AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK

1972 PUBLICATION
(with 1971 Supplement: IV incorporated)

MECH.~NICAL PR'OPERTIES DATA CENTER

BELFOUR STULEN, INC.

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

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 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK

COORDINATING EDITOR CHIEF TECHNICAL EDITOR

J. WOLF W. F. BROWN, JR.

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS

W. F. BROWN, JR. C. F. HICKEY, JR. J. G. SESSLER

W. W. DYRKACZ J. R. KATTUS J. L. SHANNOI1I, JR.

D. C. GOLDBERG S. S. MANSON DR. R. P. WEI

PRODUCED BY

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES DATA CENTER

TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN 49684

COOPERATING ORGANIZATIONS
THE HANDBOOK WAS ORIGINATED AND DEVELOPED THROUGH 1967 BY SYRACUSE
UNIVERSITY WITH COOPERATION AND CONTRIBUTIVE EFFORT FROM INDIVIDUAL,
CORPORATE, AND GOVERNMENT SOURCES. THE MECHANICAL PROPEHTIES DATA
CENTER, IN ASSUMING MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILIT Y FOR THE CONTINUATION
OF THE HANDBOOK, IS INDEBTED TO THESE CONTRIBUTORS .

Allison Dlvlsio:;, General Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp. Armco Steel Corporation Boeing Company
G. N. Aggen (Baltimore, Maryland) E. E. Bauer
Motors Corporation
A. G. Cook H. W. Garvin M. A. Dlsotcll
D. K. Hanink
R. L. Cook K. L. White C. G. Tiffany
P. E. Hamilton
R. H. Kaltenhauser R. I. Pi!yck
R. A. Lui::. T. E. Molnar Brush Beryllium Company
T. T. Magel B. King
Alloy ~ting Institute J. R. Miller
E. A. Schoefer J. L. Nock Army Matorials and Mechanics Cannon-Muskego n Corporation
Research Center A. Dykema
J. I. Btul:m S. Morykawas
F. R. Larson
Allvac Carpenter Stoel Compa.."ly
Aluminum Assocl~tion T. E. Williams, Jr. c. Brumbach
P. i'. Mara D. Enkerud
Babcock and Wilcox Company
Armco Steel Corporation R. C. Angell Cleveland Refractory MetalR
J. N. Barnett J. W. Spelman
L. F. Logby
Aluminum Company of America M. Mar&:,all The Bendix Corporation
D. c. Perry J. L. Beaton Climax Molybdenum Company
M. Holt
D. L. Frisby J. A. Grodrian J. Z. Briggs
L. W. Mayer
 Cobalt Informat ion Center Imperial Metal Industrie s, Ltd.
Battelle Memoria l Institute North America n Roc'<well Corp. Tlmken Roller Bearing Company
Blrmingb am 6, England P. S. Maynard
F. R. Morral T. E. Green E. S. Rowland
C. P. Weigel
Crucible Steel Company of North America n Rockwell Corp.
Internati onal Nickel Company, Inc. Los Angeles Division
America c. c. Titanium Metals Corporat ion
J. A. Bucy
Clark c. L. Davis of America
R. T. Decker
P.Dazby R. W. Fawley E. F. Erbln
R. C. n.rsteln North America n Rockwell Corp. c. w. Field
K. D. Millis Rocket.dyne Division
A.Kasak c. W. w. Minkler
J. Novak J. A. Doe
R. T. Morelll c. E. Witherel l
. F. F. Heatley Union Carbide Stellite Comp1111y
Nuclear Metals, Inc. Division of Union Carbide Corp.
Internati onal Nickel Company, Inc. S. H. Gelles
Curtiss- Wrlgbt Corporat ion F. A. Hugbes, Jr.
HWltington Alloy Products Div.
v. J. Mebra M.P. Buck S. J. McCrack en
c. r.iancia Oregon Metallur gical Corp.
E. B. Fernsler K. F. Tupper
Y. Ito E. G. Ridoux
P. Ranson
Defense Metals Informat ion
Center, Battelle Memoria l Phelps Dodge Copper Product Dl v. United Slates Naval Research
Jones and Laugblln Steel Corp. J. J, Conlon
Institute Laborato ry
R. Sergeson B. J. Soiris
F. J. Barone T. Crooker
G. P. Lohman
H. Brown P. Puzak
Pratt and Whitney Aircraft
R. Favor Kaiser Aluminum and Chemica l Division of United Aircraft Corp. United states Steel Corporat ion
D.P. Moon Corporat ion J. E. Arnesen J. M. Barsom
J. D. Jackson L. J. Barker G. Fluery D. J. Carney
Douglas Aircraft Company, Inc. B. E. Snyder J. Gross
Aircraft Ilvision Kawecki Berylco Industrie s J. R. Hamilton
J- s. Dwlnlng R. J. Genoone J. 111. Hodge
E. W. Filer Reactive Metals, Inc. D. W. Kinsey
Douglas Aircraft Company, Inc. S. Cblnowsky A. W. MacLare n
Missile and Space Systems Div. 0. Bertea
W. J. Murphy
H. D. Kessler
Z. P. Zaperste ln S. Novak
H. M. LWldstrom
Ladlsb Company L. F. Porter
Dow Chemica l Company L. G. McCoy A. M. Rathbone
C. K. David G. D. Willette
H. Baker C. A. Furgason A. K. Shoemnk er
M. E. Brooks Republic Steel Corporat ion W. A. Spltzlg
K. E. Nelson Latrobe Steel Company G. J. Spaeder
R. Ault
R. S. Hodder Universa l- Cyclops St.llel Corp.
E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Co. E. s. Bower
R. A. Woodall R. W. Komer
C. 111. Cooper J. E. Fogarty \.__
G. A. Lladis
B. Glasgal
Lockheed - Californi a Company C. P. Mueller
Electron ic Specialty Company G. W. Hinkle
V. D. Moss A. Nagy
D. Stein s. J. Matas
R. P. Routt D. II. Ruhnke
G. E. Wald VASCO
Fabricate d Metals Division J. Savas
A. Bayer
H. K. Porter Company, Inc. Lockhee d-Georgi a Company
D. F. Blake W. T. Shuler Vanadium -Alloys Steel Company
Reynolds Metals Company J. C. Hamaket, Jr.
H. W. Stemme
Fansteel , Inc. W. E. Kelly D. H. Yates
A. W. Dana Lockheed Missiles and Space Co. A.M. Bayer
M. Schussle r Rolled Alloys, Inc.
R. W. Fenn
R. W. Boring Vanadium Corporat ion of
!l. C. Slaughte r
Flrlb Sterling, Inc. B. McLeod Amerlcn
w. A. McKeen The Marquar dt Corporat ion T. W. Merrill
Joseph T. Ryerson nnd Son, Inc.
M. J. Albom
R. G. Glass Vought Aeronaut ics
Frontier Bronze Corporat ion A. E. Hohman
Marshall Space Flight Center Southern Research Institute W. H. Sparrow
T. H. Booth W. A. Mrazek J. D. Morrislo n W. B. Vorhes
J. E. Kingsbur y
Wnh Chang Corporat ion
General Electric Company Special Metals, Inc. W. T. Belous
W. G. Baxter W. B. Au!derha ar C. Forney
Martin Metals Company T. W. Cowan
G. E. Best w. P. Danes!
B. D.Bowen J. Hockin WniMet Alloys Company
Stainless Foundry and Engineer lng
H. G. Popp C. H. Lund R. J. Dvorak
E. W. Ross Company G. J. Grott
G. J, Wile J. McBroom , Jr. G. D. Haley
Mellon Institute
J. A. Molr G. K. Bhat Standard Pressed Steel Company Wcstlngb ouse Electric Corporat ion
Great Lakes Steel Corporat ion C. Floros R. w. Dague
Misco Precision casting Company
C. L. Altenbur ger R. J. Wilcox P. G. Dc!lu!f
A. J. Block Sylvania Electric Products J. K. Wolfe
J. D. Wrlgbt E. T. Portee
NASA, Lewis Research Center
Henry Wiggin & Company, Lid.
G. M. Ault Thompso n- Ramo- Wooldridge Hereford , England
The John Hopkins Universi ty
Applied Physics Laborato ry Tapco Division 11. 'Hodges
Nl tralloy Corporat ion G. L. Hanna
w. c. Caywood c. F. F1oe P. A. Morgan
E. A. Steigerw ald R. S. Norton

iv 1!170, Belfour Stulcn, Inc.

 FOREWORD

The "Aerospa ce Structur al Metals Handbook" was originall y compiled by Syracuse

Universi ty under USAF Contract No. AF 33(616)-7 792. The contract was initiated
under Project 7381, Task No. 7:18103 and was administ ered uuder the direction of
The Informat ion Pro-cessi ng Section, Material s Informat ion Branch, Air Force Ma-
terials Laborato ry, with Mr. George C. Young acting as project engineer . The
Handbook became available for distribut ion in March 1963.

Four revision suppleme nts to the Handbook ASD-TR -63-741 have subseque ntly been
prepared . The first suppleme nt was compiled l.'IJlder USAF Contrac~t No. AF33(61 6)-
7792, and the second, third and fourth suppleme nts were compiled under USAF
Contract No. AF33(615)-1184, by Syracuse Universi ty ..

The contract for continuin g assimila tion and presenta tion of data :for the. :Hancibook
was awarded to the Mechani cal Properti es Data Center at Belfour Stulen, Inc . in
Septemb er 1966.

The first suppleme nt to the Handbook AFML-T R-68-115 was compiler.~. undP.' U:3AF
Contract No. F33615-6 7-G-1254 by the Mechani cal Properti es Dat.a Center, .~;.eifour
Stu len, Inc.

This Handbook is subject to periodic expansio n and revision . The editors would be
grateful for commen ts, suggestio ns or criticism s from th013e who utH'~:t;e the docu-
ment.

Correspo ndence of this nature should be addresse d to:

Mr. Joe Wolf, Handbook Coordina tor

Mechani cal Properti es Data. Center
Technica l Informat ion Syste~ms Divisi.on
Belfour Stulen , Inc.
Travers e City, Michigan 4'3684

The technica l documen tary report has been reviewed and is approved .

~1.1?,,_
Chief, Material s InfoKnft ion Branch
Material s Support Dlv;gion
AF Material s Labonf.t.;;ry

v
 ABSTRACT

<<
The "1970 Aerospa ce Structur al Metals Handbook", up-dated With the insertion of
~
Supplement-ll,---now contains physical , chemica l, and mechani cal property infor-
mation on 187 metals and alloys of interest for aerospac e structur al applicati ons. -.
The present Handbook AFML-T R-68-11 5 consists of three volumes as follows:
/

Volume I: Ferrous Alloys

Volume ll: Non-Fer rous, Light Metal Alloys

Volume nA: Non- Ferrous , Heat Resistan t Alloys

Each volume is self-con tained in a loose-le af, standard 3 post binder. Volume I
'( --
contains 67 ferrous alloy chapters , Volume -lrcontai ns'.Sf chapters on heat resist-
ant alloys. Also included are data source referenc es, a general discussi on of
properti es, a glcssary of terms, a discussi on of fracture toughnes s and a cross-
index of the alloys containe d herein.( ) J:iew and revised chapters of the annual
revision supplem ents are distribut ed on~.quarterly basis to assure currency of
content.

vi
,.
~
'-

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The informatio n assembled in this Handbook has been obtained primarily

from metal alloy producers ' printed and unprintedd ata sheets, Air Force
and other Governme nt agency technical reports and reports issued by
Informatio n Centers. In addition, data was acquired from profession al
society publicatio ns, aerospace companies , air-engine manufactu ers and
fabricator s of componen ts. The sources of data for each alloy are re-
ferenced at the end of each alloy chapter.

The editorial staff is indebted to the many persons who have contribute d
to the generation of the Handbook. Contributi ons to the present edition
', are acknowledged on the contributo rs' page. Acknowle dgmentis also made
. -'
to the many individual s and organizati ons that participate d in generating
the first edition of the Handbook entitled "Air Weapons Materials Appli-
cation Handbook -Metals and Alloys", (ARDC-TR-59-66), and its supple-
ment (AFSC Supplement I to ARDC-TR -59-66). Their names appear on
the contributo rs' page of the respective editions.
 .. .CONTENTS

COOPERATING ORGANIZATIONS iii

FOREWORD v
ABStRACT vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii
CONTENTS ix
INTRODUCTION

GENERAL DISCUSSION OF ALLOYS AND THEIR PROPERTIES 3

0. INTRODUCTION
L GENERAL
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
a, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
4. FABRICATION

CODE DESIGNATION REVISED

MAGNESIUM ALLOYS, CAST (MoWT)

3401" Mg-&Al-3 Zn ............... ............... ............... ............... ......... AZ83A

ll:larQ
3402 Mg-9Al-O. 7Zn .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. AZ91 Mard!l
3403 Mg-9Al-2Zn ............... ............... ............... ............... .. , ..... AZ92A
Mar63
3404 Mg-3Re-2.5Zn-0 .8Zr ............... ............... ... , EZ33A
Dec71
3405 Mg-4.5Zn-O. 7Zr ............... ............... ............... ............... ... ZK51A
Mar63
3408 Mg-2.5Ag-2.0IX -0.4Zr ............... ............... ............... ............ QE22A
Dec 63
,3407 Mg-l.&Tb-5. 7Zn-O. 75Zr ............... ............... ............... ........... ZH62A Dec 69
3408 Mg-3.2Tb-2.1Zn -0.7Zr ............... ............... ,,. ................ .......... HZ32A Dec 89
34011 Mg-6Zn-0.8Zr ................ ................ ............. .. ZK61A Sept 70

;.
,\' ir
i I

~ l

0 UTI .BeUnu- Stulea, IDe. iv

 A!IOSPACE STRIJC'II/lW. METALS IL\!Q)IIOOJt
REVISED DECEMBER 1971

I ,
.
"-._ ./

DESIGNATION REVISED
CODE

.~. '

MAGNESIUM ALLOYS, WROUGHT, HEAT TREATABLE (MgWT)

Mar63
3501 :Mg-8.5Al-0.5Zn ,,, ,,,,, ., ,,, ,,,, AZBOA
:Mg-3IX-o. 5 Zr,, , , , , , , , , , , , , EK31XA Mar88
3502
HK31A Dec 71
3503 :Mg-3'lb-0.7Zr ""'" "'"""''"""'' "'""'""'"'"" HMZlA Mar68
3504 :Mg-2'11>-0. 8MII ............. , .... , ........... , ...... ......... , ., .............
Sept 71
3505 :Mg-3'lb-1.5MII, ............... ............... ............... ............... .... HM31A
Mg-5.5Zil-0.5Z r ............... ............... .......... ; ................ ........ ZK60 Mar63
3508
Mg-14ll-1Al ............... , .... , ............... ... , , , ,,, ........... ,, ... LA141A Mar67
3507
Dec 69
3508 Mg-9Ll-1Al ............... ............... ............... ............... ........ LA991
Mg-lOAl-O.lMII , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , AM100A Jim 70
3509

MAGNESIUM ALLOYS, WROUGHT, NOT HEAT TREATABLE (MgWN)

Jun 71
3601 :Mg-3Al-1ZII ............... ............... ............... ............... ...... ,.AZ31B
Mg-1Zn-0.2Re ............... ............ , ...... , , ................ .. , .. , .... , ZElDA Mar83
3602
Mg-8111-1211 ............. , ............... ........ , .. , ................ ......... , AZ61A Mar85
l161!3

Tl:rANIUM ALLOYS (TI)

3701 n ............... ............... ............... ...... ~ .......... Tl, OommercWly Pure Mar83
3703 Tl41113Mo-l v ............... ............... ............... ............... ..... .. Mar68
Tl5All.5F e-1Mo....... ................. ................. ................. ....... Mar83
3704
'n511lZ..75Cr-1 .25Fe , ......... ,, ...... , ............... ............... ...... , Mar83
3705
TlSAlZ.SSn............... ............... ............... ............... ........ , Mar65
3706
Tl6Al-4V............... ............... ............... ............... .......... .. Mar65
3707
1'17Al-4J4o ............... ............... ............. ' ................ ......... . Mar67
3708
3701 TlBAl-llolo-1 V.............. , ............... ............... ............... .... , Mar66
Tl8Al20>-1Ta ............... ............... ............... ............... ..... . Mar63
3710
Tlll&t-5Zr-2.5 Al1Mo ............... ............... ............... ............Tl-879 Jim 69
3711
TlBMA ............... ............... ............... ............... ............. . Mar63
3712
Tll:lV-11Cr-3A l ............... ............... ............... ...... B 120 VCA TlAlloy Mar66
3113
Tl-8Al-6V..2Sn ............... ............... ............... ............... ...... . Mar88
3715
Tl-5Al-5SD.-5Zr ............... ............... ........... ~ ................ ....... .. Dec 83
3?111
Dec 63
3117 Tl7Al-12Zr ............... ............... ............... ............... ........ ..
Tl-6Al2Sn4Zr- 2Mo ................ ................ ................ . , ............ . Mar68
3718
3719 T1-1AlBV5Fe ............... ............... ...... , ....... ,,, .... , ........ ,, .... . Mar88
Tl6Al-20>-1Ta 0.8Mo ............... .......... ; ............... ............... .. :. Jim 69
3720
Dec 70
,, 3731 'nBMo-8V2Fe- 3Al ......... , ............... . , ................ ......Tl8Mo-8V2Fe- 3Al
:

i TITANIUM ALLOYS, CAST (TIC)

,,I
'< ~1 '1'1-SAI-V ................ .... , ... , ............... ............... ..... Tl-8Al4V, CUt
Mar TO

APPENDICES
ABBREVIATIONS A
GLOSSARY OF HEATING AND HEAT TREATING TERMS 8
FRACTURE TOUGHNESS c
CROSS INDEX OF ALLOYS D
 (.....__ ....'

INTRODUCTION

The Aerospa ce Structur al Metals Handbook is published in three volumes . Volume

I tiUed "Ferrous Alloys", Volume II titled "Non-Fe rrous, Light Metal Alloys" ,
and Volume IIA titled "Non- Ferrous, Heat Resistan t Alloys" are all constitut od
with a series of chapters each dealing with a specific metal or alloy. A unique
code number is assigned to each metal or alloy so that a group of identical (or
significa ntly similar) commerc ially designat ed alloys can be referred to by one
code number. The format is the same for all chapters . In addition ~o the acknowl-
edgment, foreword , table of contents, and introduc tory pages the Handbook con-
tains the following :

General Discussi on of Alloys and Their Properti es

Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abbrevia tions
Appendix B . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heat Treat Terms
Appendix C . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fracture Toughne ss
Appendix D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cross Index of Alloys

r,'' The Handbook was formerly produced by Syracuse Univeris ity and is now pre-
pared and updated by the Mechanic al Properti es Data Center. The Data Center,
operated by Belfour Stulen, Inc. , Traverse City, Michigan for the United States
Departm ent of Defense is one of several Informat ion Centers under contract with
the Air Force Material s Laborato ry, Wright- Patterso nAir Force Base, Dayton,
Ohio 45433. Chapter revisions and additions are now released quarterl y in an
annual suppleme nt form by the Mechani cal Properti es Data Center. Single chapter
copies are distribut ed exclusive ly by Material s Engineer ing, Reinhold Publishin g
Corporat ion. Holders of Handbooks may determin e the revision status of their
volumes by compari ng them with the latest tables of contents .

The Handbook, as published in three volumes , is intended to present a compilat ion

of data and informat ion on metals and alloys that are of interest to the Aerospa ce
Industrie s. It is not intended that it be used as a specifica tion documen t. Each
chapter is devoted to an alloy and is revised as informat ion becomes available .

1~..
 Chap ters are the resu lt of coop erati ve effo rts
betw een the Mec hani cal Prop ertie s
Data Cent er, tech nica l cons ultan ts, othe r infor
mati on cent ers, and a num ber of
indiv idua ls from alloy prod ucer s, user s, labo
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Mr. Will iam F. Brow n, Jr. of NASA Lew is Labo
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to this effo rt in the capa city of auth or and Chie
f Tech nica l Cons ultan t and is sup-
port ed by cont ribut ing auth ors W.W. Dyrk acz,
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non, Jr., Dr. R. P. Wei,
a:nd staff infor mati on spec ialis ts of MPD C. The
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refe renc e list. Othe r infor mati on
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er to spec ific ques tions .

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 Chap ters are the reP-ult of coop erati ve effo rts betw
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mati on cent ers, and a num ber of
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Mr. Will iam F. Brown, Jr. of NASA Lew is Labo
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L. Shannon, Jr., Dr. R. P. Wei,
and staff "info rmat ion specJ.=llistl?, of MPDC. The
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tion are give n at the end :jf each chap ter in the
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2

GENERAL DISCUSSION OF ALLOYS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
0. JNrRODUCTION
The purpose of this section Is to lntrcxluce to the reader
the systems used In the classification and Identification of
the alloys listed herein and the organization or data on
these nil oys as presented fn this Handbook. The penlnent
facts regarding reliability and significance of these data as
well as the definitions for cenaln terms and processes are
also included In this discussion.
etc. are not given unless their add.itlon is panicularly
designed to yield special mechanical prooertles.
0.021 In addition to the above system of Identification the common
ly used systems such as AISI and the most widely used
trade name are Indicated on each page. Additional deslg
nations and trade names are listed in the data sheets ucxler
Commercial Designadons (Section 1. 01) and Alternate
Designations (Section 1. 02).
0.022 To further facilitate the location of a panlcular alloy a
cross-Index is given as Appendix D which provides a
cross reference of major designations and trade names.

0.01 Alloy Classification 0.03 Data Organization

The alloys arc listed In the Handbook according to specific The data for each alloy are presentr.d according to a
afloy groups, and each group Is assigned an alloy ccxle definite alloy property ccxle system designed for the pur-
series. For example, In Volume I (Ferrous Alloys), the pose of thi& Handbook. A topical outline of the property
first alloy group listed in the Table of Contents is Carbon code Is given below:
and Low Alloy Steels (FeC), alloy ccxlc series 1100. Within
each group Individual aaloys nrc asstgned an alloy coae
number stanlng with the first number of the series. Thus,
"Conen, the first low alloy steel listed Is assls;ned alloy l. GENERAL
ccxle number 1101, "NAX AC 9115" is assigned alloy ccxle l. 01 Commercial Designation
1102, etc. The ccxle number appears at the honom of each l. 02 Alternate Designations
page of every alloy chapter along with the page number. l. 03 Specifications
Alloy chapters are lnsenc-d Into the handbook binder In 1. 04 Composition
numerical sequence (according to alloy ccxle number) thus l. 05 Hr:at Treatment
providing a rapid means of locating a desired alloy. An 1. 06 Hardness (Formerly Hardenabllity)
outline of the alloy ccxle series sequence Is given below. l. 07 Forms and Conditions Available
l. 08 Melting and Casting Practice
l. 09 Special Considerations
FERROUS ALLOYS
"Category 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Gxle Series
- 'li(io- 2.01 Thermal Properties
C"rhon and Low Alloy Steels (F.,C) 2. 011 Melting range
Ultra High Strength Steels (FeU!!) 12110
2.012 Phase chaugcs
Austenitic Stalnies.; Steels (FcA) 1300
2. 0121 Tlml!temperatu re-transformatio n
Martcnsitic Stair.icss Steels (FeM) 1400
diagrams
Age HardenL1); Sr ~cis (FeAH) 1500
1110[) 2.013 Thermal conductivity
Nickel Chromium Steels (FcNC) Them1ai expansion
2.014
Future Expnn.;ion (Ferrous Alloys) 1700 In .1CKIO
2. 015 Specific heat
2. 016 Therma I diffuslvlty
NON-FERHOUS ALLOYS 2.02 Other Physical Propenies
,.
,
2.021 Density
Aluminum Alloys (AIC) 3100
2. 022 Electrical propenles
Aluminum Alloys (AIWT) 3200
2.023 Magnetic propcnies
Aluminum Alloys (AIWN) 3300
2. 024 Emissivity
Magnesium Alloys (MgC) 3400
2.025 Damping capacity
Magnesium Alloy~ (MgWT) :!51 XI
2.03 Chern lc6l Properties
Magnesium Alloys (MgWII.? :lh(]{l
:17110 2.04 Nuclear Properties
Titanium Allo'ls (Ti)
Future Ex pan; ion (Low Density Alloys) .1HOII IO 41KHI
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Nickel llnse Alloys (<5~{. Cn)(Nl) 4100
4200 3. 01 Specified Mechanical Propenies
Nickel Base J\lloys (:-s,; Co)(NlCo)
4.1(]{1 3.02 Mechanical Propcnies at Room Tem-
Coh.1lt ll.1sc J\lloys (Co)
Future Expansion (NI, Co, Cr Alloys) 4400 IO 51)00 P!.~
5100 3.021 Tension
llerylllum Alloys (lle)
5200
3,0211 Stress strain diagrams
Columhlum (Niobium) Alloys (Ch)
5300 3.022 Compression
Molybdenum Alloys (Mo)
5400
3. 0221 Stress strain diagrams
Tnntnlum Alloys (Tn)
~500
3.023 Impact
Tungsten. Alloys (W)
3.024 Bending
Vanadium Alloys (V) 5600
5700
3.025 Torsion and shear
Zirconium Alloys (Zr)
3.026 Bearing
3.027 Stress concentration
0.02 Alloy Identification
3.0271 Notch propenles
Alloys nrc identified primarily by chemical composition,
3.0272 Fracture touglmess (See Appendix C)
nod each particular alloy is designated hy its major clement
3. 028 Combined propenles
followed by the minor clemems in decreasing order of
3.03 Mechanical Propenies at Various Tem-
perccnrng-c hy weight. When two or more clements arc
peratures
present in equal quantity they are 1isted alphahctlcnlly.
3. 031 Tension
lmpurltlcs nrc neglected. Minor elementr. an given only
3.0311 Stress strain diagrams
when Intentionally introduced and when their pcrccntnge is
3.032 Compression
not definitely estnhilshed they appear nt the end ol the
3.0321 Stress strain diagrams
designation without n per.cntnge figure. When this system
is applied to steels certa.n ptohlems arise. Where carbon
has a paramount Influence on h: mechanlcnl properties it The property ccxle data classiflcation system described above has
Is liste-d immediately after Iron. Otherwise, ferritic recently been revised. It is planned that all alloy chapters will
steels are designate-d as low carbon (Low C), medium eventu.1lly be arranged In accordance with this system. However, a
carbon (Med C) and high carbon (High C) grades. Minor number of alloy chapters In this volume do not as yet conform to the
clements in stccl.o; such as silicon, numgnncsc, sulfur, above property code system except with respect to the major headings.

'{.;to

3
 3.033 Impact forms or those of different agencies.
3.034 Deming 1.042 Certain elements normally listed In specifications may
3.035
3.036
Torsion and shear Include other elements which have a similar effect on the
properties but which are difficult to Isolate. Outstanding
\....
Bearing
3.037 Stress concentration examples are nickel, which usually Includes cobalt, and
3. 0371 Notch properties columbium (niobium) which usually Includes tantalum. The
3.0372 Fracture toughness (See Appendix C) practice or separately reporting such elements Is not yet
3.038 Combined properties In general usc and Is not employed In thlo handbook.
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
3.05 Fatigue Properties 1.05 Heat Treatment
a. or. Elastic Properties The general meaning of this term as It Is used In this hand-
3.U~i Poisson's ratio book includes both hardening and softening treatments.
3.062 Modulus of elasticity 1.051 A given heat treatinent may be deslgnated In several ways.
3.063 Modulus of rigidity In some cases the designation refers to the process aod In
others to the result produced by the process. Since a
4. FABRICATION clear understanding of heat treating terms Is Important,
4.01 Formability a Glossary of Heating and Heat Treating Terms Is given In
4.02 ~achlnlng and Grinding Appendix B.
4.03 Welding
4.04 Heat Treatn1cnt 1.06 Hardness
4.05 Surface Treat.;ent. The term hardness Is used here as a m casure of the ability
of an alloy to resist Indentation or permanent deformation.
In general, hardness Is related to alloy strength character-
istics and, therefore, a scale of hardness can be utilized to
describe an alloy's response to strengthening by heat treat-
i. GENERAL ment and/or cold work. Data on the effect of any given
A brief description of the alloy as well os various lnformu- parameter on hardness Is given In tl:lo section.
tlon of g~neral interest is rcpon~'CI uadcr this h~adlng. LOot The depth to which an alloy wlll harden under definite cool-
Ing conditions Is considered to be as Important as the actual
1.01 Commercial Designation hardness value. The property that determines the depth and
1.011 The preferred commerc-ial d'signatlon f1>r un "iloy may distribution of hardness Is called "hardenablllty ." Hlgh
come from one of many different sourc''" :>nd tlwy m.1y hc hardcnablllty Indicates hardening through the section.
altered from lime to time. Gcntr;JIIy, the most pertinent Although this term Is normally applied to quenched ferrltlc
nome is given. Whcr<..-vcr possible, this nun1c b the some steels, It appears well suited Cor general usage. For
as used in other refcrence puhlicutlnn' sudt "''the Aero- measuring the hardcnabillty of heat treated ferrltic steels
space Material Specifications (AMS). In the case of some two methods arc generally used. Hardcnablllty curves
proprietary alloys, an abbreviation of tho actual name relate to the hardness distribution along the axis of a
Is In common usage. cylinder which has been water quenched on one end face only,
1.012 It should lc nott"(f that thl ld;,:ul Hying r~:uw:s tl~('d uwy ht. (e.g. Jomlny end-quench test for steels). More complete
trndcmurk n:.mu:~ ..vlth ull ri~lll~ th(.rdu n.:lnim:d hy the Information Is obtained by quenching cylinders of various
appropriate compuny. In this c.J,.;c, lht rwmL: .. llavt hc..1:n diameters and.determlnln g the resulting hardness variation
used for cross r~fercncc und Identifying purpo~w; only. across their diameters.
The n~udcr should be govurnc..oc.l hy tn.n.lcmouk ruh.~ in hhi 1.062 The more common method of hardening alloys is by heat
usage of such namcs, and "houl<l conract rhe "pprnrriote treatment, although cold work or combinations or cold work
company owning the trademark If then ht: nuy qu"srlon and hcat treatment are also employed.
concerning their use. 1.063 The response of different alloys to hardening by heat
treatment and/or cold work Is dependent upon a number of
1.02 Alternate Deslgnutlons factors such as chemical composition, thermal treatments.
1.021 The alternate designations tnduc.lt proprietary nnmcs und cooling rates (and time delays), mi.;:rostructure , simul-
orhcr rrcqu':!ntly encountered numt~!-0. Since 11 Is impossi- taneous transformation s 'lr aging and others.
ble to list oil designations, only rh"''" .vhlch aru fnqucntly
encountered ln 1ttcraturc and various npurr s a ru usLod. 1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
i.022 A complete cross Index or all ulloy nantes us<d Is presented Only very condensed Information lo given regarding the
in Appendix D. availability or an alloy In Its various forms. section sizes
and conditions. Complete availability information may be
1.03 Specifications obtained from the Producer or Supplier.
1.031 The basic specifications used In this handbook arc the
Aeronautical Material Specifications (AMS) of the Society 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
of Automotive Engineers since these arc the most complete Brief statements regarding the melting and casting practices
in regard to new alloys. In addition, Military Specifica- normally employed for the alloy arc Included here. Further
tions and, occasionally, Federal Specifications nrc Included. Information may be obtained from the Producer or Sl]lpller.
It is not possible here to refer to all the numero~s specl- 1.081 Melting. Melting techniques used by the producers of the
flcatlons in existence. alloy arc given, when available, to call attention to the
1.032 Producers also frequently supply limited lists of specifi- effect of melting procedures on !lhyslcal or mechanical
cations on request and these are reported In certain properties.
Instances. 1.082 Casting. Casting tecnolques and castabillty ratings for
1.033 A cross Index of Al\IS Specifications Included is available cast alloys are discussed where they appear ta be of
In Appendix D. Interest for the selection of an alloy. U available, pertinent
miscellaneous Information Is added,
1.04 Composition
The chemical compositions reported are primarily those Special Considerations
given In AMS, nnJ arc c':'m~lemented by those specified by This section of eac.\ alloy chapter lm:ludes a few remarkll
the producers and other sources whenever It appeared regarding partlculru prr.Jblems ew.:ountered which require
necessary. special consideration,
1.041 The ollowab le variations In chemical composition of an
alloy are one of the major stipulations of a specification. 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
However, for any given alloy, the chemistry may diller
slightly In different specifications and considerable over- In reporting physical properties ol metals and alloys the
lapping may occur either In spec1flcatlons for different common Brltloh units are generally used by the Armed

4
.,,
fi,
Porces au:! industry In this cOUDiry lUI{' this system is
I\
i' followed here. Where several such units exist. those
~-- standardizP.d by the American Society of Mechanical
Engineers have been preferred. au:! their abbreviations
have been u8ed. A Symbols au:! Technical Abbreviations
list is given In Appeo:!lx A. Unfortunately, most teports
of physical properties do not give the form au:! coo:!ition
of the material. This may explain part of the dlf(erences
between the published values for certain properties.
When values of physical properties are given without
mentioning the test temperature, the values apply to room
temperature. In some cases the determination of this
property requires measurements at two or more tempera-
tures (e. g. thermal expansion). These temperatures,
unless otherwise lo:!icated, are room temperature au:!
212 P, or In the raDge from room temperature to 212 P.
Usually, the difference In values for any one temperature
In this raDge is less than the uncertainty of the value
ltscU.
2.01 Thermal Properties
Thermal properties of metals Include the melt!Dg raDge.
phase chauges, thermal coo:!uctivlty. thermal expansion,
specific heat, au:! where avallable, dlffuslvlty au:! dimen-
sional cbauges on heat treat!Dg.
2.011 Melt!Dg rauge of many alloys Is not well known au:! the
values given are generally only approximate. The upper
value as a rule relates to full melt!Dg (liquidus) au:! the
lower value to the beginning of melt!Dg (solidus). The
actual beglnn!Dg of melt!Dg may be Important, as It deter
mines the maximum temperature to which the alloy may
be heated without damage. However, It Is frequently not
well known because of the great Influence of small chaDgeS
In composition.
2.012 Fl!ase changes occur In nearly all commercial alloys.
The phase chaDge reported uo:!er this bead!Dg Is transfor-
mation of the matrix, I. e. of the major phase of the alloy,
from one crystal structure Into another. The most common
au:! significant transformation Is that of all ferrltlc steels
au:! also of many so called austenitic steels, from the high
temperature phase, austenite, to the low temperature
phase. The critical temperatures for the beginning and the
end or the phase change are designated respectively as A
3
a P.l" Because the reaction is sluggish these tempera-
tures may differ on heat!Dg and cooling. Ar3 and Ar1
refer to transformations during cooling and Ac1 and Ac3
refer to transformations during heating. On fast cooling
the reaction also may be suppressed and martensltic fer-
rite may form at relatively low temperatures, between
M and Mr Also, In stainless steels. martensite may
nci form during cooling, but may result from plastic
deformation. Similar transformations occur In other
alloys, particularly that from the alpha to the beta phase
In titanium alloys.
2.0121 Isothermal transformation diagrams (also called time-
temperature-transformation diagrams, T-T-T diagrams,
or S curves) enable the user to estimate how an alloy
wlll respond to cooling from the austenite (or solution
treat) temperature range. Where available these diagrams
are Included In this handbook.
2.013 Thermal conductivity values are reported In the literature
In a variety of units. The following units are used here,
Btu ft per (ltr sq ft F).
2.014 Thermal expansion Is usually reported for the temperature
range which excludes dimensional chaDges associated with
matrix transformations. It Is also reported In a variety
of ways, and the system selected here Is that used most
frequently. The mean coefficient of linear expansion Is
given for the range from room temperature to another
temperature, and plotted as a function of this latter temper-
ature. To obtain the tOtal expansion from room to a par
ticular temperature the value at this temperature Is mul-
tiplied by the difference between the temperature In ques-
tion and room temperature. This procedure an-wers
automatically the frequently raised question of how the
curve Is used at temperatures below room temperature.
The value of expansion In the curves Is always positive.
but the temperature difference Is then negative, and.
hence, the tOtal expansion becomes, correctly, negative.
2.015 Specific beat.. The English units used In this document are
Btu per (lb F).
2.016 Thermal dlffuslvity is defined as thermal cODductivlty
divided by density and heat capacity, where beat capacity
Is usually taken as the value of specific heat at constant
pressure. The units employed here for thermal dlffuslvity
are ft2/br.
2.02 Other Physical Properties
Under this head!Dg all properties are assembled except
thermal, chemical, nuclear au:! mechanical.
2.021 Density Is given, as the only exception, In both British
units au:! In metric units. since both are widely used.
2.022 Electrical resistivity Is another property reported In a
large variety of units. The unit used here Ia microhm-ln.
2.02~ Magnetic properties. Only limited lnfonnatlon on the'
magnetic properties of the various forms au:! ctmdltlons,
Is presented here.
2.024 Fmlssivity. The term emissivity is reserved for tile case
of an opaque material hav!Dg an optically smooth BUrfnce,
and Is defined as the linlltlng ,value of the eml.ttance of tile
body as the surface Is made more au:! more optically Amooth.
Thus, for an opaque body the emissivity Is tile lowest llmll
of l!mittance. (5).
2.0241 Emittance Is defined as the ratio of the rate of rudiant
emission from a body, as a consequence of Its temperature
only, to the correspond!Dg rate of emission from a black
body at the same temperature. This ratio cannot exceul
1.0.
2.0242 Radiancy Is defined as the rate of radiant ener!lV en1lnslon
from a unit area of a source In all the radial directions
of r.:r overspread!Dg hemisphere. Some authors report
radiaucy data as emissivity data.
2.0243 Th< majodty of data presented herein are obtained from
var lous types of emittance measurements and are reported
as hemispherical, tOtal, normal or spectral emittance as
a I unction of temperature. For further Information on
thts subject, se., Ref. 5.
2.025 lhmp!Dg capacf<:~1 Is defined as the amount of Internal
f.-lction and din~~patlon of energy per unit volume of
material for one cyc!e of -!tress. lt can be determined by
cyclic be.':Xllng m ,<lternarlng torsion and Is normally
reported In unitll t.f lm:hlb per cubic Inch per cycle. The
area of the stress strain hysteresis loop Is a measure of
damp!Dg capacity, (6).
Chemical Propertl!;!!
2.03
This sectlM Includes a seneral discussion of the resiatance
cf an alloy to varlo~s types of environments, except those
cncounterc<l In nuch:at ~....actors. The chemical prOI'Crties
most frequeetly lnv.~stlgated and reported are corrosion
resistance- am oxidl:tlon resistance.
Corrosion reslstanc.o~. n.~ lliscusslon of corrosion re-
2.031
alstancc In this HaOO!l'JOlc Is l'Y necessity very short and
primarily concern!!G '.Y!th phenomena ad\~rse to struC-
tural oppllcatlons. f. mong !h~se are: (a) the general
corrosion reslstanc;; In ceitll;., liquid medln at low ao.i
elevated temperatures; (b) """''Ia! types of corrosion,
such galvanic aDC! lntergranular corrosion; (c) the
deterioration and result!Dg brlnle behavior induced by
stresses In corrm~l.v-t environments, called variously
stress C<lrroslon. stress corrosion craclclng au:! stress
craclclng. dependlua on the resulting effect rather than 011
any real physle&l difler.-.nc:e; and, (d) hydrogen cmbrlttle-
ment of steels au:! titAnium alloys.
2.032 Or.idatlon resistance. The term oxidation resistance Is
used here not only for'the e!Iect of oxldl:r.lng atmosphere,
but also of any other ldnd of gaseous envlrooment at
comparatively high temperatures au:! particularly at
service temperatures.
2.04 Nuclear Properties
This general term Is used aa a heu!lng fer sny property or
property chauge which is slgnif~:ant. for the use of the
particular alloy In nuclear reactor' coostructlon. These
Include: (a) the nuclear cross section. (b) variOU8 effects
o! Irradiation, (c) corroaloo phenomena In reactors, au:!
(d) the Piillcation of grades having dltferent dlcmlstry,
etc.
 GENERAL DISGU~SIUN Ul" ALLUTS ANU I NI:.IK t-'KUt-'t:.K III:.S
3, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
The properties presented in this chapter include all
mechanical properties. including elastic constants and
tangent and secant moduli. The chapter is subdivided into
6 sections,
All strength quantities are given in ks!, I. c. thousand
pounds per square inch. This is already established
practice in design, except for elastic properties. Mcst
of the data reponed apply to the various forms commer-
cially available and to standardized processing conditions.
No attempt has been made to describe the results of ex-
perimental processes and heat treatments. However,
because preference is given to alloys of current interest
and to their elevated temperature performance, many
current heat treatments may undergo changes in the near
future. in addition, the necessity for forming and welding
many structural parts has led to special processing con
dltlons and these will probably increase in the future.
Problems o! this nature are also discussed to some extent
under FABRICATION (See Section 4).
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
3.0ll Although this document Is primarily a sour<:e of information
and not a design handbook, an attempt has been made to
include specilled properties from certain sources. These
sources nrc the AMS, the producers' data sheets and
occasionally consumers' specifications. In addition,
many specific'<l properties will be subject to future changes,
particularly in regard to the effect of testing tempcratun:.
Although some specifications involve other than room tem-
perature properties, room temperature mechanical
propt!rties arc the core of acceptance spccificul ions.
These arc of two types, (a) minimum and, occnsionnil)',
maximum values fer design purposes, and (b) limiting
values for f.;rming purposes. It is beyond the scor-e, f
this handbook to dcscrihc the lest mclhtxls u:-;(11 ro th:tcr-
mlnc thl'St' properties. Mcch~mical prnpl'rtics nl clt'\'al<.."tJ
tempcrnturc:h arc specified in a numiH.r or instance:-. and
are given in this SL'Clion. AMS, In p;ortkular, frequently
specifics a special creep rupture test fHr smooth and
notd1<..'<1 specimens. Smooth specimens nr< s .. mctimc:-;
4
rcquin'<l to withstand a spc:cifk'<l stress and temperature
for a minimum time. If rupture docs not occur within
this time tlw test is continuL'<I until ruptun: occurs cttlwr
maintaining the sarnc stress or incn..a:-oing I he.. o.;trj..ss.
In either case the specimen must cxhihil n "iJll.'1,;iflc...'ll mini ..
mum elongation at rupture. In ..::crtaln cases a combination
notch and smooth specimen is usc..'if lmv ing c:qual notdlL'd
and smooth areas. Such specimen:-; an: nquirL'll to wilh-
stnnd n specified stress and tcmpcrutun. fnr :1 minimum
time. If rupture docs not occur within this tiont the test
is continuc.-d either maintaining the same st rcss or increas-
ing the stress, according to a speci!k'<l schL'<Iulc. Hupturc
Is rcqulr'--d ro occur in the smooth .~etlan and minimum
values of rupture elongation arc specified.
3.012 llcndins:: properties sometimes specified hy AMS ore
onoittL'<I In t.l>is document. The procedure now ~cnerally
cstnbl !shed Is different from that used by the AMS and the
resulting values cannot be converted (sec 4. Oil olso).
3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
These properties are most significant for certain classes
of alloys, used primarily within a temperature range
where they arc structurally stable and not susceptible to
creep. in such Instances, most of the data on typlcnl mcch
anicnl properties will he found In this section, with the
exception of those for fatigue strength and clastic properties
which ore discussed separately. For alloys ust'<l prt'<lom-
lnantly at elevated tcmpcrntures'the room temperature
value of any specific property is ..only one of a series of
vJiucs at different tempet'atures. 1locreforc, for these
alloys Information on typical room tcnopcrnture properties
1!1 included In the data for various temperatures, sec 3. 03.
The room temperature data nrc typical values. They nrc
presumably representative of material In present commer-
cial production. TI1erc exists no yardtirk to completely
evaluate the reliability of reported typical values. How-
6
ever, several criteria are useful in this respect, namely
(a) comparison of similar data from different sources,
(b) the extent of scattering, (c) the volume of darn, and
(d) (in the case of very limited data) a comparison with
some other property, such as that of compressive to
tensile yield strength. in this instance, the expectation
is that compressive yield strength is equal to or slightly
higher than tensile yield strength. However, reported
values of compressive yield strength may In some cases
be too high becnuse of friction at the anvil surfaces.
Primary interest in room temperature data relates to a
number of variables. These variables are the following:
(a) Effects of fabricating and bervice conditions.
These include exposure to elevated temperature with
and without load and plastic deformations inserted
between various steps of heat treating.
(h) Effects of testing variables. Particularly signifi-
cant are the effects of the size of the material from
which the specimens were taken, the dimensions of
these specimens, and whether these specimens were
taken before or after the f!n:ol heat treatment.
The need for dcflnin:.; tl1'' material condition and the testing
conditions is fully rec!lj(ryized in this document. However,
discretion Is ncccssar,o tn reporting these, partly because
of space limitations and partly because of the confusion
which may be caused by reporting details of little or no
significance when considering the end product. Unfor-
tunately, In the majority of instances, even some of the
pertinent processing and testing data are not completely
available.
Specimen types and test methods are omitted if they arc
conventional. The respective American Society for
Testing Material specifications should be consulted in this
cnsc.
11JC following static room temperature mechanical proper-
tics arc presented in tabular or graphical form, and In
most cases are given as functions of the major parameters
that influence the particular property, (e.g. carbon content
in stc:cis, heat treat conditions, etc.).
3. 021 Tension. Tensile ultimate strength, tensile yield strength
and ductility (elongation and reduction of area) ns measured
in a conventional tensile test. Yield strength test datn
(Ft ) arc hasL'<I on the 0, 2 percent offset method unless
othbrwisc indicated.
3.0211 Stress strain diagrams. Curves of tensile stress versus
tensile strain.
3. 022 C<>mpression. Compressive yield strength as measured
by conventional techniques.
3. 0221 Stress strain diagrams. Curves of compr~sslvc stress
versus compressive strain.
:1.023 lmp;oct. Impact cner!.'Y values as measun'l:l by the Chnrpy
(notch or keyhole), lzod, tension impact or drop weight
(NOT) test.
3. 024 llcndlng. Maximum hero strength In outer fiber as mea-
sured In pure bending, concentrated load bending or
cont!icvcr hcndins::.
3. 025 Torsion ana stoear. Well dcfinL'<I stnndords have not !x,cn
estahlishL'<I. Included here nrc torque-twist tests, tear-
tests, etc.
3. 026 llcaril'g. nearing strength is defined os the maximum
bearing load at failure divided by the effective bearing
area. In a pinned or riveted joint, the effective art?a is
the product of the hole diameter and tloe thickness of the
hearing member, (sec Metals Handbook, Vol. I, 8tl1
Edition, page 4). Specimen geometry must be consUcrl'<l
In evaluating bearing test results. Tioc Important dimen-
sions of the test specimen, hole diameter (D) and the
distance from the center of t11c hole to the end of the
specimen (e) arc usually expressed hy the ratio, c/ll.
3. 027 Stress concentration. The behavior of materials In the
presence of stress concentration (localized stress vulucs
greater than the nominal stress) Is of concern to the
design engineer, particularly if tl1e usc of high stre~oth
alloys Is being considered for c~ltical service applications.
The information required Is usually obtnlned from tests
designed to measure the loss In load carrying capacity of
a material within a certain area of test conditions. A
large :.oarlcty of types of tests have been used for this
 purpose. However, ~te majority fall into one of two
categories; notch tests or fracture toughness tests.
3.0271 Notch prCJjlerties. These Include the results of test on
round and flat specimens contain'ing notches of various
dimensions. The specimen geometry, elastic stress
concentration factor (Kt) and material condition are
generally included with the data presented since these
factors are known to influence notch strength. Notch
tests are recognized as being particularly Important for
the evaluation of material embrlttlement as may be caused
by such factors as heat treatment, low temperatures, cold
work, etc.
3.0272 Recently the need for a reliable and reproducible
measurement of a materials" resistance to the catastrophic
propagation of sharp cracks under stress became apparent.
This characteristic can be suitably expressed In terms of
fracture toughness, i.e. the stress Intensity factor K at
the onset of rapid crack growth. Often the critical energy
release rate ....6' has been used In the literature for the same
purpose. However, for the ~alee of uniformity and since
,4' and K are related by K =E.J: .the term fracture tough-
ness as used in this handboolc alwacys refers to K values.
Sections 3. 0272 and 3. 0372 list such fracture toughness
data wherever available. A more detailed description of
the definition of K values, the equations for their determ-
Ination, the differentiation for plane stress and plane
strain conditions and the selection criteria used for the
data Included arc given In AppcJY.ilx C.
3.028 CombinL-d properties. This section Is reserved for data
obtained by test methnds Involving combined load
applications, (e. g. Internal pressure in a thin-walled tuhc
plus axial tension). Also Included here are datn on multi-
ple processes (e.g. tension test subsequent to prestraln
In compression).
.>.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
In this section only the so called short time properties arc
discussed. These are obtained by first raising or lowering
the temperature of the specimen to the desired level,
holding It at this temperature for a cenaln time, and then
testing in much the same manner a~ at room temperature.
Only deviations from standard mc.dtods arc lndl~ate<l. II
should he noted that yield strength test data ( Ft ) arc
hasc'CI on the o. 2 percent offset method "'::;oss orherwlsc
indicated.
3.031 Tension. The hulk of short time mechanical test data Is
ohtaincd hy means of h:nsion tests. In ~cncraiJ good
agreement is noted for datn from differcr11 snurccs up to a
certain temperature. However, for the highest tempera-
tures thi! values ohtnincd from convcntionnl short time
tests frequently vary widely. It appcars, that test condi-
tions arc generally not sufficiently controlled to yield
consistent results at temperatures cxcctadlng the U!iual
range of application. For high temperatures, therefore,
more closely controlled tension testing techniques arc find-
Ing Increasing application. These arc Indicated In the
respective graphs where available.
3. 0311 Stress strain diagrams, sec 3. 0211.
3.032 Compression, sec 3. 022.
Stress strain diagrams, see 3.0221.
3. 0321
3.033 Impact, sec 3. 023.
3.034 Bending, sec 3. 024.
3.0~5 Torsion and shear, sec 3. 025.
3.u.lo Bearing, sec 3. 026.
3.037 Stress concentration, sec 3. 027.
3.0371 Notch properties, sec 3. 0271.
3.0372 Fracture toughness, sec 3. 0272.
3.038 Combined properties, sec 3. 028.
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
These properties are lncrr:nsing In Importance because
or the continuously increasing service temperatures which
aerospace systems must withstand. At such temperatures
alloys generally deform or creep slowly under load atKI
eventually rupture. As a rule, tests nrc performed with
temperature and load kept constant and the deformation
measured as a function of time. Frequently, only the
rupture time is observed. For evaluating materials regard-
Ing their resistance tn creep, various criteria arc used.
7
For some applications, the stress required to obtain a
certain total strain (composed of the sum of elastic and
plastic strains) at a particular temperature and time Is
used. For other applications, only the plastic strain or
"creep" is considered. The strains of interest range
primarily from 0. 2 to 1 percent.
3.041 Creep rupture strength (also called stress rupture strength)
Is simply the applied stress value which causes rupture,
said stress being a function of the rupture time and tern-
perature. The slgnlflcanc:e of creep rupture strength Is
frequently minimized, but a continuous and voluminous
stream of such data Is being demanded and supplied tor
alloys which serve at elevated temperatures. Although
elongation and reduction of area In creep rupture tests
are significant for service performance, they are reported
only infrequently. These data, therefore, are not Included
In this document.
3.042 The creep rupture strength or notched specimens Is used
to reveal the presence and magnitude of embrlttlement
which occurs Itt many high temperature alloys within a
ccrtc In range of temperature and time. The life of turbine
disks and buckets In some cases appears to be related
more closely to the rupture time or notched specimens,
than to that of smooth ones. A number of Air Material
Speclflcatlons require such tests and the considerable
amount of Information available In this respect Is included
In this document.
3.043 The many variables considered for creep and creep rup-
ture have led to the usc of different methods of graphical
and tabular representation. in this Handbook, stress Is
used as the ordinate and time ns the abscissa, usually
with one other variable as parameter. The log-log rep-
resentation Is preferred over semi-log coordinates,
because it allows reading stresses at any level with equal
percentage of accuracy.
3.044 Creep and total strain data, however, ore best reported
In the form of Isochronous stress-strain curves. To
obtain such a curve, the total strain at a particular
time Is plotted as the abscissa with the stress necessary
to obtain this strain as the ordinate. Time Is tlten the
parameter. The creep Is obtained by deducting from the
total strain the clastic component. This procL'<Iure Is
somewhat lndcflnltc because of the uncertainty regarding
the modulus of elasticity, Indicated by the tangent at the
origin of the Isochronous curve.
3.045 A number of attempts have been mode to asscmbl(! Infor-
mation on creep, and particularly on creep rupture strength,
for a given alloy condition In a single master curve.
While It Is not yet established that the effects of temper-
ature and time can be thus substituted for each other,
master curves greatly QSS!st In the first selection of
materials and the plannlng"!lf>ltlqre,speciflc tests. Master
curves arc generally plotted on semi-log coordinates,
with the stress as the ordinate ar.d the so called "Parame-
ter, (1. c. a function of temperature and time), as the
abscissa.
3.0451 The most accurate master curves arc the Linear Parame-
ter Curves developed for many alloys by Manson, et al.
(1)(2). The abscissa for this system Is a function or the
following form:
where T Is the temperature, "F, t Is the time In hr, and
T 0 and log ta are constants depending on the material.
3.0452 Another parameter representation, that of Larson and
Mlllcr (3), Is also frequently used. It has the advantage
that It can he derived from a limited amount of experimen-
tation, t.ut the disadvantage or reduced accuracy. in this
system the abscissa Is usually:
(T + 460) (log t + 20)
However, In some Instances a dJtrcrent value than 20,
such as 25, may be substituted In this equation.
3.05 Fatigue Properties
These propenlcs depend not only on the metal condition,
form and test temperature, but also on a number of other
test variables. The most Important of these are: (a) the
 type of loading, (b) the limiting stress values, (c) the
nwnber of cycles to failure, and (d) the geometry or the
test specimen. in addition the frequency of C'Jcling
becomes an importnnt variable at elevated temperatures.
3.051 The basic types of tt:sts used are: (a) rotating beam,
where a circular specimen rotates under an applied sta-
tlonary bending moment, (b) reverse bending, in which the
specimen is ~:ubjected to alternating bending, (c) axial
load in which the alternating stresses are tension or
compresslcn, parallel to the sveclmen axis. These tests
are generally performed with the l-oad fluctut<tlng between
two definite limils until failure occurs (stretls controlled
fatigue). The nominal stresses at these limits are cal-
culated by conventional elastic methods ami are called the
ma:dmwn stress, F ax' and the minlmwn stress, Fmln'
in recent years, fat/gue tests performed hy cycling be-
tween two definite strain limits (strain controlk>d fatigue)
have gained considerable prominence, particularly in the
low cycle fatigue range. Such Information is of special
importnnce to the design of pressure vessels for nuclear
and other applicatloiJs. The terminology for strain cycling
Is analogous to that for stress cycling if the term ''strain''
Is substituted for "stress" in the equations (4).
3.0511 In order to define a series of fatigue tc"ts common prac-
tice uses stress ratio, R, which Is tlcscribL>d hy the fol-
lowing expression:
3. 0512 An alternative definition of the stress ratio is the function:
A= Fa1/F mf
where Fait= 1/2(Fmax- Fminl is the alternating stress
and Fmr = .1/ 2(F max +Fminl is the mean stress.
3.0513 Where only one stress ratio is involvL<i, It is common to
report this ratio and lhc fatigue strength In tahul:~r form
for various cycles to failure.
3.0514 Where series ofd~Jia invulvc more! th;nnnl' ~tn~s roJtil,
usc Is made preferably of a stress range diagtam. E~h.:h
curve in this diagram gives lhc ult::rnat ing ..:t nss .:Js .:1
function of the mean stress for a glvc:n nundJL~r of t:ydcs
to failure. The fatl!'(ue strength i" derived from this
r.urve by means of the relation:
F
max
= r mr + Fnit
3.052 At elevated temperatures, creep phennn<.na are super-
Imposed on fatigue. If the tempcl':tlun Is very hi~h
and the mean stress is also high, l:fl:l'Jl rupture ntthtr
than fatigue becomes the dominant fm.:ltll. lJndcr sw.:h
conditJons., the time to failure, rnthcr thnn the numhcrs of
cycles, Is frequently reported. in ..rtler to utilize data
of this type to Its full extent the frequency of the lo.1ding
should be reported. If stress rang:c diagrams arc used to
present such lnformction, creep data ontained during
the fatigue tests may also he inclutled. A number of stress
range dlaf:rams for elevated temperatures have hecn made
available to this handbook lly the Design Criteria Unit of
the General Electric Co. These arc based on rotating
beam tests for F f = 0 and <lirect stress t,.ts for F m(O
In order ro apply"tltls data to the servlc~ performance,
the values obtained from tlirect stress tests have heen
increased hy a factor of 1. IS.
3.053 Adtlltlonal significant variables are geometry of the speci-
men and its surface contlltion. The tP.st s reported common-
ly relate to two types of specimens, rne smoc.th specimen
with the surface carefully polished in tne tlirectlon para!-
lei to the axis, and the notched specimen. Notched spe-
cimens usually have a circular cross section provided
with a clrcumfcrentinl groove. The fatigue strength of
such specimens depends on the stress concentration
foetor, Kt for this notch.
3.06 Elastic Properties
Uoder this heading not only the classical clastic constants
but also the tangent modulus and scctlnt modulus are re
ported.
8
3.061 Values for Poisson's ratio, JL , are reponed only for room
temperature. The value may be measured or calcularcd
from Eand G. \.
3.062 The modulus of elasticity is the most Important clastic
constant. It may be determined either from static tests
or using vibration (dynamic) techniques. Static values
represent the slope of the stress strain curve at the origin.
They are difficult to determine at elevated temperatures
and are affected by variations In the testing techniques.
Dynamic moduli are generally more consistent than st'ltlc
values and may be considered to represent the true clas-
tic constants. in rhls Handbook static moduli are given
only if reasonably consistent.
The static compresslun modulus, Ec' Is theoretically
equal to the tensile value, E. However, particularly in
cold rolled materials residual stresses may cause con-
siderable differenceu between these two values.
3.063 The above discussed factors also apply to the modulus of
rigidity, G.
3.064 The tangent modulus is the slope of the stress strain
curve at each stress value considered. Reported values
arc subject to consklcrablc variations because of the
basic difficulty or determining nccurately the slope or any
curve. The tangent modulus may be reported either for
tension or compression. Preference has hecn given in
this report ro the compressive values which are signifi-
cant In rc!'(ard to buckling and crippling of structures.
3.065 Values of the secant modulus, I. e. of the slope of a line
from the origin to the stress value considered, are re-
ported only infrequently, hut are presented here if avail-
able.
4. FABRICATION
111e term "fahricntlon" Is used here comprehensively to
mean all of the processes which may normally be employed
In the manufacture c parts or components from materials
as supplied by commercial producers. The processes
inclutle formahility (forging, rolling, tlrawing, form in!'(,
etc.), material removal (machining, grinding, etc.),
joining (welding, brazing, etc.) and the corresponding
post-operational treatments that may be required (heat
treatment, surface treatment etc.). ,\limited amount of
Information on fabrication is presented in this liandhook.
The information presented is intended to convey, first,
a picture of the relative fabricahillty or the alloy, arnl
SCl'Ond, to pinpoint areas in which material proper
tics may he atlvcrdy affected by faiorlcatlon techniques.
4.01 Formability
TI1is section assemhlcs for wro~ght alloys some pertinent
information on their formability. The term "formability,"
as used here, is an indication of a material's ability to be
permanently deformed from a given shape to a different
shape hy means of the practices presently employed (e.g.
forging, roll lng, drawing, forming, dim piing, ere.). The
temperature ran!(cs involved, the mechanical power
required and the resulting material properties arc alt
important factors to he consltlcn~l in the evaluatlor of.
forma bil tty,
4.011 General Information on formability relates primarily to
he form lng of sheet, strip and plate in various contlitlons.
Where available, more specific. Instructions for the
forming cf the different conditions have been atlded.
Bending properties arc reported In terms of the bend
factor, which is the ratio of minlmwn bend radius to
thickness.
4.012 Forging temperatures are reponed as the maximwn st<trt
ng temperature and the mlnimwn finishing temperature,
antl apply to closed die forgings or blacksmith forgings In
the weight range of 5 to about 1000 pounds. Forging
temperatures for small parts, such as turbine hlades or
buckets, arc approximately the same. However, fnr these
forgings, a great deal of care must be exerclsl to avoid
critical strains which will induce grain growth -on reheating
for a subsequent operation or during heat.trearlng. Cantrol
of grain size Is usually ohtained by doing only a limited
amount of forging nfter each heating operation. Forging
temperatures and the amount of mechanical work per-
 '-'~1,.....,1\r"\...., ..., ...,vvvwt...,t'll ""' ...,.,_ _ _ - ... ~- . --

formed at a given temperature are interrelated; and,

hence, a forging temperature cannot be specified
\. without also spec!fylll,!r the amount of mechanical work
performed at that temperature. Detailed Information
on fo~ging has been added where supplied by the producers
(Wyman GQrdon).
4.013 Information on rolling, extrudl.ng. drawing, various types
of forming,dltnpl!ng, Joggling. stamping, shearing aod
riveting Is included when available In a form suitable for
Handbook presentation.
4.02 Machining and Grinding
A very lltnited amount of Information on machining Is
presented here, and this Is given to Illustrate primarily
the performance of different alloy conditions In various
machining operations.

4. 03 Welding
The Information on welding assembled in this Handbook
serves primarily to call attention to areas where the
mechanical or physical properties nre affected. Weld
ability of an alloy Is an ltnportant factor for Its selection
and has been discussed where Information Is available.

4.04 Heat Treatment

This section complements 1. 05 and assembles specific
:I details of the techniques which should be followed by
I fabrlcatorR and users of the alloy.
!
4,05 Surface Treating
From this large topic, only a few Items, which appear
to be of pa1tlcular Interest In connection with the gemral
purpose of the Handbook have been Included.

'
(I

r!
REFERENCES

Manson, S. S. and Haferd, A. M., "A Linear Tltne Tempera

ture Relation for Extrapolation of Creep and Stress-Rupture
Data," NACA TN 2890, (March 1953)
2 Manson, S. S. and Brown, W. F., Jr., 'TitneTemperature
Relations for the Correlation and Extrapolation of Stress
Rupture Data," Proceedings, ASTM, Vol. 53, p. 693, (1953)
3 Larson, F. R. and Miller, J., "A Time-Temperature Relation
ship for Rupture and Creep Stress," Trans. ASMI!, Vol. 74,
p. 765, (1952)
Sachs, G., ~erberlch, W. W,, Weiss, V. and La Torre. J. V.,
"Low Cycle Fatigue of Pressure Vessel Materials," Proceedings,
ASTM, Vol. 60, p. 512, (1960)
5 Wood, W.O., Deem, H. W.and Lucks, C. F,. "Emlulvlty and
,, Emittance - What are They", DMlC Memorandum 7Z, Battelle
Memorial Institute, (November 1960)
6 Sisco, F. T., ''Modern Metallurgy for Englneers",(Boolt), Second
Bdltlon. Pitman Pub!. Co., (1948)
 REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL TABLE 2 013

This alloy Is a member of the aluminum and zinc contain-

T6~
ing family of heat treatable, magnesium casting alloys. It
S'!lurce !4!
Alloy AZ63A
has maximum ductility and an intermediate yield strength, Form Sand cast
and It Is used up to about 300 F In various conditions of Condition F T4 TS
heat treaonent. It Is available In form of sand and perma-
nent mold castings. This alloy Is Inferior to other casting
allilys in regard to poroR!ty and pressure tightness. The
Thermal con:!
~u ft per(hr sq ft F) 34.1 I 30.2 I 37.7 I l
35.3
AZ 63A
weldablllty of this alloy Is Inferior to that of most casllng 2.014 Thermal expansion. See AZ 31 B.
alloys.' 2.015 Speclilc heat. 0. 25 Btu per (lb F).
2. 016 Emisslvltv. See AZ 31 B,.
1.01 Commercial Designation. AZ 63 A. 2.017 Dimensional changes on exposure o! castings to elevated
temperatures, Fig. 2.017.
1.02 Alternate Designations. Dow Meml H, Mazlu AM-265
(obsolete). 2.02 Other Physical Properties
2.021 Density. 0. 0656 lb per cu ln. 1. 81 gr per cu em, (8).
1.03 Specl!lcations. Table 1. 03. 2.022 8lectrlcal resistivity, Table 2, 022.

TABLE 1 03 TABLE 2 022

AMS Form Federal Source (4)
44200 Sand castings (F Condition) Form S>nd and permanen: mold castings
~ Condition F T4 T5 T6
4422H Sand castings (T4 Condition) QQ-M-Ma
I-!T_::e~m:!!p;:_:,-.!F;____ _ Electrical resistivity, microhm In
4424F
-
Sand castln~ts (T6 Condition)
Permanent mold castinl!s 00-M-55:1 RT
100
200
4
4. e
4,91
5, ~3
,5.-5
-
I 4. I"
33
4.45
4. 8
65
4.76
;, 08
1.1)4 Composition. Table 1. 04.

2. 023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnet!c.

TARLR .04
lsource AMS (I) (2 (3
2. 03 Chemical Properties. See AZ 31 B also.
Percent 2.031 Corrosion reslstan.:e of Mg-Al-Zn casting alloys Is slight..
Min Max ly Inferior to that of zirconium containing casting illoys
!Aluminum 5.3 6. 70 and also to that of lill wrought alloys.
lztnc 2.5 3.50 2. 032 Paint protection Is advised .vhere service In exce.,.; of a few
~anganese
~Uicon
0,15
-- -
0.30
years In Industrial atmosphere Is desired or generally for
thin sections.
opper 0.10 2. 033 Exposure to marine and seawater atmosphere ~eq Ires a
~lckel - 0,010
2.034
protective cc.ating.
Stress conrrolon may occur after welding unless stress
Prher Impurities
total - 0.30 relieved.
IM.:.011eslum Balance
2.04 Nuclear P,~perties. Sec .\Z 31 B.
1.05 Heat Treatment
1,051 Stress relief after welding. 500 F, I hr. 3. 1\fECHANICAL PnOPERTlES
1.052 Solution treat F Condition to T4 Condition. 720 to 730 F,
12 hr, rapid air cool, (5, p. 8). 3.01 Specified Mechanical Propertie:!_
1.053 Age
F Condition to T5 Condition. 490 to 510 F, 4 hr, (5, p. B). 3.011 AMS speci!led.-_nd producers' minimum mechanical prop-
1.0531
1.0532 T4 Condition to T6 Condition. 415 to 435 F, 5 hr, (5, p. 8). erties, Table 3. Oll.
1.054 Heat and reheat treatments nfter welding F, T4 or T6 Con- 3.02 Mechanlcnl Propcrtlc5 at Room Temperature. See 3. 0.3
dltions, see 4. 03.
also.
3. 021 Typical mechsnlcal properties for alloy In various C<>r.(!.!
1.06 Hardcr.D.blllty. Hardens fully in all section sizes on rapid tlons, Table 3. 021.
air cooling and subsequent aging.

1.07
1.071
Forms and Conditions Available
Alloy Is available In the full commercial range of sizes for Source
TABLE 3 021
Dow(5,p.6) --
sand and permanent mold castings. Allov AZ 63 A
1.072 Castings arc av"llable In F, T4 and T6 Conditions. They
rnnrlltlnn p -r T~ .:n:
kll 29 40 29 40
~ can also be supplied In T5 Condition on special request. piU'
P't', kll 14 13 14 19

,,,~:.
1.08 Melting and casting Practice. Standard magnesium alloy e( In), percent 6 12 4 ~

inciting and casting practice, sec 4. 01. Pcy kll 14 13 14 19

Pbru, kll
~: i.09 Special Considerations (e/0 2.0) 60 60 60 ,~s

r>': 1.091 Stress relief Is required after welding to prevent stress phrY.' kll
(e/D 2,0) 40

f: 1.092
cracking.
For solution ttcating an atmosphere containing at least
0. 5 percent suUur dioxide Is required.
11 su
Hardne11,
kll 18 ""
18
40
19
S'l
21

I; BHN
R
50
59
55
66
55
66
n83__
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

f 2. 01
2.011
Thermal Properties
Melting range. 685 to U35 F.
3.022 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatures on t>~nsile
properties of sand cast test bars In T6 Cc.ndltion, l'lg.
3.022.
2. 012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subject 'to precipitation. 3.023 Yield strength In compression of cast magneslu;,, :.Uoys Is
2.013 Thermal conductivity. Table 2.013. essentially the same as that In tension.

I COD 3401
 MgC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

TABLE 3 011
Source A,(l)
Dow(6) .bow C6~MSIC2) lroow (6)
AMf(3)
!Dow (6)
Allo AZ63 A
Ponn Castln115
Cnndlrlnn T4 TS Tl';

Cast Prom Cast Prom Castings C:aat Cant Prom Castings

AZ 63A Specimen type teet castings test Avg Single . tC!It test Avg Single
bars Av11: Cal ban (a) specimen tan bars (a) specimen
Pru min - ksl 24 18 34 25.5 17 24 34 25.5 17
p , min - ksl 10' - 10 10 9 ll 16 14.-~ 12
eflln), min - perc~nt
-
4 1
-
7 1. 75 -- 2 3 o. 75 --
Fey min
Pbru min
kll lO(b) lO(b) - ll 16(b) -
-- -- -- -- -
-- --
(e/Dl. 5) Its! 36(b) 36(b) 50(b)
(e/0=2.0) kli 50(b) 50(b) so 6S(b)
Pliry. m!n
-- - -- -
--- ---
(e/01.5) ksl 28(b) 32(b) - 36(b)

-- --
(e/02.0) Its! 30(b) 36(b) 30 45(b)
Feu min
Hardness , BHN
-
Its! 16fb) 17(b) - 17 19(b)
(500 kg, 10 mm)
-- -- -- -- --
min 48 48 65
max - 60 85
(a) Avemge values for at least 4, preferably 10, specimens
(b) tlow only

3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures 4. FABRICATION

3.031 Short time tension properties
3. 031l Stress strain curves for sand cast test bars In T4 Condition 4.01 Forming and Casting
at room and elevated temperatures, Fig. 3. 0311. 4. Oil The production or magnesium alloy castings necessitates a
3.0312 Stress strain curves for sand cast test bars In T6 Condition variety or sll"Cinl measures.
ut room and elevated temperatures, Fig. 3. 0312. 4. 0111 Melting and alloying Is performed In cast or welded low
3.0313 EU'ect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper- carbon steel pots. Nickel contalnlng steel is not permis-
ties of sand cast test bars, Fig. 3. 0313. sible because of pickup of nickel.
3.032 Sbort time properties other than tension 4. 0112 Tile metal Is melted and kept under a special !lux cover.
3.0321 Effect of test temperarure on bearing properties of sand Moisture should be avoided. Flux, sulfur powder, 6and or
cast test bars, Fig, 3. 032L a special powder (GI) are used to prevent and extinguish
~. 0322 Effect o! test temperature on shear strength or sand cast fires.
test bars, Pig. 3. 0322. 4.01l3 The molding sand contains sulfur as a.n Ingredient.
3.0323 Effect O{ lOW test temperature on impact Strength of sand 4.0114 Design or magnesium :&stings should allow generous !lllets
cast test bars, Fig. 3. 0323. and avolrl Ahrupt section changes due to high sensitivity to
3.033 Static stress concentration effects norr;IIDg.
3.0331 Effect or stress concentration o 1 notch strength ratio or 4.012 C'.xxl castings should possess &1lout 90 to 95 percent of the
sand cast test bars, FIg. 3. 033\. t:ensUe .;..J yltci.:! strength valueiJ of the separately cast
\'eSt tars If the sec:ion thickness dues not exceed 11/2 ln.
3,04 Creep and Creep Rupture Propertl,s Sp.."<'Lflcatlons usual;y require that specimens cut !rom ac-
3.041 Total strain curves !or sand cast tet. bars In T6 Condition tual sections should average 75 percent minimum of the
at 200 to 500 F, Fig. 3, 041. test bar values.
4.013 Casting tem.;:"'ratures for this alloy are an follows. Sand
3.05 Fatigue Properties :astings 1350 to:; 1550 F. l'l!rmanent mold castings, 1200 to
3.051 Room temperature fatigue strength, Table 3. 051. 1500 F. Remelt Ingots, 1200 to 1300 F.
4.014 Tile castabillty or this alloy Js Inferior to that o! the other
TABLE 3 051 Mg-Al-Zn alloys since It has a greater tendency to form
Source 7 nllcroshrlnkage and pressure tlghtoess Is more difficult
Form S..no I C'.aot TI'!U Ro to obtain.
Cond Method Streu Stress Fatigue Strength - kll
4.02 Machlnlog properties of cast magnesium alloys are the
~~ Cone en- at Cycles
same as those of wrought al~oys, see AZ 31 B.
A I R tratlon loS to6 107 108
p Rot ...-1 Smooth 15 to 18 12 to 15 10 to 13 ~.5 to 1 4.03 Welding. See AZ 31 B also.
T4 beam Kl 111 to 23 16 to 21 14 to 19 13 to 17 4.031 General. 'Although castings Ill !Ills alloy can be repaired
T6 17 to 20 15 to U 12 to 1 U to IS by fusion welding, using AZ 6~ A or AZ 92 A welding rod,
p Direct p.6(
p.25 Smooth 2 to 25 ~0 to 23 18 to 21 - It Is considered difficult to wt:ld. It Is Inferior In this re
T4
T6
streu Kl 3 to 27 ~~to 24 18 to 21
5 to 30 123 to 26 22 to 25
-- spect to tile other Mg-AI-Zn casting alloys and consider
ably Inferior to alloys containing rue earths or thorium as
major alloying elements. Castings may be repaired, pre-
3. 052. Average stress range disgrams !or direct stress and re- ferably by arc welding methods, If they are subsequently
verse bending !or sand cast test bars, F lg. 3, 052. Inspected !or soWldness and cracks. Gas welding Is only
used for field repair. Preheating should precede welding,
3.06 Elastic Properties and heat treatment should be preferably performed after
3.061 MOdUlus of elasticity. 6, 500 ksl, (12). welding. Stress relief Is DC>l required If the casting Is
3.062 Modulus of rigidity. 2, 400 ksl, (12). welded In F Condition and subsequently solution treated.
i'; 3,063 Poisson's ratio. 0. 35,(12). 4.032 Heat treating and reheat treating after welding, Table
3.064 Tangent modulus curves In tension and compression for 4.032.
.i slllll castings, Fig. ;;, 064.

I CODE
 MgC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

TABLB 4.032 50 Mg-6Aa-3ZD

I s,..r, .. n ?~\
SAND CAST TBST BARS
IAllov A7. i.1 A
CoJ>:IItlon T6 COND
Welding Preheat at Heat treatment
before I after
.welding ro:l 715 to 735P ~~ alter welding 40
p T4
AZ63 A
All
Sections
Tan~RAC Aging

72() to 7301
10 hr
- Pru
~

AZ 63A
p T6 30 TBSTED TRT
425P Sh
T4, T6 T4 AZ63 A
or
Thin and
restralnrd
725 to 73SF
30 min
- e0 100 HR
lOOOH
J BXPOSURE
PTY
-
T4, T6 T6 sections
A292 A o~lv j42SF, 5hr 20
Heating from SOOF up should b= at !SOP p..r hr maximum
S02 atmos[lbere n~ reaulred for 725 to 735F, 30 min ~ 10

4. 04
4. 041
Heating and Heat Treating
Csatings In this aiUL otb:r Mg-Al-ZD alloys are usually
~
le
0
-
0
e

loaded into the furnace at 500 P aud brought to the solution p 100 200 300 400
treating temperature within about 2 hr at a uniform rate. TEMP- P
4. 042 Heating at 750 P or higher sboulll be performed In an air
atmosphere containing 1/2 percent minimum sulfur dlnxide. PIG. 3,022 EPPBCT OF EXPOSURE TO BLBVATBD
An exception see Table 4. 032. TBMPBRATUllES ON TENSILB PROPBRTIBS
4.043 Support Is r<>qulred on solution treating thin sections. OP SAND CAST TBST BARS IN T6
4. 044 Rapid air cooling a!ter solution usually requires .fans. CONDITION .(6)
4. 045 Overheating resulting In local melting and tires should be
prevented. For extinguishing !ires the furnace should be
equipped with a:~ Inlet for borontrlcblorldc or borontrl-
fluorlde.

4. OS Surface Treating
4. 051 Csatlngs can generally be surface treated in the same man-
ner as wrought products.
4. 052 Cleaning and pickling of sand castings consists commonly
of blast cleaning, acid pickling and chrome pickling, to
provide surface protection during shipment and storage.
Chrome pickle Is also used as a paint bflse, altbough other
treatmeniB may be specified,

zs;----,-----.----~----~--~
Ma6AI-3ZD
SAND CAST TBST BARS
T4C

~~s~~j---~~~~~~~~
6 Mg-6AI-3Zn 400P
CASTINGS ~a:
--T4COND
- - T6 COND ( 8) ~tor---~~--~--~~----F===~
4
500 p

600 p

700 p
TENSION
0 o. 002 o. 004 o. 006 0.008 0.010
STRAIN - IN PBR IN

PIG. 3,0311 STRBSS STRAIN CURVBS FOR SAND CAST

PIG. 2. 017 DIMENSIONAL CHANGES ON EXPOSURE OF
TBST BARS IN T4 CONDlTION AT ROOM AND
CASTINGS TO BLBVATED TEMPERATURBS
BLBVATED TBMPBRATIJRBS
(8, PIG. IS, TBL. XV)
(8)

,__ __
 MgC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE D MARCH 1963

AZ 63A

20L-----~----~----~
0 200 400 600
TEMP- F

FIG. 3. 0321 EFFECT OF TE'ST TEMPERA-

TURE ON BBARING PROPERTIES
OF SAND CAST TEST BARS
(9)

700 F

TENSION
0~--~~--~~--~~~--_.----~
0, 002 0, 004 0, 006 0. OOP 0. 010
STRAIN - IN PER IN

FIG. :;,0312 STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR SAND CAST

TEST liARS IN T6 CONDITION AT ROOM AND
ELEVATE D TEMPERATURES
(8)

0 200 400 600

TEMP-F

FIG. 3, 0.122 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA-

TURE ON SHEAR STRENGTH
OF SAND CAST TEST BARS
(9)

>-
ot"2o~----~~~-+

Mg-6AI-3Z n
SAND CAST TEST BARS
r
0 F COND
4
A T4 CQND
e T6 COND
I
i .~1----11----f--:r-+--+---l
IE CHARPY V

2 ~

~ w
-
J.j
f r
0 200 400 600 0
TEMP- F -150 -100 -so 0 50
FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEM- TEMP- F
PERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SAND
FIG. 3,0323 EFFECT OF LOW TEST TEMPERATURE
CAST TEST BARS
ON IMPACT STRENGTH OF SAND CAST
(6)
TEST BARS (6)

I ,.."ru~
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS MgC

~ 1.2~-----r-----f------~~~~~~~~~
;:!
~
ffi 1.0~-----r-----+------~~~~~~~~~
a:
!;; AZ 63A
:I:

~ O.B~j[~J:~l~r-----r-----t-----t--1
1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR K

PIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OP STRESS CONCENTRATION ON NOTCH

STRENGTH RATIO OF SAND CAST TEST BARS
(6)

REVERSE
0 BENDING
0 10 20 30

---
MEAN STRESS KSI
20 PIG. J.OS2 AVERAGE STRESS RANGE DIAGRAMS
Mg-6/\l-3Z n
SIIND CAST TEST BARS FOR DIRECT STRESS AND REVERSE

--- ~
BENDING FOR S/\ND C/\ST TEST 8/\RS
T6 COND

-- -- -
(10)
10 ~'---...
- - ..............
..... _~

6
......
.....
...... ,
------~
',
~00 F

' .......
......
2
,._ ___
20
-._r::--
10
t-----
f-~
1-

-
---

.
-~-- .....
--1.:--- -..._.......,., 20 '
Mgblll-3Z n
SIIND OSTINGS

~
200 F

-
COND

6
400 F --- -~ r-- ..... \
T6

~
15

-.....
'
.... .
......
~ \~
' ~
4
[\..

~
r--, '
\~ f.l ___
...... .... _..-T4

~\_00 F ,
5
'\ - - - - - 1% } TarAL
- COMPRESSIDr
---TENSI ON
=-=~:~~
0.1
\ 10
SHAIN 0
0 4 6
100 1000 1000 KSI
TIME -IIR
PIG. 3. 064 TANGENT MOOOLUS CURVES IN
PIG. 3.041 TOT/\L STRAIN CURVES FOR SAI\;D CAST TE:n
TENSION AND COMPRESSION FOR
RARS IN T6 CONDITION /IT 200 TO 'iOO F
SIIND CASTINGS
(B,Tbl.XIII ) (13)

I CODE 3401
MgC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVIS ED MIIRCI'i 1963

REFERENCES
I AMS 4420 G. (Aug. IS. 1958)

~
AMS 4422 H. (Aug. J:i. 1958)
AMS 4424 F. (Aug 15, 1958)
4 The Dow Chemic al Co., "Electri cal ar.d Thermn
l Propcrr les of
MaBJiesium ar.d Magnesium Alloys", (July 9. 1956)
5 The DoN Chemic al Co , "Hear Treatin g o! Magnes
ium S.:.r.d and
AZ 63A Permane nt Mo1d Casting s". Dullelin No. 141-35.
(1957)
The Ocr.v Chemic al Co., "Magne sium Desi~",
(1957)
The Dow Chemic al Co., "Dow Data Sheet o:: Fa
liHue Properl los",
(May 20, 1958)
8 The Dow Chemic al Co., "Roo:n and Elevated Temper
ature Prop
ertles of Magnes ium Cast Alloys" . Bulletin No.
141-176 , (1958)
9 The Dow Chemic al Co., "Shear, Bearing, and Hardne
ss Data for
Cast Alloys" , (Feb. 11, 1957)
10 Ordnanc e Corps, "Magne sium ar.d Magneo ium
Alloys" . Ordnanc e
Materia ls Handbook, OROP 20303, (Sept. 1956)
11 The Dow Chemic al Co., "Joining Maznes iun''
(1956)
12 Alloy Digest, "Magne sium AZ63A", Flli!JII Co:le
Mg-32,
(March, 1957)
13 DoN, (1959)
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

TABI..B 2 013
l. GBNBRAL
Source (8 Mg
This ~~~treatable casting alloy ls a member of tbe alu-
Allov AZ91C AZ91A _B_
minum .1lld zinc containing family of magnesium alloys.
Ole Cast
9 AI
It Is available ln form of snnd an~ permane:>t mold :as lings Condition i&nd Cast
(AZ 91 C). and It Is the d!e c,g,~:t!!lf, alloy (AZ 91 A) T4 T6 F 0.7 Zn
commonly used for m!l!tary 1:. rposes. Alower purity Therm Cond "
variety or the d!e casting alloy Is also produced (AZ 91 B} -Btu ft per
The alloy t:omblnes hlgh ductility with good strength up 31.0 26.4 32.4 29.8
to about 300 F, It possesses good pressure tightness and
(hr sq ft F)
Olffuslvity 1.109 0.937 1.150 1.060 AZ 91
welding properties, both being superior to those of
AZ 63A.
1.01 Commerclal Deslguation. AZ 91 (A, B .1nd C). 2,014 Thermal expansion. RT to 212 F, 14.5 x 106 In per In
p~r F,,(lO)
1.02 Alternate Deslguatiorul. Dow Metal R, Mazlo Am 263 (all 2.015 Specific heat. o. 25 8!11 p~r (lb F).
obsolete). 2.016 Emissivity. 5-oe AZ 31 B.
2.017 Olffuslvlty, see Table 2. 013
1.03 S;>ecUlcatl.ons. Table l. 03. 2.018 Olrnenslon:ll cil~nj~es of sand .:as lings ln T4 Condition at
20J to 400 F, Fig. 2. 018.

2.02 Other Physical Properties

2,021 Density. 0. 0652 lb per cu ln. I. 81 gr per cu em, (10)
2.022 Blectrical resistivity, Fig. 2. 022,
2,023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic.

Compodtion. Table 1. 04. 2.03 Chemical Properties

2.031 Corrosion resistance
2. 0311 General. Thls alloy Is slightly Inferior In general corro-
sion resistance to the wrought alloys, to AZ 31 B and to
TABI..B 1 04 the casting alloys free from zinc and aluminum.
Source AMS (2) Dow(3,p.44 AMS I 2, 0312 Thls alloy requires stress relief after welding to prevent
Designation AZ 91 A AZ 91 B AZ 91 C stress cracking.
2.032 Oxidation resistance. Same as AZ 63 A.
Percent Percent Percent
Mln Max Min Max Min Max
2. 04 Nuclear Properties. See AZ 31 B.
Aluminum 8,3 9, 7 8,30 9. ~ 8. I 9,3
Zlnc 0.4 1.0 0.40 1.0 0.4 1.0
Maognneae
SUicon
0,13
-
-
0,50
0,13
--
-
0.50
0.13
-
-
0.30
Cr.>pper
Nickel
-- 0,10
0.01 -
0.30
0.01
-
-
0,10
0.01
Other Impurities

Mai!Deslum
total -Balance0.30 -Balance0.30 -Balanc<'0.30
:.nr:. Heat Treatment
1. 0:.1 Stress relief after welding. 500 F, I hr.
1.052 Solution treat sand and permanem mold castings to T4 3. MECHANICAL PR,OPBRTIBS
Condition. 3.01 Speclfled Mechanical Properties
1.0521 770 to 780 F, 18 hr, air cool, (12, p. 3). 3.011 AMS specUled and pro~ucers 1 mlnlmum mecbanlcal pro-
1.0522 To preveDt g-rain growth, 770 to 780 F, 6 hr, furnace cool perties, Tab:.e 3. 011.
to660to670 F, hold 2hr+ 770to780 F, 10 hr, (12,p.3).
1.053 Age T4 Condition to T6 Condition. 325 to 345 F, 16 hr,
(12, p. 4).
1.054 Rebeal treat after welding to T4 or T6 Condition, see 4. 03. TABLB 3 011
Source 4
Dow l><TN 3 (41 AMS 1
1.06 Hardeuablllty. Sand and permane:lt mold ::astl.ng& ln this AZ91A,
ailiiy Mrden fully ln all commerclalslzes on solution Allov AZ91B AZ91C
treating an:l aging. Ole
Form cutingl Sand and permanent mold caningl
1.07 Forms and Conditions Avallable F F T4 T6
Condition
1.071 'i'iii"s alloy Is avallable ln d1e full commerclal range of From Castings
sizes for all types or cas lings. (a) mln single
1.072 Sand and permanent mold castings are available In F, Avg. specimen
Specimen type Cast test bars
T4, T5 and T6 Conditions.
1.073 Die castings are avallable only ln F Condition.
Ftu' min
F , min
- kli
-1<11
--
18 34
10 10
34
16
25.5
14.5
17
12

1.08 ~"!tiog and Casting Practice. See AZ 63 A.

e(~ ln), min-percent - 7 - 3 o. 75 -
~'bru min

1.09 Sj>e.-:lal Cons ldemtions. See AZ 63 A.

(e/Oo2.0) -bi -
50 50 65 - -
Fbry mln
(e/Oo2.0) bi
-bi 20
-
30 36
16 17
45
19
-
-
--
P 1 u mln
2. PHYSICAL AND CHBMICAL PROPBRTlBS
Hardneu ll:fN
(500kg,l0mm~ typ -- - --
73 65
2.01
2.011
Thermal Properties
Melting moge. 785 to 1105 F. - 85

2.012 Pluse ehanges. Alloy Is subject to precipitation. (a) Average values for at least 4, prefembly 10 specimens
2.013 Thermal conductivity, Table 2. 013.

CODE 3402
PAGE
~~
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE[) MARCH 1963

Mg
3.02 ~hanlcal
also,
Ptoperties at Room Tempemwre. Soc 3.03 4.0!2 CUstlng tempemwre range Is 1150 to 12SC F. Hot short-
ness range Is above 750 F.
3.021 Typical mec113nlcal properties, Table 3, 021.
9 AI 4,03 w~
0.7 Zn TABLE 3 021
4.031 Sind C3Stlngs In this alloy possess a Weldablllty Sligbtly
4) superior to that oC AZ 92 A. Welding Is used both for re-
Source Dow 3
polr and for jol.nlng to wroaght products. Welding to HM
AZ91A, 21 A an;! HM 31 A Is not re::ommcnde:J. Bither AZ 92 A
Allov IA7.0IR A70( r
AZ 91 Sand and permanent
or AZ 61 A welding rod Is used. Welded cas lings l'C<JUlre
Ole p~.; tweld nrc.< s relief.
Form casttnl{s mold casHngs 4.032 Ole castings are welded only for emergency repolrs.
Condition I' T4 Th 4.033 Reheat trcatmcn: of sand and pennan.,at mold :astlngs In
Specimen tvne Cast "
~ h. T4 9Jld T6 Conditions after welding, Table 4. 033.
Fw, typl:sl 33 24 40 40
F , typ-ksl 22 14 12 19
efr lo) - percent 3 2 14 5 TABLE 4 033
Fey typ-l:sl 22 14 12 19 I !lnun:e (5
Fbru, typ-l:sl - 60 60 75 Condition
Fbry
Fsu
typl:sl
typ-ksl
-
20
40
18
4~
18
52
21 Before After Welding Preheat
Heat treatment
after welding
Hilidnesa - BHN 60 52 55 73 welding welding rod Temp-!' Solution Age
- RE 72 62 66 83
treat
T4, T6 T4 AZ92A 740 to 760
Thin or res trained
770 to -
T6 sections onlv
;~~ F,
1 2 hr
32ilF.
16 hr
3.03 Me=hanlcal Proprties at Various Tempomwrcs
3.031 S~ort tlme tension properties
3,0311 Stress straln curves at roam an:l ~eva ted tcmpmarurcs
for sand cast test lnrs, Fig. 3, 0311.
3. O.ll2 Effect of test tempcmture on tcnsUe properties of sand
cast test bus, Fig. 3.0312.
3.0313 Effects of test tempmwre and stmlo rate on ten.Ue pro-
i>Jrties of sand =as t teH lnrs 1o T6 Condltlon, Fig. 3.0313
3.032 Short time proprties other than tens !on
3. 0321 Effect of test tempemture on b"-lring properties o[ sand
cast teH bus, Fig. 3. 0321.
3.0322 Effe=t of test tcmpemture on shear strength of sand =nst
test lnrs, Fig. 3. 0322.

3.04 Creap 'lnd Cree&) Rupture Propenics

3.041 ls(ichronous stress stmln curves at 300 .md 400 F for
sand .:ast test bars In Tb Condition, Fig. 3. 041.

3. OS Fatigue Ptoperties
3, 051 Patlgue stren~o'lh of sand cast test bus at toom tc.npm-
ture, Tab!e 3. 051.
200 300 400 500 6W
TEMP- F
TARI."~ nSI
Source (13) FIG. 2. OJR DIMENSIONAL CHANGES OF SAND
Al!ov AZ91 C CA5nNGS IN T4 CONDITION AT 200
Porm Sand cast test lnrs TO 400 F (10)
Condition Meth<Jd Stress Stress Fa tlgue Strength - ks I
Ratio Concen- at Cycles
A R
trarton 105 106 107 oR
T4 Rot co -1 Smooth 171< 15 to 13to 12 to
beam K=l 22 19 17 15
T6 17tc 14 to 111<> 9.S:o
20 17 14 12 8~--~----r----r--~~~-,
Mg-9A1-0. 7 Zn

3.0~ Bias tlc Properties

3.0~1 Modulus of elasticity at room and elevated tempemwres,
Pig. 3.0~1.

4. FABRICATION. S>e AZ 63 A, Only additional and dlf

ferent loformatlon Is given b:llow,

4.01 Forming and Castlng

4.011 D.e =astlogs 1o this alloy l'C<JUlre generous !lllets and u-
nlformlty of wall thickness. Minimum wall thickness Is TEMP- F
0. 050 ln. S..st mcchonlcal proportlcs are obtalnw In FIG. 2,022 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY
thlclr.nesses from 1/16 to 3/16 ln. (8)

CODE 3402
PAGE 2
 MgC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

so----------~----------~--------~Mg----9A-l---o.-7-Z_n,
Mg
SAND CAST TEST BARS
T6COND 9 AI
75 F
0.7 Zn

AZ 91

20

iii
:>(

IG

iii
:>(
Pro
0
20

0,001 0,01 0.1

S\RAIN RATE - IN PER IN PER MIN
0, 002 0, 004 0. 006 0, 008 0. ll!O FIG. 3.03!.3 EFFECTS OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND STRAIN RATE
STRAININ PER IN ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SAND CAST TEST OARS IN
T6 CONDITION (8)
PIG. 3,0311 STRESS STRAIN CURVES AT ROOM A:>ID
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR SAND CAST
TEST OARS (10)

so~----~----~----~--------~
Mg-9AI-O, 7Zn
Mg-9AI-O, 7Zn
SAND CAST TEST BARS
SAND CAST TEST OARS
eAT6 COND 0T4COND
0 T4 COND !J.6

~ 40~----~----~~----~----~~----1------;

"'~
AT TEMP
"'
0..

30L-----~----~----~----~~
fo 100 200 300 0 100 20G 300 400
TEMP- P TEMP- F

FIG. :,, [J.il2 EFFECT OF TEST TEMI'FRAlURE ON TENSILE FIG. 3.U321 FFFEC"!" OF 'TE~T TEMPFRATI1 RE ON
PROPERTIES OF SA:-ID CAST TEST liARS BEARING PROPERTIES OF SAND CAST
(4XIO) TEST BARS (6)

CODE 3402
.... ':t"
NON.FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

REFERENCES
MCJ
25
9 AI 1
2
AMS 4437, (Aug. 15, 195S)
AMS 4490 D, (Dec. 1, 1951)
0.7 Zn 3 The Dow Chemical Co,, Magnesium Oep.trtment, "Magnesium
!il Alloys and Products", (1958)
:00: 20 4 The Dow Chemical Co., Magnesium Department, "Magnesium
Design", (1957)
AZ 91 5 The Dow Chemical Co., "Joining Ma.;neslum", (1956)
6 The Do Chemical Co., "Shear, Searing, and Hardness Onra
15 for Cast Alloys", (Feb. 11, 1957)
0 100 200 300 400 7 The Dow Chemical Co., "lscr..hronO'~s Stress-Strain Curves of
TEMP- P Magnesium Casting Alloys", (Oct. 31, 1958)
8 The Dow Chemical Co., "Electrical and Thermal Popertles
PIG. 3, 0322 BPPBCT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
of Magnesium an:! Ma,;neslum Allo7s," Code 2. 51,
SHEAR STRENGTH OP SAND CAST TEST (October 23, 1959).
BARS (6) 9 Deleted
10 The Dow Ch::mical Co., "Room an:l Eleated Temperature
Prop!r"..les of Ma.;neslum Cast~s Alloys," Bulletin No. 141-
176, (l95S),
II Fena, R. W., Jr. "Youag's Mooulus o! Magnesium A,lloys as
Pun:tlo~ o! Temperature and Me:.illurgical Variables," Do
Chemical Co., (1959).
12 The Dow Chemical Co., "Heat Treating o! Magnesium Sna
and P"rman>nt Mo~d Camlngs," Bulletin No. 141-35, (1957).
I3 The Dow Chemical Co., "Roo:atlog -11-_am Fatigue Streogth,
Machln!d aoi Polished S;>eclmens," Data S!leer, (May 16, 19SQ),

0 0,004 0. OOR 0 0. 004 0,0(1~ 0.0!1

STRAIN -IN PER IN

PIG. 3, 0411SOCHRONOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES ~T JOU AND 400 F

FOR SAND CAST TEST BARS IN T6 CO~DITIO:>;
(7)

7
_I_ Mg-9Al-O, 7Zn
SAND CAST TEST BARS

6
~ T6 COND

~ B. STIATIC

4
\\
3
0 200 400 600 800
TEMP- F

PIG. 3.061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM

AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
(ll,TbL2)

COOE 3402
 MgC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL 1.09 ~lal Considerations

AZ 92 A Is a heat treatable casting alloy which Is a mem- 1.091 Heat treat temperature must not exceed 772 F to prevent
ber of the aluminum and zinc containing family. Of this burning, (6).
family It has the highest yield strength combined with
moderate elongation and good pressure tightness. It Is 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
available In the form of sand, permanent mold, Investment
castings and welding rod. Castings of this alloy give stable 2.01 Thermal Properties
properties up to 200 F and Wider low operating stresses 2.011 Melting range. 830 to 1100 F minimum. Llquatlon (burning) AZ 92 A
give satisfactory service up to 350 F. It has good machln- temperature 770 F, (6).
abUity and can be welded. 2.012 Transformation temperature. None.
2.013 Thermal conductivity, Table 2.013.
1. 01 Commercial Designation. AZ 92 A.

1.02 Alternate Designation TABLE 2 013

Source f7. Tbl. V)
1.03 Speclficatlons, Table 1.03. ''"ondltlon F T4 TS T6
Temn- F Btu ft .,..r hr snIt F
TABLE 1 03 68 30.2 25.6 33.6 33.6

--
lAMS Form Mllltarv ASTM 100 - 35.1 35.1
4434 F Castings, >lllnd (T6 Cond) QQ-M-56(F, 1'7) 8 80-56T (F,T6 200 - 38.7 38.7
4453 Castings, Investment
300 - - - 41.8
- - 400 -- - - 44.8
(T6 Cond)
4484 E Castings, permanent 500 - - 47.6
mold(T6 Cond) QQ-M-55 (F, T6 B 199-56T Calculated from electrical resistivity data
- Ingot - 8 9J-56T

2.014 Thermal expansion at low and elevated temperatures, Fig.

2.014.
1.04 Composition, Table 1. 04. 2.0141 Dimensional growth due to exposure at various tempera-
tures, Fig. 2.0141.
2.015 Speclflc heat. 0. 245 Btu per (lb F).
TABLE 1 04 2.016 P.mlsslvlty. Variations In alloy composition do not signif-
Source AMS (1) CZl C3l Icantly effect emissivity values.
2.0161 Effect of test temperature on emissivity of alloy, Fig.
Percent
Min Max 2.0161.
2.017 Dlffuslvlty. Thermal, 0.135 sq In per sec, (9, p.l9).
Aluminum 8.3 9. 7
Zinc 1.6 2.4 2.02
Manganese
Silicon
0.10
- -
0.30
2.021
Other Physical Properties
Density. 0.066 lb per cu In, 1.828 gr !'Cr cu em.
2.022 Electrical resistivity, Table 2. 022.
Copper - 0.10
Nickel
Elther Impurities
- 0.01

tOial - 0.30 TABLE 2 022

. ii "Thl IV\
Ma!meslum Balance I Source
I r:ondltlnn --.: ---;u ..... T6
Temo- F Microhm -In
68 5.51 6.61 4. 88 4.88

--- -
1. OS Heat Treatment 100 5.00 5.00
1.051 Solution treat. As cast F Condition to T4 Condition. 200 - 5.35 5.35
1.0511 Load Into preheated fun111ce (approximately 500 F), raise
300
400 -
-- -
-
5.75
6.10
to 760 to 770 FIn about 2 hr, hold at temperature for 18hr,
alr cool. Use 0. 5\\', so2 (min) In furnace atmosphere during
500 - . - 6.46
heat and soak periods, (4, p. 3).
1. 0512 LOold Into preheated furnace (appr(JXlmately 500 F), raise
to 760 to 770 F In about 2 hr, hold at temperaturt' for 6 hr,
furnace cool to 660 to 670 F, hold for 2 hr, raise to 760 to
770 F, hold for 10 hr, air cool. Use 0. 5\\', S02 (min) In fur- 2.023 Magnetic properties. Nonmagnetic.
nace atmosphere during heat and soak cycles. This treat-
ment prevents germination, (4, p. 3). 2.03 Chemical Properties
1.052 Age 2.031 Corrosion resistance
1.0521 As cast toTS Condition, age at 490 to 510 F for 4 hr, air 2.0311 Alloy Is resistant to most alkalis, some hydrocarbon,
cool, (4, p. 23). aldehydes, ethyl alcohol, phenols, amlnea, esters and
1.0522 T-1 to T6 Condition, after solution heat treat, age at 490 to most oils as well as pure chromic and hydrofiourlc acids.
510 F for 4 hr, air cool, (4, p.4). 2.0312 Stress corrosion may occur after welding unleas stress
relieved.
2.0313 Suscep~lble to galvanic corrosion In presence or more noble
1.06 Hardenablllty metal unless protected:
2.032 Oxidation resistance. In moist air, alloy forms oxide film
1. 07 Forms and Conditions Available which retards but does not stop further oxidation. Needs
1.071 Alloy Is available In the full commercial range of sizes for full protection In marine atmoapheres.
sand, permanent mold and investment castll'lgs.
1.072 Castings are available In F, T4, TS and T6 Conditions al- 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
though use Is almost exclusively In the T6 Condition.
3.01 Specified Meeha"!_cal Properties
1.08 Mel tlng and Casting Practice 3.011 AMS specified Gnd producer's mlnlmum mechanical proper-
1.081 Standard magnesium alloy melting and casting practice. ties, Table 3.011.
 MgC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

TABLE 3 011
'Source AMS (1) (3) I
Allov
AMS_ru_ I Dow__{? .J!. 23)
Mg9Al-2Zn
Porm Sand and permanent
mold castlnRS Investment castings Sand and permanent mold castings
Condition T6 T6 F T4 TS T6
Ftu min- ksl 34 (a), 25.5 (b), 17 (c) 37 (a), 27.5 (b), 19 (c)
20 34 20 34
min- ksl !8 (a), 16 (b), 13. 5 (c)
AZ92A Fty' 20 (a), 17.5 (b), IS (c)
10 (f) 10 (f) 11 (f) 18 (f)
e, min - percent 1 (a) (d), 0. 75 (I) 1 (a) (e), 0. 7 (b) (g)
1 (d) 6 (d) 1 {d)
Haniness,
BHN --
min
max
(a) For cast tensile specimens
(b) Average for tensile specimens
7~~!
95
63 (f)
93lti
(e) In 1 In gage length
(f) Converted from Rockwell E 7595
I
cUI from castings (not less than 4, preferably 10 specimens) (g)in40
(c) For Individual tensile specimen CUI from e~~stlngs (h) 500 kg - 10 mm ball
(d) In 2 In gage length (I) AMS 4434 F specifies 2 In gage length
AMS 4484 E specifies 4 D gage length

3 05 Fatlgu<' Prcperties
3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temper.!'~ Z.JSI SN curves for fatigue properties or alloy, Fig. 3. 051.
3.021 Typical mechanical properties, Table 3. 021. 3.052 Shot peening or surface rolling of castings Induce residual
compressive stresses favorable to Increased fatigue life,
(8, p.36).
TABLE 3 021
LsourcJ.t (9. 0. 23)
AlloY M"9AI2Zn 3.06 Elastic Properties
Sand and permanent mold castings 3.061 MOdiiiiiSofCi'aSiiCity at room and elevated temperatures,
Porm
(separately cast test bars) Fig. 3.061.
Condition 3.062 Modulus or rigidity, 2, 400 ksl.
F T4 T5 T6 3.063 Poisson's ratio, 0. 35.
;ru:?21n) :: =~:
e typ - percent
24
14
40
14
24
14
40
21 4. FABRICATION
2 10 2 2'
Fey typ- ksl
typ- ksl
14 14 - 21 4.01
4.011
Forming and Ca~-
Fsu 19 19 20 22 General. Standard nux melting procedure Is used for mag-
Pbru' typ - ksl 50 68 50 8J nesium alloys. Molten metal must be kept covered with
Fb:t typ - ksl 46 46 46 65 nux. Crucibles having clay as a bond are attacked by molten
Ha cas, magnesium while steel crucibles are not attacked. Welded
BHN - typ 65 63 - 84 low carbon 'or "cast steei'crucibles are almost always used.
Impurities may be picked up from nickel steel crucibles.
3.022 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on room tern .. Moisture must be avoided.
perature tensile properties of alloy In T6 Condition, Fig. 4.012 Casting temperature. Sand, 1350 to 1550 F. Permanent
3.022. mold, 1200 to 1500 F. Ingots, 1200 to 1300 P, (6).
3.023 The compressive yield strength or this alloy Is essentially
the same as the tensile yield strength, (8, p. 25). 4.02 Machlnl'!l
3.024 Stress strain curves in tension at room temperature for 'i'hiBiiiToy possesses excellent machinability.
alloy In F, T4 and T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 024.
3.025 Stress strain curves in compression at room temperature 4.03 Welding
for alloy In F, T4 and T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 025. Alloy has fair weldab!Hty.
3.026 Tangent modulus curves in tension at room temperature 4.031 Alloy Is welded by the Inert shielded tungsten arc method,
for alloy in F, T4 and T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 026. using an AZ 92 A welding rod, (6).
3.027 Tangent ~odul us curves in compression at room tempera- 4.032 Gas welding Is used mostly for emergency repall's. When
ture for alloy In F, T4 and T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 027. gas welding, all nux muBI be completely removed by Im-
3.028 Effect of stress concentration factor on room temperature mersion and scrubbing In hot water. !'ltrt should be given
notch tensile strength ratio or alloy in T4 and T6 Condition, chrome pickle treatment and then boiled for 2 hr In 5 per-
Fig. 3.028. cent sodium dichromate solution.
4.033 This alloy can be satisfactorily resistance welded, (6).
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures 4.034 Stress relieve after welding, see 4. 0423.
3.031 Shan lime tensile properties
3.0311 Stress strain curves Cit room and elevated temperature of 4.04 Heating and Heat Treating
alloy In T6 condition, Fig. 3. 031 I. 4.041 SOiutiontreatn teiiiSrequtre an atmosphere or at least
3.0312 Eff<'CI of test temperature on tensile properties of alloy In 0.5 percent sulfur dioxide.
T5 and T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 0312. 4.042 Heat trmtment after welding with AZ 92 A welding rod.
3.0313 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper .. 4.0421 From T4 or T6 Condition before welding to T4 Condition
ties of alloy In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0313. alter welding, heat 30 min at 760 to 770 F, (5).
3.0314 Effect of test temperature and strain rate on tensile pro- 4.0422 Front T4 or T6 Condition before welding to T6 Condition
perties of alloy In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0314. after welding, heat 30 min at 760 to 770 F, age 4 hr at
J.032 Short time properties oU1er than tension 500 F, (5).
3.0321 Effect of test temperature on shear strength of alloy In T6 4.0423 Stress relief after welding, 500 F, 30 min, (5).
Condition, Fig. 3.0321.
3.0322 4.05 Surface Treating
Efk>ct or test temperature on bearing properties of alloy
4.051 Dip cootlngs (chromic acid and sndlum dichromate) and
In T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 0322.
anodic coatings of varluus kinds are used. Both types serve
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties as a base for special paints. Dip coatings are very thin and
3.041 Creep curves or nllov In T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 041. lack abrasive resistance. For service in marine atmospheres,
3.042 Isochronous stress Slraln curves for alloy In T6 Condition anndic coatings plus paint must be used. Electroplating may
at 300 and 400 F, F!g. 3.042. be used for high wear resistance and protection at elevated
temperatures, (8, p. 157, 158).

CODE 34031
 MgC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\ 18 50
Mg-9Al-ttn Mg-9Al-2Zn

16~----+-----+-----,_----4------~~~~----4
~l.---
~---~ FTU
~ __!----"
v
EXPOSURE
AZ92A
~14~--~----~-,-~--~---4-----+----~----4 1- e 0 HR
~
0 100HR
MEAN COEF LINEAR 4 1000 HR
-
~ I
THERMAL EXPANSI0N
1
1
r-- =:.,.....
~~12~--~~~--~~--~-----4-----,4-----4-----1 20 1----
FTY
FROM RT TO TEMP
'2 INDICATED
TESTED AT 70 P

0 I 0
c (21N)

~~00~----~20~0~--~0~--~200~---4~00~--~600~--~8~0~0----1~000~ 0
0
- 100 200 300 400
TEMP- F TEMP- F
PIG. 2.!114 THERMAL EXPANSION AT LOW AND ELEVATED TEMPER- FIG. 3.022 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
ATURFS (7, 1bl.I) TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATURE
TENSILE moPERTIES OF ALLOY IN T6
CONDmON ( 8, p.179)

400 500 600

TEMP- F
FIG. 2.0141 DIMENSIONAL. GIWWTH DUE TO
EXPOSURE AT VAI\IOUS TEMPER-
ATURES (B,p.Jh-17)

Mg-9AI-2Zn
0.20
AS REhiVED I-
a CLEAN AND S/\lG'CTH

~-
4 POLISHED

v
0.18
;..;-

~ 0.16

i:!:
~
v I /
5E / /
Ill 0.14
v
/ v/
0.1 2

~
v,...
0.1 0 STRAIN - IN PER IN
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 FIG. 3.024 STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN TENSION
>EMP- F
AT ROOM TEMPERATURE FOR ALLOY
FIG. 2.0161 EFFhCT OF TEST TEMI'l :tATURE ON EMISSIVITY IN F, T4 AND T6 CONDmON
OF ALLOY (11, p.4.62-4.69)
(14)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMA RCH 1~63

Mg-9AI-2Zn Mg-9AI-2Zn
24

~T6

20

~T4
AZ92A
\
16 ......
7
\\'
\ "'"
!2 12

~
8
~ r.....
1\
4

CO,ESSION
0
0 0.002
0.004 0.006 0.008 0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008
STR.UN- IN PER IN STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG. 3.025 STRESS S':llAIN CURVES IN COMPRES- FIG. 3.027 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COM
SION AT ROOM 1E MPERATURE FOR PRESSION AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
ALLOY IN 1', T4 AND T6 CONDITION FOR ALLOY IN F, T4 AND T6 CONDI-
(11, p. 4. 62-4. 69) TION (11, p. 4. 62-4. 69)

Mg-9AI-2Zn
u '
6

20

1.6 ..---....--- -.....---...

Mg-9AI-2Zn
\
16 ........ 8

!2 12
)\i\.. 0
~1.4
a:

8
~~ "- ~ ~1.21---4
~
~~ 0
21.0

0. 8 ' - - - - 1 - - - - 1 - - - - - 1
0
0
TENSION

0.002
0.004
I
0.006
I
0.008
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

FIG. 3.028 EFFECT OF STRESS CONCEN-

STRAIN - IN PER IN TRATION FACTOR ON ROOM
FIG. 3.026 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN TEN- TEMPERATURE NOTCH TEN-
SION AT ROOM TEMPERATURE FOR SILE STRENGTii RATIO OF
ALLOY IN P, T4 AND T6 CONDITION ALLOY IN T4 AND T6 CONDI-
(11, p. 4.62-4.69) TION
(&, p.185)

CODE
l:.
'; MgC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\ ............ . .
35r-----~-----r----~----~------,
Mg-9Al-2Zn Mg-9AI-2Zn
40 l-4---+ -----+- SAND CAST
T6COND
aor-----~----+-----4-----4-----~

RT
2sr-----+-----~----~~---4----~
AZ92A

300 F
10 EXPOSURE----+~~~--------1
e 1/2 HR
400 F 0 100 HR
A 1000 HR

TENSION 0~~~~--~--~~--~
0 200 400 600 800
TEMP- F
0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST
STRAIN - IN PER IN TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROP-
FIG. 3. 0311 STRESS STRAIN CURVES AT ROOM AND ERTIES OF ALLOY INT6 CONDI-
ELEVATED TEMPERATURE OF ALLOY TION
(10)
INT6 CONDITION ( 11 , p. 4 69 _4 .?0)

Mg-9AI- 2Zn

100 200 300 400 500 600

TEMP- I'
FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPBR-
TIES OF ALLOY IN T5 AND T6 CONDITION
(8, p.175)
~'V

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

50
Mg-9Al-2Zn
SAND CAST TEST BAR
T6COND

AZ92A

IS

200 400 600

TEMP F
FIG. 3. 0321 EFFECT OF TEST TEM-
PERATURE ON SHEAR
STRENGTH OF ALLOY IN
T6 CONDmON
(13)

75 F
20
200F
12 300F

r:
.... 10
400F
500 F
600F
700F -~-
0-~~----~~------~~------~~------~
0.001 0.01 0.1 J.O 10
STRAIN RATE - IN PER IN PER MIN

FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND STRAIN RATE

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION
(12, Thi.IV)
Mg9AI-2Zn
80~~~~~--T~~~-4

c/0 2.0

30
0~--~2~00~---4~00~--~600"
TEMP F
FIG. 3.0322 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE
ON DEARING PROPERTIES OF ALLOY
INT6 CONDmON (l )
3

CODE 34031
 MgC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

30~------~------~------~-------,
Mg9AI2Zn MgYAI27.n
- ----~- --- T6 COND 2f! !---+----,,.r+--"""':"'r--.SAND CAST TEST IIJ\11
_,.... T6COND
2or=~~.~--~.---------~~~-~---_-r-------i

--- -r-- - ----

.................
"'....

-- -_::::-:.,-t-------t-=200::.::..:F:..__-1-
- AZ92A
10 -..::..~-- ---
8 - - ----+"'-""-.-:-_-~
..... r-- ..... ' -.
...... '
6~,---t--~,~~,----r----1

'...... i'.', 8 r--H'--+---!---+--,f-7!....:1-''--..,....~---1

4r---~+-~--1--'~~'~-r----i EX;:"OSED3 HR

, '''
PRiOR TO
..... ......
....... "' LOADING
1S SEC +llr---+-..-=--t-----1
i'.' '
SM!N
'
2r----~----~--'~,_~~,~~ - " - 1S MIN

- - l.Q%J
- - O.S%
TOTAL
STRAIN
'"' 400 F
.' ' ' ,
\
0
0 O.J.Xl4 0.008
I HR

0 0.004 0.008 0.012

- ---~~ \ STRAIN IN PER IN

~~------~------~----~------~ FIG. 3.044 ISOCHR;:NOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR ALLOY IN
~20 T6 CONDITION AT 300 AND 400 F
1--- -~ (IS)

1---

'' ' ' '\. SOOF

.
2~----~kl,-----~~--:..__, ______~

''
~~------~------~----~~----~
0.1 10 100 1000
TIME HR
FIG. 3. 041 CREEP CURVES OF ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION so
M;,:9Al2Zn
(8, p.l83)

40
NOTE: FATIGliE PROPERTIES NOT DHPENDEJirl'
.
0~
--
""' COi'IDITION
--
"-........._
__ r-----..
....

10
-- ---
-. . .....-- - 1-----
t- ~
--
- - - R R MOORE ROT BEAM R ~ 1, T6 COlON (10)
- - AXIAL LOADING R ~ 0. 2$ (8)
--REVERSE BENDING R ~ l.J.;.;~:t

NUMBEr: OF CYCLES
FIG. 3.051 SN CURVES FO!t E'ATIGUE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY
.(8, p.38) (10) (16)

CODE 34031
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

7
_I_ Mg9 AI2Z n
...... SAND CAST TE:ST liAR
6 r- - T6CO ND

~
AZ 92A
5 ~.
E ANDEc
\

3
l
I

I
"" ~ ......
2 1
0 H!o1 -'--
300 400 500
TEM P F
FIG. 3.061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT
ROOM AND ELEVA"rED
TEMPERATURES
(II, p. 4. 68)

REFERENCES
I AMS 4434 F, (Au,r. IS, 1958)
2 AMS 4453, (]an. :5, 1960)
3 AMS 4484 E, (Jan. 15, 1959)
4 The O,:w Chemical Co., Magncslu:n
L>eportment, ''Heat
Treat :ng o! Magnet:lum Sand and
PerrtJ~nent Mold Casti ngn",
Bulletin No. 141-3 5951 (1~57)
5 Brooks, M. E., The Dow Chemir.al
C:n., Personal Com
munl cation , Qu!v 18, 1961)
6 ASM Meta ls Handbook, "Prof ;enle
s and Selection of Meta ls",
Vol. I, 8th Edition (1961)
7 The De-;, Meta ls Produ cts Co., Magn
esium Technical Ser-
vlce and Development, "Eiec trlcal
and Therm al Prop enies
of Magnesium and Magnesium AIIO'j
A", Lette r Enclo sure,
Code 2.51 HB, (Oct. 23, 1959)
8 The Dow Chem ical Co., Magnesium
Depa nmen t, "Mag ne-
sium Desig n", Bulletin Form i'<>
14191-57,(1957)
9 The Dow Chem ical Co., Magnesium
Depa rtmen t, "Mag ne-
sium Alloys and Produ cts", Bulle
tin Form No. 141-9 658,
(1958)
10 Alcoa Rese arch Labo rator ies, "Mec
hanical Prop enies at
Vario us Temp eratu res of AZ 92
A-T6 Sanci Casti ngs",
Olta Sheet , (Aug. 29, 1957)
11 "Stre ngth o! Metal Aircr aft Elem
ents" , Supply and Logl s
tics Handbook, BMI. MILHDBK
12 -5, (Dec. 30, 1958)
The Dow Chem ical Co., Magnesium
Technical Servi ce and
Development, "Effe ct of Testi ng
Speed and Temp eratu re on
the Mechanical Prop erties o! Slme
Magnesium Alloys",
Lette r Enclo sure, Cude 2.52, Qune
8, 1959}
13 The Dow Olem ical Co., Magnesium
Technical Servi ce ar.d
Development, "Shea r, Beari ng and
Hard ness Data for Cast
Alloy s", Lette r Enclo sure, Code
The Dow Chem ical Co., Magnesium WB. (Feb. 11, 1957)
14
2. 32
Technical Servi ce aoo
Development, "Heat Tran sfer Char
acter !t,tic s o! Magn e
sium Alloy s", Lette r Enclo sure,
Code 2.A(, HB, {l'eb.2-'.
1959)
15 The Dow Chem ical Co., Magnesium
Technical Servl o: alld
Development, "Isoc hrono us Stres
s-Str ain Curv es o! Mag-
nesium Casti ng Alloy s", Lette r
Enclo sure, Code 1. t HB,
(Oct. 31, 1958)
16 The Dow Chem ical Co., Unpublishe
d Olta Sheet ROO/wu,
(May 20, 1958)

CODE 340 3
PAGE 8
 REVISED DECEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AUTHOR J. R. KATTUS

1. GENERAL 1..09 Special Considerations

This beat treatable magnesium casting alloy, which Is 1.091
normally used In the T5 (artificially aged) condition, has
only moderate room temperature strength In comparison 1.092
with olher magnesium alloys, and its elevated tempera-
ture strength is not as high as those or the thorium-con- 1.093
talnlng alloys or or the silver-bearing alloy, QE22A.
Nevertheless, because of its reasonably good elevated
temperature strengt't, relatively low cost, good foundry
characteristics, strength stability, excellent pressure
tightness, uniformity or properties In heavy sections,
and weldablllty, it Is an excellent alloy for aerospace and 1.095
other lll,>plicaUons In the temperature range 300 to 5001'.
EZ33A Is also produced tn the form of w;;lding wires and
electrodes, and is the recommended filler metal for
welding magnesium alloys "or elevated-temperature ap-
plications.
EZ33A castings tenrl to grow slightly with Increasing
holding times at elevated temperatures. Mg
Dimensional changes In castings at clevated tempera-
tures, Figure 1. 092.
3 RE
This alloy has excellent ual!ormlty of properties through-
2.5 Zn
out cast sections (11).
It Is essential that contamination with aluminum, Iron, 0.6 Zr
manganese, or silicon be prevented, as these elements
prevent zirconium from performing Its desired grain-
refining function (11). EZ33A
The mechanical properlles of this alloy arc some~hnt
unstable at temperatures of 400F and above. Long ex-
posures at these temperatures cr.use significant In-
creases In strength and decreases In ductility at room
temperature (see Figure 3.0214).

1.01 Commercial Designation 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEI\fiCAL PROPERTIES

EZ33A.
2.01 Titermal Properties
1.02 Alternate Designations 2.011 Molting range. 1010 to 1189F (13),
EZ33 and ZRE1 (British). 2.012 Phru~e changes. ln the as-cast condition, a complex
compound network, In which all of lngrt'dlents have not
1.03 Specl!lcatlons been Identified, forms at the grntn boundaries. The
Table 1.03. artificial aging (T5) treatment converts this network Into
a eutectic In which the major compound is Mg9Ce (6)(14).
1.04 Composition 2.0121 Time- temperature-transfor mation diagrams.
Table 1.04. Z.013 Thermal conductivity, Figure 2.013.
2.014 Thermal expansion. 14.7-14.8 x 10- 6 perF from G8
1.05 Heat Treatment to 392F (13).
1.051 T5 condition, first alternate: age as-cast material (F 2.015 Specific heat. 0. 25 Btu per (lb F) at 68F (15).
condition) 2 hours at 640 to 660 F plus 5 hours at 410 to 2.016 Thermal. d!Cfusivlty. T5 condition, 2.13 sq !t per hr at
430F, air cool (6J. 68F (16).
1.052 T5 condition, secoo.d alternate: a!,'C as-cast material
12 hours at 340 to 360 F, alr cool (7). 2.02 Other Physical Properties
1.053 T5 condition, third alternate: age as-cast material 5 2.021 Density. 0.0660 lb per cu In (13).
hours at 410 to 430F, alr cool (7). 2.022 Electrical properties, Table 2. 022.
1.054 Thermal treatm~nt alter welding the alloy In either the 2.023 Magnetic properties. Non-magnetic.
F (as-cast) or Tfo condition: age 2 hours at 640 to 660 F 2.024 Emittance (sec ZK60A, Code 3506, Figure 2. 0241).
plus 5 hoUI'i at .ao to 430 F, air cool; or 5 hours at 420 2.025 Damping capaelty. At a stress equal to 0.1 Fty the
to 430 F, nlr <O<l. These treatments provide the T5 specific damping capacity or EZ33A-T5 Is 4.5, which Is
temper (7)(8). a medium level compared with other magnesium alloys
1.055 Stress relief: <'<>lief of residual stress in EZ33A ill (17).
aecompllshed by any or the T5 treatments (7).
2.03 Chemical Properties
2.031 Corrosion resistance.
1.06 H1<rdness 2.0311 E7..33A, like olhcr magnesium alloys, Is subject to gener-
1.061 Brlnell hardness for T5 condition: 48-60 using 500 o<g al and pitting corrosion In tmlnslrlal, marine, and
load and 10 mm ball or 1000 kg load and 0/16 In ball, moist environments. !ts susceptiblllty to stress corro-
or 57-72 using 1000 kg load and 10 mm ball (2). sion Is relatively low. With suitable surface treatment
1.062 Rockwell E hnrdl\llss !or T5 condition: 59 (9). ard painting, It performs satisfactorily In all types of
natural cnvl ronmcnts with the exception of continuous
l. 07 Forms and Conditions Available Immersion In water (18).
1.071 Castings: Produ~ed primarily as sand ca11Ungs, and to 2.0312 Fer a dlscus;lon of galvanic corrosion sec AZ31B, Code
a limited extent as permanent mol<i and Investment cast- 3601, Section 2. 0312.
Ings; all of these products arc normnlly used in the T5 Safety precautions should be directed to the prevention
(artificially aged) condition. of fires, hums, and explosions (see l!Z32A, Code 3408,
1.072 Welding rods: straight rods ln 12, 18, and 36 lncl: SL'Ction ~. 032).
lengths and In 1/16 Inch through 3/16 Inch diameters (B).
1.073 Welding wires and electrodes: continuoUR ~oils, weigh- 2. 04 Nuclear ProrcrllcH
Ing apprm<lmntcly 7 pounds and In diameters from 0.040 Tho large nuclear cross section of rare earths makes this
Inch to 1/8 Inch (8). alloy ur.sultllblc for reactor equipment where low cross
section I dcn~re<l.
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
EZ33A Is melted and cast similarly to other zirconium
containing mngncshlm casting alloys (sec HZ32A, Code 3. MECHANICAL PHOPEHT!ES
3408, Section 1.08). The rare earths nrc introduced
Into the melt as a rare- earth mixture known as mlsch- 3.01 Specified lllechanicnl Properties
mctal. This Is added in the same mrmncr as zinc. Al- Table 3.01.
though zinc losses arc negligible for each melting cycle,
a lose 'lf about one-fourth percent (of total molt weight) 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Hoom Temperature
or rare earths Is typical although this will vary with 3.021 Tension.
local foundry conditions. A special crucible nux con- 3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams (sec Figure 3.03111).
taining no magnesium chloride should be used because 3.0212 Tcnoile properties of sand-ens! tc~t hl!rs and production
magnesium chloride In the normal c ruclble flux will com- castings, Table 3.0212.
bine with rare carU1s to form rare-earth chloride, which 3.0213 Tensile properties or Investment cut toRt bars with dlf-
will settle out of the melt and thus decrease U1e alloying fcr<mt pouring teruperatures and mold temperatures,
cfflr.lcncy(10). Tah!c 3. 0213.
 ~ NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED DECEMBER 1971
l1
1
!
3.021-i Effect oC exposures at elevated temperatures on tensile 4.03 Welding

I! 3
Mg
RE
3.0215

3.022
pl'<'perties at room temperature, Figure 3.0214.
Effect o( end chill on tensile properties o( sand-cast
plates or two d!Uerent thickneses, Figure 3.0215.
Compression. Typical (or sand-cast test bars In T5
4.031 EZ33A has excellent weldabillty by gas-tungsten-arc and
gas-metal-arc techniques with either helium or argon
gas shielding. AZ92A or AZ61A filler metal should be
used when iolnlng EZ33A to the aluminum-containing
2.5 Zn condition, Fey"' 15 ksi (16). magnesium a:!Joys(AZ series), but EZ33A IDler metal
3.0221 Stress-st:raln diagrams. should be used (or joints with all other magnesium alloy&
0.6 Zr 3.023
.....__ _ ___,3.024
Impact (see Figure 3.0331). Generally, peheaUng Is not ncce~aary, but Cor tbln and
Bending complex sections, preheating up to about 500 F can be
3.025 Torsio11 and shear. Typical (or sand-cast test bars In used to minimize the possibility of diotortlon. Post heal
EZ33A T5 condition, Fsu =22 ksi (6)(see also Figure 3.0351). treatment In accordance with sections 1.054 Is required
3.026 Bearing. Typical for sand-cast test specimens In T5 to develop optimum strength (T5 condition) In the welded
Condition and with edge distance to diameter ratio o 2.5, area o( EZ33A castings. Uiu> weldil\g Is not recommend-
Fbru = 57 ksl aud Fbry = 40 ksi (6)(see also Figure ed (8).
3.0361). 4.032 Effect' o! low temperatures on tensue properties or Wtld
3.027 Stress concentration. metal depOsited by inert-gas-shielded metal-arc process,
:!.0271 Notch properties. Figure 4. 032.
3.0272 l't'aeture toughness.
3.028 Con~ined properties. 4.04 SUrlncc Treatment
For a discussion of various sur(acc treatments that can
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures be applied for corrosion protection see H Z32A, Code
3.031 Tension. 34.18, Sections 4.041, 4.042, and 4.043.
3.0311 Stress-straln diagrams.
3.03111 Stress-straln curves at room and elevated temperatures,
Figure 3. 03111.
3.0312 Elevated temperature tensile properties alter various
P.xposure times attest temperature, Figure 3. 0312.
3. 0313 Effect of low temperatures on tensile properties, Figure
:1.0313.
3.0314 \'.~eel ci temperature and st.raln rate on tensile proper-
lies, Fil!~re 3. 0314.
3.032 Comprcsuion.
3.0321 Stress-strain diagrams.
3.033 Impact.
3.0331 Effect of low temperatures on Charpy Impact properties,
Figure 3. 0331.
3.034 Bending.
3.035 Torsion and shear.
3.0351 ECCect o( temperature on shear strength, Figure 3.0351.
3.036 Bearing.
3.0361 Effect o( temperature on bearing properties, Figure
3.0361.
3.037 Stress concentration.
3.0371 Notch properties.
3. 0372 Fracture toughness.
3.038 Combined properties. TABLE 1 03
Alloy EZ33A
3.04 Creep and Creep RueLurc Properties Source (1)
3.041 Isochronous stress-straln curves at 400 and 500 F, Forms Specifications
Figure 3.041. AMS 4442B
3.042 Isochronous stress-straln curves at GOO, 700, and 800F, ASTM BS0-69
Figure 3. 04~. Sand Castings Federal QQ-M-56b
3.043 Total creep strain curves, Figure 3.0-t3. SAE 506
3.044 Effect o( exposure time at test temperature prior to ASTM Bl99-G8
loading on 100 hour crocp strength, Hgure 3.044. Permanent Mold
Federal QQ- M-55b
Castings
SAE 506
3.05 Fatigue Properties mvestmentCastlngs ASTM B403-67
3.051 Fatigue properties of sr.nd-casl test br!.rs, Figure 3.051. AMS4396A
Welding Rods AWS A5. 19-69
3.06 Elastic Properties and Electrodes MIL-R-6944B
3.061 Poisson's ratlo. 0.35 (~0), ASTM B448-66T
3.062 Modulus of elasticity.
3.0621 Modulus of elasticity at room and elevated temperatures,
Figure 3. 0621.
3.063 Modulus of rigidity, 2.4 x 103 ksl (20).

4. FABRICA'.nON

4. 01 FormahllUy

4.02 Mach1nln1: and Grinding

4.021 'This alloy, like other magnesium alloys, has exception-
ally good machlnahWty, which enables It to be machined
at high spci!ds and feeds. For further details sec H Z32A,
Code 3408, Section 4. 021.
4.022 The alloy can be chcm-milled with stlfurlc, nitric, or .,_
hydrochlo:rlc acid of 5 percent strength or greater (29).
:;
'.
'
70
EZ33A _I_
M~
~
CASTlNGS
T5 CONDI'nON
/ 3 RE

Alloy
TABLE 1 04
EZ33A
......v'
/ v 2.5
0.6

EZ33A
Zn
Zr

Source (2) (3)(4)(5)

Percent Percent
Element min max min max 100 200 300 400 500
Cerium (total rare earths) 2.5 4.0 2.5 4.0 TEMPERATURE- F
Zinc 2.0 3.1 2.0 3.1
Zirconium, total 0.40 1.0 0.50 1.0 FIG. 2.013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY. (13)
Zirconium, soluble
Copper
0.40
0.10 --
- -
-
0.10
-
Nickel 0.01 -
0.01
Other impurities, total
Magnesium
0.30
Balance
-
Balance
-
0.30

Soluble zirconium Is that pcrtion of the zirconium Ulat is soluble

in 1:4 hydrochloric acid held below its boiling pcint.

TABLE 2 022 .
Alloy EZ33A
Cond!Uon T5
Source /13
F.lcctrical Conductivity Electrical
Temperature Resistivity
F Percent lACS Me1m1hos per in3 microhm in
68 24.6 0.362 2.76
100 23.7 0.348 2.88
200 21.0 0.309 3.24
300 18.7 0.276 3.62
400 16.3 0.240 4.17
500 15.0 0.221 4.53

0.020r----.------~r----.-------.-----T--------~--~
EZ33A
SAND CAST
e T5 CONDITION
0.018 A AS CAST -----j---j.------J-- ----,:6111;:::...

...
ffi
M0.016r---+----t-~~- ~--~---4---~--~
t.l
0.
I
:::
!; 0.014j---j-~L-~,_L--f---:::~~--~--~~-l

~:::
;a o. 012hf-..Y.-"7'><q--::;ji~::;;...--d-'lr--.l.-oe:::::::.:.-+--
~

0 " 008 ~---71o~----~~---1~o~o------~----1

o~o-o------~--1-o-J,ooo
TIME- HOURS

FlG. 1.092 DIMENSIONAL CHANGES lN CASTlNGS AT ELEVATED TEMI"-

ERATURES. (9)

II"\ '1ft"" n-11'-. - IC!'6 1 - - 1'-- CODE 7.4n4

 TABLE 3 01 \.._)
Alloy EZ33A
Mg T5
Condition
(2) (4) (5)
3 RE Source
Investment
Type Casting Sand Permanent Mold
2.5 Zn Ftu Fty () Ftu Fty e Ftu Fty e
Temp kni ksl (21n) ksi ksl (2 In) ksl ksl (2 In)
0.6 Zr Specimen F min min min min min min min min min
Separately cast Room 20.0 14.0 2 20.0 14.0 2 20.0 14.0 2

EZ33A
500 13.0 8.0 - - - - - - -
Cut from casting
single Room 13.0 11.0 - - -- - -- - -
-
averab'll 1 or more Room 15.0 12.5 1 - - -
singlo 500 10.0 6.0 -
Brinell Hardnesu
- - - - - -
All sand castings min max
500 kg load and 10 mm ball 48 60 - - - - -- --
1000 kg load and 9/16 in ball 48 (;0 -- - - -
1000 kg load and 10 mm ball 57 72 - - - - -

28
E7..33A J
SAND-CAST TEST! BARS
J
T5 CONDITION
26
!

I~
FTU

24
TABLE 3 0212
Alloy EZ33A
Condition T5 e 400F EXPOSURES
Source (9) 22 A 500 F EXPOSURES
Form Ftu- ksl Fty- ksl e(2 in) a 600 F EXPOSURES
jSeparate sand-cast
test bars 23 15 3 ~
Production castings 19.8 14.3 2.5 _I 20 '

-- ---
Averages fl'om 166 test bars machined from sand
cn.sUngs of four configurations. .,/ FTY
!-- --
18
-
16

2~ -
e(2 IN)

I
Alloy
Condition
Source
Form
TABLE 3 0215
EZ33A
T5
(19)
Separate Investment cast test bars
RnnRe of Properties
0
0 "" 1000 2000 300<)
EXPOSURE TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF EXPOSURES AT ELEVATED

4000 5000

Pouring Mold No. o Ftu- ksi Fw- ksl e (21n) TEMPERATURE S ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
Temp- F Tcmp-F Tests min max min mnx min max AT ROOM TEMPERATURe . (20)
'iO 9 22.3 26.7 15.8 18.7 4 5
1250 400 9 23.8 25.1 14.9 17.3 4 5
650 9 25.3 26.0 15.1 17.8 6 7
70 12 25.0 26.0 14.7 17.5 4 5
1350 400 12 25.5 26.9 16.5 17.3 4 6
650 5 23.0 24.3 15.1 15.6 4 5
70 8 25.5 26.6 15.7 16.8 5 6
1450 4.00 8 24.6 25.5 16.2 17.9 5 7
650 8 22.3 24.0 14.3 15.5 4 5
 t<t:. VISED DECEMBER 1971 -;: ,-
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

30
EZ33A .t
SAND CASTINGS EZ33A
251-----+---1----+
25 ~ FTU T5 CONDITION - SAND-CAST TEST BARS Mg
;::::::::
T5 CONDITION
.......... _. 3 RE
.....
--
~

2.5 Zn
_ e 1 INCH TillCK CASTING
A 2 INCH TlUCK CASTING 0.6 z,.
t:.... FTY EZ33A
15

10
6
.-......... e(2 IN)

~K
5 1----
-~.-1~0~MlNU~~T~E~EX~PO~S~UR~E~S~~-
--~
r- A 100 HOUR EXPOSURES

"':--,.._ A 1000 HOUR EXPOSURES

I
2
0 1 2 3 4
DISTANCE FROM CillL L- INCHES

FIG. 3.021 5 EFFE CT OF END CHILL

ON TENS ILE
PROP E!lTIE S OF SAND -CAST PLAT
ES
OF TWO DIFFE RENT THICKNESSES.
(21)

100 200 300 400 500 600

TEMP ERAT URE- F
FIG. 3.031 2 ELEV ATED TEMP ERAT
URE TENS ILE PROP FRTIE S
AFTE R VARIOUS EXPOSURE TIMES
AT TEST TEMP -
ERAT URES .
~ ~o)

35
EZ33A .! l

---
SAND -CAST TEST BARS
T5 CONDITION
30
"'
~
25
r-- - ,.._
FTU
-
~
20

15
--- 1--- -4
FTY
-
10
10

z~E-o
=5
0
~
.,.-
"' e(2 rn) _. ~ v
0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010
0
-
STRA IN- INCH PER INCH -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
TEMP ERAT URE- F
FIG. 3.0311 1 STRES&-STRAIN CURV
ES AT ROOM AND F:LEVATED
TEMP ERAT URES . FIG. 3.031 3 EFFE CT OF II)W TEMP
(~)
ERAT URES ON
TENS ILE PROP ERTIE S.
(22)
 30
Mg
40
3 RE EZ33A .J.
2.5 Zn 20- SAND CAST TEST BARS
,
"':.:: T5 CONDITION
0.6 Zr I
::>
rt"
10 ~ 20 ...
~

-~
Fsu
0
STRAIN RATE
0
0.050} 0 200 400 600
0 0.50 IN PER IN PER MIN
TEMPERATURE- F
ll. 5.0

400 600 FIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON SHEAR STRENGTH.

TEMPERATURE- F (24)

FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND STRAIN RATE

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES. (23)

\ ....... ~.

6
EZ33A I I_
SAND- CAST TEST BARS
T5 CON~ITION I I 60~--------~----------~----------~--~

v
5
...L EZ33A

~~
SAND CAST TEST BARS
1)10mm / T5 CONDITION
4
r- t-s5 m~f!: / l!"snu

40r---~~---+-----------t--~~-----r----;
UNNOTCHED
!il
:.::

IE CLRPY
c/D= 2 TOB
2
20L---------~----------~-------~~-----1
0 200 400
TEMPERATURE- F
1
V-NOTCH ... FIG. 3.0361 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON BEARING PROP..
ERTIES. (24)

0
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURES ON

CRARPY lMPACT PROPERTIES. (22)

CODE 3404
C 1971, Bellour Btulen, Inc.
REVISED DECEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

4H-----t-----1------r---- -tr----1------t-----t-----;
400F 500F

0
~o----~o-.8-----1~.-6----2-.~4----~o------o~.8------1~.6-----2~.-4----3~.2
STRAIN- PERCENT

FIG. 3.041 ISOCHRONOUS STRES5-STRAIN CURVES AT 400 AND 500F. (9)

E7..33A
- 1 - - - - l - - - - t - - t - - - - t - - - + - - - - l - - t - - - - + - SAND-CAST TEST
BARS
T5 CONDITION

GOOF

O~---~----~------~-L-----~----~----~-~----~------~~1~0~11~~
0 0.8 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 1.6 2.4 0 O.R 1.6 2.4
STRAIN- PERCENT

FIG. 3.042 ISOCHRONOUS STRES5-STRAIN CURVES AT 600, 700, AND BOOF. (9)
 - - '' ' - - - r""\.._.._,_, IV m:. Vli:II:.LI' UI:.\,I:.MCII:.n: 1;, f I

Mg EZ33A I
SAND CAST TEST BARS
J. I
3 RE 20
T5 CONpiTION T
1-1.0 PERCE T TOTAL EXTENSION
2.5 Zn
0.6 Zr
10

5
I
0.1 PERCE!:({.
0.2
/I
,l \_
PER,EJI.~
7
-<o.s P RC NT
-
EZ33A 400F
1
20
- 1.0 PERCENT

- - r==::::::: vt--
10
O.SPERCV
5
1--t---.... --..:::::: :--
fiJ
:.:
0.1 PERCENT
500F
0.2 rERC;;:r- I-- r-:::::::: ::::::
1
15
10
_:;::::::-_ 1.0 PERCE T
5 ......_ - ~;..:::::: 0.5 PERCENT

---:::: :::::::% ::::~

0.1 PERICE~ ~
1 f--GOOF

0.1 1 10
EXPOSURE TIME- HOURS
-
100 - 1000

FIG. 3.043 TOTAL CREEP STRAIN CURVES. (9) 20

EZ33A

15 1--l,...,.,,..:>i;:=.., .,....,,----ROTATI NG BEAM: R =-1, A a 00--f--1

MACffiNED SPECIMENS

10

!il
~
I

"'"' 5
""=
1;; 20
:<!
EZ33A JI T a
:::;
REPEATED FLEXURE, R = -1, A =o0
SAND CAST TEST BARS
T5 CONDITION I ...~ 15
12 l - 0 . 5 PERCENT TOTAL EXTENSION
10
0.2 PER-CENT
8 10
6 1-- o.! PE~CENT ( )
AS-CAST SPECIMEN, Kt = 1
4 400F
6 5
0.5 PERCENT
10 5 10 6 10 7
4 0.2 PERCENT CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.051 FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF SANJ>.CAST TEST BARS, (25)(26)(27)

0.1 PERCENT
2 500F
4
GOOF 0.1 PERCENT
0.2 PERCENT7
2
0.5 PERCENT
71
7 /
7
1
0.1 1 10 100 1000
EXPOSURE TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.044 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TIME AT TEST TEMPERA-

TURE PRIOR TO LOADING ON 100 HOUR CREEP
STRENGTH. (9)

CODE ~404
 -::~-

REVISED: DECEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

8r----------, ----------.-- --------, 2. AlliS 4442B, Sand Castings (1\lay 1, 1968).

EZ33A
3-.-. ASTM BB0-68, Magnesium Alloy Sand Cnstings (1968).
SAND CAST TEST BARS
4. ASTI\1 Bl99-68, Magnesium Alloy Permanent Mold Cast- Mg
T5 CONDITION
Ings (1968).
5. ASTM B403-67, Magnesium Alloy Investment Castings 3 RE
(lP-57).
6. "Heat Treating Sand and Permanent Mold Magnesium
2.5 Zn
Castings," D:>w Chemical Company, Metal Products 0.6 Zr
Dcpartraent, Form No. 141-35-68 (1968).
7. "Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloys, " ASM Metals
E STATIC
Handbook, Volume 2, 8th edition, pp. 292-297 (1964). EZ33A
a. "Arc Welding Magnesium," Dow Chemical Company,
Metal Products Department, Form 141-300-67 (1967).
9. "Room and Elevated Temperature Properties of Magne-
4L---------~----------~--------~ sium Casting Alloys," Dow Chemical Company, Metal
0 200 400 GOO Products Department, Form 141-176-GM-258 (1959).
TEMPERATURE- F
10. "Recommended Practices for Sand Casting Aluminum and
FIG. 3.0621 MODULUS OF ELASTIC.1TY AT ROOM AND Magnesium Alloys," book published by American Foun-
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. drymen's Society, second edition, Chapter 10, pp. 63-68
(28)
(1965).
ll. Couture, A., and 1\lcier, J. W., "The Effects of Test
Bar Variables on the Tensile Properties of Magnesium
Cnsting Alloys," Jr of Materials, Volume 1, p. 837
(December 1966).
12. "Crucible Melting of Magnesium Alloys,'' D:>w Chemical
Company, Magnesium Sales Department, Bulletlng No.
EZ33A 181-27.
13. "Physical Properties of Magnesium and Magnesium
Alloys," Dow Chemical Company, Metal Products Dcpar~
mcnt, Code 2.51, (AprillO, 1967).
14. Holdeman, G. E., "Metallography in the Magnesium
Foundry," Transactions AFS, Volume 64, pp. 698-708
(1956).
15. "Properties of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys,"
ASM Metals llandf>ook, Volume 1, 8th edition, pp. 1095-
1112 (1961).
16. "Shop Guide for Elevated Temperature Magnesium Al-
loys," Dow Chemical Company, Magnesium Department,
Bulletin No. 141-204 (March 1959).
17. Jensen, J. W., "Damping Capacity- Causes and Effects,"
Ught Metal Age, Volume 22, pp. 4-8 (December 1964).
18. "The Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals
Handbook, Volume 1, 8th edition, pp. 1086-1094 (1961).
DATA DETERMINED ON SPECIMENS CUT 19. Pcllegrlm, c. J., "Investment Cast Zlrconlum-Bc<Lrlng
15 FROl\1 WELD DEPOSITS 1/4 INCH TIIICK Magnesium Base Alloys," AFS Trans:Lctlons, Volume 70,
BY 1/2. INCH WIDE BY SEVERAL INCHES pp. 1229-1234 (1962).
LONG I 20. "Magnesium Design," Dow Chemical Company, Magne-
sium Department, Form No. 141-91-457 (1957).
lor-----~----~------+------+----~ 21. Lagowskl, B., and Moler, J. W., "Premium Strength In
Sand Cast Magnesium Alloys," AFS Transactions,
Volume 72, pp. 673-685 (1964).
22. Reed, H. P., Ml~csoll, R. P., and Greeson, ll. "L.,
"Some Mechanical Properties of Ma!,'l!Cslum Alloys at
Low Temperatures," ASTM STP No. 287, pp. 61-73
(1961).
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 23. "Effect of Testing Speed and Temperature on the Mechan-
TEMPERATURE- F Ical Properties of Some Magnesium Alloys," D:>w Chemi-
cal Company, Metal Products Department, Code 2.52
FIG. 4.032 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURES ON TEN- (June 8, 1959).
SILE PHOPERTIES OF WELD META!. DEPOSI- 24. "Shear, Bearing, and Hardness Data for Cast Alloys,"
TED BY INEHT-GA8-SIIIELDED METAL-AHC D:>w Chemical Company, Metal Products Department
PROCESS. (30) (May 20, 1958).
25. Buckelew, 11. c., "Magnesium Alloy usc Cuts Aircraft
Wheel Cost, Welgbt," SAE Jr., Volume 72, pp. 90-94
(Aprlll964).
26. "Data Sheet on Fatigue Properties," Dow Chemical
Company, Metal Products Department (May 20, 1958).
27. "Alcoa nata Sheet on EZ33A-T5," Aluminum Company of
America (August 29, 1957).
28. Fenn, II. W., Jr., "Young's Modulus of Magnesium Al-
loys as a Function of Tcmperutur" and Metallurgical
Variables," ASTIII Proceedings, Volume 58, pp. 826-
837 (1958).
REFERENCES 29. Design, hooklet published by Magnesium Elektron Ltd.,
1270 Avenue of the Americas, New York City 10020.
1. "Digest of Specifications for Magnesium Products- 30. Fenn, II. W., Jr., and Lockwood, L. ~-., "Low Temp-
1970," Form No. 141-138-70, The D:>w Chemical erature Properties of Welded Magnesium Alloys," Weld-
Company, 1\Udland, 1\!Jchlgan (1970). Ing Jr., Volume 39, pp. 3528-361S (1960).
REVI SED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL 2.032 Oxidation resistance, same as AZ 31 B.

ZK 51 A Is used for sand castings possessing high strength
and good ductility. It Is recommended for small or relative- 2.04
Mg
ly simple, highly stressed parts of uniform cross section. 4.5 Zn
This alloy is used In the T5 Condition which requires only 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
a low temperature artificial aging. It has llmlted'weldablll 0.7 Zr
ty, (3, p. 1102). 3.01 ~ed Mechanical Properties.
3.0ll AMS specUled minimum mechanical properties, Table 3.011.zK 51 A
1.01 Commercial Designation. ZK 51 A.
TARI.I>~nlt
1. 02 Alternate Designation Soorce AMS I
Allov M~>4.SZn-O. 7Zr
1.03 Specifications~ Table 1.03. Sand Sand Sand
For111.
casting (a) casting (b) test bars
Condition T5
AMS F tu' mlnks 29 24 34
ASTM
4443 A F , mlnks 17 14 20
B8056T
e(J4o)m In percen 2 - 5(d)
~~dness, _ ~"
1.04 Compos!.!!!!!!,_ Table 1. 04.
551<'1 S51cl
-
(a) Specimens from castings, AMS re~ommends nbt less than
-
4 and preferably 10 specimens, values are averages.
(b) lndlvithwl apeclncno from caotings.
(c) 500 icg load and 10 mm ball.
TABLE 1.04 (d) e(2 In).
Source AMS (1)
Pt.!rcent
Min Max 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
CopP.,r - 0.10 3. 021 Typical mechanical properties, Table 3. 021
Nickel - 0.01
Zinc 3.60 5.50
Zirconium, total 0.50 1.00
Zirconium, soluble
Other Impurities, total
0.50
- 0.30
- Source
TABLE 3 021
4 n.23
Ma~meslum Balance Allov Ma-4.5ZnO. 7Zr
o. OS to 0.10 percent Insoluble Zr normal (2) Condition TS
Ftu typ - ksl 40
Fty, typ - ksl 26
1. OS Heat Treatment e(2 In) typ-percent 8
1.051 Age. From as-cast toTS Condition, 12 hr at 340 to 360 F, Fey. typ - ksl 26
(3, p. 11 03). Fsu. typ - ksl 22
Fbru typ - ksl 72
1. 06 Hardenablllty Fbry typ - ksl 47
Hardness
I. 07 Forms aod Conditions Available. BHN, typ 6S
1. 071 ~tlngs In TS Condition. RE, typ 77

I. 08 Melting and Casting Practice.

1.081 This alloy requires special handling and procedures. Use
suff1clent nux to control oxidation, (3, p.1103). Casting tem-
perature 1300 to JSSO F. 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
3.031 Elevated temperature tensile properties
1.09 Special Considerations. 3.0311 Effect of elevated temperature on tensile properties of alloy
1.091 Avoid contamination with aluminum during melting. In TS Condition, Fig. 3. 0311.
3.0312 Effects of test temperature and strain rate on tensile pro -
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES pertl~s of sand cast test bars In TS Condition, Fig. 3.0312.

2.01 Thermal Properties 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Propertle~

2.011 Melting range. Solidus temperature 1020 F, Liquidus tern 3.041 Total strain curves for alloy In TS Condition at 200 and 400F,
perature 1!2S F, (3, p. 1103). Fig. 3.041.
2.012 Pnase changes. None. 3.042 Total strain curves for alloy In TS Condition at 300 F,
2.013 Thermal conductivity, Fig. 2. 0!3. _ Fig. 3.042.
2.014 Thermal expansion. At 68 F, 14.5 x 10 6In per In per F,
(3, p. 1102). 3.05 Fatigue Properties
2.0JS Specific heat. At 68 F, 0. 244 Btu per lb F, (3, p.JJ02).
2.016 Latent heat of fusion, 76 Cal per gr or 137 Btu per lb, 3.05 Elastic Properties
(3,p.1102). 3.061 Moclulus of elallllclty. 6, SOO ksl, (S, p.4.107).
2.017 Effect of test temperature on emissivity of magnesium al- 3.0611 Static compression r :'Xlulus. 6, SOO ksl, (S, p. 4. 107).
loys, Fig. 2.017. 3.0612 Modulus of rlgldlty. 2, 400 ksl, (S, p. 4. 107).
3.062 Polsso.1's ratio. 0. 3S, (4, p. 26).
2.02 Other Physical Properties
2.021 Density. At68 F, 0.0656lb per cu ln. 1.81 gr per cu em, 4. FABRICATION
(3, p. 1102).
2.022 Electrical resistivity, Fig. 2. 022. 4.01 Forming and Casting
2.023 Magnetic properties. Nonmagnetic. 4.011 casting temperature. 1300 to 1SSO F. (3, p.1103).
4.012 Casting design. When this alloy Is used for highly stressed
2.03 Chemical Propenles parts, casting design should be simple, with uniform cross
2.031 Corrosion resistance, same as AZ 31 B. sectlo01s, (4, p. 53).

CODE 3405
PAGE
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REV I SED MARCH 1963

4.02 Machining 5
Mg 4.021 Magnesiwn and Magnesiwn alloys have. excellent machin- Mg-4. SZn-0. 1ir
ability and can be machined at higher speeds and greater TSCOND
4.5 Zn economy than most common metals, (3, p.1084X4, p. 7).
0.7 Zr 4.03
4.031
Welding
This alloy hss limited weldablllty. Where welding must be ____, l.--"
~
performed, use Hellwn or Argon gas met~ods with EZ 33 A
ZK51A or ZK 51 A welding rod and stress relleve,(3, p. 1103). -

4.04 Heating and Heat Treating . . J-

4.05 Surface Treating. See AZ 63 A. 2
0
I
100 200 300 500
TBMP- F
FIG. 2.022 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY
(6, tbl. IV)

Mg4. 5Zn-o. 7ZJ

v
T5 COND

/
v
v
/

/ THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
62 !CALCULATED PROM ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY)
0 100 200 300 400 500
TBMP P
PIG. 2. 013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
(6,tbi. V)

Mg~. SZn.O. 1'zr

40 TSCOND

""
Mg-4.5Zn-O. 7Zr

~
0.20
e AS RECEIVED
CLEAN AND SM<>O'Itl 30

~~ ~
A POLISHED
.....
0.18
....- FTU

/ 20
~ ~
i: 0.16
~
v I / 10
~ ~ ........
~ 0.1 4 / ./" ~
/"' v
v !;! 20
0

...
--
0.1 2
Ul ,..- ...
tJ
~
~
a:
!:! 0
n 100 200 300 400 500 600
0.1 0
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 TBMP - F
TBMP- I'
FIG. 3.0311 EFFECT OF ELEVATBDTBMPBRATURE ON TENSILE
FIG. 2.017 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON EMISSIVITY P'ttOPERTIBS OF ALLOY IN T5 CONDffiON
OF MAGNESIUM ALLOYS (8, Exhibit A) (3, p. 1103)

CODE 3405
PAGE 2
 Mgc
REVISEDMARC H 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Mg-4.5Zn-o. 7Zr
40 20
,.. __ Mg-4. !;Zo-o. 7Zr Mg

----- ------
SAND CAST TEST BARS T5COND
T5COND 4.5 Zn
30~
1.0
~---
1--.
...__ 0.7 Zr

---- - - --
::J

20 rt'
8
300F -... ZK51A
i2 6
.... r-......_
10 .. -
-----1.0%}
- - - --0.5% TOTAL STRAIN
0
2
----O.l'X, -f
I 10 100 1000
TIME HR
FIG. 3.042 TCYrAL STRAIN CURVES FOR ALLOY IN
0 T5 CONDmON AT 300 P
(3,p.1103)
0 o~----~----~--
--~~~----400~----~500~--~~~
TEMP - P
PIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND STRAIN RATE
ON TENliLE PROPERTIES OF SAND CAST TEST BARS
lNTS CONDmON (7,tbl.IV)

40.------,,.. -----r-----,
Mg-4.5ZnO. 7Zr
TSCOND

20

10
REFBRENCffi

I AMS 4443 A, (Aug. IS, 1958)

2 Brooks, M. E., Tioe Dow Chemical Co., Metals Department,
Technical Service and Development, Personal Communication,
(July 17, 1961)
3 '"Properties and Selection of Metals"", Me111ls Handbook, ASM.
Vol.l, 8th Bdltion,(l961)
""Magnesium Alloys arxl Products'", Magnesium Depanmcnt,
The Dow Chemical Co.,Bullctin Form No. 141-9658,(1958)
5 '"Strength of Me1111 Aircraft Elemcn:"', Supply nrxl Logistics
1-landboolc, BMI, MIL-HDBK -5, (D.r. 30,1958)

1.0%}
0.5\\\ TOTAL STRAIN
6 '"lllectrlcal arxl TioeJ mol Propcnles of Magnesium and Mag-
nesium Alloys"', The Dow Chemical Co., MagneRlum Technl
cal Service and 0t."Velopmcnt, Letter Enclosure, Code 2. 51,
0.2'.\\
(Oct. 23, 1959)
7 '"Erfecr oi Testing Speed and Temperature on the Mechanical
IIL-------1~0~------1~00--------1000~
Properties of some Magn<'slum Alloys'", Tioc Dow Chemical Co.,
TIME- HR Magnesium Technical Service and Development, Letter Enclo
sure, Code 2. 52, (June 8, 1959)
FIG. 3.041 TOTAl. STRAIN CURVES FOR ALLOY IN
8 '"Ucat Transfer Characteristics of Magnesium Alloys'", The
T5 CONDITION AT 200 AND 400 F
Dow Chemical Co., Magnesium Technical Service aod Devel
(3, p.II03) opment, Letter Enclosure, Code 2. 46, (Feb. 24,1959)

CODE
 REVISED JUNE 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AUTHOR J. R. KATTUS

1. GENERAL 1.08 Melting and O,.sting Practice

This magnesium nlloy, which Is normally used In the
T6 condition (solution treated and artificinlly aged), Is
produced primarily in the form of castings, but it is
also suitable for at least limited applications as forginga
It combines good mechanical properties with excellent
foundry characteristics, that Is, fluidity with little
tendency toward porosity and bot cracking. At room
U.mperature Its strength Is sllghUy lower than that of
ZK61A, but at elevated temperatures up to 540F, Its
tensile strength is superior to that of any other mag-
nesium casting alloy. Above 540F, HK31A Is somewhat
stronger. It has good creep properties at temperatures
up to 400 F, but long time strength and stability are not
good at higher temperatures. Tbe alloy Is weldable by
inert-gas-arc techniques. It should be considered for
any aerospace or other applications where good short
time mechanical properties are required up to 540 F and
gocd creep properties up to 400F (5)(6).
1.01 Commercial Designation
QE22A
Alternate Designations
QE22, MSR
QE22A Is molted and cast similarly to other zirconium
contnlning ma':!lesium casting nlloys (sec IIZ32A, Code
Mg
3408, Sectiori~.OS). The silver, whicb Is added as pure 2.5 Ag
metal, and didymium, which Is added as a magnesium-
didymium hardener, nrc handled in the same manner 2.0 Di
as zinc. Zinc and silver losses are negligible for each
melting cyclA, but a loss or one fourth percent (of total 0.4 Zr
melt weight) of rare earths (dldymtum) for each melt
cycle Is typical niti.:~ugh this will vary with local
foundry conditions (8). QE22A
1.09 Special Considerations
1.091 It Is essential that contamination with aluminum, Iron,
manganese, and sllicon be prevented, as these ulcments
prevent zirconium from performing Its desired' grain
refining function (9).
1.092 This niloy has relatively low section sensitivity, that Is,
with good foundry practice, its mechanical properties
arc not drastically reduced With Increasing section
size (sec Figure 3. 0213)(10).
1.093 Rate of quenching from the solution treatment tempera-
ture Is crii:lcal, and castings should be quenched In hot
water wiU1in 30 seconds of their removal from the fur-
nace (6).

1.03 Specifications
Table 1.03. 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
TABLE 1 03
Alloy QE22A 2.01 Thermal Properties
Forms Specl!icatlons 2.011 Melting range. 1020-1190F (8).
AMS 4418C 2.012 Phase changes. Solution treatment results in partial
Sand ASTM BSO solution of the magnesium-rare earth compounds that
Castings MIL-M-46062 (MR) normally appear at the graln boundaries In the as-cast
Federal QQ-M-56b (1) condition. Very finely divided precipitates form within
the grains during artificial aging. These preclpi~ tes
Permanent ASTM B199 1
have not been fully Identified, but are believed to lie',
Mold MIL-M-46062A
I Casting Federal QQ-M-46062A silver-rare earth magnesium compounds and also pos-
\._ ... investment
ASTM 8403
sibly zirconium compounds (6)(11).
Castings 2.012). Time- temperature- transformation diagrams.
2.'013 Thermal conductivity.
2. 013~ T6 conc!Jtlon: 59.5 Btu ftpor (ft2 hr F)(12)- 65.34 Btu
1.04 Composition ft per (Ct2 hr F)(6).
Table 1.04. 2. 013~ F condition (ns forged): 55.6 Btu ft per (rt2 hr F) at
TABLE 1 04 68F (12).
Alloy QE22A 2.014 Thermal expansion. 14.85 x to-G perF from 68F to
Sottrcc (1) (2)(3)(4) 392F (13).
Percent Percent 2.015 Specific heat. 0. 245 Btu per (lb F).
Composition Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum 2.016 TIe.rmal dlffusivity.
Silver 2.0 3.0 2.0 3.0
Didymium (a) 1.75 2.5 1.8 2.5 2.02 Ot.her Physical Properties
Zlrcoalum, total 0.40 1.0 0.40 1.0 2.021 Density. 0.066lb per cu in (8).
Zirconium, soluble (b)
Copper
0.40
-
-0.10
-
-
-
0.10
2.022 Electrical properties, Table 2. 022.

--
--
Nickol 0.01 0.01
Othcra. total 0.30 0.30 TABLE 2 022
Magnesium Balance Balance Alloy QE22A
(a) A rare-earth nlloy ~onslsting of 85 percent nocdymium and Condition TG
15 percent praseodymium. Source (14)
(b) Soluble zirconium Is that portion of U1o zirconium that Is Electrical Conductivity Electrlcni
soluble in 1 :4 hydrochloric acid h"ld below its boiling point. Percent Mogmhos Resistivity
Tempcrnturo - F lACS per in3 microhm -In
08 27.0 0.397 2.52
1.05 Heat Treatment(7) 113 25.2 0.370 2.70
1.051 Solution treatment: 970 to 980 F, 8 hours In furnace 212 22.3 0.328 3.05
atmosphere coalnlning 1 percent so2 minimum, quench
In water at 140F minimum within maximum delay time
of 30 seconds. 2.023 Magnetic proportics. Nonmagnetic.
1.052 Artlflclnlly ago to T6 condition: 400F, 8 hours, air cool. 2.024 Emittance.
2.025 Damping capacity.
1.00 Hardness (1)
T6 co.ndition: BUN 62-85 wiU1 500 kg load and 10 mm 2.03 Chemical Properties
ball or 1000 kg load and 9/16 Inch bail; BIIN 67-90 with 2.031 Corrosion resistance,
1000 kg load and 10 mm ball. 2.0311 QE22A, like other magnesium alloys, is subject to
gencrnl and pitting corrosion in i~dustrlal, mnrtne, and
1.07 Forms and Conditions Avnilable moist environments. With suitable surface trcatm<mt
Produced primarily as cnstinRS; limited production of anl pnintlng, U performs satislitctorily In all typos or
roll-forged rings. Used In the TG (solution treated and natural environments with the exception of continuous
nrtl!iclally aged) conrlltion. immersion in water (15).
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED JUt~E 1971

2.0312 This alloy has low susceptibility to stress corrosion 3.0216 Effect of orientation and forging reduction on tensile
Mg cracking (6). properties of roll-forged rings, Table 3.0216.
2.0313 For a discussion or galvanic corrosion, see AZ31B,
2.5 Ag Code 3601, Section 2. 0312. TABLE 3 0216
2.032 Sa.Cety precautions should be directed to the prevention iAUoy OE22A
2.0 Di of fires, burns, and explosions (sec HZ32A, Code 3408, Condition T6
Section 2. 032). Form Roll ForiiC<I
0.4 Zr Source 120
2.04 Nuclear Properties Specimen Forging Reduction Ftu Fty e(2in)
Orientation ncrccnt ksl ksl percent
QE22A 20 43 33 8
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Tangential 40 45 36 6
GO 44 37 6
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties 20 40 27 11
3.01] AMS and ASTM specifications, Table 3.011. Axial 40 40 29 10
60 40 30 9
Radial 20 40 26 9
* Heat treated after roll forging.
TABLE 3 011
Alloy QE22A
Condition '1'6
Source (1) (3) (4) 3.022 Compression. Typical for sand-cast test bars In T6
Type Casting Sand Permanent lnvcsuncnt condition. Fey= 30 kal (7).
Mold 3.0221 Stress-strain diagrams.
Temp Ftu e(2ln) Ftu Fty c(2in) 3.0222 Effect of orientation and forging reduction on compres-
Ftr Ftu l'ty e(2in)
Specimen F ksi ks min ksi ksi min ksi ksl min sive properties o( roll-forged rings, Table 3.0222.
min min min min min min
Separately 75 35 25 2 35 25 2 35 25 2 TABLE 3 0222
cast 600 1L5 9.0 - - - - - - - Alloy QE22A
Cut from Condition T6*
casting Form Roll Forll'Cd
single
average 4
75 28 20 1 - - - - - - Source
Specimen Orientation
(20)
Forging Reduction Fey
or more 75 32 23 2 -
-
- - - - - percent ksi
single 600 10 8 - - - - - - Tangential
20
40
26
26
60 25
20 26
Axial 40 2G
GO 25
20 28
MlL-M-46062 (MR) specifications, Table 3.012. Radial 40 28
3.012
GO 28
*Ileal treated after roll forging.

TABLE 3 012
Alloy QE22A 3.023 impact (see Figure 3. 0331).
Condition T6 3.024 Bending.
Form Castings 3.025 Torsion and shear. Typical shear strength for sand-
Source (17) cast Lest bars.in TG condition. F su = 21.5 ksl (7)(1G).
Tensile Properues m JJcslgnatcd 3.026 Bearing.
Soctions of Castimzs 3.027 Stress concentration.

Section
Ftu- ksl
Minimum
::r;- ksl c(2in)
nlmum Minimum
3. 0271
3. 02711
Notch properties.
Effect of crack length on breaking load of fatigue
1 cracked spcclrr'lS as percent uf breaking load o( un-
40 28 4
2 37 crackcd specimen, Figure 3. 02711.
26 2
3 33 3.02712 Effect or fatigue cr:wk size on total stress to fracture
23 2
X 28 20 in bending, Figure 3. 02il2.
2
Soctions 1, 2, and 3 arc designated critical 3. 0272 Fracture toughness. A small amount of data on cracked
sections or castings and would be specified specimens appears In Rol(ercnce 22. However tho speci-
for the particular casting in question; section men Ia not sufficiently well described to make the infor-
X covers unspecified sections. mation useful for the purposes or this Handbook.
3.028 Combined properties.

3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures

3.031 Tension.
3. 0311 Stress-strain diagrams, Figure 3. 0311.
3.0312 Effect or temperature on tensile properties of castings,
3.02 Mechanlcal_Propertle"- at Room '!'cmperaturc Figure 3.0312.
3.021 Tension. Typical for sand-cast test bars In '1'6 condi Uon 3.0313 Elevated temperature tensile properties or roll forgings,
Ftu =40. 0 ksl Fty = 30. 0 ksl e(2 In) =4 percent Figure 3.0313.
(7) (8) (16). 3.032 Compression.
3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams (see Figure 3. 0311). 3.0321 stress-strain diagrams.
3.0212 Effect of end chill on tensile properties or cast plates 3.033 Impact.
of two thicknesses, Figure 3.0212. 3.0331 Effect of temperature on nC!tched and unnotched Cbarpy
3.0213 Effect of section thickness on tensile properties, Impact properties, Figure 3. 0331.
Figure 3.0213. 3.034 Bending.
3.0214 Effect of overaglng on tensile properties, Figure 3.035 Torsion and shear.
3.0214. 3.0351 Effect of temperature on shear strength, Figure 3.0351.
3.0215 Effect of cold work on tensile properties, Figure 3. 0215. 3.036 Bearing.
 REVISED JUNE 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\..__) 3.037 Stress concentration.

3.0371 Notch properties. QE22A I M
3.0372 Fracture toughness. SAND CAST
3.038 C'.omblned properties. T6 CONDITION 2_5 A
50
3.04 Creee and Creee Rueture Proeerties 2.0 D
0.4 z
3.041 Effects of temperature and stress on the times to var-
Fru
3.042
ious amounts of creep extension, Figure 3.041.
Creep rupture time at 392F, Figure 3.042. 40
"-
- ;--o
3.05 FnU&J!e Proeerties
OE22Jl
3.051 s-N fatigue curves at room and elevated temperatures,
!a
~ ..__ -""""
Figure 3. 051. 30
-o
3.06 Elastic Proeerties FTY
3.061 Poisson's ratio. 0.35 (13).
3.062 Modulua of elasticity, Figure 3.062. 20 - l . n i N C H 8
~.063 Modulus of rigidity. 2. 4 x 103 ksl (13). o 2.0 INCH

~
4. FABRICATION
e(2 IN)
---r---'o
4. 01 Fonnabll!Ly
0
4.02 Machining and Grinding 0 1 2 3 4
4.021 This alloy, like other magnesium ulloJs, has exception- DISTANCE FROM CHILL- IN
ally good machinability, which enables il to be wachlned
at high speeds and feeds. For further details, see FIG. 3.0212 EFFECT OF END CIIILL ON TEN-
HZ32A, Code 3408, Section 4.021. SILE PROPERTIES OF CAST
4.022 The alloy can be chem milled with sulfuric, nitric, or PLATES OF TWO TlllCKNESSES.
hydrochloric acid of 5 percent strength or greater (13). (18)

4.03 Welding
4.031 QE22A Is weldable by gas tungsten-nrc and gas metal-
nrc techniques with either helium or nrgo01 gas shielding.
E?..33A filler metal should toe used when welded joints
will be used at high temperatures, whereas AZ92A and
AZ61A filler metals nrc satisfuctory for room-tempera-
ture service. Preheating to about 500F Is recommend<>d
If needed to minimize distortion or prevent cracking. lf
possible, the welded part should be fully heat treated to
the T6 condition after welding (6)(23).

4. 04 Surfuce Treabnent
Sec HZ32A, Code 3408, Sections 4.041, 4.042, and
4.043.

50 I I I
QE22A
STANDARD TENSILE SPECIIIIENS
MACHINED FROM SAN!). CAST SQUARE SLAB5
-
.__
40 T6 CONDITION

~ 30
h.-

-
--- FTU

1---~-
r--

20 1---FTY (0.1 PERCENT)

- c

0
0 2 3 4 5
SECTION TIDCKNESS- IN

FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF SECTION TIUCKNESS ON

TENSILE PROPERTIES. (6)
;::,-
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED JUNE 1971

Mg
2.5 Ag !=I
r.l
&!
2.0 Di ""0
0.4 Zr
120
...z
r.l
100 120 ~
QE22A 1:!
r.l
ll.

""
~
80

~ 60 80""
~
~

:s
t
r.l
0
40 60 8 ~16r-----~~~~~~-+------~----4
:.:
=
r.l
ll.
20 40
!'-<
t:i0
0 20 ll.
=
r.l

0.1 1 10 100 1000

TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3. 0214 EFFECT OF OVERAGING ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES. (6)

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

STRAIN - PERCENT

FIG. 3.0311 STRESs-STRAIN DIAGRAMS. (13)

QE22A I
46 T8 CONDITION ~
SAND CAST
~/' v
~
/
~
42

~/ FTU
~/
50
.___ I
QE22A
I

38
/"
/ ~
T6 CONDITION -
SAND CAST
TEST BARS
~/ ~
~
40
~ FTY
FTU
34

~
j/ ~30
o- -o-_
-...o
""~
-~
~
30
V/ FTY
20
//
26
I
- - - CHILLED CASTING
10
~~
~
- - -UNCHILLED CASTING

10 E-< 80
~ ....................
1---- --- - z
r.l
0
t I
c(2 IN) =
r.l
oil<
r.l
~40 /
0 2 4 6 8 r.l
ll. v
- ~
REDUCTION- PERCENT e(2 IN)

FIG. 3.0215 EFFECT OF COLD WORK ON 0

.....--
TENSILE PROPERTIES. (19) -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800
TEMPERATURE- F
T8 condiUon In this case means that the metal wns
cold worked tho given amount between the soluUon FIG. 3.0312 EPFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPER-
a.nd aging treatments spoolflcd or tho TG condiUon. TIES OF CASTINGS. (12)
 50
1
QE22A I Mg
Ia..... T6 CONDITION
1'---.. ROLL FORGED 2~5 Ag

-r---
40 .........

~ 2.0 Di

-... ~
FTU 0.4 Zr
1--..
~---~
30
1 I

~~
QE22A
FTY TG CONDITION QE22A
SEPARATELY
i--~- CAST TEST BAliS
- - o
20 20

10
~ GO 10
Fsu

NI
DOUBLE PlN SHEAR

v
/ 40 fo<
(1/8 L"CII DIAMETER PIN)
EACII ?ATA PO~'l' 2 TEST~

v
z 0 200 400 GOO ~00
>'I
t..l TEIIIPE!l.ATUHE- I'
.,;
>'I
~ 20
A.
FIG. 3.0351 EFFI::CT 01' TEMPERATUilE ON

-l------L-----
SIIEAH STHENG'l11, (G)
c(2 IN)

I 0
100 200 300 400 500 600
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0313 ELEVATED TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES

OF ROLL FORGINGS. (20)

QE22A
T6 C-ONDITION
SAND CAST
u 24 ------~~------~--------~
1
QE2 2A I
TG CONDITION I
SEPARATE CAST SPECIMENS
J 20 - - - - -
6
v
4 / v
2 ~TCHED
0-- f--
..V(f----ss mm=::/f
']EOmm
-- 10 mm <
<;::.
2 I
V NOTCH

.... --..
0 0 ~~-------~~o--------1~o
-300 -200
o_______1_o~oo______
JO~,ooo
-100 0 .100
TEMPERATURE- I' TJ:M r: - IIOUJIS

FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF TEMPEIIATURE ON 11G. 3.011 Er'FECTS OF TEMPEHATURE ANll STI!ESS ON
~. ''. NOTCHED AND UNNOTCIIED CIIAJIPY TilE TUllES TO VAI!IOUS AMOUNTS OF CREEP
IMPACT PROPERTIES. (21) EXTENSION. (G)

J 1971, Bclfour Stu! en, Inc. CODE 3406

 NUN~tKKUU~ ALLUY~ REVISED JUNE 1971

32 REFERENCES
Mg ~E22A j
T6 CONDITION 1. AMS 4418C, (May 1, 1968).
2.5 Ag 1--- SAND CAST 2.
3.
ASTM B80-G8
ASTM B199-68
28
2.0 Di
0.4 Zr

QE22A
~
24
-~---

----- --- r--

t-
4.
5.

6.
ASTM B403-67
Marrlen, M., "Magnesium Casting Alloys tor A1rcrn!t
structures," Modern Castings, Volume 51 (Mnrch 1967)
pp. 60-62.
Whitehead, D. J., "Magnesium-Silver-D!dymlum-
Z1rcon1um Casting Alloy QE22A," Trnnsactiona AFS,
Volume 69 (1961) pp. 442-456.
20 7. Heat Treating Snnd nnd Permanent Mold Magnesium
Castings, Form No. 141-35-68, Dow Metal Products
Department, Midland, Michigan (1968).
8. Recommended Prnctices for Sand Casting Aluminum and
16 MngnPslum Alloys, book published by American
0.1 1 10 100 :Foundrymen's Society, second edition (1965) Chapter
RUPTURE TIME - HR 10, pp. 63-68.
9. "Crucible Melting of Magnesium Alloys," Bulletin No.
FIG. 3.042 CREEP RUPTURE TIME AT 392F. (5) 181-27, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich.
10. Fowler, A. I. M., "Effect of M!croporoslty on tho
Tensile Properties of QE22A Alloy," Modern Castings,
Volume 51, (Mnrch 1967) pp. 89-92.
11. Nelson, K. E., "New Specification for High-Strength
Magnesium Castings," Foundry, Volume 91 (December
1963) pp. 58-61.
12. "An Introduction to Magnesium Alloys," DMIC Report
20 206, (August 26, 1964) Battelle Memorial Institute,
QE2~A I
~
Columbus, Ohio.
TG OONDITION 13. Design, booklet published by Magnesium Elektron Ltd.,

16 ~ SAND CAST I 1270 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York
10020.

\ 1--- 14. Powell, R. w. ct. al "The Thermal and Electrical

....__
- d8F

-392F- 15.
Conductivity of Magnesium and Some Magnesium Alloyll:
Metaliurgia, Volume 70 (October 1964) pp. 159-163.
"The Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals
Handbook, 8th edition, Volume 1 (1961) pp. 1086-1094.

4 I I,.
K=1
""
ROTATING BEAM, R = -1

I
--.....__

I
r--482F

I
16.

17.
18.
Magnesium Technical Service Manual for Aircraft
Structures of Magnesium Shoot, Extrusions, Forgings,
and Castings, Dow Metal Products Depnrtment,
M!dlnnd, Michigan (June 23, 1967).
MIL-M-46062 (MR) (1963).
Lagowsk!, B., and Meier, J. W., "Premium Strength
In Snnd Cnst Magnesium Alloys," Transactions AFS,
-..

104 10" lOG Volume 72 (1964) pp. 673-685.

CYCLES 19. Lagowsk!, B., and Meier, J. W., "Effect of Cold Work
on Tensile Properties of Magnesium Casting Alloys,''
FIG. 3.051 5-N FATIGUE CURVES AT ROOM AND ELEVATED AFS Transactions, Volume 76 (1968) pp. 174-182.
TEMPERATURES. (5) 20. Magnesium Rolled lUngs, Code 0.4 JFP/HB, Dow Metal
Products Division (December 29, 1964).
21. Fenn, R. W., Jr., "Low Temperature Properties of
Cast and Wrought Magnesium Alloys," ASTM STP No.
287 (1961) pp. 51-57.
22. Marrien, M., "Recent Developments In Magnesium
Castit.g' Alloys for AircrAft Structures," Transactions
AFS, Volume 75 (1967) p. 376.
23. Arc Welding l\lngnes!um, Form 141-300-67, D>w Metal
7 Products Depnrtment, Midland, Michigan (1967).
1
QE22A

- TG CONDITION

6 -
---- ~
~
SAND CAST

., 0
.... ~~
4

3
100 200 300 400 500 GOO
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.062 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY. (13)

CODE 3406
 AUTHOR: J.R. KATTUS

\ ...,..../ 1. GENERAL 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

ZH62A is a magnesium-base casting alloy which combines Mg
a reasonable degree of castability with excellent strength 2.01 Thermal Properties
up to 300F. Its strength properties drop sharply at 2.011 Melting range. 1.5 Th
temperatures above 300F. Its castability is rated above 2.0111 The liquidus temperature is 1169F (2).
that of ZK51A and ZK61A but below that of QE22A, which 2.012 Phase changes. One or more zinc-zirconium phases are 5.7 Zn
are other high-strength magneaium casting alloys; how- formed during artificial aging. Optimum mechanical
ever, the ductility of ZH62A is considerably better than properties are dependent upon a uniform distribution of 0. 7 Zr
that of QE22A. ZH62A has excellent weldability and thesl' phases in finely divided form (4).
machinability. Like other magnesium alloys, coatings 2.0121 Time-temperature-transformation diagrams.
are recommended to prevent corrosion in humid, salt- 2.013 Thermal conductivity. 63.0 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F) at 68F
sprar, and marine environments. It is used only in the (2)(5).
ZH62A
artificiall.y aged (T-5) condition and should be considered 2.014 Thermal expansion. 15.1 X 10-6 per F from 68 to 392F
for any aerospace or other applicat'"'ns requiring a high (5)(6).
strength-to-weight ratio at temperat11res up to 300F. 2.015 Specific heat. 0. 23 Btu per (lb F) from 68 to 212F
(5)(6).
1.01 Commercial Designation 2.016 Thermal diffuslvity.
ZH62A
1.02 Alternate Designations 2.02 Other Physical Properties
ZH62XA, TZ6 (British) 2.021 Density. 1.86 glee (2)(5). 0.0675 lb/cublc inch (6).
2.022 Electrical properties.
1.03 Specifications 2.0221 Electrical conductivity. 0.39 megmhos/tn3 at 68F (6).
AMS 4438B 26.5 percent lACS at 68F(5).
ASTM B80-68 2.0222 Electrical resistivity. 2. 56 microhm-inch at 68F (5).
l:.S. Federal QQ-M-56b (1) 2.023 Magnetic properties.
SAE 508 2.024 Emittance.
Milr M-41062A 2.025 Damping capacity. At a stress equal to 0.1 F tv tho
specific damping capacity is 0.14, which is refativcly
1.04 Composition low in comparison with most other magnesium alloys (7).
Table J .04.
2.03 Chemical Properties
2.031 ZUG2A, like other magnesium alloys, will corrode In
TABLE 1.04 industrial, marine, and moist environments. With
Alloy ZH62A suitable surface treatment and painting, It will perform
Composition satisfactorily in all types of natural environments, with
Source AMS 4438B (18) ASTM BS0-68 the exception of continuous Immersion In water (17). For
Percent Percent a discussion of galvanic corrosion sec Code 3601, Section
uninium Maximum Minimum Maximum 2.0312.
5.2 6.2 2.032 Safety precautions should be dircctod to the prevention
Zinc 5.2 6.2
2.2 of fires, burns, and explosions. Sec HZ32A, Code 3408,
Thorium 1.4 2.2 1.4
Zirconium Section 2.032.
total 0.50 1.0 0.50 1.0
soluble* 0.50 2.04 Nuclear Propertl"s
Copper 0.10 0.10 2.041 Thorlwn metal Is radioactive, but the amount contained
Nickel 0.01 0.01 in this alloy Is not sufficient to constitute a hazard In
Others 0.30 0.30 normal handling. For precautions during melting and
Magnesium Balance Balance welding, sec IIZ32A, Code 3408, Section 2.041.
2.042 Tho slight radioactivity of tho nlloy causes no Interference
* Soluble zirconium Is that portion of the zirconium that Is
In the sending and receiving of radar and radio slgnals(8).
soluble In 1:4 hvdrochlorlc acid held below Its boilint! nolnt.

3. MECHANlCAL PROPERTffiS

1.05 Ileal Treatment 3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties

Artificially age 470 to 490F, 12 to 16 hours, ACto Table 3.01.
Condition T-5 (1).
1. 051 Alternative age treatment for Condition T-5, 615 to 635 F
2 hours, AC, plus 340 to 360F, 16 hours (1)(2).
.
TABLE 3 OJ
Alloy ZIIG2A
Form Sand Cast
1.06 Hardness Condition T-5
1.061 BHN 65-80 with 1000 kg load und 10 mm ball (18). Specification AMS 44388 (18) ASTM BS0-68
1.062 BIIN 60-75 with 500 kg load and 10 mm ball or 1000 kg Ftu Fty ~'tu Fly
load und 9/16 inch ball (18). Specimen Temp min min c(2 In) min min e(21n)
Fl ksl ksl min ksl ksl min
1.07 Forms and Conditions .Available Cut from casting
Produced as castings and used In the T-5 (artificlnlly
aged) condition.
(single)
(average of 4 or more)
75
75
28.0
31.5
17.5 1.0
19.5 2.0
26.5 15.5
31.5 17.5
-
1.25
Separately cast 75 35.0 22.0 5.0 35.0 22.0 5.0
1.08 Meiring and Casting Practice (2)
(sec IIZ32A cast magnesium alloy)
3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
1.09 Special Considerations 3.021 Tension. Typical. Ftu= 40.0 ksl, Ft = 25.0 ksl, anri
1.091 Contamination of the alloy with more thnn 0. 005 percent e(2 inches) = 6 percent. y
aluminum should be avoided to prevent the formation of 3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams (see Figure 3. 0311).
aluminum-zirconium compounds, which are detrimental 3.0212 Effect of secUon thickness on tensUc properties.
...... -,. to mechanical properties (5) Figure 3. 0212.
1.092 The nlloy has excellent dimensional stability at service 3.0213 EITect of end chill on tensile properties of cast plates of
temperatures up to at least 300F (G). two thicknesses. Figure 3. 0213.
 3.022 Compression Typical Fey= 25.0 ksi (11). 50
ZH62A -- \..J
Mg 3.0221 Stress-strain diagrams.
SAND-CAST

I
3.023 Impact. Notched Izod- 2.5 ft-lbs (5).
1.5 Th CONDITION T-5

..;--,....----
3.024 Bending. FT'J
3.025 Torsion and shear. 40 L l...,.-=:::::::;
5.7 Zn 3.0251 Typical shear, Fsu= 24.0 ksi (11).
3.026 Bearing. Typical for separately sand-cast test specimens I
0.7 Zr
3.027
with e/0=2.5 (3)(11). Fbru= 72.0 ksi, Fbry= 49.0 ksi.
Stress concentration.
I
30
3.0271 Notch properties.
ZH62A 3.0273 Fracture toughness.
3.028 Combined properties.
20
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
3.031 Tension. FTY
3.0311 Stress strain diagrams.
3.03111 Complete tensile stress strain curves at various temp-
eraturt~s, Figure 3. 0314. e(2 INCHES)
3.0312 Effect of elevated temperatures on tensile properties,
Figure 3.0312.
~ -,
~
3.0313 Effect of subzero temperatures on tensile properties,
Figure 3. 0313.
3.0314 Effect of strain rate on tensile properties at different
temperatures, Figure 3. 0314.
3.032 Compression. 0 0.5
1 ~
3.0321 Stress-strain diagrams. TffiCKNESS - INCHES
3.033 Impact. FIG. 3.0212 EFFECT OF SECTION TffiCKNESS ON TENSILE
3.0331 Effect of subzero temperatures on Charpy impact PROPERTIES (10).
strength, Figure 3. 0331.
3.034 Bending.
3.035 Torsion and shear.
3.036 Bearing.
3.037 Stress concentration.
3.0371 Notch properties.
3.0372 Fracture toughness.
3.038 Combined properties.

3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties

3.041 Effect of temperature and stress on time to various
amounts of creep extension, Figure 3. 041.

3.05 Fatigue Properties

3.051 Wohler fatigue strength at 300F, sand-cast, smooth
machined specimens: 107 cycles, 8.5 ksi; 5 X 107 cycles,
7.6ksi (6).

3.06 Elastic Properties

ZH62A
3.061 Poisson's ratio, 0.3 (5).
3.062 Modulus of elasticity. 50 -SAND-CAST
3.0621 CONDITION T-5
Effect of temperature iln tension modulus, Figure 3.0621.
3.063

4.

4.01
Modulus of rigidity, 2.5 X 103 ksi (5).

FABRICATION

Formability
40
-- -v
FTU

r--o-o
""
30
4.02 Machining and Grinding
4.021 This alloy, like other magnesium alloys, has exception- FTy
ally good machinability, which enables it to be machined ~ -c:;._ _ _,
at high speeds and feeds. For further details, see
~ 20
HZ32A, Code 3408, Section 4.021.
4.022 The alloy can be chemically milled with sulfuric, nitric,
0
1.0 INCH SECTION
2.0 INCH SECTiON
or hydrochloric acid of 5 percent strength or greater (6).
10
4.03 Welding

~
4.031 The alloy can be arc welded with helium or argon shield-
ing and ZH62A or E Z33A electrodes. One of the art!fl- le(2 INCHES)
cial aging treatments (Section 1. 05 or 1. 051) should be ~ __..
v-_ -.Q
... 10
applied after welding (1)(3)(5).
4.032 ZH62A should not be gas welded because of probable
losses of zirconium (6).

4.04 Surface Treatment 0 1 2 3 4

(See HZ32A, Code 3408, Sections 4. 041and 4. 042)
DISTANCE FROM CHILL- INCHES

FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF END CffiLL ON TENSILE PROPERTIES

OF CAST PLATES OF TWO TILlCKNESSES (10).

CODE 3407
RELEASED: DECEMBER 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

30
ZH6ZA ZH6ZA Mg
SAND CASTINGS SAND-CAST TEST BARS
CONDITIONT-5
CJONDITION T-5 1.5 Th
50
25 FTU 5.7 Zn
~ 0. 7 Zr
~
20 40 ...
~15

~
30

20
4.
r---
-. F
TY
-"'
ZH62A

10

7.5
5 10
_. 5~
~
e(2 INCHES) ~

---r--:
C)
=
0 0 3 6
STRAIN- PERCENT
9 12
...., 0 '"'
~

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100

FIG. 3.03111 COMPLETE TENSILE STRESEHITRAIN CURVES AT TEMPERATURE- F
VARIOUS TEMPERATURES (9).
FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF SUBZERO TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES (11).

ZH62A
40 SAND-CAST TEST BARS
CONDITION T-5

35

40 .. iH62A
I

SAND-CAST TEST BARS

~
30

~
CONDITION T-5
FTU 25
;-.._
30
.._ ~
~ r--... ~
20

~ 20
0 ~- 15

10

10

0
__..___-- 30

----
20 5
~
C)

....... e(2 INCHES) =

~
llo

&6
0

200
I
300 400 500
0 0
100 0 200 400 600 800 1000

TEMPERATURE- F TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 3,0312 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
PROPERTIES (12). A'l' DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES (13).

CODE ~4071
 NUNr~nnuu~ ~LLUT~ RI::LI::A51::D: DI::CI::MBI::R 1~6~

., I.
~.~~./
14 ZH62
Mg SAND-CAST
1.5 Th
12 ~6r---~-----+----~~~;-----+---~
5.7 Zn
"'~
0.7 Zr 10
Ill
.J
400 500 600

ZH62A t 8
TEMPERATURE- F

6 FIG. 3.0621 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSION MODULUS (14).

STANDARD V- NOTCH CHAR PY

-400 -300 -200 -100

TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF SUBZERO TEMPERATURES ON

CHARPY IMPACT STRENGTH. (11)

REFERENCES

l. "Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals

ZH62A I I I Handbook, 8th Edition, Vol. 2 (1964), pp. 292-297.
SAND-CAST TEST BARS 2. ''Recommended Practices for Sand Casting Aluminum
CONDITION T-5 PERJEj EXTENlxON n.nd Magnesium Alloys, " book publlehcd by the American
50 Foundrymen's Society, 2nd Edition (1965), Chapter 14,
20llF pp. 79-85.
30
~.""\ 3. "Magnesium Technical Service Manual for Aircraft
structures of Magnesium Sheet, Extrusions, Forgings,
0,5_;;: rr- and Castings, " Dow Chemical Company, Metal Products
10 Department, Midland, Michigun (June 23, 1967).
o. 2--;;.- 4. Nelson, K. E., "New Speclficntion for High-Strength

0.1~
5 Magnesium Castings," Foundry, Volume 91 (1963),
pp. 58-61.
5. "Properties of Magnesium Cnstlng Alloys," ASM Metals
Handbook, 8th Edition, Volume 1 (1961), pp. 1095-1112.
l
30
I I 6. "Design, " booklet published by Magnesium Elektron
300F Limited, 1270 Avenue of the AmerlcllB, New York,
1.~'\ NY 10020.
0,1>-\j-- 7. Jensen, J, W., ''Damping Cnpncity--Cause and Effects,"

-
Ught Metal Age, Volume 22 (December, 1964), pp. 4-8.
10
B.
~~ Nelson, K. E., "Magnesium Sand-Casting Alloys
5
\::o:1
- 9.
Contalnlng Thorium," Transactions, American Foundry-
men's Sooloty, Volume 61 (1953), pp.315-325.
Dedman, H. E., Wheelahnn, E. J., and Kattus, J, R.,
''Tensile Properties of Aircraft-structural Metals at
Various Rates of Loading A!Wr Rapid Heating, WADC
Technical Report 58-440, Part 1, ASTIA Document
No, 206074, (1958).

- -
400F
10. LngowBki, B., and Meier, J. W., "Premium Strength
F====:

- ---=::: - --
1-- in Sand-Cast Magnesium Alloys," Transactions AFS,
10
r-- ~ r--1 - --~"'\ 11.
Volume 72 (1964), pp. 673-685.
''The Selection and Application of Magnesium and
5 Mngncsium Alloys, " ASM Metals Handbook, 8th Edition,

--. ~ ~
Volume 1 (1961), pp. 1067-1086,
12. Nelson, K. E., and Sau"\!lers, W. P., "An Evaluation of

1
~~ ZH62XA Magnesium Sand Casting Alloy," Transactions
AFS, Volume 64 (1956), pp. 363-372.
30 I 13. Fenn, Jr., R. W., and Gusack, F. A., "Effect of
500F Strain Rate and Temperature on the Strength of
Magnesium Alloys," ASTM Proceedings, Volume 58
(1958), pp. 685-696
10 .......
14. Fenn, Jr., R. W., "Young's Modulus of Magnesium
~ f:::::: :::--... Alloys As n FuncUon or Temperature and Metallurgical

:--..._ r---. ----.; : ~ ::::--

5 .u Variahles," ASTM Proc~ngs, Volume 58 (1958),
I
~~
0.5 pp, 826-837.
r- 15. ''Machining Magnesium," booklet by Dow Chcmlcnl

1
0.1 ::--t-==: Company, Metal Products Department, Midland,
Michigun, Form No. 141-291-66, (1964).
0.1 10 100 1000 16. "Magnesium Finishing Mllltnry Appllcntions," booklet
by Dow Chemical Company, Metnl Products Department,
TIME- HOURS M1dla.1d, Michigan, Form No. 141-288-67, (1964).
17. "Tho Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals
FIG. 3.041 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND STRESS ON TIME TO Handbook, 8th Edition, Volume 1 (1961), pp, 1086-1094.
VARIOUS AMOUNTS OF CltEEP EXTENSION (12), 18. AMS 4438B (lllay 1, 1968).

CODE 3407
 --;;,-

REVISED: DECEMBER 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

AUTHOR: J. R. KATTUS

1. GENERAL 1s brought to a temperature of 1450 to 15UOF for alloy!Dg

HZ32A, which Is a magnesium-base casting alloy used in
the srtf.flclally aged (T5) condition, bas reasonably good
fotllldry characteristics and medlum room temperature
mecbanlcal properties slmllar to those of HK31A. The
relatively high thorium content (3. 2 percent) in these two
alloys glves them outetanding elevated temperature
strength among the magnesium casting alloys. The ad-
dition of 2.1 percent zlnc to HZ31A to produce HZ32A
results in optimum creep reslstance at temperatures of
500F and above, whereas HZ31A Is somewhat superior at
lower temperatures. HZ32A exhlblts excellent long time
stability at elevated temperatures, exposures of at least
1000 bours at GOOF having no detrimental effect on room
temperature mechanical properties. It has excellent
machinability and reasoaably good weldability. For long
time use or even short time use under severe corrosive
conditions, chemical treatment followed by painting Is
recommended. HZ32A-T5 should be considered for use
in aerospace or any other applications where the prime
requirement Is a high strength-to-weight ratio primarily
In the temperature rant:" of 500 t<? 650F.
1.01 Commercial Designation
HZ32A
1.02 Alternate Designations
HZ32XA, ZT1 (British)
1.03 SpeclficnUons
AMS4447B
ASTM BS0-68
U. S. Federal QQ-M-56b (1)
U. s. Federal QQ-M-55b
under a cruclble-flux cover, which normally consists of
magnesium chloride with other chlorides and fluorides. Mg
Th1s type of flux first melts to form a liqul.d cover; but
after some time at 1400F or above, it gradually becomes
3. 2 Th
more viscowi and finally forms a dry scaly crust. Alloy- 2. I Zn
ing additions are made by Immersing them below the melt
surface on a steel ladle and gently agitating. Metelllc 0. 7 Zr
zlnc, which is subject to little or no melting loss, 1s
added first. Thorium is then introduced, as pellets made
from compacted and sintered thorium powder or as a mag-
nesium-thorium hardener alloy. As thorium oxidizes HZ32A
readlly, care must be taken to avoid raising It to a high
temperature in aJ.r. (Considerable loss of thorium occurs,
which must be determined by experience for dlffercmt
foundry conditions.) Finally, zirconium is added in the
form of a magnesium-zirconium hardener alloy contain-
ing 30 to 50 percent zirconium or in the form of zircon-
ium fluoride or chloride in a fused-salt mixture. Because
of the low solubility of zirconium, 1t Is necessary to odd
about 3 to 5 times tho required per::ontage. After the
alloy!Dg additions have been Made, the melt should be
thoroughly stirred and skimmed, covered with additional
crucible flux, and held for 20 minutes before pouring to
allow separation of the flux from the metal and to allow
undissolved zirconium to settle. The flux Is skimmed
from the surface just before pouring, and burning is pre-
vented during pouring by dusting the melt surface with a
mixture of sulfur and boric acid or a proprietary prep-
aration. The metal Is poured between 1350 and 1550F,
dependlng upon the section size of the casting. A heel 2
to 3 inches deep should be left in the crucible to mlnlmlze
the possibility of pouring into the mold a residue consist-
ing of zirconium contnlning sludge and flux (2).

1.04 Composition 1.09 Speclal Considerations

Table 1.04. 1.091 HZ32A-T5 tends to shrink sUr.hUy with increasing expo-
TABLE 1 04 sure times at elevated temperatures.
Alloy HZ32A 1.092 Shrinkage due to exposures at elevated temperatures,
Composition Figure 1. 092
Source AMS4447B 20 ASTMBSQ-68 1.093 Contamlnntlons with more than 0. 005 percent aluminum
Percent Percent should be avoided l>ecause aluminum forms undesirable
Minimum Mruilinum Minimum Maximum intermetelllc compounds with zirconium (5).
1.094 The presence of 0.1 percent or more rare-earth metals
Zinc 1.7 2.5 1.7 2.5
4.0 2.5 4.0 causes loss in creep resistance (5).
Thorium 2.5
Zirconium
total 0.50 1.0 0.50 1.0 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
soluble*
Copper
0.50
-
-
0.10
-
-
-
0.10 2.01 Thermal Properties
Rare Earths
Nickel
-- 0.10
0.01
-
-
0.10
0.01
2.011 Melting range, 1026-1198F (2).
2.012 Phase changes. Magneslwn-thorlum-zlnc compounds In
Others
Magnesium
-
Balance
0.20 - Balance
0.30 acicular shape, which enhance creep resistance, form at
the grain boundnrfes during artlficlal aging (4).
Soluble zirconium Is that portion of the zirconium that is 2.0121 Time-temperature-transformation diagrams.
soluble In 1 :4 hydrochloric acid held below Its bolllng 2.013 Thermal conductivity, 63.2 Btu n per (hr sq n F) at GSF
point. (2)(5).
2.014 Thermal expansion, 14.8 X lo-G per F from 68 to 392F
1.05 Heat Treatment (S)(G).
Cast plus artlficlally aged (T5) at GOOF for 16 hours 2.015 Speclfic heat, .:. 23 Btu per (lb F) from 68 to 392F (5)(6).
(1)(2). 2.016 Thermul diffuslvity.

