Kobelco

Dynamic
Acera

Kobelco Construction Machinery America LLC

Control Valve

Kobelco Construction
Machinery America LLC.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-1
 CONTROL VALVE
7-2 Main control valve (SK210 SK290)
1. Appearance & specifications

Travel Right Travel Straight

Bucket
Travel Left
Boom

P1by-pass cut (Top)

&
Arm Conflux (bottom)
Swing

Boom Conflux

Arm

ArmV/R (top)
Swing &
Priority P2 by-pass cut
(bottom)
Negative Control (Pn)

PN2 Pressure relief valve

Note:
ORV Over load relief valve
MRV Main relief valve
AVR Arm variable recirculation

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-2
 CONTROL VALVE

Item Specifications
Model KMX15YB
Max pressure Mpa (psi) 37.7 (5467 psi)
SK210 210 x 2 (55 gpm)
SK250 238 X2 (62 gpm)
Max flow rate L/min (gpm)
SK290 238 X 2 (62 gpm)
SK330 235 X 2 (62 gpm)
Boom H Bucket H Arm R:
Set pressure of
Mpa (psi) 39.7 +/- 0.5 (5757 psi) at 30 l/min (7.9gpm)
Over load relief valve Other three placed :
37.7 +/- 0.5 (5757 psi) at 40 L/min (10.5 gpm)
Set pressure of 2.4 +/- 0.3 (348 psi) at 30 L/min (7.9 gpm)
Mpa (psi)
Neg-Con relief valve 2.4 +/- 0.3 (348 psi) at 30 L/min (7.9 gpm)
Pilot Pressure (Max) Mpa (psi) 2.4 +/- 0.3 (348 psi) at 30 L/min (7.9 gpm)
Spool Stroke mm (in) Cut Recirculation 8.5 (0.334 in) other 10.5 (0.413 in)

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-3
 MINOR CHANGE MAIN CONTROL VALVE

Travel Right
Travel Straight
Bucket
Travel Left
Boom

P1 by-pass cut (Top)

&
Arm Conflux (bottom) Swing

Boom Conflux

Auxiliary Valve Arm

Activation Port

Circuit
Relief
Low Flow Port

ArmV/R (top)
&
Auxiliary Port P2 by-pass cut (bottom)
(STD. Blank)

Front of Machine

Typical of SK210 SK250-6E Minor Change

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-4
 MINOR CHANGE MAIN CONTROL VALVE

Front of Machine

AVR
Arm Variable Regen
(top) Option Valve
Activation Port

Arm

P1 By-Pass Cut
(Top)

Boom Holding Valve

Boom
Conflux Boom

Bucket

Swing

Travel Right

Travel Left Main Relief

Travel Straight
Typical of MINOR CHANGE SK210 SK250
Dynamic Acera 01/2002
Page 7-5
 Main control valve (SK480)

Arm-1

Boom-2

Option-1
ARM-2
Swing

Boom-1 Travel

Bucket

Travel Left

Travel Straight

Main Relief
Valve

Toshiba

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-6
 Item Specifications
Part No. LS30V00002F1
Model Mpa (psi) UY36-105
Rated flow L/min (gpm) 370 X2 (98 X 2)
Main relief valve set pressure 31.7 (4550 psi)
Mpa (psi)
When power boost pressure 34.3 (4980 psi)
Over load relief valve set pressure
Boom H. Bucket H, Arm R 36.2 (5260 psi) at 30L/min (7.9 gal/min)
Mpa (psi)
Boom R. Bucket R, Arm H 34.8 (5050 psi) at 30L/min (7.9 gal/min)
Swing 26.4 (3840 psi) at 30L/min (7.9 gal/min)
Foot relief valve set pressure Mpa (psi) 3.2 (460 psi) 50L/min (13 gal/min)

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-7
 CONTROL VALVE
2. Cross-sectional view
1. Block of P1 side

2. Block of P2 side

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-8
 CONTROL VALVE

3. Travel straight section

Travel left section

4. Travel right section

Swing section

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-9
 CONTROL VALVE NEUTRAL

Neutral
P1 pump delivers oil through P1 port of main control valve. Oil flows through travel priority, work
spools for travel right, bucket, boom and P1 neutral cut spool. Pressurized oil from P1 Pump is
regulated by the low pressure relief valve. Pn1 port delivers oil to Pn1 port at pump regulator keeping
P1 pump at minimum flow.
P2 pump delivers oil to P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows to travel priority valve were the oil flow
is stopped, and to travel left spool, work spools for swing, arm and through P2 neutral cut spool. P2
Pump is regulated by the low pressure relief valve. Pressurized oil from P2 Pump is regulated by the
low pressure relief valve. Pn2 port delivers oil to Pn2 port at pump regulator keeping P2 pump at
minimum flow.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-10
 CONTROL VALVE

S/V
P2 P1 T

CMR1

PL1 MR1 CMR2

PTb PBL REV.

