Verbs

?What Is A Verb
: . .

..

Subject + Verb+ Object

. Salem reads a book

# :

-1 )(a verb

.I come from Canada

)(come

-2 ) ( Compound Verb

.It will snow tomorrow

)(will snow

Will snow

# :
 Present simple

past simple

Future

#
Regular verbs & Irregular Verbs

.We talk to our father

) ( ) (talk

ed :

.We talked to our father

Talk >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>talked

ed .

.They go to school

Go ed

They went to school

.

 Go >>>>>>>>>>>>>went
ed Go

INFINITIVE SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

 arise arose
awake awoke arisen
be was, were awoken
beat beat been
become became beaten
begin began become
bend bent begun
bet bet bent
bite bit bet
bleed bled bitten
blow blew bled
break broke blown
bring brought broken
broadcast broadcast brought
build built broadcast
burn burnt built
burst burst burnt
buy bought burst
catch caught bought
choose chose caught
come came chosen
cost cost come
cut cut cost
deal dealt cut
dig dug dealt
do did dug
draw drew done
dream dreamt drawn
drink drank dreamt
drive drove drunk
eat ate driven
fall fell eaten
feed fed fallen
feel felt fed
fight fought felt
find found fought
fly flew found
forbid fordad(e) flown
forget forgot forbidden
forgive forgave forgotten
freeze froze forgiven
get got frozen
give gave got
go went given
grow grew gone
hang hung grown
have had hung
hear heard had
hide hid heard
hit hit hidden
hold held hit
hurt hurt held
keep kept hurt

Present simple

)?What do we mean by ( Present simple

Present simple present continous

.

?How to form present simple

Present simple

Subject + verb (s) +object :

) (s
: ) (s 1:

- :
He , She , It

) (s
) (s

.Examples: He sings in his room /...

.
.She eats the apple

It snows in Alaska
.
) (s
He , She , it

We , they , I , you )(s
-2 .
) (s
. Examples Naser sings in his room/


 .Faten eats the apple
.

.The Internet stops suddenly

.

:
Subject + verb +object
) (s
*

I , you , they ,we Examples /
.They watch the T.V every day

.We watch the T.V every day

.

.You watch the T.V every day

.

.I watch the T.V every day

.

) (s:
.They watches the T.V every day
) (s They
He , She ,it

: Is , am , are :
Is >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>singular

) (is )( She , He , it
:
. She is a muslim

. He is a muslim
.

.It is a nice book

.

.Huda is a muslim girl

.
 Are>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>plural

Are ) (They ,we , you

:
.They are Muslims
.

We are Muslims
.

.You are Muslim

.

Am I .

:
.I am from Saudia Arabia

I is are

) (Helping verb .

?When to use the present simple
/

Actions which happen regularly (every day, every week, etc.).

Examples/
.They go to school every day
.
.
.She takes ashower every Friday
.
.

/ ) ,(...

Examples/
.The sun rises from the east

.The earth goes round the sun

.
 /

.Nurses look after patients in hospitals

.

* Do / Does
do :
I , you , they ,we does :
He , she ,it
& not Do / Does

Do / Does+ not
:
.I do not like rice

.She does not like rice

.

?How to form questions in present simple

:
.She is amuslim

:
? + V+Subject+the rest of the sentence

...
?Is she amuslim

.

.They watch the T.V every day
:

?Do they watch the T.V every day

* :
. Always, usually, often
 Present Continuous

?What do we mean by the term Present Continuous
) (

*
?When to use the Present Continuous
:

. .
Now

Examples /

. Naser and Mohammad are playing football now

)) ((
.

Examples /

.Salem is working for an oil company

)) ((

))(( .

.Mary is studying music in New York

)) ((

. )) ((

Examples /

.We are buying anew car as soon as the new models come out

)) ((

.
As soon as
 .The new student is arriving next week

)) ((

.
Next week

. always
Example/

.My young son always is learning new things

.

.Wake up ! you are always sleeping

.

.
Examples /

.I am taking five course this semester

.She is writing another book this year

&
? How to form The present Continuous
 ..

