1) Which type of infrastructure service provides data, voice and video connectivity to employees, customers,

and suppliers?
1. A) Networking
2. B) Telephone
3. C) VOIP
4. D) Telecommunications
5. E) Data management
Answer: D

2) Which of the following is not an IT infrastructure service component?

6. A) Operating system software
7. B) Computing platforms to provide a coherent digital environment
8. C) Physical facilities management to manage the facilities housing physical components
9. D) IT management services to plan and develop the infrastructure and provide project management
10. E) IT education services that provide training to employees
Answer: A

3) Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the ability to communicate in a network are
called:
11. A) network standards.
12. B) telecommunications standards.
13. C) technology standards.
14. D) Internet standards.
15. E) compatibility standards.
Answer: C

4) Which of the following is a leading networking hardware provider?

16. A) Dell
17. B) Intel
18. C) Seagate
19. D) IBM
20. E) Cisco
Answer: E

21. 5) Software that manages the resources of the computer is called:

22. A) operating system software.
23. B) application software.
24. C) data management software.
25. D) network software.
26. E) web services software.
Answer: A

6) A SAN is a ________ network.

1. A) server area
2. B) storage area
3. C) scalable architecture
4. D) service-oriented architecture
5. E) software arrangement
Answer: B
7) Which of the following is an example of a legacy system?
1. A) Transaction processing system running on a mainframe.
2. B) Scalable grid computing system
3. C) Web services running on a cloud computing platform
4. D) MDM software
5. E) Quantum computing system
Answer: A

8) Which of the following is not an example of a wearable computing device?

1. A) Smartwatch
2. B) Smart glasses
3. C) Smartphones
4. D) Activity trackers
5. E) Smart ID badges
Answer: C

9) A(n)________ server is used to communicate between a web server and an organization's back-end
systems.
1. A) public server
2. B) private server
3. C) legacy server
4. D) application server
5. E) blade server
Answer: D

10) ________ are computers consisting of a circuit board with processors, memory, and network connections
that are stored in racks.
1. A) Mainframes
2. B) Rack servers
3. C) Cloud servers
4. D) Hybrid servers
5. E) Blade servers
Answer: E

11) Client/server computing is a primary example of centralized processing.

Answer: FALSE

12) In N-tier computing, significant parts of website content, logic, and processing are performed by different
servers.
Answer: TRUE

13) Application server software is responsible for locating and managing stored web pages.
Answer: FALSE

14) IT infrastructure consists of only those physical computing devices required to operate the enterprise.
Answer: FALSE

15) An application server may reside on the same computer as a web server or on its own dedicated computer.
Answer: TRUE

16) The operating system is used to manage the computer's activities.

Answer: TRUE

17) SANs maintain a series of servers and provide fee-paying subscribers with space to maintain their
websites.
Answer: FALSE
19) Place the following eras of IT infrastructure evolution in order, from earliest to most recent: 1. Cloud
Computing Era; 2. Client/Server; 3. Enterprise Era; 4. Personal Computer; and 5. Mainframe and
Minicomputer.
1. A) 5, 2, 3, 4, 1
2. B) 5, 4, 2, 3, 1
3. C) 4, 5, 2, 3, 1
4. D) 5, 4, 2, 1, 3
5. E) 4, 5, 3, 2, 1
Answer: B

20) The introduction of the minicomputer:

1. A) allowed computers to be customized to the specific needs of departments or business units.
2. B) strengthened centralized computing.
3. C) offered new, powerful machines at higher prices than mainframes.
4. D) represented the rise of Microsoft.
5. E) was dominated by IBM.
Answer: A

21) A client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of
computers, is called a(n):
1. A) service-oriented architecture.
2. B) on-demand architecture.
3. C) multi-tiered client/server architecture.
4. D) two-tiered client/server architecture.
5. E) divided architecture.
Answer: D

22) In a multi-tiered network:

1. A) the work of the entire network is centralized.
2. B) the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.
3. C) processing is split between clients and servers.
4. D) processing is handled by multiple, geographically-remote clients.
5. E) processing is located in the cloud.
Answer: B

23) Interpretations of Moore's law assert that:

