Programmable Logic

Controllers

PLC Addressing and Basic

Instructions

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-1

Basic addressing
For the Allen-Bradley PLCs and the simulator
used, the input and output image areas (in
addition to other data) are held in data files
Each data file holds information such as
Discrete input values
Discrete output values
Values associated with timers
Values associated with counters
Status information
Etc.

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-2

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PLC data files

Simulator data files AB PLC data files

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-3

I/O memory mapping

Basic AB PLC addressing

Data file type Slot number (not used with the simulator)
I input
O output
S status
B binary
T- timer X1:x.0/0 Bit number
C-counter

Data file number Word number: selects

(can be omitted for the a specific word in
basic data files) a data file

I/O located on the controller (embedded I/O) is slot 0.

I/O added to the controller (expansion I/O) begins with slot 1.
Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-4

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Example Addressing

Digital Digital
CPU Input Output
Module Module Module
(slot 0) (slot 1) (slot 2)
16 inputs 8 outputs

Would occupy Would occupy

addresses addresses
I1:1.0/0 O0:2.0/0
through through
I1:1.0/15 O0:2.0/7

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-5

Basic instructions
Examine If Closed (XIC)
Examine If Open (XIO)
Output Energize (OTE)
Output Latch (OTL)
Output Unlatch (OTU)
One-shot Rising (OSR)

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-6

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 Examine if closed (XIC)
Alternate name: Normally open contact
Use the XIC instruction in your ladder program to
determine if a bit is on.
When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is on
(1), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE.
When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is off
(0), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE.

Instruction symbol
Normally open switch is open

Normally open switch is closed

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-7

Examine if open (XIO)

Alternate name: Normally closed contact
Use the XIO instruction in your ladder program to
determine if a bit is off.
When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is on
(1), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE.
When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is off
(0), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE.

Instruction symbol
Normally open switch is open

An XIO instruction inverts the Normally open switch is closed

state of the bit it references.
Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-8

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 Output energize (OTE)
Alternate name: coil
This instruction is usually used in conjunction with
XIC or XIO or any other input instruction.
If the logic preceding the OTE instruction is true (1),
the OTE instruction will be energized
Not energized
Instruction symbol

An OTE instruction can

only be the last
instruction on a rung. Energized

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-9

Output latch (OTL)

The OTL instruction is used only to turn
a bit on and latch it on

Initially not
energized

Instruction symbol
Energized
L
Latched

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-10

3-5
 Output unlatch (OTU)
The OTU instruction is used only to turn
a bit off and latch it off
OTL and OTU are generally used in pairs

Instruction symbol

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-11

One-shot rising (OSR)

When the rung conditions preceding the OSR go from false-to-
true, the OSR instruction goes true also but for only one scan
The address on the OSR instruction is a bit that is used to
reflect the state of the input to the OSR.

Instruction symbol

OSR I:1/0

OSR output
One PLC scan
Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-12

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Branches
Branches can be inserted in ladder logic programs to
create parallel combinations of various ladder logic
elements

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-13

Multiple Series/Parallel Branches

Multiple series/parallel branches can be utilized with

multiple inputs and also affecting multiple outputs in
parallel

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-14

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PLC simulator usage
Ladder logic elements (instructions) can be dragged
and dropped onto the ladder window to create a
ladder logic program
The ladder logic program is executed by going
online, downloading the PLC program, and
switching to run mode

OFFLINE/ONLINE control Download PLC run mode

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-15

ProSim simulations
The Logixpro simulator provides a set of built-in simulations
The I/O simulation initially will be of most use since it provides
access to simulated discrete inputs (switches) and outputs
(lamps)

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-16

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Other Prosim simulations
Available simulators
Door simulator
Silo simulator
Traffic simulator
Batch simulator
Dual Compressor simulator
Bottle line simulator
Four floor elevator simulator
Most projects will involve designing ladder
logic programs to control these simulations

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-17

Batch simulator showing example I/O

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-18

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