1.06 Hardness 2.02 Other Physical Properties

1.061 BHN 50-75 with 1000 kg load and 10 mm ball (AMS 4447B~ 2.021 Density. 1.83 glee (2)(5). o.0657lb/cu in (G).
1.062 BHN 45-70 with 500 kg load and 10mm ball or 1000 kg 2.022 Electrical properties.
load and 9/16 inch ball (AMS 4447B). 2.0221 Electrical conductivity. o. 35 megmhos/!nch3 at 68F (6).
26.5 percent lACS at 68F (5).
1.07 Forms and CondlUons Available 2.0222 Electrical resistivity. 2.56 microhm- Inch at GBF (5).
Produced as castings and used In the T5 (a::tlficlally aged) 2.023 Magnetic properties.
condition. 2.024 Emittance.
2.025 Da:mplng capacity. At a stress equal to 0.1 Fty the
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice speclfic damping capacity Is 5, which is an intermediate
Melting practice for magnesium alloys containing level compared With other magnesium alloys (1).
zirconium Is somewhat differnnt from practices used for
tho alloys contnlnlng aluminum. A cast or fabricated 2.03 Chemical Properties
and welded steel crucible Is normally used for both melt- 2.031 IIZ32A Is subject to general and pitting-type corrosion
Ing and pouring, since transfer from a melting to a pour- when exposed to most natural environments. When prop-
ing crucible results in zirconium losses. Melting 1s erly surface treated a:nd painted, It will .perform saUs-
carried out In gas- or oil-fired furnaces. The magnesium factorlly in all of these environments except Immersed in
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: DECEMBER 1969

water (19). For a discussion of galvanic corrosion, see 3,022 Compression, typical Fey"' 14.0 ksi (10),
Mg AZ31n, Code 3601, Section 2.0312. 3.0221 stress-strain diagrams.
2.032 Safety precautions should be directed to the prevention of 3.023 Impact.
3. 2 Th fires, burns, 8Jld explosions. The hazards of the molten 3.024 Bending.
metnl coming into contact with moisture or water are 3.025 Torsion and shear,
2. I Zn sl.milar to those of other magnesium alloys 8Jld greater 3.0251 TYPICal shear, F 8 u = 20.0 ksl (10).
than with other metals, since molten magnesium reacte 3.026 Bearing, typical for separately sand-cast specimens
0. 7 Zr violently with water, The ignition point of HZ32A in air, with e/D=2.5: Fbru"' 60.0 ksi, ~ry = 37 .o ksl (3)(10).
as for other magnesium alloys, is 800F or above. The 3.027 stress concentration.
ease of combustlor.. depelllls upon the size and shape of 3.0271 Notch properties.
the material. Finely divided material, such as dust 8Jld 3.0273 Fracture toughness,
HZ32A powders, ipite readlly 8Jld may explode when mixed with 3.028 Combined properties.
air, Machining and sawing operations generate particles
that are generally too large to form an explosive mlxlure. 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
The fire hazard 1s less than with powder, but shavinge 3.031 Tension.
burn readlly once they are heated above the ignition point. 3.0311 stress-strain diagrams.
Large sectione burn only after prolonged heating. Graph- 3.03111 'l'ensUe stress-strain curves, Figure 3. 03111.
ite powder, sodium-chloride base salte, 8Jld cast iron 3.0312 Effect of elevated temperntures on tensUe properties,
chips are the recommended materials for extinguishing Figure 3.0312.
fires, Wet dust collector systems conforming to NFPA 3.0313 Effect of variations in strain rate on tsnsUe properties
Bulletin No. 48 (21) are recommelllled for grindlng and at different temperatures, Figure 3. 0313.
welding operations. During beat treatment, a minlmum 3.032 Compression.
of ooo percent sulfur dioxide or three percent carbon 3.0321 stress-strain diagrams.
dioxide should be maintained in the furnace atmosphere to 3.033 Impact.
minim1ze the possibility of fire (1)(2)(3). 3.034 Bending.
3.035 Torsion and shear.
2.04 Nuclear Properties 3.036 Bearing.
2.041 Thorium is a radioactive metal, but at the concentration 3.037 stress concentration.
in th1s alloy 1t constitutes little or no hazard in normal 3.0371 Notch properties.
storage, bandllng, and use. Since the fumes given off 3.0372 Fracture toughness.
during melting and weldlng are slightly radioactive, 3.038 Combined properties.
adequate ventllatlon should be provided. Thorium-mag-
nesium hardener alloys and thorium pellets used in the 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
mnnufacture of HZ32A, as well as sludge left frcm melt- 3.041 Effect of temperature and stress on the time to 0 .1 per-
ing operations, are radioactive 8Jld should be handled in cent creep extension, Figure 3. 041.
accordance with the regulations of the Atomic Energy 3.042 Effect of tempernture and stress on the time te 0. 2 per-
Comml,;slon or local codes, whichever are stricter (2). cent creep extension, Figure 3. 042.
2.042 No interference in the sending or receiving of radio or 3.043 Effect of tempernture and stress on the time to 0.5 per-
radar signals Is caused by the slight radioactivity of the cent creep extension, Figure 3. 043.
alloy (8).
3. 05 Fatigue Properties
3.051 Room temperature fatigue strength, Table 3.051.
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
TABLE 3 051
3. 01 Speclfled Mechanical Properties Alloy HZ32A
Table 3.01. Form Sand-cast Specimens
TABLE 3 01 Condition T5
Alloy HZ32A 'l"JPe Test Surface Cycles to
Form Sand-Cast Rr.-1 Condition Source Fallure ksl
Condition T5 Reverse Bellll Smooth Machined (14) G Xl07 10.08
ISpeclflcatlon AMS 4447B 20) ASTM BS0-68 Reverse Bellll Notched* (14) 5 X 107 10.08
Ftu Fty Ftu Fty R. R. Moore Smooth Machlned (2) 108 10.0
Specimen Temp min min e(21n) min min e(21n) Rotstlng Beam Smooth Machined (15) 106 13.0
F ksl ksl min ksl ksl mlr. Rotstlng Beam Notched (15) 106 10.0
Cut from casting Reverse Bellll As Cast (15) 106 7.0
single
aYerage of 4 or more
75.~
75.~
- 10.5
23.0 11.7
-
2.0
19.0 10.5
23.0 11.7
-
1.0
Reverse Bend Smooth Machined n5t 106 15.0
Stress-concentration fscter of 2.
single
Separately cast
500.~
75.~
-
27.0 13.0
-
4.0
10.0 6.0
27.0 13.0
-
4.0
3.052 Effect of temperature ou fatigue strength of smooth,
3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature machlned specimens nt 107 and 108 cycles to fallure,
3,021 Tension, typical: Ftu " 30.0 ksl, Fty .. 14.0 ksl, 8Jld Figure 3. 052.
e(2 inches) = 7 percent (2)(3)(5),
3.0311 stress-strain diagrams (see Figure 3. 0311) 3.06 Elastic Properties
3.0212 Effect of end chlll on tsnsUe properties of cast plates of 3.061 Poisson's ratio, 0.3 (5).
two thicknesses, Figure 3. 0212. 3.062 Modulus of elasticity,
3.0213 Effect of elevsied-temperature exposure on tensUe 3.0621 Effect of tempernture on tension modulus, Figure 3. 0621.
strength, Table 3, 0213, 3.063 Modulus of rigidlty, 2.5 X loS ksl (5).
TABLE 3 0213
Source (10)
IAlloy HZ32A 4. FABRICATION
ltorm l>llM 1.;8.8u.ngB
CODdltlon T5 4.01 Formability
Exposure Ftu, ksi
4.02 Machinlng and Or1r.ding
None 29.0 4.021 Thls alloy, llke other magnesium alloys, has exceptlc.n-
1000 hours at 400F 32.0 all;y good machlnsbWty, which euables 1t to be machlned
1000 hours at 600F 34.0 at high speeds and leedll. Jt can usually be machlned dry;
 MgC
REVISED: DECEMBER 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

but occasloiUilly a cutting fluid 1a desirable for coollng the

work, minimizing the possibility of diatortlon BDd reduc- Mg
Ing the chances of igof.tion of fine chips. Cutting fluid&
should always he mineral oUs, since animal or vegetable 3. 2 Th
oUs are not suitable for use on magnesium alloys. Simi-
larly, water-soluble oUs, aU-water emuisions, or water 40
2. I Zn
solutions of any kind must not he used heca.use they would
severely Intensify a flre 1n the chips if one should start.
HZ32A SAND CASTINGS 0. 7 Zr
Chips wet with these coolants present a serious hazard 1n
storage and have little scrap value (17). 30
~~~NTIS
. ~
FTU
.,
4.022 The alloy can he chemically milled with sulfuric, nitric, HZ32A
or hydrochloric acid of 5 percent strength or greater (6).
1!0
0.0.0
INCH S:JC'I'ION
2.0 INCH SEC'I10N
4.03 ~eldlng
20
4.031 The alloy can he arc welded with helium or argon shield-
Ing and HZ32A or EZ33A welding rods. After welding,
the artiflc1al aging treatment (16 bour.s at GOOF) should he FTY
~ A
U"
.'lpplied (1](3)(5).
HZ32A should not be gas welded because of probable loss 10 30
. 032

~~
of zirconium (6)
I e(2 IN)
4.04 Surface Treatment
4.041 The producing fouodries normally chrome pickle the -....;;:

~
castings prior to shipment to protect them from corrosion
and tarnish during shipment and storage (20)(!\STM BS0- -..!J
68). A suitable alternative 1a to oil with a light corrosion
lnhlbiting oU (20).
I'. 10
4.042 The following surface treatments, which have been 0 1 2 3 4
developed for magnesium alloys, can be applied success- DISTANCE FROM CHILL- INCH
fully to HZ32A to provide a good paint base as well as
so:ne degree of corrosion reslatance (12) (18): FIG. 3.0212 EFFECT OF END CHlLL ON TENSILE
Chrome pickle, MllrM-3171A-Type 1 PROPER'i'lES OF CAST PJ..ATES OF TWO
Galvanic ancdlze, MIIrM-3171A-Type 4 THICKNESSES. (9)
Sealed chrome pickle, MllrM-3171A-Type 2
Anodize, MilrM-45202
Dilute chromic acid, MilrM-3171B
Stannate immersion
HAE ancdlze, MllrM-45202 (ORD)
4.043 For elevated temperature applications, the anodize treat-
mont (Milr M-45202) is pr11fened because it is stable to
tho melting point of the alloy. The best paints for sorvlce
at 500 to GOOF are the straight Gillcone resins followed by
the sillcone-mcdlfled epoxies o.r epoxy phenolic systems. HZ32A
In the 400 to 50&F range, other promising resins are SAN!.}- CAST
epoxy esters and various combinations of phenolics and CONDmONT5
epoxies (18). 15

1.5
HZ:.l2A
400F
CASTINGS 1-"'
CONDITION T5 / ......
-
v
1.3 572F
600 AND 662F

Q! . . :~
i
I/ sv~

~
i5
u
..v
~,;
v

~
iSo.s
.... v
~/i
0
0
0
0
?//
Vi - OL------L----~------~----~~
~0.7 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
/~ STRAIN - PERCENT
~ v
FIG. 3.03111 TENSILE STRES8-STRAIN CURVES. (6)
f:lrn0.5
1 10 100 1000 10,000
TIME- HOURS

FIG. 1.092 SHRINKAGE DUE TO EXPOSURES AT ELEVATED

TEMPERATURES. (1)
MgC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: DECEMBER 1969

40
Mg HZ32A
SAND-CAST
3.2 Th CONDITION T5
30
2. I Zn
0. 7 Zr

HZ32A

--EACH POINT IS THE AVERAGE OF THREE TESTS

ON CAST TEST BARS.

--EACH POINT IS THE AVERAGE OF FROM 22 TO HZ32A I

15
88 TESTS ON TEST BARS CUT FROM 4 CASTING SAND-CAST 400F
CONFIGURATIONS, EACH WEIGHING ABOUT 10 10
CONDITION T5 . I I
POUNDS AND HAVING A MAXIMUM SECTION
THICKNESS OF ABOUT 1.0 INCH. 5
11-1-J-I-I...J. u IJJ I I I till I I I U 1 II
40 :::r-1 II+ I-
--RANGE OF RESULTS OBTAINED ON MANY
TEST BARS CUT FROM 4 CASTING CONFIG-
URATIONS, EACH WEIGHING ABOUT 10 LBS
AND HAVING MAXIMUM TIIICKNESS OF
1 ABOUT 1.0 INCH.
15 f--- I I I I I
500F
--CAST TEST BARS
10
0 200 300 400 500
TEMPERATURE- F f+f 1-J.J-, fl-l- U-UL II I II I rTTi

-- r--
5
1-1-
FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE
.......
PROPERTIES. (10)(11)(12)

"' 1
~15 GOOF
=
tho
35 r---~--~---,---r---~ 5 -1-U rr-r
HZ32A
SAND-CAST TEST BARS
CONDITION T5
ll/11 If attJ- N-r +Jm rrn
mnon
15 650F
10

5
rrrr,...,

lll1 I /IJ] I1
1
0.1 1 10
rrmDL~nn
100 1000
TIME - HOURS

FIG. 3.041 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND STRESS ON TilE TIME

TO 0.1 PERCENT CREEP EXTENSION. (12)

0 ~--~--~--~---._--~
0 200 400 GOO 800 1000
TEMPERATURE - F

FlG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN STRAIN RATE

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES AT DIFFERE~IT
TEMPERATURES. (13)
 REVISED: DECEMBER 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

'
\
20 HZ32A I Mg
BAND-CAST 4()0F
15
10
CONDITION T5 3. 2 Th
IIIII/I ffiiV ltm m: 2. I Zn
5
I I I I
--RANGE OF RESULTS OBTAINED ON MANY 0. 7 Zr
TEST BARS cur FROM 4 CASTING CONFI~
URATIONS, EACH WEIGHING ABOur 10 :r.Jii
AND HAVING MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF
ABOUT 1.0 INCH. HZ32A
1
15 I----CAST TEST BAllS 500F
10

5
11-11-f.JJ..I.J 11+1 .L :1-lJ m --

~
I 1
!1!15 GOOF

~10
5 ~H-HH I+ ~/@[ rrrr irrrrn-
~~
:..rt:1

~ 20
15
JiZ32A
SAND-CAST
CC I'<"DI noN T5
T
4~0F
1 10 WT
15 650F
10 5

'-,--..-' 5 tmmm ~
- - RANGE 0}," RESULTS OBTAINED ON
MANY TEST BARS cur FROM 4 CASTING
CONFIGURATIONS, EACH WEIGHING A-
~ fJ..LJ ~ W1 BOur 10 LBS AND HAVING MAXIMUM
fiTJill nL
~ P1
THICKNESS OF ABOUT 1.0 INCH.

15 1----CASTTEST BARS 500F

Ill
0.1 1 10
TIME- HOURS
100 1000
10

5
-....
-- 1--

FIG. 3.042 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND STRESS ON THE

TIME TO 0.2 PERCENT CREEP EXTENSION. (12)

GOOF

w..1m
5
:.Jlllfl IJr.
rran trrr n-,..,.
~"""'-'-
ftail1 ~
1
15 G50F
10 "-
fll1lJli ~
5 firrrn 1'"-lJ.
IT-r-1
f-lJJ1 ~
~ rtrn
1
0.1 10 100 1000
TIME- HOURS
...... ~

FIG. 3.043 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND STRESS ON THE

TIME TO 0.5 PERCENT CREEP EXTENSION. (12)
 ~u~r~~~UU~ ALLUT~ REVISED: DECEMBER 1969

REFERENCES ,.
......... ~. ~
Mg 1. "Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Met:lls
Handbook, 8th Edition, Volume 2 (1964), pp. 92-297.
3. 2 Th 2. "Recommended Practices for Sand casting Aluminum
and Magnesium Alloys," book published by the American
2. I Zn Foundrymen's Society, 2nd Edition (1965), Chapter 14,
pp. 79-85.
0. 7 Zr 3. "Magnesium Teclmical Service Manual for Aircraft
8
structures of Magnesium Sheet, Extrusions, Forgings,
and Castings," Dow Chemical Company, Mct:ll Product.s
HZ32A Department, Midland, Michigan {JWle 23, 1967).
4. Nelson, K. E., "New Specification for High-Strength
Magnesium Castings," Foundry, Volume 91 (1963),
pp. 58-61.
5. "Properties of Magnesium Casting Alloys," ASM Mct:lls
Handbook, 8th Edition, Volume 1 (1961), pp. 1095-1112.
G. ''Design," booklet published by Magnesium Elektron
Limited, 1270 Avenue of the Americas, New York,
New York, 10020.
7. Jensen, J. W., ''Damping Capacity--Cau se Wld Effects,"
I.Jght Metal Age, Volume 22 (December, 1964), pp. 4-8.
8. Nelson, K. E., "Magnesium Sand-Casting Alloys
Contnlnlng Thorium," TrWlSnctions American Foundry-
men's Society, Volume 61 (1953), pp. 315-325.
9. Lagnwskl, B., and Meier, J. W., "Premium strength
In Sand-Cast Magnesium Alloys," TrWlSactlons AFS,
Volume 72 (1964), pp. 673-685.
10. "The Selection and Application or Magnesium nnd
Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals Handbook, 8th Edition,
Volume 1 (1961), pp. 1067-1086.
11. Nelson, K. E., ''TcnsUe and creep Properties at
Elevated Temperatures of Some Magneslum-B: lsc
Snnd-Cn&tlng Alloys," ASTM Proceedings, Volume 54
300 400 500 600 700 (1954), pp. 1081-1097.
TEMPERATUR E - F 12. Nelson, K. E., "FoWldry Chnrnctorlstic s and Properties
of Magnesium Sand-Castllllf Alloy IIZ32XA," Transactions
FJG. 3.052 EFFECT OF TEMPERATUR E ON FATIGUE AFS, Volume 63 (1955), pp. 596-605.
STRENGTH OF SMOOTH MACIIJNED SPECIMENS 13. Fenn, Jr., R. W., and Gusnck, "Effect or strain Rate
AT 107 AND 108 CYCLES TO FAILURE. (14) and Temperature on the Strenglh or Magnesium Alloys,"
ASTM Proceedings, Volume 58 (1958), pp. 685-696.
14. Ball, C. J. P., et. al., "Further Progress in thG
Development of Magnesium- Zirconium Alloys to Give
Good Creep and Fatigue Properties Between 500 and
650F," Trnnsnctlons AIMME, Volume 197 (1953), p. 924.
15. Buckelew, II. C. , "Magnesium Alloy Usc Cuts Aircraft
Wheel Cost, Weight," SAE Journal, Volume 72 (April,
1964), pp. 90-94.
16. Fcnn, Jr., R. W., "Young's Modulus or Magnesium
Alloys As a FWlction of Temperature a."1d Metallurgical
Variables," ASTM Proceedings, Volume 58 (1958),
pp. 826-837.
17. "Machining Magnesium," booklet by Dow Chemical
Company, Met:ll Products Department, Midland,
Michigan, Form No. 141-288-66 (1964).
18. "Magnesium Finishing Military Applications," booklet
by Dow Chemical Company, Metal Products Department,
Midland, Michigan, Form No. 141-288-67.
19. ''The Corrosion of 'Magnesium Alluys," ASM Mot:lls
llnndbook, 8th Edition, Volume 1 (1961), pp. 10&6-1094.
20. AMS 4447B (May 1, 1968).
21. Magnesium Processing, Bulletin No. 48. Nationnl
Fire Protective Association, 60 Battcrymarck street,
I Boston, Massachusett.s 02110.
-.- IIZ32A SAND-CAST
~ CONDITION T5
i---
0
0
0
....
5
0 100 200 300 400 500 GOO
TEMPERATUR E - F

FIG. 3.0621 EFFECT OF TEMPERATl.JRE ON TENSION MODULUS.

(16)
 RELEASED SEPTEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AUTHOR J. R. KATTUS

-~-"'
~.)I' 1. GENERAL 1.06 Hardness
~
ZK61A is a magnesium sand-casting and invesbnent- 1.061 Hardness of sand castings in d!Herent heat-treated con-
casting alloy, which has an outstanding combination or ditions, Thble 1. 061.
strength and ductility in the age-hardened condition. It TABLE 1 o51 6 Zn
was developed to provide castings \vith a very high Alloy ZK61A
strength-to-weig ht ratio Cor use in aerospace applica- Form Sand Cast 0.8 Zr
tions at temperatures up to about 350F (1). The Source (1)
achievement or this goal resulted in somewhat poorer Condition BHN RE
foundry characteristics-- nuidity, microporoslty, hot- F* 58-65 65-70 ZK61A
cracking tendency-than most or the other magnesium T5 65-70 75-80
alloys. This alloy has excellent machinability but poor T6 65-75 75-82
weldabillty. Its corrosion resistance Is similar to that As-cast
of most otiler magnesium alloys; for long-time expo-
sures to marine or industrial environments, chemical
treatment followed by painting is recommended. 1.062 Effect of temperature on hardness, Figure 1. 062.

1.01 Commercial DeSi!l!!!ltiOn Forms and Conditions Avallahle

1.07
ZK61A
Produced primarily as sand castings; has been used to
a small extent as invesbneat castings; used in the T4
1.02 Alternate Designations
(solution-treated ), T5 (artificially aged), and T6 (solu-
ZK61
tlon-irealed and artificially aged) conditions.
1.03 SpecU!cations
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice (7)(8)(9)
AMS4444A ZK61A is melted in g&B-flred or oil-fired crucible-
ASTM BS0-68, B403-67
type furnaces. The same steel container should be
Federal QQ-M-5Gb (1) used for both melting and pouring because of the ex-
MIL-M-46062A cessive losses of zirconium If the molten metal Is
SAE 513 transferred from a melting crucible to a casting cruci-
ble. Since losses of zirconium arc greater when pre-
1.04 Composition alloyed Ingots arc melted, most foundries start with
Tuble 1.04. primary magnesium and add zinc .md zirconium at
about 1450F by piunging them below the surface or the
melt. Zinc Is added as pure metal and zirconium as a
TABLE 1 04 magnesium-zirco nium master alloy containing 30-50
Alloy ZK61A percent zirconium or as zirconium tetrachioride salt.
Source AMS 4444 A(2), ASTM B89-68, B403-67 Zinc losses are negligible, but zirconium recovery is
Percent Percent only about 10-50 percent, depending upon the foundry
Element Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum conditions. About 3 pounds of crucible nux per 100
Zinc 5.5 6.5 5.5 6.5 pounds of metal Is used to prevent burning and to trap
Zirconium (total) 0.6 1.0 0.6 1.0 Impurities. This nux Is a mixture of magnesium
Zirconium (soluble)* 0.6 - -
- - chiorlde with vsrlous other chlorides and nuorides.
Copper - 0.10 0.10 Since zirconium Is an extremely effective grain refiner,
Nickel - 0.01 - 0.01 no further graln refining treatment.s are necessary.
Otha~s (total)
Magnesium
- 0.30
Remainder
- 0.30
Rcmnindcr
For pouring, the nux Is skimmed from the melt, and a
mixture of sulCur and boric acid Is dusted onto the sur-
Soluble zirconium is that portion ilf the zirconium that is face to prevent burning. The normal pouring tempera-
soluble in 1:4 hydrochioric acid held below Its boiling point. ture Is about 1425F. When the mc.lten metal is held be-
low 1400F, zirconium settles out as an Insoluble mat-
erial; above 1500F, however, the alloy tends to absorb
Iron, which Is a detn:nentallmpu rity, from the cruci-
ble. During melting, tlterefore, the metal should be
1.05 Heat Treatment brought to 14001'" as quickly as possible and held be-
Table 1.05. tween 1425 P.nd 1475F until poured.

1.09 Special Connlderatlons

TABLE 1 05 1.0!11 The attainment of Cine grain size and associated opti-
ZK61A mum stren!;'.h Ia hlghiy dependent upon the amount of
Alloy
3) 4) ) soluble zirconium in the alloy as illustrated in Figure
Source
Solution A c 1.091. This type of zirconium Is in solid solution in
Temp 1lme Cool Temp Time the alloy rather than distributed in metallic-psrtlcle
Treatment
F hr F hr Corm. The maximum attainable soluble zirconium
930 5 n.b. (b) content Ia 0.85 percent and the minimum Cor accepta-
T4 Solution(a)
300 48 ble properties ts about 0. GO percent (1). Good melting
T5 Artificial Age
T6 As Cast + Solution(a) 930 5 a. b. (b) 265 48 practice and temperature control as discussed in
+ Arti(lclal Age Section 1. 08 are essential Cor tbe production of the
(a) Alternate solution: 900 F, 10 hr. proper soluble zirconium content.
(b) a. b. -air bl1111t 1.092 It Is essential in producing this alloy that all equipment
and scrap metal be controlled to prevent contamina-
tion with aluminum, Iron, manganese, and silicon.
These elements remove zirconium from the melt.

Effects or variations In heat-treating conditions (solu- 2. PHYSICAl, AND CHEMICAL 'PROPERTIES

1.051
......_ tion time, cooling method, and aging time) on the ten-
sile properties or chilled casting, Figure 1. 051. 2.01 Thermal Properties
Melting range. 985-ll75F (8).
l~ 1.052 ZK61A - F (as cast) also age hardens at room tempera- 2.011
ture, 10 months' aging resulting in properties equiva- 2.012 Phase changes. 1o the as-cast (F) condition, massive
lent to those produced by the T5 heat treabnent (6). magnesium-zinc compounds occur at the grain
IYilf~

NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED SEPTEMBER 1970

3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature i.

boundaries, and smaller magnesium-zinc and zircon-
'-
MQ ium-zinc compounds form within the alpha magnesium 3.021
3.0211
Tension.
Stress-strain diagrams, Figure 3. 0211.
grains. During solution treatment, most of the com-
6 Zn pounds go into solution ln the alpha magnesium, and 3.0212 Typical tensile properties, Table 3. 0212.
the)l 1epreclpltate ln finely dispersed form during ag-
0.8 Zr ing (11). If heat-treated ZK61A Is held at 250F and TABLE3 0212
above for extended periods, over-aging occurs, during Alloy ZKG1A
which the precipitates coagulate and grow causing 11 Form Castings
deterioration of mechanical properties. Source (6)(16)(17)
ZK61A 2.0121 Time-temperature-transformation diagrams. Type Ftu Fty e
2.013 Thermal conductivltv. Table 2.013. Castings Condition Specimen ksl ksl I (2in)
sand F Separate cast 40 21 11
TABLE 2 013 T5 Separate cast 41.5 28.5 6.5
Alloy ZK61A T6 Separate cast 46 30 10
Form Castings ro Cut from castings 41 29 5
Source (8) (12) Investment T6 Separate cast 44 29 10
Thermal Conductivity
Condition Temperature, F Btu rt per (ft2 hr F)
T6 68 63 3.0213 Effect of section thickness on tcnsih: properties,
All 212-570 51 Figure 3. 0213.
3.0214 Effect of end chill on tensile properties or cast plates
of two thicknesses, Figure:;, 0214 .
2.014 Thermal expansion. 14.5 " 10-6 per F from 68 to
.r 3.022 Compression
212F (8). 3. 0221 Stress-strain diagrams.
2.015 Specific beat. 0. 25 Btu per (lb F) (approximate) at 3.0222 Compressive yield strength of castings In diffe..:-~t
78F (13). heat-treated conditions, Table 3. 0222.
2.016 Thermal dlfiuslvlty.
Alloy
TABLE 3 022
ZKG1A
-
2.02 Other Physical Properties f'orm sand ('.ast
2.021 Density. 0.066lb per in3 (8). Source (1)
2.022 Electrical properties. Condition Specimen Fcy-ksl
2.0221 Electrical conductivity. T6 condition: 27 percent
lACS conductivity. F Separate casl 18
2.0222 Electrical resistivity. T6 condition: 2.52 microhm- T5 25.1
inch at 68F (8). TG 29.2
2.023 Magnetic properties.
2.024 Emittance. 3.023 Impact.
2.025 Damping capacity. 3.0231 Impact strengti1 of castings In different heat-treated
condil:lons, Tnble 3. 0231.

2.03 Chemical Properties TABLE 3 0231

ZK61A, like other magnesium alloys, corrodes In in- Alloy ZK61A
dustrial, marine, and moist environments. For long- Form Sand Cas!
time applications under these conditions, therefore, Source (I)
suitable surface coating Is recommended to protect the Charpy Impact, [t lb
metal and to Insulate contact surfaces from gnlvanic Condition Specimen V notch No notch
corrosion. Coated parte are suitable for exposure to F Scparatll cast 3.5 20
all natural environments except continuous Immersion T5 2.5 14
In water (14)(15). For a discussion or galvanic cor- T6 3.5 18
rosion, see Code 3601, Section 2. 0312.
2.031 Snfety precautions should be directed to the prevention
of fires, burns, and explosions. (sec llZ32A, Code 3.024 Bending.
3408, Section 2. 032) 3.025 Torsion and shear.
3.0251 Shear strength for separate sand-cast test specimens
2.04 Nuclear Properties (1).
F condition: F su =24.5 ksl
T5 condition: Fsu = 24.8 ksi
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES T6 condition: Fsu = 26.5 ksi
3.026 Bearing.
3.01 Specified Mecha:llcal Properties 3.027 StTess concentration.
Table 3.01. 3.0271 Notch properties.
3.0272 Fracture toughness.
3.028 Combined properties.

TABLE3 01 3.03 Mechanicnl Properties at Various Temperatures

Alloy ZK61A 3.031 Tension.
Form Castings 3.0311 Stress-strain diagrams.
Ftu Fty e 3.0312 Effect of temperature on tensile properties, Figure
Type min min min 3.0312.
Specification Casting ColXI Specimen ksi ksl :121n) 3.032 Compression.
AMS4444 A Sand T5 S<:parate cast (single) 39 26 5 3.0321 Stress-strain diagrams.
(2) I Cut from casting 34 24 3 3.033 Impact.
(average 4 or more) 3.034 Bending.
('u from casting 30 21 2 3.035 Thrsion and shear.
(single) 3,036 Bearin.,;.
ASTM BBO- Sand 3.037 Stress concentration.
68 T6 Separate Cast(single) 39 26 5 3.0371 Notch properties.
JUiTM 8403- Invest- T6 1 :;cparatc cast (single) 40 25 5 3.0372 Fracture toughness.
67 ment 3.038 Combined properties.
;'
\.....> 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties I
I
' I~
3.041 Effect of temperature on stresses to cause 0. 2 percent ZK61A
and 0.5 percent creep In 100 hours, Flgm-e 3.041.
60 SAND CAST
Mg
CONDITION T6 6 Zn
3.05 Fatigue Properties
3.051 Rotating beam fatigue strength of nol<lhed and smooth 0.8 Zr

3.06
specimens, Figure 3. 051.

llastlc Properties
"~
3.061
3.062
Poisson's ratio.
Modulus of elasticity. All conditions: 6500 ksi (14).
~ ZK61A
3.063 Modulus of rigidity.
'\ '\.
4. FABRICATION

4.01 Formability ~
4.02 Machining and Grinding 20
4.021 'This alloy, like other magnesium alloys, has excep- 0 100 200 300 400 500
tionally good machinnbil!ty, which enables It to be TEMPERATURE- F
machined at high speeds and feeds (8)(14)(19)(see also
HZ32A, Code 3408, Section 4. 021). FIG. 1.062 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON HARDNESS.
(18)
4. 03 Welding
ZK61A has poor weldabil!ty In comparison with most
other magnesium alloys and is not recommended for
use In applications requiring appreciable welding.
When welding Is required, helium-or argon-gas
shielded arc teclmlques with tWlgsten or consumable
electrode and EZ33A filler metal should be used. A
Stress-relieving treatment of 500F for 5 hours Is
recommended after welding (8)(13)(14)(20).

Surface Treatment
(see AM100A, Code 3509, Section 4.041 through 4. 044)

sor-----~------r------.----~r-----~-----,
ZK61A 1
SAND CAST
CONDITION T6

. . ---=--.
45:::;:;_-
. --
- --r---p==-t=-.::::-.:::
---..:::::::-----
_j_

40
~----~~~--~~~=-=-=-=-t~=-=-=-~~~==~--
_ _ 2HR/930F (S.A.) + 48lffi/265F
____ 5 HR/930F (S.A.) + 48 Jffi/265F
_ _ 5 HR/930F (A.B.)+ 48 HR/265F

:.: 35
~
I
1----=--- 5 HR/930F (A.B.)+ 96 HR/2G5F
s. A.: STILL-AIR COOLING
A. B.: AlRBLAST COOLING

30 t:--.
-....;:::::.::::;::-.-- FTY
'-.. . . . . .::.::: ---- ----t---- ----
25 ~ ............
.......... .... _____ _ i---::::::!=====1==--l
--

"!'-- - ---- --- ----

20~--4--~=====t====~====~==~20
:::::::--- e(2 IN) 15 ~
-...:::::::-._::--::::- 0
--
- I
- - - --
--= . .:.= ::::"
----=-.:___.:-::F.-
-- ei
=-=F=::. ,_,..,, 10 "'
5
2 3 0 o.~ 0.4 o.s
DISTANCE FROM CHILL- INCHES SOLetiLE ?::11H'ON.UM- PERCENT

FIG. 1.051 EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN HEAT TREATING CONDITIONS FIG. 1. 091 E."~'ECT OF SOLUBLE ZffiCONIUM
(SOLUTION TIME, COOLING METHOD, AND AGING TIME) COL'-'TENT ON TENSILE STRENGTH
ON THE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF CIULLED CASTING. (4) AND GRAIN SIZE. (1)(6)(10)

~ 1fl':'n nnlr....... IO:tnlnn lnp

CODE 3409
 35
Mg ZK61A
SAND CAST TEST BAllS
6 Zn I
30 CONDITION T6
0.8 Zr I
CONDITION T5
ZK61...!
50 SAND CASTJNGS
25
ZKGIA ~ND~TioN T6
FTU r
40 i
20 e 1.0 INCH SECTION
til 0 2.0 INCH SECTION
~ ~
30 ~

15 FTY ~- . ~
20 20
~
10

~ ::-~- ~
5

e(2r
0
0 1 2 3 4
0.2 0.4 DISTANCE FROM CHILL- INCHES
0.6 0.8 1.0
STRAIN - PERCENT
FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF END CHILL ON
FIG. 3.0211 STRESS-ST RAIN DtAGRAMS. TENSILE PROPERTI ES OF CAST
(6)
PLATES OF 1WO THICKNESSES. (4)

ZK61A
SAND CAST
TEST BARS
40 1-----+- ..,.,.--11 --coND rnoN T6

50
1
ZKG 1A
SAND CASTING S-
_l
30
CONDITION T6
~ til
FTU ~
40 201------1-----1----4-~r---1---~

30
......_
10.1- --+-- -+--- 1----t --t
F"'--.
TY

20 20 o~---~----r----r----r--;40

/ 1---.
/. e(2,IN)

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 0 100 200 300 400
THICKNES S- INCHES
TEMPERA TURE- F
FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF SECTION Tll!CKNESS ON
FIG. 3. 0312 EFFECT OF TEMPERA TURE ON
TENSILE PROPERTI ES. (4) TENSILE PROPER'n ES. (1)

1970, Belrour Stulen, Inc.

c........,..,.: 14
MQ
6 Zn
12
0.8 Zr

10
ZK61A

iiJ
:.:

REFERENCES

1. Meier, J. W., "Characterist ics o lligh-Strength Mag-

nesium Casting Alloy ZK61," Transactions AFS,
Volume 61 (1953) pp. 719-728.
2. AMS 4444 A (May 1, 1968).
3. "Heat Treatment o Mll!,'Jlesium Alloys," ASM Metals
Handbook, 8th Edition, Volume 2 (1964) pp. 292-297.
OL---~~--~----~----~ 4. Lagowskl, B., and Meier, J, W., "Premium Strength
200 300 400 in Sand Cast Magnesium Alloys," Transactions AFS,
TEMPERATU RE- F Volume 72 (1964) pp. 673-685.
5. Heat Treating Sand and Permanent Mold Magnesium
FIG. 3.041 EFFECT OF TEMPERATU RE ON Castings, Form 141-35-68, The Dow Chemical Company
STRESSES TO CAUSE 0.2 PERCENT Metal Products Department (1968).
AND 0.5 PERCENT CREEP IN 100 6, Meier, J. W., and Martinson, M. W., "Development
HOURS. (1) o High-Strength Magnesium Casting Alloy ZK61,"
Transactions AFS, Volume 58 (1950) pp. 742-751.
7. Crucible Melting o Magnesium Alloys, Bulletin No.
181-27, The Dow Chemical Company, Magnesium
Sales Department.
8, Recommended Practices for Ssnd Casting Aluminum
and Magnesium Alloys, book published by the American
Foundrymen's Society, Second Edition (1965).
9, Saunders, W. P. , and Strieter, F. P. , "Alloying
Zirconium to Magnesium," Transactions AFS, Volume
60 (1952) pp. 581-590.
10. Meier, J. W., "Heducing Cost o Evaluating Magnesium
Castings," Modern Castings, Volume 37 (February
1960) pp. 44-50.
11. Holdeman, G. E., "Metallograph y in the Magnesium
Foundry," Transactions AFS, Volume 64 (1956)
pp. 698-708.
19 12. Cast Metals Handbook, 4th Edition (1957) pp. 280-
ZK61A 284, Published by the American Foundrymen' s Society.
SAND-CAST 13. "Properties o Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals Hand-
TEST BARS book, 8th Edition, Volume J (1961) pp. 1095-1112.

""
17 14. Hallowell, J. B., and Ogden, 11. R., "An Introduction

~
to Magnesium Alloys," DMIC Report 206 (August 26,
CONDITION T6 SMOOTH 1964) Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio.

15
['...
- 1-
15.

16.
"Corrosion o Magnesium Alloys, " ASM Metals
Handbook, 8th Edition, Volume 1 (1961) pp. 1086-1094.
Nelson, K. E., "New SpllCif!cations for High-Strength
Magnesium Castings," Foundry, Volume 91
(December 1963) pp. 58-62.
13 t-o ~''"oon 17. Pellegrini, C. J., "Investment Cast Zirconium- Bearing
Magnesium-B ase Alloys," Transactions AFS, Volume
I 70 (1962) pp. 1229-1234.
CONDITION T6 18, Lcontis, T. E., "Tbe Room and Elevatcd-Tem purature
Properties o Some Sand Cast Magnesium-B ase Alloys
::::~--~~ ~
11 1-

9
H ~ 1

107
- 19.
Containing Zinc," Transactions AIME, Volume 180
(1949) pp. 287-321.
Magneslum Technical Service Ropalr Manual for
Alrcrnlt Structures or Magnesium Sheet, Extrusions,
Forgings, and Castings, The Dow Chemical Compaey
,. ' CYCLES TO FAILURE Metal Products Department (Juno 23, 1967).
20. Arc Welding Magnesium, Form No. 141-400-67
FIG. 3.051 HOTATING BEAM FATIGUE STRENGTH OF (revised), Tbe Dow Chemical Company, Metal Product
NOTCHED AND SMOOTH SPECIMENS. (1) Department, (1965).

CODE 3409
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS ------

1. GBNBRAL 1.07 Forms and Condltionl Available

Tbb beat treatable magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy" is one 1.071 SQtld exaus!OiiS liiid lOt8ID8il are avaUable lo all commer- Mg
of the saoagest alloys for forgings and solid extrw~lons for cial sizes for ma;:neslum alloys.
service up to 300 F. It Is available In various condition" 1.072 &llld extruaioos are avallable l.a.lhe P and 'ISCondltlonl,
8.5 AI
It bas limited dw:tlllty at room tempemture. It is dlfflcult 1.073 Forgings are avallable lu the F, 'IS and T6 Condltl001,
to forge and its uae, tberefore, limited to press forging at
0.5 Zn
ll slow mte. Welds l.a. lhls alloy require stress relief. 1.08 Melting and Casting Pmctice. See AZ 31 B.

1.01 Commercial De!gnatlon. AZ 80 A. 1.09 Special Cooslderatinos. See AZ 31 B also.

AZ 80 A
1.091 Stress relief is required after forming and welding to prevent
1.02 Altemate Dellgoatlons. AZ 80 X. Dowmetal 01, Mazlo streSs cmclclog.
AMC 58 S (all obsolete). 1,092 Forging tbls alloy Is dlfflcult.

1.03 Specl.flcatloos. Table 1. 03.

2. PHYSICAL AND CHBMICAL PROPBRTIBS
2,01 Tbeunal Properties
For;;BLP,I 03
Federal 2.011 Melting range. 81!0 to 1115 F.
Q9M40 2.012 Pnas e changes. Alloy is subject to precipitation.
2,013 Thermal conductivity. 29.0 Btu ft per (br aq ft P).
2.01f Thermal exp3.0Sion. See AZ 31 B.
1. 04 Composition. Table 1. 04. 2,015 Speclflc heat. 0. 25 Btu per (1b F).
2.016 Thermal dlffu&ivlty. 1. 08 sq it per br.

TABLE I 04 2.02 Otber Poyslca! Properdes

! 50urce AMS l 2.021 Density. o.
0649lb per cu ln. 1. 80 gr per cu em.
2.022 mectrlcsl resistivity. 5. 71mtcrohm ln.
Percent 2.023
Mlo Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic.
Max
Aiumloum 7.8 9.2 2. 03 Chemlca! Properdes. &me as AZ 31 B.
Zloc 0.20 0.8
Manganese 0.12 (a) - 2.04 Nuclear Propertles. See Ai 31 B.
SUicon - 0.30 (b)

---
Copper 0.05
Nickel o.oos 3, MBCHANICAL PROPBRTIBS
Iron 0.005
Otber Impurities (total) - 0.30 3.01 Sj>eel.fied Mecilanica! Properties
Magnesium Balance 3.011 AMS and producers' s pecl.lled meclwl1ca! properties, Table
(al Dow gives 0.15 3.011.
(b) Dow gi ves 0:05 TABLR 3.01
Source 2 AMSt:l
Alloy AZSOA
Form Bxtrualonl Forging~ P.aod
Ole Forglnp
IPotginp
'~;on~ on F T5 F TS_ T5 T5
Tblclcneu - in Under ~.250to
0 250 I 499
.SOD to 2.500to Under
499 5 000 0.250
0.250to l.SOQto ~.SPOto
.499 2 499 .000
- - <2
<50 lb
>2
-Ia\
2:50lb
lhl -
-- o
Fw mlo bl 43 43 43 42 47 48 48 45 42 42 42 34 42
Fry min bi 28 28 28 27 30 33 33 30 26 28 30 22 26 28
e, mlo - percent 9 9 8 4 5 4 4 2 5 2 2 2 3 2
-
--
-
-- -- --
Fey min
--
kll 17 17 17 28 27 26 18 25 -
Fsu min
Fbru' min
bl
kll
19 19 19 19 21 21 - 20 20 -
-- -- -- --
-
-- -- -- --
( e /0.1.5) 48 48 48 48 50

Fbry min
( e/0.. 2,0) 56
- kat
56 56 56 - 70

--
.. -
-- -- -- -- -
--
(e/D-1.5) 36 36 36 36 42
(e/02.0)
Hanlneu (c)
40 40 40 40 - - 50
-
IJiN, min
(a) Individual Specimen
- - - - - - - - - - - - 82 70
(b) Average of 8 Specimen
(c) 1000 Kg IOmm.

1.05 Heat Treatment.

1.051 Stress relief after forming or welding.
1.0511 F Condition, 500 F, 15 miD..
1.0512 'I'5 Condition. 400 F, 1 br.
1.0513 T6 Condliion. 600 F, 1/4 hr.
1.052 Solution treat for:glnjts to T4 Condition. 750 F, 2 to 4 br,
air cool.
1.053 Age F Condition to 'I'5 Condition. 350 F, U br.
1.054 Age T4 Condition of forgings to T6 Co~dltlon. 350 P, 24 br.

1.06 Hardenablllty. Alloy hardens fully In all section sizes on 3.02 ~hanlca! Properdes at Room Temperature. ~e 3.03alo.
aging either hot worked or solution treated material. 3,021 Typical mechanical properdes, Table 3. 021.

CODE 3501
PAGE
w-vww 1

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

TABLE 3.021 4. 012 Forming of extrusions In the T5 Con:lltion can be best per-
Mg SOurce 2)(3 formed at 380 F, with the time at temperature limited to 1
8.5 hr.
AI Wov AZSOA
4. 013 Forging of tbls alloy Is dWlcult and, therefore, limited to
Form Extrusions Forging~ Extrusions For :lngs
0.5 Zn r.nnrlll'tnn F T TS T6 press forging simple deslsns. In addition, the ra1e of de-
formaticn should be low. Hammer forgings are not general-
Thickness - In <
1.500
.500 to
5.000 - <
1.500
1.500 to
5.000 - - ly produced. Upset forging should be preceded by beatlng
at 750 to 775 F, for 2 to 6 br, to prevent hot shortness.
AZ 80A Fw - lcsl 49 48 46 55 53 to 5( 50 50
Fty
e,
-
percent
lcsl 36
11
35
9
31
8
38 to40 39to 31
7
34 34 4. 02 Machining. Slme as AZ 31 B.
6 6 5
Fey -- lcsl
ksl - 25 35 32to 31 28 27 4. 03 Welding. Bxauslons and forgings can be welded In all con-
Psu
F!Jru - lcsl
22 22 24 23 - ditions by the Inert bUS electric arc method. No Jlux Is ne-
cessary. The preferred welding rod I:; AZ 9l A. Welded
(e/0 = 2.0)
Fbry lcsl
68 - - 80 - assemblies mu;t be stress relieved to avoid cmcldng.
(e/0 = 2.0) 48 - - - - 4. 04 Heatlng and Heat Treating. Sec AZ 63 A.

4.05 Surface Treating. See AZ 63 A.

3.022 Stress strain curves In tension and compression for torglngs,
Fig. 3.022.
3.023 Bf!ect of exposure to elevated lempemtures on tensUe pro-
perties of extrusions, Fig. 3. 023.
3.024 BUect of stress concentration on nnll:h stteogth ratio of ex-
trusions, Fla. 3. 024.

3.03 Mechanical Propertles at Various Tempemlllres

3.031 Sbort tlme tension properties
3.0311 BCCect of exposure and lest lemperalllre on teosUe proper-
ties of extrusions and forgings, Fig. 3. 0311.
3.032 Sbort tlme properties other than tension
3.033 Sfatlc stress concentration effects

3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties

3.041 Total strain curves for forgings at 200 and ~00 P, Pis.
3.041.

3.05 Fat!sue Properties

3.051 Fat!sue properties of extrusions and forgings, Table 3. 051.

TABLB 3 .051
tsoun:e (:>, p. 4.11 4.116)
IPonn ri\ Rlrl ruolnno > l'nralna.
Cond Temp Method Stress SUess Fatigue Strength - ksi
p Ratio Concen- at Cycles
~ tmtion 1o6 UP
107 108
(l)P RT Rot co -1 Smooth 1!5 to 3C 23 to28 1 to26 20 to24
(2) p beam (K =1) 8 to30 4 to26 0 to22 18 to20
(2)T4
(2)T5
-
21 to24 18 to 21 16 to 18
26 ta3C 22 to25 19 to21 16 to 19
(2)T6 23 to2 19 to22 16 to19 14 to 16
(1) p RT Rev co -1 As ex-
bend truded 19 to2 13 to 16 12 to 14 -
(2)T6 AI forged 16to20 13to 16 12 to 15 -
ll:nnrrP 6
lm-TS .,_
RT Rl'!vheru Smnoth 20 15 12.5 -
(2)T5 Rot co -1 Smooth 25 - 20 18
beam Notched
K=2
16.5 - 9.5 9.5

300 Smooth
Notched
20.5
10.5
-
-
11
6.5
10.5
5
K=2

3.06 Bins tir. Propcrtles

3.061 MO<i:'....sof elasticity, 6500 ksl.
3.062 Modulus of rigidity, 2400 ksl.
3.063 Tangent modulus curves In tension and c<>mpresslon for
extrusions In rs Condition, Pig. 3. 063.

4. FABRICATION 0. 002 0. 004 0. 006 0. 008

STRAIN - IN PER IN
4.01 Forming and Castlng
4.011 Forming of extrusions In the P Condition can be bcst per- PIG. 3. 022 STRilSS STRAIN CURVBS IN TllNSION
formed at 550 P, with the time at temperature llmltal to AND COMPRilSSION FOR FORGINGS
l/2 hr.
(2)

CODE 3501
 MgWT
~EVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Mg-8. SAI-0. 5Zn Mg

EXTRUSIONS
e.t.'t'TS COND
8.5 AI
0 PCOND 0 0.5 Zn
FORGINGS
TSCOND
AZ BOA
0

ln
~

~
11.
200 400 600 800
TEMP- P
0
PIG. 3.023 EFFECT OP E:"<POSURB TO ELBVATBD
TEMPERATURES UN TENSILE PROPER-
TIES OP BXTRUSIONS (4)
0
EXPOSURE
't'.O 10 MIN (2)
20 0
1/2 HR l
1000 HRf ( 4)

oLe==~~~~_L ___L__~____J
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800
TEMP- P

PIG. 3.0311 BPPECT OP EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPBRATURB ON

TENSILE PROPERTIES OP EXTRUSIONS AND FORGINGS
<2X4)

1 1.5 2 2.5 3
STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR- K

PIG. 3. 024 EPP BCT 01' STRESS CONCBNTRA TION

ON NOTCH STRBNG'nl RATIO OP BXTRli-
SIONS (2)

CODE 35011
MQW I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1863

Mg ~~----~------~~----~------~
f.!g-8. 5Al-0.5ZD
FORGINGS
8.5 AI T5COND
t-----~---
0.5

AZ 80A
Zn 20
-..... -.

........ --- --- -t- --

1----- -----:...... ........... 200 F

10 ---
-- .........
..... ".......
8~------r---~~~----~--------~
... - - -
',
~6r-----+----;-'~,---~'~-~~"~
', ' ' \300F '~
4~------~----_,~----~---- ~--~
\ \
\ \
\
2~------~----~~-----4---'~----
\ ~
--1% \
---0.5l U TOTAL STRAIN \
---0.2~ I \
I
0,1 10 1()() 1000
TIMB- HR

FlO. 3.041 TOTAL STRAIN CURVES POR POROINOS AT 200

AND300 P (5)

.........

Mg-8.5Al- 0.5ZD

30
--~'
~ EXTRUSIONS
TSCOND

"
f! 20
r'\\
10
t r... "'\

RBFRRBNCBS
---TBNS ION
--COMPR ESSIOI 1 AMS 4360 C, (Jtme IS, 1952)
0 2 The Dow Clem leal Co., "Mapealu m DealgD." (1957)
0 3 The Dow Clem leal Co., Mapealum Dept., "Mapealu m Alloys
4 6 8
and ProdiiCta," (1958)
1000 KSl
4 The Alumlmlln Co. d. America, "Meclwdc al Prapertlea at
FlO. 3,063 TANOENT MODULUS CURVES IN Various Temperat ure for AZ 80 A," Ale,. ReiCU'Cb I..abol'a-
TENSlON AND COMPRESSION POR
tory Data Sheet, (Aug. 7, 1957)
5 ANCS, "Strqtll d. Metal Aircraft Bleml!lltll," (March 1955)
EXTRUSIONS lN TS CONDITION 6 Otdnance Corpt1 Pampuet, "Ordlwr..e Materials Hudboo1c.
(5) Maguealum and Maglzealum Allays, " ORDP 20-303, (Sept. '1956)

CODE 3501
PAGE 4
 MgWT
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
J. G. SESSLER

1. GENER,~L 2, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

EK31XA Is a heat treatable magnolum alloy containing
the rare earths neodymium and praseodymium
2.01 Thermal Properties Mg
2.011 Melting range.
(didymium) and also zircon! urn as hardeners. The alloy 3 Di
2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subject to precipitation.
Is available In the form of forgings in the TG condition
2.013 Thermal conductivity.
for long Ume service up to 450F, or for shorter 0.5 Zr
At 68F: 36 Btu ft per (Hr sq t F),
periods of service at temperatures up to 55 0F. Up to
At GOOF: 43 Btu ft per (Hr sq t F), (Ref 9).
SOOF, EK31XA forgings are superior to HM21A and
2.014 Thermal expansion.
HK31A forgings in the TS condition. EK 31 XA
2.0141 Thermal coe[[iclent of expansion.
1.01 Commercial Designation At 68F: 14.5 x to-G In per In perF, (Ref 9).
EK31XA.
2.015 Speclfic heat.
1.02 Alternate Designation 0. 25 Btu per (lb F).
None. 2.02 Other Physical Properties
2.0?.1 Density.
1.03 Specifications 0. 0646 lb per cu in
None. 1. 79 gr per cu em.
2.022 E lectrlcal resist! vlty.
1.04 Composition At 68F: 2.83 Microhm, in
Table 1.04. At GOOF: 4, 72 Microhm, ln. (Ref 9).
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagn~tlc.
TABLE 1.04 2.024 Emissivity.
2.025 Damping capnclty.
Source (4) (3)
Percent
2,03 Chemical Properties
Percent
iSee also AZ31B)
Min I Max Nominal 2.031 Corrosion resistance. This alloy is relatively free
Didymium 3.5 4.0 3.2 from stress corrosion cracking.
Zirconium 0.4 1.0 0.6 2.032 The corrosion rate of this alloy is low in the 3 percent
Ba1ce Balance NaCI nltcrnntc inuncrsion test.
Magnesium
2.033 Heference (7) is an excellent reference on corrosion
Didymium, a mixture of rare earth metals, Is essentially protection of magnesium alloys.
85 percent neodymium and 15 percent praseodymium.

2.04 Nuclear Properties

2.041 The large nuclear cross section of rare earth clcment.s
1.05 Heat Treatment makes this alloy unsuitable for auxiliary reactor
1.051 Solution treatment: 1020 to 1030F, 1 hour, hot water equipment where cross section is of slgnlflcnnce.
quench at 130 to 170F, (Ref 1).
1.052 Age solution treated material to TG condition. Heat to
390 to 410F, hold 16 hours, (Ref 1).
1.053 Solution treat rolled rings; 1020 to 1030F, 1 to 4 hours,
hot water quench at 140 to 180F, (Ref 3). 3. MECII,\NICAL PHOPEHTIES
1.054 Age rolled rings to TG condition; Heat to 390 to 410F.
3.01 ~p_ccified Mechanical Properties
hold 16 to 24 hours, (Ref 3).
1.055 Protective atmospheres of 502 or BF2 must be used nt
3.02 Mcchantcnl Properties at Room Temperature
the solution treat temperature of 1025F, (Ref 1).
(See also 3. 03)
1.06 Hardness 3.021 Tension.
1.061 At 70F: 78-81 RE 3.0211 Typical tcnslle properties of forgings. Table 3.0211.
67-71 Brlnell, (Ref I ).
1. Ofl2 This alloy hns a relatively low hardenabillty and
requires hot water quenching to develop full prot>ertles
after solution treating and aging.
TABLE 3.0211
!,07 Forms and Conditions Avnllable
1.071 Forgings are available In the full commercial range of
sizes In the T6 condition. (4) (I)
Source

1.08 Melting and Casting Practice Allov EK31XA

Form Fo!:S!!!Ks Forldn~s (a)
1. 081 Standard melting procedures normally used for
mngneslum alloys are employed for EK31XA. Condition T6 TG
1.082 The alloy Is not recommended for use in the form of A B
castings.
Ftu, ksl 32 45 42
1.09 Special Considerations 26 26 25
Fly, ksl
1.091 This alloy developes Inferior properties If quenching
rate (after solution treatment) Is to slow. Fey. ksl
, percent
-9 24
6
22
4
1.092 Forgings with thin and extended sections should be e
avoided due to possible warping during quenching,
(a) Laboratory forgings, 1 inch thick disks upset from 3 Inch
(Ref!).
diameter by 8 Inch long extruded billet, 90 percent reduction.
1.093 Etchants suitable for micro-(lxaminatlon o! forged
A Forging temperature, GOOF.
mntertallnclude Glycol, Acetic Glycol, Acetic Plcral,
B Forging temperature, 1000F.
and Phospho Plcral, 20 to 30 percent acetic acid Is
used for macroetchlng.
 3.0212 Tensile and compressive properties of die forgings and 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
Mg rolled rings, Table 3. 0212.
3.041 Creep and total strain data for 100 hours time at 300
to 500F Cor forgings, Table 3.041.
3 Di
TABLE 3.041
0.5 Zr TABLE 3.0212
s;;-u~e 11\
Source Form Forgings
EK 31 XA 1---. 131
1 In Thick Disks
Alloy EK31XA 33 In Din Wheel !Impeller
Condition TG
Form Die (b) Forl!imr Torno
Rolled Rings from 12 in Ingot (a) GOOF 1000F
Forgings
Test Direction Axial
Condition T6 TG fp~
;~.:. R~!~l
Time llour 100 Hr
Direction (b) Tang Axial Radial 'T'n~n-).'
(not given 4nn SilO 400 500 300 400 300 400 300 40(
A B A B A B
P"rcss for:
Flu, ksi 45 46 47 47 36 43 38 0.1 percent
Fly' ksi 26 31 37 36 creep, ksi 12.2 3.7 13. ~ 3.5 22 12 25 13 21 13
18 18 17
0.2 percent
Fey' ksi 24 20 22 19 20 23 21 total strain, ksi 10.2 3.5 9.4 3.9 12 10 12 9. 13 8.
0 , percent 6 7 6 5 8 14 12 0.5 percent
total strain, ksl 13.5 5.9 15. ( 5.6 20 14 24 15 20 15
(a) Ring dimcnsion-4 5 in 00 by 4 in square cross section.
3.042 Isochronous stress strain curves at 300 to GOOF Cor
(b) Die forging dat.a is based on limited number of tests.
forgings, Figure 3.042.
A Spocimnns from ID, 00 and surface.
n Specimens from mid radius and center. 3.05 Fatigue Properties
3.051 l'atlguc properties of forgings, Table 3. 051.

TABLE 3.051

&u~c (!)
3.022 Compressio n, (Soc Tables 3.0211 and 3.0212). Form 33 In Din Wheel Forgings
3.023 Impact. Conditlor. Temp Method Stress Stress Fatigue Strength
3.0231 Chnrpy V notch data Cor specimens from forged wheels F Ratio Conccn- ksi at C yc los
In TG condiUon, Axial= 3,0 Cl lbs n tratlon 105 106 107 108
Tangential = I. 5 Ct lbs, (He l).
HT Hotaling -1 Smooth 17 to 13 to llto 10 to
3.024
3.025
Bending.
Torsion and shear.
TG
Beam "' ~ =1 21 16 13 12.5
3.026
3.027
Bearing.
Stress concentratio n.
RT nlrect 0.60 0.2
Stress
27 to 22 to 20 to -
33 26 23
3. 0271
3.0272
Notch propcrUcs.
Fracture toughness.
400F Direct
Stress
23 to 18 to 16 to -
28 21 19
3.02b Combined properties.

3.v52 S-N curves for smooth bar at room and clevntcd

3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperature s temperature s, Figure 3.052.
3.031 Tension. 3.053 S-N fatigue curves for forgings at room tcmpcruturc s,
3.0311 Effect of test temperature and test direction on tensile Figure 3.053.
properties of forgings, Figure 3.03ll. 3.054 S-N fatigue curves for notched specimens from forgings
3.0312 Effect of temperature on tensile properties of forgings tested at room tcmpcraturc , Figure 3.054.
In the TG condition, Figure 3. 0312. 3.055 S-N fatigue curves for forgings at room temperature
and atIOOF, Flb"'lre 3.055.
3.0313 ~:rrect of test tcnpcraturc and forging temperature on
tensile properties of disk forgings, Figure 3.0313. 3.06 Elastic Properties
3. 0314 Effect of lest temperature on tensile properties of die 3.061 Poisson's Halla, 0.30. (HcC 9).
forgings, Figure 3.0314. 3.062 Modulus of elasticity at room and elevated temperature s,
3.0315 Effect of tcsllcmpcra turc and test dl rection on tensile figure 3.061.
properties of rolled rings, Figure 3.0315. 3.063 Modulus of rigidity, 2500 ksl, (Hcf 9).

3.032 Compressio n. 4. FAJliUCATION

Sec "lao A Z33A
4.0i Formability
4.0ll Forging. This alloy Is readily forgeable In closed dies.
3.033 Impact. The properties of this alloy arc not particularly
3.034 sensitive to rorl,oing conditions since optimum properties
Bending.
3.035 Torsion and shear. nrc obtained by solution heat treating and aging.
3.0351 Effect of tcsttcmpcro lturc and test direction on shear Warping due to thermal treatment and quenching may
strength of forged wheels, Figure 3.0351. be a problem In forgings with thin extended web sections.
3.036 Bearing. 4.012 Tho alloy has also been used In thr production of
3.0361 Effect of test temperature and test dlrecUon on bearing seamless rings for space vehicle and missile programs
properties of forged wheels, Figure 3. 0361. as stiffeners for thin walled cy!Jndcrs or conical
3.037 Stress concentratio n. shapes. The seamless rings arc made by upsctUng
3.0371 Notch properties. cast stock, punching and drilling a hole for tho mandrel
3.0372 Fractu rc toughness. and expanding the ring by roll forboing or press forging.
3.038 Combined properties. Rings have also been made by rolling directly from
cast blanks with no upsetting, (Ref 3).
 '"''!:f"Y I
REVISED= MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

(
4.02 Machining and Grindlng 60
See HK31A EK31XA Mg
FORGINGS
4.03 Welding. This alloy exhibits good weldabll!ty and no a.... Di
postwcld stress relief Is required to prevent cracking. .... T6 CONDITION 3
50 .... 0.5 Zr
4.04
4.041
Heat Treatment
Distortion on quenching should be avoided by careful 'oo
design.
40
1-............. EK31XA
4.05
4.051
Surface Treatment
Corrosion protcetlon by surface treatments commonly F~ L

"'
used for magnesium alloys are applicable to EY.31XA
except dichromate (flow No. 7). which Is not 0
...._,
N
recommended. More detslled Information on corrosion "'
protection by surface treatment Is given In A--- r--l!.A
FTY
reference (7).
20
1
A REFERENCE 2
0 ::, REFERENCE G
~~ ..,>
40

0
J
~
... ~
0
-400
0--- --oo
-200 0
-- 200 400 GOO 800
TEST TEMl'-F
FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF FORGINGS IN THE TG CONDITION.
(2)(G)
r-----~----.------r------------------.60

EK31XA
FORGINGS
TG CONDITION
AXIAL} 33 IN DIAMETER 50
QTANG WHEEL
AAVERAGE OF ABOUT EK31XA
1200 TESTS AT RT 100 FORGINGS
1----+----1-~~~Xao'~TESTS AT ELEV TEMP 40

~
I
40
::>
f-.
50- 30 :..

30
~I
40 20 :;:!
f-.
30 20
""
30 10 r;;
:.:I
20 10
~I
><
f-. FORGING n:MP
><
f-. 20 "" GOOF
0 lOOOF
"" 10
e(21N)

10 f-. 40
z
Ill

f-.
40 al
Ill
z 0.
Ill 0
ll 0 200 400 GOO
:>:
Ill TEMP-~'
c. 0
-400 -200 400 GOO 800 FIG. 3. 0313 EFn:CT OF TEST TEMP~:HATURE
TEMP-F AND FORGING TEMPERATURE ON
TENSILE J>HOPERTI~:S OF DISK
FIG. 3. 0311 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND TEST DIRECTION
FORGINGS.
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ~'OHGINGS.
(I)
(I)
MgWT
NONFER ROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1168

~.
\ .. _
60
Mg EK31XA
3 Di DIE },'ORGINGS
50 T6 CONDITION
0.5 Zr (LIMITED DATA)
....
EK 31 XA 4o ~
~ FTU
~
~
A. FTY ~

20
""'"11
~
~
~;>
40 4p

~V
---
c(2 IN)
0
~
.-
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 GOO
TEST TEJIIP-F 60
FIG. 3. 0314 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATUR E ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF DIE FORGINGS, EK31XA
(3) TG CONDITION
50 HOLLED HINGS 60
(FHOJ\1 12 IN
INGOT)

50
~I

...
::>

"" 40

fjj
:.:I
30
~
""
20

10

f-o
20
z
"'
g
"'"'
0
0 200 400 GOO 800
TEST TEMP-F
FIG, 3,0315 EFFECTS OF TEMPERATUR E AND
TEST DffiECTION ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF ROLLED RINGS.
(3)
 MgWT
REVISEO=MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

2sr-----.-----.---~~E~~==IXA~-----------,
EK31XA
33 IN FORGED WHEELS 0. 505 IN BAR CUT
FROM LARGE FORGINGS
Mg
T6CONDITION
24r------r-----Y~~-+~~~~~--r-----4
T6 CONDITION 3 Di
0.5 Zr
EK 31 XA
200 400 600
TEMP-F
FIG. 3.03&1 EFFECTS OF TEST TEMPER-
ATURE AND TEST DIRECTION
ON SHEAR STRENGTH OF
FORGED WHEELS.
(1)

- - - - - 30MIN
- - - - - 1 HR
-----2HR
TENSION
------10 HR

0
oUL----~o.~o~o4~--o~.~o~o8~--~o-----o~.~o~o4~~o~.~oo~8~--~o.o12
STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG. 3. 042 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STUAIN CURVES AT 300 TO GOOF
FOR FORGINGS.
(1)

30

20

30

fjj
:.:
20

10
20
eL
OT
10

30~~~~~~------~
0 200 400 600
TEMP-F 104 105 106 107
NUMBER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3. 0361 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPER-
ATURE AND TEST DIRECTION FIG. 3.052 5-N CURVES FOR SMOOTH BAR
ON BEARING PROPERTIES OF AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
FORGED WHEELS. TEMPERATURE.
(1) (2)
.. ...
-::::~

NON FERR OUS ALLOYS REVIS ED MARCH 1968

30
Mg
EK31XA
3 Di 33 IN DIAMET ER
WHEEL FORGING
0.5 Zr
~ 0 TG
EK 31 XA
"'"'I':
T5
f&l
15
TESTED AT RT
t
R=-1
10

8
ALL SPECIM ENS MACI!lNED
AND POUSIIE D SUHFACES
G
104 105 106 107
NUJIIDEROF CYCLES
FIG. 3,053 S-N FATIGU E CURVES FOR FORGINGS AT ROOM
TEMPER ATURE .
(I)

20r---------~-----------.-----
-----~--------------------~
EK31XA
33 1N DIAMET Eil
WHEEL FOHGING
0 AXIAL
e TANG

~ 10~--------+---~~
~
~ s~---------+-----------r-cmr~
"'
llOTATING BEAM
R = -1
NOTCHED SPECIM ENS l\IACIIlNED AND POUSJIE D
~ =2.0 SURFACES

4~--------------------~-------
104 -~~------~~---- ----~
105 to6 107 10 8 109
NUMBER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3. 054 S-N FATIGUE CUUVES FOR NOTCHED SPECIMENS
FROM FORGINGS TESTED
AT ROOM TEMPER ATURE .
(1)

CODE 3502
 MgWT
REVISEDMARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

'\__j
~~
40

35 EK31XA Mg
33 IN DIAMETER
3 Di
30

25
WHEEL FORGINGS
T6 CONDITION
0.5 Zr
~ 20
TEST TEMPERATURE
EK 31 XA
0 RT
15 400F

MACHINED AND POUSI!ED

SURFACES

10
104 105 106 107
NU~ffiER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3,055 S-N FATIGUE CURVE FOR FORGINGS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AND 400F.
(1)

REFERENCES

1. The Dow Chemical Co "Magnesium Forgln;..; Alloys for

Elevated Temperature Service". (Aprtl24, 1962),
Reviewed September 12, 1963.
2. Gilpin, II.P., Hamilton, W.A., WooU, H.F, and
While, D. L., "111gb Temperntu'ro Magnesium Forgings",
7 lockheed, Marietta Division, Final Technical
EK31A Englnoortng Report, ASD-TH-G2-7-3G5, (March :962)
......... TG CONDmON 3 Tho Dow Chemical Co., "Magnesium Ho1lod Rings'',
(December 29, 1964)
6
............. 4. lln11owe11, J.B., and Ogden, II.R., "An Introdw.:Uon

~ E STATIC
~~ to Magnesium AUoys", DMIC Hcport 206, Battelle
MomortallnsUtuto, (August 26, 1964)
g 5. Brooks and Purklna Inc "Ught Metals Data",
0
(December 1962)
""'5
SPECIMENS FROM RIB G. Metals Handbook, Vol. 1, Properties and Selection or
OF PANEL FORGING Metals, 8th Edition, American Society of Metals (1961)
7. Whlto, E. L. and Fink, F. W., ''Corrosion Protection
of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys", DMIC
4
0 200 400 GOO 800 Memorandum 205, Battelle MomorlallnsUtuto,
TEMP-F (Juno1, 1965)
8. The Dow Chemical Co. , "Magnesium In Aerospace
FIG. 3.001 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT Design". Bulletin 141-213,(1963)
ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPER- 9. Alloy Digest, "Magnesium - EK31XA".
ATURES. F.illlng code: Mg -57, Magnesium Alloy, Engineering
(1) Alloys l)lgest Inc., (January 1965)
 1. GENERAL 1.092 Dimensional changes in castings at elevated tempera-
This magnesium alloy is produced both in the form of tures, Figure 1.092. Mg
castings and .in U:.e form of wrought products, primarily 1.093 Contamination with aluminum must be avoided becs.usJ
sheet and pia~" and to a very limited extent forgings. aluminum forms undesirable compounds with zirconium 3 Th
Casting production is primarily in sand molds, but per- (16).
manent-mold and investment castings can alao be pro- 0.7 Zr
duced. Castings develop optimum properties In the TG
condition (solution treated and artificially aged) and for- 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
gings in the T5 condition (forged and artificially aged). HK31A
Sheet and plate arc produced and used in the 0 condition 2.V!- Thermal Properties
(fully annealed) and the H24 condition (strain hardened 2.ull Melting range, 1092-1202F (1.13).
and partially annealed). The allo1 !P. intended for ele- 2.012 Phase changes. A compound network, which has not
vated tP.mperattre applications. or the sheet and plate been idGntifiod chemically, tends to form at the grain
alloys, hK31A- H24 has the best sho>~t- time strength in boundaries in U1e as-cast condition. Hot and cold work-
the range 250 to 550F; at lower temperature AZ31B-H24 ing tends oo break up the network and solution treato.~ent
is stronger and at higher temperatures HM21A-T8 is at 1050F causes it to coalesce. No metallographically
stronger. HM21A- T8, bowevgr, bas superior long- visible precipitation occurs during artificial aging at
time creep Pr<J;>erties at :Ul elevated temperatures. Of 400F (17).
the magneaium casting alloys, HK31A-T6 has the best 2.02U Tlme-tempera'IUI:e-tranaformation diagrams.
short-time strength at temperatures ,above 540F; at 2.013 Thermal conductivity, Figure 2.013.
lower temperatures QE22A-T6 has superior strength. 2.014 Thermal expana:.on.
HK31A- TG also baa the best creep resistance of the 2.0141 'Mean coefficient of !.hermal expansion from 68 to 392F,
magnesium casting alloys at temperatutes up to 500 F, .4. 9 x 106 P".:' F (14).
but HZ32A- rs has better creep reslstancb at higher 2.015 3peciCic hea.t, l:.ure 2. 015.
temperaturea. The alloy bas good formability, excel- 2.016 thermal dlffua,J!.ty, Figure 2.016.
lent weldablllty, an<l good foundry cl:aracteristics with
U1e exception of ouly moderate resistance to hot crack- 2.0:: fther klysl ~al Properties
ing. It is used mosUy for aerospace and missile appli- 2.021 D<.lnsity, 0. 0648 lb per cu in (18).
cations where temperatures in the range 300 to 600 F 2.022 Uectrlcal properties, Table 2.022.
are encountered. Like other magnesium :Uloys, it 2.\11.'~ Magnetic properties. Nonmagnetic.
requires a surface coating for corroslon protection 2.024 Emittance. (see ZK60A, Figure 2. 0241, Code 3506)
over long periods of time. 2.025 Damping capacity. At a stress equal to 0.1 Fty the
specific damping capacity of cast HK31A-T6 is o.ri:l,
1.01 Commercial Designation whicb is a low level compared with other magnesium
HK31A alloys (19).

1.02 Alternate Designations 2.0; Chemical Properties

HK31XA (obsolete), MTZ (British) 2.P31 Corrosion resistance.
2.0311 The galvanic and general corrosion characteristics of
1.~3 Specifications HK31A are almllar to those of AZ31B, Code 3601,
Tnble 1.03. sections 2. 0:111 and 2. 0312.
2.0312 The resistance of HK31A to stress corrosion Is some-
1.04 Composition what better than that of AZ31B, Code 3601, section
Tnble 1.04 2.0313.
2.0.1~ Safety precautions should be directed to the prevention
1.05 Heat Treatment of fires, burns, and explosions. (See HZ32A, Code
!.051 T6 condition: Solution treat at 1045 to 1055 F 2 hours in 3408, section 2. 032).
furnace atmosphere containing 1. 0 percent minimum
S02 or 6 percent minimum C02 (the furnace should be 2.04 ."l"uclear Properties
at temperature beiore it Is loaded), cool by strong air 2.041 'l'horium is a radioactive metal. For comments on
blast, artificially age at 390 to 410 F 16 hour!', air cool precautions required by this characteristic, see HZ32A,
(9)(12). Code 3408, sections 2.041 and 2. ~.
1.052 T5 condition: Artificially age as forged (F condition)
ut 440 to 460F 16 hours, air cool (9)('.0).
1.053 0 ;:cmdition, full anneal: 750F 1 hour, air cool (9).
1.054 Parti:U anneal after strain hardening, H2~ cC!ndition: 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
'~ .. 550F 1/2 hou.. air cool (9).
1.055 Stress rlllief aft~r forming: for material In 0 cf>!ldition 3.01 Soecified Mechanical Properties
650F 1 hcu-:-, all cool; for material in H24 condition 3.011 S!eet and plate, Table 3. 011
550F 1/2 hour, air cool (9). 3.012 Castings, Table 3.012.
1.056 Thermr.l treatment llfter welding: t:J,. castini!S 400F 3.013 Premium quality sand castings, Table 5.013.
16 hours, air cool; for sheet and p!ate in H24 condition
GOOF 1/2 hour, air cool (9)(11). 3.02 Mechanical Propertiee at Room Temporature
3.021 Tension.
1.06 Hardness 3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams. (see Figure 3.03111, 3.03112,
1.061 ~ondition: 57 Brinell Hardness No. (13). 3.03113, 3.03114, 3.03!15)
1.062 T6 condition: 55 Brinell, 66 Rockwell E (12). 3.0212 TensUe properties of sheet and plate, sand castings,
and forgings, Table 3.0212.
1.07 Forma and Conditions Available 3.0213 Effect of exposures at elevated temperatures on tensUe
Table 1.07. properties at room temperature of sheet in H24 condi-
tion, Flgur" 3.6213.
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice 3.0214 EU~"'!lt of exposures at elevated temperatures on tensUe
See AZ31B, Code 3601, section 1.08. For more details propertie~ at room temperature of ca~tings in T6
of foundry melting procedures, see HZ32A, Code 3408 condition, Figure 3.0214.
soction 1. 08. 3.022 Compression.
3.0221 Stress-strain diagrams (S'~>e Figures 3.03211 and
1.09 Special Considerati,,na 3.03212).
1.091 HK31A-T6 castings 1end to grow sllghUy with increasing 3.0222 Compressive strength of sheet and plate, sand castings,
holding limes at elll1' ated temperatures. and forgin[tB, Table 3. 0222.

<i'l 1971, Belfour Stu! en, Jnc.

CODE 3503
 I'Ct.VI::>t.U Ut.I,;E.Mt:IER 1871

.0223 Effect of exposures at elevated temperatures on com- 3.044 Isochronous stress-strain curves for caetlngs In 1'6
Mg pressive yield strength at room temperature, Figure condition at 700 and BOOF, Figure 3.044.
3.0223. 3.045 Total creep strain curves for castings in T6 condition,
3 Th 3.023 Impact (see Figure 3.0331). Figure 3. 045.
0.7 Zr
3.024
3.025
3.0251
Bending.
Torsion nnd shear. .. 3.046 Effect of exposure time at test temperature prior to
loading on Ute 100 hour creep strength of castings In
Shear strength of sheet and plat.e and caetlngs, Table T6 condition, Figure 3.046.
3.0251. 3.047 One hundred hour creep strength of forgings In T5
HK31A 3.026 Bearing. condition, Table 3. 047.
3.0261 Bearing properties of she.. t n.nd plate and caetlngs,
Table 3. 0261. 3.05 Fatigue Properties
3.027 Stress concentration. 3.051 Fatigue strength of castings and sheet, Tnbl.' 3.051.
3. 0271 Notch properties. 3.052 Axial fatigue properties of smooth and notch~d sheet
3.0272 Fractnre toughness. specimens at room temperatnre, Figure 3. 0 ;z.
3.026 COmbined properties. 3.053 Axial fatigue properties of smooUt and notchd slwcl
specimens at 300F, Figure 3. 053.
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures 3.054 Axial fatigue properties of smocUt and notched sheet
3.031 Tension. spee:oens at500F, Figure 3.054.
3.0311 Stress-strain diagrams.
3.03111 Stress-strain curves for sheet In H24 condition at room 3.06 Elastic Prop!: rtics
and elevated temperatnres, Figure 3. 03111. 3.061 Poisson's ratio, 0.35 (13)(14).
3.03112 Stress-strain curves for sheet In 0 condition at room 3.062 Modulus of elasticity.
and elevated temperatnres, Figure 3. 03112. 3.0621 Effect of temperature ou static modulus of "lastlclty,
3. 03113 Stress-strain curves for castings In T6 condition at Figure 3. 0621.
room and elevated temperatures, Figure 3.03113. 3.0622 Corupresslve tangent modulus curves at room and ele-
3.03114 Complete stress-strain curves for sheet at low temp- vated temperatures, !"'gure 3,0622.
eratures, Figure 3. 03114. 3. 0623 Compressive secant modulus curves at room and ele-
3.03115 Complete stress-strain curves for caetings at low vated temperatures, Figure 3.0623.
temperatures, Figure 3.03115. 3.063 Modulus of rigidity, 2.4 x 103 ksl.
3. 0312 Elevated temperature tensile properties of sheet In
H24 condition nfter various exposure times at test
temperature, Figure 3. 0312. 4. FABRICATION
3.0313 Elevated tcmperatnre tensile properties of caetlngs in
T6 condition after various exposure times at test temp- 4.01 Formability
erature, Figure 3. 0313. 4.011 HK31A sheet and plate products, !Ike most other
3. 0314 Elevated temperature tensile properties of sheet in 0 wrought magnesium alloys, have good r,rmablllty at
and H24 conditions at various strain rates, Figure elevated temperatnrcs but only limite~ formability nt
3.0314. room tcmpcratnre. All of the common metal forming
3. 0315 Elevated temperatnre tensile properties of caetings in methods arc applicable. The optimum forming temp-
T6 condition at various strain rates, Figure 3.0315. cratnre range Is somewhat higher than for AZ31D
3.0316 Elevated temperature tensile properties of forgings (Code 3601). For the 0 condition forming temperatnres
forged at various t.mperatures, Figure 3.031r,. approaching 750 F are recommended for forming Urnes
3. 0317 Low temperatnre tensile properties of sheet, Figure up to one hour: whereas for the H24 condition forming
3. 0317. In the temperature range 650 to 750 F Is recommended,
3.032 Compression. the maximum allowable time at tcmperatnrc decreaelng
3.0321 stress-strain diagrams. with Increasing temperature from 1 hour at 650 F to 1
3. 03211 b'tress-strain curves In compression for shcetln H24 minute at 750F as shown In Figure 4. 011 (14)(29)(30).
condition nt room and elevated temperatures, Figure 4.012 Minimum bend factor (ratio of bend radius to sheet or
3. 03211. plate Ut!cknens) as function of temperatnre, Figure
3.03212 stress-strain curves In compression for sheet In 0 4.012.
condition nt room and elevated temperatures, Figure 4.013 Although It Is not necessary In all instances, stress
3. 03212. relief In accoraance with section 1. 055 Is recommended
3.0322 Elevatnd temperature compressive strength of sheet In nfter severe forming operations, particularly If carried
1124 condition after various exposure times at test out below 650 F.
temperature, Figure 3. 0322. 4.014 HK31A has good forgeabl!lty in the range 700 to 1000 o'.
3.033 1mpact. A T5 (artificial aging) treatment following forging Is
3.0331 Charpy Impact properties at low temperatures, Figure recommended for optimum properties. The mechanical
3.0331. properties arc highly dependent on forgL1g tempcratnre.
3.034 Bending. Forging at the lower temperature provides better short
3.0!l5 Torsion and shear. time strength at temperatnres up to about 550 F: where-
3.0351 Elevated temperatnre shear strength of sheet In H24 ae, superior short Ume strength above 550 F and creep
condi tlon after various exposure Urnes at test tempera- strength above 400 F are obtained by forging at the
ture, Figure 3. 0351. higher end of Ute temperatnre range.
3.036 Bearing.
3. 0361 Elevatnd tcmperatnre be..ring properties of sheet In 4.02 Machining and Grinding
H24 condition :Uter various exposure times at test 4.021 nus alloy, like oUter magnesium alloys, has exception-
temperature, Figure 3. 0361.
3.037 ally good machinability, which enables It to be machined
Stress conccntrntion.
nt high speeds and feeds. For further detaiJs sec
3.0371 Notch properties.
HZ32A, Code 3408, section 4.021.
3.0372 Fractnre toughness. 4.022 The alloy can be chcm-mllled wiUt sulfuric, nitric, or
3.038 Combined properties.
hydrochloric acid of 5 perocnt strength or greater (32).
3.04 Creep and Creep Ruptnre Properties
3.041 Isochronoue stress-strain curves for shoot In 1!24 con-
dition, Figore 3.041. 4.03 Welding
3.042 Isochronous st ress-straln curves for sheet In 0 condi- 4.031 HK31A has excellent weldablllty by arc and electric-
tion, Figure 3. 042. resistance mcUtods. Gas welding Is not recommended
3.043 Isochronous strees-straln curves for caetlngs in TG 1: :cause of Ute corrosive fluxes usnd ar.d the difficulty of
condition at temperature of 400, 500, and 600F, Figu.e removing such flux from the joints. For arc welding
3.043. EZ33A magnesium alloy filler metal Is generally used

r.nnl"
 REVISED DECEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

except when joining to ZE10A or to an aluminum- con-

taining magnesium alloy, in which instances AZ92A TABLE 1.04
Alloy HK3JA
or AZ61A are suitable filler alloys. For maximum
Source (2)(3) (4) (5)(6)(7)(8)
Mg
weld efficiencie s, thermal treatment in nccordnncc with
Percent
section 1.056 is recommend ed after welding. For
Compositio n Min Max
Percent Percent 3 Th
further details, see AZ31B, Code 3601, section 4.031 Min Max Min Max
Thorium 0.7
(14)(33).
Zirconium, total
2.5
0.45
4.0 2.5 4.0 2.5 4.0 Zr
4.032 Effect of temperatur e on tensile properties or 0. 063 1.0 0.50 1.0 0.40 1.0
inch sheet, both unwelded and with arc-welded butt
Zirconium, soluble - - 0.50 - - -
joints tr-.tnsverse to gage length, Figure 4. 032.
Zinc - - - 0.30 0.30 -- HK31A
4.033 Effect of low temperatur es on tensile properties of
Copper -
-
-
-
-
-
0.10 0.10
0.125 Inch sheet, both unwclded and with transverse
Nickel 0.01 0.01 -
butt welds made by inert-gas-s hield tungsten-n rc
Impurities, each
Impurities, total
-
-
0.15
0.30
-
- 0.20
-
0.30
-- -
process, Figure 4.033. Magnesium
4.034 Shear strength of spot welds, Table 4. 03S. Balance Balance Balance
* Soluble zirconium is that portion or the zirconium which is soluble
4.035 Effect or temperatur e on the shear strength of resist- in 1:4 hydrochlor ic ncid held below its boiling point.
ance spot welds in 0.063 inch sheet, Figure 4. 035.

4.04 Surfnce Treatment

4.041 The sheet and plate products are normally oiled by the
producer with a light corrosion Inhibiting oil for pro-
tection during shipment and storage (1)(2). Castings
can be treated similarly for this purpose or alterna-
tively they can be chrome pickled (4).
4.042 For a discussion of the various surface treatments that TABLE 1 07
can be applied for corrosion protection, see HZ32A, Alloy HK31A
Code 3408, sections 4. 042 and 4. 043. Source (14)(10)
Form Condition Thir.kncss - in
Flat sheet and plate 0 (fully annealed) 0.010 to 3.000
Flat sheet and plate H24 (str:Un hardened
and_partially _annealed)_ 0.010 to 3.000
CoUecJ sheet 0 0. 032 to 0. 250
Coiled sheot H24 o. 032 to o. 250
Castings
Forgings (very limited
T6 -
availability ) T5 -

0.014
HK31A 1
SAND CAST
GGOF

0.012
Te CONDITION
I
'Alloy
TABLE 1 03 I 700F

Sot.:.rl'd
HK31A
1) ~
Col 0.010 / I
ForJDS
Sand
Specificati ons
AMS4445C
()
a:
Col
ll. v 1/
ASTM BB0-69 I
/ I
v
Sand castings MIL-M-46062A
~ 0.008
Federal QQ-M-56b (l)

Permanent
mold cas lings
SAE 507
ASTM B199-68
MIL-M-46062A
0
~
~ 0.006 Iv v
500F

J/
SAE 507 Col
Investment
~
castir.~s ASTM B403-67

Sheet and plate

AMS 43840 (0 condiUon)
AMS 4385E (H24 condiUou)
ASTM B90-69 0.004 /
d_
~
MIL-M-26 0750
SAE 507 // 400F

0.002
~ /
(--- v
0
10 100 1000
TIME- HOURS

FIG. 1.092 DIMENSIONAL CHANGES IN CASTINGS AT ELEVATED TEMPERA

-
TURES. (15)
 HK31A
Mg eSHEET AND PLATE, H24 CONDITION
TABLE 2 022
3 Th sHEET AND PLATE, 0 CONDITION
Allov HK31A
80 SAND CAST, TG CONDITION ---i--:;; 1f--l
Source
0.7 Zr ~
(14)(181_
Electrical ConducUvltv Elcctrlcai HeslsU\'Ity
c:: Percent lACS l\legmhos per Ina
:c microhm in
HK31A ~ 70~--~~~~~~~~~----1-----4
CondiUon H24 0 T6 H24 0 TG 1124 0 TG
:::. Temp-F
G8 28.3 2G.2 22.5 0.41G p.384 0.331
c:: 2.40 2.GO 3.03
~
p.,
100 26.5 24.G 2l.G 0.390 p.3G3 0.317 2.5G 2. 76 3 ..w
200 23.0 21.6 19.5 0.339 tJ.318 0.287 2.95 3.14 3.49
[;: 60 1--=---t -,.,..--+- ----cf--- --+---- -1 300 20.G 19.7 17.7 0.303 p.290 0.260 3.30 3.46 3.85
:;!, 400 18.6 17.8 16.2 0.274 p.262 0.239 3.6G 3.82 4.19
!-<
P!l 500 16.9 16.3 15.0 0.249 ~.240 0.220 4.01 4.17 4.55
50!------~----~----~----~~~~,
0 20C 400 500 800 1000
TEMPERAT URE- F

FIG. 2.013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY. (14)(18)

0.32
HK31A v
L
~
P!l
0. 28

:::.0.24 Y'
I-" ..a---< v Alloy
Form
TABLE 3 011
HK31A
Sheet nnd Plate
c::
~ Ftu Fty e Fey
p.,
Temp Thickness ksi ksi (21n) ksi
0 Condition Source
!-< F in min min min min
P!l 0.20 Room 0. 016-0.125 34.'l 2G.O 4 -
0 200 400 GOO 800 1000 0. Ofi3-0.125 -
0.125-0.250 34.0 24.0
- - 20.0
TEMPERAT URE- F 4 22.0
H24 (3) 0. 250-1. 000 34.0 25.0 4 20.0
FIG. 2.1115 SPECIFIC HEAT. (14) 1. 000-3. 000 33.0 25.0 4 17 .o
600 0. 016-0.250 10.0 -20 -
Room 0. 016-0. 25~ 30.0 18.0 12
0.250-0.500 30.0 1G.O 12 10.0
-
0 (2) 0. 500-1. 000 30.0 15.0 12 10.0
1. 000-3.000 29.0 14.0 12. 10.0

0. OG3-0. 250 - -
Compression specimens <>rlcntcd In longltudlnai direction .
- 12.0

Orientation of tensile specimens not specified.

2.4
I>:
:c
c::
t
~

2.:1 l---J-,.L--1----11---~1---l

fX

200 400 GOO 800 1000

TEMPERAT URE- F

FIG. 2.016 THERMAL DIFFUSIVIT Y. (14)

TABlE 3.012
Alloy HK31A
Condition T6
Source (4) (G) (7)
rype Casting Sand Permanent Mold Investment
Temp Ftu-ksl Fty-ksl e(2 In) Ftu-ksl Fty-ksi c(2 In) Ftu-k9i Fty-ksi e(2in)
Specimen F min min min min min min min min min
Separately cast Room 27.0 13.0 4 27 .o 13.0 4 27.0 13.0 4
Cut from casting
GOO 19.0 12.0 - - - - - - -
single Room 1'.0 10.5 -2 - - - - - --
average 4 or more Room
single GOO
23.0 11.7
-
-
- -
-
-
-
- -
13.0 9.5 - - -

~-~~--3_5_0_3-1 l'r) 1Q71 R..alf'nu .. Q;.u1,._ 1'--

Kt. VI::St.U Ut.~t.Mt:lt.l1 llHI 1'4VI"41 L-1 \1 \\.IV""' I'""'U.... L-V' 1 tw1

TABLE 3 013
Alloy HK31A Mg
Condition T6
3 Th

I
Form Premium Quality Sand Castings
Source (20)
0.7 Zr
Information Tensile properties in designated sections
of castin~rs HK31A J.
SAND CAST TEST BARS
T
Fty- ksi e(2in)
Ftu- ksi
min min 36
T6 CONDITION
OOF EXPOSURE
HK31A
Section* min
G ,...._~
1 33.0 16.0
2
3
X
29.0
25.0
19.0
14.0
12.0
10.5
3
1
1 32
~
500F - .....

~
Sections 1, 2, and 3 are designated critical sections
of castings and would be specified for the particular FTU
casting In question; section X covers unspecified
sections. 28

Alloy
TABLE 3 0212
HK31A 24
"'-- - GOOF

Thickness Ftu Fty e

Condition Form in Source ksl ksl I (21n
0.016-0.250 33.0 20.0 23
o. 251-0.500 33.0 19.0 20
0 sheet and plnte (14)* 18.0 17
0.501-1.000 33.0 400F
l. 001-3.000 32.0 17.0 17
~
0. 016-0.125 38.0 30.0 9
0.126-0.250 37.0 30.0 9 '(( 500F
H24 sheet and plate 0.251-1.000 (14) 39.0 31.0 14 16

~'
1.001-3.000 37.0 29.0 10
FTY
GOOF

-
Diameter-In
TG sand cast 1/2 in test bar (15) 32.0 15.0 8
Forge Tom1> 12
F
700 38.0 33.0 17
T5 upset forgings (10)
1000 39.0 21.0 14
Data shown are typical values for the lowest strength direction. 8
0 200 400 600 800 1000
EXPOSURE TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT o~ EXPOSURES AT ELEVATED

IIK31A TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
40 SHEET AT ROOM TEMPERATURE OF CASTINGS IN
1124 CONDITION TG CONDITION. (15)
4POF EXPOSURE
36 ~ 500F~
~ .__ FTU
GOOF

32

tl 400F
:.:
28 OOF-:=,.,
-~ FTY

24
~ GOOF

TABLE 3 022~

GOOF !Alloy HK31A

Thickness Fey
20 Condition Form in Source ksl
500F - 0. 016-0.250 14.0
....z V" ij, 251-0 ~(10 13.0
t>l
;;po / -400F
0 sheet and plate
0.5l1-1. Cill
l.Oul-3. 000
. -
(14)
13.0
13.0
t>l 0. OlG-0.125 \ 23.0
p.
I 27.0
0.126-0. ~50 (14).
(c(2 IN) ll24 sheet n.nd P~t'-~C 25.0
0.251-1.000
0 1.001-3.000 22.0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Dl:unetcr - In
EXPOSURE TIME- HOURS 1/2 In test bar J21) 15.0
TG sand cast
.foi1til temp- F
FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF EXPOSURES AT ELEVATED 700 27
TEMPERATURE S Qlo; TENSILE PROPERTIES T5 upset forgings (10)
I
1000 23
AT ROOl\1 TEMPEHATURE OF SHF.E1' IN
H24 CONDITION. (14) J Data sho\\11 arc typical values for the lowest strenlrth direction.

CODE 3503 J
 Mg HK31A
SHEET
_l
26 H24 CONDITION
3 Th
0.7 Zr 400F EXPOSURE
24 1\

~
HK31A

22
- r--- 500F
----....
20
Fey

.1'-
6
0 1000
--LI::::
2000 3000 4000
EXPOSURE TIME- HOURS
r--. 5000

FIG. 3. 0223 EFFECT OF EXPOSURES AT ELEVATED

TEMPERATURES ON COMPRESSIVE YlELD
STRENGTH AT ROOM TEMPERATURE.(14)
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
STRAIN - PERCENT

FIG. 3.03111 STREss-STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET 1N 1124 CONDITION

AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. (14)

TABLE 3 0251
All~ HK31A
Fsu
Condition Form Thickness - in Source ksl
o. 016-0.250 24.0
0.251-0.500 24.0
0 sheet and plate (14)*
0.501-1.000 24.0
1.001-3.000 24.0
0. 016-0.125 26.0
0.126-0.250
H24 sheet and plate (14)* 26.0
0.251-1.000 27.0
1.001-3.000 26.0 30

TG sand cast
Diameter - in
1/2 in test bar (12) 22.0
HK31A'
SHEET
I
DaiA shown are typical values for the lowest strcnb'lh direction. 0 CONDITION
25 1 ....
--LbNGITUDINAL

20
---TRANSVEHSE
__..-- . ~-~
70~'
>--
--- '"=
All~
TABLE 3 026'
HK31A
~ 15 ~ --- - -
300F
~--~

Thickness Fbru ~bry f:

~/
:---- --- ~F -- I--
Condition Form In
0. 016-0.250
Source c/O ksl
2.5 58.0 28.0
ksi
10 !J :/"" 500F
sheet and plate 0.251-0.500 58.0 27.0

0 (14)'' GOOF
0.501-1.000 58.0 27 .o
1.001-3.000 57.0 27.0 ~ .......
o. 016-0.125 2.5 67.0 41.0
5

If:
0.126-0. 250 65.0 41.0
H24 sheet and plate (14)''
0. 251-1.000 68.0 44.0
1. 001-3.000 65.0 40.0
H24 sheet 0.06-l 2.0 59.1 34.8
(22) 0
0.064 1.5 50.3 35.1
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1. 2
Diameter-In

...
T6
=
sand cast 1/2 In test bar _j12)
c/D Edge distance to diameter ratio
2.1; 61.0 40.0

DaiA shown arc typical values for the minimum strength dlrecUon
STRAIN - PEH CENT

FIG. 3.03112 STHES&-STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET IN 0 CONDITION

AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. (14)

CODE 3503
 ru:. VI;)C.U UC.\.C.MDC.I"' 1::1 f I 1'\IVI'\11 ~f\f\VU~ 1-\L...L..V I~

50~----~----~----~----~
HK31A -424F HK31A
SAND CAST TEST BARS SAND CAST TEST BARS Mg
T6 CONDITION 75F T6 CONDITION
3 Th
0.7 Zr

HK31A

!i3
:.:
10r---~~~~-4--~--~~---+------~----~

10H-----~----~------~----~

OL-----1....-----L...---~----~----~----~ OL-----~----~----~----__J
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0 5 10 15 20
STRAIN- PERCENT STRAIN- PERCENT

FIG. 3.03113 STRES8-STRAIN CURVES FOR CASTINGS IN T6 FIG. 3.03115 COMPLETE STRESs-STRAIN CURVES
CONDITION AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMP- FOR CASTINGS AT LOW TEMPERATURE.
ERATURES. (15) (23)

40
IIK31A
SHEET
I
30
...... 1124 CONDITION

~
20
~ 0.51HR EXPOLRE/

60

-424F
HK31A
SHEET
~ 0 CONDITIOI;I
_l
10
FTU
~~ 1000 nn-
/
50

1/ /
v -323F
-----j
I
_j___
._
r--. i--...
v
10 20
~

~30
I / ----- l----
1---1- -109F
~ 10
FTY JOOl~

----
!

~
~
l-----"-
l.---- 11000 IIR

i
~
20 0

10
I
I
70 ---t--. u.J 11~
rOOHH-~
I

~50
u
l
I I

J
c:: I 100 nR-
0 t'l
c(2 IN)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 "'

TEMPERATURES.
STRAJN - PERCEN"1'

FIG. 3.03114 COMPLETE STRES5-STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET AT LOW

(23)
ao

10
0
.....
100
-- 200
I 300
---.!

400
TEMPEHATURE- F
,_ l/
500 690

FIG. 3.0312 ELEVATED TEMPERATUHE TENSILE PROPEI!TIES

OF SHEET IN 1124 CONDI110N AFTER VARlOUS
EXPOSURE TIMES AT TEST TEMPERATUHE. (22)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED DECEMBER 1971

HK31A '<-.._)
Mg SHEET 30
3 Th
0.7 Zr 0 CONDITION
30 20 tn
:.:
HK31A
>-f-o
~ 20 10 r..
"'
:.:
I
>-f-o
0:.. 10 STRAIN RATE 0
0.050}
0 0.50 IN PER IN PEil MIN
~ 5.0

ll24 CONDITION
40 ~0
HK31A I
30
-- ......,
~ 1---
SAND CAST TEST BARS
TG CONDITION

10 MINI
:--..._~EXPOSURE
I
30 20 ~
[:!
I
:::>
~20
(-o
~
""""
100HR-~
20 10 r..

~
I
FTU
>-(-o
10 ~ 0:..
10 0

0
200 400 600
20 TEMPERATURE- F
10
/ l"!G. 3.0314 ELEVATED TEMPERATURE TENSILE
/ PROPERTIES OF SIIEET IN 0 AND H24
~
F
TY 100 nk ~~
_... ~
CONDI110NS AT VARIOUS STRAIN RATES.
(14)
1000 HR

~
..__-- ~-
c(2IN)
10 IMIN -------
0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700
TEMPERATURE- F
r------r------~-n~~~----~~20t;;
FIG. 3.0313 ELEVATED TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF :.::
CASTINGS lN TG CONDITION AFTER VARIOUS EXPOSURE I

TIMES AT TEST TEMPERATURE. (15) :::>

t
zor------r------+------+--~~~.-410

Iii
:.: 10 0
I
>-
t
0 200 400 GOO 800
TEJIIPERATUHE- ~

FIG. 3. 0315 EU:YATED TEMPERATURE TENSILE

PllOPEHTIES 0~' CASTINGS IN TG
CONDITION AT VAHIOUS STHAlN HATES.
(24)
REVISED DECEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Mg
3 Th
0.7 Zr
70F
300t' HK31A

FORGING TEMPERATURE
700F
0 lOOOF
.A. NOT GIVEN
80

~ 40
C)
0::
til 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.0 1.2
ll.
STRAIN- PERCENT
0
0 200 400 GOO F1G. 3.03211 STRES5-STRAIN CURVES IN COMPRESSION FOR SHEET
TEMPERATl1RE- F IN H24 CONDITION AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMP..
ERATURES. (14)
FIG. 3.0316 ELEVATD TEMPERATURE
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
FORGINGS FORGED AT
VARIOUS TEMPERATURES.
(10)
60

:: ~.... I HK31A
SHEET
J
t'---.. Fru e H24 CONDITION
50 .._ 0 CONDITION - 25~----~----~------r-----,-----~-----.
-.:::::---, HK:llA

~~
SHEET
0 CONDITION

.. __ "''-
~
A..
..._
--- --.. --...._ ---'
FTY
-- '--.....,
'a.

t
_l
i./

0
"
___... -- I
c(2IN) --
.-M/ ~
1.-"
STRAIN- PEHCENT

FIG. 3.03212 STRES8-STHAIN CURVES IN COMPHESSION FOil

SHEET IN 0 CONDITION AT HOOM AND ELEVATED
TEMPERATURES. (14)

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100

TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0317 LOW TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPEHTIES 01'

SHEET. (14)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED DECEMBER 1971

25

-
Mg ~
HK31A1
SHEET
3 Th r-
20r-----~----.-----.-----
-r-----;-----,

0.7 Zr
20
1-- -
H24 CONDITION
HK31A I
~ ~HRk7'
SHEET 1
H24 CONDITION
HK31A 15

~
til
:,.:
10
FCY 100 Hi
~ iil12~----+-----4-----+-~~-r-
:,.: ---~~~~

~~
1000 HR

5
L
4~-- --~----~--~~--~~--~~
500 --~
0 0 100 200 300 400 600
0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPE RATUR E- F
600
TEMPE RATUR E- F
FIG. 3.0351 ELEVAT ED TEMPE RATUR E SHEAR
STRENGT!-1 'Jr
FIG. 3.0322 ELEVAT ED TEMPE RATUR E COMPR SHEET IN 1124 CONDITION AFTER VARIOUS EXPO-
ESSIVE STRENGTH
OF SHEET IN H24 CONDITION AFTER VARIOUS SURE TIMES AT TEST TEMPE HATUR E. (22)
EXPOSURE TIMES AT TEST TEMPE RATUR E.
(22)

........,.....

16
IIK31A I _! ,l
e T6 CONDITION, SEPARA TE SAND CAST BAR l
A 0 CONDITION, PLATE
14

v.N?." OTCH ED
------

5
10
12

.I
v /

I
/

!-55mm-z
_j
010

0
mm

' 10 mm
!:
8

6
20

4 ...
10~ 200 300 400

-
500 600
~
2
-400
- -300
V~OTCH

-200 -100 0 100

TEMPE RATUR E- F

FIG. 3.0361 ELEVA TED TEMPE RATiffi E BEARIN

G PROPER TIES Of"
SHEET IN 1124 CONDITION AFTER VARIOUS EXPOSU
TEMPE RATUR E- F RE
TIMES AT TEST TEMPE RATUR E.
(22)
FIG. 3.0331 CHARPY IMPACT PROPER TIES AT
LOW TEMP-
ERATURES. (23)(25)
REVISED DECEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Mg
H24 CONDITION 3 Th
0.7 Zr

HK31A

o. e 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 1.6 2.4

STRAIN- PERCENT

FIG. 3.041 ISOCHRONOUS STRES8-STRA1N CURVES FOR SHEET lN H24 CONDITION. (14)

HK31A
16r-r.~nr----_, ______,_._,~____,_____-t------t--;rSHEET
0 CONDITION

41+------t-------+-
400F

1.6
STRAIN - PERCENT

FIG. 3.042 lSOCHRONOUS STREss-STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET IN 0 CONDITION. (14)

 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED DECEMBER 1971

i.._j
Mg 20
3 Th
0.7 Zr
16

HK31A
12

!il
~ 8

OL---~----~----~--~----~----~----~~----~----~----~~
0 0.8 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 1.6 2.4
STRAL'I- PERCENT

FIG. 3.043 ISOCHRONOUS STRESs-STRAIN CURVES FOR CASTINGS IN T6 CONDITION AT TEMPERATURES OF

400, 500, AND GOOF. (15)

HK31A
SAND CAST TEST BARS
T6 CONDITION

800F

0.8 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 l.G 2.4

STRAIN - PERCENT

FIG. 3.044 ISOCHRONOUS STRES5-STRAIN CURVES FOR CASTINGS IN T6 CONDITION

AT 700 AND 800F. (15)
REVISED DECEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Mg
3 Th
0.7 Zr

HK31A

HK31A j
~ND CAST TEST BARS
20 -1.0 PER ENT TlTAL EXTJNSION"" _
TG CONDITION

10
0.5 PERCENT- v
0.2 PERCENT ~
5
0.1 PERCENT
------
400F

1
20
1. 0 PERCENT7
-
-- --:::::::::
10

-
0.5 PERCENT
v
----
5 I 0.2 PERCENT- 1--
I /
0.1 PERCENT-

500F
1
20

111
_ L-o.S PERCENT -.~o PERCEN7
5
. r---
/ -r-- ~
~~
0.2 ~ERCE~T ~ -- ----
~
1
600F I
0.1 PERCENI

~-~
0.1 10 100 1000
TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.045 TOTAL CREEP STRAIN CURVES FOR CAS11NG5 IN T6 CONDITJON.(l5)

 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: DECEMBER 1971

Mg HK31A I I Source
TABLE 3 051
I
SAND CAST TEST BARS
Fonn a Sand Caslin
(15)(27)
T6 CONDITION CIJ Sheet
3 Th 20 Stress Stress F:illgue StrengLh-ksl
0.5 PERCENT TOTAL EXTENSION
0.7 Zr 10 0.2 PERCENT Coadltlon
Temp Method
F
Rallo Conccn- at Cvcles
tration
0.1 PERCENT A R 105 106 107 10 8
(a) T6 RT Rot bend Q) -1 Smooth 15 to 12topo ~ . 9 to
HK31A 5 18 14 ' 12 11
Rev bend Q) -1 Smooth 6to 10 to 8 to
20 12 10
-
(b) H24 RT Direct
stress
~.60 0.25 As rolled 22 to 19 to 18 to
25 22 20
-
400F 400 18 to 13 to 10 to -
20 16 14
15 1-
10 0.5 PERCENT
0.2 PERCENT
0.1 PERCENT
~ 5

40
UK31A.I
30 SHEET -f-

~ - L.t.....
500F 1124 CONDITION

- --=-
1 1-
-20 Sl\IOOTII
A'
10 "'
:.:

." .:, 15
-f--h- .
..... ~

---~-
"'a:
0.5 PERCENT
"'... t-- i--- L. Kt = 3- A
0.2 PERCENT "'10
,f
-

--
0.1 PERCENT
1--- "'....~ 8 """' lA-._ ~
GOOF u
- 6 """ Kt = 5
~..I!_ ... -
...2
1 ~
10 5 ian.
100 1000
EXPOSURE TIME- HOURS
~
::;
I-A A=0.50, R = 0.33
F=*

FIG. 3.046 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TIME AT TEST TEMPERA- A=?-98, R = 0.01 75F
TURE PRIOR TO LOADING ON THE 100 !lOUR CREEP
tofi 106
STRENGTH OF SAND CASTINGS IN T6 CONDITION.
CYCLES TO FAILURE
(15)(26)
FIG. 3.052 AXIAL FATIGUE PHOPERTIES OF SMOOTH AND
NOTCHED SHEET SPECIMENS AT !lOOM I'EMP..
ERA T'JRE. (36)

40
IIK31A
30 fi!EET
.a 11:!.4 CONO!TION
1--
""':. ~
r---~
- I

r-'i ~
-"'
-
SMOOT I!

~
~ :-..__ !-!
Alloy
Condition
Form
Source
TABLE 3 047
HK31A
Tfi
Forldn s
(10)
8

6
' '"'
""
t-..,

.--.;;,::::
Kt = 3

...........:.--= t--
1--.4
.
::-e ~

t.-.=
Stresses for the folloWing extensions (t-5! ~
---
In 100 hr ksl
Test Forge 0.1 percent 0.2 percent 0.5 percent
.JI- A A= 0.50, 0.33 [I~ -
Temp-F Temn- F creeo eA=0.98. R = 0.01 300F
total total 3
-100 700 17.0 12.0 18.0
1000 105 toG
18.5 11.9 19.0
500 700 CYCLES TO FAILURE
1.4 1.5 2.4
1000 8.0 7. 4 9.8
GOO I. , FIG. 3.053 AXIAl, FATIGUE PRON:HTIF..S OF SMOOTH AND
1000 1.8 2.5 NOTCHED SHEET SPECIMENS AT 300F. (36)
 NUNrERROUS ALLOYS

30r-~----~----~-----r----~------~--
~ ~------~
HK31A
SHEET Mg
30 H24 CONDITION
HK31A
3 Th
~20
SliEET 0.7 Zr
H24 CONDITION -
I
~15
~ ~ .... SMOOTH HK31A
~
~
"'10

s><
til

t.l
:a
8

6 r---
"' ~
~

...........
~

"''-
~
- ..
~~
~~

~
2 5
Kt=3.0

...~4 &A=O.~O,
~
h=0.33
eA = 0.98, R = 0.01 500F

105 106
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3. 054 AXlAL FATIGUE PROPERTIE S OF SMOOTH AND

NOTCHED SHEET SPECIMENS AT 500F. (36) 2 3 4 5 6 7
TANGENT MODULUS - 1000 KSI

FIG. 3,ij622 COMPRESSIVE TANGENT MODULUS CURVES AT ROOM

AND ELEVATED TEMPERAT URES. (14)

30
HK31A
SHEET
H24 CONDITION
7 25 70F

~~
--~
HK31A 300F ....._
<llt:l.
r-- ~~ 400F""-

1\'\1\
6 20 500F ..........

~~
~
f---~ I

5 ~ ~15

1\ 1\\
=
'\\ f-o
til

10

3
e SHEET.AND PLATE, H24 CONDI17.0N
0 SHEET AND PLATE, 0 CONDITION
0 SAND CAST TES BARS TG CONDITICN
5
GOOF

" ['..,_
\
;> ~
2
100 200 300 400
TEMPERAT URE- F
500 600 700
0
0 1 2
b 3 4 5 6
SECANT MODULUS - 1000 KSI
FIG. 3.0621 EFFECT OF TEMPERAT URE ON STATIC MODULUS OF FIG. 3.0623 COMPRESSIVE SECANT MODULUS CURVES AT ROOM
ELASTICITY . (28) AND ELEVATED TEMPERAT URES. (14)

tPt. 10'71 n~otr,.. _ C!h.t-- "'--

 l'<iVl'lr C:.I"'U"(UU~ ALLUY~ REVISED= DECEMBER 1971

60
Mg 40 HK31A ......
SHEET
3 Th H24 CONDITION

0.7 z2o
Zr
...=
HK31A ~ 10
a6
!-<
8

0
~ 4
..:l
0
:.:
2

650 700
60
.. 1 I

"'
750 HK31A
0.063 IN SHEET _I
FORMING TEMPERAT URE- F
H24 CONDITION
50 EZ33A FILLER ALLOY-
FIG. 4. 011 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE FOHMING

~
TIME AS A FUNCTION OF FORI\IlNG
TEMPERAT URE. (14)(29)(30) FTU-
40
.._-1.

_rt_ ~'~
--4...
t--e- ~ '
30
!il
:.:
.....
FTY ~
20
~
~

10 f--
-BASE METAL
'-.., r--_
-., ~
-
r--. ~
---WELD BEAD ~'LUSH I
0
14
60
HK31A J
SHEET AND

12 \ Plf-TE
40
_/
\ CON~ON J~
o(2 IN)

'"'
10

~
~ ,._-:=:$./

i ~ t:----1
c:IE-<
I
c: 6
8

I \I -- 0
-400 -200
.A-- !-.A-"
0 200
TEMPEHAT UHE- F
i
400

FIG. 4.032 EFFECT OF TEMPERAT UHE ON TENSIJ,E PHOPERTJE S

600

0
\
"' ~ OF 0. 063 INCH SHEET, BOTH UNWE:LDED AND WITH
!-<
g
i\
ARC WELDED BUTT JOINTS TAANSVEHSE TO GAGE
'Cl .; --0 CONDITION
LENGTH. (14)
7.

""'0
tLl
Cl

0
0 200 400 600
TElliPEHAT UHE- F
""' 800

FIG. 4.012 MINIMUM BEND FACTOR (HAT!O

OF BEND RADWS TO SHEET OR
PLATE TIUCKNESS) AS FUNCTION
OF TEMPERAT URE. (14)(31)

CODE 3503]
 IWI~1J'I' I

REVISED DECEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

L; 60

...r----.._ kalA I
0.125 IN SHEET
HK31Aj l Mg
0.063 INCH SHEET
H24 CONDITION H24 CONDITION
50 900 3 Th
~=~~UDY -
..... ............. 0.7 Zr
40
FTU
~ HK31A
--
; \
~
30
._
...
r-- h - - r-=::::::::: ~
FTY
tj
-- t---
70 0 \
20
\
-
-a
GO 0
0 100 200 300 400 500
\
GOO
TEMPERATURE - F
e BASE METAL
10 A WELD BEAD FLUSH FIG. 4.035 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SHEAR STRENGTH
WELD BEAD ON OF RESISTANCE SPOT WELDS IN O.OG3 INCH SHEET.(34)

0
_.,.
0 l---e(2 IN)
- :: RF.FERENCES
0
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
TEMPERATURE - F 1. "Digest of Specifications for Magnesium Products - 1970','
Form No. 141-138-70, The Dow Chemical Company,
FIG. 4.033 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE S ON TENSILE Midland, Michigan (1970).
PROPERTIES OF 0.125 INCH SHEET, BOTH 2. AMS 4384D, HK31A-0 Sheet and Plate (May 1, 1968).
UNWELDED AND WITH TRANSVERSE BUTT 3. AMS 4385E, HK31A-H24 Sheet and Plate (May 1, 19r.S).
WELDS MADE BY lNERT-GAS-SlUE LD TUNGSTEN 4. AMS 4445C, HK31A-TG Sand Castings (May 1, 1968).
ARC PROCESS. 5. ASTM BS0-68, Sand Castings.
(35)
6. ASTM B199-68, Permanent Mnlo Castings.
7. ASTM D-103-67, Investment Castings.
8. ASTM B90-69, Sheet and Plate.
9. "Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals
Handbook, Volume 2, 8th Edition (1964) pp. 292-297.
10. "Magnesium Forging Alloys for Elevated Temperature
Service," Code 1.9 JFP, Dow Chemical Company, Mid-.
land, Michigan (June 17, 1968).
11. "Arc Welding Magnesium" Fonn No. 141-300-67, Dow
Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan (1967).
12. "Heat Treating Sand and Permanent Mold Magnesium
Castings," Form No. 141-35-68, Dow Chemical Company
Midland, Michigan (1968).
13. "Design It With Magnesium Mill Products: Form No.
141-233-70, Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan
(1970).
14. "Magnesium In Design," Form 141-213-G7, The Dow
Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan (1967).
15. "Room and Elevated Temperature Properties of Magne-
sium Casting Alloys," Bulletin No. 171-17G, Dow Chemi-
cal Company, Midland, Michigan
16. "Properties of Magnesium Casting Alloys," ASM Metals
TABLE 4 034
Alloy Handbook, Volume 1, 8th Edition (1961) pp. 1095-1105.
HK31A 17. Leon !Is, T. E., "Properties of Magnesium-Thor ium and
Form Sheet
Condition Magnesium-Thor ium-Cerium Alloys," Jr. of Metals,
H24
Volume 4, (1952) pp. 287-294.
Source 34) 18. "Physical Properties of Magnesium and Magnesium
Sheet Spot Weld Shear Strength
Alloys," Code 2.51, Dow Chemical Company, Midland,
Thickness Diameter Range Range
Michigan (1967).
In In lb/spat
0.032 19. Jensen, J. w., "Damping Capacity- Cause and Effects,"
0.16-0.23 250-350
0.040 Ugbt Metal Age, Volume 22, (December 1964) pp. 4-8.
0.15-0.25 250-480
0.063 20. MIL- M-46062A, Sand Castings.
0.25-0.35 660-990
0.090 21. "Shop Oulde for Elevated Temperature Magnesium Alloys:
0. 28-0.36 846-1200
0.125 0. 25-0.45 Balletln No. 141-204, Dow Chemical Company, Midland,
886-1820
Michigan (March 1959).
22. Melonas, J. V., and Kattus, J. R., "Determination of
Tensile, Compression, Bearing, and Shear Properties o1
Ferrous and Nonferrous Structural Sheet Metals at
Elevated Temperatures," WADC Technical Report 56-340
(October 1956).
 NONFERRCUS ALLOYS REVISED: DECEMBER 1971

23. Reed, R. P., Mikesel l, R. P., and Greeson , R. L.,

"Some
Mg Mechanical Propert ies of Magnesi um Alloys at Low
Temp-
erature s," ASTM STP 287, pp. 61-73 (1961).
3 Th 24. Dow (1959).
25. Fenn, R. W., Jr., "Low Temper ature Propert ies of
0.7 Zr and Wrought Magnesi um Alloys," ASTM STP 287, pp.
Cast
51-57 (1961).
26. Nelson, K. E., "Tensile nnd Creep Propert ies at Elevated
HK31A Temper atures of Some Magnes ium- Base Sand Casting
s
Alloys," ASTM Proceed ings, Volume 54, (1954) pp.
1081-
1097.
27. illtll Sheet, Dow Chemic al Company, Midland, Michiga
n,
(May 20, 1958).
28. Fenn, R. W., Jr., "Young 's Modulus of Magnesium
Alloy~
as a Function of 1'emper aturo and Metallu rgical
Variabl es," ASTM Proceed ings, Volume 58 (1958)
pp.
826-837 .
29. "Formin g Magnesi um, Part 1," Form No. 141-305
-65,
Dow Chemica l Compan y, Midland, Michigan (1965).
30. "Selecti on and Applicat ion of Magnesi um Alloys, " ASM
Metals Handbook, Volume 1, 8th Edition (1961) pp.
1067-
1086.
31. "Formin g Magnesi um, Part 3," Form No. 141-307
-66,
Dow Chemica l Company, Midland, Michigan (1966).
32. "Design ," Magnesi um Electron Limited , 1270 Avenue
of
the America s, New York, Now York 10020.
33. "Arc Welding Magnes ium," Form 141-300 -67, Dow
Chemica l Company, Mldlnnd, Michigan (1967).
34. "Resistl lnce Welding Magnes ium," Form 141-304 -66,
now Chemica l Compnny, Midland , Michiga n(l966).
35. Fenn, R. W., Jr. and Lockwood, '~ ~., "Low Temper
a-
ture Propert ies of Welded :Magnesium Alloys," Welding
Jr. Researc h Supplem ent, Volume 39, (1960) pp. 3528-
356S.
36. Blatcher wlch, A. A., and Cera, A. F.., "Fatii,'Ue, Creep,
and Stress- Rupture Propert ies of Several Super Alloys,"
AFML Technic al Report 69-12 (January 1969).

r
 REVISE D MARCH 1968
MgWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS
J. G. SESSLE R

1. GENERAL 1.07 Forms and Condition s Available

HM21A is one of a recently developed series of beat
1.071 Sheet and plate are available In the full commerc ial
treatable magnesium alloys containing thorium and
range of sizes in the T8 condition but are limited to the MQ
manganes e as hardeners . It Is available In the form of
thiclmess range of 0.125 to 0.312 Inch In the T81
sheet, plate and forgings for service at temperatu res
condition. 2 Th
up to 700F. Sheet and plate In the T8 condition are 1.072 Forgings are available In all commerc ial sizes and
superior to HK31A-H24 for short time service above
generally are In the T5 condition. 0.8 Mn
550F and, at lower temperatu res for long time service.
Sheet and plate In the T81 condition are superior to
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
HM21A-78 at temperatu res up to GOOF and are
1.081 Magnesiu m melting practice for Ingots comprise s
HM21 A
comparab le with HM21A-T8 at GOOF and above.
Forgings in the T5 condition offer the best combinati on alloying and melting In Iron pots under flux and
of propertie s for magnesium alloys In the temperatu re continuou s casting of Ingots up to about 28 Inches
range of 500 to 700F. This alloy can be readily diameter.
welded and It Is free from stress cracking.
1.09 Special Considera tions
1.01 Commerc ial Designatio n 1. 091 Alloys containing thorium require dust and fume
HM21A control to prevent radiation poisoning. Normal dust
control for fire hazard during grinding Is satisfacto ry.
1.02 Alternate Designatio n Welding requires local exhaust of the fumes.
None 1.092 AEC license Is required for fabricatio n and applicatio n
of this alloy.
1. 03 Specificat ions
Table 1.03
TABLE 1.03

Source I (4) (5)

Allov I lll\121A 2. PHYSICAL AND CIIEJIIICAL PROPERT IES
Form and Condition AMS U.s. Governme nt
2.01 Thermal Propertie s
Sheet and Plate - T8 Condition 4390D Mil-M-89 17 (a) 2.<lll Melting range. Solidus temp.
Sheet and Plate - T81 Condition
Forgings - T5 Condition
4383
4363A
-
- Liquidus temp.
1121F
1202F,
(Ref S)(Rcf 16).
Forgings - QQ-M-40 b (b) 2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subject to precipitat ion.
(a) Military specificat ion 2.013 Thermal conductiv ity.
(b) Federal specificat ion AtRT. 79.2 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F).
At GOOF. 81.7 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F),
(Ref 8).
2.014 Thermal expansion , Figure 2.014.
1.04 Composit ion
Table 1.04 2.015 Specific heat, Figure 2.015.
TABLE 1.04
2.016 Dlffuslvit y. Figure 2.016
Source (4)
Alloy IIM21A 2.02 other Physical Propertie s
2.021 DcnslLy. 0.642 lb per cu In
Percent
Min Max I. 776 gr per cu em,
(Ref 10)(Hcf 15).
Thorium 1.5 2.5 2.022 Electrical resistivity , Figure 2.022.
Manganes e 0.45 1.1
Impuritie s 2.023 Magnetic propertie s. Alloy Is ron-magn etic.

--
each 0.10 2.024 Emlsslv!L y.
total 0.30 2.025 Damping capacity, Figure 2. 025.
Magnesiu m Balance
2.026 Ignition temperatu re (estimated ) 1180 to 1200F,
(Ref 8).

2.03 Chemical Propertie s

(Sec also AZ31B).
1.05 Heat Treatmen t
2.031 General. The base metal salt water corrosion
1.051 Sheet and plate are heat treated to T8 condition or
resistance of tho wrought magnesium thorium alloys Is
T81 condition by the producer of the alloy. Its'
somewhat better than that of other wrought and cast
favorable propertie s of T8 sheet and plate are
magnesium alloys. I!M21A Is bel!evcd not to be
oblalned by cold work between solution treating and
aging. The T81 condition Is obtained uy modificati ons susceptib le to stress corrosion . No failures have
occured In T8 sheet specimen s exposed to a rural
at the rolUng mill of the basic T8 condition material,
environm ent for over 7 years when stressed to 75
(Ref 8).
percent of Fty Surface preparatio n of these specimen s
1.052 Forgings. Age F condition (as forged) to T5 condition
450F, 16 hours. consisted of acetic nitrate pickle plus abrasive
cleaning with UOO grit alox!te cloth, (Ref I) (Ref 15).
l.OG ~ 2.04 ~uclear Propertie s
1.0G1 Hardness of T5 forgings. At RT 53-62 RE (2).
2.041 Alloy Is ol!flhtly radioactiv e, equivalen t to a watch
67 RE (14). dial.
1.062 This alloy hardens Cully on bent treating !n all
2.042 The manganes e content and resulting blgh nuclear cross
commerc ial section sizes.
section make this alloy unsuitable for applicatio ns
where nuclear shielding Is undesirab le.
MgWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

MECHANICAL PROPERTmS
Spec1fled Mechanical Properties
AMS specified mechanical properties, Table 3. 011.

TABLE 3.011

Scurce AMS 4;'A0 AMS 4383 AMS4363A

Form Sheet, l'i;te Sheet, Plate DieFo~s Ring Forgings
HM21A Condition T8 T81 T5 T5
Thickness, Inch 0.016 0.250 0,500 1.000 2.000 0.125 up to All up to over
to to to to to to 4.000 2.000 2.000
0.250 0.500 1.000 2.000 3.000 0.312
Direction Parallel Circum. Axial Axial
to Flow
F tu, min, ksl 33 32 30 30 30 34 33 32 28 26
Fty, min, ksl 18 21 21 21 21 25 25 26 13 10
F cy' min, ksl 16 20 17 15 14 22
e(2 In), min, percent 6 6 6 6 6 4 3 4 6 6

3.0213 Minimum design properties for T81 sheet aJJd plate,

Table 3. 0213.
TABLE 3.0213

Scurce (8)
A!lov HM21A
Form Sheet and Plate
Condition T81
Th!c knees, Inch 0.125 to o. 2511 to
0.250 G.312

3.02 Mechanical Propert!cP At Room Temperature

3.021 Tension. See also 3. 031. Ftu, ksl, mln 33 34
3.0211 Stress strain diagrams. Sec 3,0311. 25 26
F ty, ksl, mln
3.0212 Typical mechanical properties of sheet and plate,
Table 3.0212. c(2 In), percent 4 4
Fey ks!, min 22 22
TABLE 3.0212

Sout."Ce fll
Alloy IIM21A
Form Sheet and Plate
Condition T8 3.0214 Average mcchan!eal properties of rolled rings
produced from upset blanks, Table 3.0214.
Thickness, Inch o. 016 to 1 o. 250 to 1 o. 500 to 11.000 to 2.000 to
TABLE 3.0214
0.250 0.500 1.000 2.000 3,000

Jo'tu, ks! ).. 36 37 35 34 34 Scurce (9)

I I I I
1 A!lov llM21A
T
mln
35
33 I 39
32
37
30
37
30
39
30 Form
Condition
Roiled Rings from Upset Blanks
T5
25 26 Ro!!lng Reduction
Fty' ksl L 28 30 28 Orientation
T
mln
I
24
18
I
28
21
I I I
26
21
27
21
28
21 20 Jl
40J
Pcrecnt Percen ~en
60

Ftu, i(Si Tang 38 39 40

Fey' ksl L 21 24 22 20 1o
I Axial
Radial I I I
34
34
34
36
36
36

I I I I
T 20 25 23 21 20
mln 15
I 20 17 15 14
Fly' ksl Tang 2~ 33 34

e(2 ln), percent

L 11 11 12 11 10
I Axial
Radial I I I
14
13
18
14
23
17

T
mln
.
I 17
6 I I I
14
6
17
6
13
6
11
6 e,percent

I
Tang
Axial
Radial
9

I I I
10
14
7
11
15
8
9
12

Tang 16 18 21

I I I I
Fey' ksl
A'l'.l 15 16 18
n.,:.:ll 15 18 22
 MgWT
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.0215 Average mechanical properties of rolled rings 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperalllres
produced directly from cast blanks, Table 3. 0215. 3.031 Tension
3.0311 Stress strnln diagrams.
TABLE 3.0215 3.03111 Tensile stress strain curves for sheet In T8 condition,
Figure 3.03111.
3.03112 Tensile stress strain curves for sheet In TSl condition
Source (9) Figure 3. 03112.
Allov HM2lA 3,0312 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of
Form sheet In condition TS, Figure 3. 0312.
Rolled Rings from Cast Blank;!_ HM21A
3.0313 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties o!
Condition T5 plate In TS condition, Figure 3.0313.
Rolling Reduction 3.0314 Effect of test temperuture on tensile properties of
Orientation sheet and plate In the TSl condition, Figure 3. 0314.
20 40 ,JI
Perccn Percen4 PP.rcent
I GO 3.0315 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of
forgings, Figure 3. 0315.
3.0316 Effects of test temperature and test direction on

I I
Ftu' ksl Tang 31 34 37 tensile properties of forgings, Figure 3.0316.

I Axial
Radial I 28
30
31
33
34
33
3.0317

3.0318
Effects of forging temperature and test temperature
on tensile properties , Figure 3. 0317.
Effect of strnln rate on tensile properties of sheet
Fty, ksi Tang 22 27 30 at various test temperatures, Figure 3. 0318.

I Axial
Radial I I I
16
12
20
12
23
16
3.032
3. 0321

3.0322
Compression.
Compressive stress-strain curves for sheet in TS
condition, Figure 3.0321.
Effect of test temperature on compressive yield
e, percent Tang 2 5 5 strength of sheet, Figure 3. 0322.

I Axial
Radial I I I 3
9
G
12
5
9
3.0323

3,033
Effect of test temperature on comprc.sslve yield
strength of plate, Figure 3.0323.
lmpoct.
3.034 Bending.
F , ksl Tang 13 15 20 3,03~
cy Torsion and shear.

I Axial
Radial I I I
13
16
15
17
19
22
3.0351

3.0352
Effect of test temperature on shear strength of sheet
In TB condition, Figure 3.0351.
Effect of test temperature on shear strength of
pinto In TB condition, Figure 3.0352.
3.0216 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on tensile 3.036 Bearing.
properties of sheet at room temperature, Figure 3.0216. 3.0361 Effect of test temperature on bearing properties of
sheet In TS condition, Figure 3.0361.
3.022 Compression, (See Tables 3.01, 3.0212, 3.0213, 3.0362 Effect of test temperature on bearing properties of
3.0214 and 3.0215). plntc In TS condition, Figure 3,0362.
3.023 Impact. 3.037 Stress eoncentrntion.
3.0231 C:harpy V Notch Impact strength of TS forgings at 3.0371 Notch properties.
room temperature. 5.2 ft lbs, (Ref 2). 3.0372 Fracture toughness.
3.024 Bending. 3.038 Combined properties.
3,025 Torsion and shear.
3. 0251 Room temperature shcor properties of T8 sheot and
TABLE 3.0261
plate, Table 3, 0251.

TAB t.E 3, 0251 Source (1)

.\lloy liM2lA
Source (I
Form Sheet and Plate (a)
Alloy IIM21A
Condition TB
Form
Condition
Sheet and I'lote Cal
T8
Thickness, Inches 0.016 to lo.2so to
0.250 0.500
I o.so~; 1.ooo ,2.ooo to
1.000 2.0001 3.000
Thickness, Inches 0.016 tol 0,25~ ,0.500 t1l.OOO to~~.oooto (e/d =1.5)
0.250 0.500 1.000 2.000 3.000
Fbru, ksl L 55 57 53 52 52

F su ksl L 25 26 24 24 24
T
min I I I I I
53
47
61
45
57 57 61

I I I I I
43 43 43
T 24 27 26 26 27
min 21 20 19 19 19
(a) Data given are typical and minimum properties are not guaranteed Fbry' ksi L 39 42 40 38 36
T
min I 38
29 I I I I
43
35
41
31
39
29
38
27

(c/d =2.0)
3.026 Bearing.
Room temperature bearing properties of T8 sheet and Fbru, ksl L 65 67 63 61 61
3. 0261
pinto, Table 3.0261. T
min I 63
56 I 71
54 I I I67
52
67
52
71
52

Fbry, ksl L 39 42 40 38 30
3.027
3. 0271
3.0272
Stress noncentration.
Notch properties.
Frocture toughness.
T
mh I 38
29 I 43
35 I I I41
31
39
29
38
27

3.oze Combined properties. (a) Data given are typical and minimum properties are not guaranteed.
IYIYYY I

NONFERR OUS ALLOYS REVISEDMA RCH 1968

3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties 4. FABRICATION

Mo 3.041 100 hour creep and total strain data for sheet and
forgings, Table 3. 041. 4.01 Formability
4.011 General. Magnesium alloys possess c:<cellcnt
2 Th formability at elevated temperatures and many
0.8 operations requlrtng relatively mild deformation
Mn TABLE 3.041
around generous radii (as In bending) can be done at
room temperature for llM21A, no significant change
Source (1)(2)(10) In bending radius occurs from room temperature to
HM 21A 5001-'. Parts rcquirtng bends sharper than can be
Condition
Test Tl,st Creep I
100 llr Strength. ks!
Total Strain
made at room temperature should be bent at GOO to
800F. In drawing operations the sheet requires die
Direction Temp
F
0.1
Percent
0.2
I
0.5
Percent Percent
temperatures of 700 to 750F with drawing speeds up to
12 Inches per minute. Punch temperatures of 350 to
= 0.125 In Sheet 400F are recommended and generous radii on drawing
dies should be employed, (Ref 10)(Ref 15).
T8 - 300 14,9 12.0 15,G 4.012 llot working temperature range. G50 to SOOF, (Ref IG).
- 400 13.3 11.4 13.5 4.01:1 Die temperature of electrically heated dies for hot
- 500 8,0 7.0 9.0 dimpling Is 850F, provided that die contact with sheet
- GOO 5.0 5.0 G.O does not exceed 5 seconds, (Ref 10).
- 700 2.3 2.G 3.3 4.014 Suggested bend factors, Figure 4.014.
1 In Disk Forged at 700F 4.015 Forgtng of alloy Is usually done In closed dies and
T5 - 400 18.0 12.5 19.0 press forging Is the preferred method, (Ref 10).
- 500 12.0 9.5 13.5

I -- I GOO
700 I 7.7
3,7
1 In Disk Forged at lOOOF
I 7.0
3.8 I 9,0
5,4
-1.02
4,021
Machining and Grinding
liM21A has excellent machining characteristics. lllgh
S!>ccd tools arc normally suitable but carbide tipped
T5 - 400 13.8 11.2 15.0 tools :uc preferred. Very good finish cuts arc obtained
- 500 12.0 9.o 13.5 with diamond tools. Tools must be kept sharp. Dry

I -
-
I GOO
700 I 5.4
2.G
Production Forgings
5.3
2,6 I G.G
2.9
machining is rt">Commcnded and compressed air is
sometimes used for cooling. U liquid coolant Is used,
It should be mineral oil, (Hcf 10).
T5 Axial (a) 400 11.0 9.5 12.0 o!.022 Drlllln~;. General purpose steel drills can be used for
GOO 8.0 7 ., 8.0 holes up to 5 times drill diameter. Speeds can vary
700 3.1 :1,1 3.3 from 300 to 2000 fpm with feeds from 0. 005 to 0, 050
Trans (a) 400 11.0 9.4 12.0 Inch per revolution, (Hcf 10).
GOO 7.6 6.9 B > ~lllllng Tumlng. Moderate feeds and depth of cut,
Radial (b) 700 3.5 3.5 3,9 high cutting speeds. large rake angles and ample chip ,.,.
400 13.0 II. 0 15.0 clearance arc desirable. (sec reference 10 for more
GOO 6.0 6.0 G.2 detailed Information).
700 3.4 :1.2 3.G 1.0:!4 Grinding. Hough grinding should employ medium to
(a) Specimens taken from forged wheel. course grain wheels. Dust collection systems (wet type)
(b) Specimens taken from forged Impeller fin. specifically recommended for mnb,'llcslum must be
used.

3.042 Stresses for 0.1 percent creep strain In 100 hours for ot.o:l \\'chling
sheet, Figure 3. 042. 4 .o:n Gcncml. Alloy exhibits good wcldablllty with
3,043 Isochronous stress strain curves. practically no tendency toward weld cracking, l'Z33A
3. 0431 Isochronous stress strain curves for TB sheet at composition Is recommended for nrc welding, The
400 to 900F, Figure 3.0131. alloy Is also readily spot welded. Detailed Information
3. 0432 Isochronous stress strain curves for TSI sheet at on weldablllty of this alloy Is given In reference 11.
GOOF, Figure 3. 0132.
3. 0433 Isochronous stress strain curves for T81 sheet at 1.04 Ileal Treatment
700F, Figure 3.0433. Sec AZG3A,
3. 0434 Isochronous stress strain ct: fnr T81 sheet at
BOOP, Figure 3. 0134. 4.05 Surface Treatment
3. 0435 Isochronous stress strain cur-. TBI sheet at 4.051 General, Surface treatments for magnesium alloys
900F, Figure 3,0435, arc many and arc used tn numerous combtnntlons.
3.043G Isochronous stress strain curves for forgings at They nrc applied for corrosion protection, electrical
400 to 7001-', Figure :I.O.J3G. resistance or abrasion resistance. Excellent detailed
discussions pc>tnlnlng to surface treatment of
3.05 Fatigue Properties magnesium alloys arc given In references 6, 7 and 10.
3.051 S-N curves for sheet tested at room temperature,
4001-' and GOOF, Figure 3.051.
S-N curves for smooth and notched specimens from
forgtngs tested at room temperature, FIJ(IIre 3. 052.
3.053 S-N curves for smooth specimens from forgings tested
nt room temperature, 400F and GOOF, Fib'llre :1.053.

3.06 Elastic Properties

3.061 Poisson's Ratio, 0,35. (Ref 10).
3.062 Modulus of elnsticlty.
3 .0621 Effect of lest temperature on modulus of elasticity.
Figure 3, OG21.
3.063 Modu Ius of rlgtdlty, 24 00 ksl, (Ref I 0).
 MgWT
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

i .
\..__~-;

6
HM21A HM21A
17 SHEET
TBl CONDITION
MEAN COEF LINEAR
'=
"' ______. ~ ~
--
~
THERMAL EXPANSION
p..
i5
=
~
p..
16

-
.--- HNI21 A
i5 151---1--~F-----l
'1'0
.... TO TEMPERATURE 0
INDICATED 0 100 200 300 400 500 600
TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 2.022 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY.
TEST TEMP-F
(8)
FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION.
(8)
1.6r-------------------~------~~---r
~ lli\121A
~ T5 CONDITION
~
'7
;.. 1.2
!::::
u DAMPiNG CAPACITY
c:...:
o.35r------------------, u o.s
IIM21A
~
p..
1<. EXTRAPOLATED
::a
~ MEASURED Ci o. 4 t------t--~:>"':'+-------+------+------1
g
=
~
p.. !::
l;l
iQl=! ~ OL-----~------~----~------~----~
u 800 1600 2400 3200 4000
SPECIFIC HEAT STHESS (TORSION)-PSI
0 20
FIG. 2. 025 DAMPiNG CAPACITY.
" o~--~2~00~-~4~0-0---60~0----8~00----~1000 (14)
TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 2.015 SPECIFIC HEAT.
(10) HM21A
40 !-- 0. 025 TO 0. 064 SHEET
.I> T8 CONDITION F TU

~~
30

...... FTY

-~~
20
~

EXPOSURE TIME
3.0 10 1- -
HM21A
T8 CONDITION 20 TO 30 JlllNUTE
(REFERENCi:: ll

=
:>::
!>:
2.8
0
2 o- 100 IIOURS
(HEFERENCE 10) -
~
p..
E-<
'0'"' 2.6 0
t.
"' .... ~-
e

0
400 600 0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEST TEMP-F EXPOSURE TEIIIP-F
FIG. 2.016 DIFFUSIVITY (CALCULATED VALUES). FIG. 3. 0216 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
-~.
(10) TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF SIIEET AT ROOM TEMPERATURE.
(1) (10)
MgWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

HM21A
MQ 0.125 IN SHEET
T8CONDmON
2 Th 30 ......-7oF-

0.8 Mn /
/""' T
25

HM21A ~ 20 I/ L!tnnF

~~
gj 400F
500F
1:! 15
t;
10
ff/ rr- OOF

5 1 ,-1 ~OOF

0I
If/

--
I

as'
I
'1'--o IIM21A
0. 016 - o. 250 IN SHEET 50
70F L ~ TS CONDITION

v
""~
30

/
-
~
25

20
v 300F
0
L
T
40

~~
400F
~ 15
500F
30
I;;
~
GOOF
~
..
'
10

5 J ~
700F
30
......
FTY

20
~
r..

If/ r -v
0
0
"'
0

"'
0
>
0

0"' 20
~
~ ~ ~~
~

~ ~\ ~
STRAIN IN PER IN ~
FIG. 3. 03111 TENSILE STRESS STRAIN CURVES [::
r..
FOR SHEET IN TS CONDITION. 10
" 0

~~
(10)

0 I~

HM21A
0

..~
c

(
/
40 - I-
T81CONDmON
0.190 IN SHEET
0
,... ,...
~~ ~
75F

/
v -400 -200 0 200 !00
TEST TEMP-F
600 H~U lUO 0

FIG, 3.0312 EFF!'CT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TI:NSILE PROPERTIES OF

~OOF
/. _,. SHEET IN CONDITION T8. (1)

~.v l.sooF

IlL GOOF

10 A~ 700F
jJ ~
SOOF
0 ~
0 0.004 o.ooe 0.012
STRAIN IN PER IN
FIG. 3.03112 TENSILE STRESS STR.4JN
Ct:RVES FOR SHEET IN
T81 CONDmOH.
(10)
 MgWT
REVISED~ARCH 1968 NONFE RROUS ALLOYS

50r----;r---------------------~ 50
HM21A HM21A
C,25.l TO 0.500 IN PLATE FORGINGS
T8CONDmO N T5 CONDITION
40

L
AT 40 ao

12
20

or-----4-----~----~----~

0
200
o~----2~0-0-----4~0--0----6~0-0----~800
400 GOO 800 1000
TEST TEMP-F TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3. 0313 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERAT URE ON TENSILE FIG. 3.0315 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERAT URE
PROPERTIE S OF PLATE IN T8 CONDITION, ON TENSILE PROPERTIE S OF
(1) FORGINGS. (10)
.... ~ .. ..,

50
HM21A
FORGINGS
T5 CONDITION
40
HM21A 40
AXIAL } 33 IN DIA
0,125 TO 0.312 IN
TANG WHEEL
SHEET AND PLATE
AVG OF ABOUT
~
30 TB CONDITION 40 1200 TESTS AT RT,
ao
100 TESTS AT 400,
600, AND 700F i:
~ 20 RANGE OF VALUE FTU "'
i: 30_ 40 IN DIFf"ERF.NT 20
"' !2
I
DffiECTlO:.!S
><
E-o
10
20 "' 30
10

eL ~><
0 AT 10
E-o
"'20

-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3,0314 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERAT URE ON TEMP-F
TENSILE PROPERTIE S OF SHEET AND FIG. 3.0316 EFFECTS OF TEST TEMPERATU RE AND TEST
PLATE IN THE T81 CONDITION, (8) DffiECTION ON TENSILE PROPERTIE S OF
FORGINGS,
(2)
MgWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

40
0 IIM21A
Mo JIMZlA
1 IN DISK FORGINGS 30 SIIEET
-
TB CONDITION
2 Th T5 CONDITION
ao 25
0.8 Mn
~ ~
70F
~
L
300F
20
!:! I

HM21A 30 20 ~
"'"'"'
...
~
15 If ~ 400F
SOOF

!2
I

!::
"' 10 A~ --t"GOOF

~
20 10
5 II
10 0
if
...z 40 30 :
I
I

"'
f;l
w 25
T
p..
0 70F
0 200 400 GOO 800 ~ 20

~'IG. 3.0317
TEMP-F
EFFECT 0~' FORGING TEMPERATURt:
!:! 15
;:_
w
AND TEST TEMPERATURES ON 0:
TENSIU: PROPERTIES. f;; lO I
(2)
5 I
0
I
"'00 "'
0
0
""00
0 0 0
STHAIN -IN I'Eit IN

I'IG. 3. 0321 COMPHESSIVE STRESS-5TRAIN

CUHVES FOR SIIEET IN TS
CONDITION.
(10)

40r-----~-----r------------------~

11M2 lA
SHEET
30r-----,-----~------------------,
TB CONDITION IIM21A
0. 016 TO 0. 250 IN SHEET
TB CONDITION

~ ~
~~ 1or-----~~~~~--~~~~----~zoJ=
STRAIN RATF.
0
6e o.oo5l
0.050
6. 0.50
TEST TEMP-F
0 5.0
FIG. 3.0322 EFFECT OF TF.ST TEMPERATURE ON
0 200 400 GOO COMPilESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH 01'
SHEET.
TEST TEMP-F (1)
FIG. 3.0318 EFI'ECT OF STHAlN HATE ON TENSIU: I'HOPEHTIES
OF SHEET AT VARIOUS TEST TEMPEilATURES.

(10)
REVISEDM ARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

30r-----r-----~----------------,

301r-----~----~----------------~
I!M21A
0.251 TO 0.500 IN PLATE
TS CONDITION
I!M21A
0.251 TO 0.500 IN PLATE
251-~....-+-----11- TB CONDITION
[;]
HM21A
.T
eL

TEST TEMP-F
no. 3.0323 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH OF
PLATE.
(1)

TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0352 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON SHEAR
STRENGTH OF PLATE IN TB CONDITION.
(1)

HM21A
0 O.UIG TO 0.250 IN SHEET
T8 CONDITION
60
c/n 1.5 2.0
0 L
6 T
25 50
HM21A
0.016 TO 0.250 IN Sllt:ET
TB CONDITION
20 40

~
I

15 :::> 30
1>:
~
~
I
::>
rn
10
.T
eL ~l<l

20

5 10

0 10
200 400 600 1000
TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON SHEAR
STRENGTH OF SHEET IN TB CONDITION. 0~----~2~0~0~--~40~0~---6~0~0~---~~--~10~00
(I) TEST TEMP-P
FIG. 3. 0361 EFFECT o TEST TEMF'EIL\TURE ON BEARING
PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN TS CONDmON.
(I)

CODE 35041
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

..
--... /
HM21A
70 1--'.,._-+-0.251 TO 0.500 IN PLATE
T8 CONDITION

HM21A

~ STRESS FOR 0.1%

+-~~-+----i30 ~ CREEP STRAIN IN
r,.r<J. 100 HOURS

oL---~--~--~~-~
0 200 400 600 800
TEMP-F
FIG. 3.042 STRESSES FOR 0.1 PERCENT
CREEP STRAIN IN 100 HOURS
FOR SHEET.
(7)

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0362 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON BEARING
PROPERTIES OF PLATE IN TB CONDITION.
(1)

~ b:-:..
IIM21A
16

I( -- ~-=- --
--
- 0. 064 IN SHEET

--- ---
--
,--
., ..... ... -r-- d- __ ...
TB CONDITION..
1-

8
400F
/( 500F
~ :=.::.:.:: 1-
I ... f-

~ 0
1/ GOOF

8 v 3 HR EXPOSURE AT

t~ ---
TEMP PRIOR TO 15 SEC

____
,_."-- LOADING -----
---
10 MIN
1 HR
4 ------ 10 HR

0
1r
0 0.004
700F

0.008
~ F-----
0. 12 0.004
~
~=

o. IUH
BOOF

u.
/--t
l~
--n---
I
0,004
900F
I
0.008
100 HR

o.o 12
0 (}
STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG, 3.0431 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR T8 SHEET AT 400 TO 900F.
(10)
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFRROUS ALLOYS

18
HM21A
600 TEST 0.175 SHEET
T81 CONDITION

I;;;v: --
L
16
~----
----
~ ........ --
14
..........-- HM21A
1//,/ -~
?.vij' ____.........-
-----f-
12
'!/i,l
I'
r;,;_ /
10
I J I/
8 fb --
-----
5
30
1
SEC
SEC
llfiN
l'/1 ---- 2 MlN
---- 5 MIN

6 til
pi
--- 15 MIN

RESISTANCE HEATING
USED
4 h 'f-
'

0.004 0.008 o. 012 0.016 o.ozo

STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG. 3.0432 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR
T81 SHEET AT GOOF.
(8) 700F TEST IIM21A
0.175 IN SHEET
T8l CONDITION
L

---- 5 SEC
---- 15SEC
--- 30SEC
----- l MIN
--- 2 MIN
-- 5 MIN
------ 10 MIN
--- 15MIN

HESISTANCE HEATING
USED

0 o. 004 o. 008 0. 012 0. 016 0.020

STRAIN IN PER IN
FIG. 3.0433 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR
T81 SHEET AT 700F.
(8)
 NON FERR OUS ALLOYS REVISE D MARCH 1968

SOOF TEST 11M2!A

Mg 0.175 IN SHEET
T81CON DITION
2 Th
6 L
0.8 Mn

HM21 A 5

- - - - 5 SEC
----lO SEC
- - - - - 15SEC
- - - - - 30SEC
- - - - - 1 MIN
2 MIN
--- -5 MIN
---lOMIN
RESISTANCE IIEATING - - - IS MIN
USED

0 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016 0.020

STII.AlN IN PER IN

FIG. 3.034 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STRATN CURVES FOH

T81 SJIEET AT BOo~.
(8)

900F TEST IIM21A

0.175 IN SIIEET
L T 81 C ONDITJON

- - - 5 SEC
2.4 - - 10SEC
- - - - l5SEC
- - - - 30SEC
- - 1 MIN
2.0 ----- 2
iii
:.: 1.6

1.2

0.8

0 0.004 o.oos 0.012 0.016 o.ozo 0.024

STRAIN IN PER IN
FIG. 3.0435 JSOCJIRONOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR T81 SIIEET
AT 900F.
(8)

~ 3504 1
 NON FER ROU S ALLOYS
REVIS ED MARC H 1968

HM 21A
3 lilt EXPOS URE 10 IIR
AT TEMP PRIOH
TO LOADING

------~--__j
o~----~----~-----L-----4
o. 004 0.008 0. 012
0 o. 004 o. 008 0. 012
0
STUAIN IN PElt IN
CURVE S FOR FORGINGS
FIG. 3.0436 ISOCHRONOUS STUESS STUAIN
AT 400 TO 700F.
(10)

IIM2!J\
o. OG4 u~ sm:ET AXIAl. LOAD ~'AT!GUE TESTS
n; o.zr.
TBCON D!T!ON
:so l--- ---- 1-- ---

10
9
oo llT
8
7
A
400t'
GOOF

G
0 t'Al!.t:D OUTSIDE GAGE
5
10 5 lOG 107
!04
NUMUER OF CYC LF~'l
TEMPt: RATUR E,
FIG. 3.051 S-N CUilVF.S FOit Sllt:ET Tt:STE D AT ROOM
400t' AND 600t'.
(1)

CODE 3504 1
MgWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

[J]
HM21A
FORGm'GS SPECIMENS FROM 33" DIA WHEEL FORGING
T5 CONDITION ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE TESTS (R=1)
Th TESTEDATR T

HM 21A

10~------~~--~~--~*-----------r---------
-+--~

9j-------~~-----(==----==4========+=1
sr----------+~~~._--~----------r---------~~,

7r----------+--------~~~--------r----------+--,
6
0
5 NOTCHED Kt = 2 0

~~o7
4--------~1o~5--------~lo~s~--------t~o7~--------oa~
1
NUMBER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3. 052 S-N CURVES FOR SMOOTH AND NOTCHED SPECIMENS FROM
FORGINGS TESTED AT ROOM TEMPERATUR E.
(2)

HM21A
SPECIMENS FROM 33" DIA WHEEL
FORGINGS
AXIAL LOAD FATIGUE TESTS
T5 CONDITION
R =0.25
25
\IW)

20 oa !!D
.. l!!l!lf 0 om
~ 15

10
9
-1m
.-It

0 RT
e
,....,g 0
e
-
~ ~ 00
e eee
~
---
L

~
8 400F

7
e GOOF

6 104
NUMBER OF CYCLES

FIG. 3.053 S-N CURVES FOR SMOOTH SPECIMENS FROM FORGINGf

TESTED AT ROOM TEMPERATU RE, 400F AND 600F.
(2)
 MgWT
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

HM 21A

TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0621 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY.
(1)(2)(10)
REFERENCES

1. The Dow Chemical Co., "HM21A-T8 Magnesium

Alloy Sheet and Plate", (Revised April 24, 1964)
2. The Dow Chemical Co., "Magnesium Forging Alloys
for Elevated Tomperaluro Service", (April 24, 1962)
3. Fenn, R. W, Jr., "Youngs' Modulus of Magnesium
Alloys as a Function of Temperature and Metallurgical
Variables", The Dow Chemical Cn., (June 27, 1959)
4. "Aerospace Material Specifications", Society of
Automotive Engineers, Now York, N.Y.
AMS 4390D
AMS 4383
AMS 4363A
5. Department of Defense, ''Index of Specifications and
HM21A Standards", Part 1, Alphabetical Listing, and Part n,
<C: 0.125 lN SHEET Numerical Listing, (September 1964),
_TH_CONDITION Supplement<'<~ (March 31, 1965)

8
......... G. White, E. L. and Fink, F.W., "Corrosion Protection

~
of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys", DMIC
Memorandum 205, Battelle Memorial Institute,
(Juno 1, 1965)
4 7. llallowoll, J,B. and Ogden, li.R., "An Introduction
0 200 400 600 800
t.c Magnesium Alloys", DMIC Report 206, Battelle
TEMP-F Memcriallnstllute, (August 26, 1964)
FIG. 4. 014 SUGGESTED BEND FACTORS. 8. Tho Dow Chemical Co., "HM21A-T81 Magnesium Alloy
(10) ~beet and Plato", (Revised April 1, 1966)

9. The Dow Chemical Company, "Magnesium Relied Ringo",

(December 29, 1964)
10. The Dow Chemical Co., ''Magnesium In Aerospace
Design", Bulletin 141-213 (1963)
11. The Dow Chemical Co., "Joining Magnesium", (1961)
12. The Dow Chemical Co., "Forming Magnesium",
Part 2, Cleaning, Press Drawing, Rubber Forming,
(Revised 1962)
13. The Dow Chemt.cal Co., "Shop Guido for Elevated
Temperature Magnesium Alloys", Bulletin Number
141-204, (19GO)
14. Brooks and Perklns, Inc., "Light Meta!B Data",
(December 1962)
15. Alloy Digest, "Magnesium HM21A ", F1l1ng Code:
Mg-46, Magnesium Alloy, Engineering Alloys Digest
Inc. ' (April 1980)
16. Materials Engineering, Materials Selector lasue,
Vol 66, No 5, (Mid-october 1967)
REVISED SEPTEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AUTHOR: J. R. KATTUS

1. GENERAL 2.014 Thermal expansion.

This heat treatable magnesium alloy is produced In the 2. 0141 Mean coefficient of thermal expansion from 68 to 392F,
form of extrusions only. It Is used primarily In the T5 14.9 x 10-6 per F (5). Mg
condition (artificially aged), but is also sometimes used 2.015 Specific heat, Figure 2. 015.
in the F condition (as extruded). At temperatures above 2.016 Thenx:U diffus1Ylty, Figure 2.016.
3 Th
350F, it has the highest strength- both sbort-tlme and 1.5 Mn
long-time - of all magnesium extrusion alloys; at 2.02 Other Physical Properties
lower temperatures AZBOA-T5 and ZK60A-T5 are 2.021 Density, 0.0652 lb per Cl! in (7).
stronger. HM31A has good formablllty and excellent 2.022 Electrical properties, Tobie 2. 022.
weldablllty. Its primary uses are In aerospace and 2.023 Magnetic properties. Non-magnetic. HM31A
missile applications that require strength in the range 2.024 Emittance.
350 to SOOF. Its corrosion resistance Is similar t.O that 2.025 Damping capacity. At a stress equal to 0.1 Fty the
of other magnesium alloys, surface ~oatings being specific damping capacity of HM31A- F Is 5. 0, which Is
needed for long-time protection. a medium level compared with other magnesium alloys
(9).
1.01 Commercial Designation
HM31A 2.03 Chemical Properties
2.031 Corrosion resistance.
1.02 Alternate Designations 2.0311 Th" galvanic and general corrosion characteristics of
HM31XA (obsolete). HM31A are similar to those of AZ31B, Code 3601,
sections 2. 0311 and 2. 0312.
1.03 Specifications 2.0312 The resistance or HM31A to stress corrosion Is some-
AMS 4388 B ( F condl tlon) what superior to that of AZ31B, Code 3601, section
AMS 4389C (T5 conditio::.) 2.0313.
MIL-M-8916A 2.032 Safety precautions should be directed to the prevention
of fires, burns, and exploslons(see HZ32A, Code 3408,
1.04 Composition section 2.032).
Table 1.04.
2.04 Nuclear Properties
1.05 Heat Treatment 2.041 Thorium Is a radioactive metal. For comments en pre-
1.051 T5 condition: Artificially age as extruded (F condition) cautions required by this characteristic see HZ32A,
at 415 to 435F 16 hours, air cool (3). Code 3408, sections 2.041 and 2.042.
1.052 0 condition, full anneal: 850F, 1 hour In furnace atmo- 2.042 The high nuclear cross section caused by the manganese
sphere contaiaing o. 7 percent minimum so2 or 3 percent content of this alloy make it unsuitable for applications
minimum co2, air cool (3). where shielding Is not wanted.
1.053 Stress rellef after forming and after welding: 800 F,
1 hour In furnace atmosphet.:l containing 0. 7 per~ent
minimum so2 or 3 percent minimum C02, air cool (3). 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
1.06 Hardness 3.01 Specified Mcchanlcul Properties
T5 condition: 63 Brlnell hardness No. (4). Table 3.01.
1.07 Forms and Conditions Avallable 3.02 M~'Chanlcal Properties at Room Temperature
Produced only In the form of extrusions mostly in the T5 3.\121 Tension.
condition (artificially aged) and to a limited extent In the a.on1 Stress-strain diagrams (sec Figures 3.03111, 3.03112,
F condition (as extruded). Forms in regular production 3.03113).
arc rod, bar, solid shapes, structural shapes, and 3.02U' Tensile properties for TS and F conditions, Table 3. 02U
precision extrusions. Tubing and other hollow and semi- 3. 0213 Effect of exposures at elevated temperatures on tensile
hollow shapes can also be produced for special require- properties at room temperature, Figure 3.0213.
ments (5). 3.022 Comproseion.
3.0221 Stress-strain diagrams (see Figure 3.03211 and 3.0321~
1.08 Melting Md Casting Practice 3.0222 Compressive strength for T5 and F conditions, Table
(see AZ31B, Code 3601, section 1.(18) 3.0222.
3.0223 Effect of exposures at elevated temperatures on com-
1. 09 Special Considerations pressive yield strength at room tempcrat:lre, Figure
1.091 Exposures to temperatures through 600 F for periods of 3.0223.
1000 hours cause negligible change In short-time room 3.023 Impact (sec Figure 3. 0331).
Wld elevated temperature properties Wld cause very 3.024 Bending.
little drop In creep strength of HM31A-T5 (6). 3.025 Torsion and shear.
1.092 Considerable data obtained on this alloy in the T5 condi- 3. 0251 Shear strength of different section S.zes, Table 3.0251.
tion show that both room and elevated temperature 3.026 !>caring.
mechanical rroperties are sensitive to extrusion section 3. 0261 Bcnrlng properties of different section sizes, Table
size, strength decreasing with Increasing size. This 3.026L
characteristic has not been thoroughly studied and 3.027 Stzess concentration.
documented In the F condition. 3.0271 Not.~h properties.
3. 0272 Fr:u.ture toughness.
3.028 Combined properties.
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
3.03 Meehan!!!. Properties at Various Temperatures
2.01 Thermal Properties 3.031 Tanslo.'l.
2.011 Melting range, 1121-1202F (7). 3. 0311 Stress- strain diagrams.
2.012 Phase changes. In the as cast condition an Wlidentlfied 3.03111 Stress- strain curves at room and clevat<d temperatures
compound forms a network at tho grain boundaries. for cxtl;uslous lh TS condition, Figure 3.03111.
Mechwlical working causes the network to break up, and 3.03112 Strcssstraln curves at room and elevated tempernturea
high temperature treatment causes It to coalesce, but for extrusions in F condition, Figure 3. 03112.
there Is no metallographic evidence of solution and pro- 3.03113 Comp'letc stress-strain curves at low temperatures for
clpltstion due to thermal treatments (3). extrusions In F condition, Figure 3. 03113.
2.0121 Time-temperature-transformation diagrams. 3.0312 Eff&:ts of temperature on tensile properties, Figure
2.013 Thermal conductivity, Figure 2.013. 3.0:Jl2.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED SEPTEMBER 1971

.0313 Elevated temperature tensile properties at vl!rlous straln 4.03 Welding '........_.,/'
rates, Figure 3.0313. 4.031 HM31A has excellent weldability by arc and electric-
Mg Compression. resistance methods. For arc veldlng EZ33A magnesium
3.032
3 Th 3.0321 stress- straln diagrams. alloy ffiler metal Is generally used except when joining
3. 03211 Stress-strllin curves In compression at room and ele- to IW alum!nwu containing magueslum alloy, In which
1.5 Mn vated temperatures Cor extrusions in T5 condition, Instances AZ92A or AZ61A are suitable filler alloys.
Figure 3. 03211. stress relief In accordance with section 1. 053 Is recom-
3. 03212 stress-strsln curves In compression at room and ele- mended after welding. For further details see AZ31B,
vated temperatures Cor extrusions in F condition, Code 3601, section 4.031(5)(17).
HM31A Figure a. 03212. 4.032 Effect or temperature on tensile properties or extrusions,
3.0322 Elevated temperature compressive yield strength or both unwelded and with transverse butt welds made by
extrusions, Figure 3. 0322. Inert-gas-shielded tungsten-arc process, Figure 4. 032.
3.033 Impact.
3.0331 ChllrJ)y V-notcb Impact properties at low temperatures, 4.04 Surl'ace Treatment
Figure 3. 0331. 4.041 The extrusions are normally oiled by the producer with n
3.034 Bending. light corrosion Inhibiting oil Cor protection during ship-
3.035 Torsion and shear. ment and storage (1)(2).
3. 0351 Effect o[ temperature on single-shear strength, Figure 4.042 For a discussion of the various surface treatments that
3.0351. can be applied Cor corrosion protection, see HZ32A,
3.036 Bearing. Code 3408, sections 4.042 and 4.043.
3.0361 Effect of test temperature on bearing properties, Figure
3.0361.
3.037 Stress concentration.
3.0371 Notch prope~tles.
Alloy
-
'~":I.BLE 1 04
liM31A
3.0372 Fracture toughness.
Combined properties. Source (1)(2)
3.038
Percent -
Creep and Creep Rupture Properties Element Minimum Maxlm~m
3.04
Short-time isochronous stress-stra.ln curves for extru- Thorium 2.5 3.5
3.041
sions In T5 condition n!ter rapid heating to test temp- Manganese
Impurities, each
1.2
-
-
0.1
eratures of 500, 600, 700, and SOOF, Figure 3.041.
3.042 IsO()hrnnous stress-strain curves for extrusions in F Impurities, total - 0.3
condition after 3 hours exposure at test temperatures o[ Magnesium Balance
500, 600, 700, and BOOFprlor to loading, Figure 3.042.
3.043 Isochronous stress-strain curves for extrusions in F
Condition after 3 hours exposure at test temperatures or
300 and 400F prior to loading, Figure 3.043.
3.044 Short-Umc isochronous stress-strain curves for ex- &:'
truded tubing In F condition after 5 seconds exposure at
test temperatures or 500, 600, 700 and SOOt' prior to
~
"' 80f-o
loading, Figure 3. 044.
3.045 Effect or temperature on 100 hour creep strenb'ih Cor ~
I>:
various extenshms, Figure 3.045. l<l

3.05 Fatigue Properties

"'
f-o7or------r----~~~~-t------+-----_,

3.051 Rotating beam raUgue properties, Figure 3.051, ""

~
3.06 Elastic Properties ~60~~--~------~----~------~--~~
3.061 Poisson's ratio, 0.35 (4)(5). 0 400 GOO BOO 1000
~.062 Modulus or elasticity. TEMPERATURE- F
3. 0621 Effect o[ temperature on modulus or elasticity. Figure
3.0621. FIG. 2.013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY. (5)(7)
3.0622 Compressive tangent modulus curves at room and ele-
vated temperatures, Figure 3.0622.
3. 0623 Compressive secant modulus curves at room and ele-
vated temperatures, ~'lgure 3.0623.
3.063 Moo.lulus or rigidity, 2. 4 x 103 ksl (4).
0.36
4. FABRICATION IIM31A

4.01 FormabUIIY ~
011 HM31A can be formed by any o[ the processes commonly 0.32
applied to extruded shapes. At room temperature the
formability Is limited, the minimum bend radius being
about seven times tho thickness. At tho maximum rec-
(;;'
d! /
ommended Ccirmlng temperature or 800 F (1 hour maxi-
mum time at temper11ture), the Cormab!Uty Is good, the
minimum bend radius being 2. 5 Urnes the thickness.
Stress roller In accordance with section 1. 053 Is recom-
:::. 0. 28
It:
lol
p.
:::> y ~
~
v
mended after severe forming operations (5)(13)(14). Iii 0. 24
4.02 Machining and Grinding
4.021 Tbls alloy, like other magnesium alloys, has exception
ally good macblnabUity, which enables It to be machined 0.20
at high speeds and Coeds. For further details, sec 0 200 400 600 BOO 1000
IIZ32A, Code 3408, sections 4.021 and 4.022. TEMPERATURE- F
4.022 The alloy can be chem-mUied with sulfuric, nitric, or
hydrochloric acid or 5 percent strength or greater (15). FIG. 2.015 SPECIFIC HEAT. (5)
 MgW
REVISED SEPTEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

t..J
2.4 M
3 Tt
=2.3r-----~~----+------+~~--;-----~ HM31A I 1.5 Mr
= 50 EXTRUSIONS
=
1:.:1
ll.
T5 CONDITION .l
GOOF EXPOSURE
.l HM31A
~2.2r---~r---_, _____,____ t'--....
go
_,~---;

40 ._____ 70JF

~----- r---.
FTU
~OOF
200 400 GOO 800 1000 30 900F -..
TEMPERATU RE- F
40
FIG. 2.01G THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY . (5)(7) GOOF
~
!il
30 .......__ I
700F

::.: I-- FTY

20
1--- ....._ 800F
._
TABLE 2 022 )..... 900F
""""--t
Alloy HM31A
Source (5)(7!_ 10 20

-
Electrical Conductivity Electrical Resistivity 900f 800F
percent lACS meiODhos per Ina
Condition F T5 F T5
microhm -in
F T5
700F
Temp-F
68 2G.2 30.4 0.384 0.44G 2.GO 2.24 GOOF
100 24.7 28.8 0.363 0.424 2.7G 2.3G e(2 IN)
200
300
400
21.8
19.G
17.8
24.7
21.5
19.3
0.321
0.289
0.2G2
0.3G4
0.31G
0.285
3.12
3.4G
3.82
2.75
3.1G
3.50 0 20
I
40 GO
I
80 100
0
500 1G.3 17.G 0.240 0.259 4.17 3.8G EXPOSURE TIME - HOURS

FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF EXPOSURES AT ELEVATED

TEMPERATUR ES ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
AT ROOM TEMPERATU RE. (5)

TABLE 3 01
Alloy HM31A
Form Extrusions
Size 4 square Inches, mwdmum cross section
Ftu- ksl Fty- ksi e(2in) Fey- ksl
Condition Source min min min min
T5 (2) 37.0 2G.O 4 19.0
F (1) 37.0 2G.O 4
Compression specimens oriented In longltudlnnl direction.
-
Orientation or tensile specimens not specified.

TABLE3 0222
Alloy HM31A
Form Extrusions
Cross section
Condition sq In Source ::.~y
T5 1.000 max (5) 27
T5 1. OOU-3. 999 (5) 23
TABLE 3 0212 F 4.000 max (10) 27
Alloy HM31A
Form Extrusions
Size 4 square inches, maximum cross section
Condition Source I
Ftu- ksl 1 Fty - ksi 1e(2 in)
T5
F
(5)
(10) I 44
42 J ~9
3S I
10
10
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED SEPTEMBER 1971

50r------r----~~----~----~------~--
-,
Mg HM31A j_ HM31A
EXTRUSIONS EXTRUSIONS
3 Th 30
T5 CONDITION T5 CONDITION 70F
1.5 Mn GOOF EXPOS RE
~
700F
26
.}.
HM31A

22
~ 800F
........
~

~
liJ
~ FCY
18

~
14 ~ UP TO 4.0 SQ IN CROSS SECTION
LONGITUDINAL

~ 900F 0.2 0.4 0.6

STRAIN - PERCENT
0.8 1.0

10 FIG. 3.03111 STRES8-STR AIN CURVES AT ROOM AND ELEVATED

0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPI::RAT URES FOR EXTRUSIONS IN T5 CONDITION.
EXPOSURE TIME- HOURS
(5)
FIG. 3.0223 EFFECT OF EXPOSuRES AT ELEVATED
TEMPERAT URES ON COMPRESSI VE YIELD
STRENGTH AT ROOM TEMPERAT URE. (5)

TABLE 3.0251
Alloy_ HM3lA
CondlUon T5
Form Extrusions
Sourc<J (5)
Cross secUon, sq in Fsu- ksi
1.000 maximum 27
1.000-3.999 22

HM31A
EXTRUSIONS
F CONDITION
40 UP TO 4.0 SQ IN CROSS SECTION LONGITUDINAL

, _ _ __,75F

TABLE 3 0261
Alloy HM31A
Co'!'i!_Uon T5
Form Extrusions
Source (5)
Cross seoUon, sq In Fbru- ksi fbry- ksi
1. 000 maximum 68 48
1.00-3.999 58 42 --+---t--~~-~BOOF
e/D= 2.5 900F
0.2 0.4 O.G 0.8 1.0
STRAIN - PERCENT

FIG. 3.03112 STRES8-STR AIN CURVES AT ROOM AND ELE-

VATED TEMPERAT URES FOR EXTRUSIONS IN
F CONDITION. (6)
 ... ''.::t
r:
1 REVISED SEPTEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
'

HM31A
70
"f\~ _I EXTRUSIONS -

60 ..., - T5 CONDITION
- k - F CONDITION

~ I'.
~
FTU
HM31A
50

.. ~ ---~"'
40
FTY
M ~
~~
~

30

20
~~
~
70
-424F/ HM31A I
EXTRUSIONS - 10
~
~
F CONDITION
~~60
-323F
60
}
/; v---109F 40

~J
""
~
50
v e(21N)

/ lrr
0
=
f.:!

-
20 p.
l - SOF
40
1--r--:- !::::;?
v~
~~--.__

0
~ -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800
30 TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0312 EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES.

(5)(11)(18)(19)
20

LONGITUDINAL

10
40

0
0 5 10 15 20
STRAIN- PERCF;NT

FIG. 3.03113 COMPLETE STREBS-STRAlN CURVES ~

AT LOW TEMPERATURES FOR EX- 30 1---~~'-:--+__:~~l---4--120 ~
TRUSIONS IN F CONDITION. (11)
"'
~20b---~-----4~~~+-~~~-4
:.:
I
><
rt 10

200 400 600

TEMPERATURE- F

FIG 3.0313 ELEVATED TEMPERATURE TENSILE

PROPERTIES AT VARIOUS STRAIN
RATES. (5)
MgWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED SEPTEMBER 1971

,I

30 '-

GJJ
HM31A
EXTRUSIONS
Th T5 CONDITION
25
.

400F
20 500
HM31A
GOOF

15
70&F
U:i
~

10

800F 800F

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 O.G 0.8

STRAIN- PEl!CENT

FIG. 3.03211 STRESS. STRAIN CURVES IN COMFJI.ESSION AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMP-
El!ATURES FOR EXTRUSIONS IN TS CONDITION. (5)

30r-----~------~----~------,
Hld31A
EXTRUSIONS
FCONDmON 75F ...........

-
LONGITUDINAL 30
11~1:31A I
UP TO 4.0 !Q IN CROSS
SECT ON ... EXTRUSIONS

25
-r---...
-- e T5 CONDITION -

~~
A F CONDITION

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

STRAIN - PERCENT 20
'-
FIG. 3,03212 STRESS.STRAIN CURVES IN COMPRES. fil
SION AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMP.. :.:
ERATURES FOR EXTRUSIONS IN F 15
Fcv
~
~
CONDITION. (6)

~
10

~
5
~ 100 200 300 400 500 GOO 700 BOO
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0322 ELEVATED TEMPERATURE COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH OF

EXTRUSIONS. (5)(6)
 MgWI
~::; VISED SEPTEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

HMJ1A J
5 EXTRUSIONS
:Mg
3 .,.h
1---~
FCONmUON
1
1.5 Mn

IE CHrPY V
HM31A
3
-4oo -3oo -zoo -too 0 100
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0331 CHARPY V-NOTCH IMPACT PROPERTIES

AT LOW TEMPERATURES. (ll)

OL-----~----~-----~----~~
0 200 ~00 600 800
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON 5 SEC IIM31A I

20 r-t-:;;--l::::::=~~~~t-----+----+------1- EXTRUSIONS -
SINGLE SIIEAR STRENGTH. (6)
I / 1 M1N J i
T5 CONDITION !
V ./ 15MIN

16 ,=-;;15;-"'5MlNMl~C~1~MIN~-+--I~~.-9:;:;::::;=:=1==5=S::E::C=t1 MIN-
f-ih''_,C."'3~~-;:;~-....:=:h=='f=
~~.~f.l/' 5 SEC _ ISM~
} 500F .-1--iMIN F='"..;_...==
'" ~---r--1sM1N
I
v
1
12~fH~4-----~-----+----~~~~+-----4---~~~----~

If I I GOOF

s~rj-t--rrr
1 -+----!- ~-
4 0.100
H---l-
-
o.1oo

___L
AREA= 0.390 SQ IN
I
-I-
+ Al!EA
o.so=r==ri'Il.I3s
Il--2.40--l. -
=1.84 SQ IN I
SHAPE A SJIAPi B
!il
~301-----~----~~~--~----~

~IGI-----~-----t------r-----;------r -----'SHAPE~----
LSEC ---SJIAPE B

12 t- 1_~~~~~~~;;~;;~~~1~M~m~~-~--~-----f------~----~
~~-- '--_2 t-15 MIN / --l------, 5 SEC
400 600 800 rt/- ~~ lMIN
8rifTC--+------r-----+-----1~7~~~~Ec--+----~-----4
200
TEMPERATURE- F
y/ 15M~
FIG. 3.0361 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON
BEARING PROPERTIES. (6) V 700F II
II ......-:::::: t::::='----- 11 MIN
V/' ---r---lSMIN -

1~/ 8(F I
oL--~~-~----~----~----~-----L----~----~
0 0.8 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 1.6 2.4
STRAIN - PERCENT

~1G. 3.041 SHORT-TIME ISOCHRONOUS STRES5-STRA1N CURVES FOR EXTRUSIONS

IN T5 CONDmON AFTER RAPID II EATING TO TEST TEMPERATURES OF
500, 600, 700, AND 800F. (5)
 r--. \...

l~- 5
Mg 15 SEC HM31A
20 EXTRUSIONS -
1JV.IN I

~
Th 30 MIN F CONDITION
2HR
Mn 5 HR
16 !0 ;r~-

HM31A
12
[Y j'
~
b:====
~
~
-
1 MIN
10 MIN
30 MIN

~
1--
1--: - 2 HR
5 HR

~
5rF i-- 10 HR
8
rr;
SOLID SHAlES UP TO
~: 0 SQ IN CROSS SECTION
67F
4 --'
I I

~ 12 I
Vl5 SEC
-lMIN

8 ~ -;:::::::::- 5 MIN
15Mm
800F

~-
~ 1 HR
2 HR
5HR 15 SEC
4
10HR I ..,.-
~~-
~
~
30 MIN
rOF 1 HR
5 HR
0
0 0.8 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 1.6 2.4
STRAIN- PERCENT

;;'!G. 3.042 ISOCHRONOUS STRES5-STRA1N CURVES FOR EXTRUSIONS IN F CONDITION

AITER 3 HOURI EXPOSURE AT TEST TEMPERATURES OF 500, 600, 700,
AND 800 F PRIOR TO LOADING. (6)

HM31A I
24 EXTRUSIONS
15 SEC F CONDITIO N-
1 r.n:;
r~ 10 HR 15 SEC
20
v ~
/
1MIN-
10 HR

16

3rF 400F
I
8

SOLID SHAPJS UP TO 4.0 SQ

IN CROSS SECTION
4

0
0 0.8 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 l.G 2.4
STRAIN - PERCENT

FIG. 3.043 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS.STRA IN CURVES FOR EXTRUSIONS IN F CONDITION

A ITER 3 HOURS EXPOSURE AT TEST TEMPERATURES OF 300 AND 400F
PRIOR TO LOADING. (6)

CODE 35051
C 1971_ 'RAlfntl,. Rhdan y,.,,..
 REVISED SEPTEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

HM31AI
EXTRUSIONS M~
20 F CONDiriON-
5 SEC Tt
p- 10 SEC
\_5 SEC 110 1SEC 1.5 Mr
16 ...-::
--

::2::';.: ""'~
-30 SEC

12 ~
r;
MIN

5JOF JooF
8
I
TUBING 10 IN OD x 0.315
IN WALL
4

0
!iJ
:.:12
5 SEC
~~OSEC
8 ~ ~2MIN
800F

~
1-----10 MiN

4
I
700F
5 SEC

~~EC
10 SEC

0 I r~.:.-
0 0.8 1.6 2.4 0 0.8 1.6 2.4
STRAIN- PERCENT

FIG. 3.044 SHORT-TIME ISOCHRONOUS STRES5-STRAIN CURVES FOR EXTRUDED

TUBING IN F CONDITION AFTER 6 SECONDS EXPOSURE AT TEST
TEMPERATURES OF 500, 600, 700, AND 800F PRlOR TO LOADING. (6)

25
HM:h.\
EXTRUSIONS
F CONDITION
20 ~
....... ~

15 "" ~
....___ ""'\
~
10 ...........
"~
~
...........

5 ~

~
e 0.5 PERCENT TOTAL EXTENSION
A 0.2 PERCENT TOTAL EXTENSION
0.1 ~ERCENT CREEP EXTENSION
0 _l _l
200 300 400 500 600 700
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.045 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON 100 HOUR CREEP

STRENGTH FOR VARlOUS EXTENSIONS. (6)
1v1gvv 1

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED SEPTEMBER 1971

30
HM31A
Mg EXTRUSIONS
3 Th F CONDITION
2n
1.5 Mn l
,.t, I
.
' t
. 15
HM31A

~10

6 ~--~.~MA~c=H=IN~E=D~AN~D~PO~L=ffi~H~E~D~-~LO~N~GI=T=u=D=IN=A~L~--------~~~~
A MACHINED AND POLffiHED- TRANSVERSE
MACHINED AND NOTCHED, Kt = 2, - LONGITUDINAL+ TRANSVERSE

4~--------~----
4 ------~--------~----------~~
10 105 10 6 10 7 10
8
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.051 ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE PROPERTIES. (6)

30
flM31A
EXTRUSIONS
T5 CONDITION
25

20

Fil
~

~ 15
101
1:
"' 10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
TANGENT l'viODULUS- 1000 KSI

FIG. 3.0622 COMPRESSIVE TANGENT MODULUS CURVES AT ROOM AND

ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. (5)

...r-- HM31A I
6 ---. t-
~
-
EXTRUSIONS

F CONDITION-

~
!iJ p.........__
......
~5
~5 CONDITION'-""
\,
100 200 300 400 500 GOO 700 800
TEMPERATttRE- F

FIG. 3.0621 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON MODULUS OF ELASTICITY. (5)(12)

 REVISED SEPTEMBER 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
:.'_
;,
~

Mg
EXTRUSIONS
T5 CONDITION 3 Th
50 1----+-~ --1----1--- EZ33A FILLER ALLOY
1.5 Mn

HM31A

~101-----~----+-----4-----~~~~~~~
~
--e-- BASE METAL
- ........ -WELD BEAD FLUSH
--.--WELD BEAD ON
0

REFERENCES

1. AMS 4388B, HM31A-F (May 1, 1968).

2. AMS 4389C, HM31A-T5 (May 1, 1968).
-200 0 200 400 600 800 3. "Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals
TEMPERATURE- F Handbook, Volume 2, 8th Edition (1964) pp. 292-237.
4. "Design It with Magnesium Mill Products," Form No.
FIG. 4.032 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES 141-233-70, Dow Chemical Oompnny, Midland, Michi-
OF EXTRUSIONS, BOTH UNWELDED AND WITH TRANs- gan (1970).
VERSE BUTT WELDS MADE BY INERT-GAs-SHIELDED 5. "Magneaium In Design," Form No. 141-213-67, D>w
'i'UNGSTEN-ARC PROCESS. (5)(6)(16) Chemical Company, Midland Michigan (1967).
G. "HM3lXA Magnesium Alloy Extrusions," Bulletin No.
141-199, Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan.
7. "Physical Properties o[ Magnesium and Magnesium
Alloys," Oodo 2.51, Dow Chemical Company, Mldl:md,
Michigan (1967).
8. Lcontis, T.E., "Propcrlles of Magnesium-Thorium and
Magnesium-Thorium-Cerium Alloys," Jr of Metal.;,
Volume 4, (1952) pp. 287-294.
9. Jensen, J. W., "Damping Cnpacity- Cause and ECCects,
Ught Metal Age, Volume 22 (December 1964) pp. 4-8.
10. "Shop Guide Cor Elcvaled Temperature Magnosiilln
Alloys," Bulletin No. 141-204, Dow Chemical Company,
Midland, Michigan (March 1959).
11. Hoed, R.P., Mlkosoll, R.P. and Greeson, R.L.,
"Some Mechanical Properlles or Magnesium Allays at
Low Temperature," ASTM STP 287, pp. 61-73 (1961).
!iJ 12. Fenn, R. W. Jr., "Young's Modulus of Magnesium
~
Alloys as a Function o[ Temperature nno Melnllurgical
~15~--4-----+--~~+---~~~~~~1-~ Variables," ASTM Proceeding, Volume 58, (1958)
pp. 826-837.
""~ 13. "Forming Magnesium, Parl1," Form No. 141-305-65,
Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan (1965).
14. "Forming Magne~lum, Part 3," Form No. 141-307-66,
Dow Chemical OJmpany, Midland, Michigan (1966).
15. "Design" Magnesium ElecLron Ltd., 1270 Avenue or the
Americas, Now York, New York 10020.
16. "Low Temperature Properties o( Various Magnesium
Alloys," Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan
(1958).
17. "Arc Welding Magneshnn," Form 141-300-67, Dow
0~----~----~--~~----~~~-L~~~ Chemical Company, Midland, Mlchlgan (1967).
1 3 4 5 7 18. Vorhees, H.R. and Freeman, J. W., "Elevated Temp-
SECANT MODULUS - 1000 KSI erature Properlles o( Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys\'
ASTM STP 291 (1960).
FIG. 3.0623 COMPRESSIVE SECANT-MODULUS CURVES AT ROOM 19. Hallowell, J.D. and Ogden, H. R., "An Introduction to
AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. (5) Magnesium Alloys," DMIC Report 206, (August 26, 196i.
 ...., .... '
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL 1. 05ll When stress relief Is necessary, ZK 60 A-F, 500 F, IS min

--- This heat"treatable magnesium alloy for room temperature and (P) ZK 60 S. 500 F, 60 min, (4, p.13), Mo
service contains zinc and zirconium as hardeners. It com- 1.052 Solution treat forgings. 930 F, 1 hr, hot water quench,
blnes good strength and ductility with low notch sensitivity. (6, p.4). 5.5 Zn
It Is available In the form of extrusions and forgings. Forg- 1.053 Condition T6 forgings. Solution treat+ age, 300 F, 24 hr,
Ings of this alloy have mechanical properties and forgnbillty (6, p.4). 0.5 Zr
superior to AZ 80 A. Extrusions also provide the best room 1.0531 Condition TS extrusions. Age, 265 to 285 F, 48 hr mini-
temperature properties of all magnesium alloys. These are mum, (1).
available In two varieties, the regular alloy ZK 60 A and a ZKGO
1.06 Hardenablllcy
slightly different composition (P) ZK 60 B. (P) ZK 60 B extru-
ded from pellets possesses high mechanical properties and
1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
highest compressive yield strength of all magnesium alloys
1.071 Extrusions are available In the full commercial range of
In heavy sections. Welding of these alloys Is not recom-
sizes In the F and TS Conditions. A new 1'51 Condition In
mended, (4, p.IXSXS. p. 95).
solid shapes, only, Is available with Its compressive yield
strength 10 to 17 percent higher than those for TS Condition,
1.01 Commercial Designations
(4,p.l).
ZK 60 A, ZK 60 B or (P) ZK 60 B.
1.072 (P) ZK 60 B Is a variation of the ZK 60 alloy group and Is ex-
truded from pelletized magnesium. These pellet extrusions
1.02 Alternate Designation
possess the highest compressive yield strength of all mag-
nesium alloys, (4, p.1).
1.03 Specifications. Table 1. 03.
1.073 Forgings are available In all commercial sizes In TS and T6
Conditions, and forging stock In the F Condition, (6, p. 1).
TABLE 1 03
AMS Form Mllltarv Federal ASTM 1. 08 Melting and Casting Practice, See AZ 31 B.
~352 A Extrusions MIL-M53SU - - 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
(TS Condition)
~362 Forgings
(TS Condition)
- - - 2.01 Thermal Properties
- Extrusions, bar,
rod and shapes up
2.011
2.012
Melting range. 960 to 1180 F, (4, p. 2),
Phase changes. Alloy Is o~~ubJect to precipitation.
to 5 sq In, F, TS 2.013 Thermal conductivity, Fig. 2. 013.

-
Condition
Extrusions, tubing,
- QQ-M-31a B 107-56T 2.014 Mean coefJ~clent of linear thermal expansion at RT to 200 F,
14.5 x 10 In per In per F, (4, p. 2).
F, TS Condition - WWT82Sa B 217-56T 2.0I~
2.0I6
Specific heat at room temperature, 0.25 Btu per lb F,(4,p.2).
Latent heat of fusion, 76 cal per gr, 137 Btu per lb, (4, p. 2).
2.017 Effect of test temperature on emissivity of magneslwn alloys,
1.04 Composition. Table 1. 04. Fig. 2.017.

2.02 Other Physical Properties

TABLE I 04 2.021 Density. 0. 066 1b per cu ln. 1. 83 gr per cu em, (3, p. 1108).
AMS I AMS 2 Dow{oj~~ 2.022 Electrical resistivity; Fig. 2. 022.
2.023 Magnetic properties, Nonmagnetic,
IAnov ZK 60A ZK60 A (P) Zl' 60 B
IFr>rm Extrustons Forgings Ex trW.~
P( <Cent Percent Percent 2.03 Chemical Properties
Malt 2.031 Corrosion resistance
Min Max Min Max Min
4.8 6.8 2.03ll Marine or atmospheric corrosion rates for this alloy are
Zinc 4.8 6.2 4.8 6.2
Zirconium 0.4! -
0.4 -
0.4! - somewhat higher than those for the other magnesium ex-
ManJ!Bnese
Other Impurities
- 0.15 - - - - trusion alloys. The use of this alloy without protective finish
Is not recommended, (4, p.13).
each
total
-- 0.0
0.2(
-- 0.30 -
- -- I 0.30 2.0312 This alloy Is not normally susceptible to stress corrosion
unless subjected to continuously applied stresses or to high
Balance Balance residual stresses, (4, p.13).
Magnesium Balance
2,032 Oxidation resistance, See AZ 31 B.

2.04 Nuclear Properties

1.05 Heat Treatment
1.051 These alloys normally do not require stress relieving alter 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
forging or welding, (5).
3, 01 ~!fled Mechanical Properties
3. 011 AMS and producer's specUied m<.'Chanlcal properties,
Table 3. Olla and b.
TABLE 3 011 (a)
Source Dow (4, p. 3, 5) I AMS I
Alloy ZK60A
Form Extruded
Bar, rod and shapes Tubing, hollow shapes Tubing Bar, rod and shapes
ICondltlon F TS
!:SIZe <2,WU .WJ to I,UIJU to uou to Wall thick o. 028 tc
1
Wall thick 0.094:1<2.000 ~.000 to ~.000 to
.999 .999 9.999 0.230 In (aXb) 1.188 In, 00 ~.999 ~999
sq In sq In sq In sq In mcx 00 3. 000 In 3. 001 to 8. 500 In ~ sq In sq In aq In

Ftu' mlnksl 43 43 43 0 43 40 46 44 45 45 45
F mlnksl 31 31 31 31 28 38 33 36 36 36
Fty mlnksl 27 26 25 20 20 26 21 30 28 2S
cy'
e(21n), min-percent
-
5
-
5
-
5
-
4
-
5 4
- -
4
27(c)
4 l
:!5. 2(c)
4
22.S(c)
4
(a) AMS specifies nominal cross sectional area up to 5, 000 sq ln.
(b) Dow specifies wall thickness 0. 028 to 0. 250 In Inclusive with 3. 00 In maximum 00.
(c) AMS specifies for web sections or structural shapes having width to thickness ratio or 20 to I or gTeater.

CODE 3506.
PAGE
MgW I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVIS EDMA RCH 1963

Mg TABLE 3 Oil (b)

Source Dow (4.o.3\
Alfov Dow ( 4. D. 3.1;\ AMS 2
5.5 Zn Ponn
ZK60A (!') ZK 60 B _.z!60
Extruded Die forgings,
0.5 Zr bar, rod and shapes forging stoclc
Hand forgings

:C'.nnrlltin n
ZKGO TSl As extruded
.000 to 2.000 to !1000 to
Size <1.000 .999 ~.999 4.999 t < 2.999 In

p mln-ksl
sqln
48
sq In
48
sq In
47
sq In
47
< 20.0 sq In - t < 61o

~
45 42 38
mlo-ksl 38 37 36 36 35 26
ldm), mlo-ksl
mlo-llerc ent
35
5
33
5
31
5
27.5
5
35
4
-
7 (40)
20
-
7 (40\

3. 02 Mechanical Propertie s at Room Tempera ture

3, 021 Typical mechanic al propertie s, Tallie 3. 021a and b.

Source TABLE 3.02J...Il!l

(4, p.4,5)
Allov 1!8.!1.1731
Ponn ZK60A
Extruded bar, rod and shapes
Tubing , hollow shapes ForgingS
Condition p
TS TSl F TS
Size 2.00 2.000 3.000 js. 000 to 39. 999 T5
<2.000 2.000 to 3.000 to <1.000 Wall thick 0. 028 to
to to sq In 2.999 4.999
sq In 2.999 4.999 o. 750 In
q In sq In L LT ST L IL we: i.. t.. Wei L Wc:b L maximum 00 3 In L
-- !-
--
Pru - ksi 49 49 49 48 42 42 53 52 51 54
pty
Fey
- ksl
- ksl
40
32
37
28
37
27
37
24
21
22
19 44
20 311 34
43
31
I-
28
41
29 27
45
38
47
35
2S
50
40
49
38
- ksl 31 28
P.,u
pbru - ksl
26 to 27 26 to 27 - - - -
Pin 3/16 In
Pin 1/2 In
80
70
85
75
-
- -- -- -
(e/0= 2.0) -
Fb'lu, - ksi
3/16 In

--
55

-- -- --
60
Pin l/21n 50 55
(e/0= 2.0)
e(2 In) - percent
Hardness
12 I 14 I 14 I 14 I 16 120 ul - I 12 I - I 141 - 11 13 11 13
BHN typ
( ') Lo11,1t T and Short T
75 82 - 75 82 -
3.03 Mechanical Propertie s at Various Tempera tures
TABLB3 .021 (b) 3.031 Short time tension propertie s
'Source (4 p,4 5) (6 Tbl. m 3.0311 Stress straLt curves at room and low temperat ures o( ZK
Allov (P) ZK 60 B
60A
ZK60A extrusion s In TS Condition, Pig. 3. 0311.
Form Bar rod and shapes ForJrl!gs 3.0312 Effect of test temperat ure on tensile propertie s o( ZK 60
Condltlnn As extruded A
1 y, extrusion s In 15 Co.-.dltlon, Pig. 3. 0312.
Size < 20.000sq In 3.0313 Effect o( exposure and test temperat ure on tensile proper-
L L, Wc:b T, Wc:b ~I Tan Axial Tan ties or ZK 60 A extrusion s In T5 Condition, Pig. 3. 0.313.
Fru - ksl 49 3.0314 Effect of test temperat ure and strain rate on tensile proper-
48 46 41 45 44 50
Fry - lest 38 36 ties oC ZK 60 A extrusion s In F Conditio n, Fig. 3.0314.
34 24 31 32 41 3.0315 Effect or test temperat ure and strain rotc on tensile proper-
- -- --
Fey - ksl 40 35 35 - - tics o( ZK 60 A extrusion s In TS Condition, Fig. 3, 0315.
Fsu
Fbru
- ksl
- leal
26 to 27
- 3.0316 Effect or test temperat ure and strain rate on tensile proper-
Pin 3/16 In 90
ties oC (P) ZK 60 B, Fig. 3,0316.
Pin 1/2 In 3.032 S!Jort time propertie s other than tension
80
(e/0 a 2.0 3.0321 Effect or test temperat ure on compres sive yield strength
55 61 61 69 o(
Fbty - ksl ZK 60 A extrusion s In TS Condition, Fig. 3. 0321.
Pin 3/16 In 3.0322 Effect or low temperat ure on lmpoct strength or smooth and
70
Pin l/21n 65 notc:hed ZK 60 A extruded bar In F and TS Condition s,
(e/0 2.0 Fig. 3.0322.
42 41 44 49
e (2 ln)-perce nt 17 I 14 I 14 19 16 14 9
3.033
3.0331
Static stress concentra tion effects
Effect o( test temperat ure on notc:hed tensile strength oC
All tests on rim section o( 33 In dla forged wheel
ZK 60 A extrusion s In TS Condition at room and low temper-
3.022 Room temperat ure stress strain curves In tension for ZK atures, Fig. 3, 0331,
60 A
and (P) ZK 60 B extrusion s, Fig. 3. 022.
3.04 Creep and Creep RuJl!ure Propertie s
3.023 Room temperat ure stress strnln curves In compress ion for
ji.041 Total strain curves at 95,200 and 300 F for ZK 60 A ex-
ZK 60 A and (P) ZK 60 B extrusion s, Pig. 3. 023.
3.024 Effect of exposure to elevated tempernt ures on room temper- trusions In TS Condition, Fig. 3.041.
ature tensile propertie s of ZK 60 A extrusion s In TS Co:ldl-
3.05 Fatlp Propertie s
tion, Fig. 3. 024.
3.051 S-N scatter bands for smooth and notc:hed ZK 60 A and
(P) ZK 60 B enrusion s, Pig. 3. 051.

CODE .35()6
PAGE 2
 MgWT
REVI.S!'DMARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.06 Elastic Pro!'C!,tles Mg-5. 5Zn-O. 5Zr Mg

3.061 ModuluS a$ elasticity at room and low temp.;!ratures ror 76 !J'XTRUDI>D
ZK 60 A extrusions In T5 Condition, Fig. 3. 0~1. --ZK 60 A - TS (7) 5.5 Zn
e ZK 60 A - F}<.f)
3.062
3.063
3.064
Modulus of rigidity, 21 400 ksi,(3,p.U08).
Poisson's ratio.0.35, (3,p.U08).
Tangent modulus curves In compression for ZK 60 A ex-
.A (P) ZK 60 8
/ 0.5 Zr
trusions In F and T5 Conditions, Fig. 3. 064.
/
4. FABRICATION .. /
ZK60

-/
4.01 Forming and Cast!!&, See AZ 31 B also.
4.011 Extrusions In F and T5 Ccmdltions are formed at 550 F and
400 F respectively with maxlmwn time at temperatures being
limited to 30 minutes to mslntaln maximwn properties, (4, p.l3).
4.012 Forging. Starting temperature 650 to 750 F, finishing temper-
THER1\.1AL CONDUcnvn'v
ature 500 F mlnlmwn. This alloy Is the most desirable mag-
(CALCULATED FROM
neslwn alloy lor use as forgings, both because of the ease of
ELECTRICAL RESI.STIVIT'I')
forging and or the resulting good properties. Dies should be
heated. Like with most other magaeslwn forging alloys, over-
heating must be avoided as grain coarsening may cause crack-
Ing dUring forging. It Is also recommended for several op-
68

erations to reduce the starting temperature by 50 F mlnimwn
at each reheating and to perform a reduction of 20 percent 66
mlnimwn In llnlsh forging In order to insure a fine grained 0 100 200 300 500
TEMP- F
structure, (9, p.104-109).
4.013 Bending. Suggested bend factors for extrusions, Table 4. 013. FIG. 2.013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVI1Y
(4, p. 2X7, Tbl. V)
TABLE 4.013
lSou.rce_ IR. n. 214\ 14.o.i3\
Allov ZK60A l!l'lZKC>IJB
Form Extrusions
Condition F TS F As extruded
Test specimen
Thickness-In 0.090 sheet 0.090 sheet tubing
RTBend radii 12 t 12 t 5d 8t
(typical)
Suggested bend 2t 6.6 t - 2tat400F
radii limits !hr at 550 F !hrat400F - 4 tat 300 I'
(typical)

4.02 Macblnlng. See AZ 31 B.

4.03 Welding
4.031 Production welding of this alloy Is not recommended due to
dllficulty In obtaining crack free welds. ZK 60 A welding
rod produces highest strength while AZ 92 A rod results In
a slight loss In strength with less cracking. (4, p.13).
4,032 Weldments of this allov can be stress relieved to remove
residual stresses il d~slred, (4, p.13).

0.20
SURFAck C~ON Mg-5.5Zn-D.5Zr
4.04 Heating and Heat Treating
4.041 Stress relief alter arc-welding or forming, Table 4.041. CLEAN
AS RECEIVED
AND SMOOnt

0.18
POL!SHED
~

~ 0.16
-~v
/ /
4.042 Solution heat treating(but not aging or stress relieving) ~0.14 /__
/
L""
should be done In sulphur-dioxide or 0. 006 percent boron
trlfiuorlde atmosphere, (6, p. 2).
/
v
--
4.05 Surface Treating. See AZ 31 B. 0.1 2
~
0.1 0
-400 -200 0 200 400 600
TEMP- F
FIG. 2. 017 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON EMISSIVTIY
OF MAGNESIUM ALLOYS (13,App.A)

CODE 3506
MgWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

60 l j
Mg-5. szn-o.5 r MgS.SZa-D.SZr \_.
Mg
Zn
5
EXTRUDED
ZK60ATS - BxTRUSION
-TYPICAL
5.5 ---MINIMUM -
50
0.5 Zr ~
~4
ZKGO 5 ~ 40
7
B

~
AT51
"'u
--- ---
h
ATSI,
:Sa B
............. AT5
.... .~ !!1 30
1{-1;_ - - - ATS
20 AF
100 200 300
TEMP- F
400 SOD
20
Jv - - --- AF

/'
FIG, 2.022 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY
(7, 1bl. IV) CONDITION SECTION ARBA
SQIN

v
ZK 60 AF 5-40
10 ZK 60AT5
ZK 60 A-TSI
2-3-
<
1
(P)r60B
1
<i
0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016 0.020
STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG. 3,023 ROOM TEMPERATURE STRESS STRAIN CURVES
IN COMPRESSION FOR ZK 60 A AND (P) ZK 60 B
EXTRUSIONS (4)

Mg-5.5Za-0.5Zr
EXTRUSION
60

so

40
35~----~----+-~~~~~
~ EXPOSURE
e 1/2 HR
30 0 100 HR
JO .A.IOOOHR
~10,000 HR
20

CONDITION SECTION
AREA SQ IN
1--1--+----1-- ZK bO A F < 240
ZK60ATS < 25
ZK 60 ATSI <I I00!---:::200::!:---..,400::-;!---.,.600:b,----::800,!,
(P) ZK 60 B <20
TEMP F
0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016 FIG. 3.024 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVAT
STRAIN IN PER IN ED TEMPERATURES ON ROOM TEM
FIG. 3.022 ROOM TEMPERATURE STRESS STRAIN CURVES PERA11JRE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
IN TENSION FOR ZK 60 A AND (P) ZK 60 B EX- ZK ,0 A EXTRUSIONS IN T5 CONDI110N
TRllSI0\.;5 (4) (10)
 MgWT
REVISED-MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

100 ~----~~---5-.~5~Zn-~~.5~Z-r""'
Mg-S.SZn~.SZr Mg
K 60 A EXTRUSION ZK 60 A EXTRUSION
TSCOND TS COND 5.5 Zn

-
80 1---+----+----1 60 0.5 Zr

~
-4~3 F ~
I ZKGO
60
r
- 40
~~ 20

~
~ ~
~
,......___
J 20 0

~
EXPaiURE 1000 HR
e TESTEDATRT
4 TESTED AT EXP TEMP .......... _.....
0
.004 .008
STRAIN - IN PER IN
.012
v
v
80
FIG. 3.0311 STRESS STRAIN CURVES AT
ROOM AND LOW TEMPERA ~
tll
~l
TURES OF ZK 60 A EXTRU-
SIONS IN T5 CONDITION
a:
~40
/
(II, p.42)

0 0
v
100
I-'

200
e

300 400 500

EXPaiURE TEMP- F

FIG. 3. 0313 EFFECT OF EXPaiURE AND TEsT TEMPER

ATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ZK 60 A
EXTRUSIONS INTS CONDmON (4,p. 7, 8)

M r---r---~--~--------~---,
Mg-5. SZn-0. SZr
ZK 60 A EXTRUSION r--~r----;r-~~~~~~60
TSCOND 200 MgS.SZn~.SZr
ZK 60 A EXTRUSION
60 1-----r+-----~dO:::::-+-- e (II) ---t--t F COND
.... (4)
~--~r--+--~r---+-~40~

~40 1---+---4----+.~~~-~-~H
)(

120
~
~ ~~~~-r-----r--t~
J
"'
tll
""
- 40 t-~;o.....:r--
!.2

~~,i:20 1----+--'lr-.M"-::---t---t --t

TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 0314 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND
FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
PROPERTIES OF ZK 60 A EXTRUSIONS IN T5 CON- OF ZK 60 A EXTRUSION IN F CONOmON
omaN (4, p. 7, 8) (II, p. 18) (12 11>1. DI)

I CODE 350S
Mg#/T
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

Mg
40
Mg-5. 5Zn-O. 5Zr __ /
.\. I

.... ~ 60 A EXTRUSIOI
5.5 Zn
0.5 Zr 40 j"
30 r-........ :rs COND

~
c
ZK60 ~
60 20 iil 20
'
"' "'
:.:

10
~
40 0

~.
;20 00 100 200 4KI 500
300
TEMP-F

FIG. 3.0321 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON COM-

PRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH OF ZK 60 A EX
TRUSIONS IN T5 CONDmON (4, p. 7)

FIG. 3. 0315 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND

STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF ZK 60 A EXTRUSION IN T5 CONDmON
(12, Thl.m)

60 60
Mg-5. 5Zn -o. 5Zr
ZK 60 A EXTRUDED BAR
__!'"""'...,....___ e Ol T5 COND
40 !2 "'-l50 ..,..- ........ AdF
!;:

60
40

!2
'i:
40 0

r-o- ~ NOTCHEI
A I""'
v
---.4 .-I ~

6ri
110
20
~r=======~~=t~~~ ~~~~2t:'
h ~STANDARDKEYHOLENOTCH
I
_ [ 39 -- CHARPY BA R
2. 00---.1 I 3941--- I 1
I 0
-120 -100 -80 60 -40 -20 0
TEMP- F TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0316 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND FIG. 3.0322 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON IMPACT STRENGTH
STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SMOOTH AND NOTCHED ZK 60 A EXTRUDED BAn IN F
OF (P) ZK 60 B (12, Thl.lll) AND T5 CONDITIONS (8, p.l88)

CODE 3506
PAGE 6
 MgWT
REVISEDM .ARCH 1963 NONFERRQUS ALLOYS

r-~----~----~-------,40
Mg-5.5Zn-0.5 Zr
80 Mg-5. SZn-0. SZr Mg
ZK60A EXTRUDED BAR ZK 60 A, B EXTRUSION
NfCH JRENGTH T5 OND CONDB, F, T5 5.5 Zn

--- -- ----. r--... 70

1---l>rt~""""----- SM~ K = 1 30 Vi
::.<: 0.5 Zr

'<60/'
....
- - ....
......
1----. 60 12 r-~~~~ee~~~~~~2o ~
ZKGO
"'
F)'....._

>-+~"
TU t... 50 30
',
' Vi
rz0.027
40
~20
1.40
0
ctil
~rx: _,.. /
K=3 :t:
u

i: 1. 20 ~
zbtO
~ ~
tzl
~
"'JOO
.. L---- ~
10
6
10
7
10
8

~ NUMBER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3.051 S-NSCATTER BANDS FOR SMOOTH
0.80
-500 -400 -300 --
-200 -100 0 100
AND NOTCHED ZK 60 A AND (I') ZK
"0 B EXTRUSIONS (4)
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON NOTCHED TENSILE
STRENGTH OF ZK 60 A EXTRUSIONS IN T5 CONDmON AT
ROOM AND LOW TEMPERATURES (JI. p. 18, 27)

10 1----r=::st:~~~_J__J
8~------~----~~~--~~---+~
Vi
::.<: 6 1----+--~~.,_.._+--__:"*_..p.,._~

Mg-5. SZn-O:SZr

--
EXTRUDED BAR
8
ZK60A
TS COND
2
e1.~
40.5 'I"OTALSTRAIN
r-w-.... ....
o.2
IL-----~------~----~~---L~ 4
0.1 1.0 10 1000 -600 -400 -200 0 200
TIME- HR 1"P.MP- F

FIG. 3.041 TOTALSTRAINCURVESAT95,2:J\JA~D300 F FIG. 3.061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM

FOR ZK 60 A EXTRUSIONS IN TS GONUITION AND LOW TEMPERATURES FOR ZK 60 A
(4, p.9) EXTRUSIONS IN T5 CONDITION (II, p.IS)

CODE 350~
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 196 3

40
Mg Mg-5 .50Zn -0.50 Zr

,_
- ---
5.5 Zn EXTRUDED
ZK6 0A
0.5 Zr 20

ZK 60
~ 20 ~--
FCO }t--
10

COMPRESSION
0
0 2 4 6 8
1000 XSI
FIG. 3.054 TANGEN!' MODULUS
CURVES IN
COMPRESSION FOR ZK 60 A EX-
TRUSIONS IN F AND T5 CONDITION
S
(8, p.S7)

REFERENCES
1 AMS 4352, (Feb. I, 1956)
2 AMS 4362, (Mar ch 1,1954)
3 "Prop erties and Selection or Meta
ls", Metal" Handbook, ASM,
Vol.! , 8th Edition, (1961)
4 "Prop erties of ZK 60 A and ZK 60
B Extru sions ", The Dow
Metal Produ cts Co., Magnesium Tech
nical Servi ce and De-
velopment, Lette r Enclo sure, Code
0.3 lfll, (April 30,19 59)
5 &ker , H., The Dow Metal Products Co., Personal Com
mu-
nicat ion, Uuly 11,1961)
6 "Magnesium ZK 60 A-T6 Forging
Alloy", The Dow Meta ls
Produ cts Co., Magnesium Technical
Servi ce and Deve lop-
ment , Lette r Enclo sure, Code 1.15,
7 (Sept .l4, 1959)
"Elec trtcnl and Therm al Prope rties
The Dow Metal Products Co., Magn
or Magnesium Alloys",
esium Tcch nlcsl Servi ce
and Development, Lette r Enclosure,
1959) Code 2.5l, {Oct .23,
8 "Magnesium Design", The Dow Chem
lcsl Co., Magnesium
Depa rtmen t, Bulletin Form No.
9 14191-57 ,(t95 7)
"Form ing Magnesium", The Dow
Chem lcsi.C o., Magnesium
Depa nmen t, Bulletin Form No. 141-9
10 3-58,(1958)
"Mechanical Prope rties at Various
Temp erotu rell or ZK 60-
A-TS Extru sions ", Alcoa Resea rch
LaboratorieA, Tech ni-
cal Data Sheet, (August 7, 1957)
11 McG ee,R .L.,C ampb ell,J. E.,C srlso
n,R.L . and Manning,
G. K., "The Mechanical Prope rties
of Cer14 ln Ah.:r aft
Struc tural Meta ls at Very Low Temp
WADC TR 58-386, (Nov. 1958) eratu res",( BMl) ,
12 "Effe ct of Testi ng Speed and Temp
cr11ures o.> t.JJe Mcch an-
icsl Prop erties of some Magnesium
Alloy s", The Dow Chem -
ical Co., Magnesium Technicsl Servi
ce and Development,
Lette r Enclo sure, Code 2. 52, Oune
13 8,1959)
"Heat Tran sfer Char acter istics of
Magnesium Alloy s", The
Dow Metal Produ cts Co., I.!agne
s Iurn Tech nics I Servi ce and
Development, Lette r Enclo sure,
Code 2.46, (Feb. 24,19 59)

CODE 350 6
PAGE 8
MARCH 1967 N'ONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL 1.09 Special C<lnslderadons

LA141A Is 011e of the oewly dneloped magueslum llthlum 1.091 Alloy must be protected by surface coadngs for atmospheric Mg
alloys which, at present, are the llgbtest weight class of use.
metal alloys avallable for strUctural use. This alloy Is 1.092 ID plate thicknesses under one !Deb, this alloy Is etfecdve 14 Li
an allbeta, body-centered cubic, solld soludon alloy that as armor plate.
Is strengthened by an age-bardenlag reacdon IDvolviDg AI
the preclpltadon of a transldon (tbeta) phase. It bas a 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
very high stlffaess-to-welgltt rado, good Impact strength
and good damping cbaracterlstlcs. 2.01 Thermal Properdes LAI41A
Formablllty Is excellent at room temperature and weld- 2.011 Melting range. 1065-1085F, (2).
ablllty by fusion and resistance method& Is also good. 2.012 Phase changes. Beta phase (bee).
However, the alloy Is dlffJcult to prOtect from corrosion 2.0121 nme-temperature transformadon diagrams
by bot water or salt, and protecd ve coatings are usually 2.013 Thermal conducdvlty, Fig. 2.013.
required. 2.014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2. 014.
The alloy Is avallable ID several product forms and de- 2.015 Speclflc heat. (32-300F) 0.34-0.36 Btu/lb F, (1).
velopmental work on forgings Is ID progress. 2.0151 Specific heat at various temperatures, Fig. 2.0151.
LA141A Is considered for appllcadons where llgltt weight 2.016 Thermal dlftuslvlty
Is critical such as for aerospace strUctures, meteorite
shields, IDstrUment housiDgs and armor plate, (1)(3)(4). 2.02 Other Pbyslcal Properdes
2.021 Density. 0.0485 1b per cu ID, 1.34 gr per cu em, (2).
1.01 Commercial Designation 0.04761b per cu ID, 1.32 gr per cu em, (1).
LA141A. 2.0211 Specific gravity. 1. 35 gr per cu em.
2.022 Electrical properdes
Alternate Deslgnadons 2.0221 Electrical resistivity. 5. 98 mlcrohm-ID at RT, (9).
LA141, LA141XA. 2.0222 Electrical conducdvlty. 75.3% lACS (mass) at RT,
11.4% lACS (vol) at RT, (9).
1.03 Speclflcatlons 2.023 Magnetic properdes
AMS 4386, stabilized sheet and plate, (10). 2.024 Emissivity

1.04 Composition
Table 1.04.

TABLE 1.04
Source AMS 4386 10 Lockheed 9 Brooks & l'l!rklns (Ill
Form Sheet and Plate Not_gl_ven Sheet and olate
Composition l'l!rcent l'l!rcent l'l!rcent
Min Max Min Mar Mtn Max
Aluminum 1.00 1.50 o. 75 1.25 1.00 1.50
Copper
Iron
-- 0.04
0.005
-- -
0.005
-- 0.04
0.005
Uthlum 13.0 15.0 13.00 15.00 13.00 15.00
Manganese -
--
0.15 - o.os - 0.15

-- --
---
Nickel 0.005 0.005
Sill con 0.10 0.10
Sodium -- 0.005
--
0.003 0.005
Total, other lmpolrltles
Magnesium Balance
0.30
Balance
- - Balance
0.30

1.05 Heat Treatment

1.051 Solution !reat at 550F, 1 hour per Inch or 1 hour minimum
(whlchevt!r Is greater), air queac.'t.
1.052 Age at 350F, 2 to 6 hours, to T7 temper (stabilized condi-
tion). 2.0241 Normal spectral emissivity of vapor-blasted sheet at
1.0521 AMS 4386 specifies sheet and plate stabilized 3t 326 to J60K
374F, 3 to 6 hours and add pickled, (10). 4 micron wave length, 0. 55,
13 mleon wave length, 0. SO, (1).
1.06 2.025 Damping capacity

2.03 Chemical Properdes

1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
1.071 Alloy Is available as Ingots, sheet and plate, extrunlons
(solid and hollow). castings, welding wire and powder, (3).
1.072 Developrrtental work on forgings Is In progress, (3).
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
1.081 This material Is alloyed, melted and poured In book molds,
all In an Inert atmosphere, (3).
1.082 The alloy can also be melted and cast by variations of nux-
melting processes, (7).
1.083 1lle melting and casting of nl4gneslum-llthlum alloys re-
quires specialized equipment a!ld extraord:lnary precautions
to prevent fires. Present faciUtles Impose a limitation of
600 lbs per heat. Tbc:se alloys cannot be direct-chill cast
Into billet type molds because of their reactivity. Thus
special procedure are used during melting and refining
to assure uniformity of composition and quality.
2.031 Corroalon. LAJ41A exhibits moderate resistance to mUd
atmospheric corrosion and Is similar to AZ31B ID this
respect. Although data Is limited, It appears that the
alloy Ia difficult to protect from corrosion by hot water
above lOOP or by salt. The alloy becomes sensitive to
Impact when exposed to liquid oxygen. lntergranular
corrosion appears to be no problem In unprotected weld-
menta up to 75 percent Fey !or 300 hours. However, at
400 hours, evidence of IDtergranular corrosion waa found
and strength reduction occurred after 450 hour. exposure.
Several surface treatments have been used to protect the
surface, (see Sect. ~. 05). A summary of corrosion re-
sistance and protection of magneolum-llthlum alloys Ia
given In Reference 13, Appendix A.
2.04 Nuclear Properties

CODE 3507
PAGE
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCHI967

3, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 3.036 Dearlog

Mg 3.0361 Dearlog propentes of sheet at room temperature and at
3,01 ~c!tted Mechanical Pr!!f!!ntes !SOP, Table 3, 0361.
14 Li 3.011 AMS specified tensile propentes, Table 3.011,
TABLE3 0361
I AI Source 12
TABLE 3.011 Allnv LA141A
ISource (10)(11) Pon.ft 0.040- 0.080 In sheet
LAI41A IAIInv LA 41A Data Dearln~r suenllth a
Ponn Sheet and nlate Pbru.
Test temp - (P) Orientation Pllry
ICondition 7 (kal) (kal)
Pty (at 0. 2% offset) or at
:,~nkl.,; tndfM,:.,dl 70 L 45.4-47.7 27.8-34.3
Nominal 70
Ptu. T 44.9-47.9 3!.2-34.8
Thiclcness, IDch (kal, miD) e, 150
(b) (kal) ~e::on(a) (2lo or 40) L 29.5-31.9 24.227.6
150 T 29.0-31.2 22.8-26.6
0.010 to 0,090 19.0 15.0 0.0090 10
0. 091 to o. 250 19.0
(a) e/D = 2.
14.0 0.0087 10
0. 251 to 2. 000 18.0 13.0 0.0083 10
3.037 Stress couccntradon
(a) E = 6, 000, 000 psi,
3.0371 Notch propentes. See Section 3. 033.
(b) Propentes of plste greater than 2. 000 loches .shall be mutually
3.0372 Fracture toughness
agreed upon by purchaser aod vendor.
3.038 Combined propentea

3.02 Mechaolcal Propentes at Room Temperature 3.04 Creep and Crnep Rupture Properties
3.021 Tension. See also Sect1011 3. 031. 3.041 General. The alloy Is not coosldered to be useful for long
3.0211 Stn.ssstraiD dlagrama time hlgb suess appllcstlons. Creep data Indicate that
3.0212 Typical Ptu at room temperature. 18 to 19 lcsl (17 tem tor 0. 2 percent total sualn In 10 hours at 250P, the llmlt
per). log stress Is less than 1.5 kal, (12).
3,0213 Typical Pty at ronm temperature. 13 to 15 kol (T7 tem
per). 3.05 Fatigue Propentes
3.0214 Typical e(2 IDch) at room temperature. 10 percent (17 3.051 Room temperature endurance limit at loB cycles Jt; re-
temper). poned to be 8. 0 leal, (12).
3.0215 Typical tensUe propentes, Table 3. 0215. 3.052 SN curws toi sheet with various coatings, Pig. 3. 052.

3.06 Elastic Propentes

TABLE 3 0215
Source
3.061 Poisson 1s ratio
12 3.062 Modulus of elasticity. 6 x 103 kal at RT, (3).
IAJ!ov .A' 4tA
3.0621 Effect of temperature on modulus of elsstfclty lo tension,
Data Room temperature tensile
Pig. 3.0621.
Condition WrouJZI!t Cast l!xrrualons a 3.063 Moduluo of rigidity
Ptu mln-kal 19.5 17.5 20.'3 3.0631 Effect of temperature on modulus of rigidity, Pig. 3.0631.
maxksl 24.2 18.0 20.4
Pry, miD-ksl 15.5 12.7 15.6
maxkol 23.5 4. FABRICATION
13.0 15.8
e(21D) min-% 11 17 22
max-% 24 4.01 Ponnablllty
18 24
4.011 Cast 1Dgota can be extruded, bammer forged, press forged
(a) 0. 080 IDch Uchaonel extrUsion. or rolled directly to aheet. Sheet stock bas excellent
formability at room temperature or slightly elevated
3.022 Compression temperature s.
3.0221 StteasstraiD diagrams 4.012 Bends with It radius can be made In sheet at room tempera-
3.0222 Typical Fey at room temperature. 17 to 19 ksl (T7 tern ture tranawrse and at 45" to the rolling direction. Bend
per). radius Ja llmlted tn 3t for bends parallel to the rolllng
3,023 Impact. See Section 3. 033. direction. At !SOP a 0. 5t bend can be made In any direct
3.024 llendtns loo, (12).
3.0241 Mlolmum bend radius for sheet Is It, (1), 4.013 Hot worklq temperature range. 250 to 350P, (2).
3.025 Torsion and shear. See Section 3, 035.
3.026 Dearing. See Section 3, 036. 4.02 Mar.hlnlng aod Grinding
3,027 Stress concenuatlon 4.021 Getwral. 1be alloy exhibits excellent machb!abllity . A
3.0271 Notch properties floe smooth flolab ts readily obtained mth DO tendency to
3.0272 FractUre toughness drag, tear or chip out. Heavy cuts and feeda may be talcen
3,028 COmbined propentea at high speeds without excessive heating of cutting tools.
High speed steel tools are recommended for ordluary
3,03 MecbaDlcal Propentes at Various Temperature s operations. For blgh production work, cast nonlerroua
3.031 Tenalon or carbldetippe d tools glw longer !Ue, (12).
3.03l1 StteaastraiD diagrams 4.022 Turning, shaplog and planing. Gnud tool as follows:
3.0312 l!tfect of test temperature on tensUe propentea ol sh<!!et, Top rake 10 to 20"
Pig. 3.0312. Side rake 0 to 10
3.032 Compreaslon
3.0321
Clearaoce angle 6 to to
Sttesa straiD dis grams l'or llolahlog operatlooa, the tool nose should be allg'JI.Iy
3.0322 Effect ol temperature on Fey of aheet, Pig. 3.0322. rounded ro secure a smooth flolah. Broad noee tools may
3.033 Impact baw the top rake reduced to about 5" to avoid cbatterlng,
3.0331 l!tfect of temperature on Cbarpy V notch llllpact strengtb, (12).
Pig. 3.0331. 4.023 Paning toola ahould have llttle or no top rake with minimum
3,034 Bending front aod aide cleamace of 6 .
3.035 Toralon aod shear 4.024
3.0351 Typical P au Mtlllllg. MUitng Cllttllln should"""" fewtor teeth, mor"
14.8 kol at 11T, undercut aod aplrallo.Dgle, and more chip 8J>IIce than the
11.3 kal at !SOP, awrage cutter ot the HDI type. A rake ol 15 to 25 Ia
7. 5 kal at 225P, (9).

CODE 3507
PAGE 2
 satisfactory for face mtlla, soll<l cutters and plain mills,
with a clearance of 6 to 10" for 1/16 Inch behind the edge
4.05 Slrface Treatment
followed by a secondary clearance of 1S to 2S". Helix
4.051 General. Conversion coatings originally developed for
Mg
angle of 1S to 45" Is recommended. For ordinary milling
operations, spec!ds of 500 to 1000 feet per minute are magnesium usually do not give good protection to magnesl
um-llthlum alloys because~ the high surface alkallnlty.
14 Li
satisfactory. Heavy oil lubrication Is required for milling
operations. Heavy anodic coatings (such as DOW 17 and HAB) provide I AI
4.025 The alloy machines similar to pure aluminum. The same
some protection and are Improved by adding an organic
precautions used In the machining of magnesium must be coating. A llgbt fluoride anodic coating provides a good
observed for LA141A, (12). paint base. Stannate Immersion coatings provide useful
protection (unpainted) and also provide a good paint base.
LAI41A
4.026 LA14IA Is readily adaptable to metall":'TTIOval by cbemical
Epoxy primer plus epoxy top coat are probably the best
milling using phosphoric acid solutioos as reagents, (13),
paint systems. Further development ~ protective c<;,\tlng
systems are In progress, (13).
4.03 Welding
4.031 General. The alloy can be joined by conventional fusion
and resistance welding tecbillques. FlnJshed parts can
be MIG welded using LA14IA or BZ33A filler wire. Pre
heating ls.not necessary, but weldments should be stress
relieved at 300F. Excellent welds are obtained 1f pre
cleaning procedures are adequate.
4.032 Fuston welding. Alloy may be fusion welded with an AC
or DC power supply depending upon the method used. DC
can be used for automatic or semi-automatic TIG welding
when bellum Is used as the shielding gas. AC Is recom
mended for TIG welding with superimposed hi,qh frequency 36
or balanced wave; argon or bellum used as sh!eldlng gas. ...... LAI41A

~
Electrodes may be pure tungsten or thoriated tungsten.
Backside shielding Is required to reduce the extent of
oxidation on the underside of the weld bead. This can be 2

\
accompllshed with either argon or bellum through a copper (9)

4.0321
baclcup bar, (12).
Tensile properties of sheet, welded with various filler
(2)

metals, Table 4. 0321. 28

\
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

Source
TABLE 4 0321
9 4

AI ov LA141A
Form 0.063 Inch sheet
('nntlltlnn Welded ond ....
lleVP.d
Base Filler Test Ftu Fty, e, (percent) 20
Metal Metals Temp,(F (leal) (leal) 21n l/21n 0 100 200 400 500
A
B
-
AZ61A
70
70
21.5 18.1 18.S
20.6 16.2 17.9 0.3
- TEST TEMP P
B AZ92A 70 21.1 18.3 17.3 5.8
B FIG. 2.013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY (2)(9)
EZ33A 70 2!.6 !8.8 7.3 !7.3
B No filler 70 20.0 18.0 16.7 1. 7
A
B
-
AZ61A
ISO
ISO
16.9 11.1
14.2 8.4
26.S
26.S 0.2
-
B AZ92A ISO 15.3 11.4 21.5 9.8
B EZ33A ISO u.s 10.1 10.1 27.3
B No filler !50 14.0 ll.O 27.4 0.6
A
B
-
AZ61A
250
250
8.6
9,3
5.4
s.o
43.0
39.4 0.9
-
B AZ92A 250 8.9 4.9 41.4 17.7
B EZ33A 250 9.3 4.6 17.8 26.7
B No filler 250 8.3 4.6 32.4 2.1
c EZ33A 70 21.7 17.7 9.8 3.S
D AZ92A 70 26
D EZ33A 70
22.3 18.6
20.0 17.8
5.9
14.4
0.3
2.9 tl.
a::
<~!
A (2)
LAI41A

A Control base metal (not welded)

B Mg U welded to Mg Ll
"'"' 24
(I)
j!;
C LA141XA welded to HM21A111 a::
"'"'~
D LA14!XA welded to AZ31BO
THERMAL EXPANSION
22 ..... ._.
4.033 Resistance welding. In sheet form the alloy can be readily "'~
spot welded to Itself or to other maglleslum alloys.
4.034 Brazing. Existing brazing filler metals normally uaod for
commercial magnesium alloy brazing are not suitable for 20
LA14!A. The development~ special brazing filler metals 200 0 200 400 600 800
will be reqJ!red for brazing of this alloy, (13).
TEST TEMP- F
Heat Treatment
Weldmenta should be streaa relleved at 300F. FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION (1)(2)(9)

CODE 3507
PAGE 3
 NONFERROUS A.LLOYS MARCHI967

-
0.36 40 ,.LA-14-1 ""'A--r---
Mg LA141A r---,---,
0.080 lN SHI!I!T
14 Li
I AI "'
CD
..I
0.35
...-- 30 ~----~----+-----+-----;

a:
LAI41A "'
0..
0.34
~
20
~

0.3 3
0 100 200 300 400 500 10
?lllJ (12)
(9)
TI!STTI!MP- F

FIG. 2.0151 SPECIFIC HEAT (9) 0

-400 -200 0 200 400

TI!STTI!MP- F

FIG. 3.0322 I!FFI!CTOF TI!MPI!RATIJRI! ON

COMPRI!SSIVI! YIELD STRENGTH
OF SHEET (9)(12)

SOr-~----.-----~----~L~A~14~1A~
0. 020 TO 0.125 IN SHI!I!T

~ ~
~ (12)
(9)

40
LA141A
PLAT!!

32
.--
0
10
24
"'}
AT
0 L
I:>.T
SURFACE NOTCH

SHORT TRANSVERSE

80

--
0 !;: 16
~

...z 0.
40
"'a:u 8
"'"'()

..."' IE CiRPY V-N,TCH

0
-400 -200 0 400 0
-300 -200 -100
l
0 100 200
TI!STTI!MP- F
TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0312 I!FFI!CT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET FIG. 3.0331 I!FFI!CT OF TEMPERATIJRI! ON CHARPY V-NOTCH
(9)(12)
IMPACT STRENGTH (9)(12)

CODE 3507
PAGE 4
MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

LA141A Mg
0.0621N SHEET
REVERSED BEND FATIGUE 14 Li
2000 CPM
I AI
I R ~ -1
Kt =I
LAI41A

& BARE (DEGREASED)

T
EPOXY COATED (HYSOL 4225)
URETHANE COATED (LAMINAR
X-500)
5~--,~~~---------,~~~----------,o~----------~~~

NUMBER OP CYCLES

PIG. 3.052 SN CURVES FOR SHEET WITH VARIOUS COATINGS (3)

LA141A
SHEET
L,T
~
7 !'-..
"e..
6 ~ E

\ REFERENCES

4
\ \.
2
Brooks aud Pcrldns, Inc., "Ugbt Metals Olta ", (Dec-
ember 1962)
Materlnls Selector lsaue, Materials In Design Engineer-
!;&, (Mid-October 1965)
(9) 3 Hrooka aad Perldns, Inc . "Magnealum-Uthlum Products ..,

3
& (12)
\ 4
(Producer's Trade Uterawre)
''Magnesium-Lithium Alloys Combine Ugb!Deas and
Stlftness", Materials In Design Bngl!!eerlng, Vol, 62,
-200 -100 0 100 200 300 No. 5, (November 1965)
5 Munroe, R. A., ''MasneslumLithlum Alloy Ugbteno
TEST TEMP P Blectroolc Paclcaglng", Metal Progress, Vol, 88, No. 1,
Uuly 1966)
PIG. 3,0621 EFFECT OP TEMPERATURE ON MODULUS OP 6 D'Annesaa, A., "Welding Cbaracterlstlca of LA141XA
ELASTICITY IN TENSION (9)(12) MagnealumUthlum Sbeet", Locl:heed Mlaallea aud
Space Co., Sunnyvale, C&llt., Report No, 411622,
Final Technical Repon, (October 1962)
7 Frost, P. D., ''Teclmlcal aud Economic Staws ol Mag-
nealumUthlum Alloya", Technology Utlllzatlon Report,
3 NASA SP-5028, Prepared for NASA by Bartelle Memorial
LA141A Jnatlwte, (August 1965)
L,T 8 "Btfects of Low remperaturea oa Structural Metals",
Technology Utilization Report, NASA SP-5012, NASA,
2 Maraball Space Fllgbt Center, (December 1964)
..... 9 Data Supplied by B. Willner, LocJcbeed Aircraft Corp.,

~ ......
Missiles and Space Co.
G 10 AMS 4386, ''Magnesium Alloy Sbeet 1U1d Plate (LA141A
T7", Aerospace Material Specification, Soc. of Auto
'....... 11
motive Eng., Inc., (June 30, 1964)
Broolca and Perldns, Inc., Specification BPS-125, Re

0
~ vlatoo 8, MagneslumUthlum All~y LA141A, Sbeet aud
Plate
-200 -100 0 100 200 300 12 Alloy Digest, '.'MagnealumLA141A ", Filing Code: Mg
56, Magnealum Alloy, Engineering Alloys Digest, Inc.,
TEST TEMP r (February I 964)
13 Byrer, T. G. et al., ''111<! Developmeot of Magnesium
PIG. 3,0631 I!PPECT OF TI!MPI!RATURI! ON MODULUS Lithium Alloys for StructUral Appllcatlona", Battelle
OF RIGIDITY (9) Memorial loatJtute Report No. NASA CR-79, Uune 1964)

CODE 3507
PAGE !I
nC.VI>:IC.U; UC.\.C.Mtlt.l'( 1~11)~

AUTHOR: J. R. KATTUS

1. GENERAL 200F results in a marked decrellBe in strength and

The lower lithium content of LA91A, llB compared with
its sister alloy LA141A, results in a twc-phllBe
structure of hexagonal-close-packed alpha in a matrix
of body-centered cubic bets. When the alpha phaee is
thoroughly broken up and distributed throughout the bets
matrix, primarily by hot work, the strength of LA91A
equals or exceeds that of LA141A. ln addition, LA91A
exhibits somewhat better ductility, and hllB consider-
ably better stability when exposed to an elevated
temperature of 200F. The LA91A alloy, however,
is slightly more dense than LA141A (!).
Although it has been reported that LA91A can be
significantly strengthened by heat treatment (2),
available data do not support this claim. The 118-
hot-rolled material retains relatively stable
properties during aglng for 48 hours at 200F' (1) (see
Table 3. 0212). Cold rolling up to 50 percent re-
duction produces increases in strength of nbout 10
percent, but further cold working appears to be
detrimental.
LA91A is readily formable by most commercial
processes both nt room temperature and at elevated
temperatures, and may be readily joined by the
various fusion welding techniques. The atmospheric
corrosion resistance of the alloy Is comparable to
that of most commercial magnesium alloys. Suitable
coatings arc recommended for humld, salt-spray,
and marine environments.
LA91A should be considered for applications similar
to those associated with LA141A (aerospace
structures, meteorite shields, Instrument housing,
and armor plate) particularly where temperatures
above room temperature might be Involved.
1. 01 Commercial Designation
LA91A.
1. 02 Alternate Designations
LA91, LA91XA.
1. 0~ Speclflcations
None.
1.04 Composition
Table 1.04
TABLE 1. 04
Percent
Composition
Minimum Maximum
Aluminum 1.00 1.50
Copper - 0.04
Iron
Lithium
-
8.0
0.005
10.0
Increase In ductility of the solution treated material
but hae little effect on the as-bot-worked material
(1) (see Table 3, 0214).
1.052 No data are available on the effects of stabllizing
treatment F.t 350F as is specified for LA141A In AMS
4386 (3).
1.06 Hardness
55 to 75 RE LA91A
1.07 Forms and Conditions Availabl~
Commercially , none.
1.071 The alloy hae been made experimentally in the form
of sheet, plate, forging, extrusion, andcllBting (1).
1.08 Melting and CllBting Practice
1.081 Because the alloy reacts readily with oxygen and
nitrogen In the temperature range 1200 to 1400F re-
quired for melting, It must be protected from
oxygen by one of several methods during melting.
1.0811 A technique applicable to small heats Is the use of
a molten-flux cover. One such flux consists of 3:1
LlCl-L!F in an amount equivalent to about one third
of the metal weight. A late addition of Lillr mny be
made to improve the separation of the nux from the
metal (2).
Another flux that hllB been used Is 12.5 percent L!F-
37. 5 percent L!Cl-50 percent KCl , Its weight being
about one-tenth the weight of the metal (5).
1. 0812 A better technique Is the use of an inert atmosphere,
normally argon, to protect the molten met.'ll (2).
1. 0813 Finally, vacuum melting and casting is an effective
technique to prevent oxidation of LA91A during
melting (2). An effective variation of this technique Is
to melt under a small partial pressure of argon (1).
1.082 Because of excessive reactivity, LA91A should not be
melted in conventional ceramic or graphite crucibles.
Steel crucibles are recommended (1)
1.083 Steel or graphite molds are normally used to produce
ingots or other cast shapes (1)(6).
1.09 Special Considerations
1.091 The attainment of optimum strength In LA91A Is
highly dependent upon sofflc!ent hot work to break up
the coarse as-cast structure of alpha and beta phases
into a fine dispersion of alpha In a betn matrix. In
hot rolling, a reduction ratio of 40:1 Is ample for this
purpose. Although similar figures have not been
established for extrusion and forging, It Is known
that a 24:1 extrusion ratio Is insufficient and 75 percent
upset reduction by forging Is Insufficient (1).
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Manganese - 0.15 2.01 Thermal Proportles

Melting range. Approximately lOGO - 1070F.
Nickel - 0.005 2.011
Silicon
Scdium
-- 0.10
0.005
2.012 Phase changes. There Is some Indication that a third
phase, theta (ldentl!led as Mg Ll2 AI), and perhaps
nddil!onal phases precipitate during agin1:. but these
Total, other Impurities - 0.30
reactions have not been clearly established (2)(7).
~lagneslum Balance
. Composition limits of elements other than
Lithium tnken from AMS 438b for LA 141A
2. 0121
2.013
Time-tempernture-trnnsformation dingrnms.
Thermal conductivity. 32.3 Btu ft per (hr sq rtF)
(50 to 300F) (l)(B).
2.014 Thermal expansion. 18 x 10-G Inch r>cr Inch degree F
(68 to 200F) (1.)
2, 015 Specl!lc heat, Figure z. 015.
I. O.Jl Since no specification has been publlshec:, the 2. 016 Thermal diffusl vlty.
composition limits for LA141A in AlliS 4386 (3l arc
used as" J;Uide In defining the compostlon limits 2.02 Other Physical Properties
for LA91A in Table I. 01. 2.021 Density. 0.0523 lb per cu h: (8).
1.52 grpercucm(l)
1. 05 Ileal Treatment 2.022 Electrical properties.
None. 2.023 Magnetic properties.
I. 051 Avallable data Indicate that there Is little or no 2.024 Emittance, Figure 2. 024.
Improvement In properties gained through solution 2.025 Damping capacity.
treatment n.s compared \\ith ns-hot-worked propf'rtics
(1)(4). Aging of the solution treated material at 2.03 Chemical Properties

CODE 35081
 ; ;
Corrosion. In humid atmospheres the corrosion 3. 0214 Effect of bent treatment, Table 3. 0214. \ __ )
resistance of LA91A is equivalent to most other
magnesium alloys, but in salt water or salt spray it TABLE 3.0214
corrodes at somewhat faster rates than most of the
other alloys (9).In a vacuum of 1 to 2xl0-6 mm of Hg it Source (1)
loses no weight at temperatures up to GOOF; at 800F Allm LA01A
it loses weight at a rate of 1. 1 x 10-2 I' g/cm2/sec Form 0. 063 Inch Sheet
(1) In general, the corrosion products on LA91A are
Soiation Treat A~re Treat Ftu, Fty, e
LA91A less adherent than those on most commercial alloys.
Over long exposure periods the corrosion rates for ime,hr tremo. F Time hr Temp F ksl ksl (2 in)
the commercial alloys decrease with time; those for
magnesium-lithium alloys are more likely to remain
As -extrude< - - - - 28.1 :!4.0 18
constant or to decrease much more slowly (9). LA91A
and
bot-rolled
1/2
1/2
650
650 24
- -
200
:!7.9 22.1
22.6 16.0
25
34
Is sufficiently resistant to normal atmospheric
corrosion for only limited structural service. As-forged - - - -- 29.5 20.2 34
Protective coatings are necessary for most
applications, especially when prolonged periods of
and
bot-rolled
1/2
1/2
650
650
-
24 200
27.8 23.2 28
time are Involved. 21.7 16.7 45

3.0215 Effect of cold rolling at 75F and -100F on tensile

2.04 Nuclear Properties
properties of sheet previously hot rolled at 450F,
Figure 3.0215.
3.022 Compression.
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
3. 0221 Stress-strain diagrams.
3.023 Impact.
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
3.024 Bending.
3. 0241 Bend radius for sheet, 1T io 3T (1).
3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature 3.025 Torsion and shear.
3.021 Tension. 3.026 Bearing.
3.0211 Stress-straln diagrams. 3.027 Stress concentration.
3. 0212 Typical tensile properties as-hot-rolled and after 3.0271 Notch properties.
48 hours exposure to 200F, Table 3. 0212. 3.0272 Fracture toughness.
3.028 Combined properties.

TABLE 3.0212 3.03 Mechnnlonl Properties at Various Temperatures

3.031 Tension. Effect of temperature on tensile properties,
Source Ill Figure 3. 031.
3.03tl Stress-strain diagrams.
Allov LA91A 3.032 Compression.
Form 0, 063 Inch Sheet 3.0321 Stress-strain diagrams.
Data Room Temperature Tensile 3.033 Impact.
3.034 Bending.
Condition As-Hot-Rolled After 48 Hours 3.035 Torsl<;n and shear.
Anneal at 200F 3.036 Bearing.
Fbi Fty e(2 Ftu Fty e(2 3.037 Stress concentration.
Composition 3.0371 Notch properties.
Ksl Ksl In) Ksl Ksl In)
3.0372 Fracture toughness.
Mg-9Ll-1. OAI 27.8 21.8 34 26.2 20.3 38 3.038 Combined properties.
Mg-9Li-l. SAl 28.0 21.4 38 26.4 20.6 36
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties

3. 05 Fatigue Properties

3.06 Elastic Properties

3.061 Poisson s ratio.
3.062 Modulus of elasticity : G. 6 x 103 ksl (8).
3.0213 Effect of fabrication procedure, Table 3. 0213. 3.063 Modulus of rigidity.

TABLE 3 0213
Source Ill
Allov LA91A
Cocditlon As-Hot-Worked
Method of Reduction
Fabrication Fabrication Procedure Ftu, ksl Fty, ksl e(2 In)
Ratio
As-extruded 0.187 x 2 x 2 inch, T-sectlon extruded from
4 7/16 - Inch diameter billet at 5000 F 24:1 21.0 18.1 30
As -extruded 0.187 x 2 -Inch flange of T-sectlon rolled
and rolled at 450F to o. 063 - Inch thick sheet 40:1 28.1 24.0 18
As-forged Bar stock hammer forged at 5500F from
cast Ingot 4:1 23.6 20.8 39
As-forged Forged bar rolled at 4500F to 0. 063 Inch
and rolled thick sheet 40:1 29.5 20.2 34
As-rolled As-east Ingot rolled at 4500F to 0. 063
Inch thick steel 40:1 30.8 24.9 15

CODE 350i]
 REVISED: DECEMBER 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

4. FABRICATION 4.04 Surface Treatment

\ 4..01 Formability 4.041 General. Several treatments developed originally

f for commercial magnesium alloys have been applied
4.011 General. LA91A, like LA141A and in contrast to
most commercial magnesium alloys, 1s easily
fabricated and formed, even at room temperature.
Primarily, the excellent forming characteristics of
LA91A are a result of ite body centered cubic matrix
structure, whereas most magnesium alloys have
hexagonal close packed structures, which are much
more dlfficult to form.
4.012 Parts can be produced by all methods of fabrication.
For severe forming, such as deep drawing, impact
extruding, spinning, hammer forging, and large
rolling reductions, elevated temperatures (normally
in the range 350 to 500F) should be used. The needed
temperature depends upon the severity of forming
(2)(9).
4.02 Machining and Grinding
4.021 General. LA91A is easUy machlned, cut, sawed, or
chemically milled. In machinability it is comparable
to other magnesium alloys and aluminum. The same
precautions used in magnesium machining must be
observed. Where a machining coolant or lubricant
Is desired, a mineral oU (non water soluble) is re-
commended. For cutling or sawing, mineral oU or
with fair success to LA91A. These are Dow 17, HAE,
flouride anodize, and stannate treatments. All of
them require subsequent paint coatings, preferably
baking or room tsmperature curing resins, for
protection in outdoor, salt-air, or humid environments
(2)(5)(9). LA91A
4.042 Metalllc coatings. There are three accepted methods
for applying metalllc coatings to commercial
magnesium alloys; Immersion zinc plnting, elcctroless
(Immersion) nickel plating, and direct ehlCtro-plating
of nickel. On LA91A the first two are much more
effective than the third. In each case, other metals
that can be electroplated can be deposited by
standard methods over the initial layer of zinc or
nickel (2) (9).
34
LA91A ,/
SHEET

4.022
parafin may be used (2)(9).
Chemical milling. The alloy can be chemically 32
AS-HOT-ROLLED /
milled in phosphoric or sulfuric acid solutions. Acid
strength and temperature vary depending upon the
physical size of parts and the amount of material to he
/,/
removed, so that convenient etchlng rates can be
selected. Masking techniques similar to those used for
aluminum can be used (9). /
4.03 Welding /
,-
4.031 General. LA91A can be readily fusion welded. Joint
efficiencies are high and weld cracking difficulties
are rare. Both GTA and GMA processes, with
manual or automatic techniques, are applicable. The 26
use of helium gas maintains a cleaner appearance of 0 100 200 300
the liquid pool; however, weldments with 100 percent TEMPERATURE - F
joint efficiency have been obtained with the use of
argon. Backside shielding Is required to reduce F1G. 2.015 SPECIF1C HEAT. (1)
underside oxidation. Prior to welding, the material
must he cleaned by abrasion with aluminum oxide
or with stainless steel or aluminum wire brushes.
No preheating Is necessary, hut a postweld stress
relief at 250 to 350F Is recommended. The alloy
can also he reslst~>uce spot welded on equipment
conventionally used for other magnesium alloys (2).
4.032 Filler metals. Welding wires of LA141A, EZ33A
AZ92A, and AZ61A have been used successfully. As
with the base metal, It Is necessary to use freshly LA91A
cleaned welding wire, which can be cleaned by passing 0.50
SHEET
through stainless steel wool (2).
" 033 TensUe properties of LA91A sheet TIG welded with
EZ33A filler wire, Table 4. 033.
0.40
TABLE 4 033
tol
Source (2) tl
z
Alloy LA91A <
!-<
0.30
Form 0. 090 Inch Sheet
~
tol
GTA Welded with EZ 33 A
Condition
Filler Wire
Fracture 0.20
Temp,F Ftu Fty e
Ksi Ksl (2ln) Location

75 23.7 21.2 6 Base Metal

23.7 21.8 Base Metal 0.10
75 G
12
75 23.4 21.4 6 Base Metal
-320 30.4 25.7 7 Base Metal WAVELENGTH, MICRONS
-320 30.2 - 12 Base Metal F1G. 2.024 NORMAL SPECTRAL EMITTANCE AT 3600 K. (1)
-423
-423
43.3
38.1
-- 6
1
Fusion Zone
Fusion Zone
-423 39.4 - 3 Fusion Zone
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: DECEMBER 1969

LA91A
40 1----1--- -1- SHEET

LA91A

0 ROLLED AT -100F
L-----~----~----~----~10
0 20 40 60 80
COLD ROLLING REDUCTION, PERCENT
FIG. 3.0215 EFFECT OF COLD ROLLING AT 75F
AND -100F ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF SHEET PREVIOUSLY HOT-
ROLLED AT 45o"F. (1)

References

1. Byrer, T.G., Jackson, R.J., Sabroff, A.M. and

Frost, P. D., "Evaluation of Magncsium-Lilh.I um
Alloys for Possible Missile and Space Applications,"
Battelle Memorial Institute Report lo Army Ballistic
Missile Agency, Contract No. DA-33-019-0RD- 2593
(January :n, 1960)
2. Jackson, R.J., and Frost, P.O., "Properties and
Current Applications of Magnesium-Lilh.I um Alloys"
NASA SP -5068, Report prepared by Battelle Memorial
Institute for NASA Of!lce of Technology Ulllization
(1967)
3. AMS 4386, "Magnesium Alloy Sheet and Plate
(LA141A - T7)," Aerospace Materials SpecU!cation,
50
Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. (June 30, 1964)

40

30
"'\ ~ ~
'\(TU

'\. ~ r--
LA91A
4.

5.
Jones W.R.D., "The Mcchaalcnl Properties of Binary
and Ternary Magnesium Alloys Conlalning I.Jlh.Ium,"
Journal of Ute Institute of Melnls, Volume 84
(1955 - 1956), pp. 364 - 378.
Frost, P. D. , "Technical and Economic Status of
Magnesium-Lilh.I um Alloys, NASA SP-5028," Report
prepared by Battelle Memoriallnstlut e for NASA
Office of Technology Utilization (1965).

~
............
Jackson, J.H., Frost, P.O., Loonam, A.C.,

~
6.
FTY

r--- t-...._
Eastwood, L.W. and Lorlg, C.ll., "Magnesium-
LiUtlum Base Alloys: Preparation, Fabrication, and
20
- 7.
General Characteristics. " Transactions AlME,
Volume 185 (1949) pp. 149 - 168.
Raynor, G. V., "The Theta Phase In Magnesium-

~
LIUtlum Alloys with Reference lo Instability after
Aging," Journal of Ute Institute of Mclnls, Volume
30 ~
e(21N) / lol
~ 8.
88 (1959-1960) pp.209-216.
"Magnesium: LA9l (Light structural Alloy)," Alloy
Digest (July 1965)
n
~
-400 -300 -200 -------
-100 0 100
10 9. Byrer, T.G., WhitcE.L., andFrostP.D., "The
Development of Mngneslum-I,tlh.I um Alloys for
Structural Applications," Report prepared by
TEMPERATURE - F
Battelle Memorial Institute for NASA, George C.
FIG. 3.031 TENSION EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE Marshall Space Flight Center, Contract NAB 8-5049
PROPERTIES. (2) (January 25, 1963)
 RELEASED: JUNE 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AUTHOR: J. R. KATTUS

\.__.) 1. GENERAL 1.06 Hardness

AM 100 A is an age-hardenable magnesium-base alloy, Hardness for permanent-mold and investment castings, Mg
which is used prlniarily !or permanent-mold castings Table 1.06.
because it has outstanding resistance to hot cracking. 10 AI
It is also produced as investment castings. In the age- TABLE 1 06
hardened condition, it has medium strength and ductili- Alloy AM 100 A Ql Mn
ty at room temperature. Its maximum use temperature Source 2 6
should he limited to 350F since its strength deteriorates "' inAOO
rapidly at elevated temperatures. AM 100 A has de- Form Condition BHN RE AM IOOA
sirable foundry characteristics including excellent
nuidlty and little tendency toward microporosity. It Permanent-mold castings F(ascast) 53 64
has very good machinability and weldability. Like Permanent-mold castings T4 52 62
other magnesiwn alloys, it should be protected from Permanent-mold castings T6 60 72
corrosion by chemical treatment followed by painting Permanent-mold castings T61 70 81
when it is to be used !or long times in l.ndustrial envir-
onments or even !or short times in marine environ-
Investment Castings T6 - 70-95

ments. It is recommended !o'!' casting configurations

that can be economically produced in permanent molds 1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
-- normally relatively ~gll production or simple shapes. Produced mosUy as permanent-mold castings and to a
It is also a desirable alloy !or applications requiring let1ser extent as investment castings; used in the T4
pressure tightness or X--ra~ inspection. Specific (solution-treated), T5 (art1flc1ally aged), and T6
aerospace applications have included landing wheels, (solution treated and artificially aged) conditions. The
magneto housings, rocker-box covers, and jet com- as-cast condition io designated as F.
pressor cases(1). 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice (7)(8)
Melting practice for AM 100 A is the same as that for
1.01 Commercial Designation magi,.csium-aluminum-zinc castingalloys. Gas-fired
AM 100 A or oil-fired crucible-type furnaces and steel melting
containers and casting containers are used. When
1.02 Alternate r~esignations separate melting and casting crucibles are used, the
AlO, G. metal is melted under "open-pot" nux, which is used
in quantities of about 2 lb per 100 lb of metal in both
1.03 Specifications crucibles.
AMS 4455A, 4483A
ASTM BB0-68, B199-68, B403-67 When the melting is done in the casting"crucible,
Federal QQ-M-55b "crucible" nux is used in quantities of about 3 lb per
MIL-M-46062A 100 lb of metal. Boib nuxes are magnesium chloride
SAE 502 mixed with various types and quantities of other
chlorides and nourides. The nux prevents burning and
1.04 Composition also traps Impurities and settles them out of the melt
\ .... ,.... Table 1.04. in the form of sludge. Foundries usually buy AM 100 A
in prenlloyed ingot form, but an alternate method is to
TABLE 1 04 melt t.ommercially pure magnesium and add the alwni-
Alloy AM 100 A num a1,.:! manganese by immersing the pure metals in
Composition the melt until dissolved. Melting losses are negligible.
Source AMS 44&5A(2), 4483A(3); Harmful gases, particularly hydrogea, can be removed
ASTM B80-68;B199-68B403-67 from the melt by chlorination. Chlorination can be
Percent effected either by bubbling chlorine through the melt for
Element Minimum Maximum :!'rom 5 to 15 minutes at about 1350F, or plunging tab-
Aluminum 9.3 10.7 lets of hexachloroethane or hexachlorobenzene into the
Manganese 0.10 - melt at about 1450F.
Zinc
Silicon
-- 0.30
0.30 These tablets serve the additional function of grain
Copper - 0.10 rofinement, which is very Important !or the attainment
Nickel - 0.01 of optimum properties. Alternate methods of grata re-
Others (total) - 0.30 finement are superheating to 1675F and rapid cooling to
Mngnesium Remainder the pouring tomperature, or plunging of lampblack into
the molt at 1450F. For pouring, the nux should be
skimmed from the surface of the melt and burning pre-
1.05 Heat Treatment vented by dusting on a mixture or sulfur and boric acid.
Table 1.05. The pouring temperature Is normally about 1450F.
1.051 Effect on tensile rroperties of aging time at various
temperatures after solution treatment, Figure 1. 051. 1.09 Special ConsideratiOllS
1.091 AM 100 A is subject to germination, which is the growt1
TABLE 1 05 of large cryaialB in so>me locally stressed areas during
IAUoy AM 100 A solution heat treal.ment. Germination Is very detri-
Heat Treatments mental to mechanical properties, reducing strength by
Source (4)(5) as much as 50 percent. The conditions favoring germ-
Solution Age ination are very fine as-c11.Bt grains, internal stresses
rremp nme Cool Temp nme such as occur is chllled areas, complete solution of
Treatment F hr lb\ F hr grain-boundry constituents, and a solution temperature
T4 Solution (a) 775 18 a. b. - - above 730F. The usual method for preventing germina
T5 Artificial Aze
T8 Solution + artlfical age 775
- 18
- - 450
a. b. 450
5
5
tion is an interrupted solution shown as the altornate
solution treatment in Table 1. 05. This treatment re-
T61 Solution + overage 775 18 a. b. 400 24 laxes the internal stresses (8) (9).
(a) Alternate solution to prevent excessive grain growth: 1.092 Special care should be taken in the preparation of AM
775F 6 hr, furnace cool to 665F, hold 2 hr, reheat to 100 A to avoid contsmination with zirconium-containing
775F, hold 10 hr, coolin air blast. alloys, since such contamination inhibits response to
(b) a.b.--Alr Blast
grain-refining treatments (7).
MgWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE 1970

.-------,2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES used in all natural environments except continuous im-
Mg mersion in water (15)(19). For a discussion or galvanic
2.01 Thermal Properties corrosion, see Code 3601, Section 2. 0312.
10 AI 2.on Melting range, 867-llOOF (8). 2.032 Safety precautions should be directed to the prevention
0.1 Mn 2.012 Phase changes. An eutectic network of Mg17Al12 or fires, burns, and explosions. (see HZ32A, Cede
compound and the alpha magnesium-aluminum solid 3408, Section 2.032)
solution forms at the grain boundries in as-cast AM
100 A, which has matrix of alpha solid solution. Solu- 2.04 Nuclear Properties
AM IOOA tion heat treatment dissolves the Mg17 Al12 in the alpha
phase. During aging heat treatment Mg17Al12 com-
pound precipitates in a finely divided state, which can 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
form a "pearlite" or a fine Widmanstatten type of
structure (1~11) Because of over-aging, during which 3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
the Mg17Al12 precipitate coagulates and grows, the Table 3.01.
mechanical properties of heat-treated AM 100 A deter- TABLE3 01
Iorate when the alloy is exposed to temperatures of !Alloy AM 100 A
300F and above for long periods (13). Form nst ni!B
2.0121 Time- temperature-transfor mation diagrams. c
2.013 Flu Ftr;
Thermal conductivity. Typo min mn min
Table 2. 013. Specification !casting Coru Specimen
AMS 4483A(3) Perm Mold TG Separate cast(slngle)
ksi ksl
34 ii;-
1(2t)
TABLE 2 013
Alloy AM 100 A
Cut from c:nsting 25.5 13.5 1
Form CastinllB (avg 4 or more)
Source (8) (12) (13) Cut from casting 17 10 -
1Temperature Thermal C()nductivity (single)
Condition F Btu-ft per (ft2-hr-F)
AMS 4455A(2) lnvest:nent T6 Separate cast (single I a.; 120 4
F (as cast) Cut from casting ~o. 11.5 1
68 29
T4 68 (avg 4 or more)
24
T6 68 34 ASTM B199-68 Perm Mold F
Cut from casting(sim!l'
Separate cast (single)
17
20
9.5
10
--
TG1 68 26
All 212-570 41 T4 34 10 6
T6 34 15 2
2.014 Thermal expansion, TG and TG1 conditions: 14. 5 x T61 34 17 -
10-6 ln per in per F from 68 to 212F (8) (5). ASTM B403-67 Investment F Separate cast (single) 20 10 -
2.015 Specific heat. 0.25 Btu per (lb-F) at 78F (14). T4 34 10 6
2.016 Thermal dlliuslvity. T6 34 15 2
T7 34 17 -
2.02
2.021
Other Physical Properties
Density. 0.065 lb per in3 (8).
ASTM BB0-68 Sand T6 separate cast (sl~glo) 35 17 -
2.022 Electrical properties. 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
2.0221 Electrical conductivity. 3.021 Tension.
Table 2. 0221. 3.0211 Stress-strain dingrams.
TABLE 2 0221 3.0212 Tensile properties of permanent-mold castings, Table
Alloy AM 100 A 3.0212.
Form Castini!B TABLE 3.0212 !\
Source (8) (15) Alloy AM 100 A
Electrical Conductivity Form Cas tin""
Temperature Percent Mesmhos Source (18) (13) (14) (5)
Condition F lACS ocr ioch3
TYP I Fb.t c
F
T4
68
68
12
10
0.178
0.148
Castings Condition Specimen ksl :~r l!2lnj
Permanent mold F Soparate Cast 24 16 1
TG 68 13 0.204 T4 39 14 10
T61 68 15 0.221 T6 39 20 2
2.0222 Electrical resistivity (8)(15). TG1 39 22 1
F condition: 5. 64 microhm - In at 68F Permanent mold F Cut from castings 20 11 2
T4 condition: 6. 77 microhm - in at 68F T4 35 12 9
TG condition: 4. 90 microhm - in nt 68F T6 35 16 4
T61 condition: 4.53 microhm- In nt 68F T6l 36 19 1
2.023 Magnetic properties. T5 22 16 2
2.024 Emittance. 3.022 Compression.
2.025 Damping Capacity. At a stress equal to 0.1 Fty, the 3.0221 Stross-strnln diagrams.
speclflo damping capacity of AM 100 A- F (as-cost) 3.0222 Compressive strength nr perrnnnont-mold castings,
Is 4. 0, which Is n medium level in comparison with Table 3.0222.
other magnesium alloys (16). TABLE3 0222
Alloy AM 100 A
2.03 Chemical Properties Form Permanent Mold Cast
2,031 In Industrial environments, AM 100 A corrodes nt a Source (1) (13) (141 (5)
rotc equivalent to most of tho other commercial mng- Condition Specimen Fcv ksl
neslllln alloys. Its rcslstanco to corrosion In murine F Cufrrom castings 11
environments, bowevor, Is generally the poorest of all T4 12
tho commercial mngnoslum alloys (18). The roslstancc TG 16
to marino environments can be markedly lmprovcci by T61 19
controlling Impurity contents to the following maximum T5 16
levels: iron 0.002 percent, nickel 0.0013 percent, and F Scpnrnto cast 12
copper 0.08 percent (17). However, these low lmpurlf;) T4 13
lcvcUI aro normally not practical under production con- TG 16
ditions. With proper surface coating, tho alloy can bo TGl 22
 IYI '::f YW I

RELEASED: JUNE 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

S.023 Impact. 3.051 Fatigue strength for permanent-mold ciiStings, Table

3.0231 Impact strength of permanent-mold cas lings, Thble 3.051.
3.0231.
Mg
TABLE 3.051
TABLE3 0231 !l<l_urce (18) 10 AI
Alloy AM100 A Jllloy AM 100 A
Form Permanent Mold cast
Form Permanent Mold Cast Ql Mn
Sourco (1) {13) (18) Fatigue Strength-kat
stress RP.tio Stress at Cvcles
{.;llllrPl' Impact - It w AM IOOA
Method A R Cooeentmlion Condition lOti 10"
condition Speclmen Kcybole NOtch No Notch .,
T4
F
Separate cast
Cut from casting
2.0
0.6
-
2.6
Rotating
Bending
-1 Smooth
Kt= 1
F
T4
16
18
l2
14
T4 2.0 17.2 T6 16 11
T6 1.0 4.6 Notched F 10 7
T61 0.7 - Kt2 T4
T6
12
11
.~

...L_;_j
3.024 Bending.
3.025 Torsion and shear. 3.06 Elastic Properties
3.0251 Shear strength of permnnmn-mold castings, Tllblc 3.061 Poisson's ratio, all conditions: 0.35 (14).
3.0251. 3.062 Modulus of elasticity, aU conditions: 6500 ksl {14).
:l.063 Modulus of rigidity, all conditioas: 2400 kat (14).
TABLE3 0251
Alloy AM 100 A
Form Permanent Mold Cast 4. FABRICATION
Source 13 5 4.01 Formability
Condition Specimen Fsu- ksi
F Cut from caslings 18
4.02 !fachinlng and Grinding
4.021 Tbis alloy, like other magnesium alloys, has exception-
T4 20
T6
ally good machlnabllit,y, which enables It to be machined
21
at high speeds and feeds (6)(8)(15). (sec HZ32A, Code
T61 22
F Separate cast 17 3408, Section 4. 021)
T4 19
T6 21 4.03 Welding
T61 22 This alloy can be rondUy joined by gas-shielded (helium
or argon) arc-welding techniques with elihcr tungsten
or consumable electrodes. Recommended filler metals
3,026 Bearing. are AZ61A or AZ92A. A post-weld stress relief or
3.0261 Bearing strength of permanent-mold castings, Table 500F for GO minutes followed by air cooling Is required
3.0261. to prevent pcsslblo stress-corrosion cracking In tho
weld area. The usc or rigid jigs is sometimes neces-
TABLE 3.0261 sary during stress 't"ellcr te prevent warpage of tho
Alloy AM 100 A \velded parts. The stress-relief treatment will not
Form Permanent Mold Cast develop rnnxlmum joint strength. For maximum
Source n~:i
strength, solution-and-ago treatment given in '!'able
(e/D = 2.5) 1. 05 Is necessary except that solution time should be
Condition Specimen Fbru ksll Fbry ksl 'reduced to 1/2 hour at 725F In order to prevent germi-
T4 Cut from casting 69 45 nation of the weld metal (4)(8)(15)(21)(22). Tnc alloy
TG1 81 I 68 can also be rcslsllUICo wcldnd, but resistance welding
Is gonorally not suitable for joints thnt arc critically
stressed or subject to vibration or Cnligue. Gas weld-
Ing Is not recommended (15) (23).
3.027 Stress conccnt:rntion.
3.0271 Notch properties. 4.04 SJrface Treatment
3.0273 Fracture teughncss. 4.041 The producing foundries normally chrome pickle tho
3.028 Combined properties. castings prior to shipment to protect them from corro-
sion and tarnish during shipment and storage (2)(3)
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures {ASTM B8D-68, 8199-68, D403-67). A suitable alter-
3.031 Tension. native Is te oU with a light corrosion-inhibiting oU I!)(~
3.0311 Stress-strain diagrams. 4.042 The following surface treatments, which have been
3.0312 Effect of temperature on tensile properties In T4 developed for magnesium alloys, can be applied to
(solution-treated) condition, Figure 3. 0312. AM 100 A to provide a good paint base as well as some
3.0313 Effect of temperature on tensUe properties In T6 degree of corrosion resistance (15)(24):
(solution-treated and aged) condition, Figure 3.0313. 1. Chrome pickle, MIL-M3171A- Type 1
3.032 Compression. 2. Dichromate, MIL-M-3171A- Type 3
3.0321 Stress-strain dl.t!grams. 3. Galvanic anodize, MIL-M-317lA- Typo 4
3.033 Impact. 4. Scaled chromo pickle, MIL-M-3171A- Typo 2
3.0331 Effect of low tempemtures on Charpy V-notch Impact 5. Anodize, MIL-M-45202
energy, Figure 3.0331. G. Dilute chromic acid, MIL-M-317lB
3.034 Bending. 7. Stannate tmmorston
3.035 Torsion and shear. 8. HAE anodize, MIL-M-45202 (ORD)
3.036 Bcnrlng. 9. Flouride anodize
3.037 stress conccntrntlon. 10. 1ridlte No. 15
3.0371 Notch propcrtios. Tho anodize and IIAE procossos are foremost In
3.0372 Fracture teughness. adherence , abrasion rcslst.mco, corrosion resistance,
3.038 Combined properties. and heat rcslstanco; they form an excoUent base !or
paints and are stable to tho melting point of magnesium.
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties 4.043 For opUmum corrosion rcslstnnce, tho above surface
treatments should be Collowed by painting. The palct
3.05 Fatigue Properties should hnvo good resistance te alkali, since higbl,
 NUNt't.RROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE 1970

alkaline environ ments are produce d at the cathode

dur-
Mg ing corrosi on. One of the best paJ.nt system s
is an
epoxy-p olyamid e primer with a topcoat of polyure
10 AI thane.
Vinyl paints are availab le that arc superio r to
phenoli cs
for coating magnes ium. Howeve r, the cpo~es
0.1 Mn more highly favored becaus e of their excelle nt
arc
resist-
ance to alkalis (15 )(24).
44 With suitable surfnce pretrea tments , high-qu ality
AM 100 A 4.0 trodcpo sits of most metals can be applied . 1\vo
clec-
pre-
trcabnc nts--zin c-imme rsion and clcctro less-ni
ckcl
proces ses--ar e used. The zinc-im mersio n procc&c
deposit s 1'1 thin layer of zinc suitable for a copper
!lash,
after which any type of electro plate can be applied
. The
clcctro lcss-ni ckcl process deposit s nickel to serve
as
finish surface or as underco at for other types
u
clectrop lat.e (15)(24).

~----~----~----~----~--~0
-200 0 200 400 GOO
TEMPE RATUR E- F

FIG. 3.0312 EFFEC T OF TEMPE RATUR E ON

TENSIL E PROPE RTIES IN CONDITION
T4 (SOLUTION-TREATED). (13)

45
1 I
AM 100 A
INVESTMENT CAST 40
40 0.252 IN DlA BARS
AM 100 A
SAND CAST
450, 425, 375, AND 325F CONDITION TG
FTU 30
35

Iii 20
:..:
~30
FTY
450F 10
25 /

~7
v425F

f-.-;: ::. ~
/
-- v- - 0
20
~ 1 0 f.< c(2 INCIIES)

~ V
325F-
~
375F 7 z
r..l
1- / 5 tJ
14soF '- -425F o(1.0 IN) l!i
0 p..
0 5 10 15 20 25 -200 0 200
AGING TIME - HOURS 400
TEMPE RATUR E- F
FIG. 1.051 EFFEC T ON TENSILE PROPE RTIES
OF FIG. 3.0313 EFFEC T OF TEMPE RATUR E ON
AGING TIME AT VARIOUS TEMPE RATUR ES TENSIL E
AFTE SOLUTION TREAT MENT. PROPE RTIES IN CONDITION T6 (SOLUTION-
(20) TREAT ED AND AGED). (14)

,r,..._
 IYI ':t Yt'

RELEASE~ JUNE 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

"_,. 3.5 1
~100A
......
.
PERMMOLDC~
~

v
3.0
I
CONDITION T4
It' REFERENCES AMIOC
2.5
1. Gantz, M. E., Gnl~:crh:k,E. 1\1., an<\ Wood, R. T.,
"l\lagnl!s!um Alloy Permanent Mold a\1d Semi-Per-
~ manent Mold Castings," Transactions AFS, Volume 61
!;:2.0 (1953) pp. 502-509.
2. AMS 4455A (May 1, 1968)
3. AMS 4483A (May 1, 1968)
4. "Heat Treatment o[ Magnesium Alloys, " ASM Metals
1.5 Handbook, 8th odition, Volume 2 (1964) pp. 292-297.
5. "Heat Treating Sand and Permanent Mole. l\lng.1eslum

1.0
--
tr ~ CONrTION T
CONDITION F

1
-r-

IE CifARPY V
-
6.

7.
"'Magnesium Technical Service Repair Manual [or
Aircraft Structures of Magnesium Sheet, Extrusions,
Forgings, and Castings," The Dow Chemical C<mpany,
Metal Product.a Department (June 23, 1967).
Castings," Form 141-35-GS, 1i10 Dow Chemical Com-
pany, Metal Products Department (June 23, 1968).
"Crucible Melting o.f Magnesium Alloys," Bulletin
0.5 100
-100 -50 0 50 No. 181-27, TI1e Dow Chemical Company, Magnesium
TEMPERATURE - F Sales Department.
FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE S ON 8. Rcconuncnded Practices [or Sand Cnstlng Aluminum
CIIARPY V-NOTCII IMPACT ENERGY. and Magnesium Alloys, IJook published iJy the American
(13) Foundrymcn's Society, 2nd edition (1965).
9. Sloncbrook, E. E., "Solidification and Ileal 1'realment
o[ Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys," Foundry, Volume
87 (September 195~) pp. 90-101.
10. Holdeman, G. E., "Metallography in the Magnesium
Foundry," T'ransaetions AFS, Volume 64 (W56) pp. 69H
708.
11. Goorge, P. F., "Mctallogrnilhy o[ Cast Magnesium
Alloys," Transactions AFS, Volume 57 (1!14~) PI' 133-
148.
12. Cast Metals Handbook, published by the American
Foundrymen's Society, 4th edition (1957) pp. 280-2~4.

13. "Designing with Magnesium," publlslwd by the

American Magnesium Corporation, subsidiary o[ Alcoa
(1945).
J.l. "Properties o[ Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals Hand-
book, Slh edition, Volume I (1961) pp. 1095-1112.
15. Hallowell, J. B., and O(ldcn, II. R., "An Introduction
to Magnesium Alloys," DMIC Report 206 (Aub~tst 26,
1964) Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio.
16. Jensen, J. W., "Damping Capacity--Cause s and
Effects,'' Light. l\letai Ago, Volume 22 (Decetr.bcr 19G4)
PI' 4-'d.
17. Hanawalt, J. D., Nelson, C. E., and PelcJiibct, J. A.,
"Corrosion Studi;,s of lllngncslum and Its Alloys,"
Metals Technology, Volume 8 TP No. 1353 (September
1941).
18. Hanawalt, J. D., Nelson, C. E., nnd Busk, R. S.,
"Properties nnd Characteristics of Common Mngnesium
Casting Alloys," TransncUons AFS, Volume 53 (1945)
pp. 77-86.
19. "Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals Hand-
book, Volume I (1961) pp. 1086-1094.
20. llcrrick, K., "'Magnesium- Base Alloys, Investment
Cast Properties," Transactions AFS, Volume 69
(1961) pp. 179-188.
21. "SolccUon and Application of Magnesium nnd 1\lagnoslum
Alloys," ASM Metals Handbook, Volume I (1961)
pp. 1067-1086.
22. "Arc Welding Magnesium," Form No. 141-300-67,
Tho Dew Chemical Company, Metal Products Depart-
ment (1965).
23. "Resistance Welding Magnesium," Form No. 141-304-
66, The Dew Chemical Company, Metal Products
Department (1966).
24. "Magnesium Finishing," Form No. 141-288-67, The
Dow Chemical Company-, Metal Products Department
(1967).
 MgWN
REVISED JUNE 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AUTHOR: J. R. KATTUS

1. GENERAL 1.07 Forms and Conditions Available

G]
This nonheat treatable magnesium illoy Is widely pro- Table 1.07.
duced and used In wrought form because It has good
TABLE 1 07
mechanical properties along with excellent formability. Alloy
ns strength deteriorates rapidly with increasing temp-
AZ31B I
Source 9
eratures; 350 F Is the maximum temperature at which It
should be used. It has good weldabllity by Inert-gas-
Form Condition Thickness - Inches n
nat sheet and 0 (fully annealed) 0.010 to 3.000
shielded-arc techniques and also by resistance spot
plate
welding. Flat sheet and H24 (strain hard- AZ318
plate ened and partiaily 0. Q10 to 3.000
1. 01 Commercial Designation
nnneaied)
AZ31B. Flat shL'Ct and 1126 (strain hard-
plate cned and partlaily 0. 016 to 2. 000
1. 02 Alternate Designation
anneaiedl
AZ31 Coiled sheet 0 o. 032 too. 250
Coiled sheet H24 0.032 to 0.250
1.03 Specifications
Table 1.03.
Tooling plate - 0.250 to 6.000
Extrusions F(as extTUded) -
Forgings F (as forged) -
TABLE 1 03
Alloy AZ31B 1. 08 Melting and Casting Practice
Forms Specifications AZ31B, ns well as other magnesium ailoys for wrought
AMS 4375 F (0 Condition) products, nrc normaily melted and alloyed In steel
AMS 43770 (1124 Condition) crucibles under nux In gas-fired or oil-fired furnaces
Sheet and AMS 437GC (H2G Condition) wtd cast into Ingot mold~ up to about 28 Inches in din-
plate ASTM B90 meter.
MIL- F-46048 (Tread plate)
MIL-T-38749 (Tooling plate) 1.09 Special Considerations
Federal QQ-M-44b 1.091 Material in the H24 and 1126 conditions loses room. temp-
SAE 510 erature streugth as a result of exposures to tompora-
ASTM B107 turcs above 300 F, the time required for strength dcter-
Federal QQ-M-31b (rods, bars, shapes) loratlon decreasing with increasing temperature. The
Extrusions Fodera! WW- T-825a (tubes) maximum exposure times at various temperatures with-
SAE 510 out dctcriOl"ation of room temperature proporties are
ASTM B91 shown In Table 1. 091.
Forgings Federal QQ-M-40b (1) TABLE 1 091
Alloy AZ31B
\. __ Condition 1124
Source (10)
Maximum Time Temperature
minutes F
1. 04 Composition 0.3 500
Table 1.04. 1 435
2 410
3 395
4 385
TABLE 1 04 5 370
Alloy AZ31B 10 360
Source (1)(2)(3) (4)(5)(6) 30 345
Percent Percent 60 325
Element Minimum Maximum 1\finimum Maximum
Aluminum 2.5 3.5 2.5 3.5 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Zinc 0.7 1.3 O.G 1.4
Manganese
Silicon
0.20
-
-
0.10
0.20
-- -
0.10
2.01
2.011
Thermal Properties
Molting range. 1120-1170F (11).
Copper - 0.05 0.05 2.012 Phase ch:mgcs. None.
Calcium - 0.04 - 0.04 2.0121 Tlme-tcmpcrature-tr :msformntlon diagrams.
Nickel
lron
-
-
0.005
0.00&
-
-
0.005
0.005
2.013
2.014
Thermal conductivity, Figure 2. 013.
Thermal cxpwtslon, Figure 2.014.
Others, total
Magnesium
-Balance
0.30 -
Balance
0.30 2.015
2.016
Specific heat, Figure 2. 015.
Thermal dlffuslvity, Figure 2.016.

Other Physical Properties

Density, 0.0642 lb per cu in (9).
Electrical properties, Table 2. 022.
TABLE 2 022
1.05 Heat Treatment(?) Alloy AZ31B
1.051 Full anneal, 0 condition: 650 F 1 hr, air cool. Cond!Uun 1' H24
1.052 Partial anneal after strain hardening to H24 or H2G con- Source (9)
ditions, 1126 Indicating a slightly higher dcgrc" of cold Elcctrlcni Conductivity Electrical
work: 300F, 1 hr, air cool. Tcmpcrnturc - F percent mc~os Resistivity
1.053 Stress relief after welding and after forming: for mat- JACS ncr in3 microhm In
erial In 0 and F conditions, 500 F 15 min, air cool; for 68 18.8 0.276 3.62
material in 1124 and H26 conditions,300F 1 hr, air cool. 100 18.2 0.268 3.74
200 16.8 0.247 4.06
1.06 Hardness (8) 300 15.8 0.232 4.31
1.061 ~ns, F condition: BHN 49 400 14.4 0.212 4.73
1.062 Forgings, F condition: BHN 55 500 13.3 0.197 5.09
MgWN
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED JUNE 1971

2.023 Magnetic properties, nonmagnetic. b. Suitable protective treatments arc applied.

D
2.024 Emittance, Figure 2. 024. c. A device Is usoo to lnareasc the resistance of the
2.025 Damping capacity. At a stress equal to 0.1 Fty the galvanic cell.
I specific damping capacity Is 6.5, which Is a medium d. The galvanic cell Is Inhibited by chemical means.
level compared with other magnesium nlloys (15).
n Gcnernlly, the copper containing aluminum alloys are
2.03 Cbemlcnl Properties not compatible with magnesium nor arc those containing
2.031 Corrosloo resistance. high .unoWlts of Iron la.purlty. Mild steel, stainless
AZ31B 2.0311 AZ31B, like other magnesium alloys, Is subject to cor- steel, titanium, CDpfJer, m(nel, and similar materinls
rosion (Figure 2.0311) and as!IOclated loss of strength are not compatible :u: d will corrode magnesium alloys
(Table 2.0311) In industrinl, marine, and moist environ- galvanically. Some disslmllar mctnls considered to be
ments. Wlth suttnl>le surface treatment and painting, compatible With magnesium alloys arc high purity alumi-
It performs satisfactorily In nil types of natural envir- num and alloys 5052, 5053, 5056, 6061, and 6063 (8)(17).
onments with the exception of continuous Immersion In 2.0313 AZ31B and other magnesium nlloys arc subject to stress
water (17). corrosion In air, fresh water, sea water, and many
other snit solutions. The threshold stress, rate of
TABLE2 0311 crack growth, and time to failure vary widely With the
Alloy_ AZ31B environment. AZ31B sheet In U1e H24 and 1126 conditiorE
Source (17) are more resistant than the annealed matcrlnl. Stress
Original Percent change after relief after forming and welding Is very Important In
Surface Prororties 4 years In Industrial minimizing stress-corro. n cr~cklng (18)(19).
Condition Treatment Ftu c(2 In) atmosphere 2.032 Safety precautions should L directed to the prevention
ksl percent Ftu e(21n) of fires, burns, and cxploHions (Gee JIZ32A, Code 3408,
F none 51.6 11.8 -15 -16 Section 2.032).
0 none 36.0 22.2 -19 -15
H24 none 41.3 27.2 -13 -25 2.04 Nuclear Properties
1120 no no 44.1 12.7 -17 -45
H26 chrome 45.2 9 .. 5 -17 -37
pickle
!l. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Specified Mechanical Properties

Table 3.01.
TABLE 3 01
Alloy AZ.11B
Thickness or s;mclmon Ftu FtY.-ksl e(21n) F0 y-ksl
Condition Form Source Diameter - In Orlcnl.ation ksi mm min min
o. 016-0.060 32-40 18 12 -
0.060-0.500 tension not 32-40 15 12 -12
0 sheet and
plate
(1) 0.063-0.249
o. 249-2.000
specified,
compression
-
-
-
-
-- 10
0.500-2.000
2.000-3.000
longitudinal 32-40
32-40
15
15
10
9
- 8
Ftu-ksl
min
0.016-0.249 39 29 6 -
1124 sheet wtd (3)
0. 063-0. 249 tension not - - - 24
0.249-0.374 specified, 38 26 8 20
plate 0.374-0.500 compression 37 :l4 8 }(;
0.506-1.000 longitudinal 36 22 8 l3
1.000-2.000 34 20 8 ll'
2. 000-3.000 34 18 8 9
0.250-0.374 tension not 39 27 6 22
0.374-0.438 spuc!Oed, - - - 21
0. 438-0.500 compression - -2G -6 18

H2G shoot and (2)

0. 37 4-0.500
o.soo-o. 750
longitudinnl 38
37 25 6
-17
plate o. 750-1.000 37 23 6 16
1. 000-1. 500 35 22 6 15
1.500-2.000 35 21 6 14
up to 0.249 35 21 7 -
extruded bars, o. 250-1.499 35 22 7 -
rods, and (6) 1.500-2.499 longitudinnl 34 22 7 -
shapes 2.500-4.999 32 20 7 -
extruded tubes 0.028-0.250 32 16 8 -
F land hollow shapes (6) 0.251-0.750 longitudinal 32 16 4 -
forgings (7) all Iongl tiiilfu:il 34 19 G -
2.0312 Magnesium alloys, In gcncrnl, have the highest t>lectro- 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
ncgative potential of the common structural metals, and 3.021 Tension.
they exhibit only a sllght tendency to polarize anodically 3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams (soc Figures 3.03111, 3.03112,
In snit solutions. As a result, AZ."l1B as well as other and 3. 03113).
magnesium nlloys In electrical contact with othor motnls 3.0212 Effect or thickness on tensile properties or sheet and
can BUffer severe galvn.n.ic corrosion in molst environ- pinto, Figure 3.0212.
ments unless ono or more of tho following prcvontive 3.0213 Effect or exposures at elevated temperatures on tensile
measures are tnken: properties at room temperature of sheet In 1124 condi-
tion, Figure 3.0213.
a. A dissimilar metnl With galvanic compatnlllllty with 3.0214 Effect of rolling temperature on the tensile properties or
mnO'nPAtnm tA A"l,.,..tAIL aJ.on.nt -...11.v1 tn ')n ................ t .......t ..... H,.... t"''C .......,. "J n.,, A
 Effect of ro!llng temperature on the tensile properties of 3.022 Compression.

D
3.0215
sheet rolled to 40 percent reduction, Figure 3. Ci215. 3.0221 stress-strain diagrams (see Figures 3.03211 and
3.0216 Typical tensile properties of extrusions in F condition 3.03212).
in section sizes up to 5. 0 inches 3.0222 Effect of thickness on compressive yield strength or I
Ftu = 38.0 ksi Fty =28.5 ksi e(2 in) =14.5 (9). sheet and plate, Figure 3. 0222.
3.0217 Typical tensile proP~rties of forgings in F condition 3.0223 Effect of exposures at elevated temperatures on com- n
Ftu = 3~.0 ksi Fty = 28.0 ksi e(2 in)= 9.0 (9). pressive yield strength at room temperature of sheet in
3.0218 Tensile properties at various locations in brake wheel H24 condition, Figure 3.0223.
forging in different conditions, Table 3.0218. 3.0224 Typica! compressive strength of extrusions in F condi- AZ31B
tion in section size ~p to 5. 0 inches
Fey= 14.2 ksl (9).
3.0225 Typical compressive strength of forgings In F condition
Fey= 12 ksi (9).
TABLE 3 0218 3.0226 Effect of orientation and forging reduction on compres-
Alloy AZ31B sive strength of roll forged rings, Table 3.0226.
Form 20.5 lb Brake Wheel Forging
Source 21 TABLE 3 0226
Condition Test Location Fty-ksl Ftu-ksi e(2 in) Alloy AZ31B
1 Rim Tang, ntial 25.9 39.3 18.0 Condition F
6 Center Trutgential 23.7 38.1 18.4 Form Roll Forged
As hot forged 2 Radial 21.1 37.8 18.0 Source (22)
3 Radial 24.5 38.2 16.6 Specimen ~orging Re-
Fer
4 Ce,;:"r VP.rtical 14.8 35.9 18.0 Orientation duction - percent ks -
5 Rim Vertical 17.1 36.2 11.6 20 12
1 Rim Tangential 29.0 40.6 16.6 Tnngcntial 40 12
6 Center Tangential 27.2 41.4 17.6 60 12
Hot forged and cold 2 Radial 28.4 40.5 18.0 20 11
finished 3 Radial 23.3 38.8 15.2 Axial 40 11
4 Center Vertical 21.7 37.2 12.2 60 11
5 Rim Vertical 17.9 36.3 9.2 20 14
1 Rim Tangential 30.0 39.7 14.0 Radial 40 14
6 Center Tangential 24.8 38.7 16.0 60 18
Hot forged and aged 2 Radial 23.8 38.3 13.0
48 hours at 300 F 3 Radial 25.9 36.7 9.0
4 Center Vertical 15.1 36.7 15.0 3.023 Impact (see Figure 3. 0331).
5 Rim Vertical 20.4 34.6 14.0 3.024 Bending.
1 Rim Tangential 28.5 39.9 15.0 3.025 Torsion and shear.
6 Center Tangential 29.8 39.7 15.0 3.0251 Effect of thickness on shear strenb'th of sheet and plate,
Hot forged, cold 28.1 40.3 15.0
2 Radial Figure 3. 0251.
finished, and aged 8.0
3 Radial 26.7 37.7 3.0252 Typical shear strengU1 of extrusions in F condition in
48 hours at 300 F 14.0
4 Center Vertical 20.4 36.1 sections up to 5.0 inches: Fsu = 19 ksl (9).
5 Rim Vertical 18.0 34.0 8.0 3.0253 Typical shear strength of forgings In F condition:
Fsu = 19 ksl (9).

~ 3.026 Bearing.
h6'\

~
,.,
[;;::
ffi r-4
3.0261

3.0262
Effect of thickness on bcarl:!g properties
of sheet and plate, Figure 3. 0261.
Typical bearing (c/d 2.5) properties of extrusions in

~
11. F condition in sections up to 5. 0 im hes: Fbru =56 ksl
5---<:
~~ ~ 3.0263
Fbry = 34 ksl (9).
Typical bearing (e/d = 2.5) properties of forgings In F
(?;L. f::-::-. Vj
--.:::w condition: ~ru = 70 ksi Fbry =36 ksi (9).
3__/ 3,027 Stress concentration.
3.0271 Notch properties.
3.0272 Fracture toug!mess.
3.028 Combined properties.

3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures

3.031 Tension.
Effect of orientation and forging reduction on tensile 3.0311 Stress-strain diagrams.
3.0219
properties of roll forged rings, Table 3.0219. 3.03111 Effects of elevated temperature exposure on stress-
strain curves for sheet In 0 condition, Figure 3. 03111.
3. 03112 Effects of elevated temperature exposure on stress-
TABLE 3 0219 strain curves for sheet in H24 condition, Figure 3. 03112
Alloy AZ31B 3.03113 Complete stress-strain curves at low temperatures,
Conwton F Figure 3.03113.
Form Roll Forged 3. 0312 Elevated temperature tensile propcrLies of sheet In
Source (22) H24 condition a!tr.r various exposure Limes from one
Forging half to 1000 hours at temperature, Figure 3.0312.
Specimen Reduction Ftu- ksi Fty- ksl e(2 in) 3.0313 Low temperature properties of sheet tensile specimens
Orientation percent percent in H24 condition, both wtwelded and with gas tWlgsten
20 32 24 9 .. nrc butt welds transverse to the gage length, Figure
Tangential 40 36 2G 11 3. 0313.
60 37 27 11 3. 0314 Effects of temperature ou tensile properties of sheet In
20 34 15 12 H24 condition at rapid strain rates niter rapid heating
Axial 40 34 20 12 and short holding times at temperature, Figure 3. 0314.
flO 36 23 12 3. 0315 Effects of strain rate en tensile propertit's of sheet In
20 32 9 11 H24 condition at various temperatures, Figure 3. 0315.
Radial 40 36 9 13 3.0316 Effects of strain rate on tensile properties of sheet in
60 39 12 15 0 condition at various temperatures, Figure 3.0316.

CODE 3601
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED JUNE 1971

Effects of strain rate on tensile properties of extrusions 3.06 Elastic Properties

in F condition at various temperatures, Figure 3.0317. 3.061 Poisson's ratio. 0.35 (9).
Low temperature tensile properties of extrusions and 3.062 Modulus of elasticity, Figure 3.062.
sheet, Figure 3. 0318. 3.063 Modulus of rigidity. 2. 4 x 103 ksi.
Elevated temperature tensile strength of extrusions, 3.064 Tangent modulus curves in compression for sheet in 0
Figure 3. 0319. condition, Figure 3. 064.
Compression. 3.065 Tangent modulus curves in compression for sheet in
stress-strain diagrams. H24 condition, Figure 3.065.
Effect of elevated temperature exposure on stress-
strain curves in compression for sheet in 0 condition,
Figure 3. 03211. 4. FABRICATION
3.03212 Effect of elevated temperature exposure on stress- 4.01 Formability.
strain curves in compression for sheet in H24 condition, 4.011 AZ31B is one of the most formable of the magnesium
Figure 3.03212. alloys. The methods and equipment used arc the same
3. 0322 Elevated temperature compressive yield strength, type commonly used for other metals. IJkc other mag-
Figure 3. 0322. nesium alloys, the room temperature formabill ty of
3.033 Impact. AZ31B is limited to relatively mild deformation around
3. 0331 Charpy impact properties at low temperatures, Figure generous radii. It becomes very workable at elevated
3.0331. temperatures, optimum formabillty being achieved at
3.034 Bending. temperatures above 400F. The formabillty at 400 to
3.035 Torsion and shear. GOOF is so improved that more severe working is pos-
3. 0351 Effect of temperature and exposure time on shear sible in this temperature range, in most operations,
strength, Figure 3.0351. than in most other metals at room temperature. In
3.03G Bearing. order to prevent deterioration in strength during hot
3. 03G1 Effects of temperature and exposure time on bearing forming opemtions, it is important not to exceed cs-
properties, Figure 3. 03G1. t"J.blished temperature limit.l as given in Table 4. 011.
3.037 stress concentration. Stress relieving, as gi~cr. in section 1. 053, is recom-
3.0371 Notch properties. mended to reduce residu.U stresses induced by cold and
3.0372 Fracture toughness. hot forming (7)(9)(10)(37)(38).
3.038 Combined properties. TABLE 4 011
Alloy AZ31B
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties Source (37)(10)
3.041 Total creep strain curves for sheet In 0 condition, Max Forming Mux Time at
Figure 3. 041. Condition Form Temp- F Temp- hr
3.042 lbtal creep strain curves for sheet in H24 condition, H24 Sheet and 300* 1
Figure 3. 042. plate
3.043 Total creep strain curves for extrusions in F condition, 0 Sheet and 550 1
Figure 3. 043. plate
3.044 Short time total strain curves at 300 to GOOF for sheet in F Extrusions 550 1
H24 condition, Figure 3.044. * Higher temperatures may be used with shorter maxi-
mum times at temperature as shown in Table 1. 091
3.05 Fatigue Properties
3.051 Fatigue strength of extrusions and sheet, Table 3.051.
4.02 Machining and Grinding
4.021 This alloy, like other magnesium alloys has exzeption-
ally good machinability, which enables it to be machined
at high speeds and feeds. For furtilCr details, see
TABLE 3 051
HZ32A, Code 3408, Section 4. 021.
Source (32)
4.022 The alloy can be chcm-milled with sulfuric, nitric, or
Form (a) Extrusions (b) Sheet
by hydrochloric acid of 5 percent strength or greater
Condi- Temp Stresb Stress Fatigue strength - ksi
(39).
tion ~- Method Ratio Concan- at Cycles
A R tration 105 lOG 107 108
4.03 Welding
(a) F RT Rot w -1 Smooth 23 to 21 to 19 to 17 to AZ31B has excellent weldabillty by arc and electric-
4.031
beam Kt X 1 29 26 23 21
resistance methods. In arc welding the al'C shonld be
(b) 0 Ucv
bend
w -1 As rolled 18 to 15 to 14 to
22 17 16
- shielded with argon or helium gas, nnd cith~r tungsten
or consumable electrodes may be used. AZ92A and
(b) H24 19 to 16 to 14 to - AZG1A magnesium alloys arc sultnble flller metals.
25 20 17
Electric-resistance welding methods that may be used
(a) F RT Direct 0.60 0.25 Smooth 23 to 22 to 20 to - include spot, seam, and flash welding. Spot welding
stress Kt = 1 28 25 24 is used to the greatest extent. Joining methods other
(b)O As rolled 20 to 19 to 18 to - than spot welding should be used in applications that in-
24 22 21 volve vibrating stresses. Fusion welded, riveted,
(b) H24 As rolled 22 to 20 to 19 to - bolted, and adhesive bonded joints all have fatigue
27 24 23 r.trcngth superior to spot welded joints. Welded parts
Source (33) should be stress relieved in accordance with the proce-
(a) H24 RT Rot w -1 Smooth 24.3 22 19 - dure in section 1. 053 for the following reasons: (9)(40)
-320F beam Kt = 1 32.7 28 25 - a. to prevent stress corrosion cracking
r,rr- INotcnca 14 10 1:! - b. to obtain a stress-free assembly
-320F f<t=3.4 16.5 12 10 - c. to facilitate sizing and straightening
d. tc provide dimensional stability
Some properties of welded joints arc shown In Figure
3.0313.

4.04 Surface Trcaiment

3.052 stress-range diagrams for sheet in the 0 and H24 condi- 4.041 The various wrought products are normally oiled by the
tions, Figure 3.052. producer with a light corrosion Inhibiting oil for protec-
3.053 stress range diagr:un for forgings at 90 percent survival tion during shipment and storage (1)(2)(3).
level, Figure 3. 053. 4.042 Sec l!Z.12A, Code 3408, section 4. 042 and 4. 043.
"'-~._..,. u..,.-.~ ,_,., 1

2.0
AZ31B I I
SHEET AND PLATE
H24 AND 0 CONDITIONS-- '--"
1.9 AZ318
!--""

200 400 600

1. 8 /
I
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 2.013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY. (9)

7

1. 6
l
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 2.016 THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY (9)

...
0::
~
Azh1B

- - ---
-- --
,. 16
ME'.w COEFtiCIENT
6

-v
2S THERMAL EXPANSION
0:: ~~
re 14 ---~
y-- v--
~/ FROM ROOM TEMPERATURE TO
6 TEMPERATURE INDICA TED
2S
"'1:,.... 12 !;
---(12)
- L } (13)
--T
I ,.
10
-200 0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION. (12)(13)

0.3
AZ31B
SHEET

AZ31B
0.32 / AFTER REPEATED HEATING AND

/ COOLING TO 450F

y
/.
~

0.1 - ~ K L I S H ED
v-- --
0.20
0 200 400 GOO 1100 1000 -400 -200 0 200 400 600
TEMPERATURE- F TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 2.015 SPECIFIC HEAT. (9) FIG. 2.024 TOTAL NORMAL EMITTANCE. (14)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED JUNE 1971

I
D
AZ31B AZ31B
PLATE SHEET
0 CONDITION H24 CONDITION
I 1:>. IMMERSION IN SEA WATER AT MEAN TID
n e CONTINUOUS IMMERSION IN SEA WATER 200 AND 250F EXPOSURES
0 CONTINUOUS IMMERSION IN FRESH WAT 40

~ -
A EXPOSURE TO MARINE ATMOSPHERE
FTU 300F
AZ318 D EXPOSURE TO INLAND ATMOSPHERE 400F

36
!GOOF
- :JOoF

I
200 AND 250F EXPOSURES
32

~
2B
l~ 300F

FTY

--
400F
1\
24
1--
~ 500F
GOOf

!-< 20
20

II/?'"
- GOOF
~
400F .../
OOF

~
2 4 6 8 z
~~
'-l 300F
YEARS EXPOSED 0

FIG. 2.0311 CORROSION IN VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTS.

"'
'-l
p.. c(2 IN) 200F
(1G) 100 200 400 GOO 800 1000
EXPOSURE TIME- HOURS

42
lza1B I FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF EXPOSURES AT ELEVATED
TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
\ 'H'ET ANO 'LAT' AT UOOM TEMPERATURE OF SHEET IN H24

1.
1124 CONDITIO~~
A H2G CONDITION
CONDITION. (9)

40
" 0 CONDITION
~~ _. FTU

36
~

501---
r:J 32

2B
\\\\
~1----- FTY

..
24 ........

t:::--.
20
25
c(21N)

A "... ~ -- -<
I'-.
5
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
o--
TffiCKNESS -. INCHES 0~--~---L--~---~--~
0 200 400 GOO 800
ROLLING TEMPERATURE- F
FIG. 3.0212 EFFECT OF THICKNESS ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OFSIIEET AND PLATE. (9)
FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF ROLLING TEMPERATURE ON
NOTE: Data arc based on the lowest strength orien- THE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET
tation whether longltudlnnl or transversa. ROLLED TO 20 PERCENT REDUCTION. (20)
 REVISED JUNE 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

<
, __
26 t-AZ31B
SHEE~l
H24 CONDITION
1 3
Mg
AI
200 AND 250F EXPOSURES
24
Zn

~40 22 1\ 300F
AZ31B

20

FCY

18
\.___ 400F

"''-
500F
!.;
"'
0
~----~~~--r-~
16
ffiJo~----~~.~--
p,
600F

14
0 200 400 GOO 800 1000
0~----~----~----~----~~ EXPOSURE TIME - HOURS
0 200 400 600 800
ROLLING TEMPERATURE- F
FIG. 3.0223 EFFECT OF EXPOSURES AT ELEVATED
FIG. 3.0215 EFFECT OF ROLLING TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURES ON CCM PRESS!VE YIELD
ON THE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF STRENGTH AT ROOM TEMPERATURE OF
SHEET IN H24 CONDITION. (9)
SHEET ROLLED TO 40 PERCENT
REDUCTION. (20)

AZ31B
26 1-4~---t-------~-----+--- SHEET AND PLATE

30
AZ31B 1
SHEET AND PLATE
eH24 CONDITION
A H26 CONDITION
0 CONDITION e H24 CONDITION

28 \ A H2G CONDITION
0 CONDITION -

\
""
Fsu

~ 26
--\ 0..__... :--......

24

0.5 1. 0 1. 5 2. 0 2.5 3.0

22
0 0. 1.0 1.5 2.0
I 2.5 3.0
TlllCKNESS- INCHES TlllCKNESS- INCIIES

FIG. 3.0222 EFFECT OF THICKNESS ON COM;:>HESS!VE YIELD FIG. 3.0251 EFFECT OF Tli!CKNESS ON SHEAR STRENGTH OF
STRENGTH OF SHEET AND PLATE. (9) SHEET AND PLATE. (9)

NOTE: Data are based on the lower strength orienta- NOTE: Dat:L arc based on the lower strength orien-
tion whether longitudinal or transverse. tation whether longitudinal or l.r!LnBversc.
 I~UNf"t:.t'{t'{UU~ ~LLVT ~ Kt. Vl:::it.U oiUI'U::. 1:1 f I

~~
lza1n .1
SHEET AND PLATE
0

li___ij 70
>6
"'-'"
...&.

r---.::
...........
Fnnu

AZ318 ~
60

e H24 CONDITION
1126 CONDITION
0 CONDITION
!ii 50
:.:

~
FBRY
e/D= 2.5
40

~ ~
30 I
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
THICKNESS- INCHES

FIG. 3.0261 EFFECT OF TIUCKNESS ON BEARING PROPERTIES

OF SHEET AND PLATE. {9)

NOTE: Data arc based on !he lower strength orienta- 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010
tion whether longitudinal or transverse. STRAIN- INCH PER INCH

FIG. 3.03112 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE

EXPOSURE ON STRES5-STRA1N CUHVES
FOR SHEET IN H24 CONDITION. (24)(25)

70
Abn I
/ -424F
I 0 CONDITION
SHEET
60

25
AZ31B
0.064 INCH SIIEET ----t-----=::==--i
0 CONDITION RT 50 I v/ -323F

20
200F
40
/; ~ - f- -109F

T7 vL--- --- L---- ~

BOF

20
I?
10

TENSION

0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0

STRAIN- INCH PER INCH 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
STRAIN- PERCENT
FIG. 3.03111 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
EXPOSURE ON STRE5S-STRA1N CURVES FIG. 3.03113 COMPLETE STRES5-STRAIN CURVES AT LOW
FOR SHEET IN 0 CONDITION. (23)(24) TEMPERATURES. (26)

CODE ':l,hOI
 REVISED: JUNE 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

''--' 50

40

30

~
~
20

FTY - 1/2 HOUR

TO 1000 HOURS 50
10

40
0
120

30
80 ~
~
f-<
z~
0 40
II:
~ 40
"'
30
0
0 100
200 300 400 500 GOO
TEMPERATURE - F ~
FIG. 3.0312 ELEVATED TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES ~ 20 HOLDING TIME 0
I
OF SHEET IN H24 CONDITION AFTER VARIOUS 0 <;! A 10 SEC
><
EXPOSURE TIMES FROM ONE HALF TO 1000 HOURS
AT TEMPERATURE. (9)(27)
...
-<
~ 1/2 HR

10

I
' AZ31B
SHEET

""' H24 CONDITION - t--

60
"-., AZ61A WELD ROD

50
~
FTU ~
~~ ~ r----
t:

-- --- r-:::::::::f==::::::
~40
~ .... .... "'* 100 200 300 400 500
TEMPERATURE- F
---!! f---' ~
30 FTY FIG. 3.0314 EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
... -
--- --.---
-- ..
PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN H24 CONDITION
AT RAPID STRAIN RATES AFTER RAPID

--
HEATING AND SHORT HOLDING TIMES AT
20 TEMPERATURE. (28)
:---.A.

10
20
eBASE METAL
WELD BEAD ON
l.---
--
WELD BEAD GROUND FLUSH

0
,.,
-400
-300 -200
..
TEMPERATURE - F
e(2 IN)

-100 0
~
100
~

- ~

FIG. 3.0313 LOW TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES OF SHEET TEN-

SILE SPECIMENS IN H24 CONDITION, BOTH UNWELD-
ED AND WITH GAS TUNGSTEN-ARC BUTT WELDS
TRANSVERSE TO THE GAGE LENGTH. (9)(27)
IVIgVVI'I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED JUNE 1971

AZ31B
SHEET
H24 CONDITION
75F
40!----~~~~==-=~====~~====~~

AZ318

-
t il
::<:
300F

~ 10 I
,... A7..31B
400F
"" 500F
40
SHEET
0 CONDITION 75F
GOOF
0.001 0.01 0.1 1.0 10.0
STRAIN RATE- IN PER IN PER MIN

FIG. 3.0315 EFFECTS OF STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE PROP-

ERTIES OF SHEET IN H24 CONDITION AT
VAJUOUS TEMPERATU RES. (9)
~
~20~~~~=-----+-------~~~~--~

""

0~~-L-- ------~ --------~

------~1.0 10.0
0.01 0.1
STRAIN RATE - INCHES PER INCH PER MINUTE

FIG. 3.0316 EFFECTS OF STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE PROPER-

TIES OF SHEET IN 0 CONDITION AT VARIOUS
TEMPERATU RES. (9)
 REVISED JUNE 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\_....

D
...'za1B
'\
60
- ~ I

50
,.. ~~ AZ31B
n

~ ~ f:::::-.o._
~
FTU

~
! ~
FTY
~ r-.....
- - --
30 ~-.;

~
~t - -
AZ31B
EXTRUSIONS 20
F CONDITION
0 EXTRUSIONS, F CONDITION
eSHEET, 0 CONDITION
30

I
200F

v
c(2 IN)

~
v ~

10

- ._~
p=-- ~

0::
0 l
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
TEMPEHATURE- F

FIG. 3.0318 LOW TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF EX-

0~------+-~~~~-------r~~--~ TRUSIONS AND SHEET. (9)
30~---~~----+----~---~

J:

0~~~
0.001 0.01 0.1 1.0 10.0
STRAIN RATE - IN PER IN PER MIN

FIG. 3.0317 EFFECTS OF STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE PROP- 301---+---J.___:~-+----1----l-----1

ERTIES OF EXTRUSIONS IN F CONDITION AT
VARIOUS TEMPERATURES. (9)

~20

oL-----L-----L-----~----~----~----J
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0319 ELEVATED TEMPERATURE TENSILE STRENGTH OF

EXTRUSIONS. (9)
MgWN
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED JUNE 1971

28

D
EXPOSURE AZ31B AZ31k
20 --1/2 TO 1000 HR---+ 0.054 INCH SHEET 0.....
~
- - 3 YEARS
I
24
n

AZ318 20
"" ~24 CONDITION

~10~-.h~r---r-=~~--
:<: 0 CONDITION
\ \
FCY
16

~
lil 12 - F CONDITION
~ ~

~
~
:<:

0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010

STRAIN - INCH PER INCH
8
~
~
FIG. 3.0S211 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
EXPOSURE ON STRES5-STRAJN CURVES
IN COMPRESSION FOR SHEET IN 0 CONDI- 4
TION. (23)(24)

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 GOO
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0322 ELEVATED TEMPERATURE COMPRESSIVE YIELD

STRENGTH. (29)

AZ31B
G
0.064 INCH SHEET
AzalB
25 H24 CONDITION
EXPOSURE
--1/2 TO
5
v
I
4
/
/
-
15 PLATE

~
Ill
.:I
!;: 3
0 CONDITION
'.-/ /
10 FORGING
F CONDITION
2
0 V NOTCII

e KEYHOLE NOTCII
1

STRAIN- INCH PER INCH

0
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
FIG. 3.03212 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE- F
EXPOSURE ON STRESS-STRAIN CURVES IN
COMPRESSION FOR SHEET IN H24 CONDITION. FIG. 3.0331 CHARPY IMPACT PROPERTIES AT LOW
(24)(25) TEMPERATURES. (26)(29)
 tvlgWI\1
REVISED JUNE 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

' - ' 20
1
AZ31B
~ 0.188 IN SHEET
.!.
CONDITION
10 1- EXPOSURE
e1/2 HOUR ............
01000 HOURS Fsu
~)

..
0
~ AZ31B

.,,. ld
20
H24 CONDITION

10
- r--- -
(

..... 20
SHEET
0 CONDITION
~ PERCFNT
10 H-
0 0.2
0 100 200 300 400 500 GOO
5
TEMPERATURE- F
0.1
FIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND EXPOSURE TIME 200F
ON SHEAR STRENGTH. (23)(30)

1
20

-- ~-
10 1.0-
--.:::::::: 0.5
5

- - r - - ;--- 0.2
0.1
't50F
.,.,
I

1
[;l2o

--
[;;
~
10
r..:::::
~1--
5
----- - - F=::r---~
r-- ~ 0.5
1.0

1
300F
t-...._ 0,2
20
350F
10

~ r-
5
---
!'---..___
-1.0
...... --u.s
-

lr-----_ ............... 0.2

0.1
10 100 1000
TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.041 TOTAL CREEP STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET lN

0 CONDITION. (9)

20 EXPOSURE -----l-----1--_,.,~"""'=-',._,li----l

~ ~~~OH:R } c/D =1. 5

3YRSATRT e/0=2.0
0~----~------~----~----~------~----~
0 100 200 300 400 500 GOO
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.03G1 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURES AND EXPOSURE

TIME ON BEARING PROPERTIES. (23)(24)(30)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED JUNE 1971

AZ318 0.1
200F

2~F=====~==~======~=*======4=~

1.0
0.5
0.2
0.1
I

!10~------4---+-------4---+-------+--1 AZ31B I
T
~ EXTRUSIONS
F CONDITION
fll 300F 20
PERCENT
1.0
10 0.5

0.2

----
5

200F 0.1

350F 1
20

10 1.0
t---- ---.....: 0.5
5
-......:..

----
0.2

1 10
TIME- HOURS
100 1000 ~ 250F 0.1
I

FIG. 3.042 TOTAL CREEP STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET IN !1:201

1124 CONDITION. (9)
"' 10
-1---
-
- ._t---,--=:
5

1
20
1-----t---
300F
---
r-----
1---
I--

1---
1---
t----_

~
1-----
- 1.0
0.5

0.2
0.1

10

~ r-- - 1 .0.50
5

---- I-

t--- t-
t--- t--- t-
0.2
0.1
350F

10 100 1000
TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.043 TOTAL CREEP STRAIN CURVES FOR EXTRUSIONS

IN F COZ:DITION. /9\
 ..... '.::t ..... ~

REVISED JUNE 1971 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

( .
'....._...
)

AZ31B

5 10 15 20 25 30
MEAN STRESS- KSI

FIG. 3.053 STRESS RANGE DlAGRAM FOR FORGlNGS AT 90

PERCENT SURVIVAL LEVEL. (33)
2

0.8~------~------~~-._~~~------~

o.gr---~-0~~----~~------+-------~

~
0
4 oO CONDITION
0
eH24 CONDITION
:::
I
500F 100 200 300 500 600
2~------~------~------~------~ TEMPERATURE- F
0.001 0.01 0.1 10
TIME- HOURS
FIG. 3.062 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY. (35)
FIG. 3.044 SHORT TIME TOTAL STRAIN CURVES AT 300
TO GOOF FOR SHEET lN H24 CONDITION. (31)

EXPOSURE
A7..31B --1/2 TO
SHEET 1000 HR
- - 3 YEARS

~ 5~----~------+---~-r----~~~
I
[:l
1.:1
~ 0
~15k------+------+------+---;~~-1

15
""~10~----~~----~----~-----4--~
1.:1
t3..:
5

o~~~~~L--ll----~
0 2 4 6
10 20 30 40 1000 KSI
MEAN STRESS- KSI
FIG. 3.064 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES
FIG. 3.052 STRESS RANGE DlAGRAMS FOR SHEET IN COMPRESSION FOR SHEET
IN THE 0 AND 1124 CONDITIONS. (34) lN 0 CONDITION. (23)(24)
MgWN
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED JUNE 1971

28~----~----~-----r----~------~----~
AZ31B
0.064 INCH SHEET
H24 CONDITION

18. Perrymrut, E. c. W., "stress-Corrosion o[ Mn_gnc=slum

Alloys," Journal Institute of Metals, V~l=c 78 (1950-51)
pp. 621-642.
19. Polonsky, M. A., and Gnllocclo, A., "Stress Corros1on
oC Magnesium Alloys - Environmental Factors," ASTM
STP No. 425 (December 1967).
20. McDonald, J. C., and Bakarlan, P. w., "Anlstropy and
2 3 4 5 6 7 Preferred Orientation In Rolled Magnosiwn Alloys,"
1000 KSI TranSllCtions AIME, Vohune 233 (1965) pp. 95-103
21. Jablonski, S. M., "New Hope !or Magnesium Forgings,
FIG. 3.06!i TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION FOR Modem Metals, Volume 19 (April 1963) pp. 62-70.
SHEET IN H24 CONDITION. (24)(30)(36) 22. Magnesium Rolled Rings, Code 0.4 JFP/HD, Dow Metal
Products Division (December 29, 1964).
23. Doerr, D. D. , "DctormlnaUon of Physical ProperUcs of
Ferrous ll!ld Nonferrous Structural Sheet Materials at
Elevated Temperatures," AF TR 65H, Part 2 (AprU -,..._.., ....
1954).
24. AF TR 6517, Part 5 (llcccmber 1957).
25. AF TR 6517, Port 1, SUpplement 1 (February 1953).
26. Reed, R. P., Mikesell, R. P., and Greeson, R. L.,
"Some Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloys at
REFERENCES Low Temperatures," ASTM STP No. 287 (1961)
pp. 61-73.
1. AMS 4375F (May 1, 1968). 27. Fcnn, R. W. Jr., and Lockwood, L. F., "Low Temp-
2. AMS 437GC (May 1, 1968). erature PropcrUcs or Welded Magnesium Alloys,"
3. AMS 43770 (May 1, 1968). Welding Journal Rescnrch &lpplemcnt, Volume 39
4. ASTM B90-69. (1960) pp. 352-356S.
b. ASTM B91-68. 28. Dotson, C. L., and Knttus, J. R., "Tensile ProperUes
6. ASTM B107-69. of Aircraft Structural Metals at Various Rates of Load-
7. "Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals Ing After Rapid HcaUng," WADC TR 55-199 (August
lllllldbook, Volume 2, 8th Edition (1964)pp. 292-297. 1955).
8. Magnesium Technical Service Mllllual for Aircraft 29. Hallowell, J. B. and Ogden, 11. R., ''An IntrcducUon to
Structures o[ Magnesium Sheet, Extrusions, Forgings Magnesium Alloys, DMIC Report No. 206 (August 26,
and Castlngu, Dow Mota! Products O<>partmcnt, Mlillnnd 1964) Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio.
Michigan (June 23, 1967). 30. AF TR 6517, Part 1 (llccembcr 1951).
9. Magnesium In Design, Form N". 141-213-67, Dow 31. V:mEcho, J. A., ct. nl., "Creep Properties or Struc-
Metal Products Department, Mldland,Mlchigan (1967). tural Sheet Materials for Aircraft," AF TR 6531, Part
10. "Selection and Application or Magnesium and Magnesium 1 (December 1951).
Alloys," ASM Motals Handbook, Volwne 1, 8th Edition 3" Fatigue Data for Different Magnesium Alloys, Dow
(1961) pp. 1067-1086. Chemical Company (May 20, 1958).
11. "ProporUcs of Wrought Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals 33. Spretnak, J. W. and ~'ontana, M. G., "lnvcotignUon of
Handbook, Volume 1, 8th Edition (1961) pp. 1095-1112. Mechanical Properties and Physical lllet:Ulurgy of Alr-
12. Electrical and Thermal Propct1:1cs o[ Magnesium Alloys crnfl Alloys at Very Low Temperatures," AF TR 5662,
The Dow Chemical Company, Mlclland, Michigan Port 3 (April 1950),
(July 9, 1958). 34. Ordnance Material~ Handoook, "Magnesium and Mag-
13. Lucks, c. l' . and Deem, n. s . "Thermal Propct1:1cs nesium Alloys," ORDP 20-303 (September 1956).
of Thirteen Metals," ASTM STP No. 227 (1958) 35. Magnesium Design, Tho Dow Chemical Company (1957).
14. WADC 1'R 54-42 (1954). 36. AF TR 6517, Part 3 (June 1954).
15. Jcn.,cn, .J. W., "Dam!Jlng Capa.clty- Causu and EUect.s~' 37. Forming Magnee.lwn, Part 1, Form 141-305-66, Dow
Ught Metal Age, V<olume 22 (December 1964) pp. 4-8. Metal Producta Department, Midland, Michigan (1966).
16. Southwell, c. R., Al<!'1ndor, A. L., and Hummer, C. 38. Forming Magnesium, Part 3, Form 141-307-66, Dow
w. Jr "Corrosion ,,( r.tetals In Tropical Environ- Metal Producte. Department, Midland, Michigan (1966).
ments," Materials Protection, Volume 4 (December 39. Design, booklet published by Magnesium Elektron Ltd.,
1965) pp. 30-35. 1270 Avenue of tbe Americas, New York City.
17. "Tho Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys," ASM Metals 40. Arc WP!dlng Magne~lum, Form 141-300-67, Dow Metal
 MgWN
REVISE~MARCHI963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GBNB.IUL 3.011 Producers' specl!led mechanical properties, Table3.011.

This non-heat treatable magnesium alloy .conl:ll.inilut zinc MQ
and rare earth is a recent developm.,nt for room tempera-
rure service. It is available in the form of 11heet and plate.
TABLB 3,011 Zn
Source (I
In either the 0 or H24 Condition, this alloy possesses the
best ductility of all magnesium sheet alloys. !t also exhibits Form Sheer !<late 0.2 RE
good weldsblllty and needs no postweld sttess r~Uef anneel. Condition 0 H:U
"Thlcl:neu - In 0.016 0,06 0.251 0.016 0.126 0.189
to to to to to to
ZE lOA
1. 01 Commercial Designation. ZB 10 A.
0.060 0,25( 0.~ 0.125 0.188 0.250
1. 02 Alternnte Daslgnations, None. "~'ru min - l:al 30 30 29 36 34 31

-- - -
--4 --4 --4
Fty min, - l:al
1.03 Specifications, AMS specification pending.
~fli min - l:sl
e ln}mlnpercen 15
- 12-
15 --~
1. 04 Composition. Table 1. C4.
3. 02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperarure
TABI~B 1.04 3. 021 Typical mechanical properties, Tahle 3. 021.
Source I
Percent
~
Min I Max Source 1
Zinc 1,0 1.5 Form Sheet Plate
Rare Bartha
Impurttie.:, Total
Magnealum
0.12
"
I
Balance
0,22
0.30
Condition
Thlcl:nea ii In
to
0

to to to
H24
0,016 0.061 0,251 0.016 0,126 0.181
to to
0,060 0.250 0500 0125 0 188 0 25(

1. 05 Heat Treatment
Ftu
F
- 1:11
leal
33
23
33
20
31
16
38
28
37
25
34
19
1. 051 Anneel tn 0 Condition for mllXI.mum formabllity . 500 F,
1 hr.
Fcty
- leal
e(fln) -percent
16
23
16
23
12
18
26
12
24
12
16
8
1. 052 Hot roll and partial annenl to H24 Condition by supplier.

1.06 Hardenablllty. This alloy can be hardened only by cold 3,022 Stress strain curves In tension for sheet In 0 and H24 Con
work. ditions, Fig. 3. 022.
3.023 Stress strain curves In compression !or sheet In 0 and
1.07 Forms and Conditions Available. Sheet nnd plate are H24 Conditions, Fig. 3. 023,
available in thicknesses from 0. 016 tn 0. 500 in, In 0 Condi
tion, and from 0. 016 tn 0, 250 in, In H24 Condition. 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperarures

1.08 Melting and Casting Practice. See AZ 31 n. 3.04 Creep and Creep Ruprure Properties

1. 09 Special Considerations 3.05 Fatigue Properties. Table 3. OS.

1. 09I When welding sheet and plate of this alloy lXI magnesium
alloy extrusions, an extrusion alloy which does not re-
quire post weld stress relief is recommended. TABI..B 3 OS
5o wee (I)
Fonn o. 064lo 0.190 In Sheet
2. PHYSICAl. AND CHEMICAl. PROPBRTIBS Condition
Temp Me thee:! SUess
-
Sues a Padgue Stnmgtb -l:a I
2.01 Thermal Properties F Ratio Coru:en at Cycles
2,0ll Melting mnge. 1100 to 1195 F. A R tradon 1oS I 1o6 I 107
2,012 Phase changes. None,
13~ I~ I~
RT Direct Smooth 19
2,013 Thermal conductivity, 0 Condition, 71J. 7 Bru ft (hr sq ft F). 0
Stress 0,3 0,5 K-1 25
H24 Condition, 76.7 Bru ft (hr sq ft F).
2,014 Thermal expansion. See AZ 31 e.
2,015 Specl!lc heat. o. 25 Bru per Qb !>). 3,06 Blastic Properties
2.016 Oiffusivity. 0 Condition, 3. 04 sq tt per hr. H24 Condition,
3.061 Modulus of elasticity at room and elevated temperarurea,
2. 95 sq ft per hr.
Fig. 3,061.
2.02 Other Physical Properties 3.o62 Modulus of rigidity, 2, 400 1:81.
2.021 Density. o. 0634 lb per cu in. 1. 7 58 gr per ~ em. 3,063 Poisson's ratio, 0. 34.
2.022 Electrical resistivity. 0 Condition, 1. 97. microhm-ln.
H24 Condition, 2, 05 microhm-ln.
2.023 Magnetic properties, Alloy is nonmagnetic. 4. FABRICATION. Similar to AZ 31 B. Complementary and
different lnfortr.atlon is llated below.
2.03 Chemical Properties
2.031 Corrosion resistance. General corrosion resistance of 4.01 ~
tbe alloy is similar tn AZ 31 n. 4.011 Hot forming of 0 Condition is performed at 500 F maxi
2.113u Alloy l.B more susceptible tn plttiog than AZ 31 B. mum, wil:ll the maximum time at temperarure being
2.0312 Alloy Ia free from stress corrosion cracldng. limited to 1 hr.
2,032 OXIdation resistance. See AZ 31 B. 4.012 Hot forming or H24 Condition Is performed at 275 F msxl
mum, with tbc time at tempcrarure being limlted to 1 hr.
2.04 Nuclear Properties. See BZ 33 A. 4.013 Bendlng. Suggested bend factors, Fig. 4. 013.

4,03 Wei~. This alloy possesses good weldabllity. For

3. MECHANICAl. PROPBRTIBS fusion weldlog, AZ 92 A, AZ 61 A or BZ 33 A weldil ~r rod
can be used. It may be neceuary to provide back up ~ate
3.01 Spe<=Jfied Mechanical Properties I! AZ 92 A or AZ 61 A rod Is used. No corrosion craclcLg

CODE 3602]
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

will occur with these wiWI!ng rod materials If the all"'/ is

Mg welded to itself, and no stress relief is required.
4.031 Tensile properties o! 0. 063 in welded sheet, Table 4. 031.
I Zn
0.2 RE TABLB 4 031
-~ I
Ponn Slieet 0 063 In
ZE lOA ~nn n H24
~e Welded with Rod Welded with~
jMeta ff.. ~l' N.~ ~~ I ~.z ~?Z. :f
ptu
p -
-
led
Jell
34
26
31
17
30
16
29
17
39
30
32
16
32
18
31
18
eliIn) - percent 29 8 6 6 12 4 4 4
Weld Bmctency,
Percent - 91 88 85 - 82 82 80

4. 032 Fatigue properties of welded sheet, Table 4. 032,

TABLB 4 032
!':nn,...e I
Pnrm ncv- . n tQn tn
-,;;..;;;;u.-lon Wel1 led with ~ 7.Q~ D.
Temp Method Stre11 Stteu Padgue Strength - bl
p Rado Concen- at f~'Cleo I
AIR tradon 1oS 1n6 n7 0,004 0,008 0.012
RT Direct
13~10.50
Stteu 0,3 0
Smooth
Kl
8,5
13 I: I !s STRAIN - IN PER IN

PIG, 3. 023 STRBSS STRAIN CURVES IN

COMPRESSION FOR SHBBT IN
0 AND'H24 CONDITIONS
(2)

35
Mg-1Zn-0,2RB
l2
SHBBT ... H24 COND
--0.040IN 0 0 OCOND
30 - - - 0 200 400 600 BOO
TEMP- P

PIG. 3, 061 MODULUS OP BLASTlCITY AT ROOM

AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
(3)

Mg1Zn-0.2RB

STRAIN RATE
'o. 005
IN PER
IN PER MIN
0~--~----~--
0 200 400 ~
600
TEMP- P

PIG. 4. 013 SUGGESTED BBND FACTORS

SION
0 o. 004 o. 008
STRAIN - IN PBR IN
PIG. 3,022 STRBSS STRAIN CURVES IN
TENSION FOR SHBBT IN 0
AND H24 CONDITIONS
(2)
(I)
REFERENCES
o. 012 The Dow Chemical Co., "ZE 10 A Magnesium Alloy Sheet and
Plate", (1958)
2 The Dow Chemical Co., "Stress-Strain Curves for ZE 10 A
(Sheet)", (Feb. 16, 1959)
3 Fenn, R. W., Jr., "Young's Modulus of Magnesium Alloys as a
Function of Temperature and Metallurgical Variables", The Dow
Chemical Co., (June 22-27, 1959)

CODE 3602
PAGE 2
 MgWN

OJ
MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GBNBRAL 1.055 Recryatalllzatlon temperatures. 550F, 1 hour, Increase

AZ61A Is a 11011-beat treatable wrought alloy wblch Is after 20 percent reduction. (10). Mg
resdUy extrll:led aDd does not respoad to age-bardenlag
heat treatment. Its Rtrength IDcreases sod Its ductUity
decreases at low operation temperature. Toughneaa,
1.06
~ 6 AI
cold fonnabUity, weld!Dg aDd machining cbaracterlatics 1.07 Forms aDd Cnndltlons AvaUable 1 Zn
are good, although the material bas a teodency to harden 'Ibe alloy Is avaUable In extruded rods, bars sod solid
when cold worked. The alloy should not be used above shapes as well as extrll:led hollow shapes sod tub!Dg,
400P. Corrosion resistance Is good. AZ61 Is prlmarUy
a general purpose extrusion sod forging alloy wltb
forg!Dgs sod weld!Dg rod, (2)(3)(5). AZ 61 A
medium strength for use at room aDd slightly elevated 1.08 MeltiDg sod Cast!Dg Practice
temperatures, (3)(10). 1.081 Casting temperature. 1200 to 1300F, (10).

Ccmmerclal Designation 1.09 Special Considerations

AZ61A.
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
1.02 Alternate Designation
Dowmetal ]1. 2.01 Thermal Properties
2.011 Melt!Dg range. 977 to 1145F, (5)(10).
1. 03 Specifications 785F Is minimum "burn!Dg" (llquatlon) temperature, (10).
Table 1.03. 2.012 Phase changes
2.0121 Time-temperature-transformation diagrams
TABLE 1 03
2.013 Thermal conductivity
AMS Form ASThl Forelan
Fodera At 212 to 570F, 46.0 Btu per ft (hr sq ft F), (10)(7).
4350F
4358A
Extrusions
Forgings
(SAE 520)
(SAE 530) B 91-63
- ~-M-31 BS 1354
~-M-40 BS 1351
At 212 to 570F, 48.4 Btu per ft (hr sq ft F), (3).
At RT, 33.9 Btu per ft (hr sq ft F), (9).
Extruded bars, rods and B 91-63 2.014 Thermal expansion
abapes
Extruded tubes
Bl07-63
B217-63
~:M-31
~-T-82
- At RT to 212F, 14.0 x 106 In per In perF, (3)(7).
At RT to 212F, 14.5 x 106 In per In per P, (5).
- IAZM At RT to 750F, 16.0 x 10-6 In per In perF, (3)(5).
British 2.015 Specific heat
Oerman At RT, O. 25 Btu per lb P, (3)(10)(13).
2.016 Thermal d!Uuslvlty
1.04 Composition
Table 1.04. 2.02 Other Physical Properties
TABLE 1 04 2.021 Density
Is,.,,.,.,. (1\(2 \(5\ 13\(4 At RT, O. 065 lb per cu In, 1. 8 gr per cu em, (3)(9)(10)(13).
Percent Percent 2.022 Blectrlcal properties
Min Max Min Max At RT, 4. 92 microhm-In, (3)(9)(10)(13).
Aluminum 5.8 7.2 5.8 7.2 2.023 Magnetic properties
Copper
lron
-- 0.05
0.005
-
-
0.05
0.005 2.024
The alloy Is non-magnetic, (9).
Bmlsslvlty
Manganese 0.15 - 0.15 - 2.025 Damping capacity
Nickel
SUicon
-
-
0.005
0.30
-- 0.005
0.10 2.03 Chemical Properties
Zinc 0.40 1.5 0.40 1.5 2.031 AZ61A Is corrosion resistant to attack by most allcalls,
Other Impurities, numerous organic chemicals, concentrated hydrofluoric

IMaRneslum
tOUII - 0.30
lin lA ......
-Balance0.30 acid and solutions at the allcall metals arsenate&,
fluorides, chromate& and dichromate&. It Is susceptible
to stress corrosion. Moist air Increases the amount at
surface attack due to the presence at chlorides, especially
In marine atmosphere noticeable by the formation at a
1.05 Heat Treatment thin gray oxide tum. It does not corrode In dry air, (3).
1.051 Anneal 6SOF, (10). Reslatance to corrosion decreases with lncreas!Dg amounts
Stress rellel anneal. 500F. at copper, nickel and Iron, (10).
Full anneal. 650F.
1.0511 Sheet. SOOF, 15 mlnU!es. 2.04 JllK:Iear Properties
1.0512 Hard rolled sheet. 400P, 1 hour.
1.0513 Extrusion& and forg!Dgs. SOOF, 15 mlnllles. 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
1.052 Condition P. 450 to 550P, 1 hour.
1.053 Shortness temperature. Above 780F. 3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
1.054 Hot work!Dg temperature. 450 to 750F, (10). 3.0ll AMS-speclfied properties, Table 3.011.
TABLE 3.011
Source rt\ (2\
Allov Ma-~At-17.o

Fo5_1Dgs
Form p, molnn IRoro rods hn.-\ ~ jam
Cnn<llrlnn Ao ""'"od...t b ;;""
Hollow shape
Thlclcness-ln
mlnksl
0.250
38
0.250 to 2.500
40
2 500 to 4 499"
38
all wall thiclcnesoes
36 as
- as
Ftu
F~ mlnksi 20 24 22 16 22 22 00
e, 21n)mlnpercent 8 9 5 7 . .
e,(4D) perc- - . . . 6 6

Not over 25 square Inch

No minimum values

CODE 3603
PAGE
MgWN MARCHI965
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.012 Design mecbanlcal properties tor alloy In Coadlt1on p, 3.022 Compression

Table 3.012. 3.0221 Stress-strain diagrams.
g 3,02211
TABLB3,012 Stress-strain curve for forgqs In compression, Fig,
I Source m 3.02211.
Alloy 3,02212 Stress-atraln curve for extrusion In compresaloa, Fig.
[]] Ma-6Al-1Zn
n Form
Extruded bar, rod Extruded
3.023
3,02212.
and Hollow Extruded Impact
solid shaoes tuhPA Fonrinlr 3.024 Beading
aha"""
AZ61A Condition F 3.025 Torsion and sbear
0.250 to 0,028 to 3.026 Bearq
IThlckn~ss - In < 0.249 2.499 0.750 3.027 Stress CODCentratlnn
3,0271 Nctcb properties
Ftu -kH 38 39 36 36 38

Fly'
-ksl
-ksll 21
- 24
- 16
- 16
-
22
- 3.0272
3.028
Fracture toughness
Combined properties

Fer
-kat
-ksl 14
- 14
- 11
- 11
-
14
- 3.03 Mechanlcal Properties at Various Temperature

Pau
-ksl
ksl 19
-
19
- -
-
-
- 19
- 3.031
3,0311
Teas loa
Stress-strain diagrams
Fbru -ksl 3.0312 Blfect allow temperature oo tenolle proPentes of
(e/0= 1.5)
(e/0=2.0)
45
55
45
55
-- -
-
50
60 3.0313
extrusions, Fig. 3. 0312.
Blfect of low and elevated temperature on tensile
Fb~ -ksl properties of extruslnns, Fig. 3. 0313.

--
(e D= 1.5) --:~8 28 - 28 3.0314 Blfect of room and elevated temperature 011 tensile

e,
(e/0=2,0)
-percent
32
8
32 - 32
3.0315
properties of e:xtrusloua, Pig. 3,0314,
9 7 7 6 Blfect of room and elevated temperature and exposure
3.02 Mechanlcal Properties at Room Temperature 011 tensile properties of extrusion, Fig, 3,0315.
3,021 Tenal011 3.0316 Blfect of room and elevated temperature and lltrllln rate
3,0211 Stress-strain diagrams 011 tensile properties of extrusion, Fig. 3, 0316,
3,0317 Typical and mhdmwn mecbanlcal properties at alloy
3.02111 Stress-strain curve for forgiDgs In teosiOII, Fig. 3, 02111.
3,02112 &ress-straln curve for e:xtruslon In teoaloa, Fig. 3.02112. In Cot>dltlon F, Table 3.0317.
3.0212 Mechanical properties at room temperature for bars, TABLE 3 0317
rods and shapes, Table 3,0212,
Source 13\
TABLB3 0212 Allov Ma-tiA~
ISoorce (Q\

IAilov Ma.(,AI-17n Form ~~~~~~::~rs Extruded hollow shapes

I tubinlr
IPnrm BarR. 1"MA Am o1uo-c Condition F
lcomltlon Thickness - In Not ven
0.250 to 1.500 to 2.500 to
Thickness - In ~ 0.250 1.499 2.499 Ftu typksl 45 41
5.000
mlnksl 40 36
Ftu typ-ksl 46 45 45 45 Fty, typkal 33 24
mlnksl 38 40 40 40 mlnkal 24 16
Fty typksl 33 33 33 31 e, (2in)typ-percent 16
mln-ksl 20 24 24 22 14 -........ ,.1
miD-percent 10 7
e(21D)typpercent 17 16 16 15 typ-ksl
Fcyo 19 16
min-percent 8 10 10 7 mlnkal 14
Fey typksl - 19 19 21 typ-Ical
II
-
Fbruo
mln-ksl
typ-ksl 65
- 14
68
14
68
14
68
Fbru
Pbry
Harilncss,
typ-Ical
68
41 -
mln-ksl 56 56 56 56
Fbryo typksl 38 41 41 - ~~N:~ ~ ~
min-ks! 30 32 32 -
Fsuo typksl
min-ks!
-
-
20
18
20
18
--
Hardness, 3.032 Compression
BHN - 60 60 - 3,0321
3.033
&rese-straln diagrams
Impact
3,0Zl3 Typical mechanical properties at room temperature for 3.0331 Blfect r4 low and room temperature on Impact streDgm
presa forgqs, extruded bars, rnds and shapes, extruded ol extruded bar, Fig. 3.0331.
tubq and hollow shapes, and sheet, Table 3,0213. 3.034 Bead~
TABLE 3 0213 3.035 Torsloo and shear
' Sourc~ (10} 3.036 Bearq
Allov Mlr-6A -tZn 3.037 Stress concentratJoa
Extruded Ext tubing, 3.0371 Nctcb propertle
Form 3.0372 Fracture toughness
Press bare, rods, hollow Sheet
Forlllmrs shanes shaoe 3.038 Comb~ed properties
Comitlon
Thlckn~ In Not given 3,04 Cret!p and Creep Rupcure Properties
Fruo typ-kl 43 45 41 44
3.041 Cr...,p curves at 200P tor extrualoos, Pig. 3,041,
Fcyo typ-ksl 26 33 24 32 3,042 Creep curves at 250F for extrusions, Fig. 3. 042,
e, typperceot 12 16 14 8 3.043 Creep curves at 300F for extrusions, Fig. 3, 043.
Harr.lneas, 3,044 Creep curves at 3SOF for extrusion>, Fig. 3. 044.
BHN'
RB
55
66
60
72
50
60
-
- 3,05 Fatigue Propc.rtles
FaUo typ-kal
typksl
21
18
20 - - 3.051
3,052
S-N curves for bar In Cot>ditl011 F, Fig. 3,051,
S-N curves for plate In Coadltloo F, Fig. 3.052.
Fer 19 16 22
Fbruo typ-kl - 68 - - 3.053 S-N curves for plate In Coadltloo F, Fig. 3.053,
F~~ryo typksl - 41 - - 3,054 Stress ra~e diagram for extrusloos In Condltloo P, Pig.
3.054.
500-kg load, 10 mm ball
3/16 In pin diameter

CODE 3603
PAGE 2
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS MgWN
MARCHI965

[JJ
40
3.06 Blastic Properties
3.061 Polssoa's ratio. 0.35, (5)(9).
3.062 Modulus of elasticity I
3.0621 Modulus of elasticity, 6,5 x 1o3 kill, (3XSX9). 32
6.3 X 1o3 kill, (7), n
3.0622 Compresslm modulus of elasticity, 6.3 x 1o3 ksl, (7).
3.063 Modulus of rlgldlty, 2, 4 x Io3 ksl, (7)(9).
24 AZ61A
4. F ABRICA'I10N
!il
4.01 Formabfilty. 11ee also !.053 aod 1.054. :.:
4.011 Most fargtuga are made from extrudod farglllg stock at
16
a temperature of 500 to 900F IIDd can be fotged to any
shape by pressing. HowCYer, lhey should not be hammer-
fotged, (3).
4.011 Cold woxklog requires special care, siDce lhe material
tends to baxdeu, (3).
4.013 When sharp beods are required, beating d. the work IIDd
tools Is recommeoded, (3).

4.02 Maeblnl.og aDd GriDdlng

4.021 ThiB alloy bas excelleot macblnlog ebaracterlstlcs. High
STRAIN-IN PBR IN
cutting speeds, large top IIDd side rake IIDd chip
clearance sre recommended. FIG. 3,02111 STRESS-STRAIN CURVE FOR
HSS lstbe tools for rough cutting require the following! FORGim5 IN TENSION
8-10" froat clearaoce (9, p. 55)
810" side clear811Ce
10-15 top rake
5-15" side rake
15-25 cutting edse aogle
The ssme machlnlog chsracterlstlcs with a s!Jgbtly
reduced top rake apply approximately for forming tools.
Althoogb d.."Y macbl.nlng Is normally used for mUIIIJIII
lathe operations, mineral oU Is recommended for fiDe
cuts or to avoid distortion by beating. Water soluble
oU or water coolants should not be used. The life of
high speed tools equals the life d. carbide tipped tools
wben maeblolng other metsls. HowCYer, ID larger
productloa carbide tipped tools should be preferred.
Sloce the material does not drag or tear an excellent
surface fWsb can be achiCYed.

4.03 Welding
4.031 Helium or Inert-gas arc welding. The alloy can be arc
welded producing a high. strength with a 89 percent joiDt
efflcleocy by using either bellum or IDert gsa. Spot
welding ebsracterlstlcs are excellent. Residual streeaes
ID welded parte should be stress relieve:!. Post stress
relief, SOOF, IS mluutes. Gas welding should be Umlted
becuuse d. corrosion dlfflculltles caused by entrapped 50
nux. The nux must be removed by lmmersloo ID hot Mg-6Al-1Zn
water followed by a cbr0111e plclcle IIDd balled 2 hours EXTRUSION
ID 5 percent sodium dlchromate solutloa. Inert-gas
tungsten src jolot tensile strength 40 ksl aDd elongation
d. 8 percent (2 ID). Flash welding can be used In high
production welding aDd yields a joint efflcleocy d. 85 to
95 percent, a weld strength d. about 36 to 42 ksl aDd an
elongation of about 4 to 6 percent (2 In), (3Xll).
30 '/
Heat TreatmeDl
Post stress relief, SOOF, IS minutes. See Sectloo 4.03.
If
&ress relief anneal, SOOF. Residual stress Is reliCYed
by applying the above beet treatment. See sectloo on
I

4.05
welding, (3XU). 'Ibis heAt treatment Is necesaary In
order to avoid stress corrosion, (9).
10 I
0
0
I 0.004 0,008
BNSION

0.012
STRAIN-IN PBR IN
FIG. 3,02112 STRESS-STRAIN CURVB
FOR EXTRUSION IN
TBNSION (9, p. 49)

CODE 3603
PAGE 3
MgWN
NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCHI965

32 ~----~--~Mg~~~A~I--l~ZA~
FORGINGS

24 r---~~----~---4

AZ61A

20

!iIll
FIG. 3.02211 STRBSS-STRAIN CURVB 0 10
FOR FORGIOOS IN Ca.t-
PRBSSION (9, p. 55) ...l:i
0
-400 -100 0
TBMP- F
FIG. 3.0312 BFFBCT OF LOW TBMPBRA-
TURB ON TBNSILE PROPBRTIBS
OF EXTRUSIONS
(9, p. 187) (10, p. 1108) (12)

Mg-6AI-1ZD
EXTRUSION
25

I 1-4-

r
20

IS

10 I
5 I
0
v 0 .004
CCMPRBSSION
I
0.008 0.012 200 400 600 800
STRAIN - IN PBR IN TBMP-F
FIG. 3.02212 STRBSS-STRAIN CURVB FIG. 3.0313 BFFBCT OF LOW AN> BLBVATBD TBMPBRA-
FOR EXTRUSION IN Ca.t- TURB ON TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS OF EXTRUSIONS
PRBSSION (9, p. 50) (3, p. 1) (10, p. 1108) (13, p. 593)

CODE 3603
PAGE 4
MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
MgWN

Mg-6A11ZII
Mg-6A1-1Z, EXTRUSION Mg
3/4 IN DlA EXTRUSIONS COM>P
CONDP 6 AI
I zn
30

AZ61A
20

10
lil
:..:
0
30

20

10

200 400 600 800

TI!MP P 400 1000

PIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF ROCN AM> ELBVATBD TBMP-P
TBMPI!RATURE ON TBNSILH
PROPERTIES OF EXTRUSIONS PIC. 3.0316 EFFECT OF ROCN AM> ELBVATBD TEMPERA
(4, p. 237) TURE AND STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF EXTRUSIONS (8. 'lbl. Dl)

50 Mg-6AIlZII
EXTRUSION

'"'
4
30

lil
:..:
~ 3
20
... 45

~M
IL

2
10

r 0.01
1_200 -100 0 100
00
TEMP- P TBMPP
PIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF LOW AM> ROCN
PIG. 3.0315 EPPBCT OP ROCN AND ELBVATBD
TBMPER.\TURE ON IMPACT
TBMPI!RATURE AND BXPOSURB ON
TBNSILE PROPXRTIBS OF EXTRUSION
STRE001ll OF EXTRUDED
(4, p. 236) BAR (13, p. 594)

CODE 3603
PAGE 5
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCHJ965

llg-6AI- 1Za 20r------r------~~-6Al~-~1Za~

~ t--
-- - -..""'
BXTRUSION
20 BXTRUSJON ;....;.....
~ ................

............
AZ61 A

Iii
10 t--.
8 - ....... ....
..............
.......

loC 6
-- .... t-- .
.......
.
-1~
--0.5% CRBBP
...........
--0.2% .. 2001'
--11.1% _
2
1 10 100 1000
11MB -HR
PIG. 3.041 CRBBPCURVBSAT200P POR
BlCI'RUSIONS (4, p. 236) (13}
11MB- HR
PIG. 3.043 CRBBP CURVBS AT 300P FOR
BlCI'RUSIONS (f. p. 236)

-~
20

-::::---......... Mg-6Al-1Z.
BXTRU510N
20
~--6Al-1Za
BlCI'RUSION

10

-- ' "250P
10 !'-..
~- ............

',"',
8
...... lj

6
1". ''
--...
6
Iii
loC '' Iii
loC
1\ \
'
3SOP
j". 1'.

_,.! '' ' ' \

\
2
--0.5%
CRBBP
'\ 2 .. \

-~
--0.2%
---0.1~
\
\ \
--O.S% CRBBP
\ --0.2%
\ ----0.1~
10 100 1000
10 100
TNB -HR
TUB-H R
PIG. 3.042 CRBBP CURVBS AT 250P POR
BXTRUSIONS PXl. 3.044 CRBBP CURVBS AT 3SOP FOR
(4, p. 236)
BXTRUSIONS (f. p. 236) (13)

CODE 3603
PAGE 6
 MgWN
MARCHI965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

60
20 r---r---- ..----=-...~-6AJ'"""='"-~1Za~
BXTRUSIOH
,J: '
"'-~~'?"'
40

.
~ 15r-~~+-----+-----~---;

~
Ill
=-: ~ 10 1----'"'d--~1----+------4
20

~
~ 5~---+----~~~----~
~
<
NlNIIBR OF CYCLBS 10 20
FJG. 3.051 5-N CURVBS FOR BAR IN C()N)ITJ()N F MRAN STRBSS JCSI
(6, p. 19)
PJG. 3.054 STRBSS RANGB DIAGRAM FOR
BXnlUSION IN CON>l'llON P
(14)

NlNIIBR OP CYCLBS
PJ;. 3,052 SN CURVBS POR PLATE IN CONJITION F
(6, p. 16)

RBPBRBNCBS

1 AMS 4350P, (Nc>rember 1, 1954)

2 AMS 4358A, (July 1, 1941)
3 "Magaealum AZ61A", AUOJ Dfleot. tq-43, (Auguat 1959)
4 "Report em tbe IDI!ftl..STemp er.rure l'rGpertlea at
Alumlaum aJd Mopeslum An.,.., AS'IM Spec1al Tedlll.
Pllbllcatloa No. 291, (October 1960)
5 "Maguealum AUOJ AZ61", North AmerlcaD AYiatloa, IDe.,
AL-2604, (O:taber 30, 1957)
6 Hyler, W.S. &lid Lycia. P.H., "Materlalsl'rop ertJDeelgD
Criteria far Meula", WADC 55150, PUt 3, (Auguat 1956)
7 "Meullk: Materials aJd IDemeaU faroP!Igbt Vdlk:le
Mg-6Al-1Za Structures", Dept. at Defeue. MR.HDIIICS, (Auguat
COI'V P

.
1962)
8 ''Bffea at Tellt!Dg Speed aJd T e _ . - - em tbe ~

Iii
w
'
(6)
-(7)
~ .. t:
9
10

11
k:al Pmperdes at. Some Mspelllum AllOJ", 'lbe DcJw
Clomlc:al Co Code 2. 52, ~ 8, 1959)
"Maguealum Deelp". Tbe Dow C>emk:al Co., (1957)
"Prapertiea &lid Selecdau at. Meals", M.Wa HaDdboolt,
Vol, 1, ASM 8lh l!d1dGa, (1961)
".J<>IDimg Mapeal:lm". Tbe DcJw Mdll Producla Ce., (1961)
12 "Low Temperature Propertlea at. Varlaua Maguealum
10
1~ 1P 106 10 Au.,.., 'Ibe Dow O>emk:al Co., Code 2. 43, (April 17,
1958)
NlA.UIBR OF CYCLBS
13 Tipt011, C.R., Jr., "Reactor~. Sclcaalll!rtWaa,
FIG. 3.053 5-NCURVB FOR Pl,ATB INCOI'DTION P Vol. I, Materlllla, (1960) lalerac1eace Nlllabera, Lid,
(6, p. 17) (7) 14 ORDP 20-303, (1956)

CODE 3603
MGE 7
'
'>\.,...
 I I

REV I SED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS COMMERCIALLY

PURE
.____..
1. GBNBRAL 1.09 Special Considerations
Commercially pure titanium 1s used where h1gb ductility L091 Hydrogen pickup during pickling or heating may lead to
associated with moderate strength, h1gb corrosion resist hydrogen emhrlttlement.
ance and good weldablllty are deSired. It 1s ava1lallle In L092 Oxygen and nitrogen contamination during hot forming or
various degrees of purity, characterized mainly by differ heat treating may result In a brittle sldn and difficulties
ent oxygen conllmtS, and, consequently, with different on further forming operations.
mechanlcsl properties. In 1959 three major grades were
preferred with minimum yield strengths of 40 ksl, 55 ksl
and 70 ksl, although other grades having yield strengths 2. PHYSICAL AND CHBMlCAL PROPBRTIBS
from 35 to 80 ksl are also widely used.
2, 01 Thermal Properties
1.01 Commercial Designations, CommercJally pure titanium, 2., Oil Melting temperature, 3000 to 3040 P. Melting point of h1gb
Tl-40, Ti-55, Tl70. purity (Iodide) tltaniwn is betwet:n .i020 and 3055 F.
2, 012 Pbase changes, Alloy transforms from beta phase to alpha
1.02 Alternate Deaignatloas. phase on cooling. Transformation temperature range (beta
.F~, min 40 lcsl, Tl (40,000 psi), A-40, MST-40, RS trans us), Table 2. 012.
40, Ti5SA.
Fty, min a 55 lcsL 99 + T!, Ti(S5, 000 psi), AS5, MST-55,
RSSS, Ti-6SA. rade
Fty min a 70 ksl. 99 Tl, T1(70, 000 psi), A-70, MST-7t; Transformation ran
RS-70, TI-7SA.
Fty min= 80 ksl. Tl-lOOA.
1.03 Speclflcatioas. Table 1. 03, 2.,013 Thermal conductivity, Pig. 2, 013.
2,014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2, 014.
2.015 Spec!flc heat, F lg. 2. 015,
TABLE 1.03
Form I! 2,02 Other Physical Properties
eet, strip, plate MIL-T -9046 Cl S 2. 021 Density. 0, 163 lb per cu ln. 4. 51 gr per cu em,
!ng, welded 2,022 Blectricsl reslstlv!ty, Fig. 2, 022.
ire, welding 2.,023 Magnetic properties, Alloy is nonmagnetic. Permeability,
eet, strip, plate MIL-T -9046 CJ 7 1. 00005 to L 0001 at 2.0 oersteds.
eet, strip, plate MIL-T-9046 Cl 6
, forgings, and MIL-T-9047 Cl 1 2.03 Chemical Properties
org!Dgstocl:: 2,031 Corrosion reslstance
2,0311 General. Titanium and ita alloys possess outstanding corrOo
sion resistance to most media, as summarized In Table
1.04 Composition. Table 1. 04. 2.0311.

TABLB 2 0311
TABLBl 04 IMedium Corroo on
AMS AMS AMS A.MS AMS Nitric Acid Excellent for all concentratlona and to balling
Source (3) (4) (5) (6)
(1) (2) point. Titanium has pyrophorlc tendencies In
I Fey, min - 1<81 41) !>!> ,.,_ red fuming nitric acid below 2 percent water
Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent and 10 to 20 percent nitrogen dioldde contents.
Max Max Max Max Max
carbon 0,20 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.20 Sulfuric, Hydrochloric Resists attack In dilute solutions at low tern-
Nitrogen 0.07 (b) 0.07 -- -- 0.07 llnd Phosphoric Acids peratures. At higher temperatures and con-
Oxygen (a)
Hydrogen 0.015
- 0.15
0.015 0.015 0.015
0.40
o.m2s
centratlons, Inhibitors allow effective appll-
eatJon.

--
- -- --
lron 0.30 IHvdrofiuorlc Acid Rapldlv attacked
Manganese
Other 0.60
0.20
-
0.60
-0.80 0. 80(c)
Organic Salta Generally good. Borderline passivity In
lonnie and trlchloroacedc acids.
Tllll:llum Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance
Inorganic Salts Outstanding. particularly to pitting attack of
(a) If determined (c) Need not be reported chloride solutions (sea water), exception
(b) AMS 4941 only aluminum chloride.
LOS Heat Treatment AI niles Excellent for all concentrations and to balling
1.051 Anneal. 1000 P, 1 hr to 1300 F, 2 hr, depending upon de point, except bolllng concentrated potassium
gree of restoration of yield strength desired. Bffect of hydroxide.
anneallng temperature on yield strength of cold rolled Tl
55, Fig. 1. 051. 2. 0312 Stress corrosion may occur In commercJally pure titanium
1,052 Stress relief to avoid distortions due to residual stresses, In dry red fumlc acid, Stress corrosion may also occur In
1000 P, 1/2 br to 1 hr, 900F, 2 to 4 hr or HOOF, 8 hr. some tltaniUIIJ alloys, but not In pure titanium, If chloride
snlta have been deposited on the surface of stressed mate
1.06 Hardenablllty, All grades can be bardened only by cold rial whlcb Is then subjected to high temperatures,
work. 2. 0313 Galvanic corrosion of many metals Is promoted by con-
tact with titanium and Its alloys, which are at the noble
1.07 P orms and Conditions Ava.llable end of the galvanic series, next to nickel base alloys.
1.071 Alloy is a Vil1iAb1e In the full commercial range of sizes 2.0314 Hydrogen embrlttlement is a major problem with titanium
for sheet, strip, plate, bar, billet, wire, forgings, ex and its alloys, Hydrogen 1s readily abaorbed from hydro
truslons and seamless and welded tublog, aU In the an- geuatlng solutions at room temperature and from the at
nealed condition. mosphere at elevated temperatures, Hydrogen embrittle
1.072 Special productS whlcb are ava.llable on a commercial ment of tttanium alloys may assume one of two forms. Pint.
basis are cold worked flat products and wire and castingS. common for alpha alloys, is a reduction In ductlllty and
slight Increase In strength. This 1s associated with a de
1.08 Melting IUid casting Practice, Consumable electrode crease In impact atrengrh at temperatures below 200 F and
double vacuum melt. a shift In the temperature range where the cbange from due

CODE 3701
Ti
COMME RCIALL Y NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963
PURE

.4- ....
tile to brittle behavior Is observed. Second, similar to the
embrlttlemen t of steels, Is an embr~ttlement at slow speeds
of test!Dg and under conslllllt or "sw:llllned" loads as usu
Alloy
Hardness
TABLB 3 021
Tl-40 Tl n-10 .;eJ
ally demonstrated by such tests on notchecf S)leeimens.
This type of embrlttlemen t generaijy becomes evident only
RB, min
max
88
92
95
99
-
-
above a certain Stre!li1 level and It Is observed partlcu
--
--
larly In alpha bell'. rype alloys at room and moderately RC, min 23
elevated temPF.l.'atures. In general, the hydrogen tolerance max 29
of titanium alloys Is specWed at 0. 015 percent for bar pro
ducts, bnt It may vary depending upon the alloy and Its
3.022 BUect of exposure to elevated temperatures with load on
cooditloo. U the tolerance limit Is malnllllned, hydrogen
embrlttlemen t Is practically absent. tensile properties of TI-70 bar, Table 3, 022.
2.032 Ox.ldatloo resistance
2.0321 Scallog of titanium and its alloys starts at about 900 F. TABLB 3 022
Light scale formed during exposure at temperature s up to Source 7 o. C-17)
1000 p for long times has no detrimental effect on the pro- IAI!ov n-7o
perties, Form Bar
2.0322 Heat!Dg to temperatures above 1000 P under oxidizing con- Condition Ann
ditions results In Increasingly severe surface scallog as 1100 hr exposure at Tested at RT
well as In diffusion of oxygen. Diffusion results In hard Temp Load Creep Feu Fty e RA
brittle surface layers difficult to distinguish from the base F lesl percent lesl lesl percent percent
metal. This contaminated layer Is brittle and must be re-
RT 65 10.6 107 97 15 45
moved, therefore, by mechanical or chemical means prior
400 40 3.6 97 89 20 53
to forming parts or appllcattoo In stressed components.
600 35 5.8 106 98 20 33
2.04 Nuclear Properties 800 12.5 6,5 93 76 20 33
2.041 The thermal neutron absorption cross section of titanium 1000 4 10.8 83 66 17 31
Is 5. 6 barns.
2.042 The mechanical properties of Tl-70 are affected by Irra-
diation as follows. 3.023 BUect of strain rate on tensile properties of TISS and
2. 0421 The hardness Is Increased by exposure at 3 to 20 x 1019
Tl70 sbeet, Fig. 3, 023.
nvt slow and 200 to 540 P from about 200 to 230 BHN. 3,024
2.0422 Irradiation at 180 F raises the yield strength consider- Compressive yield strength. F "L 04 Fry
3.025 Commercial ly pure titanium Is%t notch sensitive at room
ably, the tensile strength to a lesser extent and reduces
temperature , as evidenced for bar by a constant notch
the ductility, both at room temperature and at 212 F. A
strength ratio over a wide range of stress concentratio ns
yield point was observed when tested at 390 F.
2. 0423 or notch sharpoesses. Bffect of notch sharpness on the
The Impact strength appears unaUected by Irradiation,
notch strength ratio of har at room temperature , Fig.
according to limited data. 3,025,
2,043 Physical properties of Tl-70 are affected by Irradiation
3.026 Sheet specimens, provided with notches of various sharp
as follows.
nesses, also show lack of notch sensitivity at room temper
2. 0431 The density remained constant after Irradiation.
2.0432 No dimensional changes were observed. ature, evidenced by linear Increase In notched strength
2. 0433 The electrical resistivity decreased by exposure at 2 to ratio with notch depth. Bftect of notch depth on the notch
7 x 1o20 nvt slow and 180 F. strength ratio of sheet, Fig. 3. 026,

3,03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperature s

3, MECHANICAL PROPBRTIBS 3, 031 Short time tension properties
3.03ll Stress strain curves for n-ss and Tl-70 sheet at room
3, 01 SpecWed Mechanical Properties sod elevated temperature s, Fig, 3, 0311.
3, Oll AMS specWed mechanical properties, Table 3. Oil. 3,0312 BUect of test temperature on tenslle properties of various
grades of titanium bar sod sbeet, Pig. 3, 0312.
3, 0313 BUect of test temperature on teoslle properties of n 70
sheet, Fig. 3, 0313,
3, 0314 BUect of test temperature on tensile properties of annealed
TABLB 3.0ll and of cold worlced 0, 064 In TISS sbeet, Fig. 3. 0314.
3, 0315 BUect of test temperature on tensile strength of annealed
Source AMS AMS AMS AMS AMS AMS
(1) (2) (3) (4) and of cold wor)>ed 0. 187 In Tl-55 sheet, Flk. 3. 0315.
(5) (6) 3.0316
Alloy BUects of test temperature , holding time sod strain rate
Tl40 Tl-55 Tl-70 on tensile properties of Tl70 sheet, Fig. 3, 0316.
Sheet, Tubing. Wire, Sheet, Sheet, Bar, 3,032 Sbort time properties other than tension
Form atrlp, welded welding strip, strip, orglogs 3.0321 Stress strain curves In compression for TISS at room and
Iplate I olate lolate sto:lc elevated temperature s, Fig. 3, 032L
Condition Ann 3.0322 BUect of test temperature on compressive yield strength
Fru, min - lesl so so so 65 80 80 of Ti-55 sheet, Fig. 3, 0322,
max - lest - - 80 - - - 3,0323 BUect of test temperature on bearing prc>pertles of n-ss
Fty min - lesl 40 40 -- 55 70 70 sheet, Fig, 3, 0323,
max - lest
e(2 In), mln-percen
65
20
65
20 --
80
18
95
IS
-
f\40)15
3.0324 BUect of test temperature on shear strength of TISS sheer.
F{g. 3. 0324.
RA. min -percen - - - - 30 3.0325 BUects of test temperature and strain rate on torsion
strength of n-70 bar, Fig. 3. 0325.
Thlclcoeas :s:;3 In
3. 0326 BUect of test temperature on Impact strength of various
grades of titanium, Fig. 3, 0326,
3,033 Static stress concentratio n effects
3.0331 BUects of notch depth sod low test temperature s on the
notch strength ratio of Tl70 bar, Fig, 3, 033L

3,02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature , See 3, 03 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
3,041 Toiil strat.o curves for Tl-70 sbliet at 600 to 1200 F, Pig.
aleo.
3, 021 Typical hardness values, Tllble 3, 02L 3.04L
3.042 Creep rupture curves for Ti-55 aod Tl-70 at room temper

'~ ~
~.,,..

CODE 3701
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS COMMERC IALLY
PURE

ature to 1000 F, Flg. 3, 042. techniques. The metal Ia poured In vacuum Into special
mold materials such as machined graphite.
3.05 Fatigue Properties
3.051 Fatigue properties of Ti-55 bar, Table 3. OSL 4.02 ~
4.021 Commercially pure titanium has machining characteristics
similar to those 01 austenitic stainless steels. Titanium
TARLR 3.051
8, D, 34 alloys, bCcause of ~lr hlgber hardness, are somewhat
lli<lun:e,
more difficult to machine, but tbe same general rules
Allov Ti-55
Bar apply. Sharp tools, rigid setups, hes.vy feeds slow speeds
IForm and an abundance of soluble oU coolant are tbe 'baste rules
Icondition Ann
Stress Fatigue Strength - ksl for successful machining. Titanium requires low forces
Temp Stress
at Cycles and demonstrates a complete absence of "built up edge"
F Method Ratio Concen-
lo6 107 h can be machined to very high surface finishes.
7'R tration 4.022 Sawing Is best performed with high speed friction saws
-312 ~vbend -I Smooth!( I
"' Notched K 2.7
-- 100
46
running at a linear speed of 4000 to 4500 fpm, Tbe feed
should be positive. Hack and band sawing Is also poss!ble,
RT Smooth K I 42 41 High speed steel blades, heavy feeds and slow speeds
Notched K =2.7
Smooth K I 22
- 35
21
should be used. Surface scale and contamtnsted surfaces
600 will result In excessive blade wear If not removed.
4.023 Grinding should be performed only as a finisblng operation.
Light feed rates should be maintained. SU1con carbide
3.052 Fa:lgue properties of Ti-70 sheet and bar at room temper- wheels are satisfactory for conventional speed grlndlng.
ature, Table 3, 052. Maximum grinding ratios are maJnts.lned at 3, 000 to 5, 000
feet per minute surface speed, Parts should be stress re
TAIILB 3 052 lieved after grinding to remove residual stresses,
ISource 7 D. -15)
IAIIov Tl-70 4.03 Welding
Condition Ann 4.031 GeneraL Commercially pure titanium Is readily welded by
Stress Stress Fatigue Strength - ksl suitable techniques. Welds possess excellent flow char-
Form Method Concen- at Cycles acteristics, high strength and ductility aod a corrosion re-
~tl~ 105 106 107 sistance equal to that of the parent metaL
A R trstlon
75 68 62 4.032 Fusion welding to 100 percent efficiency Is accompllsbed by
Bar ~tbesn -1 Smooth Kl
"' Notched K "2. 42 38 36 using gas shielded arc welding techniques, In open fusion
welding, shielding can be effected by a sufficient supply of
fS!leet (Direct 10.~ 0.6 Smooth K =I - - 78
helium or argon, or preferably a 50/50 mixture of both,
:5trell whereby aey air contact with surface areas bested to 18001'
or higher Is prevented. Alternatively, Inert gas filled
3,06 Blastic Properties chsmbers are used. Back up support Is essentiaL The
3.061 Modulus of elasticity at various temperatures, Fig. 3, 061. edges must be deburred by f1l1ng and the metal must be
3,062 Modulus of rigidity at room and elevated temperatureR, very clean wbere welded. Stress relief at 800 to 1000 I' In
Fig. 3,062. a furnace, or at abuut 1200 F with a gas torch Is recom
3.063 Poisson's ratio, 0. 34 to 0. 405. mended after welding.
3.064 Tangent modulus curves In compression at room and ele 4.033 Resistance welding. Spot and seam welding Is done without
vated temperatures, Fig. 3. 064. protective atmosphere, using electrode pressures welding
currents and time cycles slzn1lar to those used with aust=-
ltlc stlllnles steels.
4. FABRICATION
4. ')4 Heating and Heat Treating
4.01 Forming and Casting 4.041 Bl.,ctrlc furnaces are preferred for heating and heat treat-
4.0ll Commercially pure titanium Ia formed only to a limited Ing. If gss fired furnaces are used, these should be of tbe
extent at room temperature. Maey forming operations re- muffle type and the atmosphere should be oxidizing. Direct
quire heating to 400 to 1200 F. 1 he ease of forming decreaS<S flame Impingement should be avoided to prevent severe
as .the strength Increases. Burrs should be removed by locallzed oXIdation and contamination.
filing to prevent edge craclclng. 4.042 Contact with scale or dirt should be prevunted.
4. 012 Bend radii of 3. 5t can be obtained at room 'temperatures 4.043 Tbe heating and heat treating time should be kept at a
using a lubricant. Smaller radii can be formed at temper- .minimum, after uniform temperature Is reached.
atures above 300 F, 4.044 Direct resistance heating of sbeet or other thin.. sections
4.013 Flanges can be rubber or dle formed and sections can be may alternately be used where extremely short heat up and
contoured by stretch forming at room temperature. Prefer- toial heating times are desired on nearly finished surfaces
ably, the part Is formed In two operations with an Inter- to minimize surface oXIdation.
mediate anneal,
4.014 Elevated temperatures arc used for various forming oper- 4.05 Surface Treating
ations as follows: Drop hammer forming, BOO to 1000 F, .f,051 Cleaning. Oxidation at temperatures In excess of liOO I' Is
spinning and deep drawing, about 800 F, rubber forming detrimental to forming and machining operations and can
and dlc forming flange, 400 to 800 F. rarely be tolerated In flnlahed parts, Scale may be remiMII
4.015 She..,ing and blanldng require the same techniques and preferably In oxidizing molten salt bathll although under
pressures as 1/4 hsrd austen\tlc stainless steels. certain condldons sodium hydride type bo.ths can be used
4.016 Forging. Starting temperawre 1700 F maximum, flnlahlng If hydrogen pickup Is minimized. It may also be removed
tempernture 1200 F minimum. To obtain optimum proper- mechanically by grit or vapor blasting or by grilldlng.
ties, forging equivalent to 25 to 40 percent reduction Grinding ahould be followed by stress relief. Alter scale
should be performed below the transformation temperature removal, 1m subsurface high oxygen layur should be re-
(beta to alpha + beta) In the final forging operation. Sub- moved by plclcl1ng In a 20 to 35 percent nitric acid - 2 to
sequent reheating such as required for sizing operations, 5 percent hydrofluoric acid solution at 130 to 160 I'. A
should not exceed 1500 F or, generally, about 200 F below nitric to hydrofluoric acid ratio of 10:1 or greater should
the beta to alphs plus beta tf!mperature. be maintained tO prevent hydrogen pickup.
4.017 Castings ha vtng properties comporrablc to those of wrought 4.052 Light discoloradons obcalned by beating at 1000 to UOO I'
products can be produced In commercially pure titanium may be removed by plcldlng In the nitric acld-hydrofiuorlc
using cousumable or nonconsumaDie electrode melting acid solution.

CODE 3701
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REV I SED MARCH 1963
COMMERC.IALLY
PURE

4. 053 Surface hardening, to minimize wear of reciprocating pans

can be accomplished by nltrldlng to surface bardnesses In
excess of 600 KHN.
4. 054 Galllng of bolts or In forming of parts, can be ellmlnated
by anodic or phosphate base cbemlcal conversion type
coatings. OXides developed at 1200 to 1400 F also prevent
gsllJng and serve as a base for lubricants.
4. 055 mectroplating with copper or nickel can be applied to
titanium. 0.10
0 BOO 1200 1600

FIG. 2.015 SPECIFIC HEAT

(10, p. 4)

100 I--
Tl-55
SHBBT
.l- BO
Tl
CR+J,lHR
Fn 0~
.6 15% CR
30;\.
I-- ELECTRICAL
~ ====..... ~ RBS.iSilVITY

60 1-- ~~ ~--~----~~~----+----+----;
-:~
2
CR 1000 uoo 1200 1300 1400
20
ANNBALINO TBMP - F
,, (11)
FIG. 1. 051 BFFBCT OF ANNBALINO TBMPBRATURB ON YIBLD
STRBNGTH OF COLD ROLLBO Ti-55 SHBBT
,, (10)
0
(9, p. 10B) -400 0 400 BOO 1200 1600 2000
TBSTTBMP-P
13~-r----~-----,----~r-----, PIG. 2.022 BLBCTRICAL RBSISTIVlTY
THBRMAL Ti (10, p. 3)(11, p. 44)
ii:' CONDUCTIVITY

t 12 ~-+----~~----+------r-,~~ 100
g Tl
~ 0. 060 IN SHEET

mu~~~+----r--~---;
BO L, T
I
"''"' .lot:. -55

~10~~~-r--~'---+---~ 12
eon-1o
60
0 BOO 1200 1600 BO
TBWJ'- F
FlO. 2. 013 TIIBRMAL CONDUCT! oflTY
(10, p. 3)

e
0
0. 0004 0. 0010. 01 0. 1
0 400 BOO 1200 2000 STRAIN RATB- IN PER IN PER MIN
TBMP- F Fig, 3,023 HFFHCT OF STRAIN RATH ON THNSILH I'ROPHRTIHS
FIG. 2. 014 11iERMAL EXPANSION OF TI-55 AND TI-70 SHHHT
(10, p. 3) (9, p. 100, 101)

r.nn~
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS COMMERCIALLY
PURE

-'"' L8

0
A
(13)
(12)
Tl-70
BAR 80

!=
;:! 1. 6

~ A :A 70

~ 1.4 /
[7 ...L "'60 r,.
/
60

~""
::
~;z: 1.2
~

1.0
/ I I
50

.I I. 10 100

11/r
PIC. 3. 025 EFFECT OF NOTCH SHARPNESS ON THB NOTCH
STRENGTH RATIO OF BAR AT ROOM TBMPBRAniRB
(12, p. 15)(13, p. 17) 30

20

10

0
0 0.002 0.006 0. 008 o. 010
STRAIN - IN PBR IN
PIG. 3.0311 STRESS STRAIN aJRVES FOR Tl-55 AND
Tl-70 SHEET AT ROOM AND ELBVA1'ED
TEMPERA'IURES (1 4)( 15,p. 67 ,6S)

0
~ 1.4

i5 1.2

~
~
2:
t. oe..::::a-.1.---L.;:::.- -'----____.
0 20 40 60 80
NOTCH DBPTii (1-la/W) - PERCENT
PIG. 3. 026 BPPBCT OF NOTCH DEPTii ON THB
NOTCH STRENGTH RATIO OF SHBBT
(21)
COMMERCIALLY
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

PURE

VARIOUS GRADE
e.AS/81NBAR
0~0. 060 IN SHBBT, L
I---<O-:Ir4---l-~ (9)
'VDSHBBT
(22)

40

~
~40~~~~~~~----~----~--~
...

200 400 600 1000

TBMP -I' 100
FIG. 3, 0312 EFFECT OF TEST TBMPERA.TIJRB ON TBNSILB
PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS GRA.DBS OF TITANIUM
UAR AND SHBBT (9, p. 102107) (22, p. 46)

60~~~~~~+-
iii
:.:
I
>-
~40~----+---~~~--~-

200 400 600 800 .JOOO

TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 03!3 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PiiOP;\-~TIES OF Tl-70 SHEET .(14)

r~-'37011
PAGE I'; I
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS COMMERCIALLY
PURE

120

80

40

~
0
~---+~~~----+---~60~ 120
"'
iil
l.:
~0

~ 40
li: 60 1---'~-1---___..:~----,
"' 0
40

ffi 20
~ e
...
Ill

0
0 0~-----2~0~0-.--~40~0----~60_0_____8L00_____10~00 0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMP- F
TBMP- F FIG. 3.0316 EFFECTS OF TEST TEMPERATURE, HOLDING
TIME AND STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
FIG. 3. 0314 BFFBCT OF TBST TBMPERATURB ON TBNSILB
OF Tl- 70 SHEET
PROPBRTIBS OF ANNBAl.BD AND OF COLD WORKBD
(16, p. 102-107)
0. 064 INTi-55 SHBBT
(17), (19, p. 31)

60

so
Tl-55
0. 187 IN SHBBT

40

30

20

10

TBMP- F STRAIN - IN PER TN

FIG. 3,0321 SfRESS STRAIN CURVES IN
FIG. 3. 0315 BFFECT OF TBST TBMPBRATURB ON TBNSILB
COMPRESSION FOR TISS AT
STRENGTii OF ANNEALED AND OF COLD WORKED
ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPER-
0.187IN Tl-55 SHEET
ATURES
(17, p. 168, 177) {19, p. 55) (23)

CODE 3701
Ti
COMMERCIALLY
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

PURE
-: i
100
\......,../

80

~
50 20~----~----~~--~--~~~~

~
40 0
400 600 800 1000
TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 0324 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON SHEAR
20 STRENGTH OF Tl-55 SHEET (17,p. 167,176)

0
400 600 bOO 1000
TEMP- F
PIG. 3.0322 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON COM-
PRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH OF Ti-55 SHEET
(17. p. 163,172)(19, p. 28)

TEMP- P
PIG. 3.0325 EFFECTS OF TEST TBMPBRATURB AND STRAIN RATE
ON TORSION STRENGTH 0 P n -70 BAR ( 18, p. 103)

u;
:.:
160 80 ':::1
a:

"'"'
40

0
"'80~----1------+----_,~~==~~~-r-=~~
..:I

t:

0 ~o----~2~0~0----~.too~--~o~o~o----s*-oo,---~IOOO
TEMP- F
TBMP- F
FIG. 3. 0323 HFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON BEARING
PROPERTIES OF Ti-55 SHEET FIG, 3.0326 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON IMPACT STRENGTH
(17) (19, p. 26)
OF VARIOUS GRADES OF TITANIUM (22)

CODE 3701
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS COMMERCIALLY
PURE

100
Tl
80
'- ;-- RT"- r - - - 1---
60

--- --- ---t-

400 p

20 ~'
8~ '
~'
I'...,
20 60 80 10
NOTCH DEPTH - PERCENT ~.........
FIG. 3.0331 EFFECTS OF NOTCH DEPTH AND LOW
TEST TEMPERATURES ON THE NOTCH
STRENGTH RATIO OF Tl-70 BAR
6 """" ~--
(13, TBL. B-7)
I~ [:::. ............
I'

"""
RUPTURE
- Tl-55 !'-
- - Tl-70
2 I 10 100 1000
RUFI'URB TIMB - HR
PIC. 3, 042 CREEP RUPTURE CURVES FOR Tl55 AND
Tt-.70 AT RT TO 1000 P (7)

16
"'"--
--.. Tl

14 ~
K
'
""'
10

0 200
TEMP-i'
PIG. 3. 061 MODULUS OP ELASTICITY AT VARIOUS
TEMPERATURES
' 800
"" 1000

(7)

8r---~----~----r---~
Tl
0. 050 IN WlRB

0 400 800 1200 1600

TEMP P
TIMB -HR
FIG. 3. 062 MODULUS OF RIGIDITY AT ROOM
PIG. 3. 041 TOTAL STRAIN CURVES FOR Tl-70 SHEET AND BLBVATBD TBMPBRATURBS
AT 600 TO 1200 P (20, p. H, 35) (23)

CODE 37(11
I I

COMMERCIALLY NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVI SED MARCH 1963

PURE

70 -......_,,.../'
"TI-55
0. OM IN SHEET
ANN
60

so
ION

40
;;;
:.<
30

20

10 REFERENCBS

I AMS 4902, (Aug. 15, 1955)

2 AMS 4941, (July I, 1956)
3 AMS 4951, (March 1, 1958)
0 0 .. 8 12 16 20 4
5
AMS 4900 A ~Aug. 15, 1955)
AMS 4901 B, (Aug. IS, 1955)
1000 KSI C> AMS 4921 A, (July I, 1957)
FIG. 3.064 TA!Il>ENr MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION 7 More, M, W., Hooper, R. B., and Frost, P. D., "Engineering
AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES Properties of Commercial Titanium Alloys", TML Report No. 92,
(19, p. 86, 87) (JWIC 4, 1958)
8 1\xlnicks, E. R., and LoJZan, B. j., "Damping, Elasticity, and
Fatigue Properties of Tllmlium Alloys, High Temperature Alloys,
Stainless Steels and Glass Laminate at Room and Elevated Temp-
eratures", WADC TR 56-37, (March 1956)
9 Hatch, A. j., Tllmlium Metals Corporation of f.merlca, Alloy
Evaluation Program Summary for 1957-58, Project 48-22 MRD
No. 56, (Oct. 6, 1958)
10 RemCru Titanium Data Sheet, "Rcm-Cru A-40, A-55 and A-70",
(May, 19.58) II
11 Lepkowski, W. j., and Holladay, j. W., "11lc Peyslcal Properties
of Titanium and Tllmlium Alloys", TML Report No. 73, (July 25, IS
1957)
12 Schwartzbart, llnrry, and Brown, W. F., Jr.. "Notchllar Tensile
Properties of Various Matcrials and thclr RclaJ:ion to the Unnotch
Flow Curve and Notch Sharpness", ASM Preprint No. 37, (1953)
13 Holden, F. C., "Notch Sensitivity of Tllmlium and Titanium
Alloys, " TML Report No. 69, (April 26, 1957)
14 King, B. j., and Lundstrom, H. M., "SbortTime High-Temper-
ature Dam of Tllmlium Sheet RC-70, Bell Aircraft Corporation,
Report No. 55114, (JWIC 17, 1955)
15 Doerr, D. D., "Determlnstion of Peysical Properties of Nonferrous
Structural Sheet Mab>rials at Elevated Temperatures", AFTR
6517 Part 1, Supplement 1, (F cb. 1953)
16 Dotaon, Clifford L., and ICattus, Robert j., ''Tensile Properties
of Aircraft Strucrural Metals at Various Rntes of Loading After
Rnpld Heating," WADC TR 55-199, Part I, (Aug. 1955)
17 Doerr, D. D., "Determlnntion of Peysical Properties of Non
ferrous Structural Sheet Material at Elevated Temperatures, "
AFTR 6517 Part I, (Dec. 1951)
18 Klier, E. P., Feola, N., Viggiano, A. and Weiss, V., "11lc
Properties of Constructional Metals as a Function of Temperarure
and Strain Rate in Torsion". WADC TR 56-216, (Jan. 1956)
19 Miller, Danald E., "Dctcrmination of the Tensile, Compressive
w1d llcaring Properties o! Ferrous and Nonferrous Structural
Sheet Matcrials nt Elevated Temperatures," AFTR 6517 Part 5,
(Dec. 1957)
20 Van Bcho, j. A., Gullotti, D. V., lliblr. j. R., and Simmons,
W. F., "Shor: ~1mc Creep Properties o! Structural Sheet Mater
lals lor Aircr.:;: .llld Missiles , "AFTR 6731, Part 4, (Jan. 1956)
21 "Personal Communication" with john Sc~sler, (1958)
2Z Rem-cru ( ltanlum, inc., "Rcm-~ru A-40, ASS aoj A-70,"
Data s:~cct, (AlJ6118t J, 1957)
23 TML Memo. (1958)

.... ,.
CODE 3701
PAGE 10
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 19&8 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
J. L. SHANNON

1.0 GENERAL Involve beta-anncnllng prior to solution trcatiag and

Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V is a heal treatable alpha beta type
aging. This produces a transformed structure or Ti
acicular morphology claimed to have good touglmess
titanium alloy whl.ch combines good formability In the
solution treated condition with the ablllty to be aged to
and satisfactory salt watCr crack propagation resistance, 4 AI
but reduced ductility which results In poor formability.
an ultimate strength of 180 to 200 ksi. It is available
Thus, the duplex anneal treatment was developed for 3 Mo
primarily In form of sheet, strip and plate. The weid-
ablllty or the alloy is fDir. good formablllty.
These selected beat trealmenls alcng with all others v
1.01 Commercial Designation Investigated In that study arc plotted as strength versus
apparent fracture touglmcss In Figure 3. 02714 and
4Al-3Mo-1V Titanium Alloy.
strength versus salt water crack propagation resistance
1.02 Alternate Designations In Figure 2. 0311. The selected heal treatments arc
identified in each figu rc.
Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V, C-115MoV, RS-115, MST 431.
It can be seen that the selection of heal troatments from
.1.03 SpecUi~
these type or" duta must be somewhat arbitrary and It
Table 1.03 would appear that a systematic study is needed to
TABLE 1.03 definitely establish the claimed superiority In touglmess
of beta-annealing prior to solution treating and aging.
Source Specification Number Form Nevertheless, data for thcso special heal treated
conditions arc presented through- out the cbnpter,aloag
AMS -4912 Sheet
Bar
with results for the standurd heal treatments
BMS 7-87
Boeing recommended above.
XBMS 7-175 &"hcct,Strip
Convair FMS 0132
Grumman 1200- 2M Sheet, Strip 1.06 Hardcnabllity
Plate 1.061 The alloy possesses intermediate bardcnabillty and a
Military MlL-T-9046F useful degree of hardening is obtained on water
North Americnn LB-Dl70-104 quenching and aging in thicknesses up to 2 inch. It Is
superior to Ti-6Al-4V in this respect.
1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
1.071 Alloy is available in the full commercial rnnge of sizes
1.04 Composition for sheet, strip nnd plate.
Table 1.04 1.072 These products arc supplied In the annealed, solution
TABLE 1.04 treated or aged condition.

:>Ourec (8, p. 7) (4, p. 2) (10) 1. 08 Melting and Casting Practice

Consumable electrode double vacuum melt.
Percent Percent Percent
Min Max 11:m Max Min Max 1. 09 Special Considerations
Aluminum 3.75 4.75 3.75 4.75 3.75 4.75 Sec Ti, Commercially Pure.
Molybdenum 2.5 3.5 2,5 3,5 2.5 3,5 1.091 Stability. All available stability data on this alloy
Vanadium 0.75 1.25 0.6 1.4 0.6 1.4 relate to the effect of exposure to elevated temperatures
Carbon - 0.08 - 0.10 - 0.15 wiU1 and without load on the subsequent room tempor-
lrcn - 0.25 - 0.35 - 0.20 aturc smooth tensile properties. No data is available
Nitrogen - 0.05 - 0.05 - 0.05 at this time on the stability determined from specimens
Hydrogen - 0.015 - 0.015 - 0.015 containing cracks, a more scnsiUvc indicator. Thus,
Titanium Balance Balance Balance only tentative conclusions regarding the elevated
tcmpcratu rc stability of this alloy can be made at this
time.
1.05 Heat Treatment Short time exposures (up to 1 hour) at temperatures
Anneal. 1250F, 2 hour. up to IOOOF applied aftor solution treatment but before
1.051
Stress relic[. 900 to HOOF, 1/2 to 8 hour. aging appear to have no effect on subsequent room
1.052
Solution !.real. temperature smooth tensile properf.lcs, ( ngure
1.053
Sheet by furnace drop quench or roller leveler quench 3.02109 ). The effect of exposure following complete
1.0531
methods. 1630 to 1650F, 10 to 30 minutes, water solution treatment and aging depends on the particular
quench. heat treated condition and the time, temperature and
1.0532 Sheet by resistance heating method. 1630 to 1650F, stress level of exposure.
~or fully aged material, modornte exposure Urnes (up
2 1/2 to 5 minutes, wator quench.
to 150 hours) at BOW with load (up to 65 ksl) or without
load generally produce no ~i;;nificant changes In room
Age. 910 to 9-tOF, 6 to 12 hours. temperature smooth tensile properties, (Tables 3. 02110
1.054
anti 3.02111). One exception Is shown In Table 3.02110
1.0.'.~ A recent study ( Ref 14 ) bas explored the Influence of where 100 hour exposure at 800F without load produced
heat treating variables on critical properties of this a slight reduction in yield strength and elongation. This
alloy for Intended usc In supersonic Dircrnft is In contrast to three otllcr values reported showing no
application. An exhaustive number of time-temperature such deleterious effect.
cycles was invesllgatcd from which three optimum If this altoy is used in an underaged condition, instability
heat treatments were selected as follows: may result as a conscqucnc<l of additional aging under
high strength: 1875F, 30 minutes, AC + the exposure e01iditions. Thus, Table 3.02112 shows
1725F, 30 minutes, WQ+ a significMt loss in clnngaUon for sheet aged at
1050F, 8 hour, AC. IOOOF for only 30 minutes and subsequently exposed
high toughness: 1875F, 30 minutes, AC + 100 hours at 800F without load. Similarly, a strength
1725F, 30 minutes, WQ+ Increase with nn associated loss In elongation Is shown
ll50F, 8 hour, AC. for sheet aged nt 1050F for 15 minutes and exposed
good toughness and formability: 1000 hours, 45 ksi at 800F, (Table 3.02113).
1725F, 30 minutes, AC + For sufficiently 1<-ng exposure times, even fully aged
!050F, 8 hour, AC. material exhibits some instability at 800F with load.
The high strength and high toughness heat treatments Table 3. 02114 shows a loss In yield strength for sheet
I I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1918

In the recommended heat treated condition, exposed by a consldernble margin.

Ti 1000 hours at BOOF with 40 ksl load, but not when ex-
posed without load. Tobie 3. 02113 shows a pronounced
4 AI change In smooth properties under similar exposure
conditions for sheet aged at high temperatures for shorter
3 Mo times.
Instnb!Uty Is quite severo for conventionally heat
v treated sheet exposed to very high temperatures for
even very short times, (Figure 3. 02115).
1.092 loading rate. The effect of applied stress rate must be
considered In the design of structures that m<perloncc
vartnble loading rates In service. Unlike steels and
aluminum alloys, titanium alloys may exhibit decreasing
toughness with decreasing loading rate, (sec Figures
3.03104 and 3.03105). These effects arc poorly documented
on the basis of avallnble dnta and consldcrnbly more
experimentation Is necessary to establish their practical
significance. This behavior could also Influence
the magnitude of effects observed for sustained lead
test, since the baseline toughness determined from
continuous loading tests will vary with loading rate.
1.093 Intcrstltials. Variations In Interstitial clement content.
even within the normal compositional limits, can
strongly Influence the strength properties of titanium
alloys (Ref 22). Figure ! . 0931 shows a continuous and
marked Increase In strength with Increasing hydrogen
content for this alloy over the range Investigated. In
contrast,a sharp reduction In elongation occurs around
125 ppm, appreciably less than the 150 ppm specified
maximum. It may well be that a more sensitive test
lnwlvlng the usc of cracked specimens would suggest
hydrogen levels be reduced still further below those
commercially acccplnblc at the present time. However,
Figure 1. 0932 on the Influence of hydrogen content on
sustained loading characteristics of cracked specimens
In nlr and salt water seem to belle this hypothesis.
1.0931 Effect of hydrogen content on room temperature smooth
tensile properties of solution lrcalud and aged sheet.
Figure 1. 0931.
1.0932 Effect of hydrogen content on sustained load crack-
growth behavior In air and 3.5 percent NaCI solution
for beta-annealed plus solution treated and ar,cc.l plate.
Figure 1. 0932.
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PHOPERTII'S
2.01 Thermal Properties
2.011 Melting temperature, approldmatcly 30001'.
2,012 Phase changes. Alloy transforms on cooling from beta
Figure 2. 0312 shows a pronounced Influence of sheet
thickness for beta-annealed.plus solution treated and
aged stock. A similar thickness dependence has been
shown for TI-BA1-1Mo-1V alloy (Ref 22).
The fatigue crack growth rates for this alloy In 3.5
percent NaCI solution generally exceed those In air or.
distilled water (see Figures 2.0313 to 2.0315).
However. It can be seen that In certain circumstances
tbc fatigue crack growth behavior In distilled water Is
not much different than In aqueous 3. 5 percent NaC I
solution (viz., the beta- annealed plus solution treated
nild aged condition for 0.16 Inch sheet R = 0. 05).
Previous exposure at 55 0F, 25 ksl for 2500 hours
appears to have no deleterious effect on the sustained
load crack propagation resistance of this alloy In salt
water (Tobie 2.0316).
2.0311 ECfccl of yield strength level on 6 hour sustained load
crack strength of plate In 3.5 percent NaCI solution at
room temperature, Figure 2. 0311.
2.0312 Sustained load behavior at room temperature In 3.5
percent NaCI solution for duplex annealed sheet and beta-
annealed plus solution treated and aged sheet and plato,
Figure 2. 0312
2.0313 Fatigue crack growth behavior In air, distilled water,
and 3.5 percent NaCI solution for duplex annealed sheet
and beta-annealed plus solution treated and aged plate,
Figure 2. 0313.
2.0314 Fntih'llc-crack growth rates In air, distilled water and
3,5 percent NaCI solution for duplex annealed sheet,
Figure 2.0314.
2.0315 Fatigue-crack growth rntcG In air, distilled water and
3.5 percent NaCI solution for shP.cl and plate beta-
annealed plus solution treated and aged, Figure 2. 0315.
2.0316 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature with load
on room temperature tensile and salt water crack
propagation J>ropcrtlcs of solution treated and aged plate,
Table 2. 0316.
TABLE 2.03!6
Source Boeing ( 14, p. 78)
Alloy TI-4Al-3Mo-!V
Form o. 5-in nlntc
Condition 1640~. I hr, WQ+ !175F, Bhr, FC

to alpha+ bela at 1730 to 17801'. (ii BOF/hr to 900F,AC

2.013 Thermal conductivity, Figure 2.013.
2.014 Thermal expansion, Figure 2.014. Subsequent RT Propcrtlcs(l)
2,015 Specific heat, Figure 2. 015.
Temp Time (2)
2,02 Other Physical Properties F hrs
2.021 Density. 0.163 lb per cu ln. -1.52 gr per cu em. ksl .,[!;
2.022 Electrical resistivity.
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic.
None--- 145.2 139.5 19 57
2. 03 Chemical Properties 72
450 25 895 !45.5 141.1 15 53 76
2.031 Salt water corroslrm. For certain critical applications
450 25 2522 144.1 137.5 17 54 77
Um resistance to crack propagation In aggressive liquid
550 25 894 146.2 140.0 15 53 75
environments under sustained and repented loading Is
550 25 253? 144.4 137.6 16 56 72
an Important design requirement.
The sustained-load cracking behavior of this uHoy In 3,:
percent NaCI solution Is shown In Figure 2.0311 for a
broad range of heat treated conditions Investigated by
one fabricator. This fabricator selected the three heat
treated conditions Identified In Figure 2.0311 as
providing optimu.n combinations of fracture toughness
and salt water corrosion resistance at three dUCcrcnt (!)Average values for duplicate
strength levels (sec also 1.055). As Indicated In trnnsvcroc specimens:
Figure 2. 0311 there Is a strong dependence of corrosion 0. 015 Inch removed from
0. 5 Inch thick
susccptlb!Uly on tho yield strength level. surface after exposure.
These results, when compared with slm!la.- data obtained Crack Notch Bond Specimen
(2) Maximum Initial stress Intensity RW Direction
for TI-6Al-4V alloy (Ref 14), Indicate suparlor stress factor, K 1c , for G hour Ufo und.>r
corrosion resistance for Ti-IA1-3Mo-IV. Add!Uonnlly,
sustained load In 3. 5 percent NaCI
the salt water crack propagation resistance of
solution at room tcnj 1 )crature~
TI-4AI-3Mo-IV exceeds that of 'l'I-8Al-1Mo-IV alloy
--------------------~
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.02103 Effect of anncallng treatment on room temperature

3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIE S
tensile properties of plate, Table 3. 02103. Ti
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties TABLE 3.02103
3.011 Producers' specified mechanical properties,
4 AI
Table 3. on. Source Boeing (14, p. 33) 3 Mo
TABLE 3.011 TI-4Al-3Mo- 1V

Source (8, p. 7) (10)

Alloy
Form
- o. 5 Inch plate
v
Alloy Ti-4Al-3Mo -1V Room Temperature Transverse Tests
Form
Condition Ann ST
Sheet
Aged ST Aged Annealing Treatment
Ftu
U:si I Fty
ksl
le(11n)
percent
I RA
percent
Ftu min-ks! 125 - 185 - 170 I I I
Fty, min-ks! 115 - 160 - 155
max-ksl
c(2inl min percent 10
- 130
12
-
5
135
12'
-
5'
1250F, 8 hr, AC
1400F, 2 hr, .\C
!'Ingle Anneal

I 127 .o
130.9
I
125.71
127.5
16
16 I 58
54
Thickness greater than o. 050 In

Beta Duplex Anneal

1875F, 1 hr. li.C
3.02 l'o! echanlcnl Properties at lloom Temperatur e 135.8 122.6 12 32
+ 12501', 8 hr, AC
(Sec also 3. 03).
3.021 Tension. 1875F, I hr. AC 124.3 11 23
137.6
3. 02101 Effect of solution treat temperature on room temper- + 1175F, 8 hr. AC
ature tcnslle properties or solution trcated,and solution
treated plus aged sheet. Figure 3. 02101.
3.02102 Effect of high solution treat temperature on room
temperature tensllc properties of solution treated and Alpha-Beta Duplex Annen!
aged pint.>, Figure 3. 02102. 17:!5F, 1 hr, '\C 142.9 129.5 20 5o!
+ 10501', 8 hr. AC
1725F, 1 hr, ,\C 138.0 126.2 18 54
+ 11501', 8 hr. AC

:1,02104 Effect of aging temperuture on ru,>m temperature

tensile properties of solution treated and aged sheet,
Figure a. 02101.
3,02105 Effect of aging tcmperatum on room temperature
tensile properties of soluti.on treated and aged plate,
~'lgure 3.02105.
3,02106 Eff<'Ct of aging time on room temperature tensile
properties of solution treated and aged pl.~tc,
Figure 3.021vu.
3.02107 Effect of short ac!ng times at three aging temperature s
on room temperature tcnsilu properties of solullon
treated and aged 3hcct, Figure 3. 02107
:1.02108 Effr.ct of prior beta-anneali ng on room temperature
t"nsilc pl'>pcrtics of solution treated and aged plate,
Table 3. 02108.

TAB I.E 3.02108

Boclllg (14.PJ>.32-33)
Source
TI-4AI-3Mo -1V
Alloy
o. 5 Inch plate
Form
Room Temperatur e Transverse Tests
Heat Treatment
Ft
k.r I Fty
k;;-\
I c(11n)
n~ rerun
I nA
ru>rennl
Ftu
_k.:;t l Fty
k.:.i I:~~~l I HA

18001', I hr, AC Prior Annen! No Prior Anneal

19 158.5 I 16

I
54

I
139.7 8 147.1
1640F, 1 hr, WQ + llOOF, 8 hr, AC
1640F, 1 hr, WQ+ 1175F, 8 hr, ;.c
149.7
145.6 I 129.7
I 10 20 143.7
I 135.9

No Prtor Anneal
17 57

21001', 1 hr, AC Prior Anneal

1640F, 1 hr, W{)+ llOOF, 8 hr, AC 157.7

I 145.0 I 4
I B 158.5
I 147. I I 16
I 54

18751', 1 hr, AC Prtor Anneal No Prior Anneal

46

I I I
15
I
178.8
I
175.0 154.5 4 10 161.61
1725F, 1 hr, WQ + 1050F, 8 hr, AC 162.4 158.6 13 50
137.2 7 16
1725F, 1hr, WQ+ U50F, 8hr, AC 154.8
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

3.02109 Effect or short time exposure to elevated temperatures 3.02112 Effect of 100 hour exposure at 800 F without load on
Ti after solution treatment on room temperature tensile room temperature tensile properties of sheet in three
properties of aged sheet, Figure 3. 02109. solution treated and aged conditions, Table 3. 02112.
4 AI 3.o211o Effect of 100 hour exposure at BOO F without load on
room temperature tensile properties of solution
Mo TABLE 3.02112
3 treated and aged sheet, Table 3. 02110.

v Source T.M.C.A. (151

Allov TI-4Al-3Mo-1V
TABLE 3.02110 Form 0. 040 inch sheet
Condition 1640F 10 min, WO + Ae:c
RT Tensile Properties*
Source T.M.C.A. (16,pp.5-l;) Before Exposure After 100 Hr, BOOF
Alloy Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V

I I
Aging Trcalm;ml Exposure
Form
Condition
Sheet
1640F, 10 min, roller leveler
Ftu
ksl
I Fty le(2 in)
ksl percent
Ftu
ksl
Fly
ksl
e(2in)
percent
spray quenched + 925F, G hr, AC

RT Loi Tensile PTperties 1000F, 30 mb1,AC 192.9 5.5 196.81 176.41 3.2
Heat Gage Exposure r78.7
Ftu Fty e 1125F, 5 mln,AC 184.6 171.7 5.8 187.2 175.0 5.2
in Condition ksl ksl percent 112.5F, 15 mln,AC 184.6 171.0 1 5.2 180.4 168.51 4.0
*

A
0.040 I None I ~02.0 185.8 4
Longitudinal Tests

I
A 0.040 Nm.c 200.3 183.0 5
A
A
0.040
0.0-10
800F,10il hr
800F,10(1 hr
203.1
203.5
185.8
183.4 I 5
6

B 0.050 None l9b.8 169.6 5

B 0.050 None 198.1 169.6 5
3.02113 ~;rrcct of 1000 hour exposure al 800 F with load on room
B 0.050 BOOF, 100 hr 197.5 167.2 5
lemperntu re tensile properties of solution treated nnd
B 0.050 800F, 100 hr 196.0 162.8 3a5
aged sheet, Table 3. 02113.

3.02111 Effect of 150 hour exposure at 800 and 850 F with load
on room temperature tensile properties of solution
treated nnd aged sheet, Tlhle 3.02111. TADL~; 3.0211:1

Source T.M.C.A. IJ8,n.31

TABLE 3.02111
Aiiov Ti-4AI-3Mo-1V
Source T.M.C.A. 1151 Form 0. 050 inch sheet
Aliov Tl-4Ai-3Mo-IV Condition 1640F 10 min roller snrnv nuel1Ch i n.oe
Form o. 090 inch sheet ,\ging Subsequent
Trcatmcn Creep Exposure HT Tensile Properties
Condition 16401-', 10 min, WQ
<925F, 6 hr, AC Temp
F
I I I
Stress
ksi
Time
hrs
Plastic
def.
percent
Ftu
ksi
I I
Fly
ksi
e(1 in)
percent

Temp
150 ilr Creep Exposure
Stress I Total
lsubscqucnl itT Tensile PropertMJ
Ftu ~ly I
I I
Deform c(1 In)
F ksl ksi ksi None
I
-allen percent ~~one 140.9 13.0
1109.31
oercenl None 14fi.8 109.9 20.0
I I I --

---None
I 196 I 166 I 6.3(2)
112fiF,
----- None 186.9 164.3 10.0
5 min,
AC
None ---- 187.8 164.0 7.0

I I I
II
800 44.5 10061 1.45 189.9 178.3 5.0
t50 35 0.42 1~4 160 z.o< 3 l 800 16.6 1006 1.18 186.3 172.6 4.0
eoo 35 0.20 HIS 161 8.0
800 50 0.35 196 170 G.5
:"iOO 65 0.72 196 167 7.0
1050F, None 191.1 161.1 8.0
15 mfn, None 189.3 165.3 8.0
(1) Longitudinal t.t.sts, as exposed condition.
AC
(2) Elongation in 2 !ncb gage length.
(:l) Fractu rod al gage mark.
BOO
800 I 43.5
45.5
I
1006
1006 I l.OS
1.77
199.3
192.5
173.4
188.0
s.o
6.0
~:xposed specimens tested wllhoul surfa.::c r.ondilioning.
 II

REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

propor tios o(
3.0241 Room temper ature smooth tensile and bclld
3.0211 4 Effect o 1000 bour exposu re to elevate d temper
ature
tenstle solutio n annealed sheet (rom two boats, Table 3.0241 . Ti
with and without load on room temper ature
proper ties of solutto n treated and aged sheet.
Table 4 AI
3.0211 4.
TABLE 3.0241 3 Mo
Source TMC A 116 n~~\
Ti-4AI -3Mo-1 V
I v
Alloy
Form Sheet
1G40F, 10 mln, roller leveler
TABLE 3.0211 4 Conditi on sprny quench
Source I (5) e Minimu m
~tr
Ileal Gage Directi on Flu
Alloy Ti-4AI -3Mo-1 V in ksl percen t Bend
Form o. 063 inch sheet Raollus
Condit ion 1650F, 2.5mln , WQ>90 0F,12 hr T(1)
1000 hr exposu re at RT proper ties after exposu re
e(2 In)
Temp- F load-k si F 111-ksi Fty-ksi percen t

RT
600
-
-
44.8
195
195
188
159
161
156
7.5
8.0
7.0
A
A
1 0.040!
0.040
L
T
142.9
141.1 I
109.3
103.8 I I-14.5
14.0
3.9

800 - 198 161 7.0

I I
40.1 185 152 7.0 16.0 4.0
99.3
900 - 173 154 6.5
G.O
D
B
I o.osol
0.050 T
L 139.51
138.5 98.6 14.5 4.1
36.1* 146 136
I (1) Minimu m bend radius, R/t, for 1050 nfter
sprlngh nck.
sou hr cxnosu rc

3.025 Torsio n and Shear.

3.026 Bearin g.
3.027 St ross Concen tration .
3.0271 Notch proper ties.
rature
3.0271 1 Effect of stress concen tration on room l.cmpe
sheet,
notch strengt h of solutio n treated and nged
Figu rc 3. 02711.
ature smooth
3.0271 2 Effect of aging I.cmperatu re on room temper
.-!gure
and sharp notch tensile proper ties of sheet,
3,0271 Z.
ature
3.0271 3 Effect of aging lcmper ature on room temper
ens,
strengt h of smooth and center cracke d specim
Figure 3.0271 3.
c
3.0271 4 Effect of yield strengt h level on appare nt fl-nctur
Figure
toughn ess, KQ, of plate at room temper ature,
3.0271 4.
3.028 Combin ed Proper ties.

3.03 Mechan ical Proper ties at Variou s Tempe ratures

3.031 Tensio n.
ties of
3.0310 1 Effect of test l.cmpcr aturc on tensile proper
1.
solullo n treated and aged shoot ..-I~t~~re 3.0310
400 .F tensile
3.0310 2 Variati on In room temper ature tensile and
nture solutio n
3.0211 5 Effect of short time exposu re to elevate d temper and compre ssive smooth proper ties for five
solutio n Table
on room temper ature tensile proper ties of treated nnd aged aheets from a single heat,
treated nnd aged sheet, Figure 3. 02115. 3. 03102.
500 F nfter on
3.0211 6 Effect of stretch ing at room temper ature or 3.0310 3 Effect of roiUng reducti on and test temper ature
proper ties shoot,
solutio n treatin g on room temper nture tensile tensile proper ties of solutio n rrented and aged
Figure 3.0211 6.
of sheet stretch ed or stretA.:hed nnd aged, Figure 3. 03103.
Effect of slret.cb lng nfter 100lullon treatin g
on room and -65 F on
3.0211 7 3.0310 4 Effect of loading rate at room temper ature
ties of sheet IIIealed plus
temper ature tcnsilo and compre ssive proper appare nt fractur e toughn ess of plate beta-1U
atures,
subseq uently aged at throe differe nt temper solutio n treated nnd aged, Figure 3.0310 4.
nnd -65 F on
Figure 3,0211 7. 3.0310 5 Effect of luullng rate at room temper ature
temper ature nealed plus
3.0211 8 Effect of stress relief temper ature on room appare nt fractur e toughn ess of shoot beta-an
solutio n
tensile nnd compr essive proper ties of shoot solutio n troatcd and agod, ngure 3.0310 5.
solutio n
treated , stress relieve d Md aged, and shoot 3.0311 Stress Strain Dlagra ms
troatcd , Rtret.ch ed, stress relieve d Md aged, 3.0311 1 Stress strain curves at room and clcvalc d
temper atures
Figure 3. 02118.
temper ature for solutio n treated sheet, Figure 3.0311 1.
3.0211 9 Effect of stress relief temper nture on room 3.0311 2 Stress st.rain curves at room and elevate d
temper atures
solutio n
tensile and compre ssive proper ties of shoot for solutio n treated nnd nged shoot, Figure
3. 03112.
solutio n
tro.'ll.ed, aged Md stress relieve d, and sheet 3.0311 3 Stress strain curves at room and clevo!.cd
temper atures
d,
treated , stretch ed, aged and ytrcss relieve for anneale d sheet, Fl~t~~re 3,0311 3.
Figure 3. 02119. 3.032 Compr ession.
3. 02119).
3.022 Compr ession, (soo figures 3. 02117 through 3.0320 1 Effect of I.cst I.cmpe rature on compr essive
yl"ld Rlrcngt h
3. 03201.
3.023 1mpncl . of ROiutlon treated and aged sheet, Figure
3.024 Bondin g.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

3.03202 Variation In room temperature tensile and 400 F tensile

Ti and compressive smooth properties for five solution
treated and aged sheets from 11. single heat, Table
4 AI 3.03102.
TAliLE 3, 03102
3 Mo
T.M.C.A. (17 ,pp, 2 and 51
I v Source
Alloy Tl-4Al-3Mo-1V
Form n RR' In,' oh

Condition 1640- 1R~nl' 1n ~In "' ~!!251" 1? hr ,,...

Sheet R'I Tensile 400F Tensile 400FCompressivE

No. Propertlesll)
(3)
Ftu
ksi
Pjpe:tlesf
Fty
ksl
e(2 In)
percent
Ftu
ksl
r
Propertler
Fty
ksl
e(1ln)
percent
Fey
ksl
Ec
10 ksl

1 200.7 170.0 5.0 169.9 147.5 6.5 156.2 16.4

200.5 174.0 3.5 167.7 146.1 7.0 150.5 15.4
158.0 15.3
147.3 15.3

z(2) 1197.4
194.8 I 171.81 3.0
174.3 3,5 I I
166.5
164.8
142. j
145.8
1 7.0
5.0 I 173.0
148.0 I 16.2
15.3

167.7 140.91 7.0 144.2 15.9

3 158.81 5.0
I I I
1193.6
199,7 165.0 6,0
I I
167.9 138.8 9,0 144.1
144.0
15.3
15.6

I 7.0 147.2 15.6

I
4 1199.9 172.1 6.0 166.0 148.21
199.7
I 168.1 5.5
I I
167.1 140.1 8.0
r
145.0
146.3
15.9
15.5

5 I 203.9 175.3,5.5 140.81 8. 0 146.0 14.7

I I
201.1 173.2 6.5 1167.91
165.7 142.0 7.0 148.3 15.1
144.9 15.1
1
(1) Longitudinal Tests.
(2) Sheet out-<lf-flat by over 2 percent -believed responsible for spread In Fey
(3) From one heat.

3. 0321 Stress strain diagrams.

3. 03211 Stress strain cu rvcs in compression nt room and
elevated temperatures for solution treated and aged
sheet, Figure 3. 03211.
3.033 lmpnct.
3.034 Bending.
3,035 Torsion anrl Shear.
3.0351 Effect o! test temperature on shear strength of solution
treated and aged sheet, Figure 3,0351.
3.036 Jleartng.
3.0361 E!fect o! test temperature on bearing properties of
solution treated and aged sheet, Figure 3. 0361.
TAJJLE 3. 0401

Source Bocln~~: 114. n7 81

Alloy Tl-4Al-3Mo-1V
Form 0 5 In<!~ olnte
1640F, 1 hr, WQ+ 1175F, 8br,FC
Condition
@ 80F/hr to 900F AC

C rccp Conditions Creep Elongation

tn 10 Inch
Stress Time gage length
Temp
F I ksi I hr ~-In per in

450 25 1000 <25.7

450 25 2500 23.2
550 25 1000 43.6
550 25 2500 64.8
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.037 Stress Concentration. alpha+ beta transformation temperature. This produces . - - - - - - - ,

3,0371 Effect of test temperature and stress concentration on an equlaxed grain structure cbaracterlzed by high Ti
notch strength or solution treated and aged sheet , ductility, essential In forming operations. It has been
Figure 3. 0371, claimed, however, that superior fracture toughness Is 4 AI
3,0372 Effect or test temperature on strength and apparent associated with a structure and ductility characteristic
toughness or plate beta-annealed plus solution of material treated nbow the beta transus, Thus some 3 Mo
fabricators (Ref 14) use btJta-rolllng for applications
3.038
treated and aged, Figure 3. 0372.
Combined properties. requiring high fracture toughness. v
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties 4,03 ~
3.0401 Creep properties of solution treated and aged plate, See THiAl-4V.
Table 3. 0401.
3,0402 Total strsln curves at 600 and BOO F for solution treated 4,04 Heating and Heat Treating
and aged sheet, Figure 3, 0402, See Ti-6AI-4V.

3.05 Fatigue Properties

3. 0511 Room temperature smooth and mild notch fatigue
properties of solution treated and aged sheet, Figure
3.0511.
3.0512 Fatlgue-ersck growth behavior at room temperature
for solution treated and aged sheet, Figure 3. 0512.

3.06 Elastic Prr.pertles

3.061 Modulus of elasticity at various temperatures, Figure
3.061.
3.062 Tangent modulus curves In compression at room and
eievated temperatures, Figure 3. 062.
3,063 Secant modulus curves In compression at room and
elevated temperatures, Figure 3. 063.

4. FABRICATION
See Tl, Commercially Pure. Only different or
complementary Information Is listed below. Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V
4.01 Forming and Casting' 0, 060 IN ''HEET
4.011 Gcmeral, This alloy can be formed In various conditions !650F, 1/2 HR, WQ +
depending on the type and severity of operation, 20 0 900F, Z4 HR, AC
1111,

,...-..
4.012 The solution treated condition can be bent, stretched and
I"'
1--'
0~~
joggled cold. Stretch flanges, shrlr.k flanges and drop
hammer work require cold preforming and hot finish FTU
forming or sizing. Stretching solution treated sheet 0
19
Increases Its room temperature tensile propel'lic~
(Figure 3. 02116), Subsequent aging, of course, produces
ru rther strengthening ; however. this strengthening
may bo Independent ol the amount of previous stretching ,
80
(Figure 3. 02116) and may be less for greater amounts
of prior strotchlng,(Figure 3.02117). Tho compressive
yield strength of aged sheet Is lowered by stretching
F
TY
L---- t--
Ja
1'-'

prior to agtng, (Figure 3. 02117).

Creep or hot. forming and hot sizing may be carried out 17 0 -v A

~
at 925 to lll!S F, holding In the dies for whatever time
Is necessary to attain properties (see short time aging
response In Figure 3. 02107). Stress strnln curves at
16 9-
room and elevated temperatures for solution treated
sheet, (Figure 3. 03111). 0' Jll""
4.013 The annealed condition Is useJ to form small radii and STRAIN RATE IN PER IN PER MIN

H
complex parts at 1100 to 1400F without harmful oxida- TO YIELD 0,005
tion. A sizing operation may be required after solution 15 0 PAST YIELD, 0.005 Se
treating .. Stress strain curves at room a11d elevated 0,05 DO
temperatures for annealed sheet, (Figure 3. 03113). RT TESTS
4,014 Fully or partially aged material can be stretch formed
cold to a limited extent to singly curved parts. Double 40
curvatures can be obtained from these by creep forming
at 850F without time limitation, at 900F, 2 hour
maximum or 1000F, 1 hour maximum. 0 II c
4.015 The bend factor for cold forming solution treated
material is 3. 5 for thicknesses up to 0. 070 Inch, and
4 for greater thlclcnesses. Slightly larger radii are
recommended for very long bends. IJttle advants.iA Is
20

.. - .. ~-n~
,.., ~

e(~R~~T~~~u:ss
e(Z-IN)
..
p
"" "'
0- Ia
gnlned by forming below 1000F, A bend radius of n
may be produced at 1150F. 0 50 100 150 zoo 250
4.016 Forging. Sts.rt!ng temperature, 1750F maximum,
finishing tem11eratures, 16501' minimum, To obtain HYDROGEN CONTENT - PPM
optimum proporlles, reductions equivalent to 25 to 40
percent should be performed In the alpha + beta range FIG. 1. 0931 EFFECT OF HYDROGEN CONTENT ON ROOM
In the final forging operation. Subsequent reheating, TEMPERATURE SMOOTH TENSILE PROPERTIES
such as required for sizing operations, should not OF SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED SHEET.
exceed a temperature of ..OOut 200F below the beta to (Zl)
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE D MARCH 1968

Ti CRACKE D BEND SPECIM EN

Ti-4Al-3 Mo-1V RW DIRECTI ON
4 AI 0. 500 iN PLATE
1875F, 30 MIN, AC + P_f 31~
3 Mo 17Z5F, 30 MIN, WQ + z ~
v 1150F, 8 HR, J..C
I l 0.3 ...L_A I. 5

i ~5; ~f-
0.5 TIIICK -
0 AIR I 0
I 0
0
I
I r
I
!1.5 PERCEN T NaCI SOLUTION

0
I
I
I
I.

RT SUSTAIN ED LOAD TESTS

I
0 I
60 80
I
100
T
IZO 140 160 lBO
HYDROG EN CONTEN T - PPM i:;B
f.<
~
F1G. I. 093Z EFFECT OF HYDROG EN CONTEN T 01\1 SUSTAIN ED- Ti-4AI-3 Mo-IV
LOAD CRACK- GROWTH BEHAVIO R IN AIR AND :1.5
a
Ul
PERCENT NaCI SOLUTION FOR BETA ANNEALE D PLUS a: 6
SOLUTIO N TREATE D AND AGED PLATE. ;.
(14. p. IZ6) a:
Iii
Cl.
!-<4
~
::>
f.<
IQ 0 zoo 400 600 BOO 1000
TEMP- F

FIG. Z. 013 THERMA L CONDUC TIVITY

(B, p. 7)

Ti-4AI-3 Mo-IV
_J
M};AN COEF WNEAR
THERMA L EXPANS ION
-~
-~--
1-

FROM RT TO TEMP
'0 INDICAT ED
4
0 zoo 400 600 BOO 1000
TEMP- F
FIG. Z. 014 THERMA L EXPANS ION
(8, p. 7)

~
' T i-4Al- 3Mo-IV
~ 0.15 -,
II:
Iii
ll.
SPECIFI C HEAT
-
i:
CQ
0.10
0 zoo 400 600 800
TEMP- F

FIG. Z.OI5 SPECIF1 C HEAT

 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
4 AI
3 Mo
I v

zco Ti-4AI-3Mo- IV
O. 5 IN PLATE

190 esTA
SINGLE ANN
,A DUPLEX ANN
BETA ANN + STA
180
(SEE REFERENCE FOR
SPECIFIC HEAT TREATMENT S)

170 SUSTAINED LOAD TESTS IN ,

3.5 PEilCENT NaCI SOLUTION AT
ROOM TEMPERATU RE

iii
:.:
160
>< ISO
f-<
~

140

130

120

110 '---~---.
L.... ___.___. . _____.____.
ZO 40 60 80 JOO JZO 140

MAXIMUM INITIAL STRESS INTENSITY !"ACTOR, Kli'

FOH G llll UFE IN 3.5 PEilCENT NnCI SOLUTION KSI.JiN
FIG. z. (I.} II EFFECT OF YIELD STRENGTH LEVEL ON 6-HOUR
SUSTAINED LOAD CRACK STRENGTH OF PLATE IN
:1.5 PEilCENT NnCI SOLUTION AT HOOl\1 TEliiPEHATU HE.
SELECTED HEAT TREATMENT S: HIGH STRENGTH,
187SF, 30 Min, AC + I 7ZSF, 30 Min, WQ 1 I OSOF,
8 Hr, AC; HIGH TOUGHNESS , !875F, 30 Min, AC 1
172.5F, 30 Min, WQ 1 IISOF, 8 Hr, AC; FORMABILIT Y,
17Z~F, 30 Min, AC + IISOF, B Hr, AC.
(14, pp. 32.-33)
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE D' MARCH 1968

Ti
4 AI
3 Mo

i
I.
v
'
I'
r
Ii
I
i
Ti-4A1-3M o-1V
RT SUSTAINE D LOAD TESTS ~
36 r-- --j
IN3.5PERC ENTNaC1 SOLUTIO N

I ~
~ zoo
4.ZI 1Z

CENTER CRACK SPECIME N

t
l
~
1\:R

........
I'-.
"--o. ~A I
- ...
e-.
c. . ~

;.rB
CD KAIR 0 ~

I~

(~~R
K - ..... .. _n-

.......
-- ~4
OPEN SYMBOLS = FIRST LOADING
rc ....
~

0 1-
CLOSED SYMBOLS = LOAD INCREASED IN 510 PERCENT
KAIR INCREMENTS EVERY 6 HRS
zo
0.1 10 100 1000
TIME TO FAILURE - MIN
Curve
A 0. 050 IN SHEET, 1 7Z5F,1/ZH R, AC + l!50F, SHR, AC
B 0.16 IN SHEET, 1875F,l/Z HR, AC + 17Z5F, 1/ZHR, WQ+ll50F
, SHR, AC
C 0. 500 IN PLATE, 1875F,1/Z HR,AC +17Z5F, 1/ZHR, WQ+li50F
, SHR, AC
FIG. Z. 031Z SUSTAIN ED- LOAD BEHAVIO R AT RT IN 3. 5
PERCENT
NaC1 SOLUTION FOR DUPLEX ANNEALE D SHEET
AND BETA ANNEALE D PLUS SOLUTION TREATED
AND AGED SHEET AND PLATE.
(14, pp. 304-305)
 Ti
l-
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\ i
'--
Ti-4A1-3Mo- 1 V
FREQUENCY , 1ZO CPM r----36 --j Ti

-t fr
MAX GROSS STRESS, ZS - KSl 4 AI
R = 0. OS R = O. 67
0 e AIR 3 Mo
0 DISTILLED WATER CENTER-CRA CKSPECUME N

S
0 3.5 PERCENT NaCI
L
R T. TESTS TRANSVERSE I v
O. 050 IN SHEET, 17ZSF, 1/Z HR, AC + 11SOF, 8 HR, AC

10 100
CYCLES - THOUSANDS

FIG. 2.,0313 FATIGUE-CR ACK GROWTH BEHAVIOR IN AIR, DISTILLED WATER,

AND 3.5 PERCENT NaCI SOLUTION FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET AND
BETA-ANNE ALED PLUS SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED PLATE,
(14, pp. Z9S-Z98}

Ti-4Al-3Mo-I V CENTER-CRA CK
SPECIMEN
0. 050 IN SHEET

17Z5F, 1/ZHR, AC + r.36-,

-cE J-
llSOF, 8HR; AC
R = 0. OS R = 0. 67
0
0 AIR
DISTILLED WATER
70 0

FREQUENCY , 1ZO CPM
3.5 PERCENT NaCI SOLUTION

~I
MAX GROSS STRESS, ZSKS
RT TESTS
TRANSVERS E

40 ~------~~1~0--------~~1~00~------L-~1000

CRACK-GRO WTH RATE, -CIZa - jJ.- IN PER CYCLE

-CIN

FIG. 2..0314 FATIGUE-CR ACK GROWTH RATES IN AIR,

DISTILLED WATER AND 3,5 PERCENT NaCI
SOLUTION FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET
(14, p. 2.96}
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED t.tARCH 1968

j
'W
zo 0

__...---- v v-
Ti-4A1-3Mo-1V
Ti SHEET
ST, 1/ZHR, WQ
4 AI
16 0
3 Mo
~
~ ... ...-FTU ~
I v 1Z0
zo 0
eo. 040 IN,
ST
(7)
Ao. 060 IN, ST + 900F, Z4HR .... /
16 0 (9)

~
v
lZ

~
FTY

80

z0
~ e(Z IN)
CENTER-CRACK
Ti-4A1-3Mo-1V
l875F, 1/ZHR, AC + r
SPECIMEN
36 ---J -,
~ ~
17Z5F, 1/ZHR, WQ +
ll50F, BHR, AC
~
FREQUENCY, 1ZO CPM RT TESTS 0
1400 1450 1500 1550 1600 1650 1700
MAX GROSS STRESS, Z5 KSI TRANSVERSE
R = 0. 05 R = O. 67 SOLUTION TREAT TEMP- F
0 AIR
0 DISTILLED WATER FIG. 3. OZ101 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TREAT TEMPERATURE
0 3.5 PERCENT NaCI SOWTION ON ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
70~------~--r-------~--r-------r--j
SOWTION TREATED AND SOWTION TREATED -
PWS AGED SHEET
(7 ,p.S-7 ,8)(9,F1g. 74)

f
4 L________l__-710~0~------~~l~0~00~------._,1~0,000
0
CRACK-GROWTH RATE, ~Za - ).(-IN PER CYCLE
LS'N
FIG. Z.0315 FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH RATES IN AIR,
DISTILLED WATER AND 3.5 PERCENT NaC1
SOWTION FOR SHEET AND PLATE BETA-ANNEALED
PLUS SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED.
(14, pp. Z97 and Z99)
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOY$

19
Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V Ti
0.5 IN PLATE
ST, IHR, WQ + 4 AI
llOOF, BHR, AC
18 RT TESTS 3 Mo
TRANSVERSE
v
.. ___ .,.....-

zoo
Ti-4Al-3Mo-IV
'-- ~0. OZI IN SHEET
lb40F, 5 MIN, WQ +AGE,
0~----~~--~----~----~
1500 1600 IZ HR, AC
190

FIG. 3. OZIOZ
SOLUTION TREAT TEMP - F

EFFECT OF HIGH SOLUTION

TREAT TEMPERATURE ON 180
\ F
TU

~
ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION
TREATED AND AGED PLATE. ~ 0
(14,p. 3Z)
170 -........

~ lbO - RT TESTS
) ~FTY -~)
~
OOL

T
ISO r-
VALUES AVG. DUPLICATE TESTS
"'-!~
140
10

e(Z IN) D o/
t~ I

0
900 !000 1100
AGING TEMP- F

FIG. 3. OZI04 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERATURE ON ROOM

TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED SHEET.
(19, p.6)
Ti
NONFERR OUS ALLOYS REVISEDMA RCH 1968

2.0 0
Ti Ti-4A1-3Mo-1V
0.5 lN PLATE
4 AI
19 1640F, IHR, WQ +AGE, BHR, AC
RT TESTS

~
3 Mo TRANSVERSE

I v
18

)~TU
17

~ 16 0 -~ ~
~
FTY

15 0 ~
~
I4
r~~ 200
"". Ti-4A1-3Mo-1V
13 0. 5 IN PLATE
190 J610F, IHR, WQ t 1100F,
TIME INDICATED, AC

6 ?
.-- ...
>
180 \ R T TESTS
TRANSVERSE

40 ~ \ 'l
~
170

0
e(l IN)
160 ~
--- ~

~
~ FTU
0
900 1000 1100 12.00 ISO ~ ............
AGING TEMP - F "'1 1--- ~
'--
FTY
FIG. 3. 02.iOS EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERATUR E ON ROOM
TEMPERATUR E TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED PLATE.
(14, p. 32)
140

130
---- ~
~

< <
60
,-
/ ~
RA

f-o
z
Iii
u
0:
40

~ 2.0
____.
0
e(1 IN)
~
0 4 8 12. 16 2.0 2.4
AGING TIME - HRS
FIG. 3,02.106 EFFECT OF AGING TIME ON ROOM TEMPERA-
TURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION
TREATED AND AGED PLATE.
(l4,p.32.)
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Z40
Ti-4A1-3Mo-1V Ti
0. 040 IN SHEET
I640F, 10 MIN, ROLLER LEVELER 4 AI
.SPRAY QUENCH t AGE AT
3 Mo
zz o- e 9Z5F
1000F
.A. 11Z5F
v
I\
- ....
- ....--
RT TESTS, LONGITUDINAL
t; zo 0
~
F'fU

18 0 :::;t ~
-~
FTY
~--
-----
~~-

-.-....__
.....
I~
~ - -
16 0
:::::: ......
&T TENSiLE PROPERTIES
FTU 141.4 KSI
FTY liZ. 5 KSI
<
z> e I4. 5 PERCENT

o.....,.

0
5 10
....
-- e -
~
~

50
j'
I

I HR
100

AGING TIME - MIN

-I
6 HR
~-
500 I
IZ HR
I 000

1......../ FIG. 3. OZI07 EFFECT OF SHORT AGING TIMES AT THREE AGING TEMPEilA-
TURES ON ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED SHEET.
(16, F-4)

zzo
Ti-4Al-3Mo-IV

zoo . ..
0. 040 IN SHEET
I~F, Z 1/Z MIN, WQ tEXPOSUfE+9Z5F, IZHR

:11. I
FTU
1

TESTED

180
......
-
j

AT RT

J
..
FTY
600 F EXPOSURE
E-< 160 800 TEMP
z
-~~~--
L._
10
Iii
u
a:
Iii
0. 0
e(Z IN)

0 10 zo 30 40 50 60
EXPOSURE TIME - M!N
FIG. 3. OZI 09 EFFECT OF SHORT TIME EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
TEMPERATURES AFTER SOLUTION TREATMENT ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION TREATED AND
AGED SHEET (11)
 NONFE RROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

Ti Ti-4Al-3Mo -IV
0. 063 1N SHEET
4 AI 0 1::!. 16SOF, lOMlN, WQtSTRET CH t
zoo 9ZSF, IZ HR

- - .-
3 Mo
v
-~
FTU
180 ...
...
"'
:.: ~ 1t

160
.---1 )
~---
-8- -B-
140 ~---
FTU
~

...... --Q
--- ~
p"' STRETCHE D AT
I
/
IZO FTI,..... 0 RT
/ .A. 1::!. SOOF
......
100
... zo
tl0 !).....__
r-~- 1--@-
e(Z IN)

a: ~ ---~ ~
li! 0
Ti-4A1-3M o-IV 0 z 4 6 8
ZOO ---+ - 0. 060 IN SHEET STRETCH - PERCENT
1650F, 1/ZHR, WQ t
95 F, 16HR FIG. 3. OZI I 6 EFFECT OF STRETCJIING AT ROOM TEMPERAT URE
OR 500F AFTER SOLUTION TREATING ON
ROOM TEMPEHAT UHE TENSILE PROPEHTIE S OF
SIIEET STHETCIIED OH STHETCIIED AND AGED,
(3,p 20)
-...

e(Z IN)
OL---~----~----~------~--~
0 z 4 6 8 10
EXPOSURE TIME - MIN

FIG. 3. OZIIS EFFECT OF SHORT TIME EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED

TEMPERAT URES ON ROOM TEMPERAT URE TENSILE
PROPERTIE S OF SOWTION TREATED AND AGED
SHEET. (9, Fig. 121,122)
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

...........
Ti
Ti-4A1-3 Mo-1V
0.090 SHEET 4 AI
1625F, 10 MIN, WQ +
180 1,- RT STRETC H t 3 Mo
~~ 1ZHRS, AC v
----1
I- -- F

~
CY
16C ---~~

<
200
K ~
FTU
----~
~
180
~~-- r--- 1---
--~~
FTY
11---- ----1~
160

~~--- --~
Ti-4Al-3 Mo-IV
140
- - - - 875F
~--e9ZSF AGE TEMP- F - O. 090 IN SHEET
16ZSF, 10 MIN, WQ ,,
--975F
RT TESTS
,> ONO STRETC H
{ e8% STRETC H
}i
!-< 180 STRESS RELIEF t 925F, 1211RS, AC
z1>1 10 0
~-- e(Z IN)
0
p:
- ---~
1>1
p,
0
~-

0 4
----i
6 8
160
STRETC H - PERCEN T

140
FIG. 3. OZI17 EFFECT OF STRETC HING AFTER
SOLUTIO N TREATIN G ON ROOM
TEMPER ATURE TENSILE AND
COMPRE SSIVE PROPER TIES OF
SHEET SUBSEQ UENTLY AGED AT
THREE DIFFERE NT TEMPER A-
-
Ul
IZO
:<: zoo o__
TURES. (Z3)
180

160

c(Z IN)

~---- l!F= === -

0
1050 1100 !ZOO
NONE
STRF..SS RELIF.F TEMP (15 MIN) - F

FIG. 3.0Zll8 EFFECT OF STRESS RF.LIEF TEMPER ATURE ON

ROOM TEMPER ATURE TENSILE AND COMPRE S-
SIVE PROPER TIES OF SHEET SOLUTIO N TREATE D,
STRESS RELIEVE D AND AGED, AND SHEET
SOLUTIO N TREATE D, STRETC HED, STRESS
RELIEV ED AND AGED. (Z3)
 Ti
NONFE RROU S ALLOY S REVISED : MARCH 1968

240
Ti~4Al-3Mo-1V
Ti 0. 063 IN SHEET
16ZSF, 2 MIN, WQ + 9ZSF, 12 HR
4 AI zoo
3 Mo
v
~ 160
:2

~
120

80
00 0. 045 0.014 0.007 0.004 0.0027 0.0019
r -IN

3 5 7 9 11 13

'r. STRESS CONCENT RATION FACTOR - K

Ti-4Al- 3Mo-l V FIG. 3. 02711 EFFECT OF STRESS CONCENT RATION ON

0. 090 IN SHEET ROOM TEMPERA TURE NOTCH STRENGT H
1625F, 10 MIN, WQ + OF SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED SHEET.
{0 NO STRETCH } +
B% STRETCH
(2, p. 19)

925F, 12 HRS, AC +
STRESS RELJEF
-
( ___
('-....
..... .....
......_........ F
CY

~ 5:::::--..
~1

c~--
-- ~ :-- FTU

~
4 --t
FTY
ct>-
..... _.::-_-
~
_.J

""":~
1\.
v -\ :1.

- --
e(Z IN)

~ A

t p:=:::::::..::: ..
v 1100 I ZOO
NONE 1050
STRESS RELJEF TEMP (15 MIN)- F

FIG. 3. 02119 EFFECT OF STRESS RELJEF TEMPERA TURE ON

ROOM TEMPERA TURE TENSILE AND COMPRES SIVE
PROPERT IES OF SHEET SOLUTION TREATED , AGED
AND STRESS RELJEVE D, AND SHEET SOLUTION
TREATED , STRETCH ED, AGED AND STRESS
RELJEVED . (23)
 ti
REVISE D MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

( .
' I
'---'"

Ti-4Al-3 Mo-1V
Ti
0. 063 IN SHEET 4 AI
1625F, Z 1/Z MIN., WQ +AGE, 12 HR, AC
ANNEAL lZZSF, lZHR, FC 3 Mo
Z50 - - v
~00LONGITUDINAL
TRANSV ERSE
FTU RT TESTS
~
zoo
~ ~Itt: I
I
:c ~ FTY
f-o
0
z ( .....
til
0:

,
f-o 150

%':-~ 1
Ill ~
~ I

~
100 -
~ ~
50
~- ;:/ r
I

<. 001 - 50~

u

HARDNESS - ""'1 --._ 40

30
g::
t.l
i
~

20
20 ;g
16 e(Z IN)
lZ

8 ..,.,
(
....... .. 8
""" '
~. 2.50
4
0
ST
. 800 900 1000 1100 1200 ANN.
Ti-4Al- 3Mo-IV
0. OZIIN SHEET
1640F, 5 MIN, WQ + AGE,l2 HR, AC
RT TESTS

- --
AGING TEMP - F 0 0 0 ~L
zoo T
FIG. 3.0Z712 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPER ATURE ON -
~ ,____FTU
ROOM TEMPER ATURE SMOOTH AND
SHARP NOTCH TENSILE PROPER TIES
OF SHEET. ..J;il. ,.,.
(2.4, p. 79)

!50
~ - FTY

~-

CENTER CRACK SPECIME N

~--} : }-
100

50
~
<>za= I.S-2..0
~&Za=l.0-!.6~~
~
lt
lf

0
900 950 1000 1050 1!00
AGING TEMP - F

FIG. 3.02713 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPER ATURE ON

ROOM TEMPER ATURE STRENG TH OF
SMOOTH AND CENTER -CRACK ED
SPECIME NS.
(19, pp. 7 and 31-3Z)
I I

NON FER ROU S ALLOYS REVIS EDMA RCH 1968

. "'
20~--r--------------
-----------------~
"j.
Ti Ti-4A1- 3Mo-1V
O.SIN PLATE
4 AI STA
19 SINGLE ANN
3 Mo .A. DUPLEl 'X ANN
I v BETA ANN + STA

(SEE REFER ENCE FOR SPECIF IC

HEAT TREAT MENTS )

~ 150~-r--~~--~-+~~-+-----+-----1
I

~
~

Ti-4Al- 3Mo-IV
SHEET zzo
AGED

zzo ,----~~~--+-----;------r-
----t----~ zoo
'f
1Z
i
180

160 ::>

""
~

40 60 80 100 IZO
KQ- KS1 VlN
FIG. 3. OZ714 EFFEC T OF" YIELD STREN GTH LEVEL ON
APPAR ENT FRACT URE TOUGH NESS, Kq,
OF PLATE AT ROOM TEMPE RATUR E.
SELEC TED HEAT TREAT MENTS : HIGH
STREN GTH, 11!75F, 1/ZHR, ACt 1725F,
1/ZHR, WQ t !OSOF, SHR, AC; HIGH
TOUGH NESS, !875F, 1/ZHR, AC + 1725F',
1/ZHR, WQ + 1150F, BJIR, AC ; FORMA -
BILITY , 1725F, 1/ZHR, AC + l!SOF,
BHR, AC.
(14,.pp . 3Z-33)
O.!Z5I N,!610 F,Zl/ZM IN,WQ +925F, IZiiR
(13)
80 0. 090IN, 1625F, Z 1/Z~.tlN, WQ+9Z 5F, IZHR
m
.A. tl. 063IN, JI,~(IF, 2 1/Z1.:IN , WQ+90 0F, IZHR
(5)
zo

z""
""
~ 10

"'""
0
-ZOO 0 zoo 400 600 800 IOOO
TEMP - F
FIG. 3. 03101 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPER ATURE ON TENSIL E
PROPER TIES OF SOWTIO N TREATE D AND AGED
SHEET.
(3,p 32)(5, Fig. 54,56)(1 3)

---- ----
 I I

REVI SED MARCH 1968

NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti-4A 1-3Mo -1V Ti

Ti-4A 1-3Mo -1V 0. 500 IN PLAT E
0. 063 IN SHEE T 1875F , l/2.HR , AC + F J RT 136-K SI 4 AI
1650F , WQ+9 50F, i6HR 172.5F , l/2.HR , WQ +
TY l -6SF 154-K SI
3 Mo
2.00 1-- i- ~ 1150F , SHR, AC
-4 ~-;
-~--~------.-~------ v
RT 1oor-~------~-.r---- I
~ EST 0 RT
0 e-65 F
EMP
160
600F

12.tl
F
TU
IOOOF
~ 80
2.0 0 RT

16 0 - !-""
-4

-
FTY
~~ 0.5 THICK
12. 0
H--

GROS S-STR ESS RATE - KSI PEl! SEC

80
R T AND -65F ON
I FIG. 3. 03104 EFFE CT OF LOAD ING RATE AT
S OF PLAT E BETA
I
10001' APPA RENT FRAC TURE TOUG HNES
PLUS SOLU TION TREA TED AND AGED .
ANNE ALED
0
> (l4,p. 104)
!OOOF...I

0 .v-- RT
c(2. IN) 600F

0 10 15
5 0
REDU CTION -PERC ENT
H:nUC TIOH AND "n:ST
FIG. 3. 03103 EFFEC T OF ROLLING RTJJ;S OF
TEMP ERAT URE ON TENSI L: PHOI'E
T.
SOLUTION TREA Tim AND AGED SHEE
(9, Fig. 125)(1:1)

160
Ti-4A I-3Mo -1V
0.1&- 0.19 IN SHEE T
1875F , 1/2. HR, AC ~ 172.5F , I/2.HR , WQ+
IISOF , SIIR, AC
140

0 RT
_9.
1-

~~
II-65F
~ ./
~
12.0

l:"!
(~ -"6 ~36~
~
100

F {RT
I 38 KSI
~1 4# ~:2. 1--
TY &SF 161 KSI CENT ER CRAC K SPEC IMEN
TRAN SVER SE DIREC TION

110 100
.I 10
.OJ
GROS S-STR ESS RATE - KSI PEl! SEC
R T AND -65F
FIG. 3. 03105 EFFE CT OF LOAD ING RATE AT
HNES S OF SHEE T
ON APPA RENT FRAC TURE TOUG
TREA TED AND
BETA ANNE ALED PLUS SOLU TION
AGED
(14, p. 1 06)
. -....
.... ".l
 Ti
NONFERROUS. ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

LJ
160
Ti Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V
SHEET
4 AI ST
L ~
3 Mo 140
v
v
120
/ --
v 1\I\
1\RT

#
r
200F
10 0
600F

80
~

60

40

z0
TENSION
Ti-4Al-3Mo-IV
0 lBO SHEET
0 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20 1640 TO 1650F, 2. 1/ZMIN. /
STRAlN - IN PER IN WQ + 900 TO 9ZSF,12. H'
RT
FIG. 3.03111 STRESS STRAlN CURVES AT ROOM AND I
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR SOLU-
TION TREATED SHEET.
(B,p. 19)

' lOOOF

TENSION
OL-----~----~-----L----~
0 0.004 0.009 0.012 0.016
STRAIN - IN PER IN
no. 3.03112 STRESSSTRAINCURVESATROOMAND
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FORSOWTION
TREATED AND AGED/SHEET.
(l,p 77. 6, p 59)
 ,..d
REVISED ' MARCH 1968 NONF ERRO US ALLOYS

j !:

'~ /
I60 Ti-4AI-3M o-IV RT Ti
Ti-4A1-3M o-1V 180 SHEET
SHEET 1640 TO I650F, 4 AI
ANNEALE D Z 1/Z MIN, WQ
140 +9ZSF, 1Z HR 3 Mo
-...,
v
lZO
( ~T
I

IOO

~ 80
1;;r---- -~ .............
600F

I(
60
If
-tS:\ - - IOOOF

40

zo
TENSION

0
I
0 0,04 0,08 0.1~ O,lG 0.20
STRAIN - IN PER IN

' .., FIG. 3.0311.~ STRESS STRAIN CURVES AT ROOM AND

ELEVATE D TEMPERA TURES FOR
ANNEALE D SHEET. o.oo4 r..oos o.o1z o.016
(8,p. 20)
STRAIN - IN PER IN

Fl\J. 3. 032.11 STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN COMPHE~S!ON

AT IIOOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERA TURES

1'011 SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED SHEET.
zoo r-----~--------------------------~
(1, p. 78)(6, p. 60)

'Ii-4Al-3M o-1V
IBO 1--:1.'1.--- 1-SHEET
~~~0 TO 1650F, Z 1/Z MIN, WQ
+ 900 TO 9Z5F, 1 Z HR