1. A) computing power will eventually level off.
2. B) transistors decrease in size 50% every two years.
3. C) data storage costs decrease by 50% every 18 months.
4. D) PCs decrease in market share by 9% every 5 years.
5. E) computing power doubles every 18 months.
Answer: E

24) Today's nanotechnology-produced computer transistors are roughly equivalent in size to:
1. A) the width of a fingernail.
2. B) a human hair.
3. C) a virus.
4. D) an atom.
5. E) a grain of sand.
Answer: C
25) ZipRealty, which combines Google Maps with real estate data, is an example of:
1. A) cloud computing.
2. B) SOA.
3. C) a widget.
4. D) a mashup.
5. E) a web service.
Answer: D

26) Which of the following is a multitasking, multi-user, operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that
operates on a wide variety of computing platforms?
1. A) Unix
2. B) Linux
3. C) OS X
4. D) COBOL
5. E) DOS
Answer: A

27) Which of the following is the network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks
that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further
stimulated the adoption of personal computers?
1. A) TCP/IP
2. B) COBOL
3. C) Ethernet
4. D) ASCII
5. E) Linux
Answer: C

28) The development of TCP/IP occurred during the ________ era.

1. A) cloud and mobile computing
2. B) general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer
3. C) client/server era
4. D) personal computer
5. E) enterprise computing
Answer: E

29) Which of the following became the standard PC in the Personal Computer Era?
1. A) Wintel PC
2. B) DOS PC
3. C) MITS PC
4. D) Altair
5. E) Apple II
Answer: A

30) ________ uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices.
1. A) Virtualization
2. B) Nanotechnology
3. C) Quantum computing
4. D) A minicomputer
5. E) On-demand computing
Answer: B
31) ________ states that the value or power of a network grows exponentially as a function of the number of
network members.
1. A) Metcalfe's Law
2. B) Moore's Law
3. C) Law of scalability
4. D) Law of outsourcing
5. E) Law of networks
Answer: A

32) ________ interfaces allow users to employ one or more fingers to manipulate objects on a screen without
a mouse or keyboard.
1. A) Hypertouch
2. B) Nanotech
3. C) Multitouch
4. D) Linux
5. E) Scalable
Answer: C

33) Enterprise infrastructure requires software that can link disparate applications and enable data to flow
freely among different parts of the business.
Answer: TRUE

35) Which of the following is not an example of the mobile digital platform?
1. A) Tablets
2. B) Kindle
3. C) Cell phones
4. D) CRM
5. E) Apps
Answer: D

36) All of the following are current hardware platform trends except:
1. A) green computing.
2. B) virtualization.
3. C) cloud computing.
4. D) Unix.
5. E) quantum computing.
Answer: D

37) The ability to be in multiple states at once, dramatically increasing processing power, is a hallmark of:
1. A) co-location.
2. B) edge computing.
3. C) grid computing.
4. D) utility computing.
5. E) quantum computing.
Answer: E

38) Which of the following is a recent addition to the mobile digital platform?
1. A) Quantum computing devices
2. B) Wearable computing devices
3. C) Cloud computing devices
4. D) Grid computing devices
5. E) Green computing devices
Answer: B
39) At what percent of capacity do most servers operate?
1. A) 100%
2. B) 80-90%
3. C) approximately 70 percent
4. D) 40-50%
5. E) 15-20%
Answer: E

40) Which of the following enables a single physical resource (such as a server or a storage device) to appear
to the user as multiple logical resources?
1. A) Cloud computing
2. B) Autonomic computing
3. C) Virtualization
4. D) Multicore processing
5. E) Ubiquitous computing
Answer: C

41) Which of the following types of computing involves purchasing computing power from a remote provider
and paying only for the computing power used?
1. A) On-demand
2. B) Grid
3. C) Edge
4. D) Autonomic
5. E) Quantum
Answer: A

42) All of the following are cloud computing services except:

1. A) infrastructure as a service.
2. B) platform as a service.
3. C) software as a service.
4. D) on-demand computing.
5. E) virtualization as a service.
Answer: E

43) Firms that allow employees to use their own devices are embracing which of the following?
1. A) Wearable computing
2. B) Mobile consolidation
3. C) Cloud computing
4. D) BYOD
5. E) Self computing
Answer: D

