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Simple / Clean

Shale
Dirty

Complex

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 Good Porosity = Lots of Space for Petroleum

VP
=
VB Pore-Filling Cement Reduces Porosity
Quartz grain

Calcite cement
 Total Pore Space

Bulk Volume

Interconne cted Pore Space

Bulk Volume

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Definition of the Darcy Unit

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 Clastic Reservoir
100

Core permeability (md)

10

0.1

0.01

0.001
0 5 10 15 20 25

Core porosity (%)

Good correlation

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 100,000

10,000

1,000

Core permeability- (mD)

100

10

0.1

0.01

0.001
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Core porosity (%)

Poor correlation

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* (1-Sw)
* Sw
Hydrocarbon
Water

(1- )
Matrix

* Sw=amount of water per unit volume

* (1-Sw)=amount of hydrocarbon per unit volume

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Hydrocarbon

Water
Water

Sw = 100% Sw = 70%

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Saturation (Sw)

Empirical constant
(usually near unity) Resistivity of
a Rw formation water,

Sw = n
-m

Water m Cementation

f
exponent
saturation,
fraction
Saturation
exponent
Rt (usually near 2)

(also usually Resistivity of

near 2) Porosity, uninvaded
fraction formation, -m

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To be continued to next sessions
(Tool Theory and Interpretation)

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