Inglés Específico

30/11/2017 Curso Ingls
Esta asignatura, adems de dotar a los alumnos de unas destrezas generales en el idioma extranjero para
desenvolverse en diferentes contextos, ofrece el desarrollo de un mdulo especfico para estudiantes de msica. Se
trata de 8 temas enfocados a:
Desarrollar un vocabulario musical tcnico y no tcnico, en relacin a los contextos orales y escritos.
Desarrollar la comprensin lectora en ingls mediante la lectura de artculos y textos acadmicos sobre ms
Escuchar charlas y conferencias breves sobre temas de msica con un enfoque en el anlisis crtico, para e
EMILIO TOST ZAFRA desarrollo de habilidades que permitan extraer la idea principal.
Volver a Mi Plan de estudios
Recursos
1. The basics 5. Musical Instruments and composition
Gua docente
English B1 Vocabulary: Elements of music notation Vocabulary: Families of musical instruments
Reading: Digital music revolution Reading: Orchestration and arrangement
Ingls especfico Listening: Music software Listening: Album review
Listening quiz on music software Listening quiz on an album review
Programacin semanal
Documentacin
2. Elements of music 6. My music profile
TV Digital
Vocabulary: Music, sound and intervals Vocabulary: Music jobs
Presenciales virtuales Reading: The propierties of musical sound Reading: Amanda's cover letter
Lecciones magistrales Listening: Music intervals Listening: Music job description
Listening quiz on music intervals Listening quiz on a music job description
UNIRTV
Comunicaciones 3. Modes, scales and chords 7. Music history
ltima hora
Vocabulary: Musical Scales and Modes Vocabulary: From Medieval to 20th-century pe
Correo Reading: Crazy jazz scales Reading: Short Biography of Ludwig van
Listening: Building chords Beethoven
Foros
Listening quizz on building chords Listening: Music history period
Blogs Listening quiz on a music history period
Actividades
4. Musical genres 8. Music research and academic writing
Envo de actividades
Resultado de actividades Vocabulary: Classical and Popular Music Vocabulary: Academic writing in music researc
Reading: A music brochure Reading: Writing a music research proposal
Listening: Music lecture Listening: Music interview
Listening quiz on a music lecture Listening quiz on a music interview
https://humanidadesonline.unir.net/cursos/gmu04_B1_PER93_2/?ag=0&idtarea=&subtipo= 1/1
Vocabulary: Elements of music notation
Warning: Never learn new words without listening to how they sound. You can use
www.wordreference.com or www.howjsay.com to listen to the pronunciation of the
words.
List of music notation fundamentals
Nouns Phonetics Meaning Example
A musical staff (or stave) has five lines and

/stf / or four spaces.
Staff or stave Pentagrama
/stev/ Un pentagrama tiene cinco lneas y cuatro
espacios.
Ledger lines extend above and below the

/led/ Lnea staff.
Ledger line
/lan/ adicional Las lneas adicionales prolongan el
pentagrama por encima y por debajo.
Bar lines separate notes into different

/b/
Barra groups of notes and rests.
Bar line /lan/ divisoria Las barras divisorias separan las notas en
diferentes grupos de notas y silencios.
The shape of the treble clef comes from an

/trebl/ upper-case-G.
Treble clef Clave de sol
/klef/ La forma de la clave de sol proviene de una
G mayscula.
The shape of the bass clef comes from an

/bes/ upper-case-F.
Bass clef Clave de fa
/klef/ La forma de la clave de fa proviene de una
F mayscula.
The C clef is commonly used in viola or

/si/ cello music.
C Clef Clave de do
/klef/ La clave de do se utiliza habitualmente en
la msica para viola o violonchelo.
A sharp raises the pitch of a note one

semitone.
Sharp /p/ Sostenido
Un sostenido aumenta la altura de la nota
en un semitono.
A flat lowers the pitch of a note one

semitone.
Flat /flt/ Bemol
Un bemol disminuye la altura de la nota en
un semitono.
When you see a natural sign you have to

play the natural version of the note.
Natural /ntrl/ Becuadro
Cuando veas un becuadro tienes que tocar
la versin natural (original) de la nota.
/e /
/bi/
/si/ The names of the notes are A, B, C, D, E, F,
La, Si, Do, and G.
A, B, C, D, E,
/di/ Re, Mi, Fa,
F, G Los nombres de las notas son La, Si, Do,
Sol
/i/ Re, Mi, Fa y Sol.
/ef/
/di /
The most common time signatures are 2/4,

Time /'tam/ 3/4 and 4/4.
Comps
signature /snt/ Los compases ms comunes son 2/4, 3/4 y
4/4.
The key signature fits between the clef and

Key /ki/ the time signature.
Armadura
signature /snt / La armadura se coloca entre la clave y el
comps.
/hl/ Redonda A whole note is represented by an oval.

Whole note
/nt/ (americano) Una redonda se representa con un valo.
How do you play a semibreve with the

Redonda
Semibreve /sembriv/ piano?
(britnico)
Cmo tocas una redonda con el piano?
Do you know how to play half notes on the

/hf/ Blanca
Half note violin?
/nt/ (americano)
Sabes cmo tocar blancas en el violn?
Blanca A minim is half as long as a semibreve.

Minim /mnm/
(britnico) Una blanca es la mitad de una negra.
You can play a simple melody with quarter

/kwt/ Negra notes
Quarter note
/nt/ (americano) Puedes tocar una meloda sencilla con
negras.
A crotchet has one-fourth the time value of

Negra a semibreve
Crotchet /krtt/
(britnico) Una negra tiene una cuarta parte del valor
del tiempo de una redonda.
Rest names are the same that the notes

length.
Rest /rest/ Silencio
El nombre de los silencios es el mismo que
el de la duracin de las notas.
The stem is the part that sticks up or down

from the note.
Stem /stem/ Plica
La plica es la parte que sobresale hacia
arriba o hacia abajo de la nota.
The head is the round part of the note.

Head /hed/ Cabeza La cabeza es la parte redondeada de la
nota.
The dot increases the duration of a note.

Dot /dt/ Puntillo El puntillo incrementa la duracin de una
nota.
Sixteenth notes have two flags.

Flag /fl/ Corchete
Las semicorcheas tienen dos corchetes.
A ligature is a curved line over a group of

notes.
Ligature /lt/ Ligadura
Una ligadura es una lnea curva sobre un
grupo de notas.
Reading: Digital music revolution
Digital music is the conversion of analog audio to a digital format. Officially, in 1982
(31 years ago), the CD was the first technology to start the digital music revolution.
However, since smartphones or iPods appeared, the CD player is considered
outdated, almost as a relic.
Nowadays, the term digital music most commonly refers to the music files we listen
to on our computers. Nearly all music distributed today is digital. In fact, almost every
piece of music you hear has been digitized in some way.
You can acquire digital music, for example, by transferring music

from your own CDs to your computer, listening to Internet radio or
subscribing to a music service available for acquiring digital music.
There are many file formats for storing audio files on your
computer such as MP3, WMA or WAV.
You have also a world of possibilities for creating your own digital music. There is a
standard computer protocol called MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) that
enables electronic musical devices to communicate and synchronize with each other.
Some MIDI devices are keyboard, guitar, string, wind,

percussion and voice. Almost every electronic musical
instrument today has MIDI connectors.
Vocabulary
Storing (v.): almacenando.

Analog audio (n.): audio analgico.
Store: almacenar.
Outdated (adj.): anticuado, Creating (v.): creando.
obsoleto. Create: crear.
Relic (n.): reliquia. Devices (n.): dispositivos.
Music files (n.): archivos de
Keyboard (n.): teclado.
msica.
Piece of music (n.): obra musical, String (n.): cuerda (instrumentos
pieza de msica. musicales de).
Wind (n.): viento (instrumentos
Digitized (adj.): digitalizado.
musicales de).
Transferring (v.): transfiriendo.
Transfer: Transferir.
Reading comprehension
1. What is digital music?

A. The conversion of analog audio to a CD format.
B. The conversion of CD music to a digital format.
C. The conversion of analog audio to a digital format.
2. When did the digital revolution begin?

A. 82 years ago.
B. In 1982.
C. 30 years ago.
3. What was the first technology to start the digital music revolution?
A. The CD.
B. The iPod.
C. The MIDI.
4. How can you acquire digital music?