) (ing
)(is-am- are
:

/
I + am + V -ing

I ) am I (am

)(ing

.I am reading a nice story now

.

/
) is + V (ing) + (she-he-it

She-he -it

is )(ing

..

. She is trying to improve his work

.It is raining

/
)are+ V (ing) +(we-you-they

we-you-they

are )(ing

.They are sleeping now

.You are singing beautifully

/ ))((!!!

/
Mental state

) -know-realize-understand-recognize

-believe-feel-suppose-think-imagine

(doubt-remember-forget-want-need-prefer-mean

.He is knowing

He knows

/
Emotinal state

) (love-like-appreciate-hate-dislike-fear-envy-mind -care

)Possesion(posses-have-own-belong

/
Sense perception

) (taste-smell-hear-feel-see

/
) (seem-look-appear-cost-owe-weigh-be-exist-consist of- contain-include

* :
?How to form the negative

not

.They are sleeping now

 .
not
Is-am-are

.They are not sleeping now

How to form Questions in Present Continous

..

.They are sleeping now

?Are they sleeping now



The Present Perfect tense

* /

)) (( . The Present Perfect tense

.. ..

/
))?What do we mean by the term ((Present Perfect

)) _ .......-((

. :
* . .
* .

,,,, :

))(( :

)) ((

. .
..

.Nora: Read this book , it is very nice

.Halh: I have read it already

. .

*
 ?How to form the present perfect tense

Have/has Past participle

:
Has /have + Past participle

)) (( :

has

She-he-it has

)Subject+has+ V(past participle

She-he-it has
.
Examples /
.She has learned French already
.

.He has lost his keys

have

I-you-we-they have

)Subject+have+ V(past participle

I-you-we-they
have
.

Examples /
.I have met many people since I came here in june
.

.We have been here for two weeks

.

.They have studied the lesson very good

.
 *
?When to use the Present Perfect tense

:
)0((
. since

.I have met many people since I came here in June

.

. He has spoken English since he was achild

)) (( )) (( .

: :
)) (( . for :

.He has studied English for along time

.

)) (( .

.They have been here for several years

)) (( .

: :
)) (( .:

.He has played football from time to time

.

.He has appeared on television Occasionally

.
 : :
.

.He has just left

.She has worked very hard this week

.

Since for

Since
:

.I have met many people since I came here in June

.

For
:

.He has studied English for along time

.

?How to make questions

..

.They have studied the lesson very well

?Have they studied the lesson very well

have they ...

* The negative

not never
 have/has

.They have studied the lesson very well

.They have not studied the lesson very well

:
already

.She has already gone

Just .

- .

?Do you like something to eat

.No I have just had lunch

Yet

.I have written the letter but I havent posted it yet

?Has it stopped raining yet

*: .

.This is the first time I have driven a car

Have you ever+V past participle

?Have you ever eaten caviar

?Have you ever read Hamlet



The present perfect continuous tense

?What do we mean by Present Perfect tense

))(( ) (

) (
O.K

) ( .

)) (( ) (

..

?How to form The present perfect continuous tense

Have

Has
Been

Ing

Have/has +Been+ V- ing

Been
Ing

:
/ Singular

has
:
:
 She-He-It

Subject + has+ been + V ing

. He has been working

/ Plural have
:
:
I we you - they

Subject + have+ been + V ing

. They have been working

?When to use The present perfect continuous tense

) (

. .

Examples /
.I have been sitting here since seven oclock
. ) . (

?You have been studying for five hours. Why dont you take a break
.
) ( .

. It has been raining all day

.

Since for

All morning

All day

All week

.
 :

The Present continuous


The Present Perfect continuous

.I am writing the lesson

.He has been repairing the car since seven oclock

) (live-work- teach
-

.I have lived here since 1985

1985

.I have been living here since 1985

1985

The Past simple

?What do we mean by The past Simple Tense

. .

,,,, .

) ( .

?How to form the Past simple Tense

: ) (
)(ed
.

:
Regular Verbs

..

....
.. :
Subject+ V-ed+ Complement
Ed .

