 35 00
CONCRETE FINISHING
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART 1 GENERAL
1.01 SECTION INCLUDES... 3
1.02 RELATED DOCUMENTS. 3
1.03 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT. 3
1.04 REFERENCES.. 3
1.05 SUBMITTALS. 4
1.06 QUALITY ASSURANCE... 4
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS 5

2.02 REPAIR AND FINISHING MATERIALS. 5
2.03 CURING MATERIALS.. 5
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 REPAIR OF SURFACE DEFECTS. 6

3.02 FINISHING OF FORMED SURFACES.. 7
3.03 SLABS AND FLATWORK 9
3.04 CURING..10
3.05 PROTECTION11
3.06 TOLERANCES.. 11
SECTION: 03 35 00
CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 2
REVISION: 0
SECTION 03 35 00
CONFERENCE FINISHING
PART 1 GENERAL
A. Repair of Surface defects.
B. Finishing of formed surfaces.
C. Slabs and flatwork.
D. Curing
A. Concrete formwork is specified in Section 03 11 00 Concrete Forming.
B. Cast-in-place concrete is specified in Section 03 30 00 Cast-in-Place

Concrete.
A. Measurement: Repair of surface defects, finishing, and curing of concrete

will not be measured separately for payment.
B. Payment: Repair of surface defects, finishing, and curing of concrete will

be paid for as part of the indicated Contract unit price for the associated
concrete work as indicated in the Bid Schedule of the Bid Form.
1.04 REFERENCES
A. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

(AASHTO):
1. AASHTO M182 Burlap Cloth Made from Jute of Kenaf.
B. American Concrete Institute (ACI):
1. ACI 117 Standard Specification for Tolerances

for Concrete Construction and Materials.
2. ACI 301 Standard Specifications for Structural

Concrete.
3. ACI 308 Standard Practice for Curing Concrete.
4. ACI 503.4 Standard Specification for Repairing

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CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 3
REVISION: 0
Concrete with Epoxy Mortars.
C. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
1. ASTM C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates.
2. ASTM C150 Specification for Portland Cement.
3. ASTM C171 Specification for Sheet Materials for Curing

Concrete.
4. ASTM C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane Forming
Compounds for Curing Concrete.
5. ASTM C881 Specification for Epoxy-Resin-Base Bonding

Systems for Concrete.
6. ASTM E1155 Standard Test Method for Determining FF

Floor Flatness and FL Floor Levelness
Numbers.
1.05 SUBMITTALS

requirements and procedures. Submittals involving exposed concrete finishes
require approval of the Engineer before they may be incorporated in the
Work.
B. Shop Drawings: Submit drawings, or diagrams to scale, that indicate the

location in plan and elevation of all concrete finishes.
C. Product Data: Submit manufacturers product data for manufactured

products.
D. Samples:
1. Submit 1/2-pint sample container of aluminium oxide and silicon

carbide abrasive grit for review and acceptance where non-slip
finish is indicated.
2. Submit samples not less than 300mm by 300mm in size of each

type of sand blast finish, indicating materials and methods used to
produce the sand blast finishes. Review by the Engineer will be for
color and texture only. Approved samples will become the Engineers
control samples.
A. Finishes:
1. Finishing of formed concrete surfaces shall conform to applicable

2. Finishes of slabs and flatwork shall conform to applicable

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CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 4
REVISION: 0
3. Special architectural finishes for formed concrete surfaces shall

conform with applicable requirements of ACI 301.
4. Bridge deck finishes shall conform to applicable requirements of

Caltrans Standard Specifications Section 51.
B. Curing: Conform to requirements of ACI 301 and ACI 308, as applicable, and
requirements specified herein.
C. Site Mock-Ups: Provide site-mock-ups, at least 900mm by 1200mm in size,

of finishes of formed surfaces in exposed locations and of exposed slab
finishes for the Engineers review and approval.
D. Site Mock-Ups of Architectural Concrete: Provide site mock-ups of

architectural concrete showing finish texture and pattern of exposed formed
concrete surfaces.
1. Size of mock-up shall be a minimum of 2.4m by 3m, unless otherwise

approved by the Engineer to be smaller.
2. The number of mock-up panels required shall be the number

necessary to obtain the Engineers approval of pattern and texture of
pane.
3. Approved mock-up shall be used as the standard for the aesthetic

quality of the surface finish of architectural concrete.
E. Requirements of Regulatory Agencies: Comply with air pollution regulations

of governing authorities for sand-blasting activities and operations.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
A. The Contractor shall furnish all materials, tools, equipment, facilities, and
services as required for performing the required concrete-finishing work.
2.02 REPAIR AND FINISHING MATERIALS
A. Portland Cement: ASTM C150, Type II, of same brand as used in the
work. Furnish white portland cement where required to produce color
matching color of surrounding concrete.
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CONCRETE FINISHING
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B. Aggregate:
1. For Bonding Grout: ASTM C33, washed clean sand passing a No.30
sieve.
2. For Patching Mortar: ASTM C33, washed clean, graded fine

aggregate of suitable size for areas to be repaired. Clean coarse
aggregate up to Size No. 8 may be added for repair of larger pockets
and voids.
C. Commercial Patching Mortar: A structural repair mortar may be furnished if

appropriate for the use and approved by the Engineer.
D. Epoxy Patching Mortar: As specified in ACI 503.4 for Epoxy Mortar.
E. Epoxy Adhesive: ASTM C881, Type II or Type V, epoxy-based bonding

agent.
F. Anti-Slip Abrasive Grit: Virgin grain aluminium Oxide or Silicon Carbide

particles, or a mixture of the two.
2.03 CURING MATERIALS
A. Damp Curing Materials:
1. Waterproof Sheet Materials: ASTM C171, waterproof paper with

white paper face, polyethylene film pigmented white, or white burlap-
polyethylene sheeting.
2. Burlap: AASHTO M182, of class or weight suitable for the use and
location. Do not use burlap where concrete is exposed to direct
sunlight.
B. Curing Compound: ASTM C309 liquid membrane-forming curing

compound, Type I, Class A or B as appropriate for the use or location.
1. Where concrete surfaces will receive architectural finishes, such as

resilient, floor coverings or paint, or membrane waterproofing,
membrane-forming curing compound shall not leave a coating or
residue that will impair bond of adhesive, paints, and coatings with
concrete.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 REPAIR OF SURFACE DEFECTS
A. Repair Standards: Repair of surface defects shall conform with applicable

requirements of ACI 301. When using epoxy mortar, conform with applicable
requirements of ACI 503.4.
SECTION: 03 35 00
CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 6
REVISION: 0
B. Surface Defects:
1. Repair of surface defects shall begin immediately after form removal.