A. Transferring music from your smartphone to your computer.
B. Listening to Internet radio.
C. Subscribing to any music service.
5. Which are file formats to store audio files on your computer?

A. MP3 and WAV.
B. MIDI and WMA.
C. CD player and IPod.
6. What is MIDI?
A. A file format.
B. A standard computer protocol.
C. An electronic musical device.
7. What is MIDI used for?

A. To listening to music.
B. To synchronize electronic musical devices.
C. To store music.
8. Where can you connect a keyboard?

A. To MIDI.
B. To a CD player.
C. To MP3.
9. What does MIDI mean?

A. Musical Instrument Device Interface.
B. Musical Instrument Digital Internet.
C. Musical Instrument Digital Interface.
10. What does almost every electronic musical instrument have today?
A. MIDI connectors.
B. MP3 connectors.
C. IPod connectors.
Solution:
1. C.
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. A
9. C
10. A
Listening: Listening quiz on music software
Listen to the presentation about Finale software, then answer the questions.
Click on the link or go to the virtual classroom to access the listening:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TwFY7D7kpMs
Answer the questions below. After listening once:
1. What is Finale?
A. Music teaching software.
B. Music notation software.
C. Music recording software.
Answer the questions below. After listening twice:
2. Which teaching tools are included in Finale?

A. Worksheets and repertoire.
B. Finale coursebook.
C. Reference guide.
3. Why is it easy to share music with Finale?

A. Because it is easy-to-use.
B. Because it is flexible.
C. Because it is intuitive.
4. What can users share music with?
A. Any music software.
B. The entire Finale family.
C. Finale Reader.
Answer the questions below. After listening three times:
5. Which of the following are automatic functions of Finale?

A. Harmonizing melodies.
B. Print scores.
C. Change keys.
6. How many instrument sounds are included in Finale?

A. More than 400.
B. 4000.
C. 40.
7. What kind of files can be exported by Finale?

A. Video files and audio files
B. Audio files and graphic files
C. Graphic files and video files
Solution:
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. A
7. B
Vocabulary: Music, sound and intervals
words.
List of music, sound and intervals components
Treble clef is used for instruments with a

Altura, tono, high pitch (register).
Pitch / pt /
(registro) La clave de sol se utiliza para
instrumentos con altura aguda (registro).
Duration is the length of a note or rest.
Duration / djren/ Duracin La duracin es la longitud de una nota o
silencio.
/ ntensti / Intensity is measured in decibels (dB).
Intensity Intensidad
La intensidad se mide en decibelios (dB).
Timbre characterizes an instrument's
sound.
Timbre /tmbr / Timbre
El timbre caracteriza el sonido de un
instrumento.
Sam loves African rhythms.
Rhythm /rm/ Ritmo
A Sam le encantan los ritmos africanos.
A melody is a sequence of single notes.
Melody /meldi/ Meloda Una meloda es una sucesin de notas
sueltas.
Harmony uses three or more simultaneous

pitches.
Harmony /hmni/ Harmona
La harmona utiliza tres o ms tonos
simultneos.
Musical dynamics control the volume of a

song.
Dynamics /danmks/ Dinmicas
Las dinmicas musicales controlan el
volumen de una cancin.
An interval is the distance between two

notes.
Interval /ntvl/ Intervalo
Un intervalo es la distancia entre dos
notas.
Two semitones form one tone.
Tone /tn/ Tono
Dos semitonos forman un tono.
/hl/ Two half steps form a whole step.
Whole step Tono
/step/ Dos semitonos forman un tono.
Two semitones form one tone.
Semitone /semtn/ Semitono
Dos semitonos forman un tono.
/hf/ Two half steps form a whole step
Half step Semitono
/step/ Dos semitonos forman un tono.
A Major third has four semitones
Major /med / Mayor
Una tercera Mayor tiene cuatro semitonos
The inversion of a Major interval is a minor
interval.
minor /man/ Menor
La inversin de un intervalo Mayor es un
intervalo menor.
The symbol for a Perfect interval is P.
Perfect / pfekt/ Justa
El smbolo para un intervalo Justo es J.
An Augmented interval is higher than a
perfect interval.
Augmented / mentd / Aumentada
Un intervalo Aumentado es mayor que un
intervalo Justo.
A diminished interval has one less half step
than a Perfect interval.
diminished / dmnt / Disminuida
Un intervalo disminuido tiene un semitono
menos que un intervalo Justo.
A harmonic interval is when two notes are
sounded simultaneously.
Harmonic / hmnk / Harmnico
Un intervalo harmnico es cuando dos
notas suenan simultneamente.
A melodic interval is when two notes are
sounded one after the other.
Melodic / mldk / Meldico
Un intervalo es meldico cuando dos notas
suenan una despus de la otra.
Two identical notes form a unison interval.

Unison /junsn/ Unsono Dos notas idnticas forman un intervalo
unsono.
A Major second interval has 2 half steps or
1 whole step.
Second /seknd/ Segunda
Un intervalo de segunda Mayor tiene 2
semitonos o 1 tono.
A Major third interval has 4 half steps or 2
whole steps.
Third /d/ Tercera
Un intervalo de tercera Mayor tiene 4
semitonos o 2 tonos.
A Perfect fourth interval has 2 whole tones
and 1 half tone.
Fourth /f/ Cuarta
Un intervalo de cuarta Justa tiene 2 tonos
y 1 semitono.
A Perfect fifth interval has 3 whole tones
and 1 half tone.
Fifth /ff/ Quinta
Un intervalo de quinta Justa tiene 3 tonos
y 1 semitono.
A Major sixth interval has 4 whole tones
and 1 half tone.
Sixth / sks/ Sexta
Un intervalo de sexta Mayor tiene 4 tonos
y 1 semitono.
A Major seventh interval has 5 whole tones
and 1 half tone.
Seventh /sevn/ Sptima
Un intervalo de sptima Mayor tiene 5
tonos y 1 semitono.
An octave has 12 half steps or 6 whole
Octave /ktv/ Octava steps.
Una octava tiene 12 semitonos o 6 tonos.
Reading: The properties of musical sound
As you probably know, music sound has four basic properties: duration, pitch,
timbre and intensity.
Firstly, duration refers to the length of a musical sound: short sound or long sound. In
music notation, the duration is indicated with the musical notes (whole note, half
note....).
Secondly, pitch is represented in the staff and describes how
high or low a sound seems according to the wave
frequency. This vibration speed is measured in Hz (hertz).
Those sounds that vibrate in a consistent frequency have a
definite pitch, whereas those that do not, have an indefinite
pitch.
Thirdly, timbre is related to the tone color of a musical sound containing more than
one frequency. The secondary frequencies that are involved in the sound are called
harmonics. For example, the timbre of the piano is different from the timbre of the
clarinet even if both instruments play the same note, for the same length and the same
loudness. The difference is the timbre of the sounds. Our hearing can appreciate very
small variations in timbre.
Finally, intensity describes how loud or soft a musical

sound is. It is based on wave amplitude and measured in dB
(decibels). The loudness or softness of a composition is
called dynamics and the graphic symbols to represent
gradual intensity change are called hairpins.
Examples of dynamics in music are: forte (loud),

piano (soft), mezzo-piano (moderately soft), mezzo-
forte (moderately loud), pianissimo (very soft),
fortissimo (very loud) or crescendo (becoming
louder), among others. On sheet music, dynamics are
marked using letters which stand for Italian words
as f, p, mp, mf, pp or cresc.
Vocabulary
Properties (n.): propiedades. Harmonics (n.): armnicos.

Pitch (n.): tono, altura. Loudness (n.): volumen.
Length (n.): longitud, duracin. Loud (adj.): fuerte.
High (adj.): agudo, alto. Soft (adj.): suave.
Low (adj.): grave, bajo. Decibels (n.): decibelios.
Wave (n.): onda. Dynamics (n.): dinmicas.
Hairpins (n.): horquillas,

Speed (n.): velocidad.
reguladores (en msica).
Hertz (n.): hercios. Stand for (v.): representar.

Tone color (n.): color tonal.
1. What are the four basic properties of musical sounds?

A. Duration, frequency, timbre and intensity.
B. Duration, pitch, harmonics and intensity.
C. Duration, pitch, timbre and intensity.
2. What sound property is related to the length of a sound?