PAL FOR.
AL FOR.
TRAVEL PRIORITY TRAVEL LEFT
CT2
CP2 BL REV.
Drb LCs
SG
PBS RIG.
PBr REV.
CT1 SWING
PAr FOR. PAS LEF.
LEF. AS
Br REV.
TRAVEL RIGHT
BS RIG.
Ar FOR. CP1 (T3)

Dra
BOOM CONFLUENCE
LCc
PBc DIG.

BUCKET 39.7MPa
PAc DIS at30L

Bc DIG

Ac DIS 37.7MPa CCb

at30L PLc2 DIG.

Drd
LCb
PBb LOW.
Drc LCa ARM PBa DIS.
BOOM
PLc1
PAb RAI PAa DIG.

Bb LOW. Aa DIG.
39.7MPa 37.7MPa
CRb 37.7MPa at 30L CRa at 30L
at 30L
39.7MPa
at30L Ba DIS.
Ab RAI

ARM
CONFLUENCE
PCb
Pis

P1 NUTRAL CUT P2 NUTRAL CUT ARM VARIABLE

RECIRCULATION PCa
PA1 CCa

Pn2
Pn1
Pn1' 3.14MPa 3.14MPa Pn2'
at 35L at 35L Tn2
Tn1

(P3)
SE28
PBo1 P

PAo1

30
37.7MPa
at 30L 37.7MPa
AO1
at 30L
BO1 (P4)

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-11
 CONTROL VALVE NEUTRAL MINOR CHANGE

Neutral
P1 pump delivers oil through P1 port of main control valve. Oil flows through travel priority, functional
spools for travel right, bucket, boom and P1 neutral cut spool. Pressurized oil from P1 Pump is regulated
by the P1 neutral cut spool. The PSV (Proportional Solenoid Valves) at the pump regulator keeps P1
pump at minimum flow until the C-1 main computer activates the pump.
P2 pump delivers oil to P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows to travel priority valve were the oil flow
is stopped, and to travel left spool, work spools for swing, arm and through P2 neutral cut spool. P2
Pump is regulated by the P2 neutral cut spool. Pressurized oil from P2 Pump is regulated by the low
pressure relief valve. The PSV (Proportional Solenoid Valves) at the pump regulator keeps P2 pump
at minimum flow until the C-1 main computer activates the pump.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-12
 CONTROL VALVE NEUTRAL MINOR CHANGE

P2 P1 T T2

CMR1
MR1 CMR2
PBL
TRAVEL LEFT
PAL
AL
STRAIGHT TRAVEL CT2 CP2 BL
LCs
PBs
TRAVEL RIGHT PBs2
SWING Pss
CT1 P
1.4 PAs
As
Bs

CP1 (T3)

LCc BOOM CONFLUENCE

0.8
PB1

CCb PLc2
Drd
LCb

LCa PBa
ARM
PAa

Pisc
CRb Aa
CRa
CAr
Ba
X1 3.5
ARM
CONFLUENCE 0.4
0.4 0.4 Pis

ARM VARIABLE
P2 NUTRAL CUT RECIRCULATION PCa
CCa

TB PBo2
(P4)
PAo2

Ao2
50
Bo2

(P3)

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-13
 CONTROL VALVE BOOM CIRCUIT UP

Neutral
P1 pump delivers oil through P1 port of main control valve. Oil flows through travel straight, work
spools for bucket and boom, neutral cut spool, to low pressure relief valve and Pn1 port keeping P1
pump at minimum flow.
P2 pump delivers oil through P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows through work spools travel left,
swing, arm and neutral cut to low pressure relief valve and Pn2 port keeping P2 pump at minimum
flow.
Boom raise operation (Conflux circuit)
1. Secondary pilot oil from the operators joystick acts on boom spool, and the boom conflux spool.
a. Secondary pilot oil from the operators joystick enters port PAb of the boom spool located on the top of the
P1 section of the main control valve pushing the boom spool down.
b. Secondary pilot oil from the operators joystick enters port PB1 of the boom conflux spool located on the
P2 section of main control valve and moves the boom conflux spool (7) down.
2. The CPU outputs a command current (milliampere) to P2 neutral cut proportional solenoid valve (PSV-B)
located on the solenoid proportional valve block. The amount of current is determined from information given
to the CPU from low pressure sensor (SE3).
a. The PSV-B secondary pilot oil acts on the neutral cut spool port PCa located on the bottom of the P2
section of the main control valve block. Pilot oil acts upon the P2 neutral cut spool and moves P2 cut spool
closed.
3. With boom spool (8) shifted, P1 oil flow is diverted from work spools, neutral cut spool, low
pressure relief and Pn1 port. P1 pump is now considered on line.
a. Oil flow from P1 pump opens load check valve (21) CP1, downstream of travel right spool.
b. P1 pump, flows into parallel circuit (P4) and closes CT1 check valve.
4. P1 pump oil reaches boom spool (8) through LCb load check valve (21).
5. The pressure oil from P1 pump passes through and around boom spool (8), out port Ab of main
control valve to boom cylinder piston side.
6. With the boom confluence valve shifted a one way check valve allows oil from P2 section of the control valve
to join with the oil from the P1 Section of the control valve through CCb load check. Pump 2 is not on.
a. With P2 Neutral cut spool closed by the PSV-B solenoid valve oil is removed from low pressure relief
and Pn2 port. P2 pump is now considered on line.
b. Oil flow from P2 pump opens Cp2 load check valve located below travel left spool, and flow from P2 pump
is directed to parallel port P3.
c. Oil flow from P2 pump is now availabel for work spools swing, arm and boom confluence spool.
d. Secondary pilot oil from operators joystick has shifted boom confluence spool allowing oil from main
control valve P2 to join with control valve P1at one way check valve CCb.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-14
 CONTROL VALVE BOOM CIRCUIT UP