For repair with epoxy mortar, concrete shall be dry.
2. Surface defects are defined to include: form-tie holes, air voids or

pockets, bug holes with a nominal diameter or depth greater than
6mm, honeycombed areas, rock pockets, visible construction joints,
fins and burrs.
3. Repair of surface defects shall be tightly bonded and shall result in

concrete surfaces of uniform color and texture, matching adjacent
surfaces, and free of shrinkage cracks.
C. Repair Work:
1. Remove honeycombed and other defective concrete down to sound

concrete. Saw-cut the edges perpendicular to the surface or slightly
undercut. Feather-edges will not be permitted. Dampen the area to
be patched and an area at least 150mm wide surrounding it to
prevent absorption of water from the patching mortar.
2. Where rock pockets or similar defects or voids expose steel

reinforcement, cutout to solid surface behind the reinforcing steel to
provide suitable key-lock for patching mortar. Patching mortar shall
envelope the exposed reinforcing bar.
3. Bond patching mortar to concrete with bonding grout or epoxy

adhesive. Bonding grout shall consist of 1 part portland cement to 1
part No.30 mesh sand, mixed to the consistency of a thick cream,
and then well brushed onto the concrete. Bond commercial patching
mortar to concrete in accordance with the manufacturers
instructions.
4. Make the patching mortar of the same materials and of

approximately the same proportions as used for the concrete, except
omit the coarse aggregate. Use not more than 1 part Portland
cement to 2-1/2 parts sand by damp loose volume, and substitute
SECTION: 03 35 00
CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 7
REVISION: 0
white portland cement for a portion of the regular gray portland

cement for a portion of the regular gray portland cement to produce
patching mix matching the surrounding concrete in color when dry.
Determine the proportion of white portland cement by trial mixes and
test areas, prior to repair of actual defective areas.
5. After surface water has evaporated from the area to be patched,

brush the bond coat well into the surface. When the bond coat begins
to lose water sheen, apply the patching mortar. Compact the mortar
into place and strike off so as to leave the patch slightly higher than
the surrounding surface. To permit initial shrinkage, leave the patch
undisturbed for at least 1 hour before being finally finished. Keep the
patched area damp for 7 days.
6. Neatly finish patched surfaces to match adjacent surroundings

surface texture of concrete. Grind or fill surfaces to produce level and
plumb, true planes.
7. For walls exposed in the finish work, form tie holes shall be patched
and finished flush with adjacent surface. For holes passing entirely
through walls, a plunger type injection gun or other suitable device
shall be used to completely fill the holes.
8. Patching of honeycombed areas or rock pockets that are too large

and unsatisfactory for mortar patching shall be cut out to solid
surface, keyed, and packed solid with matching concrete to produce
firm bond and flush surface. Patching shall match texture of adjacent
surfaces where exposed in the finished work.
9. Repair work in exposed locations that does not match the texture and
color of surrounding adjacent surfaces or that was not well performed
shall be removed and performed again until the repair work conforms
with Specification requirements.
10. Surfaces to receive membrane waterproofing shall have fins and

loose material removed, and voids and cracks patched flush with
adjacent surfaces.
11. Completed repairs shall be cured as herein specified under Article

3.04, Curing.
3.02 FINISHING OF FORMED SURFACES
A. Unexposed Surfaces:
1. Concrete that will not be exposed in the completed structure shall be

any form finish as specified in Section 03 11 00 Concrete Forming,
and ACI 301 for rough form finish.
2. Concrete to receive membrane waterproofing shall receive a smooth

form finish in accordance with ACI 301.
SECTION: 03 35 00
CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 8
REVISION: 0
B. Exposed Surfaces: Unless indicated otherwise, concrete that will be exposed

in the completed structure shall receive the following finishes as indicated:
1. Smooth Form Finish: Conform to ACI 301.
2. Smooth Rubbed Finish: Conform to ACI 301.
3. Grout Cleaned Finish: Conform to ACI 301.
4. Unspecified Finish: When finish is not specified, provide smooth

form finish as specified above.
C. Sand Blast Finish:
1. Blasting Operations and Requirements:
a. Apply sandblasted finish to exposed concrete surfaces where

indicated.
b. Perform sand blasting at least 72 hours after placement of

concrete. Coordinate with formwork construction, concrete
placement schedule, and formwork removal to ensure that
surfaces to be blast finished are blasted at the same age for
uniform results.
c. Determine type of nozzle, nozzle pressure, and blasting

techniques required to match the Engineers control samples.
d. Abrasive blast corners and edge of patterns carefully, using

back-up boards, to maintain uniform corner or edge line.
2. Depths of Cut: Use an abrasive grit of proper aggregate type and

gradation to expose aggregate and surrounding matrix surface to
match the Engineers control samples as follows:
a. Brush Sand Blast Finish: Remove cement matrix to expose

face of fine aggregate; no reveal.
b. Light Sand Blast Finish: Expose fine aggregate with

occasional exposure of coarse aggregate; maximum 1.5mm
reveal.
c. Medium Sand Blast Finish: Generally expose coarse

aggregate; 5mm to 6mm reveal.
3. Surface Continuity: Perform sand blast finishing in as continuous