A. Duration.
B. Frequency.
C. Pitch.
3. How do you indicate the duration of a musical sound?

A. With musical notes.
B. With frequencies.
C. With dynamics.
4. Where do you represent the pitch?

A. In the hairpins.
B. In the staff.
C. In the musical notes.
5. How is the frequency of a sound wave measured?
A. Hertz.
B. Decibels.
C. Dynamics.
6. What sound property is related to the tone color of a sound?

A. Intensity.
B. Pitch.
C. Timbre.
7. Which is the name of the secondary frequencies involved in the sound?

A. Tones.
B. Harmonics.
C. Hairpins.
8. How is the amplitude of a sound wave measured?

A. Hz.
B. dB.
C. mf.
9. Which are the names of the graphic symbols representing gradual intensity change?
A. Hairpins.
B. Dynamics.
C. Decibels.
10. What do the letters f, p, mp and mf represent?

A. German words.
B. English words.
C. Italian words.
Solution:
1. C
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. A
10. C
Listening: Listening quiz on music intervals
Listen to the explanation about music intervals, then answer the questions. (From the
minute 0:00 up to the minute 3:03)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-mak6Eilw5s
1. What is this the topic of the lesson?

A. How to read intervals.
B. How to identify intervals.
C. How to build intervals.
2. How many types of intervals are there?

A. There are 2 types of intervals.
B. There are 3 types of intervals.
C. There are 4 types of intervals.
3. How are intervals classified?
A. By harmonic and melodic intervals.
B. By harmonic, melodic and diatonic intervals.
C. By harmonic, melodic, diatonic and chromatic intervals.
4. Which are the only intervals that can become minor?
A. 2nd, 5th, 6th and 7th.
B. 2nd, 3rd, 6th and 7th.
C. 2nd, 4th, 5th and 7th.
5. How do you count melodic intervals?

A. From the lower note to the higher note.
B. From the higher note to the lower note.
C. We cannot count melodic intervals.
6. How do you write harmonic intervals?

A. One note beside the other.
B. One note above the other.
C. One note after the other.
7. What is the tonic note?

A. The third note up the scale.
B. The fifth note up the scale.
C. The first note up the scale.
8. What are the perfect intervals?

A. 1st, 4th, 5th and 8th.
B. 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th.
C. 1st, 5th, 7th and 9th.
Solution:
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. A
Vocabulary: Musical Scales and Modes
words.
List of musical scales and modes
A mode is a type of scale.

Modes /mdz/ Modos
Un modo es un tipo de escala.
The C Major scale has no flats or

sharps in it.
Scales /skelz/ Escalas
La escala de Do mayor no tiene
bemoles ni sostenidos.
The Dorian mode begins on the
/din/ second degree of the Major scale.
Dorian Drico
El modo Drico empieza en el
segundo grado de la escala mayor.
The Phrygian mode is used in
flamenco music.
Phrygian /frdin/ Frigio
El modo Frigio se utiliza en la
msica flamenca.
The Lydian mode begins on the 4th
degree of the Major scale.
Lydian /ldn/ Lidio
El modo Lidio empieza en el 4
grado de la escala mayor.
Mixolydian is a medieval mode.
Mixolydian /mksldn/ Mixolidio
El Mixolidio es un modo medieval.
Hypolydian is one of the ancient
Greek modes
Hypolydian /hapldn/ Hipolidio
El Hipolidio es uno de los modos
griegos antiguos.
Hypophryigian mode was renamed

Mixolydian
Hypophrygian /hapfrdin/ Hipofrigio
El modo Hipofrigio pas a
llamarse Mixolidio.
The Aeolian mode appears in all

kind of music.
Aeolian / iln/ Elico
El modo Elico aparece en todo
tipo de msica.
The Locrian mode starts on the

seventh degree of a diatonic scale.
Locrian /lkrn / Locrio El modo Locrio comienza en el
sptimo grado de una escala
diatnica.
The Ionian mode was named by
Henricus Glareanu.
Ionian /ann/ Jnico
El modo jnico fue nombrado por
Henricus Glareanu.
The harmonic minor scale is similar
/hmnk/ Menor to the natural minor.
Harmonic minor
/man / armnica La escala menor armnica es
similar a la menor natural.
The Major scale is the basis in
/ med / Escala Western music.
Major scale
/ skel/ Mayor La escala mayor es la base en la
msica occidental.
Write out the Chromatic scale from
/ krmtk/ Escala A to A in either clef.
Chromatic scale
/skel / cromtica Escribe la escala cromtica de La a
La en cualquier clave.
There are only 5 notes in the
Pentatonic / penttnk/ Escala Pentatonic scale.
scale /skel/ pentatnica Solo hay 5 notas en la escala
pentatnica.
The ancient Greeks invented the
Diatonic / datnk/ Escalas diatonic scales.
scales /skelz/ diatnicas Los antiguos griegos inventaron
las escalas diatnicas.
Greek scales are the seven main

types of musical scales or modes.
/rik/ Escalas
Greek scales Las escalas Griegas son los siete
/skelz/ griegas
tipos principales de escalas o
modos musicales.
A tetrachord is a four-note scale
fragment.
Tetrachord /ttrkd/ Tetracordo
Un tetracordo es un fragmento de
la escala de cuatro notas.
A chord is a harmonic set of three
or more notes sounded
simultaneously.
Chord /kd/ Acorde
Un acorde es un conjunto
armnico de tres o ms notas
sonando simultneamente.
A triad is a chord of three notes.
Triad /trad/ Trada Una trada es un acorde de tres
notas.
Reading: Crazy jazz scales
Most people like crazy scales. They sound cool, are fun to play and easy to learn. They
also come in handy if you are improvising in blues, rock and roll, country, jazz and
many other styles of music.
Jazz music uses several scales to enable improvised solos or to create changes of
mood, for example, the blues scale, the pentatonic scale, the Bebop scales, the whole
tone scale or the super Locrian, among others. Just like all the other scales, the blues
scale can be made by altering notes of the major scale. These altered notes are called
blue notes, and their use originated with Africans who were brought to North America
as slaves. A blue note was originally bending of the pitch with the voice.
It is thought that the use of the blues as a term for feeling down came from a
Native American tribe in the south who would cover their bodies with a blue dye when
they were in mourning. Slaves in the area saw the practice and invented the term
feeling blue. The standard blues scale is also called minor blues scale but there is also
a Major blues scale.
The pentatonic scale is a type of gapped scale, which means a regular scale with some
notes missing. The pentatonic scale is another scale used a lot in jazz improvisation.
As the name implies, there are only 5 notes in this scale.
Bebop scales came from Bebop, a form of jazz begun by

Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Bird Parker. It is
characterized by a vertiginous speed and virtuosic
improvisational solos. There are three types of bebop
scales: Major bebop, minor bebop, and dominant bebop.
The whole tone scale and the super Locrian are two of the strangest sounding scales
you will ever hear. The whole tone scale consists entirely of whole tones, no half steps
allowed. The second scale has several names: diminished whole tone, altered, and the
super Locrian.
Vocabulary
Feeling down (v.): sentirse triste

Scales (n.): escalas.
o deprimido.
Come in handy (v.): venir muy
Dye (n.): tinte, colorante.
bien.
Enable (v.): permitir, hacer posible. Mourning (adj.): de luto.
Mood (n.): estado de nimo. Gapped (adj.): con huecos.
Altering (v.): alterando Missing (adj.): que falta,
Alter: alterar. desaparecido, extraviado.
Slaves (n.): esclavos. Speed (n.): velocidad.
Bending (v.): curvando, inclinando Sounding (adj.): que suena,
Bent: curvar, inclinar. sonoro.
Allowed (v.): permitido
Voice (n.): voz.
Allow: permitir.
It is thought (v.): se cree, se piensa
Think: creer, pensar.
1. Who likes crazy scales?

A. Everybody.
B. Most people
C. Nobody.
2. How can the blues scale be made?

A. By altering notes of the major scale.
B. By altering notes of the minor scale.
C. By changing the mode.
3. What was used by a Native American tribe to cover their bodies?

A. A blue dye.
B. A blue mourning.
C. A blue bending.
4. What is the standard blues scale also called?
A. Mourning blues scale.
B. Major blues scale.
C. Minor blues scale.
5. Which is the gapped scale?