1ZO
Ti-4A1-3M u-1V
0. 090 IN SHEET
16SOF, Z 1/2.MlN, WQ+900F, 12.HR
100
lZO
e O,IZ5 IN (I) iii
:.:
0, 090 IN (6)
.6 0, 063 IN (5) 80
IOO 0, 040 IN (IZ)
0 T Fsu
eL
60
80 L-----~----~----~----~----~
1000
0 2.00 400 600 800 1000
0 zoo 400 600 800 TEMP- F
TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 0351 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA TURE ON
FIG. 3.03ZOI EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA TURE ON SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOLUTION TREATED
COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENGT H OF AND AGED SHEET.
SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED SHEET (6,p B-14)
(1, p. 75)(5, Fig. I6)(6, p. B-13)( 1 Z)
 NO NFE RR OU S ALL OY S REV ISED : MAR CH 1968
4"'

360
Ti Ti-4A 1-3M o-1V Z80
0. 090 IN SHEE T Ti-4A 1-3M o-1V
4 AI 16Z5 F, Z 1/ZM IN, WQ+ 900F,
1ZHR
\ J. 063 IN SHEE T
\ 1650 F, 2 MIN, WQ +
3 Mo 320 240 9ZSF , IZ HR

v
e/D
1.5
.
L
0
T

t::.
Z80 ~ 200

::> iil
a: ~
tQ
240 ~
160

~ Z40~~~,_----~~~-
--i- -----t------i160
80~----~----
~------~----
~------~----
r..tQ -400 ~
-200 0 200 400 600 800
TEM P- F
FIG. 3. 0371 EFFE CT OF TEST TEMP ERAT UHE
AND
STHESS CONCENTHATION ON NOTC
H STRE NGTH
OF AGED SHEE T.
(2,p 25)

TEM P- F

FIG. 3, 0361 EFF'E CT OF TEST TEMP ERAT URE

ON
BEARING PROP ERTI ES OF SOLU
TION
THEA TED AND AGED SHEE T.
(6, p B-11, 12) 200
J Ti-4A l-3M o-IV
0. 5 IN PLAT E
187SF , I/2HR , AC+ 172S F, I HR,
180 WQ+
IISOF , BHR, AC
AVER AGES OF TRIP LICA TE
~ TRAN SVER SE TEST S

iil
~

a:
160 -..........