S/V
P2 P1 T

CMR1

PL1 MR1 CMR2

PTb PBL REV.

PAL FOR.
AL FOR.
TRAVEL PRIORITY TRAVEL LEFT
CT2
CP2 BL REV.
Drb LCs
SG
PBS RIG.
PBr REV.
CT1 SWING
PAr FOR. PAS LEF.
LEF. AS
Br REV.
TRAVEL RIGHT
BS RIG.
Ar FOR. CP1 (T3)

Dra
BOOM CONFLUENCE
LCc
PBc DIG.

BUCKET 39.7MPa
PAc DIS at30L

Bc DIG

Ac DIS 37.7MPa CCb

at30L PLc2 DIG.

Drd
LCb
PBb LOW.
Drc LCa ARM PBa DIS.
BOOM
PLc1
PAb RAI PAa DIG.

Bb LOW. Aa DIG.
39.7MPa 37.7MPa
CRb 37.7MPa at 30L CRa at 30L
at 30L
39.7MPa
at30L Ba DIS.
Ab RAI

ARM
CONFLUENCE
PCb
Pis

P1 NUTRAL CUT P2 NUTRAL CUT ARM VARIABLE

RECIRCULATION PCa
PA1 CCa

Pn2
Pn1
Pn1' 3.14MPa 3.14MPa Pn2'
at 35L at 35L Tn2
Tn1

(P3)
SE28
PBo1 P

PAo1

30
37.7MPa
at 30L 37.7MPa
AO1
at 30L
BO1 (P4)

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-15
 CONTROL VALVE BOOM CIRCUIT DOWN

Neutral
P1 pump delivers oil through P1 port of main control valve. Oil flows through travel straight, work
spools for bucket and boom, neutral cut spool, to low pressure relief valve and Pn1 port keeping P1
pump at minimum flow.
P2 pump delivers oil through P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows through work spools travel left,
swing, arm and neutral cut to low pressure relief valve and Pn2 port keeping P2 pump at minimum
flow.

Boom lower operation (Recirculation circuit)

1. Secondary pilot oil from operators joystick acts on the boom spool (8) moving spool up.
a. Port PBb is located on the bottom of main control valve P1 section.
b. Secondary pilot oil from joystick enters boom spool port PBb, and boom lock port PLc1 of the
boom lock selector valve (19). The boom lock selector valve spool (23) is moved to the right,
releasing the boom lock poppet (17).
2. With boom spool (8) shifted, P1 oil flow is diverted from work spools, neutral cut spool, low
pressure relief and Pn1 port. P1 pump is now considered on line.
a. Oil flow from P1 pump opens load check valve (21) CP1, downstream of travel right spool.
b. P1 pump, flows into parallel circuit (P4) and closes CT1 check valve.
3. P1 pump oil reaches boom spool (8) through LCb load check valve (21).
4. The pressure oil from P1 pump passes through and around boom spool (8), out port Bb of main
control valve to boom cylinder rod side.
5. With boom lock valve (17) CRb port open, return oil from the boom cylinder head flows through
main control valve Ab port to boom spool.
6. A part of the return oil flow from boom cylinder head end flows into recirculation chamber in the boom
spool (8), which directs the oil to the rod end of the boom cyliner to prevent cylinder cavation. The
remaining oil flows into the tank or return oil circuit.
Operation of boom lock valve (CRb)
1. With the movement of spool (23), the orifice G of bushing (79) closes, and the continuity between
passages (Sa) and (Sb) is cut. The holding pressure from the boom cylinder head side stops acting
on spring chamber (J) of boom lock valve (17).
a. Orifice (H) of bushing (79) is connected to drain port (Drc), spring chamber (J) of boom lock
valve (17) is connected to drain port (Drc) through passage (SB).
b. Since boom lock valve (17) is connected to drain port (Drc), the holding pressure on the boom
cylinder head side acts on it and moves rightward, and releases the locking.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-16
 CONTROL VALVE BOOM CIRCUIT DOWN

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-17
 CONTROL VALVE ARM CIRCUIT IN
Neutral
P1 pump delivers oil through P1 port of main control valve. Oil flows through travel straight, work
spools for bucket and boom, neutral cut spool, to low pressure relief valve and Pn1 port keeping P1
pump at minimum flow.
P2 pump delivers oil through P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows through work spools travel left,
swing, arm and neutral cut to low pressure relief valve and Pn2 port keeping P2 pump at minimum flow.