A. The Bebop scale.
B. The Pentatonic scale.
C. The Blues scale.
6. How many types of bebop scales are there?

A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
7. Why is the Bebop characterized as a form of jazz?

A. Because of its gapped scale.
B. Because of having 5 notes in the scale.
C. Because of the virtuosic improvisational solos.
8. Which are the strangest sounding scales?

A. Bebop scales.
B. Whole tone scale and super Locrian.
C. Pentatonic scales.
9. What is the scale without half tones?

A. Whole tone scale.
B. Diminished whole tone scale.
C. Half tone scale.
10. Which are the other names of the super Locrian scale?
A. Diminished whole tone and altered.
B. Whole tone scale and Bebop.
C. Whole tone scale and altered.
Solution:
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. B
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. A
Listening: Listening quizz on building chords
Listen to the explanation about the process of building chords, then answer the
questions.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4a3mwS-foKk
1. What is the type of chord explained in the lesson?

A. Tetrachord.
B. Triad.
C. Harmonic.
2. Which is the scale used to build the chords?

A. C Major scale.
B. D Major scale.
C. C Minor scale.
3. What is the definition of chord?
A. A collection of notes played at the same time.
B. A collection of notes played one after the other.
C. A collection of triads played at the same time.
4. What is the pair of words with the same prefix?
A. Triage and tricycle.
B. Triadic and tricycle.
C. Triad and tricycle.
5. What is going to be basis for the harmonic line?

A. Chord.
B. Tetrachord.
C. Triad.
6. Where is the most important note in the explained chord placed?

A. On top.
B. On bottom.
C. On the middle.
7. Which tool is used to add numbers?

A. Lyrics tool.
B. Numbers tool.
C. Chord tool.
8. What is the spacebar used for?

A. To add the numbers.
B. To add the chords.
C. To add the lyrics.
Solution:
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. A
Vocabulary: Classical and Popular Music
words.
List of classical and popular music vocabulary
Gregorian chant was named to honor

Gregorian /rrn/ Canto the Pope Gregory I.
Chant /tnt / gregoriano Se llam canto gregoriano en honor al
Papa Gregorio I.
Jingle Bells is one of the most popular
Christmas carols.
Carol /krl/ Villancico
Jingle Bells (cascabeles) es uno de los
villancicos ms populares de Navidad.
A symphony orchestra has about 100
Symphony /smfni/ Orquesta musicians.
orchestra /kstr/ sinfnica Una orquesta sinfnica tiene cerca de
100 msicos.
Philharmonic /flmnk/ Orquesta What is a philharmonic orchestra?

orchestra / kstr/ filarmnica Qu es una orquesta filarmnica?
I love Chopins Nocturnes.

Nocturne /nktn/ Nocturno
Me encantan los Nocturnos de Chopin.
Alan is writing a popular songbook.
Songbook /sbk / Cancionero
Alan est escribiendo un cancionero.
Have you listen to the BBC Big Band?
/b/ Orquesta de
Big band Has escuchado la orquesta de jazz de
/bnd/ jazz
la BBC?
Contemporary music is often

associated with weird music.
Contemporary /kntemprri/ Contemporneo
La msica contempornea a menudo
se asocia con msica rara.
I have a great CD of World Music.

/wld/ Msicas del
World music Tengo un magnfico CD de Msicas del
/mjuzk/ mundo
Mundo.
I have seen several musicals in
Broadway.
Musicals /mjuzklz/ Musicales
He visto varios musicales en
Broadway.
Instrumental music has no lyrics.
Instrumental /nstrmentl/ Instrumental
La msica instrumental no tiene letra.
A chamber orchestra has fewer
Chamber /temb/ Orquesta de musicians than a symphony orchestra.
orquestra / kstr/ cmara Una orquesta de cmara tiene menos
msicos que una orquesta sinfnica.
Rock music is also called alternative
music.
Alternative /ltntv/ Alternativa
La msica Rock se llama tambin
msica alternativa.
Susan loves folk music.
Folk /fk/ Folklrico A Susan le encanta la msica
folklrica.
The major scale is the basis in Western
Music.
Western /westn/ Occidental
La escala mayor es la base en la
msica occidental.
Some Bachs cantatas are based on one
Lutheran hymn.
Chorale /krl/ Coral
Algunas cantatas de Bach se basan en
un himno luterano.
There is a wide variety of ethnic
musical instruments.
Ethnic /enk/ tnico
Hay una amplia variedad de
instrumentos musicales tnicos.
Kronborg Castle has a famous
ballroom.
Ballroom /blrum/ Saln de baile
El castillo de Kronborg tiene un
famoso saln de baile.
Rock is a modern music genre.

Genre /nr/ Gnero El Rock es un gnero de la msica
moderna.
The musical form is the structure of a
musical composition.
Form /fm/ Forma
La forma musical es la estructura de
una composicin musical.
Have you listened to Brahm's lullaby?
Nana, cancin
Lullaby /llba / Has escuchado la cancin de cuna de
de cuna
Brahms?
Traditionally, a symphony has four
movements.
Movement /muvmnt/ Movimiento
Tradicionalmente, una sinfona tiene
cuatro movimientos.
I would like to listen to this piece of
classical musical.
Piece /pis/ Pieza
Me gustara escuchar esta pieza de
msica clsica.
Do you remember the song lyrics?
Lyrics /lrk/ Letra
Te acuerdas de la letra de la cancin?
Reading: A music brochure
A brochure is a pamphlet or booklet containing information to advertise an event

or a product. In musical contexts, you can find brochures about festivals, concerts or
any other musical event. A music brochure is designed to attract attention and contains
short thoughts and key concepts as the name of the music event, a very short
description, the date, time and place where it will be held, among others.
The planning process is the first step to make any music

brochure. Start organizing all the information you want
to advertise. Write two or three sentences per
paragraph and do not use underline or all capitals as a
way to stress a point but bold or italics. For example,
a tri-fold is a type of brochure format used in different
musical events. A tri-fold only has a certain amount of
space to tell the event and the most common mistake is
to add too much information.
If you want to design a music tri-fold, make it short and more descriptive, for example,
adding those graphics and pictures that reinforce the message. Remember that a
picture is retained in the mind much longer than words.
According to the previous information choose a suitable brochure format and draw a
sketch. Do not forget about what kind of musical event are you advertising and what
kind of public are you addressing the brochure. Obviously, you will need a different
design and a specific use of language for a classical symphony orchestra, than for a rock
concert, or for a charity festival.
After having an initial planning look for software to design the brochure as Publisher,
Corel Draw or Freehand, among others. Following your sketch, add the information
and pictures related to the content. Finally, ask some people about their opinion. It will
be very helpful to improve your brochure.
Vocabulary
Brochure (n.): folleto. Mind (n.): mente.

Suitable (adj.): adecuado,
Booklet (n.): libreto.
apropiado.
Advertise( v.): publicitar. Sketch (n.): boceto, croquis.
Charity festival (n.): festival
Key concepts (n.): conceptos clave.
benfico.
Be held (v.): tener lugar, celebrarse,
Look for (v.): buscar.
realizarse.
Stress a point (v.): destacar o
Helpful (adj.): til.
enfatizar un punto.
Improve (v.): mejorar,
Tri-fold (n.): trptico.
perfeccionar.
Amount (n.): cantidad.
1. What is the objective of any brochure?

A. To show key concepts.
B. To advertise an event or product.
C. To make a planning.
2. Which is the first step to make any music brochure?

A. To draw the sketch.
B. To plan the process.
C. The look for software.
3. What is the most common mistake in a tri-fold?

A. Too much pictures.
B. Too much information.
C. Too much colors.
4. How can you reinforce a message?
A. With graphics and pictures.
B. With further information.
C. With underline and all capitals.
5. What does the mind retains much longer?

A. Information.
B. Stressed points.
C. Pictures.
6. When should you draw a sketch?

A. Before start looking for software.
B. After start looking for software.
C. At the end of the design.
7. How should be the brochure format?

A. Suitable.
B. Tri-fold.
C. Helpful.
8. Why should you not forget the kind of event and public?
A. Because the software.
B. Because the design and use of language.
C. Because the initial planning.
9. When should you start looking for software?