~ -......__
... ~ FTU
-
0
140
....... -----.: ......
~
~
iil
IZO
~ _~ ........
!'---.
~
~
100

80
....

K , SURF ACE- CRAC K TENS ION
0
SPEC IMEN S:
4IN WIDE , 0, SIN THIC K,
0, 2IN CRAC K DEPT H,
"' - -
~ 40
0. 4IN CRAC K LENG TH
Iii
~
Iii
30
I
l-- -- v
..
-
0. RA
20

10

0
-100
~

0
-
e
-
100 200 300 400 500
TEST TEM P- F
.FIG. 3. 0372 EFFE CT OF TEST TEM PERA
TURE ON STRE NGTH
AND APPA RENT TOUG HNES S
OF PLAT E BETA
ANN EALE D PLUS SOLU TION
TREA TED AND AGED .
(14,p . 72)

CODE 370 31
 Ti
REVIS ED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti-4AI-3 Mo-IV
Ti-4AI- 3Mo-IV 0, 065 IN SHEET
Ti
0, 063 IN SHEET 16ZS TO 16SOF, 3 MIN, WQ +

-.. --
16SOF, Z 1/ZMIN , WQ + 900F, IZ HR 9SOF, 6HR, AC
4 AI
100
80 ..........
600.1' ~ 180 L T
194 196
I 3 Mo
~
170 16Z 170
6 5
v
.~ 60 _-.....
~
- .... ......_BOOF

40 - - - l PERCEN T } TOTAL ..... ~ I SO 1-..-.{: HIIIf--,

---0.5 PERCEN T STRAIN
~ 140r--~~~~~~~~~----1-~~--~~
1/)
100 1000
~ 130r------t--~~~-f==~-----+--+4~~~~
0.1 10
TIME- HR
~

FIG. 3, 040Z TOTAL STRAIN CURVES AT 600F AND

SOOF XIZO
<
FOR SOLUTION TREATE D AND AGED SIIEET. ~
(5, Fig. 21) 60

-----~~8
30~--~-~5------~~--6----~--~7-
10 10
104 10 10
CYCLES TO FAILUR E

FIG. 3, 0511 ROOM TEMPE RATUR E SMOOTH AND MILD NOTCH

FATIGU E PROPER TIES OF SOLUTI ON TREATE D
AND AGED SHEET.
(ZO, pp. I 0 and 14)

-.----------------~
ISr-----;-----,-----
Ti-4Al-3 Mo-IV
SHEET
AGED

DYNAM IC
E 1650F, 1/ZHR, WQ +
~ 950F, !6 HR
0 14
0 (I)
0

S~~C} c
1650F, Z 1/ZMIN , WQ+900 TO 9Z5F, IZ HR
(5)
-----L----J
IOtr-----~----~----~----~
-ZOO 0 zoo 400 600 800 1000
TEMP- F

FIG. 3.061 MODUL US OF ELASTI CITY AT VARIOU S

TEMPE RATUR ES.
(1, p. 75)(5, Fig. I B)
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

..;~ . f..
""'"~'
Ti-4A1-3Mo-1V
Ti
4 AI
0, 02.1 IN SHEET
1640F, 5 MlN, WQ +
-(
AGE, 12. HRS, AC CENTER- CRACK SPECIMEN
3 Mo FREQUENCY=3600 CPM
1.6 R = 0. 33
v 1.4
RT

1.2.

1.0
FTu=l73KSI
.8
LONG. SPECS .
6

z
.... .4
I
nl 1.4
N

:i
""' 1. 2.
0
~ 1. 0 IOOOF AGE
.:I F TU = I 80 KSI
~
u TRANS. SPECS.
~
u

1.4
-..._'
Ti-4AI-}Mr-IV
1.2. \
0. 09.l!N SHEET

1.0
2.0 KSI
900F AGE
lb0~-+---1----H.-- 1650F. 2. 1/ZMIN, WQ +
\_ 900F, I 2. HR 80F
-
FTU = 196 KSI
TRANS. SPECS. /
lzor--t---1~~-+----t----t----r--~
C 400F

.4 ~------~------~------~------~----~
0 10 2.0 30 40 50 ~-------r----~----~~bO~OF
80~-t-~~=---~--======*=====~---r~----t1

-----~--
CYCLES- THOUSANDS 800F
~--~--~
FIG. 3. 0512. FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOR AT ROOM 900F
TEMPERATURE FOR SOLUTION TREATED AND 40 r--t---fl----!----4--4-lf--+-4t--H
AGED SHEET.
(19, pp. 19-2.1) COMPRESSION
T
o~-t-----1------r-----;---~~--~~~--~

~lbOI---t---1-~(-+----+---+----t--_,
' - - --~--r--+-=80::F_J_
~

C "
\_
-
lzol---t-~~~r---+---1---+----+-+_,
(....-"
:>-<~1-----t---+---- 400F

(.
-
800F
600F ~
80~~~~~~----==--~~==~~~-++-~~-4~
---r-----1.
900F
401---+---r---+---fr--i-;-r--r-i-;---;
COMPRESSION
L

6 8 10 IZ 14 16 18
1000 KSI
FIG. 3. ObZ TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION
AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES.
(6, p. 52., 53)
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

REFERENCES

1. Titanium Metals Corporation of America, "Titanium Ti

Sheet Rolling Program T!-6Al-4V and Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V, "' 4 AI
Final Report-Part 1, (May 15, 1959)
2. Sachs, G. and Sessler, J.G., "Effect o stress 3 Mo
Concentration on the Tensile Strength of Heat Treated
Titanium Alloy Sheet at Various Temperatures, "Final
Report, (August 1960)
I v
3. Titanium Metals Corporation of America, "Titanium
Sheet Rolllng Program for T! -6Al-4V and
Tl-4Al-3Mo-1V, "TMCA Fifteenth Bimonthly Report,
(October 31, 1958)
4, Crucible Steel Company of America, ''Tentative Data
Sheet - Crucible C -115 AMoV an FA - Formable
Titanium Alloy'' (June 23, 1958)
5, SUR!, "Summary of !be Status of Evaluation Subpanel
Activities and the Status of Aircraft Contractors
Program," DOD Titanium Alloy Sheet Rolling Program,
(September 15, 1958)
6. Brelndel, W. W., Carlson, R, L., and Mann1ng, G.K.,
"Summary Report on the Development of Minimum
Design Data on the New Titanium Alloys Being Con-
sidered In the Titanium Sheet-Rolling Program," BMI,
(December 20, 1958)
7. Mote, M. w., Hooper, R.B., and Frost P.D., "The
Engineering Properties uf Commercial Titanium Alloys\'
TML Report No. 92, (June 4, 1958)
8. Titanium Metals Corporation of America, "Properties
of Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V," Titanium Engineering Bulletin No.
8, (1959)
9, Richards, R.S., Day, D. L., and Kessler, II.D.,
"A Study of the Factors Influencing the Properties of
Heat Treatable Titanium Sheet Alloys," TMCA, WADC
Summary Tecbnlclll Report (October 4, 1957)
10. Mallory Sharon, (1959)
ll. Grumman, (1958)
12. Chance Vought, (1959)
13. TMCA, (19o7)
14. The Boeing Company, Commercial Supersonic
Transport Program, Phase 11-<: Report, Federal
Aviation Agency contract FA-55-66-5, (March 28, 1966)
15. E. F. Erbln, "Short Time Aging Treatment& for
Ti-4AI-3Mo-1V Sheet," TMCA Data Sheet, (September,
1959)
16. R. G. Broadwell, "The Mechanical Properties of Heat
Treated TI-4AI-3Mo-1V After Very Short Aging Times,"
TMCA Case Study No. 1-3,(June, 1959)
17. R.G. Broadwell, "The Compression and Teosion
zoo Properties of Heat Treated Cummercial T!-4AI-3Mo-1V
Tl-4Al-3Mo-1V 0,063 Gage Sheet at 400 F, "TMCA Case Study 1-6,
0. 090 IN SHEET RT'-. (October 29, 1959)
16SOF, Z 1/ZMIN, WQ + 18. R. G. Broadwell, "Cr<oep-5tsbll!ty Properties of Aged
160 9Z5F, lZ HR

600F
400F

1,'-~,
"""'' ~\ I
19.
Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V 0. 050 Gage Sheet, "TMCA. Case Study
1-7, (December 11, 1959).
A. J. Hatch, ''Crack Propagation Characteristics of
Titanium Alloys," TMCA Project 48-22, Progress
Report No. 1, MRD No. 68, (March 10, 1960)
lZO I
8 OF~'-
~ .... , 20. A, J. Hatch, "Direct Stress Fatigue Testlcg of

",~ t~ I Ti-6Al-1V, TI-4AI-3Mo-1V, PH 15-7 Mo, and AM355

80
900F'
"' ......... ~ ........
...............
' \ 'I
......
1\ '\.
I
I
I 21
Sheet," TMCA Project 48-22, MRD No 64, (July 20,
1959)
R.A. Nadler and D. L. Day, "The Effect of Hydrogen on
the Mechanical Properties of Aged Alpha-Beta

40
COMPRESSION ! I
I
I
I
I 22.
Titanium Alloys," TMCA Project 48-'28, MRD No 59,
(May 20, 1059)
J. s. Shannon, Jr. and W.F. Brown, Jr., "A Review
---L I I I of Factors Influencing the Crack Tolerance or T!lanlum
I I I I Alloys. " Applications Related Pbeoomona In Titanium
--- T
0
I I I Alloys, ASTM STP 432, American Society for Test!Dg
and Mal.erlals, (1967)
8 10 lZ 14 16 18 23. W.M. Parris, "Effects of Prestrnilland Stress
1000 KSI Relieving Treatments on the Properties or T! -4Al-
3Mo-1V Sheet," TMCA Case Study 11,(May 28, 1959)
FIG. 3. 063 SECANT MODULUS CURVES IN COM- 24. G.B. Espey, M. 11. Jones and W.F. Brown, Jr.,
PRESSION AT ROOM AND ELEVATED 24. "Sharp-Edge-Notch Tensile Characl.erlstlco of Several
TEMPERATURES. High-strength Titanium Sheet Alloys at Room and
(6, p. 50,51) Cryogenic Temperatures, "ASTM STP 287, (1960)
 Ti
REVISEDMARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GBNBRAL 1.073 All products are available In the annealed condition .

This alplut beta type titanium alloy Is uoed primarily In
bar and lurglng applicatio ns. It combines high strength 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice. Consuma ble electrode
Ti
and stability with good ductility at temperat ures up
750 F In either the annealed or beat treated condition and
to double vacuum melt, (3, p. 5). 5 AI
It possesse s e:teellent forgeabll lty. It Ia difficult to weld 1.09 Special Consider ations. See Tl, Commerc laiiy PUre. 1.5 Cr
1. 01 Commerc ial DeRlgnation. SAI-l. SCr-1. 5Fe-1Mo Titan-
2, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROP.BRTI.BS 1.5 Fe
Ium Alloy.
I Mo
1. 02 Alternate Designati ons. Tl-5AI-l . 4Cr-l. 5Fe-l. 2Mo, 2,01 Thermal Properties
TI-1.5SA, TI-5AI-4 (Cr, Fe, Mo). 2,011 Melting mnge
2,012 Phase chsnges. Thls alloy transform s on cooling from
1,03 Speclllca tions. Table 1. 03. bota to alpb<l plus bota at 1760 to 1790 F.
2.013 Thermal conductiv ity, Fig. 2. 0!3.
2.014 Thermal expansion , Fig. 2, 014.
TABLE 1 03 2.015 Spe;:lllc heat
AMS Form
4929 Bsr 2,02 Othr Physical Proprties
4969 Forgings 2.021 Den.;lty. 0,163 lb per cu ln. 4,51 gr pee cu em, (3, p. 6).
2.022 B1e;:tclcal resistivit y, Fig. 2. 022.
2,023 Magnetic proporties Alloy Is nonmagn etic.
1.04 Comp~sltion. Table 1. 04. 2,03 Chemical Proportie s. See TI, Commerc ially Puce,

TABLE I 04 3, M.BCHANICAL PROPl!RTIBS

Source AMS (I) 2
3, 01 Specified Mechnlc al Properties
Per ent
Min 3. 011 AMS specified and producer s' minimum mechanic al
Max
Aluminum propertie s, Table 3, 011.
4.75 6,00
iron 0.90 1. 70
Cluomlum 0.80 2,00
Molybdenum 0.80 1. 70
Carbon
Nitrogen
-. 0.10
0.07
Hydrogen . 0,0125
Oxygen . C,2Q
Titanium Balance
If determine d

TABLE 3 011
Source AMS (I (2l TMCA (3, p.8-!0)
Allov
Form TI-5AI I. 5Cr-1. 5Fe-1Mo
Forlllnn forllinll tack Bar
Condition I Follrtnl! Bar. fonrtil..- otock
Ann Ann
Thlckneao In PorgiiiJl" test coupons
1650P 1 wo +1000 p 6 he AC
Up to Over ll/2 Over 4 Reforge Upset Up to 1 Over 1 Over 2 Over3l/.Z
1 1/2 to 4 to 6 to 2 o3 1/2 to 5
Pru min- kll 145 !45 135 130
p rr min - kll
e( D) -min
135 !35 125 120
ISO
145
135
130
170
155
160
145
150
135
140
130
percent L 10 10 8 8
. 12 8 10 B 8 8
RA- percent
T 8 6 6 - - 8 6 6 6
L 25 20 15 15 25
RC- max
T - 12 10 10 .
15
-
20
15
IS
12
12
10
12
39 - . - - - . - -
10
-
1.05 Heat Treatmen t , (3, p. 7).
1.051 Anneal, 1200 P, 4 to 24 he, air cool. 3,02 Meclunlc al Properties at Room Tempemw te. See 3, 03
1.052 Solution treat. 1600 to 1700 P, 1/2 to 2 hr, water quench, also.
B!fect of quench delay on tensile proporties of aged lnr, 3.021 Hardness . Annealed , 35 to 40 RC, heat treated, 38 to
Pig, 1,052. 44 RC
1,053 Age. Usually 1000 F, 6 to 24 ht. Where alghcr ductility 3.022 E!fect of strain mte on tensile properties of lnr, Pig.
Is des !ted llOO F, 2 to 8 hr can bo used with a correspon 3,022.
d-
Ing reduction In s tcength. 3,023 B!fcct of exposure to elevated tempemw res with lood on
tensile properties of annealed bar, Fig. 3.023.
1.05 ~~~ E!fe.:t of as queochee section 3,024 E!fect of exposure to elevated tempemw res with io.td on
size on ten-
sile properties of aged bar, Fig. 1. 05. tens Ue properties of aged Inc, Fig. 3, 024.
3.025 E!fo::t of se.:tion size on Impact stcengrh o! aged lnr,
1. 07 Forms and Condition s Available Pig. 3.025,
I. 071 Alloy is available in the full commerc ial raoge of si7.es 3,026 Relation botween notch strength and tensile strength for
!or bar and forgings. aged tnr, Fig. 3, 026,
1.072 Some of the special products which are available on a 3,03 ~~~perties at VarlouJ Tempemt utes
commercial basis are extrusions and wire. 3.031 S~on time ten.;lon properties
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCHI963

i
'
recent developmentS lndlcate that welding may be 1ultable
3,0311 SUes a saaln curves for 8JIIlealed lnr, Fig. 3, 0311, for cenaln application s,
Ti 3,0312 Bffect of test tempemture on rensUe properties of lnr,
Pig, 3, 0312. 4,04 Hc.atlnj and Heat Treating, S.e TI-6Al4V.
5 AI. 3,0313 Bffect of test tempemture on teDSUe properties of aged
bu, Pig. 3,0313. 4,05 Sur:face Treating. See n, Commerclal.ly Pure.
1.5 Cr 3,032 Short time properties other than tens lon.
3,11321 Suess saaln curves lD compressio n for tnr, Fig. 3, 0321.
1.5 Fe 3,03a2 Bffe':t of test tempemture on compressiv e yield strength
I Mo of tnr, Fig. 3, 0322, TI-5All. 5Cr1. 5Fe-1Mo
3,0323 Bffect of test tempemture on bearlng strength of bu,
Fig, 3, 0323, 2001-- +---+ liN BAR
1700 F, 1 HR, WQ
3,0324 Bffe.::t of test tempemture on shear strength of b!lr, Fig, +IOOOF, 8HR
3, 0324.
3, 0325 Bffect of test tempemture on Impact strength of bu,
Pig, 3, 0325.

3,04 Creep and Creep Rupture P.ropertles

3,05 Fatigue P.ropertles

3,051 Fatigue strength of annealed tnr, Table 3. 051,

TABLB 3 051
Source (4 --p~ 63, 64)
lol ov TI-5Al- 5Cr 1 51'e1Mo
Form 5/8 lD bar ~ 20
cond AM
Temp Method Suess Streu Fatigue Strengthks l li
F
r;f!;Concen-
tmtlon
., 1 K1
loS
105
at Cycles
106
100
107
100
tQ

"" 0 0 20 40 60
RT Rot QUBNCH DBLAY - SBC
beam 0,6 lo.2 K1 153 142 128
Direct K 3,3 69 66 66
PIG. 1. 052 BFFBCT OF QUBNCH DBI.I\Y ON
750 ltrell Kl 102 95 90 TBNS1LB PROPBRTIBS OP AGnD
BAR (3, p. 17)

3, 052 Fatigue strength of aged tnr, Table 3, 052.

TABLB 3 052
Source 4, 0.63:64
Allov TI-~IAl-1. 5Cr1. 5Pe1Mo
Ponn 5/8 In bar
:Cond 1625 I' l hr Water Quench + 1000 F 8br 200 Tl5 11. 5Crl. 5Fe1Mo
Temp Method Streu Sueu Fatigue Strengthkl l BAR
Concen- at Cycles ST, 1 HR, WQ
F
~~
A R Dation 105 1o6 107 1000 P, HR, AC
RT Rot ., -1 l<l 115 110 110 180
beam
Dl..rect
0.6 0.2 1:. 1
K". 3,3
-
68
155
65
130
65
750 ltrell Kl 115 103 92
160

~
3,06 Blaatlc P.ropertles
3,0Sl Modalus of elaatlclty at ,:oom and elevated tempemture s, 1401
Pig. 3,051, L T
3,052 Modulul llf rlgldlty at room and elevated tempemture s,
Fig. 3,052. 120
"'
0 6
3,063 Pol.. on's mtlo 0. 326, 40

4. PABRICA'IlON

4.01 Forming and Caatlng

4.011 Forging. Starting tcmperatur ll, 1775 P maximum, fln
lahlng temperatur e, 1650 P or lower. To obtain optlnum
properties, forging equivalent to 50 percent rr.ductlon
should be performed below 1750 F In order to avoid form-
ation of grain boundary alpha on :oollng which adversely
affects the mechanical properties. Reports from actual
production suggest a maximum forging temperatur e of --~5
1700 F and a minimum of 1450 F. Subsequent reheating; OL--- ~~--~ ----~
3
----~
4
0 1 2
such as required for sizing opetatlons, should not ex- AS QUBNCHBD SBCnON SIZBIN
ceed a temperatur e of about 201J F below the beta to alp.a
+beta transforma tion temper,&~lire, (3). FIG. 1, 06 BI'I'BCT OF AS QUBNCHBD SBCTION SIZB ON
4,02 Machlnlng. See n, Commetc\n lly Pure. TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS 01' AGBD BAR
(4)
4,03 Welding, Tbla alloy Is clurlfled as nonweldabl.e, bJt
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
I
\ , __.,.

8 TI5A11. 5Cr1. 5Fe1Mo Ti

BAR
ii: ANN 5 AI
~7~--~---+----+---~--_, 1.5 Cr
sr
a:
a 1.5 Fe
a: I Mo
re61---+---+---:>JI'C +--+---t
~
~ 5~=-~---1-------1------t----_,
0 200 400 600 1000
TBMP F

FIG. 2.013 THBRMAL CONCUCTIVITY

(3, p.6)

0.001 0.01 0.1

STRAIN RATE IN PBR IN PBR MIN
FIG. 3. 022 BFFBCT OF STRAIN RATB ON TBNSIL.B PROPBR
TIBS OF BAR (4, p.62)

TISA11. 5Cr1. 5Fe1Mo

ANN !!:.O IN BAR
. I
7

...
m6
i!5
m
i!55
...
I
9
4
0 400 800 1200 1600
TBMPF
FIG. 2. 014 1HBRMAL EXPANSION. TI5Al-1.5Cr1. 5Fe1Mo
180 5/81N liAR
(3, p.6)(5) ANN

FTU _.#
....
.. FTY
.. - ....
140

40 / ~
....
~
RA
i!5 Tl-51111. 5Cr .SPelMo
80 BAR

I - re--.. !'.
ANN
.- e (liN) ..,.

5i 60 BLBCT luCALR TBSTEDlT RT,1oor HR ~AT ~0 KS1

0 200 400 600 800 1000 0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMP-F TBMPF
PIG. 3.023 SPP!JCT OF BXPOSURB TO BLBVATBD TBM-
FIG. 2. 022 BLBCI1UCAL llBSlS11Vl1Y PBRA1URB5 WITH LOAD ON TBNSILB PROPBR
(3, p.6) TIBS OF ANN BALBO BAR (4, p. 73)
II

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

Ti TI-5Al-1. SCr-1. 5Fe-1Mo 1~r-----------------.-----.----,

TI-5A1-1. 5Cr-1. 5Pe-1Mo
2110 5/8 IN BAR ---+-~~----1 BAR
5 AI 1625 F. I HR. WQ + 1000 F. 8 HR ANN
Fro
1.5 Cr
1.5 Fe
I Mo
~ot-~::~:;;::+:::::;f'~~t----1
RA
TBSTBDAT RT
EXPOsURE. -
~20 1000 HR AT"So KSI
Ill
u
)> 100 HR
..:
Ill
... 0
0 1000

PIG. 3. 024 BFFBCT OP BXPOWRE TO BLBV ATBD TBM-

PBRATURBS WITH LOAD ON TBNSILB PROPER~
TIBS OP AGBD BAR (4. p. 74)

TBNSION

0 0. 002 0. 004 o.006 o. 008 0. 010

STRAIN - IN PBR IN

TI-5A1-1.5Cr-1. 5Pe-1Mo FIG. 3. 0311 STRBSS STRAIN CURVES FOR ANHBALBD

20
RAR 8AR (5)

0
,...

0
Q
~
-
()

A
~
L T

0
A
A
1600 P, 1 H~
1700 F. 1 r + 1000 P HR
-r IB. 6CHARPYV
0 1
0 2 3 4 5
DIAMETER - IN

PIG. 3.025 BPFBCT OF SECTION SIZE! ON IMPACT

STRBNGTH OP AGBD BAR (4)

I~ 160 ISO 200 220

Fro- KSI

PIG. 3,026 RELATION BETWEEN NOTCH

STRENGTH AND TENSILE STRENGTH
FOR AGED BAR (8)

3704
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
5 AI
1.5 Cr
1.5 Fe
I Mo

r-----~----~----~----~----~~200
TI5AI-1. Cr-1.SPe-1Mo
., .BAR

100 1----l-~"c-+---+---....::"""'i~:---1---t lo:

80 ANN 1200 F, 24 HRi

0 1625 F, I HR, WQ (7)
1000 P, 24 HRI
6 ANN, (5)

40 i2
'
~
--~~~~~~-+-~20~

140 00

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
5 120 0
TBMP F
j:
PIG. 3. 0312 EFFECT OP TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE ~
PROPERTIES OP BAR
(5)(7. p. 71) 100

~~
1600F, WQ{+IOOOP, 24HR
+ llOOF, 2 HR
80
1700 F, WQ{+ 1000 F, 24 HR
+ UOOF, 2 HR

60

80

1-<
z
"'ua: 40
..."'
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TI!MP- P
PIG. 3. 0313 BFFBCT OF TEST TBMPBRA'lUR.E ON TBNSILB
PROPERTIES OF AGBO BAR 18, p. Jl-14)
 Ti
NONFERROUS .. ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

180
Ti -----ANN TI-5Al-L SCr-1. 5Pe-1Mo
5 AI --162sp , lHR, WQ 21/BlN BAR
+lOSOP, .HR
1.5. Cr 160

1.5 Fe
I Mo HO

D 200 .aD 600 800 1000

TBW'-P
COMPRBSS!ON PIG. 3.0323 EPPECTO P TEST TEMPERAT URE ON
BEARING STRENGTH OP BAR (5)
0 0.002 o.oo. 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012
STRAll'l - lN PBR lN

.
PIG 3.0321 STRBSS STRAIN CURVBS IN COMPRBSSION FOR BAR
~

Ti-SAI-1. SCr-1. Pe-IMo

l60f--.3 or+---+ -:-au.: 2 1/8 lN ~
ANN I
0 1625 P, 1 HR. WQ
+IOSOP, .HR
I~I-~--;---~-+----~PTY~ANN~~~--~

,.

60L-----~----~--~~--~----~
o 200 .aD 600 BOO 1000
TEMP- P

PIG. 3.0322 EFFECT OP TEST TEMPI!RATURE ON

COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH OF BAR PIG. 3. 0324 UPPECT OF TEST TEMPERAT URE ON SHEAR
(5) STRENGTH OF BAR (5)

I coDE ~7n4l
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
Ti-SAI-1. SCr-1. 5Fe-1Mo
80 5 AI
1.5 Cr
60
1.5 Fe
eANN
0 1625 F, 1 HR, WQ
I Mo
+1000P, 8 HR

20

0
-200 0 200 400 600 800
TEMP- F
PIG. 3,0325 BPPBCT OP TBST TBt.1PBRATURB ON IMPIICT
STRBNGnl OF BAR ' (4, p. 76)

18

12

10~----~----~----~----~--~

0 200 400 600

TBMP- P.

PIG. 3, 061 MODULUS OP BLASTICITY AT ROOM AND

BLBVATBD TBMP8RATURBS
(5)(7. p. iii)

REFERENCES
7
Tt-5. l-i. SCrl. 5Pe-1Mo
1/2 TO liN BAR I AMS 49:/.9, (Aug. 15, 1958)
2 AMS 4969, Qan. 15, 1959)
3 Titanium Metals Corp. of America, "Properties of TI155A",
Titanium Engineering Bulletin No. 5, ( 1958)
4 Hatch, A. J., "Alloy Uvaluatlon Program Summary for !957
~ 1958", Titanium Metals Corp. of America, (Oct. 1958)
North American Aviation, Inc., Rp. No. AL 224112, (Oec.l956)
~ 5~--~---+--~~~4----~
5
6 North American Aviation, Inc., "Materials Property Mant.al and
Summary Report", Rp. No. AL 2604, (Oct. 1957)
Hatch, A. J, and Parris, '1\o. M., "Alloy Evaluation Program
SJmmary for 1956". Titanium Metals Corp. of America, (Apr.
4L---~-----L----~--~~~ 1957)
0 200 400 600 800 1000 8 Lenolng. G. A.. Greenlee, M. L., Parris, W. M. and Kessler,
TFMP- F H. D., "The Determination of the Effect of Heat Treatment on
the Elevated Temperature Stress-Stability or Titanium Alloys",
FIG. 3.062 MC>,).'i '-~ ;)F RlGIDITY AT ROOM AND Third Quarterly Progress Report to WADC from Titanium Metal
BL!iV .:r,<) TBMPBRATURBS (3, p.IO) Corp . Contract No. AF 33(616)3638, (Mar. 1957)

I. I CODE 37041
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL 1. 072 All products can be supplied In tbe annealed, solution

This .tpbabeta type titanium .tloy Is beat treatable to treated or aged condition. Ti
vart01111 atteugth levels 8Dd bas moderate ductlllty at room
temperature 8Dd good stablllty to 750 F. It Is available 1. 08 Melting 8Dd Casting Practice. COnsumable electrode 5 AI
In sheet; plate and other wrought forms, 8Dd It was the double vacuum melt.
first .tloy produced at very thin attlp (foB) for boaled 2.75 Cr
hoaeycomb assemblies. The formahlllty ol. this .alloy I. 09 Special Coll81derationa. See Tl, Commercl.tly PUre.
compares favorably with that ol. other beat treated titanium
1.25 Fe
.tloys, but Its weldahUity Is limited.
2. PHYSICAL AND CHBMICA1. l'Ra'BRTIBS

1.01 Commercl.t Defllgnatloo. SAl-2. 75Cr-1. 25Fe Tlmnium 2.01 Tberm.t Propertiea
Alloy. 2.011 Melting range
2.012 Pbasc changes. This alloy transforms on cooling from beta
.AllzmJate Designations. TISAl-2. 75Cr1.25Fe, RSHO. to alpha +beta at 1650 to 1750 P.
TISAl-4PeCr. Thermal conductivity
Thermal exptUillion, Fig. 2. 014.
1.03 Spec111cstlo118. None. Specl1lc best

1.04 Composition. Table L 04.. 2.02 Otber Physical Propei,t!es

2.(121 DensitY. 0.163 lb per cu ln. 4. 51 gr per cu em.
2.022 Blectrfcal resistivity
TABLB 1 04 2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic.
Source (3)

Percent 2. 03 Chemical Properties. See Tl, Commercl.tly Pure.

Min Max
Aluminum 4.50 s.so
Chromium 2.25 3.25 3. MBCHANICAL l'Ra'BRTIBS
Iron 0.80 1. 75
Carbon
Hydrogen
- 0.10 3. 01
3. 011
Spec111ed Mechanical Properties
Producers guaranteed mechanlcsl properties, Table 3. 011.
Sbeet
Bar
-- 0.0150
0.0125
Nitrogen - 0.05
Source
TABLB 3 011
I
Titanium Balance
Allov
Ponn Bar
TISAI-2. 75Cr-1 25Fe'
Sheet
1. OS Heat Treatment Condition Sf(l450to 1500 P) Sf(1500 to
1. 051 AJmeal. Ann Sf+Age +ARC 1550P)+ARC
1. 0511 Sheet. 1425 F, 20 min, furDBce cool 100 F per hr max- C1:011 section

1.0512
Imum to 1000 p.
oar. 1425 P, 2 hr, furDBce cool100 F per hr maximum
area 1q In - <IO - -
Ptu mlnkll 1SO 180 180 185
to 1000 P. Pty, mlnkll 140 160 155 160
1. 052 Heat treat. 1350 F to 1550 F, 10 min to 1 hr, water quench ~mln-pen:ent 10 6 4" 3
+ 900 to 1000 F, 6 to 10 hr. Temperature and time depend
upon section size and strength level dealred..
RA -percent 25 15 - -
1. 0521 Bffect of solution treating temperature on teii8He proper- Thlcltneu greeter than 0. 010 In
tiea of abeet 8Dd bar, Pig. 1. 0521.
1. 0522 Rff<:ct of aging temperature on tensile properties of bar,
3. 02 Mecbanlcs' Properties at Room Temperarure. See 3. 03
Fl;:;. 1.0522.
also. -
1.0523 Sh..-.etfor Ptu a 180 lcsl minimum. 1450 to 1500 F, 10 min.
3. 021 Hardness. 32 to 38 Rc.
water quench+ 900 F, 6 to 10 hr.
3. 022 Bffect of tblclcneas on te1181le properties of abeet, Fig.
1. 0524 Sheet <or Ptu =200 ksl minimum. 1500 to 1550 F, 10 mill. 3.022.
water quench+ 900 P, 6 to 10 hr.
3. 023 Sffect of exposure to elevsted temperatures on teDBile
1. 0525 llar for P 111 180 ksl minimum. 1400 to 1450 P, 1 hr,
properties of aged sbeet, Fig. 3. 023.
water quench + 900 to 1000 F, 6 hr.
3. 024 BUect of exposure to elevated temperatures, with and
without load, on tensile properties of annealed abeet, Fl!f-
1. 06 Hardenabilltr. Bffect of section size on teDBile properties
3.024.
of bar, Table 1. 06.
3. 025 BUect of exposure to elevated temperatures, with 8Dd
without load. on tensile propenles ot aged sheet, Table
TABI..B 1 06 3.025.
!:ioun:e I TABLB 3 025
l;i~n-P wn .. onn F. 6 (l
..
r.nndlrlnn )hr Source
~17... 3 In 5 In Allov 1-~Al-2 5 r-1 25Pe

Specimen Fonn 0 060 In lh-

POIIdon Bdl!l! Center Bdl!l! Center Bdl!e :::..nrer Condition A"""
100br e -ureat Tet . I RT
Tell
dlracllon L T L T L T L T L L Temp- Laid- Strength level-200 kit Strength level-225 lei I
p lest
Pru
p
-- lest 195 195 180 186 199
kll 170 172 157 167 172
198 185 188
171 161 165
193
166
184
159
e(21n) e(21n)
Frukll Frvkll percent Ftukll l'rvkll percent
e{l D)pen:ent 5 6 7 10 5 5 6 6 6 5 RT -
198 l61 7 226 171 6
RA -percent 11 13 22 18 14 13 21 13 13 13 500 100 200 162 8 203 162 6
600 95 203 164 7 204 161 4
700 70 201 160 5 195 151 3.5
1. 01 Forms and Conditions Avallahle 800 45 203 159 6 202 145 4
1. lnl Alloy Is available In the frill commercial range of sizes for 900 20 198 160 3.5 187 150 4 5
sheet, strip, plate, bar, forgings. 8Dd wire.

I CODE ~7051
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

3,026 Bffect of stretching a!ter so1utlcn treatment on tensile 4.032 Fusion welding of this alloy Is not generally recommendod.
Ti properties of aged sheet, Flg. 3, 026. 4.033 Spot weldlo,g of this alloy to good shear streo,gth values
3,027 Bffect of stress concenttatlon on tbe notch SI:I"P.ngtb of Is possible.
5 AI sheet, Fig. 3, 027.
2.75 Cr 4.04 Heatiog and Heat Treatiog. See TI6Al-4V.
3.03 MechB!Ucal Properties at Various Temperatures
1.25 Fe 3,031 Shon time tension properties 4.05 Surface Treating, See Tl, Commercially Pure.
3,0311 Stress strain curvea at room and elevatedtempe rarures
for annealed sheet, Fig. 3. oau.
3. 0312 Stress strain curves at room and elevated temperarures
for aged sheet, Fig. 3, 0312,
3, 0313 Bffo:ct ot test temperarure on tensile properties of annealed
sheet and bar, Fig. 3, 0313.
3.0314 Bffect of test temperature "" tensile properties of aged
sheet and bar, Fig. 3, 0314.
3,032 Shan time properties other !Inn teii.Sinn
3.0321 Effect of test temperature on compressive yield strength
of sheet and bar, Fig. 3, 0321.
3,0322 Bffect of teat temperalllre on bearing properties of bar,
Flg. 3, 0322,
3.0323 Bffect of test temperalllre oo, shear streo,gth of bar,
Fig. 3, 0323,
3.0324 Bffect of teat temperature on Impact streo,gth or annealed
bar, F lg. 3, 0324,
3,033 Static stress concentration effects
3,04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
3,00 creep curves at 600 and 800 F for annealed sheet, F !g.
3.00.
3.042 Creep curves at 600 and 800 F for aged sheet, Flg. 3. 042.
3,043 Creep rup111re curves at 800 to 1000 F for annealed slleet,
Fig. 3, 043.

3,05 Fatigue Pxoperties 0 0. O"D IN SHBBT

3,051 Room temperature fatigue properties of bar, Table 3, 051, 220 ST, 1/2 HR, WQ+--+ -....---1
e 0. O.fO IN 5HBBT
ST, l/2HR,WQ+9 00F,
TABLB3.051 6TOUHR.
Source 3 200
Form lt

Cond Temp Method StreJI Streu Fatigue strengthksi

f' Rallo Concen at Cyc:les

Ann RT
R tratlon 107
Rot -1 K1 88
Ptu ~m
162 ksl K2 .f7
Aged K1 lOS
pt
J!RI ksl K2 5-t

3.06 Elastic Properties

3.061 Modulus Ol elasticity for sheet at room and elevated tern
peratures, Flg. 3, 06L
3,062 Modulus of elasticity for bar at room and elevated temper-
atures, Fig, 3, 062,

"'
4.01
FABRICATION

Formtns and Castille:

4.011 GeneraL PxellmJnary investigations reven! tbat,ln tbe an-
nealed c:ondJI!on, thl~ alloy forms well nt elevated temper-
aturfl and better than TI-6Al-4V at roum temperature.
4.012 Bffect of test temperature on' rnlnlmum bend factor for
solution treated sheet, Plg .f. 012.
4.013 Forging. Startiog temperature, 1750 F maximum, fin
lshlng temperature, 1.foe F minimum. To obtain optlmuru
properties, forging equivalent to 25 to .fQ percent reduc
~10
tion should be performed below the beta to alpha + beta
transformation temperature In tbe final forging operation.
m
Subsequent reheatiog, such as required for sizing opera- 0
Ilona, should not ex~:eed about 200 F below the beta to 1200 1300 l"DD 1500 1600
alpha + beta transformation temperature.
&lllmON TRBAT TRMP F
4, 02 Machlnlng. See Ti, Commercially Pure.
~
no. 1.11521 BFPBCT OP SOLutiON
-t.03 Welding TRBATING TBMPBRA'TURB ON
TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS OF SHBBT
4. 031 General. This alloy has rather limited weldablllty, but AND BAR
bondlog of assemblies has been performed successfully.
(3)

I
CODE 37051
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Tl-SAl-~-L 25Pe Ti
220

I"'
- - - ST 5 AI
- - AGBD
2.75 Cr
200 1.25 Fe

180
~~
~
5180 PTY'

~
1~
.,.... __ """' -.... l'e
Pro

~1~ ~~----~----~--~~~~--~ >----.. In

140
--1 >--- ro PTY'
120
20

~
m
20

e(l l/21N)
~ 10 f--
e~ ~
--- J)

0
900 1000 1100 1200 1300 m
0
AGING TBMP - F 0 0. 020 0. 040 o. ~ 0. 080
'IHICKNBSS - IN
PIG. 1. 0522 BFFBCT OF AGING TBMPBRA'rullB ON
TBNSU:.B PROPBRTIBS OF BAR (7,p.27) PIG. 3,022 BPPBCT OF THICKNESS ON TBNSILB
PROPBR'JIBS OF SHBBT
(9, p.3!-32)

220
Tl-SAJ-2. 75Cr-l. 25Pe
0. 063 IN SHBBT

200 - ...
1525 P, WQ +9oo P, 6 HR

Pro

~
1~

TBSTBDATRT PTY
100 HR BXl'OSUllB
AVG OP 12 'l'BS'm BACH POINT
140
~ 10
~
.. -
e (21N)

leo
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TBMP-P
PIG, 3. 023 BPFBCT OF BXPOSURB TO BLBVATBD TBMPBR-
PIG. 2.014 TI!BRMAL EXPANSION AftiitBSONTBNSlLB PROPERTIBSOP AGED.
(10), SHBBT {6, p. 142)
(

I ___ .. ..,.,""r I
 Tl
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE D MARCH 1963

Ti 180
Tl-SAl-2. 75Cr-1. 25Fe 200
u
..
0. 040 IN SHEET Tl A1-2. 75Cr-1. 25Fe
5 AI
2.75 Cr 160 - FTU 1:l25Ij~
. 180 ,f--_ _;lk- ---'-- -+-.
0. 063 IN SHEET; L
415QO F, 1/2 HR., WQ
900 F, 6 HR.-+ ----1
1.25 Fe
,... ~)
0
FTY
~140 e NONB
.A.
y
80 ICS1 LOAD
70 ICSI

._
160

... ,. -
10
e (2 IN)
A~
"-, 140

~
~
TBSTBD ATRT
100 HR. 'llYW\C:TtR R
~
reo uo
0 200 400 600 800 1000

D
TBMP-F
FIG. 3.024 BPPBCT OF BXPOSURB TO BLBVATBD
TBMPBRATURBS WITH AND WITHOUT LOAD 100 0
ON TBNSILB PROPBRU BS 01' ANN BALBO
SHBBT (3)

80
.. .045 .014 .007 .004 .0027

.0019
r, IN

l I
5
I
7 J I
ll.
I
13
STRBSS CONCBNTRATION FACTOR - K

FIG. 3. 027 BFFBCT OF STRBSS CONCBNI'RATION ON THB NOTCH

STRBNGTH 01' SHEET (8, p.J9, 21)

STRBTCH __ITI5Al-2. 75Cr-1. 25Pe

TBMP- P 0. 063 IN SHBET
e RT 1480 I'. WQ+STRE T.CH+900 I' 6Hl
4 800
" 900
1000
200 +oo Fro

/ .,.
18 0~

TBSTBO ATRT
160
18 0

160
I
Fn

_ _,
~

140
0 I 2 n. 004
4 0 0.002 o. 006 o. oos 0.010
L~INPBRIN
STRBTCH PBRCBNT
FIG. 3. 026 BFFBCT OF STRBTCHING APTBR SOUTrlON FIG. 3,03U STRESSS TII.AINCU RVBSATR OOMAND
TRBATMB NT ON TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS OF AGBO r!LEVATBO TBMPERA 1lJRBS FOR ANNEALE D SHBET
SHBET (5, TBL. YO
(2, p.j-10) -:..

I~ODE 37051
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
5 AI
2:75 Cr
1.25 Fe

~ 80

60

TBNSION

0 0. 002 0. 004 0. 006 0. 008 0. 010 o. 012

S'I11.AIN IN PBR IN

PIG, 3, 0312 STRBSS STRAIN CURVBS AT ROOM AND

BLBVATBD TBJI.U'BRATURBS FOR AGBD SHBBT TiSAI-2. 7Scr-1. 25Fe
(2, p.J-11, 12) SHBBT AND BAR 160
ANN

160
140~
I

140 r-~~~---t~~~~~~----4-~120~

lf20 100
I

~00 80

.6, 2 1/8 IN BAR (10)

80
.BAR
1450 P ,2 HR.,FC + 500 F
60 (4)
40

!;:20
Ill
:il
f 0
e(21N)
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TBMP -F

PIG. 3, 0313 EFFECT OF TBST TBMPBRA'ruRB ON TENSILE

PROPBRTIBS OP ANNBALED SHEET AND BAR
(3X4XJO)
 Ti
NONFER~OUSALLOYS REVIS ED MARC H 196~

Ti 200
'L)
Tt-5A1-2 . 75Cr-1. 25Pe
SHBBT AND BAR
5 AI AOBD
2.75 Cr
1.25 Fe
~~~~~~---r----4-~1~~
320 1---~~~-+~~-+----~---~uo ~

f '"'
--~~~~~~-4--~1~ uo

~
I 2~

~
I '"'
1:12 100
s.. e 0. 035 IN SHBBT 2oo
1450 P, 1/2 ~. WQ+900P.
4HR (3)
0. 063 IN SHBBT I~
1450 P, 1/2 HR. WQ+IOOO P, 4 HR 0 200
400 600 1000
(5) TBMP -P
A 0. 063 IN SHBBT
ao 1525 P. WQ + 900 P. 6 HR -t------1----~....___
.
PIG, 3,0322 EPPECT OP TEST TEMPER ATURE ON
BEARING
(5) PROPERTIES OP BAR (10)
621/8 IN BAR
1475P, IHR, WQ+IO OOP,4H R
(10)
.BAR
1450 P, 2 HR. WQ +900 P, 5 HR
(4)

400 1000
TBMP- p

PIG. 3. 0314 BPPSCT OP TBST TIWPBR ATURB ON TBNSIL B

PROPBRTIBS OP AGBD SHBBT AND BAR (3)(4)(5)
(10)
TBMP -P

e SHBBT, ANN. PIG. 3. 0323 BPPBCT OP TBST TBMPBRATURB

ON SHBAR
180 1--~---+ (4
)
STRBN Gnf OP BAR (10)
0 2 1/8 IN BAR, ANN.
6 21/8 IN BAR
1475 P, 1 HR. WQ +1000 P
4HR 80
Tt-5Al-2 . 75Cr I. 25Pe
(10
3/4INBA R
ANN.
!!~
''""''
i;
sa::~

~
~ 20

0
so L---1.---'--~L---'----1 -200 0 200
0 200 400 400 600 800
600 800 1000 TBMP -P
TBMP -P
PIG. 3,0321 EPPECT OP TEST TEMPERATURE ON PIG. 3. 0324 BPPBCT OP TBST TBMPBR A'I'URR ON
COM- IMPACT
PRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH OP SHEET AND BAR STRENGTH OP ANNBALBD BAR
(7,p.28)
(4, p. 91)(10)

I CODE 3705 1
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS-ALLOYS

\
_ jI
T!-SAl-2. 7SCr-1. 25Fe Ti

100 --
-
SHBBT
ANI'l.
--. -
5 AI
80
--- --
........ ....:.-:
~'ft'lF

B
2:75 Cr
1.25 Fe

'"""'"'- :-;
60
1--. r-----+------r~~~A~TI~C~-----;~~~
....: 14

~
- - - 1.1J%}
- - 0. 5%
'""'
CRBBP
~
800 p
12
~ 1--+----+- --+----f--\ -+1
- - 0.2i,
20 I
10 100 1000
Tllo4B- HR.
PIG. 3, 041 CREEP CURVBS AT .600 AND 800 P
e ANN
(II) 0 1425 P, WQ +900 P, 6 HR
FOR ANNEALED SHEET
8
0 400 ' 600 800 1000
TBMP -P

PIG. 3,061 MODUWS OF BLAmCITY FOR SHEET AT

ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
(3)

20 T!SAl-2. 7 -1.25Pe
2 1/BINBAR

80

60
~16~--~-----r--~f-~~~~~

\ __..,
~

20
12~--~~-- ~----~--~ ~--~
0 200 400 600 800 1000
10 100 1000 TBMP-P
TIME- HR.
,t... PIG. 3, 042 CREEP CURVES AT 600 AND 800 P
PIG. 3. 062 MODULUS OF BLASTICITY POR BAR AT ROOM
AND BLBVATBD TBMPBRATURBS
1' POR AGED SHEBT (II)
(10)
t
~ 5

'
Tl-SAl-2. 75Cr-1.25Pe
0. 040 AND 0. 063 IN SHaBT
i'.
I'--- 1--- 2~

I.
ll!o X

~ t\.
1 ' 100
80

60
r-------+---~~~~~--~

\
1\
0
200 400, 600 800 1000
\ 1200
20 RUPTURE 0
1 10 100 1000 TBMP -P
TIMB- HR.
P10. 4. 012 BPPBCT OP TBST TBMPBRATURB ON MINlMUM BBND
PIG. 3,043 CREEP RUPTURE CURVES AT
FACTOR FOR SOLtmON TRBATBD SHBBT
BOO P TO 1000 P FOR ANNil.~LED (6)
SHBBT (3)
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

REFBRBNCBS
Ti
5 RepJbllc Steel Corporation, "Titanium Grades and Properties,"
AI (1959)
2.75 Cr 2 Battelle Memorial Institute, "The Engineering Properties of Com-
mercia! Titanium Alloys, " TML Rep. No. 92, (June 4,1958)
1.25 Fe 3 Republic Aviation Corp~ratlon, "Heat Tr,..table Titanium Alloy
Sheet, "Prog. Rep. on the Mechanical Properties of RS 140 Shee:,
Tecbn. Bulletin, (Oct. 4, 1957)
4 Battelle Memorial lnstltue," The Properties of Titanium Alloys
at mevated Temperature s", TML Rep. No. 82, (Sept.10, 1957)
5 Republic Steel Corp., "The Bffects of Pre-Strain on the Aging
Response o! Solutio:~ Treated RS -140 Sheet," Te:hn.lnf. Bulle:ln
No.IO, (Sept. 30,1958)
6 c;>eneral Dynamic Corp., "Titanium S.1ndwlch P.. nel Research and
Developmen t," Co:JValr Dlv.,Final Rep.,AMC TR S7-7-!il8, Vo!.1,
(Nov. 1959)
7 Republic Steel Corp., "Republic Titanlu.n and Titanium Alloys,"
(1954)
8 Sacha, G. and Sessler, J. G., "Effect of Stress Concentration on
the Tensile S!reJ16th of Heat Treated Titanium Alloy Sheet at
Various Temperature ," SUR!, Final Rep., (Aug. 1960)
9 Dru.=ker, B. B., Sessler,]. G. aud Smith, B.A.," Te:hnlcal Evalu-
ation of Fabrication and Related Data Obtained In Pn ase III of the
DOD Titanium AllD'/ Sheet Rolling P..:ogram, " SUR!, Interim Rep.
No.2, (July IS, 1955)
10 North America Aviation, (1957)
11 Republic S!eel Corp., (1959)

ICODE 37051
 REVISED MARCH 1965
NONFERROUS ALLOYS T

-"'"' 1.
~,.
GBNBRAL 1.042 Compoaltioa for BLI grade, Table 1.042.
ThJa Is a medhim atreDgtb all alpba titaD1um alloy used
oaly In the 8illlealed coadJttoll, having very high fracture TABLE 1 042 Ti
toughness at room and elevated temperatures . lD Source 114 (15
5 AI
common wlth other tftanlum alloys the tenalle streugth
Increases rapidly wlth decreasing temperature. At
IPorm s-t Shee-t, strip, bar,
liquid hydrogen tempera-e yield streugth to density
hUiet and wire 2.5 Sn
Pereeat Perceat
ratios from 1, 200, 000 to 1, 500, 000 are obcalned,
Min Max_ Min Max_
depending on the lnterstltlal element coatent. The Aluminum 5.0 5.8 4.7 5.6 Ti-5AI-2.55
---
yield streugth and tenslle atreugth Increase and the
fra=e toughness decreases wlth Increased caatent
Carbon 0.05 -0.08
of the Interstitial elements. The extra low lnteratltlal
Chromium
Hydrogen
0.10
0.015
-
-- -
0.0175
grade (BLI) Is particularly well suited to service at Iron -0.25 0.15

--- -
cryogenic tempera-ea and In sheet form baa an
~ese 0.10 -
---
excellent combiDatlaa of toughneaa and streugth at -423P.
lDformatlon coacerulng the toughneaa of heavy aectlou
Molyb1enum
Nltiogen
0.10
0."04
-
0.05
at cryogenic tempera-ea Is not avallable as yet. This ,~ - 0.12 0.12
alloy Is readlly fusion welded using the TD or MJG
~lum 2.2 2.8 2.0 3.0

--
process. The toughness and streugth ol properly made

--
0.10 -
fusion welda Is equal to that of the parent metal. The
stress corrosion realataDce of this alloy at elevated
~er elements
lfitanium
0.30
Balance
-
Balance
tempera-es In the presence of solid aalt Is lower than
that of other commcmly used titaD1um alloya. A aevere o. 0125 011 bar and bUlet
explosion hazard may exist II the alloy is used In coatact
wlth llquld oxygen 'or In contact wlth gaseous oxygen at
pressures above about 50 pal, (see 1.09). 1.05 Ht!llt Treatmeat
1.051 Anneal. 1325P to 1550P, 10 mlnutea to 4 hours,
Commerclsl Designation furnace cool or air cool. AMS 4910A and 4966 give
5A12.5Sa Titanium alloy. 1475 to 1500P, 1 hour, air cool. Tempera-e s above
1400P appear to give somewhat Improved tenll!le and
1.02 Alternate Oealgnatlnna Impact properties (see Pig. 3. 0331). Rapid cooling
AUOAT, HA-5137, MST-5AI-2.5Su, appears to lncreaae fracture toughneas aa compared
RSUOC, 5AI-2.5Sn BLL wlth slow cooling, (see Pig. 3. 03722).
1.052 Stress relief 1000 to 1200P, 15 minutes to 1 hour, air
1,021 Producers ol the alloy: cool.
Crucible Steel
Harvey Aluminum 1. 06 Hardneaa
Reactive Metals Aiiiieii1eif hardness appraxlmatel y 36 RC.
Republic Steel As cast appraxlmatel y 321 BHN.
Titanium Metals Corp. ol America
1.07 Porms and Conditions Available
1.03 Specification s 1.071 Alloy Is available In the full commerclsl rqe ol.alzea
1.031 AMS Specifications, Table 1. 031. for sheet, strip. plate, bar, forgluga, wire and
extrusions.
TABLB 1.031 1.072 All wrought products are available In the -=-ted
AMS Porm Mllltarv_ condition.
4910A Sheet, strip, plate 1'9046 Class 3 1.073 Castings are also available oa a commerclsl baals.
4926 Bar 1'9047 Claaa 2
4953 Weld wire 1.08 Melting and Caatlug Practice
4966 Porglugs aod forglug stock 1'9047 Claaa 2 CODlllllllable electrode double vacwm melt.

1.09 Special Conslderatla aa

1.04 Compoaldoa 1.091 Dlrect1oaallt y. Depending oa the rolling and annealing
1.041 Composition for ataodard grade, Table 1.041. caadlt1ons, a TI-AI alloya tend to develop preferred
orientatloa wlth the basal plane parallel to the ab-
TABLE 1 041 surface. This texture Inhibit& strain In the tblckne&l
,s.,,.~,.
AMS rnr2X4l AMS(5) (15 dlrectloa when tensile atreaaea occur parallel
to the ah- pla.ae, (33). Since twiimlng Is alao able to
Sheet, atrlp, plate !'beet. atrlp. produce deformatlca, factor which auppreaa this process
Form bar, forging and Weld wire ~ate, bar,
forging stock IIUCb aa a atnaU grain alze, also tend to lnblhlt thlckneea
"Uiet, wire
strain. The result ol thlcknea& strain lnblhltion Is to
Percent Percent Perc eat raloe the yield streugth In a biaxial atreaa flit~ lleyoad
Min Max Min Max Min Max that for a.a Isotropic material. 1bJa yield atreagth
Aluminum 4.0 6.0 4.0 6.0 4.0 6.0 elevatloa can be calculated according to Hill, (31) aa
- - --- (b)0.50
Carbon 0.15 0.10 o.os follow a:
Hydrogen 0.003 0.020 -
0.015
-- o.so
---
o.so

~
Iron -112
Manganese
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Tin
Other elementa
Titanium
2.0
--
-
0.30
0.07
0.20 (a)
3.0
0.40
2.0
0.20
0.07
-
0.0179;a
3.0
- -
- -
-- 0.05
2.0 3.0
- -.
-
C7j
--
FTY
t
00: crz ( --
+----
"f Oj I+R
2R )

where C7j and O"zare the principal streaaea and R IJo the
Balance Balance Balance ratio ol..-.1 8trs1D Ia tho width. to thatln the thick-
a) If determined (AMS 4926 aod 4923) - directloa In a teulle teet:
b) Sheet, 0.0175 max:. Bar, 0.0125 max; Billet, 0.0100 max.
w I ln-
RJn-!. '
W t

CODE 3706
f'ME
~ Ti
I NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 19!iS

i
l 5
Ti
AI
where W &Dd t are the IJimm-a wklth U.S lblclalella
&Dd W0 &Dd t., are the carreapaadlo g iDldal values. An
R value d aae carreapcala to IBtroplc bebavlar, values
aa hJgb aa 3.0 are sametlmea - e r e d ID aormally
llmlta for atreaa carroeiOD for times above about 100
hours. Bxpoeure to aolld ayntbedc .e. aalt In heavy
coatings wU1 produce atreaa corroaiOD In 100 boura at
600P U the atreaF. 18 above about 30 leal (aee Pig. 2.0321).
lJ
I
processed SA12.5Sa sheet, <-Pig. 1.0911). By special 2.0321
2.5 Sn raUIDg &Dd &DDe8l1qr treatmcmta values samewbat J!Jaber l!tfect Ill atresa &Dd temperature 011 100 hour aalt atreaa
lbau four C8ll be produced &Dd give rlae to ccmeldenble corroaiOD of abeet, Pig. 2. 0321.
! blulal atrCIII(IIheaiDg, ( - Pig. 1. 0912). Special
TI-5AI2. 5Sn compoeWoaa are UDder develapmeDt wbk:h have hlgber
2.04 l'ilclear Properties
R value lbau C8ll be abtaiDed wltb 5Al2.5Sa,. (32). It
3. MECHANICAL PROPBRnBS
abould be nClted that the IDilueace d texturiDg em prcpert.les
odter lbau the tC1118Ue atrCIIIjlth have DOt heeD IDveatlgated
3.01 SpecUied Mec:banlcal Properties
at the time lbla chapter waa prepared. lD pert1cular, lhe
3.011 AMS specUied prcpert.lee, Table 3.011
c:ract propagattcm realataDce Ill texture atrCIII(IIhCIIIed
ebeet abould be atud1ed before aJIII(yiDg It to critical TABLB3 011
aJIII(Icattcma. Source lK~KI
tc 3
1.0911 DlrectloDdlt y Ill tC1118Ue atrCIII(IIh aod plastic atraiD for . AllOY TI-SAl-2. SSn
lbree beata Ill am>ealed eheet, PJ&. 1.0911. Sheet, atrlp, plate, bar, forglcga
1.0912 l!tfect d raUIDg temperature aod &DIIIIaliDg treatmeDt em
the Ulllaxlal yield atrqth &Dd the theoretical blula1
....
,,.....,..,,,_ aDd forging stock Weld wire
yteld atrCIII(IIh IDa 2:1 atreaa field, Pig. 1.0912.
1475 to 1525P, 1 br AC -
1.092 IDteratltlal embrlttlemem , (aee 6Al4V).I!xtr a low Pru miDIcal 115 115 to ISO
1Dterat1tlal grade( ELI)abould be employed for crycgcmlc PilD> miDkal 110 .
eervlce. Reduc:Ucm of the IDteratltlal elemeDt ccmteDt
e( miDperccmt(a) 10 .
below that ID prescmt commerciall y produced ELI wUl
RA, mlDpercelll (b) 25 .
give further lmpravemeDta ID taugluleaa, <- Pig.
3.03714).
Hardneaa, RCmax 36 -
a) e(2 In) for abeet ~ 0. 025 IDI;b tblck.
b) Not apecUied for sheet
1.093 BmbrlttlemeDt by 8 atabWzere. The tOIIIdllleaa 18 c) Por AMS 4926 and 4966. A tenaUe specimen wltb 60 V notch remnviDg
reduced by J3atabUiziDg elemcmta.. Irca Ia a commcm
Impurity aDl should be excludd as far aa poealble 5l1l of cross oectlonal area baviDg 0. 005 ID tip radlua oball have S boura,
mlDimum rupture lUe at room temperature when loeded to 170 leal.
for aUoy to be used at crycgcmlc temperatures , Pig.
1.0931.
3. 012 Producers specUied mecb&Dical propenlea, Table 3. 012.
1.0931 I!Uect Ill !rem c-eut em 423P tenaUe aod mUd DOtcb
properties of BLI sheet, Pig. I. 0931.
1.094 Reactivity. Uader certalD '.'oodltlcma tltaDium aod Ita TABLB3 012
alloy exhibit enreme reactivity wben apoaed to IS<iiice ll>l
oxygen euvlrcamema . Wben ID ccmtact wltb liquid oxygen Ailml TI5Al2.5Sn
IPft- Sheet atriD. Dlate, bar. bUlet_
burDIDg can occur lD Impact loediDg &Dd vloleDt explosive
reactlcma have heeD observed when the metal 18 subjected
lr.oWtttlnn Ann
!Grad~ Staadard BLf
to blgb velocity puDCture or to ahock wave from ex
ploslve charges. Wben ID coatact wltb gaaeoua oxygen Fru -miDkol 120 100
at preaaurea low aa SO pal aod temperatures aa low F~, miDkal us 90
e( ID) mlDperceDt(a) 10 10 (b)
a a 2SOP, freab fracture aurtacea wUl bum aod tbe
rNCUcm may propagate, (30). Surface treatmeDt baa
RA, miD-percem 25 -
little or no effect ID reduciDg tbe reactivity UDder the (a) >0. 025 ID thick
above coDdltiona, (30). (b) :s: 0. 020 ID thick, 8 percent; determined by configuration
1.095 Streoa corroal.oa. This alloy Ia more euaceptlble to of bar aed forgiDga.
elevated temperature aolld salt corrosiOD thaD odter
commoaly used tltaDium alloys, (oee 2. 032).
3.02 MecbaDical Propert:lea at Room Temperature
2. PHYSICAL AND CHBMICAL PROPBRTIBS 3.021 TCIIISIOD
3.0211 StreaaatralD diagrams, (aee 3.0311).
2.01 Thermal Propert:leo 3.0212 l!tfect Ill apoaure ID various medium to elevated
2.011 MeltiDg range. 28003000P. temperatures 011 tenaUe propenlea Ill &beet, Pig. 3. 0212.
2.012 Pbaae c:baDgea./3 tranaus 011 cooiiDg 18 1900 to 2000F, 3.0213 Bffect Ill atrecchiDg aod atreaa relief 011 teuaUe aod
traDeua 011 beatlag 1700 to 177SP. compreaalve yield atrecgtb Ill aheet, Fig. 3. 0213.
2.0121 Tlmetemper aturetr&Daf ormatlon diagrams 3.022 CompresaiOD
2.013 Thermal cooductlvlty, Fig. 2.013. 3.0221 StreaaatraiD diagram
2.014 Thermal expu~alon, Pig. 2. 014. 3.023 Impact
2.015 SpecUic beat, Pig. 2. 015. 3.024 Bend lag
2.016 Thermal dlfl>.. lvlty 3.025 Toralcm aod abear
3.026 BeariDg
2.02 Other Pbyalcal Propenlea 3.027 Streaa cODCeDtratlOD
2.021 Density. 0.161 lb per cu ID. 4. 46 gr per cu em. 3.0271 Notch properties
2.022 Blectrlcal resistivity, Pig. 2.022. 3.0272 Fracture tougbneaa
2.023 Mapetlc propertleo. Alloy Ia noamagnetlc. l'ermeabUity 3.028 ComblDed properties
at 20 oersteds, 1.00005.
2.024 I!mlaalvlty. See TI6Al4V. 3.03 Mechanical Propert:lea at Various Temperature
2.025 DllmplDg capacity 3.031 Tenalcm
3.0311 StreaaatraiD dlagrama
2.03 Chemlcll Propenlea 3.03111 StreaaatraiD curve for aheet, bar aod forglcga at room
See alao Tl Commerciall y flare and 'n-6A14V. &Dd elevated temperatures , Pig. 3. 03111.
2.031 CorrosiOD by gaaea. Appear to require a prCltectlve 3.03112 StreaoatraiD curves for abeet at very blgb temperature
coetiDg when used wltb gaaeoua Dourine, (16). wltb various atraiD ratea &Dd hClldlcg timea, Pig. 3. 03112.
2.032 Carroslcm by aolld aalt.(aee aleo Tt-6AlfV). 'Ibla alloy 3.03113 StreaaatraiD curves for ab- at low temperatures , Pia.
Ia more auaceptlble to aolld aalt corrosiOD at elevated 3.03113.
temperatures than 6AlfV or BAllMolV. Inaufflcle'Dt 3.0312 l!tfect Ill elevated te81 temperatures em the tC1118lle
data Ia avaUable to define tbe atreaa aod temperature propertlea Ill abeet, Pig. 3. 0312.

CODE 3706
PAGE 2
 REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

3.0313 Bftect ~ low teat temperabaea aullllterlltltlal eleu~ent 3.052 Stress rqe c11asram at 107 cycles far -ooth and oClfebed
and Pecadellt oa teDalle properties ~lib-, Pig. 3. 0313.
3.0314 Bftect ~ low and elevated teat temperature oa tensile
epeclmelia ol. sheet, Pig. 3. 052. Ti
propertl.ea ~bar, Pig. 3.0314; Propertlea
3.0315 Bftect ~ teat temperature, otra.ID rate and boldiDg time
3.06 Brastlc 5 AI
3.061 PotasOil'" ratio
oa tensile propertl.ea ~ lib-, Pig. 3. 0315. 3.062 Modulua ~ elasticity 2.5 Sn
3.0316 Bftect ~ teat temperature oa the tenalle properties ~ 3.0621 Static modulua ol. elasticity at low and elevated tempera
caat!Qga, Pig. 3. 0316. turea, Pig. 3. 0621.
3.032 Ccmpreaaloa 3.0622 Dynamic modulwo ~ elasticity at low and elevated tem 1i5AI2.5Sn
3.0321 Stresaotra.ID curves In ccmpressloa far beet, bar and peraturea, Pig. 3. 0622.
forg!Dga at room and elevated temperatures, Pig. 3.0321. 3,063 Modulua ol. rigidity
3.0322 Bftect ~ teat temperature oa ccmpresalve yield strength
~ llbeet, Pig. 3. 0322.
4. FABRICATION
3.033 Impact
3,0331 Bftect ~ &lllle&llllg temperature oa the low temperature 4.01 Parmablllty
Impact properties ~ BLI plate, Pig. 3. 0331. See Tltanlum Ccmmerclally l'llre
3.034 Beudlllg 4.011 General. Parmablllty o1. TI5A12.5So Ia lol.erlar to
3.035 Toraloa aad shear . that o1. Ccmmerclally l'llre Titanium and TI BMD. Sbort
3.0351 :!~ teat temperature Oil shear strength ~ bar, Pig. 3. 0351.
heatlnp; times are neceaaary when farmlllg above .1000P.
3.036 4 012 Porg!Dg. Stanlllg temperatUre. 1925P maximum, fiDI.ah
3.0361 Bftect ~ teat temperature .., '-rlllg properties ~ sheer , lllg temperature, 1650P minimum. To obtain optimum
Pig. 3. 0361. properties, roductiOila equlvalem to 25 to 40 percent should
3.037 Stress cOilCeutratlcm be perfarmed below the beta to alpha + beta traoafarmatiOil
3.0371 Notch properties temperature In the final forg!Dg operation.: Subaequem
3.03711 Bftect ~ low teat temperature,lnterstltlal elemems, aad reheatlllg, such as required far alzlllg operatiOila, should
lrOil coatem oa mild nClfeb properties ~ sheet, Pig. nat exceed a temperature ~ about 200P below the beta
3,03711. to alpha+ beta traDafarmatloa temperature.
3.03712 Bftect ~ teat temperature oa mild nClfeb strength ~
4.02 Machlu1Dg and Grlnd!Qg
sheet, Pig. 3.03712.
See Tltanlum Commercially l'llre
3.03713 Bftect ~ teat temperature Oil mild nClfeb mrength ~
bar, Pig. 3. 03713.
3.03714 4.03 Weldl.ag
Bftect o1. llbeet thickness, IDterlltltlal elanent aad lroa
4.031 General. This alloy Ia readily weldable by th~ same
coateD!.., sharp naceh properties at 423P, Fig. 3.03714.
processes uaed far Commercially l'llre Titanium.
3.03715 IDtluence ~ cold rolllllg em 423P sharp aotch strength PuaiOil welda ua!Qg the TIG ar MKl process are preferred
o1. BLillb-, Pig. 3.03715. far high tougbneaa at cry(l(lenlc temperatures. The
3.03716 Bftect ol. stretchlllg Oil the 423P sharp notch strength ol. fracture touglmeaa at 425P ~ TKl fualoo welda made In
BU abeet, Pig. 3.03716. llbeet Ia as high as the fracture tOUjlboeaa ~ parent metal
3.0372 Practuretouglmeaa provided that contamiDatiOil Ia avoided, (24). Brazing
3.03721 General. The fracture touglmeas ol. thlo alloy Ia very Ia not reccmmended at this time due to !>rlttleneaa
high at room temperat-.ae and above. At cry(l(lenlc associated with the farmatlon <:# latermetalllc ccmpouada.
temperatures the toughness Ia highly dependent on the 4.032 Bftect o1. teat temperature oo Impact strength ol. plate
Interstitial elemem cc..rent and the cOilteztt ~ MKl welded with various fillers, Pig. .f. 032.
atablllz~J!i elemema. If the cc..rent ~ these elemems Ia
\,-,.,;
low (BLI grade) the alloy Ia very well suited to service 4.04 Heat Treatment
at liquid hydr(l(len temperatures In sheet gages. Coollllg
rapidly frcm the &DIIed!Dg tempenture PP51" to 4.05 Surface Treatment
Increase the toughness ol. sheet and thf tteatmem llbould See Titanium Commercially l'llre
be uaed for critical appllcatl01l8. Fracture toughneas
values for plate are nat yet avaOable.
3.03722 Fracture toughness "t 423P as functif'll ol. thlclcDen TI5AI2.55o
for BLillbeet cooled slowly and rapidly from 811De811Dg ANN 1325P .f HR FC
temperature, Pig. 3. 03722.
3.038 Combined propert~es 40
3.04 Creep aad Creep Rupture Pro!le1"tkll Prolt>
3.041 Creep defarmatloa curves for llbeet at IIOOP and 1000P, 20 140

3.042
Pig. 3.041.
Creep defarmatlOil curves for sheet II! HOOP, Pig. 3. 042.
PTY E
3.043 Jaochrooous streaastraln curves at SUOP far 811De8led 120

3.044
aheet, Pig. 3. 043.
laochrOilOUS streaaatraln curves at 1000P for annealed
.o~
sheet, Pig. 3. 044.

3.05
3.051
Fatigue Ptoper!:lea
Rotatlllg beadlllg fatigue strength far smooth aad natcbed
.s+ 3
"llfiCK IN
sheet, Table 3. 051. 0.063

Source
.
TA8LB3 051
5 o. 6
A 0.071
0.09Q
Form Sbeet
Conditio A RA110 OP WID11i TO nnCKtkss
Streaa Streaa Fatigue Streogthkal STRAIN (0 TO 3% PLASTIC STRAIN)
Temp F Method
~~ c-- at cycle
1o6 .107
1.
0 45" 90"
A R tratloo 1o5
RT Rat .. 1 Smooth T~T DIRI!C110N
beam K 1 77 64 62 PIG. 1.0911 DIRBC"IlONALn"Y OP TBNSILR
Notched STRBN:;"Ill ANJ PLASTIC STRAIN
K 2.4 56 45 43 FOR 111REB I:IBATS OP ANNBALBD
K3.2 40 30 27 SHBBT (29, p. 12)

COOE 3706
PAGE 5
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

240 y 12
Ti Tl5Al2.5Sa Tl5A12.5Sa
0.093 IN SHBBT
5 AI ROLL 1"X, PBR PASS (RBHBAT AT ROLL~
4D 10 60\t RBI +ANN /
v
220
2.5 Sn 1l!BRMAL

L
v ""
CONDOOTIVITY
/
Ti-5AI-2.5Sn 200

1\ v
180 ' '\
/
Iii
:.:

r=
160
, ....
4
-400 0
v v

400 800 1200 1600

"'
140 , ..-
- ...... FIG. 2.013 1l!BRMAL CONDOCnVITY
TBMP F
(5, p. 3)

120

100
0
Pn
UNIAXIAL BIAXIAL
0

l.\6 A
ANN

1200F, 15 MIN
NONB
1500F 15 MIN
;>

- ----
..._
:
ll!
6
Ti5Al2.5So

AS v 600 800 1000 1200 1400 ~

MILL
ANN ROLLTBMP F ...~ 5~--~--~~--4----+--~
FRCNRTTO
FK;. 1.0912 BFPBCT OF ROLLIN:; TBMPBRATURB ANO INDICATHO
ANNBALIW TREATMB!IIT ON 1118 UNAXIAL
YIBID STRBNGnf AND 1liB 1liBORB11CAL
800 1200 1600 2000
BIAXIAL YIBlD STRBNG1liiN A 2:i STRBSS
PII!ID (28, p. 5) TBMP F
FIG. 2.014 1l!BRMAL EXPANSION (5, p. 2)

280
ITI5Al2.5Sa I!LI
0.045 IN SHI!ET ii:'
1500F, 5 MIN, AC
i~ 0.15
260
-. -423F ...
~
STRBNGnf

AVG L,T
~ 0.1

--kKK
0 800 1200 1600
TBMI' F
FIG. 2.015 SPBCIPIC HBAT (5, p. 3)
220
1'\.
F~
p t.t
200 1 U2 c No, H2 I
19911-1080 220225 I 100190 I 54-721
80

~
n-5Al2.!;Sa
180 1-1
!Ct 6.3 ~
t-
--..........
~
,.. 0.0025 IN
BLBCTRICAL
160
0.1 RBSISTIV11Y
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
IRON PBRCB!IIT 400 800 1200 1600 2000
FIG. 1. 0931 BFFI!CT OP IRON CO!IITB!IIT ON 423F TBNSILB TIIMP P
ANO MilD NOTCH PROPBRnBS OF BLI SHBBT
(27) FIG. 2.022 llLBCTRICAL RBSISTIVfJY (5, p. 2)

CODE 3706
PAGE 4
 REVISED MARCH 1965 NONf,ERROUS ALLOYS
Ti

80 160
TISA12.5Sa
-~ .... /
;
o;01s IN SHBBT (a)
n- 12.5Sa Ti
0.057 IN SHBBT
132SP, t HR, AC
60 1
ANN 5 AI
140
...
L T IN 100 HI
NO CRACKS 2.5 Sn
~ t CRACKS
PAILBD STRESS BLIBF
IP 120 ONONB Ti-5AI-2.5Sn
\ e82SP, 1 HR

~ ,, ...__
c~

~
Iii
w 120
A1050P, 15 MIN

0 100
500 600 700 900
BXI'OSURB TBMP F
PIG. 2.0321 BFFBCTOP STRBSSAN>TBM
PERATURE ON 100 HOURS SALT
STRESS CORROSION OF SHBBT
800 1 2 3 ..
(17) STRBTCH PBRCBNI'
(a) 1/f Ill wide 11111occb speclmea coatecl 1/16 1Dcb PIG. 3.0213 BPPBCT OF STRBTCHIHl AM>
th1ck wllb AS'IM aea aalt. STRBSS RBLIBP ON TBNSILB
AN> C~PRBSSIVB YIBID
STRI!I'C11f OF SHBBT (13)

A
L 0. 032 IN Vo. 063 IN n-SA12.5Sa
r; SHBBT
0 e UNBXPOSBD
f
i
160
6. A AIR ANN
' GAS(~N%11Qr3.SC<>2)

uo
\-
f-- t- 120
-..., n-5AI2.5Sa
SHBBT. BAR, FORG s
,., 200 HR nxksURB F"ru RT
,, Iii
w ANN
'r 120 I -~
100

[~ I -1-

-
300F
80
uo J---, I-
1:
~ r--- t--- SOOP
i'' FTY
Iii 60
~; Iii 120 1-- t;; w

-
w 700F
F' 900F

~;
100 40
20 1--
e
~

-- r----
,,
",'
~0
re
10

0
-
~
r-
TBSl'BD
ATRT
""1 '-

- 1'----
~
o.ocu
9IJ'X, PROIIABO.ITY
TBNSJON

RT v 1000 1100 1200 1300 1

0.002 0.006 0.008 0.010

TIIMP p STRAIN IN PBP. IN

PIG. 3.0212 BFPBCTOP BXI'OSURBINVARIOUSMBDilloiS FIG. 3.03111 STRIISS-STRAIN CURVBS FOR SHBBT, BAR AN>
TO ELBVATBD TBMPBRATURBS ON 11!NSlLB PORGIHlS AT ROCN AN> BLBVATBD TBMPBRA
PROPBR'I1BS OF SHBBT (12) TURBS (10, p. 31)

CODE 3706
PAGE 5
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEI> MARCH 1985

60 I
Ti n-w- .ss.. HOLDOOTIMB \__, )
SHBBT -wssc
5 AI ANN ---30MIN
50
2.5 Sn
IN P8R IN P8R MIN
Ti-5AI-2.5Sn 40

liJ
w 30

2770P

STRAIN IN P8R IN
PIG. 3.03112 STRBSSSTRAIN CURVBS FOR SHBBT ATVBRY
HIGH TBMPBRATURBS WITH VARIOUS STRAIN
RATBS AI'D HOLDOO TIMBS (9, p. 54) 1
ll n-SAI-2.5Sa
SHBBT
ANN
~ I 20
'\

140 1--
.
~ 100

l~~T-1--5-AI~-2~.~5&~--~----~~~~--~ 120
""~ r-- F'llJ

........ ~Iii
w
O. 064 IN SI!BBT
ANN
100
~\~ K t-... ..
t!
\
""
w

...r:
~

~
~
60
F'IY
~ ~ - 20

~
(S)
A o. 032 IN (12)
40
I
0.040 IN(9)
o. 025 TO 0,100 IN SCATTBIIIIAI'D
(10)(18)
\
20
40
.
.})
T ON
~
u
...Ci
20
....
~
-
e(Z~
_.
0
0,004 0.008 0,012 0.016 0.020 0 200 600 800 1000 1200
STRAIN IN P8R IN TBMP P
FIG. 3.03113 STRBSSSTRAIN CURVBS FOR SHBEn" AT LOW PIG. 3. 0312 BPFIICT OP BLBVATBD TIIMPBRATURB ON TIINSILB
TI!MPBRA'llJRBS (8, p. 43) PROPRRnBS 0P SHBBT (5, p.5)(9)(10,p.15,16)(12)(18,p.5)

COOE 3706
PME 8
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1965 .NONF~RROUS ALLOYS.

200
Ti
\ , 5 AI
J 320 160 lil 2.5 Sn
:0.:

120
} Ti-5A125Sn
160

110
240 120
lil
:0.: PTY

!= 80
"' 40

20

80 0
20
--Pro ~
Ill

20
---P TY
..ffi
u
0
-400 -200
e
0 200 400

TEMP F

~
u iO
FIG. 3.0314 EFFEC T OF LOW AND ELEVATED TEM
PERAT URE ON TENSIL E PROPERTIES

.ffi OP BAR (11, p. 13, 'Ibl. 4)

~----r-----~----~----~----~- 2.5Sn,
----
TEMP P 160
TISA\
AND
PIG. 3.0313 EPPI!C T OP LOW TEST TEMPE RATUR ES 0.040 IN SHEET
ltrrERS TlTlAL ELEM Etrr AI!D FeCO trrEtrr ANN
ON TENSIL E PROPERTIES OF SHEET
(19, p. 204)(20)

40

TEMP P
RATE
PJO. 3.0315 EPPI!C T OP TSSTT EMPBR A1URH , STRAIN
TIES OP
AND HOLDI N# TIME ON TBNSIL ll PROPER
(9, 'Ibl. VI)
SHEET

CODE 3706
PAGE 7
 c
~0' II
NONFE.RROUS ALLOYS
~,, f
1
. REVISED MARCH 1965
~'
' ~
k l
r
~:
140
f Ti A12.5So
1;::' ; Ti CAST+ llSOF, 1 HR, AC 120
n:SA!-2.s~

"
t~
1/4 JN DIA SPBCIMBNS
~; 5 AI
123
SHEET
ANN
!:.,, f. 2.5 Sn 100

rf' 1' )

; Ti-5AI-25Sn 100
liJ
:w:
~
~ ::. ~ 80
...t-

F~!'-...
t.
~ 80
~ 60
......
"..
~;

!i 60
r1.'i. . 400 200 400 600 800 1000
v
r. J
FIG. 3.0322
TI!MP F
BFFI!CT OF TBSr TEMPBRA1URB ON
ff C<NPRBSSIVB YIBLD STRBN:l'llf OF SHBBT
rr. (6, P 89)

I
{'
Ii'
s
0
e(l IN)
160
TISAI2.5~
ELI
1/ZINPLAT E
1900P, HR + 1300P, PRBSS FLATrBN

~~
~ 200 600 800 1000
l
TBM.P F
FIG. 3.0316 EFFECT OF TBSI' TI!MPHRA'IURE ON TENSILE
PROPHRTIBSOF CA5nroS (2l,p.A 4.2)
'
',.

lM.~T~l-~5A~l~-2~.5~~--~~---r-----r----,-----,
SHEET, BAR, FORGIN:lS
ANN

ANNEAL TEMP P
FIG. 3.0331 BFPI!CT OF ANNBALIN:l TBM
PERA'IURE ON THB LOW TEM
SOOF PBRATURB IMPACT PROP[!RTIES
OF ELl PLATE (22)
....
!iJ Ti5AI2.5~
:w: 700F
1/41NBAR
900F
00 \ ANN

\
80

60
""' .........
~ r--_
Psu ~
o.ooz 0.004t 0.006 . 0.008 0.012
t"\
SJ'RAJN JN PBR IN 40
0 200 400 600 BOO 1000
FIG. 3.0321 STRESSSJ'RAIN CURVES IN CCNPRBSSION FOR SHEET,
BAR AM> FORGOOS AT ROCN AN> ELBVATI!D TBMP TEMP P
ERA lURES (10, p. 32) 1'1D. 3.0351 BFFI!CT OF TBSr TBMFBRA1URB ON SHEAR
STRRNG'Ilf OF BAR (10, p. 37)

CODE 3706
PAGE 8
 II
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

-4;>
Ti-SAI-2. 5Sn
280 Tt-SAI-2 . SSa Ti
~ SHBBT
ANN
SHBBT
ANN 5 AI
240 240 2.5 Sn
lil
:w: Ti-5AI-25Sn
200 ' ::> 200
..:
Ill

"'
200 160 lil 160
:w:

160 120 120

Ul
:w:
; >-
..:
Ill 120
"'
80 800 1200
0 1000 -400 0 400
TBMP- F TEMP F
FIG. 3.0361 BFFBCT OF TBST TBMPBRATURE ON BBARIN:l FIG. 3.03712 BFPBCf OF TBST TBMl'BR AlURB ON
PROPBRT IBSOF SHBBT (7, p. 04) MILD NOTCH STRENGTH OF SHBBT
(8, p. 37)(12)

TISAJ-2 .5Sa
1/21NBA R
e 1470F, 50 HR, FC
.a. 2100 30 Ml AC

200

lil
:w:
160

~., ' .......

I~2
120

..............
r 0.002
80
-400 -200 0 200 400
TI!MP F TBMP F
FIG. 3.03711 BFFBCT OF LOW TBST TBMPBRATIJRBS, INI"BRSTITIAL BFPBCf OP TBST TBMPBRATIJRB ON
FIG. 3.03713
BLBMI!N r Al'll IRON CONrBNI " ON MILD NOTCH MILD NOTal STRBNGT H OF BAR (11)
PROPERT IES OF SHBBT (23)

CODE 3706
PAGE 9
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

I 280
Ti I n-SAI 2.5Sa I I

5 AI
2.5 Sn
i Iii
:w:
~
240
SHBBT, ANN 1500F, 45 MIN TO 2 HR

M>RMAL"'I
_t-
-- - 1
AVG L, T-423F
'i
'-
FTY
Ti-5AI-25Sn "' 200
LOWI
~
rLOW II

'1.0 BLEMBNTS PI'M

0
~
I=
<
,.;
M>RMALI 1800
N,
90 "- 380
c Fe
1600
0.8 OW II 1000 100 40 280
;: 1100

!iIQ
LOWI A 1030
NORMAL II 0 2000
.. ""'-
40 8
un 711
290
300 !::
~ 0.6 .:.
9
~ I~ t\."'-
...~
0.4
'-... ............. _1-o-- ~r

~
,.; 0.2
< 100
Gi
~ '~ ~
r< 0.7 MILS

': ....__ _
Ill
u 50
,.;
le SHEAR
--- .......... .....
0-
0.04 0.08 0.012 0.16 0.20 0.24 0.28
THICKNBSS-IN
PIG. 3. 03714 BPPBC T OP SHBET THICKNBSS, INTBRSTlTIA
L BLBM BNI'
AND IRON CONI'B NT ON SHARP NJTCH
l'IIOPBRTIBS AT -423F
(24)

T15A I2.5Sa BLI

260 0.025 IN SHBBT 423F
A N!'11500P, 2 HR, FC

220
p
AL
--1------ -- -- --
FTY
eT
Iii
:w: 180

140
l }JL-
4 NCYfC" m.BNG11f A
~
A
-.-
100 0
A
3 6 9 12

RBDUCTION PBRCBNI'
PIG. 3.0371 5 INPLUBNCB OP COLD ROLLIN:; ON 423F
SHARP ;NOTCH
STRBN :iTH OF BLI SHBBT
(24)

CODE 3706
PAGE 10
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

TI5AJ 2, 5Sn ELl 423F Ti

------a
ANN SHEET
260 1500F, 2 HR, FC 5 AI
25 Sn
-- FT'i 1 - - - -
220
~- ,- Ti-5AI25Sn
~ 1.
Cil
:00: 180 :-o. 025 IN n!ICK I r < O. 7 MILS

140
/ ./"' ?- JTCH snJNGTH

K101N
I
100 4 1 6 20 24
0
STRBTCH PERCENT

FIG. 3,03716 EFFECT OF STRBTCHINl ON 423F SHARP NOTCH

(24)
STRENGTH OF ELl SHBET

160~~L~T=-~------~-----+
e 0 AIR COOL
& t:. FURNACE COOL

0,05 0.15 0.20 0.25

THICKNESS IN
FIG, 3. 03722 FRACTURE TOUGHNESS AT 423F AS FUN::TION OF
THICKNESS FOR BLI SHBET COOLED SLOWLY AND
(24)
RAPIDLY FRCN ANNBALIN:l TEMPERATURE
100 TI-SAI-2 , 5Sn
80
- - ---
-- - -- 0,064 IN SH~~
60

.... -
:.,__

r-- : - -

......... r- --
f--
t--- .- 1--.
L

: 1----.
1'--1----.
r-....' .
'~ r-":._
----:--- ...
.............
800F

20 1". ....... ...... ....

~ 1"- ............ t---,........
, '
t"--..
10 :-..
8
..........
'
' " ',
6

----"}
---0.5 %
--0.1 %
---0.0 5%
CREEP ""'!"-" ~......
~

booF
~1
2
0.1 10 100 1000
TIME HR
CREBP DEFORMATION CURVES FOR SHBET AT 800
MD 1000F
FIG. 3,041
(18, p. 23)

CODE 3706
PAGE II
I I ;
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

40 160
Ti TiSA1-2,5Sn TISAI-2.5Sn
0.064 IN SHBET 0, 045 lN SHBBT
5 AI ANN MILL ANN
2.5 Sn
20
'"
" ' '
'
' ,_'
'' , ~"-,
....
L

"" ' "'

Ti-5AI-25Sn 10 .....
....
8
',
' .... ....
li!
:..: 6
'
....
'
' ........

s ' '
UOOF
4
............
' ", .... ,

2 ----"}
--O,S\1!, CRBBP
', ' 160

""''r.... '
--0.1\1!,
--0.059!, MBAN STRBSS - KSI
FIG. 3.052 STRBSS RA~B DIAGRAM AT 107
1
0.1 CYCLBS FOR SMOOTH AND
10 100 1000 NOTCHED SPBCIMBNS OF SHBBT
TIMB HR (25)
FIG. 3.042 CRBBP DEFORMATION CURVBS FOR SHBET AT UOOF
(18, p. 23) Ti A12,5Sn
T ANNSHBET
0 0.032 lN (19)
80 TiSAI2,5Su
0,0641N(8)
0.064 IN SHBET I!> 0, 025 TO 0,100(10)
ANN L
70~--r---4---+--~---~
16
1 HR 10HR 50HR li!
:..:
~ 14

B(STATIC)
12

-400 0 400 800 1200

TBMP P
FIG. 3. 0621 STATIC MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT
TOTAL STRAIN PBRCBNT LOW AND BLBVATBD TBMPBRATURBS
(8)(10)(19)
FIG. 3,043 ISOCHRONOUS STRBSS-STRAlN CURVBS AT SOOF
FOR ANNBALBD SHBBT (18, p. 17)
18~--~---~-~~---~
Ti5A12.5Sn
SHBBT
ANN

~ 14~--+---~~~~---~
li!
:..: 20
~
10 B
1000 HR

!cOOP 10L----~---~--~----J
AVG:.!H TS -400 0 400 800 1200
00 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 TBMP P
TOTAL STRAIN - PBRCBNT PIG, 3,0622 DYNAMIC M>DULUS OF BLASTI
FIG. 3.044 ISOCHRONOUS STRBSS-STRAIN CURVBS AT CITY AT LOW AND BLBVATBD
1000F FOR ANNBALBD SHBBT (18, p. 17) TBMPBRATURBS (5, p. 2)

CODE 3706 f' . .....

: \
.~..
PAGE 12 ~~~ ...
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

7 Mote, M. W., Hooper, R. B. and Prost, P. D., "The En

I
I 100 Tls'AI2.5S n I gllleerlng Propertlo:s of Commercia l Titanium Alloys", Ti
'- ./ 2 IN ANN PLATE (PTY a 130 KSI) TML Rep. No. 92 (JW>e 4, 19S8)
McGee, R. L. , Campbell, J, E. , Carlaon, R. L. and MaD 5 AI
80 I
PILLER WIRE
J I
02PI'M WELDFTV KSI
8
nlng, G. K. , "1be W.echanlcal Properties of Certain Alr
craft Structural Metals at Very Low Temperatu res", 2.5 Sn
le SAI2.5Sn 1700 125 WAOC TR 58386, (June 19S8)
1120 127 9 M)rrlaon, J.D. and Kattus, R.J., "TensUe Properties of
6AI4V
1480 77 Aircraft-St ructural Metals at Various Rates of Loading Ti-5AI-2.5Sn
60 .. A-SS
0 PAREI'IT PLATE After Rapid Heating", WADC TR SS-199, (Nov. 19S6)
"'...l I
SPECIMEN NEAR 10 Battelle Memorial Institute, "Compilatio n of Available In
t!. formation on Ti-SAI-2. S So Alloy", TML Memo., (July
u.
40 1--
1- r(((~(((8((.(((t{( PLATE SURFACE
IS, 19S7)
11 Holden, P. C. , Douglass, R. W. , Ogden, H. R. and Jaffee,
R.I., "An Investigatio n of the Effects of Impurities and
PLATE SURFACE
Metallurgic al Variables on the Notch Sensitivity of Tlbo-
nlum Alloys", WADC TR S8438, (Dec. 19S8)
20 12 AMC TR 587S39
~ ~
13 Convair (19S7)
~ ~ Specificatio n ES No. 0-71010 Rev.A, Convalr/Aa tro
::1 ~
IECHARPY V
14
nautlcs, (1961)
0
-so 40 0 40 80 1S Titanium Buyers Guide, TMCA, New York, N.Y., (1964)
16 Kleinberg, S., Tompkins, J, P., "Compatibi lity of Liquid
TEMP P Plourlne with Various Metals", Air Products Chemicals,
PIG. 4,032 BPPECT OP TEST TEMPERATURE ON IMPACT Inc., Progress Rep. 10, ASD Contract AP 33(616)6SJS,
STRENGTH OP PLATE MIG WELDED WITH (Oct. 1961)
VARIOUS FILLERS (26, Pig. 14) 17 Douglas Aircraft Co, , Aircraft Dlv., "Chloride Stress
Corrosion Susceptibili ty of Higb Strength Stainless Steel,
Titanium Alloy and Superalloy Sbeet", ML-TDR 6444,
1\F Contract 33(6S7)8543, (March 1964)
18 Hatchet, J. 0. and Horne, E. L., "Tensile and Creep Pro
pertles of AllO-AT Titanium Sheet Material at Elevated
Temperatu res", ASD TOR 62S24, (July 1962)
19 Christian, J. L., "Physical and Mechanical Properties of
Pressure Vessel Materials for Application In a Cryogenic
Environmen t", ASD TOR 62-2S8, (March 1962)
20 Shannon, J, L., Jr., NASA Lewis Research Center, Un
published data
21 Harf, P. H., "Production and Properties of A-110 AT Tl
tan1um Alloy Strut Support Castings", General Electric
Materials Information Data Compilation , Fourth Quar.
Rep. p. A 4.2, Air Force Contract AP 33(6S7)8017, (Peb.
1963)
22 "Fersonal Communica tion", TMCA, R. G. Broadwell with
W. P. Brown Jr., (1964)
23 TMCA Oats Sheet EPE, "Titanium for Liquid Hydrogen
Application s", (May 1962)
24 Shannon, J.L. and Brown, W.P .. Jr., "Effects of Several
Production and Fabrication Variables on Sharp Notch Pro-
perties of SAI-2. S So Titanium Alloy Sheet at Liquid Hy
drogen Temperatur e", Proc. ASTM, Vol 63, p. 809,
(1963)
2~ TMCA Technical Service Dept. , "Fatigue Characterls tlca
of the TiSA12. S So and Ti6Al4V Titanium Sbeet AI
Joys", New York, N, Y., (1963)
26 Lewis, W. J., Faulkner, G. E. and Martin, D. C., "Dev
elopment of Procedures for Welding 2 Inch Thick Tltaniurr
Alloy Plate", Batll!lle Memorial institute, Pinal Rep. on
Bu NWS Contract No, NOw60039 0c, (July 31, 1962)
27 Hatch, A.J. and Pleld, C. W., "Effect of Iron on Cryo
genic Properties of TiSAI2,S Sn ELl, TMCA Tech, Rep.
TMCA, Henderson, Nev. , (June 27, 1963)
28 Hatch, A. J. , "Effects of Processing Variables on Texture
HardeniDg of TiSA12. S So and n-6Al4V" , TMCA Tech.
Dept. Rep. , TMCA, Henderaon, Nev. , (Aug. 8, 1963)
29 Hatch, A. J., "Texture Hardening of Titanium Alloys: Ev-
aluation of Commercia lly Produced Sheet", TMCA Tech.
REFERENC ES Rep., TMCA, Heoderson, Nev., (March 5, 1963)
30 Jackson, J.D .. Boyd, W.K. and Miller, P.O., "Reactlv
I AMS 4910A, (June 30, 1964) lty of Metals with Uquld and Gaseous Oxygen", Battelle
2 AMS 4926, (March I, 1958) Memorial Institute, OMIC Memo.163, (Jan. lS, 1963)
3 AMS 4953, (March 1, 1958) 31 Hill, R., "A 1beory of Yielding and Plastic Plow of Ani
4 AMS 4966, (Jan. IS, 19S9) sotroplc Metals", Proc. of Royal Soc., Vol. 193, p. 281,
S RemCru Titanium, "RemCru A110A1"', Data Sheet Series A, (1948)
(June I, 19SS) 32 "l'eraonal Communication", TMCA, W. W. Minkler with
6 Schwartzbe rg, P.R., Holden, P. C., Ogden, H. R. and W. P. Brown Jr., (1964)
Jaffee, R.I., "The Properties of Titanium Alloys at Ele 33 Backofen, W. A., Hosford, W. S. and Burke, J.J., "Tex
vated Temperatu res", TML Rep. No. 82, (Sept. 10, 19S7) ture Hardening" , ASMTrana . Vol.SS, p.264, (Mar.1962)

CODE 3706
( PAGE 13
I NONFE~ROUS ALLOYS Ti
~ REVISED MARCH 1965

tl
~
[JJ
1.041 AMS specified composltlo os, Table 1. 041.
f 1. GENERAL
This alloy Ia the most widely uacd d. all the alpha-beta
titanium compositio ns. lt may be heat treated to a range

I ol. strqth levels and In Ita fully aged condition 18 suc-

cessfully used In hlghly stressed welded atructlll'ea .
However, In the maxbnum strength conditions careful
attention must be given to the fracture tc:JU&bnesa In Source
TABLE l 041

AMS (1)(2)(54\ AMS(5M

v
I

II design ol. highly stressed pans. HardenabUity Ia

lbnlted and sections over about one Inch may not develop
full proventes . The alloy has good atrenglh and high Aluminum
Min
s.so
--
Percent
UO
6.75
~

5.50
p,

6.75
.L Ti-6AI -4V

---
atablllty up to 750F. Very high strength Ia obtained at Carbon 0.10 0.05
I cryogenic temperatures, however, the fracture toughness Hydrogen 0.015 0.015
! below about 250F Ia extremely poor for the fully heat
treated conditions and In the annealed condition Inferior
Iron
Nitrogen
-- 0.30
0.05
0.30
--
0.03
i to that of 5AI-2. 5Sn. Low temperatu re application s Oxygen - 0.1s 0.18
should employ the extra low lnleratltial grades ELl.
i
Vanadium 3.50 4.50 3.50 4.50
Welding techniques for sheet have been highly developed Other elements
and procedure s for heavy plate are under development.
Forming requires special methods and elevated tem-
each
total
--0.10 ..
0,40 -0.40

1.01
peratures.

Commerci al Designation
.
Titanium
AMS 4928A and 4935
Only for AMS 4935
Balaoce
gives 0. 20 02, O.
Balance
0125 H2

6Al-4V Titanium Alloy

1.02 Alternate Designations 1.042 Producers specified composition for extra low
C 120AV, HA 6510, RS 120A, TI-6AI-4V, Ti-6A!-4V ELL Interstitia l grade ELl, Table 1. 042.

1.03 Specifications TABLE 1 042

Table 1.03. -meA (52J
Source
ELl Grade Percent
Min Max
Aluminum 5.5 6.5
TABLE I 03
Carbon . 0,08
AMS
49UA
Form
Sheet, strip and plate
Mlllts..V 0
MIL-T-8884 (A&i)
Hydrogen
Iron
-- (a)
0.25
MILT-14558 ord.
annealed, 120 ksl yield Nitrogen - 0.05
MIL-T-9046C
Oxygen - 0;!3
4.5
4928A Bars, forgings and rorglnj! JMIL-T-14557 Vanadium 3.5
stock annealed, MILT904 7C (a) 0.015\t, max for sheet
120 kal yield 0.0125% max for bar
Rxtruslons, consumable 0.100% max for bUlet
4935
j;!ectrode, multiple
vacuum melt, annealed
4954A Welding wire 1.05 Heat Treatment
~ MILT-12117 and WA-P0-76C (l) apply to all forms 1.051 A Meal
1.6su General. 1275 to 1400F, 30 m!Duteo to 2 hours, air cool
or furnace cool, depemlng on product.
1.0512 Sheet. AMS 4911A gives 1300 to 13SOF, 1 hour, cool
50F per hour maximum to below SOOF plus air cool.
1. 04 Composition Bar and forging. AMS 492811 gives 1275F to 132SF,
1.0513
Table 1.04. 2 hours, air cool.
1.0514 Extrusions . AMS 4935 gives 1275F to 1325F, 2 hours,
cool 300F per lour maximum to 975tol025 F, air
cool.
1.052 Vacuum anneal for hydrogen removal. !300 to 1500F,
TABLE 1 04 30 minutes to 2 hours, furnace cool to UOOF maximum.
AMS 1\12 1.053 Stress relief. 100 percent. HOOF, 50 hours or 1200F,
I Source
5 hours, 50 percent, lOOOF, 5 hours or HOOF, 30
Min
Percent
....
6.75
1.054
mlnutes.
Solution treat.
Aluminum 5.50 Sheet by furnace drop quench or roller leveler quench

---
1.0541
Carbon 0.10 methods. 1675 to 1725F, 20 to 30 minutes, water
Hydrogen (bar) 0.0125 quench wllhln 2 seconds for maximum aging response.
Hydrogen (sheet) 0.015 Sheet by reslatance heating method. 1665 to 1735F,
1.0542
Iron - 0.30 depending on thlckneaa, 2 1/2 to 5 minutes, water
Nitrogen -- 0.05
0.20
quench.
Oxygen 1.0543 Bar, forgings and extrusion. AMS 4928A and AMS 4935
Vanadium 3.50 4.50 give 1675 to 1725F, I hour, water quench.
Other elements l!ffect or solution treat tempentur e on tensile propenlel

Tltsnlum
total - Balance
0.40
1.0544
of sheet and bar, Fig. 1.0544.
1.055 Age
Need not be reponed 1.0551 Sheet. 900 to 1000F, 4 to 10 houra.
1.0552 Bar, forging and extrusion. AMS 4928A and AMS 4935
give 975 to 1025F, 3 hours, air cool.
1.0553 For Increased fracture toughneaa but lower tenalle

CODF. 3707
PAGE
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

strength. USOF, 4 hours, air cool, (see Fig. 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
3.02713).

GJJ
1.06 Hardness 2.01 Thermal Properties
1.061 ~ag!Jlg temperature on hardness of solution 2.011 Melting range. 2800 to 3000F;
treated sheet, Fig. 1. 061. 2.012 Phase changes. Alloy transforms on cooling from beta to
1.062 l!ffect of quench delay on tensUe properties of aged bar, alpha+ beta at 1750 to 1800F for sheet, 1775 to 1850F
Fig. 1.062. for bar.
1.063 l!tfect of as-quenched section siZe on tensUe properties 2.0121 Tlmetemperature-translormatlon diagrams
Ti-6AI-4V of aged bar, Fig. 1.063. 2.013
2.014
Thermal conductivity, Fig. 2. 013.
Thermal expansion
2.0141 Thermal expansion for annealed alloy, FIJr. 2.0141.
1.07 Forms and Conditions AvaUable 2.0142 Thermal expansion for aged sheet, Fig. Z: 0142.
1.071 Alloy Is avallable In the annealed Condition In the full 2.015 Specific heat, Fig. 2. 015.
commercial range of siZes for sheet, plate, bar, forgings, 2.016 Thermal dlffuslvlty
wire extrusions and cast!Jlgs. 2.02 Other Fhyslcal Properties
1.072 Products which are avaUable on a commercial basis In 2.021 Density. 0.160 lb per cu ln. 4.47 gr per cu em.
the solution treated or aged condition are sheet. bar, 2.022 Electrical resistiVIty, Fig. 2. 02~.
forgings, strip, fall and extrusions In the aged condition, 2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic, Permeability
(50). at 20 oersteds, 1. 00005.
1.073 Solution treated extrUSions are avallsble ~n an exper 2.024 EmlsslvltJ
!mental basis, (~). 2.0241 Total and spectral normal emittance for oxidized and
pollohl>! ourfaces, Fig. 2, 0241.
1.08 Melting and Casting Prar.tlce 2.025 Damping capacity
Consumable electrode double vacuum melt. 2.03 Chemical Properties
2.031 General. See Tl, Commercially Pure, (46)(47)(48).
1.09 Special Considerations
2.0:.2 Curroslon by liquids. See Tl, Commercially Pure.
1.091 Directionality. Strip product exhibits directionality 2.U3~1 Molten metals. Reacts with Ph, AI, Cd and So.
In Its tensile properties with the hfehest elongation aod 2.033 Corrosion by gases.
reductlo:J In area, and the lowest tensUe and yield
2.0331 Atrnospheric. Highly resistant.
strength occurring at 45 to the "oiling dlrr<etlon.
:1:.0~4 Corrosion by solids.
Generally, the tran ...erse dlrec:lon wUI haY" the highest 2 . 0341 Salle! salts. This alloy s well u .>the>: tlranium alloys
strengths but somewhat lower du!tlllty thaa the long-
Is ubJoct to stressccrroslon In the presence or solid
Itudinal dlr~tlon. This directionality is present In the
sa!t$ at el~ated temperature. lnsufflcient data Is
hot rolled product but Is Increased by cold rolling (see
Fig. 1. 0911). By selecting the final rolling conditions available from laboratory tests to define the stress and
teonperature llnolts for stress-corrosion for times above
properly some degree of texture harden!Jlg (see
about 100 hours. Exposure to solid aynthetlc sea salt In
SA12.5Sn: 1.09) can be produced (see Fig. 1.0912),
heavy coatings will produce stress-corrosion of annealed
however, the R values (see Fig. 1.0913) are lower thon can
sheet at 600F ln 100 h.lurs U the stress Is above about
be obtained with SAI2. SSn.
1.0911 Directionality oi tensUe properties for strip product In SO ksl, (see Fig. 2. 0341). At tower temperatures
annealed Condition, Fig. 1. 0911. considerably higher Stress would apparently be necessary.
It should be noted that this and other titanium alloys have
1.0912 Effect or rolling temperature and annealing treatment on
been used In the compressors or aircraft gas turbines
the theoretical yield strength In a 2:1 biaxial stress
field, Fig. 1.0912. known to be oubjected to salt atmospheres for several
1.0913 Directionality of strength and strain for tensile testa
yens without encountering stress-corroslon,even though
on three heats or annealed sheet, Fig. 1. 0913. the same temperature and stress conditions would result
1.092 t.n stress-corrosion of laboratory specimens. Untll the
Interstitial embrlnlement. The crack propagation
resistance decreases with an increase in rhe content of mechanism of titanium salt corrosion Is clearly established
C, 02, N2 and H2. It Is Important to keep these element It will nor. be possible to qusntativety assess stre-
low In welds to avoid porosity, (51). U the alloy Is to If' corroslon susceptabUlty of titanium alloys by laboratory
tests.
used at cryogenic temperatures the extra low Interstitial
Effect of stress and temperature on 100 hour stress
grade ELI should be employed. This grade will have
slightly reduced tensile strength but superior toughness, corrosion of annealed and aged sheet, Fig. 2.0341.
see Figs, 1.092i and 1.0922. 2.035 Oxidation. See Tl, Commercially Pure.
1. 0921 Effect of oxygen content on low temperature tenslle
properties of annealed sheet, Fig. 1. 0921. 2.04 Nuclear Properties
1.0922 Effect of oxygen content on low temperature mild notch
properties of annealed sheet, Fig. 1. 0922. 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
1.093 Reactivity. Severe explosion hazard If Impacted In the
presence of LOX and certain other oxidizers, (see 3.01 SpecUled Mechanical Properties
SA12. SSn). 3.011 AMS specified mechanical properties, Table 3. Cl1.
1.094 Stress-corrosion. Susceptable to solid salt stress

1.094 .
corrosion at elevated temperature& wder certain
Conditions (see 2 .034) TABLE3 OU
LSource !1! I
TI-6AI4V
!2!!54} 0
- -
IAllov
IFnrm Sheet strip and plate Bars fordDilS and extrusions
Condition Ann Ann Aed
Diameter or thickness In 0. 008 to 0. 01 .016 to 0,025 ;;, 0.025 All < 1.0 >I 0 thru 2.0 >2 Orhru 3
Ftu mln-ksl 130 130 130 !30 160 ISO 140
Ft~ -mln-ksl 120 120 120 120 ISO 140 130
e( In)
e(4D)
min-percent
-min-percent
6
-
8
-
10
. -
10
.
10 8
-8
RA,
Hardness
... mlnpercent - - 25 30 20 20
RC, mr.x 36 36 36 39 43 42 40
BHN, max - . 352 -
For AMS 4928A and 4935: 0.2521nchdla specimen wlrh 60V notch removing SO% or cross section area havfn$1 O.OOSinch tip radius
shall have 5 hours minimum rupture life at room temperature when loaded to 170 ksl.

CODE 3707
PAGE 2
 REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

(
3.012 Producers guaranteed mechanlcsl properties for
annealed material, Table 3. 012.

TABLE3 012
3.0216

3. 0217
Effect of exposure to elevated temperatures with and
without load on tensile properties of annealed sheet,
Fig. 3. 0216.
Effect of exposure to elevated temperatures

with lc.ad
[JJ
on 6
TI
A

I

Source 152\153\ tensile properties of annealed bsr, Fig. 3.0217.

Allay Ti6A 4V 3.0218 Effect of short time exposure to elevat.-1 temperatures on 4 V
Fonn Sheet plate and bar tensile properties of aged sheet, Fig. 3. 0218. .. ..
Condition Ann 3.0219 Effect of strain rate on tensne properties of annealed Tt' -SAJ- V
Grade Normal EL a and aged bsr, Fig. 3. 0219. 4
Ftu mlnksl 130 130 3.022 Compression (see Fig. 3, 0214 and 3. 032).
F~, mlnksl 120 120 3.0221 Stress-strain diagrams (see 3. 0321).
e( In) min-percent 10 {b) 10 (c) 3.023 Impact (see 3.033)
RA, min-percent 20 - 3.024
3.025
Bending
Torsion and shear
Impact charpy V min, 3.0251
ftlb RT 12 Effect of thickness on shear strength of an'nealed sheet,
Fig. 3. 0251.
80F {d) 10 15 3.026 Bearing
3.027 Stress concentration
3.0271 Notch properties
{a) Specl!lcatlons apply to plate < 1 Inch thick and bsr
< 21nch dla.
3. 02711 Effect of stress concentration on notch strength of aged
sheet, Fig. 3. 02711.
{b) Applies to section >0. 025 Inch thick.
3,02712 Effect of notch geometry on notch strength ratio of aged
{c) 0. 012 through 0. 020, 8 percent; plate 10 percent.
sheet and plate at room temperature, Fig. 3, 02712
{d) Applies to plate ~ 1 1/2 Inch
3.02713 Effect of aging temP.,rature on the sharp notch strength
of sheet, Fig. 3. 02713.
3.013 Producers guaranteed tensile properties !or bsr and 3.0272 Fracture toughness (see also 3. 0372).
forgings solution treated and aged In full section size, 3.02721 Sharp notch strength and plane strain fracture toughness
Table 3. 013. of surface cracked specimens cut from solution treated
forgings and aged at various temperatures, Fig. 3, 02721.
TABLE 3 013 3.02722 Effect of surface crack length on sharp notch properties of
Source solution treated and aged specimens cut from forgings,
9 " 1 Fig. 3. 02722.
Alloy TI6AI4V
Form Bar and fortrinlrs 3.028 Combined properties
1650 to 1750F, 15 to 30 min, WQ
Condition 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
+ 900 to lOOOF, 4 to 8 hr 3.031 Tension
Thickness, as 3.0311 Stress-strain diagrams
Sl 1 to 2 2 to 3 3 to 5
I rt!Celvt>d
In 3.03111 Stress-strain curves at various temperatures for
Thickness, as > 1 > 1 >2 > 1 >2 annealed ahret, Fig. 3.03111.
heat treated - In < 1 .:: 1 to 2 Sl to 2 to3 <1 to 2 to 5 3.03112 Stress""'8traln curves at room and elevated temperatures
-mlnksl 160 155 150 55 145 140 !50 140 130 for annealed bsr, Fig. 3, 03112.
Ftu
-mlnksl 150 145 140 45 135 130 140 130 120 3.03113 Longitudinal tension stressstraln curves at elevated
Ff.ll, temperatures for aged sheet, Fig. 3. 03113.
e( D) -min-percent L 10 10 8 8 8 8 6 6 6
T 8 8 6 6 6 6 4 4 4 3.03114 Transverse tension stress-strain curves at elevated
RA, -min-percent L 25 25 20 .20 20 20 15 15 15 temperature for aged sheet, Fig. 3, 03114.
T 20 20 15 15 15 15 10 10 10 3.03115 Stress-strain curves at low temperatures for aged
sheet, Fig. 3. 03115.
3.0312 Spread of tensile test data at room and elevated
3.014 Producers specl!l<'<i mechanical properties for heat temperatures for annealed sheet and bar, Fig. 3. 0312.
treated bsr and forgings, Table 3. 014.

TABLE 3.014
ISource 50
lloy TI6AI4V
Form Bar and forgings
ondltlon HT In full section size 1750F 2 hr W + lOOOF 4 hr AC
Width In up to 4 >4toR J
!!!!_to !L2 l>t/2 to 1 J>l to 1 Ui:-1 !fl to :d> 2 to 3 upto!J2f>t/~tol}>ltol !ill_>ll/2to22 >2to3
Thickness - In_('!)_
FtU'
Fty,
-rnlnksl
minksl
160
150
155
145
I 150
140 I
145
135 I
135
125 I
160
150
ISO
140
145
I
135
140
I
130
135
125
I I
(a) Thickness > 3 lnch,annealed properties apply (Ftu s 130 ksl, F ty = 120 ksl)
3.0313 Effect of low teat temperature on tensile properties of
annealed sheet, Fig. 3. 0313.
3.0314 Effect of low rest temperature on tensile properties o!
3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature annealed sheet and bar, Fig. 3. 0314.
See also 3. 03. 3.0315 Tensile data for aged sheet.
3,021 Tension 3.03151 Spread of tensile data at roc:m and elevated t"mp..ratures
3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams. See 3. 0311. for eight bests of aged ahee-., Fig. S.03i:.t.
3.0212 Effect of annealing temperature on the tensile properties 3.03152 Effect o! test temperature ~:xl testing dlrectlon on tensile
of ELl plate, Fig. 3. 0212. properties of aged sheet, l'ig. 3,113152.
3.0213 Effect o! aging temperature on the tensile properties 3.03153 Effect of low and elev <t<d temperatures on the tensile
of sheet and forgings, Fig. 3, 0213 properties of aged shv..t, F~. 3.03153'
3.0214 Effect of Rtretchlng after solutlor. treating on tensile 3.03154 Effect of exposure ani! test temperature\ on tensile
properties of aged sheet, Fig. 3,0214. properties of aged sheet, Fig. 3.03154.
3,0215 Effect or stretching on compr<&slve and tensile ) leld 3.03155 Effect of elevatod temperature expos11r~ '"' room and
strengths of annealed and aged she<!t (Bauschinger elevated t=pernu:'re tensile properties o! aged sheet,
effect), Fig. 3, 0215. Fig. 3.031S5.

CODE 37(17
PAGE 3
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOY S RE~{!SED MARCH 1965

. 3,03156 .Bffect ol. teat temperatur e on tensile properties o1. aged

bar, Fig. 3.03156. 3. 03719 Btrect ot teat temperatur e 011 the sharp notch properties
3.03157 Bffect ol. teat temperatur e on tensile properties o1. ot solution treated "nd aged specimens ol. various
I IIO!ution treated atxl aged specimens cut from forging, thlcknessen cut from forging, Fig. 3. 037!9.
Fig. 3,03157. 3. 0372 Fracture toughneds
3.032 Compressio n 3. 03721 Effect of test temperatur e and specimen thickness on the
3.0321 Stress-atta in diagrams !rncture toughness of solution treated and aged specimen
3.03211 Stress-stra in curves In compressio n at room and cut from forging, Table 3. 03721.
Ti-6AI- 4V elevated temperatur es for annealed sheet, Pig. 3. 03211. TABLE 3 03721
3.03212 Longitudinal compressio n stress-atta in curves at elevated I Source
temperatur e for aged sheet,. Pig. 3. 03212. ~
Allov TI-6At4V
3.03213 Transverse compression stress .. strain curves at P rm 3 x 9 In foriinst
elevated temperatur e for aged sloeet, Pig. 3, 03213. ~mvlltlnn
3.03214 Stress Strain curves In compressio n at room and
16s.DE. lhr. _WO. + liOOE " hr. A
l'hlclrn"ss In 3116 3/8 .0
elevated temperatur es for annealed bar, Fig. 3, 03214. ldth In 3 3
3.0322 9
Compressiv e yield strength T"mn P 110 RT 110 RT 1101 RT
3.03221 Spread of compressiv e yield strength at room and L T L T L
elevated temperatur es for eight heats of aged sheet, Fry, - ksl
Pig. 3,03221. Kcl ksl.:'fiil'
1761174 147f52
111 75 150 110 117 1:47
17~ 156 17~1147
76 96
3,03222 Directional ity ol. ccmpreaslv e yield strength at room Applied to specimens
temperature and 800F for annealed and for aged sheet,
Table 3. 03222.
Center fatigue crack specimen
heat treat before cracklng alow
TABLE 3 03222 1
crack extension by motion pictures
Source 32)
Allov 3. 03722 Plane attain fracture toughness of annealed plate at low
T16AI-4V
IFnrm Uo\r.l lin Bheet temperatur es, Pig. 3.03722.
1700F, 20 min, WQ + IOOOF, 3. 03723 Effect of teat temperatur e on sharp notch Strength ratio
ondltlon
Ann, 1550F, 5 hr, PC 4hr AC and plane strain f:::acture toughness of solution treated
ITemn-F RT and aged round bars cut from forging, Fig. 3. 03723.
I 800 RT I 800
L 45 T L 45 T L 45 1 I 4;
l'cv kal t42lt36ll8 4 I 63 163. 1113 16s h68 1221 1106 I sa 1133
- 3, 03724 Low temperatur e sharp notch strength and plane strain
fracture toughness of MMealed plate and solution
treated and aged specimens cut from extrusion, Tab! e
3.03724.
3.03223 Btfect o1. exposure and test temperatur e on compressiv e TABLE 3 03724
yield Strength o1. annealed and aged sheet and bar, Source (30\(31!
Pig. 3,03223. Allov T16A14V
3.033 Impact (see also Pig. 4. 034). Extrusion
S.0331 Effect of test temperatur e on Impact strength ol annealed Form OD441n
and aged plate and bar, Fig. 3, 0331. 1/2 In plate ( ) 10 a 4.341n
3.034 Bending
3.035 Torsion and shear Condition" !300F, 1 hr, 1500F, 10 min, WQ +
3.0351 PC !OOOP 7 hr AC
Spread of shear strength at room and elevated tem-
perature for eight heats ol. aged sheet, Fig. 3. 0351.
320F property
- Circumfere ntial
3.0352 Effect ol. teat temperatur e on shear Strength ol. annealed
Pryo kat 212 213
and aged sheet and bar, Fig. 3. 0352.
3,036 NOtch strength-ka t !52 86
Bearing
Ktc. -kat-~ 69 41
3.0361 Spread of bearing strength at room and elevated tem-
perature for eight heats ol. aged sheet, Fig. 3. 0361. Specimen blanks cut and then heat treated
3.0362 Btfect ol. teat temperatur e on bearing properties ol.
annealed sheet and bar, Fig. 3. 0362.
3.0363 Btfect ol. exposure and test temperatur e on bearing
properties ol. aged sheet, Pig. 3. 0363,
3.037 Stress concentrati on
3.0371 Notch properties
3.03711 Notch strength ratio as a function of stres~concentratlon
factor for &Mealed sheet tested at room temperatur e
and 320F, Fig. 3.03711. 3, 03725 Sharp notch strength ratio and plane strain fracture
3.03712 Notch strength ratio as a function ol. stress-conc entration toughness of solution treated and aged specimens cut from
factor for aged sheet tested at room temperatur e and forging, Table 3. 03725.
-320P, Fig. 3. 03712.
3,03713 Btfect o1. teat temperatur e and stress-conc entration TABLE 3 03725
factor on notch strength of aged sheet, Fig. 3. 03713. !Source 26
3,03714 Btfect ol. low teat temperatur es on the mild and sharp Allnv Tl6A14V
notch properties ot annealed ELI sheet, Fig. 3. 03714. laft.w 3 x 9 In for
3,03715 Effect o1. crack length on sharp notch properties ot Condition !650P,thr, WQ+ !lOOP, 4 hr AC(b}
annealed aheet teated at several temperatur es, Fig. lb<DOSUr" c 25ksl 650F OOOhr None
1
3.03715. Temp P -I!(: RT 400 650 11 RT 400 650
3,03716 Effect ot teat temperatur e on aharp notch properties ol. Fty' ksl 178 !53 111 94 175 152 112 98
aeveral heata ot m111 aMealed aheet, Fig. 3. 03716. ShArp notch -yield
3.03717 Effect ot teat temperatur e on aharp notch strength ot atrengtht~tlo p.3 ~-48 1.2 1.37 10-4~ o.~ 1.47 !.63
aMealed sheo!! before and after elevated temPeratur e Kic, kat-'ViPr.J 25 32 35 37
exposure, Fig. 3.03717. (a) For specimen details see Fig. 3.03723 (D ~ 1 1/8 Inch, Dlr. 1}
3.03718 Effect ot teat temperatur e on sharp notch Strength ot {b) Applies to pectmena
.aged sheet before and after elevated temperatur e (c) Exposed before specimen preparation
exposure, Pig. 3. 03718.

CODE 3707
PAGE 4
1 REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti
I
3,038 Combined properties 3.054 Stress range diagram at 107 cycles for smooth and
aotched specimeas or mill annealed sheet, Fig. 3, 054,
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properttea 3.055 Stress raage diagram at 107 cycles for smooth and
3,041 Average creep and rupture curves at several tempera- DOIChed specimeas of aged !beet, Pig. 3, 055,
tures for aged sheet from tbree heats, Pig. 3.041.
3.042 Creep and creep ruptures curves at 7SO and SSOP for 3.06 Elastic Propenles
annealed bar, Pig. 3. 042. 3.061 Effect of teat temperature on Poisson's ratio, Pig,
3,043 Creep and creep rupture curves at 6SO to SSOP for aged 3.06L
bar, Pig. 3,043, 3.062 Modulus or elaatlclty Ti-6AI-4V
3,0621 Spread of elaatlc modulus at room aod elevated tem
3.05 Fatigue Properties perature& for eight heats or aged sheet, Fig. 3,0621.
3,051 Axial fatigue properties far aged sheet at room and 3.0622 Modulus _or elaatlclty at low and elevated temperature
elevated temperatures, Table 3. 051. tor annealed sheet, Pig. 3. 0622.
TABLE3 051
Source 41
'Ailov Ti-6Al-4V
Form 0. 063 and 0,125 In sheet L
Condition 1700P 3 to 20 min W +900 to 9SOF 4 hr
Method uu-ect stress "r ~ 1
Stress ratio A~ca R1 A1 RO A 0,3 R 0,5
Cycles 1().> 104 105 )(){> 0 103 104 105 )(){> 10 1 lo-> 10 0" 100 I~
Fatigue strength, ksl at temp
RT 152 120 70 55 54 1110 150 100 85 78 180 178 135 107 lOS
400F 115 90 58 40 35 ISS 40 77 65 60 150 148 120 100 100
600P
SOOF
105
100
82
80
so
45
37
33
35
28
-
12S
120
.no
76
73
62
60
60
55
140
135
138
132
us
93
100
83
9S
78
900P 93 65 40 32 25 120 97 70 60 so 112 110 85 65 55

3,052 Axial fatigue properties at Kt 2. 82 for 0. 063 Inch 3.0623 Dynamic modulus or elaatlclty for annealed bar at
aged sheet at room and elevated temperatures, Table elevated temperatures, Pig. 3. 0623.
3.052.
TABLE3,052
Source 41
Alloy Ti-6A14V
Form 0, 063 In sheet
Condition 1700F 3 min to 20 min W + 900 to 9SOF 4 hr AC
M~rhm Direct atress Kt 2 82"
Stress ratio ACD R 1 Al RO A0,3 R 0.5
~vIPA o~ 104 to:> 100 10 !().> 10 io:> tOO 10 100 101 HI" 100 101
Fatigue strength, ksl at temp
RT 100 60 40 25 22 150 95 so 40 40 180 140 80 60 57
400F 120 60 35 24 21 123 85 47 38 37 160 130 70 60 60
600F 85 55 30 20 19 120 80 40 37 37 145 120 70 60 58
SOOF 80 so 25 18 17 120 70 40 37 37 130 115 60 so 40
900F 70 45 24 18 17 118 70 40 35 35 115 95 60 so 40

3.0624 Spread of elastic compressive modulus at room and

~Ia hole elevated temperature fo;;r eight heats of aged ~beet,
Fig. 3. 0624.
3.063 Modulus or rldlr,lty
~Sheet fatigue specimen 3.064 Taagent modulus
3.0641 Taagent modulus curves In compreaalon at room and
elevated temperatures for annealed sheet, Fig. 3.0641,
3, 053 Axial fatigue properties at Kt 2. 82 for 0. 125 Inch 3.0642 Loagltudlnal tensUe tangent modulus curves at elevated
aged sheet at room and elevated temperatures, Table temperatures for aged sheet, Pig. 3. 0642.
3.053. 3,0643 Traaaverse tensUe taagent modulus curves at elevated
temperatures for aged sheet, Fig. 3. 0643.
TABLE 3.053
Source r4ll
llov Ti-6AI4V
orm 0.1251n sh..ec
ondltlon 700P 3 min to 20 min. WG + 900 to 9SOF. 4 hr. AC
Method
Stress ratln
Cvcles II~
A
104
..
!05
R1
to6 t07 1()3
Direct atress K :.. u
Al
to4
R I
tiP 1()6 tn7
A 0 3
103 104 10:0
R
)(){>
5
10
atljjue streagth, kal at temp
RT 100 60 40 35 34 140 100 60 411 40 170 135 80 60 so
400F 88 60 40 30 25 120 80 45 38 38 145 120 70 58 so
6001' 90 60 35 22 20 120 78 45 35 30 130 115 70 55 so
SOOF 75 55 30 20 18 115 70 42 32 27 123 110 70 55 so
900P 62 40 27 20 18 lOS 65 40 30 26 110 100 70 55 so
For specimen See Table 3. 052.

CODE 3707
PAGE 5
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

Loogltudlnal compressloa taDgeDt modulus curves at

elevated temperatures for aged &beet, Fig. 3. 0644.
Transverse compressioa taDgeDt modulus curves at
elevated temperatures lor aged sheet, Fig. 3. 0645.
Secammodulus
Lcmgitudlnal compression secant m('dulus curves at
elevated temperatures for aged sheet, Fig. 3. 0651.
Transverse compressloa secaDt modulus curves at
elevated temperatures lor ag<ll sheet, Fig. 3. 0652.

4. FABRICATION

4. 01 Formability
4.011 Geueral. Annealed Ti6AI4V Is ooe d. the mOB! difficult
to form amoug aDIIIOllled titanium alloys. Heating to
1200F can be used for severe formiDg operatloas.
4. 012 lllrts to be aged ate prderably formed In the sdutloo
treated Conditloc, el.d~er cold or bot. depeullng upoa
the &eYerlty of the O!~tloa, aod linlah formed by ooe
d. &eYeral method. developed lor htat treated titanium
alloys am opt.'CUicslly for this alloy. One d. the mOB!
promising r.>ethods is finish forming combined with aging

Jl
In dies heated to 950 to 1000F and held at temperature
lor 6 ro 10 hours. In the aged Condltloa this alloy caa be SHEET I -TI-6AI-4V
bent Itt room =perature to moderate radii and subjc<::ted
'170.032}sr sr, 1/2 TO 1 HR, WQ+AGB
to sntnewhaf \';Jore BeYere operadoos at temperatures .0.0,062 (8)
4. 013
4.0131
belaw the agti:g temperature.
Beading
TMCA ape~lfled bend factors fm: sheet at room tern
90 032

40.062 J
Sf+900F 8 HR -
0.063 ST+ 1000F, 4 HR (19)
perature ~ 0. 070 In R/t = 4. 5 and > 0. 070 In, R/t = 5. 0.
4. 0132 l!Cfect of te"' l:empeJature on bend factor for annealed
sheet, Pig. 4. 0132. 200
f-1/21N BAR
ForgiDg. S!artiDg te~.nperature, 1850F maximum,
4.014
finishing tert~peratUle, 1450F mlnlmmn. To obtain
optimum propcrt.!et. reductioas equlv~letlt to 25 to 40
perceut should "" rertormed In the alpha +beta range 180
~ ~+900F, 6 H~ (20)
__.!-: ~
---.
~
/ ~
iu tlle llnalforgln:,t operation. Subsequent reheating, such
...---"' l-o
..........., l>-
as required lor slziDg operatioas, should not exceed,
generally, a temperature d. about 200F below the beta to
alpha + beta translormatioa temperature. 160

~
~
4.02 MachlniDg and Grinding ~
~c.-
See Tl Commercially Pure. 0" _...,..-:
~ v
4.03
4.031
Welding
GC!IIeral. Extreme cleanliness Is nece888rY In order to
___...... ~ FTU
120
avoid poroalty and weld cracking. However, proper pro- 180
cedures are now well developed and the alloy may be weld-
~

4.032
ed successfully.
Fusion welding Is accomplished by usiDg complete Inert _....J ~ --:4
gas shielding. Both tungBtea arc and consumable electrode 160
.-- ~

4.033
processes have given goad results. TI-6AI4V, TI-3AI
alloy or Commercially l'llre Titanium filler rod Is used.
Resistance welding requires techniques similar to those
used lor austenitic Rtaln1ess steels. 140 ~ f;::j ~ TY ~

I
4.034 l!Cfect ol test temperature oa the Impact properties of
plate welded with various fillers, Fig. 4. 034.

120
4.04

4.041
Heat Treatment
See Ti, Commercially l'ure. Only complementary or
different Information Is listed below.
Solution treatmem ol sheet or other thin section requires 100
o-- ~
f- -
I(

~
v
supporting and reBtralalng fixtures to prevent sagging
- e

-
during heating and severe distortion on quenching In n
water or oU. To lnaurc maximum response to aging, 20
quenching delay must be mlnlmlzed. ~ ......, ~
~
-....
4.042 To maintain formed tolerances during agiDg,psrts should u
be supported or Jigged. Ci
... 0
4.05 Surface Treating 1500 1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 !BOO
See Tl, Commercially l'llre. SOl.lTilON TREAT TEMP- F
FIG. 1.0544 EFFECT OF SOl.lTilON TREAT TBMPBRATURB ON
TBNSll.B PROPBRTIJ!S OF SHBBT /.NO BAR
(11. p. G14,15)(19)(20)

CODE 3707 . ...

;~~~~
PAGE 6
 Ti
REVISED Mt.RCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

170

[JJ
I TI6At-4V
so r---- I tt-6AI-4V 3/i TO 5 IN BAR
1670F, 4 MIN. WQ+ AGI! 8HR
'\. I

---r--- !'-..
160
L
0
T
I v

'
16SOF}
L> A 1700F 1 HR, WQ
160
0 17501' + 90 F 6 HR
150 Ti-6AI-41 v'

~~
L> "w

lil ISO
e.. ~ I
I"!~
"'
1\
20
800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
CENTER SPECIMENS
AGI! TI!MP - F
FIG. 1.061 EFFECT OF AGINJ TI!MPI!RA11JRE ONHARDNI!SS
OF SOLlJTION TREATED SHEET (49) .
'""'~ !}..._
'---
~:
f,
130 0

OF
TV
r--~
120
60

t~
~~ .lORA
.... -...--. 1"--..
..... ,-

0
0
~ l'ro

2
-
.......

3
1.-n'l.
e ~ jl'

5
AS QUI!!ICHED SECTION SIZE - IN
FIG, 1.063 I!FFI!CT OF AS QUENCHED SECTION SIZE ON
TENSILE PROPI!RTII!S OF AGED BAR
(13, p. 21-26)
180
lbO r:T:::-I-:6'" "A.,-I-""4V ,.,...--.-----r -----,
ANN
15501', 2 TO 5 HR, I'C

140 ~

120
100----

100
60
lil [
"'
40

FTY
120
20 ~ 20
!ZIll Ill
u
a: .!'
0
a:
e(l IN)
...
Ill
e(2 IN)
...
Ill
0
0 20 40 60 AC 0
L 30" 60" T
QUENCH DI!LAY - SI!C SPECIMEN OR1EI'll'ATION
FIG. 1,062 EFFECT OF QUI!NCH DELAY ON TI!NSILI! DIRECTIONALITY OF TENSILE PROI'\iRTIHS
(21) FIG. 1.0'11 I
PROPERTIES OF AGED BAR POR STIIIP PROOtx:T 1;: ;, NNl'.A LID
CONDITION (32, Tables 31, 30, 35;

CODE

PAGE
\ Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965
\
!
TI6A1 4
200 0.080 IN SHEET FTY- 138 KSI 16AI- 4V
OLL,. ,IQ% PBR PASS TO 0, 040 IN SHEET
5~-60% RI!Otx :TION +ANN
ANN
~~----~--~~~.~p~~---1300
900
15PQ
~~.;----17_00-r-----i~

;n
:.:
180
~
"'
600 800 1000 1200 140
1400
ROLL TI!MP F
FIG. 1.0912 EFFI!C T OF ROLLIN:; TI!MPERATU
RB
AND ANNBALIN:l TREA TMEN T ON TIJB 100
TIJBO RS'IlC AL YIBLO STRBN :lTIJ IN
2:1
BIAXIAL STRBSS FIBLO (45, p. 11)

20

~
<II
1.)
a:
<II
a.
e(l !N)

-200 0 200
TEMP F
FIG. 1.0921 BFFI! CTOF OXYCiE...,CONTBNT
ON LOW "{BMI'IlliA1'URB TENSI LE
PROP ERTI$ OF ANNBALI!O
SHEET (29, Table 3)

~1
140~

TEST OIRI!CTION IN RF.LATION

~0.0025 IN,~
100 L...-~400~---::-20
6.3
0:"::----'0~--=200
TO ROLLIN:l OIRI!CTION
FIG. 1.0913 DIRBCTIONALITY OF i'I!MP F
STRENGTIJ AND
STRAIN FOR TBNSILB TBSTS ON TiiRB FIG. 1.0922 EFFEC T OF OXYGEN CONT ENT ON
B
HEATS OF ANNBALBD SHBB T LOW TEMPERATURE MILD NOTCH
(33, Table 5) PROPER'J71!S OF ANNEALI!O SHEET
(29)

CODE 370 7
PAGE 8
 REVISED= MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS: TV

12
'-.__ . Ti6AI4V Ti6AI-4V

' I 0.20
,/ ,
/
/

10
/
nlERMAL
/ / /~

v,
CONDUCTIVITY / 0.16
~

8 / /
...--" Ti~6AI-4V
u:- /
,' ii: 0.12 ~
~
(
1--
"'0' 6 a:
"' _,/ ...Ill
:s"' ,/ ~ 0.08
--
I
(5)
"'Ill
D. 4
If// "' - - 0.125 IN SHEET
1700F, 20 MIN, WQ

I
1-- - - - 8ARANN(7)
+ 900F, 4 HR (40)
"'::::. - - 0.125 IN SHEET 0.04
1-- 1700F, 20MIN, W~m I
"' 2 +900F 4 !IR AC 40
SPECIFIC!HEAT
I
I 0
400 0 400 800 1200 1600
0 TEMP F
-400 0 400 800 1200 1600
FIG. 2.015 SPECIFIC HEAT (5)( 40, p. 287)
TEMP F
FIG. 2.013 nlERMAL CONDUCTIVffY (7)(40, p. 286)

-- (7)
- - - (22)
16AI-4V
ANN
"'"'
Ill
-- (14)
----- (18)
100
Ti-6Al-4V
ANN
D. 6 ~
~
.-
"' ~a:
--- -r-
80
Ill
D.

~ 5 g
i' ::;
~ 60 ELECTRICAL
-"" RI!SI~ITY
4
0 1600 0 400 800 1:!00 1600
TBMP- F TEMPF
FIG. 2. 0141 nlERMAL EXPANSION FOR ANNI!ALI!D FIG. 2.022 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY (5, p. W-3,4)
ALLOY (7, p. 3)(14, p. 2)(18, p. 50)(22)

6 0 Tl
AI4V
0. 125 IN SHEET
1700F, 20 MIN, WQ
+ 900F, 4 HR, AC Ill 0.8
Ti-6AI4V
~
~
::;
Ill
0.6 - ...-, oXIDlz~o
-7 ---
..:1
<
I=
.......
)- ......
~ 0.4
D.
[POLISHED __,
"'!2
<

v
..:1 0.2
I
MEAN COEF LINEAR nlERMAL
EXPANSION
~ --Et
- --e: <t< 0.665 FT)
4.0L-~----~----~----~~----J 0
-400 +400 1200 2000 2800
-400 0 400 800 1200
TEMP F
TEMPF
FIG. 2.0241 TOTAL AND SPECTRAL NORMAL
FIG. 2.0142 THERMAL EXPANSION FOR AGI!D SHEET
(39, p. 137 -138) EMITTANCE FOR OXIDIZED AND
POLISHI!D SURFACI!S (37, p. 46, 47)

CODE 3707
PAGE 9
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE D MARCH 1965

100 TI'-6Al4V
SHBET
L T
0 0.025 IN ANN 1350P, 8H
.0. 0.050 IN ANN1350F, SHR
u
D 0. 025 IN 1660F, 1 MIN,
WQ. + 1000F,4H R, AC
1/4 IN WIDB SMOO'JH SPECIMtlNS
COATED 1/1& IN 1ll!CK wrnl
Ti-6A I-4V 60 1----\-lf--lc-=A.::S'Ild:.:.:;:~~SYN'Ili:..:.;.::.:::;ET=.;;;:IC;::;-S.:.EA_SA_L_T-;

0500 600 700 800 90()' 0~----~--~--~~----~----~

800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
EXPOSUR S TBMP - F
AGRTBM P- F
FIG. 2.0341 EFFECT OF STRESS AJID TBMPBRATURB ON
100 HOUR STRBSS CORROSION OF ANNI!.ALBD FIG. 3.0213 EFFUCT OF AGIM; TBMPBRATURR ON1llE
AND AGBD SHBET T.ENSll.R PROPBRTIBS OF SHEET AND
(46, Tables 96, 97, 98)
FORGI.~:! (43)(49)

"
160
TI6A14V BLI
1/21NPL ATB
1800F, HR + 1300F PRESS PLAT
140 + NN I HR AC
II' I 60

lil
:.: 120

i2
.._
r-- .,_
- Fro

I
200

180
TI-6AH\ '
0.040 IN SHBBT
AGBD

-
L

"' 100 1--.b- t'TY

BLBMBN'l\; PFM
0 T

20
;
~
160
180
- Fro
~

- --
~ ~
80
60
-...
800 200
H2
80
C
400
00
160 - - - ~

~ ..._ FTY
40
,...
~
140
lXI 10
u
"'lXI
"' 20 r-.-, ~
0
~

AS ~
RBC'D
1400
e(1 IN)

ANNEAL TEMP F
1500 1600
5

0
0 2
--- r--- r..
e(21N)

6 8 10
STRirrCH - FBRCHNI'
FIG. 3.0212 EFFECT OF ANNEALIM; TBMPBRATURR
FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT 01' STRB'ICl flM; AFTB\ SOLI.Tl10N
ON 1llB TRNS1LR PROPERTIES OF RLI
TRBATIN:l ON TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS OF
PLATE (53) AGBD SHEET (19)

CODE 3707
PAGE 10
 - ----------------- ------------------ ------

Ti
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

200 160

[;}]
Tl-6Al-fV ln-6Al-4V
0.063 IN SHEBT !sAa
60..,._ --- -

,_---- ---
~---
f'j140
ANN F~ ~

~ r.
"V'
ro

- -
PTY
20- 120 F.,.,
Ti-6AI-4V

~
0 .ANN
e 1650F, WQ
+ 900F, 6HR
40 -
trBSTBD AT RT
RA
-=--.:o- -o
l'e

l\,
80
FCY

~. - --- ~EATSOKSI
e
1000 HR
O 0 16HR
I
e(
1
1N)
, . -a;;
re
EXPECTI!D TREND 0 200 400 800 1000
FRCN '11-SMn DATA
40 TEMP- P
0 2 3
FIG. 3.0217 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELRVATI!D
STRRTCii- PRRCI!NI' TBMPRRA11JRES WITH LOAD ON TENSILE
FIG. 3.0215 RFFI!CT OF STRRTCIIDC PROPERTIES OF ANNRALI!D BAR
ON COMPRESSIVE AND (18. p. 33-36)
TENSILE YIELD STREN:lTHS
OF ANNEALI!D AND AGI!D
SHEBT (BAl.lSCHIM; ER
EFFECT) (17)

160 TBSTED }.T RT 'ti-6AI-4V

100 HR BXI'OSURB 0.0631N SHBBT L
FTU ANN
f.l140 L----'
FTy L- AVERAGE
e(2 IN)
0 NO LOAD
e STRESSBD 0.33 PTY AT TEMP
e(21N)
200 400 600 800 1000
1000 1100 1200 1300 1400
TEMP F
TEMP- F
PIG. 3.0216 BPPI!CT OF BXI'OSURE TO BLRVATJlD
FIG. 3.0218 BFPI!CT OF SHORT TIME BXPOSURE TO
TBMPERA11JRRS WITH Atv wm!OlTf
ELEVATED TBMPBRA11JRES ON TENSILE
LOAD ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
ANNEALED SHEET (3. p. 93-96) PROPI!RnBS OF AGI!D SHEBT (23)

CODE 3707
PAGE II
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

GJJ
T16A14V Tt-6AI4V
l/21NBA!- f-'o'J"--4"'......-1 OAV MACH FRa.t 1/2 IN PLATE
180
I 1-=":!;;..-r""""'-leAS HEBT, 172SF, 10 MIN, WQ

~
~
+900F HR
v
Ti-6AI-4V
til
:.: 160 d 1.4
r-..... F~ VOANN
-v 0 e 172SF, 1 HR, WQ 0
+900F, 8HR I=
<
=: 1.2
140

40
- i5
2
Ill
RA
~
1.0
:c

0
e 0.8
0.001 0.01 0.1 1/16 1/4 1 4 16
STRAJ!>! !!!-.TE - IN PER IN PER MIN RATIOt/b
FIG. 3.0219 EFFECT OF STRAIN RATE ON TENSILE FIG. 3.02712 EFFECT OF NOTCH GBa.tBTRY ON NOTCH
PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED AND AGIID BAR STRENGTH RATIO OF AGED SHEET AND
(13, p. 9) PLATE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE (11, p. 7)

120
-~ TI-6AI4V
SHEET
w I 'o}l \ . W/h=3.30 ANN
100

--..- A
... %
FSU
80
~I-' FAILED BY
BUCKLr

600 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10

THICKNESS, t - IN
FIG. 3. 0251 EFFECT OF THICKNESS ON SHEAR STRENGTH
OF ANNEALED SHEET (16, p. A-13,14)

200
'tl-6Al4V
0.063 IN SHEET

160 --
A L
~
16701', 4 MIN, WQ+AGE 8HR

--
AT
I NOTCH
I
FTY- t-....................

~
~ ---...
~ 120
\
v ,60:
.w~o
NOTCH ~
STRENGTH 80 iNOTCHJNJ
0.7 1.0
0.045 0.014 0.007 0.004 0.0019
INr(
I1 3
I I
5 40
r < 0.0007 IN
7 9 11 13 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR, K
AGETBMP F
FIG. 3.02711 EFFECT OF STRESS CONCENTRATION ON NOTCH
.FIG. 3.02713 EFFECT OF AG1NJ TEMPERATURE ON THE
STRENGTH OF AGED SHEET (10, p. 19) SHARP NOTCH STRENGTH OF SHEET (49)

CODE 3707
PAGE 12 i .
'o_,..../
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

240
T16AI4V
280 r.,=.~6~M~-4~----~----T-----,
0,0641N SHEET 425F
44 INDIA ROLLED Rim FORGOO
1740F, 2 HR, QUBN::H +AGE 8 HR, AC ANN
200 240
425F RT, L(.f)
FTYl\ RT TO 1000F (3)
r- Ti-6AI-4 V
160 ....., 200

~
t2 160

m '.
120
! ~~
I l' T 1:!. RiN:l WALL~ 0.55 IN

~=~,
WQ 120
80
..,W.LLO .OO ..
3% NaOH QUENCH 400F
0
600F
40
oo BOOF
0.197 .'"0.051
to o. 224 to 0. 058 1000F
SURFACE CRACK SPCCno/IEN, AXIAL DIRECTION
0
60

- :....--::
K1c PLANE STRAIN FRACTURE TOOOHNESS
0,008
TENSION

0,012
STRA1N IN PER IN
0.016

I FIG, 3.03111 STRESSSTR AINCURVES ATVARIOUS

20 TEMPERATU RES FOR ANNEALED
900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200
SHEET (3)(4, p, 44)
AGE TEMP- F
FIG. 3.02721 SHARP NOTCH STRENG"lll AND PLANE STRAIN
FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF SURFACE CRACKED
SPECIMENS CUT FRCfd SOLUTION TREATED
FORGIWS AND AGED AT VARIOUS TEMPERATU RES
(43)

140
Ti6AI4V
1 I/41N BAR
ANN
120

100

80
lil 160
~ lil
~

120
IT1:J SURFACE FATIGUE
CRACK, HEAT TREAT
BEFORE CRACKIW
60

~ 80
80
niiCK 3/16 IN

lil PLANE STRAIN

~
FRACTURE TOUGHNESS
.!4 20
~
60 0 0.3 0.4
TENSION
CRACK LEN:lni, 2a 0 - IN
FIG. 3.02722 EFFECT OF SURFACE CRACK 0,004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012
0.002
LENG1ll ON SHARP NOTCH
PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION STRAIN 1N PER 1N
TREATED AND AGED SPECIMENS STRESS STRAIN CURVES AT Roa.t A!)I) ELEVATED
FIG. 3.03112
CUT FRCN FORGIN:l TEMPERATU RES FOR ANNEALED BAR (3)
(26, Table 32)

CODE 3707
PAGE 13
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

[;}]
200
Ti-6Al- V
0. 063 AND 0.125 IN SHEBT
I 1700F, 3 MIN TO 20 MIN, WQ
160 + 900 TO 9SOF, 4 HR
v RT
200F
Ti-6AI-4V 120
400F

600F
lil BOOF
:0.:
900F
80

0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016

STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG. 3.03113 LOt.CITUDINAL TENSION STRBSS-STRAIN
CURVI!S AT ELBVATBD TBMPBRATURBS
FOR AGBD SHEBT (42, p. 27, 28)

280 ~T-I-~6A-l-4~V----~------r-----~----,
0.063 IN SHEBT
1690F, 12 MIN, WQ + 900F, 4 HR

TI-6AI4
200 0.063ANDO.I25INSHEBT
1700F, 3MINT020MIN, WQ
+ 900 to 950F, 4 HR
RT

AVG. LANDT

0.012 0.016 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016 0.020

STRAIN IN PER IN STRAIN- IN PER IN
FIG. 3.03114 TRANSVERSE TENSION STRBSS FIG. 3. 03115 STRBSSSTRAIN CURVES AT LOW TBM-
STRAIN CURVBS AT ELBVATBD PERATURF.S FOR AGBD SHBBT
TBMPERATIJRBS FOR AGBD
SHEET (42, p. 27, 28) (40, p. 283, 284)

CODE 3707
PAGE 14
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

280
160 Tl-6Al4V
l-6Al4V
0,064JN SHBET, L
ANN

uo 280
r
' ~-
~
ANN

\ ['-._
240 Ti-6AI -4V
120
' FTU
lil
:.:
~ ~200
l:i! ~ 160
. . . . . . . .!--.

""
160 100

"' "'1:
80 160 "'-- .. - 120

120
FTY
~~---
120 60 40

lil
:.: ~
- ...
/ RA

-
Dl
0 20
!5 v
"' v
'
e(21N)
0
80 -400. -300 -200 -100 0 100
TEMP- l'
FIG. 3.0313 BFPBCT OF LOW TBST TEMI'BRATURB ON
60 TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS OF ANNEALED SHBET
(4, p. 37)

40 TI-6AJ-4V
40 ANN

!ZDl 20
-\
0
\. --' ..:
Dl
"'
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 ~
240
TEMP- F
PIG. 3.0312 SPREAD OF TBNSlLR TEST DATA AT R<XN
AND BLBVATED TEMPERA nJRES FOR
ANNEALED SHBET AND BAJ{ (3)

120
lil
:.:

80 E
40 80
20

~0
..Ci
0 0 200 400 600 800
-400 -200
TEMP- P

PIG. 3. 0314 BFPBCT OF LOW TBST TEMPERATURE ON TBNSILB

PROPERTIES OF ANNBALBD SHEET AND BAR
(4, p. 37)(36, p. 48)(38, Table 3)(44, p. 1!4)

CODE 3707
PAGE 1!5
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

[JJ
200
TI-6Al-4V
I 0. 020 TO 0. 125 IN SHEET
1700F, 3 TO 20 MIN, WQ
+900 TO 950F, 4 HR, AC
v 180

Ti-6AI -4V

80

lil
:.:
IN)
e(2 0

0
o~----~200~----400~----~600~---800~----~1000 j:
....
TEMP F
FIG, 3.03151 SPREAD OF TENSILE: DATA AT ROOM AND
BLB"iATE:D TEMPERATURES FOR BIGHT 100
HEATS OF AGED SHEET (39, p. 6873)

80
e L
0 45
6 T
60

~
al 40
tJ
!
20

OL-----~----~~~2_I_N)~----~
0 200 400 600 800
TEMP F
FIG. 3,03!52 EFFECT OF T&l TEMPERATURE:
AND Tl!STIN::: DIRECTION ON
TENSILE: PROPBRTIBS OF AGED
SHEET (32, Table 35 , 37)

CODE 3707
PAGE 16
 REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

2~r-----r-----r-----.----------~-----~ 320

[}]
I\ __j ' .1. . 1l-'6At-fV1
0,02.~ IN SHEBT
1670P, lOMIN, WQ+9.l5P, 4HR

eL
OT

.{ 2401il Ti-6AI-4V
:00:

200
;

160

120

40
~ lOr---;----r---+---4--~~~

~ 1~
TI-6AI-W
200

~"
0.125 IN SHEBT
TBMP- F 1690F, 12MIN, WQ+900F, 4HR

~
PIG. 3.03153 BPPBCT OF LOW AND BLBVATBD TBMPERATURBS ON 160
nJE TENSILE PROPERTIBS OF AGBD SHEBT

"'
(36, p. 51)

140 160

lil
\ ~~
""'-
:00:
' 120 140

!-
100
1\ 120 r:
lil
:00: 80
~k - 100
"'
~
60
~ 80
100
.& 30M1N}
100 HR EXPOSURE
L

A
T
0
6
EXPOSURE
NONE
600F, 42, 5 KSI, 500 IIR
\
SOOHR 30 0 900F, 37 SI. 10 H
60
~

AVG OF 3 HBATS
~ 20 J
o:l

~
60
20
0

...gj
10
j
0 10 e(2 IN) tp
...gj
e(2IN)
0 0 200 400 600 800 1000
0
0 200 400 600 m 1000 TBMP- F
TBMP-P FIG. 3.03155 BFFBCT OF BLBVATBD TEMPERATURE
EXPOSURE ONnfE ROOM AND ELBVATBD
FIG, 3.03154 BPFBCT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TBMPBRA- TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERnBS OF
TURE ON TENSILE PROFBRnBS OF AGBD AGBD SHEBT (40)
SHBBT (15, p. 217-219)

CODE 3707
PAGE 17
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVIS E!) MARCH 1965

[JJ
1110 140
TI-6AI-4 V TI-6AI-4 V
1 IN BAR 0,063 IN SHBBT \
I 172SF, 1 HR, WQ ANN
160 tt +910F SHR
v 120

\~
"~
Ti-6A I-4V 140 100
\ ~
!il
~
120 ~ b- 110

100

110
" ~
FTY
j--.. ,
~~ lil
:00:

60

!l:
60
110

..,.,.-
RA
"""__....-
Ill
0 40
l:i...

0
. e _....
FIG. 3.03211
0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008
STRAIN - IN PBR IN
STRESS-STRAIN CURVBS IN COMPRESSION AT ROQ.II
0.012

0 600 800 AM> ELEVATED TBMH!RATURBS FOR ANNEALED

1000
SHEET
TBMP- F (3)
FIG. 3.03156 BFFBCT OF TBST TBMPBRA11JRB ON
TBNSILE PROPBRTIBS OF AGBD BAR

nor-----T-----~-----r----~,~-6~~~~:~:~~~~
3 IN x 9 IN FORGI!I(;
165CF, I. HR, WQ+ HOOF, 4 HR, AC

240
!il ~T~I-6~A~l~-~V----------~--~----~
~
0.063 AND 0.125 IN SHBBT
--~~~--+-----+-----~1110 1700F, 3 MIN TO 20 MIN, WQ
~ !il + 900 TO 950F, 4 HR, lC
"' ~ 200
L
100
eL
OT
AST
80
100

60

!l:lXI
0

...::i

e(1 IN) 0.020

0~----L---~~--~~--~~--~. STRAIN - IN PBR IN
-200 0 200 400 600 800 FIG. 3. 0.3212 LOJII:IITUDINAL CQ.IIPRBSSION STRESS -
TBMP- F
STRAIN CURVBS AT BLBVATBD TBM-
FIG. 3.03157 BFFI!CT OF TEST TBMPBRATURE ON TENSILE PBRA11JRB FOR AGED SHEET
PROPBRTIBS OF SOL111lON TRBATBD AND AGBD (42, p. 29, 30)
SPBCIMBNS CUT FRQ./1 FORGIM:; (26, Tble 7)

CODE 3707
PAGE 18
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

240 r=n--6~A~I--4~----------,------r----~
0. 063 IN TO 0.125 IN SHEET
1700F, 3 TO 20 MIN. WQ
200
+ 900 TO 950F, 4 HR, AC

Ti-6AI-4 V

40

O I:O----O-.OO:L-4----0..I..00-:-::-8--0:-.-:.iOl"':2----::0~.0~1"':'6-----::0-'..020
STRAIN IN PER IN
FIG. 3.03213 TRANSVERSE COMPRESSION STRESS STRAIN
CURVE AT ELBV ATBD TEMPERATU RES FOR
AGED SHEET (42, p. 29, 30)

140 Tl-6A14
j
..... ~ . / ll/41N BAR
ANN
120

100

li!
80 loo:
li!
loo:
120
60

COMPRESSION
60'~o~---~~----~400L-----600L-----soo~----.~ooo
0~--~-----L~~~--~~-- ~~~~
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012
TEMP F
STRAIN IN PER IN FIG. 3. 03221 SPRBAD OF C<NPRESSIVB YIELD STRBN:iTH
STRESS-STRAIN CURVES 1N C<HPRBSSIO N AT ROOM AT ROOM ANl BLBVATBD TEMPERATURES
FIG. 3.03214
AND ELEVATED TBMPBRA1U RES FOR ANNEALED BAR FOR IDGHT HBA"CS OP AGBD SHBRT
(3) (39, p. 74-79)

CODE 3707
PAGE 19
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REV I SED MARCH 1965

u
[;]] I

Ti-6AI-4V
.
200

180

160

140

iil
:.:
120 TEMP- F
m
Cl FIG. 3,0351 SPREAD OF SHIUIR STRE!ollTH AT ROOM
..;
AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURE FOR EIGHT
HEATS OF AGED SHEET (39)

TEMP-F
FIG, 3,03223 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE
ON COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRB!ollnl OF ANN!l:ALIID
AND AGED SHEET AND BAR (15, p. 229232)(19)

80 TI6AI4V

V3/41N} 0
Al> 5/SIN BAR
60 o liN
D 1/2 n.JPLATE

..."'~ 40
....
l>VO ANN
1725F, 1 HR, WQ
+900F, 8HR
IL

00,063 IN SHEET .
20 60 170DF, 20 MIN, WQ+ IOOOF, 4 HR (19)
A 1/2 TO I 1/4 IN BAR, ANN (3)
e 1/2 to I IN BAR
1725F, IHR, WQ T 900F, 8 HR (13)
40L0--~~200~~~-400~--~6~00--~~80DL_____IJOOD
0~----~----~----~--~L---~----~
-400 -200 0 200 600 800
TEMP- F
TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 0331" BFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON IMPACT FIG. 3,0352 BFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON SHEAR
STREN:lTH OF ANNEALED AND AGED PLATE STREN:lTH OF ANNEALED AND AGED SHEET
AND BAR (13, p. 34, 35) AND BAR (3)(13, p. 19)(19)

CODE 3707
PAGE 20
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS.ALLOYS

[f ]
280
3~------------------------~- ---~
TI-6A14V Ti6.AI4V
{\. ___ / I
0.020 INT00.125 1NSHEET
.ANN
1700F, 3 TO 20 MIN, WQ e{D I
1.5 2.0.
~~~~~---+--~+~~~T0~~95=0~F~,f4~H~R~~A=C, 240
300 1:> & 0.063IN SHEET
0 e 11/41N BAR
v
200 Ti-6AI- 4V

160

li!
:..: 120

200

TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0362 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON BEARl!IO
PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED SHEET .AND BAll
(3)(7, p. 102)
0 200 600 800 1000
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0361 SPREAD OF BEARIIIO STRBNGnl AT ROOM
AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR EIGHT 320 ..----.. ------. ----.........----:::r.-.""'6"".Al,...4""V.-.
HEATS OF .AGED SHEET (39, p. 9197) 0.025 TO 0.140 IN SHEET
1675 TO 1725F, 20 MIN, WQ
280 ~----~~---+----~~-+~1000~~FL'~4~H~R4

.AVG OF 3 HEATS

1200L----~200~----400~----~600~----~800~--~IOOO=
TEMP F
FIG. 3.0363 EFFECT OP EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERA
TURE OF BEARIN:l PROPERTIES OF AGED
SHEET (15, p. 234235)

COOt! 3707
PAGE 21
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

GJJ
e.& L
06T 280 11-6Al-4V
K4 0.0631N SHBET
I K6 1700 F, 3 MIN, WQ
4K 8 +lJSO P 4 HR

~~~
240 eKl2

Ti-6AI-4 V EE
;clll
~~
~~~~
....
li!
:w:
200

160
',
6
.....
.._.VAR

20
Kt
FIG. 3.03711 NOTCH STRENG1l! RA1l0 AS FUN::TION OF -400 -200 0 ;!00 400 600
STRBSS<:ONCENTRATION FACTOR FOR TBMP- P
ANNEALED SHEET TBSTBD AT ROOM
TEMPERATURE AI'V 3!!0F FIG. 3.03713 BFFBCT OF TBSTTBMI'B RATURB AND STRESS
(36, p. Uf)
CONCBNI'RA TDN FAC'IOR ON NOTCH STRENGTH
OF AGED SHBBT
(10,p.25)

-6A14V
0.025 IN SHEET ELl
i.NN

e.& L
r a VARIABLE 06 T
AGED BEFORE NOTCHINi
4 12 16 20
Kt

18.'80 25 10 .s 2 0 .. 7
r MILS 100
FIG. 3.03712 NOTCH STRENiTH RATIO AS FUNCTION OF TI!MP F
STRESS CONCEN'I'RATION FACTOR FOR AGED PIG. 3.03714 Ef'FI!CT OP LOW TBSTTI!MPB RATURBSON THB
SHBET TESTED AT ROOM T1.!MPERATURE AI'V MilD AI'V SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES OF
320F (26, p. 115) ANNEALED ELl SHEET (44, p. 414117)

CODE 3707
PAGE 22
 REVISED. MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

HO 240
( . T1-6A14V Ti-6Al-4V
0. 040 IN SHEET I 0. 025 IN SHEET

120
ANN
TEMP.F 200 ' ... I
..
L T
-109.
' ~.....
0 6 NOT EXPOSED

lil
:.: 100
L
RT
550
160
--. ('\Q.
~ft6.
'

... ' ~:,FTY(AVG
..&
I
EXPOSED 25 KSJ, 6SOF, 1000

LAND,
HR Ti-6AI-4V

Sll 120 1-.- '\6CJ ~~ ryn:H

-- ~~
............ ~

600 0.2 0.4 0.8

80
400
~ -200
~~~~ liN
0 200
't--

400
-- 600 800
2aofw TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 03715 EFFECT OF CRACK LEI'l>1li.ON 1lfE FIG. 3.03717 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON SHARP NOTCH
SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED STRBI'l>1lf OF ANNEALED SHEET BEFORE AND AFTER
SHEET, TESTED AT SEVERAL TEMPERA- ELEVATED TEMPERATURE EXPOSURE (36, p. 49, 50)
TURES (35, Table 3)

2001r-----~----,-----,-----~T~I-6~A~I--4=V~
T SHEET, ANN
1lfiCKNBSS, IN 280
f~6AI-4V

~
0.025 0.050
o
l!t.A
A
7
0. 025 IN SH BET

B HEAT
oe c 240
0 '\ r < 0.0011N
AGED BEFORE NOTCHING

200
' ' I
L T
F,-y{AVG ~ ' 0 6 NOT EXPOSED

160
LANDT~
A EXPOSED 25 KSI, 650F FOR
OOOHR

.. ' ' ' K'* -........!..

120 .....~ .......
....
11/oJ ~"'- ..... u .........
~
~H ~----
80
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800
TEMP- F
TI!MP- F FIG. 3.03718 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON SHARP NOTCH
FIG. 3.03716 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON SHARP STREI'l>1lf OF AGED SHEET BEFORI! AND AFTER
NOTCH PROPERTIES OF SEVERAL HEATS OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE EXPOSURE
MILL ANNEALED SHEET (34, p. 131,133) (36, p. 52, 53)

COOE 3707
PAGE 23
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

~r----.----~---T----~--~
HiAI-.&V
3 IN x 9 IN FORGIN:i
1650P, 1 HR, WQ + llOOF, 4 HR, AC
l-6A1-4V
3 x 9 IN FORGING
1650F, I HR, WQ+llOOP, 4 HR,AC
u
Ti-6AI-4V
120
0
!==
::i
~~
80
2,0
... ~
..:<~~
<e
ili9 1.0
<II
>=
~ 0
40
li!
:..:

t 20
-200 0 200 ~ 600 800
TEMP- F
FIG. ~. 03723 BFFBCT OF TBST TEMPERATURE ON SHARP
NOTCH STREN:iTH RATIO AND PLANE STRAIN
FRACTURE TOUGHNESS AND OF SOLIJI'ION
TREATED AND AGED ROUND BARS CUT
FROM FORGING (26, Table 27 aDd 31)
PRACTURR APPEARANCE
~~-~------~0-------~~-----~~----6~00------~~

TEMP- F
I
FIG. 3,03719 EFFECT OF TBST TEMPERATURE ON THE L I TI-6Al-4V
0. 063 1N SHBBT
SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES OF SOLIJI'ION 1700F, 3 TO 20 MIN, WQ
TREATED AND AGED SPECIMENS OF + 900 TO 950F, 4 HR, AC
VARIOUS THICKNESSES CUT FROM FORGING 200
(26, Table 18)
100 ----- -- ------ - - -- ~----
600F

80
60
200
RUPTURE 900F -r 800F
----
600P
100
80 - -- -- -
60
40
p.S\1\ CREEP
-- - --- 700E

800P
200

-- - --
600F
iiJ
100
80 -=
80 :..: 6!J
--- - 700F

--
40
0.211\ CRBBP ......800F
200

~
60
PLANS STRAIN FRACTURE TOUGHN

----- -----....... -- -
------ --- --
FATIGUE CRACKED ROUND SPEC
iiJ
:..: \~ HEAT TREAT 600F
~
.r
-----
BEFORE 700F
0 CRACKING 20
I
0.354 0.1\lf, CRBBP
10 800F
20
0 ~ 400 0.1 1.0 10 100 1000
TEMP- f TIMB- HR
FIG. 3. 03722 PLANE STRAIN FRACTURE TOUGHNESS FIG. 3. 041 AVERAGE CRBBP AND RUPTURE CURVES AT SBVBRAL TEM-
OF ANNEALED PLATE AT LOW TEM- PERATURES FOR AGED SHEET FRCN THREE HEATS
PERATURES (30, Fig. 11) (41, p. 57-59)

CODE 3707
PAGE 24
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

300r-----~-----r----~~n~-6~A~l-~W~ TI-6Al4V
1/21NBAR 0, 045 IN SHBET, L
MILL' ANN
ANN
120r-----~~~+---~+-----~
100
e'sMOO'Ill
0 NOTCH
80 Kt3,S
Ti-6AI-4V
60

40
~ 100
80

60
40 80 120 160
MEAN STRESS KSI
40
PIG. 3.054 STRESS RAN;;B DIAGRAM AT 107
RUPI'URB CYCLES FOR SMOO'IH AND NOTCHED
1-~}
...0 0.5% CRBnP
SPBCIMBNS OF MILL ANNEALED
SHBET (27, Fig. 11)
.6 0.2%
20
0.1%

0.1 10 100 1000 160

Ti-6A\4V
TIMB- HR 0. 045 IN SHEET, L
I6SOF, IS MIN, WQ+ 1000F, 4 HR, AC
FIG. 3. 042 CRBHP AND CREBP RUYI"URE CURVES AT 750 ii.i
:.:
Mil 850F FOR ANNEALED BAR (9, p. 23) 120

~a:
t;
80
!l
I=
~
a:
Ill 40
200
~
<
I 50

80 160 200
100
MEAN STRESS' KSI
80
PIG. 3,055 STRESS RAN;;E DIAGRAM AT 107 CYCLES
60 FOR SMOOTH AND NOTCHED SPECIMENS
150 OF AGED SHEET (27, Fig. 12)

100
Iii 80
:..= 0.42
TI6AI-4V
60 0, 063 1N SHEET
1700F, 20 MIN, WQ:f"900F, 4 HR
40 0.38
100
0
80 I=
60
:!
~ 0.34

~ ~ )
40

0.30
e
OT
L} VG I RAN;;B FOR MORB
THAN 5 POINTS
850P
I
20 0.26 0 1000
0.1 10 100 1000 200 400 600 800

TIMB HR TBMP F

FIG. 3.043 CREBP AND CRBHP RUPTURB CURVES AT 650 FIG. 3.061 RPFBCT OF TEST TBMPBRATURB ON
TO 850P FOR AGED BAR (5, GI61B) POISSON'S RATIO ( 40, p. 242)

CODE 3707
PAGE 25
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

20
-6AI-4V
0. 020 lN TO 0.125 lN SHBBT
1700F, 3 TO 20 MIN, WQ
18
+ 900 9SOP, 4 HR, AC

16
lil
:00:
0

14

10
~L } 8 HEATS FROM 12
~T ONB PRODUCER

100 600 800

600 800 1000
TBMP- F TEMP- P
FIG. 3.0621 SPRBADOF BLA5nCMODULUSATROOM PIG. 3.0624 SPREAD OP BLA5nC COMPRBSSIVB MODULUS
AM> BLBVATBD TBMPBRATURB FOR AT ROOM AND BLBVATBD TBMPBRATURB FOR
BIGHT HEATS OF AGBD SHBBT (39, p. 68-73) BIGHT HBATS OP AGBD SHBBT (39, p. 7479)

LT
14 e 0 0.025 IN"\.EXP AND Tl-6AI-4V \
A 6 0.025 1N}UNEXP(36) 0.063 IN SHBBT
0.063 IN (4). ANN
BXPOSBD 0 OR 2S KSI, 6SOF, 1000 HR
12 L-~,..-----ll;---~:;----;;800*n-~1200

Tl!MP- F
FIG. 3. 0622 MODULUS OF BLA5nCITY AT LOW AJID
BLBVATBD T.llMPBRATURBS POR
ANNBALBD SHBBT (4, p. 39)(36, p. 28,30)

80
lil
:00:

Tl-6Al-4V 60
"0...... ANN BAR
16
~
~~ 40
--L
-.........: ---T
DYNAMIC
~ i'..... 20

...........

~
(25)
0 (24)

10 0 200 600 800 1000 1200 1000 KSI

TBMPP PIG. 3.0641 TAI'GBNT MODULUS CURVBS IN COMPRBSSION
PIG. 3.0623 DYNAMIC MODULUS OP ELASTICITY POR ANNBALBD AT ROOM AM> BLBVATBD TBMPBRATURBS
BAR AT BLBVATBD Tl!MPBRATURBS (24)(25) FOR ANNBALI!D SHBBT (3)

CODE 3707
PAGE 26
REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

200 220
TI-6Al-4V
0.063 AND 0.125 IN SHBBT
1700F, 3 TO 20 MIN, WQ
160 200 + 900 TO 9SOF, 4 HR
L

---f::::-
L
RT
12!1 160
!il 200F- Ti-6AI-4V
:.:
400F_
80 !il 120
c--
-
:.: 600F

- ~
SOOF,
t::--
~ 80
900F-.

-
"'
1000F

FIG. 3. 0642
0 8
1000 KSI
12 16 20

LOI'IJITUDINAL TENSILE TAI'IJENT MODULUS

CURVES AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR
~

"' I
COMii!SSION

8
I
12 16 20
AGED SHEET (42, p. 21, 22) 1000 KSI
FIG. 3. 0644 LOI'IJITUDINAL COMPRI!SSION TAI'IJENT
MODULUS CURVES AT ELEVATED TEM-
PERATURES FOR AGED SHEET
(42, p. 23, 24)

2
~ ~T~I-6~A~I~-4~V~~~--~-----r--~
0. 063 ANO 0.125 IN SHEET
1700F, 3 TO 20 MIN, WQ
200 200 + 900 TO 950F, 4 HR -1---4-----1
RT
T
RT
160 160 200F

400F
!il 600F
120
:0.:120 ~800~F~~~~~~~-----f~~
!il
:.: 900F
80 80 OOOF

1000 KSI
FIG. 3.0643 TRANSVERSE TBNSILE TAI'IJENT FIG. 3.0645 TRANSVERSE COMPRI!SSION TAI'IJENT
MODULUS CURVES AT BLEVATED MODULUS CURVES AT ELBVATED
TBMPBRL fURES FOR AGED SHEET TEMPERATURES FOR AGED SHEET
(42, p. 21, 22) ( 42, p. 23, 24)

CODE 3707
PAGE 27
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1965

[; ]
240
TI6AI 4V TI6AI 4V
0.063~AND

I
0.125 lN SHEET
1700P, 3 MIN TO 20 MIN, WQ
2 IN ANN PLATE (FTY 117 KSI) \
200 f+
900 TO 950P, 4 HR
WELDED PLATE FILLER WELD ~ELDFTY
v RT . ....,
THICK-IN
0 2
ALLOY
16:.\HV
lo,. !'I'M TYPE
112 MIG
KSI
128
c 1/2
160 2/JOF ~ L
2
6AI4V
ASS
42 TIG Ill
Ti-6 AI-4 V 148 MIG 83
400F !-..... 6 1/2 SAI2C b1Ta 72 TIG 104

li! 120
:.:
600F .............
~_cCJJJ..11 mtPLA TE
(.(.(.-S PECIMSURFA

I~
CE
SOOF
900F r-.,'\ 60
EN NEAR PLATE SURFACE

80

- -
1000"'J:'-.

40 1\
0
0
COl~1' gssJON I
I 12 16 20
20 -1
-i
~
:::.a- -'
~

1000 KSI If CHARPY V

FIG. 3.0651 LOIIGITUDINAL COMPRBSSION SECANT 0 1
MODULUS CURVES AT ELBVATI!O -120 -so -40 0 80 120
TEMPERATURES FOR AGI!O SHEET
TEMP - F
(42, p. 25-26)
FIG. 4.034 BFFBC T OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON THE
IMPACT
PROPERTIES OF PLATE WELDI!D WITH VARIOU
S
FILLER S (28, Flga. 10, 11)

REFER ENCES

1 AMS 4911A, (July 1, 1957)

2 AMS 4928A, (July 1, 1957)
3 Childs, J.K. aud Lemcoe , M. M., "Determ lDatlon
of
Materia ls Design Criteri a for 6Al-4 V Titaniu
m Alloy at
Room &lid Wevate d Tempe ratures ", WADC
TR 58246 ,
(Aug. 1958)
McGee, R. L., Campb ell, J,E,, Carlson , R.
L, &lid Man
nlng, G. K.; "The Mechanlc:al Propert ies of
Cert:alll Alr
craft Structu ral Metals at V<n:y Low Tempe
rature" ,
WAOC TR 58386, (June 1958)
5 Mote, M. W., Hooper , R.B. aud Frost, P.O.,
"The En-
gineeri ng Proper ties of Comme rcial Titaniu
m Alloys" ,
240 TML Rp. No. 92, (June 4, 1958)
TI6AI fV 6 Schwar tzberg, F. R., Holden, F. C., Ogden,
0. 063 AND 0.125 IN SHEET H. R. aud
]affee, R. L , ''The Propert ies of Titaniu m
Alloys at Ble-
200 f&'Z~Jr~~~ WQ
vated Tempe ratures ", TML Rp. No. 82, (Sept.
10, 1957)
7 Titaniu m Metall urgical Labora tory, "Comp
ilation of

200F-.. ~
RT AvAilable Informa tion on TI6Al fV Alloy",
T Memo .. (Peb.
28, 1958)
160 1'-... r\. 8 Titaniu m Metals Corp., "Prope rties of TI6Al
fV", Tl

6~~
tanium Bog!Deerlng Bulletin No. 1, (Jan, 1957)
......... 9 TltaDium Metals Corp. of Americ an, "Guara
nteed Heat
SOOF
900F
~ Treated c.pa!>Uity for TI-6Al- 4V Bar &lid Forgin
Slock", (DAWNov. 1957)
gs

~
10 Soclul, G. &lid Sesaler , J, G., "Btfect of Stress

""\
Concen
tratlon on tbe TenaUe Strengt h of Heat Treate
d Titaniu m
lOOOF 1-.. Alloy s - t at Variou s Tempe raturea ", SURI
80 Final Rp.,
(Aug. 1960)
11 Sacha, G., Seaaler , J.G., Pray, R.P. &lid Yeh,
T.H.,
"Relati on Between tbe Notch TenaUe Streugt
h of Cylln
drlcal &lid Prisma tic Speclm ena of Titaniu m
Alloys aud
Heat Treate d Scoela", SURI l'loper No. 59-Met
-2, (June
5, 1959)
COM'rE SSION 12
1 Titaniu m Metals Corp. of Americ a, "Room
0 &lid mevate d
0 Tempe rature Fatlaue Char~latlca of TI6Al
8 12 16 20 4V",
TMCA Tech. Service Dept., (Dec, 1957)
1000 KSI 13 Hatch, A.]., "Alloy Evaluat ion Program Summa
ry for
FIG. 3.0652 1957-19 58", 'l'MCA, Tech. Dept., (Oct. 6,
TRANSVERSE COMPRBSSION SECANT 1958)
If Rem-O ro Titaniu m IDe., "RBM CRU Cl20A
MODULUS CURVES AT ELBVATED V, 116Al
.fV", Data Sheet, (Sept. I, 1956)
TEMPERATURES FOR AGI!O SHEET
15 Gun111r, ], L. , "OelllrmlDatlon of AdaptabUity
(42, p. 25, 26) of T!rantu m
Alloys" , Boeing Airplan e Co.,. IDII!rlm Rp,
No. f, (Oct.
&lid Dec. 1957)

CODE 3707
PAGE 28
\.
 REVISED MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
Ti

[JJ
16 BreiDdel, W. W., Carlson, R. L. aad Maaalag, G.K., Chrlatla."- J. L. aad Hurllch, A., "l'hyalcsl aad
( i
"The Develop110Dt of MiDlmum Design Dot& on the New Mechanical Properties of Preaaure Vessel Materials for
.J TIWtlum Alloys Being Coaaldered Ia the nWtlum Sheet Applications IDa Cryogenic Environment Fart D'',
Rolling Program", BMl Summary Rp., (Dec. 20, 1958) ASDTDR-62258, Pt. II, GO/A Air Force Contract I
SURI 70, "Ratio of Yield Streustb After aad Before Stret AF 33(616)7719, (April 1963)
17
chiD& (Wilhout Subsequent Heat Treai!ng) of Tl 8MD and Hatch, A.J., "l!llecta of Processing Variables oo the v
TI6Al4V", ijaa. 21, 1958) Texture Hardening Ti5AI2.5Sn aod TI6AI4V,
18 Hatch, A.J,aad Parris, W.M., "Alloy Bvs1U811on Pro 'IMCA Tech. Dept., Henderson, Nev., (August 12, 1963)
gram Summary lor 1956", TMCA, (Apr. 10, 1957) "Chloride Stress-Corrosion Suaceptlbllity ot. High Ti- 6A 1-4 V
19 AMC TR 587574, (1958) Streogth Slalnless Steel Titanium Alloy and Superalloy
Sheet", MLTDR-6444, Douglas Aircraft Co.,
20 Convair, (1955)
21 Convair, (1956) Air Craft Div., Air Force Contract AF 33(657)8543,
22 North American, (1957)
(March 1964)
TMCA, ''ntanlum Sheet Rolling Program lor TI6A14V 47 Boyd, W.K. and Fink, F. W., "State ct the Art Report
23
aad TI4Al-3Mo1V", Seventh Bi>'llOnthly Rep., (1957) on l'henomenous ol. Hot Salt Stress-Cc.rroslon Cracking
TMCA, "Titanium Sheet Rolling Program lor TI6A14V of TiWtlwn Alloys", Battelle Memorial IDatltute,
24
and Ti4Al3Mo1V", Eleventh Bimonthly Rep., (1958) NASA Contract NASr-100(04), Qune 15, 1964)
25 WADC TR 55244, (1955) 48 "Titanium Metals Handbook for the Chemical Processor",
TMCA, Technical Service Dept., New York, N.Y.
26 "Thick Section Fracture Toughness", MLTDR-64 236
49 Espey, G.B., Jones, M.H .. aod BrOWIIo W.F., Jr..
Boeing-North American, AF Contract AF 33(657)11461,
"Sharp Edge Notch Tenslle Characteristics of. Several
(1964)
High Streugtb Tltanlum Sheet Alloys at Roan and
27 "Fatigue Characteristics of the T15AI2.5Sn and
Cryogenic Temperatures", AS'IM STP No. 287,
Ti6AI4V Sheet Alloys", TMCA Tecbnlcal Service
(1960 p. 7410)
Dept., New York, N.Y., (1962) "Private CommUD!catlon", Erbln, E. F., TMCA
28 Lewis, W.J., Faulkner, G. E. am Martin, D.C., 50
Technical Service Dept., New York, N.Y. with
"Development of Procedures lor Welding 2 lncb Thiel: W. F. Brown, Jr., (September 17, 1964)
Titanium Alloy Plate", Battelle Memorial IDstltute, Evans, R.M,. "Porosity In TIWtlum Welda", DMIC
51
Final Report on BNWS Contract No. NOw600390C, Memo 194, Oune 8, 1964)
(1962) 52 "Tltanlum Buyers Guide", TMCA, New York, N.Y., (1964)
29 "Titanium for Liquid Hydrogen Appllcallon InvestigAtion 53 "Private Communication", Broadwell, R.C., TMCA:
of the lnllueoce of Chemistry on Low Temperature with W.F. Brown, Jr., (October 1964)
Behavior of Ti Alloys", TMCA Tech Service Dept., (1962)
54 AMS 4935, ijune 15, 1959)
30 "Tiffany, c. F, and Lorenz. P.M., "An IDvestlgatlon of AMS 4954, ijanuary 15, 1962)
55
Low-Cycle Fatigue Fallures Using Applied Fracture
Mecbsnlcs", MLTDR-6453, Boeing Co., Aerospace
Div., Air Force Contract AF 33(657)10251, (May 1964)
3i T!ffaoy, c. F., 8c>eiDg Co., Private Communication
wlthW.F. Brown, Jr., (1964)
32 Leach, A. E., "Titanium Directionality Program",
Final Report ASD 627675, Crucible Sleet Co.,
Air Force Contract AF 33(600)37938, (September 1961).
33 Hatch, A. J., "Texture Hardening of Tltanlum Alloys,
B.aluatlon of Commercially Produced Sleet", TMCA
Technical Dept., Henderson, Nev .. (March 1963)
34 Bentley, C. W., "Notch Resistance and Fracture
Toughness Cbaracteristlcs of High Streogth Metals",
ASDTDR-63494, Douglas Aircraft Co., Aircraft
Division, Air Force Contract AF 33(657)8545,
(September 1963)
35 Figge, I. E., "Residual Static Streogth of Several Titanium
and Stalaless Steel Alloys and One Super Alloy at llOF,
70F and 550F", NASA TN-02045, (December 1963)
36 Weiss, V. and Roy, A., "Further Material B<alustlon
for Supersonic Transport Aircraft", Syracuse University,
Report METE. 8736312F, NASA Contract No. NASr-43,
(August 1963)
37 Wood, W.O., Deem, H.W. and Lucks, C.F., ''Thermal
Radiative Properties of Selected Materials", DMIC
Report 177, Vol. I. Danelle Memorial Institute.
(November 1962)
38 Hlck'Y C. F., "Mechanical Properties of Titanium am
Aluminum Alloys at Cryogenic Temperatures", Pro
ceedlngs AS1M Vol. 62, p. 765, (1962)
39 "Determination of Design Data for Heat Treated Alloy
Sheet", Vol. 3, Tables of Data Collected, Lockheed
Ceorgla Co., Air Force Contract AF 33(616)6346,
(December 1962)
Ibid, Vol. 2 a, "Detalls of Datn Collected Program Test
Techniques and Results !or Tension, Compression,
Bearing, Shear, Crippling, Joints and l'hyati:al Properties",
(December 1962)
Ibid, Vol. 26., "Test Techniques and Results for Creep
and Fatigue", (December i962)
42 Ibid, Vol. I, "Summary of Mechanical and !'hysical
Property Data Collected, lnchlllng Tenslle Creep
and Fatigue, (December 1962)
Private Communication, Sippel, G. R., Alllson Division
General Motors Corp., with W.F. Brown, Jr., (1964)

CODE 3707
PAGE 29
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1967 ~O~FERROUS.ALLOYS

1.043 Users' specUied composition, Table 1;043.

1. GENERAL
alloy. It
TI-7A1-4Mo Is a beat treatab le alpha-b eta type
diate
Is used primar ily In the form of light and Interme
850F. Its
forgings and extru~1ons at temper atures up to TABLE I 043
15 leal
strengt h Is blgber than that of TI-6A1-4V by about ~urce
5)
In the anneale d condition and about 25 lcslln
the solution Percent
ng of
treated and aged condition. The depth of hardeni Min Max
-4V.
this alloy Is essenti ally the same as that of TI-6A1 6.5 7.3
Welding of this alloy Is not recomm ended,
Aluminum
Carbon -- 0.15
0.0125
1. 01 Comme rcial Designation
Hydrogen
Iron - -
4.5
7A1-4Mo Titanium Alloy. Molybdenum 3.5
Nitrogen - 0.07
1.02 Alterna te Designations
o, RS- Oxygen - 0.20
C-135AMo, Tl(6 to 7)AI-(3 to 4)Mo,MST 7AI-4M Balance
135, RMI-7AI-4Mo, HA-7146. Titanium
Not specifie d
1.03 Specifications
Table 1.03.

TABLE 1 03 1.05 Heat Treatm ent

Specifi cations 1.051 Anneal.
cool
Form Condition AMS 1> Company 1.0511 For maximum formRblllty. !450F, 1 hour, furnace
air cool.
Bar, forging s AM - Genera l Electri c
Co. BSOT52-53 1.0512
at 300F per hour maximu m to 1050F maxim um,
For maximum creep proper ties. 1450F, I hour,
furnace
forging stock cool +
ST +aged AMS 4970A - cool at 300F per hour maximum to !OSOF, air
I OSOF, 24 hours, air cocil. blgbest
1.052 Stress relief. 900 to 1300F, 1 to 8 hours, using
, air cool.
temper ature at which oxldatioa !s no problem
2 hours,
1.04 ~sidon
1.053 Solution treat. 1700 to 1800F, 30 minute s to
1.041 AMS specifie d composition, Table 1.041. water quench.
temper a-
1.0531 Effect of =lutloo treat temper ature on room
.
ture tenslle proper ties of unaged bar, Fig. !.0531 a-
temper
TABLI! 1 041 1.0532 Effect of solution treat temper ature on room
ture tensUe proper ties of aged bar, Fig. 1. 0532.
AMS (I) Aging
Source
Percen t 1.054 Age. 1000F to !200F, 2 to 8 hours, air cool.
Min Max respon se of bar, Fig. 1.054.
6,50 7.30
Aluminum Hardne ss
Carbon -- 0.10
0.013
1.06
~s up to 4 Inches, the bardena billty
of this alloy
Its .nrengtl1
Hydrogen Is essenti ally Identical to that of TI-6Al -4V.
Iron -
3.50
0.30
4.50 at full hardne ss, however, exceed s that of TI-6Al
-4V.
ature
Molybdeilum Effect of as-quen ched section size on room temper
Nitrogen -- 0.05
0.20
1.061
tensile proper ties of aged bar, Fig. 1.061.
Oxygen 1. 062 Hardne ss. 'I)'plca l. 32 to 38 RC.
Other elemen ts
Total' - Balance
0.40
1.07 Forma and Conditions AvaUable
sizes
Titanium 1.071 Alloy Is availab le In the full comme rcial range~
Need not be reporte d for bar, forging s and extrllsl ona.
le on a
1.072 Some of the special produc ts which are availab
comme rcial basis are sheet, plate and wire.
on. Bar
1.073 AU produc ts are &upplled In the annealed conditi
n, (9).
Ia additionally supplied In the heat treated conditio
1.042 Produc er's specifie d composition, Table 1.042.
1. 08 Melting and Casting Practic e
1.081 Consumable electro de double vacuum melt, (1)(9).

TABLE I 042 1. 09 Special Consid eration s

::ource 2)(3)(4 See Tl, Comme rcially PUre.
Percen t
Max
Min 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
6.5 7.3
Aluminum
Carbon - 0.08 2,01 Therm al Propert ies
Hydrogen - 0.0125
2.011 Melting range. Approximately 3000F.
Iron - 0.25 2.012 !'base change s. Tbla alloy transfo rms on
cooling from
Molybdenum 3.5 4.5 beta to alpha plus beta at 1815F to 1865F, (3X4).
- 0.05 Therm al conductivity, Fig. 2.013.
Nitrogen
Oxygen - - 2.013
2.014 Therm al expansion, Fig. 2. 014.
Balance 2.015 Instantaneous apecl!lr. heat, Fig. 2. 0!5.
Titanium
2.016 Therm al dlffualvlty
Not specifie d
Billet, 0. 0100% maximum 2.02 Otber Pbyalcal Propert ies
Density. 0.162l bper cu In; 4.48 gr per cu
em, (3X4)
2.021
(Ill XU )(12).
Time-t empera ture-tra nsform ation diagram s
2.0211
2.022 Electri cal resistiv ity, Fig. 2.022.

CODE 3708
PAGE
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

2.023 Magnetic properties, Alloy is nonmagneti c.

2.024 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperatu re
Emissivity
2.025 Damping capacity See section 3. 03 also.
3.021 Tension
2.03 3.0211 areas-stra in diagrams
Chemical Properties
3.0212 Tensile properties for bar.
See n, Commercia lly Pllre.
3.02121 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatur es With and
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Without load on tensile properties ol annealed bar, Table
3.02121.
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
3.011 AMS specified mechanical properties, Table 3.011,
TABLE 3.02121
TABLE 3 011 Source 101(131
'Source AMS 1) Allov TI7Al4MD
Allov n-7AI-4Mo Form Bar
Form Bars and forgings Condition 450F ,lhr ,FC300P per hrto 1050P,AC+1000P.241u
Condition 1725P 25 I to 2 hr, WQ+-1200P + 25F, 16 hr, 1000 hr expoaure at Tested at RT
' AC e(21n)
Diameter or Ptu, Pry e(4D), RA, Temp-P Load,ksl Pw,ksi PtY,ksl RA,%
%

-- -
thickness - In ksl- min ksl- min 'J;-mln %-min RT 149 ~~~ 6
s 1.00 170 150 10 20 600 149 137 13 to 15 25 to 46
> l.OOto 2.00 165 150 10 20 80 146 141 16 46
> 2.00 to 3.00 155
Hardness shall not be lower than RC 30
145 10 20 800 -
50
149
148
137
144
13 to 15 ~5 to 46
16 45
See Reference( I) for stress rupture and creep stability specificatio ns 1000 IS 152 148 14 :>4

3.012 Producer's guaranteed mechanical properties for annealed

material, Table 3.012.

TABLE 3 012
ISource 131
Alloy TI-7Al-4M o
I.I'Drm Bar
ll,;onumon Ann
Thickness - In S2 ;no~

Ptu min-ks! 145 140

Pry min-ksl 135 130
e,(4D) min-% 10 10
RA, min-% 20 20
Hardness,
RC- max 38 38

3,013 Producer's guaranteed mechanical properties for material

solution treated and aged, Table 3. 013.

TABLE 3 013
Source 10)(13
Allov TI7Al4Mo
Form
Bar
Condition
HT
Section size - In Ptu ksl RT
ptv. ksl e(lln)-%
.:: 1 max RA % Teat Location
170 160 8
>I to 2 max 20 Center
160 ISO 8 20
> 2 to 4 max Mldradlus
150 140 8 20
S:.l max Mldradlua
195 180 5 12 Center
~ ~ Ig i m:~ ll~ jgg ~ u tua:~ru~:

CODE 3708
 Ti
REVISEDMARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3. 02122 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatures with load oo

tensile properties of annealed ba1, Table 3. 02122.

TABLB 3 02122
Source (12\
Allov TI7A14Mo
Form Bar
Condition Ann 1475F 2 hr FC to liiOOF AC
Bxpo&ul:"e conditions \l(,e at Subsequent RT tens~e pTmes
Stress. kat Time hr temP F Ftu,kal Ftv kal e(4D), RA, ~
TemP F
None None None None 156 147 13 38
800 90 815 8.0 167 161 10 '34
900 60 145 1.0 156 loU 17 39
900 30 500 o. 75 160 151 14 42
1000 30 145 1.0 157 149 16 41
11100 6 500 0.32 164 157 13 38

3.02123 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatures with load on

tensile properties of solution treated and aged bar,
Table 3.02123.

TABLB 3 02123
Source (IZ)
llov 7AI4Mo
Form Bar
Condition ST 1700F, 4 hr, VI +all<! UOOF, 6 hr AC
Bxpoa1re conditions eW,at Subsequent RT tensile properties %
Temp F Stress kat Time hr temP F Ftu. ksf Ftv, kat e(4 D); RA \I\
None None None None 173 158 10 23
800 102 770 10.0 194 179 7 20
900 60 145 1.0 178 152 11 24
900 35 500 0.52 177 153 12 19

~~ ~~. !;~
1000 30
~~
157 10
1000 13 162 10

3. 02124 Effect of extrusion temperature an tensile properties of

as-extruded and extruded-plus-annealed bar, Fig.
3.02!24.
3.02!3 Tensile propenles for forgings
3. 02131 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatures with load on
tensile properties of annealed upset press forgings,
Table 3. 02131.

TABLB 3 02131
Source tu\
Allov Ti7AI4Mo
Form -Unset n- <M-.1
Preas forged 2 to 1 to 3/4 In from 1750F, AC + 1450F, 1 hr, FC
Condition
to 1050F AC
l:>U .III' exposure at Total c~ep de!, Subsequent RT tensll
Direction
Temp F Stress - ksl F,.,, ksl F..,, ksi P~r''1J IU ~

Rad None None None !50 140 13 31

Tan~ None None None 154 145 12 31
Rad 750 80 0.56 !53 142 15 33
Tang 750 80 0.63 156 144 13 23
Rad 850 45 0.43 151 139 12 29
Tang 850 45 0.44 ]57 142
~z
16
Rad
~~~
950 25
Tamz 950 25 :~ !~ f2

CODE 3708
PAG" 3
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

Effect of exposure to elevated temperarures with load

oo tensile propenies of solutloo treated and aged upset
press forging, Table 3. 02132.

TABLE 3 02132
Source 14
IAllov TI-7Al-4Mo
Form Unse n""'SS forOI!!d
Condlttoo Press forged 2 to 1 to 3/4 In from 1750F, AC + 175DF, AC + 1750, lhr, WQ
+ 11001'. 8 hr. AC
Dlrecttoo 150 hr e"'jsure at Total creep Subr equent RT tensUe propenies
Temp - F Streas, ksl de!,% """ ksl Ftv, kRI ei40l. 'i\ RA 'l.
Rad None None 179 161 8 12
Tang

.
None Nooe 179 162 9 13
Rad 750 80 0.25 178 162 5 10
Tang 750

.
80 186 167 9 14
Rad 850 45 0.27 181 163 8 10
Tang
Rad
Tan2
Not measured
850
950
950
45
25
25 .
0.39
175
183
177
154
165
162
8
6
~
18
9
I?

3. 02133 Effect of exposure to elevato:d temperature with load oo

tensUe propenies of annealed compressor blade forging,
Table 3. 02133.

TABLE 3 02133
Source 16)
IAllov 7Al4MO
Form Compressor blade forging
Forge 1700-175DF +Ann 1450F, I hr argon, PC at lOOF/hr max to 1050F,
Coodltlon
AC
Exposure condltloos Subsequent RT tensUp properties
(Spec ga'- section D.!6Diln dla x~.65C In lengthl
Temp - F IStress-ksll Total elongation, % Fn~o ksl -, ~"'' ksl e, RA 'l.

850
None
I 40 I -
D. 97'1\ In 209 hr
151
156 I 144
146 I 17
22 I ~
3. 02134 Effect of exposure to elevated temperarures with load em ,
tensUe propenies of solutloo treated and aged compressor ....... ,../
blade forgings, Table 3. 02!34.

TABLE 3 02134
Source (6)
lnv TI-7Al-4Mo
IFonn Comoresslon blade forllinlls
Forge 1700- 1750F + ST 1560F, 30 min argon, AC +age 102DF, 24 Hr, AC
Condition
Exposure Conditions SUBSEQUENT RT TENSILE PROPERTIES
(~c gage sectlon 0.!60 Inch dis D. 650 In lenf'l
Temp - F )Stress-ksil Total Elongatloo, % F , ks 1 F~. ksl e, RA. 'i\
None - 162 !56 17

I
53
850
950
40
12I I
0. 7li In 120 hr
0.46 In 57 hr
164
164
154
- 20
18
26
46

-3.02135 Effect of aging on short time tensUe propenies of upset 3,026 Bearing
forgings, Fig. 3. 02!35, 3.027 Stress concentration
3.0214 Effect of extrusion temperature on as-extruded tensUe 3.0271 Notch properties
propenies of extrusions, Fig. 3.0214. 3.0272 Fracture toughness
3.022 Compression 3.028 Combined propenies
3.0221 Stress-strain diagrams
3.023 Impact See 3. 033.
3.024 Bending 3.03 Mechanical Prooenies at Various Temperatures
3.025 Torsion and. shear 3.031 Tension
3.03U Stress-strain diagrams
3.0251 Shear properties, Table 3.0251.
3.0312 TensUe properties for forgings
TABLE 3 0251
Source 10)(16
Allov TI-7Al-4Mo
Form I/21n bar
I condition Ann 1650F WC>f--10001' 4 hr
Pin dla-ln 3/16 3/8 3/16 3/8
Fsu -ksl ID4 104 117 114
to to to to
115 lOS 120 118

CODE 3708
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

on abort ~
Typic al room tempe rature and 572P abort
time tensil e 3.0312 5 Bftect of subze ro and elevat ed tempe ratureg, Pig. 3.0312 5. T I
3, 03121 Table 3.0312 1. time tensile prope rties of 3:1 upset forgin J
prope rties of annea led upset forgin gs, on tensil e prope rties of anneal ed
3.0312 6 Bftect of teat tempe rature
Pig, 3.0312 6, 1 A
and aged compr essor wheel forgin gs, 4 Mo
TABLE 3 03121 prope rties of
10 3.0312 7 Bftect of teat tempe rature on tensile gs, Pig.
SOurce anneal ed and aged comp ressor blade forgin
AUa; TI-7A l-4Mo 3.0312 7.
!~;;.;;;< fnrafn ..
Form 3.0313 Tensil e prope rties for bar
Forge 1750P +Ann 1450P, 1 1/2 br, PC 3.0313 1 Bffect of elevat ed tempe rature s on tensil
e prope rties of
Condi tion 300P/ br max to lOSOP, AC anneal ed and beat treate d bars, Pig. 3.
03131.
prqpe rties of
Upset ratio Teat temp- P ptu' leal Pty,le al 3.0313 2 Bffect of elevat ed tempe rature s on tenalle
,
bar for two beat treatm ents, Pig. 3. 03132
140 g histor y on
3:2 RT 150
92 3.0313 3 Influence of teat tempe rature and forgin
Pig.3. 03133 .
572P 110
144 tensile prope rties of beat treate d bars,
h and notch
3:1 RT 153
94 3.0314 Bffect of subzer o tempe rature s on smoot
bar from same
572P 114 tensile prope rties of annea led sheet and
beat, Pig. 3. 0314.
prope rties of
rties of upset 3,0315 Bffect of elevat ed tempe rature s on tensile
3.03122 Avera ge 572P abort time tensile prope extrus ions, Pig, 3. 0315.
s, Table
forgin gs aged at two dltlere nt tempe rature
3.0312 2.
TABLE 3 03122
10
Source Ti-7A l4Mo
IAllov lh>set forgtn g
ll/2b r, WQ + age as Indicated
IPorm PC 300P/ brmax tol05 0P, AC+S T1750 P,
Forge 1750P, + Annl4 50P, 1 1/2 br,
Condi tion
Tested at 572P RA <r.
Upset ratio ph,, leal e, \{,
Age temp - P Age time- br Ptu ksl 49
152 119 12
4 3:2 14 54
1050 3:1 149 116
111 13 44
1100 4 3:2
3:1
139
141 110 . 13 54

750P abort time

3,0312 3 Effect of expos ure at 850F, 45 ksl on
wheel forg-
tensile prope rties of anneal ed compr essor
Ings, Table 3.0312 3.
l . TABLE 3 03123
\. ..,, (161
Sourc e "Tf.jA :iMQ
4llov Corili lresao r -wheel forKing
IFonn , 1 br, FC at JOOF/ br max
Forge below beta transu a +Ann 1450F
Condition to 1050F AC
kal &lbsequent 750F prope rties
Expos ure condit ions: 850F, 45 RA 'i.
Expos ure time, Appro ximate plastic P-. kal e \II
br creeD. <i Pru, kal
85 19 63
0 103 18 56
0 107 84
0.19 18 55
20 111 86
0.43 18 57
100 114 89
0.(,9
13oo

abort time
3.0312 4 Effect of expos ure at 850F, 45 ksl on 750F
essor wheel
tensile prope rties of beat treate d compr
forgin gs, Table 3, 03124.

TABLE 3 03124
(16
Sourc e 7AI-4 Mo
IAllov Comp ressor wheel forgin g
+ST 1560F , 30 min, AC +age
II'onn 1 br, FC at 300F/ br max to 1050F, AC
Forge below beta tranau s +Ann l450F , t o2iJ-F 24 hr. AC
Condition
&lb~que~~ 750F prope rties
~sure condit ions: 850F,
45 leal
Appro ximate plastic e,% RA, \1{,
xpoau re r,lme, Pru ksl l'rv, Ice!
, br creeo '.1\ 51
87 16
0 110 57
0 86 18
0,15 111 57
20 89 19
0.27 115 19 53
100 89
l~m n " ""

CODE 370 8
PAGE 5
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

3.032 Compression
3.0321 Streso-llttafn diagrams 3.063 Moduwa d. rfgtdlty
3.0631 Modulua d. rfgtdlty at room and elevated temperatUrea,
!::1
0
Impact
Impact properties of bar at subzero and elevated tempera- Pfg. 3. 0631.
turea, Pfg. 3.0331.
3,034
3.035
Bendfllg
Torsion and lhear
FABRICATION

3.036 Bearing 4.01 Pormabllltx

3,037 Stress concentrstiOD. See Pig. 3.0314. 4.011 Forging. For beat combination d. strength and <Uctlllty;
3.0371 Notch properties smrtlng temperature 1850Pmaxlmum , ffnfehfng tempera-
3.0372 Fracture touglmess ture lSOOP mfllfmum. Re<Uctfoa of 25 to 40 pel'CeDt
3,038 Combined properties lhould be performed In the alpha +beta ranae In the final
forging operation, &lbeequent reheating aucb ae re-
qufred for siZing operatf011.11, lhould not exceed a tempera-
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
3.041 Creep and creep rupture properties for forgings ture d. about 200F below tbe beta to alpha +beta trane-
3.0411 Creep and creep stabll..lty properties of beat t!"'ated up- formatloo temperature, (8).
set forgings, Table 3. 0411.

TABLB 3 0411
ISource
l.llov
IForm
- CIO- 0
Upset forl!lnR
Condldoa Forge 1750F +Ann lofSOP, .1 1/:J. br, PC at 300F/br maxto 10SOP, AC +5r 1750P,
11/2hr, WQ+age 1120P, 4 hr, AC
Creep teat coadltlons:850P , 451ea RT properties subsequent to 150 hr creep teats
Heat Total Cr<!ep In Upset ratio
30br .'l> 150 hr CJ, p"" leal Prv, leal e. 'J. RA ll.
A 0.198 0.356 193 167
3:2 8 13
B 0,226 0,366 182
A
B
0.175
0200
0.315
3:1 193 i~~ 11
8
24
19
0 352 183 160 10 Ill
3.0412 Master curvea for creep and creep rupture d. annealed
4.012 For beat creep &Dd creep :rupture propertleo, at some
compressor blade forgings, Pig. 3.0412.
3,0413 Master curve tor creep and creep rupture d. aged com- aacrlflce,ln ductility, forging In tbe bets regtoo Ia
errectfve, (8 ).
preseor blade forgings, Pig. 3. 0413.
3.0414 4.013 Casting this alloy Is not done at tbe present time, (1966),
Master curves for creep and creep rupture d. annealed
(8).
and aged compressor wheel !orglnga, Pig. 3. 0414.
3,0415 Master curves for creep In upset forglngw, Pig. 3,0415.
3.042 Creep and creep rupture properties for bar
3,0421 Creep rupture curves tor bar at 1020 and 1200P, Fig, 4.02 Mac:hfnfng and Grinding
3.0421. Seen. Commercially flare
3,0422 Minimum creep rate curves tor bar at 1020 and 1200P,
Pig. 3.0422.
3.0423 lsochrODOUs atress-atrafn curves In tension at 600 to
.f.03 ~
4.031 General. Since this alloy Ia heat hardenable It Ia not
1000P tor bar, Pig. 3.0423. generally recommended for welded aaaembllea, (6).
3.0424 Total atrafn curves at varfoua temperatures tor annealed
bar, Pig. 3.0424. 4.04 Heat Treatment
3.0425 Total atrafn curves at various temperature tor solution See TI6Al4V.
treated and aged bar, Fig. 3, 0425.
4,05 Surface Treatment
3.05 Fatigue Properties See Tl, Commercially flare
3.051 Fatigue properties tor smooth and notched bar, Table
3.051.
TABLI! 3.051
Source 1iilll3\
Form l/2to3 4fnbar
Condition An
Stress Stress F~tlgue otrengbt-lca
Temp,F Metbod Ra o Coocen- at cycles
A R tratloo 107
RT ~ot bend - 1 "t I 97
Kt. 3.9 29
3.052 Stress range diagram for bar at room temperature to
900P, Pig. 3. 052.
3.053 O..:rstress ratio versus cycles tO failure at room tem
perature for botfJ bending and tc.raloa, Fig. 3. 053,

3.06 Blaatlc Propenlea

3.061 Po!asoo 1a ratio
3,062 Modulus of elaatlcfty
3.0621 Static modulus of elaatlclty at room and elevated tempera-
tures, Pig. 3,0621.
3.0622 Dynamic modulus or elaatlclty at elevated temperatures,
Pig. 3. 0622.

I
CODE 3708
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

200

180

180 160!2
'
PTU ~
140 "'

120

120

100
60

0
AS 1400 1600 1800
BXTR
SOWTION TREA TBD TBMP P

PW. 1.0531 BPPBCT OP SOLUTION Til BAT TBMPBRATURB ON ROOM TBt.fPS:RATURI!

TBNSILB PROPERTIES OP UNAGBD BAR (7, p.11,12)

...
.
CODE 3708
PAGE 7
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

220
e ALPHA BBTA BXTRUDBD n-7Al-4M o
0 BETA EXTRUDED BAR

2110 ~t ST+900F , 8 HR

~ -t---
RT

180 /

i2 160 ~
180

160

v
/ ---- ___-J

140 /
K
cV
(0

( :----- ~ r---.,
:
~ ?'--
e !

.........._, .
: .!.
1
0 '
16110 17110 18110 1900 21100'
n-7Al-4M o
SOUJTION TRBAT TEMP - F BAR
Sfi800F
FIG. 1.0532 BFFBCT OF SOUTI'UION TREAT TBII.IPERATIJRE 200 ~
RTTBS1

~...
ON ROOM TllMPBRATIJRB TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS
Fro-..,
OF .AGBD BAR (7, p.13)

l2 180 ' /
~
'
l- 160 ALPHA-BETA BETA
- EXTRUDE D B:t."TRUDBD
0
~F}

c 1000F AGB

--
A UIIOF
v y
140
180
A
~~rmRn
f"
l2
'
160 v ~
Fn

r::
"' 140
r
f-.-.
I""

I
50
~n
~~ :> ITTRA _e

0
11 4 8 12 16 20
AGING TIME - HR
FIG. 1,054 AGING RBSPONSB OF BAR
(7,p.I4, I~)

~--------.
i ~~DE 3708
PAGE 8
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERRO~S ALLOYS

OJ
n-7Al-4Mo n-7Al-4Mo
PRBSS FORGBD BAR :6 (2)(10)
!:! ---(11) I
190
l!'i 0
res~--~~~~~~~---t----~
MBAN COBP LINBAR
7
"' THBRMAL BXPANSION
~ FROM RT TO TBMP JNDIC
0
180_ ~ 4 ~0----~.~00~--~8~00~--~1~200~--~1~~
!.'.!
' TBMP-F

170
l- PIG. 2.014 THBRMAL BXPANSION
(2 ,p.2)(ll)(10,p.3)

170 160

!2
fl60

150 Ti.7Al-4Mo
sO

""'
~
0
Ia=
...
1>1
0 " 10 OL-----400~----::-800~---:1~200::::---~16'00
e
0 TBMP- F
1 2 3 4

AS QUENCHED SECTION SIZE-IN FIG. 2.015 INSTANTANEOUS SPBCIPIC HEAT

(2,p.2)(10,p. 3)
PIG. 1.061 EPPECT OF ASQlJBNCHED SECTION
S1ZB ON ROOM TBMPERA1URE TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF AGBD BAR (ll,p. 7 to 11.)