operation as possible utilizing the same work crew to maintain
continuity of finish on each surface or area of work. Maintain patterns
of variances in depths of cuts as indicated.
4. Construction Joints: Use technique acceptable to the Engineer to

achieve uniform treatment of construction joints.
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CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 9
REVISION: 0
5. Protection and Repair:
a. Protect adjacent materials and finishes from dust, dirt, and

other surface or physical damage during abrasive blast
finishing operations. Provide protection as required and
remove from site at completion of the work.
b. Repair or replace other work damaged by finishing

operations.
6. Clean-up: Maintain control of concrete chips, dust, and debris in each

area of the work. Clean up and remove such material at the
completion of each day of operation. Prevent migration of airborne
materials by use of tarpaulins, wind breaks, and similar containing
devices.
SECTION: 03 35 00
CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 10
REVISION: 0
3.03 SLABS AND FLATWORK
A. Placement and Finishing Standards: Slabs and flatwork shall be

placed, consolidated, and finished in accordance with applicable
requirements of ACI 301. Coordinate with Section 03 30 00 Cast in
Place, as applicable.
1. High volume fly ash concrete (HVFAC) exhibits little or no bleed

water. Commence finishing as soon as power screeding is complete,
and commence initial curing as soon as finishing has been
completed.
B. Placement:
1. Slabs and flatwork shall be placed and finished monolithically. Strike

off and screed slabs to true, plane surfaces at required elevations,
and thoroughly compact concrete with vibrators, floats, and tampers
to force coarse aggregate below the surface. Finish slab within four
hours of concrete placement.
2. Whether indicated or not, in areas where drains occur, slope finished

slab to drains.
C. Slab Finishes: Unless indicated otherwise, slabs and flatwork shall receive
the following finishes as indicated:
1. Scratched Finish: Conform to ACI 301. Provide scratched finish for

slab substrates to receive cementitious toppings or finishes, such as
terrazzo or mortar setting bed for ceramic tile.
2. Floated Finish: Conform to ACI 301. Provide floated finish for track
slabs and mud slabs and for slabs and flatwork to receive roofing and
membrane waterproofing.
3. Troweled Finish: Conform to ACI 301. Provide troweled finish for

interior slabs and flatwork to be exposed in the completed structure,
for slabs to receive resilient floor coverings, and for flatwork to
receive elastomeric bearing pads.
4. Broom Finish: Conform to ACI 301. Exact texture and coarseness of

the broom finish shall match the approved site mock-up. Provide fine
or medium-coarse broom finish as indicated for exterior sidewalks
and paving, exterior ramps, equipments and transformer pads, and
subway invert slab.
5. Nonslip finish: Conform to ACI 301. Nonslip materials shall be

aluminium oxide and silicone carbide grit particles. Provide nonslip
finish for interior pedestrian ramps, walkways, subway cross-
passage floors, and other floor areas where indicated.
SECTION: 03 35 00
CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 11
REVISION: 0
6. Swirl Pattern Finish: Provide for garage floors or as indicated on the

architectural drawings. After basic floating operations have been
completed, hand float slabs using wood float to product a continuous
swirl patterned surface, free from porous spots, irregularities,
depressions, and small pockets or rough spots such as may be
caused by accidentally disturbing particles of coarse aggregate
embedded near surface. Use natural arm circular motion to produce
rows of approximately 300mm radius swirl pattern covering
approximately half of the preceding row with each successive row.
7. Unspecified Finish: When finish is not indicated or specified, provide

finishes as specified in ACI 301.
D. Surface Tolerances: As specified herein:
1. Flat Tolerance: Slabs and flatwork with troweled finish and with
nonslip finish.
2. Straightedge Tolerance: Slabs and flatwork with fine broom finish or

medium-coarse broom finish.
3. Bullfloated Tolerance: Slabs and flatwork with scratched finish with

floated finish, and with coarse broom finish.
E. Joints:
1. Construction, expansion, isolation, and contraction joints shall be

located as indicated. Construction joints shall act as contraction
joints. Where additional contraction joints are required to prevent
shrinkage cracks, saw-cut such joints. All joints shall be straight and
true to line.
2. Mark-off lines or edges at formed construction and expansion joints
shall be finished with 6mm radius curved edging tool, neat and true
to line, uniform throughout.
3.04 CURING
A. Curing Standards: Curing of concrete shall conform with applicable

requirements of ACI 301 and ACI 308, except that the duration of the curing
period shall be ten days. Curing with earth, sand, sawdust, straw, and hay
will not be permitted.
B. Curing Requirements:
1. Concrete shall be cured with water proof sheet materials, damp

burlap, or curing compounds.
2. Curing compounds shall not be used on top of ballasted aerial

structures and on surfaces when their use may be detrimental to
bonding of concrete, mortar, membrane waterproofing, calking and
sealants, adhesives, plaster, paint, or the specified surface finish or
coating.
SECTION: 03 35 00
CONCRETE FINISHING
PAGE 12
REVISION: 0
C. Damp Curing:
1. Vertical surfaces shall be cured by keeping the forms wet at all times
and by leaving the forms in place as long as possible as specified in
Section 03 11 00 Concrete Forming. After removal of forms,
concrete shall be kept continuously damp by fog spraying or
otherwise washing down the concrete in an accepted manner for a
minimum of seven days after placing. Protect exposed surfaces by
covering with sheets materials or burlap kept continuously moist.
2. Horizontal surfaces shall be cured and protected by covering the

finished surfaces with waterproof sheet materials or damp burlap, left
in place for a minimum of seven days and kept continuously moist.
3. Fog spray freshly placed slabs until finishing operations

commence. Allow no slabs to become dry until finishing operations
are complete.
D. Curing Compound: Application of curing compound shall conform to