The arm variable recirculation spool is in the full stroke condition after the engine starts and is in the
forced recirculation condition pilot pressure at PSV-A is 25 kg/cm2 (355 psi).
CPU supplies 24 volts of power to swing parking brake solenoid SV-1, blocking pilot oil to Swing
parking brake, brake is on.
Arm-in operation (Normal recirculation)
1. Secondary pilot oil from operators joystick acts on the arm spool pushing the arm spool down. The
arm spool is located in the P2 section of the main control valve. CPU releases power to swing
parking brake, brake is released. CPU activates straight travel spool, straight travel soool is
shifted.
a. Port PBb is located on the top of main control valve P2 section, port PLc2 is on the bottom of
main control valve P2.
b. Secondary pilot oil from joystick enters boom spool port PAa, and boom lock port PLc2 of the
arm lock selector valve (19). The arm lock selector valve spool (23) is moved to the right,
releasing the arm lock poppet (17)
2. The CPU outputs a command current,
a. The arm variable recirculation proportional valve (PSV-A) located on the solenoid proportional
valve block through the mechatro controller from low pressure sensor (SE7).
b. Swing parking brake is released by the mechatro controller from low pressure sensor (SE7).
c. Power from CPU to swing parking brake solenoid (SV-1) is removed swing parking brake is
released.
d. The PSV-C proportional valve secondary pressure acts on Pis arm variable recirculation spool
(13) starts returning from the full stroke to the regular recirculation condition.Pro
3. The PSV-A proportional valve secondary pressure acts on Pis arm variable recirculation spool (13)
starts returning from the full stroke to the regular recirculation condition.
4. P2 pump delivers oil through P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows through work spools travel left,
swing, arm and neutral cut to low pressure relief valve and Pn2 port keeping P2 pump at minimum
flow.
a. With arm spool shifted P2 oil flow from P2 pump is stopped at the arm spool and diverted to CP2 load
check valve located below travel left spool opening valve.
b. P2 pump oil is stopped at CT2 one way check valve closing valve oil can not enter P1 port of main
control valve.
c. P2 pump flow is now in the P3 parallel port and available for swing circuit boom confluence circuit
and arm circuit.
d. With the arm spool shifted oil is removed from low pressure relief and Pn2 port. P2 pump is now
considered on line.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-18
 CONTROL VALVE ARM CIRCUIT IN
5. P2 pump flow reaches arm spool through LCa one way check valve.Oil flow from P2 flow travels around arm
spool out Aa port located in P2 main control valve to arm cylinder piston side.
cylinder (arm regeneration)
3. Return oil from Rod end is restricted for regeneration and return to Hydraulic tank.
6. Return oil form arm cylinder rod side is delevered to P2 main control valve port Ba.
a. Return oil from arm cylinder passes over arm holding valve which is in release condition, to arm spool.
b. After the oil passes around arm spool oil is diverted to the arm variable recirculation valve.
c. The arm recirculation valve will then make a determination from infromation from the CPU controller as
to the three paths for the return oil to take.
1. Return oil is ou restricted and allowed to return to hydraulic tank.
2. Oil is restricted from retuning to hydraulic tank and is allowed to help P2 oil feeding piston end of arm

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-19
 CONTROL VALVE ARM CIRCUIT OUT
Neutral
P1 pump delivers oil through P1 port of main control valve. Oil flows through travel straight, work
spools for bucket and boom, neutral cut spool, to low pressure relief valve and Pn1 port keeping P1
pump at minimum flow.
P2 pump delivers oil through P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows through work spools travel left,
swing, arm and neutral cut to low pressure relief valve and Pn2 port keeping P2 pump at minimum flow.

The arm variable recirculation spool is in the full stroke condition after the engine starts and is in the
forced recirculation condition pilot pressure at PSV-A is 25 kg/cm2 (355 psi).
Swing Parking brake applied.

Arm-out operation (two pump flow)

