Bella Cruz Hernandez

Education 201
Professor: Christensen
10/10/2017

Education Historical Time Line

American Colonies (1620-1750)

1.Parocial School based on religious beliefs. The Dame Schools was the initial instruction for
boys & schooling for girls. Reading and Writing Schools lessons based out of the bible. Latin
Boston Grammar School was founded in 1635 to provide a pre-college education for the new
countrys future leaders.

Status of teachers:
-Settelers
-Puritans
-New England Colonies
-Poorly qualified in structures
-Middle Colonies
-Wealthy Plantation owners
-Heavily religious influences
Laws-Purpose-Dates
-church state in school are interrelated
-Strict Religious discipline
-Idea of education: children possessed
-Small/poor farmers: no formal schooling
-African Slaves no schooling just training to serve master (1704).
Educational Policies
-Children attended elementary level to require basic skills to read the scriptures
-Students from upper classes had opportunities to attend Latin grammar schools, given
college prep.
-Town Schools created throughout colonies
-School routine-characterized by harshness and dogmatism

Revolution Period (1750-1820)

Education in the US during the revolutionary period was characterized by a general
decline of European influences in schools.
 -Religious traditions continued to affect the curriculum.
-The young countries need to develop agriculture, shipping, commerce also influences the
curriculum.
American Revolution of 1776- America found its own identity and turning away from the
European influences.
Benjamin Franklin-designed and promoted Philadelphia Academy in 1751. Old Latin
grammar school but they focused more on the English Language for both Male and
female.
-school is privately controlled & financed, but is still supported by public funds.
Sarah Pierces Female Academy
-Started with two students at her home and spread her academy to every state and even in
Canada
-curriculum emphasize on practical knowledge and skills.
-Female seminaries: started in the 19th century for higher education and for public
service.
1821 Troy seminary-First female/women college in the country founded by Emma
Willard
Thomas Jeffersons philosophy
-Viewed education of common people as the most effective means of preserving liberty.
He believed it was necessary in order to raise the mass of the people to the high grand of
moral respectability necessary to their own safety and to orderly government.
Noah Websters speller
-His book, Noah Websters elementary spelling book. The American dictionary was
introduced in 1793 and quickly became one of the most popular books of the generation .
He declared the purpose of his book was to help teachers instill in their students. The
first rudiments of the language, some just ideas of religion, morals and domestic
economy.
Education for African & Native Americans
-African American who were literate had been thought by their masters or through church
affiliated programs.
-Literate Native & Mexicans Americans received their training at the hands of
missionaries.
-Other schools for African and native Americans were started by the Quakers, who
regarded slavery as a moral evil.
-Anthony Benezet
-Founded of the best-known schools for African Americans in Philadelphia.
-1819 federal funds for reservation schools were granted.
State supported common schools (1820-1865)
1821-The Boston English Classical schools was renamed to English High School. It was the
first state supported high school in the U.S.
1837-Froebel developed child centered curriculum materials that were used in kindergartens in
the U.S. and throughout the world.
1837-Horace Mann became secretary of the Massachusetts board of education, and began to
improve quality of schools.
1839-First public normal schools opened in Lexington Massachusetts.
1841-Horace Mann published a Fifth Journal report article in The common school Journal.
1843-Mann published his Seventh report.
1848-Horace Mann resigned his secretary board of education position.
1857-The National Education Association was founded.
1860-MC Guffey readers sold over 120 million copies.
1862-Morrill Land- Grant Act.

Compulsory Education (1865-1920)

1837-Frederick W. Taylor created idea of Kindergarten and developed the first class.
1852-First state past compulsory education.
1855-Margareth Schurz opened the first U.S. Kindergarten in her home.
1860-Elizabeth Peabody opened first English-speaking kindergarten. 64%, 5-17-year-old
attended public school.
1865: African American leaders in Georgia formed education association.
1873: Susan Blow established first successful kindergarten. 12 kindergartens in the country.
1879- 131 teachers working in 53 kindergarten classes.
1880- Booker T. Washington helped fund industrial schools for African Americans.
1892- NEA appointed its committed of ten.
1893- NEA appointed its committee of fifteen, both committees make recommendation for
secondary and elementary curriculars.
1913- NEA appointed the commissions on the reorganization of secondary education to
reexamine secondary curriculum.
1916- American federation of teachers professionalized teaching and increased teacher salaries.
1920- 78.3% of 15-17 years old attended public school.
Progressive Era (1920-1945)

(1859-1952)- John Dewey created a laboratory school for testing progressive principals.
(1870-1952)- Maria Montessori is and Italian physician who believed the childrens development
could be enhanced with mentally appropriate activities.
(1875-1955)- Mary Mclead Bethune is spokesperson for African Americans educational rights.
(1924) Native Americans granted citizenship.
(1928) LandMark title The problem of Indian administration recommended Native American
education be restructured.
(1929-1939) Great depression
(1939-1945) WW11
(1944) GI Bill of Rights provide millions of veterans with payments for college, universities, and
special schools.
Based on the belief that life is evolving in a positive direction. Understanding the childs world
psychological dimension and then progress to the logical dimension.
School policies include the punishment of students speaking Spanish in school. Efforts were
made to exclude certain groups for the purpose of preserving traditional cultures.

Modern Post War Era to present (1945-2000)

Laws
(1954) Brown V. Board of education.
-Chief justice Earl Warren declared that to segregate school children.
(1965)- National Defense Education act U.S. office of education introduced new science and
math, modern foreign languages and guidance. Nowadays they call this Title 3.
(1965- Elementary and Secondary education
-President Johnson great society problem allocated funds on poor people and school districts-
Title 7.
-Presidents Kennedy and Johnson gave money to war of poverty.
(1975)- Title 1 Stated that no person in the U.S. basis of sex be excluded from participation.
(1975)-Education for all handicap children. Act: free Appropriate education, parents involved in
planning education programs for kids.
(1988)- Paideia Proposal- strong thing care curriculum in High Schools.
2007: National Assessment of Educational Progress-promoted achievement of students from
diverse, racial, cultural, and social- class groups.
2002-NCLB Act- George Bush signed the Act.

Policies
-Back-to Back Movement- increased teacher accountability.
-Accountability of 1970s- Limited teachers instructional flexibility and extended evaluation
paperwork.
1983-A report by the National Commission on Excellence in Education debate the A National
at Risk, because reports on U.S schools were failing miserably to achieve their goals.

Overall Educational History is important and necessary to teachers can improve leadership for
our education future.

Information found in the book Becoming a Teacher Chapter #5 Historical Foundation of the
U.S Education.