3.05 PROTECTION
A. Protect exposed concrete surfaces, including flatwork, as required to

prevent damage from impact or strains.
B. Protect fresh concrete from drying winds, rain, damage, or soiling.
C. Refer to Section 03 30 00 Cast in Place Concrete, for additional

requirements.
3.06 TOLERANCES
A. Formed Surfaces: Conform with applicable requirements of ACI 117.
1. Where elastomeric bearing pads are indicated, the level plane upon
which bearing pads are placed shall not vary more than 1.5m from a
3m straightedge placed in any direction across the area and the area
shall extend a minimum of 25mm beyond the limits of the pads.
2. Bearing surfaces of girders on a slope or girders with a camber shall

be finished on a horizontal/level plane so that loads are uniformly
distributed over the entire surface of the elastomeric bearing pads.
3. The finished plane shall not vary more than 3mm from the elevation
indicated.
B. Slabs and Flatwork: Conform with applicable classification requirements of

ASTM E1155, and as specified in Section 03 30 00 Cast-in-Place Concrete.
SECTION: 03 45 13
ARCHITECTURAL PRECAST CONCRETE
PAGE 1
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SECTION: 03 45 13
PAGE 2
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SECTION 03 45 13
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.01 DESCRIPTION
A. General: This section includes the performance criteria, materials, production, setting and
erection of architectural precast concrete. The work performed under this section includes all
labor, material, equipment, related services, and supervision required for the manufacture and
erection of the architectural precast concrete work shown on the contract drawings.
B. Scope
1. Interior and exterior architectural precast unit pavers
2. Pedestal system for support of exterior precast unit pavers
3. Exterior architectural precast parapet and wall cladding panels
4. Complete mechanical anchorage system for wall cladding panels
1.02 RELATED WORK
A. Cast in Place Concrete - Section 03 30 00
B. Unit Masonry Section 04 20 00
C. Ornamental Metal Section 05 70 00
D. Fluid-Applied Protected Membrane Waterproofing and Roofing Section 07 14 00
E. Building Insulation Section 07 21 00
F. Curtain Wall System Section 08 44 00
A. Source Limitations: Obtain each type of unit paver, joint material, and setting material from one
source with resources to provide materials and products of consistent quality in appearance and
physical properties.
B. Mockups: Build mockups to verify selections made under sample submittals and to demonstrate
aesthetic effects and set quality standards for materials and execution. Mockups shall not be part of
completed work and shall be erected where they will not interfere with the work.
C. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at Project site to comply with requirements in
Division 01 Section "Project Management and Coordination."
D. Fabricator Qualifications:
1. A firm that is experienced in producing units similar to those indicated for this Project and with
SECTION: 03 45 13
PAGE 3
REVISION: 0
a record of successful in-service performance for at least 10 years.

2. A firm that assumes responsibility for engineering units to comply with performance
requirements. Engineering calculations shall be performed by a qualified professional engineer
who is legally qualified to practice in JAFZA and who is experienced in providing engineering
services of the kind indicated.
3. A firm that has sufficient production capacity to produce required units without delaying the work.
E. Installer Qualifications:
1. A firm that is experienced in installing units similar to those indicated for this Project and with
a record of successful in-service performance for at least 10 years.
1.04 SUBMITTALS
A. Design Mixes: For each concrete mix along with compressive strength and water-
absorption tests.
B. Shop Drawings: Detail fabrication and installation of units.
1. Indicate member locations with distinctive marks that match marks placed on the panels.
Provide plans, elevations, dimensions, corner details, shapes, cross sections and
relationships to adjacent materials.
2. Indicate aesthetic intent including joints, reveals, and extent and location of each surface finish.
3. Indicate separate face and backup mix locations, and thicknesses. Indicate locations,
extent and treatment of dry joints if two-stage casting is proposed.
4. Indicate welded connections by AWS standard symbols. Detail loose and cast-in hardware,
and connections.
5. Indicate locations, tolerances and details of anchorage devices to be embedded in or attached
to structure or other construction.
C. Samples to be submitted for range acceptance.
1. Samples of each finish type shall be submitted representing anticipated full range of
color and texture
2. Following range sample acceptance by the Architect, maintain one set of samples at
the manufacturers plant in a protected location as references for color and texture
acceptability
D. Samples for Verification
1. 3 samples: 300mm x 300mm x full thickness sample of each type of unit paver indicated.
2. 3 samples: 300mm x 300mm x full thickness sample of each type of parapet panel indicated
3. 3 samples: 300mm x 300mm x full thickness sample of each type of wall panel indicated
SECTION: 03 45 13
PAGE 4
REVISION: 0
4. 3 samples: Complete pedestal system

5. 3 samples: Anchorage system components
E. Mockups:
1. After samples approval but before production of units construct full sized mockups to verify
selections made under sample submittals and to demonstrate aesthetic effects and qualities
of materials and execution. Mockup to be representative of the finished work in all respects
including all anchors and pedestals as accepted on the final shop drawings.
2. Build mockups in the location and of the size indicated.
3. Obtain Architects approval of mockups before starting fabrication.
4. Maintain mockups during construction in an undisturbed condition as a standard for judging
the completed Work.
5. Demolish and remove mockups only when directed.
A. Store pavers on elevated platforms in a dry location. If units are not stored in an enclosed
location, cover tops and sides of stacks with waterproof sheeting, securely tied.
B. Store cementitious materials on elevated platforms, under cover, and in a dry location. Do not use
cementitious materials that have become damp.
C. Store aggregates where grading and other required characteristics can be maintained and
contamination avoided.
1.07 WARRANTY
A. Warrant precast concrete work, including anchorage, joint treatment and related components to
be free from defects in materials and workmanship, including discoloration, cracking and
spalling.
B. Warranty period for architectural precast unit pavers and wall panels shall be 10 years.
C. Warranty period for architectural precast unit paver pedestals shall be 5 years.
1.08 REFERENCE STANDARDS.
A. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI):
MNL-117-96 Quality Control for Plants and Production of Architectural Precast Concrete
Products
MNL-120-99 Design Handbook Precast and Prestressed Concrete
MNL-127-99 Erectors Manual - Standards and Guidelines for the Erection of Precast
Concrete Products
MNL-135-00 Tolerance Manual for Precast and Prestressed Concrete Construction
SECTION: 03 45 13
PAGE 5
REVISION: 0
B. Structural Steel Painting Council (SSPC)