1. Secondary pilot oil from operators joystick acts on the arm spool pushing the arm spool up, and arm
confluence spool, pushing arm confluence spool up. P1 Neutral cut is shifted by CPU.
a. Secondary pilot oil from joystick enters arm spool port PBa spool located in the P2 section of
the main control valve.
b. Secondary pilot oil from joystick enters arm confluence spool port PA1pushing the spool up
located in the P1 section of the main control valve.
c. The CPU outputs a command current into P1 bypass circuit (PSV-D) located on the solenoid
proportional valve block through the mechatro controller from low pressure sensor (SE-8).
2. P2 pump delivers oil through P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows through work spools travel left,
swing, arm and neutral cut to low pressure relief valve and Pn2 port keeping P2 pump at minimum
flow.
a. With arm spool shifted P2 oil flow from P2 pump is stopped at the arm spool and diverted to CP2 load
check valve located below travel left spool opening valve.
b. P2 pump oil is stopped at CT2 one way check valve closing valve oil can not enter P1 port of main
control valve.
c. P2 pump flow is now in the P3 parallel port and available for swing circuit boom confluence circuit
and arm circuit.
d. With the arm spool shifted oil is removed from low pressure relief and Pn2 port. P2 pump is now
considered on line.
3. P2 pump flow reaches arm spool through LCa one way check valve.Oil flow from P2 flow travels around arm
spool out Aa port located in P2 main control valve to arm cylinder piston side.
4. Return oil form arm cylinder rod side is delevered to P2 main control valve port Ba.
a. Return oil from arm cylinder passes over arm holding valve which is in release condition, to arm spool.
b. After the oil passes around arm spool oil is diverted to the arm variable recirculation valve.
c. The arm recirculation valve will then make a determination from infromation from the CPU controller as
to the three paths for the return oil to take.
1. Return oil is ou restricted and allowed to return to hydraulic tank.
2. Oil is restricted from retuning to hydraulic tank and is allowed to help P2 oil feeding piston end of arm
cylinder (arm regeneration)
3. Return oil from Rod end is restricted for regeneration and return to Hydraulic tank.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-20
 SE26
SE22 SE23
P P P
a5 PSV1 a1 A1 A2 a2 PSV2 a6
PH1 PH2 SE27
P1 P2 P
a8
a9 TRAVEL BOOM
PN2 T INDEPENDENT

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

P
PN1 23 VALVE P2 6 L.H.
Dr
A2 BOOM
Pi2 12
1.0
T R.H.
5
A1 Pi1
1.0

24 P1
TRAVEL
INDEPENDENT
S/V
P2 P1 BUCKET
T T2
55
gpm 8
CMR1 2
a3 a4

M PL1 MR1 CMR2

1 10.0 ARM
cc/rev
135 Hp @ 2000rpm PTb PBL REV.
a5 7
Dr B1 B3 Dr3 A3 PAL FOR. 3
AL FOR.
TRAVEL PRIORITY TRAVEL LEFT
20 CT2
19 CP2 BL REV.
27 SWING
147kPa 490kPa Drb LCs PB DB
21 SG B
15 PBS RIG.
14-12.8 27.9 MPa
PBr REV. at180L
CT1 SWING
PAr FOR. PAS LEF.
17 18 LEF. AS
Br REV. TRAVEL RIGHT
BS RIG.
Ar FOR.
CP1 (T3)

Dra BOOM CONFLUENCE

LCc
P A
PBc DIG. M PG
PB1 PA
BUCKET 39.7 MPa
PAc DIS at 30L
0.8
C
TRAVEL Bc DIG
PILOT VALVE P T 13 Ac DIS 37.7 MPa CCb
at 30L PLc2 DIG.
D
Drd MB
B LCb LEFT 0.3 D
PBb LOW. TRAVEL
A Drc LCa ARM PBa DIS.
BOOM
11 PLc1
PAb RAI PAa DIG. 4
14 ACC
3 6 4 1 5 2
Bb LOW. Aa DIG.
RIGHT TRAVEL FORWARD 39.7 MPa 37.7 MPa
P SE10 P SE9 at 30L
RIGHT TRAVEL REVERSE CRb 37.7 MPa CRa at 30L VA
at 30L
LEFT TRAVEL FORWARD
39.7MPa VB
LEFT TRAVEL REVERSE at 30L Ba DIS. 0.6
Ab RAI X1 3.5
0.4 0.6
0.4 ARM
CONFLUENCE 0.4 9
PCb 0.4 Pis

P1 NUTRAL CUT P2 NUTRAL CUT ARM VARIABLE

RECIRCULATION PCa
PA1 CCa 0.3 Pcr35.8
MA P 37.3 MPa
C
1.7X4 A
1.7X4 F
E
BOOM&BUCKET Pn1 Pn2 D
ARM&SWING T P T P
PILOT VALVE B P
PILOT VALVE Pn1' 3.14MPa 3.14 MPa Pn2' MA Pcr35.8
at 35L at 35L 0.3 37.3 MPa
R.H. Tn1 Tn2
L.H.