""'
llo

g 8~--~--~~~,_----4 80
~ n-7Al-4Mo
0:
!:'!
""'
llo

~ THERMAL CONOOCT!VITY

60
..,.
- ELBCTRirL R'VITY

0 400 800 1200 1600

TEMP- P TEMP- P

PIG. 2.013 THERMAL CONOOCTIVITY PIG. 2.022 ELECTRICAL, RRSlSnVITY

(2,p.2)(10,p.4)
(2,p.l)(l0,p.2. 3)

CODE 37ffi
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

200
BXTRUDBD ~ROM 1 TO 1/2 ~ DIA
0 ASBXTRU DBD
n-7AH.M o
BXTRUDBD BAR
u
ANN 1560F, 1 HR ~ARGON, AC
+ 1020F, 24 HR ~AIR, AC PTU
0

150
- L.---- --
,..
0 -
50
- ~ RA

v
e
0
1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
EXTRUSION TBMP P
PIC. 3. 02124 BFPBCT OP EXTRUSION TBMPBRATURB ON
TBNSII:.E PROPBRTIBS OP AS-
EXTRUDED AND BXTRUDBO PLUSAN NBALEO liAR
(7,p.S3)

n-7AI-4M o
160
. EXTRUSIONS

160 _140 FTU

f.!l60

HO
~ :----

-
40
140 r--
!2Ol PTY t--a
tl
a:; 20 .._ .....
...
Ol .... 40

e
~
tl
a:;
RA ......
0
IOOO IOSO 1100 1150 1200 re o e
1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2!00
AGING TBMP P
EXTRUSION TBMP P
FIG. 3.02135 BPPilCT OF AGING ON SHORT TIMB
TBNSILB PROPRRTIBS OF UI'SBT PIG. 3.0214 BPPECT OF EXTRUSION TBMPBRATURE ON
FORC~C. (10, p. 7) ASBXTRU OED TBNSILE PROPBRTIBS OF
EXTRUSIONS (7,p.26)

CODE 3708
~ Ti
~{: REVISEDMARCHI967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
Ij
l

OJ
4t Tl-7Al4Mo
\ 3:1 UPSET FORGING
240 1-+---+AT 1750P I
ANN 1450P, 1 HR, PC AT
\ 5 P/MIN TO 1050P, AC 0
ST 17501', 1 HR, WQ
\
+AGE 1200P, 16 HR, AC
200 1--'!.---1-----1----~-1

SPECIMENS 30 MIN AT
TBST TEMP PRIOR TO
TBST

soL-------~------~------._~
-400 0 400 800

TEMP- P

PIG. 3.03125 EPPECT OP SUBZERO AND ELEVATED ~----~----~~----~~~~T~I-~7~Al~-7.4M~o~ 160

TEMPERATURE ON SHORT TIME TENSILE COMPRES.'iOR WHEEL FORGINGS
PROPERTIES OP 3:1 UPSET FORGING
(10,p.8)
140

1110

80

60

~ 80 ~-~---+-- ~--~~~
BETA TRANSUS
FORGED BELOW
E OANN 1450P,1 HR, PC (AT 300P/HR MAX)TO 10
P, AC
60 ANNASABOVE+ST 1560P, 30 MIN, AC
+AGE 1020P, 24 HR, AC

40~--~--~--
80
-~---~--4

TEMP- P

PIG. 3.03126 EPPBCT OP TBST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES

OP ANNEALED AND AGED COMPRESSOR WHBBL PORtliNGS
(16,p.C.2.6.c 2. 7)

CODE 3708
PAGE II
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

180
1 Tt:7A1-4Mo
COMPRBSSOR BLADE FORGINGS " '

160

-~ '-.... 140

"'
Pro

160
0 ~R ~
120 ~

140
~ ~ 100
~
""
'\

~
120 ~
'~ ~
"'~ ~
80

I 100 ~ .. 60
~ PORGBL'-~T 1700- 750F ....._~
0 ANN 1450!!, 1 HR ARGON, PC AT
"" 100P/HR M.AXIMUM TO 1050P, AC
80
-o.,. '""' "'M>N "CON AC
+AGB 1020P, 24 HR; ;~C
:\.

SPBCIMBN GAGB SECTION 0.1~0 DlA x 0.650

60 . , LBNG11f
',
' .,

---
40

80 ~

'""z0"'
"'"" 40
.,.... - RA
/~
_.,_..,....., ~
"'
0
""'
i
e -
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

TBMP- P

PIG. 3.03127 BPPBCT OP TBST TI!MPBRATURB ON TBNS1LB PROPBRTIBS

OP ANNBALBD AND AGBD COMPRESSOR BLADB FORGINGS
(6, p.c.19,c.1.10)

CODE 3708
PAGE 12
 Ti
R~VISED MARCH 1967
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

--- --~--~~
~----~----~----~----r 1l-7A l-4Mo
BAR

Jrr ANN
v (3)
L:. (4)
0 (13) 160
0 (12)
<> (14)
~1~~
~---+~---r-----r--

}
/ /k-- +-- --1 120

~ 120r---~~--~
i:
"' 80

60

e
600 800 1000 1200

TBM P- P
ILB
ATBD TBMPBRATURB ON TBNS
PIG. 3.031 31 BPPB CT OP BLBV HBAT TREA TED BAR
200
PROPERTIES OP ANNE ALED AND
. p. 7)
(3, 1).16)(4, p.24) (12, p.20) (13,p .4)(14

160

80 ~

--- ..
- ...-- ..........
--~

--- --....._... ,-...... ..........

--- -- --
--- ............
.......... -......_
TEM P- P
URES ON
PIG. 3.031 32 BPPB CT OP BLEV i.TED TEMP ERAT

--- -- TENS ILE PROPERT:.BS OP BAR

TREA TMEN TS
POR TWO HBAT
(10,p .S)

CODE 370 8
PAGE 13
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCHI967

n-7Al-4Mo
PORGBD ROD

100
: FORGBD FROM}
7 1/21N TO 3/4 IN tp AT 1750F
7 1/2 IN p TO 4 1/2 IN rp AT 2100F
THBN PORGBD TO 3/4 IN AT 1750P
50 II FORGBD FROM 7 1/2 In szS TO 3/4 IN9{ AT 2100F
100
ALL HT: 1750F, 1 HR, WQ + UOOP, 4 HR

~~~~==~=i====~====~====~===l
Ill

~ 16r----r----r------=t:~;=-~t=====~~~--~
e

80 200 400 600 BOO 1000

TBMP- P

FIG. 3.03133 INFWBNCB OF TBST TBMPBRA1URB AND FORGING HISTORY

ON TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS OF HBAT TRBATBD BARS (17)

CODE 3708 ,-~,

PAGE 14
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

280
-.~ n-7Al-4Mo
ANN

260 0 Cl 0 0,060 IN SHBBT

240 ..........
' '\.. e II 0.625 IN DIA BAR
BOTH PROM SAMB HBAT

~
220
' ', \
~~
;}.
!2200

180
p'~
TY

~~
~sy ~
[

[~Froo
-
160 1---
_l
rO.OO? NOTCH

f--
~

140 ~

____.
~0
a;
120
40

20
- . RA

...
-
"'... ..-- ~ -.
e ,... -o
0 -200 -100 0 100
-400 -300

TBMP- P

PIG. 3.0314 BPPBCT OP SUBZBRO TBMPBRATURBS ON SMOOTII AND NOTCH

TBNSILB PROPBRTISS OF ANNBALBD SHBBT AND BAR PROM
SAMB HBAT (18,p.4-S)

CODE 37081
lA
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

Ti-7A l-4M o 180

~~ BXTRUS!ONS

~~
e BXTRLDBDAT17li5P+ANN 160
.A. BXTRUDBD AT 1800 P

160

~~
I- " 140: !

140 ~ '-..: '

~

~
120" '

i212 0
\ "
~
I' \
~~
~
100

J \
100 ~ 80
~~ ~-
80 PTY
--~
60
60
"'\
40 ~ ~RA
,r'

(}
0
-- e
I /
---
200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TI!M P- P
PIG. 3.031 5 BPFI !CT OF I!LBVATI!O TBM
PI!RATURBS ON TBNSILI!
PROPI!RTIBS OF EXTRUSIO
NS
(7,p. 53,5 4)

40
TI-7A I-4M o
BAR

-
v ~
30

1BCHARPY V
"'.
.~
20
I~

/
l'l.

10
()
~ ~
- fiT ANN
<> (10)
0
-400 -200 0 200 400
I
600
I
800
(18)

1000
TBM P- F
PIG. 3.0331 IMP/ iCT PROPI!RTIBS OP BAR
AT SUBZBRO AND I!LBVATB
D TI!MPI!RATURBS
(IO,p .!3)( 18,p .4)

CODE 37 08
PAGE - 18
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I
20
~rc . .~
NOTCH, let; 2. 7 SMOO'Ill
-1
:}[60
o::T}E
.A. 0 25% CREEP
0.3%

....... 0
... 0.4%
I

10 29 30 31 32 33
25 26 27 28
-3
P (T + 460)(log t + 20) 10

PIG. 3.0412 MASTER CURVBS POR CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE OP ANNEALED COMPRESSOR BLADE FORGINGS
(6,p. c.l.ll and c.l.l3)

100~~------~-----.------,------,------,----------------- ~~~
n-7Al-4Mo
COMPRESSOR BLADE FORGINGS
80 ~--~--------~~--~------~--~~~------~----- PORGED17~17WP
ST 1560P, 30 Ml'N ARGaoi.AC
+AGE 1020P, 24 HR, AC
60
RUPTURE

TEST TEMP

'''"'"j"""

o::~~~RE
A. 0 25% CREEP
0.3%
... 0.4%

3
P (T + 460)(log t + 20) 10'

PIG. 3.0413 MASTER CURVE POR CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE Ofl AGED COMPRESSOR BLADE FORGINGS
(6,p.6.!.12, c.L.t4)

CODE 3708
f',~GE 17
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

10080 l-----t..-::::=:--l---~-J--
~ CRBBP
Tt-7Al-fM o
COMPRBSSOR WHBBL FORGING
PORGBD BBLOW BBTA TRANSUS
10
60 ------+-~--~~-----4------~----~

( ) TBSTTBM P

NOTCH, SMOOTH
Kt 3.4 0 t:. V ANN lfSOP, 1 HR, PC AT 300P/HR MAX TO 10501', AC
e
4
~ ANN AS ABOVB + ST 1560P, 30 MIN, AC
+AGB 1020P, 24 HR, AC

P (T + f60)0og t + 20) 10-3

PIG. 3. 0414 MASTBR CURVBS FOR CRBBP AND CRBBP RUP'IURB

OP ANNBALBD AND AGBD
COMPRBSSOR WHBBL FORGINGS (16,p.c.2.U,c.2,12,c.2,19,c .~.20)

TBMP- P

CRBBP, ~
0.1 0.2 0,5
0 t:. C14SOP, 1 HR, PC TO 10SOP, A
4 -17SOF, 1 HR, WQ+USO F, 8 HR,A

p (T + 460)0og t + 20) 10- 3

FIG. 3.0415 MASTBR CURVBS FOR CRBBP IN liPSBT FORGINGS
(14)

CODE 3708
1:14(.11:' lA
 Ti
REVISEDs MARCH 1967 NO~FERROUS ALLOYS

DJ I
0

TIMB HR

PIG, 3.0f21 CRBBP RUP'IURB CURVBS POR BAR AT 1020

AND 1200F (15,p,J28)

1020F
1200P

e 1600F, 24 HR, WQ
+ li'l20P, 48 HR, AC
+ 1200F, 48 HR, AC
10~--------------------~--------~,-~-+--------------------~~-------------
4 1650F, 24 HR, WQ
+ 1020F, 48 HR, AC
10"6

RATB-IN PBR IN PBR HR

PIG. 3,0f22 MINIMUM CRBBP RATB CURVBS FOR BAR AT 1020 AND 1200P (15,p.129)

CODE 3708
DAt.U:" IG
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1967

TI-7Al-4Mo
BAR 600P
PORQBD 1800 TO 1850P
80 +1450F, 1 HR PC TO
1050F, AC + 1050P, 24HR,AC

40 l---+--%r,L--f--==--+-""'sXPO="'su~R""B,---.,.,HR;:-1f--~
1
10
100
250
500 I!NSlON 400
_,,_ 1000 n-7A1-4Mo
0.625IN DIA BAR
0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 ANN 1450P, 1 HR, PC AT
5 P/MIN TO 1050P, AC
200
STRAIN - IN PBR IN

PIG. 3.0423 ISOCHRONOUSST RBSS-STRAIN CURVBS IN TENSION

AT 600 TO lOOOF FOR B.'R
r bzooP [RT

(13,pp.10-14)
100
-.=4ooP
80 r- ~6001' ......
60

40
~
~~
20

~
{Pro 158 KS1
:n F 150 KSI
t-.....TY
10
8
6
"" 1\..
'\
0.2\t TOTAL h"TRAIN\
2

1000P

10 100 1000
1
01

TIMB HR

PIG. 3.0424 TOTAL STRAIN CURVBS AT

VARIOUS TBMPBRATURBS POR
AJ.INBALBO BAR (10, p.B-9)

CODE 3708 I
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

400
T17Al4Mo
0. 625 IN DlA BAR
C!rl
~
ST 1750P, 30 MIN, WQ
200 AGE 1200P, 4 HR, ~c;_
RT '1. . , 200P

100
80
-..., 400P 6c}op

60 ~
!2 40
~
RT {Pro 192 1CS1 800~
~ PTY 178 1CS1

"'~
10
8
6
0.2% TOTA~ STRAIN
1

PIG. 3,0425
10 100

TIME HR
--
lOOOP

TOTAL STRAIN CURVBS AT VARIOUS

1000

TEMPERATURES FOR SOLUTION

'fRBATED AND AGBD BAR (IO,pp.8,9)

so ~--..----..----"T""'--....- --
TI7Al4Mo
...
BAR
ANN

40

.
!220

~ 250 Hl!.

E o
oso
~
~
1:!60
!:i<
40

20

1000 HR

120 !60 200

MBAN STRESS ICSI

PIG. 3,052 STRESS RANGE DlAGitAMS POR BAR AT ROOM

TBMPBRATURB TO 900P (II)

CODE 3709
PAGE 21
Ti
NONFERROUS. ALLOYS REVISEDMARCHI967

[;]]. I
0
3.5

3.0
n-7Al-4Mo
BAR
ST 14SOF, 1 HR, ARGON,
PC AT 300F /HR MAX TO
I'-.......I

10SOF, AC + 1020F, 2 HR, AC

i5 ROUND SPECIMENS
4
~~
BBNDlNG, F 107 89.5 KSI
2.5 r-----~~~--~ e TORSlON, F 107 45. 0 KSI
.-,_--------t--------4----~~~
Etl
Q l>l
RT

l>l ::l
:l '-'
t (:::
<~ 2.0
...~

1.5

NUMBER OP CYCLES
FIG. 3.053 OVERSTRESS RATIO VERSUS CYCLES TO FAI!.URE AT ROOM TBMPERA1
1JRE FOR 801lf BENDJ:IIG AND
TORSION
(19)

TEMP F

FIG. 3.0621 STATIC MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM

AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
(2,p. 3)(10, p.2)(11)

16 .---~------~------~------r-------r-~
n-7 -4Mo
BAR
FORGED 1800F TO 1850F
- + 14SOF, 1 HR, PC TO
!2 14 1---t----- --.j-:::::: .........,,_110SOF, AC
~ + 10SOP, 24 HR, AC

12 ~~6~00-------700~------800~
------900L-------1000L-~

TEMP- P
PIG. 3.0622 DYNAMIC MODULUS OP RLASTlClTY AT ELEVATED TEMPERA
TURBS (13,p.1014 )

CODE 3708
PAGE 22
REVISED MARCH 1967
NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

8~----r-----r---~r---~-----------,
TI-7Al4Mo
BAR

TBMP- P
PIG. 3.0631 MODULUS OP RIGIDITY AT ROOM AND BLBVATBD
TBMPBRATURBS (11)
RBPBRBNCBS

1 AMS 4970A, (March 15, 1966)

2 Jones, J. P., "Personal Communclation", Crucible Steel
Company, Specifications and Technical Information,
(Septembe r 17, 1959)
3 Titanium Metals Corporatio n ot America, ''how to use
titanium", (August 1966)
Reactive Metals, Incorpora ted, "Basic Design Pacts
About Titanium"
5 General Electric Company, "Mal.llrlals Information Data
Compilation - Pan IV", (February 1963), ASD USAP
Contract No. AP33(657)-8017, Material Specification
B50T52-S3, (June 26, 1962)
6 General Blectrlc Company, ,,daterlal s Information Data
Compilation - Pan lV", February 1963), ASD USAP
Contract No. AP33(657)8017, Teclmclal Information
Series No. R58AGT832, (October 31, 1958)
7 Titanium Metallurg ical Laborator y, "CompllatJCI:I of
Available Information on the TI-7AI-3 to 4Mo Alloy", TML
Memorandum, Quly 18, 1958)
8 Orr, D. 1., ''Heat TreatahJ.llty ot Low Temperat ure Press
Forged Ti-7Al-4Mo, X7 Formulati on Heat M-9692-B",
Case Study 6-3, Titanium Metals Corporatio n ot America,
May 23, 1961)
9 Private Communication with R. Pranlt Malone, Associate
Director of Metals Processin g and Titanium Research,
Crucible Steel Company of America, (1966)
10 Crucible Steel Company, "Crucible C-135AMo-Titanlum
Base Alloy 7% Aluminum - 4% Molybdenum", Prelimina ry
Data Sheet, (November 1959)
11 General Blectrlc Company, "Data Sheet", General Blectrlc
Company Specifications B50T52, CSOTS1, CSOTS6, (Nay-
ember 10, 1958)
12 Repuhllc Steel Corporatio n, '"rttanium - Grades and
Propenles ", (1959)
13 Crucible Steel Company, 'Tentative Data Sheet for:
Crucible C135AMo7Al-4Mo", (Decembe r 1, 1958)
14 Titanium Metals Corporatio n of Ameri.:s, ''Room and
Elevated Temperat ure Properties of Experimen tally
Forged Ti-6Al-4V and TI-7Al-4M o- Case Study
104 ", (October 26, 1964)
15 Carew, w. P.,Crossl ey, P. A. and McPherson, D. J.,
"Titanium Alloys for Blevated Temperat ure Application",
WADC TR 54278, Pt. I, D, Quly 1955)
16 General Electric Company, "Material s Information Data
Compilation Pan lV", (February 1963), ASD USAP
Contract No. AP 33(657}-8017, Technical Information
Series No. R58AGT457, Oune 17, 1958)
17 Hamer, J. B., Hendricks , P. L., Taylor, M. B., 'The
Effects of Processing on the Heat Treated Properties of
C135Mo (TI7Al-4Mo)", Crucible Steel Company al
America, Presented at New York University 's Sixth
Titanium Metallurgy Conferenc e, (Septembe r 1960)
18 Hickey, C. P., Jr., ''Mechanical Properties ot Titanium
and Aluminum Alloys at Cryogenic Temperat ures", h5!,
ASTM, (1962)
19 Danfonh, C. B. and Starkey, W. L., 'The Effects of
HlghStre ssAmpllt ude Fatigue Damage on the Endurance
Properties of High-Performance Stainless- Steel and
Titanium AllOfs", ASMB Paper No. 62-WA-230, (1962)

CODE 3708
PAGE 23
........ I. GENERAL 1.0541 Sttess relief tor miD annealed sbeet, 1300P, 30 minutes, I
I
Ji ' This alloy Is designed prlmarUy Cor use Jo elevated tem- sir cool. Ti
"'~ perature applicadons and In the 8DDI!aled coodldon. 1be
room temperature tensUe strength Is about equal to 6Al-
!.0542 Sttess relief !or duplex annealed sheet 1350Fto 1450F,
IS mloutes, sir cool, (5). 8 AI
4 V but at elevated temperatures tbe tensUe strength and 1.0543 Process anneal !or sheet, 1450P, 15 to 30 mloutes, air
creep resistance are superior to other commonly avallable cool, (5). Mo
alplla or alpha+ bets dtanlum alloys. Special duplex
8DDI!aling treatments have been developed which yield
high fracture tooghness Jo sbeet at temperatures aa low
1.06 Hardness
Alloy Is used In amrealed condition ooly.
v
aa 200P, This alloy baa tbe highest tensUe modulus and
lowest density or any commercial dtanlum alloy. Recent 1.07 Forms and Condidons AvaUahle
Jovesdgstions have shown It to be more suscepdble to Alloy Is avaUable Ia all normal commercial forms except
elevated temperature solid salt corrosion tbau 6Al4V or strip, (3).
( Al3Mol V. Delayed faUure or cracked specimens has
been encooatered Ia salt soludons and suscepdblllty to 1.08 Melting and Castlns Practice
this elfect Jocreases with thlclaless. 1.081 Melting. Double consumable electrode vacuum melt.
1.082 Csstlng. Alloys Is not caat.
1.01 Commercial Designation
BAlIMoIVTI alloy. 1.09 Special Considerations
This alloy Is susceptible to bot salt corrosion at tempera
1.02 Alternate Deslgnadon tures above about 400F and subject to delayed failure when
N011e. tested with craclcs In the presence or salt water, (see
2. 03). Heating Ia or slow cooling through the temperature
1.03 Specifications rrurge from ahoot 1000 to 1200F should be avoided, (see
.1.031 AMS 4955, Weldlog wire, (SO) Fig. 3.02713) thus, slow cooling from tbe annealing tem
perature tends to decrease tbe toughness, (see Fig.
1.04 Composition 3. 037110). Unfortunately the strUctu"re produced by air
Table 1.04. cooling from the annealing temperature Is not stable If
heated tor long periods or time at moderately elevated
temperatures and Ullder the circumstances the yield
TABLE 1 04 strength Increases and the tooghness decreases, (se~ Figs.
I""- IJV4\ 3.03110, 3.0218 and 3.02714).
Allov T -SAJ-IMn-tV
Percent 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Min MAI
Alumloum 7.5 8.5 2.01 1bermal Properties
Molybdenum 0.75 1.25 2.0ll Melting range. Approximately 3100F, (3).
Vanadium 0.75 1.25 2.012 l'base cluinges. Alloy tranaforms on heating to all-bets
Iron - 0.3 at approximately 1900P. Slow cooling from above the
Carbon
Nitr"'!"D
-- 0.08
0.05
beta tranaus results In a predominately alpha structure
with approximately ten percent bets, (3).
Oxygen - 0.10 ."!.0121 nmetemperaturetrans(ormatlon diagrams
Hydrogen
Titanium
- Balance
0.015 2.013
2.014
Thermal conduct! vity, Fig. 2. 013.
Thermal expansion, Fig. 2, 014.
Ref. 4 2.015 Specific heat
2.016 1bermal diUuslvity

).05 Heat Treatment 2.02 Other Physical Properties

1.051 Alloy Is used In annealed a>ndition and soludon treating
and aging Is not recomme11ded. Bither single anneal or
duplex cycles are employed depending on the combination
of properties desired. 1be duplex cycles Callow nonnal
mlll annealing (furnace cool) arullnvolve air cooling.
Air cooUng from the ar~">ealing temperature Increases the
toughness with some reduction In room temperature
strength, (19). Special heat treating procedures are
under development to improve the hot-salt stress corrosion
resistance and to reduce the tendency to delayed failure
in the presence oC certain environments. (see 1.09 and
2.03).
1.052 Bar forgings and heavy sections. 1:\Jplex, !650 to 1850,
1 hour. air cool+ 1000 to I lOOP, 8 to 24 hours, air cool.
For minimum distonlon 1650F, 1 hour, air cool+ HOOP,
8 hours, air cool. For higher creep resistance 1850F, 1
hour, air cool+ HOOP, 8 hours, aJr cool, (1).
1.053 Sheet
1.0531 MUI anneal. 1450F, 8 hour, furnace cool. Highest room
temperature tensile strength. Good stability and creep
strength to 700F.
1.0532 Duplex anneal. Mill anneal+ 1450P1 IS minutes, aJr cool.
Appears particularly suited to moderately elevated tem-
perature applications and where high toughness Is re
qulred. See Table 3.02712.
1.0533 Duplex anneal (also called Triplex). Mill anneal+ 1850F,
5 minutes, air cool+ 1375P, IS minutes, air cool. For
superior creep resistance combined with good tooghness,
(see Fig. 3.041) and Table 3.02712).
1.054 Stress relief
2.021 Density. 0.156 lb6 per cu ln. 4. 37 gr per cu em.
2.022 Electrical resistivity, Fig. 2.022.
2.023 Magnetic properties
2.024 Emissivity
2.025 Domplng capacity
2.03 Chemical Properties
See also 6Al4V.
2.031 Corrosion reslstance. General. Recent intensive in-
vestigations or several commercial titanium alloys In
eluding 8Al1MoIV have served to characterize the el
evated temperature solid salt stress corrosion beha vlor
In considerable detail and have shown that delayed
faJlu re ol cracked aped mens may be encountered at
room !"mperature Jo both air and aqueoos environments.
Only a brief summary a( these Investigations can he given
here and the reader should refer to the references tor
tunher detslls. In general, the results Indicated that
this 'alloy In Its conventionally processed and heat treated
conditions Is more susceptible to solid salt stress corro
slon than Is arurealed 6Al4V or 4Al3MoIV but probably
leas so than SAI-2.5Sn. It appears to be more susceptible
to delayed !allure In aqueous salt solutions than 6Al4V.
Preliminary results Indicate that by special proces
sing and heat treatmeol the delayed ranure resist
ance or this alloy may be Improved.
2.032 Solid salt corrosion. The rate ol corrosion In the pre
sence or salt Is very rapid above 900F wlthoot stress
whUe the rate at lower temperatures depends strongly
on the stress. Sodium chloride coated sheet tensile
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS
s~mens stressed at 40 ksl exhibit losses In retained
Ti rOllm temperature tensile strength after exposures of 5000
hours at SOOF and 1000 hours at SOOF, (31), (see Fig.
8 AI 2.0321). Exposure at 650F and 10 ksl for 100 hours
results In a large loss In tensile elongation, (44). Tension-
Mo tension fatigue tests (19) at 800F and 60 k.sl show pronounced
loss In the fatigue life of sheet specimens provided with a
v small hole (l<t a 2. 3) while no effect on the fatigue life of
these specimens was observed at 600F and below. Tbe
stress and temperature llmlts below wblch solid salt
stress corrosion does not OCCill" are not clef1nltely estab
llshed. As might be expected,the sensltlvity of the
test Is a factor which must be considered when attempting
to establish these llmlts1 and different tests can have
widely different sensitivities. For example a self stressed
specimen (see Fig. 2. 0321) has been developed (29) which
appears to be more sensitive than the commonly used
tensile specimen. Tbe self stressed specimen Ia formed of
a pair of opposltely bowed Strips falltened at their ends to
preserve the bow. Tbe amount of bowing determines the ex-
posure stress.
Following exposure the specimen Is placed In longitudinal
compression and the end deflection or shortening to
fracture determined. On the basis of the data thus far
avaltable It Would appear that at temperatures below 400F
salt stress corrosion of thls alloy would not be an Import-
ant consideration for most applications.
A wide variety of halogen salts have been found to produce
stress corrosion In thls alloy at 6SOF and above, (32)(35).
l'llre sodium chloride appears to be among the most
damaging and Is more severe than ASTIJI artificial sea
salt, (29)(32).
Stressed specimens (120 1:81) placed In a non-Industrial
atmosphere two miles from the sea for 18,000 hours
showed appreciable stress corrosion when subsequently
exposed 2, 600 hours at 5SOP In air, (29) and te~ted using
the self stressed specimen shown In Pig. 2.0321. Various
metals used for bearing or for surface protection readily
form chlorides In the presence of even a few ppm of
chlorine at temperatures above 750P. Tbese chloride
coated metals, If In contact with a titanium alloy suscept
lble to salt stress corrosion, can produce premature
failures of the titanium alloy, (33). Silver ls a bad actor
In this respect and precautions should be taken to avoid
contact between silver and titanium If elevated temperatures
are encountered in the &ervlce appLtcatton. Other metals
which may have a damaging effect Include cadmium, iead
and palladium, (33).
Reducing the thlclcness al sodium chloride coatings de-
creases the time at temperature necessary to Initiate
stress corrosion but does not appreciably affect the
amount of damage produced by very long times at tem
perature, (30)(31).
The amount of stress corrosion produced by a given total
time at elevated temperature during cyclic beating de
creases the cycle dwell ume at elevated temperature, (30)
(31 ). In certain types of tests this beneficial effect of cycling
begins to disappear as the cycle dwell time exceeda about
8 hours, (see Pig. 2.0322).
The mechanism of solid salt corrosion of titanium alloys
18 not clearly understood and appears to be complex, In
volving as yet unidentified Intermediate reaction products.
There Is general agreement that oxygen In some form,
(e.g. as a titanbJm oxide) must be present and that
corrosion Is more rapid In moist than In dry environ-
menta. Tbe electrochemica l nature of the reaction can be
readily demonstrated, (38) and L~volves an oxygen differ
entia! cell with the cracks occurring at the cathode. Some
lnveatlgators propose a gas reaction product Is directly
or indirectly Involved In the cracldng. Thus, It baa been
suggested chlorine could be formed from the Intermediate
corrosion products and cause cracldng directly, (29)(35).
Another suggested mechanism Involves the production of
HCI (Crom a reaction between NaCI and water) whJch then
reacts with Tl, AI, and V to form chlorides and hydrogen.
The hydrogen then diffuses Into the titanium alloy to
produce rhe observed cracking, (32). Experiments con-
ducted using hot staRe microscopy have been Interpreted
GOOE 3709
PAGE - 2
REV I SED MARCH 1966
to show that a gsa Is not responsl\ble for the cracks but
that a solid state reaction occurs produelng hydrogen Ions
that cllffuse Into and embrittle the metsl, (37).
2.0321 l!ff"ct of exposure tempe:rature IIDd ti:ne on solid salt
stress corrosion of duplex a.nnealed sheet, Pig. 2. 0321.
2.0322 Meet of cycllc1>eatlngon solid salt corrosion suscepti-
2.033
bility of m.plex IIDJICaled sheet, Fig. 2. 0322.
Delsyed fa!Juro. Titanium alloys are considered to
be exceptionally resistant to atuck by aqueous environ
ments lncludiilg most Inorganic: salt solutions. Recent
JnvestJga.ttoris, boweve1, have abown that cracked
!lpeclmens of this and several other titanium alloys
exblblt delayed fsllure In aqueous sodium chloride
solutions and In certain cases also In distilled water,
(36)(42)(43)(45). The mW annealed condition of this
alloy appears to be considerably more susceptible to
thla than the duplex annealed condition, (see Fig. 2.0331).
Sufficiently thin duplex annealed &beet exhibits essentlslly
no susceptibility to delayed fsllure In the presence of a
3 1/2 percent sodium chloride solution whJle this alloy
condition In the 0.045 Inch gage showa large reductions
In strength when tested In the same environment, (see
Fig. 2, 0331). Additional Information Is necessnry to
properly delineate thls thlc:lcnesa effect and the Influence
of metallurgical structure. Preliminary results (36) lndi
cate that afgnUicant tmpro"Yement 1n tbe resistance to
delayed fsllure may be obtained by producing mlcrostruc
turea having substantial amouDIS of tranaformed beta so
that the primary alpha exlats In the form of discontinuous
lslanda. Suitable structure may be obtained by modified
rolling techniques followed by 1850P, 5 minutes, AC +
1375F, 15 minutes, AC, beat treatment, (41). Tbe possl
ble Influence of mW processing and heat treatment varl
abies on solid salt stress c:or~roaion of this or other
titanium alloys baa received little attention. There Is 110me
Indication that rapid cooling from the 14SOP annesllng
temperature appears to produce a less susceptible condition
than a very slow cooling rate, (34). However, additional
tests would be neeessary to prove this. Investigations of
protective coatlnga show that aluminum modified silicone
provides useful protection from solid salt corrosion at
550P for 3000 hours, (39). Oats for longer exposure
times Is not yet available Preltmlnary results Indicate
that flame sprayed or zinc dipped coatlnga should be
further lnveetigated, (35).
2.0331. Delayed rauure curves In 3 1/2 percent salt solution
for mill and duplex annealed sheet, Fig. 2. 0331.
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
3.01 SPecified Mechonieal Properties
3.011 AMS speclflcaliona. Welding wire; AMS 4955, (SO).
3.012 Producer's guaranteed minimum tensile properties for
annealed bar and forgings, Table 3.012.
TABLE 3 012
Sourc" I
Allov TISAIlMolV
Form F,..,lnaoll Rolled Sar{a
Condition Sl=le or mlex anneal
Ftu min hi 130 JJO
1J,
F1 mIn 1:81 120 J20
e( D)m In percent 10 10
RA, min percent 20 25
(a) S.....:tlona up to and Including 4 sq ln.
REVISEO~ARCHI966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

3.013 Producer's guaranteed minimum tenslle properties for 3.02713 Bffect of stress relief temperalllre and time on sharp
annealed abeet, nible 3.013. notcl: properties of duplex annealed sheet, Pig. 3.02713.
3,02714 Bffect of elevated temperature expoaure on sharp notch
Ti
TARLR3.013 properties of duplex annealed abeet, Pig. 3.02714. 8 AI
Souice TMCAI20: 3.0272 Fracture tougltness. See 3. 0327.
3.02721
All
Form
I
T .8AI-1M<>- IV Nominal fracture toUgbneaa of mill annealed and duplex
annealed abcet, (aceTable 3.02712).
Mo
Sheet
Mlll ann, 14SOP 14SOP
Bhr, PC
IBSOP, 5 min, AC
15 min, AC + 137SP, IS min, AC
3.028 Combined properties v
k:ondlli<r
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperawres
Pru mlnksl 145 135 135 3.031 Tension
F mlnksl 135 125 125
e(ljln)percent 3.0311 Stress strain diagrams
< 0.025 In 3.03111 Streaaatraln curves for mW annealed sheet at elevated
> 0.025 In t8 18 a temperatures, Fig. 3.03111.
3,03112 Stresaatraln curves at elevated temperature for duplex
3.02 Mecbanlcal Properties at Room Temperalllre annealed abcet, Pig. 3.03112.
3.021 Tension. See also 3. 03. 3.0312 Bffect of teat temperature on tenslle properties of
3.0211 Streaastraln diagrams. See 3,0311. forgings annealed at two temperatures, Pig. 3.0312.
3.0212 Average and spread of longitudinal tenslle properties. 3.0313 Bffect of teat temperature and anneallng temperalllre
for mW annealed sheet of various tblclr:neaaea, Pig. on tensile properties of duplex ~ed bar stock,
3.0212. Fig. 3. 0313.
3.021~ Average and spread of transverse tenslle prop!rties 3.0314 Bffect ol teat temperature on tenaUe properties of 1450P
for mW annealed sbeet of various tblclr:neaaea, Pig. mW annealed sheet, Pig. 3. 0314
3.0213. 3.0315 Bffect of teat temperature on tenslle properties of
3.0214 Influence of various reannealing cycles on tensile duplex annealed sheet from five beats, Pig. 3. 0315.
properties of 13SOP mW annealed sheet, Pig. 3.0214. 3.0316 Bffect of teat temperature on two beats of triplex
3.0215 Influence of various reanneallng cycles on tenslle proper annealed oheet, Pig. 3. 0316.
des of 1450P mW annealed abeet, Pig. 3.0215. 3.0317 Bffect of low temperatures on tenslle properties of
3.0216 Influence of aging temperalllre and solution treadog 1350P mW annealed sheet, Pig. 3.0317.
temperature on tenslle properties of abcet, Pig. 3. 0216. 3.0318 Bffect of exposure and tea~ temperature on tenslle
3.0217 Bffect of elevated temperature air exposure on tenslle properties of 1450P mW annealed sheet, Fig. 3.0318.
properties of duplex annealed bar, Pig. 3,0217. 3.0319 Bffect of elevated temperature exposure dme under
3.0218 Btf6ct of el!vated temperature exposure wltb and wltbout stress on tensU~ properties and mW annealed abcet
stress 011 tenslle properties of duplex annealed sbeet, at room temperature and SSOP, Pig. 3.03719.
Pig. 3.0218. 3.03191 Bffect ol eleevated temperature exposure under stress
3.022 Compression. See 3.0322. on tenslle properties ol duplex annealed elleet at several
3.0221 Stresaatraln diagrams temperatures, Pig. 3.03191.
3.023 bnpact. See 3. 033. 3.032 Compresalon
3.024 Bending 3,0321 Stress-strain diagrams
3.025 Torsion and shear 3.0322 Bffect of teat temperature on compressive yield strength
3.026 Bearing. See 3. 036. of mlll annealed sheet, Pig. 3. 0322.
3.027 Stress concentration 3.033 bnpact
3.0271 Notch properties. See Also 3.0371. 3.0331 Bffect of teat temperature and hot rolling temperature
3.02711 Sharp notch properties of mW annealed sheet, Table on Impact strength of hot rolled bar, Pig. 3.0331.
3.02711. 3.034 Bending
3.035 Torsion and shear
3.0351 Bffect of teat temperature on shear strength of bar
duplex annealed at various temperatures, Pig. 3.0351.
3.036 Bearing
3.0361 Bffect of teat temperature on bearing properties of
mW annealed abeet, Pig. 3.0361.
3.037 Stress concentration
Fty. ksl 3.0371 Notch properties
NOtch stren 3.03711 Elfect of teat temperature and anneallna temperature
on notch projlerdea ol duplex annealed bar, Pig.
3.03711.
3.03712 Bffect of teat temperature on notch properties of 1350P
mW annealed sheet, Pig. 3.t'3712,
3.03713 Effect of teat ten,,..,rature and sheet tblclr:nesa on notch
properties Jf J85Ul' duplex .nnealed sheet, Pig.
3. 02712 Sharp notch properties of mW and duplex annealed sheet, 3.03713.
Table 3.02712.
TABLR 3.02712
5
Allov Tt8AI1MoIV
Onrm 0.032in s~t
'Cnndition Mill onn 14! OF. 8hr. FC Lal. ann J850F 5 min AC + 1375F 15m in AC Mill ant !.~ F S min. AC + 1375F- 15 minAC
Dtr~ctinn L T L T L- T
Ftu ksi 147 145 141 138 141 138
Ftj" ksi 139 137 130 127 130 127
~ In) - p-!rcent 15 IS 10 ,10 10 10
Notch strengthksi 79 74 125 123 132 12.1
Kc ltsl 'fiii' (a) 138 137 >225 >225 >22:5 >225
(a) Nominal
t I~ . i ~r~:.;:;::;ion 3.03714 Bffect of low teat tern pe rature on notch properties or

_l
(
4
1 T 1
Slow
Cracked after A1:LH'dl 3.03715
1800P duplex annealed sheet, Pig, 3.03714.
Effect of low teat temperature on notch properties of
q-.1encbed and aged sheet, Pig. 3.03715,
Center Fatigue Crack S;>ecir.len

CODE 3709
PAGE 3
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE.; MARCH 1966

3.03716 Bffect of test temperature on sharp notch strength of
Ti duplex annealed sheet from three heats, Pig. 3.03716.
3.03717 Bffect of test temperature on nomlnal fracture toughness
8 AI of three heats d. duplex annealed sheet, Pig. 3. 03717.
3.03718 Bffect of crack length on sharp notch propenJes of
Mo triplex annealed sheet at sewral temperatures,
Pig. 3. 03718.
v 3.03719 Bffect of reanneallng temperature on the -110P sharp notch
pr<>penles of duplex annealed sheet, Pig. 3. 03719.
3.037HO BffecL !lf cooilng rate from reanneallng temperature
on -HOP sharp notch properties of duplex annealed
sheet, Pig. 3,037110.
3.037111 Bffect of exposure and test temperature on sharp notch
properties of mill annealed sheet, Pig. 3,037111.
3.037112 Bffect d. exposure and test temperature on sharp notch
propenles of duplex annealed sheet, Pig. 3.037H2.
3.037H3 Bffect of thickness and elevated temperature exposure
on sharp notch strength of duplex annealed sheet,
Pig. 3,037113.
3.037114 Bffect of room temperature stretcblng on -110P sharp
notch properties of duplex annealed sheet, Pig. 3.037H4.
3.0372 Fracture toughness. The fracture tougl:meas of annealed
sheet Is wry hlgh at room temperature and above, At
subzero temperature the toughness of duplex annealed
sheet Is superior to thst d. mill annealed sheet (compare
Pigs. 3.0371H with Pig. 3.037112). In general rapid
cooling from temperatures abow about 1350P Is neceasary
for development of optimum combinations of strength
and toughness (eg. see Pigs. 3,037HO). Howewr, tbe
benefits of this rapid cooling are lost If the alloy Is
heated for long periods of time at elevated lemperature.
(See Pig. 3. 02714). Room temperature stretcblng
reduces the low temperature toughness of sheet (see
Pig. 3, 037114). Plane attain fracture toughness dar"
Is not yet available, (see also 1.09).
3.038 Combined properties
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Pro(!!!rties
3.041 Creep deformation curves for mill and duplex annealed
sheet, Pig. 3.041.
3.042 0.1 percent creep deformation curves for duplex annealed
sheet at 450 to 650P, Pig. 3.042.
3.043 Isochronous stress-strain curves for mill annealed
sheet, Pig. 3.043.
3.044 Creep properties at various temperatures for mill and
duplex annealed sheet, Table 3.044.

TABLE 3 044.
~-- ~4)(Z_l
Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V
Fom1 0. 056 to 0. 080 In thick
~'!"
Creep Str..ss 550F
Mill
800P
A U<tlP ~ Rh'
900F
'Pr.
IOOOP
1l!S p _S_min. _At ... l.llXIE. r;
1100P lll).lfl 900P lOOOP HOOP
and Temll- P 67 ksi 65 ksl 45 ksi 25 ksi 10 ksi 651:si 45 ksi 25bl 10 ksi
Total Oelonnation
Percent In
1511hrs
1000 hrs
- 0.36 0.92 2.48 4.82 0.14 0.28 o.:;2
0.032 2.18
12000 hrs 0.032

3.045 Creep properties at various tempera1ures for duplex

annealed bar, Table 3, 045.

TABLE 3 045
Source (1)
llov n-8Al-1Mo-IV
onn 1/2 In dla bar
ondition 1650F lhr AC + HOOF 8hr AC 1800P lhr AC + HOOF 81trd AC _l 1950P Ihr AC + llOOP 81tr. AC
Stress - l:si
at temp
SSOF lOOOP 11001' 8SOP lOOOF HOOF SSOF
frotal Def. In lSOhr OOOP 11MP

---
p.2 percent 50 15 50 (13) 4 (70) 25 (20)
p.5 percent
--
--
60 20 60 24
.0 percent - 28 - 30
8
12
45
-
0 Value extrapolated.

3.046 Cret'p rupture properties for duplex annt!aled bar and

forgings, Pig. 3.046.
3.047 Creep properties at two temperatures for compression
forging, Table 3.04;:.

TAIILE 3 047
I !;n,.,.,,.
1
Allnv Ti-8AI-1MolV
I Form 21 In dla x I !L2 In Ccmpressor~~
Direction
R>dlal
Condition 16SOF, 1 hr, AC 1850F, 1 hr, AC 1850F, 1 hr, WQ 18SOP, 1 hr, WQ
+HOOF 8 hr AC +HOOF 8 hr. AC +HOOF. 8 hr. AC _+ 131.5.E.. I min. i.r.
Creep stress 900P lOOOP 900F lOOOF 900F lOOOP 900F
lam 45 ksl 25 l:sl 45 l:si 25 kal 45 l:sl 25kal sbl ~;.
ToL&I deforn1atlon O,.i9 0.18 0.29 0.20 0.31 0.16 0.28 0,15
I P"rcenl In 150 hr

CODE 3709
PAGE 4
REVISED MARCI'i 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

4. FABRICATION
3.05 Fatlsue Properties
3.051 Axial load fatigue properties of duplelO annealed sheet 4.01 Formablll!y
Ti
at low and elevated temperarure, Flg. 3.051. 4.011 General. Forming practices for this alloy are similar 8
~.052 Axlal1oad notch fatigue properties ol duplex annealed to those ci other alpha rich tltanlums. Tile b.=ta transus
AI
sheet at low and elevated temperatUres, .Flg. 3. 052. of thla all<>y Is blgber than TI6Al-4V, and this permits
3.053 Axial load sharp notch fatigue properties of duplex
Mo
higher bot work temperatures. Pin lab working tempera c
annealed sheet at room and elevated temperarure, Fig.
3.053.
tures above the beta transus (aproxlmately 1900F) produce
coarser grain size than Is characteristic of flnlshlng
v
3.054 Rotating beam fatigue properties of mill and duplex below the bets tranaus. (See 1.09). Sheetformlng Ia more
annealed bar, Table 3.054. dlUlcult than In Tl-6AI-4V, and for severe operations
forming temperatures between 132SP and 137SP are re-
TABLE3 054 quired, (3).
Source I 4.012 Hot sizing 1450F, (5).
Allov TI-RAI-IUn-IV 4.013 Pnrglng. Starting temperature 1950P maximum. Plnlsh
Form !lor lng temperature 1800P mlnlmum and !900P maximum, (1),
Condition Method Stress Stress Fatigue strength - 4.0131 Tensile properties for duplex annealed bar upset forged
Ratio Cone ksl, at cycles at 1850 to 1950F, Table 4.0131.
A R !aS Jo6 107
Ann,1400F, 24 br,
AC
Rot
Beam
-I Smooth
Kt I
97 86
- 91-
82
- Source
.m
TABLE 4 0131
IBOOF, 4 br, AC,
IOOOF, 24hr, AC
103 - AITiiV
Form
TI-8AI1Mo-l V
3 In long quarter sectloo ol 9 l/2 In rowxl
axial upset to 3i4 In
3.055 Axial load fatigue properties of duplex annealed sheet
at elevated temperablres, Table 3,055.
Unset temo
Dlmlex anneal a
Radial and tang.
Average of proper
' 1650 F
1850 F
1800 F lMOF
l!ISO F
1800 F

ties at center:-
TABLE 3 055 Ftu- ksl !51 141 138 142
Source (27 F - ksl 139 128 124 124
Alloy TI-8Al!Mo-IV ~e<7o) percenl
- 16 17 12 IS
Form -- RA- percent
Condition "n
0.050 In sheet
8 hr FC + 1450F 30 min AC - 24 34
(a) lndicotcd temp I hr. AC + 1100 F, 8 br, AC.
21 31

Temp- F Method Stress Fatigue strength - ksl

Ratio Stress at c 'Clcs
A R Cone 104 105 I of! 107 4.014 Rolling. Fllllsh rolling temperature for sheet. Is normally
RT 0.1 Notch 80 r.o 45 40 about J800P, however, special rolling schedules may use
Direct a different temp~>rature lin order to Improve stress
400 K=2 74 48 43 40
&.ress corrosion resistance.
650 (a) 67 45 42 40
RT
Direct
-o.s 58 40 34 28 4.02 Machining and Grinding
400 50 39 34 28
Machlnes slmUar to TI6AI-4V but requires stress relief,
!hess
bSO 45 38 34 28 (see 1.054), (3).
RT Direct 0.1 Smooth 145 102 99 90
400 Ka I 125 97 90 85 4.03 Welding
!hess
650 !OS 95 90 85 4.031 General. Sheet Ia readily welded by theTIG process using
RT -o.s 120 83 75 72 a parent alloy filler and the welds have high joint eUI
Direct clencles, (4)(7). Resistance welding Is readily accomplish
400 94 70 65 63
Stress ed providing care Is taken tn Insure the facing surfaces are
650 87 70 60 58
clean at the time of welding, (46). For thick sections the
(a) For specimen see Fig. 3. 057 MIG process has been successfully employed, although
experience with welding ol thick sections of this alloy Ia
very limited as yet, (47).
4.032 Stress relief. Stress relief beat treatments should not
3,056 Effect of elevated temperarure stress exposure on be carried out In the temperature range between 1000 and
the I oS cycle fatigue strength of duplex annealed sheet 1200P In order to avoid loss In fracture toughness as
at room and elevated temperatures, Fig. 3. 056. well as Increased sensitization of the weld metal and
3,057 Effect of elevated temperature stress exposure on the parent metal to strea corrosion, see 1.054. In fusion
105 cycle notch fatigue strength of duplex annealed sheet welding of sheet a preheat of SOOP bas been found benefl
at room and elevated temperatures, Fig. 3. 057. clal In n.duclng residual stress, (48).
4.033 Effect of test temperature and reanneaUng on tensile
3.06 Elastic Properties properties of welded sheet, Fig. 4. 033.
3.061 Poisson's ratio
3.062 Modulus of elasticity
3,0621 Tensile modulus of elasticity for duplex annealed sheet 4.04 Heat Treatment
at low and elevated temperatures, Fig. 3.0621. See Tl, commercially pure.
3.0622 Tensile modulus of elasticity at various temperatures
for annealed bars and sheet, Fig. 3. 0622. 4.05 Sudace Treatment
3.0623 Compression modulus for mill annealed sheet at various See TI6Al-4V,
temperatures, Fig. 3.0623.
3.063 Modulus ol rigidity
3.064 Compress! ve tangent modulus at various temperatures for
mill annealed sheet, Fig. 3.064.
3.065 Compressive secant modulus at various 1emperatures for
mill annealed sheet, Fig. 3. 065,

CODE 3709
PAGE 5
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966
j,'
'
t.'
[
'" Ti il8A11Mo~1V
, TI8AI-1Mo1V
L)
AS ROLLED BAR
I SHEtr.
8 AI I 8 HR, FC + HSOF, 15 Mill, AC
Mo l
I
v ~
0.9 -
-~- I r'}---
0.8 -~~----~
, \ g~1TEDG1.AM
D1~am
, \ I j_
0.7 ~ " \ - - -~~~(:;.~ILE _ ... -- ...

EAVY \ I \
~Q \ \

FIG. 2.013
TEMP F
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY (I) ..
~='i~--
'
,
.
0 1000 HR
-~ 5000 HR
e FAILED DURI~
1
1
<1000 HR
T\ \

0.050 IN SELF STRESS ' II I ',.

SPEC (29)(b)
1

!
'
'j ;.
500 550 600
7 0 BXPOSURE TBMP F
T!8A11Mo-1V
BAR FIG. 2,0321 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE AND TIME ON
HR, AC SOLID SALT STRESS CORROSION OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
SHEET (29X30)
(a) Exposed 40 kslplusroom temperaiUl'e tension to
det:ermille F tu' ...............
(b) Exposed SO l:sl 5000 hours plus room tentperaiUl'e
corn pression to det:ermille shortenq .6. to ranure.

f.O 0!,----,400~--~800~-....,.,1200~---,1~600
TBMP F

FJCl, 2.014 THERMAL I!XPANS10N (1)

1.0 -------- .-------t- I

0.8
i

0.6

90 TI8AI1Mo1V
AS ROLLED DAR O.f

,......
BLBCTR1CAL
~

10 100 1000
RBSJSTIVlTY
70 I ACCUMUl.ATED EXPOSURE. HR
0 400 800 1200 FIG. 2.0322 EFFECT OF CYCLIC HEATIN3 ON SOLID SALT CORROSION SUSCEPTI-
TBMP F BILITY OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET (29)
FIG. 2.022 BLBCTRICAL RBSISTIVrrY (a) Exposed at SSOF pluaroom temperaiUl'e compression to determine
(1) shortenq .6. io failure.

CODE 3709
PAGE 6
 Ti
:.. E ~I:;:::! MARCH o96G NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
8 AI
Mo
v
80 - .

60 - .

40 -.

10 100 1000
TIME TO FAII..URE - MIN
FIG, 2,0331 DELAYED FAILURE CURVES IN 3 1/Z PERCENT SALT SOLtmON
FOR MILL AND DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET (36X41)

\, -" 200 TI-BAI-IMo-IV

I
4 HEATS
MILL ANN, 1450 F, 4 HR
180 200
L 200 !Tt-8Al-1Mo-IV 1
PTU 4 HEATS
:t MILL ANN, 1450 F, of HR
iil 160 180
180 ~~----1-----1-----4-----~200
--~
II(
T
::::>
..!"" -1

- t:t
140 ~----~--r-_,180
~ 160 ~~----~------

120
PTY
I l 140 ~-+----_, ______ r-----~----~160_

I AVG AND SPREAD, 4 HEATS FTY 1 ~

~~--~--~ --r-~
t--+--~P'-----t--+--..::;....-;140 ...
1 ~
- 4-
20 20
120
. ~
e(2 IN)
f AVG AND SPREAD, 4 HEATS

,
~-+---~- 120
e(Z IN) IT I
.. _ ll l
0
o. 020 o. 040 o. 060 0.080 0. 100 0,020 0,040 Q.OW 0.080 0.100
SHEET THICKNESS - IN SHEET. THICKN255 IN

FIG. 3. 0212 AVERAGE AND SPREAD OF LO~ITL"DINAL TEN FIG. 3.0213 AVERAGE AND SPREAC OF Tlti\1\SVERSE
SILE PROPERTIES FOR MILL ANNEALED SHEET TENSILE PROPERTII!S FOR MILL ANNEALED
OF VARIOUS THICKNESSES (4) SHEET OF VARIOUS THICKNESSES (4)

. i.:~oE 3709
'----~-------1
PAGE 7
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

180
TI8AI1Mo1V
0. 056 IN SHEET
'W
MILL ANN
160 1450 F HR AC
FTU T

140
L:---a.. - ~
e AS MILL ANN
120 C REANN 1/2 HR, AC _
160 t - - - I!. REANN 1/4 HR, AC
A REANN + 1100 F, 8 HR

u; _..,_
:.: 140
~~
120 ~TY ~ _l_
120
100
20 20

!2 !2
Ill Ill
"'
.
t.l
0::
Ill
10
..
t.l
0::
Ill
10
e(2 IN)
0
1200 1400 1600
0
1800 2000 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
ANNEAL TEMP F ANNEAL TEMP F
FIG. 3. 0214 INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS REANNEAL~ FIG. 3.0215 INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS REANNEALU:
CYCLI!S ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF 1350 F CYCLES ON THE TENSILE PROPERTIES
MILL ANNEALED SHEET (8X4) OF 1450 F MILL ANNEALED SJiEET (4)

200
TI8AI MolV
0. 063 IN SHEET
ST, 5 MIN, WQ
+ 16 HR, AGE
_180 200
"'
:.:
:::>
ctl60 180-
[o'.l
FTU
>-
140 160 tt"
FTY

120
20 140

!2Ill
.. t.l
0::
Ill
10

FIG. 3.0216 INFLUENCE OF AGllll:; TEMPER

ATURE AND SOLUTION TREATIN3
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTII!S OF SHEET (4)

CODE 3709
PAGE 8
 Ti
REVISEC MARCH l!i66 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

M r.T~I~-8~A~l~-l~M7o--7.1V~-.--~.-----,
1 1
wo.-~-r----~--~----~
-1Mo-1V Ti
Ti-8A
3/41N SQBAR 0,050 IN SHEET
1450F, 8 HR, FC ; 8 AI
----r-
1825F, I HR, OQ
i
.. + IIOOJ71 HR.! A~ wo 160
+ 1450F, 15 MIN, AC
Mo

_FTIJ .. ---~.::-... 180

v

~=~~ 160
lil
).:
0

[-
120 - j. . l
- .; . ... TIME 140
EXPOSURE - HR
100 1000
100 e 0 AS EXPOSED
8 ..uN~Wjl.I;.Ql,.r....-t120
60 t-""'t..--~--'''-'\--1'1~
REMOVED
! FOR SPECIMEN SEE FIG,3,02714

EXPOSURE TIME - HR
20 FIG, 3,02713 EFFECT OF STRESS RELIEF
TEMPERATURE AND TIME ON
SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES OF
e(11N) DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET
(40)
0':-=-'U~.L---.1----.1-------1
RT 900 1000 1100 1200
EXPOSURE TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0217 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
AIR EXPOSURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF DUPLEX ANNEAL.ED BAR (31)

{ 180 r.T:::-I_-;:8-:-:Al:-:-l:TM:-o-:-1::-V--r----r-- --r-----,

'....
0.050 IN SHEET
1450F, 8 HR, FC
160 + 1450F IS .MIJ:II,.. T
SOOF

180 r=~~~~~,~---~~----T- --~ 200

TI-8AI-1Nio-IV
1
0.050 IN SHEET
1450F, 8 HR, FC 1
160 ~!:! -~~IN, A
I T
- ------ IM

! FTU
140
,c:EXPOSURE i-~ii>"- F '='- -r- ----- -- 160 lil
).:
100

400 500 650 i

0 ,\ NOSTR~
e 40 KSI 80
120 . ------ ------- 140

L...--~~==t=9
120 60

10,000
EXPOSURE TIME-HR. EXPOSURE TIME- HR

FIG, 3,0218 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE EXPOSURE FIG. 3.02714 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
Wtn-1 AND WITHOUT STRESS ON TENSILE PROPERTIES EXPOSURE ON SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES
OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET (40) OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET (40)

rcm;E 3709
PAGE 9
Ti
NONFERROUS.ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

,.
Tl8AI1M o1V
0.050 INSHBBT
200
n-8AI1M o-1V .\......_, )
21 INDIA x 1 1/2 IN FORGING
MD..L ANN, 14SO F, 8 HR, PC
DUPLEX ANN RADIAL DIR ON
160 200

- 600F lil
=-:
0 120
Iii
=-:

I - J 160

~F
J
( /
80
120

I /

Lv
<tO
80
L e 1650 F, I HR, AC + 1100 F, 8 HR, AC
0 1850 F, 1 HR, AC + 1100 F, 8 HR, AC

I v 0
80
I

v
RA

~
u
<tO
e(liN)

0
m
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0
STRAIN IN PBR IN 0 200 600 800 1000
FIG. 3.03111 STRI!SS STRAIN CURVBS FOR MlLL ANNEALBO TEMP F
SHBBT
AT BLEVATBD TBMPBRATURBS (13) FIG. 3. 0312 BFFBCT OF TEST TBMFBRATURB ON TBNSILB
PROPERTIES OF FORGIM:JS ANNEALBO AT TWO
TEMP.I!RATURBS (14)

ANN, 1 HR, AC + 1100 F, 8 HR, AC

20 i=
"'
Iii <tO
:.0: e 1650 P ANN, 1/4 TO 1 3/4 JN CIA
0 1800 F ANN, 1/4 IN CIA
11 1950 F ANN, 1/4 IN CIA
80
-RA
~
u
--- ~40)

...=40
-- ---
---
200 400 600 800
TEMP F
STRAIN IN PER IN FIG. 3. 0313 BFFBCT OF TEST TBMFBRATURB AliD ANNEALO
FIG. 3.03112 STRBSSSTRAIN CURVES AT BLBVATBD TEMPERA O
TURE FOR TEMP.I!RATURB ON TBNSlLI! PROPBRTIBS OF DU
DUPLEX ANNEALED li!BBT (25) PLBX ANNEALBO BAR STOCK (I)

CODE 3709
PAGE 10
 Ti
REVISEO,MARCH1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
8 AI
Mo
v

60
~ 20 t---1---1---1------'f--~

~ 10 k---~~----~~~--~600~----~~~--~~~~
TBMP- F

FIG. 3. 031' EFFECT OF TEST TI!MPERATURE ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF 1450F MILL ANNEALED SHEET
(4)

~~----r-----~--~~T~I--SA~I~-1-M-o--1-V~
0, 025 TO 0. 050 IN SHEET
1450F, 8 HR, PC
180 + 45 F 5

160

140
lil
:w:

~
"'
100

80
SPREAD FOR
5 HEATS
60

TEMP- F
FIG. 3,0315 EFFECT OF TEST TI!MPBRATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES CF DUPLEX ANNBALBD SHEET FRQ.I
FIVE HEATS (25)(26)
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE D MARCH 1966

280
Ti Ti-8Ai-1M o-1V
0.096 IN SHEET
8 AI \ MILL ANN,135 0 F, 8 HR
240
Mo
v
Ei 200
'\
240
~c '\ FTU

~
:::>
u:- 160 i\.

~ " 'e.
200-
l.2
FTY
t-....
120 160 J
'-
eL

~
OT
so
20 120

~
Ill
C)
g:
le
10
? e(2 IN)
~

c
0
-400 -200 0 200
TEMP- F

FIG. 3.0317 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPER ATURES

0:-1 TENSILE PROPERTIES OF 1350 F
MILL ANNEALED SHEET (9)

180
TI-8Al-1M o-IV
0.025 IN SHEET
I
MILL ANN,I4SOF, 8 HH, FC
160 EXPOSED ST9f, ~? KSI i.
i STU L
;
I
140
v; 0 - -
>.: r-F
I TY I
!
120 ~--
i :
I e
I
I
FTU""!

100 i :. ------
_ 120 W~-4----l---......:l~....;;;>4::--.--l iI F
TY/
.' I

I
l.2 80 I
20
"'
>.:
IQ
120 .,.. (

u:- I!Ill e(2 IN)

'
C)
g:
10 -- --
i - --
Ill
0.. TESTED AT
0 RT I
e SSOF I
0
0 10,000 20,000 30,000
EXPOSURE TIME - HR
FIG. 3.0319 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
FIG. 3.0318 EFFECT OF EXPOOURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE AND EXPOSURE TIME UNDER STRESS ON
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF 1450 F MILL TENSILE PROPERTIES OF MILL ANNEALED
ANNEALED SHEET SHEET AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AND SSOF
(10)
(24)

CODE 3709
PAGE 12
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

180 r------r----~~----~-----r----~ Ti
TI8AI-1Mo-1V
0,050 IN SHEET
1450F, 8 HR, FC j 8 AI
160 ; 1450F F ~!N, A Mo
v
140 i
: 400F

0
120 -200 0 200 400 600
'650F TEMP F
I

tOO FIG. 3. 0331 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND

S--;-E------4.-------1-----+----l
__
160 1--E-X_PO HOT ROLLINJ TEMPERATURE ON IM
PACT STREJ)[;T}f OF HOT ROLLED BAR
e .... 1000 HR\AT 2~ KSI (1)
~, ~. \5000 HR I _j I
140 .;,.;o -j.. T FTY
J~---
I
..:.~:r__ _
. 120
I I
Tl8Al1Mo-IV
1/2 INDIA BAR
ANN, 1 HR AC + 1100 F, 8 HR, AC
!- 120 100

100
400F

~ 80
I~ ~ Fsu

80
20
650F

60 ANN TEMP
"""' ~k- -
e 1650 F
0 1800 F
40 6 1950 F
0 200 400 600 800 1000 0 200 400 600 800 1000
EXPOSURE TEMP - F TEMP F

FIG, 3,03191 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE EXPOSURE FIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OF TEST Tr.."\\PERATURE ON SHEAR
\.., ... ,, IJNDER STRESS ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX STRENGTH OF BAR DI.JI'LE.':' ANNEALED AT
ANNEALED SHEET AT SEVERAL TEMPERATURES VARIOUS TEMPERATURES (I)
(27)

200
Tl-8Al-1MoIV
0. U49 IN Sli EET
MILL ANN, 1450F, 8 1-IR
0 .....
!b

u
\
Fe~
0 "'-''\
0 400
TEMP
RUO
F
1200" !bOO
60L---.i__ _.J.__ _.J.__---i
0 400 800
TEMP F
1200 1600

FIG. 3. 0361 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON

FIG. 3. U322 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA'I1JRE
ON COMPRESSIVE YIELD STREI'K;TH BEARll'Kl PROPERTIES OF MILL AN
NEALED SHEET (4)
OF MILL ANNEALED StJEET (4)

CODE 3709
PAGE 13
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

300 ,--,----,r--:T;:;I-,-BA;rr_-;1M=o-,-l;;V;"1
Ti
SHEJrr
8 AI 1850 P, 5 MIN, AC
+1100 P, 8 HR, AC
I Mo ~ r-~---+~TH~KX~~N~~~~
e 0.025 IN
I v 0 0.050 IN
1!:.. 0.080 IN
2 ~ r--t~~~~NOT==~CH~~~~~
0

.. ~.......
40
~
~
~}K6
r0.0051N

100 L--~400*n~r--~200~---~o--~200~
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMP- P TEMP- F
PIG. 3.03711 BPFECT OF TI!ST TEMPERATURE AND AN- FIG. 3.03713 BPFBCr OF TI!ST TEMPERA-
NBAL!Ki TBMPBRATURE ON NOTCH PROPER- TURE AND SHEET THICKN~
TIES OP DUPLEX ANNEALED BAR (1) !>N NOTCH PROPERTIES OP
USO F DUPLEX ANNEALED
SffEET (II)

300~~---~-~T=I~-~8A~-1M~o--~1V~
300 TI-8AI-1Mo-1V 0.0621N SHEET
0.062 INSHE 1800 F, 5 MIN, AC
ANN,I350 F, 8 HR
260 t--+--''\--+-u_oo_P::...'..,.s_H_n.:..'_A_c"'-f
260 L
L

220

~
180

1~1---+---+----+---"'-f

~~.~:I~
~ 0.005 6
IOOL--~~~~0~~00~25~~~8-_J
-400 -200 0 200
TEMP- P

FIG. 3. 03714 EFFECT OF LOW TI!ST TEMPERA-

FIG. 3.03712 BPFECT OF TEST TBMPBRATURE TURE ON NOTCH PROPERTIES
ON NarCH PROPERTIES OF 1350 F OP 1800 F DUPLEX ANNEALED
MILL ANNEALED SHBBT (4) SHEET (4)(14)

CODE 3709
PAGE 14
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I
-._./
I 300
T18AI1Mo1V
0.0621NSHEET
200
T Tl8Al1Mo-1V
SHEBT
Ti
1825 F, 5 MIN, WQ 1850 P, 5 MIN, AC
+ 1000F, BHR -1:1375 P, lS MIN, AC
8 AI
260 160
L ~ Mo

220
t!
~
120
NOI'CH ~ PTY T v
...
y ~
~

J'1

i2 180 80
I I -.:
~
TH1CKNBSS - IN
0.025 0.050

oe
~}HEAT
m ~~-
40 6.&
140 200 o

r
-.f'21
-
~ .
100 160
r IN
0.020 } ... y
CBNTER FATIGUE
0.005 6
0.0025 8
t!
~
I ~
CRACK, CRACKED
60 120 APTER ANN
400 200 0 200 NO SLOW CRACK
TI!MP- F
i'A;I1JRi TOUGHirSS MEASURED

PIG. 3.03715 EPPECr OF LOW TI!SI" TEMPERA

80 I
TURE ON NOI'CH PROPERTlllS OF -200 0 200 400 600 800
QUENCH liD AND AGIID SHEET
(4)(5) TI!MP P
PIG. 3.03717 EPPBCT OF TI!ST TI!MPBRAnJRI! ON NOMINAL
PRACnJRB TOUGHNESS OF THREE HEATS OF
DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET (16)

200
Ti-8AI1MoIV
0.050 IN SHEBT
14SOP, 8 HR, FC
180 + 1450P ISM

160

140

Iii
~

120

100
CENTER FATIGUE CRACKjHT BEFORE
CRACK1r.a:; ~
80
80
~
60L-----~----~----~----~----~

60 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

-200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 2ao/W
TI!MP P PIG. 3.03718 EFFECT OF CRACK LEr.a:;TH ON THE SHARP
PIG. 3. 03716 EFFECT or: TEST TBMPBRATl.JRE ON SHARP NOTCH NOTCH PROM!RTIBS OF TRIPLBX ANNEALIID
STREr.a:;TH OF DUPLEX ANNEAt.ED SHEET 1'RG.I SHEET AT SEVERAL TI!MPERATURI!S
(26) (22)
THREE HEATS

CODE 3709
PAGE 115
I I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

Ti ~r-----~----~------~T=.,~.~~-n~I,I~M~D--~lV~
0.020 i.N 5HEET
8 AI MILL ANN 1450 F, 8 HR
180
I Mo

~~ 120 L

i

.A.
140 ~~
~- -~
_CEI'ITER CRACK SPE!1
!CRACK AFTER HT

~
I
+---
' NOTCH !
I
I
IT# r <0.0007

--- r --- -- .i-

1

6QI,__ _l._ _J __ _t _ _ _ - ' - - - - - 1 FIG. 3.037111 EFFECT OF EXPOOURE AND TESr TEMPERA
1300 1400 1500 TURE ON SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES OF MILL
1600 1700 1800 ANNEALED SHEET (10)
REANNEAL TEMP F
FIG, 3.03719 EFFECT OF REANNEALI!IC TEMPERA'11JRE
ON THE llOF SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES OF
IlUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET (40)

180
Tlf.AI-IMoIV
0,040 IN SHEET
1450F, 8 HR, FC 200
+ 1450F, iS MIN, AC
+1450F,t5MIN, COO!- T09.~ T
160 :_I - - ---- --
FTY
I
140 AVG L, T
100 120
~~NOTCH L

...
80 ~--
0 II OF
0
I=
<
80
1.2

10~ 0 "'i5
iI~
i
~ 1.0
60
,_...... ---l- ---;- ! " ~
FOR SPECIMEN, SEE FIG. 3.03719
I
~ 0.8
'
I I i i 0.

"' r < 0,001

10 100 1000 ;; 0.6
115 -400 200 0 200 400 600 800
COOLING TIME TO 900F MIN
TEMP F
FIG. 3,037110 EFFECT OF COOLING RATE FROM REANNEALING FIG. 3.037112
TEMPERATURE ON THE 110F SHARP NOTCH EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TI!ST TEMPERA'I1JRE ON
PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET (40) SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
SHEET (17)(18)

CODE 3709
PAGE 16
/"
""'""''
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

180
Ti
8 AI
1W Mo
v
140

120

1()()

u ":1 NOT EXPOSED

't' 2Xl'OSED650P,
80 1000 HR, 25 KSI
(SPECIMEN CRACKiiD APTER EXPOSURE I
p KSI I I i
R ~ .
60 1 OF 1 0
() 0.04 o.o8 O.l.~ 0.16 0.20 0,24
THICKNESS IN
PIG. 3,03?113 EFFECT OF THICKNESS AND ELBVATBD TBMPBRATURE
EXPOSURE ON SHARP NOTCH STRENGTH OF DUPLEX
lNNBALBD SHEBT (26)

\
0.11\',

200
Tl8AI:1Mo1V
o. 060 IN SHEET
1450P, 8 IIR, PC
r8o ..ill.!l..f, ~-IN'-~ ----- --

160
- ~
PTU

p-PTY
- - MILL ANN, 1450 P, 8 HR
- - - 18SOP, SMIN, AC +137SP,I/4HR.A

~
140
i_f CI)
CENTER CRACK SPECIMEN
2: i260t---t- -l----t--t-- --t--+----+ -l

FATIGUE CRACKED AFTER

STRETCHING.
100 I I -
! I
!
r'... j_NO~Il -.
80

""'- :-.... I
60 T i 0.11\',
0 6 10
0I.~---~~~-
0 10 --~~~---
100 ~~~--~~
1000 10000
PLASTIC STRAIN PERCENT TIME HR
FIG. 3.037114 EFFECT OF ROOM TEMPERATURE STRETCIIING
ON II OF SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX FIG. 3. 041 CREEP OI!PORMATION CURVES FOR MILL AND OUPLI!X
ANNEALED SHEET (49) ANNEALED SHEET (13)

CODE 3709
PAGE 17
 I I

NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1
W~T~l"~'B~A1~--1M-o--~1V~----~--~-----,
Ti 100 ~----~~------~~------~~ \_)
I
8 AI
0,050 IN SHEET
1450F, 8 HR, FC
+ 1450F, 15 MIN, AC
I TI8A1-1 V-1Mo
BAR, FORGING
ANN, 1 HR, AC
Mo
v --t-- +1100 , 80R24 R

5SOF Iii 60
:.:
6SOP ANN TEMP
e 0 1650P
6 1850 p
60 L - - - . . l . . . . . - l . . - - - - - L - . L - - - . . 1
10 100 1000 10,000
40 1950 p

TIME- HR 1/2 IN DlA BAR, 1100 P, 24 HR (1)

0.11. 31 IN DlA x 1 1/2 IN FORGINO
PIG. 3,042 0.1 PBRCENT CREBP DEFORMATION 1100 P, 8 HR (14)
CURVES FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED
SHEBT AT 450 TO 6SOP (25) 20
10 100 1000
TIMB- HR
FIG. 3. 046 CREEP RUPIURB PROPERTIES FOR DUPLEX
ANNEALED BAR AND FORGING (1)(14)

160 r---~~~-~~~--~------r
-~
TI8A11 Mo-1V
0.040 IN SHEET
1850 P, 5 MIN, AC
+ 1375 P, 15 MIN, AC

u;120
:.:

100 HR

SOOHR

1000 HR

0.012 0.016 o. 020

STRAIN - IN PBR IN
CYCLES TO FAILURE
PIG. 3.043 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STRAIN' CURVES
FOR PIG. 3.051 AXIAL LOAD FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX
MILL ANNEALED SHEET (13) ANNEALED
ilHEET AT LOW AND ELI!VATEOTEMPERATURBS
(IS)

CODE 3709
PAGE - 18
I
I'
Ti
REVISED: MARCH 1966
NONFERROUS ALLOYS
r:
\
!
I
'018Al lMolV Ti
' 100
0. 040 lN SHEET
1850 P, 5 MiN. AC 8 AI
+ 1375 P, 15 MIN. AC
I Mo
80 TBSTTE MP P
0 110
e RT
lil
~

i=
I v
550
i
Pmf25 KSl e
!
~<
IJ.
"'
Ill
..l
~
tJ
,~

lo4 105 lrf>

CYCLES TO FAILUR E
DUPLEX
PIG. 3.052 AXIAL LOAD NOTCH PATIGUB PROPERTIES OF 60
800
A"JURE 600
ANNI!J\LED SHEET AT LOW AND ELEVAT ED TEMPER (15)
0
' 25 KSl EXPOSURE TBMPP
PIG. 3.056 BPPBCT OF ELEVAT ED TEMPER A
TURE STRESS EXPOSURE ON THE
loS CYCLE PATIGUB STRENGTH OF
DUPLEX ANNI!J\LED SHEET AT ROCN
AND ELEVAT ED TEMPER ATURES
(27)

140
TISAI! MoIV
0.050 IN SHEET
.t
!450F, 8 HR, FC
120 + 14SOF IS Mlli,_~--..
lil T TESTTE MPP
~
e RT
25 TISAl lMolY
0.025 lN SHEET
i= 400F
_6 Mtn>
1&50 P, 5 MIN, AC 2
Ill
100

e
"--IEJ-- --
+ 1375 P,lS MIN. AC
20 l/41ND )
! 80

bJt
~
PATIGUB
1.5 SMIClMEJit
<
IJ.
IS
lil "'
~ Ill
..l 60 1---- 1-- - ---
=
JJ.E 10
1
'I, tJ
>-
tJ
... R 0.1
.
5
L T
~ 40
- R -o.s
I
SiHRJB
...
0 75 p 20
0 200 600 800
b 650 I'
25 KSl EXPOSURE TEMP F
0
loS PIG. 3.057 EPFBCT OF ELEVATED TEMPER ATURE
CYCLES TO FAILUR E STRBSS EXPOSURE ON THE loS CYCLE
AXIAL LOAD SHARP NOTCH PATIGUB NOTCHED FATIGUE STREI'IJ TH OF DUPLEX
PIG. 3.053
PROPERTIES OF DUPLE.'{ ANNI!J\LED ANNI!J\LED SHEET AT ROCN AND ELEVAT ED
TEMPERATURES (27)
SHEET AT ROOM AND ELEVAT ED
TBMPERA"IURE (17)

CODE 3709
PAGE 19
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

' I
20
\.._.-
~r---,---:T=i~-SA~1-7.UM:-:-~~1V~
Ti .1 TiSA11Mo1V
O.D251N SHBBT 0.0491NSHBBT
8 AI ....,.,_ 1850 F, 5 MIN. AC
+ 1375.F,1 MIN. AC
MILL ANN 1450 F, 8 HR
18
Mo 'b.
v

'
1)1
:.( 16
~
14
eL
~

ESI"ATIC
- li--.0

OT

12
-.au 200 0 200 .coo 600 800
TEMP P
FIG. 3. 0621 TBNSILB MODULUS OF BLA5nCITY FOR DUPLBX
ANNBALBD SHBBT AT LOW AND ELBVATBD
Tl!MPI!RA1URES (18)
20 . . . - - - . . . . - - -.......----r--::T::-I-:8~A~1-~IM:-:-o-:I-::V~
BAR AND O. 056 TO 0. 096 IN SHBBT
~- 0 ~o--~8~~~1~6~L-~u-
ANN
1000 KSI

FIG. 3.064 CCNPRI!SSIVBTAN:lBNT

MODULU> AT VARIOU!
TBMPBRA1URBS FOR MILL
ANNEALED SHBBT (4)

14~--~L~T=-----+-----,_----~~~~

- - e asTATIC TENiiON. "MILL

ANN, 1450F, 8HR, HBAT 2
- - A l!.OYNAMIC, LAB ANN,
12 1450 F, 8 HR, HEAT 1
COYNAMIC, LAB ANN, 1850 F. 5 MIN,
AC + 1100 F, 8 HR (1)
IO - - .. STATIC, 650F,1H AC+IIOOP 24HR A
0 200 .au 600 800 1000
TEMPF 240 I TI8Al-1Mo1V
PIG. 3, 0622 TENSILE MODULU> OF BLJISTJCITY AT
VARIOU! TBMPBRA1URBS FOR ANNBALBD
BAR AND SHEET (1)(4) 200
MILL ANN, 1450 r
0.0491N SHEET
8 HR

20
I T18Al1Mo1V cc:Nl'Rblo~
18
I\ 0.0491NSHBBT
MILL ANN 1450 P, 8 HR

........
160
RT

200F~
~
L
.OOF
~ 120

~~~.
16

~\ 80
1000 F

p' \ \
\
1200
~
STATIC
CCNPRI!SSION
12
\
0
10
0 400 800 1200 1600 0 8 16 24
TEMP F
1000 KSI
PIG. 3. 0623 CCNPRI!SSION MODULU> FOR MILL PIG. 3. 065 COMPRESSIVE SECANT MODULUS
ANNBALBD SHBBT AT VARI<XJS TEM AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES FOR
PBRA1URBS (4) MILL ANNEALED SHEET (4)

CODE 3709
PAGE 20
 Ti
REVISED' MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

12 Hatch. A.J., !loy, D.L. and Erbln. E. F., "Diocusslonto

180 TI-8AI-1Mo-1 V Preliminary Report oa NASA Sheet Alloy Screening Pro Ti
0.063 IN SHEET, T gram for Ma?J 3 Transporr Sldns .. by Espey, G. B.,
MILL. ANN, 1350 F, Bubsey, R. T. and Brown. W.F., jr., to be published 8 AI
8 HR +TlG WBI..O ASTM, (1962)
160
FTU FTY 13 Titanium Metals Corp., --creep Strength of TI-8AIl.Mo Mo
...17 AS ANN,
14
IV at 600 and 900F", (196~)
Greenlee, M.L. and Brcadwell, R.G., .. l!l!glneerlng
v
UNWBI..DEO, I..
0 ASWEI..DEO Properties d High Temperat.;U"e Super-Alpha Titanium
140 Alloys .. , TMCA, New York, N.Y., Uuly I, 1963)
6 WBI..D + 1800 F,
S MIN, AC +1100 F, 15 Gideon. D.N., Marschall, C. W., Holden. F.C. and
iii Hyler, W.S., "Exploratory Studies d Mechanical Cycl-
:..: 8HR, A
Ing fatigue Behavior of Materials for the Supersonic
120 Transport", Final Report on NASA Cootract, BMI. Uunc
30, 1963)
16 Bentley, C. W., Denke, P. H., "Notch Resistance and
Fracture Toughness Characteristics of High Strength
Metals .. , ASD TOR 63-494, Cootract No. AF 33(657)
8545, Douglas Aircraft Co., Long Beach, Calif., (Scrt.
1963)
17 Roy, A., Chnve, C. and WelrJs, V., ..Material .Bvalua-
~ : 1---+_:...jk:.BJ..J!1r---4--+--=? lion for a Mach 111 Transport Plane", Progress Rep. No.
4A, Syracuse University, R~p. Met. 873-634-QP4A,
Ill
u NASA Cootract No. NASr-43, (AprU 1963)
...gj e(O.S IN)
800 1000
18 Roy, A. and Weiss, V., .. Further Material lloaluatlon for
Supersonic Transport Aircraft", Flnill Report on NASA
400 600 Contract NASr-43, Syracuse University, (Dec. 1963)
TEMP- p Avery, C. H. aal Turley, R. V., "Screening Test Program
19
for Evaluation of the Stress Corrosloo SusecptlbUity d
FIG. 4.033 EFFECT OP TESf TEMPERATURE AND REAN- Alloys Under Consideration for Application as Skin
NEALING ON TEI'SILE PROPERTIES OF WELD- Material, fourth Quarterly Progress Report", Douglas
EO SHEET (4) Aircraft Rep. No. 31421, ASD Contract AF 33(657)8543,
Douglas Aircraft Co., Long Beach, Calif., (April I, 1963)
20 "TI8Al-1Mo-1V Sheet and Plate, Condition ol Heat Treat
mcnt AvaUable and Their Influence", TMCA, New York,
N. Y. , Uanuary 1963)
21 Carew, W. F. and Kinkel, C. F., "Engineering :Ufort to
REFERENCES Cbtaln Longtime Creep Dota on Structural Sheet Materials .. ,
Sixth Progress Rep. on ASD Contract AF 33(616)-8348,
Tltanlwn Melllls Corp., ''Properties of TI-8Al1Mol V, .. joliet Metallurgical Lab., Uune 1963)
(1962) 22 Figge, 1. E., "Residual Static Strength of &-vera! Titanium
Titanium Metals Corp ....Design Dota for Ti-8Al1Mo-1V and Stalnless Steel Alloys and One Superalloy at -1091',
Sheet Alloy Under Tension, Compression ard Bearing 70F and 550F", NASA TN 02045, (Dec. 1963)
Loodlng," (Oct. 1961) 23 Christian. j. L. and Kerr, J. R., .. Selection d Optimum
Kessler, H. D. with Brown, W.F., Jr., .. Personal Com- Materials for Usc In I..lquld Hydrogen fueled AcrOOI[IICC
munication.. , Titanium Metals Corp. Vehicles .. , GO/A ASD TOR 63798, AF Contract AF 33
Doy, D.L. and Kessler, H. D., .. Summary Report Tlta (657)-9445, (Oct. 1963)
nlum Sheet Rolling Program for Ti8Al-1Mo-1V, TI-SAI 24 Carew, W. F., .. Engineering Effort to Cbtnln Long Time
SSnSZr and TI7Al12Zr.. , Titanium Metals Corp., Creep Dota on Structural Sheet Materials for SST Appll
Bureau of Naval Weapons Contract NOas-59-6227c, (Dec. cations .., joliet Metallwgical Labs., AFMI.. TR 65-18,
IS, 1961) AF Contract AF 33(616)-8348, (Jan. 1965)
Erbln, E. F. with Brown, W.P., Jr .. , "PCrsonal CommunJ- 25 Alesch, C. W., "Onset of Creep Stress Measur~ment o1
catlon .. , Titanium Metals Corp. Metallic Materials", Interim Report GD/C-64-128 GD/
6 Kochka, E. L. ard Petersen. V. C., "The Salt Corrosion Convair, NASA Contract NASw-739, (AprU IS, 1964)
or Titanium Alloys at Elevated Temperatures .., Crucible 26 .. Fracture Tonghncss and Tear Tests .. , Boeing-North
Steel Co., Final Rep., Bureau of Naval Weapons Contract Amerlun. MI..TOR-64238, AP Contract AF 33(657)
NOas 60-6004-c, Uon. IS, 1961) 11461, (Oct. 1964) ,__
7 Mitchell, D. R., '"The Resistance Spot Welding of TISAl 27 McCulloch, A..]., Melcon,M.A., 8lld Young, I..., Fa
!MoIV, TlSAISSnSZr and Tl7All2Zr, .. Titanium tlgue Behavior of Sheet Malerlals for the SUpersonic lrans
Metals Corp., Rep. TTI..-46, (Sept. 10. 1962) port .. , Vol.ll - Static TeBt Dota, SN Test Dnta and SN
8 Doy, D. L., Mitchell, D. R. and Kessler, H. D., "Sixth Olap:rams", I..ockbccd California Co., AFML TR -64 399,
Bimonthly PrO[lrcss Report - Titanium Sheet Rolling Pro AF Contract AP 33(657)11460, Uan. 1965)
gram for TI8111MoIV, TISAJ-5Sn5Zr and Tl7Al 28 Thompson. 0. N. and ]one, R. L., "Intermittent Creep
12Zr.. , Tltanl:um Metals Corp., Burcau of Naval Weapons and Stablllty of Materials for SST Applications", GO/
Contract l~s-596227c, (March 30, 1961) Port Worth, Al'MLTOR-64138, AF Contract AF 33(657)
9 Chafcy, j. E., --compilation of Materials Research Data .. , 8907, (March 1964)
General Dynamics Astronautics, Second Quarterly Pro- 29 Heimerl, G.j., Brnskt.. D. N., Royster, D.M., ard
gress Rep. Phase I, Contract AF 33(616)-7984, Task Dexter, H. B., "Salt Stress Corrosion of TISAlIMoIV
73812, (Sept. 1961) Alloy Sheet at Ill eva ted Temperature" ASTM STP-397,
10 Espey, G. B., llubsey, R. T. and Brawn. W. P., Jr., "Pre (1965)
llmlnary Report on the NASA Sheet Alloy Screening Pro 30 PJpcr, D. E. and Fager, D. N., "'TI1e Relative Stress Cor
gram for Mach 3 Transport Skins", to be published ASTM roslon SuiiCcptlblllty of Titanium Alloys In the Presence
(1962) d Hot Snit". ASTM STP397, 0965)
11 Doy, D. I..., Mitchell, D. R. and Kessler, ll.D.,"EJ~-vcnth 31 Antony, K. C., .. Air Contamlnatloo In Titanium Alloys
Bimonthly Report - Titanium Sheet Rolllng Program for Tl-679 and Tl-84-i .. , ASTM STP-397,0965)
TI-8Al-1Mo-IV, TI5Al5Sn5Zr and TI7AIl2Zr", 32 Rideout, S. P., Louthou, M. K., Jr. and Selby, C. I...,
Titanium Metals Corp., Bureau o( Naval Weapons Con- '"Basic Mechanisms c1 Stress Corrosion Craclclng d
tract NOos-59-6227c, (Aug. 31, 1961) Titanium", ASTM STP-397,(1965)

CODE 3709
PAGE 21
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

33 DuttweUer, R.B., W&gDer, R. R. aod AII!Day, K. C., "All

Ti lllvestlgatlon o1 Stte81 Corrosloa Failures In Titanium \...
Canpressor Canponents" , AS'IM STP397, (1%5)
8 AI 34 Rideout, S. P., Louthau, M. R., Jr. and Selby, C. L.,
"Sttess Corrosion Cracking of Titanium .Alloys", DuPont
Mo ABC Savannah River Laboratory, UP (NASA)-961, NASA
P.O. No. R-124, Issued to ABC Prllgl'ess Report (Oct.
v Dec. 1964)
35 Petersen, V. C. and Bomberger, H. B., "The Mechanism
ol Salt Attack on Titanium Alloys", AS'IM STP No. 397,
(1965)
36 Hatch, A.J., Rosenberg, H. W. and Brbln, B. F., "BI
tecta ol Environment on Cracking In Titanium Alloys",
AS'IM STP397, 0.965).
37 Klrcheoer, R. L. and Kipling, B. F., "The Diffusion ol
Corrosion Products In Hot Salt Stress Corrosion Cracking
ol Titanium", AS'IM STP-397, (1965)
38 Kipling, B.J., Materials Research Laboratory, Feroonal
Canunlcatlon with W.F. Brown, Jr., (1965)
39 Honeycutt, J. 0. and Willhelm, A. C., "Bitect of Protec
tlve Coatings on the Stress Corrosion Properties ol Super
sonic-Transp ort Sldn Materials", Southern Research
Institute, 11th Quarterly Report, NASA Contract No.
NASr-117, (Sept. 24, 196.5)
40 Piper, D. B., "Bitect ol Heat Treatment Variables on the
Fracture Toughness ol Duplex Annealed 8AllMolV Tl
tanlum Alloy Sleet", Materials Technology Summary Re
port, The Boeing Co., (Juue 1965), p.3
41 Mlnlcler, W., 1MCA Personal Canmunlcatl on with W.F.
Brown, Jr., (Nov. 1965)
~2 Lane, L R.Jr., Cavallaro,J. L. ,and Morton, A. G. S.,
"Sea Water Bmbrlnlem" 't ol Titanium", AS'IM STP-397,
(1965)
43 Brown, B. P., "Progress In the Development ol Test Con
cepts for Stress Corrosion Cracking", NRL Technlcal
Memo 6320-44, (Dec. 1964)
44 Kirchner, R. L. and Kipling, B.J., "Elevated Tempera
ture Stress Corrosion ol High Strength Sheet Materials
In the Presence ol StresL Concentratio ns", Materials Re-
search Laboratory, Quarterly Prllgl'esa Report No.4,
NASA Contract NASr-50, (May 31, 1962)
45 Piper, D. B., "Environmen tal FractUre Studies", Materials
Technology Summary Report, The Boeing Co,, (June 1965),
p. 32
46 Jensen, B. K., "Reslstaace Welding", MaterlBla Tech
nology Summary Report, The Boeing Co., (June 1965), p. 57
47 Ntkata, M. Y., "Pualon Welding", Ibid p.59. (June 1965)

48 Lindh, D. V., "Realdual Stresaea In Weld.:! Titanium

Structures", Ibid, (June 1965), p.Sl
49 Clark, H. R., "Plastic Deformation Bltects on Fracture
Toughness", Ibid, (June 1965), p. 71
so AMS 4955, Soc. Auto. Eng., (Sept. 1965)

OODE 3709
PAGE 22
 Ti
REVISEDMARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GBNBRAL 3. MBCHANlCAL PROPBRTIBS

n-8Al-2Cb-1Ta ll a recemly developed, easeulially not
Ti
heat treatable, ne~.~pha.type alloy.~~opcd for sheet 3.01 Spe:lfled MeChanlcal Ptopetlies 8 AI
and bar applications requliing good weldablllty and founa- 3.011 Producer's specified mechanical prepertlea, Table 3.011.
blllty. It has a panlculsdy low density aad supedor re.ts- 2 Cb
taDCe to creep at tempemtures up to 1000 F.
TABLB 3.011
Source Mallorv- Sharon C4
To
1. 01 Commerclll Deslptlon. 8Al-2Cb-1Ta Titanium Alloy.
Alloy Tt-8Al-2Cb-1Ta
Form B&r-
1,02 Altemate Deslptlons, TI-8Al-2Cb-1Ta, MST 821. Ann
Condltlon
1'hlclale8-tn S2
1. 03 Specl1lcations. Non.,,
Ptu,min - lall 130
1,04 Composition. Table 1.04 P~,mln -lall 115
e In), min- percent 10
RA. min percent- 25

4
Perceut 3,02 Mechanlcal Ptop:rtiea at Room Temperature
Min Max 3,021 Hattineaa. lngnt, 275 to 325 BHN, 5/8 In lnr, 3D RC.
3,022 Streaa atraili curves for annealed aheet and bar, Fig. 3,022,
7.50 8.50 3,023 Bffect of exp<>aure to elevated temperatures wlth load on
L50 2.50
tensile properties of annealed lnr, Table 3, 023,
0.50 1.50
0.08
0.40 TABLB 3 023
0.08 0.12 ISource (2,D, D-2113, D. 1bl. VII)
0.020 ll'nrm 5 81nRAr
8Dppm l(".nndlrlnn Ann
500 hr exposure at Tested at RT
Temp Load e(11n)- RA-
p bl Ptubt Prvbl pe=t peJ:Cent
1.05 Hmt Treatment RT 0 136 130 18 45
1.051 Aluleal, 700 50 137 126 22 46
1.0511 Sleet. 1650 F, 20 min, air cool. 700 70 137 129 20.5 40
1.0512 Bar. 1650 F, 1 hr, air cool. 800 60 150 142 18.5 31
1.052 D.Jplex anneal. As with certalt. other highly alloyed a"ha
900 30 147 142 11 26
type alloys, creep trength m&) he Improved by "duplex" I lVIII_ 20 154 153 II 31
annealing treatments. These o eatments Involve fabrica-
tion and/or heat treatment at tempera'Ure high In the
alpha beta field followed by a at.ablll:tlng anneal at 1000 . 3,024 Compresalon llt'.:t'lertio:s, Pcy" 123 bl.
to 1200 P. 3,025 &:lear properties, r,' IU 85 Ui,
1.06 HardenabUlty. Heat treatment of thin sections will Increase
the suength allgbtly but ll not geuemlly recommended be- 3,03 ~~!~);~~~;; Vadous Temperatures
cause of the enenlially all alpha structure. 3,031 S!lor>. tJ.m~; H;\Sl>~~ prop:utles
3,0311 Btf~:>=t '''tel'' t:eT..;JCmture on tensUe properties of annealed
1.07 Forms and Conditions Available $!teet and t<,,,. p:.;,. 3, 0311.
1.071 Alloy Is available In the full commeJ:Clal mnge of sizes fur .:.1i)2 Sbnrt limo f't">pe>Y,H oth<<.: r.;<n tension
sheet, plate, bar, billet aad wire. 3,11321. Bfiect t.f \i:St tel.'llpemtun or. comprellllve yield strength of
1.072 All pr:oducts are available In tbe annealed condition only. anneal~d ~ neet, Pig, 3,\lt:!l.
3.0l22 S:tear ;trulgth at 700 P, P 5u a 59 !.rl,
1.08 Melt!Dg and Casting Pmctlce, Consur.18hle ele<:t&ode double 3,0323 Uffect of '.est temperature Ol! :':mpa.;t ;uengrh of annealed
vacuum aJ:C melt, bar, Pig. 3, 0323,
3,033 Static atrt ... conceuaatlon dillctl
1.09 Special Considerations. See n. Commercially Pure. 3,0331 BUect of low teat tempe:ature on notc:h strength and not:ch
sl.-engtb ratio of 8DDealed sheet and lnr, Table 3. 0331.

2. PHYSICAL AND CHBMICAL PROPBRTIBS TABLB 3 0331

2, 01 Tbeunal Properties ~fC!! It)
~..-.:
~
Rar
2. 011 Melting mnge. 3065 to 3115 p. Ann
Condition
2, 012 l'!la1e change, Tbll alloy aansforms on coellng from belli 58
Thickness - In 0.040
io alpha+ bern at 1920 P. -65 -320 -65 -320
Teat Temp- P
2,013 Tbeunal conductivity, Pig. 2,013.
2, DIA Tbeunal exp!lnslon, Por annealed material from roo;n tem-
pemture to 1000 P, 5,03x10-6tn per In per P, (1, p. 5)
Pru
Smooth
Notched
-lall
149
201.
I 213
_; 275
140
248
202
333
2. 015 SpecUic heat, Pig. 2. 015,
Notch strength
2,02 Other Pnyslcal Properties ratio 1.~ .. 1 1.29 1.77 1.65
2,021 Dens try. 0,159 .lb per cu ln. 4. 41 gr per cu em,
2,022 &eculcal resistivity, At room tempemture, 193 microhm
In, at 1400 F, 232 microhm ln. 3,04 Cteep and Cregl Rupture Propetlies
2,023 Magnetic properties d,DU Cteep curves at 800 olDd 1000 P fer annealc:llnr, Pig. 3.041.
~.D\2 Creep ruptwe curves at 700 to 1000 P for annealed bu,
2,03 Chemical Properties. See n. ,::;,mmerctally Pure. Pig, 3,0t2.

2,04 Nl>:lear Propertiel, Tho alloy~. .- '""'""'tlln 8Al-2Cb1Ta 3.05 Fatigue Ptop:rlies
all have short half lives. 3.051 Rotating beam fatigue data, Tatoi'J 3. 051.

CODE 3710]
I I

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

0.25
Ti -.,.,... TABLE 3 051
(3,p.l8
T1-8Al-2Cb-1Ta
8 AI Form
t".nndltfo
518111 bar
iL 0.20
y ....
2 Cb Temp Medlod Seres a Stress ...tlgue Streagth-ksl
~
Ta
p

RT ROt
beam
PI<~
AIR
... 1
ConceD

Smooth
K 1
at

'11 83
c1es
tratloa loS 106 _107
g.

81
loB

80
~
:a:
f
t
0.15
~,..'
~
v
~
37 36 I~
K2,86
" 35
0.10
Sl'BCIPJ~ HBAT

0 800 1200 1600 2000

TBMP -P
3. 06 Bias de Properties
3,061 Modulus of elast1clty In lelllloD aud compress loll at room PIG. 2. 015 SPBCJPJC HBAT
IUid elevated tempemtwH, Pig. 3.~1. O,p.S)
3. 052 Modulus of dgtdl.ty at room and elevated tempemtures, Pig.
3.062.

f. PABRICA"Il'ON SlmUar to Tl, Commerclslly Pure. Only

dl1ferent or complemi!IIUlry Information is given below.

f.01 Pormingand Cudng

f. 011 PreUml.nary telts l.ndla:te !hat tb1l alloy Is compuable tn
n-5Al-2.5SD and n-6Al-fV 1n forming cbaJacrerisdcs.

f. 02 Mach1n1ng
f.03 ~ Weldlng tests indicate Ibis alloy la readUy weld-
ed 'l'll!h !be aame tecJuW;1uea use:l for una.lloye:l titanium.
Welda are cbaractedzed by good mechanical properties
wblcb are comparable tn tboae of the parent metal.

f. Of HealiDg aud Heat Treadzlj!. See TI-6Al-fV.

160 r---~~Tl~-~8-A1""-""'2Cb~-.,.1Ta---.
ANN

10
Tl-8Al-2Cb-1Ta

v
/.

L
/
v 1liBRMAL

1--L
/
COI'IDUCTIVlTY

0 400 800 uoo 1600

TBMPP
FIG. 3. 022 STRESS STRAIN CURVBS FOR
PIG. 2. 013 TIIBRMAL CONDUCTIVITY ANNBALBD SHBBT AND liAR
Q,p.2) (4)
'
~.

CODE 3710
P4GF ?
 I I

REVISEDMARCH!963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

146
TI-8A12Cb'.T.t.. Ti
ANN
L 8 AI
2 Cb
Ta
~--~~--~~---+----4---~100~
i=!
a.

~100r----+~~~----~--~

I-

6~----r---~-----r----+---~~~~
0, 040 IN SHBBT
.& 1650P, 20 MIN, AC
5/81N BAR
40~~~~~~~--~~--~~---4----~
60

0~--~----~----._--~-----L----~
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TBMP- P

I'IG. 3, 0311 BI'P BCT OP TBST TBMPBRA1URB ON TBNSILB

fROPBRT1BS OP ANNBALBO SHBBT AND BAR
(3, p.l9-21)

Tl-8Al-2Cb-111
D
140
''"'!!':.:""
120
\ eL
OT
-

100.

80
"' ~'cy

~
"
8

'"
1BCUAlV
I
___.
Tl-8A1-2Cb-l'ra

...............
5/SlN BA

/
ANN
~

6
0 200 400
TBMP- P
600 800 .... -- I

-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

TBMP- P
PIG. 3.0321 BPPBCT OP TBST TBMPilRA1URB ON
COMPRBSSIVIl YIBLO STRENGTH OP
PIG. 3. 0323 BPPBCT OP TBST TBMPBAATIJRB ON IMPACT STRBNGTH
ANNEALED SHilBT (4) OP ANN BALBO BAR (2, p. Q-5 , 6)(3, p. 17)

It-___
CODE
_
3710
I I

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

i I
:~;!~;~

Ti Tl-8Al-2Cb-1Ta - 1&r-----~----,-----;r-=T~l-~8A7,1r,4~C~b~-l~~~a
5/81N BAR ANN
8 AI 100 " AN

2
I
Cb
To
80
...... "
'
,,'.... ~
60 .... ....
il
800 F
' .....' . '
'

...

20
\
' ...
.......... ~' EDYNAMIC
\
......... ' .......~ 10 A 5/BIN BAR.(1)
\
' '
1000 F
..... .... EcSTATIC I
0
\ ' 8
e~ 0. 040 IN SHEET
0 200 400 600 800 1000
I' TEMP- F
8 19 }-
' . -- 0.5\1\ CREEP
6 , -- 0.2\1\ 1 - FIG. 3. 061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN TBNSION AND
---o:~\1\ COMPRESSION AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
10 100 1000 TEMPERATURES (1, p. Q-1)
TIME- HR

FIG. 3.041 CREEP CURVES AT 800 AND 1000 F

FOR ANNEALED BAR (2, p. Q-4)

Tl-l1Al2Cb-1Ta
S/81N BAR
At-IN 700"
100
800 F

-
80 6

... 60
tl
900F ...._ 1-o...a.
!I'l-8Al-2Cb-1Ta
5/BlNBAR
ANN
~
~ 1000 I G ~
2 ~
20
ROPTURB
10 100 1000 0 200 600 800 1000 1200
T1MB HR TBWPP
FtG. 3,042 CREEPRUPTURBCURVESAT700TO
1000 F FOR ANNEALED BAR
PIG. 3. 062 MOOOLUB OP RIGIDrrY AT RClail AND BLBVATBD
(2,p.Q4) TBMPBRATURBS (4)
 Ti
REVISEDMARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

REFERENCES
Ti
Battelle Memorial lnst., "Memorandum on Thermal Properties
of Titanium and Titanium Alloys, DMIC Memo No. 1, (Aug.
6 AI
25, 1958) 2 Cb
2 Battelle Memorial lnst., 'The I!Dglneerl.Dg Propenles of Com-
mercial Titanium Alloys, " TML Rep. No. 92, Uune 4, 1958) Ta
3 MallO'iy Sharon Titanium Corp., "Laboratory Evaluation of MST
821 Production Heat 25725, Res. Rep. 1000R247, Uan. 8, 1957)
4 Mallory Sbarm Titanium Corp., (1958, 1959)

CODE 3710
PAGE 5
 I I

REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

i 1.03 Speciffcai:l!!!!!!
''-._j 1, GENERAL
Tl-679 is a complex super-alpha alloy developed by Table 1.03 Ti
Imperial Metal Iixlustrles of Great Britain and covered
by U, S, Patent Number 3, 049,425, The alloy 1e
TABLE 1.03 II Sn
produced and marketed In the United States by the Form Condition Specification
5 Zr
Titanium Metals Corporation of America (TMCA) under Bars, Forgings, Fully Annealed (In MIL-T-9047D (09 June 67)
license from the Britieh flrm, Appearing In 1958, the Forging Stock accordance with MIL- 2.5 AI
alloy is currently used for compressor components in H-81200)
British jet engines, I Mo
The combination of low-aluminum, medium-zirconium, Bars, Forgings 1650F, lhr, AC + 930F, AMS-4974 (01 November 67)
and high-tin strengthens and stabilizes the alpha phase. 24brs, AC 0.25 Si
Considerable strengthening at all temperatures Is
derived from the active eutectold compound TlxSiy. Tbe Bars, Forgings, 1650F, lhr, AC +930F, The Garrett Corporation
alloy may be classified as both a weakly stabilized, Forging stock 24hrs, AC Alresearch Manufacturing Co
Ti-679
martensltic alloy and an active eutectold, It displays EMS-94902 (13 May 66)
the Isothermal transformation cbaracterietics of two
phase titanium alloys. Forged Parts 1650F, lhr, AC or OQ + !General Electric Company
For comparable products In the annealed condition, 930F, 24hrs, AC 4012158-092 (10 October 63)
the strength of this alloy from room temperature b
1000F exceeds that of Tl-6Al-4V and Tl-8Al-1Mo-1V Compressor 1650F, lhr, AC + 930F, General Electric Company
and Is about equal to Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo . Its creep Blades, Vanes 24hrs, AC C50T83-S5 (08 December 66)
strength is superior to TI-8Al-1Mo-1V and Ti-6Al-4V
at all temperatures, but :Inferior to Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr- Bars, Forgings, 1650F, lhr, OQ + 930F, General Motors Corporation
2Mo at temperatures above 900F. At elevated temper- Forging stock 24brs, AC Aillso11 Division
atures, this alloy is less fatigue resistant than Tl-8Al- EMS-59034-B (22February 67
1Mo-1V and TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo . The alloy appears
to be metallurgically stable up to 850F, Bars, Forgings, 1650F, lhr, AC +930F, General Motors Corporation
Forgeabllity and machinability of this alloy are Forging Stock 24hrs, AC Allieon Division
comparable to Ti-8AI-1Mo-1V. Welding of tbls alloy EMS-59035-A (29 August 67)
Is not recommended.
Bars 1650F, lhr, AC (or United Airoraft Corporation
1, 01 Commercial Designation Caster) + 930F, 24hrs, Pratt & Whitnoy Division
Ti-679, IMI-'379 AC PWA-1206- A (05 Octebor 65)

1, 02 Alternate Designation Forgings 1650F, lhr, AC (or United Aircraft Corporation

Caster) + 930F, 24hrs, Pratt & Whitney Division
AC PWA-1205-A t05 October 651
1.04 Composition
1.041 Producer's specified composition, Table 1. 041.
TABLE 1.041

Source T .M. C.A. (41151

Wel~t Percent
Min. Max. Nom.

Tin 10.50 11.500 11.00

Zirconium 4,00 6.000 5.00
Aluminum 2.00 2.500 2.25
Molybdenum 0.80 1.200 1.00
Sllicon 0.15 0.270 0.21
Oxygen 0.150 0.10
lron 0.120
Carbon 0.040
Nitrogen 0.040
Hydrogsn 0.008
Tltsnium Balance

1. 042 Users' specified compouition, Table 1. 042.

TABLE 1.042
Source (191 _12()) 1211 I (22) J 1231 1241 1251
Weight Percent
Min Max. Min MaY Min I Mnx. Min. Max. ,.,, MnY. Min MAX Min _MRx

Tin 10.50 11.50 10.50 11.50 10.50 11.50 10.50 11.50 10.50 11.50 10,50 11.50 10.50 11.50
Zirconium 4.00 6.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 6.00 4.1l() 6.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 6.00 4.50 5.50
Aluminum 2.00 2.50 2.00 2.50 2.00 2.50 2.00 2.50 2.00 2.50 2.00 2.50 2.10 2.90
Molybdenum .80 1.20 .so 1.20 .80 1.20 .80 1.20 .80 1.20 .so 1.20 .50 1.50
Silicon .15 .27 .15 .27 .15 .27 .15 .27 .15 .27 .15 .27 .15 .35
Oxygen .20 .17 .15 .15 ,15 .15 .20
Iron .20 .12 .12 ,12 .12 .12 .30
Carbon .08 .04 .04 .04 .10 ,10 .15
Nitrogen .050 .04 .04 .04 .050 .050 ,050
Hydrogen .008 .010 .015 .0125 .0125 .0125 .0125
Titanium Balanee Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance

See Table 1.03 for product forma and conditions.

Ti NONFERROUS
1.05 Heat Treatment
Ti 1.051 Stress relief anneal. 900 to 950F, 5 to 10 hours AC,
(26)(27)
II Sn 1.052 Duplex anneal. 1650F, 1 to 2 hours, AC + 930F,
24 hours,AC. (5)(26)(28)
5 Zr This alloy is used almost exclusively In the duplex
annealed condition, claimed to produce optimum
2.5 AI mechanlcal properties (5). The 1650F solution anneal
I Mo Is In the alpha+ beta (-+compoand) field and the 930F
stabilization anneal temperature Is In the alpha+
0.25 Si compound field. Imperial Metal Industries reports (28)
that nearly all transformation from beta to alpha occurs
during air cooling from the solution temperature (1650F)
Ti-679 to approximately 1200F. The 930F treatment only
stabilizes the alloy further. This Is substantiated by
the data of Table 3.0213 which shows only a 7 ksi
Increase In strength on aging (stabilization annealing).
The solution treating temperature of 1650F is not
critical {5). A range of 1630 to 1670F should produce
identical tensile properties. The same is true of the
aging (stabilization anneal) temperature. A range of
910 to 950F should produce identical resulis for an
aging cycle of 24 hours.
1.053 Solution treat and age. 1650F, 1 to 2 hours, OQ or WQ
+ 930F, 24 hours, AC. (28)(29)
Maximum tensile and creep strength is developed In the
solution treated and aged condition (5). As seen from
Figure 2. 0121, however, relatively rapid cooling from
the solution temperature is required to pt:.,vent the
beta-to- alpha transformation from going to completion.
The aging response, therefore, Is directly related to
the rapidity of the quench.
Table 3.0213 gives the aging response as a function of
quench rate. Air cooling produces only limited aging
response, and fumnce cooled samples do not respond to
the aging treatment at all. Water quenching, on the
other hand, produces a substantial increase In strength
on subsequent aging. The reason for these different
responses is apparent in Figure 2. 0121 which shows
the various cooling rates superimposed on the T-T-T
diagram (The "alpha prime transus" shown on the
diagram represents a temperature above which nlph-
beta solution treated material will transform to alpha
prime (Martensite) st the Ms temperature on water
quenching. Below this temperature tho beta Is retnlned
on quenching). Table 3. 0214 Indicates rolled bar oil
quenched from the solution te!llperature (compared to
air cooling) prior to aging Is stronger by 19 to 28 ksl
depending on the heat treated section size. Additional
data (Table 3. 0213) show a 32 ksl strengthentag due to
water quenching from the solution temperature as
compared with air cooling for specimens subsequently
aged.
1.00 Hardness
1.001 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on room
temperature hardness of bar, Figure 1, 001.
1.062 Since hh.I"dness Is, In genernl, related to nlloy strength
characteristics, the variation In strength properties with
as-quenched section size provides a useful measure of
alloy hardenablllty. Figure 3.0215 shows the Influence
of as-quenched section size on the solution treaied
(waier quenched) and aged smooth tensile properties of
sections up to 4 Inches square. Results from both
as-forged sections and sections machined from the
largest forged section are presented, As expected,
the highest strengths were obtained for the outside
location and were nearly constant over the range of
sizes Investigated. As-forged sections down to linch
square exhibit a strength and ductil!ty difference from
center to edge. In contrast, a 1 Inch square section
machined from the 4 Inch forging exhibits uniform
strength and ductil!ty throughout. Tbe difference
between center and edge properties for sections greaier
than 1 Inch square, whether as-forged or machined from
the larger forglag, Increases to as much as 20 ksl as the
ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969
section size Increases to 4 Inches square. Results
for a small forging water quenched from the solution
temperature and subsequently aged (Table 3. 0212) agree
well with the above bar results !Figure 3. 0215) at
comparable section sizes.
Table 3. 0216 and Figure 3. 0322 give the variation In
smooth tensile and compressive strengths, respectively,
for a heavy ring forging duplex annealed In full section
size. As expected, the general strength level is lower
than that quoted above for forglags water quenched from
the solution temperature prior to aging. However, the
tensile properties of the duples annealed forging vary
!ess from center to edge (10 ksl maximum difference
In the heaviest section). As shown In Figure 3. 0312,
this small difference In tensile properties Is not exceeded
at test temperatures ranging from -110 to +5SOF and, as
shown by the room temperature results of TDble 3.02712,
Is unaltered by 1000 bra exposure at 550F without load.
Tbe heavy section mUd-notch (Table 3. 02711) and
crack-notch (Table 3.03713) tensile properties of the
duplex annealed ring forging are uniform throughout.
So too are the room temperature ultimate shear strength
(Table 3. 0352) and room temperature and 55 0F smooth
fatigue strengths (Figure 3. 056)
Additional results for duplex annealed hammer-forged
(Figure 3. 0314) and press-forged (Figure 3. 0315)
compressor wheels show no greater difference than
10 kslln tensile strength as a function of forgtng section
size at temperatures ranglag from room temper-
ature to lOOOF. Where comparisons can be made,
exposure to elevated temperature with load does not
alter these results, see Tables 3.0217 and 3.0218.
1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
Alloy is commercially available as bar and billet (26)
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
1.081 Alloy is double consumable electrode vacuum melted.
1.09 Special Consldcrallons
1.091 Silicide segregation. This nlloy differs from other
alpha-beta alloys In containing 0.21 percent silicon.
Investigators In the United States and Great Britain
have demonstrated that silicon additions up to 0. 5
percent reduce the creep rate of titanium alloys In the
range GOO to lOOOF (28). However, silicon Is
ben!flclal only If the melting and processing cycles arc
controlled to produce a fine uniform dispersion
(particle size of one micron or less) of lltanlum
silicide, TlsSI3 (28). Large particles or agglomer-
ations of small parllcles can result In lower mechan-
ical properties, as shown by the following.
Tensile results (13) from four compressor discs
showed low elongations and reduc tiona of area In 7
of 8 tests from the hub area of the wheels. For the
seven, elongations ranged from 2. 5 to 7. 0 percent
and reductions of area from 3.9 to 13.0 percent. The
eighth specimen showed higher vnlues of ductil!ty,
11.0 percent elongation and 27. 8 percent reduction of
area. Rim locations of the same discs consistently
showed elongations of 13.0 to 15. 0 percent and re-
ductions of area of 32.7 to 38.8 percent. Macroscopic
examination of the fracture surfaces of the low
ductility specimens showed that fractures Initiated
along bands containing heavy concentrations of sWcldes.
The fact that these segregated areas were apparent
only in the center of the parts Involved Indicates that
this condition Is probably associated with melting
practice.
A later study (14) showed concentrations or heavy,
light-etching particles, identified In microprobe
analysis as sUicides, In the center and mid-radius
areas of 6 Inch dtameter bars. Three tensile blanks
were extracted from tho mid-radius area of one or the
bars, duplex annealed, machined and tested. 1n
contrast to the above results for compreuor discs,
all three specimens from bar displayed ductilities
REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS
within the normal range, All fractures, however,
originated at segregated bands and tn one case fracture
took place outside the necked-down area of the specimen.
Room temperature low-cycle and high-cycle, axial
load fatigue tests have been made of the shaft and hub
sections of a 24 tncb diameter compressor disc which
showed evidence of silicide segregation, but the results
were Inconclusive (15),
At this writing, no data are available on the poss!ble
damagtng Influence of segregation on the fracture
toughness of this alloy. For critical appllcatlrJns where
plane stratn fracture toughness may be the limiting
design consideration, the Influence of segregation on
this property should be evaluated.
It has been the experience of one forger that segregated
areas are limited to the top ball and center of affected
heats, supporting the conclusion that the problem Is
probably related to melting practice (15), In this
regard, the producer of the alloy points out that
eutectold formers (silicon, copper, Iron, etc.) often
present a segregation problem until appropriate melting
'lnd processing schedules are developed. This, of
course, Is part of the development or such alloys, and
no problems with segregation for the present alloy have
been reported by the producer In the past three years
(31).
1,092 Stability - General. For certaln applications
(particularly In commercial aircraft) metallurgical
stability Is an Important design consideration. While
no systematic Investigations have been made to firmly
establish the thredhold combinations of stress-time-
temperature below which the alloy Is metallurgically
stable, available datil suggest that caution be exercised
In the use af this alloy tn applications where stability
Is a requirement.
Alloy stablllty Is usually evaluated by comparing the
conventional room temperature tensile properties of
specimens with and without prior exposure at stress-
time-temperature combinations appropriate to the
Intended application. Results of this sort for bar and
forgings are presented In Figures and Tables 3.0217
through 3. 02112. Figure 3, 0317 gives the conventional
tensile properties of rolled bar exposed without load to
elevated temperature and tested at the exposure
temperature. The Influence of elevated temperature
exposure without load on the subsequent room temper-
ature mUd-notch and crack-notch tensile properties
Is reported In Tahleo 3.02712 and 3,03713, respectively.
The effect of prior exposure on room temperature
hardness Is shown in Figure 1. 061. For all stability
results reported here, the tested articles were In the
duplex annealed condition.
1. 093 Stability - 150 hours. 150 hours exposure at
temperature-stress combinations ranging from 850F,
65 ksl to 950 F, 45 ksl has a small but Inconsistent
effect on the subsequent room temperature tensile
strength and ductility of hammer forged compressor
wheels (Table 3. 0217). On the other hand, similar
press forged wheels exposed 150 hours at 950F, 45 ksl
and 1000~. 35 ksl were unchanged In strength but, with 2.013
only one exception, serloURly reduced In ductility (Table
3.0219). For rolled bar, exposure up to 1000F for 10
and 100 hours without load produces no change in room
temperature strength and ductility (Figure 3. 02112).
1.094 Stability - 300 hours. The room temperature tensile
properties of a single compressor wheel forging
(Table 3.02110) exposed to temperature-stress
combinations of 800F, 75 ksl and 850F, 65 ksl for sl for
300 hours were unaffected except for n slightly lower
reduction of area value for a single specimen for which
50 - 75 percent of Its deformation occured on loading.
At 750F, 88 ksl, 300 hours exposure all specimens
from this same compressor wheel forging deformed
considerably on loading, and low reduction of area
fractures were observed In about half or the specimens
tested, These low values were associated with
what appeared to he stress corrosion cracks. This,
ALLOYS
of course, is unrelated to metallurgical Instability
effects.
1.095
Ti
Stability - 1000 hours. 1000 hour exposure of hammer
forged compressor wheel specimens at 950F, 45 ksl II Sn
produces very serious losses tn tensile ductility with
an Increase tn strength (Table 3. 0218). Rolled bar 5 Zr
~;posed 1000 hours begins to develop an tncrease In
tensile strength with a corresponding loss tn reduction 2.5 AI
of area at 800F (with no load). At lOOOF, the gain or
strength and loss of ductility for bar ls substllntlal Mo
(Figure 3, 02112).
The room temperature mUd-notch (Tiible 3. 02712) and
0.25 Si
crack-notch (Table 3. 03713) tensile properties or ring
forging specimens exposed 1000 hours without load at Ti-679
a tnoderate temperature (SSOF) were unaffected by the
exposure. Unfortunately these data are scant and one
should be aware that a different result might be
obtained from cracked specimens exposed at higher
temperatures and for longer times,
1.096 Fracture toughness, Alloy is claimed to have
relatively poor fracture toughness In sheet form
(7, p. 3).No data are available on the fracture toughness
of forms other than sheet. For applications where the
alloy's fracture toughness may be the limiting design
consideration, these data should be developed.
1.097 Siress corrosion, No data are available on the stress
corrosion chsrncteristics of this alloy. On the basis of
results obtained on other titllnium alloys, however,
pnrtlcular attention should be given to the Influence or
agresslve environments tn the presence of cracks. Such
environments Include aqueous chloride solutions and
possibly certain organic solvents such as methanol.
For some applications, as tn jet engines, hot salt stress
corrosion characteristics would be necessary design
Information. The results of Table 3. 02110 suggest that
stress corrosion cracking tn air might warrant
consideration.
1.098 Erosion. It has been reported (32) tha! tit:mlum erodes
approximately 40 percent faster than steel In engine-
blading applications In jet engines. No data on this
relatively unfamiliar characteristic are available
at the time or this writing,
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
2.01 Thermal Properties
2.011 Melting range. Approximately 3100F.
2.012 Phase changes. Beta transus 1730 + 15F. Alpha prime
transus 1600 - 1630F (see 1. 053 fo-;: definition of
alpha prime transus).
2.0121 Time-temperature -transformation diagram,
Figure 2. 0121.
2.0122 Tl-81 binary phase diagram showing compound
formation TlsSia, Figure 2. 0122.
Thermal conductivity.
2,0131 Thermal conductivity of bar, Figure 2.0131.
2,014 Thermal expansion.
2.0141 Thnrnal expansion for bar, Figure 2.0141.
2.015 Spoc:Cflc heat.
2.0151 Specific heat for bar, Figure 2,0151.
2,016 Thermal dlffuslvity.
2.02 Other Physical Properties
2.021 Density. 0.174 lb per cu Inch, 4. 82 gr per cu em (26)
2,022 Electrical properties.
2.0221 Electrical resistivity, Figure 2. 0221.
2,023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic.
2.024 Emittance.
2.025 Damping capacity.
2,03 Chemical proportis
2.04 Nuclear Properties

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ). )
Ti '--
3.01 Specified MechanJcal Properties
II Sn 3,011 Producer's guaranteed mechanJcal properties not yet
establlshed (29).
5 Zr 3,012 AMB specified mechanical properties, Table 3. 012.
2.5 AI
Mo
0.25 Si

Ti-679

TABLE 3.012
Source AMS_(22)
Alloy Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1.Mo-O. 21Si
Form Bars and Forldne
Condition 1650F, lhr AC + 930F 24hrs, AC
Nominal Diameter or
Thickness - Inch Property Speclficlltlon
Conventional Tensile Properties
Room Tempo rature 800F (11
Ftu Fty e(21n or RA Ftu Fty e(21n or RA
mtnlmum minilDum 4D) -min mfnlmum mtnlmum minimum 4D) -min minimum
ks1 ksl percent percent ksl ksi percent percent
Bars and Forgings:
Up to 1. 000 Inclusive 145 135 10 20 105 80 15 30
Over 1. 000 to 2. 000 Inclusive 145 135 10 20 100 80 15 30
Over 2.000 to 3.000 Inclusive (2) 140 130 10 20 95 75 12 25

Room Temperature Notched Stress RuPture

Bars under 5 sq. ln. cross-sectional ..,,,.
(3)
area and all forgings @ 165ks1, 5hrs min. ~o'l Preferred Specimen
Bars 5 sq. ln. and over cross-

~ o.fo ~178 3
(3)
sectional area @ 155ks1, 5hrs min. (Soe reference for
0 alternate specimens)
r=0.006
1000F Smooth Stress Rupture
(4)
All bars and forgings @ 70ks1, 23hrs min. liCe. Test to rupture. RT elong (4D) after rupture
shall bo > 10 percent
Creep Sl.abillty
All forgings Specimen exposed 100hrs a1800F, 70ks1 shall not show more than 0.2 percent
creep elongation
(1) To bo held at temperature for thirty minutes bofore testing.
(2) Over 3. 000 inch diameter or dlsLance between parallel sides, tensile properties shall bo as agreed upon by
purchaser and vendor.
(3) The 1n1Ual stress may be less than speclfied and increased to the specified stress In 10 ks11ncrements at
intervals of not less than five hours.
(4) Test stress maY exceed 70 ksl, but shall not bo changed during test. Time and elongation requirements shall
bo as specified for 70 ksl applied stress.
 . II
REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.013 Users specified mechanical properties, Table 3.013.

Ti
TABLE 3.013
Source G.E. 1251 G E 1241
II Sn
Pratt and Whltnev 1211 Garrett (23)
Alloy T1-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181 5 Zr
Bars < 5 sq in Bars ~ 5 sq in 2.5
Form Forged Parts
Compressor

1650F, lhr, AC or 1650F, lhr, AC

Cross-Section- Cross-Sectional
Blades and Vanes al Area Area Forgings
Bars, Forgings, and
ForldnJ[ stock
1650F, lhr, AC + 930F,
I Aj
Mo
Condition ioQ+930E24hrs AC +930F 24hrs AC 1650F lhr, AC or Faster+ 930F, 24hrs, AC 24hrs, AC 0.25 S!
Property Soedfled Valu~ At : Soecif ed Value At:
RT 900F RT 900F RT 800F(dl RT 800Fidl RT 800Fidl
Snecified Value At (f)
RT 900F
- Ti-679
Ftu - ksi min. 140 95 140 95 145 105 130 95 145 105 140 95
Fty- ; ~~ min. 130 75 130 75 130 77 120 70 130 77 130 75
e(4D) - J, min. 10 10 10 10 10 12 10 12 10 12 10 10
RA-% min. 20 20 20 20 25 30 25 30 25 30 20 20
RT Notch Stress Rupture @150ksi, 5hrs min @160ksi, 5hrs min @165ksl, 5hrs @155ksi, 5hrs @165ksi, 5hrs @160ksi, 5hrs min llie (c)
(See Table 3. 012 for llie (a) llie (c) min ll(e (c) min llie (c) min llie (c)
Specimen Drawing)
Smooth Stress Rupture i@GOksi, 950 F;35hrE not specified @ 1000F, 70ksi (e), 23hrs min. llie. Test to @60ksi, 950F, 35hrs
1

min llie (b) rupture. RT elong (40) after rupture shall be min llie (b)
~ 10 percent
Creep Stability Shall meet RT tensile properties not specified Shall meet RT tensUe prop-
above after 100hrs exposure at 900F, ertles above after 100hrs ex
48ksi I ooaure @ 900F, 48ksi (g)
Hardness not specified Shall not exceed Rc-40 not specified
(n) Initial stress may be less than 150 ksi and Increased to 150ksiin 10 ksllncrements at intervals of not less
than 5 hours. lf no fallure
in 5 hours at 150ksi, stress shall be increased in 10ksiincremente at 5 hour intervals untll !allure or 200ksi,
5 hours, is obtained.
(b) Test to rupture or 70 hours.
(c) Inltlal stress may be less than specified and increased to specified stress in 1 Oksiincrements at intervals
of not less than 5 hours.
(d) Specimens to be held at temperature for 30 minutes before teatlng.
(e) Test stress may exceed 70ksi, but shall not be changed during teat. Time and elongation requirements shall
be specified for 70ksi
applied stress.
(f) Specimen taken from any location of bars, forgings, and forging atock up to 2 1/4 Inch minimum section
thickness, and from mid-radius
location of sections over 2 1/4 inch minimum thickness.
(g) Not a requirement for acccption or rejection of material.

3.014 Users' specified mechanical properlles, Table 3.014.

TABLE 3.014
Source Allison 120) Allison 1301
AlloY T1-11Sn-5Zr-2.2 5Al-1Mo-0.2181
!Form Bnra and Forvini>R
3.02 Mechanical Proncrlles at Room Temperature
1650F, lhr, AC + 1650F, lhr, OQ + 3.021 Tension (see also 3.031},
Condition 930F, 24hrs, AC 930F, 24hrs, AC 3;0211 Effect of solution temperature on IK'lution treated
Specified Value at !Specified Value(b)at tensl!c properties of forged bar, Table 3.0211.
Property 850F(a) RT 840F{a)
Ftu- ksi min. 100 161 119
Ft - ksl min. 80 139 80
e(:fD) - % min. 12 10 12 TABLE 3.0211
RA-~mln. 30 20
Creep Stability Specimen exposed Specimen exposed Source cs. o.5l
100hrs, 750F, 70ksi 100hrs, 840F, 56ksi Allav TI-11Sn-5Zr-2 25Al-1Mo-0 21SI
shall not exceed shall not exceed Form 1 1/8 1Mb An~18l"0 forldnJ[*
0.1't creon strain 0.1't creen strain
Mlld-notch tensile 1.21.3 Condition Rnlutlon Treated lhr WQ
Solution RT TcnsUo Properllcs

~
times
(Preferred specimen, smooth Temp.-F Ftu F 0 RA
7 soc reference for tensUe ksi Jr oorcent percent
alternate specimens) strength 1700 194.6 169.0 6.0 23.7
r=0.0125 1675
1650
186.9
176.8
168.3
151.5
--
12.0
--
43.0
(a) Specimen to be held at temperature 30 minutes before 1600 176.2 152.0 12.0 41.0
testing. 1575 154.8 118.1 19.0 41.8
l (b) For section sizes up to 1 1nch m diameter or distance between 1550 155.8 104.7 18.0 39.1
'- parallel sides.
Machlned to 1/2 loch round, then solution treated.
 NONfE.RROU5 ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

Ti
3,0212 Effect of aging cycle ana specimen location on tensile
properties of forglng, Table 3, 0212.
3. 0213 Aglng response of forged bar quenched at various rates ~)
from the solution temperature, Table 3, 0213.
II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
Mo
0.25 Si TABLE 3. 0213
Source~ {5 _p,13)
Ti-679 Allov Tl-llSn-SZr-2 . 25Al-1Mo-O. 2151
TABLE 3.0212 Form 1 1/8 in fi<tuare Foran
Source Quench Rate From
Allo 1650F Solution Ftu FtY. e RA
Treatment IAl!inl! Treatment ksi ksl %
Form %
As Forged 151.2 136.5 14.0 49.9
1650F, lhr, WQ +age, AC
Condition ( 1n full section) Furnace Cooled 930F, 24hrs, AC 143.7 132,1 11.0 23.
ng c cs Furnace Cooled None 143.8 133.0 11.0 25.8
93DF, lhr 930F,12hrs 930F, 24hrs 1050, 24hrs Air Cooled 930F, 24hrs, AC 167.3 149.6 17.5 44.4
Air Cooled None 1.59.8 142.8 16,0 47.4
Ftu ksl 176.8 (1) 179.6 (1) 178.8 (1) 178.0 (1)
Water Quenched
188,5 (3) 191.9 (3) 192.9 (3) 179.2 (3) 930F, 24hrs, AC 199.6 130.01 10,0 32.9
162.9 (5) 167.8 (5) 173.9 (5) 175.1 (5) Water Quenched None i
176.8 151.5 12.0 43.0
Fty, ksl 154.4 (1) 158.0 (1) 158.0 (1) 161.0 (1) *Heat treated 1n full section size.
165.1 (3) 169.4 (3) 170.9 (3) 156.0 (3)
139.8 (5) 145.2 (5) 151.7 (5) 154.6 (5)
e, percent 12.0 (1) 12.0 (1) 11.0 (1) 10.0 (1)
12.0 (3) 11.0 (3) 10,0 (3) 16.0 (3)
14.0 (5) 18.0 (5) 10.0 (5) 12.0 (5)
RA, percent 41.0 (1) 40.0 (1) 40,0 (1) 33.5 (1)
45,3 (3) 41.4 (3) 35,3 (3) 42.1 (3)
48,0 (5) 47.0 (5) 42.0 (5) 32.2 (5)

See drawin
3,0214 Effect or quenching rate from the solution temperature
on the tsnslle properties of solution treated and aged
bar of various sizes, Table 3. 0214.

Cross-section of 12 lnch long Navajo forging

used for quenching studies.

TABLE 3,0214
Source (11)
Alloy Tl-llSn-SZr-2 . 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181
Form Rolled Bar
CondlUon 1650F, lhr mln. AC +930F 24hrs AC 1650F, lhr mln., 0Q+930F, 24hrs, AC
Heal Treated Section Size (1) F
~,. e RA
~~
Ftu e RA
Inch ~~ percent percent leal percent percent
3(edge)
3(conter)
151.0
150,5
----
127.5
21
18
42
34
170.0
169.0
h\2,0
139.0
18 40
16 34
2 158.5 131.5 16 31 174.0 145,0 14 32
11/2 160,0 135.5 17 29 179.5 147.0 18 33
1 160,0 134,0 17 31 182.0 150.0 14 31
1/2 166.0 147.0 17 30 194.0 163.0 12 ~.

(1) Orlglnally 3 1/2 Inches diameter

r.nnc- "Z711
 REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

(____ j 3.0215 Effect of beat treated section size on the teneUe

properties of forged bar, Figure 3.0215. Ti
3.0216 Variation In room temperature tensUe properties of
large ring forgings as a function of specimen location II Sn
and orientation, Table 3. 0216. 5 Zr
2.5 AI
I Mo
0.25 Si

Ti-679

TABLE 3.0216

Condition
Specimen
Location
pe:rcent

Edge Long 13.3 33.7

(14.7) (39. 7)
Mid-Radius 14.7 35.0
Center 143.3 14.0 35.0
(142.0) (15.7) (40.3)
Edge Long Trans 147.0 13.7 40.3
Mid-Radius II II
142.5 13.:~ 40.3
Center 139.6 42.3
(139.2) (44.0)
Edge Short Trans 148.2 40.0
(149.8) (41,3)
Mid-Radius 144.3 41.0
Center 138.4 38.3
(144.2) (37.7)

Flan

Heavy

(1) neat treated In full section size

(2) Each value average or three tests.
(3) Unbrncketed values - Forging No. 2
Braketed values - Forging No. 1 Both from same Ingot
 3.0217 Effect o150 hours exposure to elevated tempol:uture I
Ti with load on the room temperature tensile properties \ ...
or hammer forged compressor wheels, Table 3. 0217.
II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
I Mo
0.25 Si
TABLE 3.0217
Source 117 pp.12 13 15 and 161
Ti-679
Alloy_ Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2151
Form 24in diameter hammer forged compressor wheels
r.nn.!ltlnn ,,._ Ar. + 9~0F. 24hrs. AC
ln50F.
I Creen EXllOsure Conditions
Location-
Direction
Temp
F
Stress
ksi I
Time
br
I
Total Creep
percent
Suhsecuent RT Tensile Pronertics

~
Fty
ksl
c( lin)
percent
RA
_I>8~cent

Hammer Forl!ed Comnressor Wheel "A" !Sec Fh!. 3 03141

Web- Tang 152.8 137.1 15.0 34.2
UnTsed
Web-
Web-
Rim-
Tang
Tang
Tang
850
900 I 65
55
165
166
10.160
0.210
145.7
148.2
149.8
133.0
136.6
135.0
15.0
11.0
13.8
36.0
38.0
33.9
Rim- Tang 850 65 UnTsed 150 166.1 151.0 14.0 36.2
,0.144
Rim- Tang
Rim- Tang
Web-Radial
900
950 I 55
45
150
166
Unexposed
0.164
0.185
157.2
153.5
144.6
142.0
140.3
125.6
12.0
11.0
14.0
22.6
26.5
37.0
Web-Radial 950 I 45 [ 150 10.240 156.4 140.6 14.0 32.3
Hammer Forged Compressor Wheel ''B" (See Fig. 3. 0314)
Web- Tang Unexposed 155.1 138.2 12.5 32.3
Web- Tang 900 I 55 I
150 lo.164 157.2 142.0 12.0 22.6
Rim- Tang UnTsed 159.8 145.6 13.0 33.1
Rim- Tang 850
Web-Radial
I 65 150 jo.l44 166.1 151.0 14.0 36.2
Unexposed 154.0 139.1 13.8
Web-Radial 950
Both wheels trom same heat.
I 45 J150 Jo.240 156.4 140.0 14.0
41.7
32.3

0.250 Inch diameter specimens.

3.0218 Effect of 1000 hours exposure to elevated temperature

with load on the room tompcrature tensile properties
of hammer forged compressor wheels, Table 3. 0218.

TABLE 3 0218
Source (17 PP.l2 13 15 161
Alloy Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al- 1Mo-0.21Si
Form 24ln diameter hammer Corlled whAAla
r.nrvlltlnn
ereen Exposure Conditions
'""n1 lh,. AC+930F. 24hra. AC
Subsequent RT Tensile Properties
Location-
Direction
Temp
F
Stress
ksi
I Time
hr
I
Total Creep
nereeat
Ftu
ksl
Fty
~~
e(lln)
nercent
RA
ooreent
Hammer Forl!ed Comnresaor Wheel "A" !See Ft.r. 3.03141
I
U~aed
I
Rim - Tangential 149.8 135.0 13.8 33.9
Rim - Tangential
Rim - Tan~ntial
Web- Radial
850
900 I 65
55 I 1000
1000
Unexposed
I
0.408
0.364
156.0
156.8
144.6
145.3
1.42.1
125.6
14.0
15.0
14.0
28.9
28.9
37.0
Web- Radial 950 I 45 i 1000 I 1.668 149.2 135.5 6.0 8.7
0.250 Inch diameter speclmena

CODE 3711
REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Effect or 150 hours exposure to elevated remperature

with load on the room temperatur< teoNLe properties
Ti
of press-forge d compressor wheels, 'Table 3.0219 II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
Mo
0.25 Si

Ti-679

TABLE 3 0219
Source . (17 pp.lB 19 21 and 22)
Allov Ti-11Sn-5Z r-2. 25Al-1Mo-O . 21SI

For_m diameter oress for.g_ed compressor wheels

221n

Condlllon 1650F lhr AC + 930F 24hrs AC

I Creep Exposure Conditions I Subseauent RT Tensile Prooortles
Stress Time Total F e(lin) RA
Temp Ftu
Location-
DirecUon F ksl I hr Creep-% ksi lfli percent percr.nt

Press Forged Compressor Wheel "A" (See Fig. 3.0315)

34.8
I
Unexposed 148.5 133.5 13.0
Coupling- Axial
0.256 150.3 137.2 14.0 31.0
Coupling- Axial 900 55 150
45 150 0.679 149.4 133.3 12.0 17.7
Coupling- Axial 950
152.0 138.8 15.0 35.1
Coupling-Ta ng Unexposed
135.4 7.0 13.2
Coupling-Ta ng 1000 35 I 150 0.880 147.4
154.0 139.0 14.5 32.7
Rim-Tangen tial Unexposed
0.152 152.9 141.0 13.0 29.5

I
Him-Tangen tial 850 65 150
150 0.196 154.2 141.0 12.0 25.4
Rim-Tangen tial 900 55
150 0.264 154.4 141.0 10.0 19.8
111m- Tan1,ocntlal 950 45
Press F'orgcd Compressor \I 'heel "B" (Soe Fig. 3. 0315)
150.5 133.1 14.0 38.8
Coupling- Axial unexTsed 36.2
55 150 0.212 149.0 134.7 14.0
Coupling- Axial 900
150 0.372 151.5 137.6 9,0 13.9
Coupling- Axial 950 45
153.8 138.0 15.0 40.8
Coupling-Ta ng Unexposed
151.5 139.6 5.0 9.4
Coupling-Ta ng 1000 35 I 150 0.340
155.8 139.9 14.5 37.3
111m-Tangential Unexposed
150 0.128 l56.4 142.5 12.0 29.5
65

I
Hlm-Tanb'CIItial 850
150 0.156 154.2 140.0 13.0 27.5
Him-Tangen tial 900 55
150 0.160 155.0 140.5 H,O 28.8
Rim-Tangen tial 950 45
Wheels from di(fcrcnt heats.
0. 250 inch diameter specimens.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

Ti
3.02110 Effect of 300 hours exposure to elevated temperature with
load on room temperature tensUe properties of
compressor wheel forgings, Table 3. 02110.
u
II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
Mo
TABLE 3 02110
0.25 Si Source (12)
Alloy Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O, 21Si
Ti-679 Form 24 1/2 Inch diameter compressor wheel forllirur
Condition 1650F 1hr AC +930F 24hrs AC
300 hr Exposure At: Subsequent RT TensUe ProoorUes
Temp Stress Deforms- Fty Ftu e(11n) RA
Location Direction F ksi tion % kai kal percent percent
Rim Tangential 750 88 .419** 145.0 149.0 11.1 24.6***
Rim Radial 750 88 .476** 142.5 145.0 16.3 36.0
Coupling Tangential 750 88 .330** 142.3 145.8 12.9 10.9***
Coupling Radial 750 88 ,385** 140,0 141.0 13.2 29.4
Coupling Axial 750 88 .5oo 139.5 140.6 12.3 29.4
Hub Tangential 750 88 .333** 141.3 145.0 13.0 18.8***
Hub Radial 750 88 .374** 140.0 143.8 17.0 36.0
Rim Tangential 800 75 .195 140.5 148.0 15.9 39.2
Rim Tangential 800 75 .178 142.0 150.5 17.0 36.0
Rim Tangential 850 65 .154 139.0 149.0 17.1 39.2
Rim .Radial 850 65 .192 136.0 144.0 18.9 42.3
Coupling Tangential 850 65 .161 13!!.0 145,2 18.5 36.0
Coupling Radial 850 65 .283 132.0 141.0 15.6 36.0
Coupling Axial 850 65 .191 129.0 137.3 11.4 22.7
Hub Tangential 850 65 .227 137.0 148.5 12.2 18.8***
Hub Radial 850 65 .235 134.0 145.0 17.6 36.0
Rim Tangential None 135.6 150.2 14.5 40.1
Rim Radial None 133.6 150.4 14.0 42.5
Coupling Tangential None 137.6 154.8 14.5 43.7 ~ ..._.
Coupling Radial None 130.0 147.8 ll.!:i 30.5
Coupling Axial None 134.4 15J...4 14.5 41.4
Hub Tangential None 136.0 152.2 15.0 40,].
Hub Radial None 132.4 148.6 13.5 38.8

*Tests made after creep exposure without surface conditioning.

Approximately 50 to 75 percent of plsstlc deformation occurred on loading.
*hFracture originated at what is thought to be stress corrosion crack.

rum

:=70~~=-
Coupling Hub
Radi~Radial
Tangential
Coup
Tangential Hub Coup g Radial
Tangential Axial 1;.
A
HW. ' \-Hub \
Rad!lnl...l Tang
\ 1. Rim
I........!!....Radial
Section A-A
Co~

3.02111 Effect of 0,1 percent creep preatrsJn on the room temp-

erature tensile properties of forgiDgB, Figure 3. 02111.
3.02112 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on room
temperature tensUe properties of bar, Figure 3. 02112.
3.02113 Typical room temperature tension atreBB-atraln curve
for large ring forging, Figure 3. 02113,
3,022 Compression (see also 3,032).
3,0221 Stress-strain di8gram (see also 3. 0321)..
3.023 Impact (see also 3. 033),
3.024 Bendlng.
3.025 Torsion md sbesr (lee also 3. 035).
3.026 Bearing (see also 3, 036).
3.027 StrNs concentntlon <-also 3,03'1).
3.0271 Notch properties (see also 3,0371),
 REVISED : JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1..,_) 3. OZ'!ll Room temperature mUd DOlch strength of large ring 3.0272 Fracture toughness.
forging, Table 3. 02711. 3.028 Combined properties. Ti
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures II Sn
3,031 Tension.
3.0311 Effect of test temperature on tenslle properties of bar, 5 Zr
Figure 3. 0311.
TABLE 3 02711 3,0312 Varlation 1n large ring forging heavy sootion tensile 2.5 AI
Source (9 pp.58-59 and 63) properties as a function of specimen location,
orientation, and test temperature, Figure 3.0312. Mo
Allov T1-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al-1Mo-0.21S1
3.0313 Variation 1n large ring forging light section tensile
Form LarRe Ri~ Forltiru!: properties as a function of specimen location, orienta-
0.25 Si
Condition 16f>OF lhr Fan Cool + 930F 24hrs.AC(l l tion, and test temperature, Figure 3. 0313.
Specimen Specimen 3.0314 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of Ti-679
Location Orientation ~r(3> MUd Notch
Strength(4l -kat hammer forged compressor wheels, Figure 3.0314.
3.0315 Effect. of test temperature on tenslle properties of
Forld.n Heavv Section Properties (2) press forged compressor wheels, Figure 3. 0315.
Eclge Long 134 208 3.0316 Effect of test temperature on tenslle properties of
Center Long 129 205 forgings, Figure 3. 0316.
Edge Long Trans 134 3.0317 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on tensile
207
Mid-Radius long Trans
properties of bar at the exposure temperature,
128 203
Edge Shc.Tt Trans Ft:;ure 3. 0317.
134 204
Mid-Radius Sh-.lTt Trans 3.032 Compression (see also 3. 022).
130 201
3,0321 Effect of test temperature on compressive yield
'
\0/ 3.0322
strength of bar, Figure 3.0S21.
Effect of test temperature on compressive yield
strength of large ring forgings, Figu.re 3, 0322.

~ + ~3:
3,0323 Typical compressive stress-strain cutrves for lt,rge
Kt = 3.9

'
ring forging at room temperatu-re and 550F,
Figure 3,0323.
3.033 Impact.
1'=0.005 3.0331 Effect of test temperature Gil standard Charpy-V Impact
energy for bar., Figure 3. 0';31.
(1 l Heat treated 1n full section size. 3.034 Bending.
(2) See Table .3. 0216 for forging configuration and size. 3.035 Torsion and shear.
(3) Each value average of Utree tests. 3,0351 Effect of test temperature on ultimate shear strength
(4) Each value average of two tests. of bar, Figure 3. 0351.

3.027!.2 Effoot of exposure to elevated temperature on room

temperature smooth and mild-notch tensile properties
of la~ge forging, Table 3. 02712.

TABLE 3 02712
Source (9, pp. 53, 63, and 96-91)
Allov Tl-llSn-5 Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 21SI
Form Large lUng Forging
Condlllon 1650F 1hr Fan Cool + 930r' 24hrs, AC (1)
Exposure Specimen Specimen Subsequent RT Properties
Time/ Temp Locallon Orientation Ftu Fty e(11n) RA l\Ud-Notch(2)
ksl ksi percent percent Strength- ksl
Forging Heavy Section Properties (3) (4)
None Center Long 142 128 15.7 40.3
}IJOObrs/550F Center Long 142 129' 13.0 39.0
None Edge Long 146 133 14.7 39.7 207
l000hrs/550F Edge Long 150 137 15.0 35.5 203
(1) IleaL treatoo In lUll section size.
(2} So~ Table 3. 02711 for specimen drawing.
(3) See Table 3. 0216 for forging configuration and nlze.
(4) Each value average of two tests.
 ALLOYS REVISED : JUNE 1969

3. 0352 Ultimate shear strength or large ring forg'.ng at room 3. 03711 Effect or test temperature on mild-notch strength or
Ti temperature and 55 0F, Table 3. 0352. bar, Table 3. 03711.

II Sn
5 Zr TABLE 3.03711
TABLE 3 0352
2.5 AI Source (9. p.74) Source (7, pp. 293 and 297)
I Mo Allov Ti-llSn-SZr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 21SI Allov Ti-llSn-5 Zr-2. 25Al-ll\lo-0. 21SI
Form Large Ring Forging
0.25 Si Fo!'m 1/2xl 1/8 Inch rolled bar
Condition lfi50F 1hr Fan Cool.130F 24hrs AC(l Condition 1650F 2hrs AC + 930F 24hrs AC

Ti-679 Specimen SpeC>Imcn Test Fau (3)

Location (2) Orlentaclon (2) Temp-F ksl
~sy
Edge or Center
Edge or Center
Long
Long
(1) Heat treat<.'<! In full section Rlze.
RT
550

(2) Specimens 1. 000 Inch long by o. 250 inch In diameter

100.9
71.2
r I
o.fso t UJ87

'---- r=0.010
Kt =3
Long. Dlr.
'

taken from forging heavy section (see Table 3. 0216 for

forging configuration nod size). Test Temperature - F
(3) Each value average or duplicate te~ts.
70 400 300
F 1 *-ksl 138.6 100.3 83.1
N!'ls
~--
-ksl 218.7 175.6 1G4.8
*Er."h vnlue average of ten tests.
~.h V'>'';,c ~;cragc of duplicate tests,
3.036 Bznrlng.
3. 0361 Bea~llJ!I s~rcngthof large ring forging at room
teot.perature and 55 0F, Table 3. 0361.

3. 03712 Effect of test temperature on mild-notch strength or

TABLE 3 0361 forging, Figure 3.03712.
Source (9, p.'/5) 3. 03713 Smooth and crnck-notclll tensile properties or large
Alloy Ti-llSn-SZr-2. r:5:\l-1Mo-O. 21Si ring forging ns a function or specimen location and test
temperature in both unexposed and exposed (10QO hours,
Form Lari(C Rinlt Fqrltln ' s::.OF) conditions, Tablo 3. 03713.
Condition 1650F, 1hr, Fnn Cool.130F, 24hrs,AC1!J
Specimen S~ecimen Test Temp Fbru(3)
Location Ft'J(3) TABLE 3 03713
Orientation F ksi
Source j9, pp. 53-54 and 79)
Web(2) Long(2) RT 231.4 305.8 Alloy Ti-llSn-SZr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 21SI
Flange Long 550 176.7 231.0 Form Large Ring Forging
/--11/2::1 Condition 1650F 1hr Fan Cool +930F 24hrs AC(l)
! j-a/ Specimen

IJ
-ll-1/16 Specimen Heavv Section PrQilJ!rttes_l21
Location Orientation Test Temp Ft Crack Notch
0. 2500 diameter, F kli Strength-ksl
D, drilled and
reamed to 0. 001 ""-' lr Edge Short Trans
Unexposed
-110 158 88
maximum clearance
with loading pin
Center
Edge
Short Trans
Short "'Tans
-110
RT
---
135
93
103
I e/D-<2.0 Center Short Trans RT 129 104
Exposed
4 Edge Short Trans RT 135 107
I Center Short Trans RT 129 109

J \Go~
'
~
r .fso "~" ~
0.50 dl..

\JY
J-

I 00
Pre-cracked Round Bar
starter notch net dla 0. Gin; net dia reduced
(1) Heat treated In full section sl.ze (see table 3, 0216 for forging from 0. 6in to value shown by fatigue cracking
configuration and size). (1) Heat treated in full section size.
(2) See Fig. 3. 0313 for detail or forging light section. (2) See Table 3.0216 for forging configuration and size.
(3) Each volue average or duplicate tests.
(3) Specimens exposed 1000 hrs at 550F (unstressed) and tested
without surface treatment.

3.037 Stress concentration (see alao 3, 027). 3.0372 Fracture toughness.

3,0371 Not.::h properties (see also 3. 0271). 3.038 Combined properties.
 Tl
REVISED: JliNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3,04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties 3,048 Master creep curves for compressor wheel forgings,
3,041 Creep deformation curves !or bar at 800F, Flgllre
3.041. 3,049
Figure 3. 048. Ti
Room temperature mlld-notohcreep rupture properties
3,042 Creep deformation curves for bar at 900F, Flgllre
3,042.
of compressor wheel forgings, Table 3,049 II Sn
3,043 Creep deformation curves for bar at 1000F, 5 Zr
Figure 3. 043.
3.044 Mlnlmum creep rate curves for bar at 800, 900 and 2.5 AI
lOOOF, Figure 3. 044.
3,045 0.1 percent creep curves for forgings, Figure 3, 045. Mo
3,046 Time to 0.1 percent and o. 2 percent creep deformation
for compressor wheel forging, Table 3. 046. 0.25 Si

TABLE 3.046 Ti-679

Source (12)
Allov T1-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181
Form 24 1/21n dia Compressor Wheel Forgln@
Condition 1650F lhr, AC + 930F 24hrs AC
Time to
Creep 0.1% Creep 0.2% Creep
LDcation* Direction EXPOsure hrs hrs
Rim Tll!lgential 750F- 88 ksi 125 ---
Rim Radial " 183 ---
Coupling Tangential " 70 --
Coupling
Coupling
Radial
Axial
" 38o --
" 65 380**
Hub Tangential " 195 ---
Hub Radial " 140 ---
Rim Tangential 800F- 75 ksi 35 292
Rim Tangential " 50 385**
Rim Tangential 850F- 65 ksi
Radial
50 --
lUm " 15 345*"' TABLE 3 049
Coupling
Coupling
Tangential
Radial
" 62 --- Source (17 pp,14 16 19 and 221
" 6 62
Allov
Coupling Axial " 44 335** T1-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181
Hub Tangentilll " 12 155 Form Comoressor Wheel Forl!in..s
Hub Radial " 16 148
Condition 1650F, lhr, AC + 930F 24hrs AC
*See Table 3. 02110 for specimen locations within wheel forging RT Mild-Notch Craep Rupture Properties
**Extrapolated Stress at Failure Time to Failure
Location- Direction ksi ksi
3, 047 H=~riorm~ WlmAl "A'' ill_
300 hours creep deformation for comprc.~sor wheel Web-Radial 190(2) 5.1
forging, Table 3. 047
Web-Radial 190(2) 4.8
Web-Tangential 190(2) 0.4
TABLE 3 047 Web-Tangantial 190i21 0.4
Hammer Forged Compressor Wheel "B" (1)
Source (12) lUm-J\xial 180(3) 5.3
Alloy T1-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181 Rim-Axial 200(3) 0.2
Form 24 1/2in d1a Compressor Wheel Forging rum- Tangeatial 210(3) 0.2
Web-Radial 200(3) 1.6
Condition 1650F lhr AC + 930F 24hrs AC
Press Forged Compressor Wheel "A" (4)
Plastic De- 300hrs Cree~ Total300hre
Rim-Radial 190(5) 3.8
formation on Deforma- Plastic De- Rim-Radial 190(5) 0.6
Loading-- tion-- formation-
Location Direction Percent Coupling-Tangential 190(5) 4.9
Percent Percent Couolin2'-Tan~mntial 190151 4.6
75( F- 88 ksi Press Forged Compressor Wheel "B" 141
Rilll Tangential 0.279 0.140 0.419 Rim-Radial 190(5) 0.3
Rlru Radial 0.348 0.128 0.476 Rim-Radial 190(5) 0.1
Coupling Tangential 0.174 0.156 0.330 Coupling-Tangential 180(5) 5.2
Coupling Radial 0.304 0.081 0.385 Coupling-Tangential 190(5) 0.2
coupling
Hub
Axial
Tangential
0.322
0.210
0.178 0.500
r{o~
9
0.123 0.333
Hub Radlal 0 241 0 133
800F- 75 ksi
0 374
&'"~0.178 Kt"-3.8
Rim Tangential 0.000 0.195 0.195 - - - t _ _ r=O. 005
R1m_ 0 000 0 178 0.178 (1) See Fig. 3.0314 for wheel configuration; wheels "A" and ''B"
850F- 65 ksi from same heat.
Rim Tangential 0.000 0.154 0.154 (2) Stress Increased from 150 ksi In 10 ksilncrements approx-
Rim Radial 0.000 0.192 0.192 imately every 5 hrs.
coupling Tangential o.ooo 0.161 0.161 (3) Stress Increased from 170 ksiln 10 ksilncrements approx-
Coupling Radial 0.000 0.283 0.283 imately every 5 bra.
coupling Axial o.ooo 0.191 0.191 (4) See Fig. 3.0315 for wheel configuration; wheels "I<' and "B"
Hub Tangential o.ooo 0.227 0.227 from different heats.
Hub Radial 0.000 0.235 0.235 (5) Stress Increased from 180 kslln 10 ksllncrements approx-
See Table 3. 02110 for specimen location within wheel forging lmately every 5 bra.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

a.0410 Creep ruptUre properties of compretJsor wheel

Ti forging at 800 and 900F, '!'able a. 0410,

II Sn
TABLE a 0410
5 Zr
Source n21
2.5 AI Alloy T1-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 21St

Mo Form 24 l/2ln d!a Compressor Wheel Forging

Condition 1650F, lhr AC +9aOF 24hrs AC
0.25 Si Creep Exposure Time to
!ltress Temp Rupture
Location - Direction* ksl F hrs
Ti-679 Rim-Tangential 85 800 1171.8
Rim-Tangential 90 800 1001.0
Rim-Tangential 110 800 0.1
Rim-Tangential 95 900 7a.8
Rim-Radial 80 900 1670.6
Rim-Radial 95 900 226.9
Rim-Radial 100 900 1a7.0
Rim-Radial 100 91)0 195.0
Couplin~ Axial 100 100 1491.0**
Coupling- Axial 105 800 74a.o
Coupling-Axial 110 800 0.8
Counlinll'- Axial 90 900 191.7
See Table a. 02110 for specimen locations within wheel forging.
Test stU! In progress.

a.0411 Smooth and mlld-notch creep rupture properties of

forging at various temperatures, Table a. 0411.

.
TABLE a 0411
Source (16)
Alloy Ti-11Sn-5Ar-2,2 5Al-1Mo-0.21S1
Form ~5 In diameter x 1. a In thick Hammer Forging
Condition 1650F, 1 hr, AC + 9aOF, 24 hrs, AC
Temp
F
Stress
ksi
Test Duration
hrs
e( lin)
porcent
Smooth Specimen Results
I RA
percent

f
~

VI~
0.178

1
,1
750 108 aa2.6 No Rupture - Test Discontinued
750 85 550.1 No Rupture - Test Discontinued
850 100 184.5 No Rupture - Test Discontinued
850 80 407.5 No Rupture - Test Discontinued
950 90 18a.7 No Rupture -lest Discontinued
950 75 a21.6 17.7 a8.0
Mlld Notch Specimen Results

xo~

~ 0:252 ~78 ~ ~<t~3.9

~0. oos:. o. 0005

70 150 5.0 No Rupture - Stress Raised lOksl

160 17.1 No Rupture - Stress Raised lOksl
170 5.0 No Rupture - Stress Raised 10ksi
180 19.2 No Rupture - Stress Raised lOksi
190 5.5 No Rupture - Stress Raised 10ksl
200 17.5 No Rupture - Stress Raised lOksl
210 0.2 Rupture
Specimens from edge location, tangent1al direction.
Stress Increased from 150ks1 in 10ksilnerements If no failure In
times shown; notch rupturo:~ data all from a single specimen.
Forlt!DJt "A" Fig. a.Oal6.
 REVISED: JUNE 1969. NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I '
\_j 3,0412 Creep rupture properties of hammer forged and pres~
forged compressor wheels at various temperatures
using a combination specimen, Table 3,0412.
Ti
1.1 Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
.
TABLE 3 0412 Mo
Source n 7 on.13 15 18 and 211 0.25 Si
Alloy T1-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al-1Mo-0.21SI
Form Compressor Wheel Forgings
Condition
Ti-679
1650F lhr AC +930F 24hrs, AC
Stress Rupture Properties
Temp stress Specimen Time to Rupture e(lln) Location of Fallure
F ksi Location - Direction hrs percent
Hammer Forged Compressor Wheel "A"*
950 80.0 Web-Radial 23i.9 21.6 Smooth Section
1000 65.0 Web-Radial 190.0 29.6 Smooth Section
Hammer Forged Compressor Wheel "B"*
950 80.0 Web-Radial 198.8 22.6 Smootlll:ieet!On
1000 65.0 Web-Radial 107.5 27.9 Smooth Section
Press Forged Compressor Wheel "A"**
950 60.0 Rim-Tangential 726.8 23.9 Smooth Sectloo
950 60.0 Rim-Radial 879.1 22.6 Smooth Section
950 80,0 Rim- Tangential 152.7 21.3 Smooth Section
950 80.0 Rim-Radial 33.8 14.6 Smooth Section
1000 65.0 Rim-Tangential 123.5 27.9 Smooth Section
Rim-Radial 89.2 ----
Press Forl!ed Compressor Wheel "B"**
Notched Section

950 60.0 Rim-Tangential 1468.0 17.3 Smooth Sectlm

950 60.0 Rim-Radial 1631.5 29.9 Smooth Section
950 80.0 Rim-Tangential 215.2 19.9 Smooth Section
950 80.0 Rim-Radial 198.6 25.3 Smooth Section
1000 65.0 Rim-Tangential 154.4 17.3 Smooth Section
1000 65.0 Rim-Radial 151.1 27.9 Smooth Section

*See
nnd
**See
Fig. 3. 0314 for wheel configuration. Wheels "A"
"B" from same heat.
Fig. 3. 0315 for wheel configuration. Wheels "A"
f_
r=O. 006-----,

1----

0}250

1
1\0~
1E
-----11-- 3/4
8 -,
----~-
and "B" from different beats.
~ =3.8
Combination - Bar Specimen

3,064 Comparison of precision and convet~tional room

3,05 Fatigue Properties temperature static tensile moduli of elasticity for bnr,
3,051 Axial load smooth nnd mild-notch fatigue properties Table 3. 064.
for bar nt 70F, Figure 3. 051. TABLE 3.064
3.052 Axial load smooth and mild-notch fatigue properties for
bar at 400F, Figure 3. 052. Source (18,p.15)
3,053 Axial load &mooth and mild-notch fatigue properties Alloy Ti-llSn-5 Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181
for bar at 800F, Figure 3. 053.
3.054 Constant-life fatigue diagram for bar at several Form 2 1/4 In dla Rolled Bar
temperatures (smooth specimens), Figure 3. 054. Condition 1650F, lhr, AC + 930F, 24hrs, AC
3.055 Constant-life fatigue diagram for bar at several E(l) E(2)
temperatures (mild-notch specimens), Figure 3. 055. (Precision) (Conventional)
~~
Ft e(lln) RA
3.056 Axial tension smooth and mild-notch fatigue properties 103 ksi 103 ksi ks~ percent percent
of large ring forging at room temperature and 550F,
15.6 15.4 145.5 130.0 23.0 48.1
Figure 3. 056. 45.1
15 8 15 4 149.5 134.0 21 0
3.057 Mild-notch fatigue strength of forgings at 70 and SOOF,
Figure 3.057. 1- 11nG.L. __,

3.06 Elastic Properties ~ t0.250 In ~ Long. Dlr.

3.061 Static tensile modulus of elasticity at room and

3,062
elevated temperatures for bar, Figure 3.061.
Dynamic modulus of elasticity at room and elevated
1--- 1 1/4 ln---1
(1) Tuckerman strain measuring system used, measurement
temperatures for bar, Figure 3.062. sensitive to 2 x 10- 6 inch per Inch.
3.063 Static compressive modulus of elasticity at room and
(2) Conventional Riehle extensometer used.
elevated temperatures for bar, Figure 3.063
..
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

3.065 Precision static teosUe and compressi ve room temper- 4. 02 Machlning and Grinding
Ti ature moduli of elasticity for large ring forging, Machining this alloy Is somewhat difficult due to its
Table 3. 065. high rate of work hardening (16). Machining Is
II Sn accomplish ed with the same general techniques and
5 Zr degree of difficulty as other titanium alloys (16).

2.5 AI TABLE 3 065

Source (9,pp.93-9 4)
I Mo 4. 05 Heat Treatment
Alloy 'rt-l1Sn-5Z r-2.25Al-1 Mo-0.21Si
0.25 Si Form Large Ring Forging (1) 4. 05 Surface Treatment
Condition 1650F 1hr Fan Cool~30F 24hrs. ACOO
Ti-679 Precision
Static Elastic
Test Specimen Specimen Modulus (3)
Direction Location Orientation 000 ksl
Tension Edge Long E=l5.7
Tension Edge Long Trani E=l6.1
Compressi on Edge Long Ec=l6.1
Compressi on Edge Long Trani Ec=l6.5
(1) Specimens extracted frOm heavy section of forging.
See Table 3. 0216 for forging configurati on and
size.
(2) Heat treated In full section size.
(3) Tuckerman Optical Strain measuring system used.
Each value average of three tests on same specimen.

4. FABRICATION .,
4.01 Formabilit y
4.011 Forging
To develop the best combinatio n of mechanical
properties, this alloy Is forged at 1650F. During
final forging, the entire piece must he worked below
1730F, the beta transus temperatu re. Large amounts
of forging work (by reductions of 8:1 or 9:1 In
upsetting, for Instance) produce 135-140 ksl yield
strength for the duplex annealed condltioD (28).
The forgeablllty of this alloy Is good, being, in terms
of cracking resistance , about the same as TI-8Al-1M o-
1V but not as good TI-6Al-4V or TI-6Al-6V- 2Sn
(10,p.l4).
The forgeablllty of an alloy Is not only concerned with
the amount of plastic deformatio n 1t can Withstand
Without cracking but also the energy needed to deform
the material and the allowable forging temperatur e
range. This alloy Is compared with other titanium
alloys with respect to these variables in Table 4. 0111.
4.0111 Forging characteri stics of THl79 and other titanium
alloys, Table 4. 0111.

TABLE 4.0111
Source flO, p, 14)
Alpha Beta Requlrod
Trans us Trans us Die Forging Pressure8
Alloy Type + 25 F + 25 F Rango. F lOOOpsl Resistance to Cracking
Commercia lly Pur< Alpha 1660 1760 1550-1700 65-75
TI-5Al-2.5 Sn Alpha 1735 1900 1775-1850 75-85 Good
TI-8Al-1Mo-1V Alpha-Beta 1700 1900 1775-1850 75-85 Fair-Good
TI-5Al-5Sn -5Zr Alpha 1715 1815 1700-1800 75-85 Poor-Fair
Tl-7 Al-12Zr Alpha 1710 1825 170G-1800 75-85 Fair
IMl-679
TI-6Al-4V
Alpha-Beta
Alpha-Beta
----
----
1750
1820
1650-1725 75-85 Fair-Good
1650-1800 75-85 Good- Excellent
TI-6Al-4V -ELI Alpha-Beta ---- 1820 1650-1800 75-85 Good- Excellent
TI-6Al-6V-2Sn
TI-7Al-4Mo
Alpha-Beta
Alpha-Beta
----
----
1735
1840
1575-1675
168G-1825
65-75 Excellent
75-85
TI-4Al-4Mn
TI-13V-11 Cr-3Al
Alpha-Beta
Beta
----
----
1700
1325
150G-1650
1600-1800
65-75
Good
Good
85-100 Excellent
aFar forging In hydraulic press; approxima tely 50 percent more energy
should be added to these figures for hammer
forgings as titanium alloys are strain rate sensitive.
 REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I 42
"'~--~
; ' Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2.2 5Al-1Mo-0.21Si 2600
1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1650F, 2HRS, AC + 930F, 24HRS, AC Ti-Si DIAGRAM
Ti
40 ,...- II Sn
__ ....,
2200 I

. . .--:r 5 Zr

-- --
_.. / p+nsst3
~ 2.5 AI
38
.,.., .,.., ~ ""~ 1800 /
~
...-_..
/
~---- ~ Mo
.u
ll; ...-.,..,- ~ K~Xi'. . J 0.25 Si
-~
~
I'Ll
36
cr' 1400
f.
z Ti-679
Q
RT HARDNESS
,\ 01 ex. +Tt5 Si3
~ I
:X: 34
1000
I I
EXPOSURE TIME
0 1 2 3
0 AS-RECEIVED
WEIGHT- PERCENT SILICON
32 0 10 HRS
6100 HRS
FIG. 2.0122 Ti-S! BINARY PHASE DIAGRAM SHOWING COMPOUND
0 1000 HRS
FORMA"CION Tl5 St3 (5, p.8)
30 I I I I
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
EXPOSURE TEMP - F
FIG. 1.061 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURE ON
ROOM TEMPERATURE HARDNESS OF BAR. (7, p. 302)
10
Ti-llSn-5 Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 21SI
1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC

r;:;- THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

!-<

""
&r6
~
ll;
ALL BETA Ti-llSn-5 Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 25Si I'Ll
1730 ll. 4 MEASUREMENT IN SHO* TRANSVERSE DffiECTION
!-< 0 RUN 1
1700 ""
:::>
!-<
e RUN2
SAME SPECIMEN

~
2
0 200 400 GOO 800 1000 1200
1600
TEMP- F

FIG. 2.0131 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF BAR (7, p. 321)

1500
""
I
ll.
::0
I'Ll
!-< 1400 et+jJ + COMPOUND
FC, 143.4FTU
131.3FTY 7
TI-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 21SI
1300 1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
AC, 167.3FTU ""
ll;
I'Ll
1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
149.6FTY ll.G MEASUREMENT IN LONG DffiECTION
i!S SPECIMEN 1/2 x 5/8 x 3 UlCHES LONG
WQ, 199.6FTU
1200 ll;
180.0FTY I'Ll
ll.
i!S5
1100 "'...
I
0
MEAN COEFFICIENT LINEAR
THERMAL EXPANSION FROM RT TO
0 10 20 30 40 50 TEMP INDICATED
4
TIME - MINUTES
0 200 400 GOO 800 1000
FIG. 2.0121 TIME-TEMPERA TURE-TRANSFO RMATION DIAGRAM
(STRENGTH VALUES SHOWN ARE IN UNITS OF KSI AND TEMP- F
ARE FOR SPECIMENS SOLUTION TREATED AS SHOWN
AND AGED 930F, 24 HRS, AC) (5, p. 13) FIG. 2.0141 THERMAL EXPANSION FOR BAR (7, p.329)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

0.3
Ti Ti-11Sn-5Z r-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2151
1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
II Sn 1650F, 2HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
&:;' 0.2
5 Zr
~
2.5 AI
Mo
II:
1<1
II.
::>
0,1
I I -
!-< SPECIFIC HEAT
0.25 Si ~

Ti-679
0 I I
0 200 400 600 800 1000

TEMP- F

FIG. 2. 0151 SPECIFIC HEAT FOR BAR (7, p.218)

100
Ti-11Sn-5Z r-2.25 Al-1Mo-0.25 51
BAR

25 80
,__.
::= ~
a ~
~ 60
::= ELiCTRICA L rESISTIVr Y

40
0 400 800 1200 1600
TEMP- F

FIG. 2.0221 ELECTRICA L RESISTIVITY 200

Ti-11Sn-5Z r-2. 25Al-1Mo-0 , 21SI
(4, p. 2)(5, p. 4) SQUARE FORGINGS
~
1650F, 1 HR, WQ + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
1 180
::>

~
t: FTU
160 L_......
~
r-
(> MACHINED FROM <>
AS FORGED 4 INCH SQUARE
SECTION S>;:CTION
0 6 OUTSIDE
A CENTER
160-

~
(
!:!
I
FTY
~
>-
f-o
140 "'
<> LONGITUDINAL <>
(TRANSVERSE NOT
SIGNIFICANTLY
DIFFERENT )

0
-~ e
1--

F"
0
4 3 2
HEAT TREATED SECTION SlZE, INCHES SQUARE
FIG. 3.0215 EFFECT OF HEAT TREATED SECTION SIZE
ON THE TENSlLE PROPERTIE S OF FORGED
BAR (8)
REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
Mo
0.25 Si

Ti-679

Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2.2SA1 -1Mo-0.21Si
15 INDIA X 1. 3 IN THICK HAMMER FORGING
(FORGING "A", FIG. 3.0316)
1650F, 1 lffi, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
0. 25 INDIA SPECIMENS FROM MID-RADIUS LOCATION,
RADIAL DffiECTION
SPECII\1El'IS CREEP PRESTRAINED 0.1 PERCENT, THEN REDUCED INDIA
0. 005 IN BY POLISHING PRIOR TORT TENSILE TESTING.
( )CRE~P PRESTRAIN STRfSS- KSI
170 (6Q-80) (46-58)--t--

160

140

~
~~~~~~~~"~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 140 ~
E-o
"'
50

40

!; 30
Iii
u
p::
Iii 20
"' 10

0
700 800 900 1000 1100

CREEP PRESTRAIN TEMP- F

FIG. 3.02111 EFFECT OF 0.1 PERCENT CREEP PRESTRAIN ON ROOM TEMPERATURE

TENSILE PROPERTIES OF FORGING (16)
 ~ ... __)
Ti
II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
I Mo
0.25 Si

Ti-679
170
T!-llSn-SZr-2. 25 Al-1Mo-O. 215!
1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1650F, 21ffiS, AC + 930F, 24 lffiS, AC
RT TESTS, LONGITUDINAL DmECTION
160 0.250 INCH DlAMETER SPECIMENS
DUPLICATE TESTS UP TO lOOOF,
SINGLE TESTS ABOVE 1000F

FTU
150
~
-....::
~ .... ~
::-...
IJ 0.. ~'
,...140 150
~
I
::> y
rt ___. ~
FTV
130 140 ~
~

~
;r-o-c., ?-- I
><
rt
120 EXPOSURE TIME 130
0 AS RECEIVED
0 10 HRS
6 100 lffiS
110 0 1000 lffiS
60 <:> <:>

40 ""'::':
-- ~
RA

e(2 IN)
~
.....
',o
[]
''
;'\ 00 -
0 I
0 200 400 600 BOO 1000 1200
EXPOSUI!E TEMP - F

FIG. Z.02112 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED '!"EMPI::RATURE ON ROOM

TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF BJ.IR (7, pp. 305-306)

CODE 3711
 REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I
\ _)_.
Ti-llSn-SZr-2 . 25Al-1MD-O. 2161
Ti
zoo LARGE RING FORGING - II Sn
1650F,1HR, FANCOOL+9 30F, 24HRS, AC
HEAT TREATED IN FULL flECTION SIZE 5 Zr
(SEE TABLE 3.0216 FOR FORGING CONFIGURATION AND SIZE)
-

---
160 2.5 AI
....... I Mo
I r--... 0.25 Si

80
I TENSION
Ti-679

40

0
0.02 0,04 0,06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0. 14 0.16
0
STRAIN - IN/IN
FIG. 3. 02113 TYPICAL ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSION STRESS- STRAIN CURVE FOR
LARGE
RING FORGING (9, p. 45)

T1-11Sn-5Zr-2 .25Al-1Mo-0.2 1St

1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1650F, 2 iffiS, AC + 930F, 24 lillS, AC
160
0 0 HEATA
e HEATB

140

~120 l40
I
::>
E-t
'"' 100

80

60 80

GO
60
!;1
1'1
0
1>:
1'1
llo 40

I 20

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEST TEMP- F

FIG. 3.0311 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATU RE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES

OF BAR (1, pp. 293-296)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

Ti
II S!"'
5 Zr
2.5 AI
Mo
0.25 Si

Ti-679 ..
200
Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 21Si
LARGE RING FORGING
1650F, lliR, FAN COOL + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
180 HEAT TREATED IN FULL SECTION SIZE
SAME RING FORGING AS IN FIGURE 3. 0313

160
~ ~ ..... (SEE TABLE 3,0216 FOR FORGING CONFIGURATION
AND SIZE)

~
~ 140 .......... ~ u
....... ...
160
~
I
~--.......

--- --:.:::: -A--

::>
t:: ......:: ~..........
~ FTU

--
120
..... .......... ... 140
....... ~ r--.
100
0 ~ .............. H- 120 ~

~
...............
, .......
..............
-............: ......
100 ~
I
><
!-<

HEAVY SECTION PROPERTIES

~
~-
CENTER EDGE
LONGITUDINAL 0
0 80
LONG- TRANS 0

SHORT - TRANS A ...

60 > EACH POINT AVERAGE OF THREE TESTS ~> 60

RA L--- L-A--
~ 40
CJj

0
Q
.a;

~

~
if
20
- .. n
'!).
c(1 IN)
~

0
-200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600

TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0312 VARIATION IN LARGE RING FORGING HEAVY-SECTION TENSILE PROPERTIES
AS A FUNCTION OF SPECIMEN LOCATION, ORIENTATION, AND TEST
TEMPERATURE (9, pp.53-55)
 REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

.__ )
Ti
II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
Mo
0.25 Si
,
200r-----~------------~------------~-------------------
Ti-679
Tl-llSn-SZr-2. ~5 Al-1Mo-O. 21SI
1801--- LARGE RING FORGING
1650F, 1 HR, },'AN COOL+ 930F, 24 HRS, AC
HEAT TREATEJ) IN FULL SECTION SIZE
SAME RING FORGING !\5 IN FIGURE 3.0312
~ 160 1---t-~;:--i
I

...::>
~

140 1--~M----+-

100 1 - - - - 1 - - - - 1 -
LIGHT SECTIO!'i Pr~OPERTIES
o FLANGE- LONG
e FLANGE- SHORT TRANS
COMPLEX GP.AIN FLOW AREA - LONG TRANS
A WEB- LONG TRANS
EACH POINT AVERAGE OF THREE TESTS
LONG
--1
LONG TRANS

80
FLANGE
SHORT TRANS

(SEE TABLE 3.0216 FOR COMPLETE 60

60 FORGING CONFIGURATION AND
SIZE)

RA

0 L-----~----~------~----~----~----~~----~----~600
-200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 soc
TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0313 VARIATION IN LARGE RING FORGING LIGHT-SECTION TENSILE PROPERTIES
AS A FUNCTION OF SPECIMEN LOCATION, ORIENTATION, AND TEST
TEMPERATURE (9. pp. 56-57)
 I I

I NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

160 l..Jl
Ti T1-11So-5Zr-2.2 5Al-1Mo-0.21Sl
HAMMER FORGED COMPRESSOR WHEELS
II Sn 1650F, 1 HR, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
0.250 INCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS
5 Zr
140 160
2.5 AI
Mo
0.25Si 120 140
~
Ti-679 b
!-<
"" 100 120

~
t
><
80 100 ...!-<
WHEEL
''B"
60 WEB RADIAL
WEB TANGENTIAL 80
:~ RIM AXIAL
... RIM T ANGENTlAL

FORGINGS FROM SAME HEAT

60 60

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEbTTEMP- F
FIG. 3. 0314 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TEN3ILE PROPERTIES OF HAMMER
FORGED COMPRE&'OR WHEELS (17, pp.12 and 15)

WHEEL"A"

WHEEL"B"

CROSS SECTIONS OF COMPRESSOR WHEELS INVESTIGATED

REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
160
II Sn

~ Tf-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al-l~0.21S1
PRESS FORGED COMPRESSOR WHEELS
5 Zr
2.5 AI
140
"' ~
1650F, 1 HR, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
0.250 mCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS 160
Mo

~
0.25 Si
t'-.. 140 Ti-679
I

~ ~
~
::::>

100
""- li: ~ l.20

~
~-
I

80
~
I 100 r..
~
I 0~
~
WHEEL WHEEL
60 "A" "B" 80

0 WEB RADIAL
A RIM TANGENTIAL

60 <
0
0
COUPLING AXIAL
COUPLING TANGENTIAL
FORGmGS FROM DIFFERENT HEATS <~ 60

40

I-+ -
0

0
RA

-- ...

20
c....
~ -
0
,...
~
..
e(l IN)

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEST TEMP- F

FIG. 3.0315 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATUR E ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF PRESS

FORGED COMPRESSOR WHEELS. (17, pp. 18 and 21)

CROSS SECTION OF COMPRESSOR WHEELS INVESTIGATED

 I~ VI~ r 1:.'"''"' VU;:) ALLUT:: REVISED: JUNf~ 1969

180
Ti TI-11Sn-5Zr- 2. 25Al-1Mo-0. 21SI
FORGINGS
II Sn

"'
0 0 FORGING "A": 1650F, 1 l!R, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
e FORGING "B": 1650F, 1 HR, OQ + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
5 Zr 160
O. 250 INCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS FROM MID-RADIUS
2.5 AI (FORGING "A") C'R WEB (FORGING "B") LOCATION,

"' ~
RADIAL DmECTION
Mo EACH POINT AVERAGE OF DUPLICATE TESTS
0.25 Si 140 1GO

Ti-679

_120
~
I

"~ ~
FTU

...._ --
r----
~
- 140

~ i'-..
0
!-o
~

100 120

~ "\
80
"'~ FTY ~
r--
100

I
~
~ 80
~--

80'<> GO
<

---- -
RA _.r:r"
GO
~
~
[:l4o
=
~ / e(11N)
20
-4-
0
0 200 400 GOO 800 1000 1200
TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0316 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATU RE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF FORGINGS
(16)

- / ----~-. L---
1.3.
;_~, ~
' ' . -
lh.- j
15dla - - - - -
FORGING "A" (HAMMER)

~--
3.2

lJ
llo------------ 16 dla ----- ----- ----1
FORGING "B" (UPSET & HAMMER)

COOl" ':{711
L 160
Ti11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al- 1Mo-O. 21Si
Ti
1/2 x 11/8 INCH ROLLED BAR II Sn
1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
140 - 0.250 INCH DIAMETER Sl'ECIMENS
160
5 Zr
DUPUCATE TESTS UP TO 1000F, SINGLE
TESTS ABOVE 1000F L 2.5 AI
120
-:::::::---.
-.:;
~--.::
FTu
140 Mo
0.25 Si
~~ -- - 120
~ 100
) .....,~ ~ Ti-679
I I
::> .... ><
'-o
""'"' 80
, 100
""'"'
- r--
-. .....
''
60
~ t::-- FTY
80
~
R::::.,....,.,
EXPOSURE TIME ......
-..a
40 UNEXPOSED
0 0,25 HR
......
60
D 10 HRS
6 100 HRS '
0 1000 HRS
20
~

~
r.l
u
100
80

60
-r--i- "'
RA
cr-
>
-1
..... ...c .....
/

!>:;
lol 40
__c . . . .,...(
"" 20
e(2 IN)

,. -~, u

0
GOO 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200
EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMP- F

FIG. :1.0317 EFFECT OF EXPOSURB TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURE 0N TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF BAR AT THE EXPOSUHE TEMPERATURE.. (7,pp.146
and 305-306)

160
Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2151
1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1G50F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
140 \. t;A..;i: POINT AVERAGE OF FIVE TESTS

~
SPECIMENS 0.475 INCH DL\METER, 2.5
INCHES LONG
L
120 '\.

~ Fey
100
' ...............
~~
80 .......

GO
0 200 400 600 sou 1000 1200

TEST TEMP- F

......... ,,: FIG. 3.0321 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON COMPRESSIVE YIELD

STRENGTH OF BAH. (7, p. 299)

CODE 3711
 NUI'H'I:.I"H1UU~ ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

200
Ti Tt-11Sn-5 Zr-2, 25Al-1Mo- O. 2181 ....... ;

II Sn LARGE RING FORGm'G

l.650F, 11ffi, FAN COOL+ 930F, 24 HRS, AC
5 Zr HEAT TREATED m FULL SECTION SIZE
\~'E:Z TABLE 3,0216 FOR FORGm'G CONFIGUR
ATION
2.5 AI AND SIZE)

I Mo
0.25 Si 150

Ti-679

100
EDGE- LONG

EDGE - LONG TRANS

1
.
FORGmGN O.
2 a

.
CENTER - LONG TRANS 0

SPECIMEN S FROM HEAVY SECTION OF FORGWGS

EACH POINT AVERAGE OF 1WO TESTS

50 L------L------~----~-----L------L-----~---
-200 -100 0
---~--~
100 200 300 400 500 600
TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0322 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA TURE ON COMPRES SNE
YIELD STRENGTH OF
LARGE Rm'G FORGWGS
(9, pp, 71-72)

200
~
COMPRESSION 140 ,.--- Tt-llSn-SZ r-2. 25Al-1Mo- 0, 21Si
0.625 DIAMETEH TESTS . 1/2 x 1 1/8 m'Cii ROLLED BAR
\ 1650F, 2 lffiS, AC + 930F, 24 !iRS, AC
160

RT 120 -- L
1. 750 ~
~
120 100 r-- ........
...____
ffl
fil
II:
55 0F
------..~FTy

~
(-< 80 -
"' so
f--J"
1'1-llSn-SZ r-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181
LARGE ltm'G FORGm'G
40 t-
40 1650F, 1Iffi, FAN COOL+ 930F, 24 HRS, AC 30
HEAT TRP.ATED m FULL SECTlON SIZE "' t-
~ [.....--
(SEE TABLE 3.0216 FOR FORGn<G
E!. 20 - ~
CONFIGURATION AND SIZE) r.. c--
~-
0
10 - , - CIIAR PIV-
0 .004 0 A
.008 .012 .016 .020
RT 400 500 600 700 800
STRAIN- m 1m
TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0323 TYPICAL COMPRESSIVE STRES5-STRAIN CURVES FOR
LARGE FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA TURE ON STANDARD
RING FORGm'G AT ROOM TEMPERA TUIU: AND 550F
CHARPY V IMPACT ENERGY FOR DAR . r
(9, pp. 67-68)
(7, pp. 146 and 309)

con~
 REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS 'ALLOYS

'
I
/
" ....
._ 110
T1-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al-1Mo-0.21S1
1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
Ti
1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC II Sn
EACH POINT AVERAGE OF FIVE TESTS
90
L
5 Zr
~ 2.5 AI
70
Mo
0.25 Si
50
0 200 400 600 BOO 1000 1200 Ti-679
TEST TEMP- F

FIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON ULTIMATE SHEAR

STRENGTH OF BAR (7, p.301)

- 220
Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al-1Mo-0.21S1
15 INCHES DIAMETER x 1.3 INCHES THICK
HAMMER FORGING (FORGING "A" FIGURE
200 ~ 3.0316)
1650F, 1 HR, AC + 930F, 24 HRS. AC

~ ['.,. SPECIMENS FROM MID-RADIUS LOCATION,

RADIAL DffiECTION

180

160
"" ~s
....,.......___,
r----...,
~
140
~ ~07 "
''
~
!
~ 120
' ',
''
o.f52
'J
_r=O, 0050.0005
"t = 3. 9
-
''' r,
100 ..........
......... FTY

80
1---
--- . .._
~--
.... ....
''
'
60
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3,03712 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON MILD-NOTCH STRENGTH
OF FORGING (16)
 H L.L.V I w ni:.YI;:)II:.U; .JUNt 1969

120 r-----r-------------~----r-------------~----~-----------,,----,
Ti T1-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al-1Mo-0 .21Sl
1/2 x 11/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
II Sn 1850F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
0.250 INCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS
5 Zr 110 1------1--- TEST TEMPERATURE, 800F
L
2.5 AI
0 1 PERCENT 0.2 PERCENT
Mo
0.25 Si

Ti-679

~ 90~---+------~~--Q---~~------~~~----r------------r~--;
I
gj
~

~ 80 ~----~------------~--~~----------~r---_,

GOL-----~------------~----~--------------~----~------------~-----J
0.5 1 10 100 100J
TIME- HR
FIG, 3.041 CREEP DEFORMATION CURVES FOU BAR AT 800F (7' p.308)

110
Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181
1/2 x 11/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
0.250 INCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS
100 TEST TEMPERATURE, 900F

90
0.1 0.5
PERCENT 2.0 PERCENT CREEP

Eil 80
:.:
I

rz
!;!
foo
"' 70

GO

50
0.5 1 10 100 1000
TIME- HR
FIG, 3.042 CREEP DEFORMATION CURVES FOR BAR AT 900F (7, p.308)

COD!" ~711
( j 60 r-----r-------------r-----r-~----------~----r-----------~----~
' ....-/ T1-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181 Ti
1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC L II Sn
0.250 INCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS
50 TEST TEMPERATURE , 1000F 5 Zr
o.os I 0.1 0.2 0.5 2.0 2.5 AI
PERCENT PERCENT PERCENT PERCENT PERCENT
Mo
40 0.25 Si

Ti-679

20

10 L-----~------------~----~------------~----~----------~L---~
0.5 1 10 100 1000
TIME- HR
FIG. 3. 043 CREEP DEFORMATION CURVES FOR BAR AT 1000F (7, p.308)

\.., .........

Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al- 1Mo-O. 2151

1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
120 I-- 1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
-
o. 250 INCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS L

100
v
800F Vo
v
80 --::;7
7 b.
900~
~
~ b.

0 ~

7
~
~ b.

... v

v
llJ
40 [J
v
[J

20

/"'
v
0
-
10 5 10
-4
10-3 10-~
.. 4 , ; MINIMUM CREEP RATE - PERCENT PER HR
(7. p. 308)
FIG. 3.044 MINIMUM CREEP RATE CURVES FOR BAR AT 800, 900, AND 1000F

CODE 3711
 100
Ti Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2.2 5Al-1Mo-0.21Si
0 0 6 0 - - FORGING "A": 1650F, 1 HR,
II
5 Zr
Sn
80
.... AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
---FORGING ''B": 1650F, 1 HR,
OQ + 930F, 24 HRS, AC ~
2.5 AI 0.178 INCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS: MID-RADIUS IFORGING "A~
~
OR WEB (FORGING "B") LOCATION, RADIAL DmECTION
~
0 TEST
I Mo SEE FIGURE 3.0316 FOR FORGING CONFIGURATIONS
~TEMPEITURE
0.25 Si 60

Ti-679 ~
I
85~~
-a..
r----a_ "-..750~
gj ~
~40
I--850F
Ul
"'-
20
950F '-..
'-..... ,......_
~ ~~
0.1PERCENT CREEP

.... 950F

$1r50F
0
1 10 100 1000 10000

TIME- HRS
FIG. 3. 045 0.1 PERCENT CREEP CURVES FOR FORGINGS
(16)

100 r-------~--------~------~------~--------,-------~
Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2.2 5Al-1Mo-0.21Si
90 COMPRESSOR WHEEL FORGINGS
1650F, 1 HR, AC + 930F, 24 Ims, AC
0.250 INCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS
80

so 1----o.

WHEEL" A" WHEEL ''B" WHEEL "A" WHEEL "B"

30 WEB-TANG 0
RIM-TANG 0 a'
WEB-RADIAL 0
RIM-RADIAL 6 V
OPEN SYMBOLS, 0.1 PERCENT PLASTIC DEFORMATION
CLOSED SYMBOLS, 0.2 PERCENT PLASTIC DEFORMATION
*SEE FIGURE 3.0314 FOR FORGING CONFIGURATIONS;
BOTH FORGINGS FROM SAME HEAT
**SEE FIGURE 3.0315 FOR FORGING CONFIGURATION;
20 l_~~~~FR~O~M~~~~~~~!_______~------~------__j
27 28 29 30 31 32 33
P a (T+460)(log t+20) x 10-3
;
FIG. 3.048 MASTER CREEP CURVES FOR COMPRESSOR WHEEL FORGINGS (17, ......,._ ....
pp.13,16,19, and 22)

CODE 3711
REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
I Mo
0.25 Si

Ti-679
140

Tl-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181

1/2 x 11/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
AXIAL FATIGUE, TENSION (SINUSOIDAL)
120 SURFACE:LONGITUDINAL POLISH 5 RMS
FREQUENCY:2 500CPM
0
TEST TEMPERATURE , 70F

100 L

80

A= OD (R~1. 0), Kt.=3

20
NOTCHED, Kt. = 3

0
6
10
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3.051 AXIAL LOAD SMOOTH AND MlLD-NOTCH FATIGUE PROPERTIES FOR BAR AT 70F (7. pp.312-313)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

Ti
II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
Mo
0.25 Si

Ti-6 79

140

Ti-11S n-5Zr- 2.25Al -1Mo-0 .21Si

1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
AXIAL FATIGUE, TENSION (SINUSOIDAL)
120
SURFACE: LONGITUDINAL POLISH 5 RMS
FREQUENCY: 2500CPM
-
TEST TEMPE RATUR E, 400F

L
100
r-- I
~ A=0.67 (R=0.2 0), ~<t=l
r---
- r-a-----r---o. 1-

A=oo(R=-1,0), ~<t=1

40
- - A=O. 67 (R-O. 20), Kt=3
I -,
.....
20
~ A= oo(RJ l.O),K t[ ~
SEE FIGURE 3r51 FOi SPECIMEN COiiG
URAr ONS

10 6
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG, 3.052 AXIAL LOAD SMOOTH AND MILD-NOTCH
FATIGUE PROPE RTIES FOR BAR AT 400F(7
, pp. 312-31 3)

....
r:nnC' -:z-,.
 REVISED: .JUNE .1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

~~~.'
l ;,
'!Y
140

Ti
:~: T1-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 2181
1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR II Sn
t' 120
1650F. 2 HRS, AC + 930F I 24 HRS, AC
AXIAL FATIGUE, TENSION (SINUSOIDAL) 5 Zr
SURFACE: LONGITUDINAL POLISH 5 RMS

'
FREQUENCY:2500CPM 2.5 AI
TEST TEMPERATURE, 800F
Mo
~
L
100

~
0.25 Si
f, ~
:.:: Ti-679
:-
".,
I
gj
~ 80
1-<>-----:::--
r',. ~
rn ~ ,__ A=0.67 (R=0.20), Kt=1

s 1-----1--

--
,,
r
~
l'
~'r -~ 60
, <;
- V'

~ A=oo(R~1.0), Kt=1

~
'~ 0

-
l: 40 ~

f.

20
-
~
A= co (R~l.O), t~=3
. .
.' SEE FIGURE 3.r1 FOi SPECIMEN CONFiGURA~ONS

106
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3.053 AX1AL LOAD SMOOTH AND MILD-NOTCH FATIGUE PROPERTIES FOR BAR AT SOOF (7, pp.312-313)

A= 2.33 1.5 1 0

A=cn
R=-1.0
120

~100
I

gj 80
~
rn 60

140
::;l 20

MINIMUM STRESS - KSI

FIG. 3.054 CONSTANT-LIFE FATIGUE DIAGRAM FOR BAR AT SEVERAL TEMPERATURES (SMOOTH
SPECIMENS) (7, pp. 192, 312)
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: JUNE 1969

1.5 1 0.67 0
Ti
II Sn
5 Zr
2.5 AI
Mo A= "'
0.25 Si 120

Ti-679 ~100
I
g;J
l'l 80
~
"'m60
~40
20

-120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 200

MINIMUM STRESS, KSI
FIG. 3.055 CONSTANT-LIFE FATIGUE DIAGRAM FOR BAR AT SEVERAL TEMPERATURES (MILD-NOTCH
SPECIMENS, Kt=3) (7, pp. 193, 313)

200
T1-11Sn-5Zt- 2.25Al-1Mo-0 .21Si
180 LARGE RING FORGING
1660F, 1 HR, FAN COOL+ 930F, 24 HRS, AC
HEAT TREATED IN FULL SECTION SIZE
160 LONGITUDINAL SPECIMENS FROM FORGING HEAVY SECTION (SEE TABLE
3.0216 FOR FORGING CONFIGURATION .A.'ID SIZE)
AXIAL FATIGUE - TENSION \
140
~ 5.00R
I 120
g;J

~100
~so
)!!60
SMOOTH, Kt 1

~----+-~----~-4----~~~L-.~+-~---rl ~
~ :~OPENSnm:IB:
40

20
FORGING NO. 1
FORGING NO. 2
FORGING NO. 3
CENTER LOCATION
~
.A. CLOSED SYMBOLS: EDGE LOCATION
o.r~
NOTCHED, Kt 3

CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.056 AXIAL TENSION SMOOTH AND MILD-NOTCH FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF LARGE
RING FORGING AT
ROOM TEMPERATURE AND 550F. (9, pp.87-88)
 REVISED: JUNE 1969 NONfERROUS . ALLOYS

.
( ___ ; ' T1-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al-1Mo-0 .2181
Ti
0 FORGING "A": 1650F, 1 HR, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
+FORGING ''B": 1650F, 1 BR, OQ + 930F, 24 HRS, AC II Sn
50 SPECIMENS FROM MID-RADIUS (FORGING "A") OR WEB (FORGING "B") 5 Zr
LOCATION, RADIAL DIRECTION
SEE FIGURE 3.0316 FOR FORGING CONFIGURATIONS 2.5 AI
Mo
40
...
"-..., !'> 0.25 Si

~30

~
K 1-- t---
t-......
Q "'
~
70F
Ti-679

I
gj

~
"'2o ~0.30~
~ooA
L. t:J9.2so
~

~
--
E
~~
-..... 800~

I
Lr~ 1 ~~3
REVERSE BE!It"DING FATIGUE
1800 CPM

10
104 10,5 10,ti 10,7 10nl:l
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3.057 MILD-NOTCH FATIGUE STRANG'rH OF FORGINGS AT 70 AND BOOF (16)

20 r-------~------r-------~------~------r-------,
T1-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. ~181 0 HEATA
1/2 x 11/8 INCH ROLLED BAR e HEATB
1650F, 2 !IRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
EACH POINT AVERAGE
OF TEN TESTS

10 L-------~------~------~------~------J------~
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEST TEMP- F

FIG. 3.061 STATIC TENSILE MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM AND ELEVA'l'ED

TEMPERATURES FOR BAR (7, pp. 293-296)

20 r-------~------~------~------~------r-------,
T1-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al-1Mo-0 .2181
1/2 x 11/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
1650F, 2HRS, AC+930F, 2411RS, AC
SPECIMEN EXCITED TO RESONANCE LONGITUDINALLY

10 L-------~------~------~------~------~----~
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMP- F

FIG. 3.062 DYNAMIC MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPER-

ATURES FOR BAR (7, p.l96)
 NONFERROUS
20
Ti Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2. 25Al-1Mo-O. 21S!
1/2 x 1 1/8 INCH ROLLED BAR
II Sn 1650F, 2 HRS, AC + 930F, 24 HRS, AC
5 Zr EACH POINT AVERAGE OF FIVE TESTS, L
~ SPECIMENS 0.475 INCH DIAMETER, 2.5 INCHES LONG
2.5 AI g15
....
C>
Mo
0.25 Si
Ti-679 10
0 200 400 600 BOO
TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3.063 STATIC COMPRESSIVE MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM AND ELE-
VATED TEMPERATURES FOR BAR (7, p.299)
REFERENCES
1. H. C. Child, "Titanium Alloys in Britain," Metal
Progress. Vol. 83, No. 6 (June, 1963)
2. H. R. Ernst Wid R.A. Wood, "TilWiium and TilWIIum
Alloys," Review of Recent Developments, Battelle
Memorial inslllute (December 13, 1963)
3. R. A. Wood, "TitWIIum Wid TilWiium Alloys, " Review
of Recent Developments, Battelle Memorial institute
(April 2, 1965)
4. "Ti-679, High Temperature TllWiium Alloy for Short-
Time Strength, Creep Wid StabUity, " TMCA Technical
Service Data (1965)
5. "Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Titanium
Alloy Ti-679," Technical Service Department, TMCA
(August 1965)
6. "Data Sheet," TMCA, Technical Service Department
(February, 1965)
7. C. L. Dotson, "Mechanical Wid Thermal Properties
of High-Temperature Tltaniunt Alloys," Air Force
Materials Laboratory Technical Documentary Report
AFML-TR-67-41 (April 1967)
8. J. A. Guifanti and M. L. Greenlee, "Heat TrcatabiUty
of Ti-679 Forgings," TMCA Project BM-06-4
(August, 1966)
9. R. F. Simcnz Wid W. L. Macoritto, "Evaluation of
Large TI-6Al-4V and lMI-679 Forgings," Lockheed-
California Company, Air Force contract AF33(615)-
2690, Project No. 7381, Task No. 738106, Technical
Report AFML-TR-66-57 (April 1966)
10. J. E. Coyne, "Forging of TilWiium," Wyman-Gordon
Company, presented at TllWiium Metallurgy Course,
New York University School of Engineering and
Science (September 13-15, 1965)
11. R.G. Broadwell, "The Practical Heat Treatment of
Titanium Alloys," TMCA, presented at .:Iitan!!!.!!!.
Metallurgy Course, New York University School of
Engineering and Science (September 13-15, 1965)
12. R. B. Sparks, "Forging and Evaluation or lMl-679
Titanium Compressor Wheel, W.G. 10170, SIN
GSB-3 for General Electric Company, s.o. 5435 -
Phase ll Report," Wyman-Gordon Company, lteport
No. RD 65-105, M.D. & E. 1138 (January 1965)
13. R. B, Sparks, ''Mettallographic Examination of Low
Ductility Tensile Specimens from lMl-6'/9 Compressor
Disc W-G 10230," Wyman-Gordon Company, Report
No. RD 66-118, M.D. & E. U97 (March 1966)
14. It. B. Sparks, "Metallurgical Examination of IMI-679
Barstock from TMCA," Wyman-Gordon Company,
Report No. RD 66-138, M.D. & E f214 (July, 1966)
15. V. J. Erdcman, "Evaluation of the Effect of SUicide
ALLOYS REVIS EO: JUNE 1969
:l. )
~
1000 1200
Segregation on the Tensile and High and Low Cycle
Fatigue Strength of Ti-679," General Electric
Company, Report No. DM66-192, MDLO No. 66AA-42
(May 6, 1966)
16. Private Communication with R. L. Tribelhorn,
Supervisor, Design Metallurgy, Prall & Whilncy
Aircraft, Division of United Aircraft Corporation, East
Hartford, Connecticut.
17. J.E. Coyne, "Evaluation of IMI-679 TllWiium Alloy
as a Compressor Disc Material," Wyman-Gordon
Company, Report No. RD 64-137, M.D. & E. H19,
(July. 1964)
18. J.D. Page, "Precise Measurement of Elastic Modulus
in TilWiium Alloys," TMCA, Project BM-06-5
(November 4, 1965)
19. Military, Specification MIL-T-9047D (June 9, 1967)
20. General Motors Corporation, Allison Division,
Specification EMS-59035-A (August 29, 1967)
21. Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, Division of United Aircraft
Corporation, Specifications PWA-1205-A and
PWA-1206-A (October 5, 1965)
22. Aerospace Matertsl Specifications, AMS-4974 (Nov.
1, 1967)
23. The Garrett Corporation, Airesearch Manufacturing
Company, Specification EMS-94902 (May 13, 1966)
24. General Electric Company, Specification C50T83-S5
(December B, 1966)
25. General Electric Company, Specification 4012158-092
(October 10, 1963)
26. "How to Usc Tilanlum - Properties and Fabricatl>n
of Titanium Mill Products," TMCA
27. D.J. Maykuth, "Residual Stresses, Stross Reller,
and Annealing o( TilWiium and TilWiium Alloys,"
DMIC Report S-23 (July 1, 1968)
28. V.J. Erdeman, "A TilWiium Alloy for Usc at
Elevated Temperatures," lllctal Progress (Feb. 1966)
29. Private Communication with S. Jones, TMCA, West
Caldwell, New Jersey.
30. General Motors Corporation, Allison Division,
Specification EMS-59034-B (February 22, 1967)
31. Private Communication with R. Broadwell, TMCA,
West Caldwell, New Jersey.
32. L.P. Jahnke, "Titanium in Jet Engines, "Aircraft
Engine Technology Division, General Electric Company
C lncinnati, Ohio, paper presented at the international
Conference on TilWilum, London, England (May 21-
24, 1968) referenced by R.A. Wood and D.J. lllaykuth,
''Titanium and Titanium Alloys," Review of Recent
.....
Developments, Battelle Memorial institute (August
23, 1968)
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GBNBRAL at 20 oersteds, 1. 00005.

n 8Mn Ia u alpba beta type tlllll1ium alloy tbat bas good
elevated tempemwre atreDglh and stability up to 600 P. 2.03 Chemicai Properties'. See n. Commerciall y Pure. Only r-n-1
~
The alloy Is heat treatable, ll'~t It Is uae4!n the annealed dltferent or complemenla ly lnformatioo. hated bolow.
coDdltloa only. It Ia avallable pdmadly lD fonn of sheet 2.031 Hydrogen emtttittlemen t
aDd plate. The alloy posseuea good lonnabUlty, ll'~t Its 2.0311 l!Cfect of hydrogen coi.tent on tensUe prop=es of sheet,
we!dabUlty Is limited. Pig. 2. 0311.
2.0312 Effect of hydrogen content on cneep ruprure curves for
Commercial DeslgD:ltlon. 8Mn TIIlll1lum Alloy. n>tched sheet, Pig. 2. 0312.
2.0313 Effect or tear. temperature on tensile properties <Jl sheet
1.02 Alternate Designations . TI-8Mn, MSTBMn, C-l!OM. with varlouu hydrogen contents, Fig. 2. OS 13.
RSllOA.
2.0l Nuclear Propeltles
1. 03 Sj>:cltlcat!on s. Table 1. 03.
3. MBCHANICAL PROPBRTIBS

3,01 S;>ocllled Mecbanlcal Properties

3.011 AMS specllled mecbaJllcal ptopeltles, Table 3. 011.

1. 04 Composition. Table l. 04. TABI.B 3 011

Source AMS l)
_Alloy. Tl8Mn
TABI .Ill 04 .l'mm ~.;:Dillie
Source AMS 1 C".nnrlltlnn --;;;;;;-

---
Pen ent Pw min ksl 120
Min Pty min kal 110
Max max
Manganc1c
kal 140
6.50 9.00 e, min - percent

---
Carbon 10
0.20
Oxygen 0.2D-
Nitrogen 0.07

--
Hydrogen 3.02 Mecluelcal Properties at Room Temperature . See 3. 03
0.015 also.
Other elemenll, total 0.6o- 3.021 Hardness. Annealed sheet, 33 to 36 RC.
Titanium Balance
If determl~>ed 3.022 Bffect or stretching on tensUe and co(llpreaslve yield
otrengtha of anne.Ued sheet (Jbuschlnger effect), Plg .l.02Z.
Need not be reponed
3.03 Mecluelcal Properties at Various Tempo:mwres
1.05 Heat Treaanent 3.031 Short time tension propeltlea
1.051 Aii'iieii.l300P, 1 hr, cool 30J P per hr max!mum to 3.0311 Stress strain curves for annealed sheet, Pig. 3. 0311.
1050 P maxlmwn. 3.0312 Bflect of teat temperature on tensile properties ol annealed
1.052 Stress relief. 11-.low 700 P or at 1000 P. Stress relief at sheet, Pig. 3. 0312.
70:1 to 850 P may result In notch sensllivity. 3.0313 Bffect of low test temperawre on tensile properties of
1.053 Heat treat. 1250 to 1400 P, 1/2 to 2 br, water quench or annealed sheet, Fig. 3. 0313.
air cool +900 to 950 P, 1 to 8 !lr. This treaanent can In 3.032 S.~on time prop:nlea otber than tension
creaile tensile strength by as much as 75 ksi. 3.0321 Stress strain curves In compression for annealeu sheet,
Fig. 3. 0321.
1.06 HardeD:lblllty. Although this allny Is heat treatable, heat 3.0322 Bffect of teat tempemture ;m compressive yield. strength
treatment La no:: recommeojt.:d bacause of p::xJr reproducl- of annealed s beet, Fig. 3. 0322.
bUlty of meclnnlcal propeltlea. 3.0323 Bllect of teat tempemwre on be.trlng propeltles of anneaa:l
sheet, Fig. 3.0323.
1.07 Forms and Conditions Available Bffect of ten temp:mture on shear atrengtll or annealed
1.071 Alloy Is available In the full comme:clsl range of sizes for aheet, Pig. 3.032l.
sheet, strip 311<1 plate. 3.033 Stade a bela concentration eUecta. BUect of test temper
1.072 Other wrought products can b~ produced, bJt are not gener- ature on notch strength of annealed sheet, Fig. 3.033.
ally use<!.
3.04 Creep aDd Creep Rupture Propeltlea
1.08 Melting and Casting P.:acdce. Consumable electrode double 3.041 Creep and creep rupwre :urvea at 60:1 to 800 P for IIJUlSal-
vacuum melt. ed abeet, Pig. 3.0U.
3.042 Sltort time total attain curves at 800 to 120a F for anneaed
1.09 S?eclal Coasld:tat!o ns. Soe n, Commercially Pure. abeet, Pig. 3. Ol2.
3.05 Paligu,. Properties
2. PHYSICAL AND CHBMICAL PROPilRTIBS 3.051 Room tcmpemture fatlguo strength of annealed sheet,
Table 3. 051.
2.01 Thermal Propeltlea
2.011 Melting range. 2730 to 2970P.
2.012 Phase changes. Thla alloy transforms on cooling from
beta to alpha +bota at 1425 to 1525 F. TABLE 3 051
~rce (2)
2,013 Thermal conductivity, Pig. 2.013.
2.014 Thennal expansion, Pig. 2. 014. Form Sheet
2.015 li;>e;:ltl.c beat, Pig. 2. 015. ICondlllon An

2.02 Temp Method St.~ I I

S:reu Fatigue Strengthka 1
Other Physical Properties
2.021 Density. 0.170 to 0. 17llb per cu ln. 4. 70 to 4. 73 gr per
F
1-B~ Concen- a{ Cycles
cu em. A R tratlon loS 1o6 107 "j
2.022 Electrical reslstlvlty, Pig. 2. 022. RT Direct Smooth
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic. Permeability Streu 0.6 Q2 Kl sslss Iss

I CODE 3712
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MA"CH 1963

r-n-1 3.06 Blastlc Propenles

Modulw of elsstlclty at room and elevated temperatures , 0.30

~
3.061 -~-
Pig, 3,061. . Tl8Mn
3,052

3,053
Modulw of elasticity at room and low temperatures , Pig,
3.062.
Tangent modulus curves l.n compteaslon at room and ele- 0.2 5 ./
1/
vated temperatures , Pig, 3. OS3. SPECIFIC
HEAT
'
4. FABRICATION. Ser. n, Commerciall y l'llre. Only dlf 0
Ierent or complement4\ty l.nformation Is given b:olow.

4.01
4.011
Forming and ~
Gensml. 500 to 600 P Is the optlmwn range for formabU- 0.1 /
4.012
lty, and forming l.n thls range reduces sporlDg lnct, notch
sensitivity and power requlre::l, Forming at 1000 to 1200P
is also ::ommon, b-~t a post forming anneal Is required.
Forging. Starting temperatura, 1700 P maxlmtim, finish 0.10
'1/ (
lng temperature, 1450 P ml.nlmum, To otxnl.n optimum 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000
propenles, reductions equivalent to 25 to 40 percent shodd
be performed l.n the alpha +beta range In the final forging TBMP P
FIG. 2. 015 SPECIFIC HBA.T
operation. Slbsequent reheating, su:b as required Cor
slzlllg operations, should not exceed a temPerature of (6, p. m-l-!3)
aboot 200 P below the beta to alpha +beta transformatio n
!Ciilf"''ll.hln::,

4. 03 Welding. n -8Mn Is not recommende d for any kl.od of

fusion welding. Spot welding lllls been empl~ed, al
though shear tests genemlly l.ndlcate poor weld character
lstica.
80
4. 04 Heating and Heat Treating. See Tl-6Al4V.
Ti:8Mn
i!i 60

./
v-- ~LBCTRCAL RBii'JSTlVlTY

/
12
TI8Mn
20

/
/ 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000

vnmRMAl. PIG. 2. 022 BLBCTRim a'aBs':snvr n-

(3,p. W3)

v
/ COODUCI1VITY

D
/
400 800 1200 1600
TBMPF
FIG. 2.0J3 n!BIWAL CONDUCTIVITY 200
(3,p. W-2) Tl
SHBBT
8 A
Tl-8Mn 160

v ~

/
v 120
80

~rr:
/
v V MBAN COBF UNBAR
THBRMAL BXPANSION FROM
R.T TO TBMl' INDICATBO
re
40

0
0 400 BOO 1200 1600
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 HYDROGBN - PPM
TBMPF FIG. 2. 0311 !iFF HCT o' HYDROGBN CONT.BNT
PIG. 2. 014 niBRMAL EXPANSION ON 'h'NSIUs ;"n0PBRTIBS OF SHBBT
(3,p. W-2)
(4)

CODE 3712
PAGE 2
 REV I SED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\, J
~ .../
~ Tl-8Mn
~ 100 ~----~----4-----4-----~SHBBT r-n-1
~~
~ ANN
~
~
reaor-~--~~~~~~~~~~~~~
:I:
!;
~ 601---t- ---rlr-- --1-
!;;

1 10 100 1000 10,000

TIMB- HR

FIG, 2. 0312 BFFBCT OF HYDROGBN CONTBNT ON CRBBP

RUPTUtlB CURVBS FOR NOTCHED SHBBT
(4)

60 ~--~~--
0 --~---
2 -~----~
4 ----~~
STRETCH - FBRCBNT
PIG. 3,022 BFFBCT OF STRETCHING ON TBNSILB AND COM-
PRBSSIVB YIBLD STRBNGiTHS OF ANNBALBD SHBBT
(BAUSCHINGBR BFFBCT) (12)

;
I
-..,.....,;

240
I
Tl-8Mn

'
SHBBT
200 NN
X
~
~'
Fro
160 ... "" "" ~~
--10
--100 H , PPM
~....::...;
---soo 2
120 ---iii
60
I
(
RA( I
I
I
I

I '
I
I I'
I . , I
I I

0
-----L./------ __----
-400 -200
~-
0
j I
_..,'I
200 400
TBMP -F TBNSION
0
PIG. 2. 0313 BPPBCI' OP TBST TBMPBRA- 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016
TUKB ON TBNSlLB PROPBRTIB.'i STRAIN - IN PBR IN
OF SHBBT WITH VARlUUli HY-
oROOBN CONTBNTS FIG. 3.0311 SI'RBSS STRAIN CURVBS FOR
(5) ANNBALBD SHBBT
(7. p. 43)(8)

CODE 3712
PAGE 3
 nunr~nnuu~ ALLUT~ REVISED MARCH 1963

!Til u
~
TISMn 160
SHE!IT
ANN

140

~
120 r-+r--~---+~--~--4---~~~
Q;,

~
240
100

160

40 -200 -100 0 100

TBMP-P
20 PIG, 3,0313 EFFECT OF LOW TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
80 PROPERTIES OP ANNEALED SHE !IT
(7, p.20)

!;. 40
Ill

~
0
a:
Ill
"' 0
0 200
140 r----r--- .,----.--- --.
TI-8Mn
.FJG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE 0. 070 IN SHEET
PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED SHEIIT ANN
(3)(8)(13) 120

PIG. 3,0321 STRBSS STRAIN CURVBS IN COM-

PRESSION FOR ANNEALED SHBIIT
(8)

CODE 3712
PAGE 4
REV I SED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

!t n!SMn 280 Tl-8!\ln !Til

~
120 0.070 IN SHBBT- SHBBT

~ \.
ANN ANN
F TY 240
100

80 ~ :-. .......