SSPC-Paint 20 (2002) Zinc-Rich Primers (Type I, Inorganic, and Type II, Organic)
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 ARCHITECTURAL PRECAST CONCRETE TYPES (Material keys on drawings)

APC1 700m x 700mm x 50mm paver, Ground Floor interior, pale beige color.
APC-2 350mm x 1050mm and similar x 50mm paver, Ground Floor interior and exterior,
beige color.
APC-3 600mm x 600mm x 50mm paver, exterior roofs and terraces. Color and finish to
match APC-2
APC-4 600mm x (varies) x 50mm wall panel, parapets, building side. Color and finish to
match APC-2
APC-5 600mm x (varies) x 50 mm wall panel, swimming pool area. Color and finish to match
APC-2
2.02 MOLD MATERIALS
A. Molds: Rigid, dimensionally stable, non-absorptive material, warp and buckle free, that will
provide continuous and true precast concrete surfaces within fabrication tolerances indicated;
non-reactive with concrete and suitable for producing required finishes.
B. Mold-Release Agent: Commercially produced liquid-release agent that will not bond with, stain
or adversely affect precast concrete surfaces and will not impair subsequent surface or joint
treatments of precast concrete.
C. Form Liners: Units of face design, texture, arrangement, and configuration indicated. Provide
solid backing and form supports to ensure that form liners remain in place during concrete
placement. Use with manufacturers recommended liquid-release agent that will not bond with,
stain, or adversely affect precast concrete surfaces and will not impair subsequent surface or
joint treatments of precast concrete.
2.02 REINFORCING MATERIALS
A. Reinforcing Steel: ASTM A615/A615M, Grade 60 (Grade 420), deformed.
B. Weldable Reinforcing Bars: ASTM A706/A706M, deformed.
C. Plain-Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement: ASTM A185, fabricated from // as-drawn // galvanized
and chromate wash treated // steel wire into flat sheets.
D. Deformed-Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement: ASTM A497, flat sheet.
2.03 CONCRETE MATERIALS
A. Portland Cement: ASTM C150, Type I or III.
SECTION: 03 45 13
PAGE 6
REVISION: 0
1. For surfaces exposed to view use white cement, same type, brand, and mill source throughout
the precast concrete production.
2. Standard gray Portland cement may be used for non-exposed backup concrete.
B. Supplementary Cementitious Materials for unexposed surfaces only.
1. Fly Ash Admixture: ASTM C618, Class C or F with maximum loss on ignition of 3 percent.
2. Metakaolin Admixture: ASTM C618, Class N.
3. Silica Fume Admixture: ASTM C1240 with optional chemical and physical requirement.
4. Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag: ASTM C989, Grade 100 or 120.
C. Normal-Weight Aggregates: Except as modified by PCI MNL 117, ASTM C33, with coarse
aggregates complying with Class 5S. Provide and stockpile fine and coarse aggregates for each
type of exposed finish from a single source (pit or quarry) for entire project.
D. Face-Mix Coarse Aggregates: Selected, hard, and durable; free of material that reacts with
cement or causes staining; to match selected finish sample.
1. Gradation: Uniformly graded to match design reference sample.
2. Hard durable, quartz, marble, granite, or siliceous stone aggregates (to be determined) shall be
carefully graded from coarse to fine in proportions required to match approved samples.
3. Eliminate off color material from exposed aggregate.
4. Face-Mix Fine Aggregates: Selected, natural or manufactured sand of the same material as
coarse aggregate, unless otherwise approved by Architect.
5. Clean washed white sand.
6. Special fine aggregates produced by crushing exposed coarse aggregate used for finish.
7. Unexposed Surface (Backup) Concrete Aggregates: ASTM C33 // or C330 //.
8. Admixtures: Admixtures containing calcium chloride, or more than 0.15 percent chloride ions or
other salts by weight of admixture are not permitted.
9. Coloring Admixture: ASTM C979, synthetic or natural mineral-oxide pigments or colored water-
reducing admixtures, temperature stable and non-fading.
10. Air Entraining Admixture: ASTM C260, certified by manufacturer to be compatible with other
required admixtures.
11. Water: Potable; free from deleterious material that may affect color stability, setting, or strength
of concrete and complying with chemical limits of PCI MNL 117.
2.04 STAINLESS-STEEL CONNECTION MATERIALS
A. Stainless-Steel Plate: ASTM A666, Type 304, of grade suitable for application.
B. Stainless-Steel Bolts and Studs: ASTM F593, alloy 304 or 316, hex-head bolts and studs;
SECTION: 03 45 13
PAGE 7
REVISION: 0
stainless-steel nuts; and flat, stainless steel washers. Lubricate threaded parts of stainless steel
bolts with an anti-seize thread lubricant during assembly.
C. Stainless-Steel Headed Studs: ASTM A276 and bearing the minimum mechanical properties for
studs as indicated under PCI MNL 117, Table 3.2.3.
2.05 GROUT MATERIALS

A. Portland-Portland Cement Grout: ANSI A108.10, composed of white or gray cement, unfading
mineral pigments and white or colored sand to produce required color.
B. Latex Additive: Manufacturer's standard water emulsion, serving as replacement for part or all of
gaging water, of type specifically recommended by latex-additive manufacturer for use with field-
mixed sand-Portland cement grout.
C. Available Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, manufacturers offering latex

additives that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:
1. Boiardi Products Corporation.