10 10 (P3)
SE28
PBo1 P
0.6
PAo1

1 3 2 4 3 1 4 2 30 VB 0.6
37.7 MPa
CONTROL VALVE ARM CIRCUIT OUT

AO1 at 30L 37.7 MPa

at 30L
VA
BO1 (P4)

22
P P P P P P P P
1.0 4
SE8 SE7 SE6 SE5 SE4 SE3 SE2 SE1
RIGHT 0.3 MB D
TRAVEL
BUCKET DIGGING
1.2 BUCKET DISCHARGE
1.4 1.4

BOOM RAISING
26
BOOM LOWERING
SWING LEFT A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8
SWING RIGHT LOCK ATT P2 P1 ARM VARIABLE TRAVEL SWING
A1 TRAVEL
ARM DIGGING 25 NEUTRAL PRIORITY NEUTRAL RECIRCULATION 1/2SPEED P/B
LEVER BOOSTING CUT CHANGEOVER
ARM DISCHARGE T CUT

P 16
T.S

T
P1 P2

Page 7-21
 CONTROL VALVE BUCKET CIRCUIT DIG
Neutral
P1 pump delivers oil through P1 port of main control valve. Oil flows through travel straight, work
spools for bucket and boom, neutral cut spool, to low pressure relief valve and Pn1 port keeping P1
pump at minimum flow.
P2 pump delivers oil through P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows through work spools travel left,
swing, arm and neutral cut to low pressure relief valve and Pn2 port keeping P2 pump at minimum
flow.

Bucket digging operation single pump flow (voltage at SE-1 less than 2.5 volts)

1. Secondary pilot oil from the operators joystick acts on bucket spool moving the bucket spool up.
a. Port PBc is located on the bottom of main control valve P1 Section.
b. Secondary pilot oil form joystick enters boom spool port PBc, bucket spool is moved upward.
Flow and pressure in circuit is proportional the movement of joystick effecting SE-1 sensor.
2. With the bucket spool shifted P1 oil flow is diverted from the boom work spool, P1 neutral cut spool,
low pressure relief valve and Pn1 port. P1 pump is now considered on line.
a. Oil flow from P1 opens load check valve CP1 downstream of travel right spool.
b. P1 pump oil flow in to parallel circuit (P4) and closes CT1 check valve.
3. P1 pump oil flow reaches bucket spool through LCc check valve.
4. The pressure oil from P1 pump passes around bucket spool, out port Bc of main control valve to
bucket cylinder piston end.
5. Return oil from rod end of bucket cylinder is deleverd to bucket spool through Ac port located in the
P1 section of main control valve.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-22
 MB
TRAVEL D
MOTOR(RH)

SE26 4
SE22
P P P SE23
PSV-P1 (a5) (a1) A1A2 (a2) (a6) PSV-P2 INDEPENDENT TRAVEL VB
SE27 P T 23 VALVE
18

PSV-1
PSV-2
PH1 PH2

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

P1 P2 VA
(a8) P Dr
(a9) A2 P12 9
1.0
PN1 PN2
T
A1 P11
1.0
D MA P
24 IND. TRAVEL SOL. P1 F
B
E

~6Kg/cm 2
~6Kg/cm 2
C
A
P2 P1 T T2 MA P

(a3) (a4) CMR1

M 2
1 PL1 CMR2
(a7) PTb MR1 TRAVEL LEFT PBL REVERSE
Dr B1 B3 Dr3 A3 TRAVEL PRIORITY PAL FORWARD
CT2 AL FORWARD VA
CP2
19 20 147KPa BL REVERSE VB
490KPa Drb TRAVEL RIGHT 14.0-12.8
21 27
REV PBr CT1 LCs
FOR PAr PBS RH 4TRAVEL
15 CP1 SWING PAS LH
REV Br MOTOR(LH) MB D
17 AS LH
FOR Ar
LCc
BS RH
DIG PBc
P (T3) SWING
Dra BUCKET
DUMP PAc 39.7MPa
C BOOM
at30L PB M DB
TRAVEL
14 DIG Bc CONFLUX B 3
PB1 0.8
PILOT VALVE P T 37.7MPa
A DUMP Ac at30L
13 ACC

B CCb
PLc2 IN
D
11 LCb
Drd
6 5 DOWN PBb

at30L
4 3 2 1 RIGHT TRAVEL REVERSE Drc BOOM 37.7MPa LCa ARM PBa OUT

39.7MPa
P SE10 P SE9 at30L
RIGHT TRAVEL FORWARD A
UP PAb PAa IN PA PG
LEFT TRAVEL REVERSE
LEFT TRAVEL FORWARD Aa IN
LOW Bb

at30L
CRb 39.7MPa CRa

37.7MPa
PLc1 at30L
ARM & SWING T P BOOM & BUCKET T P
UP Ab Ba OUT
PILOT VALVE PILOT VALVE X1 3.5

ARM CONFLUX ARM

PCb Pis H
10 10
P1 BY-PASS CUT P2 BY-PASS CUT ARM VARIABLE
RECIRCULATION PCa R
PA1 CCa 7
5 6 8 7 1 2 4 3
1.7X4 1.7X4 23
(Pn1) (Pn2)
Pn1' 3.14MPa 3.14MPa Pn2' BOOM

SL
SR
AK
AR
BK
BR
B

BA
H R
(Tn1) at35L at35L H
Tn2
22 1.0
(P3) 6 (LH)