~60
0 ~

~-
....
i2 160

\, 120

20
0
1/2 TO ~00 HR"~

200 600 800

\1000
80
b
0,400
1.000
TEMP -F 40
PIG. 3,0322 BFFBCT OP TBS'T TBMPBRA'IURB ON COM- -400 0 400 800 1200
PRBSSIVB YIBLD S'TRBNGTH OP ANNBALBD TBMP- F
~BBT 00 PIG. 3, 033 BFPBCT OF TBS'T TBMPBRA'IURB ON
NOTCH STRENGTH OF ANNBALBD SHBBT

TI-8Mn (7, p.29X13)

0. 070 IN SHBBT
ANN

200r-----~------,-------r-----~
T1-8Mn
SHBBT
600P

~~--~~--~~--~=---~~~~
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMP-F
Plm 3. 0323 BPPBCT OP TBST TBMPBRA'IURB ON BEARING
PROPBRTIBS OP ANNBALBD SHBBT -~ r-----~r------t-------+------~
(10)
1260~--~:t--~"<:1----t----1
120 r-----r-----,.------r:::T:-I_-:-:8Mn~
3/16 IN SHBBT
ANN

20

0
10 100 1000
TIMB -HR

PIG. 3,0324 BFPBCT OF TBST TBMPBRATURB PIG, 3, OU CRBBP AND CRBBP RUP'IURB CURVBS AT 600
ON SHBAR STRBNG'Ilf OF ANNBALBD TO 800 F POR ANNBALBD SHBBT
SHBBT (8) (9)

CODE 3712
PAGE 5
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

1Til100 TI-8Mn
1-----1------1 --- 0. 045 IN SHEET
~80 ANN

60

40
14 L-....J...----1---.L:ST:.:.:.:A~TI;.;C;;....~
-400 -200 !! 200
TEMP-i'
20 FIG. 3, 062 MODULUS OF ELA~ m:t i ~ !, r
ROOM AND LOW TEMr~RA1"URES
(7,p.20)

t2
10 1--~~~~-~~--4~~---~

0,001 0.01 0.1

TIME- HR

FIG. 3,042 SHORT TIME \OTAl STRAI: CURVES liT ROO

TO 1200 F FOR ANNEALED S!lF.ET (11)

140
TI-8Mn
0. 070 lN SHBBT

' "'
A~
120
1/2 TO 100 HR EXPOSURE
"" COMPRESSION

,,
100

80 I \
IB
TI-8Mn
\:\
SHilET 60 \
16

~ 14
40
\\~ '\
600 p
..........

~
B DYNAMI'- 20
.!..._000 F ~
(2)
12 A E f. "'-..
~
STATIC
t:. E 0.070 IN
1/l TO 100 HR EXPOSUR 0
(8), 0 12 16 20
10
0 200 400 600 800 1000 KSI

TEMP- p FIG. J. 063 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRHSSION

FIG. 3,061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM AND AT ROOM AND ELBV.tl'fllD TEMPERATURES
(2)(8) (8)
ELilVATilD TllMFBRATURBI'

CODE 3712
PAGE 6
 II

REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

REFERENCES
!Til
I
2
AMS 490SA,Ouly I, 1957)
Rem-Cru Titanium Manual, Rem-Cru Titanium, Inc., ~
Midland, P~., (Cru:lble Steel), (1955)
3 Mr.e, M. W., Hoo))er; R. B. and Frost, P. D., ''The
Engineering Properties of Co:nmerlcal Titanium Alloys, "
TML Rep. No. 92,0une 1958)
4 Katflla, R. J. and Burte, H. M. (Editor~#, "Hydrogen
Contamination In Titanium and Tltanlun Alloys," W.'\DC
TR 54-616, Part I, Oanuary 1955)
5 Lerutlng, G. A. and Jaffee, R. I., "Effe::t of Hydrogen Ol
the Properties of Titanium and Titanium Alloys," TML
Rep. No. 27, (December 1955)
6 Adenstedt, H. K., "Handbo~lt on Titanium," WADC-TR
5-l-305, Part I, (August 1954)
7 McGee, R. L., Campbell, J. E., Carlson, R. L. and
Manning, G. K., "The Mechanical Prop..nles o! Cer'"..ain
Aircraft Structural Metals at Very Low Temp..ratures,"
WADC-TR 58-386, (November 1958)
8 Miller, D. E., "The Determination of Physical Properties
of Ferrous an:l Nol-Ferrous Structural Sheet Materials at
Elevated Temperatures," AF Technical Report 6517,
Part 3, Wright Air Dev. Cen., Oune 1954)
9 Schwartzberg, F. R., Holden, F. C., Ogjen, H. R. an:l
Jaffee, R. I., ''The Prq1ertles o( Titanium Alloys at
Elevated Temperatures, " TML Rep. No. 82,
(Sllp:ember 1957)
10 Miller, D. E., "De:ermlrution of Tensile, Compressive
aoi Bearing Properties ~~ Ferrous an:l Non-Ferrous
Structural S!leet Materials at Elevated Te:nperatures,"
AF TR 6517, Part V, (1957)
11 Van Echo, J. A., Wirth, W. F. and Simmons, W. F.,
"Short-Time Cr,ep Properties o! Structural S.,eet
Materials for Aircraft aoi Missiles," AF TR 6731,
Part Ill, (1955)
12 Convair, San Diego, "8 Mn Titanium Alloy Sheet-
Reatoratloo of Compressive Yield S!reDJth," Report
No. 8377-2, (Nat ember 1954)
13 AMC TR 59-7-539, (1958).

~-E-~_3_7_1_2--1
 Tl
REVISEDMARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1.052 Streas relief. 900F during aglog. If aging Ia not em-

1. GBNBRAL
ploys!, IS mlnutea at 1000F Ia recommended. (2, p.IO). Ti
B 120 VCA ls a beat treatable body-ceater<d cubic meta-
Age. Normally a full age ls used, 900F, 72 hours.
stable beta alloy which Is formable In lbe solution
1.053
However, lbe mecbaolcal properties are a function <1 13 v
treats! coadltlon aJXI can be ag<d to y1eld strqtbs <1
aging time aD1 temperatur e aJXI for special appllcatlCIIIB
170 to 200 ksl. Extreme cold worldJ!8 prior to aging II Cr
olber aging treatments can be devel'op.d, (4X16). See
bas produced tensne strengths as blgb as 300 kal In also 3. 026. -
small aectloo specimens. The alloy bas more lbao 25 3 AI
perceot alloy content aJXI atabUizea In a body-cente rs! Hardness
1.06
cubic form dawn to 1275F with moderately rapid cooling.
Thla structure ls retaln<d down to room temperatur e.
1.061 iiieCtiifsolution annealing temperatur e oo room tempera 120 VCA
turebardne ss ctsbeet, Fig. 1.061. 8
In tbla condltloo the alloy can be strengtbeued by re-
1.062 Bffect of aging time on room temperatur e bardneaa <1
heating above 600F where precipitatio n of the alpha cold roll<d abeet, Fig. 1.062,
phase (close-pack<d hexagooal structure) aJXI of lbe Bffect of r<ductl1111 by abear forming on bardneas <1
1.063
compouDI T1Cr2 occurs. The solution treating tempera- alloy, Fig. 1.063.
ture Is of particular Importance In Its Influence on tough-
1.064 Bffect <1low temperatur e oo hardness <1 solution treats!
ness, aDI temperatur es below !bose c0111111 only us<d may
aJX1 ag<d abeet, Fig. 1, 064.
be employed to advautage In rhls respect. A desirable
characteris tic <1 the alloy Ia that It can be air cool<d
1.07 Forms aJXI CoodltiODS AvaUable
from a low solution treatment temperatur e (1400 to 14SOF)
1.071 The alloy ls avaUable In a wldr racge <1 sizes In lbe
aJX1 yet exhibit good ag1ng respoolle, (1, p. 4X4XI6X38,
solutloo treats!, fully ag<d, or aolutloo treated aJXI cold
p. 8,9).
roll<d coodlttooa as sheet, strip. plate aJXI fnU. Barlltock
aDI large bnteta .are auppll<d In the anneals! coalltloo
1.01 Commercia l Dea!g!!atloo
for furlber forging. Small bar, fastener-sto ck aJXI wire
B 120 VCA Titanium Alloy.
Is generally suppll<d In the solution treats! coodltloo,
but Ia also avaUable In lbe aged coodltton. Producers
1.02 Alteruate Desptlon a
are developing productloo of tbla alloy aa extrualODS
Crucible B 120 VCA,
Republic RS 1208, aDI weld<d aD1 aeamleaa tubing, (1, p. 2X2, p.ll).
TI-13V -11Cr-3AI,
1.08 Melt!Dg aDI Casting Practice
Beta Tl.
Consumable electrode double-Yacuum melting, (2, p. 8).
1.03 Speclflcatlooa
1.09 Special C011alderatlon
AMS 4917, sheet, strip aDI plate.
MIL-T-9046, abeet, strip aJXI plate.

1.04 Com posltloo 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Table 1.04.
2.01 Thermal Properties
2.011 Melting range
2.012 Phase changes
2.0121 Time-temp erature-tran sformation diagram for alloy,
' ~
2.0122
Fig. 2.0121.
Phase diagram <1 alloy with variable chromium content,
Fig. 2. 0122.
TABLE I 04 2.0123 Phase diagram <1 alloy wltb variable aluminum content.
ruclble 5 TMCA 2.o. AMS '20\ Fig. 2.0123.
Source Thermal cooductlvlty, Fig. 2. 013.
Perceut Perceot Perceut 2.013
2.014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2,014.
Min Max MID Max MID Max
2.015 Specific beat, Fig. 2.01S.
Aluminum 2.50 4.0( 2.50 3.5 2.5 4.0 Thermal dlffuslvlty
2.016
Carbon
Chromium
- 0.1! 0.11! - 0.1
10.00 12.00 10.00 12.00 10.0 12.0 Other l'byslcal Properties
Iron
Vanadium
- 0.35 - 0.3
12.50 14.00 12.50 14.5~ 12.5 14.5
2.02
2.021 Density, 0,175 lb per cu In, 4. 85 gr per cu em, room
temperatur e, (1, p. 2),
Nitrogen . -
o.os o.os - O.Ol
2. 022 l!lectrlca1 reslatlvlty
Hydrogen RT Aoo. 60.2 mlcrdunsl n,
(Sheet'aDI Wire)
Hydrogen
- - - 0.02 - o.o RT STA, 55.8 mlcrabmsl n, (25, p. 29),

(Bar aDI BU!et) -- -- -- 0.015 0.20

-- 0.17 - 2.023
2.024
Magnetic properties
Bmlaslvlty
Oxygen 2. 025 Damping capacity
Titanium Balance Balance Balance
2. Q3 Chem leal Propert!ea
2. 031 Corrosion resistance. This alloy exhibits excellent
realstance to aea water and chloride solutions aDIIa also
resistant to corrosloo by bolb gaseous aJXI liquid
Quorlne at temperatur es below 220F. It Ia auaceptlble
to streaa corrosion cracking In unlnhlblt<d hydrochloric
acid, (1, p.30Xll, p. 7),
2. 032 Oxidation reslatance

3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
1.05 Heat Treo.tment
1.051 Solution treat. 1400 to 14SOF, 10 to 30 minutes, air cool, 3.01 Speclfl<d Mechanical Propert!e
(4). 3.0ll Producer's speclfl<d mechanical properties, Table 3.on.
1.05ll Anneal. Same as solutloo treat, 1. OS!. The terms an
neal aDI solution treat can be us<d lntercbscgeably for
this alloy as beth terms designate ooe material condition,
(2, p. 8).

COOE 3713
PAGE
 I I

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

Ti TABLES 011
lSource Crw:lble 1 p.3
13 v Alloy
n-~~V"l1Cl"~JU
TMCA 2. P.12l

II Cr Form S!leet Bar, bUiet, forging and

Sheet and stri!' FoU
CODdltion fastener stock
3 AI 5T STA(c 5T
1111 mess -111 STA [Q_R+~ STGR ST 5TA
<_Q.~
ptu' min- ksl. 125 190 125 190 220
8120 VCA P(:. min- ksl 120 170 120 170 200
230
220
125
12D
185
e 21n), min - percent 10 170
e(4 0),
-
6
- 10 4 (a), S(b) 3 2 - -
---
-
---
min - percent

---
Bend factor (radlus-t ) 1D 4
RA, max -percent ~t(c) 6 t- 8 t
10-20
3 t (d),3.5 t(e
- -- --
(a) > D. 020 In thick (c) Typical properti es
(b) < o. 020 In thick (d) < D. 071 In thick
(e) > D. 071 In thick

S.012 AMS specified mecbanlca1 properti es, Table 3. Dl2. S.D2132 Effect of reduction by shear forming on tensile properti
es
of alloy, Pig. 3,02132.
TABLES 012 3.D2133 Effect of cold work on room tempera ture tensile proper-
Source _{20 ties of solution treated sheet, Pig. 3. 0213S.
AllOY TI-13Vl 1Cr-3Al 3.D214 Effect of exposure on tensile properti es.
Condition 5T Preclplts tlon 3.02141 Effect d. exposure stress and tempera ture on room
Form liT
Sheet. striP. and !>late tempera ture tensUe propertie s d. sheet In solution treated
Strain rate 0.003 to 0.007 I.!ILln mln_{_a)_ condition, Fig. 3.02141.
Thicknes s-In >. < Cl250_ 3.02142 The effect of exposure tlme on room tempera ture tensile
Ptu. mln-ksl 130 190 properti es at various temperat ures for &beet, Fig.
P mln-ksl 12D 3.D2142.
c(~), min-perc ent 8
170
5
3.0215 Effect of strain rate on room tempera ture properti es
of
>D.2SO In
Hardness,
10 - 3.D216
sheet In solution treated condition , Pig. S.0215.
Design tensile properti es at room temperat ure, See
Table
RC 36
(a) Through yield strensth and then Increase to produce
- 3.D22
3,013.
Compres sion
fallure S.0221 Stress traln diagram s. See 3. 0321.
In approx. one minute 3,D222 Room tempera ture compres sive yield strensth for 0.
040
Inch sheet aged 900P, 6D hours,
3.D13 Design mechanic al properti es of sheet, strip and plate, Fey L 207.7 ksl,
Table 3.013. P cy. T 214.3 ksi, (26, p. 1. A. 3. 5.1).
3.0223 Effect of stretchin g In solution treated condition on room
TAl .1! 3.013
tempera ture compres sive yield strength of aged sheet,
I Source (Bauschl nser Effect), Fig. S.0223.
139\ 3,0224
l.Allov_ 8120 VCA Design compres sive propertt es at room temperature.
I l'nr~' see Table 3. D13. '
Sheet strfn and nlate "'"
lr. ......... 3.023 Impact, see Section 3.033.
Ann STand a2ed
I Thlokn"" " - In - < o.:zso 3.D24
3.025
Bendlns. see Section 4.031.
Torsiona nd shear
"""
Ptu -ksl 125
.MIL-'1'90~
17D
rwerv 3.0251 Effect o! reduction by shear formtns on ultimate shear
fty -ksl 120 strength of alloy, Fig. 3. D251.
160 3.0252 Design shear properti es at room temperat ure, see Table
Fey. -ksl 12D 162
Fsu -ksl 3.Dl3,
92 lOS
Fbru (e/0=1. S) - ksl
3.026 Bear Ins, see Section 3. 034.
207 248 3.0261
(e/D=2. 0) - ksl 27D Design bearlns propertJ es et room temperat uru, see
313 Table 3. D13.
Fbry (e/D=I. 5) - ksl 169 217
(e/0=2.D ) - ksl 3.027 Stress concentr ation
200 247 3.D271
1
e(2 fnl -oercent Notch properti es
0 lal 41bl 3.D2711
(a) Thicknes s of D. 025 and greater Effect of streas concentr ation oa tensile strength of
aged
(b) Thicknes s of D. D25 and greater; 3 percent below heet, Fig. 3. 02711.
D. 025 Inch 3.02712 .Effect of exposure temperature and time on room tempera
-
ture notch strength of alloy In solution treated condition
,
3,02 Mechanl-=al Propertie s at Room Tempera ture Pig. 3.02712.
3.02713 Effect of thlcklles s on room tempera ture notch strength
3.021 Tensl<>o
of aged sheet, Pig. 3. 02713.
3.D211 Stress-s train diagram s. See 3. 0311 s.02714 Effect of aglns temperat ure and time on notched and
3.0212 Effect of heat treatmen t on tensile properti es.
3. D2121 WlDotched room temperat ure properti es of sheet, Fig.
Effect of solution treat tempera ture on room temperat
ure 3.02714.
tensile propertie s of aged sheet, Fig. 3. 02121. 3.02715
3.02122 Effect of aglns temperat ure and tlme on room tempera Effect of stress concentration factor on room temperat
- ure
ture tensile propertie s d. sheet, Pig. 3.D2122. notch strength propertie s of sheet, Fig. 3.D2715.
3.0272 Fracture toughness
3,02123 EU>ect of aglns time on room temperat ure tensile proper- 3.02721 Effect of solution annealing tempera ture on room tem-
ties of cold drawn wire. Fig. 3. 02123.
3.02124 perature net fracture BtteBB and fracture toughness
Effect of aglns time on room temperat ure tensile proper- o(
sheet, Fig. 3. 02721.
ties of sheet, cold rolled various amounts alter solution 3.02722 Effect of aging time on room tempera ture net fracture
treating, Pig. S.02124.
3.0213 Effect d. pre-stra in on tensile properti es, stress and fracture toushne s of sheet, Fig. 3. 02722.
3.028 Combined propertie s
S.D2131 Effect of tretchL'Ig alter solution treatmen t on room
tempera ture tensile properti es of subseque ntly aged
3.03 Mechani cal Propertie s at Various Tempera tures
sheet, Ff&. 3, 02131. 3.031 Tension

CODE 3713
PAGE 2
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

. ___..,/ 3.03716 Effect of low test temperature on notch streagth cil sheet,
3.0311 Stress-atraln diagrams Fig. 3. 03716. Ti
Stress-strain curves for solution treated and nged -et Bffect of test tempera lure on net fracture Stress of centeJ
3.03lli
In tension, Fig. 3. 03111.
3.03717
notch sheet spechr.aa, Fig. 3.03717, 13 v
3.0372 Fracture tougllrus
3.03112 Stress .. straln curves in tension for solution treated 3.03721 Bffect of test temperature on net fracture Stress and II Cr
sheet at various temperatures , Fig. 3,03112. plane Strain fracture toughness ol bar and sheet, Fig.
3.03113 Stress-strain curves for alloy at very hlgh temperatures , 3.03721. 3 AI
Fig. 3,03113. 3.038 Combined properties
3.03114 Stress-strain curves at room and low temperatures for
solution treated bar ln tension, Fig. 3,03114, 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties B I 2 0 V CA
3.03115 Stress-strain curves at room and low temperatures ior 3,041 Creep rupture Curle!! for sod sheet at BOOF, Fig. 3.041.
solution treated and aged sheet In tension, Fig. 3.03115. 3.042 Creep curves for aged sheet at 600 and 700F, Fig. 3.042.
3.03i2 Bf!e<:t of test temperature on tensile properties of solution
treatrld sheet and bar, Fig. 3.0312. 3.05 Fatigue Properties
3.03i3 Bffect of test temperature on tensile properties of oeveral 3.051 S-N curves for solution treated bar, Fig. 3.051.
heats of aged sheet, Fig. 3. 0313. 3.052 SN curves for solution treated and aged sheet at room
3.03i4 Bffect of test temperature on tensile properties of and low temperatures , Fig. 3. 052.
dW'erent gage sheet, Fig. 3,0314.
3.03i5 Bffect of test temperature on tensile properties of oheet, 3.06 mastic Properties
Fig. 3. 0315. 3.061 Poisson's ratio at room and elevated temperatures , Pig.
3.03i6 Bffect of time of exposure at 550F on tensile properties 3.061.
at room temperature and -110F for 0. 040 In sheet, Fig. 3.062 Modulus cil elasticity
3,0316, 3.0621 Modulus of elasticity at low and elevated temperatures ,
3.03i7 EUect of exposure time at 550F on tensUe properties at Fig. 3. 0621.
room temperature and -l!OF for 0. 064 In sheet, 3.0622 Effect of test temperature on modulus of elasticity lor
Fig. 3.03i7. sheet In compression, Fig. 3. 0622.
3.03.18 Effect of low test temperature on tensile properties ol 3.0623 Modulus of elasticity for 0.040 In sheet aged at 600F In
sheet, Fig. 3. 0318. compression, 60 hours, Ec 16.3 x 1ol ksl, (26, p. 1.
3.032 Compression A.3.5.1). -~
3.0321 Stress-strain dlsgrams 3.063 Modulus of rlgldlty at room temperature, 6. 2 x lu- kat,
3,03211 Stress-strain curvea in compression for solution treatOO (25, p. 29).
and aged sheet of various thicknesses and test tempera- 3.064 Tangent modulus
tures, Fig. 3. 03211. 3.0641 Tangent modulus curves In tension for solution treated
3.0322 Effect of test temperature on compressive yield strength and aged sheet at room and elevated temperatures , Fig.
of sheet at room and elevated temperatures , Fig. 3.0322. 3.0641.
3.0323 Effect o! room and elevated temperature on compressive 3,0642 Tangent modulus curves at room and elevated tempera-
yield strength of various sheet thicknesses, Fig. 3. 0323. tures for solution treated and aged sheet In compression,
Fig. 3. 0642.
3.0324 Effect of test temperature on compressive yield strength 3.065 Secant modulus curves at room and elevated temperatures
of different gage sheet, Fig. 3, 0324. for solution treated and aged sheet In compression, Fig.
3.033 Impact 3.065.
3.033i Effect of test temperature on Impact strength of bar, Fig.
3,033i. 4. FABRICATION
3.034 Bending
3.035 Torsion and shear 4.01 Formability
3.035i Bffect of test temperature on double shear strength of 4.011 General.
bar and sheet, Fig. 3.035i. Although requiring higher work forces, this alloy In the
3.0352 Effect ol test temperature on shear strength of sheet, solution treated condition Is more amenable to col<i
Fig. 3, 0352. forming than any other of the high atrCJ1gth r'lanium
3.0353 Effect of low temperature on shear strength of sheet, alloys and It has good cold heacllng propertl~a. In very
Fig. 3, 0353. aevere cold forming such as spinning or dLoep drawing,
3.036 Bearing Intermediate anneals may be advisable. Forming hy all
3.0361 Effect of test temperature on bearing yield Strellgth d conventional methods 1s possible, (1, p. 20).
aged sheet at low and elevated temperatures , Fig. 4.0111 Effect cil test temperature on bend properties ol solution
3.0361. treated aheet at room and elevated temperatures , Fig.
3.0362 Effect ol teat temperature on bearing properties ol sheet 4.0111.
for e/D 1.5, Fig. 3. 0362. 4.0!2 Forging. Hot forging temperature 18501''. Warm forging
3.0363 Effect of teat temperature on bearing properties for below 1400F promotes mor~ rapid aging and results ln
sheet for e/D 2.0, Fig. 3.0363. a stronger and more ductile alloy after aging. Reductions
3.037 Stress concentration up to 50 percent are possible between anneals In open
3.0371 Notch properties and closed die forginga, (I, p. 20X13, p. 76).
3.03711 Effect of test temperature on nc!ch Strength of aged sheet, 4.0121 Effect of aging after forging at two temperatures , Fig.
Fig. 3.03711. 4.0121.
3.03712 Effect of test temperature and aging time on notch strength 4.013 Splitting limits for brake forming at !OOOP and 1200F,
ratio for sheet at low and elev~:od temperatures , Fig. Fig. 4, 013.
3.03712. 4.014 Limit curve for deep drawing at UOOF, Fig. 4.0H.
3.03713 Effect of test temperatUre and thickness on sharp edge 4.015 Limit curves for linear stretch at 500F, Fig. 4. 015.
notch and smooth tensile strength of solution treated sheet,
Fig. 3,03713 " 4.02 Machining
3.03714 Effect of exposure time at 550F on notch strength at room This alloy Is somewhat more difficult to machine than
temperaturo and -liOF for sheet, Fig. 3. 03714. other titanium alloys. SulfuriZed oils can be uaed as
3. 03715 Effect of exposure time at 550F on notch strength at room cutting fluids with high speed steel tools. Maintain
temperature and -II OF for sh:et, Fig. 3. 03715. slow speeds and coarse feeds for all machining operations.
Grind wet to mlnimlze fire hazard, using aluminum oxide
wheels, (4),

'
CODE 3713
PAGE 3
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

Welding
1b1a alloy can be oat!afactorlly welded usiDg IDert gao
shielded tw>gstcD arc melba! without flller, or usiDg B
120 VCA as a flller. Coaaumable electrcxle weld lag may
be accompllabed wltb 8120 VCA wire as flller. Re
alltaDce, aeam, spot or flaab weldiDg me!bcxla are also
applicable, (1, p. 24).
Room temperature bend properties (slagle poiDt) of weld
joiDts, Table 4. 031.

8120 VCA TABLE 4 031

Source 14, p.10
Alloy n-13V-11Cr-3A1
Form and CD:Idltlon Sheet s01utlCI:I treatea ano a gea YUU F, 25 llr
Flller wire S", we ded and aged ST, welded aDd a~
Fract defl ID Rui'!Ure m..tulua, ksl Fract defl,ID Rupture mcxlulua, kal
Uuwelded baae ailCTJ 1.!_'!_ ~.:.! 1.70 !d!'.:!
n-75A
TI3A1
1.46
1.54
247.7 r.ss 227.9
268.1 1.66 239.4
n-6A14V 1.28 270.1 1.70 210.4
RS-140 1.30 292.2 1.52 248.5
TI4A13Mo1V 1.54 267.9 1.62 225.0
TI2,5A116V 1.02 278.6 1.59 215.4
AllOAT 1.28 286.5 1.60 230.6
TI3A16Mo 1.04 267.1 1.58 235.8
n-13V-11Cr-3A1 1.28 231.2 1.58 230.8
-
Sheet specimen 1 1/2 ID wide x 4 1/2 ID loag. Punch nose radius 0.125 ID, 10o Anvil

4.032 Weldablllty Is excellent ID annealed condition, but weld

metal ages at d!Uerent rate than bare metal resultiDg ID
low joiDt efflclencles. Large graiD size and mlcro- 48

-
aegregatlon of alloylag coastltuenta develop at weld Tl-13V-11Cr3Al
metal graiD boundaries during the fusion process. These 0,067 IN SHEET
adversely eUect the properties of the joiDt sfter agiDg.
The ductility acxl tougbness of aged weldments are generally
low when large graiDs aDd grain boundary preclpltatea
are preaent, (38! p. 9).

Heat Treatment
Before beat treatment remove all hydrocarbons, car-
bonaceous materials, chloride cleaner residuals. FIDal
cleaniDg uaiDg Ugbt acid pickle Is recommellded. HeatiDg
SA 15 MIN AT IND TEMP
.eSA
-
ID air at temperatures above about SOOF contamiDatea the 24 .oil. SA+ AGE 900P 72 HR
aurface. If IDert atmosphere cannot be used the con-
1200 1300 1400 1500 1600
tamiDated layer must be removed by surface treatment,
(1, p.30). ANNEALING TEMP - F
FIG. I. 061 EFFECT OF SOLI.TI'ION ANNEALING
4.05 Surface Treatment
TEMPERA11JRE ON ROG.f TEMPERAnJRE
4.051 Scale removal can be accompllabed by oxldlziDg molten HARDNESS OP SHa:.;; (24, p. 154)
oalt baths, by gr!DdiDg, by grit aDd vapor blaatiDg and
by plcldiDg ID 20 to 30 percent nitric acid plua ~ percent
hydrofluoric acid at 130F, (1, p. 30).
4.052 BrlghteniDg dip by lmmeraloa In 10 percent nitric acid
plua 1/4 percent hydrofluoric acid, (4).
4.053 FIDger staiD are removed by moat detergent&, (4).
56
Tl13V-UCr-3AI

4l

0
a:

24
o
0 20
AGING TIME - HR
FIG. 1.062 EFFECT OP AGING TIME ON ROCN TEMPERAnJRE HARD-
NESS OF COLD ROLLED SHEET (24, p. 160, 177)

GODE 3713
PAGE 4
 I I

REVISEDMARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

.... _.../ ' 52 Tl-13V 11Cr-3AI Ti-

Tl-13V-11Cr-3 Al 1400

--
SHEAR PORMBD
13 v

---
8
RT

- I ._........,r- --'
v II Cr

-
48 /, 1-
1200
,' a+ 8 rssl_ a+S+TICr2
1
3 AI
- (a PRI!CIPITAT a+ T1Cr2 PRBCIPI-

" ..__ 1000

TATES).
B 120 VCA
0
II: p-- \ ~ j=-.
v -~ -
\ \
~
v , '..~
40 \
Cl
...
II: HARDNESS
~ 36
./ -- I'-- :--
/ 600
--ST
t-
/ - - - ST+25\t,CR

v
32
eST
400 I I
A RED+ AGE 900P, 24 HR, AC
RED+ ST 1425P, AC +AGE 900P,
0,1 10 1o3
24_HII, AC TIME- HR
28
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 TIME-TEMPER ATURE-TRANS FORMATION
FIG. 2,0121
DIAGRAM FOR ALLOY (3)
REDUCTION - PERCENT
PIG. 1.063 EFFECT OP REDUCTION BY SHEAR FORMIIIG ON HARD- Tl13V-11Cr-3A 1
NESS OF ALLOY (27, p. 217-221)
1400
1
......_
c-.1
vr
Vs+T1Cr2
1200

a+ 8 ~I
... .,.. a+8+T1Crz

...
' 1000 --;7'
'I
~ I
I
800

600
8 10 12 14 16
CHR~It.N CONTENT - PERCENT
PIG. 2.0122 PHASE DIAGRAM OF ALLOY WITH VARIABLE
CHR~Il.M CONTENT (3, p. 11)

720
Tl-13V-~1Cr-3Al
\ 0.060 IN SHEBT
ST+AGE
640

560
\ 20KG LOAD
DPH

...
"~ ~
' a+ 8 +TICr2
.I
480
""
~
--
800

400
1---
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 600
0 2 4 6 8
TEMP- F
ALlMINlM CONTENT - PERCENT
PIG. 1. 064 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURI!S ON HARDNESS
OF SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED SHEET FIG. 2.0123 PHASB DIAGRAM OF ALLOY WITH VARIABLE
(37, p. C.8.k) ALUMINUM CONTENT (3, p. 12)

CODE 3713
PAGE
 NO~FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

16
Ti T113V- 11Cr-3A J ' '"
Tll3V l1Cr3A l ~.;
v
13
II Cr.
li:
t:
12 I /
/
240 1--- +-- , 0.0381N SHEET
900 P, 72 HR, AQ

--(I)
3 AI ~ ---(32 ) /
/
~
v '/
8 /
8120 VCA gj /
....
/
"'~ 4

0
400
-- 0
p

!i1<1
400 800 1200
0 0

r
TEMP P ..:
le 20 15 10 5
FJC. 2.013 TiiERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
(!, p. 2)(32, p. 65) 1300
I MIN I I
1350 lKlO
1450 1500
S0Lt111 0N TREAT TEMP P
PIC. 3. 02121 BFPEC T OF SOL\mO N TREAT
TEM
PBRATURB ON R<X."'M TEMPBRAWRB
TBNSILB PROPBR1U.~ OF AI!RD S!lBET
Ti-13V JJCr-3A J (1, p.3)

Tll3V- 11Cr3A l
~~--4-----~---,~~~~~SHBB
FROM (b)
T
ACINGTIMB
- - RT
I -- (a)
IJIITERIOR (AVE OF 2~ lOOP
}(1) e 8HR
24HR
---- EXTERIOR J
(32
A
48HR
160.
5
-- 35 Y i'2HR
-400 0 400 800 1200
o 100HR
AV LANDT
J . ,.,.~ ...'
TEMP F
FIC. 2.014 TiiERMAL EXPANSION (1, p. 2)(32, p. 63, 64)
(a) Location of lest specime n
(b) To tempera lllre Indicate d

0.20
TJ-13V 11 Cr3AJ

0.16 I
lJ-~ -
....
0.12 ~
7 (1)
li:
I --(31 )
~ I
..: 0.08
le I
i=
"' 0.04 ! SPECIFIC HEAT

IT
0 ST 700 800 900 1llOO 1100
400 0 400 soc 1200 AClNG TBMP P
TEMP F FJC. 3.02122 El'i"EC T OP ACING TBMPI!RATIJR
E AND TiME ON
FIC. 2.015 SPECIFIC HEAT ROOM TEMPERATURE TBNSJLB PROPERTIES
(1, p. 2)('}1, p. 236) OF
SHEET (3, p. 27)

CODE 3713
PAGE 6 .....
~-;
 REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\ _;' n-I3V-UCr- 3Al Ti

0.063 IN WIRE
ST, 92%CW 13 v
3~t-----t---~+~A~G~E~~~F~A~C~
1:1 Cr
3 AI

~BI20VCA
"'

PIG. 3.02131 BPFBCT OF STRBTCHING AFTBR

SOLUilON TRBA"IMBNT ON ROOM
TBMPERA1URB TBNSlLB PROI'BR
TIBS OF SUBSBQUBI'li'LY AGBD
SHBBT (3, p.41) (6, p. 513)

AGING TIME - HR
FIG. 3.02123 EPFECT.OF AGING TIME ON
ROOM TEMPERATURE TBN-
s.JLE PltOPERTIES OF COLD
DRAWN WIRE 20
Ti-13V 11Cr-3Al
........... SHEAR FORMED
RT

~
~. <
260 Tll3 -11Cr3Al
0.063JN SHBBT
ST + CR +AGE 900 F / 180

i2
2~

PTU ;>< __. I

I
/
I

}180
180
~
160
/
X ~ ~
140
~ 160
'_,-X eST
A RED+ AGE 900P, 24 HR, C
RED+ST.'I 425P, AC+AG 9001j
140
I
140 / 24 HR, JIC -
t"'

RT
120

10 ~ ......._
~
0~----~5~----~10~----~15~~--~~
AGING 11MB - HR
100

...ffi 0
.-- -~
-L
e(21N)

r--::::; .....
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
FIG. 3. 02124 BPPBCT OF AGING 11MB ON ROOM TBM-
PERA1URB TBNSILB PROPERTIES FOR SHEET REDUCTION - PERCENT
COLD ROLLED VARIOUS AMO!JIIITS AFTER FIG. 3.02132 EFFECT OF REDUCTION BY SHEAR FORMING ON TENSILE
SOL1JTION TREATING (16) (27, p. 217221)
PROPERTIES OF ALLOY

CODE 3713
PAGE 7
I I
REVISEDMARCH 1966
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

:uo 220
Tt-13V-11Cr-3Al Tt13V-l1Cr-3Al
Ti SHBBT 0,015 IN SHBBT
13 v AGE 900P, 48 HR + 1050P, 5 MIN
200 2001;!
II Cr
~ ~TU -i w
3 AI 5 'j:!

BI20VCA
160 200
... 77 180"'

180
"!'-.. //
/ 160
t!
w

J='
PTY
160
POR TINE
I BXPOSJ![
INDATTI!MP- P
20 40 60 80 550
COLD RBDUC'IlON - PBRCBNI' 140 &600
1-. 700
PIG. 3. 02133 BPPB<rr OP COLD W<liiK ON ROOM
TBMI'BIL\TURB TBNSD..B l'ROI'BRTIBS
aoo
OP SOLITnON TRBATBD SHBBT
(1, p.23) 120
10

0
0.1
e( 21N)
t::: ............
-- 10
-~

1o2 Io3
TIME- HR
PIG. 3.02142 niB EPPBCT OP BXPOSURB 11MB ON
ROCN TI!MPBRATURE TBNSILE PROP
ER11BS AT VARIOUS TEMPBRATURBS
POR SHEBT (26, p. 1.A.3,5,1)

220 T113V11Cr3Al

200
~EBT l ,
BXPOSURB STRBSS. 500 HR
JOJCSI
... 40JCSI
180 60JCSI Tt13Vl1Cr3Ai
... 0 JCSl
200 0. 051 IN SHBBT
ST, 1500 P, 5 MIN, AC

160 .....,j v
140
PTU

J 120
:I"' PTU

"-.pTY 20 ~
120

e
'\.

0
\ e

200 400 600

0
EXPOSURE TI!MP P 0 .200 .400 .600 .810
PIG, 3. 02141 BPPBCT OP EXPOSURE STRESS STRAIN IN PER IN PER MIN
AND TBMPERATURB ON ROOM
TI!MPER.ATURB TENSILE PROP PIG. 3. 0215 :UPPBCT OP STRAIN RAII'B ON ROON
Bli"'IBS Ol' SHBBT IN SOLtTilON T11Ml'BRATURB PROI'BRTJBS OP
TIIBATBD CONDITION IIHBBT IN SOLtTilON TREATED CON
(3, p.94) DmON
(1, p.5)

CODE 3713
PAGE 8
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONF~HHUU~ A~LUT~

240 Ti-13 -11Cr-3Al Ti

i2' SHEET
ST
EXPOSURE
I 13 v
e 5HR II Cr
160 A 16HI:
72HR
Ill
Y480HR 3 AI
~
eL 6 8120 VCA
AT ~so
Ill
160 0~----~2----~.~----6~----~8----~-J
10 8Ill
STRETCH - PERCENT
PIG. 3, 0223 EFFECT OF STRETCHING "IN SOLtmON TREATED
CONDmON ON ROOM TEMPERATURE COMPRES- 700 900 1100
SIVE YlBLD STRENGTH OF AGED SHEET Tl!MP- F
(BAUSCHINGER EFFECT) (6, p. 512-514) FIG, 3,02712EFFE C'i' OF EXPOSURE TEMPERATU RE ANDTIMB
ON ROOM TEMPERATURE NarCH STRENG'Ili OF
ALLOY IN SOLlmON TREATED CONDmON
(19, p.11,

120
Ti-13V-11Cr -3Al
SHEAR FORMED

110

-_, ...... _/
100
.._ /

90
0 10 20 30 50 60
REDUCTION - PERCENT
FIG. 3,0251 EFFECT OF REDUCTION BY SHEAP. FORMING ON
ULTIMATE SHEAR STRENGTH OF ALLOY
(27. p. 302-307)

TI-l v-ucr-3Al
0. 063 IN SHEET

120r-----~r-------r----=T~I-~lr.V~-~ll~C~r~-3~Al~
SHEET, L
ST +AGE 900 F, 72 HR

0.045 0.014 0.004 0.0027 0.0019

I
I I I I I
3 5 7 9 11 13

STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR - K

PIG. 3,02713 EFFEC"( OF '11-llCKNESS ON ROOM TEMPER-
FIG. 3, 02711 EFFECT OF S'l'kESS OONCI!NTRATION ON TENSILE ATURE NarC!; STRENGTH OF AGED SHEET
STRENG'Ili OF AGBD SHBBT (18, p. 7)
(7, p. 20, 21)

CODE 3713
PAGE II
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

Ti .............;

13 v
II Cr
3 AI

8120 VCA .,:.:

i2
:::>

~ 80
,'""
=-
E~
~;80 0

0
ST
AGING TBMP - F
FIG. 3. 02714 EFFECT OF AGING TBMPBRATIJRE AND
T1MB ON NOfCHED AND UNNOTCHBD
ROOM TEMPI!RATIJRE TENSILE PROPER-
11BS OF SHBBT
(17, p,81)

200
Ti-13V-11Cr"3AI
O,OI5 IN SHEET
AGE 900F, 48 HR
180
+ 1050F 5 MIN
60
I
~
TI-!3V-11Cr-3A1
O.U67 IN SHEET
SA, IS MIN AT TEMP INDIC
!60 Ar.l> ot>U> 72 HR
50
RT
!il

~ t--
r ~ VAR :..:
NET STRESS
140
40
!il
:.: 60
!20
Kca
~ SIJ
FRACTURE TOOOHNESS

100
!il
:..: ~ "'---

Note
40
80 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600
ANNEAL!~ TEMP - F
RT FIG, 3.02721 EFFECT OF SOLUTION ANNEA!.I~
TEMPERATURE ON RO<JI,I TEMPERATURE
60 NET FRACTURE STRESS AND FRACTURE
I 3 5 7 9 11
TOUGHNESS OF SHEET (24,p. 154)
STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR, Kt
FIG. 3,02715 EFFECT OF STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR ON Center notched by !"Irk dlscllllrgc mach-
RO<JI,I TEMPERATURE NOTCH STRENGTH PROPERTIES Iring fatigue cracked 0. 7 Inch long by
01' SHEET (26, p. l.A.3.5.1) ~.cnsiontension cycling.

CODE 3713
PAGE 10
 I I
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

)
120 ~T=I~-17.3V=-Tl~lC~r-3~A-I~----,-----,-----~-J1-~ 200
TI-13V- 1Cr-3Al
0.040 IN SHEBT
Ti
AGE -65 F
900F lOOOF sr 13 v
e 0 6~ CR +SA 14SOF, 15MintAG 160
.A. l!J. 6~CR+AGE II Cr
C SOXj CR +SA 14SOF, 15Min +
SO%CR+AGE 3 AI
e.A.ol!J. o.0671N} 120
SHEET 8120 VCA
o o.0461N
t2
80

40

_.004 .008 .012 .016

5fRAIN IN PBR IN
CENTER NOTCHED BY SPARK- DISCHARGE FIG. 3. 03112 STRESS STRAIN CURVI!S IN TEN-
MACHININ:; SION FOR SOLUTION TREATED
FATIGUE CRACKED 0. 7 INCH LONG BY TENSION- SHEET AT VA.RIOUS TEMPERA.-
100 TENSION CYCLING TURBS
(1, p.S)

0 20 40 60 80 100 500
AGING TIME - HR
FIG. 3.lt';' !~ o~<>FECT OF AGING TIME ON ROCM TEMPERATURE NET
!"RACTURI! STRESS AND FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF SHEET
(24, p. 160, 177)

OL---~----~--~----J
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008
0.008 0.016 STRAIN - IN PER IN
STRAIN IN PI!R IN FIG. 3. 03113 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES FOR ALLOY
AT VERY HIGH TI!MPBRATURES
FIG. 3.03111 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES FOR SOLUTIONTREATI!D (34, p. 15-17)
AND AGED SHEET IN TENSION (33, p. 128-130)

CODE 3713
PAGE II
I I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

400
Ti TI-13V-'11Cr-3AI
3/4 IN DlA BAR
13 v -423F
sr
320 I 200 t-,....---t---+-- -t--r-1160 r.i
II Cr
3 AI r--- -320F
J
240 160 t----f-'="11;~..,~~+--1120
8120 VCA
lil
~

160
.... ~ 120 t--""1~=--+---l---180
-!OF
.
80 RT
}
80 t-;;;-;sr~S:\-:H;;-E;;:I!T;-,-:BAR~'"'("'2),----I--I
sr sHEET (1) 1
TB,ION
0
0 o.os 0.16 0.24 0.32
STRAIN - IN PBR IN
FIG. 3.03114 STRBSS-STRAINCURVBS AT ROOM
AND LOW Tl!MPERATURBS FOR
SOLtTnON TREATED BAR IN TENSION
(37, p. C.S.h)
~200~-~200~-~600~--~1~~~~
TBMP-F
PIG, 3.0312 EFFECT OP TEST TEMPERATURE
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OP .SOLU
110N TREATED SHBI!T AND BAR
(1, p. 5)(2, p.13)

1l-13V1 Cr-3Al 240

0, 020 AND 0, 063 IN SHBBT
(PROM 3 HEATS)
ST lt50 P, 20 MIN, AC
1----t----lf-- - + AGB 900 F, 72 HR

320

5160
240
J: 120
lil 160
~

ao
80
i 20

i 0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
STRAIN - IN PER IN TBMI'- p
PIG. 3. 0313 BFPBCT OP TEST TBMPBRA':"URB ON TBNSILB
FIG. 3.03115 STRBSS-STRAIN CURVES AT ROOM AND LOW TEMPER- PROPBR11BS OP SEVERAL HEATS OP AGBD
ATURES FOR SOLtTI10N TREATED AND AGED SHEET SHBI!T
IN TENSION (31, p. 232, 233) (8, p.8, BA) (9, p.A3-AI2) (10, p.A3AI6)

CODE 3713
PAGE _ 1.2
 T.i
REVI SED MARCH 1966 NON.FERROUS ALLOYS

i\, ; ~T~l--13~V--1~1~Cr--~3A-l~----~-----r--~ 1 ~
__ T113Vl1Cr-3Al
0.040 lN,sHBBT __. 240

13
Ti
v
p:t
- !il
II Cr
:.: 3 AI
240 / ... 1~
~
"' 8120 VCA
pry

!il
:.0:1~
200
.
~
--- .....
120

\
~
"' 120 T IRI'
L T L T

c
0


A SA+ AGB 900F, 24 HR
V SA +AGB 1000P, 24 HR
+HOOP, 1 HR I
80
I
BX OSBD ATI550P
10
~
0

...gj 0
~ ~ ~~
7"" 'el2INl
0 2000 6000 10,000
TBMP P
TIMB HR
PIG. 3.0314 BPPBCT OF TBSf. TBMPBRATURB ON TBNSILB
FIG. 3.0316 BPFBCT OP BXPOSURB TIMB AT SSOF ON
PROPBR11BS OF DIPPBRBNT ClAClB SHBBT
(29, p. 61, 26, 29, 70) TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS AT Roa.t TBMPBRA
TURB AND UOP POR SHBBT
(21, p. 26, 27)

'ri-13V11Cr3A1
0.064 IN SHBBT
RT IIOF
- 240 ~
,._ 0 ... 1>. !:A nR OM" .;,, ua
1 C 1 V AClB 1000P, 24 HR ._s;;
+HOOP, 1 HR
-- 200

-
PTU 1-Q
~

200
Tl1JV-11Cr-3Al --.- ~
240 ~~
.......
0. 015 IN SHBBT
AClB 900P, 48 l:R
+ 1050 , SMIN
~
"i p-
-
.., ~ ~
180 ..ti'
..k" 120
PTU
.....-
-......._ FTY

~ ~TY
~
~
.J"L
~ ~
1'1

140
0.5 HR BXPOSURB ~
AT TBsr TBMP P ~~ 120
1:W e(2 IN)
~
. 10
. ~ ~~
~~WA
e(21N)

~
~

0 0
""'T
'
0 8000 12,000 16,000 20,000
0 200 ~ 800 1000
TBMP P TIMB HR

BPPBCT OF TBsr TBMPBRATURB ON TBNSILI" PICl. 3.0317 BPPBCT OF BXPOSIJRB TIMB AT 550P ON TBNSILB
PIG. 3. 0315
PROPBRTIBS AT Roa.t TBMPBRATURB AND llOP
PROPBR11BS OF SHBBT (26, p. 1.A.~.,5)
FOR 0. 064 IN SHBBT (21, p. 24, 25)

CODE 3713
PAGE 13
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

280
Ti Ti-13\'-UCr- 3AI
0.063 IN SHEBJ'
13 v ST.l4SOF, 20 MIN, AC
+ A(;E 900F, 72 HR, AC 260
II Cr FTU
3 AI
260 240 lil
:.:
8120VC A /
:::.
240 220 "'""'
lil
:.: 220 200

i':
"' 200 180

180
L T

A
~2 HEATS
160
10
~
Ill
u
ffi 0
"' -300 -200 -100 0 100
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0318 BFFBCT OF LOW TBST TEMPERATURES ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET
(32, p. 6!,62)

OL-----~----~-L-----L-----L_j

0 0.008 0.016 0 0.008 0.016

STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG. 3.03211 STRESS-STRAIN CliRVBS IN COMPRBSSJON FOI'
SOLIJ110N TRBAT!l> AND AGED SHBBT OF
VARIOUS 11fiCKNBSS AND TBST TEMPERATURES
(33, p. 131132)

CODE 3713
PAGE 14
 12~-r----~------~----~--~
200 Ti-13V-11Cr -3Al n- 3V-11Cr-3Al Ti
0.063JN SHEET
A~E, 900 F, 60 HR
13 v
II Cr
3 AI

8120 VCA

l~OL-----200~----~~-----600~---~~
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0322 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENG1ll OF
SHEET AT ROOM AND ELEVATEDT EM
PERATURBS
(2, p.13)

200~----~----~----~-----T-----,
Ti-13V -11Cr-3AI
MILLANN 36
"'ST HOOF, 30 MIN. AC ( )
J
ST 1450F, 20 MIN, AC oL-~------~~~~~~~~~
-400 -200 0 200 400
AGE 900F, 7~ HR, AC
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
IMPACT STRBI>XITH OF BAR
(1, p.18,19X3S, p. 4X36, p.32)

120
L T

....
0 0.063 I~} SHEET
1::.. 0.125 IN
100
0 200 400 600 ~ 1000
TEMP-F
I'JG. 3.0323 EFFECT OF ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
ON COMPRESSJV E YIELD STREI>XITH OF VARIOUS
SHEET THICKNESSES (32. p. 15-20)

160
TI-J3V-11Cr -3AI

40

0 400 800 ~200l~-----4o----~~----400~----~600~----~~--~1~000~

TI!MP- F "t:!t.!P - F

FIG. 3.0324 BF1'BCT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON FIG. 3. 0351 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON DOUBLE SHEAR
COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRE!>XITII O>- STRENGTH OF BAR AND SHEET
(28. p. 79) (2, p.14) (IO. p. A35-A37)
DIFFERENT GAGE SHEET

CODE 3713
PAGE I~
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

Ti TI-13Vl 1Cr-3Al TI-13V-1 Cr-3AI

SHBET
13 v ST !4SOF, 20 MIN, AC
l-~x:--t----+--AG_B_900F, 72HR, AC 20
II Cr
3 AI

B 120 VCA

Iii
:.:
a:
:j 100 60
ili L
1<1
..l
~ 80

60 TEMP- F
0 200 400 600 800 1000 FIG. 3.0361 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON BEARIN:l YIELD
TBMP- F STRENGTH OF AGED SHEET AT LOW AND ELEVATE D
FIG. 3.0352 BFFBCT OF TBST TllMPER AnJRB ON SHEAR TEMPERATURES (3, p.86) (9, p.A33-A3 5)
STR BOOTH OF Sll BET (32, p. 51-54)

180
T113V-1 1Cr-3AI
0. 040 IN SHEET
ST
160 \.
'\.
Iii
:.:
140 ~ 180

120
"K Fsu

........ 160
..
L

T
0
A
0

100
-300 -200 -100
~ 140
y
<>
"

0 100
0 200 400 600
TllMP F 600 1000
FIG. 3.0353 TEMP- F
BFFBCT OF LOW TllMPER AnJRBS ON
SIIBAR STRBr.r;TH OF SHEET FIG. 3.0362 .BFFBCT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON BBARIN:l
(37, p. c. 8. p) P.ROPERTIBS OF SHEET FOR e/D 1.5
(32, p. 21-35)

CODE 3713
PAGE 16
 REVISED MARCH 1966

380 1.40'r---"T"---r---:T~li""l:":3::":Vi""l:":l:O:::Cr:!'"":3:":AI":-""""'"
T113Vl1Cr3Al
0.025 AND0.040INSHEBT
Ti
SHBBT 0
sr 1450P, 20 MIN, AC 1.2011----4~....ditf-- 13 v
360 ~~~+-----~---AGB~F,72HR,AC
II Cr

340
~001J----=-.y}---f---f---+---J 3 AI

8120 VCA

320
~ 0.801----14 ----+---+--- +---1
0
~~-~o---=200=--~400~-~600~--=soo::::!
TEMP. P
300
PIG. 3. 03712 EFFECT OF TBsr TBMPBRATURB AND AGING
TIMB ON NOTCH srRBNGTH RATIO POR SIIBET
AT LOW AND BLBVATBDTI!MPBRA TURBS
(4)
!i! 280
)(

260

240

e/D-2.0
220

200

, ....... 180

0 200 400 600 800 1000

TEMP F
FIG. 3.0363 BFFBCT OF TEST TI!MPBRA'IURB ON BEARING
PROPERTIES OF SHEET FOR e/D 2. 0
(32, p. 36-50)

320 r---.,.---'--,--::T:::I~-1:-::3::::V~-1:-=1-::Cr---::3~AI:"1
0. 063 IN SHEET 300
1450 F, 15 MIN, AC
BACH THICKNESS FROM
+900 F 48 HR
DIFFERENT HEAT

0 800 1200
F
PIG. 3.03711 BFPBCT OF TBsr TBMPBRATURB PIG. 3.03713
. ON NOTCH STRENGTH OP AGED
SHEET
(7, p. 26) (18, p.IS)

CODE 3713
PAGE 17
 --
TI-13V-11Cr3111 TI1~'1!-IJI;:r3Al
Ti 0,060 IN SHBBT

13 v
240
0.040 tN SHEET
I e 0
MILL ANN
0, 062 IN SH BIIT

II Cr
200
Fro:( - .6. 6 ST 1400P, 3(1 MIN, AC ~
C ST+AGB901)F, 20HR, AC (35)
't' V ST+AGE901lF, 72HR, AC
3 AI

B 120 VCA 160 7 I

1i! 120
:.:
NOT H STRmx:lTH

80 ~
r--...
;.-
""'-...
- ~

BXPOSBDAT550F~..z.__
i !-
RT -iioF
40
~
e T L T sA+AGB900F,2H:I
0 .6. t. s;, +AGE lOOOF,
T
0. 70 I. 0
C ... V 4 HR + HOOF, I HR
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200
0
I I 1 ~C:,PQ.0001
TEMP P
0 2000 4000 6000 8000
IO,OOO FIG. 3.03716 EFFECT OF LOW TEST TEMPERATURE ON NOTCH STRmx:lTH
TIME HR OP SHEET (34, p.5)(35, p. 30, 31)
FIG. 3.03714
BFFBCT OF EXPOSURE TIME liT 550F ON NOTCH
&TRB!oliTH liT ROOd TI!MPBRIITURB liND liOF
FOR SHEET (21,p.26,27)

240
TI-13V llCr-3111
0.064 IN SHEET

80

60
120 - - - - - - - - - ----t---;---+---1 T
j!j ~ NOTCH STRB!I(;TH

.M

20 r----~IITIGUECRACK
NET STRESS 8/ISBD ON
INITliiL CRACK LE!oliTH

0
-400 -200 0 200 400
0 8000 12,000 16,000 20,000 24,000
TEMP P
TIME HR
FIG. 3,03717 BFFBCTOFTESTTI!MPERII TUREON
PIG. 3. 03715 BFPBCT OF EXPOSURE TIME AT 550P ON NOTCll NET FRACTURE STRESS OF CENTER
STRB!oli1lliiT ROOM TI!MPBRA'fURB liND liOF FOR NOTCH SHEET SPECJMP.NS
SHEET (21,p.24,25) (22, 1bl. 26)

CODE 3713
PAGE 18
 I'~~"''" I .. , , I'VVW ""~'-"'I W

l~'r=T1~-~13~V~-1~1~Cr--~3A~l~-----r-----r-----,
n-13V-uer-3A1 Ti
063 IN SHEET
200 1450 F, 15 MIN, AC 13 'yl
TEST TEMP 800 F +900 F, 48 HR

160 --
0 I
~60
II
3
Cr
AI

B 120 VCA
!2120
oFTU
.ll.RUPTUR
J K I.

80

~L---~----~----~--~~--~
0. 1 10 100 1000 10,000
0 L T
BAR
SHEET {yve A
200 KSI}
170 KSI RT FTU FIG. 3. OU
TIMB- HR
CREEP RUYI"URE CURVES FOR' AGED SHEET
0 185 KSI AT BOO F (7, p.29)
A c K1c DETERMINED FROM POP-IN
YV K1c DETERMINED FROM OBVIATION
FROM LINEAR LOAD DEFLECTION
I-----+- CURVE

2:~----~----~----~----~--~
-100 0 100 200 300 400
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.03721 EFFECT OF 1.'BST TEMPERATURE ON NET
FRACTURE STRESS AND PLANE STRAIN FRACTURE
TOOOHNBSS OF BAR AND SHEET (28, This. 33-35) n-!3V-11Cr-3AI
O.OM IN SHBET
~ 1400 F, 1/2 HT, AC
BAR SPECIMEN 2201------l + 875 F, SO HR

~ C'r 0.005
FATIGUE PRE-CRACKED
SAWCUT (A) n~0.6 IN
EXTENDED BY TBNSION-TENSION
180~---~----~~-~

140......
- - -----
.__- ---..--
-==-..:.::- . . . . . . .
'
... ...........
.........
..
--
----.......
- 600F
....

tV 0, 355 IN DIA FATIGUE TO PRE-CRACKEO..vO, 7 IN

120~---~'~~-'~,l--"~-~
' 1', \
700F ', ' , \
!OOr------1------~--~~
1', '\
80~----4------+~r-~
\ '
\
~.:s~!{,_1 CRBBP \
60~~=-----~:~~i_ _~--~'~
(L. T)

10 lOCI 1000
11MB -I!R
FIG. l. 042 CRBBP CURVBS POR AGBD SHBBT
AT 600 AND 700 F (IS, p. 2B-J2)

COOE 3713 I
PAGE 19 I
 1mP-----~----~----~~T-I-~13~V~
--11~C~r~-3~~~ I
0.687 IN BAR ''-
sr

.66 (2)
eo (1)
10 L-----..L..----.,J,.,---+:----~,....
-200 o ~ - , ..................J
PIG. 3.051 S-N CURVES POR SOLUTION TRBAT
200 600 'iioo 1000
BD BAR TBMP. P
(1, p. 19) PIG, 3.0621 MODULUS OP ELASTICITY AT LOW
AND El.BVA TBD
TBMPI!RATURBS
(1, p. 2)(2, p. 8)

200P-----.-----~----~----
~----~
Ti-13V !Cr-3AI
O. 100 IN SHBET
ST+AG I!
FTU 200 KSI

AXIAL LOAD FATIGUE

R 0,01
40L ---.I .---. I....- --..I ---.J .---- 1
102 1o3 1o4 loS lo6 107
NUMBBR OF CYCLE S
FIG. 3, 052 SN CURVI! FOR SOLUTION TRI!ATI!D AND AGI!D
SHI!I!T AT ROOM AND LOW TI!MPI!RATURBS
(37, p. C.8.o)

o.s 18
Ti-13V- 11Cr-3A I TI-13V 11Cr3 AI
0.063 IN SHI!I!T sr 14SOF, 20 MIN, AC
ST+AG I! AGI! 900F, 72 HR, AC
0 0.4 16
r::
~ li!
"'z ~~ ~ v---- :.:

~ 14

~
0.3
eL L T
OT

6
0
A
0.2 12
0 200 400 0 800
600 800 1000 1000
TI!MP- F TBMP F
FIG. 3.061 POISSON"S RATIO ,\T ROOM AND I!LI!VATI!D FIG. 3. 0622 I!FFI!C T OF TEST TI!MPI!RATURI! ON
TI!MPI!RATURI! COMPRI!SSION MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
(31, p. 181)
FOR SHI!ET (32, p. IS-m)

CODE 3713
PAGE 20
 REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
13 v
II Cr
3 AI
llO ............ .......
1000!::._ ........... B 120 VCA
1----tl--.....-..=...~--f---,Hf--f-H----t
80
r--
L
~~--~~---+-----I--H~44----4

Iii
:.:
0

160
~~
RT-

lOOP-

s
-
,....
!::::o-..
r-......
~
-
1--- ~ ~
BOOF
9!.10;.;..._ """="'- 200
llO TI-13V l!CrJAI
RT--

r-- \I\
f-.- 0.063 IN SHEET
1000!._ 200F
400F-._
r---r---....._ ST+AGE
160
80 ~F.O::::::: !:::::::,....
~
~
BOOP

40
120
!xJop......._
1000!.._
t:::::: r-2- ----1"'-
~

TEilON
80
r--- r--.... ....
0
0 8 12 16 lO
TANJENT MODULUS - 1000 KSl
PIG. 3,0641 TANJENT MODULUS CURVES AT ROOM AND
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR SOLt.rriON
TREATED AND AGED SHEET IN TENSION L

--
(23, p. 122)
0
RT

2~~ r---
160
400F:'::
t-- r---

120
~}..::
900P
~ :::::=:::::
~ r-- -
~........
1000!._

80
r--........ !'.., """
-........
T
..
,;,

c,,MPRloN I
0
0 8 12 16 20

TANJENT MODULUS 1000 KSl

PJ:;. 3.0642 TANGBNTMOOU LUSCURVBSATR OOMAND
BLBVATBD TEMPERATURES FOR SOLtmON
TRBATBD AND AGBO SHB.BT IN COMPRESSION
(33, p. 124)

CODE 3713
PAGE 21
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH 1966

Ti TI-13V -11Cr-3AI ~~----r---~n~-~1~3V~-~~-~~--~~M_,

0.063 IN SHBI!T
13 v ST+AC:B AGB800 F
200
II Cr RT ....._
~F-
~ ~
3 AI
200F-
400F...._ tOO~
600F
8120VCA 160 600F ......,.

~
BOOF
::~ ~'
120
900F ..........
'\~
~
Iii \
I~
~

80

L T
40
140 h~-1---+---+--1

Fj_PRBSSJON
0 120
8 12 16 8 12
SECANT MODULUS- 1000 KSI
16

FIG. 3.065 SBCANT MODULUS CURVES AT ROOM AN>
BLBVATEO TEMPBRATURBS FOR 50Ll1110N
TRBATED AND AC:BD SHBBT 1N COMPRBSSION AGING nMB - HR
(33, p.126) FIG. 4.0121 BFFBCT OF AGING AFTBR
FORGING AT TWO TBMPBRA-
TURBS (13, p. 71)

n- 13V -11Cr-3AI
1.2 .---.-- -+---+ -
TI-13V-11Cr-3A I
SHEBT
ST, 1400 F, IS TO 30 MIN. AC
0.8
l ..
oe
C.
0.020 IN
0.063 IN
0.1251N
SHEET

'
" ' ~ _..... .,....--
.....
a:

0
0 100 300
TBMP- P
- 5!XI

40 80 120 160
FIG. 4.0111 BFFBCT OP TEST TIDOIIRATURE ON IIBND I'ROI'BR-
nBS OP SOLunON TRBATBD SHJ!I!T AT ROOW AND BEI'C Alo(;LB - Oll(;REES
BLBVATBD TBMI'BRATUR BS FIG. 4.013 SPLIT11NJ LIMITS FOR BRAKE FORM!!>(;
(12, p.4~ AT iOOOF AN> 1200P (~. p. 93-95)

CODE 3713
PAGE 22
 Ti
.REVISEDMARCHI966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

, ...
',}~ . ~
'I(:Jii' 0.8
TIl3V-11Cr3Al Ti
13 v
0.6
II Cr
3 AI
oe o.o20 IN} SHEET
6.A 0.0631N BI20VCA
0.4 o6Gooo
"'
a:;
......
.c
e .A BUCKLED AND FRACTURED
I

i;;Rb ~

~'fTf1
Rb Radius of blaul<
Rei RadiVJJ of dl~
0.2 h Rb. Rei
dI ~ H
rp
Cup height
l'llnch radius

10 20 40 60 80 100
h/t
FIG. 4,014 LIMIT CURVE FOR DEEP DRAWING AT 1200F
(29, p. 121, 122)

RBFERBNCES

Crucible Sreel Co. ol America, Data Sheet B 120 VCA,TI

tanium Alloy Issue 112, TDS2007-5M(l960), (Dec. 1960)
2 Titanium Metals Corp. of America, "Properties of n-
13V11Cr3Al", Titanium Bnglneerlng ailletln No. 9,
Ouue 1960)
3 Wood, R. A. BDd Ogden, H. R. , "The All-Beta Titanium
Alloy", DMlC Rep. No. 110, (April 17, 1959)
4 Alloy Digest, "Crucible 8120 VCA", Filing Code: TI-28,
.( Titanium Alloy, (Dec. 1960)
"'--" 5 o..i-~~~zln, R.C.. Crucible Sreel Co.,"ftora>nal Communi
cation", (Oct. 23, 1959)
6 Carpenter, S.R., Woodward, R.D., Alesch, C. W. BDd
Green, E. D., Convair, "Titanium Development Study
Program", lnterlm Engineering Rep. No. IX, Qan. thru
March, 1960)
7 Sachs, G. and Sessler, J. G., "Effect of Sttess Concentra
tlon on Tensile Strength of Titanium BDd Sreel Alloy Sheet
ar Various Temperatures", Symposium on Low-Tempers
ture Properties of HlghSttength Aircraft BDd MlssUe
Msterlsls, ASTM Sl1' No. 287, p. 122, (1960)
8 White, D.L., McGee, W.M .. Mathews, B.R., BDdWata>n,
H. T., Lockheed Aircraft Corp., "The Dercrmlnatlon or
the Mechanlcsl Property Design Data for Heat Treated n-
tanium Alloys Being Produced by the DOD Sheet Rolling
Program", Progress Rep. No. 9, ER-3830, Vol. 9,
Oune 1961)
9 Hughes, P.J .. McGee, W.M. BDd White, D.L., Lockheed
Aircraft Corp. , "The Dercrmlnatlon <1 the Mechanlcsl
Property Design Data for Heat Treated Titanium Alloys
Being Produced by the DOD Sheet Rolling Program", Pro
gress Rep. No. 7, ER-3830, Vol. 7, (Dilc. 1960)
10 Hughes, P.J., McGee, W.M. aad Jollllson, R. W., Lock
heed Aircraft Corp. , "The Determination of the Mechsnl
csl Property Design Data for Heat Treated. Titanium
Alloys Being Produced by the DOD Sheet Rolling Program",
Progreu Rep. No. 8, ER-3830, Vol. 8, (March 1961)
11 Erica>n, G, L., Boyd, W.K. BDd Miller, P.D., "ColTO
slon or Titanium BDd Titanium Base Alloys In l.Jquld BDd
Gaseous Fluorine", TMLBMl Memo, (April 30, 1958)
12 Crucible Sreel Co., Titanium Dlv., "Tentative Data Sheet
Cruclhle 8120 VCA, an FAFormageahle Beta Titanium
Alloy", Brochure Ouue 23, 1958)
13 Henning, H.J. BDd Frowt. P.O., "Titanium Alloy For11
logs", DMIC Rep. No. 141, (Dec. 19, 1960)

CODE 3713
PAGE 23
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

14 Brollters, A.J., Martens, H. B. aud Wood, A.L., "Bend

Ti 38 "A Review and Compariso n of Alloys for Future Solid
Properties of Welded High Strength Titaolum Alloy Sleet",
Propellant RoclcetM otor Cases", Defense Metals Info.nn
13 v 15
Jet Propulsion Laborator y TR No. 3239, ijan. 30, 1961)
Horne, B.L. !llld Harden, W.O., "Elevated Temperatu re
atlon Center, Battelle Memorial Institute, DMIC Merr.o
184, (Nov. 15, 1963)
II Cr Creep Properties of B 120 VCA Sleet Material", WAOD 39 Military Haodboolc - 5, "Metallic Materials and Blt:ment
TR 60525, (Nov. 1960)
3 AI 16 Brown, W. F., Jr., Personal Commuulc atlons, (Aug. 1961 for Plight Veblcle Structures " FSC: 1500, Dept. rl
Defense, (August 1962)
and Jan. 1962)
17 Espey, G.B., Jones, M.H. and Brown, W.P., Jr., "Sbup
BI20V CA Bdge Notch Tensile Character lstlcll of Several High
Strengllt Tltaolum Sheet Alloys at Room and Cryogeot.~
Temperatu res", Symposium on Low Tempr.r.. ~re Proper
ties of High Strengllt Aircraft and Missile MaterlalD,
ASTM SI'P No. 287, (1960)
18 Replco, A.J., Jones, M.H. and Brown, W.P., Jr., "In
fluence of Sleet Thlclcoess on Sharp Bdge Notch Proper
ties of a.,4Titao1 um Alloy at Room and Low Tempera
tures", ASTM Preprlnt No. 80 b, (1961)
19 Brown, W.P., Jr., Espey, G.B. and Jones, M.H., "Con
slderatlon s In Selection of Wing and Fuselage Sheet Mater
lals for Trlsonlc Transport s", SAB Preprlnt No. 341 0,
(1961)
20 "Titao!um Alloy Sheet, Strip and ftate", Aerospace Mat
erial SpccU!catlon AM5 4917, Issued Oan. 15, 1963)
21 Heimerl, G.]., Baucom, R.M., Manning, C.R., Jr. and
Braski, D. N., "Stability of Pour Titaolum-A lloy and Pour
Stainless Steel Sheet Materials after Exposures up to
22.000 Hours at 350 P", NASA TN 02607, (Feb. 1965)
22 VIglione, ]., Worden, W.P., Brthal, J .F. and Williams,
P. S. , "Fracture Toughness Properties of Some Alloy
Steels and Aluminum and Titanium Alloys", .U.S. Naval
Air Engineerin g Center, Report No. NABCAML-2111,
(March.4, 19~5)
23 Hanna, G. L. and Steigerwal d, B. A. , "Fracture Charac
terlstlcs of Structural Metals", Thompson -Ramo
Wooldridge, Inc., ER-5426, Oune 30, 1963)
24 Banerjee, B.R. and Hauser, J. T., "Fracture Micro
mechanics In HlghStren gllt Steels and Titanium" , ML
IDR-6418 2, ijuly 31, 1964)
25 "Basic Design Facts about Titao!um" , Reactive Metals,
Inc., Niles, Ohio, (Feb. 1965)
26 "Compilat ion of Unpublished Materials Informatio n 3rd
Quarterly Report", Republic Avlalion Corp., Rep. No.
3573, Oan. 12, 1962)
27 Jacobs, F., "Mechanic al Propenles of Materials Pabrl
cated by Sheer Forming", ASO 1DR628 30, (Feb. 1963)
28 Wood, W. W., et a!, "Advanced Theoretica l PormabUit y
Manufactu ring Technolog y,Interlm Repon Part II", ASO
TR8-t43< m (1964>
29 Wood, W. W., eta!, "Advanced Theoretica l PormabUi ty
ManufaCturing Technology, Interim Report Pan Ill", ASD
TR8143( tm, (1964)
30 :Wood, W. w., et al, "Advanced Theoretica l PormabUi ty
Manufactu ring Technolol! f, Interim Repon Pan IV", A.!D
TR8143( IV), (1964)
31 McGee, W.M. and Mathews, B. R.., "Determin ation of De
sign Data for Heat Treated Titanium Alloy Sheet, Vol.2a",
ASD 1DR623 35, Vol. 2 a, (May 1962)
32 Lockheed- Georgia Co., "Determin ation of Design Data
for Heat Treated Titanium Alloy Sheet, Vol. 3", ASD
mR-6233 5, Vol. 3, (May 1962)
33 Hughes, P.J., "Determin ation of Design Data for Heat
Treated Titanium Alloy Sheet, Vol. 1", AS01DR 62335,
Vol. I, (May 1962)
34 Moorheed, P. B., "Tensile and Creep Properties of Co
lumblum, Tantalum and Titao!um Alloys at Elevated
Tempe~atures", Bell Laborator y Report BLR6226
M,
(Dec. 1962)
35 Hickey, c. P., Jr., "Mechanic al Properties of Titanium
and Aluminum Alloys at Cryogenic Temperatu res",
ASI'M, Preprlnt No. 78, (1962)
36 Christian, j. L., "Mechanic al Properties of Titanium and
ntanlum Alloys at Cryogenic Temperat ures", Convair
Astronauti cs, MRG-189, (Oct. 14, 1960)
37 Schwartzb erg, P.R. , Osgood, S. H., Keys, R. D. and
Kiefer, T.P., "Cryogeni c Materials Data Handbook, Pro
gress Repon No. 1", ML1DR6 4280 Suppl. ,(Peb.l965 )
1

CODE 3713
PAGE 24
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFE RROUS ALLOYS
W.F.BROWN JR.

1. GENERAL 1.052 Producers recommende d heat-treatme nts for various

This Is a heat treatable alpha+ beta alloy that In many forms, Table 1. 052
respects Is similar to Tl-liAl-4V but containing In- Ti
creased content of beta stabilizing elementa Which TABLE 1.052
provide higher strength potential at a sacrifice In
6 AI
toughness and weldablllty. In forged sections and plate
up to one Inch thick the guaranteed minimum Ftu; 170ksl
Source
Alloy
(1)
Tl...f;Al-6V-2Sn
6 v
Cor solution treated and aged material. For forged Form Flat Rolled Flat Rolled Bars, Forgings 2 Sn
sections between 3 and 4 inches the correspondin g
Ftu= 150 ksl. The response to heat treatment may vary
<
0.125 Inch ~ 0.125 & Extrusions
from heat to heat and the correct aging temperature Heat Treatment 1000 to 1200 F 1000 to 1200 F 1000 to 1200 F
Is best determined by tests on the heat In question. As Streos Relief ( l to 4 llr ) AC ( 1 to 4 Hr) AC ( 1 to 4 llr) AC
Is characteristi c or other titanium alloys exposure to
stress at elevated temperature produces changes In the
retained mechanical properties. The stress and temper- Anneal 1400 F , 4 Hr 1400 F, 411r 1400 F, 4 Hr
ature limits below which these changes will not occur FC to HOOF AC FC to 1100 F AC AC
have not yet been established for this alloy. Structural
applications should be based on a knowledge of the low SoluUon 'frcat 1525 to 1600 F 1550 to 1625 F 1550 to 1650 F
toughness characterizin g the higher strength conditions of 5 to 5 min WQ 1/2 Hr WQ 1 Hr WQ_
this alloy and the limited toughness of welds. Particular Age 1050 to 1150 F 1050 to 1150 F 950 to 1100 F
attention should be given to the Influence of aggreoolvc (to desired
environment s In the presence of cracks. Such en vi ron- 411r AC 4 HrAC 4 to 12 Hr AC
strength level)
menta Include aqueous solutions of chlorides and poss-
Ibly certain organic solvents such as methanol.
1. 06
1. 01 Commercial Designation
6Al-6V-2Sn- TI alloy. 1.07 Formfl and Conditions Avnllablc
Sheet ond plate In annealed, solution treated and
1. 02 Alternate Designations soluticn treated and aged condition. Bar stock and
None forglr.g billet In as-rolled or annealed conditions. Ex-
truded shapes up to a size that can be circumscribe d by
1. 03 Specification s a 5 1/4 inch diameter circle in annealed or heat treated
MIL-T-4603 5. conditiv:t.

1.04 Composition 1. 08 Melting and Casting Practice

Table 1. 04 Sec TI-GAI-4V

1.09 Special Consideratio ns

I. 091 llardcnablllty . An attempt has been made to Improve
the hardcnability of this alloy ao compared with TI-
6Al-4V- by Increasing the amount of beta stabilizing
alloy additions. These modifications have Increased
TABLE 1.04 the maximum strength potential. However, the
available evidence indicates that pcrccntagcw lsc the
Source (1) strength loss produced by Increasing the solution
treated section size Is about the same for this alloy
Alloy TI-6Al-6V-2 Sn and for THiAI-4 V. This Is Illustrated In Flgu rc 1. 095
V!hich shows the reduction In F ty as the solution treated
Percent
s~~uon sizc Is fncrC!nscd for forgings, bar and plate,
Min Max
All but one set of data Indicates the hardenablllty for
Aluminum this alloy Is essentially the same as for Ti-GAI-4V,
5.0 6.0
Vanadium and those data oxhlblt anamolus behavior In that the
5.0 6.0
Tin strength of a two Inch diameter section Is above that
1.5 2.5
Iron for a one inch section. IC the amount or hot working is
0.35 1.0
Copper the same for each heat treated section size, then
0.35 1. 0
Oxygen ductility as measured by reduction In area may be
0.20 essentially unchanged or increase as the heat treated
Carbon 0.05
Nitrogen section size Increases. (Sec Figure 3.0216 and 3.0217).
0.04
Hydrogen II the heal. treated size variation represents a variation
0.015
Titanium In the degree of working, the ductility may decrease
Balwtcc
with Increasing section size. (Sec Figure 3. 0216 and
3.02112).
1. 092 Stability. Expoourc to stress at ul..vatcd temperatura
produces the so-<:allcd creep lnstablllty charncterlsll c
of the higher alumlnum-tit aalum alloys. Thf Is
probably due to a combination of structural change and
Interstitial cmbrlttlcmen t. It Is evidenced by an Increase
1.05 ltcat Treatment In the ultimate tensile and yield strength and decrease
1.051 General. The lnfluence of heat treatment on the In both elongation and reduction In area. (Sec Tables
microstructu re and mechanical properties of this alloy 3. 02110 and 3. 02111). The strength Increases appear
Is similar to that observed for 6Al-4V. 111gb solution to be smaller for the solution treated and aged altoy,
tcmperaturef i result In Increased tensile strength but however, both annealed and solution treated and aged
In reduced ductility and toughness (sec figures 3. 02113) material exhibit substantial losses In ductility. There
.. _
3. 02114 and 3. 02714) aging Is normally carried out
between 950 to 1100 F, depending on the strenglh level
Is Insufficient data to deflno tho temperature and stress
below which these c((ects become negllgthlc and the
desired. Ductility and toughness both Increase with an available Information docs not Include Htudles of the
Increase In aging temperature (see figures 3. 02115, effects of hen! treatment or Interstitial. content. It
3. 02117, 3. 02114, 3. 02712 and 3. 02721). should be noted thnt O.'CpofUre to 600 F, at a stress of
I
:.I
:I
.f
 Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH 1968

15 ksi produces substantiali.Dcrcases in strcogth and which the load was !ncrcased. The maximum stress
Intensity sustatned witbout failure was called "ksi held".
Ti loss In RA for annealed b.u-, (1). Solution treated and
The lowest susta.lned stress intensity tba.l produced
aged specimens cut !rom a. forgillg and exposed to 550F,
6 AI for 1000 bours witbout stress exhibited a. doorense in failure was a.lso reported. It ls doubtful whether such
botb tensile strength and duct!llty. AppUca.tions of tbls types of tests can establish a stress Intensity
6 v alloy to elevated temperature service sbould be based on tbresbcld helow wirleh fa.llure would never occur In tbe
corrosion medls, bowewr, tboy do oxtsblish ksi levels
tborough studies or tbo lJ:lluonce or elevated temper-
2 Sn ature exposure on all c:e.tlca.l properties. above wirleh rapid failure can be expected. A large
1.tl93 Intersiltia.ls, see Figure 3.03721. number of bca.l treatments were investigated for botb
1.094 Stress corrosion, soc 2. 03 extrusions and !orgillgs. The data Is too limited and
1.095 HardcnabWty of wrtous forms ol a.lloy, Figure 1. 095. unaystematlc to define preferred hoa.l treatments for
1.096 Segrega.tion. The relatively high beta stabWzlng maximum reslstaDc~ te stress corrosion, however,
element content rendors tbta alloy prone to sogrega.lion there does appear to be a tread of decreasing
of iron and te a Jesser extent of copper during tngot suscepUbWty witb doorcaslng strength level ( See
solidi!ica.tion. This segregation will !ncrcase witb Figure 2. 034). The susceptibWty of high strength
tngot size and can cause low toughness In the center conditlnas of tbis alloy Is a.lso indicated by tests on
P'Jrtion or largo sections. pla.le run at NRL (20)
2.033 Solid salt corrosion. Smootb tensile specimens 1/8
2. PIIYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Inch thick In either the onnealcd (1350 F, 1/4 hr FC )
or solution treated nnd aged condition (1550 F, 5 minutes
2.01 Thermal Properties WQ + 1100 F, FC ) were coated with o. 002 Inch or
:.\ill Molting range. NnCl and loaded at 550 or 650 F, to various fractions of
2.012 Pbsse changes. Beta traasus approxlma.lely 1735 F. tbelr yield strength for different lengtlrs of time (16).
2.0121 Time temperature traasformntion dlagra.m, Figure An attempt was made to establish the nuclnation time for
2.0121. stress corrosion by examination of tbo surface for
2.013 Thermul conducllvlty, Figure 2. 013. cracks (after cleaning) at 500 X. In addition, cyclic ex-
2.014 Thermal expnnsion, Figure 2. 014. posure was Investigated using n hoattng time of 10 to
2.015 5peclflc heat, Figure 2. 015. 15 minutes, a bold time of 3 bours and a cooling time of
2.016 Thermal dlffusi vlty. 45 to 50 minutes. Preliminary tests sbowed tbe trans-
verse direction to be more sensitive tban the longi-
2.02 Other Physical Properties tudinal direction and all tests were run In the transverse
2.021 Density. 0.164 lb per cu ln. 4.58 gr per cu em, (1) direction. The dal.a are too limited to define stress
2.022 Electrical properties. limits below which stress corrosion would not occur or
2.0221 Electrical reslsllvlty, Figure 2. 0221.
to accurately eslabUsh stress vs. time to cracking
2.024 Emissivity.
curves. The essential feature of the results nro
2.025 Damping capacity.
summarized tn Table 2.035. As might be expected
2.03 Chemical Properties stress corrosion occurs at lower fractions of tbe
2.031 General. This alloY,, like TI-6AI-4V, Is susceptible to yield strength at 650 F, tban at 550 F. At 550 F,
stress corrosion ln the presence of solid salt nt cracUng was observed at less than 0.6 Ftyfor the aged
elevated t.cmpera.tures and exhibits delayed fnilurc of condition and at less tban o. 5 Fty for tbe annealed
cracked specimens In aqueous solution or chlorides, condition. At 650 F, cracking was observed nt less
however, only a limited amount of data on tbis alloy than 0. 3 Fly for both conditions with the aged condition
Is available to define tbe stress corrosion
susceptibility. being more senslllve tban tbe onnealed condition. There
ls an Indication that cyclic stressing mny be less severe
2.032 Delnycd failure. A sbort cut procedure was used (21)
lban continuous loading altbough more data Is needed
to determine a stress tnlenslty level below which
to definitely establish such an effect.
delayed failure tn 3 1/2 percent salt solution did nol
2.034 Effect of yield strength level on delayed failure
occur in some speclfled time period. Pre-eracked notch
characteristics tn sail wa.ler, Figure 2. 034.
bend specimens wore Immersed tn salt water and
2.035 Results of elevated t.cmperature solid sail slress
subject to stresses below tbose causing failure when
corrosion test of sheet, Table 2. 035.
rapidly applied in alr. Specimens were hold under
load until fllllure occured or until "one to three bcurs"
elapsed witb no lndlcnllon of crack propagation after

TABLE 2.035

Source (16)
Alloy TI-6AI-6V-ZSn
Form 0. 120 Inch Sheet

Expose Cracks Observed No Cracks Observed

Tcmp-F (I) Time at Time at
Condition
0./ Fty I Load-hr 6;,/Fty Load-hr

1350 F, 1/41!r FC- Fty = 122 Ksl 650 0.30 50 0.30 18

1550 F, 5 min WQ + 1100 F, 4 llr AC
Fty= 134 Ksl 650 0.22 10 0.16 10
1350 F, 1/4 l!r FC - F ty= 125 Ksl 550 0.47 18 0.33 65
(0.48)(2) (350)
1550 F, 5 min WQ 1100 ~. 4 llr AC
=
Fty 137 Ksl . . .. ' 550 0.58 180 < 0.58 180

(1) 0.120 Smootb Specimen Exposed At Stress Or

(2) Cyclic Exposure: llcntln 10 To 15 Min; llold 3 Hrs: Cool In 45 To 60 Min

'
'
 ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

2.04 Nuclear Properties

Ti
3.0 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
6 AI
3.01 Specified Mrohanlcnl Properties
3.011 Producers guar:mteed tensUe properties of solution 6 v
treated and aged bar and forging stock, Table 3. 011.
2 Sn
TABLE 3.011

Source (1)
Alloy THlAl-6V -2Sn
Form Bar and Forging Stock (STA)
Condition 1550F, to 1650F, 1 llr, WQ + 950 to 1100F, AC

Original Thickness - Inch ~ 1 >1to2 > 2to3 >3to4

!fest Treated Thickness - ln ~ 1 .S1 >1 to 2 ~ 1 >1to >2 to 3 ~ 1 >1 to 2 >2 to 3 >3 to 4

Ftu min- kai 175 175 170 170 165 160 165 160 155 1SO
Fty min- kat
c ( 4D) percent
L
160

8
160

8
1SS

8
160

8
1SS

8
150

8
1SS

8
ISO

8
I 145

8
140

8
T 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
RA percent
L 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
T 15 1S 15 15 15 15 15 IS IS IS

3. 012 Producers guar:mteed tensile properties or annealed

bar, Table 3.012.

TABLE 3.012

Source (1)
Allov Ti-6AI-6V -2Sn
Form Bar
Condition Annealed (Sec Table 1. OS2)
Thickness ~ 21nch >2to4 > 4 to 6

Ftu min- kai 1SO 140 135

F ty min- kai 140 130 125
c (4 D) min pere<Jnt
L 10 8 8
T 8 6 6
RA min percent
L 20 15 1S
T 1S 12 12

3. 013 Producers guaranteed tensile properties or anncnlcd

nndor solution treated and aged extrusion, Table 3..013.
TABI..E 3.013

Source (1)
Alloy_ 'fi-6AI-6V-2Sn
Form Extrusions
Condition (1) Annealed Solution Trent + A~c
Size (2) All ;,(;. 1/2 >1/2 thru 3/4

Flo min- kat !45 170 165

F ty min- kai 13S 160 1S5
c (4 D) min percent 8 6 6
RA min percent 12 12 12
(1) See Table 1. 052
(2) Maximum Inscribed circle diameter
I I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

3,014 Producers guaranteed tensile properties or annealed

Ti solution treated and solution-treated and aged plate,
Table 3. 014.
6 AI
6 v TABLE 3.014

2 Sn Source (1)

Alloy TI-6AHlV -2Sn

Form Plate
Solution
Condition Annealed Solution Treat + Age
Treated

Thickness
> 0.187 >2
Any
>0.187 > 1.5 >2.5
to2ln <41n to 1.& In to 2.5 In to4ln

F tu min- ksl 150 135 150 170 160 150

Fty min- ksl 140 145 130 (1) 160 150 140
e (?.In)%
L 10 8 10 8 6 6
T B 6 10 B 6 6
RA percent
L 20 20 20 15 15 15
T 15 15 15 15 15 15

(1) Guaranteed Maximum

3,015 Producers guaranteed tensile properties or annealed

solution treated and solution-treated and aged sheet,
Table 3, 015.
TABLE 3.015

Source (1)
Alloy TI-6AI-6V -2Sn
Form 0.187 Inch Sheet
Conditlol1{_1) Anneal Solution Treated Sol Treat + A~te

I' tu min- ksl

F t min - ksl
155
145
-
130 (max)
170
160
e cltn) min percent
<0.015 Inch
0. 015 to 0. 020 In
6
B
6
B
--
>0.020 Inch 10 10 -
>0.020
o. 020
Inch
to 0. 032 In
-
-
-- 3
4
>o. 032 to o. 049 In - - 5
>0.049 Inch - - 6

(I) For recommended heat treatments, See Table 1. 052

CODE 3715
~.li
r Ti
l REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

!
3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
3.021 Stress strain diagrams (See Figure 3. 031). Ti
3.0211 Stress strain curve in teuslon for forging (specimens
beat treated), Figure 3, 0211 6 AI
3,0212 Tensile properties in various locations in a forged
section, Table 3, 0212 6 v
TABLE 3.02!2
2 Sn
_Souroe (2)
Alloy THIA1-6V -2Sn
Fortr. 5 x 6 Inch Forged Section
Condition 1600 F, 1 Hr WQ + 1100 F, 4 Hr (Specimens Heat Treated)
Direction Ed~te Mid RadiUR Center
Direction L LT ST L LT ST L LT ST

Ftu - ksl 175 179 178 168 174 174 159 162 164
Fty - ksl 167 170 170 160 165 166 150 150 155
e (1 In) percen 9 10 10 12 10 10 15 13 11
RA percent 24 28 2.8 32 27 34 43 42 40

3.0213 Variation of tensile properties of center section or

test forging wltb heavy ribs and thin webs,
Table 3. 0213.
TABLE 3 0213
Source (3)
Alloy TI-6AI-6V-2Sn
2 3/4 x 4 Inch Center Section Of Test
Form Fort!ln~r With Heavv Ribs & Thin Web
Condition 1650F,2Hr. WQ+llOOF, 4 ilr, AC
Direction L T ST
Ftu - ksl 166-185 174-194 175-192
Fty -
ksl 153-175 161-181 161-181
e(4D)- percent 10-12 6-8 6-10
RA -
percent 20-29 17-25 14-20

3.0214 Effect or solution trented section size and age time on

tensile properties of forging (forged to solution treated
size), Figure 3, 0214
3,0215 Effect or heat treated section size on tensile properties
or specimens removed from center of solution treated
and aged bar sections, Figure 3. 0215.
3,0216 Effect or heat treated section size on tensile properties
o( square sections removed from center of 4 Inch square
press forging, Figure 3, 0216.
3,0217 ECCcct of aging temperature on tensile properties of
specimens cut (rom forging and solution treated at
two temperatures, Figure 3. 0217
3,0218 Tensile properties or forged bar at two Interstitial
levels, Table 3, 0218.
TABLE 3.0218

Source (4)
~y TI-6Al-6V-2Sn
Form 4 Inch !!guare Fo~ed Bnr !Specimens Heat Treated
Composition
0.11 02, o. 025C o. 75Fe 0,16 02, 0. 023C, 0. 73Fe

!GOOF ,Hir AC !GOOF ,lHr WQ 1600F, 1Hr AC 1650F ,lHr WQ

Heat Treatment 1450F, 211r FC +HOOF 8Hr AC + 1350F 211r AC 1450F, 2Hr FC +UOOF 8IIr AC + 1350F 2llr AC
Direction (1) L T L T L T L T L T L T

Ftu- ksl 147 143

147 141 142 151 150 150 150 150 152 153
Fty- ksl 137 135
136 133 130 138 140 142 139 141 141 142
e ( lln) 20 20
20 14 18 14 20 16 19 14 17 17
RA percent 34 41
33 36 29 23 38 32 34 24 33 26
IE Charpy V
Ct - lbs
18
I 22
12

(1) Specimens removed from center of forging

15 29 19 12 10 14 9 15 11
Ti REVISED MARCH 1968
NONF ERRO US ALLOYS

3.0219 Effect of elevated tempnatur e exposure on tensile

Ti properties of snnesle<i and solution tTeated and aged
bar, Table 3.0219.
TABLE 3.0219
6 AI
6 v !<nn'""A
Ill
2 Sn Ti-6!\l-6V- 2Sn
Allov
Form Bar
_Condition Annealed 1650 F 1/2 Hr WQ+ 1050 F 1 Hr AC
700 F 800 F 600 F 700 F 800 F
600 F None
...
140 to 150 HQur Illone
88 ksi 40 ksi 15 ksi 125 ksl 65 ksi 45 ksi

Total Creep
Deformatio n %
--- 0.45 0.32 0.30 --- 0,75 0.48 0.76

193 183 187 194 200 194

Ftu ksl 161 193
168 175 182 192 184 181
Fty ksi 153 161
11 12 11 9 8 6
e(1 in) percent 17 14
32 23 30 31 24 15 10
RA percent 51

3,02711 Notch stTength of forging at vartous locations, Table

3.02711.
TABLE 3.02711
3.02110 Effect of 150 hour exposure to stress and elevated
(2)
temperatur e on tensile properties of forged bar, Source
Table 3. 02110. Allov TI-6Al-6V -2Sn
TABLE 3.02110 Form 5 x 6 Inch Forged Section
1600F, 1 Hr WQ .j. llOOF, 4 Hr
(1) Condition (Specimens Hoat Treated)
Source
Alloy Ti -6Al-6V -2Sn
Location Ed2e 1 Mid RadiUR lc.,nler
Form 1 inch Forged Bar Direction L I LT I STI LT 1 ST I L
Condition
150 Hour Creep
EXPOSUre
1650 F, 1/2 llr, WQ + 1050 F, 1 Hr

None 750 F
65 ksi
800 F
55 ksi
sao F
55 ksi
Ftu- ksl (1)
N.S. I Ftu I 183
0.96
1180 190
0.95 1 0.97
I I I176
0.99
178
0.96
185
1.07

Plnstlc Creep
--- 0. 72 1.0 3.63
A_6o j...

~~7
Deformatio n Percent
(1) Notch Strength
- ksl 194 196 205 202 bKt=3.9
Ftu
- ksi 185 185 195 191
Fty
e (4D) percent 9 8.5 7 8
percent 39 37 21 24 Notch Radius 0. QOS Inch
RA a

3. 02712 Effect of aging temperatur e on strength of double edge

crack sheet specimens, Figure 3, 02712.

3. 02713 Effect of notch diameter on sharp notch properties of

3.02111 Effect of thickness on tensile properties of solution annesled billet, Figure 3. 02713.
treated and aged plate, Figure 3.02111. 3. 02714 Effect of solution treating and agfng temP"ratur es on
3,02112 Effect of solutton treating and aging temperatur e on tho sharp notch tenslle properties of plate, Figure
the tensllo propertieP of "late, Figure 3, 02112. 3.02714.
3.02113 Effect of aging and sol I' 'n renting temperatur e on tho 3.02715 Effect of surface cracks on the strP.Dgth of solution
tensllo properties of pL.. igure 3. 02113. treated and aged shoot, Figure 3, 02715.
3.02114 Effect of aging temperatur " on the tenslle properties of 3. 0272 Fracture toughness ( soe 3. 0372)
sheet, Figure 3, 02114. 3, 02721 Effect o( aging temperatur e on the plnne strain fracture
3,02115 Effect of aging time on tenslle properties of sheet, toughness of plate, Figure 3, 02721.
Figure 3. 02ll5.
Effect of aging temperatur e on tenslle properties of 3. 028 Combined properties.
3.02116
sbeot, Figure 3. 02116,
3. 03 Mechanical Properties at Vartous Temperatu res
3. 031 Elevated temperatur e tension strain curve for aged
3.022 Compressio n (see 3. 032)
bar, Figure 3. 03t,
3.0221 Stress atTain dlagrp:ns.
3,0311 Elevated temperatur e tension stress atTain curve for
3.023 Impact (seo 3. 033)
annealed shoot, Figure 3, 0311.
3.0231 Effect of beat tTe&<ed section size on Impact strength
3. 0312 Effect of test temperatur e and specimen location on
of specimens removed from center of solution trented
tensUo properties of forgings at two fnterstitlsl levels,
and aged bar sections, Figure 3.0231.
( speclmenl! heat-trente d), Figure 3, 0312.
3. 0313 Effect of test temperatur e on the tensile properties of
3.024 Bonding.
forpng, Figure 3, 0313.
3.025 Torsion and shear, (see 3. 0325)
3, 0314 Effect of test temperatur e on the tensile properties of
3,028 Beartng, (see 3. 0326)
low lnterstlt!sl forging, (forging, boat-treate d),
3.027 Stress concentTatt on.
Figure 3,0314.
3,0271 Notch properties, (see 3. 0371)
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
........
u.
3.0315 Effect or low test temperatures on tens11e properties or 3.0371 Notch properties, (see 3. 0372)
annealed rutd aged bar, Figure 3.0315. 3.03711 Effect of test temperature on strength o! center Ti
Effect of low test temperatures on tens1le properties of cracked specimens or two thlclmesses cut from
3.0316
forging (specimens heat-treated), Figure 3.03711. 6 AI
low l:nteutltlal plate, Figure 3. 0316.
Effect of test temperature on strength of fatigue
3. 0317 Effect O[ test temperature on tens1le properties o[
annealed extrusion, Figure 3.0317.
3.03712
cracked notch rounds from annealed forgings 6 v
3.0318 Effect of thlclmess on the tensile properties o solution (specimens re-annealed), Figure 3. 03712. 2 Sn
treated and aged plate at 600 F, Figure 3. 0318. 3.03713 Effect of tell'' temperature on strength of fatigue
3.0319 Effect o! test temperature on tensile properties of cracked not~h rounds cut from forging, (specimens
sheet, Figure 3. 0319. solution trrJnteC: and aged), Figure 3. 03713.
3.03714 Strength of fatigue crncl:ed notch rounds cut from two
3.032 Compression locations In a solution treated and aged f<>rging,
3. 0321 Effect or temperature on compressive yield strength Table 3. 03714.
T~LE 3.03714
or annealed forgings, Figure 3. 0321.
3,0322 Effect or test temperature and specimen location on
compressive yield strength of solution treated and Source
(2)
aged forging (specimens heat-treated), Figure 3. 0322. TI-6Al-6V -ZSn
Alloy
3.033 Impact Form 5 x 6 Inch Forged Section
3.0331 Effect or temperature on impact strength or aged bar, 1600 F, 1 Hr WQ + 1100 F, 4 Hr (3)
Figure 3. 0331. Condition
Forging A 111 I F~rglng B <1> I Forging C < >
2
3.0332 Effect or test temperature on impact strength o! Forging
annealed extrusion, Figure 3. 0332. Location Edk~ I Center I Ed~>:e lcentor I Ed~e

3.0333 Effect o! law test temperature on impact streur.th of Temp- F -110 .J_ RT I RT I RT I -uol RT
annealed lind solution treated and aged low Interstitial
plate, Figure 3, 0333, 19i 175 170 155 200 160

I I~Go;..'1 I
Fty - ksl
i. N.S. I FLy 0.51 1 o. 71 0.47 0.11 0.53 0.46
3.034 Bending
(1) 0.1602. 0. GG Fe

+t l
3.035 Torsion and shear. (2) 0. 1002, 1. 0 Fe

~
3.0351 Shear ultimate strength at room and elevated temper- (3) Specimens Heat Treated
ature for several forms and conditions of alloy,
Table 3. 0351
TABLE 3.0351
Fatigue Cracked Notch Round
Alloy TI-6Al-6V-2Sn
Source (2) (1) 3.03715 Ef!ecl of low test temperatures on sharp notch strength
Form or wmealed and solution treated and or aged bar.
5 X 6 In Plate Sheet Figure 3.03715.
Forging
3.03716 Effect of low test temperatures on sharp notch strength
Condition 1600F, 1 Hr. Anneal lGOOF, Aam1.ml 3ol 'l'rL.:ai. of low Interstitial plate, Figure 3. 03716.
WQ + 11001' 1350 F 1 Hr,WQ Age
3.0372 Fracture toughness.
4 Hr. (1) +1100F, General. Tho fracture toughness data reported is
3.03721
4 llr dorlvcd from tests which conform to the essential
Temperature RT 550F RT RT ItT ItT features o! the latest ASTM rocommended practice for
plane strain fracture toughness testing. On t.hc basis
97 111 103 110 u[ data available thus far It appears that the et"DCk
Fsu 105 85
propagation resistance under plane strain c~ndittons
ns Indicated by (K1c/CS" ya)2 is primarily a function
(J) Specimen~ Heat Treated
...;...:.. of the yield strength and tho form o! the product (see
Figure 3. 03724). High strength conditions whether
3.0~52. E!fO'Jt o! test temperature on double shear strength o! produced by low test temperatures or heal treatment
annunled QlClruston, Figure 3.0352. nrc very crack sensitive, although no more so than
lor other alloys o! equal strength to density ratios.
3,036 Bcartng. Information obtained from one heat of low Interstitial
3.0361 Bcarlnt; strc11gth nt room and elevated temperature lor material ( sec Figure 3, 03724) , Indicated forgings to
sevcrl form and conditions or alloy, Table 3. 0361. be superior 1o plate (at the same strength level) in
TABLE 3.0361 terms or crack propagation reslotnnce under plane strain
,.. conditions. The plano strain .:oughness does not appear
!' Allor THlAl-6V-2Sn to be greatly influenced 1\y crack propagation dlrection
(2) (l) In plate or forgings (sea F~:i."C 3, 03723), however,
Source
Sheet no tests have been made In :~;:.' "h,)rt transverse
5 x 6 In Forgtng Plnte
Form dtrocllon In plate. The emb<)'''"'g Influence or
!GOOF, 1 Hr WQ Anneal Sol Trcn Anneal So!Tren lntcrstitlals should be noted In '.his alloy as In other
Condition + UOOF, 4 Hr +Ago +Age titanium alloys. In order to determine the Influence
RT RT ItT RT of lntcrslltlals It Is necessary to compare "t.herwlse
Temporatur RT ls5o F
slmtlar products (i.e same form, degree.,! hot work
and content o! beta stabtu:i.crs). Unfortunately, oaly

I I I I I I I
300 287 326 299 326 a very small amount of toughness data meets lhsc
Fbru(1) ksl 370
262 239 262 requirements. The Information shown In Figure
338 243 229
Fbry - kst 3, 03724 Indicates low Interstitial plate 1& somewhat
(1) c/D a 2 superior to normal interstitial material, however tho
reduction In Interstitial content represented by these
3,0362 Effect o! test temperature on bearing strength u data Willi by no means sufficient to overcome the low
annenlcd extrusion, Figure 3. 0362. toughneas cbarncterlzlng the high strength level
conditions o! thls alloy. Considerably more lnfor
3.037 Stresa concentration mallon Is necessary to dc!lne the tnnueDCe or
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

1nterstlt1ala particularly at the lower strength levels

Ti and for thinner secUons. Very UUle data Is
available to define the crack propagation resistance In
6 AI th1n secUons. As might be expected the crack
etrength of sheet decreases with decreasing aging
6 v temperature and Is very low In the fully aged condition.
(see Figure 3.02712).
2 Sn 3. 0372~ Effect of test tempsrature on strength of double edge
crack specimens and plane strain fracture toughness
of low lntemtltlal forging, Figure 3. 03722
3.03723 Effect cf speclmer. orisntaUon on the -110 F plane
strain fracture toughness of low Interstitial forging,
Figure 3. 03723
3.03724 Effect or speclmsn orisntaUon on the -110 F olane
strain fracture toughness or plate, Table 3. 03724

TABLE 3.03724

Source (15)
Alloy TI-6AI-GV-2Sn
Form 1/2 Inch Plate 1 1/2 Inch Plate

Condition (3) 1350F, Bllr ,FC 1650F, 11Ir,WQ 1350F, Bllr, FC

to HOOF, AC + 1050F, 4 Hr to HOOF, AC

Fty - ksl 186 208 171

Dlre<:tlon (2) RW WR RW WR RW WR
K1cat -HO F
Ksl - tln (11 33 34 34 27 39 38

(1) For specimen see Figure 3. 03722

(2) For directions see Figure 3.03723
(3) Plate Heat Treated

3. 03725 Effect of strength level on the plane strain fracture

toughness of various forms and conditions or alloy,
Figure 3.03725

3. 038 Combined properties.

3. 04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties

3.041 Creep strength for annealed extrusion, Table 3.041.

TABLE 3.041
~ ........ (14)
Alloy Ti~Al-6V-2Sn

Form Extrusion (Soc Figure 3. 056)

Condition 1300F, 40 to 60 Minute AC
Temp-F GOOF (Ftv= 95 ksl) BOO F (F tv 90 ksl)
Total Creep 0.5 1 2 2
Strain%
Time-Houn 1oo 1 500 100 1 soo 1oo 1 500 1

Stressksl 116 I 112 I 119 I 116 I 122 I 119 I 98

l~.
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.05 Fatigue Properties

3.051 Smooth and notch fatigue strength of solution treated Ti
and aged forging at room and elevnted temperature,
Table 3. 051. 6 AI
TABLE 3,051
6 v
(2)
2 Sn
ISnn..,..,
AllC1Y_ 'l'HlAl-GV-2qn

Form 5 x 6 Inch Forged Section

!GOOF, 1 HR, \VQ + llOOF, 4 IIR
Condition
(Specimens Heat Treated)

Stress Stress orglng Temp Fatigue Strength

Method Ratio Cone. F ksl at Cycles

A n 10'1 105 106 107

Axial 0.82 0,1
Lond Smooth HT 155 130 108
Kt=1 A(1)
550 120 105 93 80

nl21 nT 155 130 105 90

Notched A HT 78 42 30 :!5
Kt=
3.9 n I!T 78 45 35 :!5

(1) 0.16 02, 0, GGFe

(2) 0.1002, 1. o Fe

3.052 Strain cycling rnsults for annealed bar at room and

clc\'atcd temperature, Figure 3. 052
3.053 Smooth ;u1d notch fallh'lle strength of annealed bar,
Tahlc a. 05:1,
TADU: 3.053

Source (18)
AllQ} Tl-6AJ-GV-2Sn
Form I Inch IJlamctcr liar
Condition Specltmn \"acuum Anncnlc.c.f1300 F, 2 Hr. I'C
~tress nltguc ::.trenb'ln -
Strc~R 'I'C'mp Cone. ksl nl Cycles
Halla F Kt
A ll 105 JOG 107

Axial
Loud 0 -I HT
l'tu --
160 ksi a.l 27 21 20
F -
1JK ~~ 5.7
I
I 19 12 II
HA =
351} 10 20 10 -
GOO
~'tu ~
127 ksl 3,4 21 20 19
~'ty ~
101 :.sl 5. 7 IG 11 10
Ho\ :-:
.jlj~. !.0 - 10 9

"60/.

~
Notch l\adlus 0.001,0,005 & 0,015 Inch
Ti
NONFERR OUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

3.054 Smooth and notch fatigue strength of solution treated 4. 01 Formablllt,l. ( See 6Al-4V )
Ti and aged extrusion, Tllble 3, 054

6 AI TABLE 3.054
4.011 Cold forming. Cold working operations are difficult
6 v ~rce (1)
because of the high loads required and the large
Allov TI-6Al-6V -2Sn amount of sprlngback.
2 Sn T Extrusion Annealed material may be formed at temperatures up
Form
to 1500 F, however, above 1100 F, surface oxidation
Condition 1550F, WQ, + 1050F, 4 Hr, AC and Interstitial contamination arc a problem and parts
will require surface removal by machining or etching.
Hot sizing may be used to creep form parts In metal
Stress Dlrec- Stress Fatigue Strength
Method dies at temperatures between 1000 F and 1300 F for
Ratio tion Cone, Ksl at Cycles times between 5 and 30 minutes when using this process
A R 10 5 106 107 attention should be paid to the posslblllty of Interstitial
contamination. Hot 11izlng of solution treated parts may
Kt=1 be combined Wlth aging, Aging will start at temper-
Axial p.8l 0.1 L Smooth 105 95 90 atures above 500 F.
Load
Kt=3.3 45 30 29 4, 02 Machining and Grinding ( See reference 1 and 22 )

3,055 Stress range diagram at 400 F and 600 F for smooth 4,03 Welding
and notched specimens from annealed extrusion. 4.031 <1encra1. The beta stablllmtlon of this alloy Is
Figure 3. 055. sufficient that transformation hardening will occur
Stress range diagrams at room temperature for smooth during cooling of the wcldments and consequently tho
3.056
and notched specimens from annealed extrusion. ductility and fracture toughness will be considerably
lower than the parent metal. Solutton treating and
Figure 3. 056.
3,057 i:imooth and notch fatigue strength of annealed and of aging of wcldmcnts leads to very brittle conditions and
solution tr'.!ated and age<i vl::.tG, Table 3. 057 Is not recommended. Inert gas protection during
welding Is ab~?lutely essential and P.lthcr the TIG or
MIG processes may be used. Flllcr metal should be
TABLE 3,057 alpha ( e.g, Ti-75A ) in order to dilute the beta
stabilizing cl.,mcnts from the parent metal. A postweld
Sourc" (19) heat treatment of 1350 F, 4 hours Is recommended,
Alloy Tl-6 <\I -!W -2Sn (sec Figure 4,032 ) In order to improve the ductility
and toughness. Typical weld tensile properties are
Fn,.m Plate (center)
gl vcn In Table 1. 033 for MIG welded sheet with a
Stress Fatigue Strength Ti-75A filler. Postwcld treatments up to 1450 F, did
Method Thickness Condition Dlrec Cone. ksi at Cycles not appear t.> significantly improve the elongation over
tlon Kt that for the <LS -welded condition. The extremely low
105 10 6 107 toughness of TIG welds In sheet Is illustrated In Table
Axial 11/4 In, 1350 F, 4. 034 for various filler wires. A pure Tl filler and n
Load 0.1~ 02 8 H:-., L&T
1 - 110 86 1200 F, postwcld treatment gave the highest crack
3.5 35 28 26
AC strength. For these conditions the weld center had
higher toughness than the parent metal. However,
the weld edge was still considerably lower In crack
A=0,82 linch L&T 1 - 115 90 strength than the parent metal. There seems to be no
0,1102 3,5 40 45 :so question that welding of this alloy should not be
attempted without careful attention to the low
toughness of the welds, This will in general require on

R= 0.1 1 1/4 ln. 1550 F,

L
T
1
1
- 133
120
105
95
experimental program tailored spoolflcnlly to the
nppllcntlon.
o.l8 o 2 1 Hr., L 3,5 40 32 28 4.032 Effect of postwcld bent treatment on tensile properties
WQ + T 3,5 30 28 25 of fusion welds, Figure 4.032.
1200 F, 4,033 Effect of postwcld bent treatment on tensile properties
4 llr, of wolds, Table 4. 033.
linch
0.1102 L&T 1 - -43 liS
3.5 50 40
21nch 1625 F,
0.1802 1 Hr. WQ
+1050 F,
L&T 1
3.5
-
30
-
2a
95
25
TABLE 4.033

Source (1)
411r.
Alloy Tl-6Al-6V -2Sn
3,06 Elastic Properties Form 1/8 Inch Sheet
3,061 Poisson's ratio. Condition 1/8 Inch Sheet MIG Weld
3.062 Modulus of elasticity at room and elevated temperatures,

3,063
Figure 3. 062
Modulus of rigidity.
Postwcld
Treatment None
I 1350 F,
4 llr, AC
I 1450 F,
4 Hr, AC

4. FABIUCATION Ftu - kst 166 149 146

Fty - ksl 153 141 133
4.0 General. Reference should be made to the "Aircraft
Designer's Handbook for Titanium and Titanium Alloys",
(22) for general information on fabrication.
c ( 1 In ) pcfCe"t
I 3
I 4
I 4
 Ti
REVISE DMAR CH 1968 NONF ERRO US ALLOYS

4. 034 Crack strength of TIG welded sheet using several r!llar Ti

wires, Table 4. 034.
6 AI
TABLE 4.034 6 v
(8) 2 Sn
!Sou me
nn .. TI-ll-6V-2Sn
Fe)
Form 0.1lnchS heet(0.1 402,0.01 4 N2, 0,004 Hz,0.02C , 0.91
1625 F, 1/2 llr, WQ +Weld+
1625 F, 1/2 Hr + 1625 F, 1/21lr. WQ +
1200 F, 2Hr, A~
Condition 1200 F, 2 Hr AC 1200 F, 2 llr, AC +Weld
/!II Not Welded 6Al-6V-2 Sn T GAL-4V GA1-6V-2 Sn I 6Al-4V I Tl-55A
il:'nlftlli lft
c I E T c I E c I E I c I E I c I E
Welrl 1 ""'nt!or. 1

I I I I I
188
Fty -ksl (2)
Notch (4)
Strength - ksl
172
63
192
30
191
28
174
39
185
35
1921
27
191
28
1189
2~
1182
35 I 1591
so 43

(1) Location C- Weld Center E - Weld Edgo

(2) Wold yield strength estimated from Hardness tests
{3) Filler 6 Al-GV- 2Sn cut from parent sheet
0.11 Fe)
Flller Ti-55A (O.Il0z,0 .009 N2, 0.007 liz, 0.0.03 C,
(4) Center crack specimen W = 3 Inch, 2 a 0 = lin

4.05 Surface Treatmen t

Sec TI-GAl-tV and reference 22.

1.1
Tl-6 Al-tiV -2Sn 2000
Ti-liAI-tiV -2Sn
1. 0
1800
I
j3-QUEN CII - f-

Cl
1-}3 v
... v v
"'...:
!-< !GOO

~
Cl - 0.9 /v
15 ~
J.100
v
N
u;"' s I/ cx+j3
\( !-<...: o.s I'""
>-
E-o ~ 1000 1 - j3-ct:+ j3 ~
.~' ~ ~

0.7
THIAI-t V BAH 1650F, 1 llR WQ + 900F, 6 IIR
0 STEP FORGE 1600F, 1 HR WQ + 1050F, 4 HR, ~1--
FIGURE 3. 0215 Ms
eE-o \1 PLATE !GOOF, lliR WQ+ llOOF, 41!R
800
("- j3+o<.~oc+J3
~ FIGURE 3.02ll2 -..;,._1
Cl FORGCNG 1G50F, 1 IIH WQ + l050F, 4 IIR GOO
FJGUHE 3.0217 j3+ct:
6 BAR 1600F, 2 IIR WQ + USOF, 3HR
400
FIGURE 3.0216 10 100 1000 10000
0.1
TIME, MINUTES
2 3 4 5 6
N DIAGRAM
0 FIG. 2.0121 TIME TEMPER ATURE TRANSFORMATIO
HEAT THEATE D SECTION SIZE, INC II t"OR ALLOY QUENCHED FROM ABOVE j3TRANS US
(1)
FIG. 1.095 IIARDENABILITY OF VAIUOUS FORMS OF ALLOY
Ti
NONF ERRO US ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

9 180
Ti Ti~Al~V-2Sn Tl~Al~V-2Sn
BAR ELECTRIC AL RESISTMT Y
6 AI 1300F, 2 HOUR AC =
0
j:S170
v
v-::v--
8
6
~
2 Sn
r=;-
f-t
~
7 / g
~160
/"
/ ----- --- ---
.,.
1650F, 1 HR, WQ
a
f1J
Ill
e. 6 / 150
/
/

---
+1050F, 4 HR, AC
1300F, 2 HR, AC

Ill
r.:l

""
f-t
~

~ 5
/v 0

FIG. 2.0221
200 400 600
TEMP-F

ELECTRIC AL RESISTIVITY
800

(1)
1000

11:1 v
4
/
/ THERMAL CONDUCT nnTY

3
/
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMP-F
FIG, 2, 013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY (1)

110 I
Tl ~AI ~v -2Sn
7 FORGINGS, EXTRUSION PLATE
Tl~Al~V-2Sn 1575 to 1625F, WQ or AC + HOOF to l400F, AC
ANNEAL
100 AND ANNEAL 1300F, 2 HR, AC -
6 - MEANCOE F IJNEAR
6 0.875 DIAMETER EXTRUSION

i
'I'
....
0
5
THERMAL EXPANSION

l
T I
l.
90

\
0
e

0,62 x 1.62INCH FORGING (L)
2 x 2.5 INCH FORGING (T)
1 INCH PLATE (REF. 20)
Krscc
FROMRTT O
TEMP INDICATED
80
~
-
4
0 200 400
TEMP-F
600 800 1000 70 1\ I I
l; I I
FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION (1)
I

\ CRACKED NOTCH BEND

\6~ o\c
~GO 0 SPECIMENS EXPOSED
TO 3.5\I)NaCI
:s..
=50
~ 0\

0.20r---------......, 40 1\e:.
\.
rt
~
Ti~Al~V-2Sn

30
\
SPECIFIC HEAT
20
100 120 140 160 180
~ 200 220
FTY -KSI
400 800 1200 FIG. 2.034 EFFECT OF YIELD STRENGTH LEVEL ON DELAYED
TEMP-F FAILURE CRARACTE RISTICS IN SALT WATER
FIG. 2,015 SPECIFIC HEAT (1) (20,21)

CODE 3715
 Ti
REVISEDM ARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

240
Ti
T1~Al-6V-2Sn
5 x 6 INCH FORGED SECTION 6 AI
1600F, 1 HR, WQ+ llOOF, 4 HR

200
6 v
2 Sn
-
v-
/

v
160

~120

1/
80

v
/
v
40

0
0 .004 ,008 .012 .016 .020
STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG. 3,0211 STRESS- STRAIN CURVE IN TENSION FOR FORGING
(SPECIMENS HEAT TREATED) (2)

240
T1~Al-6V-2Sn
240
TI-6Al~V-2Sn
;---, 280

STEP SECTION FORGING 6 IN DIAMETER BAR L

1600F, 1 HR, WQ+ 1050F, AGE 1600F, 2 I!R, WQ + 1150F, 3 HR
240 200 240

12
160
1\

- FTU
t--- 200~ I

160 }120
..::..
- FTY
160
~~

AGE TIME, HOUR 120 CUT FROM CENTER OF 6 INCH 120

!::,
60

6
DIAMETER AND HEAT TREATED
FORGED TO SIZE FROM 6 IN DlA
0 AND HEAT TREATED (1600F, FORGE)
40

~~
.)
1-<
z
w
!;;
~ 20~~=!~==~==~~==~ &!
--'--==-1 ;:---- - - - 4
~ 20
4tr ---'1 p~-~
~
Po ~-
Po

0 1 2 3 4
SOWTION TREATED TIDCKNESS. INCH
0
0
--- 1 2
e(2 IN)

3 4
HEAT TREATED SECTION SIZE, INCH
5 6

FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TREATED SECTION
SIZE AND AGE TIME ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF FORGING (FORGED TO
SOWTION TREATED SIZE) (4)
FIG. 3.0215 EFFECl' OF HEAT TREATED SECTION SIZE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SPECIMENS REMOVED FROM CENTER
OF SOWTION TREATED AND AGED BAR SECTIONS
(5)
Ti.
NONf:ERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

i
\.._
280r-------r-------,-------.
240 Ti-6Al-6V-2SD
Ti Ti -6Al-6V-2Sn 5 x 6 INCH FORGED SECTION
4 INCH PRESS FORGE SQUARE ST, 1 HR WQ+ AGE 4 HR
6 AI 1650F, 1 HR, WQ + 1050F, 4 HR, AC 240~------T--------r----~T~-f280
200 240
6 v SOWTION TEMPERATURE
1550 F
2 .. Sn FTU
o
165o F
~ 2001---~m--
16

~ ~
I
... 160!-------1----':;...;;:,-
--:~:::::::.....-:::...--; 160 ~
...

c(4D)
OL------~-------L------~ 1100 1200 1300
4 3 2
AGE TEMP-"'
HEAT TREATED SQUARE SIZE, INCH
FIG. 3.0217 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERATURE ON
FIG. 3.0216 EFFECT OF HEAT TREATED SECTION SIZE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SPECIMENS
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SQUARE CUT FROM FORGING AND SOWTION \
'-
SECTIONS REMOVED FROM CENTER OF TREATED AT TWO TEMPERATURES
4 INCH SQUARE PRESS FORGING (2)
(1)

260
Ti-6AI-6V-2Sn
PLATE
1550 F
220 260

~
I 180 220 fi
[:!
...
140 180
...~

0
40 140

z1'!-<<1
f;l
1'<1 20
"'
e(11N)
0
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6
TIIJCKNESS, INCH

FIG. 3.02111 EFFECT OF THICKNESS ON THE TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF SOLllTION TREATED AND
AGED PLATE
(1) .,
~
"'

r
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

260~------------------------, 260r----------------
Ti-6Al-6V -2& Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn Ti
liNCH PLATE 0,1 INCH SHEET
ST, liiR, WQ + 411R, AGE 1625F, 30MINUTE, WQ+AGE, AO:. 6 AI
220 260
6 v
2 Sn
~ 180
'
~
"" 140 ~
180""

0
HO t
f,l
10 140

~
f,l
c(21N)
"' 0
1000 1050 1100 1150 1200
211R 411R 2HR
AGING TEMP-F
0~----L-----~----~----~
'
1550 1600 1650 1700 FIG. 3.02114 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERATURE ON
1500
SOWTION TEMP-F TilE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET
(8)
FIG. 3.02112 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TREATING
AND AGING TEMPERATURES ON
TilE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
PLATE (6)

260
TI-6Al-6V -2Sn
1 INCII PLATE
[:. SOWTION TREAT, 111R
t 260 260
"ji
~:
220 WQ+AGE4 HR

FTIJ
TI-6AI -6V -ZSn
0.060 INC II SHEET
~- 1625F, 1/4 IIR, WQ + 1050F
~ 180 -...
~-
220!:! 220 260
ey ~
.. ~ ""i-1-- ~
"" ~ i:!

140 180"" ~ 180
_c .. 220

40 .
L

140 140
-~.
T
-i

0
-,
'"II-
- ~
'V-

~
f,l
g ~
I 140

-
~ c(2 IN) .r.,.
"' y
c (1 IN)
1150
0
950 1000 1050 1100 0.1 0.5 1.0 5.0 10.0
AGE TEMP-F AGE TIMEIIOUR
FIG. 3. 02113 EFFECT OF AGING AND SOWTION
FIG. 3.02115 E"FECT OF AGING TIME ON TENSILE
TREATING TEMPERATURE ON THE PROPERTIES OF SHEET
TENSILE PHOPERTIES OF PLATE (I)
(7)
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

Ti
280
T1-6A1-6V -2Sn
----
0.125 INCH SHEE'l.' L
6 AI 1550F, WQ + 4 HOUR AGE IN ARGON
240
6 v ~ ~
240

2 Sn r--.__
200 - FTU 200
~
....... --~11;1.
c* --...... r-..- __!, ~~ ~
J!1oo 160 I
---~ ~
~~-~y "'
120 120
~

80 80

20 --- - ---- r------

...z
tol
g
e(2IN)

,.,L_
/
....----- ~
10
tol

"' h
0
700
- 800
---- 9 00 1000
AGE TEMP-I'
1100 1200 1:100

FIG. 3.02116 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPin!ATU!IE ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF SHEET
,.. (9) '..............
l-
''
l
l!'
280
I
TI-6A1-6V -2Sn
0.125 INCH SHEET
I I. 220
I I
f-(0.1602. 0.025N2, 0.00711), 0,02GC, 0,72Fc)
240 TI-GAI-GV-2Sn
1550F, 1/2 IIR, WQ +AGE 4 IIR r; INC II TliA~IIlTER BAH
180 - 16001', 11111 \\'(( r 11501', 3 IIR

200 v .......
r---... r

~~'--....... 1'TY HO
---........_ ;;; - F'fy
:.::
r--
---
160
A6lA
-.. .. _, __ -----.
:---

-IIXJ
100
~
120 e CUT FROM CENTEH OF 6 INCH

/ 80
20
DIA~H:TER AND II EAT T!IEATED

-
- ./ D. ~'ORGED TO SIZE FHOI\1 6 INC II

v
80 DOUBLE EDGE CRACK DIA AND liT (IGOOF. FORGE)
lXI
..J
~

./
CRACK
... ~~ I ...J I 41
40
..___ ~-
~
~
"' 10

0
IE CllARPY V

0 3 1 6
0 HEAT TREATED SECTION SIZE
700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
AGE TEMP-F FIG. 3.0231 EFFECT OF HEAT TREATED SECTION SIZE ON
IMPACT STRENGTII OF SPECIMENS llEMOVEIJ
FIG. 3.02712 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERATURE ON STRENGTJJ FROM CENTER OF SOLUTION TREATED AND
OF DOUBLE EDGE CRACK SHEET SPECIMENS AGED BAH SECTIONS
(9) (5)

,.i;
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

-----.
300r-------~------~------~--
-----, 220r------r----~------r-----.-----~
TI-6AI-6V- 2Sn
Ti
Tl-6Al-6V -2Sn
4 1/2 INCH DIAMETER BILLET 0.100 INCH SHEET AI
6
ANNEALED FTY 140 KSI = 1625F, 1/4 HR, WQ + 1150F, 4 HR
260~------4-------~--------+-------
~ 180~-----r-----+------t-----~-----+----~ 6 v
2 Sn

CRACK STRENGTH

NOTCH RADIUS= 0.001 INCH

FTY KSI
GO L 185
0 T 179

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

DIAMETER fD) INCH

FIG. 3,02713 EFFECT OF NOTCH DlA!IIETER ON TilE

SHARP NOTCH PROPERTI ES OF ANNEALED 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12
BILLET
(13) a/I/J2
FIG. 3. 02715 EFFECT OF SURFACE CRACKS ON STRENGTH OF
SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED SHEET
(17)

240 ~T~l-6~A~I-6~V~-2~S~n----------r-----~

liNCH PLATE
SOLUTION TREAT liiR,
200 ~W-Q~+__A_G~E_3_J_JR__~------~----~

u; lGO 240r-----~----~------~-----.

~ Tl-GA1-6V -2Sn
L T AGE 1 INCH PLATE O.IG02, 0.025N2

120
0
6
1000 F
1100 F
0,007112, 0,026C, 0.72Fc
200 1550F, 1/2 IIR WQ + AGE 4 IIR
Notch

\GOO/. llW DlllECTJON

~ t=O.OG5IN CII

~OOliNCil
HEAT TREAT BEFORJ:: NOTCIIING ([t r-; ]) SO
I IN TIIICK FATIGI;E CRACK
BEND, ASTM K 1cR.P.

~ 0,21.'-----1. .--....I. ...--.J.. ..---1

1500 1550 !GOO IG50 1700 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
SOLUTION TEMP-F AGE TEMP-F

FIG. 3.02721 EFFEC' f OF AGE TEMPERA TURE ON PLANE

FIG. 3.02714 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TREATING AND AGING
SIJlAlN FllACTUI!E TOUGIINE SSOF PLATE
TEMPERAT URE ON TilE SIIARP NOTCH
(11)
TENSILE PROPERTI ES OF PLATE (G)

'2."7111;.
Ti REVISED MARCH 1968
NON FERROUS ALLOYS

200
Ti I I I
Tl-6Al-6V -2Sn
6 AI f-- BAR
RT

6 v l600F, 1 JIR WQ +
1050F, 4 HR
J
v 200 F
2 Sn 160

~
!....-- 400 F
~-::-:::"": . .
1-- 600 F
l--
120 . v
1/J
A(f
w
80

--
40 J
~
J
J/ 0 0.002 0.004 O.OOG
STRAIN -IN Pt:lt IN
0.008

FIG. 3.031 ELEVATED TEMPEitATUitE TENSION STitESS-

STitAIN CUitVES FOit AGED BAR zoo
(I) I T T I
THlAHlV -2Sn
---- -- sm:t:T
ANNEAL, 1400F, 4 lilt

ltiO -
/
v- 1- ItT

200 F
-
/,
l?/ 400 F
120
v -

~ ~
600 F

J v/
v 800 t -
~
80
v
J.W/
v
40 A
J ~~
v
0 0.002 0.004
STitAlN -IN J>t;R 1N
0.006 O.OOH

FIG. 3.031.1 EI.t:VATt:D Tt:MJ>t:ItATUitE Tt:NSION STRESS-5TltA1N CUltvES

FOit ANNEA Lt;D Sin:ET
(I)
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

240r-----~------T------r------, 280
T1-6Al-6V -2Sn Ti
5 x 6 FORGED SECTION,
6 AI
240
6 v
2 Sn
200

In
:.:
160 I

r:::
r...
120

80

TI-6AI-6V-2 Sn
c(11N)
i 3 X 9 INC II FORGING SPECIMENS HEAT TREATE
\ "' zoo ( 0.01502. 0.0043Nz, 0.0059112 240
0 200 400 600 &, 0.08C, 0.69 Fe)
TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0312 E~FECT OF TEST TEMPERAT URE AND
SPECIMEN l.DCATION ON TENSILE
PROPERTIE S OF FORGINGS AT TWO
INTERSTITI AL LEVEUI (SPECIMENS
HEAT TREATED) (2)

L ST
80 -- Q ANNEAL 1300F, 211R,AC 80
---A 6 1575F, 111R, WQ+
l200F, 4 IIR, AC

FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERAT URE ON TilE

TENStLE PHOPERTIE S OF FORGING
(12)
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

240

L T
60 -- 0 1350F, 8 HR, FC to llOOF, AC BO

---!::, Al650F, lHR, WQ+ 1050F, 4 HR

40~-----+------+-~R~A~~~~-t~----1

TI-6Al-6V -2Sn
4 1/2 INC II DIAMETER BAR
340 _( 0.1702, 0.007N2,0.45Fc)

OL-----L---~~--~----~----~ MILL ANNEALED

-200 0 200 400 GOO BOO A 1G50F, 1 HR, WQ+
TEMP-F 1050F, 4 IIR, AC
FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA TUllE ON TilE
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF LOW INTER-
STITIAL FORGING, (FORGING HEAT TREATED)
(15)

100

60
60

f-o
z
ti 40
1':

"'c..
20
..-
---
0
-400 -200 0 200 400
TEMP-F

FIG, 3.0315 EFFECT OF IJJW TEST TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED AND AGED BAR
(10)
 Ti
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALUDYS

i
--"'
240
320
Tl-6AI-6V -2Sn
TI-6Al-6V- 2Sn Ti
EXTRUSION (SEE FIGURE 3, 056)
1 INCH PLATE 1300F, 40 TO 60 MINUTES AC 6 AI
(0.0802, 0.018Nz. 0.59Fe) 240
280 320 200
6 v

~
I

}zoo
240
280

2.JO
u;
~
~
I

~
::::>
E-o
160

120
'~"' ~~
~
~
~ P::::::i
~ FTU

j--

~
200

!60
~
i:
"'
2 Sn

200 i: 80 120

~~
160 ~

L ~ 80
120 160 1- Q T

MILL ANNEALED
A 1650F, liiR, WQ+ 120 40
80
1050F, 4 IIR
c(l IN)

HO

-
80

~
...
0
60 -20Q 0 200 400 GOO 800
TEMP-F

\
~ .." .....
E-o
40 _._ .... FIG. 3. 0317 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERAT URI: ON TENSILE
PI\OPERTI ES OF ANNEALED EXTRUSION
(14)
zfol
u
ffi 20 -~
22or------------------------
"' Tl-6Al-6V- 2Sn
PLATE
0 1625 F, WQ + !050 F. 4 IIR, WQ
-400 -200 0 200 100 180
TEMP-F

FIG, 3,0316 EFFECT OF WW TEST TEMPERAT UI\ES ON

TENSILE PROPERTII ::S OF LOW INTEI\-
STITIAL PLATE
(10)
J
r-----~~--.n~----+------i140

c(liN)

0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6

TIIJCKNESS-JNCII

FIG, 3,0318 EFFECT OF TIIICKNESS ON THE TENSILE

PROPERTI ES OF SOLUTION TREATED
AND AGED PLATE AT 600 F ('I)
 ,,

r
.,
)~.
NONF ERRO US ALLO YS REVISED MARCH 1968
~~

f'f'
t 24 0
I't
),. Ti TI-6AI-6 V-2Sn TI-6Al-G V -2Sn
~ 0,120 INC II SHEET 5 x 6 FORGED SECTION
"1, 6 AI !GOOF, 1 lfR WQ +
.:
~
6 v
20Of-
-- 240 200 1-----~- UOOF, 4 Jill

~ 2 Sn
~
I

rt'
:::>

120
160

....
-A ...
""'J
---
-o- FTU
200

160
!:1

120
eEDGE

.. 0 CENTER

80
...(").
v
----
.1550F, 5 MIN WQ +
FTY
120
200
TEMP-F
400 GOO

HOOF, 4 JiltS
20 I- Q 1350F, 1/4 Ill!, AC - FIG. 3. 0322 EFFECT OF TEST TflMPEII ATURE AND
SPECIMt :N LOCATION ON COMPRE SSIVt;
YIEW STHENGTII OF SOLUTION
0
"""' i- TREATE D AND AGED FORGING (SPECIM ENS
IIEAT TREATED) (2)
c(liN)

0
400 500 GOO 700 800
TEMP-F
1G. 3.0319 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPEII ATUIIF: ON
TENSJI.E
PROPEH TIES OF sm;~;T
(16)

'...............

80~~~---------------
--,
Ti-6AI-G V-2Sn
DAH
240r-------------------------~ 1630F, I 1/2 1111, WQ +AGE
----~
TI-6A 1-GV -2Sn
EXTRUSION (SEE FIGUHE 3.056) GO AGE, 41111
1030 I'
130W, 40 to GO MINUTES AC
1200 F

IE CIIARPY V
80>L----~----~-----L----~----_
J
-200 200 100 GOO BOO 400 BOO 1200
TI::MP-F TEMP-t'
FIG. 3.0321 EFFECT OP TEMPER ATURE ON COMPRE SSIVE FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF TEMPER ATURE ON IMPACT
YIEW STR.,NGTII OF ANNEALED FORGINGS
STRENGTH OF AGt:D DAR
(14)
(1)

CODE 3715
 I I

REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\ ,_/' 200
I I
200 Ti
T1-6A l-6V-2 Sn
EXTRUBJON (see Figure 3,058)
Ti-6Al -6V-2Sn
6 AI
EXTRUBJON ( SEE FIGUR E 3. 056)
1300F , 40 to 60 MINUTES AC 160 1- 1300F, 40 to 60 MINUT ES AC
180
...... 6 V'
............... FTY
2 Sn
1'--. f..- 120 ....
-........
120 r--
r--- ~ ._
L

,..,-
0
80 0 T
30
Fsu

--
40
0
~
IECHA RPYV

J"\
- - ld-
0
0 400 600 800

..
200
1

--.... 1--
- -200
TEMP -F
ERATU RE ON DOUBLE
FIG. 3.0352 EFFEC T OF TEST TEMP SION
SHEAR STRENGTH OF ANNEALED EXTRU
200 300 400 (14)
-200 -100 0 100
TEMP -F

RE ON IMPAC T
FIG. 3.0332 EFFEC T OF TEST TEMPERATU
STRENGTH OF ANNEALED EXTRUSION
(14)

---------,
300r----r------
T1-6A l-6V -2Sn
liNCH PLAT E
(0.170 2 ,0.018 N 2 ,0.006 H 2 ,0.015 C
0.59F e)-
2601---4-~-

40 0.. --- --- --- --- --- ,

Ti-6Al -6V-2S n
EXTRUSION ( SEE FIGURE 3.0362 )
1300F, 40 to 60 MINUTES AC
400
L T e/0
A MILL ANNEAL 0 2
B 0 1600F , lHRW Q+ A 1.5 360
100 1050 F, 4 HR
16 c A 1650F ,1HRW Q+
1125 F, 4 HR

200 400 200 400 600

-400 -200
TEMP -F
0 -200 0
TEMP -F
BEARING
FIG. 3.0333 EFFEC T OF JJ)Vl TEST TEMP ERATU RES
ON
FIG. 3.0362 EFFEC T OF TEST TEMP ERATU RE ON
SOLUTION STRENGTH OF ANNEALED EXTRUSION
IMPAC T STRENGTH OF ANNEALED AND
L PLATE (14)
TREAT ED AND AGED UJW INTER STITIA
(5)

eoo~ 3715
T'
.I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH 1968

240r----------------------------------. 240~-----------------------------,

Ti-GA1-GV-2Sn
Ti THIAI-GV -2Sn
3 X 9 INCH FORGING 3 x 9 INCH FORGING
6 AI (0.1so2. ).0043N2. o.oossH2. o.osc, (?.1502, o.oo43N2,o.oossH2. o.osc.o.ss Fe)
200 - - o.69Fe) 1575F, 1 HR, WQ + 1200F, 4 HR
6 v 1300F, 2 HR, AC
1575F, 1 HR, WQ +
2 Sn 1200F, 4 HR

"'GO}..

~
\V n 2a

0 9 In lin l.Sin 401---+
D. 3 U.l9 0.5

-200 0
r
Cl~NTER

200
~v
400
1~7~
FATIGUE CRACK

600 800
-200 0
FATIGUE CRACK!m NOTCII ROUNO
OL------L----~~----~----~~----_.
200 400
TEMP-F

FIG. 3.03713 f:FFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON STRENGTH

OF f'ATIGUE CI\ACKED NOTCII ROUNDS CUT
FROM FORGING (SPECIMENS SOLUTION TREATED
600 800

TEMP-F AND AGED) (12)

FIG. 3,03711 EFFECT OF TEST n:MPFHATUI\E ON STHENGTII
OF CENTER CHACKED SH:CIMENS OF TWO
TlliCKNESSES CUT FHOM FOliOING (SPECIMENS
SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED) (12)

300 ~~T~I~-6-A-.I--G~V~-~2S~n------------,
4 1/2 INCH DIAMETEH BAR
\{0,17202, 0.007N2, 0.45 Fe) L
24~-----------------, 2601--'--
Tl-GAI-GV-2Sn \. - - . ~ULL ANNEAL
3 x 9 INCH FOI\GING
(0.1so 2 , o.o043N 2 , o.oosDu 2 o.osc.
' - - - 0 1650F, 1 fiR, WQ +
1050F, 4 fill
200 0,69 Fe)
1300F, 211R, AC

120

~ 0
D. ST

~
FATIGUE CRACKED NOTCII
ROUND
,.
r.o
E)ID
)... so,<

NOTCII llADIUS =0.001 INCII

0 20~-----~---~-----~--__J
-200 0 200 400 600 800 -100 -200 0 200 400
TEMP-F TEMP-F

FIG. 3.03712 EFFECT OF TEST TEMI'f:ItATUflE ON FIG. 3.03715 f:FFECT OF LOW TF.ST TEMPEIIATURES ON
STRENGTH OF FATIGUE CllACKEO I'OTCII SIIAHP NOTCII STRENGTII 01' AI'NEALED
HOUNDS FROM ANNEAI."I> FOHGINGS AND SOLUTION THEA TED ANI> AGED BAH
(SPf:CIMENS 1\EANNEA I.ED) (12) (10)

CODE: 3715
 II
REVISED .MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\. i

300..---------- -------,
THiAI~V-2Sn
Ti
1 INCH PLATE AI
( 0.08102 ,0.0l8N2. 0.59Fe)
6
260 - - eMILLANNEAL 6 v
- - - 01650F, 1 HR, WQ+
1050F, 4 HR 2 Sn
- - 6 1650F, 1 HR, WQ +
2201-----''+". .:- 1125F, 4 HR

..o\60;(

60
~
NOTCH RADIUS= O.QOl INCH

20~---~---~----~--~
-400 -200 0 200 -100
TEMP-F
FIG, 3,03716 EFFECT OF LOW Tt:ST TI,MPERATURES ON
SHARP NOTCH STRENGTH OF LOW
INTERSTITIAL PLATE (10)

TI-6AI~V-2Sn
( 0.1202, 0.012N2, 0.005H2, 0.025C, 0.65Fe)
280r------------------~
Tl~Al-6V-2Sn 1350 F, 8 HR, f.C. lo llOO F, AC
4 1/2 x 4 1/2 INCH FORGING 0 lfi50 F,1 HR, IV.Q. + 1050 F, 4 Hll
( 0.1202. 0.012N2, O.OOSH2. 0.025C, 0.65Fc)
FORGING HEAT TREATED

T~@.
R.T. fTY FORGINGS

--.
K 1c N01'CII
STRENGTH
.6 1350F, 8 HR, FC

0
140
155
KSI
KSI
II EAT TREATED

TO llOOF, AC
D. !G50F, 1 IIR, AC +
1050F, 4 HR, AC

HT RW WR WT TW TW-15
FTY

-<.D
60
<..lzl.-
TIHCKNESS
1/2 1NCII
80

~ I
u;
~:n
:.:
0

0
~~
4
<D tb
~ tp ~
40:.:
l
-l ; '.Jlf
I
g
DOUBLE EDGE CRACK SPECIMEN .2 :.: ~ TIIIC KNESS
:.:
MID RADIUS RW . - O.~JNCII _
Of-1-
0
oL---~--~---~---~---~
800
-200 0 200 100 GOO EDGE CR-\CK TENSION CEUTEH
TEMP-F LOC.\TION
KIC IW METHOD Of ASTM R. P.
FIG. 3.03722 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPEHATUHE ON
STHENGTH Of DOUBLE EDGE CHACK
SPECIMENS AND PLANE STRAIN FRACTUIIE
TOUGHNESS OF LOW INTEilSTITIAJ. FIG. 3.03723 t:FFECT 01' SPECIMEN OlllENTATION ON THE
FOIIG lNG ( Klc by method of ASTM R. I'.) -110 F PLANE STRAIN t"RACTURE TOUGHNESS
(15) OF LOW INTERSTITIAL FORGING (15)

CODE 3715
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

0.30..------------------------,
Ti THiAl-6V-2Sn
PRODUCT SOWTION TREATED
6 AI RW DIRECTION

6 v 0.25
2 Sn LOW
0 ANNEALED FORGING (FIG. 3.03722)
ST +AGE FORGING (FIG. 3.03722)
INTERSTITIAL
.A, ANNEALED PLATE (TABLE 3.03724)
{ 6. ST +AGE PLATE (TABLE 3.03724)
0.2 0 SOWTION TREAT+ AGE PLATE
(FIG. 3. 02721)

0.15

"'
,........,
t::
r..
0.1
' 5:l
2:__,

OaOG

oL-----~-~~--~---~----~----~----~
140 150 !GO 170 IMO 190 200 210

FIG. 3.03725 INFLUENCE m Yll'LD STRI,NGTll ON PLANE STHAIN CllACK

PHOPAGATION RESISTANCE OJ' Sl'V~:HAL I'OH~IS AND
CONDITIONS \...,,,.,...

50
,,
THiAI-6V-2Sn
I INCH DIAMf:TEH BAH
SPECIMENS VACUUM ANNI:AL
1300F, 2 liOUR, FC

.. -
0

~ ... TEMPERATUH E-f' MEAN STRAIN, %

.nT 0
-
~ 0 ItT !.0
GOOF 0

~~ La.
6. GOOF 1.0

TENSION - TENSION
tJ ro~-

1\ --;:e::.-. ~
-cP PO
-- ~
---4 -
~

-~
18 to 120 CPM o-
o. I I I
o. I 0.5 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000
CYCLES

FIG .1.052 S'J1{AIN CYC UNG HESUI.TS FOH ANNEALED 81\R liT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATUR
E
(18)
 Ti
REVISEO:MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

(_...
100r--------------,~-"T""r------,
Ti -6Al-6V-2Sn Ti
EXTRUSION (SEE FIGURE 3.056) L
1300F, 40 to 60 MINUTES AC 6 AI
CYCLES TO FAIL 6 v
107
0 106 2 Sn
6 105
0 104

t7r----,----------------- ------------,
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Ti-6AI-6V-2Sn
MEAN STRESS - KSI

FIG. 3.055 STRESS RANGE DIAGRAM AT 400 AND 600 F FOR

6 1300F, 50 MINUTE AC
NOTCHED SPECIMENS FROM ANNEALED EXTRUSION
0 1300F, 2 IIR, AC
1650F, 1 IIR, WQ +
(14)
1050F, 4 HR

6 EXTRUSION
0 1 INC II DIAMETEH BAR
13
E STATIC

600 800 1000 1200

TEMP-F

10. 2.002 MODUWS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM AND

ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (1)(14)

TI-6Al-6V-2Sn
EXTHUSION
1300F, 40 to 60 MINUTES AC

b03 KT = 1 Kr 2.16 CYCLES

1.: I %2 77 7 .::1
Ia 1--4---1,.
0
107
106

~
rn
60 0 e:, 105
104

~
A = 0.43

~4~----4-----~~~~----~---,~-----+-----+------1
!:3
<

0 20 40 60 80 100 140 160

MEAN STRESS - KSI

FIG. 3.056 STRESS RANGE DIAGRAM AT ROOM TEMPERATURE FOR SMOOTH AND
NOTCHED SPECIMENS FROM ANNEALED EXTRUSION (!.4)
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

Ti
REFERENCES
6 AI 1. Timet Titanium Engineering Bulletin No. 10,
"Properties TI-6Al-6V-2Sn", TMCA, N.Y., N.Y.,
6 v September 1967.
2. R.F. Slmenz and w. L. Malorltto, "Evaluation of
2 Sn Large Titanium Forgings", Lockheed Calliornla Co.,
AFML Tr-65 -206, July 1965.
3. Erbln, E, F., "Evaluation of High Strength Titanium
Forgings", Technical Service Dept., TMCA, N.Y.,
N.Y., March7, 1963
4. R.A. Budlngton, "Heat Treatability of TI-6Al-6V-2Sn
In Forged Sections up to Four Inches Thick", TMCA,
New Jersey (1966).
5. C.F. Hickey Jr. "Effect of Microstructures and
Cooling Rate on Mechanical Properties of TI-6Al-6V-
2Sn", ASTM Journal of Materials, Vol. I, No. 4,
December 1966, page 69.
6. M. L. Greenlee, "Effect of Heat Treated Tensile
Strength on Sharp Notch Strength of One Inch
TI-6Al-6V-2Sn Plate", Technical Service Dept. TMCA,
N. Y., N.Y., (August. 1963)
7. "Development of High Strength TI-6Al-6V-2Sn Alloy
Plate", Technical Service Dept., TMCA, N.Y., N.Y.,
(Janu;u-y 1962)
s. H. E. Romine, "Fracture Toughness Study of TI-6Al-
6V -2Sn Titanium Alloy Sheet 0.1 Inch Thick for
Possible Application In tho Construction of Welded So~.d
Propellant Motor Cases", NWL Report No. 1839,
u. s. Naval Weapons Lab., Dablgren, Va., (Feb 4,
1963)
9. M. H. Jones, Unpublished data, NASA-Lewis Research
Center, Cleveland, Ohio, (1967).
10. T.S. Desisto and C. F. Hickey, "J.nw Temperature
Mechanical Properties and Fracture Toughness of
TI-6A1-6V -2Sn", ASTM, Vol. 65, 191;5, page 641.
11. M. II. Jones, NASA- Lewis Research Center, data to
be published.

12. "Thick Section Fracture Toughness", Booing-North

American, ML-TUR-64-236, Controct No. AF33(657)
11461, Sponsored by FAA, October 1'~64.
13. T.S. Desisto, F. L. Carr and F. H. Larson, "Tho
Influence of Section Size on the Mechanical Properties
:md Fracture Toughness of 7075-T6 Aluminum,
24 0 6Al-6V-2Sn Titanium and A1Sl4340 Steel",
TI-6Al-6V-2Sn Proc ASTM, Vol. 63, 1963, page 768.
MILL ANNEAL - T I G (NO FILLER) +4 HR 14. R.M. Brockett and J.A. Gottbrath, "Development of
POST WELD TREATMENT Engineering Data on Titanium Extrusion for Use In
20 01- 240 Aorospoco Design", Lockheed, Callfomla Co.,
AFML-TR-67-189, AF Contract No. AF33(615)-5080,

0 - r-._ t -
- - Fro
~

- 200~
15.

16.
July 1967.
R. T. Bubsoy,NASA, Lewis Research Center,
Cleveland, Ohio, data to bo published.
L.ll. Stone and A. II. Freedman, "Cyclic Hot Stress
Corrosion of Titanium Alloys", NorthruP Corporation,
~ Noralr Division, Technical Summary Report,
"'
- ..
NOR 67-151. Controct AF33(615)-3642, (Juno 1967)
12 160 17.
-....:. A. G. Mol ville, "Fracture Toughness Investigation of
Two Heat Treatable Titanium Alloys", Report WGT-
FTY 065 Thiokol Chemical Corporation, Bingham City, Utah,
January 16, 1963.
20 120 18. D. F. Mowbray, "Fatigue Design Data for the Titanium
Alloy, TI-6Al-6V-2Sn", General Electric, KAPAL-
3158, May 20, 1966.
19. "Fatigue Properties of TI-6Al-6V-2Sn Plato", TMCA
0 Technical Department, West Caldwell N.S., 1967.

~--- - ..
o (2IN)
20. R. W. Judy Jr., and R. s. Goode, "Stress Corrosion
Cra)klng Charaetorlstlcs of Alloys of Titanium In
Snit Water'', NRL Report 6564, July 21, 1967,
0..- 21. Progress Report on Delayed Fracture Characterl&tlcs
Q 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700
w of Titanium Alloys, Lockheed Calliomla Corporation,
rn9
<w
POSTWELD TREATMENT-F LR 19741, May 16, 1966.
22. Aircraft Designers Handbook Cor Titanium and Titanium
::t Alloys, Office of Supersonic Transport Development
FIG. 4.032 EFFECT OF POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT ON F,A,A. and Air Force Materials Laboratory, AFML-
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF FUSION WELD (1) TR 67-142, March 1967.
 Ti
DECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\ __) 1. GENERAL
'Ibis alloy Is one of the IIUJ>Ualpba types designed 1.07 Forms and Conditions Avallable
prtmarlly for use at elevared temperatures. It Is not Alloy can be produced In normal commercial forms
Ti
and sizes. Presently available as sheet, plate, bar
as strong In abort time tenslle tests as the TI8AI-
1Mo-1V alloy over tbe entire temperature range to and forgings, (6).
5 AI
llOOF. It Is, however, cooslderably stronger In creep.
For example, the stress required to produce 0. 2\1\ 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
5 Sn
creep In 100 hours at 950F for the duplex annesled ).081 Melting. Double consumable electrode vacuum melt. 5 Zr
TI-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy Is 311:sl,. whereas for the mlll ).082 Casting. Alloy Is not cast.
annesled Tl-5AI-5So-5Zr alloy' the stress Is 511:sl.
Among the super-alpba titanium alloys under current 1.09 Special Considerations
evaluation It Is by far the most stable, Its limit of
stsblllty under stress being, for example, llOOF (the 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
maximum temperature studied to date), whereas the
Tl -8AI-1Mo-1 V shows stsblllty to 950F ss a function 2.01 Thermal Properties
of best trestment. The alloy develops Its best creep 2.011 Melting range
strength In the single annesled coodltion at 1650F. 2.012 Fhase changes. Alloy transforms on hesting to all
Duplex annesling using 1750F, 1 hour, air cool + Beta phase at approximately 1800J825F, (1).
1300F, 8 hours, air cool generally provides, however, 2.013 Thermal cooductlvlry
slightly better ductlllty values when evaluated In a 2.014 Thermal expansion
room temperature tensile test after the material has 2.015 SpeeUlc heat
been subjected to creep at elevated temperature, (2). 2.016 Thermal dlftuslvlty
Formability and weldablllty of this alloy Is good, (6).
2.02 Other Physical Properties
1.01 Commercial Designation 2.021 Density. 0.166 lb per cu In; 4.65 gr per cu em.
5AI5Sn-5ZrTI alloy. 2.022 Electrical resistivity
2.023 Magnetic properties
1.02 Alternate Designations 2.024 Emissivity
None. 2.025 Damping capacity

1.03 SpecUicatlons 2.03 Chemical Properties

None. See Tl, Commercially pure.

1.04 Composition 2.04 llllclear Propenles

Table 1.04.
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
TABLE I 04
TMCA(I) 3~01 Specified Mechanical Properties
Source NAA (3) Republic Steel (5) TMCA (2) 3.011 AMS specifications. None.
Alloy TISAl-SSn-SZr
Avg. of 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
Percent ~rcent 3.021
pressor
~om Tension
Avg. of Avg. or 10 3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams
3 heats locations in sheer rn-:'~,",~,1. 3.0212 Effect of finish roll temperature on tensile propenles
Alun1lnum 4.93 5.07 4.93 of sheet, Fig. 3.0212.
Carbon 0.013 0.035 0.022 3.0213 Effect of rea Mealing temperature on tensile propenles
Hydrogen 0.006 0.0049 oC mlllannealed sheet, Fig. 3. 0213.
Iron o.os . 0.047 3.0214 Effect of reanneallng and prior creep on tensile
Nitrogen 0.02 0.013 0.034 properties or sheet at room temperature, Fig. 3.0214.
Oxygen 0.071 0.013 0.08 3.0215 Effect oC hydrogen content, heat rrestment and prior
Tin 4.95 5.09 4.95 cnoep at IOOOF on tensile propenles at room temp
Zirconium 4.96 5. IS 5.03 erature, Table 3. 0215.
Titanium Balance Balance ll.llance

TABLE 3 0215
1.05 Heat Treatment
Source TMCA I
1.051 General. Alloy Is used In the aMesled condition, and
Allov Ti5AI5Sn5Zr
solution treating ard aging Is not recommencll-<1. Form
Either single aMeal or duJilex cycles are emplnyed. lhe tl.lll>l In tiheet
Condition Pr trPs.U 0011 2 s 15ll or
treatment being tailored to the particular appllc;otion
and propenles desired. The single anneal produces H2 Creep% Fru Fry' e
the optimum creep strength, but the duplex anneal Heat treatment onm btl lnl I'"
results in the highest short-time tensile properties, 13~0F, 8 hr, FC 247 n01 exp.134 125 20
at temperatures up to IIOOF and better ductility when (mUI cycle) 232 0.27 134 122 19
evaluated at room temperature after exposure to high lhSOF, 4 hr, AC 139 not cxp.1:0 114 20.5
temperature creep. 119 0.0112121> 117 21
1.052 AMeal; bar, forgings and hesvy sections. 17SOF, 15 min, AC 198 nO( cxp.131 1119 14
1.0521 Single aMesl for maximum creep resistance. t650F, 270 noc cxp.IJJ lOll II
4 hours, air cool. J850F, 10 min, AC 53 not exp.U7 108 lh
1.0522 Duplex &Meal. J750F, I hour, air cool+ J300F, 8 29 0.074 129 118 13
hours, air cool generally provides slightly better 38 0.095 130 118 8
ductility in room temperature tensile tests conducted 1.!5 0.051 136 1211 5
1.053
after exposure to creep.
&ress relief. 11001300F, (6). . 188 0.10 137 127 3
Tested ar room rcm~rature after creep exposure. No
surface pickling.
1.06 Hardness
30'ii0CiCWell C Scale, (6).

CODE 3716
PAGE
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
DECEMBER 1963

3.0216 l!lfect ol obeet 1blcblesa aud lelld.og dlrecdaa em teiSIIe 3.1M52 LarsmMlller parameter plot for creep ol specimeiUI
Ti ~ FfB. 3.11216. rr- c o m - wbeel lorglag pea a tiiJIIIa - I l l i g
3.022 Ccmpreulao tteatmear, Fig. 3.0452.
5; AI 3.02Zl Streuattaludlap am
3.1123 ... J!Kl 3.05 Padg!!e l!lcoper!ies
5 Sn 3.11231 CJupJ impact 8IXalglb ol bar at room temperature. 3.051 Bflect d. load CJCllllg m cyllc IUe d. spotweldad o1>eet
15-20 ftU.. (6). ill axial l'allpe, Fig. 3. 051.
5 Zr 3.0U BeadiDc 3.052 K""erae beadlllg l.atlgue cllaracterlatlca d. sbeet, Fig.
3.0Ul _ . J:adlwo lor llbeet,. (1115"V). .f.OT, (6). 3.052.
3.025 TarlllaD aud llbaar
3.1126 lleuiag 3.06 l!lasllc 1!\copenles
3.1127 Streu CCIICellttatlal 3.061 Polssc:ms rado
3.11271 l!lrect ol fJDUb :rdiJug tempentUI'e ... -.:11 8IXalglb 3.062 Modulus d. elaallclty
o l - POll a mDI-.-1 aud a ...,. lemperalurc 3.0621 Blfect d. temperature em elaStic madulua d. - .
UDeal, Fig. 3.0271. Fig. 3. 0621.
3.11272 Fncture lauglmeu 3.063 Modulus ol rigidity
3.1128 Ccm!Ued Jll"opertles
4. FABRICATION
3.03 Uechulcal 1!\c~ at Varlaus Tcmi!!!!!blres
3 .031 T<1181cm 4.01 Formability
3.0311 StreuattaludJagr ams, eee Figs. 3.0.f.fl aud 3.0142. 4.011; Fcnglng temperature raage, UI002000F, (6).
3.0312 l!lfect ol te11t temperamre aud fJDUb rolllllg temp- 4.012 Working temperature range. RT 1000F, (6).
erablre em obeet pea a mUI-.-1 aud a blp temp
erablre aDMSI, PIC. 3.031:Z. 4.112 MochiD!ng and Oriad!ng
3.0313 l!lfect ol speelmea locadcm aud dlrectlcm relaliYe 10 4.021 Drilling. TYPe M7 drill Is most aallal.actory for long
roiUug em leDIIUe pn>pen1e11 at room aud el""atal tool life although 11 does nlll p!'ovlde greatest spead d.
temperatures, Fig. 3.0313. drilling. Use ol a coolant is ~ssary for maximum
3.031.f l!lreet ol te11t temperalure aud telltlllg d i r - m tool life, (J).
tealllle Jll"opertles ol obeef, Fig. 3. 0314. 4.022 Milling. For mulmum speed, lead aDd ourlace flal&h,
3.032 Ccmpreuicm a T-15 steel cutter &hould be uacd. Coolant Is
3.0321 Streuattalu diagrams d<:lrlmenral 10 IUe oltool, (5).
3.033 lmPKt
3.034 BeadiDc 4.03 Welding
3.035 Toralcm aud llbaar 4.031 Alloy provides good properties in welded condition ..
3.036 lleuiag lmp!'cwement In properties an be achlevod by post
3.037 a.-.,.. CCIIICaUlltlcm weld stress relief annealing. Stres relieving IL'Itlp
3.0371 l!lrect d. 1- temperalures m teasUe ~d. eratures olllOO to J300F are necL'Sliary If ,;hort

3.03711
-.:bed aud -.:bed abee1, Fig. 3.0371.
l!lrect d. 1- temperamre aud _.-wdd beat tr.. lm-
m teasUe pt'Cipertles d. .-.:hed aud IIIJtl:hc!d abeel,
4.033
practical cycles arc to be utiiiZL'CI, (1).
Spot welding. 1\lloy can be spol weldad over a wide
raage ol machine seulng without encountering cractiag
Pig. 3.03711. problems. For gage thickness up 10 0.080 inch, single
3.0372 Practllre taugtmeu impulse welds are most desirable: for 0.080 .inch and above.
3.038 CcmbUied PI"~ either single or multiple Impulse Scltings can be usad, (3).
4.0331 Spot weldad alloy is rdalivcly !liable when exposed to
3.04 c~ aud c:re... RlllllUre PrapenJes elevated temperatures. Exposure to lOOOF for more
3.041 Geaenl. AIIOJ 1a espcc:lsliJ BlaiJic: Ia loac lime 'than SO hours has the most pronouncad effect .., weld
~ 10.....,.. at blp temperamre canpsnd to
&tr~ (as measured In a sub~t test at room
Olber alpba-tJPe tllaolam aiiCIJS, resultllls ill - ' o r temperature)causla g a raductlon In tenaUe strength d.
creep Jll"opertlea. 10 to I~ depezxling on exposure: time:. Ill Olher temp
3.0.f2 Creep -ltJ. T..- coadlll:l<d m wbeel farpag ~rues exposure produces a relatively smaJI dfec1.
spc:c:lme1111 from rim aud web aDd arlc:alcd Ia rallal AI elevalad temperatures Joss ol attength ol spotwelds
aDd ~ dlrecdcms, expoocd to temperalures - lower than that ol porenl metal. At 1100 F aDd IOOOF
bdweea 1110 aud 1100P lo lalal creep defannadoos up porent metal suffers rcductloo ol F 10 by appro><imatdy
10 0.6\t llllowell geaeraliJ good - l t J wboi!D ewahlcd 32 aad 34\t respectively, ..tlllc: loss Ia spohreld strength
Ia a tOilSUe te11t at room temperabll'e.. Yield aad leiUIIJe Ia appro><imalely 17 aad 25 ~ (3).
atr""''!lhs - e>ocellc:al -lltlltJ lor all creep
~
coadldoos ewal,.tal. Rdeod011 <ll cluctUIIJ was pad 4.04 Heal Treabneal
for materlal Ia diJIIIe>< ._lad (17:iOP, 1 boar, air See Ti, Commercially pur.,.
i' cool + 1300P, I boars, air cool) coadldoo, aad GalJ
"f maderate losses d. ductllllJ r...,..tal 1..- material 4.05 Surface Treatment
,. ..,_lad 1650F, .f baura, air cool, (2). See Ti, Commercially pure.

I
3.00 Creep deformadao
3.0431 Blfect d. ..,...,..IIIU CJclea em creep due 10 - e
lor 150 boars at ZOOOF at Z5 tal, see Pig. 3.112l.f.

am-
3.002 Streu requlrad 10 pnllluce fiaad amcamta d. creep Ia
apeclllad limes at 900P. Pfc. 3. 002.
3.0433 Streu requlrad 10 Jll"oduce fiaad d. creep 1::1
r; apecUiad times at 1100F, FiB- 3.0433.
3.00.f Streu requlrad 10 Jll"oduce fiaad - - d. creep Ia
apecUiad times few welded obeet at 900F, Ffc. 3.00.f.
3.0M laocln- --atrala eanc:a
3.0M1 ~ --attalucane a f..- 0.040 ba:ll obeet
at 900P, PI&. 3.0.f.f1.
3.0.f.f2 laoclu- - - - . . I l l canes 1..- 0.090 ba:ll obeet
at 900P, Fll. 3.0M2.
3.1M5 Tlme-temperamre paramdera.
3.1M51 Lar-Mlller puameter Jllot f creep ol apec1maaa
rr- can__. wbeel farpag pea a ~e.-.
Ffc. 3.1M51.

CODE 3716
PAGE 2
 Ti
DECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

140 I60 0. 4
TISA15Sa-5Z.. n~:~SZr
D.o9o IN SHEBT MILL A~ I~ lfJlBWc Ti
~
lil
:.:
120
1650P, , MIN. Aq
~ I ~ 0 .3 ~ _l_ -:a~ 5 AI

~
r~'ro Ill
~
... e L T u o 1!1. BXPOSBD IOOOP 5 Sn
o T re 25 JCSI.
150 HR
_._ A NOT IIXf(lSI!D 5 Zr
IDD I 0.2
I l:iQ 0 e RBANN + AC AS IND
/'t" ... ~1!1. A RBA~+FC, 4HR
Ill
Pn Ill
2D DD ri 0.1
!Z
Ill
u --......., ~ .... --,
"' <(2 IN) ~ 0
L
::! ID 40
1700 1750 IIJOD 1850 1900 RT
FINISH ROLL TI!MP P p.._ Pro .
FX;. 3.0212 BPPBCTOP FINISI ROLL TBMP 2D ~ 1411
BRATURB ON TBNSILE PROPER
11BS OF SHEBT . (1, p. 93)
PTY
00
1!1.
-
3D IDD

. .. e(21}t

10 I
1350, 1450. 1550, 1650. 1750
AS MILL 2 HR I HR 30 MIN
ANN
R~TJ!MPF'f-HBATDC TlloiiB FOR AC
FX;, 3.0214 BPPBCT OF RBANNBAIJNG AN> PRIOR
CRBBPON TIINSILB PROPBRTIBS OP
SHEBT AT R<XU TBMPBRATURB
. (1, p. 102)

160r-----r-----~-----r~TI~-5~A~-~5~&-~5Zr~
0.090 IN SHEBT
MILL ANN (1350P, 8 HR. PC)+ RBANN, AC

160

'0-5/I.IS&S Zr
SHEBT I
1411 FINillf ROLLED FRCM 17501'
1350F, a,.,.HR. AC+1650P, 30~1N. AC

+----+p u;--t---
r
100 ALL TBSTS AVC OP 4:BBTS
~IF I -- --.....
IO~~~L--L--~-L--~_.--~_.
~
~ 211 I::.. .-
~~ 2HR 1HR 3DMIN 30MIN u 0D6 L
<(2 ....
1300 ..,, HOD 1500 1600 1700 180D m.0 10
-AT

~ RBANNBALit :l TBMP F
0.020 O.CMO 0.060 O.llal 0.10
SHEBT'i1D atNBssIN
PJG. 3.0213 BPPBCT oF RBANNBAI.It :l TBMPBRATURB PJG. 3.0216 BPPIICI' OF SHEBT TlfKXNBSS AN>
ON TlfB TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS OP MILL-
TIISI1N3 DIRBCTION ON TI!N5lLB
ANNIL\LBD SHBBT (1, Tbl.27) I'Rm'IIRTIBS (1, p. 109)

CODE 3716
PAGE 3
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS DECEMBER1963

Ti
180

:::-
T15A15Sn5Zr
~21N SHEET, L
40

L
FTU II I o'.~(ii!.~~if
ROLLRD FROM 1750 P
MILL ANN 1350F, 8 ~~
5 AI NOTCH
- - FINISH ANN 16SOF, 30 MIN, A
llaJ

l
160

~
T
5 Sn --e13SOF, 1 HR, FC
r01650F, 30 MIN, AC ltD
5 Zr

Iii
:.:
140
--- r---
FTY
00

FTU
140

80 120
120 IL lloo::=

~
T T
F- ~ FTY FTU
Iii
:.:
60 100
100 1- ~c6.0-
DOS IN j::
~
RT SOOF !OOOF
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900
80
FINISH ROLL TEMP F
FIG. 3.0271 EFFECT OF FINISH ROLLII'l FTY FTY
TEMPERATURE ON NOTCH
STREI'lTH OF SHEET GIVEN 40
v .......... _.
60
A MILL-ANNEAL AND A HIGH T T
TEMPERATURE ANNEAL

-
(1,1bl.25) T
30
r- to-
e(2 IN)
L e(21N)
:.o
T

A3 Cl
e(21N)
C2 82 A3 Cl C2 82 A3 Cl .
C2 E2
SPECIMEN LOCATION
l60~--~;----,,----,-----,,-T=I~-5~A'-7
5Sn~-s=z-,r
FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF SPECIMEN LOCATION AND DIRECTION
0.0621N SHEET RELATIVE TO ROLLII'l ON TENSILE PROP8RTI8S
HR+ANN, L AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
140
~~~----4------r---=FI~N~ISH~R~o=L~L~T~EM~P~-~F 160 (l,p.122)

1750
1800
1
~~~--~----~f-~ ~~0~------1140

--~-~~"'"-li::::-----+-----; 120 Iii

"'
j::
---~----~100 ~

80

0 200 400 600 800 1000

TI!MPF
FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND FINISH
ROLLII'l TEMPERATURE ON SHEET GIVEN A MILL-
ANNEAL AND A HIGH TEMPERATURE ANNEAL
(l,p.95)

CODE 3716
PAGE 4
 Ti
DECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

TlSAI5SnSZr Ti
120 0. 062 IN SHEET
1650 , 30 MIN. AC 5 AI
5 Sn
100
5 Zr
Iii
~

80
e (L) SHEET 1
0 (L) SHEET2
rn SHEET3
60 u;1~~+---~~~~~--~
~

30

Ill
0 20
a:
Ill
c.
120
~12~~~~~~~~~~---~
10
~aj;fi=:=::=~~;=;f=:=~$;:::;:~
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMP F fl! e(IIN)
4 L--~3=oo~----~200~~~.+.1oo=---~o~--~IOO
PIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND TBSTING DIRBCTION ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET (1, p. 114)
TEMP F
FIG. 3.03711 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE AND
POST-WELD HEAT TREA'JMENT ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF UNNOl'CHED
AND NOTCHED SHEET
(1, p. 130, 131, 132)

26or-----,------r--------~Tl~-~SA~I~-5~Sn~-S~Z~r
0.062 IN SHEET, L
650F, 30 MIN, AC

li!180
~

100
so
~
Ill
20
0
a:
Ill COAO llEAT A, 0.090 IN} SHEET
c. HEAT D, 0.040 IN
10. ~~--~~-L~~~--~~~~-W~

400 300 200 100 0 100 10 100 1000

TEMP F TIME HR
PIG. 3,0371 BPPBCT OP LOW TBMPBRATURBSON FIG. 3.0432 STRESS REQUIRED TO PRODUCE FIXED AMOUNTS
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF NOTCHED AND OF CREEP IN SPECIFIED TIMES .\T 900F
UNNOTCHED SHEET (1, p. 112) (4, p. 18)

CODE 3716
PAGE 5
 NONFERRQUS ALLOYS DE_CEMBERI963

Ti TI5AI5Sn5Z r
SHEET
L
50 h - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - - t - - 1 6 5 0 P,30 MIN, A
5 AI
OAHEATA, 0.0901NlSHEE T
5 Sn HEATS. O.CHOINJ

5 Zr 4D
c. 0.1%}
oe O.Z';{, CREBP
A4 0.5%
. 1.0%
lil 30
:.:

liOOF
20

10
.10 100 1000
TIME- HR
PIG. 3.0433 STRESS REQUIRED TO PRODUCE FIXED AMOUNrS OF CREEP IN
SPECIFIED TIMES AT liOOF (4, p. 19)

n 5AI5Sn5Zr
0.090 IN WELDED SHEET
~ ~~-----~~--------~--1650P,30MIN,AC

1000
TIME HR
PIG. 3.0434 STRESS REQUIRED TO PRODUCE FIXED AMOUNTS OF CREEP IN
SPECIFIED TIMES FOR WELDED SHEET AT 900F (4, p. 20)

CODE 3716
PAGE 6
 II

DECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

TISh1SSnSZr Ti
0.040 IN SHEET
70 1650 fi,JO MIN,AC
5 AI
---::-.- ~-
5 Sn
900F ~ ;;;.---

I"' v
60 5 Zr

so

I
eOHR(IN 11ALSI"RESSSTRAIN CURVE)

30 I AIOHR
100 HR
0500 HR

20
I
10
I
1/ I
0.4 0.8 I. 2 1.6 2.0 2.4 ~-8 3.2
PI!RCEJIIT
FIG. 3.0441 ISOCHRONOUS SI"RESSSTRIIIN CURVES POR 0.040 INCH SHBBT AT 900 F
(4, p. 33)

.
[~

I TISIIISSnSZr
1.' 0. 090 IN SHEET
... 70
l
Lt ~ E::::=== ~
~
1650 F, 30 MIN,AC !---"
''
~~

~.
f/!t v
60

,,~ 900F
' so
r
f
r
!; Iii 40
..:
I
t: 30 I
20
I
I
0 HR (INI11AL STRESS-STRAIN CURVE)

' 10
..IOHR
IOOHR
0 500 IIR

I
ll 1000 IIR

0
0 0.4 0.8 1.2
I
1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2
PBRCI!JIIT
FIG. 3. 0442 ISOCHRONOUS STR ESSSTRIIIN CURVES FOR 0, 090 INCH SHBBT AT 900 p
(4,p.32)

CODE 3716
PAGI! 7
 NUNt 't.KR OUS ALLO YS
DECEMBE~ .1.963

Ti 60
TISAI Sa 5Zr
COMPRESSOR WHEEL FORGII'(; i\._.)
5 AI 50
1750F, 1 HR, A
+ 1300F, 8 HR, AC
5/ Sn 40
5, Zr

;;; 30
>.:

20
CREEP
0 0.05:1\
0.1:1\
.a. 0.2%
0.5:1\

IOL---~~~--------~2~8----------3~0~-
-------~32~--------~3~4--~

P (I" + 460) (20 + LOG 1) x 10"3

PIG. 3.0452 LARSON MILLER PARAMETER PLOT FOR CREEP
OF SPECIMENS FRCM COM
PRESSOR WHEEL FORGING GlVBN A DUPLEX ANNBAL
ING TREATM ENT
(2, Fig. II)

TISAI Sa-5Zr
COMPRESSOR WHEEL FORGING
60 O. I:I\ O. :z% O. S:l\ 1650F, 4 HR, A
.....
so

TISAIS SaSZr
0.090 IN SHEET

KROUSE, DIRECT STRESS,

ssoc~

t5 SJN::LE IMPULSE
SPOT WELD
30
~
32 34 Ill
u
P (T + 460) (20 + LOG 1) x 103 a:
~ 10 ~~~~--~~~~~~~~~---L--~~~~
~U~-- --~-J
PIG. 3.0451 LARSON MILLER PARAMirrER PLOT FOR
CREEP OF SPECIMENS FRCM CCMPRESSOR
NUMBBR OF CYCLES
WHEEL FORGII'(; GIVEN A SINGLE ANNEAL
PIG. 3, 051 EFFECT OP LOAD CYCLIN:i ON CYCUC LlPE OP
(2, p. 34) SI'OTWBlDED
SHI!ET IN AXIAL FA'I1GUB
(3, p. I 47, 186)

CODE 3716
PAGE 8
 Ti
OECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1W~---r--------------~----------------r-------~T'-1-~57AI~-~S~~-S~
Z~r
0.063 IN SHEET, T Ti
16SOF, 30 MIN, AC
EXPOSED 1000 HR AT 1000F 5 AI
TESTEDATRT
'5 Sn
5 Zr

~ .
i~~~--------~r-----~r-~----~~

NUMBER OF CYCLES
PIG, 3. 052 REVERSE BEND!~ FATIGUE CHARACTERISTICS OF SHEET
(3, p. 42)

.........,,.

; REFERENCES
f.
t:. Doy, D.L. aad Keasler, H. D., "Summary Repon,
,.t Titaalum Sheet Rolling Program for T!BAIIMoJV ,
n-SAIS~SZr aad T!7AII2Zr", llu f.!oval Wl!<\pooJ
fc Caattact N011059 6227 -c, Swnm.ay Rep.".n_
1'. TISAISSnSZ r (Deeember 1961)
~~
.. 16
_n
-.. -~ ....
............
0.062 IN SHEET
16SOF, 30 MIN, AC
3
2 Greenlee, M. L. aad Bra.dwell, R. G., "Engineering
Properties or HJsb Temperature Super Alpha Titanium
Alloys", T!taalum Metals Corp.., (July 1963)
Meyer.. D. B., ''DOD High Streagtb T!r.aalum Alloy

I
Sheet Re-rdl l'rqrram", North American Avlatloo,
14 l'rOJil'eSs Report No. 17, Bu Naval We~pooo Caatract
.... ....
.
Iii
~
0
L
T 4
NOu57785d, (May 1962)
Lumm, J. A, and Meyer., D. B., "000 HJah Strength
~ 12 ~ T!taalum Alloy Sheet Re-rcb l'rqrram", North
American Avlatloa, Pinal Report, llu Naval Weapooa
'\ 5
Caatract NOoa57 785d, (Septemher 1962)
Scott. M. aad Vrlta .. T., "Bvaluatlaa or the Praduclb
Ulty or Two New T!taalum Base Sheet Alloy .. TI7AI
10 12Zr aad T!SAI5Zr5~", Tenlh l'rOJil'ess Report
2 4JU 010 1100 1000
llu Naval W""pooa Cootact NOu 60-6035, Republic
TBMP P Steel, (SeptemherOc toher 1%1)
PIG. 3,0621 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELASTIC 6 Material a In Dealgn Bnglneerlng, (Mag.), Materials
MODULUS OF SHEBT (1, p. 114) Selector Jaaue, Vol. 56, No. 5, Reinhold l'llhlloblng
Co., (Mid Octoher, 1962)

CODE 3716
'[
,. PAGE 9

..
;'..
'
~,.
 Ti
DECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GBNBRAL 1.09 Spedal Caa8idel'adaDa .

1hla aliOJ la ..... of lhe 80 caUed -..per alpba types Ao mlgbt be expected from lt8 relatively hlgb alJDDIAum
which were deYelcped qecJflocaUy to bave aupertor c - !hla alloy baa a atahlllty problem, Ill !hat lhe
Ti
creep etrcqrlb lA lhe .-led CCIIII1Idall at ele~~ated . lmaJle elcqatiOD aed hetldiJJg 11mlt8 decreaae after
temperatur e&. 1he elevated remperuure mecbaDica1 expoiAil'e to elevated temperatu re. The emhrtttlem
7 AI
propertfee are laflueac:ed by lbe ......tiDe tteatmellt eot
employed &Ill llllly a radler UDiUed amOUDt of lafarm
1a IAcreaoed by !he preaeoce cl auf&1eDt otreaa tO cauae 12
creep. (See Pfe. 3.02131 &Ill T&ble 3.0215). Uode-
Zr
adal coaceralDg tbe effect of lheee tteatm-.o la avaJI L----_,J
IIUCh CCitii1JI:Iau. iuUhl1lty baa beeD eDCCIIIDte2:ed over
allle. lA a dupla .-led CODdldoa lbe abort time lbe eodre temperatu re r&De lnveatlpte d (1. e. from
leii&De ~aw-n to be lonr &Ill lbe creep 800P to 1200P, See PJe. 3.0217), however, tbe effect
ltreaglb h!gber lhaa far TIIAIWo-1V. Aa mlibt beg1Da to decreaee above UOOP. While tbe mecbulam
be ezpecud from lt8 relatlvely hJ&b alumlmlm CGIIlellfo of !h1a IDotahlllty 1a DOt clearly def!Aed, hotb IAteradda l
lhe alloy ta liCit Rabie wbeo apoaed to elevated temp elemeat c.aamtoa dal &Ill a etructural c:haqre act
eraturea. 1hla tuuhlllty la laflueac:ed by lbe together to prodllce cbaerved etrecta. Removal of aurface
&DDealiDg treatmeat aed al80 by lbe c1esree of IDterlltltlal metal by plctling following expooure to creep coa:lldolll
c:oaramiD:ldOD. However, tbere ta IDaodf!c:lent data to geoenlly raiallo !he eloapdal (e.g. Tallie 3. 02141) all:!
accurately deftDe lbe effect& of tbeM variable& Oil tbe improvem eot la also Dk:ed If tbe aurface 1a lree from
atahlllty ar to eRabllah tbe temperatu re &Ill atreao cODtaminolial before expooure (See PJe. 4. 052).
limits far lllahle bebavlar, (See 1. 09). While llheet. Reducing tbe IDterlltt:lal ..-eDt aJliiUeodY IAcreaaeo
plate &Ill fOlJIJWa bave beeD made Oil .., experlmeDUl tbe alloy' a toleruce to damaging expowre coodltiOD&,
hoata. tbe alloy baa aa yet received llllly llmiled (See Tallie 3. 0215). Rapid cooling from tbe aDDealing
c:amma:cl al IDtereat. temperatu re &180 rf'ducea !he IAatahlllty, (See Tabloo
3.02141 &Ill 3.02U'l At pre- !here doea DOt
Cammercl al Dealf!!!!da l .appeu to be aoy way ol compl~)' e'.lmiAiting tbe
n-7A112 Zr. deleteriou l clfecta of elevate<! klbperatu re expowre lA
blab aluminum tltaJitum alloyo. Par !hla reaBOD tbeae
1.02 tlloya llbould he carefully evalllllted for critical
applicadDDI aod particular atteolial ahould he gtveo to
1.03 Speclflcad olll tbe effects ol expoaure Oil fracture tcughneoa a a
See 3.01. meaoured by teat cO!IIaiAIJJg sharp DOtclles or fatigue
craclco, (See Appeodlx C).
1.04 Campaeld al
Tallle1.04 . 2. PHYSICAL AND CHI!MICAL PROPI!RTII!S
TABLI! I 04
2.01 Thennal Properdea
Source Stal>'lard Pressed Steel (2)
IAIIov 2.011 Melting ra..re
TI7Al ZZr 2.012 Phaoe cha..reo. Alpha tranouo 1600P to 1650F aod beta
PerceDt transuo 1750 to 1800P. Alloy la esoentlally all alpha
Min Max below 1600F, (3).
Alumllwm 6.5 7.5 2.0121 Time-tem perature tranlforma tloo dlagramo

---
Carbon o.os 2.013 Thermal cooductlvity
Hydrogeo 0.0125(a) 2.014 Thermal expanaiOD
!rOD 0.04 2.016 5peclflc heat
Nltrogeo
Oxygea
-
. 0.07 2.016 Thermal dlffuolvlty
0.12
Zirconium 11.5 12.5 2.02 Other l'byolcal Properties
Tlralliwn Balance Balance 2.021 Density. 0.164 lb per cu In; 4. 52 gr per cu em.
(a) TMCA pvea 0. 001 perceot muimum( 4) 2.022 mectrlcal propertlel
2.023 Magoetlc propertlea
2.024 l!mlsalvlty
1. OS Heat TrMtmeot 2.025 Damping capacity
1.051 Geoeral. 1he alloy la used In tbe aDDeRled coa:lltioll.
Optimum .......,liDs treatmellt s for dlffereot appllcatlon a 2.03 Chern leal Properties
hove DOt beeD firmly eRabllabe d. 1be following are 2.031 General. Very little infmatlo o Ia available reprd!JI!
teDtatlve recammeodadODa. !he corrosion behavior of !hla alloy. Testa 011 atrlpo
1.052 Par .uperlor llhort time teoalle atren&lh up to IOOOP, plaodcally deformed by bending Indicate hil!her
mill aooea1 1350P, 8 houra, funoace cool, (See Pig. susceptibi lity to UOOF oalt atreu corroaloD tbaD noced
3.0312). for TiBAI1M o-1V or 5A1-55o5 Zr, (5). Care llhould
1.053 Por Improved creep atreogth tbe aDOealing temperatu re be takeo 10 avoid expoaure ol parts cO!IIaiAIJJg reoldual
should he raloed above 1500P, wl!h 1575P, 30 minutea, otreas to aalt at elevated temperatu re, (See alao
air cool heiJJg recommetl ded by oae producer (3) aod n -8A1-1Mo-1 V).
l650P, 30 mlllutea, alr cool by aaher (4), (See
Pig. 3. 02132). 2.04 fob:lear Propert!ea
1.054 Duplex .-.1. 17SOP, 1 hour, air cool+ 1300F, 8
hour.. a1r cool recommetl ded for heat rreep realataoce 3. MI!CHANICAL PROPI!RTIBS
Ill fOlJIJWa, (See Pfea. 3. 0421 aod 3. 0422).
1.055 &reao relief &DOMI. 1300P, 45 mll.'uteo, air cool. 3.01 5peclfied MecbaDica1 Prcprdea
3.011 Ccmpaoy apec:lflcadODa
1. 06 !!!!'!!!!!!!.. 3.0111 Producer guaraareed mlnlm!DD room temperatu re
ten.lle propertlea for aDDeRled material, Tallie 3.0111.
1.07 Parma &Ill CoodidODa Avallallle TABLI! 3 011 I
Alloy baa beeD produced Ill fDrJiol otoct. plate &Ill Source I
llbeet. Alloy T17AIl2 Zr
Form All material _ 3 In tblck
1.08 Meldn!l aed Ca!t!.as Practice CoodJUoa IhOOP 4hr AC
1.011 MeldDg. Double COD8UII1&ble electrode vacuum melt. Ft:u - min tal 130
1. 082 CaldDg. Not caat. Pty - min -tal 120
e(4D) percent 10
RA- percem 20

CODE 3717
PAGE
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS DECEMBER 1963

-----.3.0112 ~room am elevated temperature mecbanlca1

Ti prcpertles far bar SIOCir. Table 3.0112. 3.02 MecbaDical Properties at Room Temperat!!re
3.021 Teoaloa
7 AI
Somce .
TABLB3 0112
1
3.0211
3.0212
Stre68-llll'&ID diagrams
Brfect oL rcllJDg temperature 011 teoaUc properties ol.
12 Zr IAllm
Form
T17A112Zr eheet. .
Bar (far. fa~a 3.02121 Btfect oL fiD1ab rolllDg temperature 011 lhe_ teoaUe
Cm:lltioD A- 1275F to 1325F
T""'nF -.,.,. 750_ 3.02122
prcp:rtlea ol abeet at lle'feral_ tbickueaaea. Fig. 3. 02121.
Blrect oL tiD1ab rolllDg temperature am apasure 011 lbe
Fm, miD- bl 150 (a) us teoalle prtJPel'tles ~ 81111ealed abeet frDit' two beata.
F!:Y:! miD bl 120 90 Pig, 3. 02122.
e(4D) pel."('- 10 10 3.0213 Brfect oL IDIIelllug temperature am expoaure 011 teoalle
RA. pezce.1t 25 25 prc>pert~ee" oLabeet.
(a) Value a1ao required after prior exposure to 750F 3.02131 Brfect oL IDIIelllug temperature am expoeure 011 teaalle
far 1000 br praperdea ~ abect. Pig. 3.02131.
3,02132 Brfect oL &!IDeallQg temperature am creep e>:paaJre Oil
3.0113 Bureau ~ Naval Weapou abeet rallJag program release teulle prcpertlea ~ abeer_ Pig, 3. 02132.
epecWcli"""' 'Jloble a.oua. 3.0214 Bll'ect oL creep temperature am atreu Oil retalued
teoalle prcpertlea.
TABLB 3 0113
s.ouu Brfect oL creep temperature am atreaa 011 tbe retained
teoalle prcpert1ea ~ llheet cOaled at two ratoa from !he
Source 3)(4 &IIDeaUDg temperature. Table 3. 02141.
Allilv Tl7AI12Zr
.,n;m
St-
, ca.ldtdcl.- ADD
Temn F RT 800 1000
Ptu' miD kal 120 85 80
F~ miD 1<11 110 75 70
e( Ia) miD perceot 10 . .
Creep atreaeth miD kal (a) . 65 25
~. max percent 0,10 .
.
H.z, max perceot O.OOl .
.
(a) heaa required to pn>duce 0, 2 perceot plaatlc strain
In 150 br

TABLB 3 02141
Source 4
Allov T17A112Zr
Form 0. 090 In sheet Plulah rolll""' at 17501"
CoodltiOII 16SOP, 30 min, AC 1650F, 2 hr, AC 1650F, 2 hr, FC
BOOF 900P 1000F
I~!,"?.,.':.:P
800F 900F 1000F 800F 900F 1000F
Noae 70 leal 55 leal 25 leal None 70 leal 55 kal 25 ksl None 70kal 55 kal 25 kal
Deformadon In
150 hr nerceat 0 0.078 0.051 0.037 0 0.17 0.058 o.ou 0 0.17 0.21 0.069
Rotai.Ded RT
Properdea
Ptu kal 133 134 136 138 131 132 iss 135 135 136 138 138
Pty kal
Ieii lnl-- nercellt
123
21
133
)A
128
7
128
16lal
119
21
(a) 0.0031n reductiODID thickness by acid plcldiJv follow~Jv creep
131
9.5
127
5
125
. 1~ u: 128
3
126
I(Al

3.02142 l!ffect oL creep exposure tomperRture aed arreas on the

retained propertlea of aMealed sheet, Fig, 3. 02142.
3, 02143 l!ffe<:t ol creep temperature aDd atresa on !he retalued
tonslle properdea ~ bar atock cooled at BeYeral rates
txcm the aMeallug temperature, Table 3. 02143.

TABLB 3 02143
Source 8
Ulnv Tl7 AI12Zr
Form ~/8 In bar

1600F, 4hr, cool

+ 145 to 175 hr at
Coudhlon 1600f, 4 hr, cool 10001', 30 kal
Cool FC AC w FC A W'
Retained RT
Propenlea
Ftu kal 138 13i 147 141 141 140
Fry kal 127 124 120 123 123 123
e(W) percent 15 16 15 16 16 16
RA percent 30 31 28 23 26 30

CODE 3717
PAGE 2
i
\
 Tl
DECEMBER1963 NONFERROU S ALLOYS

{ i
\_} 3. 02U4 Btrect at. creep temperature and stress m the rdalned
tenalle properties at. a compressor wheel forglag given Tl
s.lngle and duplex IUIIIe81s, Table 3. 02144.
TABLB 3 02144 7 AI
Source 9
Alloy Ti7AI-12Zr
12 Zr
Form Ccmnressor wheel Coraln<r radial direction 21 1/2 In dla x 1 1/2 In
Condition 1600P 4hr AC 17SOP 1 hr, AC + 1300P, 8 hr, AC
300 hr expoaure 800P 850P 9SOP 10SOP UOOP 800P 850P 9SOP 1050P llOOP
Temp and stress None 60lesl 57.5 ksl 40ksl 20 kat 15 leal None 60 ksl :57.5 lesl 40leal 20kol 15ksl
Total creep
Def - percent 0 0.07 0.14 0.24 0.20 0.34 0 0.07 0.19 0.33 0.20 0.22
Retained RT
Properties
Ptu ksl 133 134 136 137(a) 138 141 132 13S(a) 138 137 139(a) 140
P leal 121 127 127 125 127 130 123 126 130 126 125 130
e('lln) percent 25 16 5.0 6.5 5.5 12 18 20 21 6 15 7.5
RA- percent 37 20 6.3 7.2 9.4 18 35 29 25 7 23 10.2
(a) 0. 050 Inch machined from specimen diameter after expnaure

3.0215 Btrect at. expnaure on the retained tenalle properties at.

sheet at three Interstitial levels, Table 3.0215.
TABLB 3 0215
Source (7)
Alloy Tl7Al-127c
Form Sheet
Condition 16SOF 2hr AC
Thickness In 0.020 0.062 .090
lotersdtlals
Percent 0.1302 and o. 001H2 o.0740z and o.004SH2 o. 06902 and 0.0041H2
150 hr expooure 1000 F 1000 F 900F
Conditions None 800F 1000F 25 ksl Noue 800F 1000F +25 leal None 800P 1000F +55 ksl
Retained RT
Properties
Pru- hl 133 128 125 90.0 131 132 137 132 131 131 137 133
F~ -leal 122 126 120 . 119 126 128 128 119 125 125 126
e( In) - perceut 18 s.s 2.0 0 22 2.5 4.~a 1.0 21 15 13 3. S:
(a) 0.003 In reductlonln thlclr:ness by acld plcldlng lollowlng expnaure

3.0216 Average and spread at. longitudinal tensile properties

for various thickness sheets rolled from four heats, 3.032 Compression
Plg. 3. 0216. 3.0321 &reasstrsln diagrams
3.0217 Average and spread of transverse tensile properties for 3.033 Impact
various thickness sheet rolled tram four heats, Plg. 3.034 Bending
3.0217. 3.035 Torsl011 atxl shear
3.022 Compression 3.036 Bearing
3.0221 Stress-strain dlagramu 3.037 Stress cODCeDtratloa
3.023 Impact 3.0371 Notch properties
3.024 Bending 3.03711 Btrect of low test temperature on the notch properties
3.025 Torsion atxl shear of annealed sheet, Plg. 3.03711.
3.026 Bearing 1.0372 Fracture toughness, (See 3. 0272).
3.027 &ress c.oocentration 3.038 Combined properties
3.0271 Notch properties, See 3.0371.
3.0272 Fracture toughness. No data Is available. Particular 3.04 Creep atxl Creep Rupture Properties
attention should be given to obtalnlng lnformation on this 3.041 Isochronous stress-strain diagram a
property for oU critical applications Involving elevated 3.0411 Isochronous stress strain curves for 0. 040 In sheet at
temperature exposures or low temperature servtce. 900P, Plg. 3. 0411. .
(See 1.09). 3.0412 Isochronous stressstraln curves for 0.090 In sheet at
3.0Z8 Combined properties 900P, Plg. 3, 0412. .
3.042 Time temperature parameters.
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures 3.0421 Larson atxl Mlller creep deformation parameter plot
3.031 Tension !or compressor forging given single anneal, Pig.
3.0311 Streasstrsln diagrams. (See 3. 041). 3.0421.
3.0312 Btrect at. teat temperature on the tensile properties 3.0422 Larson and Miller cr""'' deformation parameter plot
of &llllealed sh!!et, Pig. 3. 0312. for compreaaor forging given duplex anneal, Flg.
3.0313 Bffect ol. fln1ah rolling temperature on the room and low 3.0422.
temperature notch properties of annealed sheet, Plg. 3.043 Creep deformadoa curves.
3.0313. 3.043t' Creep deformation curves at 9001' for two heata ol
3.0314 Btrect ol. specimen location and dlrectlm relative to annealed sheet, Flg.' 3.0431.
rolling on tensUe properties at room and elevated 3.0432 Creep deformati011 curves at 11001' !or two heats at.
temperatures, l'lg. 3. 0314. annealed sheet, l'lg. 3. 0432.
3.0315 Btfect of tce~t temperature oo the te:oalle propenlea of 3.0433 Creep de!ormadoocurvea at various temperatures for
forgings, Pig. 3. 0315. a compressor forging, Plg. 3. 0433.

CODE 3717
PAGE 3
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS DECEMBER 1963

3.05 Pat!gue Pr!l!!5des 4.03 ~

Ti 3.051 GeDeral. The limited data &Yallable IDdlcatea !bat 4.031 GeDeral. <Wy limited aperleDce basbeea reported.
lbe &Yex&ge cycle life is essentially Ullll1fected by n; fusJoa IIIII rea1.ataDte weldlqr is rl!l'dllJ' KCOII!pllabed
7 AI 11118tressed elevated temperature exposure but lbst lbe by ~8 COOUDOII to other tltaDlum sllOJ'B IIIII gtye
scatter is lbcressed by sucb expc11111reo bJgh Joblt efflc1eDcy. Appareudy n; fusJoa welda are
12 Zr 3,052 Pallpe atr~ of two beata of....,..,:"" sheet before somonvbat more Ddl 111!1181dve dwalbe parem metal.
IIIII alter elevated temperature ""1,-ure. 'Iable 3.052. (Ccmpare Pljr, 3, 0313 &lid Pig. 4. 0321), Stress relle1Dg
Is DeCe&sary to mlnlmJze atress c:orZoodoa (See 2. 03).
bo!nrrer, temper.rurea bel- 1200F llbould be avoided
bec&use of lbe resu1t11w embrlu!tim-. (See FJ&'.
4. 0321). The recommeaded atress relief temperature
is 1300P, 45 mlmaes. air cool, (See Table 4.0322), .
TABLB3.052
The weld metal is llll8lallle Uta lbe pu- llbeeto (See
ISnooW">" tim Table 4. 0323), but tnsumdeat data are avaflsHe to
nov TI~7Ai~i2Zr
IPorm
ICnndlrlnn 1650F. lmln. u~
0. 063 In sheet

jstres1
5P. 30mln. A
!Fatigue lll:rellgtb-b
.. 4.032
4.0321
determine wbelber lbe weld metal is worse or better
In Ibis respect. (See also n -6At-4V).
Pwdoa weldlqr
Bffect of 1- test temperalllre IIIII post weld beat
ratln Sttess t ;:?rJes treatmeat 011 lbe Ddl lllrliOII8dl of n; welda 1D llbeer,
Method A R Coac. lo4 1 1o6 107 PJ&'. 4.0321.

1000 hr Bxpo1111re
"evbellll ... -1 Smooth
4.0322 Bffect of YUloua stress relief beat treatmeats oe lbe
tezulfie properties of n; welded sbeer, ;rloble .f. 0322.
Temp
Heat A
Not exposed 110 67 50 40
OOo to UOOF 105 67 50 40
Heat B
Not exposed WI 67 50 40
900 to UOOP 105 67 50 40
0
Heat A TABLB ( 0322
Heat 8 Source .f
Allov Tl-7All:I.Zr
Form 0.0621Daheet
Ann 1650F, TIG welded
Cood1doe 30mla, AC + stress relief
3.06 Blastic Pr!!F!rtie 200F, 1300P. llOOF, 200F 1300lj
3.061 l'olssoo's rsdo Sttess 3hr, ~/4 tu: 1 br, 3hr, 3/flu;
3.062 Modulus of elasticity Relief Naa. AC AC ~ AC AC AC
3.0621 Bffect of temperature 011 lbe elastic modulus of sbeer, Ftu - 1<111 137 137 138 153 144 154 148
Pig. 3, 0621. F - 1<111 125 127
3.063 Modulus of rigidity e(7tD)-percenl
e(2 ill) -percen
23
-
22
-
128 130 138 130
22 u.s
- 7.0 2,0
-. - -
9.5
134
12

FABRICATION

4.01 Pormahlllty
4.011 Geueral. The slloy 18 somewbat lltltfer during bot
tormq lb8ll other t1taDlum slloys but 18 worked
sstlstactorfiy us!JW ciiiiYadmlal equ~pm-.
4.012 Porgq. Start 2050F awdmum. Plnlab 1600F
minimum.
Rolling. lntermcdlate roll!JW temperature tor &beet
bar 1880 to 1890F. PIDJ.sb sheet rolling 1750F.
4.0323 Bffect of c:nep stress &lid temperature oe lhe retaiDed
Formq. See TI-8Al-1Mo-1V . teiUIOe properties of n; welded sheet gtyeo several
stress reUef beat treatm--., Table .f. 0323.

TABLB4 0323
Is-.,., (6}
Allnv
7All2Zr
IP~
0. 062 In sheet
ICon:llrtnn TIG welded+ HT
!...... .,._, hw~ld... lOP hP. u;o;r, !II' AC
150 hr exposure 800F 1000P 800F I COOP 800F 1000P
Temp aDd ltress None 65bl 25 Its! None 65 Its! 25bl None 65 kat 25 tal
Creep def percent
Retained RT propenles
- 0.07 0.29 - 0.06 0.31 - 0.03 0.05
Fru - Its! 152 151 160 15& 157 162 141 HS 141
F~- ksl 129 136 146 138 144
e 1 Ill) - perc- 148 .126 131 136
7.5 7.0 3.0 9.5 4.0 3.0 11 8.0 3.0

4.033
4.0331

CODE 3717
PAGE 4
 Tl

DECEMBER19G3 NONFE.RROUS ALLOYS

i .
\.__./ 4. CU Heat Treaaneat 180 TI7AI-12Zr
See TJ. Commercially pure SHEET, L Tl
4. 05 Surface Treaaneat I 7 AI
4. 051 Geaeral. In common with Other titanium alloys, this
alloy ls subject to embrlttlement by Interstitial elemeat
160
o6
e4
0. 090 IN 1650F, 30 MIN(vACI
0.040 IN 1600F, 4 HR, AC
ffi 12 Zr
coatamlnstion. (e.g. See T1-6AI-4V). Particular +16001', 1 HR, AC+O.OOS PICKLE(3)
care should be taken to avoid or to remove surface

-
Fro
layers cOntamlnsted with C, 02. H2 of. N;z. U the Iii 140 -'{1-
160
alloy Ia to be used at elevated temperatures, (See 1. 09), :w: ~/{"~ ,__.....;..-
4. 052 Bffect of. surface removal by plcldlng on the teD8Ue _;c- .....
elongation of. annealed sheet before and after elevated
temperature expoaure, Plg. 4. 052,
...... ?- ' ,, 1

"~ '
--~--x- ... ............. 1
100 --v
,""
_,. [_.......- l--'"'"
I~
30
---- TY ..
100
oe NOT EXPOSED
A 1020 P, 48 HR of 0. 005 IN
t;, 1000P 25 KSI, 150 HR
PICK1 EXPOSBD
... 20
ffi
. I'

- .

(j
0:
IE :e(21~ !"'--
---...... .........
10 .06 e(l IN)
...........

0
1600
I
1700
t;,

1800
/;.

1900 2000 2100

FINISH ROLLII'C TEMP F
PIG. 3.02122 EFFECT OF FINiSH ROLLII'C TEMPERATURE
AND EXPOSURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
ANNEALED SHEET FROM TWO HEATS
(7) (3)

180 TI7AI-12Zr 160 r---,---.,---...,...--~T.,..I~A"'I'"'"'Il"'Z,......r

SHEET, 16SOF, 30 MIN, AC
0.040 IN SHEET
1300F, 2 HR, "'AC,PC
L T TIIICKIN
l40 ~~~~~--~..n.--t+~A~N~N~,~~~M~I~N~,~A~C~

160 180
0 0.020 1 L 160
6 0.062
c 0.090
Iii 140 160
:w:

i=
11.
Iii
:w:
120 140 ~
12011.
~
11.
e NOT EXPOSF.O,
A 1000 P, 150 HR }
100 120 20 1000 P, 30 KSI, 150 HR EXPOSBD 100

20 100
~
w
(j
0:
....
.Ill
10
e(l IN) .
1700 1750 1850 1900 0~--~-----L~--~--~----~
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900
FINISH ROLL1i'C TEMP F
ANNEALII'C TEMP F
PIG. 3;02121 EFFECT OF FINISH ROLLI!IK':
TEMPERATURE ON TilE TENSILE PIG. 3.02131 EFFECT OF ANNEALII'C TEMPERATURE
PROPERTIES OF SHEET AT ~F.VERAL AND EXPOSURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
TIIICKNESSES (6) OF SHEET (3)

CODE 3717
PAGE
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS DECEMBERI963

i J

Ti
0.3
TI-7Al-12Zr
SHEET,L
160
JTI-7Al-12Zr
SHBBT
'---'
1650 P, 30 MIN, AC, L
7 AI
0.2
ANN, AC
I 4(1600-1700 LB)HBATS
T
160
12 Zr eo
6
0.090 IN
0.0621N
1 _.. TU.
lr
0.1 120
....
1l IT
0 20
FTY rw- 120
160
I 11...
!.I.
lil
w
' 140
1 e(2 IN)
o. 040 o. 080 o. 120
j:!
TIIICKNESS - IN
"' PIG. 3.0216 AVERAGE AND SPREAD OF
120 ~~~~~~~~~~~--;140 lil LO~ITUDINAL TENSILE

.
w PROPERTIES FOR VARIOUS
TIIICKNESS SHEETS ROLLED
FROM FOUR HEATS (4)

0'-----L------- JL-----'-----'
1400 1600 1700
1500 1800
(2HR) (lHR) (30MIN) (30MIN)
ANNEAL!~ TBMP - F
PIG. 3.02132 EFFECT OF ANNEAL!~ TEMP-
ERATURE AND CREEP EXPOSURE
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
SHEET (6)

160
" TI-7AI-12Zr
180

Q.090 IN SHEET
1_650 P ,30 MIN, AC 160 r---..---...--::T~I-'=7A7.1:""-l:-:::2:=Z-,r
+ 50 HR EXPOSURE
~ 160 lil SHEET 1650F, 30 MIN, AC, T
~ ..:
FTU
I 4(1600-1700LB) HEATS

l.-1\
20
-
~
FTY

120
\
e(1 IN)
/
~
~ ......-!

0
RT 100 900 1000 1100 1200 TIIICKNESS - IN
0 KSI 65 KSI 45 KSI 25 KSI 10 KSI 0 KSI
FIG. 3.0217 AVERAGE AND SPREAD OF
J!XPOSURE TBMP - F TRANSVERSE TENSILE
PIG. 3.02142 EFFECT OF CREEP EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES FOR VARIOUS
AND STRESS ON TilE RETAINED TBNSILE TI!ICKNESS SHEETS ROLLED
(4) FROM FOUR HEATS (4)
PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED SHBBT

CODE 3717 I
PAGE e j
 I I

DECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\ }
-_/
~------~--~-----,-~~A~I--12~~,.,
0. 062 IN SHEET. L
Ti
7 AI
~----~----~----~--~2~ 12 Zr
0 MILL ANN 1350F. 8 HR. FC
e 1650 P,30 MIN.AC

!SOUl
:w:

100
i:
140"'

60 100

40 ~

!i
"'
u 20
..."'"" e(21N) I .1 ,.,AI-12~
O.~INSHEET

0 400 BOO 1200 ROLLED FRa.l 17~F

140 MILL ANN 1350F, 8 R
TEMP F FINISH ANN 1650F, 30 MIN, AC
FIG. 3. 0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA11JRE

~ ~-
Fn ll[)
ON 'IHE TENSILE PROPER111!5 OF
ANNEALED SHEET (4) 120 lm

J
100

Fro FlU
- 140

80
Pn
- - 120

li!
w
60 100 '
200 RT
~F I OOF l-
180
OL
eT IFTY rp;:; - 80

li!
:w:
1~

30
_....
140

-65 p 20
e(2 IN) je<2 I~ ~~ ~
120
RT ~-~- ~-~

1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 A3 Cl C2 E2 A3 CI C2 E2 A3 CI C2 E2

FINISH ROLLI!ID TEMP F SPECIMEN LOCATION
FIG. 3. 0313 I!FFECT OF FINISH ROLLIKl TEMP FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF SPECIMEN LOCATION AND DIRECTION
ERA lURE ON 'IHE Rrod AND LOW RELATIVE TO ROLLI!ID ON TENSILE PROPERTII!S
TEMPERA lURE NOTCH PROPERTII!S AT Rrod ANO ELEVATED TEMPERATURI!S
OF ANNEALED SHEET (4) (4, p. 123)

CODE 3717
PAGE 7
 Ti
i
I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS DECEMBER 1963
!I
'l Ti
200
TI~~AI-12Zr )
! C<Jo/IPRESSOR FORGINGS
(
"----'
l 7 ~I
160
ANN
200
,__12
_ _ Zr
__ Iii 00 211/2 INDIA x I 1/2 IN (9)
4

' ---
:.:
0
120 I 60
.f r---, Fro ~
l... !il
80
"t,.. :.:
I 20'

'~ FTY l-
4 0 1600F, 4 HR, AC - 80
~
-y
0 1750F, I HR, AC
+ 1300F, 8 HR, AC
0
40

20
--
~ :..---- e(4D) ,. -.--, .:l
b.....
0
a

4
0

0-e--- RA
: .. ~

---
1'1

20 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 0315 I!FFI!CT OF TI!SrTI!MPI!RA TURI! ON.THI! TI!NSILI!
PROPI!RTII!S OF FORG!~S (8) (9)

260
Tl7AI-12Zr
0.062 IN SHI!BT
16SOF, 30 MIN, AC
220

180

!il
"' 140
---
100
~ r
r IN
0.020
0.005
Kt
3
6
60L---~--~--~4~0-~00~~~~~
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 +100
TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 03711 I!FFI!CT OP LOW TBSr TEMPI!RATURB ON
THB NOTCH PROPBRTII!S OP ANNEALBD
SHBBT (4)

CODE 3717
PAGE 8
 Ti
DECEMBER i963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\.,_./i

-
n-7AI-12Zr
0.040 IN SHBBT
80
1650P, 30 MIN, AC Ti
~
900P
7 AI
70
~ ..,. 12 Zr
/
60
1/ :....--
...

50
I

lil40 I
I
looC

30

20
I
I
0 0 HR INlTIAL Sl"RESS
STRAIN CURVI!)
10HR
6 100 HR
10
e 500 HR

0
!/ A 1000 HR

I
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8
PBRCI!Nr

FIG 3.0411 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS-STR AIN CURVBS FOR 0,040 INCH SHBBT
AT 900 P (11, p. 35)

v
;
\._...,, 80
~ n-7Al-12Zr

.~
0.090 IN SHBBT

v/.
650F, 30 MIN. AC
70

;~ l/
60
v
50
j~
Iii
looC

40 1
30 I
20 I
10
I 0

A

0 HR (INITIAL STRESS

10HR
100HR
STRAIN CURVI!)