44) The marketplace for computer hardware:

1. A) has become increasingly concentrated in top firms.
2. B) has expanded to include a wide variety of start-up and mobile-computing firms.
3. C) has moved significantly to Asian firms.
4. D) has been decimated by mobile and cloud computing.
5. E) has begun moving away from blade servers.
Answer: A
45) Which of the following is the most popular mobile operating system?
1. A) Linux
2. B) Android
3. C) Chrome OS
4. D) iOS
5. E) Unix
Answer: B
46) Which of the following is not one of the NIST defined characteristics of cloud computing?
1. A) Ubiquitous network access
2. B) Location-independent resource pooling
3. C) On-demand self service
4. D) Measured service
5. E) Reduced elasticity
Answer: E

47)Which of the following is not an example of the consumerization of IT?

1. A) Google Apps
2. B) Dropbox
3. C) Facebook
4. D) Gmail
5. E) Amazon Web Services
Answer: E

48) A(n) ________ is an integrated circuit to which two or more processors have been attached for enhanced
performance and reduced power consumption.
1. A) multicore processor
2. B) legacy processor
3. C) scalable processor
4. D) aggregate circuit
5. E) green circuit
Answer: A

49) In green computing, reducing computer power consumption is a top priority.

Answer: TRUE

50) Quantum computing is implemented primarily with enterprise or ISP servers.

Answer: FALSE

54) Which type of software is created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers and available
for free?
1. A) Software packages
2. B) Mashups
3. C) Outsourced
4. D) Open source
5. E) Closed source
Answer: D

55) Which of the following is not one of the current software platform trends?
1. A) Web services and service-oriented architecture
2. B) Open-source software
3. C) HTML5
4. D) Software outsourcing
5. E) Multicore processors
Answer: E

56) Linux is:

1. A) primarily concerned with the tasks of end users.
2. B) designed for specific machines and specific microprocessors.
3. C) an example of open-source software.
4. D) especially useful for processing numeric data.
5. E) poorly suited to power fast computers.
Answer: C
57) Which of the following statements about Linux is not true?
1. A) It plays a major role in the back office running local area networks.
2. B) It is available in free versions downloadable from the Internet.
3. C) It has garnered 20 percent of the server operating system market.
4. D) Linux applications are embedded in cell phones, smartphones, netbooks, and other handheld
devices.
5. E) Linux works on all the major hardware platforms.
Answer: C

58) Running a Java program on a computer requires:

1. A) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on that computer.
2. B) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the server hosting the Java applet.
3. C) a miniature program to be downloaded to the user's computer.
4. D) no specialized software, as Java is platform-independent.
5. E) the Mozilla Firefox browser and no other browsers.
Answer: A

59) A software program with a graphical user interface for displaying web pages and for accessing the web
and other Internet resources is called a web:
1. A) service.
2. B) client.
3. C) browser.
4. D) app.
5. E) beacon.
Answer: C

60) Sets of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using standard
web communication standards and languages are referred to as:
1. A) web services.
2. B) EAI software.
3. C) SOA.
4. D) SOAP.
5. E) SaaS.
Answer: A

61) Which of the following is the foundation technology for web services?
1. A) XML
2. B) HTML
3. C) SOAP
4. D) UDDI
5. E) SCSI
Answer: A

62) Which of the following refers to a set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create
a working software application?
1. A) Web services
2. B) EAI software
3. C) SOA
4. D) SOAP
5. E) Prepackaged software
Answer: C
63) Prewritten, commercially available sets of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its
own software programs for certain functions, are referred to as:
1. A) software packages.
2. B) mashups.
3. C) outsourced software.
4. D) open-source software.
5. E) service level agreements.
Answer: A

64) ________ are created by combining and customizing components from different online software
applications.
1. A) Apps
2. B) Web browsers
3. C) SaaS
4. D) Web services
5. E) Mashups
Answer: E

65) The practice of contracting custom software development to an outside firm is commonly referred to as:
1. A) outsourcing.
2. B) scaling.
3. C) service-oriented architecture.
4. D) application integration.
5. E) utility computing.
Answer: A