A. Before the initial planning.
B. After the initial planning.
C. In the initial step.
10. What should you do to improve your brochure?

A. To ask peoples opinions.
B. To add pictures related to the content.
C. To choose a suitable format.
Solution:
1. B
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. A
7. A
8. B
9. B
10. A
Listening: Listening quiz on music software
Listen to the introduction to a music lecture then answer the questions. (From minute
0:00 up to minute 3:57).

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRg-75VKOFU
1. What is the introductory topic of the lecture?

A. Genres, Motives, and Themes.
B. Distinguishing Songs from Pieces.
C. Musical instruments.
2. What is the professor asking to the students about?

A. Three famous pieces of classical music.
B. Three famous instruments of classical music.
C. Three famous songs of classical music.
3. Who are the composers mentioned by the students?
A. Bach, Tchaikovsky and Strauss.
B. Beethoven, Tchaikovsky and Strauss.
C. Beethoven, Tchaikovsky and Haydn.
4. How many movements do symphonies generally have?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
5. What is the main difference between a piece of music and a song?

A. Melody.
B. Text.
C. Musical instruments.
6. What is the percentage of classical music with no lyrics?

A. 60%.
B. 70%.
C. 80%.
7. What is a movement?
A. An independent movement that works with other songs.
B. An independent piece that works with other pieces.
C. An independent piece that works with other movements.
8. Where does the 3rd movement of a symphony come from?

A. From dance.
B. From song.
C. From genre.
Solution:
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. A
Vocabulary: Families of musical instruments
words.
List of musical instruments
The string family is the largest

/str/ Familia de section of the orchestra.
String family
/fmli / cuerda La familia de cuerda es la seccin
ms grande de la orquesta.
The saxophone is considered part of
Familia de
Woodwind /wdwnd/ the woodwind family.
viento
family /fmli/ El saxofn es considerado parte de
madera
la familia de viento madera.
The brass family consists of 5 major
/brs/ instruments.
Familia de
Brass family /fmli/ La familia de viento metal se
viento metal
compone de 5 instrumentos
principales.
The percussion family is believed to
include the oldest musical
Percussion /pkn/ Familia de instruments.
family /fmli / percusin Se cree que la familia de percusin
incluye los instrumentos musicales
ms antiguos.
Sam enjoys playing the guitar.
Guitar /t/ Guitarra
Sam disfruta tocando la guitarra.
The violin is the smallest member of
the orchestral string family.
Violin /valn/ Violn El violn es el miembro ms
pequeo de la familia orquestal de
cuerda.
Double bass is much bigger that the

/dbl/ violin
Double bass Contrabajo
/bes/ El contrabajo es mucho ms grande
que el violn.
I would like to play the harp.

Harp /hp/ Harpa
Me gustara tocar el harpa.
The sound of the English horn is

/l/ similar to that of the oboe
English horn Corno ingls
/hn/ El sonido del corno ingls es
parecido al del oboe
Flute music has a sweet sound.
Flute /flut/ Flauta La msica de la flauta tiene un
sonido dulce.
How do you play E sharp on
clarinet?
Clarinet /klrnet/ Clarinete
Cmo se toca Mi sostenido en el
clarinete?
The bassoon is the lowest sound of
the woodwind family
Bassoon /bsun/ Fagot El fagot es el sonido ms
bajo/grave de la familia de viendo
madera.
The contrabassoon is a larger
version of the bassoon.
Contrabassoon /kntrbsun/ Contrafagot
El contrafagot es una versin ms
grande del fagot.
The trumpet is the highest register
in the brass family
Trumpet /trmpt/ Trompeta La trompeta es el registro ms
alto/agudo en la familia de viento
metal.
What year was the French horn
/frent/
French horn Trompa invented?
/hn/
En qu ao se invent la trompa?
The trombone has a length of 270

cm.
Trombone /trmbn/ Trombn
El trombn tiene una longitud de
270 cm.
The tuba is a big instrument
Tuba /tjub/ Tuba
La tuba es un instrumento grande
The oboe has a nasal sound
Oboe /b/ Oboe
El oboe tiene un sonido nasal
The viola looks a lot like the violin
Viola /vl/ Viola
La viola se parece mucho al violn
The xylophone's bars are made of
wood
Xylophone /zalfn/ Xilfono
Las lminas del xilfono estn
hechas de madera
Timpani are an ancient percussion
instrument
Timpani /tmpni/ Timbales
Los timbales son un instrumento de
percusin antiguo
Tubular bells are made with long
/tjubjl/ Campanas cylindrical tubes
Tubular bells
/belz/ tubulares Las campanas tubulares estn
hechas con tubos cilndricos largos
Cymbals are a percussion
instrument.
Cymbals /smblz/ Platillos
Los platillos son un instrumento de
percusin.
In Spain, the castanets are
associated with flamenco
Castanets /kstnets/ Castauelas
En Espaa, las castauelas estn
asociadas con el flamenco
There are many sizes of triangles
and each one sounds a different
pitch
Triangle /tral / Tringulo
Hay muchos tamaos de tringulos
y cada uno suena en un tono
diferente
Peter loves to play drums.
Drums /drmz/ Batera
A Peter le encanta tocar la batera.
Reading: Orchestration and arrangement
To compose is to create new music. People who

practice composition are called composers and
they can work, for example, on commercial music
and songs, electronic music, multiple voices or
orchestra, among others. There are mainly three
melodic elements to create a composition: motif,
melodic phrase and period.
When you compose for band or orchestra you should start thinking about the
orchestration from the beginning of the process. In classical music, orchestration is
considered an integral part of composition. An
orchestrator adapts a composition for a
different medium, for example, combining
sections of the band or orchestra. An example
of an orchestrator task would be to take a
piece originally scored for 25 instruments
and orchestrate it for 15, trying to make it
sound as much like the original as possible.
Orchestration is concerned with color and texture whereas arrangement is related to

the structure of the music. An arranger adapts pieces of music to be performed by
others than those for whom it was originally created or, simplifies the version of a work.
For example, an arranger creates something new from something old. An arranger can
take a piece of music written for one instrument, or multiple instruments, and make it
better suited for another instrument or another set of instruments entirely.
Arranging also involves orchestrating because you will need to follow similar steps
when transcribing a piece. Examples of arrangements are Christmas Carols or
hymns.
Vocabulary
Scored (v.): escrito en una

To compose (v.): componer. partitura.
Score: escribir en una partitura.
Concerned (v.): referido, tiene
Multiple voices (n.): voces
que ver, concierne.
multiples.
Concern: referirse, concernir.
Motif (n.): motivo, tema (musical). Arranger (n.): arreglista
Performed (v.): interpretado.
Melodic phrase (n.): frase
Perform: interpretar,
meldica.
representa.r
Period (n.): perodo (grupo de Suited (v.): adecuado, ajustado
frases musicales). Suit: adecuar, ajustar, adaptar.
Band (n.): banda, grupo. Set (n.): conjunto, grupo.
Entirely (adv.): ntegramente,
Orchestration (n.): orquestacin.
totalmente.
Sections (n.): secciones. Carols (n.): villancicos.
Piece (n.): pieza. Hymns (n.): himnos.
1. What does music composition mean?

A. The arrangement of music.
B. The orchestration of a song.
C. The creation of new music.
2. Who can work on multiple voices or orchestra?

A. Arrangers.
B. Composers.
C. Orchestrators.
3. How many melodic elements are to create a composition?

A. Mainly three.
B. Only three.
C. Mainly two.
4. When should you start thinking about the orchestration?
A. At the end of the composition.
B. In the middle of the composition.
C. From the beginning of the composition.
5. What does an orchestrator do?

A. He/she creates something new from something old.
B. He/she adapts a composition for a different medium.
C. He/she works on commercial music.
6. Which is an important characteristic of orchestration?

A. To keep sound as much like the original as possible.
B. To make a piece better suited for another instrument.
C. To change the structure of a piece.
7. What does an arranger do?

A. He/she works on electronic music.
B. He/she adapts or simplifies the version of a work.
C. He/she adapts a composition for a different medium.
8. What are arrangements related to?

A. Color and texture.
B. The structure of the music.
C. Electronic music.
9. Why arranging also involves orchestrating?

A. Because the two are related to composition.
B. Because a similar process is followed in transcription.
C. Because orchestration is most important than arrangement.
10. Which are examples of arrangements?