500 HR
1/ 1000 HR

0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8

PBRCBNT
PIG. 3.0412 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVBS FOR 0.090 INCH SHBBT
AT900P (ll,p.U)
;----- ....,
CODE 3717
PAGE 9
I I

NONFERROUS ALLOYS DECEMBER 1963

70
Ti n-7At-12 Zr
60 COMPRBSSOR WHBBL PORGOO
7 AI 1600P, 4 HR, AC
50
12 Zr
40

Iii 30
:..:

20 CRBBP
0 0.05%
0.1%
... 0.2%
0.5%

10 26
28 30 32 34
P (T + 460) (20 + LOG t) x 10"3
PIG. 3.042i LARSON-MILLER CREEP DEFORMATION PARAMETER PLOT
FOR
COMPRESSOR FORGI!'.C GIVEN A SI!'.CLE ANNRAL
(9, p. 80)

70
TI7AI-12 Zr
60 COMPRBSSOR WHEEL FORGI
17SOF, I HR, AC
so +
1300F, 8 HR, AC

40

Iii 30
:..:

20
CRBBP
0 0.05%
. ll.1 %
... 0.2%
0.5%

1026 28 30 32 34
P "(T + 460) (20 + LOG t) x to3
PIG. 3.0422 LARSON-MILLER CRBEP DEFORMATION PARAMETER PLOT
FOR
COMPRESSOR FORGII'.C GIVEN A DUPLEX ANNEAL
(9, p. 81)

CODE 3717
PAGE 10
 DECEMBER 1963
NONFERROUS ALLOYS'

\ ) 80 n-7AI-12Zr
Ti
"--' Ti7AI12Zr COMPRESSOR FORGim
SHEI!T 1600P, 4 HR, AC
7 AI
1650P, 30 MIN, A
...... ....
''
60
~
- ~ r--- ---- SOOF
12 Zr

70~---'~--~~--~~~~~~~--,_, t-;-- 900P

A
900P "-..JIJ,_

60 CRBBP
o ao.1%
oeo.2
AA0.5
20
A
-
A
- 1000F

HOOP

50 j-:<>:....:...:1~.0=----+----f------+----'~
0 0 ll. ()HEAT A, 0.090 IN SHI!ET
0
,- .
0.1\lr, DEFORMATION

eA. HEAT B, 0.040 IN SHI!ET

5 10 50 100 500
TIM!! HR
50 100 500 1000 FIG. 3. 0433 CREEP DEFORMATION CURVES AT VARIOUS TI!MP
TIMB HR ERATURES FOR A COMPRESSOR FORGING (8)

F:G. 3.0431 CREEPDEFORMATIONCURV ESAT900F FOR TWO

HEATS OF ANNEALI!O SHEET (10,p.18)

so~-----r---r----------~--~-----~T~I-~7~Ar.~,2~Z~r,
SHEET
1650F, 30 MIN, A

18
n-'7Al-12Zr
ANN SHI!BT
.,
0

' ..... ....... ~(STrC)

....

A.
0 0 l> ()HEAT A, 0,090 IN SHBBT
e HEAT B, 0.040 IN SHI!BT
IOL--------~~--~IO~---------L--~100~--------L--~1000~ 12
0
e
0
~0.062 IN SHEET,
1650 P, 30 MIN, AC(4)

1575 P,30 MIN,AC (3)

200 400 600
- - ~~

A }AVG. L, T 0,0400.125 IN SHI!ET,

800
- 1000
TIME- HR TBMPP

FIG. 3.0432 CREEP DEFORMATION CURVES AT llOOF FOR TWO HEATS OF PIG. 3.0621 BPPECT OF TBMPBRATURB ON BLASTIC
ANNEALI!O SHEET (10, p.19) MODULUS OF SH3BT (3)(4)

CODE 3717
PAGE II

e
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS DECEMBER 1963

300
Ti n-'7AI-l 2Zr
0, 062 IN SH EST
7 AI TIG WBLO+ HT
260
12 Zr . HT
f-- NONE
f--A UOOF, I HR, AC
220
',' - 16SOP, 30 MIN, AC

.... ~ . . .
Iii
:.I
~:v
180 .......
..,... ~ ~ ... ::::....... _
..."':::::: ""'
140
-NOTC H
/-- -~
S'l'lWIGT II 1Cr 6
FOR SPECIMEN SEE PIG, 3,0313
/ NUMBER OF CYCLES
PIG. 4,0331 BFFBCT OF AXIAL LOAD CYClJN.:' ON LIPB .OF SPOT
NOTCH /IT WELD CENTER LINE
100 WELDS IN SHEET
(10)
-400 -300 200 100 0 100
TEMP F
FIG. 4.03~1 EFFECT OF LOW TEST TEMPER A1lJREA ND
POST WELD HBAT TRBA'IM BNT ON 1l!E
NOTCH STRENG TII OF TIG WELDS IN SHEET
(4, p.I33-13S )

30
CREEP TI7AI-1 2Zr n-7Al-1 2Zr
0.1% 0.090 IN WELDED SHEET 1600P, 4 HR, VAC FC
80 0.2% i'.... 16SOF, 30 MIN, AC +PICKL E
c.
~
0.5% 20 RT
1.(1%
.....
TIG WELDED Wl1l! PARENT
r-,META L FILLER e(2 IN) .
~ 0 L
.....
70 ' .....
',
.............
..... ,
~

' '
....
' .....
.... ~
I/ e NOT Hxi'OSED
0 EXPOSED lOOOF, ISO HR

0
60 0 4 8 12 16
10 100 TIIICKNESS RSDUCTION 0.001 IN 1000
TIMB HR FIG. 4.052 EFFECT OF SURFACE REMOVA
L BY
FIG. 4.0324 CREEP DEFORMATION CURiiES AT 900F FOR TIG PICKLING ON 1l!B TRNSILI! BLONG
WELDED SHEET ATION OF ANNEALED SHEI!T BEFORE
(ll,p.20) AND AFTER ELEVAT ED TEMPER ATURE
EXPOSURE (3)

CODE 3717
PAGE 12
 Ti
DECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

)
Ti
7 AI
12 Zr

RBFBRBNCES

Luodstrom, H.M., Ref,Ctlve Metal Producu, Nlleo

Ohio, Private Commllllicottaa wllh Brown, W. F., Jr.
2 !bJJiard Pressed Steel Co., Jeuldntown, I'll,, "SPS
Speclfleadoa for TIIDDium Alloy Hlgb 'Temperature
SPSM-179, (Jaauary 31, 1963)
3 Dletzei~J.K. , Seagle, S. R. and Berte&, 0,, "Maaufact
ure ~ 7Al12Zr eheet", FI.Dal Report, Nova! Bureau
~ Aer utica Coatract NOa(s) 59-6229-c, Rea~'tlve
Metal~, lDc., Niles, Ohio, (January 1962)
!loy, 'D. L. and Keslller, H. 0., "!llmmary Report
Tl<anlum Sheet Rolllag Program for 1'lbhl-1Mo1V,
5AI5Sa5Zr and 7Al12Zr", TMCA Bureau~ Naval
Wespoos Cootract N0uS9-6227c, (December 15, 1961)
5 Ibid. Tweltlb BlmODihly ileport, (September 14, 1961)
6 Ibid. l!leventh BlmODihly Report, (AprD 30, 1961)
7 Ibid, Nllldi Bimonthly Report, (December 1960)
8 Seagle, S.R., "Evaluation~ 1'17Al12Zr F~~r~~~ and
llsr Pr:lducts", lleactive Metal Product8, Nlleo, Ohio,
Research Report lOOOR <130, (JUDe 7, 1962)
9 Greeolee, M. L. and Broodwell, R.G., "~nag
Properties <i Hfsb Temperature IXJpet Alpha Alloyo",
TMCA, New York. N.Y., (July 1, 1963)
10 Moyen, D. B., "DOD High Strength Tltlllllwn Alloy
Sheet Reaeardt Program", North American Aviation,
Progress Repon N.J. 17, Bureau~ Naval Wespoua
Contra.:t NOao S178Sd, (May 31, 1962)
11 Lwnm, J, A. and Meyero, D. B., "IXD HJgb Strength
Tltaulwn Alloy Sheet Resesrc:b l'rqfram", Notth
American Avlatlaa, Flnal Report, Bureau ol Naval
Weapoos Coatract l'lOas 78Sd, (September 28, 1962)

CODE 3717
PAGE 13
 II
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
J.L SHANNON AUTHOR

1.042 User's specl!le d composi tion for bar and forginge ,

1. GENERA L Table l.042. Ti
Thls 1s a. super-a.lpba. titanium alloy ha.vlng an alpha- TABLE 1.042 6 AI
by
stabilize d Ti-Al matrix solld solution strength ened Sn
the a.dditlons of tin and zinloniu m. The beta.-sta bUiz- Sourcl' Lycomin g (19) 2
ing a.dditlon, mol:ybdenum, increa.se s room and Welgbt Percent 4 Zr
elevated tempera ture tensile strength and stability . Min Max
Tbe alloy is used primari ly in jet engine compre ssor Aluminum 5.50 6.50 2 Mo
pa.rls and alrfra.m e skin compone nts. Tin 1.75 2.25
The alloy possess es good strength properti es up to Zirconiu m 3.50 4,50
1000 F, exceedln gT1-8Al -1Mo-1V and for tbe Molybdenum 1.75 2.25
annealed conditio n, T1-6Al-4V. On a. strength to weight
ba.sis it 1s also superio r to Ti-679. Its creep proper-
Iron
Carbon
-- 0,3!)
0.10
ties a.re better tban T1-6Al-1Mo-1V and about equal
to
Nitrogen - 0,05
Ti-679. The alloy is more suscepti ble to solld salt OXygen - 0,15
stress corrosio n tban Ti-679 but less suscepti ble tban
Hydrogen - 0,0125
T1-6Al- 4V, T1-8Al-1Mo-1V and Ti-SAl- 2.5 So in tbe Titanium Balance
t&
range of commer cial m111 products and heat treatmen
Its formabi lity and weldabil ity compare favorabl y witb *U determin ed.
otber titanium alloys.

1.01 Comme rcial Designat ion

6Al-2Sn -4Zr-2M o Tltan!!lm Alloy. 1.043 User's specl!le d composi tion for sheet, strip, plate,
bar, forgings , rings, forged parte and compres sor
1.02 Alternat e Designa tion bla.des and vanes, Table 1, 043.
None.
TABLE 1.043
1.03 Specl!ica.tlons
Table 1,03
Source General Electric (20)
TABLE 1.03 Weight Percent
Min Max
Form Condition SoecL!Ication 5.75 6,50
Aluminum
1.75 2.25
Tin
Sheet, Strip and Plate Duplex and Triplex General Electric 3,50 4.50
Zirconiu m
B50TF2 1-S1
Iron -- 0.12
0.10
Carbon
Bars, Forging s Duplex General Electric
Nitrogen - 0.05
and Rings B50TF2 2-SI
Oxygen - 0.15

Duplex Lycomin g
Hydrogen - Balance
0,0125
Bare and Forging s Titanium
M3406
Total otber olemont s, 0,30 percent max (need not be de.termlned)
Forged Pa.rls Duplex General Electric
C50TF7 -S1

Compre ssor Duplex General El.x:tric

1.05 Heat Treatme nt
C50TF8 -S2
Blades and Vanes This alloy Is used in eltber a. duplex or triplex annealed
conditio n. The first cycle of eltbor treatmen t Is a.
solution anneal (1650 F, alpha. solution anneal or a.
1750 F, alpha.+ bet:l solution anneal). The sub-
tion
sequent 1450 F beating cycle for sheet Is a stabiliza
anneal ba.vlng little or no elfect on room tempera ture
Compos ition
1.04 tensile properti es. Tbe final 1100 F heating cycle for
1.041 Produce r's specl!le d compc;sitlon, Table 1.041. triplex annealed sheet and duplex annealed bar and
forgings produce s a. modest Improve ment In room
TABLE 1.041 tsmpera lure tensile strength indicatin g some aging
takes place; this treatme nt Is sometim es referred
to
~-
T.M.C. A. (10, p. 1)
Source
Weight Pereent
-- a.s a. stablllza tlon age.

Min Max
1. 051 Sh~: 1650F, 1/2 -hour, atr cool +"1450F,
6.5
Aluminu m 5.5 1/4 -hour, alr cool. Triplex: 1650 F, 1/2 -hour,
2.2 -
Tin 1.8 atr cool+ 1450 F, 1/4 -hour, alr cool+ 1100 F, 2
4.4 t
Zirconiu m 3,6 hours, atr cool. Tbe second cycle of eltber treatmen
2.2
Molybcienum 1.8 Is deslgaed to be compati ble witb forming operatio ns
Iron - 0.25
such a.s bot sizing, The addition al 1100 F, 2 - hours
Ca.rilon - 0.05
treatmen t 1s also compati ble witb certain bot forming
- 0.05
operatio ns or may be added as an aging treatmen t
Nitrogen
Oxygen - 0.12
o. 0100 - B11let foliowlng tbe bot sizing operatio n If higher unlaxW
strength at room tempera ture 1s desired. Tbla triplex
Hydroge n { 0.0125 - Bar
0.0150 - Sheet &
Forging s
treatmen t ha.s no deleterio us elfect on sba.rp notch
tensile strength and produce s superio r creep
resistan ce and smootb tensile strength stability , Thls
Ba.lance
Titanium Ia offset, however , by poorer austalne d load !allure
Any one otber element , 0. 10 percent max cba.ract srlstlcs in salt water environm ent and poorer
Total, other element s, 0. 30 percent max sharp noteh strength stability .

CODE 3718
PAGE I
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS
1.0G2 Bar and Forgings. Less than 2 1/2 - Inch section:
Ti 1750 F, 1 -hour, air cool+ 1100 F,. 8 -hours, air
cool. Greater than 2 1/2 - inch secUon: 1650 F,
6 AI 1 hour, air cool + 1100 F, 8 - hours, air cool; or,
17~0 F, 1- hour, air cool+ 1100 F, 8- hours, air
2 Sn cool.
The 1650. F soluUon anneal wtlh an 1100 F, 8 -hour
4 Zr stablllzaUon age provides somewhat higher tensile
2 strenglhs al room and elevntcd temperalurcs and
Mo fatigue strength as good or better !han that for lhe
higher solution annealed temperature (1750F). The
1-Jgher solution anneal wllh !he same stabilization
age provides superior creep resistance at elevated
temperatures, improved &lability, somewhat higher
room temperalure notch stress rupture 'strength,
and better notch bend and pre-crack Charp) Impact
energy.
Recently it has been found !hat an even higher solution
anneal temperature of 1790 F (beta - 25 F) for bar ar.d
forgings produces superior creep resistance,
particularly during second stage creep (see Table
3. 04015), and improved room temperature mild notch
stress-rupture lifo (see Table 3. 0423).
Faster quenching from lho solution temperature in
media olhcr !han air improvcu tensile strength wllh
a sacrifice In creep resistance.
1.00 Hardness
Stabilization aging at 1100 F raises lhc solution
annealed t~nsilu strength of this alloy about lC- ksl
indicating only slight hardcnabillty. Sections up to
3-in, In the recommended duple" condition, Cl<hlblt
uniform tensile rropertl~s throughout; however. water
quenching from lhe solution anneai treatment followed
by a stabilization age produces a 15- kat strength
differential from center to outside.
Thus the alloy hllll hardening characteristics about
like Ti-6Al-4V, 17).
1.061 Effect of c"posure to elevated temperature on room
temperature hardness of duple" annealed sheet,
Figure 1. 061.
1,07 Forms and Conditions Available
Billet, bar, e><truslons, plate, sheet, strip, (17).
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice.
1.09 Special Considerations
Stability-General. For mnny high-temperature
applications, the usefulness of a partlculr.r alloy Is
limited by Its elevated-temperature olablllty. 'This
property Is commonly evaluated from room tem"ler
nture tensile tests on specimens provlously 1JQ>scd
to elevated temperatures \\ith and with<>ut !ond.
Because of !he lmportnnce of this prope:-ty for
critical applications, a largo body of su~h lcuormntion
has been accumulated for TI-6Al-2Sn-IZ;-2JIIo alloy.
The effect of eJcposure on room temperature smooth
tensile properties for shoot, bar Md forgings In the
whole rnngo of commercia! sizes nrc preeentcd In
figures and tables from 3.02110 through 3.02126.
Exposure eUects on room temperature notch tensile
properties of sheet are presented In Figures 3. 02718
through 3. 02721. Limited dntn on lhc effect or c"-
posurc on the room temperature shear strength or
sheet arc presented in Figure 3.0251. The Influence
of forging Md annoailng temperature on the clcvated-
temperaturo stability of forgings Ia given In Tables
4,0121 and4.0122. A single sot or dntaon lhc effect
of elevated temperature e><posure on lho smooth tensile
properties of shoot nt lho oxposure tomporaturo Is
. presontod In Figure 3. 03119.
The c><tent to which room temperature properties will
be nffectod by previous o><posurc will depend on lhc
form and condition of lho product as well liS the time,
temperature and stress level of e><posure. While !he
avn!lable dnta arc e><tenslvc, !hoy are not systematic
COD 3718
PAiiE 2
MARCH 1968
and no firm generailzatlons can be made alibis time.
However, the following conclusions appear to be
supported by lhe present results.
Stab!Uty - 150 - hour: For sheet In bolh !he duple>< and
triple>< annealed conditions, 150-hour e><posure at
1000 F, 25-kal produces no deleterious effect on
subsequent room temperaluro tensile properties. This
Is true aiso for c><posure at lower temperalurcs and
higher stress levels; for e><amplo 900 F at 45- kat nnd
800 F at 65-ksl (Figure 3, 02112, Table 3. 02113 and
Figure 3. 02115). Likewise 100-bour exposure to
1000 F wllhout load produces no loss in room temper-
ature sharp notch tensile strength of either
duple>< or triple" annealed sheet (Figures
3. 0:718 and 3. 02720).
Duple>< annealed rolled bar may or may not be
nff~'Ct.,;. by e><posures of 150 ilour w!Ut lond nt temper-
atures up to lOOOF dP.pen:llnp: on the exposure stress.
At 25 kat stress level nu llractlcal loss In room
temperature smooth tcnt>!le properties Is observed
('ruble 3.02117) while nt JO ksl a sensible loss In
ductility Is observed (FiirJrc 3. 02116). Bar rolled In
lhe beta region Is unaffected by 150 hour e><posure at
1000F, 30 kal (Table 3.02120).
Forged bar In the recommended duple>< annealed
condition exposed 150 hour up to 1000F. 25 ksl e"-
hlbltn no loss In subsequent room tewl>ernture smooth
tensile properties (Figure 3.02122 and Table 3.02123).
Contrasting results wore obtained from forged
compressor wheels (Tables 3.02124 nnd 3.02125).
Tho hub location In one whocl c"poscd at SOOF. 70 ksl,
150 hour showed losses In elongation nnd reduction of
area (Table 3.02124). Olher locations In the same
forging, however, wore unaffected. A second wheel
forging showed a loss In ductility r.f<ur exposure nt
1000F, 35 ksl, 150 hour (Table 3,02125).
Stability-Long Time: 1000 hour exposure up to 1000F
wllhout load has no deleterious nffeet on subse<(UCnt
room tcmpe1-nture tensile prooertleu of duplex
annealed sheet (Figure 3.02111). In contrast, 1000 hour
\ ..._.
exposure with load produces n serious loss In ductility
at 900F (20 ksl) for duplex nnnealcd sheet and at 1000F
(10 ksl) for triplex annealed sheet (Table 3. 02114) At
95\1F (15 ksl) no damage Is done to triplex annealed
sheet for 1000 hour exposure (Table 3. 021H). 1t
uppoars from these limited results that the triplex
annealed condition Is more stable than the duple"
condition.
Figures 3.02718 to 3.02721 show the Influence of e"-
posure to ele\atod temperature without load on the
subsequent room tompcmturc sharp notch strength of
sheet. This property I a sensitive Indicator of
Instability and revenln the onset of serious embrittle
ment at 900F for exposure times of 100 hour and
1000 hour for both duplex and triplex annealed
conditions.
Bar In !he rc.:omm~nded o.lupleK annealed condition
exrJOed 1000 hours with load at temperatures up to
1000F exhibits no slgnlflcr.nt Instability (Table 3.02118).
However, for longer exposure times n loss ln room
tcmpcrntur.o tens!IP i!'ctillty IF <bserved at lower
t~mrornwres (Table 3.02119). Thus n marked re-
ductlnn In duc!.lllty Is Incurred In 3000 hours at 825F.
47.5kal.
No long time exposure data a<o nvnl>nble for forging.
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
2.01 Thermal Properties
2.0ll Melting range. Approldmntely 3000 t',
2.012 Phase changes. Beta transua, 1815 F "! 10 F.
Variations In oxygen level will nffect tho botn transu
temperature, as O><fgcn Ia a strong alpha alabillzer.
M~ temperature Is ab<>ut H70 F and Mf temperature
Is about 1415 F.
2. 0121 lsolhormlll tlnc-temperaturc-trnnaformatlon diagram,
Figure 2. 0121.
2.013 Thermlll conductivity.
;i-:
'-':-,~~
1,_ 2,0131 Thermal conductivity o duplex annealed sheet, 2.0!121 Solid salt stress corrosion susceptibility temperature
Figure 2. 0131. !or Ti-GAl-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo and two other alloys, Ti
2.0132 Thermal conductivity of duplex Bllnealcd bar, Figure Table 2. 0321.
2.0132. 6 AI
2.014 Thermal expansion.
2,0141 Thermal exp1111s1on for duplex annealed sheet, Figure 2 Sn
2.0141. TABLE 2,0321
2.0142 Thermal expansion for duplex annealed bar, Figure
4 Zr
2.0142. Source Southern Research (l,p.l31)
2,015 Specific heat.
2 Mo
Ti-5Al-5Sn-5Zr Ti-5Al-5Sn-5Zr- T1-6Al-25n-4Zr-
2.0151 Specific heat for duplex annealed sheet, Figure 2. 0151 . 1Mo-1V 2Mc
2.0152 Specific bent for duplex annealed bnr, Figure 2. 0152. 0.040-inch Sheet 0. 040-lnch Sheet o. 040-lncb Sheet
1650 F, 1/2 Hr, 1550F, 1/2Hr, 1650 F, 1/2 Hr,
AC AC + AC +
1400 F, 1/4 Hr, 1450 F, 1/4 Hr,
AC AC
100-ksiExposure at 100-kai Exposure at 100-kai Exposure at
Temp Time- Embrlt Temp Time- Embrlt- Temp Time- Embrlt
F Hr tied F llr tied F Hr tied
2.02 Other Physical. Properties
2.021 Density. 0.164lb percu ln, 4,5-! grpercu em. 450 100 No 450 100 No 450 100 No
2,022 Electrical resistivity. 450 457 No 450 200 No 450 200 No
2.0221 Electrical resistivity of duplc..-:.lli1Donled sheet, 450 457 No 450 457 No 450 457 No
Figure 2.0221. -.. 450 457 No 450 457 No
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic. 550 100 No 450 457 No 450 457 No
2.024 Emissivity. 550 100 No
2.025 Damping capacity. 550 505 No 500 100 Yes 500 100 No
550 087 No 500 100 Yes 500 100 Yes
550 987 No 500 100 No
550 100 Yes 500 265 Yes
600 120 No 550 100 Yes 500 265 Yes
GOO 120 No
GO~ 333 No 550 100 Yea
GOO GOO YeA 550 100 Yea
600 GOO Yes
2.03 Chemical Properties
See also Ti-Commercially Pure, n--r.AI-IV, TlMl-
GOO GOO Yea
1Mo-1V and Ti-SAI-2.5 Sn.
650 100 Yes
2.031 Corrosion resiat1111cc. General. In common with
other UtWltum alloys, Ti-GAI-2Sn-17.r-2Mo Is 650 100 Yes
susceptible to solid salt stress corrosion at el<>vat<>d Embrittle mont Criterion: Specimen compressed
temperatures and exhibits d<>lay<>d failure or crncked along its longitudinal n.'la following exposure.
specimens at room temp:!rnturo In aqueous salt Specimen failure before ends compressed into
environments. Since only limited dntn arc nvallablc, contact considered cmbrittled.
a complete charnctcrlzatlon or this n!loy In terms or NaCI coatln~t
ita corrosion behavior c1111not be made nt this time. Self Stress Specimen
In general, however, it appcarR that this alloy Is more
susceptible to solid salt stress corrosion than THl79
but less susceptible than Ti-GAI-IV, Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V
1111d Ti-5Al-2.5 Sn In the range or commercial mill
products and heat treatments, (18). Delayed fuliure
chnrnctcristics or this alloy In nqu<'OUS salt solutions
2.0322 Hot snit crncklng chornclertstlcs or duplex 11!1Dealcd
are not sufficiently dovclopcd tD permit n comparison
sheet at 550, 800 and 1000 F, Figure 2. 0322.
with other commercial nlloys. 2.0323 llot salt cracking charactertsUcs or TI-GAI-2Sn-47.r-
2Mo and three other titanium alloys at 800 F, Figura
2.0323.
2.0324 Short lime hot salt cracking charactcrisls of Ti-6Al-
2Sn-!Zr-2Mo 1111d Ti-8Ai-1Mo-1V sheet at 800 F,
Figure 2. 0324.
2.0325 Short limo hot alt crDCklng characteristics of triplex
annealed sheet for static and cyclic test temperatures,
2.032 Solid salt corrosion. Because or the Importance of Figure 2. 0325.
solid salt stress corrosion properties in jet engine and 2.0326 Effect of exposure In dry salt on room temperature
:.trframe applications, 1111 attempt hns been madciD smooth tonsllo properties or duplex annealed sheet,
completely summarle the available data In this Figure 2. 032G.
section. 2.032'1 Effect of heat trsatrncnt and ihormal e."'''aure, with
Often thoro is a considerable difference in properlles 1111d without a salt environment, on room temperature
from boat to heat for a given alloy, rcfioctlng cross-tension strength C'l[ resistance spot wolds,
variations In composition or processing history. Thus Figure 2. 0327.
while meat or the comparative data presented in this 2.033 Delayed failure. Delayed failure charncterlstlcs or
section show a clear rating of T!-GA1-2Sa-!Zr-2Mo this alloy In aqueous salt environments show that
relative to other alloys, there is one exception. duplex annenllng Ia preferable ID mill or triplex
Figure 2. 0324 shows a single lnstlll1ce where the annealing, (fables 2,0332 and 2,0333) and that for
critical stress for the onset or solid salt stress either duplex or triplex conditions, the tendency for
corrosion cracking or this alloy Ia the same as that delayed {allure In salt solution increases with
for ono boat of Ti-8Al-1Mo --l.V. It Is beHoved (18), increase~ In sheet th!olmoss (Tab!" 2. 0332). This
however, that this heat of Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V Is exceptional thickness dcpcndcnco has also boon observed for
and not typi~al or the current m!ll product, Tl-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy, (21).

CODE 3718
PUE 3
 MAKt<H l'lttii:S

2.0331 Effect of 100-hour exposure to 3.5 percent NnClsolut!on 2.0333 Effect of heat treatment on failure time of center
Ti on subsequent room temperature smooth tensile fatigue cracked transverse sheet specimens tn snit
properties of duplex annealed compressor wheel water, Table 2. 0333.
6 AI forgings, Table 2. 0331.

2 Sn
4 Zr
TABLE 2.0333
2 Mo
Source T.M.C.A. 7 ~ .66
TABLE 2,0331 Allov Tl-6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
Form l o. 050 Inch Sheet
Source T.M.C.A. (2,p.20) (7,p.67)
Center Fatigue Crar,kcd Transverse Specimens
Alloy
Form
Ti-6AI-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
Compressor Wbeei Forging, 20 In din
..
Condition Ap;>lled Time to Rupture
Duplex Annealed He:tt Treat1ncnt

Temp
F
I
100-Hr NnCl Exposur
Stress
ksl 1350 F, 8-Hr, FC
Net Stress
ksl
B9.oi
tn 3.5 percent
NC l Solution
B rokc on Loading
1 G7.7
1750 F, 1-Hr, WQ + uoo ~. s-nr. AC
1 1 min
44.7 I 7 mtn
-
650
None
40
-
105
163
14&
149
14
11
40
1350 F. B-flr, FC + 1650 F, 1/2-flr.
36 80 > 73 Hr
650 50 162 148 11 34 AC + 14UO F, 1/4-llr, AC 85 > 12 nr
800
BOO
1000
32
42
21
161
161
164
147
147
152
13
3
5
39

10
I 100
LJO I> 43 Hr
> 6B Hr
1650 F ! Hr AC + 1100 F. 8-Hr. AC 1350 F, 8-Hr, FC + 1G50 F, 1/2-llr. BO > 4~ llr*
N~,n.- I Fa!~:~ dujrlng e~:su1re nfLer1~1 - 1llrs 3 AC + 1450 F, 1/4-Hr, AC t 85 > 42 Hr
-;;;;;
1ooo
-;
u
All tests tn axial direction
13B 1 128 1 1r. 1 4o
G 1100 I', 8-llr. AC

f' No rnllure
I. 100
eo
I> >
24 fir
2 Hr

2,0332 Effect of exposure to 3.5 peNent NuCI solution on crncl'-

notch strength of duplex and triplex annealed sheet.
Table 2. 0332. 2.04 ~uclear Properties

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
TABLE 2.0332
3.01 Specified Mechonicnl Properties
:I.OLJ A~IS specified mechanical properties. None.
Source T.M.C.A. (13,p.31)
Alloy 3.012 Producer's guaranteed mechanical properties, Table
TI-6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
Form 3.012.
Sheet
CnndiUo Duolex and Triolex Annealed
NTS In 3. 5 percent NnCl Soln,
(sustained load) ksl
Sheet Direction NTS In Air, ksl Failure
Gage (continuously 1 to 2 Failure TABLE 3.012
tn loaded) llr <1-llr.
Source T.M.C.A. (lO,p,4)
1650 F, l/21lr, AC + 1150 F, 1/4 llr, AC Alloy THlAl-2Sn-4 Zr-2Mo
0,045
0.080
T -
. L 127

"""1 "'
101 (2)
T 120 101 lOB Mill Ftu-mir Fty-ml e-mln RA-mfn
..
0.126 L
T
129
120
111
101
(2)
lOB
Form Size Heat Trentman ksl ksl percent percen
LIT L T
Sheet Up to

:I : ~
Duplex

~
135.0 125.0
1650 F, 1/2-Hr, AC + 1450 F, 1/4-llr, AC + 1100 F, :!-llrl AC 0.187
0.045 T - 100
-
(2) Inch Triplex 140.0 130.0
..
0.080 L
T
128
124 87
63(3)
(2) Bar Up to 1750F,AC +

..
0.125

(1)
L
T
No failure In 68 !Irs.
120
108
72
-
80
53 I 16 sq HOOF, BHr,
Inch 1 AC 130.001 120.0 11o I al2o 115
BlUet., Up to 1750F,AC +
(2)
(3)
Fallure stress not established
Failed in 5-mlnutes
~ I ,:V '!
16 sq
Inch I HOOF, BHr,
AC 130.0
'
I 120.0 l1o I 8120 115
Testing of blllet Is based on the results of a simulated forging,
Center Fatlque Crack genernlly on upset test.

CODE 3718
PAGE 4
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

3.013 User's specified mechanical properties !or bar and

forgings, , Table 3, 013. Ti
G AI
2 Sn
TABLE 3.013 4 Zr
2 Mo
Sou roe Lycoming (19)
Allov Ti -6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
Form Bars and Forgings
Condition 1750F,l-Hr,AC + 1100F,8-Hr,AC
Property Specified Value
Ftu 135ksi min
Fty 125-ksi min
e (4 D) 10 percent min
RA 25 percent min
Chnrpy V-notch ~l-in section 16 !t-lb min
~l-in section 13 !t-lb min
!RT notch stress rupture, Kt 4. 5 @ 170- ksi, 5-Hr min
Hardness 43Rc max

3.014 User a specified mechanical properties !or sheet, strip

plate, bars, forgings, rings, raw material for forged
parts, and raw material for blades and vanes,
Table 3, 014.

TABLE 3.014

Souroe General Electric 20

Allov Ti-6Ai-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo

Raw Material For

Sheet, Strip Bars, Forgings Forged Parte and
Form and Plate and Rin~s Compressor Blades
and Vanes
1650 F, 30-min AC + 1750 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1775 F, 1-Hr, AC +
Condition 1450 F, 15-min AC + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC
1100 F, 2 Hrs AC
5pecU1ed Value at Specified Value at Specified Value at
Property
RT 900 F RT 900 F RT 900 F
Ftu -ksi min 140 95 130 90 l30 90
Ftyksimin
e(2-in or 4D) - percent min
~ 187 -in gage
130
-8
75
-8 I - - I 120
10
70
15
120
10
-
70
15
--
- - -
),187 -in gage
RA - percent min
Thermal Stability
10
-
10
- I 25 I 30 I
Standard tensile specimen shall meet above property values
25 30

after 1000 F, 25-ksi 100-Hr exposure in a.lr.

RT notch stress rupture, @ 170-ksi,5-Hrs @ 170-ksi,S-Hrs
600 -V, d/D= .707, r= .005
1000 F smooth stress rupture
I min
I
min
@ 70-ksi,35-Hrs
min

3,02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature

3.021 Tension. See also 3. 031,
3,021.01 Effect of solution anneal temperature on room temper-
ature tensile properties of solution annealed sheet,
Figure 3. 02101.
3.02102 Effect of solution anneal temperature on room temper-
ature tensile properties of
duplex and triplex annealed sheet, Figure 3.02102.
3, 02\03 Effect of solution anneal temperature on room temper-
ature tensile properties of aolution annealed bar,
Figure 3. 02101.

CODE 3718
PAGE 5'
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1968

. l
3.02104 Effect or section size on room temperatu re tensile '\.,_/
3,02112 Effect cC exposure to elevated temperatu re with loa<!
Ti properties of duplex annealed bar, Table 3. 02104,
on room temperatu re tenslle properties of duplex
TABLE 3.02104
6 AI annealed sheet given various solution anneal
Source treatment e, Figure 3. 02112.
T.M.C.A . (13,p.54)
2 Sn Alloy 3.02113 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatu re with load

4 zr Product Size
and Form
Location-
Direction
Tl-6Al-2S n -4 Zr-2Mo
Ftu Fty e(Un) RA
per- per-
on room temperatu re tenslle properties of duplex
and triplex annealed sheet, Table 3. 02113,
ksl ksl cent cent TABLE 3,02113
2 Mo 1650 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC (1)
Source T.M.C.A . (13,p,2B)
1 1/8-ln Rolled Bar Long 152,6 140.5 20.0 41.2 Alloy Tl-6Al-2S n-4Zr-2M o
2 1/4-ln Rolled Bar Outelde -Long 137.0 120.7 15.5 31.2 Form 0. 040 In sheet
Center - Long 143.2 127.1 15.0 24.7 Condition
3 -In Forged Bar Duplex and triplex annealed
Outelde - Long 141.2 133.1 18.0 40.9
Center -Long 142.4 132.3 19.0 37.9 150-Hr exposure at Subsequen t RT tenslle properties
Outelde - Trans
Center - Trans
1750 F, 1-Hr, AC
142.3
144.5
+ 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC
132.8
135.5
(1)
15.0
17,0
33.3
43.3 Temp
F
Stress
ksl
I Deform
ation
percent
Direction~ Ftu
ksl
Fty
ksl
e(1-ln)
percent
1650 F, 1/2-Hr, AC + 1450 F, 1/4-Hr, AC
2 1/4-ln Rolled Bar Outelde -Long 136.3 119.9 15.0 26.0
Center - Long 141.4 125.8 15.0 24.7 --Non e L 154.4 141.3 14,0
Center -Trans 138.9 122.7 13,5 23.4 T 148.9 134.4 14.0
2 1/4-ln Forged BarC2 Outelde - Long 143.3 135.3 20,0 41.5 BOO 65 0,16 L 16B.3 144.5 12.0
Center -Long 144.1 129.5 18.0 32.7 0.1B T 167.2 142.1 13.5
Outelde -Trans 144.7 132.6 39.3 900 45 0.29 L 172.0 151.3 14,0
17.5
Cente1 -Trans 139.3 124.1 14,5 31.3 0.22 T 167.1 147.6 13,0
3-ln Forged Bar Outelde -Long 136.5 126.7 19,0 37.9 1000 25 0,36 L 16B.9 154.5 13,0
Center -Long 138.5 129.3 19.0 39.2 0.40 T 164.7 152.0 12.0
Outelde -Trans 138.5 128.7 1B.O 36.6 1650 F, 1/2-Hr, AC + 1450 F, 1/4-Hr, AC + 1100 F,2-Hr, AC
Center -Trans 137.8 128.5 16.0 30.7 --Non e L 162.4 149,2 16,0
T 156.5 141.9 14,0
1750 F, 1-Hr, WQ + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC (1) BOO 65 0,05 L 166.5 150,7 12,0
0,06 T 163.7 148.6 14,0
2 1/4-ln Rolled Bar Qutelde -l.ong 147.9 130.5 13.0 25.9 900 45 0.17 L 167.7 152.0 12,0
Center -Long 151.4 134.8 12.0 21.1 0.16 T 163.0 149.1
3 -In Forged Bar 14,0
Outside -Long 160.1 146.5 17.0 35.2 1000 25 0.34 L 169.8 157,1 12,5
Ce11ter -Long
Outelde -Trans
146.2
152.5
132.1
13B.9
20.0
16.0
45.9
41.6
0,32 IT163.6 150.5 14.0
Note: Tests mede n!ter creep exposure without surfacecon dltlonlng
Center -Trans 147.0 134.5 14.0 23.3
(1') All heat treated In full sections. 3,02114 Effect of long time exposure to elevated temperatu re
(2) Stablllzatl on annealed Cor 24 hours. with load on room temperatu re tenslle properties
3.02105 Effect of solution anneal temperatu re on room temper- of duplex and triplex annealed sheet, Table 3, 02114.
ature tenslle properties of duplex annealed bar, TABLE 3.02114
Figure 3. 02105.
3.02108 Effect of stabillzatl on age time and temperatu re on Source T.M.C.A , (7,pp. 38 and 52)
the room temperatu re tenslle properties or duplex Alloy Tl-6AI-2S n-4Zr-2M o
annealed rolled bar, Figure 3. 02106. Form o. 040-ln sheet, long. direction
3.02107 ECCect of solution anneal temperatu re on room temper- Condition Duplex and triplex annealed
ature tenslle properties of solution annealed forging, 1000-llr exposure at Subsequen t R, T. tensile propertle
Figure 3, 02101.
Room temperatu re tensllo properties or duplex (1)
3.0210B Temp Stress Deform- Ftu Fty
annealed upset forging, Table 3. 0210B. e
F ksl at!on ksl ksl percent
TABLE 3.0210B Percent
Source T.M.C.A . (2,p.2)
Alloy 1650F, 1/2 Hr, AC +HOOF, 2 Hr, AC
Form
Tl-6Al-2S n -4 Zr-2Mo
Pancake Forg!_ng, Press Upset --
800
None
40
---- 0,07
166.9
167,5
154,4
155,2
B.O
14.0
Forged 2-ln to 3/4-ln from 900 20 0.11

I
Condition 166,7 159,1 7,5

I
1750 F, + 1650 F, 1 Hr, AC + 950 15 0.19 164.1 161,0 4,0
1100 F, 8-Hr, AC 1000 10 0.50 (2) 160,5 (2)
Ftu 1650 F, 1/2-llr, AC + 1450 F, 1/4-Hr, AC
Direction

Radial
ksl
Fty
I;a!
e RA
percent percent --
BOO
None
40
----
0,11
150.5
.164.4
142,3
149.2
12.5
13,5
14B.O 13B.B 20.0 46.1
Tangentia l 900 20 0.14 162.6 154,7
145.9 137.4 21.0 6.0

I I
4B.O 950 15 0.16 162.9 157,8 7,0(3)
1000 10 0.25 160.7 159,7
3.02109 ECCect of solution anneal temperatu re on room temper- 3.0(3)
1650 F, 1/2-Hr, AC + 1450 F, 1/4-Hr, AC + 1100
F,2-llr,A C

3,02110
ature tenalle properties of duplex annealed forging,
Figure 3. 02109.
Effect of exposure to elevated temperatu re with load
---
BOO
None
40
---- 0.04
156.2
159.8
147.8
149,6
9,0
1-1.0
900 20

I I
on room temperatu re tonslle properties of solution 0,08 161,3 152.8 11,0
950 15 0,20 161.7 155,0
annealed sheet, FlJ;JJ re 3. 02110. 12.0
1000 10 0.20 15B.5 157,0
3.02111 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatu re on room 4,5
(1) Single longitudin al teste
temperatu re tenslle properties or duplex annealed
(2) Broke just beyond yield at end of gage length
sheet, Figure 3. 02111.
(3) Broke at end of gage longlh

CODE 3718
PAGE 6
 MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3. 02118 Effect o exposure to elevated tempera ure with load

3.02115 Effect or exposure to elevated temperature with load on room temperature tensile properties or duplex
on room temperature tensile properties or triplex TABLE 3,0211B Ti
annealed sheet or various thicknesses, Figure 3. 02115.
3.02116 Effect or exposure to elevated temperature with load Source T.III.C.A. (13,pp. 67-GB) 6 AI
on room temPerature tensile properties or duplex A oy Tl-GA1-2Sn-4 Zr-2Mo
annealed rolled bar given various solution anneal Form 2 1/4 -In Diameter R<>lled Bar
2 Sn
treatments, Figure 3. 02116. Condition Duplex Annealed In Full Sections 4 Zr
3. 02117 Effect or exposure to elevated temperature with load Tens lie Properties
Subsequent R T
on room temperature tens!le properties or duplex 2 Mo
;;gitud~;!d ~roent
annealed rolled bar or various sizes, Table 3. 02117.
TABLE 3,02117
;,utsr
Souroe T.M.C.A. (13,pp. 67-G8)(7,p.53)
Alloy Tl-GAI -2Sn -4Zr-2Mo I
Form R<>lled Bar 1650 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC

~-
Condition

150-Hr Exposure At
Duplex Annealed In Full Sections
Supsequent RT Tens!le
Properties
(outside longitudinal)
BOO
850
900
None---
55
50
40
I 0.11
0.15
0.17
137.0
147.4
143.6
142.4
120.7
132.3
132.3
129.1
15.5
15.5
1B.5
17.5
31.2
34.3
34.8
28.9
142.1 131.2 15,0 31.6
1000 1 15 0.12
Deform 1750 F, 1-llr, AC + 1100 F, 24-Hr, AC
Bar Size Temp Stress aUon Ftu Fty (l-in) RA 32.8
None--- 139.5 124.3 17.5
in F ksl Peroent ksl ksi Percent Percent
800 65 o. 22 136.7 123.2 18.0 28.2
850 50 0,14 139.2 125.0 20,5 32.2
1650 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC B50 55 0.18 136.5 122.7 18. 0 30.2
--- H.2 900 40 0.22 136,6 123.3 19.0 30.2

I I
11/8 --None 152.61140.5120.0

I 900
1000
45
25
0.14
0,19 I 145.7 133,0
145.9 136.3
17.0
15.0 I 45.0
42.0
900
1000
45
20
1875
0.23
0,17
~, 1-llr, AC
138.1
138.9
+ 1100
125.5
128.9
F, 24-Hr, AC
19,5
16.5
33.5
30.B

31.2

I
2 1/4 --None--- 137.0 120.7 15.5
139.6 129,3 16.0 32.1 ---None--- 138.4 121.0 15.0 21.2
800 65
900
1000
1100
45
25
10I
0.17
0.13
0,14
0.14
141.6
143.3
135.3
126.8
134.4
123.7
14.0
13.0
14.0
31.4
30.7
24.0
:~~
900
I ~~ I ~: ~~
45
20
0.16
0.10
13B. 5
139.6
139.8
141.7
126.1
125.8
126.7
129.7
13.5
14.5
14.5
12.5
23.4
21.9
23.4
18.3
1000
1750 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC Tested after exposure without surface conditioning
2 1/4 --None---
800

1000
45
900 165
25
0.12
0.12
0.11
I 136.3
137.1
135.8
140.4
119.9
123.2
121.7
127.6
15.0
16.0
15.0
18.0
26.0
33.7
28.2
33.4
1100 10 0.11 137.8 128.2 16.5 33.5
1750 F, 1-Hr, AC + UOO F, 24-llr, AC
32.8
~-None-
I I
2 1/4 1139,5,124,3 117.0
850
1050
70
30
0.32
0.46
138.9 129.3
136.1 125.7
1750 F, 1-Hr, WQ + UOO F, 8-llr, AC
18.5
20.0 I 33.5
36.1

147.9 130.5 25.9 13,0

I I
2 1/4 --None---
800 156.4 13B.6 17.8 10.0
900 45 0.12
0.22 157.7 140.0 19.1 12.0
65
1000 25 0,29 153.6 137.6 19.1 ll.5
1100 10 0.20 14B.9 135.2 26.0 14.0 3. 02119 Effect of long time exposure to elevated temperature
with load on room temperature tenalle properties of
Tested n!ter exposure without surface conditionln~t. duplex annenled rolled bar, Table 3.0211~.

TABLE 3, 02ll9

Source T.M.C.A. 5,p.l0

Allov T1-GA1-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
Form 1 3 8 In Diameter Rolled Bar
Condition 1775 F 1-llr, AC + 1100 F, B-llr, AC
Exposure Conditions
Time to Totnl Subscque~t RT Tensile Properties

I I 0.1 percent PlllStie

I
JI l
Temp Deform- Deform- Fty Ftu RA
Stress Time
F
I ksl Hrs aU on
Hours
ation
Percent
ksi ksi :ercent

21.0
percent

37.3
None
None I 146.6
146.2
160.2
159.7 I 10.0 I 37.7
825 47.5 3000 185 0.276 144.5 156.2 13.0 22.8
- 0.192 142.5 155.2 14.0 18.8
925
I 27.5
I 2300
I -
Note: Center properties, 1/4-lneh diameter specimens
98
I 0.436
0,240 I 148.6
150.8 I 156.6
160.2 I 16.0
1B.O I 31.7
37.7

CODE 3718
PAGE 7
 MARCH 1968

,02120 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature with load 3.02121 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature with load
Ti on room temperature tensile properties of beta-rolled on room temperature tensile properties of solullon
duplex annealed bar, Table 3.02120. annealed forging, Figure 3. 02121.
6 AI 3,02122 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature with load
TABLE 3.02120 on room temperature tensile properties of duplex
2 Sn annealed forging, Figure 3. 02122.
4 3,02123 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature with load on
Zr Source T.M.C.A. 7 .n.491 room temperature tensile properties of duplex annealed
2 Mo Alloy Tl-<iAI-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo forged bar, Table 3,02123.
ll''orm 1/2 In dla. bar, Beta rolled TABLE 3,02123
Condlllon Duplex annealed
Source T.M,C.A. (13,p,69)(7,p.56)
150-Hr exposure n.t Subsequent RT Tensile Properties Alloy -6A -2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
Form 3 In :;quare Forged Bar
Deform Condlllon Duplex Annealed In Full Sections
Temp Stress atlon Ftu Ftv RA e
F ksl percent ksl ksl percent percent 150-Hr Exposure at Subsequent RT Tensile Properties

I I
(outelde longitudinal)

I I I
1650 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8- Ilr, AC
--- None--- 151 140 Deform

I
36 18 Temp Stress ntlon Ftu F cy e-(1-ln) RA
BOO 70 153 142 34 lB F ksl percent ksl percent , oercent
ksl

I
.11
I I
1000 30 .38 150 141
I
39 19
1100 15 1. B3 151 144 25 14 1650 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC
-- None -- 141.2 133,1 18.0 40.9
1750 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC 800 65 0,01 143.0 134.0 19,0 41,6
---None--- 158 140 30 17 900 45 0.12 1~2.2 131.1 16.0 39.2
800 70 .10 149

I
138 38

I
18 000
I 25
I 0.18 142.6 133.9 16.0 41.6
1000
1100
30
15 I I
.26
.53 I 150
150
140
142
37
28 I
19
16
100 10

1750 ~.
0.23

1-Hr, AC
141.0 134.1 16.5

+ 1100 F, B- llr, AC
35.4

Dupllcatcs tests -- None -- 136.5 I 126.7 19,0 37.9

BOO 65 O.OB 139.6 129.5 1B.O 37,3
900 45 0.12 13G.B 127.0 17.0 42.1
1000
1100 I 25
10 I
0.09
0.32
1750 F, 1-llr, WQ
137.9
13B.5
+ 1100
130.0
131.2
F, 8-llr, AC
17,0
17 .o
41.6
35,4

--
BOO
None
65
-0,10
- 160.1
156.6
146.5
142.8
17 .o
14.0
35,2
38.4
900 45 0.57 154.0 142,2 14.0 2B.B
1000
100 I I 25
10
0,17
0.30
147.7
153.2
Tested after ex-posure without surface treatment
134.5
141,2
14.5
14,0
34.1
22.0

3.02124 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature with load

on room temperature tensile properties or duplex
wmealed compressor hub forging, Table 3. 02124.

TABLE 3. 02124

Source Wvman-Gordon 12,pp. 13 and 15

Allov TI-6AI-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
Form 1B. 5 In Dla Com_l)_ressor llub Forl!ing
Condition 1750F 1 llr AC + 1100F B Hr AC
Time to
150-llr Expo- Time to Creep In Subsequent RT Tensile Properties
0.1percent
sure at 0.2percent 150-llr
TempT Stress Creep Creep Ftu I Fty
Location Direction F ksl c IRA
llr Hr percent ksl ksl I percent percent
Rim Radial None 13,& 2B.6
1140.0 1129.6
Web
llub

Rim
I
Radial
I
BOO
143.2
140.2
130.4
125. B I 13.5
1B. 0 I 32.7
42.3

225* ,149 16,0 30.1

Web
llub
Rim
I
I I
Radial 11000 135
170 175
42
50
7
I 225*
245"
39
I .!GO
.14B
,412
1141,1 1132,8
139.7
13B.5
130.9
130,5 I 16,0
15.0
12.5
I 28.1
2B.8
32.8

I
1144.2 1129.7
Web
llub
Extrapolated
I 8
6
44
33 I ,424
,498
145.2
13B.5
133.6
126.4 I 17.0
12.5 I
29.4
34.1

CODE 3718
PUE 8
 MARCH 1968. NONFE RROU S ALLOYS

I .

\._)
3.0232 Effect of solution anneal temperatur e on room
3,02125 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatur e with load Ti
temperatur e impact properties of duplex annealed
on room temperatur e tensUe properties of duplex
compresso r wheel forging, Table 3,0232.
annealed compresso r wheel forgings, Table 3, 02125. 6 AI
2 Sn
TABLE 3,02125
4 Zr
Source T.M.C.A. 2,p.10)
Alloy T1-6Al-2Sn -4Zr-2Mo 2 Mo
TABLE 3.0232
20-!Dch Diameter Compresso r
Form Wheel Forging
Sou roe W_}'man-Gcnlon ll,p,17)
Condition Duplex Annealed THlAl-2Sn -4Zr-2Mo
AI lev
TensUe Prophrtles Form 20 In Dla Compresso r Wheel Fo~J!
150-Hr Exposure at Subsequent RT
Condition 1750F, 1 Hr, AC + llOOF,
Total150H r 81lr, AC

Stress
ksi
J F
I:
Plastic I
Temp De!orma~~n
percent
Ftu
ksl
I Fty
ksi Ipe!entl p~ent Location Dlrectlcn
Standard Cbarpy
Impact-Ene rgy
!n-Ib
1650 F, 1-Hr, t.C + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC
---
---
None
None
---
---
153,0
147.4
139.8
136.0
16.0
17.0
37.3
44.2
Web (Center Punch-
Out) Radial 21
65
55
850
900
0.15
0.19
141.5
141.2
129.0
128.8
19.0
18.0
42.0
43,6 -
45 950 0.24 142.3 129.6 20.0 42,0
35 1000 0.30 142.7 129,3 19.0 47.6
15 1100 0,54 142.0 132,2 17.0 34.1
1750 F, 1-Jlr, WQ + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC

--- None ---

---
164,0 147.4 14.0 41.9 3.024 Bending.
Ef!ect of solution annealtemp e1-ature on room
---
65
None
850 0.26
166.9
164,8
151.2
155,2
14.0
13.0
37.8
40.8
3,0241
temperature minimum bend radius of solution annealed,
900 0.39 165.2 149.4 13.0 34.0 duplex annenlcd and triplex annenled sheet,
55
950 0.49 164.6 146.3 14.0 38,3 Figure 3.0241.
45
0.81 164.4 149,7 u.o 31.5 3.0242 Effect of sheet thickness on minimum bend radius or
35 1000
1.04 161.0 148.6 11.0 23.2 duplex and triplex annenlcd sheet, Table 3. 0242,
15 1100
All tests in radinl direction
Measured at RT after exposure TABLE 3.0242

Source T.M.C.A. 13,p,22

Alloy TI-6A -ZSn-4Zr-2M o
Form Sheet
3,02126 Effect of high solution annenling temperatur e
(beta - 25 F) on exposure stsblllty properties of duplex Minimum Bend Radius - T (1)
annenled forged disc, Table 3.02126.
Sheet Test 1650 F, 1/2-llr,AC 1650 F, 1/2-llr, AC
Thickness l>lrec- + 1450 F, +1450 F, 1/4-Hr, AC
TABLE 3.02126 Inch Tlon 1/4-llr, AC +1100 F, 2-llr, AC

Source T.M.C.A. (14,p.17) 0.040 L 3,0 3,0

Alloy TI-6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo T 3,0 3,0
Form 15 in Diameter For11ed Disc o.oso L 3.0 3.1
Condition Duplex Annealed T 2.8 3.2
950F, 35 ksl Post Exposure RT 0.125 L 3.3 3.4
150 Hr Exposure Tens!le Properties T 3,5 3.4
Dlrec-
tion
Time(a)
Hour
I 15G-Hr(b)
percent
Fty
ksl
I IFtu
ksl
e t L,
RA
percent crccn
(1) Minimum bend radius, r/t, lor 1050 after Springback
1750F,1-H r, AC + llOOF, 8-Hr, AC
Chordal
Rsdlnl
I 44
17 I
0.280 1144.4 1152.21
0.240 144.3 150,4
17.01
15.0
39,5
42.0
1790F,1-Hr ,AC + llOOF, 8-Hr, AC

I
22,5

I
43 0,110 1144.3 1152,8 15.01
Chordal! 0,131 142.1 150.6 13.0 27.9 3,025 Shear, see nlso 3. 035.
Radlnl 37
3.0251 Effect of exposure lo ele"'!-ted temperatur e on l".))m
(a) To 0.1% Plastic De!orm..Uon tempe raturo ulllmale shear strength of duplex anncnled
(b) Total Plastic Deformation sheet, Figure 3. 0251.
3,027 Stress concentrati on.
3.0271 Notch propertins, sec also 3.0371.
3,02711 Effect or solution anncnl temperatur e on room temper-
ature sharp notch properties of solution annenled
Stress strain diagrams, see 3. 03118. sheet, Figure 3, 02711.
3,0211
3.02712 Effect of solution anneal temperatur e on room temper-
3,022 Compressio n, see 3.032.
ature sharp notch properties or duplex annenled sheet,
3,023 lmpact.
Effect of solution annenl temperatur e on standard Figure 3.02712.
3,0231 Ef!ect of solution ann01 temperatur e on room
Cbarpy Impact energy for solution annealed and duplex 3,02713
annenled bar at room temperatur e and -80F, temperatur e sharp notch properties of trtplex
Figure 3, 0231 annenled sheet, Figure 3, 02713.

CODE 3718
PAGE 9
Ti NONFERROUS. ALLOYS MARCH 1968

. I
\.._..''
a.02714 Effect of anneallng time on smooth and sharp notch a.02717 Effect of thickness on room temperature smooth and
Ti tensile properties of duplex and triple:< anneD.led sharp notch tensile properties of triplex anneD.led
sheet, Table a. 02714. sheet, Figure a. 02717.
6 AI 3.02718 Effect of exposure to elevated temperarure on room
TABLE a.02714 temperature sharp notch strength of duplex anneD.led
2 Sn sheet, Figure 3. 02718
3.02719 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on room
4 Zr Source T.M.C.A. (1a,p.17) temperature smooth and sharp notch properties of
duplex annealed sheet, Figure 3,02719.
2 Mo AllOY TI-6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
3.02720 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on room
Form o. 040 In Sheet
Condition Duplex and Triplex AnneD.led temperature sharp notch strength of triplex annealed

Heat Treatment Fro

ksl
I l Fty
ksl
o(2 -In)
I 1percent
J NTS
ksl
3.02721
sheet, Figure 3. 02720.
Effect of exposure to elevated temperarure on room
tempnrnturo sharp notch strength of triplex anneD.led
sheet, J'lgu re 3. 02721.
1650 F, 1/4-Hr, AC +
1450
1650
F1
F,
1/4-Jir1 AC
1/2-llr, /I.C +
I 146.7 I I 12.a I 1a4.5
1a8.0 3.028
3.03
Combined properties.
lllechanicD.l Properties at Various Temperatures
1450 F1 1/4 -llr 1 AC I 147.5 I 1a9.2 I 12.0 I 1a7.0 3.031 Tension. Soc D.lso a. 021
3.0a101 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of
1650 F, 1/4 -llr, AC + duplex anneD.led sheet, Figure 3. 03101.
; 150 F, 1/4-llr, AC + 3. 03102 Spread of tensile properties at elevated temperatures
1100 F,
1650 F,
2-llr, AC
1/4-llr, AC +
I 148.a I 141.4 I 1a.o I 13G.5 for six duplex unnoD.led sheets from two heats,
Figure 3. 03102,
1450 F, 1/4-llr, AC + 3. oa103 Effect of test temperature on tenslle properties of
1100 F 1 8-Hr, AC I 146.1 I ta7. 7 I 12.8 I 138,1 triplex anneD.l~d sheet, Figure 3, 03103.
3,03104 Smooth tenslle properties at ruom and elevated
1650 F, 1/2-llr, AC +
temperatures for dU!>lcx and triplex anneD.led sheet,
1450 F, 1/4-llr, AC +
1100 F 2-llr AC I 154.7 I 146.9 I 11.0 I t3s.t 3.0!1105
Figure 3.03104.
Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of
1650 F, 1/2-llr, AC +
solution anncD.lcd bar, l'lgurc 3, 03105.
1450 F, 1/4-llr, AC +
1100 F1 8-llr, AC I 155.3 I HG.7 I 13.0 1- 3. 03106 Effect of test temperature on tensllc properties of
duplex annealed bar, l'lgure 3.03106.

~
VD.lues averages of duplicate tests 3.03107 Effect of section size on elevated temperature tensile
properties of duple>< anncD.led bar, Figure 3.03107.
3. 03108 Spread nf tensile properties at room and elevated
Kt :;;. 17
lcm(>J raturc for thirteen duplex annealed pancake
r S::O.o forgings from three bents, Flguro 3, 03108,
:1,03109 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties o(
duplex anncaicc.J compressor wheel forging. Figure
:!.03109.
a.02715 Effect of stab!Uzatlon age time and temperature on :1.0:1110 Total variation ln tensile properties for duplex
room temperature smooth and sharp notch tensile :mnealcd compressor hub, Tahlc 3. O:JlJO,
properties of triplex annealed sheet, Figure a.02715.
a.02716 Effect of thickness on room temperature smooth TADLE 3,03110
and sharp notch tensile properties of duplex Md
triplex annealed sheet, Table a.02716. ~0Ur'o1C Wyman-Gordon (12, p.13
Alloy Tl-Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
TABLE a,02716 Form 18. 5 In Dla Compressor Hub FonrtntZ
Condition 1750F, 111r, AC + llOOF, 811r, AC
Source T.M.C.A. 13.o.22
TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo Total Variation In Tensile Properties
Alloy_
Sheet (nil locations and directions)
Form
Du lex and Tri lex Annealed Test
Condition
Temp Ftu Fty e RA
Sheet Test Ftu(1) Fty(1) e(2-!A! NTS(l) F ksl ksl percent percent
Thickness Direction 124.4-135.6 8.0-18.0 15.2-42.3
ksl kal percent ksl 70 136.4-146.8
In 400 113.4-119,0 95.8- 98.6 16.0-19.5 36.1-45.9
1650 F, 1/2-11 r, /I.C + 1450 F, 1/4-Jir, AC 900 96.6-106.0 76.0- 81.8 15.0-21,0 30,0-67.6
0,040 L 147,7 133.7 10.8 146,4
" T 145.1 132,6 11.8 144.6
0.080 L 154.7 142.2 12.0 144.7
" T 1a9. 9 126.3 11.0 132.7 3.0all1 Room and elevated tcmperarure properties or bets-
0.125 J, 139.3 125.1 14.0 139,0 forged upset, T:ilile ~. 03111.

.
" 'l' 143.0 129.0 15.0 130.3
1650F, V2-l\r, AC + 1450 F, 1/4-llr,AC + 1100 F, 2-Hr, AC TABLE 3,03111
0.040 L 157.8 145.0 10,7 . 155.1

I
T 156.4 145.6 9, 8 145.1 Source Wyman-Gordon 12-P.17l
"
0,080 L 160.2 145.9 12.3 145.8 Alloy Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
" T 147,6 135.3 u.s 137.1 Form Upset Forging
0.125 L 145,6 133.5 14.8 135.3 Condition Beta Forged From 1910F
" T 1 149.4 135.4 15.2 122.7 (,8 + 100 F) + 1750F, 1 IIR,

~
AC +HOOF 811r, AC
(1) Avg. of duplicate teats

u ro;;0.001
Kt>17
Test Temp
F
70
400
900
Ftu
kal
144.9
119.2
102.6
Fty
kal
126,9
94.0
e
percent
u.s
16.5
RA
percent
29,2
42.5
76.6 16.5 54.5

CODE 3718
PAGE 10
 MARCH- 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

\ __.- )
3.03112 Effect of aoluUon anneal temperature on 800 F tensUe 3.03120 Elevated temperature tensile properUes a welded sbeet
properUes_ or aoluUon annealed and duplex annealed Table 3. 03120.
bar, Figure-3.03112. Ti
TABLE 3.03120
3,03113 Effect or quench rate from soluUon anneal on BOO F
tensUe properUes o duplex annealed bar, Figure
6 AI
Source T.M.C.A. 10.rm,15-16
3.03114
3.03113.
Allov TI-6AI-2Sn -4Zr-2Mo
2 Sn
Effect of beat treatment on elevated temperature
tensUe properUes o duplex annealed rolled bar, Form Inert Gas Arc Welded 4 Zr
Figure 3. 03114. 0.040 -In Sheet
3,03115 Eect o( soluUon anueal treatment on room temper-
Preweld Postweld Test
2 Mo
atura ;:nd 1000 F tensUe properties o bets-forged, Heat Heat Temp Ftu Fty e
duplex annealed compressor wheel, Table 3. 03115.
Treatment Treatment F ksl ksl percent
TABLE 3.03115
None None RT(1) 166 142 4.5
Wvman-Gordon (ll,p.ll) 1100 F, 2-Hr,
Source
Allov T1-6Al-2Sn-1Zr-2Mo AC None RT(1) 1d8 146 3.0
20 In Dla Compressor Wbeel None 1100 F, 2-Hr,
Form
CondiUon Bets Forge + DuPfex Annealed AC RT(1) 170 154 5.0
1100 F, 2-llr, 1100 F, 2-llr

Loca-
tlon
I I I
Direc- Wbeel
tlon No
Test
Temp Ftu
F ksi I I J
Fty
ksi
e
oercen
RA
oercent
AC

None
1100 F, 2-llr,
AC

None
RT(1)

600(2)
170

110
155

87
3.0

7.0

1650F, 1-Hr, AC + llOOF, 8-Hr, AC AC None 600(2) 118 92 7.0

Rim
Web
I
Axial 1
Radial 1 1 I
70 138.2 I
70 1 139,8
121.81 11.5
122.4 14.0
I 31.1
35.1
None

1100 F, 2-llr,
1100 F, 2-Hr,
AC
1100 F, 2-llr,
600(2) 120 96 7.5

1750 F, 1-Hr, WQ + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC AC AC 600(2) 117 91 7.5

Rim
Web
I
Axial 2
Radial 1 2
I 70
70
153.4 I
1 162.6
135.41
142.4
6.5
7.0
117 .I
15.2 None None 800(2) 114 85 8.5
1100 F, 2-llr,
1775 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
Rim
Web
Web
1 Axial 12
I
Radial 2
rtsdial 2
I
70
70 144.0
144,6
1000 1 93.4
I 125.61 13.5
126.5 12.3
71.7 22.0
140.8
34.2
61.4
AC
None
AC
None
1100 F, 2-llr
800(2)

800(2)
111

120
87

95
8.0

7.5
1100 F, 2-l!r 1100 F, 2-llr
1775 F, 1-llr, WQ + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
Web
Web I
Radial 21
Radial
Radial 1
70
70
175.6
173.3
1000 124.0
I 154.41
8.8
154.9 9,2
96.9 21.2
125.5
29.6
68.2
AC
(1)
(2)
AC 800(2)
Welds l..ongltudlnal to Tensile Direction
Welds Transverse to Tensile Direction
All Values Aver!U!e Duollcato Tests
112 89 7.5

Web
Web Radial 1 2 1 1000 1 124.0 95.1 20.8 66.9
3.032 Compression
3.0321 Effect or test temperature on compressive yield
strength or duplex annealed sheet, Figure 3.0321.
3,033 Impact, see 3. 023.
3.03116 Eect or quench rate rom solution anneal on 3.034 Bending, see 3, 024.
elevated temperature tensile properties or duplex 3,035 Shear, see also 3.025.
annealed forging, Table 3.03116. 3.0351 Effect or test temperature on ultimate shear strcnglh
or duplex annealed sheet, Figure 3. 0351,
TABLE 3,03116 3.0352 Effect or exposure to elevated temperature on ultimate
shear strength or duplex annealed sheet at the ex-
Source T.M.C.A. 7,p.46 posure temperature, Figure 3.0352
Alloy TI-6AI-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo 3.036 Ben ring
Form 3-ln Square, Finish Forged from 3.0361 Effect of test temperature on bearing properties of
Bets Field 11875Fl duplex annealed sheet, Jo'lgure 3.0361.
Condition Duplex Annealed 3.037 Stress concentration.
3.0371

I I Notch properties, sec also 3,0271.

3,03711
Test Temp
F
Ftu
ksl
Fty
ksl'
RA
percent
1750 F, 1-llr, WQ + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
I e
percent
Effect or test temperature on mild-notch strength of
duplex annealed sheet, Table 3.03711.
TADI..E 3.03711
800
1000 I 118
105 I 92
82 I
50
61 I
21
24 Source
Allov
(1,p.62)
Tl~Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
1750 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC
Form o. 040 - In Sheet
800
1000 I
102
90
I
79
73
I
44
55 I 22
26 Condition 1650 F, 1/2 -llr, AC + 1450 F, 1/4 -llr, AC

~
Outside longitudinal properties
Kt 3
5 Long. Dlr.

3,03117 Errect a (orglng and annealing temperatures on the

R0.025
elevated temperature tensile properUes or forged bar.

3.03118
Figure 3. 03117.
Typical stress-strain curves for duplex annealed bar,
Test Temp-F I 70 I 400 I 800

Figure 3. 03118.
Notch Strength - ksl I 170 I 138 I 133
3.03119 E((ect o expoaure 1o elevated temperature on tensile 3.03712 Eect o test temperature on crack-notoh tensile and
properUes a( duplex annealed abeet at the exposure yeUd atrenglhs o duplex lllll1ealed abeet, Figure
temperature, Figure 3.03119. 3.03712.

CODE 3718
 ... _,.,.,. __ ., .. -- ....... -~~ .."''' ....
3,03B Combined properties. 3,04008 Effect of stabilization aging temperature on creep
Ti deformation of.trlplex annealed shoat of .various
3,04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
tbiclmesses, Table 3, 0400B.
6 AI 3.04001 Creep deformation curves at 800 F for duplex
TABLE 3.0400B
annealed sheet, Figure 3. 04001.
2 Sn 3,04002 Creep deformation curves at 900 F for duplex Source T.M.C.A,(13 ,p,1B)
annealed sheet, Figure 3. 04002.
4 Zr 3,04003 Creep deformation curves at 1000F for duplex
Alloy T1-6Al-2Sn- 4Zr-2Mo
Form Sheet
2 annealed sheet, Figure 3. 04003.
Mo 3.04004 Minimum creep rate curves at BOO F, 900 F anrl
Condition U1p10X Annealed
1000 F for duplex annealed sheet, Figure 3, 04004.
3,04005 Master curve for 0.1% creep for duplex and triplex Creep Deformation percent
annealed sheet, Figure 3. 04005 1---
1650F ,1/2Hr, AC 1650F ,1/2Hr, AC
3.04006 Master curves for 0.1% and 0.2% creep for triplex
Sheet Creep Exposure + +
I I
annealed sheet, Figure 3, 04006, Thick-
3.04007 1450F, 1/4llr, AC 1450F ,1/4llr, AC
Effect of sheet tbiclmess on 150-bour creep
ness Temp Stress Time + +
deformation of duplex and triplex annealed sheet, In F ksl Hr 1000F, B-Hr, AC 1100F,2-Hr, . AC
Table 3, 04007.
TABLE 3,04007 0.040 800 65 150 0.07 0,07
900 45 150 0.19 0.15
Source T.M.C.A. (13,p,25) 1000 25 150 0.40 0.26
Alloy TI-6Al-2Sn- 4Zr-2Mo 900 20 1000 0.11 0,09
Form Sheet 950 15 1000 0,14 0.15
Condition Duplex and Triplex Annealed 1000 10 1000 0,33 0,19
150-Hr Exposure at Creep Deformation , percent
0,080 800 65

I I I
0.10

I
1501 0.05
Temp
F I Stress
ksl
Dlrec-
tion
0.?40-ln
Gage
10.080-ln 10.125-ln
Gage Gage
900
1000
45
25
150
150
0.14
0,24
0,12
0.24
1650F,1/2H r, AC + 1450 F, 1/4-Hr, AC
BOO 65 L 0,18 0,1251 800 65
I 0.07 0.06

I
0.16 0.42(1) 150

900 45
T
L
0.22
0,23
0.10 0,22
0.16
900
1000
45
25 I I
Results of single longitudinal
150
150
lcsts
0.12
0.25
0.19
0.22
T 0.22 0,22 0,19
1000 25 L 0,33 0.27 0.30
T 0,39 0.27 0.2B
1650 F, 1/2-Hr, AC + 1450 F, 1/4-llr, AC + 1100 F, 2-llr, AC
800 65 L 0.07 0.05 O.OG
T 0,07 0.10 0.06
900 45 L 0.15 0,12 0,19
T 0.18 0,14 0.14
1000 25 L 0.26 0.24 0.22
T 0,29 0.19
(1) Creep exposure time was 162.7 llrs
(2) Creep exposure time was 126 llrs

3.04009 Effect of solution anneal temperature on 150-hour

creep of duplex annealed rolled bar, Table 3,04009,

TABLE 3,04009

Source T.M.C,A, 13,p.49)

Alloy TI-6Al-2Sn -4 Z r-2Mo
Form 2 1/4 In Diameter Rolled Bar
150-llr Exposure at (2)

Heat Treatment (1)

1700 F, 1-llr, WQ +
Temp
F I Stress
ksl !l!!I'Oent

1100 F, B-llr, AC 800 65 0,09

900 45 0,21

I 1000
1100 I 25
10 I 0.27
0,31

1750 F, 1-Hr, WQ +
llOOF, B Hr, AC BOO 65 0.12
900 45 0,22

(1) Duplex annealed as full sections

I 1000
1100 I 25
10
0,29
0.20

(2) Creep Deformation , ootslde longitudinal tests

CODE 3718
PAGE 12
 MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I .

\.J 3.04010 Effect of stablllzaUon anneal temperature on 150-bour 3,04012 Creep properties of duplex annealed compreseor
creep or duplex annealed rolled bar, Table 3,04010, wheel forging, Table 3. 04012, Ti
TABLE 3.04010 TABLE 3.04012 6 AI
2 Sn
Source T.M . C.A. (13,p.46) Source T.M.C,A. (2,p,11)
I AllOY TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo it\UOY TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo 4 Zr
Form 2 !f4-ln Diameter Rolled Bar 20- Diameter Compressor
Condition Duplex Annealed (1 ~orm Wheel Forging 2 Mo
150-Hr Exposure at (2) pondltlon Duplex Annealed
Heat Treatment Temp
F I Stress
ksl percent
Stress Temp
Hrs to Hrs to
0.1percent 0.2percent (1)
1750 F, 1-Hr, AC + ksl F Creep Cree_!!_
1000 F, 8-Hr, AC BOO 65 0.2!1

1750 F, 1-Hr, AC +
I 900
1000
1100 I I 45
25
10
0.19
0.18
0.13
50
55
45
1650 F, 1-llr, AC
900
900
950
+ 1100 F, 811r, AC
27
38
59
15
102
>150
>150
:.iG
.261

.368
35 1000
1100 F, 8-Hr, AC BOO 65 0,12
1100 28 56

I I
0,12 15
900 45

I
(1) Duplex annealed as cull sections
1000
1100
25
10
0.11
0.11 50
55
1750 F, 1-llr, AC + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
900
900
73
25 >150
>150
,168

(2) Creep Deformation, outdide longitudinal tests 45 950 60

35 1000 15 so .301
35 1000 47 117
15 1100 G 37
1750 F, 1-llr, WQ + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
50
35 I 900
1000 I
17
2.5
61
B I I .301
1.03

...
(1) Percent creep deformation In 150-llr
All tests In axial d1 rectlon
not reached

3.04013 Master curve for creep In compressor wheel forging,

Figure 3.04013.
3.04014 Creep deformation curves at 800 F, 900 F and 1000 F
for duplex annealed pancake forging, Figure 3.04014.

3.04015 t:ifect or eolutlon annealing at hlgh temperature (beta

3,04011 Creep properties of duplex annealed bar, Table3. 04011 - 2& F) on creep deformation for duplex annealed
TABLE 3,04011 forging, Table 3. 04015.
TABLE 3,04015
Source Pratt-Whitney 15
Alloy Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo Source T,M.C.A. (14,p.17)
Form 1 1/8 In Diameter Bar Alloy Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
1650F, 1-llr, AC + Form 15 In Diameter Forged Disc
Condition 1100 F, 8-llr, AC Condition Duplex Annealed
Creep Exposure
Temp
F
I Stress
ksl
Time to
0,1 percent Creep
fir
Time to
0.5 percent Creep
llr
Direction Time to o. 1 percent
Plastic DoformaUon
llr
I
950F - 35 ksi Exposure
150-llr Total
Plastic Deformatio
percent
600 50 o. 044percent after 3065-llr
600 so o. 023percentafter 3045-llr 1750 F, 1-llr, AC + 1100 F, 8llr, AC
Chordal 0.280
800
800
900
59
69
55
83.0
78,5
14,6
Radial I
44
17 I 0,240
1790 F (B-25 F), 1-llr, AC + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
900 55 23.0
43 0.110
800
800
75
75
3220
3295
Chordal
Radial I 37 I 0.131

COOlE 3718
PAQIE 13
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1968

3,0411 1000 F stress rupture properties or duplex annealed 3.0422 Effect o! solution anneal temperature on room temper-
Ti bar, Table 3.0411. alure mlld-11otch stress rupture properties o[ duplex
annealed, beta forged compressor wheel forging,
TABLE 3,0411
6 AI Table 3. 042Z.
2 Sn Source Pratt-Wh1tntl}' (15) TABLE 3.042Z
Allov TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
4 Zr Form 1 1/8 In Diameter Bar Source Wyman-Gordon (ll,p.l2)
Alloy
2 Mo Condition 1650F, 1 HR, AC + llOOF, 8 Hr, AC TI-6Al-2Sn "'Zr-ZMo
ZO-In Diameter Compressor
Creep Exposure
Temp -, Stress Stress
Rupture
I I e RA
Form
Condition
Wheel Forging
Beta Fon:ed + Duplex Annealed
F
1000
kal
57,5
l..Ue-Hr
347,6
nercent
60,0
"'"'''Pnt
67.2 Stress nl I
RT Notch Stress Rupture, Kt=3.1
Time to

I
Whee

I
307.5
343.0 I 50,7
45.6 I
63.0
64.3
Location Direction
No.
Failure
kal
1650 F, 1-Hr, AC + 1100 F, 8-Hr, AC
Fnlluro
Hr

1000 70.0 94.2

105,0
4~.1
46.3
63.9
67,0
Rim
Web I Axial
Radial
I ~I
200
190 I 3.25
1,5

I I 105,5
113.5 I 48.7
43.3 I 62.5
65.1 Web I
1750 F, 1-llr, WQ + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
Rndlal I 21 200
1775 F, 1-llr. WQ + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
I >5.0
Web
I zoo 1.0

iI
Web Radial
Radial 200 >5.0
Web
Web I Rndlnl
Rndlnl
200
zoo
Note: S<.ress lncreasL'<I from 150 ksl In 10 ksl
I >5.0
>5,0

Increments every 5-llrs

\ ....... ,'

3.0412 Stress rupture curves at 900 F and 1000 F for duplex

annealed p:rncn~o forging, Figure 3, 0412.
3.0421 Effect of solution anneul temperature on room temper-
ature mild-notch stress rupture properties of duplex
annealed compressor wheel forging, Table 3. 0421.
TABLE 3,0421
3.0423 Effect of solution rumcnllng at hlgh temperature
(beta - 2G F) on room temperature tenslle and mild-
notch stress rupture properties of duplex annealed
compressor hub forging, Table 3.0423.

Source Wyman-Gordon (11,p.l2) TABLE 3.0423

Alloy Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
20-ln Diameter Compressor Source Wyman-Gordon (12-p.1G)
Form \Vheel Forging tUI<>y_ TI-GA1-2Sn"'Zr-2Mo
Condition Duplex Annealed 18,5 In Diameter Compressor
Form Hub F~nrtng
RT Notch Stre~s Hupture, Kt=3, B
1750F, 1 llr, AC + uoot, 8 Hr,
Stress nt Time to Condition

J
AC + Re-llcnt Treated aa Noted
Location Direction Failure Failure
kal HT Tensile Properties (1) -

I Ip~r- II :r\.
llr
1650 F, 1-llr, AC + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
;;;nt- Locn- Dim: Ftu Fty I
mont tlon tlon l.sl kal cent, cent IaI J(b)
IE;1 ~!:::1 ~~:::1 ~::~ I;~:~ I~!~ I~:~
Rim
I Axial
I 190 3.3
I
I~~
Web Rodin! 190 2.0
1750 F, 1-llr, AC + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
(c)
Web (Center
I Rodin I
I 200
I
2.5

I;1 ~=~:~1 :~!:~1 !~:: I~::: I!:~ I:;:

punch-<>ut)

I~~
200 1.0
1750 F, 1-llr, WQ + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC (d)
Rim
Web I Axial
Rndlnl I
200
200
>5,0
I
>5,0
1775 F, 1-llr, AC + 1100 F, 8-llr, AC
(1) R T notch stress rupblrn,Kt 3.8
Stress Increased !rom 1.10-kslln 10-ksl
Web (Center inc roment.a every 5 hours.
punch out)
I Rodin I
I
Note: Stress Increased !rom 150-kai In
200
200
1.5
I
1,4
(n)
(b)
(c)
Stress n1 !allu1'e- kal
Time to fallure-br
1750F ,1-Hr, AC +llOOF, 8-llr,. AC
10-Ksllncremonts every 5-llrs (d) 1790F (Beta-25F), 1 Hr, AC + llOOF, 8 Hr, AC

CODE 3718
PAGE 14
 MA.KI;;H l~r,s .NUNt" t:.KKUU::i ALLOY ::i II

3.05 Fati!ltle Properties 4,0121 Effect of beta-forging and beta-annealing on elevated

3.051 Axial load smooth and notch fatigue properties at 70F temperature stability of duplex llllDealed forged bar,
for duplex annealed sheet, Figure 3. 051. Table 4. 0121,
Ti
3.052 A.'<lal load smooth and notch fatigue properties at 400 F 6
for duplex annealed sheet, Figure 3.052.
TABLE 4,0121 A. I
3,053 Axial load smooth and notch fatigue properties at BOO F Source T.~l.C.A, 13,pp. 69-70) 2 Sn
for duplex annealed sheet, Figure 3,053. Alloy Ti-6AI-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
3,054 Room temperature stress range dlngram at 107 cycles Form 2 1/4 In Souare Foned Bnr 4 Zr
for smooth specimens of duplex annealed sheet, Beta or Alpha-Beta Forged
Figure 3. 054.
Condition
+ Duplex Annealed 2 Mo
3.055 Room temperature and 900 F smooth fatigue properties 150-llr Exposure at Sabscqucnt RT Tensile Properties
for duplex annenlcd bar, Figure 3.055. (outside longitudinal)
3.056 900 F smooth and notch fatigue properties for duplex

3.06
annealed bar, Figure 3.056.

Elastic Properties
TcFmp I Stress
ksl
I Deform
n.Uon
ocrccnt
Ftu
ksl
J I(1~~n)
Fty
ksl
.le:nt
I ocrcent t
Alphn.-Bcta Forged+ 1750F, 1-Hr, AC + llOOF,24-IIr, AC
3.061 Static modulus of elnstlclty at room and elevated

3.062
tornperaturcs for duplex n.nnco.lod sheet, Figure a. OGl.
Static compressive modulus of elasticity at room and
--
850
None
70 ----
0,25
143.3
143,4
135.3
134.2
20.0
20.0
41.5
45.1
elevated temperatures for duplex annealed ahect, 900 55 0.28 146.0 134.5 19.0 39,8

3,063
Figure 3, 062.
Dynamic modulus of elasticity of duplex annealed
sheet at room Wid elevated t.cmpcraturc, Figure 3.063
950
1050 I 45
30 I 0,29 143.7
2.43 147.G
132.2
13G.O
Dctn-Forgcll+ 17501'~,1-llr, ,.\C + 1100F,24-IIr, t\C
1B.O
lB.O
36.0
33.9

3.064 Static modulus of elasticity at room and elevated

temperatures for duplex annealed bar, Figure
---
850
Nono
70
----0.13
HI.O
147.3
134.8
135.2
20.5
15.5
45,5
34,2
3,064 900 55 0.18 144.8 133,0 16.5 35.1
4.

4.01
FABRICATION

Formability
950
1050 I 45
:w I 0.21
0.52
145.6
144,0
133.8
133.1
16,5
17.5
36.7
33,8
Alphn-llcla For~cd+l875F(ln UetnFleld),l-llr, .\C +1100F,24-IIr AC
4.0ll Bending. Bend properties nrc equivalent tc those for None ---- 139.0 12G,4 11.5 29.9

~I
competatlve alpha or alpha-beta alloys. Sec bend 70 O.IG 138,9 130.4 14.5 26.7
properties, section 3, 024. 900 55 0.17 146.1 134.6 14.0 23,3
4.012 Forgeabillty. The producer of this alloy classifies Its
forgcablllty as slmllar to TI-GAI-4V, (2), Others
clnsslfy the forgeablllty of this alloy as better than that
950
IOSO
45
30 I 0,16 146.1
0.2!i loi5.G
135.2
13G.9
'rested after exposure \\1thout surfucc condltlonlng
13.0
12.5
23,3
26.7

of Tl-BAI-11\Io-lV, not as good as TI-GAI-IV, (11),

but comparable tc Tl-GAI-GV-2Sn (4) Current
speclflcatlons llmllthe forging temperature of this
alloy to 1750 F maximum, One Investigator reports
that this produces a structure having superior fatigue
properties. At these low temperatures, however,
cracking can occur, (12). Fo11.'ing high In the alpha-beta
region reduces cracking tendency and Imparts higher
creep resistance, Creep llfe atlOOOF, 35 ksl Is 1,0122 Effect of processed structure on clcvatct.l temperature
slgnlflcantly Increased by forging well In the beta region, st:WJlity of duplex unncnlcd forging, Table 4.01:!:!.
(12).
TABLfo. -1.01~2

Source T.M.C.A. (10,!>.12\

Allov Ti-GAI-2Sn-t Zr-2Mo
Form Forlrln~:
Condition 1750F, 1 lr, Al,; +1100F 1 Sllr, AC
1000-llr Exposure at Subsequent RT Tensllc Properties
llleform-
Speelman Grnin
Structure
Temp
F I Stress
ksl
nuon
percent
Ftu
ksl I Fty
ksl J c
~percent J RA
_llercent

---- None ----

Equlaxed (1) ---- None 143.5 131.9 17 .o 43,4
Transformed (2) ---- 141, I 129.0 13,5 43.0
Equlaxed 800 65 0,195 142.4 131.4 20.0 40,6
Transformed BOO G5 0,113 141.3 t30.4 17.0 39.8
Equlaxed 900 50 0.250 14B. 9 134.1 17 .o 30.2
Transformed 900 50 0,168 149.4 136.9 lB.O 2B,l
(1) Beta proc6ssed
(2) sub-trnnsus processed

4.03 Welding. Fusion welding by either tho TIG or MIG

process can be performed on this alloy In any of the
presently developed heal treated conditions, As with
any other titanium alloy, the most important factors
In woldlng arc joint preparation, fit up and shielding
of tho wold and heated zones to avoid pickup of
contaminants from tho alr. Postwold or proweld heat
troatmenlll oUcr no Improvement Jn wold properties
~ .
(Figures and Tablos 4.031 to 4,036 and 3.03120),
Resistance welding dl!fera from arc welding In that
inert gaa protocUon 1a not normally necoaeary. The
close proximity of tho mating surfaces and the short

CODE 3718
PAGE 15
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1968

period of tbe weldi-lg cycle preclude slgnJflca nt pickup

Ti of atmosph eric contami nants. Where a continuo us
weldmen t Is produce d such as In seam welding some
6 AI Improve ment in joint properti es may be reallzed by
tbe
use or inert gas protectio n.
2 Sn 4.031 Elfect or heat treatmen t and filler wlre composi Ucn
on
room temperatu11 1 tensile and bend properti es of
4 Zr welded sheet, Figure 4. 031.
2 4.032 Elfect of beat treatmen t on room tempera ture sharp
Mo notch tensile properti es of welded sheet, Table4.0 32.
TABLE 4.032

Source T.M.C. A. (10,p.l6 )

AllOy Ti-6A 2Sn-4Z r-2Mo
Form Welded Sheet
Sheet
Welc IJA~
Thlck Weld Preweld Postweld FTY NTS NTS
ness Wire Heat II eat

I I I
ksi ksi
In Treatme nt Treatme nt (1) (2) (21'"''
0,040 None None None
0.040 None llOOF,2 -IIr, AC 146 122 lllG
0.040 None Nono
None
llOOF,2 -IIr, AC
1142111G 121
154 112 106
0.040 None ll00F,2 -IIr, AC llOOF,2 -llr, AC 155 104 118
o.o8o None
I I ,1~ij ll3l
I
None None
0.080 None None l200F,2 -+tr, AC 138 1~8
0.080 None None 1400F,1 -IIr, AC 132 122
0,080 Tl-
GAl-

I
2Mo 1None
0.080 Tl-
50A I None
1 None 112sp~., 1-
I None I UUI1~6 1-
(1) Weld~ longitud inal to tensile direction
(2) Welds transver se to tensile dlrcctlon
All values average duplicat e tosts
30

r ~
~ Kt~17
.001 weld

4.033 t:levnted tempera ture tensile properti es of welded

sheet, Figure 3.03120 .
4.034 Efloot of e>posure to elevated tempera ture with load
on room tempera ture tensllc properti es of weld (cast)
metal given various hen! treatmen ts, Table 4.034.
TABLE 4.034

Source 'l'.III.C. A. (7,p.1l9)

Alloy Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2111o
Form Weld (Cast) Metsi
Con<lltlon Exposed 150-llr, 1000F, 30 ksl

Subsequ ent RT Tensile

Properti es
Creep Ftu Fty e
Heat Treatme nt Deform- ksl lull percent
all on

As Cast No Exposur e
As Cnst 0.672
137 113 a
143 131 6
llOO F, 8-llr, AC 0.369 140 124 8
1300 F,1/4-l lr, AC 0.500 136 123 9
1810 F, 1/2-llr, AC
+UOOF ,1-llr, AC 0.300 133 121 5
1810 F,l/2-ll r, AC
+HOOF, 8-Hr, AC 0.386 135 121 6

CODE 3718
PAlE 16
 J I

\. .) 4,035 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature witllloul on

room temperature tensile propertien or :,,\o"t"lrl,.d sheet Ti
ltlven vnrlous beat treatments. Table 4, 035.
TABLJ: 4.035 6' AI
2 Sn
Sourr.e T.M.C.A. 10.nn. 15 and 17
LAI!oy Ti-6AI-2Sn-4 Zr-2Mo 4 Zr
Form o. 040 inch Welded Sheet 2 Mo
150 t..Jl.~ Exposure at Subsequent RT Tensile Properties
Preweld Postweld Deform-!
!lent
Treatment
None
Heat
Treatment
None
Tem~
F l
---
Stress
ksi
None
I ntlon
percent 1
Ftu
ksi
166
I Fty
ksl
142
I e
oercsnt
4.5
----
l l
1100 F, 2-Hr, AC None None 168 146 3.0
None
1100 F, 2-Hr, AC I 1100 F, 2-Hr, AC
1100 F, 2-Hr, AC
---
---
None
None
170
170 I 154
155 I 5.0
3.0

None None BOO 65 0.209 1B2 163 3.5

1100 F, 2-Hr, AC None BOO 65 0.1B5 172 155 2.5
None
1100 F, 2-Hr,
None
AC I 1100 F,
1100 F,
None
2-Hr,
2-Hr,
AC
AC I BOO
BOO
900
I 65
65
45
I 0.088
0.092
0.452
I 168
174
1BO
I 156
160
164
I 3.5
4.0
4.0
AC

I
1100 F, 2-Hr, None 900 45 0.510* 173 160 1.5
None
1100 F, 2-Hr, AC I 1100 F,
1100 F,
2-Hr, AC
2-Hr, AC I 900
900 I 45
45 I 0,177
0.199 I 173
177
160
163 I 2.5
3.0

None None 1000 25 o. 706 181 108 3.0

llOOF, 2-Hr, AC None 1000 25 0.610 174 164 2.0
No no
1100 F, 2-Hr, AC I 1100 F, 2-Hr,
1100 F, 2-H'r,
AC
AC I 1000
1000
Weide longitudinal to tensile direction, tested In a-exposed condition
I 25
25 I 0.407
0.356 I 172
174 I 162
163 I 2.0
2.0

Single values; all others average of duplicate testa

4.036 Room temperature shear-tension and cross-tension
strength of single rcsistnncc spot welds given various
heat treatments, Table 4. 036.
TABLE 4,036

Source T.M.C.A. (10,p.17)

Alloy T: -6AI2l:in-4Zr-2Mo
Form o. 040 in Sheet, Single Resistance
Spot Welds
Praweid Postweld
Heat Breaking Lend - lbs (1)
Heat
Trontmcnt Treatment Shear
Tension I Cross-
Tension
670
None None 2190
llOOF, 2-Hr,
AC None 20BO 660
None 1100F,2-Hr,
AC 1660 440 3B
llOOF, 2-llr, 1100F,2-Hr, THiAI-2Sn-4 Zr-2Mo

--
AC AC 1650 400 O. 040-IN SHEET
(1) Average of 'I rlpllcate Tests 1650F, 1/2 HR, AC +
1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
,
---
36
4,037 El~ect
of heat treatment a.'ld thermal exposure, with ...
~
and wlU10ut a salt environment, on mom temperature
cross-tension strength of resistance spot welds,
Figure 2. 0327.
_.....-- ' '
'

RT HARDNESS - EXPOSURE TilliE \

AS RECEIVED
I
10 HR
100 HR
I 1000 HR
HARDNESS MEASURED ON 30-N SCALE AND CONVERTED
TO RC
10 _L
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
EXPOSURE TEMP-F
F!G. 1.061 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATURE
HARDNESS OF DUPLEX ANNEALEl' oii;::':T
(l,p.268)

CODE 3718
PAuE 17
 1900
Ti Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo ,19
6 AI / ./
2 Sn
1800

v
4
2'
Zr
MO 1700
#

v
/
v
/
""=:
I

I II
lol
B-+fi .~,$
lJ
~ 1600
lol

~
01
E-o 1500
I
I 1/
v
1'.
H..

~~~ ~" r\. .~""-

"\

""' t'\ """' " ""'

1\
I'.
1400 1'\ 1\
oc.'
1\.
'
1300
10 100
TIME-SECONDS
FIG, 2.0121 ll:10THERMAL T-T-T DIAGRAM FOR Ti-GAl-2Sn~IZr-2Mo

(7,p, 28)

10
Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo 10
0, 040-IN SHEET
1650 F, 1/2 HR, AC+ T! -6A L-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
1450 F, 1/4-HR, AC 2 1/8 INCH DIAMETER BAR
8

v
1G50F, 1 IJR, AC + /
8
~
~ 1100 F, 8-IIR, AC r-
1:-<
!:: "'0'
~
v
0' 6
"' "'=: G
~ :::.
=: .,p.,=:
lol
p., 4 Le/
!-<
MEASUREMENT PARALLEL TO
...E-o 4
...........
""~ ROLLING DffiECTJON i=!
THEHMAL CONDUCTIVITY
<Q
<Q RUNl
2 MEASUREMENT PARALLEL
SAME SPECIMEN 2

RUNZ
TO LONG DIRECTION -

0
0 200 400 GOO 800 1000 1200 0 I
200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMPERATUHE-F
TEMPERATURE-F
FIG. 2.0131 Tf!ERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF DUPLEX
ANNEALED SHEET, FIG. 2.0132 THERMAL CONDUCTMTY OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
(1,p.319) BAR (6,p.9)

CODE 3718
PA8E 18
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

7 0.3
Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo l l/8 INCH DlAMETER BAR
Ti
l l/8 INCH DlAMETER BAR
1650F, 1 HR, AC + 6 AI
l650F, l HR, AC +
llOOF, 8 HR, AC r::'o.2 HOOF, 8 HR, AC
2 Sn

-
6
eJ ~
_J_ ___.......- f--- ~ 4
2
Zr
Mo

v MEAN COEFF LINEAR THERMAL EXPANSION

FROM RT TO TEMP INDICATED. _ 0
SPECIFIC HEAT

800
I
1000 1200
0 200 400 600
MEASUREMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION
AVERAGE ASCENDING-DESCENDING TEMPERATURE-F
TEMPERATURES. FIG. 2.0152 SPECIFIC HEAT FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED
3 BAR
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 (6, p. 8)

TEMPERATURE-F
FIG. 2.0142 THERMAL EXPANSION FOR DUPLEX
ANNEALED BAR
(6,p.l0)

85
I I I
Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
0.0381N SHEET, TWO IIEATS, TWO SPECIMENS EACH HEAT.
l650F, 1/2 fiR, AC + l450F, 1/4 IIR, AC. MEASUREMENT
PARALLEL TO ROLLING DffiECTION -

u
:z:
7
80

.

rw
/
~ ~1,.
...
-h
~
'

... /
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY

.~
I 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
TEMPERATURE-F
FIG. 2.0221 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
SHEET
(6,p.l2)

0.3
Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
0. 040 INCH SHEET
l650F, l/2 IIR, AC +
r: 0.2 l450F, l/4 IIR, AC

~ ~
!>: ~
r.l
p..
0.1
[:!
Ill
SPECIFIC HEAT

0 1200
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMPERATURE-F

FIG. 2.0151 SPECIFIC HEAT FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED

SHEET
(1, p. 217)

CODE 3718
PAGE 19
 Ti ~ 80r-----------
60
--------------------------~
6 AI ~
Ti-6Al-2Sn -4Zr-2Mo
0, 050 INCH SHEET
0 0 0 1675F, 1/2 HR, AC + llOOF, 8 IIR, AC
I~
No Cracking
TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo

TEST TEMPERATURE 800F

2 Sn ~0
\~
1------1-...- 1775F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1100F, 8 IIR, AC
I I
4
2
Zr
Mo
""
0
!-<
TESTTEMP-F
550
\ fr ~RA~KING
\ \ {}. '.~ ~
fil
~ 4ol---=:::::~~.-+==--_,l--_:_~+- rr--+oc:::::=::d:r-----1 (B)'
..lJ- INO JRACKING
e
~ 2 ~
( ~A)

...........
"' ~).. ~~
~ -"".r.-:,_DEAD WEIGHT LOAD APPLIED TO NaCI COATED
TENSILE SPECIMEN OF CONTINUOUSLY VARYING
:;j CROSS SECTION
0 0~----L-----~----~----~----~----~
E o 2oo 4oo soo 8oo 1ooo 12oo "l
~ TIME-HOURS
FIG. 2,0322 HOT SALT CRACKING CHARACTERISTICS OF
DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET AT 550,800 DEAD WEIGHT !.DAD APPIJF.D TONnCI COATED TENSILE
AND 1000 F SPECIMEN OF CONTINUOUSLY VARYING CROSS SECTION
(7,p68)
0 I
o. 1 10 100 1000
TIME-HOURS
(A) TI-8Al-1Mo-1V, HEAT A, 0.050 INCH SHEET, DUPLEX ANNEALED.
(B) Tl-6,\l-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, 0, 063 INCH SHEET, 1650F, 1/2 HR, AC +
145CF, 1/4 HR, AC + llOOF, 2 IIR, AC.
(C) TI-8Al-1Mo-1V, HEAT B, 0.055 INCH SHEET, DUPLEX ANNF.ALED
FIG. 2. 0324 SHORT TIME HOT SALT CRACKING
CHARACTERISTICS OF TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo AND
TI-8AI-1Mo-1V SHEET AT 800 F (8, pp, 6 and 15)
70
TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo- 0, 050 IN SHEET
0 1675F, 1/2 HR, AC +
llOOF, 8 HR, AC
1775F, 1/2 HR, AC +
~ 60 1100F, 8 HR, AC
\
................
~ (} CRACKING
lit--!. _.
~ 50
NO CRACKING
0 ............. (A)
""0
~ 40 '-i--- <il- ~ ,_
~
~
0
et:
g
!:! 30
...n
~
..:1
...: 20

~
c;
--- IJ
(t.
M: f-.-e.
(D)

(E)
(C)

TEST TEMPERATURE 800F

10
DEAD WEIGHT LOAD APPLIED TO NnCI COATED
TENSILE SPECIMEN OF CONTINUOUSLY VARYING
CROSS SECTION DEAD WEIGHT !.DAD APPIJED TO NaCI COATED
0 I
TENSILE SPECIMEN OF CONTINUOUSLY VARYING
0 200 GOO 400
800 1000 1200 CROSS SECTION, FOR CYCLIC TEMPERATURE
TIME-HOURS TESTS, CUMULATIVE TIME AT 800F IS TAKEN
(A) Tl-679, BAR, SOWTION TREATED AND AGED. AS THE TIME PARAIIIETER
(B) Tl-679, "' 0,050 IN SHEET, SOWTION
TREATED AND AGED.
(C)
0~----~~------~~------~~------~---
TI-6AI-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo. 0.1 10 100 1000
(D) TI-6AI-4V, -v 0.050 IN SHEET, MILL ANN.
(E) TI-8Al-1Mo-1V,..,0.0 50 IN SHEET, DUPLEX TIME-HOURS
ANN. FIG. 2,0325 SHORT TilliE HOT SALT CRACKING
FIG. 2,0323 HOT SALT CRACKING CHARACTERISTICS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIPLEX ANNEALED
SHEET FOR STATIC AND CYCLIC TEST
TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo AND THREE OTHER
TEMPERATURES
TITANIUM ALLOYS AT 800 F. (2,p. 19)
(8, p.15)

CODE 3718
PAGE 20
 MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

\---- 18 o-y'
Ti
6 AI
. ~t ---- t --~-r- ~ -- 4
EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE
16 of----
t-~~- 600 700 ..,j 800 2 Sn
g @ 8 ' 4 Zr
<> WJ. - 0 ,-.l
FTU
2 Mo
140
TI-6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
0.040 INCH SHEET
1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + ~
12 1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
120 LONGITUDINAL DffiECT!ON

} EXPOSURE STRESS
6, 40 PERCENT }

0 60 PERCENT FTY
0 80PERCENT
100
FILLED POINTS DENOTE
SPECIMEN FAILED WITHOUT
YIELDING

16 d-...,1"

12
..._
~ 14p C!.
D.
---o 0 L,)

~ n 0
0 FTY
I..T ~ TI-Al-2Sn-!Zr-2Mo
0. 040 INC II SIIEET
~-Y'- HESISTANCE SPOT WELDS
~
<>
0
~ A
-......;: --,.. PHE\\'E LD POSTWE J.D Am SALT
IIEATTREAT IIEATTREAT El\'"POSURE EXPOSURE

~ t'B~~
~IN) NONE NONE 0
5 HOOF, 211R,AC NONE 0
~ NONE HOOF, 211H,AC /::; A
...~ r-o
t--O IIOOF, 211R,AC llOOF, 2 fiR, AC <>
oty- "' 700 AVT:RAGE OF DUPLICATE TESTS
20 22 24 26
UNEXPOSED EXPOSURE CONDITIONS!(T+460) (LOG t + 20) l0-3
28 :l

FIG. 2,0326 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE IN DRY SALT ON ROOM

TEMPERATUllE SMOOTH TENSILE PHOPEHTIES
OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SIIEET (1,p.288)

100 ~----'\r---~~----~----~------~----~
RT GOO 800 1000
150 HOUR EXPOSURE TEMI'ERATURE-F
FIG. 2.0327 EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT AND TIIERMAL
EXPOSURE, WITH AND WITHOUT A SALT ENVmON-
MENT, ON ROOM TEMPERATURE CROSS-TENSION
STRENGTH OF RESISTANCE SPOT WELDS.
(10,p.18)

CODE 3718
PAGE 21
Ti NONFERROUS. ALLOYS MARCH 1968 _

7
u
Ti T1-6Al-2Sn -4 Zr2Mo
0.040 INCH SHEET
G AI 1650F, 1/2 HOUR,AC
6 1- + 1450F, 1/4 HOUR,AC
2 Sn "L" AND "T" DIRECTION
4
2
Zr :r.l
Mo Po
- I--

v v
15 5
,____ _ ___. 1>:
r.l
Po
15 MEAN COEFFICIENT UN EAR
4 THERMAL EXPANSION FROM -
'i'0
... ROOM TEiIPERATURE TO
TEMPERATURE INDICATED

3 I I I
0 200 400 600 BOO 1000 1200
TEMPERATURE-F
FIG. 2.041 THERMAL EXPANSION FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED
SHEET
(1,pp.32G-327)

T1-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo TI-6Al-2Sn-4 Zr2Mo

L T 0. 010 INC II SHEET
0 1/2 INCH ROUND ROJ,LED BAH L 'i'
0
0,040 INCH SHEET - 0 e SOL'N ,\NNEALED AS INDICATED, AC +
0
<J : OUTSIDE} 3 INCH SQUARE
CENTER FORGED BAR
SOWTION ANNEALED AT INDICATED TE~IPEHATUllES
0
HOOF, 2 Ill!, AC
SOL'N ANNEALED AS INDICATED,
14fiOF, J/4 1111, AC
AC +

FOR INDICATED Tll\IES - ISO D. A SOI.'N ANNEAI,ED AS INDICATED, AC +

1150F, 1/1 lilt, AC + HOOF, 2 Ill\, AC

~ P-- 0 p-- 170

'~
1~ il- Ha u _/
FTU
!GO tii
~

i: ' /~ ) (
FTU

160 - ~
<;;J r;'"
... ~ 140 "'
~.., kr---~ r- d
160 ~

"< ~ ~~ /

...... . ._,. v)i'

I

...:::>
~ II-..!"' 0 ..-'
["--i D~
~ ~ v'
150"'
I

!:
140
-, tr Fn
u
D
120
-~

...........~
N ~
~

126
~~- 160 140
(X) FTY
SOLUTION ANNEALED AS INDIVIDUAL SPECIMENS
0,252 -INCH DlAMETEH SPECIMENS ~ ~ ~ .......
50
RA
-~i-o~ ,.---0- ~~
'
i:
150
:) v ~
~r--~ a-- '
~
40
-~~ -'1,.-< ~~ "'
140
~ P--- ~-
,>
~
Po
30

20
e
,..
IJ-~ ,-----~ ,- 0
.. ~~ 15
_..,_-;-::::j ~:--, t-
~~
~' ~ 10
....
0
~ ~
~ IFO ;.. ~
l
I
0 ~ 5
1350 1450 1550 1650 1750 1850
SOWTION TF.MP-F 0
1550
1450 1650 1750
BAR 2 2 1 1 1/2 1/2 SOLUTION TEMP-F
SHEET 8 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/4 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/4
FORGING 1 1 1 SOLUTION TIME IIR
SOLUTION TIME, IIR, AIR COOL FIG, 3.02102 EFFECT OF SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMPER
FIG. 3.02101 EFFECT OF SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMPERATURE ON ATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE
ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF PROPEHTIES OF DUPLEX AND TRIPLEX
SOLUTION ANNEALED BAR, SHEET AND FOHGING ANNEALED SHEET.
(7,pp,36,38 nnd 41) (7,p,38) (13,pp. 8 nnd 9)

CODE 3718
PAGE 22
 MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

T1-GAI-2Sn~rzr-2Mo Ti
1/2 INCH ROUND ROLLED BAR
HEAT A,. llEAT B 6 AI
SOL'N ANNEALED AT INDICATED TEMPEllATU RES
FOR INDICATED TIJIIES, AIR COOLED~ ANNEALED 2 Sn
llOOF, 8 IIR, AC 4 Zr
- 180 2 Mo

~ 1\ L ---...! r-

--- - --
FTU
I r.o

~ v Iii
:.:
I~

7
\ ""-- 1-JQ
160
FTY~ ...
~.
j

!2 140 ~ ~
-~
l:W

"'.....
I
><
...
!-<
~--
Ti -<iA! -~Sn-1 Zr-2Mo
120 AS INDiCATED ~ 1/-1 INC II DlAMETElll lOLLED BAll
llEAT A, SOLUTION Tl~1r:
HEAT B, SOLUTION TIME I/~-l1H 17501', { -- e lOOOF, Tllllt: SIIOWN, AC
<'> !lin, AC + --A I0501', TIME SIIOWN, AC
>

-
- - - - . 11001', TIME SIIOWN, AC
50
Jl,\
....... ~~ ~\
40
....- ~ v \\ 5
... FTU
30
.
...,.,,.,..,
!-<
ztol
g
tol
c.. 10
20 t-_....,~

1450
...-
15fi0
c

"'~ .....

1650 175tJ
"'
~

1850
i1\'
--

.H.I:iO
o...._
;,

1:: 0
-;...1-- !-' -
=-
-

FTy
~
-.....
SOLUTION T1,~!1'-l'
125
2 1 1 1/~
t--:: 1-- J: -y J.-
-.
FIG. 3,02105
SOLUTION TI~IJ::,

EFFECT OF SOLl'TION ANNI:Al. TE~Ii'

lilt

ON liT TENSIIJ: PllOPI:trrn: s OF l>l!PI.t::;

(I .r !-::I"
..- ... - r-....
SOI.'l" .\;>;l"EALEIJ AS FULL SECTIONS:
ANNEALED BAll 11 ;,
(7 ,p.3G) ST,\BIU;:/,TI ON ANN!,,\I.EO AS INDIVIDUAl,
SPECI~ll,NS
11 0 OUTS !DC: WNGITUDIN AL TESTS
0 IIOOM TE~IPEilATUilE
>
..
r, -

5
?..::: -& r-:::-:- - f--. --.} -\---
~ !----
'e
llA

-
sW
0
<Ia
-
~---
(---
..... --- ,_
-
c

-
0 I
10 15 20 25 45 "" 50
STABIUZATI ON AGE TIME, HOURS

FIG. 3.02106 EFFECT OF STABI!JZAT ION AGE

TIME AND TEMPERATU RE ON TilE
ROOM TEMPERATU ilE TENS!l,E
PllOPERTIE S OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
HOLLED DAR
(13, p. 45)

CODE 3718
PAGE 23
II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1968

Ti Tl-6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
3 INCH SQUARE FORGED BAR
u
6 AI
L T
2 Sn
0 e OUTSIDE} SOL'N ANN AS INDIVIDUAL SPECIMENS
4 Zr AT INDICATED TEMPERA'11JRES,
(f CENTER AC + llOOF, 8 HR, AC
2 Mo 0 OUTSIDE} SOL'N ANN IN FULL SECTIONS
I( AT INDICATED TEMPERA'11JRES, AC
rJ' CENTER + UOOF, 8 HR, AC
150
_1i
Jw FTU !
If.,--! p 140~
~ '
150 130 ~
~ "'
' 140 120
_,Qr._
E Jl( FTY
130
.Itt, ~

ro-
50

40 dl'of~ v
......1 ~ r--~ RA
-...., ~::::.___~
~ 30
"'
g 4t,_ <
~ 20
- Cll .,~

"
e
10

0
1550 1650 1750 1H25 Ti-GAI-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
SOLUTION TEMP-F o. O.JO INCH SHEET, LONGI'11JDINAL DIRECTION
SOWTION ANNEALED AS INDICATED
FIG. 3.02109 EFFECT m SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMPERATUHE UNEXPOSED
ON ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PIIOPERTIES EXPOSED: 900F, 45- KSI, 150 HR
OF DUPLEX ANNEALED FOHGING. EXPOSED 1000F, 25KSI, 150 HI!
(7 ,pp. 41-42)
180
FTU
-. ~ ..It- l-

18 0 /
!GO t1i
~ J--_ -~ ~
:..:
...! '
...... !:
0
-t h~~- -~~
140 "'

--
"'1
14 0 ~ FTY
v
~

.> c
5
I
0

5 " c -.,._
1350 1450 1550 1650 1750
SOWTION TEMP-F
8 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/4-1/2
SOWTION TIME !lOUR
FC AC AC AC AC
COOLING RATE
FIG. 3.02110 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
TEMPERA'11JRE WITH LOAD ON ROOM
TEMPERA'11JRE TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF SOLUTION ANNEALED SHEET (7 ,pp.38&50)

CODE 3718
pAQ[ 24
 MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS Ti

I
\ ) 180
Ti -6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo Ti
0. 040 INCH SHEET
1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 6 AI
1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
170
2 Sn
LONGITUDINAL, R'f TESTS
4 Zr

F TU ~ v -
~- \
2 Mo

v 1GO

16 0
~
/v t
~ \
150 ~

""
FTY

~~ ''_._
'
~
15 0
v 140

~
v '
Q 130

EXPOSURE TIME
8 AS HECEIVED
10 fiR
13 0 - 120
A 100 fiR
1000 fiR THiAI-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
0.040 INCfl SfiEET, LONGITUDINAL
> ;>
DIHECTION
SOI.'N ANN AS INDIC.-\TED +
5 llOOF, 2 JIH,AC

--
e(21N)
- 0 UNEXPOSED
_. -0EXPOSED: 900F, 45-KS!, I50 IIR

-0EXPOSED: 1000F, 25-KSI, 150 fiR
SOL'N ANN AS INDICATED+
0 1450F, 1/4 fiR, AC
200 400 GOO 800 1000 1200
- - euNEXPOSED
EXPOSURE TEMP-F --.EXPOSED: 900F, 45-KSI, 150 fill 180
--.EXPOSED: IOOOF, 25-KSI, 150 fill
FIG. 3.02111 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEMPEl!-
~
" ~
~~
ATURE ON ROOM TEMPERA TUnE TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SfiEET
(1, pp. 265-266)
~ 111"---~
--<11 ' I ,_
. --~ ....~' 160 '
~
-----1
FTU ----"' "'
160
-< ~
--4 pr-
- ~
___.....i - 140

-u:::--- -~
FT;--4 --
E 15
~

~
~ 10
- - ;;.-_

c
...
I
5
1450 1550 1650 1750
SOLUTION TEMP-F
1/2 1/2 1/2 1/4-1/2
SOLUTION TIME-IIR
AC AC AC AC
COOLING RATE
FIG. 3.02112 EFFECT OF EXJ>OSUHE TO ELEVATED TEMPER
ATURE WITH LOAD ON ROOM TEMPERATURE
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
SHEET GIVEN VARIOUS SOLUTION ANNEAL
TREATMENTS (7 ,pp. 38 & 50)

CODE 3718
PAGE 25
Ti NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1968

Tl-6Al-2Sn-1Zr-2Mo
Ti SHEET
6 AI 1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 IIR, AC +
llOOF, 2 HR, AC
2 Sn L T
4 Zr --- 0 UNEXPOSED
0 EXPOSED: SOOF, 65-KS!, !50 Ill!
2 Mo - - - - !::.
{ 0 A EXPOSED: 300F, 45-KS!, 150 IIH
EXPOSED: lOOOF, 25-KSI, 150 IIH
- !SO
1- ROOM TEMPERATURE TESTS

- 16 0
. /A;_
.... jl:t FTU
~--=-~~+~--------~~--~~~~-----+------+------4 !GO
- -r--r---:~f-:.:-.::-:_J-t-l-::..:-:----::.
1111

'= 1-10
~
I

~ ..::::.::.::..: ~ ~-
!:l
<I>

...--- - '~
...>- FTY
t.. 14 0
--:::
-~-::::...

,___
...z
:.l
g
tol

"'
10
0

0
.,
-- .4
f---

.G
--:4

.8 1.0
SIIEET TIIICKNt:SSINCII
c
-
......
"I-

1.:! 1.1
TI-HAI-:.!Sn-t Zr-~:\lo
1/~ INC II DIA~IETEII HOUND DJ\11,
0</J' HOI.L!.;[),SOI/N AJI<NEALEll
AT INDICA Tim TF.~IPEIIATUHES
FOil INIJIC,\TEIJ TI~H:S + IIOOF, 8 Ill!, AC
FIG. 3.02115 EFFECT OF 1-:XPOS!JIII: TO I:U:VATI-:D TI:~IPJ-:11-
ATUHt; WITII LOAD ON 110m1 TJ-:~IPEIL\Tt:I:E EXPOS!Jin:
TENSILE PHOPEIITII:S OF THIPU:X AXNE.\I.Eil f- e NO!'E - 180
SHEET OF VAHIOUS TIIICKNESSES
(HI,p. 10,1
ROOF, 70-KSI, 150 lilt.
IOOIIF. :10-KSI, 150 Jill
... 11001', 15-KSI, 150 Ill!

...... !GO~
_...
-
lSI I
--.::: ....
.. ~'Tu
(:
t..

100 140

I
~d .~ ~
~ ... -,=:::.:.;!5
FTY
-.. r-----.....::
......__

1'--._,_
l~f )
~

.5
GO

40
--
'--:::: I lA
-.-.~-....
.... _

10
_.... c """"""'
t::--
t\
-~

0
1650 1700 1750 1800
SOLUTION TEMP-I'
1850 "
1900

1 1/2 1/2
SOWTION TIM E-lm
FIG. 3.02116 EFFECT OF E.XPOSUHE TO t:LEVATED TEMPER-
ATUHt; WJTII LOAD ON ROOM TEMPF.RATURE
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
BAH GIVEN VAIUOUS SOLUTION Al'o'NEAL
TREATMENTS (7,pp. 47-18)

CODE 3718
1---------
PAGE 26
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo Ti -6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
3 INCH SQUARE FORGED BAR 3 INCH SQUARE FORGED BAR Ti
SOL1N ANN, 1 HR, AC, SPECIMENSINDMDUALLY
AS INDMDUAL SPECIMENS HEAT THEATED,SOL1N ANN,1 HR, 6 AI
UNEXPOSED AC + 1100F0 .8 HR, AC 2 Sn
EXPOSED: 900F, 45-KSI,
e
UNEXPOSED
150 HR
EXPOSED: 900F, 45 KSI,
150HR
4 Zr
EXPOSED: 1000F, 25-KSI,
150"HR 160
EXPOSED: 1000F, 25 KSI, 160 2 Mo

-.....
150.HR
-J Fro
~
140 I

~
"'
140
,~ FTY 120

~
~ 120
I

OUTSIDE LONGITUDINAL

100
,>
50
RA
40
........
....~.--- .. 1 .......

1550 1650 1750

SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMP-F
1850

FIG. 3.02121 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEMPER-

3

....j .-II"
e
- .-
ATURE WITH LOAD ON ROOM TEMPERATURE 1550 1650 1750 1850
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION ANNEALED SOWTION ANNEAL TEMP-F
FORGING
(7 ,pp. 41 and 54 ) FIG. 3.02122 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEMPER-
ATURE WITH LOAD ON ROOM TEMPERATURE
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
FORGING
(7 .pp. 41 and 54)

TI-6Al-2Sn-4 Zr-2Mo
1/2 INCH SQUARE BAR

RT -80F
0 SOL'N ANN AT INDICATED
TEMP, 1/2 HR. AC
0 SOL1N ANN AT INDICATED
TEMP, 1/2 HR, AC
50 1- + llOOF, 8 HR, AC -
(')
40
L-(;
~ t:::---- ---
...:..--- ~er-
-
--
20

10

0
--
1-::::::

IE, CHARPYV

1700 1750 1800

SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMP-F

FIG. 3.0231 EFFECT OF SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMPERATURE ON

STANDARD CRARPY IMPACT ENERGY FOR SOLUTION
ANNEALED AND DUPLEX ANNEALED BAR AT
ROOM TEMPERATURE AND -80 F. (7,p.65)

CODE 3718
PAGE 27
 II NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1968

5
Ti T1-6Al-2Sn -4Zr-2Mo T1-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2 Mo
o. 036 - o. 040 INCH SHEET 0, 040 INCH SREET
6 AI SOLUTION ANNEAL AS INDICATED
2 Sn 4 160 L T -
4 Zr 0 FTY

2 Mo ~
<> NTS

140 ~ ~
FTY
.J-
- --r
---..: <
~
;/ NTS
~~

0
D. ..


SOLN ANN AS
INDICATED
+ llOOF,
+ 1450F,
2 HR, AC
1/4 HR, AC
12 0
<

~
v ~~~
Kt ~17

<> ( 1450F,
+ l+llOOF,
1/4 HR, AC
2 HR, AC
10 0
1350 1450 1550 1650 1750
MINIMUM BEND RADIUS, r/t SOLUTION TEMP-F
FOR 105F AFTER SPRINGBACK 8 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/4
SOLUTION TIME-IIR
0 1'C AC AC AC AC
1350 1450 1550 1650 1750
COOLING RATE
SOLUTION TEMP-F
FIG. 3.02711 En'ECT OF SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMPERATURE
8 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/4 ON !lOOM TEMPERATURE SIIARP NOTCII
SOLUTION TIME-IIR PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION ANNEALED SHEET
FC AC AC AC AC (7 ,p G3)(10,pp 8 ond 9)
COOLING RATE
FIG. 3.0241 EFFECT OF SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMPEHATUHE
ON ROOM TEMPERATURE MINIMUM BEND HADIUS
OF SOLUTION ANNEALED, DUPLEX ANNEALED
AND TRIPLEX ANNEALED SIIEET
(7,p.71)

Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2 Mo

-0
0, 040 lnch Sheet

e SOL'N ANN AS INDICATED _

I
180
-<>
FTY
} + HOOF, 2 IIR, AC
--0. NTS
FTY
--1:!..& NTS } SOLN ANN AS INDICATED
+ 1450F, 1/4 IIR , AC F
I .,.,
120r------- ------------ ------,----- -,-----, 160
Ti-6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
II /<
-J ~~l:n. 11 t:!---
0, 040 INC II SIIEET
1650F, 1/2 IIR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 I!R, AC -1 r- --11
HT TESTS, LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION In
1<: 140
110 EACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TESTS

~ :?--fj ~
-<
~- NTS
120 -~ GOO
.,.001 .7
Kt ~ 17 -l I j.._
AS- RECEIVED
10 -IIH 10 0 _1 1
100- IIR 14501550 1650 1750
1000- IIR SOLUTION TEMP-F
90~----L-----~----~-----L----~~--~ 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/4
0 200 400 BOO 800 1000 1200 SOLUTION TIME-IIR
EXPOSUitE TEMP-F AC AC AC AC
COOLING RATE
FIG. 3.0251 EFFECT OF EXPOSU!tE TO ELEVATED TEMPER- FIG. 3.02712 EFFECT OF SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMPERATURE
ATURE ON ROOM TEMPEHATURE ULTIMATE ON ROOM TEMPERATURE SHARP NOTCH
SIIEAR STRENGTH OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SIIEET PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SIIEET
(1,p,?.67) (7,p,63)

CODE 3718
PAGE 28
\
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
0,040 INCH SHEET
Ti
SOL'N ANNEAL AT INDICATED 6 A.l
TEMPERATURE, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F,
1/4 HR, AC + llOGF; 2 HR, AC 2 Sn
L T
4 Zr
81 FTY
NTS
2 Mo
160
lfFTY

.......--: ~
- -
14 0
::::;:;( I
NTSJI'

12 0
r-'.00
Kt) ~- 00

10
1500 1550 1600 1650 1700
SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMP-F
FIG, 3.0Z713 EFFECT OF SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMPERATURE TI-6Al-2Sn-4 Zr-2111o
ON ROOM TEMPERATURE SHARP NOTCH 0. 040 INCH SHEET
PROPERTIES OF TRIPLEX ANNEALED SJIEET !G50F, l/2JIR, AC tlOOOF, TIME SJIOWN AC
(7,pp. 63- 64) 1450F, 1/4 HR, AC -.A10SOF, TIME SHOWN AC
-llOOF, TIME SHOWN AC

TltANSVERSE TESTS
160

155

150
s; :..&.-
~-
FTU
. r-- ~ t--'> .,.__
--
145

~
150

145

140 - -
!-;:::: --
,......,~.

FTY
~-~
!:::::t::'t 1---\ A_
--
>

~
135

150

14 5~

..
..,..

NTS
.--~
-
14 0

135
>
.,.oo~ -
Kt ~ 17
7
0> >

10
s,....,.-
. .IlL- -~
c

- '('-
-
0 5 10 15 20 25 45 50
STABILIZATION AGE TIME-HOURS
FIG. 3.02715 EFFECT OF STABILIZATION AGE 'l'lli1E AND
TEli1PEitATURE ON ROOM TEli1PEitATURE
SMOOTJI AND SHARP NOTCH TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF TRIPLEX ANNEALED SHEET
(13,p.20)

CODE 3718
PAGE 29
 I
\.._)
Ti THIA1-2Bn- 4Zr-2Mo
Tl-6Al-2Bn-4 Zr-2Mo
0.036 INCH SHEET
SHEET
6 AI 1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4HR, AC
1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
lOOOF, HR EXPOSURE AT INDICATED TEMPS
2 Sn + llOOF, 2 HR, AC
OOOL T RTTESTS
Fro

-
4 Zr FTY NTS
0 L

i i

.... -
2 Mo
- .! 180

--
160

~TU
140
~
-:..~ ~_ --,.._ ~ 16 0 .- _.
Fro

FTY...., ...........
--,
~J -- --1--
~-- I
f*....,. ,.._-.
0~
'~-"jl;
NTS~
_.....-< >-........._
T
12 140

~'>
,7
7 NTS-y ~ r~~ 1

20 120
ALL SPEC. ACID PICKLED
r-'.00~ .7
e(2 IN)

- .--- 0.002 PER SURFACE AFTER

0 -- 20

(~
EXPOSURE PRIOR TO TENSILE TEST

e
~
'
0

.2 .4 .6 .8 1.0 1.2 1.4
SHEET TIIICKNESS-INCH
FIG. 3,02717 EFFECT OF TIIICKNESS ON ROOM TEMPEHATURE
SMOOTH AND SUARP NOTCII TENSILE PROPERTIES
0 ~
RT 600 700 800 900 1000
OF TRIPLEX ANNEALED SHEET E"-'l'OSURE TEMP-F
(lO,p.8) FIG. 3.02719 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATU RE
SMOOTH AND SHARP NOTCH TENSILE
PROPERTIE S OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET
(10,p.9)

TI-6AI-2Sn- 4Zr-2Mo
0.040 INCH SHEET
1650!', 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
+ llCiOF, 2 IIR, AC
Tl-6Al-2Sn-4 Z r-2Mo RT TESTS,EACH PT AVEHAGE TWO TESTS
0,040 INCH SHEF.T
1.650F, 1/2 IIR, AC + f-
180 L T EXPOSUHE TIME

1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
RT TEMP TESTS,EACH PT AVERAGE 2 TESTS -0 100 HR
---D. FTY )><:

-
1000 JIR
L T EXPOSURE TlME 160
-~- h:.~/- ....
---Q
gj
160
-C:.
100 HR
1000 HR
....~

- IF, ~--~
.. Ill/ ~
14!1
N1S J
a'
1201----+----+-
r<: .001
Kt~17
~
600
120
'<"l}
Kt ~17 7
~

.7
100 ~
100~----~----~------~----~------~----_J 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 EXPOSURE TEMJ-F
EXPOSUIU: TEMP-f'
FIG. 3.02720 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO El.EVATED TEMPEH-
FIG. 3.02718 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEMPERATU RE ATIJIIE ON ROOM TEMPERATU RE SHARP NOTCH
ON ROOM TEMPERATU RE SHARP NOTCH STRENGTH STRENGTH OF TRIPLEX ANNEALED SHEET
OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET (13,p.29) (13, pp. 29-30)

CODE 3718
PAGE 30
 THIA1-2Sn-4 Zr-2Mo Ti
0,036 INCH SHEET
1650F, 1/2 fiR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
6 AI
+ llOOF, 2 HR, AC 2 Sn
1000 HR EXPOSURE AT INDICATED TEMPERATU RES
OOOL T RT TESTS . 4 Zr
180 2 Mo
Fro

16 ..
<~
_f.---
~
J

4tF=-
140
~~
8:
r~.oo~
~~
NTS~
~
.7
120
ALL SPECIMENS ACID PICKLED 0, 002 PER
>
:ruRFACE AFTER EXPOSURE PRIOR TO TENSILE
\
< TESTS ~

20
_,
~ - i-e
"-II

Ti-(;AI-2Sn- 4Zr-2Mo
0 1\. ).036 -0,045 INCH SHEET
600 700 800 900 1000 1650 F, 1/2 lilt, AC +
RT
EXPOSURE TEMP-F 1450 }', 1/1 HR, AC

FIG. 3,02721 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEMPER- r:z:z::z:;. L} G SHEETS 2 II EATS

ATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATU RE SMOOTII AND
SHARP NOTCH TENSIJ,E PROPE!tTIE S OF TIUPLEX
160 ,-s:::s:s:s:s T FROM OI>E PRODUCER 140
ANNEALED SHEET (lO,p,9)
"))
r-----,-------------------------
~160 12
Ti~Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
0, 040 INCH SHEET ~~~~~~~-r--~~__,120 ~
~
1650 F, 1/2 HR, AC +
1450 F, 1/4 HR, AC 140
L T EACH PT
0 HEAT A AVERAGES ~
0 .HEAT B 10 TESTS

0~----~~----~------~

~ 400 GOO 800 100C

5~----~----~------~----~----
800 1000 TEST TEMP-F
0 200 40~ 600
TEST TEMP-F SPREAD OF TENSILE PROPERTIE S AT
FIG. 3.03102
OF TEST TEMPERATU RE ON TENSILE
l::.~''.'ECT
ELEVATED TEMPERATU RES FOR SIX DUPLEX
FIG. 3. ~: oo\
"R)PERTlE S OF Dl1PLEX ANNEALED SHEET ANNEALED SHEETS FROM TWO HEATS,
(l,p.5l)(:l,p. 5) (7 ,pp. 44-45)

CODE 3718
PAGE 31
 T1-6Al-2Sn-4Z r-2Mo
Ti 1650 F, 1/2 HR, AC + Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Z r-2Mo
1450 F, 1/4 HR, AC l/2 INCH DIAMETER ROLLED BAR
6 AI + 1100 F, 2 HR, AC SOWTION ANNEALED 1750F, 1 HR,AC
lONGITUDINAL 130

2 Sn 0, 040 INCH SHEE.T HEAT A
4 Zr O. 036 INCH SHEET}

~
HEATB
140 0.0 5 INCH SHEET
~I FTU
~
2 Mo Fru
100 120
i:!
~ ,_
~
11- ~ ""
~120
~-- "" :--.....
--~ ~:
90 110

100
4._ -I
~
FTY
"" ----1 FTY

E-<20
---~ r--4r~~ ~
t.:l
80

60 .. RA
40
e I !;!
i:i1o
[;!
re o
:..------
t.:l

"" 20 - e --
600 700 800 900 1000 0
TESTTEMP-F 700 800 900 1000
TESTTEMP-F
FIG, 3,03103 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF TRIPLEX ANNEALED SHEET FIG. 3,03105 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
(7. pp. 44-45) PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION ANNEALED BAR
(7,p43)

16 0
1'1
Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Z r-2Mo
150 ~I- 0.040 INCH SHEET

14 0 '\'
- TiGAI-2Sn-4Z r-2Mo

13 0~ '~ 1/2 INCH ROUND ROLLED BAR

.1G75F, 1/2 HR, AC + llOOF, 8 HRAC.

12 0
\~~ ~.... ~ FTU
._
~1775F, 1/2 HR, AC + llOOF, 8 Hli.AC
130

\~ ~~ 120

0 ~ 110 ~
'l~F-ru
r--~ ,... I~
FTY I

10 0 100 ~
"'...
~
I.._""-,
.... 100
- 90
90
.:-- II!TY
80
0 0 1650F,
1450F,
1/2 HR, AC +'
1/4 HR, AC
0
L 12
~ 80
90
Ill~
~........_ "" 80

70
1650F,
1450F,
llOOF,
1/2 HR, AC +
1/4 HR, AC +
2 HR, AC f--- "" 70 ~
...... 4

LONGITUDINAL TESTS 80 >

20
~ RA _.-4 r-
5
p, t.:l
!;!
60
..-I
v
-J ~j::~
t.:l 40
e p.
10 i-= -- - 20
e

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0

TEMP-F 800 900 1000 1100
FIG. 3.03104 SMOOTH TENSILE PROPERTIES AT ROOM AND TEST TEMP-F
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR DUPLEX FIG. 3.03106 EFFECT OF TEST 'fEMPERATUR E ON TENSILE
AND TRIPLEX ANNEALED SHEET PROPERTIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED BAR
(13,p.23) (7 ,p.43)

CODE 3718
PAGE 32
 I I
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I,___,.'-
\ r-----.-------------------------,180
T1 ~Al-2Sn -4Zr-2Mo
ROLLED BAR Ti
11/81N DIA 1650F, 1 HR, AC +
J---+ llOOF, 8 HR, AC
6 AI
160
2 1/4IN DIA 1650F, 1 HR, AC + 2 Sn
llOOF, 8 HR, AC
2 1/4IN DIA 1750F, 1 HR, AC + 4 Zr
llOOF, 8 HR, AC 140 -
OUTSIDE PROPERTIES: 0.252 INDIA !:! 2 Mo
SPEC,HT AS ROUGH SPEC BLANKS
'',, ~
~~-+---~~--+---~---4120~

80

r-------------------------------,wo
Tl~Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo

7 INCH DIAMETER,
3:1 PANCAKE FORGINGS

140 1-.,....:--!-----==Ro.,.---+.:>~--1---~ 120 '1:!

~

200 400 600 800 1000

TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3. 03107 EFFECT OF SECTION SIZE ON ELEV A'l'IW
TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ~
DUPLEX ANNEALED BAR
':.-. 100 80
(2,p.l5)
ct
80

80 -

0~--~----~----~----~--~
0 200 400 600 sao 1000
TEST TEMP-F

FIG. 3.03108 SPREAD OF TENSILE PROPERTIES AT ROOM

AND ELEVATED T :,\iPERATURE FOR
THIRTEEN DUPLEX ANNEAt.ED PANCAKE
FORGINGS FROM TIIREE HEATS
(16)

COD 3718
PAGE 33
 ~ ....." ' ' y

i
.----"T "------ ------- ---...., 180
Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Z
'-
Ti r-2Mo
20 IN DIA COMPRESSOR \\<11EEL FORGING
TI-6Al-2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
1/2 INCH DIAMETER ROLLED BAR
6 AI SOLN ANN AT I:IDICATED TEMPS
FOR INDICATED TIMES, AC
2 Sn SOLN ANN AT INDICATED TEMPS
4 Zr FOR INDICATED TIMES, AC +
llOOF, 8 HR, AC
2 Mo 130
/~
~ ~
~" t
FTU 4
10 0 120 '

0 ~~ ........ ,_
~ ~ 110

~
~
RADIAL~JI==t=====~~--t-~~
TEST TEMPERATUR E: 800F
so 8U
(WEB) RA
( 1750F, 1 HH, WQ+ G0

fLllOOF.
1750F,
8 HH,
1HH,
AC
AC + 0 /
-
--
llOOF, 8 HH, AC ) c
0 ( 1G50F, 1 HH, AC + 0
lllOOF, S HH, AC -~
8 0
1450 1550 1650 1750 1850
SOLUTION TEMP-F
2 2 1 1 1/2
SOLUTION Tll\IE-IIR
FIG. 3.03112 EFFECT 01' SOLUTION ANNEAL TEMPERATUR E
ON 800 F TENSILE PROPEHTIES OF SOLUTION
e ANNEALED AND DUPLEX ANNEALED BAR
200 400 GOO 800 1000 1200 (7,p 43)
TEST TEMP-F

FIG. 3.03109 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATUR E ON TENSILE

PHOPERTIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
COMPRESSOR WHEEL FORGING TI-6Al-2Sn-4Z r-2Mo
(ll,p.10) 1/2 INC II HOUND ROLLED BAH

-
r-
14 0
<!> .
1--
.... FTU<
12 0 - ...\_ 1--
!l-

10 0 .--1--- FTY{

80
~- o'~,. ,.." "'"'""" ""'j
0
1/2 Ill\, WQ + IOOOF, 8 IIR, AC
SOL'N ANN AT INDICATED TEMPS
_
J=-
1/2 Ill\, AC + !<lOOt', 8 Ill\, AC
TEST TEMPEHATUH E: 800F
80 '
0 -.. RA_/\
.......
0
t{ '-1~-
20
e\ r---~
--.... t -
1675
-~ l:
1775 1875
SOLUTION AN!Io"EAL TEMP-F
FIG. 3.03113 EFFECT OF QUENCH RATF; FI\OM SOLUTION
ANNEAL ON 800 F TENSILE I'ROPEHTIES OF
DUPLEX ANNEALED BAH
(7 ,p.43)

CODE 3718
PAGE 34
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

THIA1- 2Sn-4Z r-2Mo Ti

2 1/4 INCH DIAMETER
ROLLE D BAR 6 Ai
2 Sn
4 Zr
2 Mo

... ~650F, lHR, A

+ llOOF, 8HR,AC
1750F, 1HR,AC + :::P~'a-1
llOOF, 8HR,AC
1750F, 1HR,W Q+ -!----.~ Ti-6Al- 2Sn-4Z r-2Mo
llOOF, 8HR,AC 2 1/4 INCH SQ FORGED BAR
- 1875F, 1HR,AC + -
60 1100F, 24HR, AC -1--h iH 150 t-
OUTSIDE LONGITUDINAL
140
~ ...

130 ~ 1\,
0~~ [\~
120 '\
.~\ ~
FTU
\
!il .....
:.: 110 '
100 i ~ I~ ~'
--.:i
<~~ ~FTY
200 400 600 800 1000
TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3.03114 EFFEC T OF HEAT TREAT MENT ON ELEVA TED 90
TEMPE RATUR E TENSILE PROPE RTIES OF - 0 FORGED ~~ ~
DUPLEX ANNEALED ROLLED BAR FROM 1750 F+
80 1750F, lHR,AC + ~~
(13,p.64 ) llOOF, 24 HR, AC ~
FORGED FROM 1900F + _
70 ---
1750F, 1HR,AC +
-
llOOF, 24 HR, AC
._....:
70 --0 FORGED FROM 1750F +-

GO
1875F, 1 JtR, AC +
llOOF, 24 HR, AC /;
.-L~ ---- c
!-<
z
l<l
50

40
.-
_g.--:
;:::;-- ....-RA
I/
/

~ ,.., ..-c:
30 -
-~ ~
w
"' 20

10
-
......
e
-1-----
f- _ _.t p.-A
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEST TEMP- F
LING
FIG. 3.03117 EFFEC T OF FORGING AND ANNEA
TEMPE RATUR ES ON THE ELEVATED
TEMPE RATUR E TENSILE PROPE RTIES
OF FORGED BAR
(13,p.65 )

CODE 3718
PA8E 35
 ""''"r~:;.nnVUO) ALLUT~ MARCH 1968

,:, "',
-~~
Ti Tl-6Al-2S n-4.Zr-2M o
0,040 INCH SHEET
6 AI 1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
1- LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION
2 Sn DUPLICA TE TESTS UP TO 1000F, SINGLES TESTS

-
ABOVE lOOOF
4 Zr
2 Mo -
M~
120

120
100
', J

10u;
' '.4 80
~
'i:
-~~--
- ~ ~~
~

'0 r...

0 ~
60
EXPOSURE TIME '
UNEXPOSED
'o,
60 0 0.~5 HOUR
0 10 HOUR p40
6 100 HOUR
0 1000 HOUR
40

30 j
0 .....
0

0
1:::.\ n
"(2IN)
....ll ~- - ........

GOO 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200

EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3.03119 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATE D TEMPER -
ATURE ON TENSILE PROPERT IES OF DUPLEX
ANNEALED SHEET AT TilE EXPOSURE TEMPER -
ATURE
(1,pp. 51 and 265-266)
Tl-6Al-2S n-4 Zr-2Mo
BAR
1650F, 1 HR, AC +
120
llOOF, 8 JIR, AC

160 . . - - - - . . . . , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
THlAl-2S n-4 Zr-2Mo
0.040 INC II SHEET
1650F, 112 noun, AC +
140 t--'l:c't-- t--1450F , 1/4 HOUR, AC
0 L T
EACH POINT AVERAGES 5 TESTS

80 ~--~--~---~--------~
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TESTTEM P-F
.002 .004 .008 .008 .010 .012
STRAIN- (IN PER IN) FIG. 3.0321 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA TURE ON
COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH OF DUPLEX
FIG. 3.03118 TYPICAL STRESS- STRAIN CURVES FOR DUPLEX
ANNEALED SHEET
ANNEALED BAR (10,p.fi)
(l,p.67)

CODE 3718
PAGE 36
MARCH 1968 NONF ERRO US ALLOYS

300
110r-----~~-------------
---------, Ti
T1-6AI-2 Sn-4Zr-2 Mo
0
0.040 INCH SHEET 6 AI
1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR, 280
QL eT AC 2 Sn
EACH PT. AVERAGES 5 TESTS 4 Zr
260 2 Mo
70 ~
I
240 ;,
!>:
soL-----~---~----~----~----~ r...rtl
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEST TEMP-F
240 1-=-~+--+-+---f".=---1----'--( 220
FIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPER ATURE ON ULTIMATE
SHEAR STRENGTH OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
SHEET
(l,p. 86)(3, p.lO) 200

180
~ 200

1::
~ 1801---~-~r+-~~t---~---; 160

140 400 600

0 200
TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0361 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPER ATURE ON BEARING
PROPER TIES OF DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET
(l,p.77)

Ti-6AI-2 Sn-4Zr-2 Mo
0.040 INCH SHEET
1G50F, l/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR,AC
901--- --+ EACH POINT AVERAGES 2 TESTS
LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION

EXPOSURETIME
e UNEXPOSED
70 Q 0.25 HOUR
0 10 HOUR
/::,. 100 HOUR
() 1000 HOUR
eoL---------~----~----~~- -~
~--~~ --~~
lOOL-----J----~---~----.~
600 700 800 900 1000 1100
-100 0 100 200 300 400
TEST AND EXPOSURE TEMP-F -200
Tf:ST TEMP-F
I:: TO ELEVATED TEMPER -
FIGURE 3. 0352 EFFECT OF EXPOSUR
ATURE ON ULTIMATE SHEAR STRENGTH OF FIG.3. 03712 EFFECT OF TEb'T TEMPER ATURE ON CENTER
DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET AT THE EXPOSURE CRACK TENSlLE -\ND YIELD STRENGTHS OF
TEMPER ATURE DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET
(l,p. 267) (l.pp. 51 and 285)

CODE 3718
PAGE 37
 50r-----------------------
Ti TH!Al- 2Sn-4Z r-2Mo --r--r-----.-,
0, 040 INCH SHEET TI-6Al- 2Sn -4 Zr-2Mo
6 0. 040 INCH SHEET
AI 100
1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR, AC
2 1--- --1- --t-- - LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION
Sn 40 LONGITUDINAL DffiECTION l--1- ----+ ---l
4 Zr
2 Mo 90

~ '
12
Iii
~ 80
~ 20~------~-f------~--~~----~~~--
--~--~
12
Iii
0::
&; 70
10


O,OSPE RCENT )
0.1 PERCE NT
A 0.2 PERCE NT CREEP
., 0,5 PERCE NT
'f' 2.0 PERCE NT
60

A 0,2
0,5
0~----~_.-------~----~~
0.1 10
TIME-H R
----~~
1000

uo FIG. 3,04003 CREEP DEFORMATION CURVE

S AT 1000 F FOR
10 100 1000 DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET
TIME-H R (1,p.271 )
FIG. 3.04001 CREEP DEFORMATION CURVE
S AT 800 F FOR
DUPLE X ANNEALED SHEET
(1, p.~71)

Tl-l!Al- 2Sn-4 Zr-2Mo

0,040 INCH SIIEET
1650 F, 1/2 IJH, AC +
100 -1450 F, 1/4 IJR, AC
BOr-----------------
Tl-l!Al- 2Sn-1Zr -2Mo
--------~-r----~--,
LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION ~
0, 040 INCH SHEET
1/4 IIR, AC 80 .~~-
/-
v ,00 F
./
A~
~~ ~
/
900 F
~
~50~------~-+------~~~~----~~~--~~~~
/
"
~
--
f....
20 ~~
~/ I'
0
lo-s 10-l 10-3
10 100 10-2
1000 MINIMUM CREEP RATE-P ERCEN T PER IIR
TIME-H R
FIG. 3.04002 CREEP DEFORMATION CURVES AT 900 F FOR FIG. 3,04004 MINIMUM CREEP RATE CURVE
S AT 800,
DUPLEX ANNEALED SHEET 900 AND IOOOF, FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED
(1,p.271 ) SHEET (l,p.27 !)

CODE 3718 t
PACIE 38
 II
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

~--------------~----~----~---,105
Tl-6AI-2Sn -4Zr-2M.c>
~------~~~~~--~e-~~~;1o4 ~ 7 INDIA 3:1 PJUii.lAKE
Ti
~
FORGING
103 1750F, 1 HR, AC +
6 AI
110
~~~~~~~~~~--~~--~~--~102 ~ 10
(1)
llOOF, 8 HR, AC
THREE HEATS FROM ONE
2 Sn
4 Zr
..::::::--1 ~UCER,:INE f>RGINGS

~.~
10
(1) ,...,
0
'[yg- ~9~F
0

0
0~ 1
900 F 1000 F

0 0
0
HEAT A
HEA"l' B
1'\. 1000~
,_
50 t:::. HEATC
~
-\
(1) BROKE ON LOADING
4 or- "-
p:\o
30 ......
0.1 10 100 1000 10000
LIFE-HR

FIG. 3.0412 STRESS RUPTURE CURVJ;S AT 900 F AND 1000 F

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED PANCAKE FORGINGS
P=(T + 460) (LOGt + 20) 10-3 (16)

FIG. 3. 04005 MASTER CURVE FOR 0.1 PERCENT CREEP FOR

DUPLEX AND TRIPLEX ANNEALED SHEET
(10,p.13)

TI-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo

SHEET
1650 F, 1/2 IIR, AC +
1450 F, J/4 HI\, AC +
1100 F, 2 Ill\, AC

~--~~~--~~~~~~+-~~104$
"i
3
10 ~
...
F--~..-t:=::::....--::;:o..jo<:::::....--::::li--"!::::..-~...,!:!.::::....---j 102

30

1750 F, 1 HR, AC +
1100 F, 8 IIR, AC
0 0 1650 F, 1 Hit, AC +
'\ \ 1100 F, 8 IIR! AC

\ TESTS IN AXIAL DIRECTION

\
10L-----~----~~----4-----~----~
29 30 31 32 33 34
10L-----~-------L------~------~----~
28 ~ ~ 31 ~ 33 P= (T + 460)(L0Gt + 20) x 10-3
P a (T + 460) (LOGt + 20) !0-3
riG. 3, 04013 MASTER CURVE FOR CREEP IN COMPRESSOR
FIG. 3.04006 MASTEl\ CURVES FOR 0,1 AND 0.2 PERCEN1' WHEEL FORGING
CREEP FOR TRIPLEX ANNEALED SHEET (2,p.22)
(7,p.12)

CODE 3718
PAGE 39
 100
Ti 80 PERCE~=
~- CREEP
;=::: l ..)
60 - '"10, ~ 0,2
6 AI Ti-6Al-2Sn-4 Zr-2Mo ~
40 7 INCH DIAMETER, 3:1 PANCAKE 0.1
2 Sn FORGINGS
1750 F, 1 HR, AC +
4 Zr 1100 F, 8 HR, AC 800 F
10
2 Mo 0
0

40
__,.A
-.. _ .,_ - .....
'A- ;::;
"-"""
1.0 1 -
0.2- ; -
l:
f-
0 Q HEATA
0 HEATB
900 F --r- 0.1
0
..,_...
0

-
HEATC
0
:-8 lA
..... r<--../V-1
-u -~
40
-;:::;.._~ ~ .... ICIJ Cl...,..
,~
-... ~ -::- ~- .... 1.0
20
0.2

1:w
........
0.1
0
10 100 1000 5000
TIME -nouns
FIG, 3,04014 CREEP DEFORMATION CURVES AT 800 F, 900 F AND
1000 F FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED PANCAKE FORGING
(16)

120
I\ I
3R .........
~0:7
100

80
fi23
0,5

UNNOTCIIED (~ = 1)
]
...........

~
A=0.98 ~ -::-
TI-GAI-2Sn- 4Zr-2Mo, 0.040 INC II SHEET
1G50F, 1/2 IJR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 IIR, AC
AXIAL FATIGUE, TENSION (SINUSOIDAL)
-60 SURFACE: MILL FINISII, FREQUENCY:
!2 2500CPM
~
"'~ 40 -~
- r.- - A=0.67
TEST TEMPERATU RE, 70F

1-r--
3: A=0,98 ~

-t-~4~T
o.o 0 37!1 2
__..__r-0.~...1
NOTCHED (K t = 3)

10 5 10 6 10 7
CYCLES TO FRACTURE

FIG. 3.051 AXlAL LOAD SMOOTH AND NOTCH FATIGUE PROPERTIE S

AT 70 F FOR DUPI.EX ANNEALED SIIEET
(1,pp. 277-278)

CODE 3718
PAGE 40
 IIIMn\.ln l;t'VO

( __) 120r------.-,------,--.~----.--.------r-

Ti
6 AI
2 Sn
3R
4 Zr
-
~
80 ~ f
~~ 1
Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
0.040 INCH SHEET
2 Mo
1ll
1<1 UNNO'l'!:'HED (K -l) 1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR AC
~ t- AXIAL FATIGUE, TENSION (SINUSOIDAL
~
I~ l---~==~~=====25~0~0lC=P=M~~T~E~ST~T~E~M=P~E~RA~TUR---E--4~0-0F~
60 -~-+---SURFACE: MILL FINISH, FREQUENCY:

20

0
1Lo~4----~--~~o~5~----~~~~oo~----~~1o~7~--~~-Jlo 8 Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-o.040 INCH SHEET
CYCLES TO FRACTURE 1650F, 1/2 HR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 HR AC
SMOOTH SPECIMENS, RT
FIG. 3,052 AXIAL LOAD SMOOTII AND NOTCH FATIGUE
PROPERTIES AT 400 F FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED 60~--r-++--+-~~--
SHEET
(l,pp. 277 - 278)
~
~
~40~~-f-v~~-4~~--4------4
"'
~
....
~20~~~~~---d~~--4------4
to;
!J
<
40 80 120 160
MEAN STRESS-KSI
120r------r~~-----.-,,-----,--,------~, FIG. 3.054 ROOM TEMPERATURE STRESS RANGE
Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo DIAGRAM AT 107CYCLES FOR SMOOTH
0, 040 INCH SHEET SPECIMENS OF DUPLEX ANNEALED
1650 F, 1/2 lffi, AC + SHEET (10,p,lS)
l00~~~~~-+~1~4~50~F~,~1+/4~H~R~,~A~C~---t--t-------i--;

20

NOTCHED (fl m 3)

CYCLES TO FRACTUUE
FIG. 3.053 AXIAl, U'lAD SMOOTH AND NOTCH FATIGUE
PROPJ>I>TIF-R AT 800 F FOR DUPJ.EX ANNEALED
SHEET
(1,pp. 276 - 279)

CODII!: 3718
PA&E 41
 120 ~-

Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
Ti 1 1/8 INCH DiAMETER BAR
6 AI 1775F, lHR, AC+ llOOF, 811H, AC
10 0 FTU = 146-KSI F TY = 139 -KSI
2 Sn
' SMOOTH,HOTATING UEAM
4 Zr
c?-.. r-..
2 Mo 0
._ ~ c R ~r--- :--,~tr~
L---r--
0
- .. 900 F
_ __j
(

~
200 400 GOO
' TEST TEMP-F

0 i FIG. 3, OG~ STATIC MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM

AND ELEVATED TEMPEitATl'RES t"OR DUPLEX
ANNEALED SHEET

0
106
l - 108
(1,p.51)

CYCLES TO FAILUHE
FIG. 3.055 ROOM TEMPERATURE AND UOO I' S\1001'11 FATIGUE
PROPERTI.!:S FOR DUPLEX ANNEAJ,ED BAH
(15)
TI-GAI-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
0,010 INCH SIIEET
16501-', 1/2 IIR, AC + 1450F, 1/4 fiR, AC

~ 151--..---+
0
0
;:

1~.L-----L---~L---~----~-----
o 200 410 600 800 1000
'ft:ST n:MI'-F
FIG. 3.062 STATIC COMPRES~.:IVI; MODUI,US OF
E!,ASTI':ITY AT 1\00M AND EI.I;VATED TEMPER-
ATUHJ;s !'OH DUJ>U:~ ANNI:ALE!l SHEET

Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo - 1 1/8 INCfl DL\METER llt\1\

0 D. <) 1775F, 1IIR, AC + llOOF, 8 fiR, AC
1650F, 111R, AC + 11001', 8 IIR, AC
80 18~----r-----------------------,
llOTATING B~:.\M
TI-GAI-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
TEMPEI!ATUHE 9001'
0,040 INCH SHEET
SMOOT II 1G50F, 1/2 HR, AC +
16 lii50F, 1/4 1111, AC
AVEI\AGE LONGITUDINAL AND
TRANSVERSE DffiEC1'10N

NOTCfl ~ 14
0
Kt= 1.5 0
~

NOTCfl 12
Kt= 3,0
E-DYNAMIC
10
108 0 200 400 600 800 1000
CYCLES TO FAILURE TEMP-F
FIG. 3. 063 DYNAMIC MODULUS OF ELASTICITY OF DUPLEX
FIG. 3,056 900 F SMOOTH AND NOTCH FATIGUE PROPERTIES ANNEALED SHEET AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
FOR DUPLEX ANNEALED BAR TEMPEI\ATURE
(15) (l,p,143)

CODE 3718
PAGE 42

I
 MARCH 19ti8 NUNt l:.t'U'(UU:) ALLUT ~

-..../ 18
Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo Ti
0.51NCHBAR

- ---~-....... AI
1675F, 1/Z HR, AC + llOOF, 8 HR, AC 6
16
2 Sn
4 Zr
!"'-...
14 2 Mo
~
0

~ 12
""'1\
10
E STATIC
\ \
1.
REFERENCES
ClU:Cord L. Dotson, "Mochanlcal and Thermal
Properties of High-Temperature Titanium Alloys",
Air Force Materials Laboratory Technical Documentary
Report AFML-TR-67-41, AprU1q67.
2. R. C. McAllister ll!ld M. L. Greenlee, "TI-GA1-2Sn-
4Zr-2Mo, A New lllgh-Tcmperatu>'O Alloy with an
200 400 600 800 1000 Outstanding Combination of Properties for Service
0
to 1050 F, "TMCA Report ,January 31, 1966.
TEMP-F 3. Anon, "Mechanical Properties of Elevated Temperature
FIG. 3.064 STATIC MODULUS OF F.LASTICITY AT ROOM Al'D 'rltlllllum Alloys" Titanium Metals Corporation of
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR DUPLEX America.
ANNEALED BAR 4. T. E. Connors, "Forging and Property Evaluation of
(2,p.12) 6Al2Sn-4 Zr-2Mo Titanium Alloy," Ladlsh Co. ,
December 28, 1966
5. II. A. Russell, "Long Time Creep-Stablllty und !.ow
Cycle Fatigue Properties of TI-GAI-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, "
TI-GAI-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo TMCA Case Study M-113, May, 1967.
PREWELD SJIEET GAGE WELD 6. II. A. Russell, "PIyslcal Properties of Ti--6Al2Sn-
HEAT TREAT INC II WffiE 4Zr-2Mo," TMCA Case Study M-109, June, 1967.
0 NONE 0.040 NONE 7. II. W. 1\oscnberg, M.B. Vordahl und D. B. lluntcr,

1100F,2JIR,AC 0.040
0 NONE
6 NONE
0.080
0.080
NONE
NONE
TI-GAI-2Mo
"The Evaiuntion of TI--GAI2Sn-4Zr2Mo," TMCA
Project No. 48-8, Technical Report No, 17,
January 31, 1966.
0 NONE 0.080 Tl-50A 8. R. E. Adams, "Stress Corrosion In Commercial
WELDS LONGITUDINAL TO 'TENSILE DlltECTION Alloys," TMCA Project No 48-20, Progress Report
AVERAGE OF DUPIJCATE TESTS No. 9, (Jununry 1967)
ISO 9. TMCA, Prt\ntc CommuntcnUon.
10. "Metallurgical and Mechanlcnl J>rop3rtlos of
Titanium Alloy TI-GAI-2Sn-4Zr2Mo Sheet, Bnr and
~---- - - - (J
h-Tu Forgings, "TMCA, &lplcmbcr 19GG.
160 ;; II. It, 13. Sparks, "Preliminary Heport on Properties
:.::
(~--:.:-:- f-- --~
~~
of TI-GA12Sn--4Zr-2Mo, "Wyman.Oordon Company,
::> Report No. ltD 66-108, 111.0. & E. 1193, Feb, 1966.
!-< 12. R. 13, Sparks, "Forging and Metnl'rglcal Evaluation
<I> - -
160
---<>
140 "' of TI-GAI2Sn-4Zr-2Mo Compressor Disc for General
Electric Company, "Wyman -Goreon Comp!llly. Report
---~ ~-
..,- FTY
13.
No. llD 67-130, M.D. & E. H25~.
D. L. Day, "Tl-6Al-2Sn-t.Zr-2M~, An Impro~"'
u'
,,..;:: :::.-;--- ......_ -::...._ 120 Tlllllllum Alloy for Elevatetl Temperature Apr-!ick\lona:'
TMCA Project No. 99-3, Prog~oss Hcport No 10,

s~...:::-
lr - '-----<> 14.
March 31, 1967.
11. A. Russell, "Elevated Temptoraturc Properties
of TI-GAI-2Sn-1Zr-2Mo Bar and Forglnga, "T111CA

~~f-=7--
5 ---
:=_:-~ 15.
Case Study M-121, September, 1967.
D. N. Torell, "Data on Tl-679 and TI-GA1-2Sn-4Zr-2Mc
Tlllllllum Alloys," Pratt and Whitney Aircraft,
J" - - t- c West Palm Beach, Florida, 12 August 66,

8(~---f-- -u
MINIMUM BEND RADIUS DIVIDED BY
Refercnued In D.M.l.C. Data Sheet Jan, 1967.

16. Bruce A. Ewing, Avco Corporation, Lycoming

~~ SHEET THICKNESS: 105 DEGREE BEND
Dlvitdon, Stra.tforu, Conn., Private Communication.
0
L---1.y AFTER SPRINGBACK 17. "llow to Usc Tltnnlum; Properties and FahrlcaUon
1100 1200 1300 1400 of Tlllllllur.lllllll Products," ThiCA, August 1966.
1'EMP-F 18. 111. L. Greenlee and H. w. Rosenberg, TMCA,
2 2 Private Communication.
TIME-IlR 19. Lycoming Engineering Speclllcatlon l\13406.
AC AC AC 20. General Electric Flight Propulsion Division
POSTWELD IIE.~T TREATMENT Specifications B50TF21-51, B50TF22-51, C50TF7-51
and c 50T F8 -sz.
FIG. 4.031 EFFECT OF IIEA'l' TREATMENT AND FILLER 21. J. L. Shannon, Jr., and W. F. Brown Jr., "A
WDU: COII'!'.POSITION ON ROOM TEMPERATURE Review of Fnctora Influencing tho Crack Tolerance of
TENSILE AND BEND I'ROPERTIES OF WELDED Titanium Alloya", July 18, 1967, To be published
IIHEET (10, p. 15) In ASTM Special Technlcnl Puh!lcatlon,

CODE 3718
PAGE 43
 1i
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS AL.L.OYS
J. L. SHANNON AUTHOR

~. GENERAL 1.0911 Blllet analysis survey of current heat where modified

processing was employed, Table 1. 0911. Ti
This is a heat treatable alpha-beta titanium alloy
capable or developing strengths over 200 kal ultimate.
In the heat treated condition It developes shear strengths
TABLE 1.0911 I AI
In excess or 115 kal' higher than that or other presently
available commercial titanium alloys, and Is used In
Source
Alloy
I R.M.I. (1)
TI-IAI-8V ..5Fc
8 v
the aerospace Industry pr1mllrily for (liSteners. Un-
Form j_ 6 Inch Round Corner Square Blllet 5 Fe
fortunately, no 1normatlon Is a""llnblc on the fracture
toughness or this alloy. H<JWE'VCr. loas~u "" c>;periencc Weight Percent
with other high-strength titanium alloys and on the high Top (I) Middle(1) Bottom(1)
sensitivity or this alloy to even mild stress concentra- E(21 MR(2l' C(2) E MR c E MR c
tions, special atte."ltion should be given to crack pro- 1.7 1.8 1.8 1. 7 1. 7 1. 7 1.8 1.8
AI 1.7
pagation resistance when using this alloy In critical
v 8.2 8.3 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.1 8.2 8.2
applications. In order to avoid segregation of beta- 4.8 5.7 4.8 4.9 5.4 4.8 4.9 4.6
Fe 4.9
etablllzlng elements, special precautions must be used 0.384
02 0.373 0.384 0.377 0.408 0.437 0.428 0.42 0.394
when melting. Use or this alloy above 350 F Is not
recommended. Welding or this alloy Is also not (1) Billet location In Ingot.
recommended. (2) E ;
Edge }
MH ; Mid-Radius Location In blllet face
1. 01 Commercial Designation c ; Center
TI-1Al-8V-5Fe

1.02 Alternate Designation 1.092 Toughness. The nou:h strength of this alloy h
RMI-1Al-8V-5Fe affected by both notch sharpness ar.d strength level.
Tests on small notched rounds, (Figure 3. 02712) show a
1.03 SpecUicatlons notch strength to ylclcl strength ratio of unity for
Standard Press Steel Company Specutcallon annealed material, (f'ty = 167 ksl) at K t ; 8 and for
SPS-M-174 solution tre.ted and aged material, (Fty; 228 kal) at
Kt = 3. Care must be exercised In the use of this alloy
1.04 Composition
In either heat trl!ated condition for nppllcatlons
1.041 Producer's guaranteed composition and users pccliicd
Involving high stress levels and even moderate stress
composition, Table 1. 041.
concentrations.
TABLE 1.041 1.09:1 Stress corrosion. Sec section 2. 031.
1.094 Stability. The only data avallahle on the elevated
p;ourcc temperature stability of this alloy are presented In
I R.M.I. (I), S.P,S. (7)
Tahle 3. 0216. They Indicate only small changes In
Weight Percent
Min Ma.~
smooth propcriles for the exposure conditions lnvcstl-
gatud. One .Is to be cautioned, however, that a more
Aluminum 0.8 1. 8 discr.lmlnatory lest using cracked specimens may not
Vanadium 7.5 8.5 give the same result.
Iron 4.0 6.0
Carbon 0.05 2, PHYSICAL AND CJIEMJCAL PROPERTIES
Hydrogen o. 012~ 2.01 Thermal Properties
Oxygen 0.25 0.50 2.011 Melting lcmpemturc.
Nltr>g~n 0.07 2.012 Phase changes. Alloy transforms on coolin;; from
Titanium Balance bct.1. to alphn -+ beta at 1525 F t 25 F.
2.0121 lsothcrmnl T-T-T Diagram, Flb'\lre 2.0121
2.013 Thermal conductivity.
1.05 Heat Treatment 2.014 Thermal expansion.
1.051 Stress-relic anneal, 1000 to llOOF, !-hour, nlr cool. 2.015 SpccUic heat.
1.052 Anneal, 1250 F, 1 hour, rumacccool to 900 F, air cool.
1.0521 Producer noll!!! thnt alternate production anneal of 2.02 Other Physical Properties
1250 - 1350 F, 1 -2 Hours, air cool, may be used. 2.021 Density. 0.168 lb per cu ln. 4.6~ gr per cu em.
1.053 Solution treat, 1400F, 1-hour, water quench. MatP.rial's 2.022 Electrical resistivity.
response to hellt treatment Is sometimes variahlc, 2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic.
requiring alternate solution (rcatmcnt generally within 2.024 Emissivity.
the range 13511 to 1450F, to develop guaranteed proper- 2.0Z5 Damping capacity.
ties.
2.03 Chemical Properties
1.054 Age, 900- 1000 F, 2 hours, air cool. 2.031 Corrosion resistance. Susceptibility to solid salt
1.06 Hardness stress corrosion at elevated temperatures and.
delayed failure of cracked specimens at room temper-
1.07 Forms and Conditions Available ::>.ture in aggressive aqueous environments have become
1.071 Alloy Is avallahlc In annealed condition as bJllet and bar. critical problP.ms In the application of titanium alloys
to engineering structures. Unfortunaicly, no pcriincnt
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice data of this sort are available to characterize the
1.081 Melting. Multiple consumable electrode melting with corrosion resistance of this alloy. The Inadvertent
at least one stage under vacuum. stress corrosion crack developed In air during creep
exposure for a single specimen In Tahlc 3. 0217
1.09 Special Considerations suggests that the corrosion susceptibility of this alloy
1.091 Alloy segregation. In common with other titanium alloys In aggressive environments be studied before It Is used
containing high percentages of the bl'ta-stabllizlng In critical applications.
clements, special precautions must be used when
melting this alloy to avoid segregation of these clements. 2.04 Nuclear Properties
Segregation of Iron has boon reported ns a problem;
however, the producer claims presently used melting 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
methods minimize this problem. Sec Table 1. 09ll. 3.01 SpecUied Mechanical l'roperiies
~i Ti
r
~":
NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1968

{,
C,.
t':
\; 3.011 Producer's guaranteed minimum properties at room 3. 0214 Effect of quench rate from solution treat temperature
t Ti temperature for beat treated bar, Table 3. 011. on room temperature tensile properties of beat
treated bar, Table 3. 0214.
I
AI
~..
8 v TABLE 3.011

Source
5 Fe Alloy
R.M.I. I
TI-1Al-8V-5Fe TABLE 3,0214
Form Up to 1 1/1G - in Diameter Bar
Condition Heat Treated Source R.M.I. 1
Allov T!-1Al-8V-5Fe
GuarMteed RT Properties
Form 9/lG - inch Diameter Bar
Ftu min-ks! 210 Condition Solution Treat+ lOOOF, 2 llr, AC
Fty min-ks! 200 Hoom Temperature Tensile Properties
e min -percent G.O
RA min -percent 12,0 Solution Ftu Fty c(4D) RA
Fsu min-ks! 115 Treatment ks! ksl percent nerccnt
1375F, 1-lfr, WQ 20G 194 15 39
13751', 1-llr, AC ~05 194 1G 41
1-lOOF, 1-llr, WQ 217 204 12 30
3.012 Typical room temperature tensile properties of HOOF, 1-llr, AC HI 198 13 33
as-shipped, mill :umealcd bar of various sl1.cs, ~/-l -inch diameter specimens
Table 3. 012.

TABLE :1.012

Source H.M.I. I
Alloy Ti-IAl-SV -5F<>
Form Bar
:1.0:!15 Effect of :t~-ting- temperature and time on room temper-
Condition Mill Annealed
ature tensile properties of har, Fi1-.rurc a. 0215.
Typical HT Proportlcs
Bar :l.li~1G EffL'Ct of exposure to elevated temperature with loud
Diameter Ftu l'ty e(.JD) HA on room tcmpcratu t'c tensile properties of mmcalcd
Inch ks! ksi percent percent
ancl heat treated bar, T:~1le 3.0216.
3/8 175.2 160.1 13.0 :17 .r.
1/2 175.7 168.7 14.0 IU.O
IS. 0 37.1
3/4
1 1/16
1G8.3
178.0
1/4 -Inch diameter specimens
I IG2.:!
!6G. 0 17 .o .J:l.O TABJ.l: :l.O~IG

Source ll. M.l. (I)

,\Jiov Tl-1AI-~V-5Fc
Form
C rccp Exposu rc
:;;~ Inch Diameter Bar
Subsequent ItT Tensile Properties
.
3.02 l'crm-
Mechanical Properties at Boom Temperature
Temp Stresl Time ancr.t Ftu l'ty c(lll) ilA
3.021 Tension.
F ksi lit' deform ksl ksi percent percent
3. 0211 Effect of annealing treatment on room temperature
tensile properties of bar, Table :1.0211. a lion
i lCJ'Cl!nl

.\nncaled Bar
TABLE :1.0211 None 178 171 18.3 -14.8
800 :!0 10 0.1::15 177 17~ :!!1.5 52.!1
Source ll.M.I. (I) suo 50 10 o. 83 177 171 :!:l.5 52.5
A!loy TI-IAI-RV-5Fc 800 :w :u:J.3 t.:w 177 171 7 .5 10.:!
Form 3/8 -In D!:uncler Dar 800 :w :no. :i 2. iH 177 170 ~~a. o 51.0
Condition Annen led GOO 110 :no.s O. 7H 177 1G7 !!2.5 51.1

Annealing
r~om

Ftu
Temperature Tensile Properties
I Fty I e(4 D) I ItA
---
800 I IG
II cal T rcatcd Spec 1men
None
I 212.5 I --
~OS
211
I 198
202
1:.!.0
15.0
I
:17.5
38,9
Treatment ksl ksi 11ercent percent
1250 F, 1/2llr, AC 183,0 178.7 15.0 47.5
1/1 - inch diameter specimens
1325 F, 1/2llr, AC Stress corrosion crack
175.3 169.5 IG.O 47.7
1400 F, 1/2llr, AC
I 170.9 I 166.8 I 13.5 I 43.0

125U F, 1/21lr, FC
to 900F, AC I 179.1 I 175.9 I 20.5 I 52.9
*1/4 - inch diameter specimens

!).022 Compression.
J.023 Impact.
3. 0212 Effect of solution temperature on room temperature 3.024 Bending.
tensile properties of heat treated bar, Figure 3. 0212. 3,025 Torsion and shear.
3.02G Bearing.
3.0213 Effect of solution treat Wid aging temperature on room 3.027 Stress concentration.
temperature tensile properties of bar, Figure 3.0213. 3.0271 Notch properties.
 MARCH 1968
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3,02711 Room temperature smooth :md mild-notch tensile

properties of annealed :md heat treated bar, Table
3.02711. Ti
TABLE 3.02711 I AI
Source R.M.I. {1) 8 v
Alloy Ti-1Al-8V-5Fe
Form 5/8 Inch Diameter Bar
5 Fe
Room Temperature Tensile Propert>es
Heat Flu Fty e(4D) HA NTS
Treatment ksi ksi noreen perc en ksl
1250 F ,1-Hr, FC to
900 F, AC 181 170 18 50.5 244
1375 F,1-Hr, WQ +
1000 F, 2-Hr, AC 203 197 15 39.7 250
1425 F, 1-llr, WQ +
1000 F, 2-Hr, AC 212 200 10,5 27,9 254

'"~ 0.~50

r=0.005 K~l.O

3,02712 Effect of stress concentration factor on the notch

strength of annealed :md heat treated bar, Figure
3. 02712.
3,028 Combined properties.

3,03 Mechanical ProecrUes at Various Tcmecrnturcs 1000

I I
3.031 Tension,
3,0311 Effect of test temperature on sn10olh tensile properties
of annealed :md heat treated bar, Figu rc 3. 0311:.
Ti-l Al-8V-51'c
\
3,032 Compression. [)00
\
3,033 Impact.
" ,\LPIIA

i
1... ..... ,,-
3,034
3,035
3,036
Bonding.
Torsion :md shear,
BJ;TA
" +
"BETA
~
__ ,

3,037
3,038
Bearing,
Stress concentration.
Combined properties.
~
I

"'
:::
~00

--
"",
::.
....
3,04
3,041
Creel! :md Creel! Ru!!lurc Pro!!crtics
Creep deformation In 300-hours for annealed bar at
GOOF :md 800F, Figure 3,041.
-:: 700
::: ' ........
3.042 Minimum creep rate curves at GOOF and 8001' for "'
c..
;:; .........

3,043
annealed bar, Figure 3, 042.
Effect of stress concentration factor on room temper- "'.... 60 0 ~

ature notch stress rupture slrcnboth Cor annealed and

heal treated bar, Fig~:re 3. 013.
1750 F, 1/2-IIR, ISOTHERMAL
3,05 Fatigue Properties 50 0 TI\ANSFOHMATJON, WQ
3,051 Room temperature n.xlal load fatigue properties of
3/8-24 bolts, Figuro 3,051. 0 BETA

3,06
3.061
Elastic Properties
Modulus of elasticity at room temperature :mtl GOO F 10 100
I I
1000
ALPIIA+BETA I
10000
for nnncalcd :md heat treated condllions, Table 3, 061. TI~1E
-SECONDS
TABLE 3.061 FIG. 2.0121 JSOTIIEm1AL T-T-T DIAGRAM (5,p,5)

i'
t Source (8
f
y
Alloy I Tl-1Al-8V-5Fc

Temp-F
f Anneal ST+ Age _

! RT 16,5 16.5

I
600 F 14.7 14.5

4. FABRICATION
4,01 Fa rmabillty
4,0ll This alloy has a low bela trans us. 1525 F 25 F.
and to obtain optimum tensile ductillly the material
'' should receive final reductions of 50 percent or more
.1;
below 1500 F
Ti
NONF ERRO US ALLOYS MARCH 1968

Ti-1Al-8V -5Fe
5/8~IN DIA BAR 4
SOLUTION TREATED,
1-HR, WQ +
1000 F, 8-HRS, AC

Fro
v
~
J I

~ I

'./

FTY
I
............:
v
~
p
v
I

1~ .__RA

_4 Ti-l Al-BV -5Fe
I e(l IN) 4 9/16 INCH DIAMETER BAR
SOL'N TEMP-F, 1/2 HR, WQ

0
~ '-

"""'~ ---1425 F
-----140 0F
---137 5F
1375 1400 1425 1450 1475 240
SOLUTION TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0212 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TEMPERAT URE
ON ROOM TEMPERA TURE TENSILE
PROPERTI ES OF HEAT TREATED BAR
(3,p.7) 220 !:i
I

~ 200
~

~
"' 200 180

180

RA
40

!;;; 20
~

&!
~
p,
20

0~----~-----L-----J
925 950 975 1000
AGING TEMP-F 2HRS , AC
FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TREAT AND
AGING TEMPERAT URES ON ROOM
TEMPERAT URE TENSU.E PROPERTI ES
OF BAR (1)
 MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
n

( I
'"--""

Ti-lAl-llV -5Fe Ti
6/8 -INCH DIAMETER{~ 1000F} I AI
1400 F; 1-HR, WQ +
900F
AGE, AC
8 v
5 Fe
280 ...... FTU ~
....
240
---'a_ -
... .....
' FTY
''\
~ 220
\~

'R ~! ,.__
J-- ---
TY I
200
1---1
~- J
180
~

RT TESTS >
40
Cl

-~

RA

0
--- --- e(11N)
~00
Tl-1Al-8V-5Fe
1/2-IN DlA BAR
0 4 128 16 20 24 0 0 0 1250 F, 1-HR, AC
AGING TIME-HR
FIG. 3.0215 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERATURE AND TIME ON
ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF 280 / ~\ 1375 F, 1/2 HR, WQ
925 F, 2-HR, AC
RT TESTS
+

BAR
(3,p.8)
260
/( r\ Kt D d
.2.1 187 ,085 ,0070
r

llj \ 4.1 ,3'11> .~u~ .uwu

6.2 .375 ,262 .0026
8.0 . 375 ,262 .0014
240
"'k>
t~n'
~TU
" \

f\
FTY
220
0 '\
\ ~
r

!:! 200

180
\ "o
."-
--o
~
()"FTU NTS
(,.FTY 0
160

140

120

100

"' ~
t

"it
12 3 4 58 7 8
STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR, Kt
FIG. 3,02712 EFFECT OF STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR
ON THE NOTCH STRENGTH OF ANNEALED AND
HEAT TREATED BAR
(2,pp. 11-7)
Ti
NONFERRO US ALLOYS MARCH 1968

v
120
Ti-1Al-8V-5Fe Ti-1Al-8V-5Fe
Ti 5/8-IN DIA BAR 5/8-IN DIA BAR
1250 F, 1-HR, FC to
I AI - - 1375 F, 1-HR, 'WQ +
2 20 100
600 F
900 F, AC
1000 F, 2-HR, AC
8 v
i
""
----- 1250 F, 1-HR, FC to
900 F, AC
5 Fe I'.
22 I 80 80

~~
~
FTU

............ ~ ~
0
. ---- --~
I 40

~
I

''' :t
0 ..........
Fn

'
~\. oo 10
- /.

-~
..... -~ I~
,{oo F

\'
IG0 G 20
'' /

60 20 0

> '\ 1 10 100 1000

MINIMUM CREEP RATE - 10-8 IN PER IN PER HR
< FIG. 3.042 MINIMUM CREEP RATE CURVES AT
10 0 600 F AND 800 F FOR ANNEALED
/ '/ , / BAR
(4,p.6)
0
RA
//
0

0
--- - e(4D)
_.......,. / /
/

20 - --:?"
0
0 400200 600 800 1000
TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0311 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
SMOOTH TEI-i"SSLE PROPERTIES OF
ANNEALED AND HEAT TREATED BAR 'rl-lAI-~V -5Fe
(1) 112-IN DIA BAR
0 1250F, 1 HR, AC (FTY= 167 - KSI)
1375F, 1/2 IIR, WQ + 925F, 2 HR, AC
Tl-1Al-8V-5Fe (FTY = 228 - KSI)

1/ 5/8-IN DIA BAR

1250 F, 1-HR, FC to 4001---+- I Kt r
100

601 900 F, AC
~ p
2.1 187 065 0070
4.1 .375 .262 .0060

80

i
I
;-

//
/
;: ~\
~250
:~ :e;;:~
-
'\1\. ~ ID._
//

I
300-HR CREEP
/
/ iS I RT TESTS

I
,_
-/ "~~[_-~-=.~-=~--~-~~
~2oo~--+--~L~
40
~ "............... -l\.llrmJ.--+---1 )

20 7 150 1--1--i--+-__;::,"'o:-....._~--r.---1-

100~--L--~--~--L--~--~--J
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR-Kt
.01 ~1 1 w 100
FIG. 3.043 EFFECT OF STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR
PERMANENT DEFORMATION-PER CENT ON ROOM TEMPERATURE NOTCH STRESS
FIG. 3. 041 CREEP DEFORMATION IN 300-HOURS FOR ANNEALED RUPTURE STRENGTH FOR ANNEALED AND
BAR AT 600 F AND 800 F HEAT TREATED BAR
(4,p.6) (2,p.8)
 Ti
MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

TI-1Al-BV-5Fe Ti
3/8-24 BOLTS FROM 6/8-IN BAR

- STOCK I AI
v

-"
8

~l R=0.1
5 Fe

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
1- FTU= 219.8 KSI ~
FTY= 208,4 KSI
e = 16,1 PERCENT
RA= 40.3 PERCENT ~ N..
:ll 60 1-
-
t-..

! R'l'TESTS

I I

105
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3,051 ROOM TEMPERATURE AXIAL LOAD FATIGUE
PROPERTIES OF 3/8-24 BOLTS
(1)

"' .,
t;_
~
j
rr REFERENCES
G
,.
; 1. Private communication, Reactive Metals, Inc.
t: 2. L, J. Bartlo, "The Effect of Stre&s Concentration on
~ Notch Tensile and Static Notch Properties of Tl-lAl-
r. 8V-5Fe," Reactive Metals, Inc., Research Report
f, No. 1000R459, M.O. 75003, December 30, 1964.

~
3. James R. Gross, "Tbo Effects of Heat Treatment on
the Mechanical Properties of MST 185 5/8 lncb
Diameter Bar, "Mallory-8baron Titanium Corp.,
ReS"H'Ch Report No, 1000R226, Project No. 34002,
October 11, 1957.
4. James R. Gross, "Creep and Stablllty of MST 185, "

t '
I
5,
Mallory-b'haron Titanium Corp., Research Report No.
lOOOR298, Project No. 93003,
June 19, 1958.
S. R, Seagle, ''lnltlal Work on Isothermal Transforma-
tlon studies of MST 185," Mallory-8harcn Titanium
~ Corp. , Research Report No, 1000R261, Project No.
25004, February 12, 1968,
:!.1 6. J. A. Guffantl, "Examination of TI-1Al-8V-5Fe Hot
Rolled Bar'', Titanium Metals Corporation o Amertca
~; Case Study M-130,.May 1987.
7. R. E. Peeblea, "Evaluation of T1-1Al-8V-5Fe as a
Fastener Alloy," Titanium Metals Corporation of
America, Project 48-63, Case Study 2-20, February 20,
(Feb 20, 1964)
.:.- 8. R. A. Wood, "A Tabulation of Designations, Proper-
ties, and Treatments of Titanium and Titanium Alloys,
DMIC Memorandum 171, July 15, 1963.
9, J. L. Shannon, Jr. and W. F. Brown Jr., "A Review
or Factors lllfluenc!ng the Crack Tolerance of
Titanium Alloys," AppUcatlons Related Phenomena. in
Titanium Alloys, A5TM STP 432, Amertcan Society

..
4
'\
...

}:"
for Testing and Materlale, 1987
~!THOR-"- L SHANNON .JR .
f,' Tl
RELEASED: JUNE 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
K
,,
}.
l;.o