.It rained yesterday

Rain
 ed .

.Naser arrived last night

ed .

ed .

Irregular Verbs

) (

) (

?When to use The Past Simple

. :

Yesterday

last night

year ago

last week
 last month

:Examples

.It rained yesterday

.Naser arrived last night

. They came here ayear ago

/ .

:Examples

. He went to town

.He spoke to the captin about it

) . (

. .
:Examples

. He went to town

.He spoke to the captin about it

) . (

The negative

 I walked to school yesterday

did not

Didnt

.I Didnt to school yesterday

?.How to form Q

did Didnt.

?Did you go out last night

did

..

?When did Yaser die

/ be is-am-are

was -were

/ did
was -were

The Past Perfect

?What do we mean by the Past Perfect

) ( ..

/ .

How to form the Past Perfect

Has/have+V-past participle

Had+ V-past participle

had .

had

She-he-it-you-they-we-I
:

.I had eaten the apple before I went to school yesterday

.
O.K

? When to use the Past Perfect

) (

) ( ..

. ) (

Examples/

.My Parents had already eaten by the time I got home

: .

: .

.I had finished my work before the captin came

: .

: .

.He had never seen a cigarette before

.

: .

: .

.He had already heard the story

.

: .

: .

.He had called the doctor when I got there

.

: .

: .

.

The Past continuous tense

? What do we mean by the Past continuous tense

). (

? How to form the Past continuous tense

was/were+V-ing

was/were ing .

Was+V-ing /
was she-I-he-it .

.I was playing
.She was playing
.He was playing
.it was raining

were+V-ing /

/ were we-you-they

:
were+V-ing

.They were playing

We were playing
You were playing

.

?When to use the Pastcontinuous tense

) (

/
Mental state
) know-realize-understand-recognize-believe-feel-suppose

(think-imagine-doubt-remember-forget-want-need-prefer-mean -

/
Emotinal state

) (love-like-appreciate-hate-dislike-fear-envy-mind -care

/
Possesion

)(posses-have-own-belong

/
Sense perception

) (taste-smell-hear-feel-see

)seem-look-appear-cost-owe-weigh-be

(exist-consist of- contain-include -

.I was eating dinner when Sami called me

.
 . )(called

.While they were playing tennismit rained

. + .

.I was walking home when I met Mosa

. + .

.This time last year I was living In Brazil

.At eight Oclock last night I was studying

The Past Perfect Progressive tense

?What do we mean by the Past Perfect Progressive

). (



.

?How to form the Past Perfect Progressive

Have/has+been+V-ing

Had+been+V-ing

. He finally came at six oclock

.I had been waiting for him since four -thirty

he came

had been waiting

..

) (
) (

) ( )(
) . (

*************

The police had been looking for the criminal

.for two years before he cought him

:
/
/

**********

.Her eyes were red because she had been crying

) ( /
) ( / .

.The Simple Future tense

?what do we mean by the term Future tense

) (

. .
.

. ) ( ..

.. ..

**********

? How to form the Simple future tense

Be+going to

Will+main verb

**********

Be+going to

Be

Be :
is-am-are

I<<<<<<<<<<am
she-he-it>>>>>>>>>>is
They-you-we<<<<<<<<<<<are

Be+going to

Examples/

?Why didi you buy this paint

I am going to paint my bedroom tomorrow

am going to

to

to paint .

^^^^^^^^

.Yaser is going to buy acar

is going to .

++++++++++++

/ .
Examples/

.according to weather report ,it is going to be cloudy tomorrow

^^^^^^^^
.Watch out you are going to hurt your self

.
 ). (

+++++++++++++++++

Will+main verb

will

/ .

Examples /

.The phone is ringing

.I will get it
.
.

. will .

^^^^^^^^^

.A: I do not understand this problem

.B: Ask your teacher about it .She will help you

: .
: .

) ( . .

/ .

Examples/

.according to weather report ,it willbe cloudy tomorrow

^^^^^^^^
.Watch out you will hurt your self

). (

*********

Be+going to
will+main V

future Progressive tense

?What do we mean by The Futre Tense

..