2. Bonsal, W. R. Company.
3. Bostik Findley Inc.
4. C-Cure.
5. Custom Building Products.
6. DAP Inc.
7. Jamo Inc.
8. Laticrete International, Inc.
9. MAPEI Corp
10. Or approved equivalent
2.06 MOLD FABRICATION

A. Molds: Accurately construct and maintain molds, mortar tight, within fabrication tolerances and of
sufficient strength to withstand pressures due to concrete-placement and vibration operations
and temperature changes.
1. Form joints are not permitted on faces exposed to view in the finished work.
2. Edge and Corner Treatment: Uniformly radiused to approved radius.
3. Place form liners accurately to provide finished surface texture indicated. Provide solid backing
and supports to maintain stability of liners during placing of concrete.
4. Coat contact surfaces of molds with release agent before reinforcement is placed. Avoid
contamination of reinforcement by release agent.
SECTION: 03 45 13
PAGE 8
REVISION: 0
2.07 FABRICATION OF WALL PANELS

A. Cast-in Anchors, Inserts, Plates, Angles, and Other Anchorage Hardware: Fabricate anchorage
hardware with sufficient anchorage and embedment to comply with design requirements.
Accurately position for attachment of loose hardware and secure in place during precasting
operations. Locate anchorage hardware where it does not affect position of main reinforcement
or concrete placement. Weld headed studs and deformed bar anchors used for anchorage.
B. Furnish loose hardware items including steel plates, clip angles, seat angles, anchors, dowels,
cramps, hangers, and other hardware shapes for securing units to supporting and adjacent
construction.
C. Cast-in slots, holes, and other accessories in units as indicated.
D. Cast-in openings. Do not drill or cut openings or reinforcing without approval of Architect
E. Reinforcement: Comply with recommendations in PCI MNL 117 for fabrication, placing, and
supporting reinforcement.
2.08 PAVER PEDESTAL SYSTEM
A. Acceptable manufacturers:
1. American Hydrotech, Inc
2. Wausaw Tile Terra-Stand System
3. Westile Bison ScrewJack System
4. Or approved equivalent
2.09 FABRICATION TOLERANCES
A. Fabricate units straight and true to size and shape with exposed edges and corners precise and
true.
2.10 FINISHES
A. Panel faces shall be free of joint marks, grain, and other obvious defects. Corners, including
false joints shall be uniform, straight and sharp. Finish all exposed-face surfaces of units to
match approved finish.
B. Textured-Surface Finish: Impart by form liners to provide surfaces free of excessive air voids,
sand streaks, and honeycombs, with uniform color and texture.
C. Bushhammer Finish: Use power and hand tools to remove matrix and fracture coarse
aggregates.
D. Exposed Aggregate Finish: Use chemical retarding agents applied to concrete forms and
washing and brushing procedures to expose aggregate and surrounding matrix surfaces after
form removal.
E. Abrasive-Blast Finish: Use abrasive grit, equipment, application techniques, and cleaning
SECTION: 03 45 13
PAGE 9
REVISION: 0
procedures to expose aggregate and surrounding matrix surfaces.

F. Acid-Etched Finish: Use acid and hot-water solution, equipment, application techniques, and
cleaning procedures to expose aggregate and surrounding matrix surfaces. Protect hardware,
connections and insulation from acid attack.
G. Finish exposed edge surfaces of units to match face-surface finish.
SECTION: 03 45 13
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REVISION: 0
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.01 PREPARATION
A. Deliver anchorage devices that are embedded in or attached to the building structural frame or
foundation before start of such work. Provide locations, setting diagrams, and templates for the
proper installation of each anchorage device.
B. Examine supporting structural frame or foundation and conditions for compliance with
requirements for installation tolerances, true and level bearing surfaces, and other conditions
affecting performance. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been
corrected.
3.02 INSTALLATION
A. Erect level, plumb and square within the specified allowable tolerances. Provide temporary
supports and bracing as required to maintain position, stability, and alignment of units until
permanent connections are completed.
1. Install temporary steel or plastic spacing shims or bearing pads as precast concrete units are
being erected. Tack weld steel shims to each other to prevent shims from separating.
2. Maintain horizontal and vertical joint alignment and uniform joint width as erection progresses.
3. Remove projecting lifting devices and use sand-cement grout to fill voids within recessed lifting
devices flush with surface of adjacent precast concrete surfaces when recess is exposed.
4. Unless otherwise shown provide uniform grout joint widths of 5mm for interior paving and open
joints of 5mm for exterior paving and wall panels.
3.03 INSTALLATION TOLERANCES (TBD)
3.04 REPAIRS (CRITERIA TBD)
3.05 CLEANING
A. Clean all surfaces of precast concrete to be exposed to view, as necessary, prior to shipping.
B. Clean mortar, plaster, fireproofing, weld slag, and any other deleterious material from concrete
surfaces and adjacent materials immediately.
C. Clean exposed surfaces of precast concrete units after erection and completion of joint
treatment to remove weld marks, other markings, dirt, and stains.
1. Perform cleaning procedures, if necessary, according to precast concrete fabricators
recommendations. Clean soiled precast concrete surfaces with detergent and water, using stiff
fiber brushes and sponges, and rinse with clean water. Protect other work from staining or
damage due to cleaning operations.
2. Do not use cleaning materials or processes that could change the appearance of exposed
concrete finishes or damage adjacent materials.
SECTION: 03 45 13
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END OF SECTION
LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE ROOF INSULATION

SECTION: 03 52 00
PAGE 2
REVISION: 0
SECTION 03 52 00
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART 1 GENERAL
1.01 RELATED DOCUMENTS...3
1.02 SUMMARY3
1.03 DEFINITIONS...3
1.04 SUBMITTALS...3
1.05 QUALITY ASSURANCE.4
1.07 PROJECT CONDITIONS...4
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS.4
2.02 DESIGN MIXTURES..5
2.03 AGGREGATE LIHGTWEIGHT INSULATING CONCRETE.5
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 PREPARATION...6
3.02 MIXING AND PLACING..6
3.03 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL..6
3.04 DEFECTIVE WORK7
SECTION: 03 52 00
PAGE 3
REVISION: 0
SECTION 03 52 00
LIGHTWEIGHT INSULATING CONCRETE
PART 1 GENERAL
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and

Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this
Section.
1.02 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes cast-in-place perlite aggregate type lightweight

insulating concrete for locations as indicated on Drawings.
B. Related Sections include the following:
1. Division 3 Section 03 30 00 "Cast-in-Place Concrete".
2. Division 7 Section Building Insulation for board insulation.
1.03 DEFINITIONS
A. Lightweight Insulating Concrete: Low-density concrete, with an oven-dry unit

weight not exceeding (800 kg/cu. m), placed with or without embedded rigid
insulation board, at all roofs and as slope screed.
1.04 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated. Include mixing and
application instructions for each type of lightweight insulating concrete.
B. Shop Drawings: Include plans, sections, and details showing roof slopes,
lightweight insulating concrete thicknesses, embedded insulation board, roof
penetrations, roof perimeter terminations and curbs, control and expansion
joints, and roof drains.
C. Design Mixtures: For each lightweight insulating concrete mix.
D. Qualification Data: For Installer and testing agency.
E. Material Test Reports: For lightweight aggregates, from a qualified testing

agency, indicating compliance with requirements.
F. Material Certificates: For each of the following, signed by manufacturers:

SECTION: 03 52 00
PAGE 4
REVISION: 0
1. Cementitious materials.
2. Foaming agents.
3. Admixtures.
G. Field quality-control test reports.
H. Research/Evaluation Reports: For lightweight insulating concrete.

SECTION: 03 52 00
PAGE 5
REVISION: 0
A. Installer Qualifications: A firm that is approved by lightweight insulating

concrete manufacturer.
B. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent testing agency qualified

according to ASTM C 1077 and ASTM E 329 for testing indicated.
C. Fire-Test-Response Characteristics: Where lightweight insulating concrete is

part of a fire-resistance-rated roof-deck assembly, provide lightweight
insulating concrete identical to that used in assemblies tested for fire
resistance per ASTM E 119 by a testing agency acceptable to authorities
having jurisdiction.
1 Fire-Resistance Ratings: Indicated by design designations from

UL's "Fire Resistance Directory," from ITS's "Directory of Listed
Products," or from the listings of another testing and inspecting
agency.
D. FMG Listing: Provide lightweight insulating concrete evaluated by FMG as

part of a roof assembly and listed in FMG's "Approval Guide" for Class 1 fire
and noncombustible rating.
E. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at Project site to comply with

requirements in Division 1 Section "Project Management and Coordination."
A. Deliver materials in manufacturer's original undamaged packages or

acceptable bulk containers.
B. Store packaged materials to protect them from elements or physical damage.
C. Do not use cement that shows indications of moisture damage, caking, or

other deterioration.
1.07 PROJECT CONDITIONS
A. Do not place lightweight insulating concrete unless ambient temperature is

(4.4 deg C) and rising.
1 When air temperature has fallen or is expected to fall below (4.4

deg C), heat water to a maximum (49 deg C) before mixing so
lightweight insulating concrete, at point of placement, reaches a
temperature of (10 deg C) minimum and (27 deg C) maximum.
B. Do not place lightweight insulating concrete during rain or on surfaces

SECTION: 03 52 00
PAGE 6
REVISION: 0
covered with standing water.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS
A. Cementitious Material: Portland cement, ASTM C 150, Type I. Supplement

with fly ash, ASTM C 618, Class C or F.
B. Mineral Aggregate: ASTM C 332, Group I, perlite.
C. Foaming Agent: ASTM C 869.
D. Water: Clean, potable.
E. Air-Entraining Admixture: ASTM C 260.
F. Joint Filler: ASTM C 612, Class 2, glass-fiber type; compressing to one-half

thickness under a load of (172 kPa).
G. Steel Wire Mesh: Cold-drawn steel wire, galvanized, (1.04-mm) diameter,

woven into (50-mm) hexagonal mesh, and reinforced with a longitudinal
(1.57-mm-) diameter wire spaced (75 mm) apart.
H. Galvanized Plain-Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement: ASTM A 185, (50 by 50

mm), W0.5 by W0.5, fabricated from galvanized steel wire into flat sheets.
2.02 DESIGN MIXTURES
A. Prepare design mixtures of lightweight insulating concrete by laboratory trial

batch method or by field-test data method. For trial batch method, use a
qualified independent testing agency for preparing and reporting
proposed mixture designs.
1. Limit use of fly ash to not exceed 25 percent of portland cement by

weight.
2. Compressive Strength (28 Days): (16 Mpa); ASTMC 109/C 109/M.
B. Limit water-soluble chloride ions to the maximum percentage by weight of

cement or cementitious material permitted by ACI 301.
2.03 AGGREGATE LIGHTWEIGHT INSULATING CONCRETE
A. Produce lightweight insulating concrete using the minimum amount of water

necessary to produce a workable mix.
SECTION: 03 52 00
PAGE 7
REVISION: 0
1. Do not exceed maximum air content recommended by aggregate

manufacturer.
B. Perlite Aggregate Mix: Lightweight insulating concrete produced from

cementitious materials, water, air-entraining admixture, and perlite mineral
aggregates with the following physical properties:
1. As-Cast Unit Weight: (610 to 705 kg/cu. m) at point of placement,

when tested according to ASTM C 138/C 138M.
2. Oven-Dry Unit Weight: (385 to 480 kg/cu. m), when tested

according to ASTM C 495.
3. Compressive Strength: Minimum (860 kPa), when tested according

to ASTM C 495.
4. Cement-to-Aggregate Ratio, by Volume: 1:6.