A. Hymns and Carols.
B. Band music.
C. Orchestral suites.
Solution:
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. A
9. B
10. A
Listening: Listening quiz on an album review
Listen to the album review, then answer the questions.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6R3Zp7sLWIM
1. Who is the artist of the album review?

A. Beyonce.
B. Beatles.
C. Amber.
2. How many copies of the album have been sold in just over a day?
A. More than 40,000 copies.
B. More than 400,000 copies.
C. More than 4,000 copies.
3. Which is the name of the album?
A. Weekend.
B. Top-Secret.
C. Secrets.
4. Where is the album exclusively available?
A. In store shelves.
B. In official stores.
C. On iTunes.
5. When does Instagram post information of the album release?

A. Midnight on Friday.
B. Midnight on Saturday.
C. Night of Friday.
6. How many videos were available in the album release?

A. 14.
B. 17.
C. 70.
7. How many songs were available in the album release?

A. 17.
B. 14.
C. 40.
8. What was the codename of the artist in the record offices?

A. Marilee.
B. Lily.
C. Ashley.
Solution:
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. B
Vocabulary: Music jobs
words.
List of key concepts about job vacancies for musicians
Leonard Bernstein was a famous

orchestra conductor.
Conductor /kndkt/ Director
Leonard Bernstein fue un
famoso director de orquesta.
Peter wants to be a musical
theatre performer.
Performer /pfm/ Intrprete
Peter quiere ser un intrprete de
teatro musical.
Have you seen the National
/it/ Theatre of Chaillot in Paris?
Theater Teatro
Has visto el Teatro Nacional de
Chaillot en Pars?
You should prepare for the
Prueba, singing audition.
Audition /dn/
audicin Deberas prepararte para la
audicin de canto.
She is a string instrumentalist.
Instrumentalist /nstrmentlst/ Instrumentista Ella es una instrumentista de
cuerda.
Our band is looking for a female
/sr/ /vklst singer.
Singer or vocalist Cantante
/ Nuestro grupo est buscando
una cantante femenina.
Sam is a professional dancer.

Dancer /dns/ Bailarn Sam es una bailarina
profesional.
Lder del He is the jazz bandleader.

Bandleader /bndlid/
grupo l es el lder del grupo de jazz.
Have you ever seen a musical
performance?
Performance /pfmns/ Actuacin
Has visto alguna vez una
actuacin musical?
I love listening to live music.
/lav / Msica en
Live music Me encanta escuchar msica en
/mjuzk / directo
directo.
The stage was full of lights.
Stage /sted/ Escenario El escenario estaba lleno de
luces.
I have rehearsal tonight.
Rehearsal /rhsl/ Ensayo
Tengo ensayo esta noche.
Tomorrow will be the premiere.
Premiere /premie/ Estreno
Maana ser el estreno.
He has studied piano in a British
/mjuzk/ music school.
Music school Conservatorio
/skul/ l ha estudiado piano en un
conservatorio britnico.
Peter works as music producer
Producer /prdjus/ Productor Peter trabaja como productor
musical.
Who is your favorite songwriter?
Cantautor,
Songwriter /srat/ Quin es tu
compositor
compositor/cantautor favorito?
A lyricist is a specialist in writing
lyrics.
Lyricist /lrsst/ Letrista
Un letrista es un especialista en
la escritura de letras.
Sarah works as soloist singer
Soloist /slst/ Solista Sarah trabaja como cantante
solista.
Tom is the first violin and Alice is
the concertmaster
Concertmaster /knsrtmst/ Concertino
Tom es el primer violn y Alicia
la concertino.
Susan has been the concert

promoter
Promoter /prmt/ Promotor
Susan ha sido la promotora del
concierto.
Reading: Amandas cover letter
Mr. Michael Swans 2 Hawley Street

Director of Personnel London, UK NW1 8BY
Camden, School of Music 20 5555 4444
70 Miner Avenue amandagold@gmail.com
Camden, NY 13316
February 2, 2014
Dear Mr. Swans:
I am writing to apply for the vacancy of Choral Conductor and Professor of Music
Pedagogy, advertised in Music Educators Bulletin of January 23. I have recently
completed my Music degree at the International University of La Rioja, and I am
fully qualified in all the areas which your position requires.
Your position demands a wide range of abilities in which I have a strong academic
background and considerable expertise. In addition to the required courses in
woodwind pedagogy, I have done supplementary work on flute and oboe attending
several Workshops in London. I have almost three years of professional experience
gained through a variety of part-time positions. For the past two years, I have
directed a woodwind ensemble of high school students and a choir of senior
citizens. The experience has helped me to develop my skills coordinating large
groups of young and elderly people.
Please find enclosed a copy of my rsum. I will forward any supporting

documents at your request. I hope you will find me a candidate worth
interviewing. I am confident that I have the professional skills to meet the demands
of your Music Pedagogy Teacher position.
Sincerely,
Amanda Goldman
Vocabulary
Choral Conductor (n.): director de

Senior citizen (n.): tercera edad.
Coral.
Music degree (n.): Grado de
Enclosed (adj.): adjunto.
Msica.
Supporting documents (n.):
Academic background (n.):
justificantes, documentos de
formacin acadmica.
apoyo.
Expertise (n.): conocimientos
Request (n.): solicitud, peticin.
especializados, competencias.
Supplementary (adj.): adicional, Worth (adj.): digno de, que
complementario. merece la pena.
Workshops (n.): talleres. Skills (n.): habilidades, destrezas.
Part-time (adj.): media jornada. Position (n.): puesto, cargo.
Ensemble (n.): conjunto.
Remember: You use a rsum (or resume) as application document format in the
US and Canada. In the UK, Ireland and New Zealand, you use a CV format. Further
information can be found in the +Information section.
1. To whom is Amanda addressing her letter?

A. To Camden School of Music.
B. To the Director of Personnel.
C. To Music Educators Bulletin.
2. Why is Amanda writing a cover letter?

A. Because she is fully qualified.
B. Because she has finished her Music Degree.
C. Because she wants to apply for a job.
3. Where is the vacancy advertised?
A. In Camden School of Music.
B. In the Music Educators Bulletin.
C. In the International University of La Rioja.
4. What vacancy is available at the Music School?

A. Professor of General Music and Choral Conductor.
B. Professor of Music Pedagogy and Orchestra Conductor.
C. Professor of Music Pedagogy and Choral Conductor.
5. Where has Amanda been attending several Workshops?

A. New York.
B. London.
C. Camden.
6. How many years of professional experience does Amanda have?

A. 2 years.
B. Almost 2 years.
C. Almost 3 years.
7. How long has Amanda been working with young an elderly people?
A. 2 years.
B. 3 years.
C. Almost 3 years.
8. What is Amanda enclosing with her cover letter?

A. A rsum.
B. The supporting documents.
C. An interview.
Solution:
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. A
Listening: Listening quiz on a music job description
Listen to the description about a music job, then answer the questions.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IPcqdKZ7GM
1. What music job is the woman describing?

A. Choral directors.
B. Music directors.
C. Performers.
2. Where does an extensive knowledge of music come from?

A. From colleges, universities and music conservatories.
B. From informal training
C. Only from music conservatories.
3. Who usually has employment contracts with symphonies, schools, or producers?
A. Singers.
B. Choir directors.
C. Music directors.
4. What are the qualities a good choral director should have?
A. Talent for music and patience.
B. Talent for music and clearly expression.
C. Talent for music and temperament.
5. When do performers start working?

A. One year before the opening day.
B. Some days before the opening night.
C. Long before opening night.
6. When are performances usually done?

A. During the whole week.
B. During weekends.
C. During nights and weekends.
7. Who writes original music?

A. Composers and performers.
B. Music directors and composers.
C. Music directors and singers.
8. Who should consider a career as a music director?