.. .. .. ..

..

)) ((.

***********

/ )) ((

..

..

.. .. ..

*************

?How to form The Future Progressive Tense

)) (( ..

.. = ..

/
Will + Be+ V-ing

will Be ing

 /..

. I will begin to study at seven.You will come at eight

. I will be studying when you come

Right now I am sitting in class. At this time tomorrow

.I will be sitting in class ,

. .

***************

is/am/are+going to+be+V-ing

is/am/are

going to

ing be

..Dont call me at nine because i wont be home .

I am going to be studying at the library



The Future Perfect tense

?What do we mean by The Future Perfect tense

) (

) ( .

.. ..

-:

.. ...

,By, when
, before
by the time ...

)) ((

: / )) ((

..

?How to form the Future Perfect tense

Subject+ will+have+ past partciple

 )) ((

will have

)) has will

have (( has

)) ((

++++++++++++++

Examples /

.I will have finished my work before you arrive

)) ((

/ )) ((

2
.She will have left by the time her parents get here

.I will graduate in June.I will see you in July

.By the next time I see you Iwill have graduated

. .

4
.I will have finished my homework by the time I go out tonight

:
 : .

************

?When to use the Future Perfect tense

) ( ) ( .
 Modal Auxiliaries

? What do we mean by Modal auxiliaries

..

.. :

... ..

Can

Could

Had better

May

Might

Must

Ought to

Shall

Should

Will

Would

..
 **************************

.. is-am-are

She-He-it-we-they-you-I

Can

Could

Had better

May

Might

Must

Ought to

Shall

Should

Will

Would

.. is-am-are

is she-he-it
are we-they-you
am I

she-he-it s

. He cans do it

He can do it

.
+

ing ed

He can does it

He can do it

can

.He would went to Taif

.He would go to Taif

would

**************

May-might
 ) (
_______________

?Where is Salwa

.She may be in her office

/
.She might be having lunch
.

/
.Ask Noha, she might know
.

%50

may-might %50

...
____________________

:
-1 present
-2 future .

___________________

.The negative form

not may might

may not might not

.It might not be true

present .
 .I am not sure whether I can lend you any money .I may not have enough
. ) .(

%50

_____________________

The past form of may-might

...

May + have+ P.P

Might + have+ P.P

may might .. have

.

?A- I wonder why Salem did not answer the phone

.

.B- He may have been asleep

) (

.A- I cannot find my bag any where

.

.B- You might haveleft in the shop

) (

..

___________________

.. ..

 ..

.Take an umberrlla with you when you get out side.It might rain later
.

+ .

.I may go to Irland to spent my coming holiday

.

. + .

.Ahmad may not come to the party tonight.He is not well

.
. + .

_________________________

+ / :

?May I borrow your pen

might . may .
?Might I borrow your pen

+ ..

.You may leave the room

.

________________

* May -Might .

* ..

* %50 ..
* +
.

* may not might not

* :

May + have+ P.P

Might + have+ P.P

*
+
+ ..


Future Perfect Progressive Tense

?What do we mean by The Future Perfect Progressive tense

..

..

)). ((

)) ((

,By, when
, before
by the time ...

?How to form the Future Perfect Progressive tense

been ing :

Subject+will+have+been+V-ing

)) (( will )) have (( has

been ing ..

Examples /

On the first of October , I will have been living

 .in my present home for exactly ten years

living

))(( ..

2
They will probably have been playing tennis for several already
.by the time we get there

: .

:3
Mohammad will have been studying

.here five years by the time he gets his degree

: .

?When to use the Future Perfect Progressive tense

..

..
 ..

..

already They will probably have been playing tennis for several
.by the time we get there

..

By the time we get there, they will probably

already have been playing tennis for several



Future Perfect Progressive Tense

?What do we mean by The Future Perfect Progressive tense

..

..

)). ((

)) ((

,By, when
, before
by the time ...

?How to form the Future Perfect Progressive tense

been ing :

Subject+will+have+been+V-ing

)) (( will )) have (( has

been ing ..