66) A formal contract between customers and their service providers that outlines the specific responsibilities
of the service provider and to the customer is called a(n):
1. A) SOA.
2. B) SLA.
3. C) TCO.
4. D) RFQ.
5. E) SaaS.
Answer: B

67) SaaS refers to:

1. A) supplying online access over networks to storage devices and storage area network technology.
2. B) managing combinations of applications, networks, systems, storage, and security as well as
providing Web site and systems performance monitoring to subscribers over the Internet.
3. C) self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application.
4. D) easy-to-use software tools for displaying Web pages.
5. E) hosting and managing access to software applications delivered over the Internet to clients on a
subscription basis.
Answer: E

68) ________ provides a standard format for data exchange, enabling web services to pass data from one
process to another.
1. A) HTML
2. B) HTML5
3. C) Java
4. D) Chrome OS
5. E) XML
Answer: E
69) Which of the following involves practices and technologies to minimize the environmental effects of
manufacturing and managing computing devices?
1. A) Capacity planning
2. B) Cloud computing
3. C) Green computing
4. D) Utility computing
5. E) On-demand computing
Answer: C

70) The decision to purchase your own IT assets or rent them from external providers is also referred to as the
rent-versus-buy decision.
Answer: TRUE

71) It is much easier to eliminate a cloud service than to remove functionality from a companys core internal
systems.
Answer: TRUE

72) Java software is designed to run on any computing device, regardless of the specific microprocessor or
operating system it uses.
Answer: TRUE

73) Web services can exchange information between two different systems only if the operating systems and
programming languages upon which the systems are based are identical.
Answer: FALSE

74) Whereas HTML is limited to describing how data should be presented in the form of Web pages, XML can
perform presentation, communication, and data storage tasks.
Answer: TRUE

75) Hypertext markup language specifies how text, graphics, video, and sound are placed on a web page.
Answer: TRUE

76) A service-oriented architecture is set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create
a working software application.
Answer: TRUE

77) Today, many business firms continue to operate legacy systems because they meet a business need and
would be costly to replace.
Answer: TRUE

80) Which of the following factors does not help explain why computing resources today are even more
available than in previous decades?
1. A) Network economics
2. B) Law of mass digital storage
3. C) Moore's law
4. D) Declining communications costs and the Internet
5. E) Widespread rejection of technology standards
Answer: E
81) Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a larger
number of users without breaking down?
1. A) Modality
2. B) Scalability
3. C) Expandability
4. D) Disintermediation
5. E) Customizability
Answer: B
82) Hardware and software acquisition costs account for about ________ percent of TCO.
1. A) 20
2. B) 40
3. C) 50
4. D) 75
5. E) 90
Answer: A

83) Which model can be used to analyze the direct and indirect costs to help firms determine the actual cost of
specific technology implementations?
1. A) Supply and demand
2. B) Return on investment
3. C) Breakeven point
4. D) Cost-benefit analysis
5. E) Total cost of ownership
Answer: E

84) How would you determine the market demand for your firm's IT services?
1. A) Perform a TCO analysis.
2. B) Benchmark your services.
3. C) Hold focus groups to assess your services.
4. D) Analyze sales returns on key investments.
5. E) Perform a stress test.
Answer: C

85) Which of the following is not one of the main six factors to consider when evaluating how much your firm
should spend on IT infrastructure?
1. A) Your firm's business strategy
2. B) The IT investments made by competitor firms
3. C) Market demand for your firm's services
4. D) Your firm's organizational culture
5. E) Information technology assessment
Answer: D

86) Scalability refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of
users without breaking down.
Answer: TRUE

87) TCO refers to the original cost of purchased technology: both hardware and software.
Answer: FALSE

96) In financial services firms, investments in IT infrastructure represent more than half of all capital invested.
Answer: TRUE

97) Microsoft is the market leader in client/server networking.

Answer: TRUE

98) Cloud computing is the fastest growing form of computing.

Answer: TRUE

99) Exponential growth in the number of transistors and the power of processors is expected to consider for
the foreseeable future.
Answer: FALSE

100) Quantum computing is not yet available to the general public.

Answer: FALSE