A. Those who have a passion for the many sounds of music.
B. Those who have a passion for leadership.
C. Anyone who loves music.
Solution:
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. B
8. A
Vocabulary: From Medieval to 20th-century period
words.
List of music history terms
Medieval era lasted almost 1,000

years.
Medieval /medivl/ Medieval
La era medieval dur casi 1.000
aos.
Renaissance comprises the period
from 1430 to 1600.
Renaissance /rnesns/ Renacimiento
El renacimiento comprende el
perodo de 1430 a 1600.
One characteristic of Baroque
period is the ornamentation.
Baroque /brk/ Barroco
Una caracterstica del perodo
barroco es la ornamentacin.
Mozart was one of the most
prominent composers of
Classicism.
Classicism /klsszm/ Clasicismo
Mozart fue uno de los
compositores ms destacados del
clasicismo.
Romanticism was originated at
the same time as the French
Revolution.
Romanticism /rmntszm/ Romanticismo
El Romanticismo se origin al
mismo tiempo que la Revolucin
Francesa.
20th-century music is defined by

the experimentation with new
musical styles and forms.
/twent/
20th-century Siglo 20 La msica del siglo 20 se define
/sentri /
por la experimentacin con
nuevos estilos y formas
musicales.
The Modern music era is also
/mdnzm / called Modernism.
Modernism Modernismo
La era de la msica moderna se
llama tambin Modernismo.
Steve Reich is a recognized
Contemporary composer.
Contemporary /kntemprri/ Contemporneo
Steve Reich es un reconocido
compositor contemporneo
Liszt was a Romantic period

composer.
Period /prd/ Perodo
Liszt fue un compositor del
perodo romntico.
Medieval music was written

/mdl/ during the Middle Ages.
Middle Ages Edad Media
/edz/ La msica medieval fue escrita
durante la Edad Media.
Polyphony is a characteristic of
Western music.
Polyphony /plfni/ Polifona
La polifona es una caracterstica
de la msica occidental.
Gregorian chant is an example of
a cappella music.
Chant /tnt/ Canto
El canto gregoriano es un
ejemplo de msica a capela.
In ancient Greece, music was
highly prized.
Ancient /ennt/ Antiguo
En la antigua Grecia, la msica
era muy apreciada.
A monophonic texture is one

Monophonic /mnfnk/ Textura melody with no harmony.
texture /tekst/ monofnica Una textura monofnica es una
meloda sin harmona.
The term minstrel means
little servant.
Minstrels /mnstrlz/ Juglares
El trmino juglar significa
pequeo siervo
Troubadours songs were mainly
related to chivalry and love.
Las canciones de los trovadores
Troubadours /trubdz/ Trovadores
estaban relacionadas
principalmente con la caballera
y el amor.
He has a wide repertoire of
popular songs.
Repertoire /rep..twr/ Repertorio
l tiene un amplio repertorio de
canciones populares.
Reading: Short Biography of Beethoven
Ludwig Van Beethoven was baptized on December 17th, 1770 at Bonn, Germany. He
had a rough childhood since his father was an alcoholic who treated him really
poorly. Beethoven gave his first public concert at the age of 7 and at 12 years he
published his first composition. In 1792, Beethoven moved to Vienna where he studied
composition with Haydn and counterpoint with Johann Georg Albrechtsberger.
Beethoven's work comprises more than 650

compositions. During his life, Beethoven wrote
for a variety of music genres. In addition to his
nine symphonies, nine concertos, and a diversity
of other as orchestral music, chamber music,
solo piano music, vocal music and music for
wind band, Beethoven wrote his only opera, first
called Leonore and finally renamed as Fidelio. A scene of Fidelio opera.
Hearing problems first became apparent at the age of 27 but it was not until 1801,
after the completion and premiere of his 1st Symphony, when he started to admit the
first signs of deafness; he had been slowly losing his hearing for 3 years. In 1824,
when he finished and conducted his last symphony No. 9 he was totally deaf.
Regardless of this fact, the fourth movement of Beethovens 9th includes part of a
Schillers poem becoming the first composer to include the human voice at the same
level as the instruments.
Beethoven is considered one of the most

important composers in the history of
music and the bridge between the Classical
era and the Romanticism. Beethoven died
on 26 March 1827 in Vienna, Austria. It is
estimated that between 10,000 and 30,000
people attended Beethovens funeral.
Vocabulary
Admit (v.): admitir, aceptar,

Baptized (adj.): bautizado.
reconocer.
Rough (adj.): duro, difcil. Deafness (n.): sordera.
Childhood (n.): infancia. Hearing (n.): audicin.
Poorly (adv.): mal (maltratado). Deaf (adj.): sordo.
Fourth movement (n.): cuarto
Counterpoint (n.): contrapunto.
movimiento.
Chamber music (n.): msica de
Bridge (n.): puente.
cmara.
Completion (n.): finalizacin. Era (n.): poca.
1. In which city was Beethoven born?

A. Bonn, Germany.
B. Vienna, Austria.
C. Berlin, Germany.
2. In what year was Beethoven born?

A. 1770.
B. 1777.
C. 1771.
3. What was Beethoven's first name?

A. Wolfgang.
B. Ludwig.
C. Johann.
4. How was Beethovens childhood?

A. Peaceful and happy.
B. Difficult and hard.
C. Simple and quiet.
5. What is the title of Beethoven's only opera?
A. Zaide.
B. Leonore.
C. Fidelio.
6. Which sense did Beethoven eventually lose completely?

A. Hearing.
B. Sight.
C. Touch.
7. What symphony did Beethoven composed and conducted when he was deaf?
A. The 9th symphony.
B. The 5th symphony.
C. The 7th symphony.
8. How many symphonies did Beethoven write?

A. Seven.
B. Nine.
C. Five.
9. What two musical periods bridged Beethoven?

A. Classical era and Baroque.
B. Classical era and Romanticism.
C. Classical era and Neoclassicism.
10. Where did Beethoven die?

A. Bonn, Germany.
B. Vienna, Austria.
C. Berlin, Germany.
Solution:
1. A
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. A
8. B
9. B
10. B
Listening: Music history period
Listen to the explanation about a music history period, then answer the questions.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVpa2KAyj4o
1. What musical period has been described?

A. Renaissance period.
B. Classical period.
C. Baroque period.
2. Which was the first meaning of the word to describe the new artistic style?
A. Simple and beautiful.
B. Ornate and flamboyant.
C. Heroic and dramatic.
3. Who inspired the new period?

A. Greek and Roman myths.
B. Middle ages.
C. Modern age.
4. Who made important contributions to this period?
A. Beethoven and Chopin.
B. Mozart and Hydn.
C. Hndel and Bach.
5. What was the musical texture of this period?

A. Polyphony.
B. Homophony.
C. Monophony.
6. What period is covered by the new era?

A. 1600 -1750.
B. 1400-1600.
C. 1650-1700.
7. Where did experiments allow new techniques?

A. Opera.
B. Chamber orchestra.
C. Instrumental music.
8. Who also influenced musical change?

A. Church.
B. Giovanni Gabrieli.
C. Renaissance.
Solution:
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. A
8. A
Vocabulary: Academic writing in music research
words.
List of academic writing terms in music research
Write an essay on music a piece of

music.
Essay /ese/ Ensayo
Escribe un ensayo sobre una pieza
musical.
She published a research paper on
music history.
Research /rst/ Artculo de
Ella public un artculo de
paper /pep/ investigacin
investigacin sobre historia de la
msica.
He studies musicology.
Musicology /mjuzkldi/ Musicologa
l estudia musicologa.
Who wants to study music
Music /mjuzk/ pedagogy?
Pedagoga musical
pedagogy /peddi/ Quin quiere estudiar pedagoga
musical?
An abstract is a short and objective
description.
Abstract /bstrkt/ Resumen
Un resumen es una descripcin
breve y objetiva.
The findings are relevant to our
project.
Findings /fandz/ Hallazgos
Los hallazgos son relevantes para
nuestro proyecto.
The purpose of this study was to
identify the music skill.
/mjuzk/ Habilidades
Music skills El propsito de este estudio fue
/sklz/ musicales
identificar las habilidades
musicales.
Music therapy is effective reducing