Examples /

On the first of October , I will have been living

 .in my present home for exactly ten years

living

))(( ..

2
They will probably have been playing tennis for several already
.by the time we get there

: .

:3
Mohammad will have been studying

.here five years by the time he gets his degree

: .

?When to use the Future Perfect Progressive tense

..

..
 ..

..

already They will probably have been playing tennis for several
.by the time we get there

..

By the time we get there, they will probably

already have been playing tennis for several

 Modal Auxiliaries

Must-have to

/ must

must

. must

... must

..

must may-might

must

.%50

/Examples

.All applicants must take entrance exam

must << take

must

.I must get up early tomorrow.I have alot of things I want to do

must << get up

must

.You must practise English language.You will forget it

. .

must <<practise

must

______________________

? must

must+infinitive verb

must
..

.I must go now

.
must go

now

++++++++

must+infinitive verb

must
..

 .I must go tomorrow

.
must go

tomorrow

*********

Past

..

forms must

present future

must

=...%95 :

.Noha is not in class.She must be sick

. ..

present %95
.%95

must+have+been

.Noha must have been sick yesterday

.. ....

________________

:must
The Negative form

not must

must not :
 Mustnt

/Examples

.You must keep it a secret .you mustnt tell any body

. .

+++++++

)) have to ((

<<< must / have to

have to

have to

hafta has to hasta

have to

must ..

... have to

Must

.. must have to hase to

)(

must

must

..

/Examples

.All applicants have to take entrance exam

have to << take

.. . must

.I have to get up early tomorrow

..I am going away & my train leaves at 7.30

) ( .

have to << get up

.. .

. ..

______________________

?have to

have to ..

must

have to +infinitive verb

have to
..

.I have to go now

.
have to go
now

***********

must
:
 have to +infinitive verb

have to
..

.I have to go tomorrow

.
have to go
tomorrow

++++++++

Past

had to +infinitive

had to <<

.I had to go to hospital
..

_______________

: have to
The Negative form

do not dont doesnt

didnt have to

/Examples

.I can hear you. you dont have to shout

= .

Tomorrow is a holiday. We
.dont have to go to class

. .

.Salem doesnt have to work on Friday

 .

**********

* MUST HAVE TO <<<<< HAS TO

)( ..

<<<<must

,,

..

<<<<mustnt must

.. ..

have to ) has to ( <<<

,,

.. ..

dont doesnt didnt <<< have to

..

* must

%95

have to has to ..
 Modal Auxiliaries

Should-ought to -had better

should / ought to

.You should study harder

.You ought to study harder

/ should ought to .

/ ..

..

<<<<<<<

..

You should study harder

.

<<<
..

.Drivers should obey the speed limit

 ..
.Drivers ought toobey the speed limit
..

..

____________________

?The negative form

..

<<<<< Should Shouldnt

<<<<< ought to .

. to <<<<<Oughtnt

.You shouldnt leave the keys in the car

..
.You oughtntleave the keys in the car

___________________

Should ought to

should /

/ Present

Should+V- infintive

should ..

. You should study this lesson

.

should ..

..

*******

/Future

Should+V- infintive
 should ..

.You should memorizethis lesson tommorrow

.

should ..

..

..

*******

/ The past

should + have + P.P

should have p.p..

I had a test this morning. I didnt do well on the test because

.I didnt study for it last night. I should have studied last night

. .

+++++++++++++++

ought to /

/ Present

ought to +V- infintive

ought to ..

 . You ought to study this lesson
.

ought to ..

..

*******

/Future

ought to +V- infintive

ought to ..

.You ought to memorizethis lesson tommorrow

.

ought to ..

..

..

*******

/ The past

ought to + have + P.P

ought to have p.p..

I had a test this morning. I didnt do well on the test

.because I didnt study for it last night. I ought to have studied last night

. .

 / should

.ought to

Had better

should ought to had better

.. had beteer ..

had better should ought to

.

.The gas tanky is almost empty.We had better stop at the next service station

. .

.. /

..

.. ..