S
SC
AC
BC
BD
BL

AD
BH
SE28
(PBo1) P
12 SE1 (PAo1)
P BUCKET DIGGING H
(OPTIONAL) R
5 (RH)
SE2
CONTROL VALVE BUCKET CIRCUIT DIG

P BUCKET DUMP 37.7MPa

30 BUCKET
SE3 at30L
P BOOM UP (A01) 37.7MPa R
at30L (P4) H
SE4 (B01)
P BOOM DOWN

P
SE5
SWING LH
24
1.4 8
SE6
P SWING RH
1.4
SE7
P ARM IN
SE8
P ARM OUT SWING PRIORITY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8
SOL.
1.2 LEVER ATT P2 TRAVEL P1 ARM TRAVEL SWING
25 T
LOCK BOOSTING BY-PASS STRAIGHT BY-PASS VARIABLE 2-SPEED P/B
A1 P CUT CUT RECIRCULATION CHANGEOVER
TS
16
T SV-4 SV-2 PSV-B PSV-C PSV-D PSV-A SV-3 SV-1
P1 P2

SK210/SK250(LC)-VI BUCKET DIGGING (Two pump flow) WITH POWER BOOST

Page 7-23
 CONTROL VALVE BUCKET DIG TWO PUMP FLOW
Neutral
P1 pump delivers oil through P1 port of main control valve. Oil flows through travel straight, work
spools for bucket and boom, neutral cut spool, to low pressure relief valve and Pn1 port keeping
P1 pump at minimum flow.
P2 pump delivers oil through P2 port of main control valve. Oil flows through work spools travel left,
swing, arm and neutral cut to low pressure relief valve and Pn2 port keeping P2 pump at minimum
flow.

Bucket digging operation two pump flow (voltage at SE-1 greater than 2.5 volts)

1. Secondary pilot oil from the operators joystick acts on bucket spool moving the bucket spool up.
a. Port PBc is located on the bottom of main control valve P1 Section.
b. Secondary pilot oil form joystick enters boom spool port PBc, bucket spool is moved upward.
Flow and pressure in circuit is proportional the movement of joystick effecting SE-1 sensor.
2. With the bucket spool shifted P1 oil flow is diverted from the boom work spool, P1 neutral cut
spool, low pressure relief valve and Pn1 port. P1 pump is now considered on line.
a. Oil flow from P1 opens load check valve CP1 downstream of travel right spool.
b. P1 pump oil flow in to parallel circuit (P4) and closes CT1 check valve.
c. P1 pump oil flow reaches bucket spool through LCc check valve.
3. The CPU outputs a command current (milliampere) to P2 neutral cut proportional solenoid valve (PSV-B)
and the travel priority proportional solenoid valve (PSV-C). The amount of current is determined from
information given to the CPU from low pressure sensor (SE-1).
a. The PSV-B secondary pilot oil acts on the neutral cut spool port PCa located on the bottom of the P2
section of the main control valve block. Pilot oil acts upon the P2 neutral cut spool and moves P2 cut spool
closed.
b. The PSV-C secondary pilot oil acts on the travel priority spool port PTa located on the top of the P1
section of the main control valve block. Pilot oil acts upon the travel priority spool and moves the travel
priority spool closed.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