stress in patients.
/mjuzk /
Music therapy Musicoterapia La musicoterapia es efectiva
/erpi/
reduciendo el estrs en los
pacientes.
Musical competency
Musical /mjuzkl/ is part of our biological heritage
Capacidad musical
competency /kmptnsi/ La capacidad musical es parte de
nuestra herencia biolgica.
The sensory system is part of the
Sensory /sensri/ nervous system.
Sistema sensorial
system /sstm/ El sistema sensorial es parte del
sistema nervioso.
We have studied the timbral
nuances in gospel music.
Nuances /njunsz/ Matices
Hemos estudiado los matices
tmbricos en la msica gspel.
What is the experimental
methodology?
Methodology /medldi/ Metodologa
Qu es la metodologa
experimental?
There are different levels of musical
awareness.
Awareness /wens/ Conciencia
Hay diferentes niveles de
conciencia musical.
Results show a creative musical
Comportamiento behavior in adolescent.
Musical /mjuzkl/
(conducta) Los resultados muestran un
behavior /bhevj /
musical comportamiento musical creativo
en los adolescentes.
Musical heritage plays an important
role in the society
Patrimonio,
Heritage /hertd/ El patrimonio musical desempea
herencia
un papel importante en la
sociedad.
They have used the Internet to

search information about music.
Search /st/ Bsqueda
Ellos han utilizado Internet para
buscar informacin sobre msica.
Have you read the guidelines for
your research proposal?
Guidelines /adlanz/ Directrices, pautas
Has ledo las directrices para tu
propuesta de investigacin?
Results show an increased
competency to read music
Results /rzlts/ Resultados Los resultados muestran un
aumento de la capacidad para leer
msica.
She is enrolled in music and
science course.
Science /sans/ Ciencia
Ella est matriculada en el curso
msica y ciencia.
This study focused on aural
Aural /rl/ Percepcin perception.
perception /psepn/ auditiva Este estudio se centr en la
percepcin auditiva.
Reading: Writing a music research proposal
A research proposal is the first step before carrying out

your research project. You will need to write a research
proposal, for example, before starting a final project for a
masters degree. A research proposal is a written document
where you present an outline plan for your research project
and where you must to convince the audience that your
research will be worthwhile.
Whenever possible, write about a music topic that

matters to you. Study to understand an issue, a problem,
a piece, a composer... Understanding is the first step
towards liking a new work and your passion in the subject
will help to make your writing interesting.
There are many types of writing about music; each one will have particular
requirements of content and style. A research project needs a solid documentation
based on a thorough bibliographic search, an appropriate choice of analytical
methods, a careful construction and a highly precise writing style.
When you write about music, you should try to keep in mind several details. For
example, if your research is about music history, biographies of composers can help us
to understand their music. When you reference music works in other fields, you
should consider what ideas they seek to express and how they seek to express them.
Then, before writing your music research proposal, it would

be recommendable to make yourself familiar with some
basic research sources and tools as encyclopedias,
dictionaries, reference books, specialized books and research
articles on the subject.
After you have decided your research topic, collected the information, and decided on
a general approach, then you can start writing your research proposal.
Vocabulary
Research proposal (n.): propuesta Thorough (adj.): exhaustivo,

de investigacin. minucioso.
Research project (n.): proyecto de
Fields (n.): campos, mbitos.
investigacin.
Outline ( n.): esbozo, idea general. Seek (v.): buscar, tratar de.
Worthwhile (adv.): merece la pena. Sources (n.): fuentes.
Tools (n.): instrumentos,
Topic (n.): tema, asunto.
herramientas.
Matters (v.): importa. Collected (v.): recogido, reunido.
Matter: importer. Collect: recoger, reunir.
Approach (n.): enfoque,
Issue (n.): cuestin.
propuesta.
1. When do you present a research proposal?

A. Before the masters degree.
B. Before a research project.
C. After finishing a masters degree.
2. What is a research proposal?

A. A written document.
B. An oral presentation.
C. A bibliographical search.
3. What does a research proposal contain?

A. An outline plan.
B. A methodological analysis.
C. A bibliographical analysis.
4. What is the objective of a research proposal?

A. To collect information for the research.
B. To have an outline plan for the research.
C. To argue the value of the research.
5. Which is the ingredient to make your writing interesting?
A. Passion.
B. Understanding.
C. The topic.
6. What is required in a research project?

A. To keep in mind several details.
B. A solid documentation.
C. A good encyclopedia.
7. What can be helpful when research is about music history?

A. Biographies of composers
B. Works in other fields.
C. A highly precise writing style.
8. What would be recommendable before writing your music research proposal?

A. To know basic research sources and tools.
B. To know some reference books.
C. To buy a dictionary.
9. What should you consider when referencing music works?

A. You should not reference music works.
B. Interpretation of the original ideas.
C. Understanding the original ideas.
10. What do you need before start writing your research proposal?
A. The topic, an approach and tools.
B. The topic, sources and tools.
C. The topic, information and an approach.
Solution:
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. A
9. C
10. C
Listening: Listening quiz on a music interview
Listen to the interview to Nina Bernstein then answer the questions.

http://www.firstpost.com/topic/person/nina-bernstein-bbc-radio-nina-bernstein-
interview-video-Rxpz3xGtboc-34548-1.html
1. Whom are the two women talking about?

A. Ninas father.
B. Ninas brother.
C. Ninas husband.
2. Who was Leonard Bernstein?

A. A legendary conductor of choirs.
B. A legendary conductor and composer.
C. A legendary composer of musical theater.
3. What was the piece of music played by Leonard Bernstein in Jamaica?

A. Rhapsody in blue.
B. Blue Moon.
C. Moonlight.
4. What was music for Leonard Bernstein?
A. A way to reach people.
B. A way to entertain people.
C. A way to enrich people.
5. Which is the name of Leonard Bernsteins famous composition?

A. West Side Story.
B. Love Story.
C. A West Story.
6. What was the big passion of Leonard Bernstein's life?

A. To compose any kind music.
B. To conduct a symphony orchestra.
C. To teach young people about music.
7. How old was Nina when her mother died?

A. 16.
B. 18.
C. 17.
8. When did the go to a family holiday?

A. At Christmas.
B. At Easter.
C. At summer.
Solution:
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. A
6. C
7. A
8. A

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List of music notation fundamentals

Nouns Phonetics Meaning Example

A musical staff (or stave) has five lines and

Ledger lines extend above and below the

Bar lines separate notes into different

The shape of the treble clef comes from an

The shape of the bass clef comes from an

The C clef is commonly used in viola or

A sharp raises the pitch of a note one

A flat lowers the pitch of a note one

When you see a natural sign you have to

The most common time signatures are 2/4,

The key signature fits between the clef and

/hl/ Redonda A whole note is represented by an oval.

How do you play a semibreve with the

Do you know how to play half notes on the

Blanca A minim is half as long as a semibreve.

You can play a simple melody with quarter

A crotchet has one-fourth the time value of

Rest names are the same that the notes

The stem is the part that sticks up or down

The head is the round part of the note.

The dot increases the duration of a note.

Sixteenth notes have two flags.

A ligature is a curved line over a group of

You can acquire digital music, for example, by transferring music

Some MIDI devices are keyboard, guitar, string, wind,

Storing (v.): almacenando.

1. What is digital music?

2. When did the digital revolution begin?

4. How can you acquire digital music?

5. Which are file formats to store audio files on your computer?

7. What is MIDI used for?

8. Where can you connect a keyboard?

9. What does MIDI mean?

Click on the link or go to the virtual classroom to access the listening:

Answer the questions below. After listening once:

Answer the questions below. After listening twice:

2. Which teaching tools are included in Finale?

3. Why is it easy to share music with Finale?

Answer the questions below. After listening three times:

5. Which of the following are automatic functions of Finale?

6. How many instrument sounds are included in Finale?

7. What kind of files can be exported by Finale?

List of music, sound and intervals components

Nouns Phonetics Meaning Example

Treble clef is used for instruments with a

Harmony uses three or more simultaneous

Musical dynamics control the volume of a

An interval is the distance between two

Two identical notes form a unison interval.

Finally, intensity describes how loud or soft a musical

Examples of dynamics in music are: forte (loud),

Properties (n.): propiedades. Harmonics (n.): armnicos.

Hairpins (n.): horquillas,

Hertz (n.): hercios. Stand for (v.): representar.

1. What are the four basic properties of musical sounds?

2. What sound property is related to the length of a sound?

3. How do you indicate the duration of a musical sound?

4. Where do you represent the pitch?

6. What sound property is related to the tone color of a sound?

7. Which is the name of the secondary frequencies involved in the sound?

8. How is the amplitude of a sound wave measured?