SECTION: 03 52 00
PAGE 8
REVISION: 0
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 PREPARATION
A. Control Joints: Install control joints at perimeter of roof deck and at junctures
with vertical surfaces, including curbs, walls, and vents, for full depth of
lightweight insulating concrete. Fill control joints with joint filler.
1. Provide (25-mm-) wide control joints for roof dimensions up to (30 m)

in length; (38-mm-) wide control joints for roof dimensions exceeding
(30 m).
B. Wire Mesh: Cut mesh to fit around roof openings and projections.
Terminate mesh at control joints. Lap sides and ends of mesh at least (150
mm).
C. Welded Wire Reinforcement: Cut reinforcement to fit around roof

openings and projections. Terminate reinforcement at control joints. Lap
sides and ends of reinforcement at least (150 mm).
3.02 MIXING AND PLACING
A. Mix and place lightweight insulating concrete according to manufacturer's

written instructions, using equipment and procedures to avoid segregation of
mixture and loss of air content.
B. Install insulation board according to lightweight insulating concrete

manufacturer's written instructions. Place insulation board in wet, lightweight
insulating concrete slurry poured a minimum of (3 mm) over the structural
substrate. Ensure full contact of insulation board with slurry. Stagger joints
and tightly butt insulation boards.
1. Install insulation board in a stair-step configuration with a maximum

step-down of (25 mm).
C. Deposit and screed lightweight insulating concrete in a continuous operation

until an entire panel or section of roof area is completed. Do not vibrate or
work mix except for screeding or floating. Place to depths and slopes
indicated.
D. Finish top surface smooth, free of ridges and depressions, and maintain
surface in condition to receive subsequent roofing system.
E. Begin curing operations immediately after placement, and air cure for not less
than three days according to manufacturer's written instructions.
SECTION: 03 52 00
PAGE 9
REVISION: 0
A. Testing Agency: Engage a qualified independent testing and inspecting

agency to sample materials, perform field tests and inspections, and prepare
test reports.
B. Testing of samples of lightweight insulating concrete obtained according to

ASTM C 172, except as modified by ASTM C 495, shall be performed
according to the following requirements:
1. Determine as-cast unit weight during each hour of placement,

according to ASTM C 138/C 138M.
2. Determine oven-dry unit weight and compressive strength according

to ASTM C 495. Make a set of at least 6 molds for each day's
placement, but not less than 1 set of molds for each (500 sq. m)
of roof area.
3. Perform additional tests when test results indicate as-cast unit

weight, oven-dry unit weight, compressive strength, or other
requirements have not been met.
3.1 Retest cast-in-place lightweight insulating concrete according

to ASTM C 513 for oven-dry unit weight and compressive
strength.
3.04 DEFECTIVE WORK
A. Refinish, or remove and replace, lightweight insulating concrete if surfaces

are excessively scaled or too rough to receive roofing according to roofing
membrane manufacturer's written requirements.
B. Remove and replace lightweight insulating concrete that fails to comply with
requirements.
END OF SECTION 035200

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VOLUME IIIA - The Specfications - Concrete Works PDF

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ZONE 1 BLOCK 2 BUILDINGS MX-01 & MX-04

3.01 LAYOUT OF FORMWORK7

1.01 SECTION INCLUDES

C. Embedded items and openings in concrete.

D. Form release materials.

F. Field quality control.

1.02 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

A. Measurement: Concrete formwork will not be measured separately for

A. American Concrete Institute (ACI)

1. ACI 117 Standard Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete

2. ACI 301 Standard Specifications for Structural Concrete.

3. ACI 318 M Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete.

4. ACI 347 Formwork for Concrete.

1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Formwork Standards: Unless otherwise indicated, design, construct, erect,

1. Architectural Concrete: Forms of architectural concrete shall be

3. Concrete Mix Design: Design of formwork shall be coordinated with

2. Concrete Concealed from View: Provide material and work quality

C. Special Formwork Sections: Provide openings, offsets, sinkages, keyways,

D. Chamfered Corners: All external corners shall be chamfered, unless

E. Removal Features: Design formwork to be readily removable without impact,

A. General: Refer to Section 01 33 00 Submittal Procedures, Product Data,

1. Forming system and method of erection with associated details.

2. Shoring accompanied by design calculations. Include re-shoring

3. Locations of construction joints in plan and elevation views.

4. Locations and sizes of conduits, openings, recesses, pipes, ducts,

6. Chamfer strips for corner treatment.

7. Method and schedule for removing forms and shoring.

8. Method of detecting formwork movement during concrete placement.

C. Product Data: Submit manufacturers product data for manufactured

D. Samples: Submit form material, 300mm by 300mm of larger in size, for

1.06 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.07 JOB CONDITIONS

B. Do not apply superimposed loads to the structure until concrete has

A. Steel Forms: Proprietary, patented, or fabricated steel forms, using standard

B. Waffle Slab Forms: Not applicable.

C. Round Column Forms: Pressed or molded fiber-reinforced plastic or steel,

1. Provide forms which will not deflect under pressure of concrete

D. Form liners for Exposed and Architectural Concrete: Thermally formed,

E. Leakage Control Materials: Provide materials capable of producing flush,

1. Calking Compound: Silicone or polyurethane construction.

2. Tapes: Form film tape of polypropylene plastic treated with

F. Form Release Agent: Commercial formulation, silicone-free form-release

I. Dovetail Anchor Slots: 22 gage or heavier galvanized steel dovetail anchor

K. Miscellaneous Joint Strips: Preformed strips of reveals, rustications, and

A. Formwork General: Fabricate forms in accordance with approved Shop

1. Arrange form panels in symmetrical patterns conforming to general

2. Unless otherwise indicated, orient panels on vertical surfaces with

3.01 LAYOUT OF FORMWORK

1. Construct formwork in accordance with the approved Shop Drawings,

2. Make joint and seams mortar-tight. Install leakage control materials

3. Kerf wood inserts for forming keyways, reglets, and recesses in a

5. Brace temporary closures to prevent warpage or displacement and

7. Assemble forms in a manner that will facilitate their removal without

8. Construct molding shapes, recesses, and projections with smooth

9. Provide camber in formwork as required to compensate for

10. Provide construction openings in forms where required for concrete

11. Provide inspection and cleanout openings in forms at bottom of walls

12. Drill air escape holes in bottom members of block-outs.

C. Corner Treatment: Form Chamfers with 20mm on each leg, unless

1. Locate joints as indicated. Support forms for joints in concrete so as

3. Position joints perpendicular to longitudinal axis of pier, beam or slab

4. Locate joints in walls, vertically as indicated; at top of footing; at top