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 CONTROL VALVE TRAVEL PRIORITY SPOOL ACTIVE
Travel Priority Spool Active (shifted)
With the travel spool active oil flow from P2 and P1 pump is redirected.
1. P1 pump oil enters the main control valve P1 section, oil flows through travel priority spool and is
directed away from the center section of P1 main control valve.
a. Oil from P1 pump enters P4 parallel gallery through CT1 one way check valve, with no
passage to oil cooler or hydraulic tank.
b. Oil from P1 pump is directed through CT2 one way check valve and enters P3 gallery located
in the P2 section of the main control valve, with no passage to oil cooler of hydraulic tank.
c. P1 pump oil closes one way check valve CP2, stopping the P1 pump oil from entering the
center section of P2 main control valve.
2. P2 pump oil enters the P1 section of the main control valve and is directed by the travel priority
valve.
a. P2 pump oil now enters P1 main control valve center section, and flows to cooler and tank.
b. P2 pump oil enters P2 main control valve center section, and flows to cooler and tank.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-25
 CONTROL VALVE BUCKET DIGGING SK330
Bucket digging operation (Conflux circuit) (SK330)
1. With bucket digging operation, the pilot secondary pressure acts on PBc port on the bucket
section of block on P1 side and moves bucket spool (5) upward.
2. Concurrently, low pressure sensor (SE1) senses and outputs the command current into P2 cut
(PSV-B) and travel straight (PSV-C) valves on the solenoid/proportional valve block command
current through mechatro controller.
3. The proportional valve secondary pressure from P2 cut proportional valve (PSV-B) acts on PCa
port on arm variable recirculation & P1 cut section of block on P2 side and moves P2 cut spool
(12) upward.
4. And the proportional valve secondary pressure acts on PTb on the travel straight section of the
block on P1 side and moves travel straight spool (1) upward.
Note: 1. For items and , with the bucket digging operation, P2 cut spool (12) is
switched in proportion to the pilot secondary pressure, and by-pass circuit (52)
on P2 side starts closing, and travel straight spool (1) is switched, and finally
by-pass circuits (50, 52) on P1 and P2 sides, and parallel circuits (51, 53) on P1
and P2 sides are connected.
2. The reason why arm conflux variable recirculation and P2 cut on P2 cut section
actuate is that the oil in A chamber flows into drain circuit (57) through passage
B at the center of spool (12), moving respective spool.
5. P1 pump delivery oil flows into by-pass circuit (51) on P1 side and parallel circuit (51) on P1 side
through P1 port of block on C/V P1 side, because the travel straight spool (1) on the travel
straight section.
6. The delivery oil opens load check valve (21) CT1 through parallel circuit (51) on P1 side and flows
into the downstream. Concurrently, the delivery oil opens load check valve (21) CT2 on the block
on P2 side and flows into parallel circuit (53) on P2 side, but it comes to a stop.
7. P2 pump delivery oil flows into by-pass circuit (52) on P2 side on the upperstream of travel
straight section through P2 port of the block on C/V P1 side, but it comes to a stop because P2
cut spool (12) on the arm variable recirculation & P2 cut section of block on P2 side is moved.
8. On the other hand, the delivery oil flows into by-pass circuit (50) because travel straight spool is
moved.
9. Because bucket spool (5) on the bucket section of is moved, the pressure oil opens load check
valve (21) CP1 on the donwstream of travel right section and flows into parallel circuit (51) on P1
side.
10. The P1 and P2 delivery oil is confluxed in parallel circuit (51) on P1 side, opens load check valve
(21) LCc, and flows into bucket spool (5) through U-shaped passage.
11. The delivery oil passes through around bucket spool (5), and fed into the bucket cylinder head
side through C/V BC port and bucket digging circuit (60).
12. On the other hand, the return oil from the bucket cylinder rod side flows through bucket dumping
circuit (61) and C/V Ac port, and is led into bucket spool (5).
13. The delivery oil passes through around the bucket spool, and finally returns into hydraulic tank
through tank circuit (56).
Note: 1. For the bucket dumping operation, the operation is the reverse of the bucket
section, and for others the operation is the same as the digging operation.
2. The bucket conflux circuit functions only when the independent operation, but
not confluxed in the combined operation.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-26
 CONTROL VALVE SWING

6. Slewing right operation

1. With slewing right operation, the pilot secondary pressure acts on PBs port on the slewing
section of block on P2 side and moves bucket spool (4) upward.
2. P2 pump delivery oil flows through the travel straight section through the P2 port of block on
C/V P1 side from by-pass circuit (52) on P2 side on the upperstream of the travel straight
section, and is led into by-pass circuit (52) on P2 side.
3. Because slewing spool (4) of the slewing section is moved, and by-pass circuit (52) on P2
side closes, load check valve (21) CP1 on the downstream of travel left section opens, and
finally the delivery oil flows into parallel circuit (53) on P2 side.
4. And the pressure oil opens load check valve (21) LCs through parallel circuit (53) on P2 side
and reaches to slewing spool (4) through U-shaped passage (75).
5. The pressure oil flows into P chamber in the inside of spool through perforation around slewing
spool (4) and passes through perforation again, and flows into slewing left rotation circuit (67)
and is led into slewing spool (4).
6. On the other hand, the return oil from the slewing motor B port flows through C/V As port from
slewing left circuit (67) and is led into slewing spool (4).
7. The pressure oil passes through perforation around slewing spool (4), flows into Q chamber
in the inside of spool and passes through perforation again, and finally returns into hydraulic
tank through tank circuit (56).

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-27
 CONTROL VALVE SWING AND ARM IN

9. Arm-in and slewing simultaneous operation (Slewing priority circuit)

1. With arm-in and slewing right simultaneous operation, arm spool (9) and arm variable
recirculation spool (13) move down and slewing spool (4) moves up the same as in respective
independent operation.
Note: For details of for each operation, see Articles for arm-in and slewing right
operation.
2. Then, the arm variable recirculation control command varies according to the slewing right
operation pilot pressure, and arm variable recirculation spool (13) is switched forcedly to
the recirculation condition, therefore the return oil from the rod side is used in precedence
to others, resulting in the high working pressure. And the P2 pump delivery oil flows into the
slewing section as the working pressure is low in precedence to others.
3. And, the slewing operation is allowed even under the conditions such as push-on digging,
slant digging, etc., where the slewing load is higher than the arm operating load, securing
the arm operating speed at the same time.
4. Usually, when the pumping load becomes high (P2 pressure: 200 kgf/cm or more), arm
variable recirculation spool (13) is switched in the recirculation cut condition, but when it is
operated concurrently with slewing operation, the slewing priority control functions,
consequently the recirculation cut and sequence confluxing operation are not performed.

Dynamic Acera 01/2002

Page 7-28