r1
&:- GENERAL
T1-6Al-2Cb -1Ta-0,8Mo (TI-621/0,8) 1s a mod1flcatlon M!lltary's spectfled oompoBttlon. Table 1.042.
[
~~~- of the Tl-7Al-2Cb-1Ta (Tl-721) compoBttlon. Itself a
TABI E 1.042
Ti
f ~;'
modification of the original Tl-8Al-2Cb- 1 Ta (TI-821)
alloy. The '1'1-721 alloy was introduced specl1!cally to
Source Military ('1) 6 AI
tf, avoid weld-cracldn g problems encOUDtered In lhlllk.
plate with the Tl-821 compollitlon, The Tl-621/0, 8
Weight Percent
2 Cb
Minimum Maximum
f alloy was dev'!olti~oo as a saltwater stress-oDTrOBlOD
I Ta
i ~letiWt modifloatlon of Tl-721. Aluminum 5,5 6.5
T1-6Al-2Cb- 1Ta-0.8Mo 1s of medium streagtb and, Columbium 1.5 2.5
Tantalum 0.5 1.5
0.8 Mo
on the bao1s <>f fracture appe&raDCe, Is conaldered
seawater l!ltress-corro ston resistant. Sustained-lo ad Molybdenum 0,5 1.0
teste on precracked specimens, bowever, Indicate Iron 0.20 Ti-6AI-2 Cb
the load-carryiD g capabWty of the alloy Is reduced In Carbon 0,05
seawater although no evldeuce of etress-oorro slon Nitrogen 0,03 -1Ta-0.8 Mo
cracking has been observed on the fracture Bllrfaces Oxygen 0,10
of falled specimens. Hydrogen 0.0125*
The slloy Is forgeable and weldable and Is lntellded for Other Elements (total) 0.40
use as a structural alloy for marine appllcatlon. n Is Titanium Balance
normally processed In the beta phase region. On
request, however, the alloy may be processed In the Sball be determined on each lot of the product as
alpha-beta field with an Improvemen t In strength at shipped.
eome sacrifice In toughness, All data presented in
this chapter are for beta processed materlal, with the
exception of the producer's guaranteed properties for
alpha-beta processed material presented in Table
3,014.
1.05 Heat Treatment
1.051 Stress relief anneal; llOOF, 2 hours, AC (9).
1. 01 Commercial Designation
1.0511 stress relaxation o! plate at 900 and lOOOF, Figure
Tl-6Al-2Cb- 1 Ta-o, 8Mo
1,0511.
T1-6Al-2Cb -l Ta-lMo 1,052 Full anneal; 1650F, 1 hour, AC (9).
1.053 Solution treat and age; 1&5QF, 1 hour, WQ + llOOF,
1. 02 Alternate DeslgnatlollB
2 hours, AC (9).
RMI-6Al-2C b-l Ta-O, 8Mo
1.054 This alloy Is generally liaed In the as-fabricate d or
RMI-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-1Mo
fabricated-p lus-annealed conditions. A small
Tl-621/0,8
Increase In etrength can 'bo obtained by eolutlon
Tl-621/1.0
treating and aglng, but at a conalderable sacrifice In
1. 03 duot!Uty and toughness (compare as-rolled plate wtth
SpeclflcatloDB
plate solution treated and aged In Tables 3.0217 and
MIL-T-9046 F (April 3, 1967), Ammendment 1
(March 15, 1968). 3, 0338). Studies are contlnulng to eetabllsh hllllt
' treating schedules for optimum comblnatlollB of
1. 04 Composition etreagtb, toughness, weldabWty, and seawater stress-
1.041 Producer's specified composition , Table 1.041. cDTrOslon resistance (9).
1.055 A quench delay from the eolutlon trentlng furnace to the
queuchlng medium may be encountered In eome pro-
duction heat treating processes. Figure 1.0551 gives
ooollng curves for 1 Inch x 6 Inch x 6 Inch sectioDB
cooled in air from various Initial temperature s.
These data ma,y be used to determine the furnace
temperature required to give a desired queDChlng
temperature . n should be noted, however, that the
effect of quench delay on etrength and toughness of
th1s alloy is small for delay times up to 1 1/2 minutes
(see Figures 3. 0213 and 3. 0333).
1.0551 Coollng rate curves for 11Dch plate cooled In sir,
Figure 1. 0551.

1.06 Hardness
TABLE 1.041 Annealed condition, RC-30 (10).
r---
Source RM1(1)
1.07 Forms and CondltlollB Available
Weight Percent 1.071 Alloy Is avallable as biDet, bar, plate, sheet, and
Minimum Maximum wire. Billet and plate size llmltatiollB are generally
Aluminum controlled by the size and welgbt of the Ingot and size
5.50 6.50
Columbium of the processing equipment. Bar and plate are avaU-
1.50 2.50
Tantalum able In the annealed, as-rolled, or as-hot worked
0.50 1.50
Molybdenum oondltlon. Billet, sheet, and w1re are avallable In the
0.50 1.50
Iron annealed condition.
0.25 1.072 All products are normally beta processed (rolled,
Carbon 0.05
Nitrogen forged, etc.). On request, however, the alloy may be
0.03 processed In the alpha-beta region wtth an Improve-
Oxygen 0.10
Hydrogen ment In strength at some sacrifice In toughness (9).
0.0125*
Other Elernents (each) 0.10
Other Elements (combln<>d 1.08 ~-:!!!\ C!!BtfiU Praqtlce
0.40 1.081
Titanium Allo'\' Is 'mvltlple melted by the coDBUJDable electrode
Balance
-
*Bar and blUet 0.0125 ma.>d.mum; sheet and plate
process, using controlled atmoopbere and pressure.
Ingot 11izes produced to date are 30 Inch diameter by
0.0150 maximum. approximate ly 10,000 pounds, and 36 Inch diameter
1"1
NONFERROUS
1.09 Special Corudderallons
Ti 1,091 Alloy modlflcallon. 'lbls alloy, T1-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-
o. SMo, Is being mod1f1ed to have Bl1ghtly higher
6 AI molybdenum (1.2 percent) content to compete w1lh
ELI grade T1-6Al-4V (11), The modlfled alloy haB
2 Cb Improved strength over Ti-621/0. 8 and 1B both weld-
able and seawater stress-corrosion res1Btant. No
I Ta information Is avallable, however, regarding lte
fracture toughness.
0.8 Mo RMI has receutly annoUDCed that It wl1l market T1-
6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8Mo sndT1-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-1.2Mo.under
Ti-6AJ-2Cb the siDgle designation Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-1Mo. Var!allons
In molybdsnum content wl1l be made to BU!t the
-1Ta-0.8Mo requirements of the customer (11)(9).
1.092 Ox;ygen aod Interstitial element contents, Ox;vgen con-
tsnt Influences the strength and toughness of this alloy.
Table 3. 02113 shows a modest but consistent eleva-
tion In smooth tensile strength associated with an
!norease In ox;ygen level from o. 058 to 0.122 weight
percent. While the comparison Is made for materials
given sllgbUy different high temperature treatments
(1900F vs 1950F), th1B difference In heat treatmente
would not be expected to produce the observed differ-
ence In strength. Indeed, for water quenched stock,
a lesser strength would be expected for the material
treated at the higher temperature (see Figure 3. 0212).
The same difference In ox;ygen content(O. 058 vs 0.122
weight percent) Is shown In Table 3. 03313 to produce a
B!go!fl.cant difference In +32F drop-weight tear energy,
the higher oxygen level he1ng responsible for lower
values. The -80F standard Charpy V Impact energy
1n the same table does not give a cons!stent measure of
the toughness change with ox;ygen level.
No data are avaUable to assess the Influence of ox;ygen
content on the seawater stress-cOIToslon susceptibility
ofth1B alloy. Results (6) on Ti-6Al-2Sn-1Mo-(1-2)V
"and Ti-6Al-4Zr-(1-2)V compositions show, however,
that heavy concentrations of ox;ygen lower the acqueous
salt solution stress-corrosion res1Btance of these
alloys. In the same study, unalloyed titanium oon-
ta!n!ng a low amount of residual Fe, C, N, and H was
made sensitive to seawater strees-corrcs!on by
ox;ygen contents above approximately 0.250 weight
perceot. Oxygen may !ndirectly Influence the stress
corrosion sensitivity of Ti-Al alloys by aHect!ng
the solubU!ty of aluminum In primary alpha and by
affecting the k!nst!cs of the n 3Al precipitation
reaction; resulte on Ti-Al compositions (6) have shown
that aluminum In solld solution Is not responsible for
stresa.oorroo!on cracking, but that such ls due to the
presence of coherent Ti3Al.
No results are avallable to establlsh the Influence of
ox;ygen or other Interstitial elements on the fracture
toughness of this alloy, nor the possible Influence of
other Interstitial elements on Its acqueous salt solu-
tion stress-corrosion res1Btance.
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
2.01 Thermal Properties
2.011 Melting point, approximately 3000F.
2.012 Phase ~banges, beta transus 186o25F.
2.013 Therm:ll oollduct!vity, at 70F, 3, 7 Btn ft per (hr
aq ft F),
2.014 Therm~ expansion, mean coefficient from 72 to 120tiF,
5 x 10- !n/!n/F.
2.015 Speclflc heat.
2.016 Thermal d.!ffuslvlty.
2.02 Other Physical Properties
2.021 Density, 0.1621b per cu In, 4.48 gr per cu em.
2.022 Eleotrlcsl res1Btivlty.
2,023 Magnetic properties; alloy la nonmagnetic.
2.024 Emittance.
2.025 Damping capacity.
ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE 1969
J }
\._.;
2.03 Chsmlcal Properties
2.031 Seawater stress-corrosion teats, general. The
pre&elllle of a sharp notch ls a necessary requirement
for stress-corrosion cracking of titanium alloys In
seawater. The stress level at whlcb seawater stress-
corrosion cracking fanures take place In susceptible
titanium alloya varies with notch accu!ty (6). In some
Instances a sharp machined notch Is as damaging as a
crack, but this depends on the senaltlvlty of the 'alloy.
This being the case, It 111 prudent to use cracked speci-
mens In all comparative evaluations of stress-
corrosion susoeptlbility of mater!ala. All results
reported In this chapter were obtained using specimens
contalnlng fatigue cracks.
2.032 Step load teats. There are two types of tests In
common use for tlle evaluation of seawater stress-
corrosion behavior: step load teste and sustained load
teste. The step load test seems to be fairly standard
from ons Investigating laboratory to another. All use a
preoracked bar subjected to cantllever loading. An
!n!tinlload of about one-half the anticiPated fall11re
load ls applled and lncreased In 10 to 15 ksllncre-
mente every 5 to 10 m!nutos until failure. The failure
stress Ia called the nominal bend strength and Is
calculated for the net section using simple beam
theory. The test ls performed In both air and salt
water (or seawater) and the ratio of the two results
Is an lndlcation of stress-corrosion resistance.
Results pressnted In Figure 2, 03-1 and Table 2. 035
show seawater-to-air nom!nal belld strength ratios
greater than 0. 8 for base plato and GTA and GMA
welded plate. No evidence of corrosion cracking was
noted on the fracture surfaces of failed specimens,
leading the Investigator (3)(6)(13) to the conclusion
that the alloy ls seawater stress-corrosion res!atant.
2.033 Sustained load tests. The Bllllta!ned load test ls less
standardized than the step load test. Both specimen
size and shape may vary. Thus the results In Figure
2. 038 were obtained using specimens of 1 Inch x 1/2
Inch cross section with a fatigue crack about 50 percent
deep and slde grooved, whlle the reaults In Table
2. 037 were obtained from specimens of 1 Inch x
7/8 Inch cross section with a 30 percent deep fatigue
crack without side grooves.
Sustn!ned load test results are presented as the
stress Intensity factor, K 1, vs t!me-to-fnilure. No
accoiDlt was taken of the Influence of side grooves
for the data reported, as the same calculation for
stress Intensity factor was used for specimens both
with and without side grooves. Nor was any attempt
made to nssure conditions of plane strain and small
scnle yielding at the advancing crack t!p as the use of
Kr would imply. All the results presented In this
chapter fall to satisfy the size requirements for plane
strain testing as defined by ~ STM Committee E-24
on Plane Strain Fracture 'l. u )mess of Jngh Strength
Metalllc Materials (12). Th.-refore the symbol KQ
la used In this chapter rather than Kr.
Figure 2.036lndlcates thnt a thi-eshold stress Intensity
factor of about 82 ksl.[iii may exist for as-rolled p!ate
on the basis of results to 50 hours holding time at that
stress Intensity level. Results obtained on convention-
ally processed Ti-7 Al-2Cb-l Ta show that the threshold
stress Intensity factor determined from short time
teste satisfactorUy characterizes long time behavior.
Specimens or that alloy tested at 5 to 10 kst.,fh. less
than the Indicated threshold stress Intensity factor did
not fall after 500 hours exposure. On this basis, tbe
threshold stress Intensity factor for stress corrcsi<>n
cracking failure In seawater for the present alloy
(82 ksl.,fiB) may be valld.
Figure 2. 037 indicates that the threshold stress
Intensity may be as low as 70 ks!.IID for plate In
various heat treated conditions. The same threshold
appears to characteri.J:e welds of this alloy (seo
Figure 2.038).
Althouglt thee austn!ned load test results Indicate a
time-dependent reduction In load carrying capability
 Tl
RELEASED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

of cracked specimens In salt water, the investigators 2.036 Sustsined load seawater stress-corrosion behavior of
(2)(5)(14) conclude that this alloy is completely stress- as-rolled plate, Figure 2. 036. Ti
tJon:wion resistant In salt water environment, based 2.037 Sustsined load seawater stress-corrosion behavior of
on their interpretation that stress-corrosion features plate In several heat treated conditions, Figure 2. 037. 6 AI
sre atset\t on the fracture surfaces of falled speci- 2.038 Sustsined load salt water stress-corrosion behavior of
mens. Tbis, of course, suggests thst the same welded plate, Figure 2. 038. 2 Cb
reduction In load carrying capacity would be expected 2.039 Effect of seawater environment on low and high cycle
for companion tests In air (14). fatigue strength of smooth and mild notch Ppecimens, I Ta
Fatigue. Figure 2. 039 shows no difference In high Figure 2. 039.
or low cycle fatigue strength for smooth or mildly- 0.8 Mo
notched specimens as a function of environment (1. e., 2.04 Nuclear Properties
air vs seawater). Ti-6AI-2Cb
2.034 Seawater stress-corrosion behavior of plate, Figure
2,034 -1Ta-0.8Mo
2.035 Seawater stress-corrosion behavior of welded plate,
Table 2.035.

TABLE 2.035
Source (a, p. 15)
Alloy Ti-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-O. 8Mo
--
Form 1 Inch rolled plate, welded (l)
Sen Water
Stress-Corrosion (3)(4)
Fty (Zi Heat Affected Zone
Filler Metal ....
Wire (Jo%lf!it~!JD (0. 2 Percent Snair Snaw Snsw
Welding
Process
Nominal
Composition
Diameter
Inch
ur
Weldm"'!lt
Offset)
ksl ksi ksi
--
Snair

GTA Ti-621/0.8 1/8 Flat

Strip As '1/elded ,]b 236 252 1.07
Tl-621/0.8 1/8 Flat '
!
I
Strip 900F, 2 hrs, AC 115 235 ': .~32 1.01
Ti-621/0.5 0.062 As-Welded Jm; 230 .'a24 1.02
Ti-621/0,5 0.062 900F, 2 hrs, AC 109 211 228 1.08
GMA Ti-621-0,5 0.062 As-Welded 11)8(5) 222 216 0.97
Ti-621/0.5 0.062 900F, 2 hrs, AC 113(5) 22G 211 0.94
Ti-621/0.5 0.062 As-Welded 113(G)
116(6)
---
---
---
---
---
---
Ti-621/0.5 0.062 900F, 3 hrs, AC
(1) Sec Table 4. 031 for weld joint configurut.lon
(2) Rcmalndcr of smooU1 properties con-sponding tc> theHe stress-corrosion data appear in Table 4. 031
(3) Sec Figure 2. 034 for specimen configuraUon ami deOu.l.tion of Snair and Bnsw"
(4) Properties of weld metal arc:
Snair 811 Snsw/Snnir
As-Welded 222
-- 217
-- sw
0,:'18
900F, 2 hrs, AC 217 250 1.~5

(5) Determined using SR-4 strain gauges mounted on weld meld of specimen
(6) Determined from "all-weld" specimen
 II
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE 1969

3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 3.0.\3 Mllitary's specified properties, Table 3. 013.

Ti
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
6 AI 3.011 Producer's guaranteed properties for plate, Table
3.0ll. TABLE 3,013
2 Cb Source (7)
I Ta Table 3.011 Alloy Ti-6Al-2Ch-1 Ta-o. 8Mo
Source Form Plate up to 2. 750 inches
0.8 Mo (1)
All__()}f Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta- 1Mo Condition Mill Annealed
Ti-6AI-2Cb Form Plato
Condition Ftu minimum- 103
As-Rolled*
-1Ta-0.8Mo Thickness inch :!01 >1 to 3
ksi
Fty minimum- 95
ksi
F tu minimum - ksi 120.0 115.0 e( 2 inches mini- 10.0
Fty minimum- ksi 110.0 100.0 mum or4D)-
F c , minimum - ksi 118.0 108.0 percent
e(P'inch), minimum- percent 10 10 *Rolled from shove the beta transus temperature
RA, minimum - percent 20 20
Standard Charpy V, minimum-
ft-lhs +32F 25 25
-80F 21 21
*Rolled from shove the beta transus temperature

3.01.4 Producer's guaranteed properties for alpha-beta

processed sheet and plate, Table 3. 014.

TABLE 3.014
Source (9)
Allov Ti-6Al-2Ch-1 Ta-O. 8Mo
Form Sheet and Plate
Condition Alpha-Beta Processed + Full Annealed
1650F 1 hr AC
>0.125 >o.5oo >1.00 >2.50
Thickness ~0.125 to to to to
Inch 0.500 1.00 2.50 4.00
F tu , minimum - ksi 130 125 125 120 115
Fty minimum - ksi 120 115 115 110 105
F cy minimum - ksi 120 115 110
e(2 inches), minimum
-percent. 10 10 10 10 10
RA, minimum-
percent 20 20 20
Standard Charpy V
IE@ 32F- ft-lbs 21 23 25
3.012 Producer's guaranteed properties for hWet products,
Table 3. 012. No fracture toughness or sea water stress-corrosion data are
available for Alpha-Beta processed material
TABLE 3,012
Source (1)
Alloy Ti-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-lMo
Form Blllet Products
Full Section Test Forged
Test Condition :S:!O inch rd >4 inch rd to
12 inch rd 3,02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
F tu minimum - ksi 115.0 125.0 3.021 Tension (see 3. 031)
Fty, minimum - ksi 100.0 110.0 3.0211 Solution treated tensile properties of plate specimens
F c , minimum - ksi 105.0 115.0 air cooled or furnace cooled from various solution
ell inch), minimum - percent 10 10 temperatures, Figure 3.0211.
RA, minimum - percent 20 25 3.0212 Solution treated tensile properties of plate specimens
Standard Charpy V, minimum - water qur.oohed from various solution temperatures,
ft-lhs, +32F 23 25 Figure 3. 0212.
3.0213 Effect of quench delay on solution treated tensile
*Processed from shove the beta transus temperature properties of plate, Figure 3, 0213.
As-forged or forged and full annealed 1650F, 1 hr, AC 3.0214 Effect of aging temperature on tenaile properties of
***Test forge procedure: 3:1 upset to maximum 7/8 inch thick plate, Figure 3. 0214.
from shove beta trans us and full annealed 1650 F, 1 L ,., AC 3.0215 Effect of aging time on tensile properties of plate,
Figure 3. 0215.
 Tl
RELEASED: .JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3. 0216 Alpha-beta versus beta solution treatment regarding

tensUe properties of as-queucbed or quenched and aged Ti
plate, Table 3. 0216.
6 AI
TABLE 3.0216
2 Cb
Source (4, p. 10)(5, p. 26)
Alloy Ti-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-o. 8Mo
I Ta
Form 1 11 h rolled_llls e 0.8 Mo
Test
~tr
Ftu ~(lin) RA
Condition Direction ksl % % Ti-6AI-2Cb
As-rolled L 119.6 101.8 10.8
T 123.0 1105.0 112.5
23.1 -ITa-OBMo
33.6
Alpha annealed L 118.2 99.2 12.5 28.0
[(1600F 1hr AC) T 122.4 107.4 12.5 31.9
Alpha-beta annealed, air-cooled L 118.2 97.7 12.5 31.3
I (1815F 1 hr ACl T 122.2 104.0 13.0 33.0
Alpha-beta solution treated, quenched L 126.0 101.2 13.0 29.0
'n815F 1 hr wo1 T 129.0 108.4 11.8 30.7 3.0217 TensUe and compressive properties of 11ncb and 2.5
Alpha-beta solution treated, aged L 127.0 108.9 10.5 20.8 1Dch plate from two beats and in several beat treated
(1815F, 1 hr, WQ+1100F, 2 hrs, T 135.5 118.9 10.5 22.1 conditions. Table 3. 0217.
ACl
Beta annealed, air-i:ooled L 123.2 101.4 11.8 24.6
[(1900F 1hr AC) T 123.2 103.4 12 27.7
Beta solution treated, quenched L 131.1 110.2 12.8 31.0 TABLE 3 0217
i(1900F lhr,_ WQ) T 128.1 108.0 8.8 23.8 Source _(2, pp.21,22,23,26)
Beta solution treated, aged L 135.3 117.1 9.5 24.8 Alloy Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-o. 8Mo
(1900F, 1 hr, WQ+1100F, 2 hrs, T 135.4 116.2 9.5 21.2
Form Rolled Plate
AC)
Plats
Each value average of two tests. Thickness Test Fey Ftu (lin RA
Heat laches Direction ksl ksl :atr % %
As Rolled
A 1 L 120.7 99.9 17.0 30.4
T 123.5 105.6 17.0 28.4
B 1 L 103.6 118.6 95.6 17.0 35.4
T 109.8 121.6 102.4 11.0 30.6
B 2.5(1) L 101.2 117.6 96.9 12.5 32.0
T 99.8 117.4 98 6 12 0 32 8
1650F 1 Hour AC
A 1 L 120.1 102.2 14.0 30.7
T 120.6 101.0 12.8 26.0
B 1 L 107.6 118.6 94.7 15.5 34.4
T 115. 118.5 96.9 14.5 35.2
1875 1 Hour WQ
B 1 L 112.2 127.8 108.6 10.2 18.6
T 114.0
B 2.5(1)(2) L 114.8 125.9 107.0 10.0 23.0
T 117.8 122.2 106.5 10.0 28.0
1875F, 1 Hour, WQ + 1100F 2 Hours AC
B 1 L 118.0 130.2 111.5 11.2 20.8
T 121.6 130.8 112.2 9.2 16.2
2.5(1)(2) L 123.6 129.3 115.4 10.0 13.4
T 120.8 128.9 115.8 8.8 14.4
1875F 1 Hour w + 1100F 8 Hours AC
B 1 L 121: ~~27. 8 109.7 9.5 20.6
T 123.6 131.7 114.6 9.8 18.0
2000F 1 Hour 70 seconds Delay In air WQ
A 1 L 126.2 105.8 11.0 24.2
T 127.5 107.6 9.8 26.8
B 1 L 112.0 124.4 98.8 12.0 26.1
T 120. 126.6 102.1 10.2 19.4
2000F, 1 Hour, 70 Seconds Delay (1n air), WQ + 1000F, 4 Hrs,
AC
B 1 L 123. 128.1 105.4 7.5 11.2
T 122. 129.6 108.4 9.5 14.7
2000F, 1 Hour, 70 Seconds Delay (ln air), WQ + llOOF, 8 Hrs,
AC
A 1 L 126.8 109.8 10.8 20.3
T 131.6 114.7 10.0 16.2
B 1 L 119.2 128.0 1011.1 8.2 10.8
T 122.0 130.0 111.0 8.8 14.9

Each value average of two tests.

(1) Specimens taken from mld-tblcknsss.
(2) 1.5 hours at solution temperatura.
 '.
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED! JUNE 1969

3, 0218 Tensile aud compressive properties as a function of

Ti specimen lociiUon aud direction for as-rolled 1 inch
and 2.5 inch plate from two heats, Table 3.0218.
6 AI
2 Cb
I To
0.8 Mo TABLE 3.0218
Source (3, p,9)
Alloy
Ti-6AI-2C b Ti-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-O, 8Mo
Form Rolled Plate
-1Ta-0.8M o Condition As-Rolled
Specimen Location
Plate In Plane In Plate
Thickness of Plate Thickness- Specimen
~~
Fer Ftu e(1lnch) RA
Heat Inches (area) Direction Direction ks ksl percent percent
A 1 1 Mid-Thicknes s L 110 120 102 12 32
T 111 121 101 12 23
A 1 2 Mid-Thicknes s L
T
---
---
120
121
102
101
14 35
12 25
B 1 1 Mid-Thicknes s L
T
---
---
119
120
98
101
14 38
12 27
B 2.5 1 Surface L lOG 117 97 12 28
T 107 120 100 11 30
Mid-Thicknes s L 107 117 96 13 30
T 105 117 99 11 32
B 2.5 2 Surface L --- 118 97 12 29
Mid-Thicknes s
T
L
---
---
120
118
100
97
12
14
23
32
T --- 119 99 14 35
B 2.5 2 --- --- --- ST 103 117 96 11 38
0,505 Inch diameter tensile specimens; Specimen lociiUons In plane of plate

,~r~o
each value average of two tests.

T
30
2
r--
10
Inches

1 ~~Inches
Inches
area
1 10 Inches

1--ln~~es ~

3. 0219 Variation 1n room temperature tensile properties and

-SOF and +32F standard Charpy V impact energy as a
funcLion of specimen location for as-Nlled and heat
treated 2.5 Inch plate, Tnblo 3.0219.

TABLE 3 0219
Source (3 p.8)
Alloy Ta-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-O .8Mo
Form 2. 5 Inch Rolled Plate
Room Temperature Standard Chnrpy V
Tensile Properties Impact Energy
Specimen Ftu
~1
e(l In) RA ft-lhs
Condition LocaLion ksl % % @ -SOF fi; +32F
As-Rolled Surface 117 97 12 28 27 33
Mid-Thick 117 96 13 31 26 34
2300F, 1 hr, Surface 127 108 9 19 29 40
WQ Mid-Thick 122 104 8 17 29 36
2300F, lhr, Surface 130 114 7 14 26 32
WQ+llOOF,
2hrs, AC ~Ud-Thlck 125 108 8 16 25 30

All longitudinal properties.

Heat treatments performed on 5x4x2.5 Inch sections, specimens
removed from the center of those sections at either the surface or
mid-thickness locations.
 .If
RELEASED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS.

3. 02110 Rex>m temperature teliSUe and compressive strengths

and -SOF and +32F impact energies for as-rolled plate Ti
of various sizes, Table 3. 02110.
6' AI
2 Cb
I To
0.8 Mo
Ti-6AI-2Cb
- 1Ta-0.8Mo

TABLE 3 02110
Source (1)
Alloy Tl-6Al-2Cb-l Ta-lMo
Form Rolled Plate
Condltlon As-Rolled
standard Charpy V
Room Temperature Properties Impact Energy
Test Ftu F (linch) RA ft-lbs
Size - lnches DirecUon :;r ksi ~ percent percent +32F -SOF

1/2x24x60 L 1!15.5 124.2 10.0 34.0 28.0 26.0

T 1~A.O 127.4 11.0 36.0 28.0 22.5
I lx24x96 L 113.0 121.0 106.0 13.0 41.0 29.0 26.0
\ .......... T 126 0 126.0 114.0 12.0 28.0 30,0 22.5
1 3/4x65 diameter L 120.0 104.0 11.0 35.0 27.0
T 123.0 108.0 11.0 31.0 27.0
2x40x50 L 124.0 122.5 111.5 12.0 34.0 24.0 27.0
T 114.0 122.0 110.0 14.0 39.0 27.0 25.0
2 3/8x36x48 L 114.0 122.0 107.0 14.0 25.0 45.5 26.5
T 126.0 124.0 110.0 13.0 24.0 31.0 25.5
2 3/8x19 l/2xl12 L 122.9 121.0 108.5 13.5 33.0 35,0 36.0
T 116.6 121.0 107.0 15.0 33,5 41.0 34.0
2 3/8x 20x75 L 112.0 120,5 106,5 12.5 29.0 36~ 34:0
T 119.5 121.5 107.0 13.5 25.0 37.0 34.0
3x46x46 L 111.3 117.4 100.3 13.5 29.5 28.0
T 113.7 121 5 102.8 14.0 26.0 27.5
4x24x96 L 115.0 97.0 13.0 24.0 29.0
T 117.7 95.0 14.0 25.0 28.0
Not nil from same heat, Center properties. Single Tests.
 II .
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE 1969

3. 02111 Room temperature tensUe and compressive properties

Ti and -80F and +32 impact energies of as-forged
pressure vessel cover, Table 3. 02111.
6 AI
2 Cb
I Ta
0.8 Mo

Ti-6AI-2Cb
-1Ta-0.8Mo

.
TABLE 3 02111
Source lll
Alloy Ti-6Al-2Cb-lTa-o. 8Mo
Form Pressure Vessel Cover
Condition As-Forged
Room Temperature Properties Standard Charpy V
Impact Energy
Specimen e(l in RA ft-lbs
~or :!r
Ftu
Location ksi % % +32F -80F
TT-l 126.3 105.9 13 37.2
TT-l! 125.5 110.1 15 39.6
T'f-3 125.6 109.0 13 36.9
TT-4 127.6 116.8 15 36.6
TT-5 126.9 111.8 13 22.7
TT-6 128.3 117.3 15 38.8

AT-1 126.2 113.3 14 28.6

AT-2 126.0 113.3 14 36.7
AT-3 126.3 112.8 14 37.2
AT-4 126.1 112.9 14 38.6

RC-1 122.1
RC-2 118.9

Ac-1 119.5
AC-2 121.8
AC-3 123.2
AC-4 119.6

TI-l 39.0
Tl-2 44.0
TI-3 39.0
TI-4 33.0
TI-5 ~
28.0
TI-6 27.5

AI-l 38.0
AI-2 43.0
AI-3 41.0
AI-4 29.0
AI-5 28.0
AI-6 29.0

,.
r
 Tl
RELEASED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti
6 AI
2 Cb
I Ta
0.8 Mo
Ti-6AI-2Cb
-1Ta-0.8Mo

~---------------------s~s----------------------~

\............

1-------- 4 15/16

AC-3,4

Ref.
1 3/32

TABLE 3.02111
SPECIMEN LOCATION DIAGRAM
Ti
NONFERROUS. ALLOYS RELEASED: .JUNE 1969

Ti
3. 02112 Room temperature tenslle properties and +32F Impact
energy of forged dome, Table 3. 02112.
3.02114 True-stress/tru~traln curves for linch and 2.5
inch as-rolled plate, Figure 3. 02114.
u
TABLE 3.02112 3. 022 Compresalon (see also 3. 032 and Tables 3. 0217,
6 AI 3.0218, 3.02110, and 3.02111)
Source m 3. 0221 Effect of tensile prestraln on compressive yield strength
2 Cb Alloy T1-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8M o of plate (Bauschlnger Effect) with and without stress
I Ta Form Forged Dome relief treatment, Table 3. 0221.
condition As-Forged
0.8 Mo
Room Temperature Standard Charpy V
Properties Impact Energy
Ti-6AI-2Cb Specimen Ftu Fty e(1in) RA @32F
-I Ta-.0.8Mo Location ksl kSI % % ft-lbs
1 122.1 07.4 10.5 27.2 TABLE 3 0221
2 122.6 08.2 12.5 29.9 21.0 Source (3, p.l3)
3 122.6 08.4 12.0 30.5 Alloy TI-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8 Mo
4 124.8 13.6 17.0 30.5
5 130.0 14.0 9.5 22.3 22.0 Form 1 Inch Pl.te
G 129.4 fll8.0 17.5 38.8 23.5 Condition As-Rolled
7 130.2 18.G 17.5 37.2 23.5
Tenslle Stress Relief
8
9
135.6 ~23.8 15.0 37.5
133.4 22.2 15.0 37.2
27.0
22.0
Pre strain
Percent
Treatment ~~
Temp-F Hours (0. 01% Offset) (0.2% Offset)
0.0 RT -- 87 110
3 12 5 4 1.28
1.28
RT
GOO
--1 45
63
89

T 5
1.28
1.28
GOO
900
3
1
G5
75
9G
99
104

_j_ --jo.62q-
compression

LJ;r
Specimen

\"'->..

3.023 Impact (see 3. 033)

3.024 Bending.
3.025 Torsion and shear.
3.026 Bearing.
3.027 Stress concentration (see 2. 03 for lnfiuence of sea-
water on cracked specimens).
3. 02113 Effect of oxygen content on tensile properties of plate 3.0271 Notch properties.
in various heat treated conditions, Table 3. 02113.
TABLE 3 02113
Source (4, p.lO)
Alloy T1-GA1-2Cb-l Ta-o. 8Mo
Form 1 Inch Rolled Plate

Test
~tr
Ftu e(linch) RA
Condition Direction ksl percent percent
Al Cb Ta Mo Fe c N 0
Weight Percent 6.2 2.40 1.00 0.74 0.06 0.02 O.OOG 0.058
1900F, 1 Hour, AC L 123.2 101.4 11.8 24.G
T 123.2 103.4 12.2 27.7
1900F, 1 Hour, WQ L 131.1 110.2 12.8 31.0
T 128.1 108.0 8.8 23.8
1900F, 1 Hour, WQ + 1100F, 2 Hours, L 135.3 117.1 9.5 24.8
AC T 135.4 11G.2 9.5 21.2

Al Cb Ta Mo Fe c N 0
Weight Percent G.O 1.98 0.92 0.80 0.05 0.03 0.006 0.122
1950F, 1 Hour, AC L 127.6 105.5 12.2 27.6
T 128.5 100.3 12.5 26.5
1950F, 1 Hour, WQ L 135.2 115.0 11.5 27.3
T 136.6 116.6 10.8 19.4
1950F, 1 Hllur, WQ + 1100F, 2 Hours, L 137.1 119.8 12.5 25.4
AC T 139.0 121.1 9.2 16.0
,\ll valuos average iif two tests.
 Tl
RELEAS0: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.0272 FrPcture toughness. There exists no inf.ormation on 3. 0332 Room temperature yield strength and -80F standard
the ;?lane strain fracture toughness of tb.l.s alloy, even Charpy V impact energy of plate specimens air cooled Ti
though the alloy is intended for 3tructurlll applications or water quenched from various solution tempera-
in deep diving submersibles where heavy sections may tures, Figure 3. 0332. 6 AI
operate under conditions of plane strain. In addition, 3. 0333 Effect of quench delay on room temperature yield
temperature lower than ambient will be eooountered strength and -80F impact energy of solution treated 2 Cb
in marine applications, increasing the possibility of plate, Figure 3. 0333, I To
plane strain !allures. 3. 0334 Effect of aging temperature on room temperature
Judging from the scatter in Cbarpy V energies (see yield strength and -BOF impact energy of plate, 0.8 Mo
Figure 3. 0331) it might be expected that considershle Figure 3. 0334.
scatter in fracture toughness values would be encoun- 3, 0335 Effect of aging time on room temperature yield
tered. strength and -80F impact energy of plate, Figure Ti-6AI-2C b
3.0335.
3.028 Combined properties.
3. 0336 Room tempe\"lll:ure yield strength and +32F standard
-1Ta-0.8M o
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures Charpy V impnct energy of plate air cooled from
3.031 Tension (see 3.021) various solution temperawres, with and without
3.0311 Effect of test :.Cmperature on tensile properties of subsequent aging, Figure 3. 0336.
stress relieved pancake forging, Figure 3. 0311. 3. 0337 Alpha-beta versus beta solution. treu.bnent regarding
3.0312 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of -80F standard Charpy V and +32E' drop weight toar
full annealed pancake forging, Figure 3. 0312. energies of as-quenched or quenched and aged pla:.e,
3.0313 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of Table 3. 0337.
solution treated and aged pancake forging, Figure
3,0313.
3.032 Compression.
3.033 Impact (see Tables 3. 0219 through 3. 02112)
3.0331 Effect of test temperature on standard Charpy V
impact energy of 1 inch and 2. 5 inch as-rolled
plate from two heats, Figure 3. 0331.

TAB.:Y 3 0337
Source (4 p.l0)(5,p.26)
Alloy Ti-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-0.8Mo
Form 1 Inch Rolled Plate

Standard Charpy V Drop Weight

Fty lmpnct Energy Tear Energy
Test @RT @-80F @ +32F
Condition Direction ksl ft-lbs !t-lbs

L 101.8 23.5 2266

As-Rolled
T 105 0 23.0 2146
L 99.2 29.2 2443
Alpha annealed
32.2 2846
I (1600F 1 llour AC) T 107.4
2560
Alpha-beta annealed, air-cooled L 97.7 32.5
2266
I (1815F, 1 llour, AC) T 104.0 28.2
27.8 2560
Alpha-beta solution treated, quenched L 101.2
T 108.4 32.2 2443
(1815F, 1 llour, WQ)
L 108.0 25.5 2086
Alpha-beta solution treated, aged
118.9 29.0 1905
(1815F, 1 llour, WQ + 1100F, 2 Hours, AC) T
L 101.4 33.0 2618
Beta annealed, air-cooled
T 103.4 28.2 1966
(19001', 1 llour, AC)
L 110.2 30.5 2266
Dctn solution treated, quenched
2266
I (1900F, 1 Hour, WQ) T 108.0 26.8
24.0 1723
Beta solution treat~'<!, aged J, 117.1
T 116.2 23.2 2146
(1!lGOF, 1 llour, WQ + llOOF, 2 llours, AC)

All values average of two tests except D\\"T values whlch arc Individual results.
Smooth tensile properties presented In Tnble 3. 0216 correspond to these Impact data.
Same DWT specimen as In Table 3.0338 except 18 Inches long by 4.5 Inches deep.
1n a separate study on this same heat, the following results were obtained:
2384 ft-lbs(L) and 1784 ft-lbs(T) (5, p. 25)
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE 1969

3. 0338 Room temperature yield strength, -80F standard

\....
Ti Charpy V and +32F drop weight tear energies or 1 inch
plate in several heat treated cooditions, Table 3. 0338.
6 AI
2 Cb
I Ta
0.8 Mo TABLE 3.0338
Source (2, p.23)
Ti-6AI-2Cb Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0. 8Mo
Alloy
-1Ta-0.8Mo Form 1 Inch Rolled Plate
Standard Charpy V Drop Weight
F Impact Energy Tear Energy
Test @~T @-80F @+32F
Direction ksl ft-lbs ft-lbs
As-Rolled

L 95.6 32.3 2325*

T 102.4 27.0 1662*

1650F, 1 Hour, AC

L 94.7 30.5 1966

T 96.9 29.0 1966
1966**
1875F, 1 Hnur, WQ + llOOF, 2 Hours, AC

I
L 111.5 25.0 16R2
T 112.2 21.5 1630
1875F, 1 Hour, WQ + llOOF, 8 Hours, AC
L 109.7 24.2 1784
T 114.6 22.8 1478

2000F, 1 Hour, 70 Seconds Delay (in air), WQ

L 98.8 18.8 1228

T 102.1 19.5 1296
2000F, 1 Hour, 70 Seconds Delay (in air), WQ + lOOOF, 4 Hours, AC

L 105.4 18.5 1296

T 108.4 22.2 1478
1113**
2000F, 1 Hour, 70 Seconds Delny(in air), WQ + llOOF, 8 Hours, AC
L 109.1 18.0 1478
T 111.0 18.5 1418
Each value average or two tests.
Smooth tensile and compressive properties !or heat B in
Tab~e 3. 0217 correspond to these Impact tssts.
*In a preliminary study on this same heat, the following results were
!obtained: 2206 ft-lbs(L) and 1966 ft-lbs(T). (5, p.25)
**0. 025 Inch removed from each sur!ace by machiD!ng prior to test.

l Dynamic Load

~~
+'"' --1""11/2 / ,~_1

17

_l_
1 3/4
L Brittle Weld
(Electron I:ler.:m) h!
5

t
-~ 16
~u
I
Drop-Weight Tear Test Specimen
(brittle weld Initiates crack)
 RELEASED: .JUNE 1969
Tl
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3. 0339 Effect of oxyge n cODtent on room tempe

rature yield
streng th &lid -80F staDd ard Charp y
V impac t alld ~2F
drop weigh t tear energ ies of plate 1D
treate d condi tions, Table 3.033 9.
variou s heat Ti
6 AI
2 Cb
I To
o.a Mo
Ti-6 AI-2 Cb
-1Ta -0.8 Mo
TABL E 3 0339
Sourc e
(4, p. 10)
Alloy
Ti-6A I-2Cb -1Ta- 0.8Mo
Form
1 Jnoh Rolled Plate
Stalldard Charp y v Drop Weigh t
Fty Impac t Energ y
Test Tear Energ y
@RT @-80 F
Condi tion Direc tion @+32 F
ksi tt-lhs tt-lhs
AI Cb Ta Mo Fe c
Weigh t Perce nt 6.2 N 0
2.40 1.00 0.74 0.06 O.G2 0.006 O.Oli8
1900F , 1 Hour, AC
L 101.4 33.0 2618
T 103.4 28.2
1900F , 1 Hour, WQ 1966
L 110.2 30.5 2266
T 108.0 26.8
1900F , 1 Hour, WQ + 1100F , 2 Hours 2266
, L 117.1
AC 24.0 1723
T 116.2 23.2 2146
AI Cb Ta Mo Fe c N
Weight Perce nt 6.0 0
1.98 0.92 0.80 o.os 0.03 0.006 0.122
1950F , 1 Hour, AC
L 105.5
1950F , 1 Hour, WQ
T 106.3
24.8
25.5
___
1784
..,

1950F , 1 Hour, WQ +1100 F, 2 Hours

,
L
T
115.0
116.6
22.5
24.0
--
--
L 119.8 22.0
AC T 1173

All values avera ge of two teste, excep

121.1 23.2 ----
t DWT values , which are lndivl dual result
Smoot h tensll e prope rties presen ted e.
1n Table 3. 02113 corres pond to these
Same DWT specim en as in Table 3.033 impac t data.
8 excep t 18 inches long by 4.5 lnohes
deep.

3.034 Bendi ng.

3,035 Torsio n and shear . 3,065 Secan t modul us: 12.5 x 10 6 psi (0.2 perce
nt offset yield
3.036 Beari ng. streng th).
3,037 Stress conce ntrati on.
3,038 Comb ined prope rties.
4. FABRICATION
3.04 Creel! and Creel! R~ure Pro~rUes
4.01 Forma bWtv
3.05 Fatigu e Pro!?!!rtlCS (See also Figur e 4.011 Recom mende d forgin g tempe rature s:
2.039 ) blocld ng, 185D-
3.051 Low cycle fatigu e crack growth rate 1950F ; 11Dlshlng, 180D- 1850F .
for mlldly -notch ed
plate specim ens, Figur e 3.051 .
3,06 Elasti c prope rties. 4.02 ~
3,061 Polsso n's ratio :elast ic, 0.31; plasti See other titaniu m alloy chapt ers alld
c, 0.42. Alr Force
3.062 Modul us of elasti city: Et=17 . 0 x 106 MachiDabWty Data Cente r, Metcu t Resea
psl; rch Assoc .,
Ecl8 , 3 X 106 psi. Clncln natf, Ohio 45209 .
3,063 Modulus of rigidi ty.
3.064 Tange nt modul us: 3,10 x 106 psi (0.2 4.03 ~
perce nt oflset Alloy is welda ble (see also Table 2. 035
yield streng th). alld Figur e
2.0581 .
 II

I NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASE~JUNE1969

I 4.031 Room temper ature tensile proper ties o! welded

l
Ti linch
plate in as-wel ded and in stress relieve d coDdlti
ons,
Table 4. 031.
6 AI
i 2 Cb Table 4 031
Source
i
I
I To Alloy
13, p.15)
TI-6Al -2Cb-1 Ta-0.8 Mo
0.8 Mo Form
1 Inch Rolled Plate Welded
Filler Metal Room Tempe rature Tensile Proper ties
Ti-6A I-2C b
Welding
Wire
Nominal Diame ter
Conditi on
of Ftu
~ty I
(0.2% Offset) e(1 Inch)
l.ocallo n
-ITa- O.BM o Proces s Compo sition Inches Weldm ent ksl
RA of
ksl percen t percen t Fractu re
GTA Tl-021 /0.8 1/8 Flat
strip As-We lded 127
Tl-621 /0.8 115 9 26 Base l\letal
1/8 Flat
strip 900F, 2 Hrs, AC 129
Tl-621 /0.5 0.062 115 10 25 Base Metal
As-We lded 123 105
Tl-621 /0.5 0.062 11 33 Base Metal
900F, 2 Hrs, AC 124 109
GMA Tl-621 /0.5 0.062 11 31 Base 1\Ietal
As-We lded 120 108(1)
Tl-621 /0.5 0.062 10 31 Base Metal
900F, 2 Hrs, AC 127 113(1) 9
Tl-621 /0.5 0.062 26 Base 1\letal
As-Welded 125 113(2) 12
Tl-621 /0.5 0.062 23 Weld
900F, 3 Hrs, AC 127 116(2) 11 25 Weld
(1) Determ ined using SR-4 strain gauges
on weld zone of specim en.
mounted
(2) Determ ined !rom "all weld" specim en.
'x%"1
1
~ t
7
linch
_11/1 6 Inch
t
- "J Groove " Butt Weld

4.V32 Sires,; strain curve for weld zone of GMA welded

plate, Figure 4. 032.
4.033 Ro<lm temper ature yield strengt h and +32F
standa rd
Chnrpy V impact energy of welded 1 inch plate,
Table 4. 033.

TABLE 4 033
Source
(3, p.15)
Al!ov
TI-6Al -2Cb-1 Ta-O. BMo
Form
1 Inch Rolled Plate, WcldcdC6l
Filler Metal Fty(5) Standa rd Charpy V
Wire lmpact Energy (!)
Weldin g (0. 2 percen t
Nomin al Diame ter Conditi on of @+32 F - ft-lbs
Proces s Compos! lion Offset)
Inches Weldm ent ksl Weld Zone HAZ
GTA Tl-621 /0.8 1/8 Flat
strip As-We lded 115 --
. Tl-621 /0.8 1/8 Flal 49
Strip 900F, 2 Hrs, AC
Tl-621 /0.6 0.062 115 32 41
As-We lded
Tl-621 /0.5 0.062 105 -- 43
Gill A Tl-621 /0.5 0.062
900F 2 Hrs
As-We lded
AC 109
108(2)
--39 40
41
Tl-621 ./0. 5 0.062 900F, 2 Hrs, AC 113(2) 3u 39
Tl-621 /0.5 0.062 As-We lded
Tl-f>21 /0.5 0.062 900F, 3 Hrs,
113(3) 40(4) --
(1) Drop-w eight tear energy for GMA weld using
AC 116(3)
Tl-621 /0.8 fl.llor Is (5, p.25):
38(4). --
As-wel ded, 2026 1\-lbs
As-we lded+ 1900F, 1 Hr, Helium Cool, 2560
(Same DWT speolme.'1 as In Table 3. 0338 except n-Ibs
18 Inches long x 4. 5 lncbes deep)
(2) Determ ined using SR-4 strain gauges mounte
d on weld metal.
(3) Determ ined from "all weld" specim en.
(4) At -SOF, 35 ft-lbs for as-wel ded Wld for
900F, 3 hrs, AC conditi ons.
(5) Remain der of smooth tensUe proper ties
corresp onding to these Impact data appoar In
(6) Weld joint oonfigu rallon Is shown in Table Table 4. 031.
4.031.
4.04 neat Treatm ent

4. 05 Surfa.ce Treatm ent

 Tl
RELEASED: .JUH~ 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

! )
~ 60
Ti
Ti-6Al-2CI>-1Ta-O. BMo
6 AI

~
1 INCH PLATE, AS ROLLED
50 --
2 Cb.

~i""o--n.. I To
~ 40 u- 900F-
0.8 Mo
c~
~

Ill. 0
~
IX:
!-<
~ ko J.01F-
Ti-6AI-2Cb
"' 30
" -1To-0.8Mo
0 u
'
20

INITIAL STRESS= 0. 2% OFFSET YIELD STRENGTH

AT THE TEST TEMPERATURE.
10
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
TIME, HOUR

FIG. 1.0511 STRESS RELAXATION OF PLATE AT 900 AND 1000 F

(3, FIG. B)

TI-6Al-2CI>-1Ta-o. BMo
liNCH PLATE

COOLING RATE CURVES:

THERMOCOUPLE BURIED
IN CENTER OF 1 IN x 7 IN x 7 IN

1700
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
TIME - SECONDS

FIG. 1.0551 COOLING RATE CURVES FOR 1 INCH PLATE COOLED

IN AIR.
(2, p. 20)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE 11~69

Ti
6 AI
Ti-6Al-2C b-1 Ta-O .8Mo
2 Cb
HEAT A. 1 IN ROLLED PLATE (6, FIG. 11) (3, pp. 4 AND 11)
I To dL AS ROLLED
0.8 Mo ~~ } AS ROLLED + 1100 F STRESS RELIEF, AIR COOLED
HEAT B, 1 IN ROLLF.D PLATE (3, P 4)
Ti-6AI- 2Cb
~L} AS ROLLED
-1To-0. 8Mo "-T
mAT
tiL, SURFACE
B.'' mrLLEDPLAT<
(3, pp. 4 AND 11)

vfL, MID-THICK AS ROLLED

.T, MID-THICK
AL, SURFACE AS ROLLED + 2100 F, 1 HR, AIR COOLED
VL, MID-THICK
HEAT C, 3/4 IN ROLLED PLATE (3. p. 5)
CL 1950 F, 1 HR, AIR COOLED+ HOOF AGE, AIR COOLED
HEAT D, 1 IN ROLLED PLATE (3, p. 6)
<>L} 1920 F, 1 HR, AIR COOLED+ 1100 F AGE, AIR COOLED
+T
1.2
'-!-- - r - - - --- --- - - -
["" 8 c
c
"
~
<> <
0
0

~---- 1 - - - - - - -1 - - - ' - - - - -

o. 6
0 4 8 12 16 20
AGING OR STRESS REL!El' TIME - HOURS

CANTlLEVEH-BEAM
SEAWATER STRESS- CRACK IMMERSED IN SEAWATER
CORROSION SPECIMEN (RESERVOm NOT SH0~1

r=====f~H FAn~~ CRAC...o.,.

~L,-;-~j:t:;;!::::::===1'16~420
L------+'1.-- -aJ-0.420
INITIAL LOAD-50 PERCENT ANTICIPATED FAILURE LOAD;
LOAD INCREASED IN 1G-15 KSI INCREMENTS EVERY 5-10
MiNUTES UNTIL FAILURE.
S =NOMINAL BEND STRENGTH IN SEAWATER.
0
sw
lin =NOMINAL BEND STRENGTH IN AIR
AIR
S0 CALCULATED ON NET SECTION USING SIMPLE BEAM
THEORY: S ~
0
I

FIG. 2.034 SEAWATER STRESS CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF PLATE.

 I I

RELEASEO: ..JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

( i
,_/ 120

~ Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0,8Mo Ti

- ---
110 1 INCH PLATE, AS-ROLLED
6 AI
~~ r---_ 2 Cb
~
100

.,
~
I
90
...........
1'--. '
1---
- I
0.8
Ta
Mo
80 HEAT A, LONGITUDilllAL
FTy= 101.8 KSI
~AIR
ea.5 PERCENT NaCl
} (5, p.57)
SEE FIG. 2.038 FOR SPECIMEN AND Ti-6AI-2Cb
SOLUTION KQ CALCULATION
-1Ta-0.8Mo
70 HEAT B, TRANSVERSE
FTy=102.4 KSI
{~AIR
SYNTHETIC SEAWATER~} (2, 25)
SEEp.FIG. 2.037 FOR SPECIMEN
, (ASTM SPEC. D-141-52) AND KQ CALCULATION
60
.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000
TIME TO FAILURE- MINUTES

FIG. 2.036 SUSTAINED LOAD SALT WATER STRESB-CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF AS ROLLED PLATE.

Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8Mo
I SYNTHETIC SEAWATER FTy
1 INCH ROLLED PLATE
\ ..> TRANSVERSE TESTS AIR (ASTM SPEC D-141-52) KSI

AS-ROLLED 0 102.4
120 1650F, 1 HR, AC [J 96.9
2000F, 1 HR, 70 SECONDS DELAY,
WQ
2000F, 1 HR, 70 SECONDS DELAY,
6
102.1

100
WQ + 1000F, 4 HRS, AC
2000F, 1 HR, 70 SECONDS DELAY,
WQ + 1100F, 8 HRS, AC
0
108.4

v ~ 111.0

80

~~ 60
I FATIGUE CRACKED CANTILEVER BEND
'Jt.G' - STRESB-CORROSION SPECIMEN

40
KQ =4.12M-.1 1-
V <i3 01.
3

--}. BD 3/2

r- 10
WHERE: M MOMENT AT CRACK TIP AT RUPTURE
B SPECIMEN WIDTH ('" 0, 875)
20 D a SPECIMEN DEPTH ( 1.0)
c:t-1-..!_
D
a CRACK LENGTH

0~------------~------------~------------~------------~
0.1 1.0 10 100 1000
TIME TO F AlLURE - HOURS

FIG. 2.037 SUSTAINED LOAD SEA WATER STRESIH:ORROSION BEHAVIOR OF PLATE IN SEVERAL
HEAT TREATED CONDITIONS.
(2, pp. 23 and 25)
I NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE 1969

I
~ 6
Ti
AI
130

120
Ti-6Al-2Cb--1 Ta-o. 81\f.o
1 INCH ROLLE D PLATE
oov< >AIR
u
i" LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION
e T + 3. 5 PERCE NT NaCI SOLUTION
2 Cb 110 ~
I Ta
100 \ ~r-- _ I
-
0.8 Mo
~~
t-
B~ PLATE
____ --- - -
Ti-6A I-2Cb 90
... li.-
~~ ,_ } (-OU .DJ
-
-1Ta -0.8M o 80 WELD
-
~ES
~
10
~
DOUBL E-V MIG WELD
.. Cf.
li.
+1/8
+3/16
(AS-WELDED)

-
60 (FILLE R SAME COMPOSITION)

/= .J
I
g o.o ~NOTCH HATl G"' CRACK-o. -
;--I_.~:
50
IJEo
40 ~OGREE~ FATIG "' ORA<>KED (AND ODE GROOVED]
i!o GROOVES CANTILEVER BEND STRESS CORROSION
30 -- 7 SPECIMEN
(SEE FIG. 2.037 FOR I'Q CALCULATION)
20 I
l L
0.1 10 100 1000100000 10000
TIME TO F AlLURE - MINUTES
FIG. 2.038 SUSTAINED I.OAD SAL'l' WATER STRESS-CORRO
SION BEHAVIOR OF WELDED PLATE .
. (5, pp. 57 AND 59)

T1-6Al-2Cb--1 Ta-C. 8!\lo

2.5 INCH ROLLlcD PLATE
AS ROLLE D CONDITION
L SMOOTH NOTCHED
AIR SEAWATER AIR SEAWA TER
REVERSE BEND
~

0 t:.
ROTATING BEAM
I
gj100
0
<>

~"'
Q 1:11
"'
1%:
Ul
NOTCH: 45oy
~ 0.01 DEEP <>
SMOOTH
"'
~ 0.01 ROOT RADIUS I
s Kf-3 . 21/4 R NOTCHED

~ 10
SQUARE WAVE
I.OAD PROFIL E
0.5 1/2 TO 1 CPM

Roo0.01
--
NOTCHED REVER SE BEND FATIGUE SPECIM
Kt3
EN NOTCHED ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE SPEC;(M
(SMOOTH SPECIMEN AS SHOWN WITHOUT NOTCH EN
) (SMOOTH SPECIMEN AS SHOWN WITUOUT NOTCH
1 )
1~0~2----~----~----~-----1~0~4-----~--
--~10~5------~---1~0~----~--~~-----L
6 ----~-----J
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 2.039 EFFEC T OF SEA WATER ENVIRO
NMENT ON I.OW AND ffiGH CYCLE FATIGUE
SPECIMENS. STRENGTH OF SMOOTH AND MilD :ti'OTCH
(3, Ftg. 6 and Append!t.'<J)
 II

RELEASED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-O.BMo Ti
1 INCH PLATE
SOLUTION TREAT, 1 HOUR, AS 6 AI
130 1 INCH X 6 INCH X 6 INCH
SPECIMEN BLANKS 2 Cb
I Ta
~ 120 0.8 Mo

Ti-6AI-2Cb
110
-ITa-O.SMo

L T
100 AC FROM SOLUTION TEMP
FC FROM SOLUTION TEMP
0 [J

TO 900F, AC 0d ,j rf
EACH POINT AVERAGE TWO TESTS
90
40
~ 30
~
0
= 20
re i
10
e ( 1 IN)

1650 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000

SOLUTION TEMPERATURE - F
FIG. 3.0211 SOLUTION TREATED TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
PLATE SPECIMENS AIR COOLED OR FURNACE
COOLED FROM VARIOUS SOLUTION TEMPERA-
TURES. (2, pp 21-22)

150
140 Ti-6Al-2Cb-l Ta-o. BMo
'1'1-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8Mo 1 INCH PLATE
SOLUTION TREAT, 11ffi, WATER QUENCH AS 1 INCH PLATE
2000F, 1 HR, DELAY (IN AIR), WATER QUENCH
1 IN x 6 IN x 6 IN SPECIMEN BLANKS
140 AS 1 IN x 6 IN x 6 IN SPECIMEN BLANKS
130
0 [JL e T
EACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TESTS

130
FTU
-
~
120
110

110
- FTY

100
F---
~ r- t--.

90 .> RA .>
30
~
w 20
0 e ( 1 IN)
=
w 10
"'
1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 0
40 50 GO 70 SO 90 100
SOLUTION TEMPERATURE- F
QUENCH DELAY- ilECONDS
FIG. 3.0212 SOLUTION TREATED TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF PLATE SPECIMENS WATER QUENCHED FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF QUENCH DELAY ON SOLUTION TREATED
FROM VARIOUS SOLUTION TEMPERATURES. TENSILE PROPERTIES OF PLATE.
(2, p. 21) (2, p. 22)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE 1969

140 ~
Ti T1-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-o. SMo
1 INCH PLATE
6 AI """1
2000F, 1 HR, 70 SECONDS DELAY (IN AIR),
130 WATER QUENCH+ AGE, 2 HRS, AIR COOLED
2 Cb ~ ~ AS 1 IN x 6 IN x 6 IN SPECIMEN BLANKS
(
I To t--- _c FTU
0.8 Mo ~ 120 f-- ............
~

Ti-6AI-2Cb
110 f-- -.....jl
-1Ta-0.8Mo

100 1-
-K 1'-...n
~
0 C L e T
EACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TESTS

~
90
40
,(> <>
l'l
0
r--
ll!=
30

20 1- RA
v

10 i- ,. e ( 1 IN) ....
0
UNAGED
W\.. 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700
AGING TEMPERATURE- F
FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF PLATE.
(2, p. 22)

T1-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8 Mo
1 INCH PLATE
2000F, 1 HR, 70 SECONDS DELAY (IN AIR),
140 WQ + 1100F AGE, AC A81 IN X 6 IN X 6 IN
SPECIMEN BLANKS

~ 130
""'""-.
"
- FTU

120
200

,.,....,.,... ~ FTY 100

110
~
0 c L e T
~
100 I

~ 40~<> EACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TESTS <> :2

l'l
10
l'l 200
0
= 30 E 100
ll! ~
20

10
' ~
~
RA
t:
e ( 1 IN)
0 10
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 0.01
0.001 0.10 1.0
AGING TIME - HOURS TRUE STRAIN, IN/IN
FIG. 3.0215 EFFECT OF AGING TIME ON TENSILE PROPERTIES \.
FIG. 3, 02114 TRUE STRESS/TRUE STRAIN CURVES FOR lINCH
OF PLATE.
AND 2.& INCH AS-ROLLED PLATE.
(2, p. 22) (3, FIG. 3)
 RELEASED: JUNE 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

~
0 [] Tl-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-0.8Mo
Ti
120
Tl-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-1.2Mo
~ORGED PANCAKE- 3:1 UPSET TO 5/8 140 6 AI
INCH THICKNESS TANGENTIAL
2 Cb
(
r 0
_i llOOF, 2 HRS, AIR COOLED
~ACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TESTS
120
I Ta

\ FTU
~ 0.8 Mo

80 ~ ~ 100 ~
Ti-GAI-2Cb

~
~ -1To-0.8Mo

60 ~ ,.._ ...........
80

~.," 60

80
<> <> 40
RA ~

~
e ( 1 INCH)
20 ,_....
0
i
0 200 400 600 BOO 1000
TEST TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 3.0311 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF STRESS RELIEVED PANCAKE
FORGING (1)
140~----,-----~----~----~------~~--~ 160
o c T1-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8M o 0 c Tl-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8M o ,
Tl-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-1.2M o Tl-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-1.2M o
FORGED PANCAKE - 3:1 UPSET TO 5/8 IN
1-----~..P..,- FORGED PANCAKE- 3:1 UPSET TO 5/B IN 140 140 THICKNESS T.I\NGENTIAL 160
120 TANGENTIAL
THICKNESS 1850F, 1 HR, WATER QUENCH+ llOOF,
1650F, 1 HR, AIR COOLED 2 HRS, AIR COOLED
EACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TESTS
EACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TESTS
120 140
~
I ~
~ ::>
!-<
I (&.
100 120 :><
!-<
>. ~
1'0!7

80 100

60 80

40

RA
~ 60 r----T----~----+----4-----+----4
til
~ 40 t---+----:::~~---~RA-+-----+----i

e ( 1 INCH) If 20 ~~:i=$~=-=i~
0~----~--~----~----~----~----~ 0 ~0----~2~00~--~4~0~0----~60~0~---8~0~0----~~---~
0 200 400 1000
600 800
TEST TEMPERATURE- F
TEST TEMPERATURE - F
FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED
PROPERTIES OF FULL ANNEALED PANCAKE (1)
(1)
PANCAKE FORGING
FORGING
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS , RELEASED: JUNE 1969

Ti
6 AI
2 Cb
I Ta
0.8 Mo
40
Ti-6AI-2Cb
-1To-0.8Mo 120r------.-----,------~-----r------T----~
1
Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8M o 1 INCH PLATE
"'
Ill 30
..l
2000F, 1 HR, DELAY (IN AIR), WATER QUENCHED AS
I
1 IN x 6 IN x 6 IN SPECIMEN B:.. AHl<S
...
""
20

0 OL EACH POINT
~A HE-i_TB .
0
e
~O~L
+ {/ T
+T
AVERAGE 2 TESTS

10 PLATE THICKNESS, IN ~ ~ "'~

CENTER -SOF
SURFACE
EACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TESTS MINIMUM ...
I

"" 20
0 ~----~------~------~-----L----~ 40 50 60 iO so 90 100
-200 -100 0 100 200 300 QUENCH DELAY- SECONDS
TEMPERATURE - F
FIG. 3. 0333 EFFECT OF QUENCH DELAY ON ROOM TEMPERA-
FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON STANDARD TURE YIElD STRENGTH AND -SOF IMPACT ENERGY
CIIARPY V IMPACT ENERGY OF 1 AND 2.5 INCH OF SOLUTION TREATED PLATE.
AS-ROLLED PLATE FROM TWO HEATS. (2, p. 22)
(2, pp. 21, 23 and 26)(3, pp. 4, 7 and 11) '-._.

12 or'V v
Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-o. 8Mo
1 INCH PLATE
EACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TESTS

----. -- -....,-!
FTY RT

l
110 1-
...... ~-a--c
-...q_

10 0
oc::-
>---
L T
--- o_.........-c

t
.
0 0
'
'-c ......

<> + -OL~O }
---0
SOLUTION TREAT, 1 HR, AC AS1INx6INxom
90
4,()(
:>--a SOLUTION TREAT, 1 HR, WQ SPECIMEN BLANKS
<>
IE -SOF

0
vr-- -
- ' P-
1-
~ Cl
CHARPY V

8~
,/

i 11
@
0
2AS
ROLLED
LJ\.,
1650
"v
1800
'
1850
SOLUTION TEMPERATURE - F
1900 1950 2000

FIG. 3.0332 ROOM TEMPERATURE YIElD STRENGTH AND -SOF STANDARD

CHARPY V IMPACT ENERGY OF PLATE SPECIMENS AIR COOLED
OR WATER QUENCHED FROM VARIOUS SOLUTION TEMPERATURES.
(2, pp. 21 - 22)
 Ti
RELEASED: JUNE 1969 NONFERRO.US ALLOYS

"'!!,':'

b 130 v
Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8Mo 1 INCH PLATE T L Ti
0

120 -
2000F, 1 HR, 70 SECONDS DELAY ( IN AlR ),
WATER QUENCH+ AGE, 2 HRS, AIR COOLED JIB
1 IN x 6 IN x 6 IN SPECIMEN BLANKS
0
EACH POINT -
AVERAGE 2 TESTS
6
2
AI
Cb
!il
:.:
I
><
!-<
""
110 f - - -
- l
r -
FTY

~ 1'--...o
RT 0.8

Ti-6AH:~Cb
To
Mo

100 1-- ..... -ITa-O.SMo

90
,<>
I <>
40
-SOF

<1.1 30 f--
I
IECHARPYV~
I / v
~
I
!-<
<. -~
"" 20 1--

10 L'\, I I I
UNAGED 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700

AGING TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 3.0334 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATURE YIELD

STRENGTH AND -BOF IMPACT ENERGY OF PLATE.
(2, p. 22)

Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-O. 8Mo

f
1 INCH PLATE
LONGITUDINAL DJRECTION
130r-----~-----r----~------------r----~

Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-o. 8Mo
1 INCH PLATE t_-7_-=:-F_TY-b--RT
2000F, 1 HR, 70 SECONDS DELAY (IN AlR ),
120 WATER QUENCH+ llOOF AGE, AlR COOLED
~ AS 1 IN i 6 IN x 6 IN SPECIMENF::ANKS
RT

t
_,
"" 110 ~~~~~----~r-----~---=~~~~F=====~ + 32F

~, EACH POINT AVERAGE 2 TI;STS

100,>
I I :
0 SOLtrriON TREAT, 1 HR, AlR COOLE,..,..,M-1----l
f!l
~
40'

30
I I
~----1----+-----+----r--~~-~
il e SOLtrrlON TREAT, lint, AlR COOLED+
1200F, 2 HRS, AlR COOLED

~
"'
~~~~=+~==~~~l=E~~::C:HAR===PY-rV----~==~=80=F-1
20 I 0
0 AS ROLLED
AS ROLLED + 1200F, 2 HRS, AlR COOLED

1600 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000

10 L-----~----~----~------~----~----_J
0 8 12 16 20 24 SOLtrrlON TEMPERATURE - F
AGING TIME - HOURS FIG. 3.0336 ROOM TEMPERATURE YIELD STRENGTH AND+ 32F
FIG. 3.0335 EFFECT OF AGING TIME ON ROOM TEMPERATURE STANDARD CHARPY V IMPACT ENERGY OF PLATE
YIELD STRENGTH AND -SOF IMPACT ENERGY OF AlR COOLED FROM VARIOUS SOLUTION TEMPERA-
PLATE. TURES, WITH AND WITHOUT SUBSEQUENT AGING.
(2, p. 22) (3, p. 7)
 NON FERRO U.S ALLOYS RELEASED: JUNE .1969

Ti
Ti-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-O. 8Mo
6 AI 2.5 INCH ROLLED PLATE
AS ROLLED CONDITION
2 Cb LONG DffiECTION
I
0.8
Ta
MO
CJ AIR
8 SEAWATER [J
J
Ti-6AI-2Cb
-1Ta-0.8Mo
FREQUENCY 1/2 TO 1 CPM

/
v


[J
-o;
cv NOTCHED, Kt=3
REVERSE BEND SPECIMEN:
SEE FIGURE 2. 039
6 8 10 12 14

TOTAL STRAIN RANGE, 10-3/J..-IN/IN

FIG. 3.051 LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE CRACK-GROWTH RATE FOR MILDLY-

NOTCHED PLATE SPECIMENS (3, Fig. 7)

REFERENCES

1. Private communication with W.E. Herman, Manager,

Customer Technical Services, Reactive Metals Inc.,
Niles, Ohio (Nc.vamber 25, 1968)
2. R.R. Seeley and S.R. Seagle, "A Heat Treatment
study o Ti-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-o. 8Mo Alloy Plate,"
Reactive Metals Inc., Research and Development
Report No. 499 (September 15, 1967)
3. J. L. Cavollarc, "Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8Mo Titanium
.'\lloy as a structural Material tor Marine Applica-
tions," u.s. Navy Marine Engineering Laboratory,
MEL R&D Phase Report 506/66 (January, 1967)
4. R.J. Goode, et al, ''Metallurgical Characteristics o
High strength Structural Materials, Twelfth Progress
Report," Naval Research Laboratory, NRL Report
6607 (September, 1967)
5. P.P. Puzak, et al, ''Metallurgical Characteristics o
High Strength structural Materials, Elevenlh Quarterly
Report," Naval Research Laboratory, NRL Report
6513 (August, 1966)
6. J. L. Cavollaro, "EmbritUement o Titanium in Sea-
water," Naval Sbip and Research Development Center
(October, 1967)
7. Milltary Speclf1cation, MIL-T-9046F (March 15, 1968)
8. F .A. Crossley, "Research and Development o
Physical Metallurgy of Titanium, "MEL sponsored
Report 114/67, Final Report on Contract No. nr-
4766(00). liT Research Institute (April, 1967),
~ 0.2 PERCENT FTY = 112 KSI
Referenced in Number 6 above.
gf 9. Private communication wilh D. Wilson, Reactive
~ sor---,_~~----+----r--~--__, Metals !no., N!:os, Ohio (December 11, 1968 and
February 4, 1969)
"' 10. ''Basic Design Facte About Titanium," Reactive
Metals Inc., Niles, Ohio
ll. LR. Lane, "Status of Titanium as a Marine Structural
Material," Marine Engineering Laboratory, Naval
Ship Research and Development Center (December,
1967)
PLOTTED FROM
12. "Proposed Recommended Practice tor Plane Strain
SR-4 STRAIN GAUGE MEASUREMENTS Fracture Toughness Testing o Higb-Strenglh Metallic
Materials using a Fatigue-Cracked Bend Specimen"
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1968 Book
of ASTM Standard, Part 31, pp. 1018-1030
13. Private communication with J. L. Cavallaro, u.s. Navy
Marine Engineering Laboratory, Annapolis, MarylPnd
STRAIN, 1o-3 IN/IN (January 13, 1969)
FIG. 4.032 STREBS-STRAJN CURVE FOR WELD ZONE OF GMA 14. Private communication with R.J. Goode, Naval
WELDED PLATE. Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. (January 13,
(3, FIG. 9) 1969}
 n~;.'-~""_.,~u u~;.'-t~mg~n .r ~
' . 10J

AUTHOR J. L. SHANNON, JR.

l. GENERAL 1.042 Compositional variations. General. The conventional

T1-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al is an ageable, metastable beta alloy
developed under U. S. Army Contract DA-30-069-0RD-
3743. It was developed primarily as a high strength,
formable sheet alloy but also possesses hardenablllty in
4 inch sections (possibly 6 inch sections (9)(10)) and po-
tential as a fastener alloy. In common with U.s competi-
tor, T1-13V-11Cr-3Al (B 120 VCA), the alloy's body
centered cubic phase (high temperature allotrope) is re-
tained on cooling from solution temperatures to ambient
temperature at relatively slow rates. The stablllty of
the beta phase, however, is such that the alloy can be
subsequenUy strengthened by reheating above 800F
through the conventional precipitation of alpha phase
(close packed hexagonal structure).
The alloy is superior to B 120 VCA in aging kinetics, re-
quiring less aging time to achieve high strength levels.
In addition, the alloy is claimed to surpass B 120 VCA in
notch fatigue strength, modulus of elasticity, stability at
GOOF, and, in the annealed condition, salt water corro-
sion resistance (8)(9). The major disadvantages of this
and other beta alloys compared to alpha-beta alloys are
high density and relatively poor creep properties at ele-
vated temperatures. This alloy does not appear to
possess smooth fatigue resistance commensurate with its
higher strength when compared to T1-6Al-4V.
The alloy is a relatively new composition which, in some
respects, is still in a state of development. Data pre-
sented in this chapter were obtained using laboratory
heats (0.5, 10, and 30 pound ingots) and small commer-
cial heats (500 and 1800 pound ingots). Current studies
are being carried out on full commercial heats (28 inch
diameter, 6000 to 7000 pound ingots). Since typical prop-
erties for this alloy have not yet been established, actual
test values are reported In this chapter ior a broader-
than-usual range of material and test conditions. In all
cases, the ingot size and processing are identified.
Much of the data for sheet were developed for simulated
hand mill product (hot cross rolled) and simulated mill
strip (rolled unidirectionally and received some cold
worl<). Data are also prl:'sented for forgings and fastener
stock.
1.01 Commercial Desl!mation
8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al Titanium Alloy
1.02 Alternate Designations
T1-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
1.03 Specifications
None.
tensile properiies and hardness of ,this alloy are marked-
ly affected by certain compositional variations. Studies
Ti
have been conducted with 0.050 inch sheet to define the
8 M1
individual effect of iron content variations above and be-
low the nominal value and extending slighUy beyond the 8 v
specified range. The influence of total alloy content
variations has also been determined for the following 2 Fe
limiting cases: normal minimum alloy content, normal
maximum alloy content, composition corresponding to 3 AI
lowest alpha-beta ratio, and composition corresponding
to highest alpha-beta ratio. The following two sections
summarize the results of these investigations.
1.043 Iron Content. Increasing !:ron content produces an in- Ti- 8M
crease in elastic modulus for both the solution treated SV- 2Fe -~
and the solution treated plus aged conditions (see Table
3.0621). The strength and ductility (elongation) rise
with increasing iron content for the solution treated con-
dition; strength drops and ductility is unaffected for the
solution treated plus aged condition (see Table 3.0212).
The aging response established by VIckers hardness
measurements is greater for lower iron contents at ag-
ing temperatures from 800 to 950 F and aging times up to
24 hours (see Figure 1. 061).
1.044 Total alloy content. The influence of total alloy content
varintions on the elastic modulus and on strength and
ductility are presented in Tables 3.0622 and 3.0213,
respectively. For the solution treated condition, the
normal maximum alloy content corresponds to the highest
elastic modulus and the normal minimum alloy content
the lowest. The modulus of compositions corresponding
to both the lowest and highest alpha-beta ratios lie be-
tween these extremes. Solution treated strengths vary
only sl!ghUy with total alloy content variations within the
range investigated. Elongations of solution treated stock
of normal maximum alloy content and highest alpha-beta
ratio composition are equal and exceed those for the nor-
mal minimum alloy content and lowest alpha-beta ratio
composition, the latter two also equal. In contrast the
elongation values for all compositions studied arc neat"ly
equal and low for the solution treated plus aged condition
while the strengths vary somewhat. Thus the strength of
normal maximum alloy content material is least and that
of the highest alpha-beta ratio composition greatest.
The strength of normal minimum alloy content stock and
stock of lowest alpha-beta ratio composition are equal
and intermediate in value. The influence of total alloy
variations on aging response is seen in Figures 1. 062
through 1. 065, where VIckers hardness values are pre-
sented as a function of aging time up to 24 hours at aging
temperatures ranging from 800 to 950 F. For these aging
conditions, the highest achievable hardness and most
rapid aging response characterizes the composition cor-
responding to the highest alpha-beta ratio ;nd Is followed,
in descending order, by compositions of normal minimum
alloy content, normal maximum alloy content, and of
lowest alpha-beta ratio.

1.04 Composition
1.041 Producer's specified composition, Table 1.041. 1.05 Heat Treaimcnt
(see also 4. 04)
1.051 Sheet and plate. Recommended heat treaiment schedules
TABLE 1 041 for sheet and plate have not yet been established. How-
Source (5) ever, some developmental results are available for sim-
Weight Percent ulated hand mill sheet and simulated mUl strip 50 per-
Element
Minimum l\laximum cent aud 100 percent recrystallized (by selective solution
Molybdenum 7.5 8.5 treatments) and variously aged. A description of simu-
Vanadium 7.5 8.5 lated hand mill sheet and mill strip and a discussion of
Iron 1.75 2.25 recrystallization studies arc given in Section 4.04.
Aluminum 2.5 3.5
Oxygen 0.10 0.18 Smooth tensile properties corresponding to a wide range
Nitrogen - 0.08 of aging conditions arc presented In Figures 3. 0215
Carbon - 0.05 through 3.0211-ll. These show that, for simulated hand
Hydrogen - mUl product, 800-900 F aged yield strengths range from

--
Other Elements: Each 0.10 185 to 200 ksi with elongations as low as 1 percent.
Total 0.30 "Stabilized" yield strengths (1100 F nge) are around 140
i Titanium Balance
\ ksl "'ith elongations exceeding 8 percent. In general, the
Bar and bUlet, 0.015 maximum. strength/ductility combinations of 50 percent recrystal-
Sheet. and wire 0 02 lized material arc superior to those for fully recrystal-
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
lized stock. Thus 1475F, 30 min, AC + 900F, 8 hr , AC
Ti is rated the best heat treatment to produce high strength,
and U75F, 30 min, AC + llOOF, 16 hr, AC is judged
8 Mo best to provide "stabilized" material (4).
8 v Resulte for simulated mill strip show that 25 percent and
50 percent cold reductions have little if any eCfect on the
2 Fe strength and ductility of aged material compared with
simulated hand mill product, independent of tho degree
3 AI of recrystallization. Thus 1450F, 10 min, AC + 900F,
8 hr, AC heat treatment representing 25 perce11t cold
rolled, 50 percent recrystallized and aged material (see
Ti- 8Mo- Figure 3.0217) was selected for additional mechanical
property determinations so as to simplify comparisons
8V-2Fe-3AI with hand mill product.
In broadest terms, tho hardness or material aged at 900F
approaches or exc~eds 400 VIckers pointe; aging curves
for material stabll!zation aged at 1100 F show a tendency
to fiattcn out at or above 300 VHN. Aging curves estab-
lished by VIckers hardness measuremente are preseo:ted
in Figures 1. 066 through 1. 0611.
The greater part of mechanical property data presented
in this chapter was developed for material in the three
aforementioned conditions; namely, hand mill product
50 percent recrystallized and aged at 900 F or 1100 F
and 25 percent cold rolled mill strip 50 percent
recrystallized and aged at 900 F.
1.052 Bar, billet, and forgings. Solution treat and age: 1475F,
1 hr m!n!ruum (for sections greater than 2 inches), WQ
(AC for sections less than 2 inches) + lOOOF, 8 hr, AC.
1.053 Fastener stock. Solution treat: 1400F, 15 min, AC
(as-received condition Cor bar or coil). This condition
recommended Cor applications where severe cold heading
is required and long term thermal exposure docs not
exceed 400F, 2000 hours. ""his is a Cllnd!tion of moder-
ate strength.
Solution treat plus age: 1400F, 15 min, AC + 900F, 8 hr
AC. This treatment recommended where high strength
is required. Alloy cannot be cold worked in this cond!-
tioa.
Solution treat plus stabilization age: 1400 F, 15 min, AC
+ 1200F, 8 hr, AC. This treatment recommended where
long term thermal exposures exceed 400 F but not 600 F
and where modest cold heading is required.
l.OG Hardness
l.OG1 Effect of aging time and temperature on hardness of
solution treated sheet of two Iron contents, Figure
l.OGl.
l.OG2 EC!ect of aging time and temperature on hardness of
solution treated sheet or normal minimum alloy content,
Figure 1. 062.
1.0G3 Effect or aging time and temperature on hardness or
solution treated sheet or normal maximum alloy content,
Figure 1. OG3.
1.064 EC!ect of aging time and temperature on hardness of
solution treated sheet or composition corresponding to
lowest alpha-beta ratio, Figure 1. OG4.
l.OG5 EC!ect of aging time and temperature on hardness of
solution treated sheet or composition corresponding to
hightest alpha-beta ratio, Figure 1. OG5.
1.066 Effect or aging time and temperature on hardness of
annealed sheet 50 percent recrystallized, Figure 1. 066.
1.067 Effect of aging time and temperature on hardness of
annealed sheet 100 percent recrystallized, Figure 1. OG7.
LOGS Effect of aging time and temperature on hardness or 25
percent cold rolled sheet 50 percent recrystallized,
Figure 1. 068.
1.069 Effect or aging time and temperature on hardness of 25
percent cold rolled shebt 100 percent recrystallized,
Figure 1. OG9.
1.0610 Effect of aging Ume and temperature on hardness of
50 percent cold rolled sheet 50 porccnt recrystallized,
Figure 1. 0610.
1. OG11 Effect of a.g!ng time and temperature on hardness of 50
RELEASED DECEMBER 1970
percent cold rolled sheet 100 percent recrystallized,
Figure 1. 0611.
1.0612 Statistical relationship between hardness and strength foi
sheet, Figure 1. 0612.
1.0613 Since hardness Is, in general, related to alloy strength
characteristics, the variation in strength properties with
heat treated section size provides a useful measure of
alloy hardenabll!ty. Figure 3. 02113 shows the infiuence
of beat treated section size on the solution treated and
aged smooth tensile properties of forged sections up to
4 inches square. As expected, tho highest strengths
were obtained for the edge location, but were generally
no more than about 10 ksi greater than the center loca-
tion over the range of sizes investigated. Some strength
directionality is observed, but this does not exceed the
center-to-edge variation. On the other hand, a sizeable
directionality is noted for the edge location reduction of
area for the largest bar size investigated. It is implied
that higher breakdown temperatures than those used in
this study (see processing schedule In Table 4. 012)
would promote macrograln size refinement and lower
f!n!sh!ng temperatures than those used (also shown In
Table 4. 012) would produce Improved microstructural
refinement, both of which would Improve property uni-
formity (1). Table 3.02114 suggeste that cross forging
would also tend to improve property uniformity.
Urtpublishcd resul te on 4 inch bar sandwiched between
1 Inch plates to simulate the cooling rate expected in
6 Inch sections suggest that through-hardenlng would be
obtained In 6 inch sections (10).
1.07 Forms and Conditions Avallablc
Sheet, strip, bar, billet, forging stock, and fastener
su,ck. AIJ.oy is not yet in full commercial production.
However, the full range of commercial sizes in any form
can be produced on request.
1.08 McltitJg and Casting Prac.!ice
Alloy is double consumable electrode vacuum melted.
lllloy Is not yet considered castablc.
1.09 Special Considerations
1.091 Stability. The effect or exposure in alr at GOOF for time~
up to 500 hours at stresses up to 90 percent of the GOOF
yield strength on subsequent room temperature smooth
tensile properties of sheet and strip Is presented In
Tables 3. 02118 through 3. 02121. Similar data for 150
hour exposure at temperatures up to 650 F without load
for fastener stock are Illustrated In Figure 3. 02122. Tho
data arc not consistent but do show that small elevations
in strength and large reductions in elongation can obtain
for hand mill sheet and mill strip aged at 900 F and ex-
posed at GOOF with load (see Tables 3. 02120 and
3.02121). Hand mlll sheet stabll!zation aged at 1100F
appears insensitive to the exposure conditions investi-
gated (sec Tables 3.02119 and 3.02120) while mill strip
slmilar!ly aged and exposed can suffer serious losses In
ductility (Table 3.02121).
Stabilization aged fastener stock cxhiblte large increases
in strength and reductions in elongation Cor 650 F expo-
sure without load (see Figure 3.02122).
GOOF exposure with load has only a aUght effect on the
clastic modulus of hand mill sheet and mill strip (see
Tables 3.06220 and 3.1l6221).
No data arc available on the infiuence of exposure on
othe:r mechanical properties but should be determined
for applications where metallurgical stability Is an im-
portant design consideration.
1.092 Fatigue. R. R. Moore rotatinK beam fat!g~l9 teste were
performed on smooth specimens from a smill, aircraft
type closed die forging (Fty = 180 ks!)- resulte arc pre-
sented In Figure 3. 051. Although there is considerable
scatter In the data, the 107 cycles fatigue strength ap-
pears to be 70 ks! or only slighUy higher. This is
approximately the same level as is observed in normally
processed, annealed Tt-6Al-4 V forgings (2). ApparenUy
 RELEASED DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

u the high strength achieved in Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al1o not

accompanied by corresponding high fatigue strength.
1.093 Fastener application. For fastener application the alloy
possesses acceptable cold upsettabll1ty, double shear
strength and stability to GOOF for 150 hours. No data
are available for longer exposure times or the Influence
of exposure for any duration on other critical mechanical
properties.
1.094 Low temperab.tre embri ttlement. Tables 3. 0314 and
3.0315 show serious losses in elongation at -65F for
hand mill product and mlll strip aged at either 900 F or
llOOF.
permit much of a comparison with other alloys. It is
clalmed, however, that the salt water corrosion resist-
ance of T1-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al1s superior tc that of T1-
Ti
13V-11Cr-3Al for the annealed condition (ltl'fu compari-
8 Mo
sons have been made for other heat treated ,conditions or
2.032
other alloy compositions.
Solid salt stress corrosion. Solid salt stress corrosion
8 v
bend tests were performed using 3 inch x 112 inch speci- 2 Fe
mens of 0.050 inch sheet solution treated 1500F, 10 min,
AC. Specimens were bent around a die tc produce a 3 AI
free bend radius of Gt and coated with a saturated NaCl
solution which was subsequently dried in air to produce a
deposit of solid salt on all surfaces. After 2 hour ex-
posure at 800F in still air, the specimens were washed Ti- 8Mc
with water, flattened and examined mctallographlcally
for cracking. No cracks were observed (3)(4).
8V-2Fe-:3
Tension specimens coated with solid salt in the manner
described above were exposed at. GOO, 800, and 1000F
at various stress levels for 200 hours. Results shown in
Figures 2. 033 and 2. 034 indicate that the maximum
stress which can be tolerated at 600 F Is 50 ksl, and at
800F, 25 ksl. No evidence of stress corrosion was
found on specimeM exposed at 10-15 ksl at 1000 F.
These results appear tc be independent of aging treat-
ment.

Tables 2. 035 through 2. 038 show the Influence of hot

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES salt exposure with load on the subsequent room tempera-
ture tensile properties. As expected, the effect of ex-
posure increases with increasing exposure stress and
temperature.
2.033 Hot salt stress corrosion behavior of simulated mill
strip solution treated (50 percent recrystallized) and
aged, F1gure2 .033.
2.01 Thermal Properties 2.034 Hot salt stress corrosion behavior of simulated mill
2.011 Melting range. strip solution treated (50 percent recrystallized) and
2.012 Phase change. Alloy transforms on cooling from beta stabilization aged, Figure 2. 034.
tc alpha+ beta at 1425.:!: 25F, but the reaction is so 2.035 Effect of hot salt exposure with load on subsequent room
sluggish that for all but extremely low cooling rates the temperature tensile properties of simulated mill strip
beta phase is retained tc room temperature (1)(6). solution treated (50 percent recrystallized) and aged,
2.0121 Time-temperature-transformation diagrams. Table 2. 035.
2.013 Thermal conductivity.
2.014 Thermal expansion.
2.015 Specific heat.
2.016 Thermal diffuslvlty.

TABLE 2 035
Source 4)
2.02 Other Physical Properties Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2FC-3Al
2.021 Density. 0.175lb per cu in, 4.852 gr per cu em (1)(3). Form 0, 060 inch t>hCCt_(a
2.022 Electric properties. Cold Rolled 25 Percent (0. 080 Inch to 0. 060 Inch)
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic. Condition
(b) + 1450F, 10 Min, AC(c) + 900F, 8 Hr, AC
2.024 Emissivity. 200 Hr, Hot Salt Exposure Subsequent RT Tensile Proporties(d)
2.025 Damping capacity. Temperature Stress Fty e(1 In)
Ftu
F ksl ksl ksi Percent
None 204 198 5.5
None 201 187 4.0
600 80 Broke on tensile test loading at 87 ksl(c)
600 65 175 173 l.O(c)

2.03 Chemical Properties

600
600
800
50
40
45
195
202 I
(Failed at 31 hours)
185
185
2.0
4.0

800 35 (Failed at 63.5 hours)

2.031 Corrosion resistance. General. 1n common with nther 800 30 Broke on tensile test loadi.,g (c)
titanium alloys, T1-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Alls susceptible to
800 25 215 201 5.0
solid salt stress corrosion at elevated temperatures and
800 25 211 200 1.li
exhibits delayed failure of cracked specimens at room
1000 10 155 151 1.0
temperature In aqueous salt environments. Since only
1000 7.5 182 174 5.0
limited data arc available, a complete characterization
1000 5 169 163 1.0
of thfs alloy In terms of Its corrosion behavior cannot
be made at this time. 1n general, however, It appears (a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mill processed as described
that this alloy Is slightly more susceptible to solid salt in Table 4.011.
stress corrosion than Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al but less suscept- (b) Representative of mill strip.
ible than T1-8Al-1Mo-1 V, T1-5Al-2.5Sn, and Ti-6Al-4V (c) 50 percent recrystallized.
(4). Delayed failure characteristics of thfs alloy In (d) Transverse. Tested In as-exposed condition.
aqueous salt solutions arc not sufficiently developed to (c) Stress corrosion present.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED DECEMBER 1970

r - - - - - - , 2 . 036 Effect of hot .salt exposure with load on subsequent room 2.038 Effect of hot salt exposure with load on room tempera-
Ti temperature tensile properties or simulated mill strip ture elasUc modulus of simulated mill strip solution
solution treated (50 percent recrystallized) and stabiliza- treated (50 percent recrystallized) and stabUizaUon
8 Mo tion aged, Table 2. 036. aged, Table 2.038.
8 v Source
TABLE 2 038
TABLE 2 036 (4)
2 Fe Source (4)
Alloy Ti-BMo-BV-2Fe-3Al
Allay Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet a)
3 AI Form
Ti-BMo-BV-2Fe-3Al
Cold Rolled 25 Percent (0. OBO Inch
0. 060 Inch Sheet_{a)
Condition to 0.060 Inch) (b)+ 1450F, 10 Min,
Condition Cold Rolled 25 Percent (O.OBO Inch to 0.060 Inch)(h)
+ 1450F, 10 Min, AC (c) + llOOF, 24 Hr, AC AC (c)+ 1100F 24 Hr AC
200 Hr, Hot Salt Exposure
Ti- 8Mo- 200 Hr, Hot Salt Exposure Subsequent RT Tensile Properties (d)

8V-2Fe-3AI
Temperature
F
None
Stress
ksi
Ftu
ksi
14B
::
137
e(1 In)
Percent
14.0
Temperature - F Stress- ksi
None
None
E - 103 ksi (d)
15.7
16.2

r::,,. r ,
600 85 15.4(e)
None 149 139 1B.5
GOO 75 (Failed at 138 hours)
600
600
600
B5
75
60
135 131 5.0(e)
600
600
GO
50
I 14.3(e)
14.9
l.O(e)
600 600 40 15.5
50 144 135 B.O
800 50 (Failed at 60.75 hours)
GOO 40 145 13G B.O
BOO 40 (Failed at 79.5 hours)
800 50 (Failed at GO. 75 hours)
800 40 (Failed at 79.5 hours)
800 30 I Not determined(e)
800 800 25 15.5
30 Broke on tensile test loading (c)
800
800
800
25
25
13G
1G2
-
150
(1)
13.0
BOO
25
20
15.2
15.3
1000 15 17.3
800 20 1G2 150 14.0 1000 10 1B.2
1000 15 130 125 (1)
1000 7.5 16.4
1000 10 118 - (1)
(a) Prepared !rom 500 pound ingot mill processed as
1000 7.5 152 138 15.0
(a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mill processed as described described in Table 4.l.'11.
(b) Representative or mill strip.
in Table 4.011.
(b) Representative or mill strip.
(c) 50 percent recrystalli:r.ed.
(d) Transverse. Tested in as-exposed condiUon (see
(c) 50 percent recrystallized.
(<.I) Transverse. Tested in as-exposed condition.
Table 2. 03G for balance of tensile properties).
(e) Stress corrosion present.
(e) Stress corrosion present.
') Broke outside gage length.

2.039 Delayed failure.

2.0310 Effect of salt water exposure with load on failure time of
!at!guH:racked sheet specimens, Table 2.0310.
2.037 Effect or hot salt exposure wiU1 load on room tempera-
ture elastic modulus of simulated mill strip solution
TABLE 2 0310
treated (50 percent recrystallized) and aged, Table Source (4)
2.037. Alloy Ti-BMo-SV-2Fe-3Al
Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet
3. 5 Percent NaCI Solution Exposure
Condition (pH= 7.5)
Net Stress - KBI Time to Failure
TABLE 2 037
Furnace Annealed: 105 1 min
Source (4)
1285F, 4 llr, FC to lOOOF, 100 1 min
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
AC 97.5 1 min
Form O.OGO Inch Sheet a)
95 3 hours*
Cold Rolled 25 Percent (0. OBO Inch
Solution Treated: 110 3 hours*
Condition to 0.060 lnch)(b) + 1450F, 10 Min,
1450F, 10 Min, AC 105 15 hours, 39 min*
AC(c) + 900F, 8 Hr, AC
95 3 hours
200 hr, Hot Salt E~posure
Solution Treated and Aged: 95 0
Temperature - F I Stress- ksi E- 103 ksi (d) 1450F, 10 Min, AC + 900F, 75 0
None 17.2 24 Hr, AC 50 0.5 min
GOO 80 Not determined( e)
GOO 40 3 hours
G5 14.2(e)
Did not fail - test discontinued.
600 50 15.1
GOO 40 15.5 Prepared !rom 500 pound Ingot mill processed ns described in
800 Table 4. 011.
45 (Fulled at 31 houra)
800 35 (Fulled at G3. 5 hours)
800
800
800
1000
1000
1000
30
25
25
10
7.5
5
Not determined(e)
1G.2
15.9
15.1
15.9
15.7
(a) Prepared !rom 500 pound ingot mill processed as
lm TrJ.nsverse Direction

ASTM Center Fatigue Crack Specimen

described in Table 4.011.

(b) Representative of mill strip. 2. 0311 Oxidation. Oxidation results are presented in Table
(c) 50 percent recrystallized: 2. 0312. The weight gains reported exceed those meas-
(d) Transverse. Tested In as-exposed condiUon. ured for beta alloy Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al for the same ex-
(see Table 2. 035 !or balance of tensile propcrUes) posure conditions (4). Tables 2.0313 and 2.0314 show
(e) Stress corrosion present. essentially no effect of superficial a~ ng-Ueatmcnt oxida-
tion on the smooth tensile properUes or sheet.
 RELEASED DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

2.0312 Oxidation charactcrisUcs of sheet, Table 2.0312. Nuclear Properties

TABLE 2 0312 Ti
Source 4) 3. MECHAl"iiCAL PROPERTIES
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al 8 Mo
Form 0.060 Inoh Sheet (a)(b)
Exposed
3.01 5Pec!Cied Mechanical Properties
None.
8 v
Sample
Exposure Unexposed Exposed Exposed Weight
2 Fe
3.02 Mechanical Properties al Room Temperature
Temp- Exposure Sample Sample Sample
erature Time Weight
Gain 3.021 Tension. 3 AI
Weight Gain Weight Gain gm per sq 3. 0211 Stres9-Straln diagrams.
F hours ~ ~ Percent em or surface 3. 0:!12 Effect of variation In Iron content on tensile properties
1500 2 4.5131 0.0345 0.764 0. 0027 of solution treated and solution treated plus aged sheet,
1500 4 5.0055 0.1839 3.674 0.0142 Table 3.0212. Ti- 8Mo
1500 8 4.6346 0.5147 11.11 0. 0399
1800 2 4.4362 0.5116 11.53 0. 0396 TABLE 3 0212 8V-2Fe-3,
1800 4 4.4241 1.0516 23.77 0. 0815 Source (3)
1800 8 4.4398 2.7117 61.08 0. 2101 Form 0. 050 Inch Sheet (a)
1900 2 4. 6497 0.5679 12.20 0.0440 Condition 15001', 15 Jilin, WQ 1500 F, 15 l\lin, WQ +
1900 4 4.4410 1. 3710 29.30 0.10G2 900F, 8 llr, AC
1900 8 4.4628 2. 7059 60.63 0. 2097 Ftu Fly e Ftu Fty c
,\lloy
2200 2 4.1004 o. 9221 22.49 0.0714 ksi ksi Percent ksl ksl Percent
2200 4 4. 7734 1. 9491 TI-~Mo-SV-1 Fe-3AI(b) 123 116 16 (c) 197 181 5 (c)
40.83 0.1518
2200 8 4.5793 2. 6106 57.01 0.2023 TI-SMo-SV-2 Fc-3A1(d) 124 119 17 (c) 198 181 5 (c)
(a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mlll processed as described In Ti-8Mo-8V-3 F~~3AI(b) 126 121 26 (c) 174 162 6 (c)
Table 4.011. (a) Trans\crsc direction tested only.
(b) Samples linch x 1 inch x 0.060 Inch, exposed In air in open (b) Prepared from 1/2 poWld ingot as described in Figure 1.061.
crucibles. (c) 1 Inch gage I cngtl1.
(d) Prepared from 30 pound ingot as described In Table 3. 02-11.
(c) 2 Inch gage lengU1.
2.0313 Effect of superficial aging-treatment oxidation on room
temperature tensile properties or solution treated and
aged sheet, Table 2. 0313. 3. 0213 EITcct of variation In total alloy composition on tcnsUe
properties or solution treated and solution treated plus
TABLE 2 0313 aged sheet, Table 3. 0213.
Source I (4)
Alloy Ti-8lllo-8V-2Fe-3Al
Form l 0. 050 Inch Sheet
Condition c(2 In)
~urce
--
T ' \BI E 3 0213
(4)
Ftu Ft:y Form 0. 050 Inch Sheet
ksi ks1 Percent
Condition
1500F, 10 Min, AC + 900F, 24 Hr, AC; 1500F, 15 MJn, WQ 15001", lG tl.lin, WQ +
sandblast and pickle to remove 0.005 Inch of 9001', 8 llr, AC
W9 189 G.5 Ftu Fly c(2 In) l'tu Fty e(2 In)
gage, machine specimen and test. (No sur- Alloy
races or specimen oxidized.) ksl ksl Percl.'nt ksl ksl Pcrcl.'nt
Tl-8 .5111o-8 .5 V-2.25 Fe
1500 F, 10 Min, AC + Sandblast and pickle to
-3.5AI-0.180
rcmove0.005 Inch of gage, age 24 hr at 900F,
196 180 5.5 (Normal Jllaxlmum 134 132 25 18G 170 G
machine specimen and test. (Only sheet sur-
Alloy Content)
races or lest specimen oxidized. )
Tl-7 .51\lo-7 .5V-l. 75Fc
1500 F, 10 Min, AC, sandblast :m<l pickle to
remov~. o. 005 Inch or gage, machine specimen
-2.5Al-0.100
age 24 hrs at 900F and test. (Sheet surfaces
'201 188 5.H (Normal Minimum 131 121 18 198 18G 7

.
Wid edges or leal specimen oxidized.)
Prepnred from 30 pound Ingot as described In Table 3. 0211 .
Transverse Direction.
Alloy Content)
l'i-8.5Mo-H.5 V-2. 25 l'c
-2. 5AI-0.100
- (Composition corres- 126 122 19 191 182 ~
poncllng to lowest alpha-
2. 0314 ll!_eta ratio)
Effect of supcrricinl aging-treatment ~xidat.!on on room
Tl-7 .5Mo-7. 5 V-1. 75 Fe
temperature tensile clastic modulus of solution treated
-:l.5Al-0.180
Wid aged sheet, Table 2.0314.
(Composition corrcs- 131 12G 21 21H 201 G
TABLE 2 0314 pondlng to highest alpha
Source
Alloy
'orm
I
I
J.4)
Tl-8lllo-8V-21'e-3AI
0 Q:;O Jru:..h Shee1
.Jcta raUo)
Prepared from 10 pounll ingot in same manner a.s descrthccl in
Table 3.02.Jl for :Ill pound ingot.
Condition E- 103 ksl Values avera~e of tlupl!calc tests. Tr:msvr~rse dlrecUon.
1500F, 10 Min, AC + 900F, 24 hr, AC;sandblast and
pickle to remove o. 005 Inch of gage, machine spec!-
EU~'Ct of aging lime and temperature on tensile proper-
men and lest. (No surfaces of test specimen 16.2
oxidized.) tics o( solution treated sheet, Fih'Urc 3.0214.
1500 F, 10 Min, AC, swtdblast and pickle to remove 3.0215 Errcct of al(ing lime al 900 and 1100 I' on tensile Jlropcr-
0.005 Inch of gage, age 24 hr al 900F, machine tles of anncalt'<i, s:-,,uJatcd hand mill sheet 50 percent
specimen and lest. (Only sheet surfaces or test 16.4 rc..>crystallizcd, Ftgt.rc 3. 021 :j,
specimen oxidized.) 3.0210 Ef(L'Cl of ah'ing lime at HOO, 900, and 11001' on tensile
1500F, 10 Min, AC, sandblast and pickle to remove properties of :mnealed, simulated hand mill sheet 100
0.005 Inch of gage, machine specimen, age 24 hr at percent rt-crystalllzcd, Fih'Urc 3.0216.
900 F an<! test. (Sheet surfaces and ~>dgcs or test 16.1 3.0217 E((cct of ah'ing lime at 800, 900, and 1100 F on tensile
specimen oxidized.) properties of 25 percent cold rolled, slmulalt>d mill
Prepared from 30 pound Ingot as described In Table 3.0241.
3. 0218
strip 50 percent r<..'Crystallizcd, F'i)..rurc :J.0217.
Ef(c'Cl of aging time at no~. 1000, and 1100 F on tensile
TransvC"rsc Direction. (sec Table 2.0313 for balance of
properties of 25 percent cold rolled, simulated mill
tensUe priJp~rtics)
strip 100 percent rcc rystalllzcd, F'l J\UrC 3. 0218.
 II

NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED DECEMBER 1970

3.0219 Effect of aging time at 800, 900, 1100, and 1200 F on 3. 02115 Ten.soiie properties of solution treated and aged closed
Ti tensile properties of 50 percent cold rolled, simulated die forging, Table 3. 02115.
mill strip 50 percent reeryslalltzed, Figure 3. 0219.
8 Mo 3.02110 Effect or aging time at 800, 900, 1100, and 1200F on
tensile properties of 50 percent cold rolled, simulated
8 v mill strip 100 percent recrystallized, Figure 3. 02110. Source
TABLE 3.02115
2
3. 02111 Tensile properties of Rolution treated plate, Table
2 Fe 3.02111. Form
3 AI TABLE 3 02111 Condition
Source (4)
Alloy TI-8Mo-8V-2Fc- 3Al
Form Plate (a) Direction Section Size location Ftu RA
Ti- 8Mo- Condition 1500F, 10 Min, AC inches ksi Percent
Plate Room Temperature Tensile Properties (b)(c) longitudinal 0.5 Center 187.8 181.7 7. 7
8V-2Fe-3AI Thickness Ftu Fty RA e(1 In) Transverse 0.5 Center 188.1 181.0 6.2
Inches ksi ksi Percent Percent Transverse 2.5 Outside 183.4 177.8 7.2
1/2 116-119 114-118 48-53 24-29 Transverse 2.5 Center 184,0 177.5 4.5 11.3
2 111-115 108-114 31-42 18-23 (a) .Forged In three steps (rough shaping on fiat dies followed by
(a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mill processed as described in blocker and finishing cycles), each at 1700F working temperature
Table 4.011. - stnrting section 4 In x 4 In x 12 in, processed from 1800 pound
(b) Range of values from three teste for 1/2 inch plate and from ingot as described In Table 4.012.
five tests for 2 inch plate. (b) Heat treated In full section eize.
(c) Center properties, longitudinal direction.
(c) Each value average of two tea~

>
3.02112 Tensile properties or solution treated and aged plate, 0.5 u.-;

-a''''
Table 3. 02112.
TABLE 3 02112
Source 4)
Alloy TI-8Mo-8V-2Fc- :iAl
Form Plate (a)
Condition 1500F, 10 Min, AC + 900F, 16 Hr, AC
Plate Room Temperature Tensile Properties b) C)
Thickness Ftu Fty RA e(1lt.)
Inches ksi ksl Percent Percent
1/2 209-210 195-197 4.0-9.5 4-8
2 202-212 196-204 2.5-5.5 1-2
(a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mill processed as described In
Table 4.011. \
Closed- Die Forging
(b) Range of values from three teste for 1/2 inch plate and from five
tests for 2 inch plate.
(c) Center properties, longitudinal direction.

3.02113 Effect of heat treated section size on tensile properties

of unldircctionnlly forged bars, Figure 3. 02113.
3.02114 Effect of cross forging on tensile properties of 3 inch
and 4 inch solution treated and aged forged square bars,
Table 3.02114.
TABLE 3 02114
Source (1)
Alloy Tl-8Mo-8V-2Fc-3 Al
Form Forged Bar
Condition 1475F, 1 Hr, WQ + lOOOF, 8 llr, AC *
Ftu- ksl I Ftv- ksi I e(4D) - Percent I RA- Percent
~our !ncn ::.quare ~orgea Bar)
(a) (b) (c) (a) (b) (c) (a) (b) (c) (a) (b) (c)
Long Edge 170.7 179.5 179.4 159.3 170.7 174.3 10.0 5.5 5.0 24.1 9.4 13.1
Mid-radlu 173.7 177.6 173.6 166.9 170.5 169.9 8.0 5.0 5.0 14.6 11.2 14.6
Center 171.5 173.7 172.1 168.3 170.8 170.2 9.0 7.0 5.0 16.6 14.2 18.6
Trans Ed go 177.3 181.7 187.3 168.5 172.0 177.2 5.0 G.O 3.0 5.0 13.4 4.0
Mid-radius
Center
179.9
179.1
179.8 181.2
174.9 177.2
170.6 175.4 177.8 6.5 - S.D 11.7 10.2 12.3
:. 169.6 170.5 176.2 7.0 7.0 6.0 10.9 14.7 20.4
Three inch Square Forged Bar)*
(d) (e) (d) (c) (d) Ie) (d) (e)
long Edge 173.8 179.9 164.5 168.1 10.0 G. 0 16.1 10.9
Mid-radius 168.5 174.6 166.3 1'11.4 9.5 s.u 15.3 13.1
'.... Center 174.3 181.2 164.8 169,7 9.5 7.5 16.8 9.8
Trans Edge 180.3 184.6 169.5 174.8 5.0 s.c 10.2 10.9
Mid-radius 170.8 176.1 167.9 170.2 7.0 5.0 15.4 13.5
Center 178.6 182.4 169.5 175.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 13.8
(a) 4 Inch square bar unldircctionally forged 16501!" (Beta+ 225F).
(b) 4 inch square x 7 Inch long upsctl600 F to 4 inch thick, cross forged to 4 inch squarn x length.
(c) 4 inch square x 7 inch long upset 1700 F to 4 inch thick, cress forged to 4 l'lch square " length.
(d) 3 inch square bar unldircctionally forged 1650F (Beta+ 225 F).
(e) 3 inch square x 5 Inch long upset 1400 F to 3 Inch thick, cross forged to 3 Inch square x length.
Heat treated in full section size.
~artlng bars processed from 1800 pound ingot as described in Table 4. 012.
 RELEASED DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

u 3.02116 Effect of aging temperature on room temperature ten-

sUe properties of cold rolled pl11s solution treated and
aged fastener stock, Figure 3.0:!:116.
3.02119 EUect of exposure to elevated temperature with load on
rocm temperature tensile properties of solution treated
and stabilization aged sheet, Table 3. 02119.
Ti
3. 02117 Tenslle properties of solution treated and solution 8 Mo
treated plus .stabllization aged fastener stock, Table
3.02117. 8 v
2 Fe
TABLE 3. 02119
Source 3 3 AI
Alloy TI-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
Form 0,050 Inch Sheet (a)
Condition 1500F, 10 Min, AC +HOOF, 8 Hr, AC
Ti- 8Mo-
TABLE 3 02117 Exposure Conditions Subsequent Room Tempera-
Source (S)(ll) Perm a- ture Tensile Properties (b) 8V 2Fe-3AI
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al Temper- nent De-
Form o. 256 Inch Diameter Wire Fastener Stock nture Stress Time furmatlon Ftu F e(11nj
Condition Cold Rolled 9 Percent + Heat Treat F ksl hours percent ksl k~l percent
RT Tensile Properties None(c) 149 139 14
Heat Treatment Ftu Fty e RA 600 93.5 150 0.098 152 143 18
ksl ksl Percent Percent 600 93.5 150 0.141 150 140 18
1450F, 15 Min, AC 124 117 34.0 58.0 600 93.5 150 0.116 151 142 16
1450F, 15 Min, AC + 1200F, 8 Hr, AC 142 125 21.0 36.2 600 93.5 500 0.160 157 142 16
600 93.5 500 0.193 156 147 17
600 93.5 500 0.244 156 143 14
(a) Prepared from 30 pound Ingot as described In Tallte 3,0241.
(b) Transverse direction. Tested In ns-cxposed condition.
(c) Unexposed values average five tests. Elongation for 2 Inch
gage lengtJt.

( 3.02120 Effect or 500 hour, GOOF exposure at 90 percent or GOOF

- '

3. 02118 EUect of exposure to elevated temperature with load on

yield strcngtJt on room temperature tensile properties
of annealed, slmulnted hand mill sheet solution treated
(50 percent rccrystolllzed) and aged, Table 3.02120.
rocm temperature tensile properties of solution treated
'!'ld aged sheet, Table 3. 02118.

TABLE 3 02120
Source (4)
Alloy TI-8Mo-8V-2Fc-3Al
Form o. OGO InCh Sheet (a)
eonaitlon Annealed 1285F, 4 llr, FC to lOOOF, AC (b)+ST+Agc
TABLE 3 02118 500 Hr, 600 F Exposure Subsequent Room Temperature Tensile
Source (3) Permanent Propertles(c)
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8 V-2Fe-3Al Stress Deforma-
Ft~rill 0. 050 Inch Sheet (a) ksl tlon Direction Ftu- ksl Fty- ksl e(1 ln)
Conditio Solution Treated and Aged Percent Percent
ExPOsure Conditions SUbsequent Room Tempera- 1475F, 1/2 Hr, AC (d)+ 900F, 8 llr, AC
Perm a- ture Tensile Properties (b) None Long! tudlnal 200 187 5.5

i Temp- Stress Time nent De- None J.ong!.tudlnal 201 189 6.0

l
erature ksl hours formation Ftu Fty e(l In) None Transverse 195 (c) (f)
II F percent ksl
1500F, 15 Min, WQ + 900F, 8 Hr, AC
ksl percent
138
None
o. 781
Transverse
Longitudinal
204
179
200
(c)
2.5
0
I None 197 180 5(c) 138 0.710 Transverse 219 213 2.0
I 600 128 150 0.320 203 196 G 138 0.676 Transverae 197 Ic) 0

! 600
600
128
128
150
150
0.264
0.276
204
201
197
194
6
5 None
None
1475F, 1/2 llr, AC (d)+ HOOF, 16 Hr, AC
Long! tudinnl
Longltudinnl
155
156
140
142
16.0
13.0

l 600 128 500 0.429 206 200 4

600 128 500 0.367 205 200 4 None Transverse 160 149 12.0

:. I
600 128 500 0.382 204 198
1500F, 15 Min, WQ + 900F, 24 llr, AC
None 204 191
4

5(c)
98
98
I
None
0.163
0.410
Transverse
Longltudlnnl
Transverse
158
156
149
147
149
142
12.0
11.0
13.0

.I\
600
600
600
138
138
138
150
150
150
0.292
0.288
0.248
208
208
206
202
201
200
6
6
6
98 0.203

Table 4.011.
Transverse 153 149 12.0
(n) Prepared from 500 pound Ingot mill processed as described In

600 138 500 0.364 204 201 4 (b) This condiUon representative or hlllld mill oheet. Sheet dcscaled,
600 138 500 0.407 206 203 5 ground and plckk'tl after annealing.
GOO 138 500 0.396 204 197 6 (c) Tested In as-exposed condition.
(a) Prepared from 30 pound Ingot as described In Table 3. 0241. (d) 50 percent rccrystolllzcd.
(b) Transverse direction. Tested In ns-cxpo5ed condition. (c) Specimen broke before achieving 0.2 percent strnln.
(c) 2 Inch gage length. (f) Sp<>clmen broke outside gage length.
Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED DECEMBER 1970

3.02121 Effect or 500 hour, 600F exposure at 90 percent of 600F 3.026 Bearing. J

Ti yield strength on room temperature tensile properties or 3.027 Stress concentration. \.....
25 percent cold rolled, simulated mill strip solution 3.0271 Notch properties.
8 Mo treated (50 percent recrystallized) and aged, Table 3.02711 MUd noto'h tensile properties of solution treated and aged
3.02121. closed die forging, Table 3.02711.
8 v
2 Fe
TABLE 3 02711
TABLE 3.02121
3 AI Source (4) Source (2)
Alloy Alloy Ti-8Mo-8 V-2 Fe-3Al
Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
Form 0. oco Incb Sheet a)
Form c osecf Die Forging (a)
Condition Condition 1475F, l l!r, WQ + 1000F, 8 llr, AC (b)
Ti- 8Mo- Cold Rolled 25 Percent (0. 080 Inch to
Section Size F~ (C) NTS{d)
0.060 Inch)(b) + ST +Age
500 Hr, 600 F Expo- Direction Inches Location ks ksl
8V-2Fe-3AI Subsequent Room Temperature
Longitudinal 0.5 Center 181.7 227.7
sure Tensile Properties (c)
Transverse 0.5 Center 181.0 208.6
PermanP.nt
Long! tuclinal 2.5 Outside 177.8 131. 8(e)
stress Deforr,,a- e(1 in)
Direction Ftu- ks! Fty- ksi Lonld.tudinal 2.5 Outside 177.8 226.9
ksi lion percent (a) See Table 3.02115 for forging configuration and production details.
percent (b) Heat treated in full section size.
1450F, 10 Min, AC d) + 900F, 8 Hr, AC (c) Each value average two tests. See Table 3. 02115 for balance of
None Longitudinal 198 - 7.0 amooth tensile properties.
None Long! tudinal 194 183 8.5 (d) Individual results.
None Transverse 204 198 5.5

I
(e) Considered by the investigator to be invulid in view or the other
None Transverse 201 187 4.0 values obtained. However, visual and mctallograpbic exam ina-
125 Longitudinal 201 (c) 0 lion of broken specimen furalshed no reason for this low value.
1.654
125 1.192 Transverse 219 203 (I)
125 1.189 Transverse 178 (c) 0 >,6ocx

None
None
1450F, 10 Min, AC (d)+ llOOF, 24 Hr, AC
Longitudinal 142 135 16.0 ~ 0.~~0-+
=
6 r 0.005
Kt = 3.8
Lontttudinal 141 135 15.0
None Transverse 148 137 14.0
None Transverse 149 139 18.5
93 -, 0.316 Longitudinal 14S 138 17.0
93 0.360 Transverae 146 145 16.0
93 0.105 Transverse 164 159 4.0
(a) Prepared from 500 pound Ingot mill processed as described in 3.0272 Fracture toughness. (see Appendix C)
Table 4. 011. 3.02721 Room temperature plane strain fracture toughness values
(b) Representative of mill strip. of 50.4 and 54.7 kst"'liii were obtained using3 point
(c) Tested in as-exposed condition. bend specimens from 3 inch square forged bars boat
(d) 50 percent recrystallized. treated in full section to Fty = 165 ksi (1475F, 1 br, WQ
(e) Specimen broke before achieving 0. 2 percent strain. + 1000F, 8 br, AC)(1). Specimen orientation was RT
(I) Specimen broke outside gage length. (or RW, equivalent for symmetrical forgings) with the
crack tips located at "mid-radius". Using tho same
specimen type, values ranging from 38.3 to 41.6 ksi~
were obtained for 0.5 inch and 2.5 Inch sections from a
small, aircraft type forging boat treated in full section
to Fty =177. 5 to 181. 0 ksi (can1c heat treatment as
above). Specimen orientation was transverse to tho long
axis of tho part. (sea drawing in Table 3.0211). These
3.02122 Effect of 150 hour exposure to elevated temperatures on latter results are presented in Table 3.02722. For
room temperature tensile properties of cold rolled plus both studies the specimen, ir..strumcntation and method
solution treated and aged fastener stock, Figure 3. 02122. of data analysis conlormod in all respects to ASTM
3.022 Compression. Tentative Method of TestE 399-70 T (5)(6)(7).
:>.0221 stress-strain diagrams. 3.02722 Room temperature plane strain fracture toUghnCSH Of
3.02~ lmpact. solution treated and aged closed die forging, Table
3.024 Bending. 3.02722.
3.025 Torsion and shear.
3.0251 Shear strength of solution treated and solution treated
plus stabilization aged fastener stock, Table 3. 0251. TABLE 3 02722
Source (2)
Alloy TI-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
Form Closed Die Forging a
Condition 1475F, 1 Hr, WQ + lOOOF, 8 llr, ACill
Section Size Fty (c) Kic (d)(o)
Direction Inches Location ksi ksi-.J'in
TABLE 3 0251 Transverse 0.5 Center 181.0 38.3
Source (8)(11) Transverse 0.5 Center 181.0 41.6
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al Transverse 2.5 Center 177.5 41.1
Form 0. 256 Inch Diameter Wire Fastener stock (a) Soc Table 3,02115 for forging configuration and production
Condition Cold Rolled 9 Percent + Heat Treat details.
Heat Treatment 1 Fty-ksi (a) 1 Fsu-ksl (b) (b) Heat treated in Cull section size.
1450F, 15 Min, AC
1450F, 15 Min, AC + 1200F, 8 l!r, AC
:I 117
125 I
90.8
99.4
(c) Each value average two tests (see Table 3. 02115 for balance of
smooth tensile properties).
(a) Sec Table 3.02117 for balance of tensile properties. (d) Individual results.
(b) 0. 200 Inch diameter double shear specimen. Shear planes (e) Specimens (throo. point bend), instrumentation and method of
separated two diameters mlalmum. Shear testing cl cvis
bushed to produce ncar zero clearance between specimen
data analysts conformed in all respects to the ASTM Tenta!ivo
MeiJiod of Test for Plano Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic (_.
and holes and between adJacent surfaces_or shear clevis. Materials (5)(6).
 RELEASED DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

u 3.028

3.03
Combined properties.

Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures

3.0315 Tensile properties at -65F, room temperature and GOOF
for 25 percent cold rolled, simulated mill strip solution
treated (50 percent recrystallized) and aged, Table
T
3.031 Tension. 3.0315. 8 M
stress-strain diagrams.
3.0311
3.0312 Tensile properties of solution treated and aged sheet at 8 v
room temperature and GOOF, Table 3.0312.
TABLE 3.0315 2 F1
Source 4)
TABLE 3 0312 Alloy Ti-8:Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al 3 A
Source (3) Form 0. OGO lnch Sheet (a) (b)
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al Con<11tion Cola Rouea 25 Percent (0. 080 Inch to
Form o. 050 inch Sheet (a) O.OGO lnch)(c) + ST +Age
1500F, 15 !'din, WQ + 1500F, 15 Min, WQ + 1450F, 10 Min, AC{d) 1450F, 10 Min, AC(d)
Ti- 8~
Condition 900F, 8 Hr, AC 900F, 24 Hr, AC Test Temperature + 900F 8 Hr, AC + UOOF 24 Hr AC 8V-2Fe-
Test Temperature-
RT
F
Ftu
ksi
198
Ftr
ks
181
e
percent ksl
4.5(b)
Ftu

204
Fty
ksl
191
e
percent
5.2(b)
F

-65
Ftu
ksi
214 {c)
:!I e{2ln) Ftu Fty
Percent ksl ksl
(C) 172 164
e{2 In)
Percent
8.0
600 1GB 142 4.2(c) 170 154 3.8(c) -G5 198 184 1.11 169 163 13.0
(W Prepared from 30 pound Ingot as described In Table 3. 0241. RT 204 198 5.5 148 137 14.0
Transverse direction tested only. Each value average two RT 201 187 4.0 .149 139 18.5
teste minimum. 600 162 137 6.0 122 103 9.0
(b) 2 Inch gage length. 600 1G4 140 3.5 1!.:4 103 14.5
(c) 1 Inch gage length. {a) Prepared from 500 powtd ingot mill processed as described in
Table 4. 011.
(b) Transverse direction.
(c) Representative of mill strip.
(d) 50 percent recrystallized.

3.0313 Tensile properties of solution treated and stabilization

(c) Specimen broke before achieving 0. 2 percent strain.
(f) Specimen broke outside gage length.
.
aged sheet at room temperature and GOOF, Table 3.0313.

TABLE 3 0313
Source (3)
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
3. 0316 Room temperature and 600 F tensile properties of solu-
Form o. 050 Inch Sheet (a)
tion trcatoo and aged plate, Table 3.031G.
Condition 1500F, 10 Min, AC + 1100F, 8 Hr, AC
Tensile Properties (b)
Test Temperature- F Ftu- ksi 1 Fty- ksl 1c(2 ln) - Percent
14 .
TABLE 3 031G
RT
600
(a) Prepared from 30 pound
149
122
Ingot as
I 139
104
described in
I
Table
9
3. 0241.
Source
Alloy
(4)
TI-8:Mo-8 V-2Fe-3Al
(b) Each value average of five teste. Transverse direction. Form Pate a)
Condition 1500F, 10 Min, AC + 900F, 16 Hr, AC
Plate Test Tensile Properties (b)(c)
"11rlckncss Temperature Ftu F RA c(1ln)
lnchcs F ksl JJ; Percent Percent
1/2 RT 209-210 195-197 4.0-9.5 4-8
3.0314 Tensile properties at -65 F, room temperature, and 600 F 1/2 GOO 161-181 143-159 16-54 4-7
for annealed, simulated hand mill sheet sol:~tion treated 2 RT 202-212 19G-204 2.5-5.5 1-2
(50 percent recrystallized) and aged. Table 3.0314. 2 GOO 17G-183 161-1G7 4.0-9.0 1-4
(a) Prepared from 500 pound Ingot mill proc7'o~ed as described
in Table 4. 011.
TABLE 3 0314 (b) Range of values from three tests for 1/2 inch ;1latc and from
ISOurce (4) five tests for 2 inch plate.
Alloy TI-8Mo-8 V-2Fc-3Al (c) Center properties, longitudinal direction.
Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet (a) (b)
Condition Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to lUOOF, AC (c)
+ST+Agc
1475F, 1/2 Hr, AC(d) 1475F, 112 Hr, AC(d)
~est Temperature + 900F 8 Hr, AC + 1100 F, 16 llr, AC
F

-65
Ftu
ksl
204
:!I
(c)
c{2 ln)
Percent ksl
(C)
Ftu

1G8
Fty

148
c(2 ln)
ksl Percent
5.0
3.0317 Tensile properties at room temperature and 600 F for
solution treated and aged 1 Inch square forged bar,
-65
RT
196
195 (c)
{c) (C)
(C)
1G8
1GO
-
149
4.5
12.0
Table 3.0317.

RT 204 200 2.5 158 147 12.0

3.0 131 liO 10.0
600
600
180
176
159
153 2.5 12G 108 10.0 ..
TABLE 3 0317
GOO 174 147 4.5 - -
a) Prepared from 500 pound Ingot mUI processed as described In
- Source
Alloy
_{1)
Ti-8Mo-8V-2 Fe-3Al
Table 4.011. Form 1 lnch :;quare For~ted Bar
Condition 1475F, 1llr, WQ + lOOOF, 8 llr, AC
kt>> Transverse direction.
c) This condition rc('rcsentative of hand mUI sheet. b'bccl dcscal ed, Test
ground and pickled 11rter annealing. Temperature - F Ftu- ksi e{4D)-pcrccnt RA- percent
FJ.Y- ksl
d) 50 porcent recrystallized. HT lH2.6 l6!i.U 8.2 13.6
e) Specimen broke before achieving 0.2 percent strain. GOO 156.9 133.0 15.0 41.2
(C) Specimen broke outside gage l~ngth. Processed from 1800 pound Ingot as dcscribea in Table 4. 012.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED DECEMBER 1970

3.032 Compression. 3.03713 Mild notch tcn!Jlie properties at -65F, roun ~,,UII;>lrlll:ure
Ti 3.0321 Stress-strain diagrams. and 600 F Cor annealed, simulated hand mill sheet sulu-'
3.033 Impact. tlon treated (50 percent recrystallized) and aged, Table
8 Mo 3.034 Bending. 3.33713.
3.035 Torsion and shear.
8 v 3.036 Bearing.
3.037 Stress concentration. TABLE 3 03713
2 Fe 3.0371 Notch properties. Source (4)
3.03711 Mild notch tensile properties at room temperature and Alloy TI-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
3 AI 600 F Cor solution treated and aged sheet, Table 3. 03711. Form o. 060 lncn l:ibeet a
Condition AnnealC<11285F, 4 Hr, FC to lOOOF, AC(b)+ST+Age
Test 1475F, 1/2 Hr, AC{c) H\75F, 1/2 Hr, AC{c)
Ti- 8Mo- Temperature D!rcntlon + 900F, 8 Hr, AC + llOOF, 16 Hr, AC
F ~-ksl NTS- ksl Fl;i'- :::s NTS- ksl
8V-2Fe-3AI -G5 Transverse
~~:
137 148 175
TABLE 3 03711 -65 Transverse 144 148 165
Sou1~e (3) RT Longitudinal 188 140 141 162
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al RT Longltudinnl 188 135 141 168
Form o. 050 Inch Eheet (a) RT Transverse 200 lSi 148 169
1500F, 10 to 15 Min <!>> 1500F, 10 to 15 Min (b), RT Transverse 200 151 148 170
Condition WQ +900F, 8 hr, AC WQ + 900F, 24 hr, AC GOO Transverse 153 172 109 135
Test 600 Transverse 153 172 109 134
Temperature- F Fty- ksi NTS- ksi NTS- ksi (a) Prepared !rom 500 pound ingot mill processed as described In
Fty- ksi
Table 4. 011.
RT 181 !72 '191 164 (b) This condition representative or hand mill shoot. Sheet doscaled,
600 142 184 154 188 ground and pickled after annealing.
(a) Prepared !rom 30 pound ingot as doscrlhcd in Table 3. 0241. {c) 50 percent recryslalllzed.
Transverse direction tested only. Mild notch strength vnlues {d) SPecimen broke before achievl~ 0. 2 percent strain.
average five teats. Yield strength values average two tests
5oo;.: ~

tr
mlnlmum. .060
~v
(b) Sheet !rom which smooth specimens extracted solution treated
15 minutes. Shoot !rom which mild notch specimens extracted 0.250 o.roo Kt- s
solution treated 10 minute~~ -----~
),.G0
_ L 0.050 L r=0.0025

)o.soo; o.oos :fo.250..!: o.oo5 jj' Kt = 8

L r =0.0025 + o.ooos

3.0:!714 Mild notch tensile properties at -65F, room tempera-

ture and GOOF Cor 25 percent cold rolled, simulated mill
strip solution treated (50 percent recrystalllzod) and
agod, Table 3. 03714.

3.03712 Mi\d notch tcmsllo .l')ropertlos at room temperature and

600 F for solution treated and slablllzatlon aged sheet,
Table 3.03712.
TABLE 3 03714
Source (4)
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fc-3Al
Form o. 06u lncn :;noot a
Condition Cold Rolled 25 Percent (0.080 Inch to 0.060 lnch)(b)
+ ST +_Age
Test 450F, 10 Min, AC{c) !1450F, 10 Min, AC (c)
TABLE 3 03712 Temperature ~rcction +900F, 8 Hr, AC + llOOF, 24 Hr, AC
Source (3) F Fty- ksl NTS- ksl Fty- ksl NTS- ksl
!Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Ai
Form o. 050 Inch Shoot a) -65 rrz-ansverso 184 145 164 182
Condition 1500F, 10 Min, AC +HOOF, 8 Hr, AC -65 !Transverse 184 153 164 166
Test Temperature RT Longitudinal 183 1G2 135 164
F Fty- ksl (b)(d) NTS- ksl (c)(d) HT Longitudinal 183 140 135 165
RT trransverse 192 164 138 170
RT 139 174
RT t'rrans\"erso 192 153 138 170
GOO 104 136 GOO rrransverso 138 175 103 134
(a) Prepared from 30 pound Ingot as described In Table 103
GOO t!'_ransvorso 138 16!J 133
3.0241. (a) Prepared !rom 500 pound ingot mill procossod as described In
(b) Balance of smooth tensile properties reported In
Table 4. 011.
Table 3. 0313. (b) Representative o! mill strip.
(c) Each value average or five tests. (c) 50 percent rocrystalllzcd.
(d) Transverse direction aoo
1\.l"l .1\&ooA
~
_ L 0.060
(/
~
J.-V

Kt=B 0.250 ojoo ~ 8

''
t!r-~
~
I
L r 0.0025
 RELEASED DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.03715 Mild notch tensile properties at room temperature and 3.042 500 hour, GOOF creep behavior of 25 percent cold rolled,.--- --
60!)F for solution treated and aged plate, Table 3.03715. simulated mill strip solution treated (50 percent recry-
stnllized) and aged, Table 3. 042. 1
8 rv
8 \1
2 F
TABLE 3 042 3 A
TABLE 3 03715
Source Source (4)
(4)
Alloy !AllOY '1'1-8Mo-8V-2Fe- 3Al
Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe- 3Al
Form Plate*
Form o. 060 Inch Sheet (a Ti- 8~
Condition Condition Cold Rolled 25 Percent (0.080 Inch to 0.060 Inch)
1500F, 10 Min, AC +Age
Test Tern erature - F RT 600
(b)+ ST +Age 8V-2Fe-
Plate
'!i>lckness Kt
.Inches
2
Age .Treatment

2.8 900F, 16 Hr, AC

Fty-ksi NT5-ksi Fty-ksi NT5-ksi

200 216 162 230

Stress (c)
ksi
Initial
Deformation
Percent
~ Creep
Deformation
Percent
I
500 hr Deformation at GOOF
Totnl
Deformation
Percent
1/2 2.8 900F, 16 Hr, AC 196 263 153 241 1450F, 10 Min, AC (d) + 900F, 8 Hr, AC
1/2 8.0 900F, 8 Hr, AC - - :1.2!; 1.234

1
226 230 1.301 2.535
1/2 8.0 900F, 16 Hr, AC 196 229 153
* Prepared from 500 powtd ingot mill processed as described in
Table 4. 011.
All values average three tests mlnimwn. Center properties,
235 125
125

93
1.041
1.496
].012
0.942 I
1450F, 10 Mtn, AC (d)+ llOOF, 24 Hr, AC
2.053
2.438

0.646 0.128 0.774

longitudinal direction.

r I Kt
t-~A (a)
93
93
0.743
0.878 I 0.342
0.238 I 1.085
1.116
Prepared from 500 powtd ingot mill processo>.l as described
0.01~ ,2.8
0.001 8.2 ? 0.~ t 0.250
3 (b)
in Table 4.011.
Rop:resentstlve of mill strip.
r (c) 90 percent of GOOF yield strength.
(d) 50 percent recrystallized.

3.043 Room temperature mUd notch stress rupllll'C p~perticii

of solution treated and aged closed die forging, Table ~-
3.0372 Fracture toughness. (see Appendix C) 3.043. .
3.038 Combined properties.

creep and creep Rupture Properties

500 hour, GOOF creep behavior or annealed, slmclated Source
TABLE~ ...043
12)
hand mill sheet solution treated (50 percent recrystal- Alloy T!-8Mo-8V-2Fe- 3Al
lized) and aged, Table 3.041. Form Closed Die Forging (a)
Condition 1475F, 1 Hr, WQ + 1000F, 8 Hr, AC (b)
RT Mild Notch Stress Rup-
Lure Properties (ci
Section Stress at Time to
Direction Size Location Failure Failure
Inches ksi min
TABLE 3 041 Long! tud!nal 2.5 Outside 220 0
Source (4) , . Long! tud!nal 2.5 Outside 200 10
Alloy T!-8Mo-8V-2Fe-: iAI (a) Sea Table 3. 02115 for forging configuration and production de-
Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet a tails and corresponding smooth tensile properiies.
Condition Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to lOOOF, AC (b)+ (b) Heat treated in full section size.
ST + Nte (c) Stress increased from 150 ksl in 10 ksi increments every 5 hours.

Stress (c) Initial I

500 Hr Deformation at 600 F
XOA
ksi Deformation
Percent
Creep
Deformation
Total
Deformation 9 0.178 'llf To.zsol Kt = 3.8
Percent
1475F, 30 Min, AC (d)+ 900F, 8 Hr, AC
Percent 1 L r= 0.005
138 1.033 0.662 1.695
138
138
0.964
1.068
0.531
0.645
l475F, 30 Min, AC d)+ llOOF, 16 Hr, AC
I 1.495
1.713

98 0.670 0.135 0.805

(a)
98
98
0.954
0.797.
0.221
0.122 I 1.175
0.919
Prepared from 500 powtd ingot mill processed as described
in Table 4. Oll.
3.05
3.051
Fatigue Properties
Room temperature rotating beam fatigue strength or
solution treated and aged closed die forging, Figure
(b) Thill condition representative or hand mill sheet. Sheet 3.051.
descaled, gr01md and pickled after annonling. 3.052 Room temporaturc mUd notch fatigue strength of 25
(c) 90 percent of 600 F yield strength. porcent cold rolled, simulated mill strlp solution
(d) 50 percent recrystnllizcd. treated (50 percent rccrystalllzed) and aged, Figure
3.052.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED DECEMBER 1970

3.06 Elastic Properties 3.0627 Effect of heat treated section slze on room te!npe,.~
Ti 3.061 Poisson's ratio. tensile elastic modulus of forged bars, Flgun :S. 0627.
3.062 Modulus of elasticity.
8 Mo 3.0621 Effect of variation in iron content on room temperature
tensile elastic modulus of solution treated and solution
8 v treated plus aged sheet, Table 3. 0621.
TABLE 3.0621 3.0628 Tensile elastic modulus at -65F, room temperature and
2 Fe Source 3) 600 F !or annealed, simulated hand mill sheet solution
Form 0.050 Inch Sheet_lll)_ treated (50 percent recrystallized) and aged, Table
3 AI 1500F, 15 Min, WQ 1500F, 15 Min, WQ 3.0628.
Condition +900F 8 Hr AC
Alloy E- 10a ksi E- 103 kei
Ti- 8Mo- Ti-8Mo-8V-1Fe-3Al (b) 9.43 14.35
Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al (c) 10.15 15.0
8V-2Fe-3AI Ti-8Mo-8V-3Fe-3Al (b) 11.05 15.0
(a) Transverse Direction. TABLE 3 0628
(b) Prepared from 1/2 pound Ingot as described In Figure 1. 061. Source 4
(c) Prepared from 30 pound ingot as described in Table 3.0241. Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
(see Table 3. 0212 for balance of tensile properties) Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet (a) (b)
Condition Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to 1000F, AC (c)+
ST +Age
3. 0622 Effect of variation in total alloy composition on room Test 1475F, 1/2 Hr, AC (d) 1475F, 1/2 Hr, AC (d)
temperature tensile elastic modulus of solution treated Temperature- F +900F 8 Hr AC + llOOF 16 Hr AC
and solution treated plus aged sheet, Tabla 3.0622. E - 103 ksi (e)
TABLE 3 0622 -65 16.3 114.8
I -65 15.2
Source _{4) 15.1
1-'orm 0. 050 Inch Sheet* RT 16.9 16.&

Condition
1500F, 15Min, 1500F, 15 Min, RT
GOO
-
15.8
15.9
14.1
WQ WQ+900F, 8 Hr,
AC 600 15.1 15.6
Alloy E- 103 ksl E- 103 ksi 600 16.5 -
(a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mill precessed as described In
Ti-8. 5Mo-8. 5 V-2. 25Fe-3. 5Al-O .180 11.4 14.2
(Normal maximum alloy content) Table 4.011.
Ti-7 .5Mo-7 .5\'1. 75Fe-2.5Al-0.100 9.4 15.4 (b) Transverse direction.
(Normal minimwn alloy content) (c) This condition representabve or hand mill sheet. Sheet descaled,
Ti-8.5Mo-8. 5V-2. 25Fe-2. SAI-0.100 10.7 15.3 ground and pickled nfter annealing.
(Composition corresponding to lowest (d) 50 percent recrystallized.
alpha-beta ratio) (e) Soe Table 3.0314 for balance o! tensUe properties.
Ti-7 .5M>-7. SV-1. 75 ~'e-~. 5Al-0.180 9.8 16.7
(Composition corresponding to highest
alpha-beta ratio)
* Prepared from 10 pound ingot tn same manner as described tn
Table 3. 0241 for 30 pound ingot.
Values average or duplicate tests. Transverse Direciion.
see Table 3.0213 for balance of tennlle properties.

3.0623 Effect of aging time and temperature on room tempera~ 3.0629 Tensile elastic modulus at -65F, room temperature and
ture tensile elastic modulus of solution treated sheet, 600 F for 25 percent cold rolled, simulated mill strip
Figure 3. 0623. solution treated (50 percent recrystallized) and aged,
3.0624 Effect of aging time at 900 and 1100 F on room tempera- Table 3. 0629.
ture tensile elastic modulus of annealed, simulated
hand mill sheet 50 percent recrystallized, Figure
3.0624.
3.0625 Effect of aging time at 800, 900, and llOOF on room
temperature tensile clastic modulus of 25 percent cold
rolled, simulated mill strip 50 percent recrystallized,
Figure 3.0625.
TADLE 3 0629
3.0626 Room temperature tensile elastic modulus of solution
Source (4)
treated and solution trented plus aged plate, Table Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
3.0626. Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet (a)(b)
1'ABLE 3 0626 Condition Cold Rolled 25 Percent (0.080 Inch too. 060 Inch)
Source (c)+ ST +Age
(4)
Alloy 1450F, 10 Min, AC (d) 1450F, 10 Min, AC (d)
T'i- 8Uo-8V-2Fe-3Al
Form Test + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +HOOF, 24 Hr, AC
Plate (a)
Condition 1500F, 10 Min, AC I
1500F, 10 Min, AC +
900 F 16 llr AC
Temperature- F
-65 15.0
E - 103 ksi (c)
15.9
Plate Thickness -65 15.6 15.5
Inches E- 103 ksl (b)(c)(d) RT 17.2 15.7
1/2 12.2-14..1 RT - 16.2
2 12.2-13.2 I 16.0-16.3
15.6-16.1
(a) Prepared !rom 500 pound Ingot mill precessed as described In
GOO
600
14.7
13.6
13.0
14.6
Table 4. 011. (a) Prep!lred from 500 pound ingot mill processed as described In
(b) Range of values from three tests for l/2 inch plate and from five Table 4.011.
tests !or 2 inch plate. (b) Transverse dlrecUon.
(c) Center location, longitudinal direction. (c) Heprcsentative of mill strip.
(d) For balance of tenslle properties, soc Tables 3. 02111 and (d) 50 percent recrystallized.
3.021!2. (c) See Table 3. 0315 for balance o! tensile properties.
 RELEASED= DECEMBER 1970 - NONFERROUS ALLOYS

u 3.06210 Effect of 500 hour, GOOF exposure at 90 percent of GOOF

yield strength on room temperature tensile elastic mod-
ulus of annealed, olmulated hand mill sheet solutlon
3.063 Modulus of rigidity.
Ti
treated (50 percent recrystalllzed) and aged, Tab'!e 8 Mo
3.0G210.
8 v
TABLE 3 06210 2 Fe
Source (4)
Alloy T!-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al 3 AI
Form 0.060 Inch Sheet a)
Condition Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to lOOOF, AC (b) +
ST +Age 4. FABRICATION
500 Hr, GOOF Exposure Subsequent RT Elastic Modulus Ti- 8Mo-
Stress Deformation Direction E (c)
ksl Percent 103 ksl 8V-2Fe-3AI
1475F, 1/2 Hr, AC d) + 900F, 8 Hr, AC
None Longitudinal 1G.3
None Longitudinal 16.0
Transverse 16.9
138 Nre 0.781 Longitudinal 1G.O
138 0.710 Transverse 16.0 4.01 Formability
138 0.676 Transverse 15.9 Gcnernl. As a class of nl.loys, Ute metastable beta
1475 F, 1/2 Hr, AC (d)+ llOOF, 16 Hr, AC compositions are considerably more formable than nl.pha
None Longitudinal 16.3 +beta types, primarily because of the very high ductility
None Longitudinal 18.0 of the body centered cubic beta phase (8). The data re-
None Transverse 15.7 ported in this chapter were obtained on product forms
Trnnsverse 16.8 processed from ingots ranging from 1/2 powtd laborat-
98 Nre 0.163 Longitudinal 15.3 ory size to smnll commercinl ingots of 500 pound and
98 0.410 Transverse 15.0 1800 pound. No diffieulUes were encountered in sewing
98 0.203 Transverse 15.6 up from the smnllcst to largest Ingot sizes. Forging and
(a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mUI processed as described hot rolling characteristics of this alloy arc judged simi-
in Table 4. 011. lar to those of T!-13V-11Cr-3Al; these include case of
(b) This condition representative or hand mill sheet. Sheet deformation and surface condition a!ter processing (4).
descaled, ground and pickled a!ter annealing. Commercial processing schedules nrc outlined for Ute
(c) Tested In as-exposed condition. production of plate and sheet in Table 4.011, for forged
(d) 50 percent recrystallized. bars in Table 4. 012, and for a typicnl., smnll closed die
(see Table 3. 02120 for corresponding tensile properties) aircraft type forging in Tublo 3.02115.
4.011 Processing of plate and sheet from 500 pound Ingot,
---"" Tobie 4. 011.

3. 06211 Effect of 500 hour, 600 F exposure at 90 percent of GOOF

yield strength on room temperature tensile clastic mo- TABLE 4.011
dulus of 25 percent cold rolled, simulated mill strip 500 P<und ingot, Double Consumable- Electrode Vacuum Melted

~
solution treated (50 percent recrystnllizcd) and aged,
Table 3.06211.
Preheat 30 Minutes at 1750 F

Source
TABLE 3 06211
(4)
t
Scak GO Minutes at 1950 F
Alloy
Form
Condition
Ti-SMo-SV-2 Fc-3Al
0. 060 Inch Sheet (a)
Cold Rolled 25 Percent (0. 080 Inch to 0. 060
!
Press- Forge to 3 1/4 Inch Thick Slob

~
Inch)!b) +ST + Age
500 Hr, GOO F Exposure SUbsequent RT Elastic Modulus
Stress Deformation E (c) Cool and Remove SUrface Scale

~
ksi Percent Direction 103 ksi
1450 F, 10 Min, AC (d)+ 900F, 8 Hr, AC
None Longitudinnl. 16.7 Ultrasonlcaily Inspect for Internal Defects and crop
Transverse 17.2 Off Rounded Ends

~
125 1.654 Longitudinal 15.3
NT 15.2
125 1.192 Transverse
125 1.189 Transverse 15.1 Roll From 1860 FIn Five Passes to 2 Inch Thick Plate

~
1450F, 10 Min, AC (d) + 1100 F, 24 Hr, AC
None Longitudinal 16.0
None Longitudinnl. 15.9 Surface Grind
None Transverse 15.7
Transverse 16.2
93 0.316
NT 0.360
Longitudinnl
Transverse
14.5
15.1
Roll From 1860 F to
0 55 Inch Thick PI ate Roll From 1850 F to
93
93 0.105 Transverse 14.6
(a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mill processed as described I 0. 265 Inch Thick Plate and
cross Roll to o. 060 Inch Thick

1 ~s~~;toG:~r..~_~_:;:_~-~---~-~-"-~_s_h__ert_Sh_c_e_t_F_ro_m-'iame Temperature
In Table 4. 011.
(b) Representative of mUl strip.
(c) Tested in as-<>Xposed condition.
(d) 50 percent recrystallized. t
Descale, Grind, and Pickle
(see Table 3. 02121 for corresponding tensile properties)
 II

NONFERROUS ALLOYS * RELEASED=DECEMBER1970

.012 ProcessiDg of forged bar from 1.800 pomd illgol. nble mrmall,y used for :reob::lfoa of n-uv-uer-:sA l em-
Ti 4.012. pl07fl>g slmllar rolliDg ~ n-81lo-8V..2Fo-:SAl
m.,y t1wa be Blf&lliJ,y eaa1er 1o ron thaD. n-uv-uer-:sAL
8 Mo Olld "'II'J"'Db'litr. To be aultable for rivet 8lock, an
8 v TABLE4.012
1800 I'Uimd Ingot. Doable Ooaswnable-Elec trode Vacuum Melted
.00,. must be eold 11p8ettable. Some CODBld.lr a Dt/D
of 1. 7 when drlvenm acceptable miDimum (8). This
0

2
3
Fe
AI Press-Upset 30
l
Percent From 1900F 4.016
IIDD.J meeta tbls criterion 1n lbe aolutlan treated condi-
IIOD..
Room temperalure ~ty or aolatloD. treated

~
&lid sollllino treal8d pl.as stabW&al:lon qed l'aslener
8lock, Table 4.016.
Press- .fllrge From 1900F 1o 12 IDches !quare
Ti- 8Mo-
8V-2Fe-3A I
~
Press-.fllrge From 1650F 1o 8 1/2 Inehes S{uare Solm:e
.
TABLE4 016
(8)(11)
n-aKo-Bl'e-2Fe- 3A1
~
All'"
Fbrm o. 256 lllcb Ilameter Wire
Press-Fbrge From 1650F 1o 6 1/21Dches S{uare (Fastener Stock)
Oondlllon Cold Rolled 9 Percent + Heat Treat

l
Press- Fbrge From 1650F 1o 4 1/2 IDches !quare
jWlQ'!~IJ'
D[/Do
I Heat Trealmellt Ftrksl(a) Plossed 1Falled
1450F, 15 Min, AC
1450F, 15 Min, AC + 1200F, 8 Hr, AC
117
125
1.96
1.41
I
2.13
1.70
(a) See TatiiB 3.0Zll.7 lor balanCe or telSile prope ues.
(b) After compression, puck_lnspo;."'ted for cracks at10x masnlflca-
tlon: "Passed 11 - DO cracks, nFalled"- cracked ..

I I Do= 0.225

(Jntermediale aDd liDal grindillg, cutting and tbcrmal treatmeats

involvoo purposely not iDclud..d.)
EJr Compression Puck

4.013 Fbrgiag. The processing or bar from an 1800 pound in-

got described in Table 4.012 involved Initial pressing
and forging at beta + 475 F and finish forging at beta +
225 F. The investigators were apparenUy dissatisfied
4.02 Machining and Grinding
with the ducUllty of these forged bars and suggested
that beta grain she refio!lmenl be sought by using higher
brealalown temperatures and lower finishing tempera-
tures (1). Cross forging may not raise the level of
ducUllty but can lessen dlrecUonallty of elongation and
reduction o( area values as shown In Table 3.02114.
~riaingly this beneficlsl effect docs not appear to 4.03 ~
depend on wbether the cross forging temperature was 1bls slloy Is more weldable than n-13V-11Ci--3A1 (10).
either 1700F or 1400F. 4.031 lloom temperature tensne properties of welded sheet,
Table 4. 031.
The Wyman-Gordon Company produced a smsll, air-
frame-type closed dle forging as a vehicle for evaluating
tho teosUo(soo Table 3.02.115), fatlguc(see Figure 3.051),
notch stress rupture (see Table 3. 043) and notch tough- TABLE4 031
Source (3)
ness (see Tables 3.02711 and 3.02722) or a typlcsl
:\llclv Tt-8Mo-8Fe-2Fe -3Al
forged part. All forging was done at 1700 F as desurlberl
in Table 3.02115. Tbc part was given the same heat ~-
Condition
Welded 0.060 Inch Sheet
1500F 10 Min AC + 900F 16 Hr AC +Weld (a)
~cnt as the bars produced In the foregoing study.
HT Tensile o(l/2ln) e(2ln)
Slm!h\" !o the bars, the closed dlc Corgiag possessed
Properiles F111 - ksl(c) Fty- ksl(c) Percenl(c) Percent(c)
rolatively low ductility (see Table 3. 02115) even though
the fracture touglmess (see Table 3. 02722) was quite Range (b) 1:>1-129 121-12.7 2-18 0.4-4.5
high. Tho lovesUgators state Uult ad<l.IUonsl evaluation Average -(b) 126 124 14.5 3.5
of tho sllay will undoubtedly suggest mod!Iying process- (a) Machine weld, wllbouL Oller, using 3/32 inch diameter 2 percent
ing cycles or heal treatments to produce improved thorlatod tungsten eleclrode. Welded at 20 In/min In UFO
strcoglh ducUllty comlllnations. atmosphere. Welding curronL was 100-150 ampa at9 YOIIII.
4.014 Hot roll.lng. Tbo production o( bot rolled plate from a (b) Eight tosts.
500 pound Ingot Is described In Table 4.011. Tho first c) Weld bead approximately 0.2 inch wide, perpeodlcular 1o apecl-
bslf of processing part or a 2 inch slab to o. 265 lncb men axis and ground Qusb with specimen surface. a.ge leqtb
gage was performed at 1850F, or 40F lower than that symmotrical about weld bead centerline.
 Ti
RELEASED DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

4.032 Room temperature teusne elastic modulus or welded 4.034 Room temperature teusile elastic modulus or welded
sheet, Table 4. 032.
simulated hand mill sheet, Table 4. 034.
Ti
8 Mo
8 v
2 Fe
TABLE 4.034
TABLE 4 032 Source (4)
3 AI
Source (3) Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V- 2Fe-3Al
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V- 2Fe-3Al Form O.OGG Inch Sheet (n)(b)
Form Welded 0.060 Inch Sheet Condition Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to lQOOF, AC (c) +Heat
Con<l.ltion
Ti- BMo
1500F, 10 Min, AC + 900F, 16 Hr, AC +Weld (a) Treat/Weld
E- 103 ksl Number E (d) (Range) 8V-2Fe-31
Range (b)(c) Heat Treat/Weld Sequence of
I Average (b)(c)
14.2-15.7 15.0 Tests 103 ksl
(a) Machine weld, without filler, using 3/32 Inch diameter 2 1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld 3 13.1-13.5
percent thoriated tungeten electrode. Welded at 20 In/min In 1475F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC
argon atmosphere. Welding current was 100-150 amps at +Weld 3 14.5-15.3
9 volts. 1475F, 30 liUn, AC +Weld+ 900F, 8 Hr,
(b) Eight tests. AC 2(e) 15.4and 16.0
(c) Weld bead approximate ly 0. 2 Inch wide, perpendicul ar to 1475F, 30 Min, AC +HOOF, 16 Hr, AC
specimen axis and ground flush with specimen surface. +Weld 3, 15.3-15.9
Gage length symmetrica l about weld bead centerline. 1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld +llOOF, 16 II~:
(see Table 4. 031 for balance of tensile properties) AC 3 14.9-15.3
1475F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +
Weld+ 900F, 3 Hr, ,1\C 6 14.7-15.5
H75F, :;IJ M!n, AC ... 900F, 8 Hr, AC +
Weld (f} + 900 F, H~. AC 10 13.2-15.7
(a) Proparcd from 500 pound lni\Ut mill processed as described In
Table 4.011.
(b) GTA welded, without filler, using automatic welding machine
(except where noted) with 3/32 Inch diameter, 2 percent
thoriatcd tungsten electrode and argon shielding, at 20 Inches
per minute with 100-150 amp current at 9 volts. Weld bead
ground flush with base metal surfaces.
(c) Simulated hand mill product. Sheet dcscaled, b'l'Ound and pickled
after annealing.
(d) 2 Inch gage length. Weld bead width, 0.2 Inch; width of weld
bead plus beat affected zone, 0.5 Inch.
(e) One specimen, the result for which Is not Included, broke before
yielding and had an clastic modulus of 13.9 x 103 ksl.
(C) Hand welded.
4.033 Room temperature tensile pt'Opertie& of welded simulated (sec Table 4.033 for balnnce of tensile properties)
hand mill sheet, Table 4. 033.

TABLE 4 033
Source (4)
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V- 2Fc-3Al
Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet a)(b
Condition Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to 1000F, AC (c)+ Heat Treat/Weld
Room Temperatur e Tensile Properties (d)
No. (Ra.'lge of Values)
Heat Treat/Weld Sequence of Ftu Fty (e) e(2 ln}(f) e(1/2 ln}(f)
Tests ksl ksl percent percent
1475F, 30 Min, AC+ Weld 3 124-126 12.'1-124 2.0-5.0 8.0-18.0
1475 F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8Hr, AC +Weld 3 118-124 116-122 3.0-3.5 10.0-14.0
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ 900F, 8 Hr, AC 2(g) 201 191 and198 0.5and1.5 2.0and 4.0
1475F, 30 Min, AC +HOOF, 16 Hr, AC +Weld 3 126-129 122-127 2.0-3.0 8.0
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ llOOF, 113 Hr, AC 3 152-156 145-149 1.25 5.0
1475F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +Weld+ 900F, 3 Hr, AC 6 185-193 180-188 2.0-3.0 2.0-4.0
1475F 30 Min AC + 900F 8 Hr AC +Weld (h)+ 900F 2 Hr AC 10 126-153 125-151 1.0-2.0 4.0-6.0
(a) Prepared from 500 pound Ingot mill processed as described In Table 4.011.
(b) GTA welded, without filler, using automatic welding machine (except where
noted) with 3/32 Inch diameter,
i 2 percent thoriated tungsten electrode and argon shielding, at 20 Inches per minute
at 9 volts. Weld bead ground flush with base metal surfaces.
with 100-150 amp current
(c) Simulated hand mill product. Sheet descaled, ground and pickled after wmeallng.
j (d) All specimens broke In weld.
(e) 2 Inch gage length.
(f) Weld bead width, 0.2 Inch; width of weld bead plus beat affected zone, 0.5 inch.

l (g) One specimen, result Cor which not Included, broke without yielding.
(h) Hand welded.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED DECEMBER 1970

4.035 600 F tensile properties of welded simulated hand mill

Ti sheet, Table 4. 035.

8 Mo
8 v
TABLE 4 035
2 Fe Source (4)
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
3 AI Form 0.060 Inch Sheet (a)(b)
Condition Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to 1000F, AC (c)+ Heat Trea Weld
600 F Tensile Properties (d)
Ti- 8Mo- Heat Treat/Weld Sequence No. of Ftu F~(eJ e(2 1n)(f) e(1/2 ln)(f)
Tests ksi ks percent percent
8V-2Fe-3AI 1475F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +Weld 3 86-88 84-1!7 1.5-5.0 12.0-18.0
1475 F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ 900F, 8 Hr, AC 3 1S2-185 173(g) 1. 0-2.0 2.0-6.0
1475F, 30 Min, AC + llOOF, 16 Hr, AC +Weld 3 1!6-89 84-87 4. 0-5.5 10.0-16.0
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ llOOF, 16 Hr, AC 3 18-123 98-116 3.5-4.5 2.5-8.5
1475F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +Weld+ 900F, 3 Hr, AC 6 159-167 147-157 2.0-3.0 2.5-4.0
(a) Prepared from 500 pound Ingot mill processed as described in Table 4. 011.
(b) GTA welded, without filler, using automatic welding machine with 3/32 Inch diameter, 2 percent thoriated
tungsten electrode and argon shielding, at 20 inches per minute with 100-150 amp current at 9 volts. Weld
bead ground fiush with base metal surfaces.
(c) Simulated hand mill product. Sheet descaled, ground and pickled a.Cter annealing.
(d) All specimens broke in weld.
(e) 2 Inch gage length.
(f) Weld bead width, 0.2 inch; width of weld bead plus hunt affected zone, 0.5 inch.
(g) Two specimens, the results for which are not included, broke without yielding.
(see Table 4. 033 for corresponding room temperature properties)

4. 037 Effect of exposure to olevated temperature without load

on room temperature tensile properties of welded simu-
lated hand mill sheet, Table 4. 037.

4.036 600 F tensile elastic modulus of welded simulated hand

mill sheet, Table 4. 036. TABLE 4 037
Source (4)
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet (n)(b)
TABLE 4 036
Condition Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to lOOOF, AC(c) +
Source (4)
Heat Treat/Weld
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
Exposure Conditions I Subsequent RT Tensile Properties (d)
Form 0.060 Incn :;neet (a)(n)
Temperature Time Ftu Fty(e) e(2 In)(f) e(1/2 In)(f)
Condition Anneatcd 12B5F, 4 Hr, FC to 1000F, AC (c)+ Heat
F Hours ksl kBI Percent Percent
Treat/Weld
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Wold+ 900F, 8 llr, AC
Elastic Modulus None (g) (g) 0 2.0
Number at GOOF None 201 191 1.5 4.0
Heat Trent/Weld Sequence or E(d) (Range) 201 198 0.5 2.0
Tests 103 ksl 650 NT500 189 180 2.0 2.0
1475F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC G50 500 193 187 2.0 2.0
+Weld 3 14.7-15.4 1475F, 30 Min, AC +Wold+ llOOF, 16 Hr, AC
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ 900F, 8 Hr, None 156 149 2.0 5.0
AC 3 15.2-17 .o None 153 146 2.0 5.0
l475F, 30 Min, AC + llOOF, 16 Hr, AC 152 145 3.5 5.0
+Weld 3 10.0-15.1 650 NT500 146 139 2.0 4.0
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld + llOOF, 16Hr, 650 500 151 145 2.0 4.0
AC 3 13.1-14.8 (n) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mill processed as described in
1475F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8 llr, AC Table 4.011.
+Weld+ 900F, 3 Hr, AC 6 13.7-15.9 (b) GT A welded, without filler, using automatic welding machine
(a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mill processed as described in with 3/3l! Inch diameter, 2 percent thoriated tungsten electrode
Table 4.011. and argon shielding, at 20 inches per minute with lOQ-150 amp
(b) GT A welded, without filler, using automatic welding machine current at 9 volts. Weld bead ground fiush with base metal
with 3/32 Inch diameter, 2 percent thoriated tungsten electrode surfaces.
and argon shielding, at 20 Inches per minute with 100-150 amp (c) Simulated hand mill product. Sheet dcscalcd, ground and pickled
current at 9 volts. Weld bead ground fiush "ith bnae metal aCtor annealing.
surfaces. (d) All specimens broke in weld. Specimens testod In as-exposed
(c) Simulated hand mill product. Sheet descaled, grolL'td and condition.
pickled aCtor annealing. (c) 2 inch gage length.
(d) 2 Inch gage length. Weld bead width, 0. 2 Inch; weld bead plus (f) Weld bead width, 0.2 inch; weld bead plus beat affected zone
heat a.Cfected zone width, 0.5 Inch. width, 0.5 inch.
(see Table 4. 035 for balance of tensile properties) g) Specimen broke before yielding.
 I I

RELEASED= DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

4.038 Effect of exposure to elevated t.emperature without load

on room temperature tensile elastic modulus of welded Ti
simulated hand mill sheet, Table 4. 038.
TABLE 4 038
8 Mo
Source
Alloy
(4)
Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
8 v
Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet (a)(b) 2 Fe
O>n!lltion Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to lOOOF,
AC (c) +Heat Treat/Weld 3 AI
Exposure O>nditions SUbsequent RT Elastic Modulus(d)
Temperature Time E
F Hours 103 ksl
1475F, 30 Min, AC + Weld + soa F, 8 Hr, AC Ti- 8Mo-
None 13.9(e)
None 15.4 8V-2Fe-3AI
650
650
Nr 500
500
16.0
14.4
15.2
1475F 30 Min AC +Weld+ llOOF, 16 Hr, AC
None 15.2
None 14.9
15.3
650 N r 500 15.5
650 500 15.8
(a) Prepared from 500 pound Ingot mill processed as
described In Table 4.011.
(b) GTA welded without Clller, using automatic welding
machine with 3/32 Inch diameter, 2 percent thorlated
tungsten electrode n.'ld argon shielding, at 20 Inches
per minute with 100-150 amp current at 9 volts. Weld
bend ground fiusb with base melal surfaces.
(c) Simulated band mill product. Sheet descaled, ground
and pickled after annealing.
(d) Specimens tested In as-exposed condition. 2lncb gage
length. Weld bend width, 0. 2 inch; width or weld bead 4.039 Effect or temperature on bend properties or welded simu-
plus bent affected zone, 0. 5 inch. lated hand mill sheet, Table 4. 039.
(e) Specimen broke before yielding.
(see Table 4.037 for balance of tensile properties.
"~-'

TABLE 4 039
Source 4
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
Form o. 060 Inch Sheet (a)(b)
Condition Annealed 1285F, 4 Hr, FC to lOOOF, AC (c) +Heat Treat/Weld
Test urtentntion ot
Bend Radius
Heat Trent/Weld Sequence Temperature Weld Bead
F to Bend Axis Passed Failed
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld RT No weld 2.2t 1.8t
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld RT Transverse 2.lt 1.81
1475 F, 30 Min, AC +Weld RT Parallel 3.0t 2.41
1475F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +Weld RT No weld 7.41 6.61
1475F, 30 Min, AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +Weld RT Transverse 2.41 2.1t
1475F 30 Min AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +Weld RT Parallel 2.5t 2.4t
1475F, 30 ~fin, AC +Weld+ 900F, 8 Hr, AC RT No weld 9.11 8.0t
1475F, 30 !\fin, AC +Weld+ 900F, 8 Hr, AC RT Transverse - >9.5t
1475F 30 Min AC +Weld+ 900F 8 Hr AC
1475 F, 30 Min, AC + 1100 F, 16 Hr, AC +Weld
RT
RT
Parallel
No weld
-
4.2t
>8.3t
3.6t
1475F, 30 Min, AC + llOOF, 16 Hr, AC +Weld RT Transverse 2.3t 2.0t
1475F, 30 ~fin, AC + 1100F, 16 Hr, AC +Weld RT Parallel 1.6t l.Ot
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ HOOF, 16 Hr, AC RT No weld 4.11 3.61
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ llOOF, 16 Hr, AC RT Transverse 4.3t 3. 7t
1475F 30 Min AC +Weld+ llOOF 16 Hr AC RT Parallel H.9t 11.0t
1475F, 30 1\fin, AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +Weld
1475F 30 1\fin AC + 900F, 8 Hr, AC +Weld
400
400
Transverse
Parallel
0.91
2.0t
-
1.51
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ 900F, 8 Hr, AC 400 Transverse - >6.5t
1475F, 30 Min, AC + llOOF, 16 Hr, AC+ Weld 400 Transverse 2.6t 1.61
1475F 30 1\fin AC +HOOF, 16 Hr, AC +Weld 400 Parallel 3.01 2.5t
1475 F, 30 !\fin, AC +Weld+ HOOF, 16 Hr, AC 400 Transverse 3.0t 2.51
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ llOOF, 16 Hr, AC 400 Parallel 7.8t 7.31
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ llOOF, 16 Hr, AC 1100 Transverse - >2.0t
1475F, 30 Min, AC +Weld+ HOOF, 16 Hr, AC 1100 Parallel - >8.0t
(a) Prepared from 500 pound Ingot mill processed as described In Tnble 4. 011.
(b) GTA welded, without filler, using automatic welding machine with 3/32 Inch diameter, 2 percent thorlated
tungsten electrode and argon shielding, at 20 Inches per minute with 100-150 amp current at 9 volts. Weld
bead ground flush with base melal surfaces.
(c) Simulated hand mill product. Sheet descaled, ground and pickled after annealing.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED DECEMBER 1970

Heat Treatment 4.043 Recrystallization characteristics of 50 percent cold

Ti Recrystallization. Recrystallization parameters were rolled sheet (simulated mill strip), Table 4.043.
determined for sheet in three conditions: o. 060 inch
8 Mo gage annealed 1285F, 4 hr, FC to 1000F (simulated TABLE 4 043
hand mill product), hot rolled sheet cold rolled 25 per- Source (4)
8 v cent from 0.080 inch to 0.060 inch gage (simulates mill Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
strip), and hot rolled sheet cold rolled 50 percent from Form and Hot Rolled o. 080 lnCIISheet (a) Cold Rolled
2 Fe 0.080 inch to 0.040 inch gage (also simulated mill strip). Condition 50 Percent to 0. 040 lnch Sheet (b)
Samples from each condition were solution treated at Solution Solution ime
3 AI temperatures ranging from 1350F to 1525F in 25F incre- Temperature 15 Minutes 30 Minutes 1 Hour
ments for 15, 30 and GO minutes. Ten minute solution F Percent Percent Percent
times were also used where required. After solution 1350 0 0 0
Ti- 8Mo- treatment, all samples were partially aged for 4 hours 1375 T(c) 20 80
at 900 F to permit metallographic distinction between re- 1400 85 90 100
8V-2Fe-3AI crystallized and uncrystallized material (when partially 1425 100 100 100
aged, recrystallized grains are daJ.ker etching). Follow 1450 100 100 100
ing this, aging response was determined for both 50 per- 1475 100 100 00 with grain
cent and 100 percent recrystallized material. Aging growth
temperatures ranged from BOO F to 1200 F in 100 F incre- 15ti0 100 100 00 with grain
ments for times ranging from 2 to 24 hours. Aging was growth
most pronounced at 900F for 8 hours or more and parti- 1525 100 100 with
ally recrystallized material aged Caster than fully re- grain growtl: 100 with grain
crystallized material. The aging curves established by growth
Vickers hardness measurements arc presented in (a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mill processed as
Figures 1. 066 through 1. 0611. described in Table 4. 011.
4.041 Recrystallization characteristics of annealed sheet (b) Representative of mill strip. Sheet descaled, ground
(simulated hand mll1 product), Table 4. 041. and pickled after cold rolling.
(c) Traces of recrystallization.
TABLE 4 041
Source (.!) 4.044 Oxidation (see 2.0313 and 2.0314).
Alloy Ti-8Mo-SV-2Fc-3Al 4.045 Cooling rate. Cooling rate from the solution temperature
Form 0. 060 Inch Sheet (a) ranging from water quenching to plate cooling has no
Condition Annealed 1285 F, 4 Hr, FC to 1000 F, AC(b) measurable influence on the room temperature smooth
Solution Solution Time tensUe properties of this alloy.
Temperature 15 Minutes 30 Minutes 1 Hour 4.046 Effect of cooling rate from the solution temperature on
F Percent Percent Percent room temperature tensUe properties of solution treated
1350 0 0 0 and aged sheet, Table 4. 046.
1375 0 0 0
1400 0 0 0 TABLE 4 046
1425 0 T(c) T(c) Source I (4) \. _____ ,
1450 5 50 75 Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
1475 10 50 90 Form I o. 050 lnch Sheet (a)
1500 30 80 100 Ftu Fty e~2 In)
1525 50 lOOidl 100(d) Condition ksi ksi Percent
(a) Prepared from 500 pound ingot mll1 processed ns 1500F, 10 Min, WQ + 900F, 16 Hr, AC 204 192 5.0
described in Table 4. 011. 1500F, 10 Min, AC + 900F, 16 Hr, AC 202 193 6.2
(b) This condition representative of handmill sheet. 1500F, 10 Min, Plate Cool (b)-+900F, 16 Hr,
Sheet descaled, ground and pickled after annealing. AC 203 193 5.2
(c) Traces of recrystallization. (a) Prepared from 30 pound ingot as described in Table 3.0241.
(d) Few small scattered areas of unrecrystallized material. Transverse direction.
(b) Specimen blanks held between two 1 inch thick titaalum plates;
assemblage removed from furnace and allowed to cool in still
air. Specimen blo:nks cooled to 700 Fin about 20 minutes,
4.042 Recrystallization characteristics of 25 percent cold simulating the cqoling rate expected in the production of 2 inch
rolled sheet (simulated mill strip), Table 4.042. plate.

TABLE 4 042
Source (.!) 4.047 Effect of cooling rate from the solution temperature on
Alloy Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al room temperature tensue clastic modulus of solution
Form and Hot Rolled 0. 080 Inch Sheet(a) Cold treated and aged sheet, Table 4. 047.
Condition Rolled 25 Percent to 0.060 Inch Sheet (b)
Solution Solution Time TABLE 4 047
Temperature 15 Minutes 30 Minutes 1 Hour Source I c4f
F Percent Percent Percent Alloy Ti-8Mo-8 V-2 Fe-3Al
1350 0 0 0 Form 0. 050 Inch Sheet a
1375 10 10 20 Condition E- 103 ksi
1400 40 75 95 1500F, 10 Min, WQ + 900F, 16 Hr, AC 15.1
1425 70 90 100 1500F, 10 Min, AC + 900F, 16 Hr, AC 15.3
1450 70 100 100 1500F, 10 Min, Plate Cool (b), + 900F,
1475 70 100 100 16 Hr, AC 15.7
1500 100 100 100 with grain (a) Prepared from 30 pound ingot as described in Table
growth 3.0241. Transverse direction.
1525 100 100 100 with grain (b) Specimen blanks held between two 1 inch thick titanium
growth plates; assemblage removed from furnace and allowed
(aT Prepared rom 500 poun I Ingot mill proccssea ns to cool in still air. Specimen blanks cooled to 700 F
described in Table 4.011. in about 20 minutes, simulating the cooling rate expected
(b) Representative of mill strip. Sheet dcscaled, ground in the production of 2 lnch plate.
and pickled after cold roillnsr. (sec Table 4. 046 for balance of tensUe properties)
 RELEASED: DECEMBER 1970 ' ' '
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

t_) 4.05 &lrface Treatment

Ti
8 Mo
8 v
2 Fe
3 AI

Ti- 8Mo-
8V-2Fe-3AI

AGING TEMPERATURE
F
1 800 850 900 950
Ti-8Mo-8V-1Fe-3Al - - 0 .0 0 0
Ti-8Mo-8V-3Fe-3Al - - e ..
300 l-f:;if,NI'-;;~t;O;-.n.05;;;0-;;INCH SHEET PREPARED. FROM 1/2 POUND INGOTS AS
FOLLOWS: HOT ROLLED AT 1750F TO 0.080 INCH SHEET;
0.080 INCH SHEET COLD ROLLED TO 0.050 INCH SHEET.

4 8 12 16 20 24
AGING TIME - HOURS

FiG. 1. 061 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON HARDNESS OF

SOLUTION TREATED SHEET OF TWO ffiON CONTENTS. (3)

Tl-8. 5Mo-8. 5 V-2. 25 Fc-3.5Al-0.180

(NORMAL MAXIMUM ALLOY CONTENT)
' 450 0.050 INCH SHEET PREPARED FROM 10 POUND
q INGOT IN SAME MANNER AS DESCRIBED IN
~ TABLE 3.0241 FOR 30 POUND INGOT

"Ti-7 .5Mo-7 .5V-1. 75Fc-2.5Al-0.100 ~ 400

_ 1500F, 15MINA,.~W~Q~+!A:.;G~E==,=A=C=t:=~~=~
AGE TEMPER~T

(
(NORMAL MINIMUM ALLOY CONTENT)
0.050 INCH SHEET PREPARED FROM 10 POUND 1 gj
l>l
r: INGOT IN SAME MANNER AS DESCRWED IN
c TABLE 3.0241 FOR 30 POUND INGOT. iS
i:
r
450
1500F, ~5 MlN, iQ
+ AGi, AC
~350~--+r-7~r----+----~~~--__,
=
~- til
a:
I;
~
~ AGE TEMPERATURE- F
I / ~ ~

s ..:
tJ

~
400 1-930 !> 300 l--f+1f---f--=-"'1----i-
Cl / /
:.: L:'r/

fir/
/
~- 0
!:?..

r~ ~
~
~
350

/':. 8 12 16
AGING TIME- HOURS
20 24

:c
i, 1:!f,J 300 FIG. 1. 063 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON

0
~
lj/ HARDNESS OF SOLUTION TREATED SHEET OF
NORMAL MAXIMUM ALLOY CONTENT. (4)

250
0 4 8 12 16 20 24
AGING TIME - HOURS

FIG. 1.062 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON

HARDNESS OF SOLUTION TREATED SHEET OF
NORMAL MINIMUM ALLOY CONTENT. (4)
 Ti
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED DECEMBER 1970

TI-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
Ti
450 0.060 INCH SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT
!lULL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.0ll)
8 Mo ANNEALED 1285F, 4 HR, FC TO 1000F, AC, *SOLUTION
8 v TREATED 1475F, 1/2 HR, AC (50 PERCENT RECRY-
- STALLIZED) AND AGED, AC.
Ti-8.5Mo-8.5V-2.25Fe-2.5Al-0.100 (COMPOSI-
2 Fe TION CORRESPONDING TO LOWEST ALPHA-
3 AI ~ BETA RATIO)
s 0.050 INCH SHEET PREPARED FROM i<J POUND
INGOT IN SAME MANNER AS DEI!CRIB1:D IN
TABLE 3.0241 FOR 30 POUND INGOT I
Ti- 8Mo- 0
!2.
1500F, 15 MIN, WQ +AGE, AC I

8V-2Fe-3AI 1Z
1>1 AGE TEMPERATURE - F
1350
~
:1::
"'=:
~300
s:
250
0 4 8 12 16 20 24
AGING TIME - HOURS

FIG. 1. 064 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON

HARDNESS OF SOLUTION TREATED SHEET OF 0 4 8 12 16 20 24
COMPOSITION CORRESPONDING TO LOWEST AGING TIME - HOURS
ALPHA-BETA RATIO. (4)
FIG. 1.066 EFFECT OF AGING TIME Atm TEMPERATURE ON
HARDNESS OF ANNEALED SHEET 50 PERCENT
RECRYSTALLIZED. (4)

Tl-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
450 0.050 INCH SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT-
Ti-7 .5Mo-7 .5V-1. 75Fe-3.5Al-0.180 (COMPOSITION MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.011)
CORRESPONDING TO HIGHEST ALPliA-BETA RATIO} ANNEALED 1285F, 4 HR, FC TO 1000F, AC,*SOLUTION
~- -TREATED 1525F, 1/2 HR, AC (100 PERCENT RE- -
0.050 INCH SHEET PREPARED FROM 10 POUND
CRYSTALLIZED) AND AGED, AC
INGOT IN SAME MANNER AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE
3.0241 FOR 30 POUND INGOT. AGE TEMPERATUR~
f. ~

sJo/
F
t 450 1500F, 15 MIN, WQ +AGE, AC
~.
f'
t
~
0
~
AGE TEMPERAT~

950
~_/
/
/ ~

/
-t
--..., I
f:
~ 400
0
!2.
~900
lfsso
!fo
1/
I
I v
1Z
1>1
15 350
} ~
I _....
~
:1::

"'1>1=: I vI j ~ 1100

~ v-
0 3oo
>
250
~
300

275
u --- lL
v 1200

THIS ~:l:;rON REPRESErTATIVE ?F HAND rLL

0 4 12 16 20 24 1
AGING TIME - HOURR 0 4 8 12 16 20 24
AGING TIME- HOURS
FIG. 1.065 EFFECT OF AGING TIME A.'lD TEMPERATURE
ON HARDNESS OF SOLUTION TREATED SHEET FIG. 1.067 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON
OF COMPOSITION CORRESPONDING TO HIGH- HARDNESS OF ANNEALED SHEET 100 PERCENT
RELEASED= DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

450 Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
HOT ROLLED SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT Ti
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.011) COLD
ROLLED 25 PERCENT (0,080 INCH TO 0.060 INCH)t 8 Mo
SOLUTION TREATED 1450F, 10 MIN, AC (50 PERCENT
RECRYSTALLIZED) AND AGED, AC
8 v
AGE TEMPERATUR -1-;.,.._-..;----J_~ 2 Fe
F
3 AI
900
I
gj Ti- 8Mo-
w
~a5or-----;r----~------4-~---+----~T-----~ 8V-2Fe-3AI

l2=
w
~
!;:

FlG. 1.068 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON liARD-

NESS OF 25 PERCENT COLD ROLLED SIIEET 50 PERCENT
RECRYSTALLIZED. (4)

Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fc-3Al
HOT ROLLED SIIEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.011) COLD
ROLLED 25 PERCENT (0. 080 INCH TO 0. 060 INCH )*,
SOLUTION TREATED 1500F, 10 MIN, AC (100 PERCENT
400 r RECRYSTALLIZED) AND AGED, AC

AGE TEMPERA/
TURE- F

so11

I ...--- 1000
~
/
/ ~ :::---
v
1----
800./
,.
/

-~
~ 1200

REfRESENTAr OF lLL STRl~
250
0 4 8 12 16 20 24
AGING TIME- HOURl

FlG. 1.069 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON

HARDNESS OF 25 PERCENT COLD ROLLED SHEET
100 PERCENT RECRYSTALLIZED. (4)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED DECEMBER 1970

T1-8Mo-S V-2Fe-3A l
Ti HOT ROLLED SHEET (PREP ED FROM 500 POUND INGOT
450 MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIB ED IN TABLE 4.011) COLD
8 Mo ROLLED 50 PERCENT (0.080 INCH TO 0.040 INCH)*,
8 v SOLUTION TREATED 1400F, 10 MIN, AC (50 PERCENT
RECRYST ALLIZED ) AND AGED, AC
2 Fe
3 AI ~
8 400 1---j- --,.,r- -1--- +
L------'o
::.:
Ti - 8Mo- !.
8V-2Fe-3AI~
c
~3501---~-----+--~~----~----+----4
=
11l00

220r------~--------r-------~--
----~
1200
Ti-8Mo-8 V-2Fe-3A l I
0.050 INCH SHEET PREPARE D FROM SINGL~ /
30 POUND INGOT AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE'--/!-~-1
*REPRES ENTATIV E OF MILL STRIP 210
3.0241.
STRENGT H AND HARDNESS VARIA-
250L---~--~-----~---
-~------~----~
0 4 8 12 ,. .. 1.1; 20 21
AGING TIME - HOURS

FIG. 1.0610 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERA TURE

ON HARDNESS
OF 50 PERCENT COLD ROLLED SHEET 50 PERCENT
RECRYST ALLIZED . (4) 180 f----- +---- -1--T --f-f --t--- ---1

TI-8Mo-8 V- 2 Fe-3Al
IIOT ROLLED SHEET (PREPAR ED FROM 500 POUND INGOT
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIB ED IN TABLE 4.011) COLD
ROLLED 50 PEHCENT (0.080 INCH TO 0,040 INCH)*,
SOLUTION TREATED 1500F, 10 MIN, AC (100 PERCENT
RECRYST ALLIZED ) AND AGED, AC
AGE TEMPER ATURE- F

~ 3501- --+-
...l

~
0
e
110 L-------~-------L--------~------~
250 aon aso 400 450
VICKERS HARDNESS (10 KG LOAD)

FIG. 1.0612 STATISTI CAL RELATIONSJIIP BETWEE N HARDNES

S
AND STRENGT H FOR SHEET. (3)

4 8 12 16 20 24
AGING TIME - HOURS

FIG. 1.0611 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERA TURE i:

ON J
HARDNESS OF 50 PERCENT COLD ROLLED SHEET
100 PERCENT RECRYST ALLIZED . (4) '-"
 RELEASED 0ECEMBER 1970
1
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

l i
\._../ Ti-BMo-BV-2Fe-3Al I 1
HOT ROLLED SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT Ti
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.0U)COLD
90 f- ROLLED 25 PERCENT (O.OBO INCH TO 0.060 INCH)* - 8 M<
+ 1450F, 10 MIN, AC (50 PERCENT RECRYSTALLJZED)
+ 900F B HR, AC
8 v
BO
NaCl COATED SUSTAINED-LOAD
TENSILE TPECIMENS
2 Fe
70 3 AI
I FAlLED DURING 200 HR
EXPOSURE
~ 60 0 PASSED 200 HR EXPOSURE
BUT STRESS CORRODED Ti- 8M
I STRESS 0 NO STRESS CORROSION
gj 50
1&1 '
~RROSION- DURING 200 HR
EXPOSURE
8V-2Fe-~

~ 40
~
1&1
=
iSS~ ~
~ 30

~ NO
20 CORROSION

10 ~
* REPR,SENTATIVE OF MJLIL STRIP
0
600 BOO 1000
EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 2.033 HOT SALT STRESS CORROSION BEHAViOR OJ,' SIMULATED

MILL STRIP SOLUTION TREATED (50 PERCENT
RECRYSTALLJZED) AND AGED. (4)

T1-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al I 1
HOT ROLLED SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT
f- MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TAIIJ,E 4.011) COLD
ROLLED 25 PERCENT (0.080 INCH TO O.OuO INCH)*,
90
f- + 1450F, 10 MIN, AC (50 PERCENT RECRYSTALLJZED) _
+ llOOF, 24 HR, AC
NaCl COATED SUSTAINED-LO~

F~::::::::
BO

e EXloSURE
70 Ia PASSED 200 HR EXPOSURE BUT -
STRESS CORRODED
0 NO STRESS CORROSION DURING
~GO 200 HR EXR>SURE -
I STRESS
~50
' CORROSION

~
1&1 40 ~~
!5en
~ 30 ~
~
~
~
20 ~
NO STRESS
~ jl-
10
CORROSION
I
REPRESENTATIVE OF :r.nLL STRIP
0
600 BOO 1000
EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE- F
( FlO. 2.034 HOT SALT STRESS CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF SIMULATED
MILL STRIP SOLUTION TREATED (50 PERCENT RECRY-
' STALlJZEDl AND STABJLIZATION AGED. 14l
~;
~
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASEODECEMBERI970

Ti
8 Mo
8 v
2 Fe
3 AI

Ti- 8Mo-
8V-2Fe-3AI

T1-8Mo-8V-2Fc-3Al
0.050 INCH SHEET PREPARED FROM 30 POUND INGOT AS DESCRlBED IN TABLE 3.0241
220 15001', 15 MIN, WQ +AGE, AC
TRANSVERSE DIRECTION

200

200

180
,_

160 ~
I

AGE TEMPERATURE 140 rt'><

F
0 UN AGED l20
0 800

0
850
900 100
950
0 1000

0
0

UNAGED l 5 10 50 100
AGING TIME - HOURS

FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION
TREATED SHEET. (3)

i
\
 REL~ASED 1 DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al
0.060 INCH SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT Ti
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.011)
ANNEALED 1285F, 4 HR, FC TO 1000F, AC*,ILUTION 8 Me
TREATED 1475F, 1/2 HR, AC (50 PERCENT
250 1- RECRYSTALLIZED) AND AGED, AC I 8 v
*THIS ANNEALED CONDITION REPRESENTATiVE OF 2 Fe
HAND MILL SHEET.
I 3 AI
~ --..s
v~
200 250
-II"
I FTu- Ti- 8M
:::>
rt'
150
__.,
""" <;~
.. 8V-2Fe-~
__.., 200

~/ ~

100
p
FTY

AGE TEMPERATURE- F
900 1100
"\.,. '
- .. 150 ""'
I
><
E'<

0 0 L
20
T
100

/
~~
~
c(2 IN)
--
~~
......

Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al I I
1-0.060 INCH SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND lNGOT
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.011)
0 --
8 16 24 ANNEALED 1285F, 4 HR, FC TO 1000F, AC*, SOLUTION
AGING TIME - HOURS TREATED 1525F, 1/2 HR, AC (100 Pi::RCENT
RECRYSTALLIZED) AND AGED, AC
FIG. 3.0215 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AT 900 AND 1100F ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED, SIMU- 250 1 - -
AGE TEMPERATURE- F
LATED HAND MILL SHEET 50 PERCENT RE- 800 900 1100
CRYSTALLIZED. (4) 0 0 0 L

200
T.
_,.,,., It' 250

:FTU/

/
I
:::>
t 150 I. .
200
I!J /J !iJ
:<:
I
:-<
100 / !-FTY
150
t
* TillS ANNEALED CONDITION REPRESENTATIVE OF
HAND 1\ULL SHEET.

20 100

c(21N)

0
8 16 24
AGING TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.0216 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AT 800, 900, AN'D llOOF ON

TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED, SIMULATED
HAND MILL SHEET 100 PERCENT RECRYSTAI,LIZED. (4)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: DECEMBER 1970

Ti-8Mo-8 V-2Fe-3A l
Ti HOT ROLLED SHEET (PREPAR ED FROM 500 POUND INGOT
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4. 011) COLD
8 Mo ROLLED 25 PERCENT (0.080 INCH TO 0.060 INCH)*,
8 v SOLU'riON TREATED 1450F, 10 MIN, AC (50 PERCENT
RECRYrT ALLIZED ) AND A ED, AC
2 Fe 250
AGE TEMPERATURE - F
1
3 AI 800 900 1100
0 0 0 L
T
_z-f. IL...._
Ti- 8Mo- 200 250

~
~
BV- 2Fe-3A I ~ 1i'--
::> FTU-
rt
150
,_ 200

100
-1
"'
7:nJ' '\,.
150
E
I

*REPRES ENTATIV E OF MILL STRIP

20
100

c(2 IN)

_(j

II
u
Ti-8Mo-S V-2Fc-3A l , l
HOT ROLLED SHEET (PREPAR ED FROM 500 POUND ING01
_I
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRmED IN TABLE 4.011) COLD
0
ROLLED 25 PERCENT (0.080 INCH TO 0.060 INCH)*,
16 24 SOLUTION TREATED 1500F, 10 MIN, AC (100 PERCENT
AGING TIME - HOURS
RECRYfT ALLIZED ) AND A?ED, AC
FIG. 3.0217 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AT 800, 900, AND llOOF
ON
TENSILE PROPERT IES OF 25 PERCENT COLD ROLLED,
SIMULATED MILL STRIP 50 PERCENT RECRYSTALLIZED.
250
AGE TtMPERA TURE - F
900 1000 1100
I
0 t::. 0 L
(4)
T

rl
200 iii
,_ 250

~~
"-i
I ? I

t 150
200
L

t' ~
-- I

100
FTY- (
150
~
\ I.

*REPRES ENTATIV E OF MILL STRIP

..
20 100

- c(2 IN)
..,.
l
I
I

r- ~ I
l
0
8
~
f' !
I
16 24
AGING TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.0218 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AT 900, 1000, AND UOOF

ON
-
l
TENSILE PROPERT IES OF 25 PERCENT COLD ROLLED,
SIMlTLATED MILL STRIP 100 PERCENT RECRYBT ALLIZED
.(4)
 RELEASED: DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al I I
HOT ROLLED SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT Ti
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED !N TABLE 4.011) COLD
ROLLED 50 PERCENT (0. 080 INCH N 0, 040 INCH)*, 8 Mo
SOLUTION TREATED 1400F, 10 MIN, AC (50 PERCENT
RECRYfALLIZED) AND AGED, AC
1
8 v
250
AGE TEMPERATURE- F I 2 Fe
800 900 1100 1200
3 AI
..
0 0 0 v L

200
T
...ll ~
250
.--u Ti- 8Mo-
~ ;'!'~ ~
I
:::> FTU 8V-2Fe-3AI
rt
150
d_
__..,.
. 200
I
~ 1L
fFTY
~
";J7 ll;r ~
I

~
100 150
til

---'i u *REPRESENTATIVE OF MILL STRIP

20 100

___, it- e(2 IN) Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al .1. _j_

tlioT ROLLED SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT

(._... ' 0
-
8
.
16
----
AGING TIME - HOURS
E?-

24
250
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.011) COLD
ROLLED 50 PERCENT (0.080 INCH TO 0.040 INCH)*,
SOLUTION TREATED 1500F, 10 MIN, AC (100 PERCENT
RECRYSTALLIZED) AND AGED, AC

AGE
800
T~MPERATURE-
900 1100
F
1200
I
.. I.
0 0 0 'il L
FIG. 3.0219 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AT 800, 900, 1100, AND 1200F
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF 50 PERCENT COLD ROLLED, ..,. 200
T
250

v
_/I
SIMULATED MILL STRIP 50 PERCENT RECRYSTALLIZED. !!!
(4) I
I

:::>
rt JFTu....,P
150 200

1
100

-~~
_/ FTY
v
" 7

150
I

E
7 *REPRESENTATIVE OF MILL STRIP

100

20

- - e( 2 IN)

- IlL

I
8 16 24
AGING TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.02110 EFFECT OF AGING 1IME AT 800, 900, 1100, AND

',,__.. 1200F ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF 50 PERCENT
COLD RIJLLED, SIMULATED MILL STRIP 100
PERC:.:NT RECRYSTALLIZED, (4)
 . , . _ -~~--.._, ~...._&..VIV

,
Ti-8Mo-B V-2Fe-3A l
Ti !QUARE BARS FORGED FROM 1800 POUND INGOT AS
Ti-8Mo-B V-2Fe-3A l l .J
0.256 INCH DIAMETER WillE(FA STENER STOCK)
1
DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4. 012
8 Mo 210 COLD ROLLED 9 PERCEN T+ 1450r 15

1
1475F, 1 HR, WQ + 1000F, 8 HR, AC AC +_
AG~B HR, AC
8 v 190~------------~--------------4---
----------~
190
2 Fe
"- ~~ !'-..
ROO] TEMPERA TURE TESTS
3 AI
170 FTU

~
Ul
:.:
150 "'~
FTY~
to-.

130
"-~
""-4
180 ~~
110
60
!ij
:.:
170 .....
I
>< !!;
40 RA
.....--
/~ ...----' t-
f-< ~

"" 0
1>:
~ 20

~~
160 A.
...... _.J
-' c:::--'
0
900 1000 1100 1200 1300
AGING TEMPERA TURE - F

FIG. 3. 02116 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERA TURE ON

ROOM TEMPERA TURE TENSILE PROPERT IE:i
OF COLD ROLLED PLUS SOLUTION TREATED
AND AGED FASTENER STOCK. (8)

0
2 3
HEAT TREATED SECTION SIZE- INCHES
4 C.. .J
FIG. 3.02113 EFFECT 0-" HEAT TREATED SECTION SIZE ON
TENSILE
PROPERT U:S OF UNDillECTIONALLY FORGED BARS. (1)

Ti-8Mo-8 V-2Fe-3A l I _I l J
0. 256 INCH DIAMETER WffiE (FASTENEH STOCK)

160
1- 1200F, 8 HR, ACI
ROOM TEMPERA TURE TESTS
l
COLD ROLLED 9 PERCEN T+ 1450F, 15 MIN, AC +
J
150

~ 140
FTu
II! Tl-8Mo-8 V-2Fe-3A l 1 1
CLOSED DIE FORGING (SEE TABLE 3.02115 FOR CON--
FIGURATION, PRODUCTION DETAILS AND SMOOTH
TENSILE PROPERT IES,)
I J

130 FTY
I II 80
1475F, l HR, WQ + 1000F, 8 HR, AC IN FULL SECTION
SIZE.

120
40
RA
c
1\ ~PECIMEN: 0.250 INCH MINIMUM DIAMETER, ,._
TAPERED T~ST SECTIOr lfNGITU DINALLY
I\ 70 1- POLISHED
!ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE: R =-1, A=OO
FREQUENCY: 8000 CPM I
100 200 300 400 500 GOO
150 HR EXPOSURE TEMPER ATURE- F
700
1Q5
I
106
-
FIG. 3.02122 EFFECT OF 150 HOUR EXPOSURE TO ELEVATE CYCLES TO FAILURE
D
TEMPERA TURES ON ROOM TEMPERA TURE TENSILE FIG. 3.051 ROOM TEMPERA TURE ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE
PROPERT IES OF COLD ROLLED PLUS SOLU'fiON STRENGTH OF SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED
TREATED AND AGED FASTENER STOCK. (8) CLOSED DIE FORGING. (2)

CODE 3721
 RELEASED DECEMBER 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I.,_). Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe- 3Al Ti

HOT ROLLED SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.011) COLD 8 Mo
70 ROLLED 25 PERCENT (0. 080 INCH TO 0.060 INCH) + 1450 ,
10 MIN, AC (50 PERCENT RECRYSTALLIZ ED)+ 900F, 8 v
8 H , AC
60 AXIAL FATIGUE: 2 Fe
3 AI
50

Ti- 8Mo-
8V-2Fe-3A I

'Ii-8Mo-8V-2Fe- 3Al
0.060 INCH SHEET (PREPARED FROM 500 POUND INGOT-
MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.011)
105 106
- ANNEALED 1285F, 4 HR, FC TO 1000F, AC, SOLUTION-
CYCLES TO FAILURE TREATED 1475F, 1/2 HR, ~C (50 PERCENT RECRYSTAL-
LIZED) AND AGED, AC (
FIG. 3.052 ROOM TEMPERATURE MlLD NOTCH FATIGUE
STRENGTH OF 25 PERCENT COLD ROLLED, 1GE TEI\!PERATUREI- F
SIMULATED MILL STRIP SOLUTION TREATED
(50 PERCENT RECRYSTALLIZED) AND AGED. (4) 20
900 1100
L
-
0 0

E
T

~0 - _11>
~=-
15
0 ~
~ THIS ANNEALED CONDITION REPRESENTATI VE OF
HAND MILL SHEET. -
(SEE FIGURE 3.0215 FOR BALANCE OF TENSILE
10 PROPERTIES) (RESULTS ESSENTIALLY THE SAME FOR
-MATERIAL 100 PERCENT RECRYSTALLIZED (SOLUTION
-._........ TREAT ED 1525F, 1/2 HR, AC) AND AGED)
1
8 16 24
AGING TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.0624 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AT 900 AND llOOF ON

ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE ELASTIC MODULUS
OF ANNEALED, SIMULATED HAND MlLL SHEET
50 PERCENT RECRYSTALLIZED. (4)

Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe- 3Al
0.050 INCH SHEET PREPARED FROM 30 POUND INGOT AS DESCRIDED IN TABLE 3.0241.
16 1500F, 15 MIN, WQ + AGE, AC
TRANSVERSE DffiECTION

AGE TEMPERATURE
0
0
F
~ 0 UNAGED
0 800
E 850
0 900
950
A 1000

1 10 100
AGING TIME - HOURS

FIG. 3.0623 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE
ELASTIC MODULUS OF SOLUTION TREATED SHEET. (3)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASEDDECEMBER 1970

Ti T1-8Mo -8V-2F e-3Al

SQUARE BARS FORGED FROM 1800 POUND INGOT
8 Mo DESCRIBED IN TABLE 4.012
AS

8 v 1475F, 1 HR, WQ + 1000F, 8 HR, AC

2 Fe
3 AI
E, STATIC
Ti- 8Mo-
8V-2 Fe-3 AI
2 3 4
HEAT TREAT ED SECTION SIZE- INCHES

FIG. 3. 0627 EFFEC T OF HEAT TREATED SECTIO

N SIZE ON ROOM
TEMPE RATUR E TENSILE ELASTIC MODULUS
OF
FORGED BARS.
Ti-8Mo -8V-2F c-3Al (1)
HOT ROLLED SHEET (PREPA RED FROM 500
POUND
INGOT MILL PROCESSED AS DESCRIBED IN TABLE
4.011) COLD ROLLED 25 PERCE NT (0.080 INCH
TO
0.060 INCH)*, SOLUTION TREATED 1450F, 10
MIN,
1- AC (50 PERCE NT RECRYSTALLIZED) AND AGED,
AC

AGE TEMPE RATUR E- F

20
800 900 1100-
E 0 0 0 L
T_

!i1
~ 15
0
0
:::
!
' 'I!
* HEPRESENTATIVE OF MILL STRIP.
(SEE FIGURE 3.0217 FOR BALANCE OF TENSIL
E -
PROPERTIES) (RESU LTS ESSENTIALLY THE
SAME
10 1- FOR MATER IAL CONDITIONS REPRESENTED IN -
FIGURES 3.0218 THROUGH 3.02110 ) \.
I
8 16 24
AGING TIME- HOURS
FIG. 3.0625 EFFEC T OF AGING TIME AT 800,
900, AND HOOF ON
ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE ELASTIC MODUL
US
OF 25 PERCE NT COLD ROLLE D, SIMULATED
MILL
STRIP 50 PEHCE NT RECRYSTALLIZED.
(4) REFER ENCES

1. Bohanek, E., "Heat Treatab ility o! IM1 680, Beta

and Ti-8Mo -8V-2F e-3Alln Heavy Section s," TMCA
m
Tcchnic nl fteport No. 31 (June 10, 1968).
2. Greenle e, M. L. "Evalua tion of TI-8Mo -8V-2F
c-3Al
Die Forging , Wyman -Gordo n Compa ny," TMCA
Case
study M-161 (Febru ary, 1969).
3. Hunter, D. B., "Screen ing and Selectio n of Candid
ate
Sleet Alloys - F1nnl Report, Part ll," TMCA (Dccem
bel'
1966).
4. Hunter, D. B., "Metas table Beta Sleet Alloy TI-8Mo
-
.BV-2F e-3Al - Final Technic al Report, Part I,"
TMCA
(Octobe r 1966).
5. 11
ASTM Tentati ve Method of Test for Plane Strain
Frac-
ture Toughn ess or Metalli c Materi als, E 399-70
T, II
ASTM Book of Standar ds, Part 31 (1970).
G. Private commu nication with M. L. Greenle e of
TMCA,
West Caldwe ll, New Jersey .
7. Private commw l.\cation with J. ParUdg c of TMCA,
Toronto , Ohio.
8. von Ticsenh ausen, E., and McAlli ster, R. C., 11
Pbysl-
cal Metallu rgy and Sleet Proper ties of Ti-6Al -2&-4Z
r-
6Mo and Ti-8Mo -8V-2F e-3Al," present od at ASM
Spring
Semina r, San Diego, Callior nia (May 12-13, 1969).
9. Bohanek, E., "New Develo pments ln Titaniu m
Alloys
for Heavy Section s," present od at TMS Meeting
, Detroit ,
Michigan (Octobe r 16, 1968).
10. Private commu nicatio n with D. B. Hunter of TMCA,
Hender son, Nevada.
11. Private commu nicatio n with E. von TiesenhautJen
or
TMCA, Hender son, Nevada .

r.nnc-
 RELEASED: MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AUTHOR: J.L. SHANNON

GENERAL

[;]
1. TABLE 1 041
Titanium castings have been produced commercially Source Precision Castr>arts Corporation 12
since the early 1960's. Most have been of static struc- Weight Percent
tural components, but applications invoiving rotating Minimum Maximum
parts such as impellers, radial flow compressor wheels, Aluminum 5.50 6.75
and stub shafts are presenUy being considered (9). De- Vanadium 3.50 4.50
sign shapes that have been produced for aerospace ap- Iron - o:3o
plications include some impellers, brackets, window
frames, hubs and bearing housings (11).
Carbon
Oxygen
-- 0.10
0.20 Ti-6AI-4V
Hydrogen - 0.015 Cast
For cemparable heat-treated conditions, Ti-6Al-4V
castings exhibit the same or somewhat lower strength,
Nitrogen
Other Elements*
-- 0.07
0.40
ductility, creep rupture and fatigue strengths, and ele- Titanium Balance
vated temperature stability than their w:rought counter- * Need not be reported.
part!~,
(see 1. 083 for preparation of metal for pouring)
The feeding of this alloy is less than that ,of steel cast-
ing alloys and repair welding Is frequenUy required. 1.042 User's specified composition, Table 1. 042.
Most of the data presented were obtained from castings
which contained sound repair welds. The data indicate
that repair welding, If done properly, has no perceptible TABLE 1 042
Source AVCO Corporation, Lycominr. Division (1)
influence on mechanical properties. Recults from cast-
ings with obviously defective repair w~?.ds have not been Weight Percent
included since such castings would normally be with11eld Minimum Maximum
from service. Aluminum 5.50 6.75
Vanadium 3.50 4.50
1. 01 Commercial Designation Iron - 0.30
6Al-4V Titanium Alloy, Cast. Carbon - 0.10
Oxygen - 0.20
1. 02 Alternate Designations Hydrogen
Nitrogen
-- 0.012li
0.05
Ti-6Al-4V, Cast; OMC 165-A; OMC 164-B.
Other Elements* - 0.40
Titanium Balance
1.03 Specifications
: * Need not be reported.
Table 1.03.
' I(see 1. Ob3 for preparntlon of metal for pouring)

1.05 Heat Treatment

TABLE 1 03
Alloy Tl-6Al-4V, Cast
Form investment Castings
;COnditiOn :;pecwcauon
As-cast AVCO Corporation, Lycoming Dlvl-
slon, Specification M3407, Novem-
ber 30, 1966
As-cast or annealed 1300 to Precision Castparts Corporation,
1550F, 1 to 8 hours In Inert Specification TD-TCD-1, AprU
atmosphere or vacuum, cool in 29, 1968
inert atmosphere
Annealed 1525 to 1575F, 2 to 4 LTV Aerospace Corporntlon, Vought
hours, air cool Aeronautics Division, Speclficntlon
207-4-401
Boeing Airplane Company Material
Specification BMS 7-181*
Lockheed Material, Specification
C-03-1069*
Copy of specification unavallable to author at time of writing.
(see also Tl-6Al-4V, Alloy Code 3707)
1.051 Anneal, 1300 to 1550F, 1 to 8 hours, AC.
1.052 Solution treat and age. Recommended solution treating
and aging schedules have not yet been established. How-
ever, some developmental results are now nvallable.
Figure 3. 0216 shows that solution temperatures high in
the alpha-beta region .result in increased strength but
reduced ductility, and Figure 3.0217 shows that beta
solution treating results In a reversion to low strength
at aging temperatures of 1000 to HOOF with no improve-
ment in ductility, Aging between 900 and 1100F provides
only a modest range of achievable strength levels (Fig-
ures 3.0217 and 3.0218 and Table 3.0219). Quench de-
lay time after solution treating In excess of 10 to 15
seconds produces lowerod tensile properties with in-
crensod ductility (9)(6).
1.053 Snlvage bent treatment. The strength of this alloy lf.l
markodly lafluenced by Its oxygen content. As shown In
Fl~r.u-e 3.03113, oxygen variations of as lltUe as 0.01
weight percent can alter the strength by 1000 to 1500 psi.
Master bents with oxygen levels below 0.13 weight per-
cent often do not meet mtalmum strength requirements
for the annealed condition. Tbest' beats require a sal-
vage bent treatment of the type developod for forgings
worked above the beta transus (9): 1750F, 1 hour,
WQ + 1300F, 2 hours, AC.
1.0531 Effect of sal\'llge bent treatment on the room tempera-
ture tensile (>roperties of annealed, low oxygen cast-to-
size specimens, Table 3.02110,

1. OG Hardness
AtUlealed condition, 311 BHN (3000 kg load) (3).

1.07 Forms and Conditions Avallnble

Castings available In as-cast, annealod, and solution
treated and ngod conditions.

1.04 Composition 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice

1.041 Casting manufacturer's proposod specified composition, 1.081 Design parameters for precision castings for two cast-
Table 1.041. Ing manufacturers, Table 1. 081
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 1970

G)
TABLE 1 081 using optical pyrometers impossible. At least one
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast attempt to use a thermocouple measurement of melt
Form Precision Castings temperature was unsuccessful, but for unknown reason
Source Precision Castparts Howmet Corporation, (13). Presently the average melt temperature is com-
Corporation (6) Misco Division (10) puted from the total energy Input, and the heat distri-
Linear Tolerances Length::s11nch . o. 010 . 0. 005 inch per bution derived from the volume and temperature of the
Inch per Inch inch mlnlmum crucible coolant (9). Heat Input Is closely controlled
Ti-6AI-4V Length>1lnch . 0.015 by current and voltage settings to provide consistency
inch per inch among melts.
Cost 1.083 Master beats. Castings are poured either from re-
Section Thickness 0.060 Inch minimum 0.115 inch.:!: 0.015 melted master boat metal or directly from the master
wall Inch mlnlmum wall heat (1)(2). A master beat is metal of a single furnace
charge multiple melted using consumable electrode
Fillet Radii 1 to 2 1/2 times the nd- o. 030 inch.:!: o. 015 practice, at least one of tho melting cycles being per-
jolnlng section thicknesE Inch mlnlmum formed under vacuum. Gatos, sprues, risers andre-
jected castings may be used In the preparation of a mas-
Corners and Edges 0.030 lnch.0.030 Inch 0.030 Inch.:!: o. 015 tor heat but may not be remelted directly, without re-
inch minimum fining, for pouring of castings (1)(2). Castings are
poured without loss of protective vacuum or Inert gas
Draft Preferred, 2 degrees Preferred, 3 degrees atmosphere between melting and pouring.
Core Limits: 1.09 Special Considerations
Supported Both Ends 1.091 Metal-mold reaction. 1n common with unalloyed titanium
Length 4 x diameter maximum 3 x diameter maximum and other titanium alloys, Ti-6Al-4 V may react with
Diameter 0.100 Inch minimum 0.250 Inch minimum mold materials producing a contaminated surface layer
Supported one End which is dependent on time, temperature, and the pre-
Length 3 x diameter maximum 2 x diameter maximum sence of the contaminating Interstitial elements car-
Diameter 0. 200 inch minimum 0.250 Inch mlnlmum bon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. The layer is
sometimes called "alpha case" (usually oxygen stabilized)
Surface Quality 125 RMS or better 90 to 125 RMS and Is extremely brittle, being as much as 20 RC higher
in hardness than the uncontaminated base metal (6).
Size of Casting 12 Inch depth, 20 Inch 24 inch x 24 Inch Two of the three largest casting manufacturers allow
diamelcr present x 24lnch metal-mold reactions to take place and subsequently
42 inch X 50 inch X 7 chemically mill to remove contamination. Tho third
Inch length, future. casting manufacturer has developed a proprietary pro-
Weight of Casting 150 pounds max! mum cess by which he claims surface contamination is avoid-
ed, eliminating the need for subsequent processing. 1n
all instances, case-free, dimensionally-accurate cast-
1.082 Skull melting. Early attempts at melting and casting Ings arc furnished.
titanium using Induction furnaces were unsuccessful be- 1.092 Fluidity, feeding and superheating. There appears to be
cause of molten titanium 1a reactivity with, and contami- some misuse of terms In the titanium casting llternture
nation from, the furnace crucible. Noncontamlnated as regards the ability to produce a sound casting of In-
melts arc now produced by consumable electrode "skull" tricate detail. If fiuidity is defined as the distance
melting in a water-cooled or NaK-cooled copper cruci- molten metal w1ll fiow in a given mold cavity, then
ble. A skin of solid titanium, called a "skull", Is titanium may be said to possess good fluidity (6).
formed which provides a nonreactive wall between the Feeding, on tho other hand, is a term used to define the
molten titanium and the copper crucible. Melting Is distance that will be soundly filled; and In this category
done under an Inert gas or vacuum to prevent contami- titanium falls a bit short. Superheating before pouring
nation with the atmosphere. When done under vacuum, w1llimprovo feeding for most alloys. However, effoc-
100 microns maximum pressure Is clnimod to result In Uve superheating In tho consumable electrode melting
tho best arc stability and, consequently, minimal losses process cannot be accomplished because as the Input
in alloy content (9). power is Increased, the electrode consumption rate Is
increased, not the temperature of the molten pool. This,
The basic operation of skull melting is ld~ntlcal to coupled with tho narrow solidification range for Ti-6Al-
conventional consuml\ble arc molting, except that arc 4V is responsible for Its poor feeding cbaractorlstics.
power (current) requirements are about twice that of Since tho stream of metal fiowlng Into the mold !a very
r.onventlonal arc melting (9). This is so that a large near Its solidification point, progressive selidificatlon
molten pool forms rapidly and that a minimum of alloy starts immediately with liltlo chance for proper thermal
solidifies before the melt is poured (13). Tho size of gradients to sot up and produce directional solidlllcation.
the molten pool w1ll depend on melt rate, crucible size, This lends to conterllno shrl:nkago and entrapped gas
and electrode configuration. When a sufficient pool is porosity.
formed, the p<.ower Is cut, the electrode stub withdrawn,
and the charge poured Into tho mold by tilting the copper The tendency for gas formation (from an incompletely
crucible. The complete sequenc3 takes only a matter of fired expendable mold or decomposition of absorbed
minutes, with the casting portl<)n taking only seconds. water on the mo~ and tho poor feeding charactoristlos
The time from electrode withdrawal to completion of require much heavier gating and risorlng for Ti-6Al-4 V
pour is very critical due to the narrow solidification than for a comparable steel casting alloy (7)(9).
rangt' of most titanium alloys, particularly Tl-6Al-4V
(9). While many experimental details are unavallable at the
time of this writing, a recent study bas shown that poro-
Tho temperature of tho melt Is a continuous gradient sity In smooth, axtal-lond fatigue specimens does not
from the hottest region (near the arc) to the coldest apprectably lnfiuonce performance unless the porosity Is
(near the crucible wall). It is desirable to estimate the near or at tha surface of tho specimens (11). The lnfiu-
melt temperature before pouring so that the optimum enco of porosity on other material properties or of other
pouring temperature be established whereby castings typos of casting imporfectlons on any property bas not
free of laps, cold shuts, seams and mlsruns will be been Investigated. Indeed, more study is Indicated,
consistently poured (13). Direct temperature measure- particularly on the effect of casting defects on toughness,
mentIs not easily ronde. With arc furnaces, rndiatlon before extensive use of titanium castings in structural
from the arc makes precise temperature measurements applications can bo made.
 TiC
RELEASED: MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1.093 stability. For certain applications {particularly in com- TABLE 3 011

[;]
mercial aircraft), metallurgical stability is an import- Source Precision CD..!II:rulrlA Coroo ration_121
ant design consideration. Whfle no systematic investi- Alloy T1-6Al-4V, Cas1
gations have been made to establlsh the threshold com- Form Investment Cas11ng
binations of stress-time-te mperature below which the As-Cast or Annealed 1300 to 1550F,
alloy is metallurgicall y stable, very l1mited data (rabies Condition 1 to 8 Hours in Inert Atmosphere or
3.02111 and 3.02112) suggest that caution be excercised Vacuum, Coolin Inert Atmosphere
in the use of this alloy if stability is a design require- Conventional Room Temperature Tensile Properties*
ment.
1.094 stress corrosion. The results presented in section
Ftu - ksi, minimum
F - ksi nuntmum
130 Ti-6AI-4V
120
2. 031 are too l1mited to form general conclusions re- ef.ln) - ~cent, minimum 5
Cast
garding the stress corrosion characteristic s of this allO)I RA- percent, minimum 10
On the basis of the results obtained on other tltsnium Hardness RC maximum 39
alloys, however, particular attention should be given to Room "l'emperature Notched Stress Rupture
the influence of aggressive environments in the presence At 170 ksi, 5 hours minimum** ~
of cracks. Such environments include aqueous chloride
solutions and possibly certain organic solvents such as 60:A.
methanol. For some appllcatlons, as in jet 001glnes, hot
salt stress corrosion characteristic s v;ould be necessary
design information.
? ITrl1 A2 1~
1.095 Erosion. 1t has been reported that titanium erodes Ares A1 = 1/2 Ares A2 L r-o.oo5 :t o.ooo5
approximately 40 percent faster than steel in engine-
blading applications in jet engines (15). No data on this * Separately cast smooth specimens from each master heat, cast
relatively unfamUiar characteristic are available at the in manner representative of parts to be cast, or smooth specimens
time of this writing. machined from randomly seleczed castings: specimens of standard
1.096 Interstitials. (see Ti-6Al-4V, Alloy Code 3707). proportions with 0. 25 inch uniform diametar.
**Inittalload may be less than 170 ksi and increased to 170 ksiin
10 ksiincrement s at intervals of not less than 5 hours.

3.012 User's specified mechanical properties, Table 3.012.

TABLE 3 012
Source AVCO Corporation,
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Lycoming DivisionJl)
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast
2.01 Thermal Properties Form Investment casting
2.011 Melting range, 2800 to 3000F. Condition As-Cast
2.012 Phase changes. Alloy transforms on coollng from beta Conventional Room Temperature Tensile Properties*
; to alpha + beta at approximately 1825 F. Ftu - ksi, minimum 130
;I
\.,.,_/ 2.0121 Time-tempera ture-transform ation diagrams. Fty- ksi, minimum 120
2.013 Thermal conductivity. At 400F, 5.1 Btu ft per (hr sq e(4D)- percent, minimum 6.0
ft F), (see also T1-6Al-4V, Alloy Code 3707). RA- percent, minimum 12.0
2.014 Thermal expansion. From 68 to 800F, 5. 2 x lo-G
inch per Inch per F (see also Ti-6Al-4V, Alloy Code Room Temoerature Notched stress Rupture

-~1 ;,\s~~/)
3707).
2.015 SpecWc heat. At 400F, 0.137 Btu per (lb F). (see also At 170 ksi, 5 hours m1nlmum ':_
T1-6Al-4V, Alloy Code 3707).
2.016 Thermal dlliuslvlty. .2.:.!.lli
0.1865
diameter
v
=r=l _!1 -~
,.
2.02 Other Fhysical Properties 0.253
2.021 Density, O.l6llb per cu in, 4.5 gr per cu em. r = 0. 0060 .:t 0. 0005- 0':'252 diameter
2.022 Electrical properties (see Ti-GA1-4V, Alloy Code Eight separately cast smooth specimens required from each master
3707). best, cast in mannex TepresentaUve of parts to be cast: 0. 252 inch
2.023 Magnetic properties (see Ti-6Al-4V, Alloy Code 3707). to 0.253 inch diameter;.: 1.06inch minimum gage length.
2.024 Emittance (see Ti-GA1-4V, Alloy Code 3707). Smooth specimens machined from randomly selected castings:
2.025 Damping capacity. 0.155 inch to 0.1571nch diameter x 1.06inch minimum gage length.
2.03 Chemical Properties **Inittalload may be less than 170 ksi and Increased to 170 ksi in
(see also T1-6Al-4V, Alloy Code 3707) 10 ksi increments at intervals of not less than 5 hours.
2.031 Bend specimens 6.0 inch x 0.50 inch x 0.06 inch were
extrncted from the web location, longitudinal direction 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
of two cast ring segments of the typo shown in Table 3.021 Tension (see also 3.031).
3. 0212 and were exposed 1000 hours each at 80 and 100 3.0211 Typical mechanical properties for as-cast condition,
ksi nominal stress levels in both 5 percent NaCl salt
Table 3. 0211.
spray at 95F and NaCl coat at 550F with no failures or
TABLE 3 0211
apparent damage (5). Source DMIC 3)
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast
2. 04 Nuclear Properties Form Castin""
Condition As-cast
Quality Nonalrcraft Alrcran
Ftu- ksi 145 147
Fty- ksi 130 130
e- percent 8 10
E -103 ksi 17.0 17.0
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Hardness, BHN 321 311
(3000 Kg Load)
3.01 Spec1fled Mechanical Properties IE, Standard Charpy-V
3.011 Casting manufacturer' s proposed specified mechanical ft lbs 15 17
properties, Table 3. 011. *Low oxygen
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 1970

UJ]
3.0212 Teuslle properties including modulus or elasticity or
annealed cast ring segments from two heats, Table
3.0212.

TABLE 3 0212
Source LTV Aerospace Corporation, Vought Aeronautics Division (5)
Ti-6AI-4V Alloy T1-6Al-4V, Cast
Cast Form Cast Ring Segment
Condition Annealed 1550F, 2 to 4 Hours in Vacuum,.AC (a)
Tens e Prooort1es lb I
Heat A HeatB
Spread or Number Total Spread ol Number Total
Values Average or Number Values Average or Number
Castings or Castings or
Tested Tests Tested Tests
BASE - LongltwUnal, Long Transverse, and Short Transverse Directions (c)
Ftu- ksi 126.7-139. c 134.0 3 23 124.G-137.5 132.7 2 15
Fty- ksl 108.4-119.6 113.0 3 22(d) 102.1-114.9 110.2 2 15
E- 103 ksl 15.3- 18.2 16.7 3 24 14.9- 17.5 16.2 2 16
e(linch) percent 6.o- 9.0 7.3 3 23 4.o- 10.0 7.4 2 15
RA- percent 13.5- 29.6 20.6 2 7 15.8- 32.5 24.6 2 6
~ FLANGE - Longitudinal Direction
Fw- kat 136.7-146.2 142.1 3 10(e) 135.8-147.9 141.2 3 18
Fty- ksl 111.8-129. 3 121.1 3 11 111.6-128.7 119.3 3 is
E- 103 ksl 15.5- 17.6 16.6 3 13 14.9- 19.0 16.7 3 19
e(linch) percent 4.()- 11.0 6.9 3 10(e) 4.()- 14.0 7.8 3 17 (f)
WEB - Long Transverse Direction
Ftu- ksl 136.7-149.6 142.2 3 9 140.1-150.5 142.7 3 11
Fty- ksl 114.()-132.2 121.7 3 9 111.4-130.9 119.3 3 11
E- 103 ksi 15.6- 17.2 16.8 3 9 16.o- 17.7 16.7 3 11
e(linch) percent 4,o- 10.0 7.0 3 9 4.o- 11.0 7.5 3 11
(a) Annealed in full section size.
(b) All values determined using Cl.at specimens, except RA values, which were determined from
separate round specimens.
(o) No directionality observod.
(d) Load-displaceme nt curve incomplete !or one test.
(e) Ono specimen !alled outside test section.
(f) Not determined for one specimen.

CAST RING SEGMENT

Long Transverse

22.5
t:~~~~
WEB

.-c _,.B 2 Transverse

D II ~ ~
'-B._A
~Qi=

1fi::,.,,l'iFf"
"'-~ r) ~~.,,
'-C

0.18(0.40) .7
0.25(0.40)
D

FLANGE
~--~--s-
= [[C ,2.901--L- u

D-D c-c B-B A-A

Unbracketsd !lange and web dimensions are !or co.at-to-size ring segment; bracketed !lange and web dimensions
are !or cast "oversize" ring segment. Results presented were obtained using specimens from ring segments of
both sizes.

TEST SPECIMENS

~
t0.25R
0 fo.25 l
r1.07 1- 1.25 =I
or
Flat 0.12 Round
 Ill,
RELEASED: MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.0213 Tensile properties o as-cast, annealed, aud solution 3.0219 Effect of aging temperature on tensile properties of

[JJ
treated and aged cnstlngn from three casting manu- casL-to-slze specimens, Table 3. 0219.
facturers, Table 3.0213.
TABLE 3 0219
Source Precision Castparte Corporation (9)
TABT.F. 3 02.1:!. Alloy Ti-GAl-4 V, Cast
Source Lockheed-Gcorl!i a Comoan_y_(8) Form Cast-to-Size Specimens
Alloy TI-6Al-4V, Cast Condition 1725F, 1 Hour In Argon, 15 Second
Form Precision Castings Quench Delay, WQ + ARe Ti-6AI-4V
Room Temperature Tensile Propertie" Room Temperature Tensile Cast
Ftu
I Fty I e(1 loeb)I Aging
Properties

:z
RA
Condition ksi ksi I percent I percent cmpcraturc 'l'lme Ftu e(11nch) RA
Casting Manufacturer Number 1 (a)(b) F Hours ksl oercent oercent
As-Cast 950 2 178.9 163.3 3.()

I I I
139 127 6.1 15.2 5.1
Annealed (c) 134 126 6.6 21.6 1000 4 173.3 160.4 3.7 5.0
Solution Treated + Age (d) 162 152 3.7 12.2 1100 4 170.0 158.2 4.4 6.1
Casting Manufacturer Number 2 e)(l) Cast to 5/8 Inch dllliDcter blnnks and machined to 0. 252 Inch
Solution Treat + Age (d) 156 136 3.0 dinmeter specimens.
3.1
Casting Manufacturer Number 3 (g)(h) Each value average of two tests.
So!utiDll Trent + Age (d)
I 152 I 140 I 8.0 I -
(n) 10 pound casting; section thicknesses from 0. 2 Inch to 2. 0 Inches;
0.125 Inch dill!Deter specimens selected randomly from both
thickness extremes nnd nt random orientations with respect to 3.02110 Effect of sal vnge heat treatment on tensile properties
casting geometry. of annealed, low-oxygen cast-to-size specimens,
(b) Each value average o !our teste minimum. Table 3.02110.
(c) Annealed In full section size: 1300F, 2 hours, AC.
(d) Solution treated and aged In full section size: 1750F, 25 minutes, TABLE 3 02110
WQ + 1000F, 4 hours, AC. Source Precision Castoarte Corporation (9)
(c) 1 pound casting; section thickness 0. 43 Inch; 0. 25 Inch dlll!Deter Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast
specimens, all located parallel to longitudinal wds or casting. Form Cast-to-Size Specimens
(f) Each value average of three tests. Room Tempemture Tensile
(g) 1 pound casting; section thickness 0.4 Inch In vicinity o specimen
Properties a)
extraction; 0. 25 Inch diameter specimens, all located In common
direction with respect to casting geometry.
(h) Each value average of (our teats.
Oxygen Content
Weight Percent
Ftu
Heat Treatment ksl :z e(llnch)
percent

o.113 I o.116 Anneal (b) 131.0 118.4 11.5

Each casting manufacturer used his own heat. Salvage (c) 143.9 131.6 8.3
O.ll8 I 0.124 Anncal (b) 132.3 119.4 10.7
Salvage (c) 148.4 136.9 8.1
(a) Each value average of eight tests on six master heats.
3.0214 Variation In tensile properties o five master heats !or
(b) 1300F, 2 hours, AC.
the as-cast and annealed conditions, Figure 3.0214.
(c) 1750F, 1 hour, WQ + 1300F, 2 hours, AC.
3.0215 TYPical tensile properties Cor a solution treated and
annealed condition and two solution treated and aged
conditions, Table 3.0215.

TABLE 3 0215 3.02111 Effect or exposure to elevated temperatures with load

Source Precision Cas~arte Corporation (6) on tensile properties of nnncaled cast compressor
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast casing, Table 3.02111.
Form Precision Castings_
Solution '!'rent+
condition Anneal Solution T cat + Ae:c
(a) (b) (c) TABLE 3 02111
[t'tu- Ksl 146.5 168,6 155.0 Source AVCO Corporation, Lycoming Division (4)
Fty- ksi 134.0 152.3 140.5 lll.lloY Ti-6Al-4V, Clll<t
c(4D) - percent 7.5 4.0 6.3 'Form Cast Compressor Caslnll' a
RA- purccnt 11.9 8.0 12.7 Condition Annealed 1300F 2Hours AC (b)
(a) 1735F, 1 hour In Argon, 15 second quench delay, WQ + Specimen Exposure Subsequent Room Temperature Tensile
1300F, 2 hours in Argon, AC. Conditions Properties _(c)(d)
(b) 1750F, 1 hour In Argon, 15 second quench delay, WQ + Tem~Strc~1 'l'imc Ftu Fty e(l Inch) RA
1000F, 4 hours In Argon, AC. F ksl Hours ksi ksi percent oercont
(c) 1650F, 1 hour In Argon, 15 second quench delay, WQ + Unexpos..{~veragc 143.9 131.0. 9.4 15.5
1000F, 4 hours In Argon, AC. iprcad 161.51139.5 143.11126.5 12.0/4.0 20.317.9
700 90 529.3 148.6 146.5 3.0 5.4
700 85 528.9 152.8 148.2 4.0 7.2
700 85 510.0 155.1 154.7 2.0 8.2
700 80 603.3 152.8 147.4 7.0 12.6
3,0216 Effect or solution treat temperature on tensile proper- 900 45 500.0 153.1 150.2 6.0 8.9
Ues of solution treated und aged cast-to-size speclmeDI!
Figure 3.0217.
3.0217 Effect or solution lrcat und aging temperatures on (a) See Figure 3. 0311 Cor compressor casing (20 Inches long) and
tensile properties of cast compressor casing, Figure specimen dcl.ll1ls.
3.0217. (b) Casing annealed In Call &ection &be.
3.0218 Effect or aging temperature on tensile properties of (c) Specimens tested as exposed; surface not dressed.
three compressor casings cast from one bent, Figure (d) Unexposed values from fi!toon tests; exposed values from
3.0218. Individual tests.
TiC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 19'/0

Effect of 1000 hours exposure at 550F without load ()n 3.0221 Compressive yield strength and modulus of elasticity oC ,
3.02112 '

G] tensile properties Including elastic modulus of annealed cast ring segments from two heats, Table 3. 0221.
cast ring segment from two heats, Table 3.02112.
TABLE 3 0221
Source LTV Aerospace Corporation, Vought Aeronautics
TABLE 3 02112 Division mi
Source LTV Aerospace Corpcratlon, Vought Aeronautics Alloy TI-6Al-4V Cast
Ti-6Al-4V Division (5)
T1-6Al-4V, Cast
F.>rm Cast Rlni Segment @)
Alloy Condition Annealed 1550F, 2 to 4 Hours in Vacuum, AC (b)
Cast Form Cast Ring Segment a) Room Temperature
COndition Annen.ted 1550F, 2 to 4 Hours In Vacuum, AC (b) Specimen (c) Compressive Properties
Room Temperature Fey Ec
Tensile Properties Heat Castlnlt Lccationla Orlent:ltion Ia ksl 103 ksl
Specimen (c) Exposure Ftu E e(l!JICh) 21.6
Casting Orientation Condition ksi :..tr103ksl percent
A
A
1
1
Base
Base
Longitudinal
Long Trans
124.9
123.5 20.5
BASE (a) - Heat A A 2 Base ~ortTrans 121.9 15.8
1 Long Trans Unexposed 134.6 111.9 15.4 8.0 A 2 Base ~ortTrans 129.5 17.5
1 Long Trans Unexposed 135.4 110.0 16.5 9.0 B 1 Base Longitudinal 130.6 17.5
1 Long Trans Exposed (d) 134.5 123.0 17.1 3.0 B 1 Base Long Trans 125.6 16.9
2 Short Trans Unexposed 126.7 110.7 16.6 8.0 B 2 Base Short Trans 123.1 17.5
2 Short Trans Unexposed 138.4 (e) (e) 9.0 A 2 Flange Longitudinal 145.4 15.4
2 Short Trans Exposed (d) 140.7 125.1 16.8 7.0 B 2 Flange Longitudinal 145.4 17.4
BASE (a) - Heat B A 3 Web Longitudinal 151.4 16.9
-:I Long Trans Unexposed 135.9 112.6 16.0 9,0 3 Web Longitudinal 154.1 16.5
A
1 Long Trans Unexposed 131.6 108.5 17.5 0.0 B 1 Web Longitudinal 140.4 18.5
1 Long Trans Exposed (d) 147.4 124.8 16.8 1!,0 Web 132.4 17,1
B 1 IJ.ongitudlnal
2 Short Trans Unexposed 129.9 103.7 14.9 10.0 B 2 Web Long Trans 140.' 18.3
2 Short Trans Unexposed 136.7 112.0 15.2 7.0 B 3 Web Long Trans 136.4 16.4
2 Short Trans Unexposed 137.5 114.8 16.0 4.0
16.5 9,0 (a) Sec Table 3. 0212 !or ring segment nnd specimen orientation
2 Short Trans IEJmosed ldl 144.3 124.4 details.
FLANGE (a) - Heat A
6.0 (b) Annealed in !ull section size.
1 LongltudlnDl Unexposed 140.9 116.2 17.0 (c) Specimen 2. 70 Inches long, o. 65 Inch wide nod 0.10 Inch thick.
1 Longitudinal Unexposed 140.8 115.8 16.3 7.0
1 LongitudlnDl Unexposed 139.8 113.8 16.4 6.0
16.2 6,0 For comonratlvc tensile properties, sec Tnblo 3.0212
1 Longitudinal Unexposed 136.7 111.9
1 Longitudinal Unexposed - - 17.5 -
1 Longitudinal Unexposed 142.6 121.0 16.6 c.o
1 Longitudinal Exposed (d) 146.1 133.0 17.1 5.0
17.3 9.0 3.0222 Compressive yield strength aud modulus or elasticity of
2 Longitudinal Unexposed 143.3 120.7
2 Longitudinal Unexposed - - 16.3
16.5
-
11.0
as-cast, annealed nnd solution treated nnd aged castings
from two separate casting manufacturers, Tnble 3. 0222.
2 Longitudinal Unexposed 146.2 129.3
2 Lon~!Ludinal Exposed (d) 149.7 131.4 17.6 4.0
FLANGE a - Heat B TABLE 3 0222
1 Longitudinal Unexposed 139.5 115.8 16.7 6.0 Lockhecd-Gcorld a Companv 8
Source
1 Longitudinal Unexposed 138.9 113.7 16.8 7.0 TI-GA1-4V, Cast
Alloy
1 Longitudinal Unexposed 143.6 117.8 16.8 10.0 Form Precision Castings
1 LongitudlnDl Unexposed 137.1 111.6 15.2 7.0 Room Tcmncrnturo Prcncrtics
1 Longitudinal Unexposed 144.3 118.1 16.4 6.0 Cond!Uon Fty- ksl (a) I F cy - ksl (b) 1E 0 - 10" ksl (b)
1 Longitud!nal Unexposed 140.5 117.8 16.3 10.0
- Casting Manufacturer Number 1 (c)
1 Longitudinal Unexposed - - 17.7
127 137 16.7

I J
Longitudinal Unexposed 143.3 123.5 19.0 8.0 As-Cast
1 17.0
6.0 Anneal (d) 126 148
1 Longitudinal Unexposed 142.1 124.2 16.4
17.7 8.0 Solution TrcattAge (e) 152 179 17.2
1 Longitudinal Unexposed 138.5 112.8
4.0 Costing Mnnuf.:lcturcr Number 2 (~
1
1
Longitudinal Unexposed 142.5 128.7
Longitudinal Exposed (d) 148.3 130.1
14.!1
17,0 9.0 So_l_utlon Trent+Agc (oJI 136 I 145 I -
2 LongitudlnDl Unexposed 140.2 116.5 17.2 10.0
2 Longitudinal Unexposed 143.7 122.3 1R.O 12.0 ~ ~0.1 0

2 LongitudlnDl Unexposed 139.2 119.9 16,7 14.0

2
2
LongitudlnDl Unexposed 135.8 117.7
Longitudinal Unexposed 142.1 126.7
16.4
16.9
7.0
(f) T "'
Compression Specimen
2 Longitudinal Exposed {d) 148.3 130.1
(a) See Table 3.0212 for ring segment details.
(b) Annealed In full section size.
17.6

(c) Soc Table 3. 0212 for specimen configuration (fiat type) nod
,;.~-

I lp
orientation.
(a) Each value average of three tests minimum.
(d) Exposed 550F, 1000 hours.
(c) Incomplete load-displacemen t curve. (b) Each value overage o! two tests mln!mum.
([) Bad reading.
(c) 10 pound casting; section thicknesses from 0.2 Inch to 2.0 Inches;
opocimens selected randomly from both thickness extremes and
nt rnodom orientations with respect to casting geometry.
(d) Annealed 'In .full section size: 1300F, 2 hours, AC.
(c) Solution treated and aged In full section size: 1750F, 25 minutes,
WQ + 1000F, 4 hours, AC.
3.02113 EUect of oxygen content on tensile properties of
(!) 1 pound casting; section thickness 0. 43 Inch; all specimens
annealed cast-to-size specimens, Figure 3.02113. located parallel to longitudinal axis of casting.
3,02114. Typical room temperature strcss-stra.ln curves for
annealed cast ring segments from two heats, Figure
Cnstlngs furnished by mnnufncturer Number 1 were from dllicrent
3.02114. bent than castings furnished by manufacturer Number 2.
3. 022 Compression.
 RELEASED: MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

u standard Cbarpy-V impact energy of solutior. treated nod

[J
3.023 Impact (see also Table 3.0211). 3.0233
Standard Cbarpy- V Impact energy of annealed cast-to- aged casting, Table 3.0233.
3.0231
size specimens from two beats, Table 3.0231.

TABLE 3 0233
TABLE 3 0231 Lockheed-Geo rda Company (8)
Source
Source AVCO Corpcrntion,
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast Ti-6AI.;4
Lycoming Division (4) PrccM~ion C~tlng a
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast
I Form Cast
COndition Solution Treat + Ago (b)
Form Cast-to-Size Sneclmens IE, Standard CharJIY- V ft lbs 8.46 c
COndition Annealed 1300F 2 Hours AC* (a) 1 pound casting; section tbiclmess 0. 43 inch.
IE, Standard Cbarpy-V (b) Solution treated nod aged in full section size:
Heat Specln:cn Number ft lbs
1750F, 25 minutes, WQ + 1000F, 4 hours, AC.
A 1 19.5
(c) Single value from specimen oriented parallel to longitudinal
A 2 20.0 wds of casting.
A 3 :!0.0
.o\ 4 21.0
A 5 20.0
B 1 21.0
B 2 19.0
B 3 20.0
B 4 21.0
B 5 20.0 3.024 Bending.
*COnventional tensUe properties: 3.025 Torsion nod shear.
Heat A: Ftu =144.8 ksi, Fty 127.3 ksi, e(1incb) =
= 3.0251 Shear strength of annealed cast ring segments from two
11. 7 percent, RA =25. 8 percent heats, Table 3.0251.
= =
lleat B: Ftu 145.1 ksi, Fty 132.7 ksi, e(llnch)=
10.5 percent, RA =2i.6 percent TAlH.F. ~.O?.fi1

Source LTV Aerospace Ccrpcrntlon, Vought

Aeronautics Division 15)
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast
Form CastRingfli!gmont (Ill
conaltlon Ann0iil001550 F 2 to 4 l!ours In Vacuum A (b)
Heat Casting F su (c)(d) - ksl
A 1 93.9
A 2 95.3
3. 0232 Standard Charpy- V impact energy of annealed cast ring A 3 95.3

--~.u-~''"rT
segments from two heats, Table 3. 0232. B 1 94,4
B 2 102.5

Source
TABLE 3 0232
LTV Aerospace Corporation, Vought Aeronautics
Division (5)
~ /~0.25 $
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast
Cast Ring segment (a) 3.00 -ll-o.1o
ll''orm
Colld!Uon Annealed 1550F, 2 to 4 Hours in Vacuum;'Ac (b' (a) see Tiible 3. 0212 for ring segment details.
Room Temperature Properties (b) Annealed in full section size.
IE,Std Charpy-V (c) Flange location, longitudinal direction (sec Table 3.02141).
~7
Specimen Specimen
Heat Cnsting LocaUon(a) Oriontntion(a) ft lbs (d) Values average of from two to seven tests for each casting.
A 1 Base l.Dng Trans 111.9 19.0 Soc Table 3. 0212 for cotTespendlng conventional tonsUc properties.
A 1 Base l.Dng Trans 110.0 16.0
A 1 Base Short Trans 114.9 15.0
A 1 Base Short Trans 110.9 15.0
A 2 Base l.Dngl tudinal 110.2 18.0
A 2 Base l.Dngltudinal 111.8 -
A 2 Base l.Dng Trans 111.1 16.0
A 2 Base Short Trans 110.7 18.0 3.0252 Double shear strength of solution treated nod aged cast-
B 1 Base Short Trnns 114.3 15.0 ing, Table 3.0252.
B 1 Baae Short Trans 102.1 15.0
B 2 Base l.Dngltudinnl 104.8 21.0
B 2 Bnse l.Dngltudinal 108.5 -
B 2 Base l.Dng Trans 110.4 18.0
B 2 Bnso l.DngTrnns 110.9 19.0
B 2 Base l.Dng Trans 114.9 17.0
B 2 Base Short Trans 103.7 14.0
B 2 Brule Short Trnns 112.0 -
B 2 Base Short Trnns 114.8 -
A 1 Finnge l.Dngltudinal 111.9-121. O(c) 14.0
B 1 Flange l.DnKttudlnal 111.6-128. 7(d) 14.0
(a) Soc Table 3. 0212 for ring segment nod specimen orienllltlon
dotnils.
(b) Annealed in full secUor. ~izc.
(_ (c) Range of values from five tests.
(d) Range of values from ten tests.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 1970

3.026 Bearing. 3.027 Stress concentration. '\....

3.0261 Bearing strength of annealed cast ring segments from 3.0271 Notch properties.
two beats, Table 3. 0261. 3.02711 Mild-notch strength of annealed cast ring segments from
I two beats, Table 3.02711.
[ ]
v
Ti-6AI-4V
Cast TABLE 3 0261
Source LTV Aerospace Corporation, Vought
Aeronautics Division 15)
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast TABLE 3 02711
Form Source LTV Aerospace Corporation, Vought Aeronautics
Cast Ring Segment (a)
Condition Annealed 1550F 2 to 4 Hours in Vacuum, AC (b] Division (5)
Heat Casting Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Caat
FJ>ru(c)(d) - ksi Fbrv(c)(d)- ksi Form Cast RingSegment {a
A 1 283.u 224.6
Condition Annealed 1550F, 2 to 4 Hours in Vacuum, AC lii)
A 2 279.4 227.7
A 3 253.3 209.1 1Room Te.mperature Properties
Casting Specimen Orientation (c) Fty-KSl NTS- ksi

t
B 1 279.6 214.9
B 2 300.1 245.4

10.33 : E 2 5 L0.07
=0.016
~~:~:~:)~ m,wo
r Kt"' 3.0

BASE (a) - Heat A

1 Long Transverse 110.0 1ii6.1
1 1 0.10
1
2
Long Transverse
Longitudinal
111.9 -
0.75 o.50 110.2 172.4

3.00
2
2
Longitudinal
Short Transverse
111.8 -
110.7 146.0
(a) See Table 3.0212 for ring segment details. BASE a - HeatB
1 Long Transverse 112.6 152.2
(b) Annealed in full section size.
(c) Flange location, longitudinal direction (see Table 3. 0212).
1
2
Long Transverse
Longitudinal
108.5 -
(d) All values are averages of from two to six tests for 68Cb 104.8 159.5
ctlllting except tbat for casting 2, Heat B, which is a single
2
2
Longitudinal
Short Transverse
108.5
103.7
-
155.9
datum point.
See Table 3. 0212 for corresponding conventional tensile properties. 2
2
Short Transverse
Short Transverse
112.0
114.8
--
FLANGE (a -Heat A
2 Longitudinal 120.7 167.9
2 Longitudinal 129.3 -
FLANGE (a -Heat B
2 Longitudinal 116.5 165.2
2 Longitudinal 122.3 -
2
2
Longitudinal
Longitudinal
119.9
117.7
-
-
3.0262 Bearing strength of solution treated and aged casting,
Table 3. 0262. 2 Lonlritudinal 126.7
WEB (a) - Heat B
1 Longitudinal 113.6 160.3
1 Longitudinal 118.4 -
1
2
Longitudinal
Long Transverse
111.4
120.2
-
168.4
2 Long Transverse 126.7 -
2 Long Transverse 123.1 -
2 Long Transverse 123.0 -
~urce
TABLE 3 0262
Lockheed-Georgi a Company{Sf
~)'
m Jo.211
p_
~
llloy T1-6Al-4V, Cast 10.300
Form l'l"OC1s on Casting a Kt .. 3.0
~l- l r=0.007
Condition

Fbru- kst
Solution Treat +Age (b)
Room Temperature Bear1ng Properties c
Fbry- ksi e/0 1.25
0.008
I
~I

216 (d) 1.50 BASE~1 - Heat A

240 234 1.52 2 Longitudinal 1:12.5 157.3
244 224 1.50
(a) 1 pound casting; section thickness o. 43 inch; specimens
2 Lollldbldlnal 123.5
BASE_(~- Heat B
-
oriented parallel to longitudinal nxis of casting. 2 Longitudinal 118.6 154.2
(b) Solution troated and aged in full section size:
1750F, 25 minutes, WQ +1000F, 4 hours, AC.
2 Longitudinal 125.2
(a) Soc Table 3.0212 for ring segment details.
-
(c) Specimen thickness= 0.090 inch; D a 0.187 inch. (b) Annealed in full section ~Size.
(d) Bearing !allure occurred before 0. 2 percent strain was
(c) Soc Table 3. 0212 for specimen orientations relative to casting
achieved.
configuration.
 II

RELEASED: MARCH 1970

.,
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3,02712

Source
Alloy
Mild-notch strength of as-cast, annealed, and solution
treated and aged castings, Table 3. 02712.
TABLE 3 02712
Lockheed-Georgia Company (8)
3.03
3.031
3.0311
Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
Tension;
Effect of test temperature on tenslle properties of
five annealed cast compressor casings from three beats,
Figure 3, 0311.
GJ
6
T
A
T!-6Al-4V, Cast
Form
3.0312 Effect of test temperature on tenslle properties of 4 V
Precision Casting (a) specimens machined U'om annealed cast compressor
.l!_oom Temperature Properties
1

casings and annealed cast-to-size specimens each from

Condil.bn Ftv- ks! (b) NTS- ks! (c)
two heats, Figure 3. 0312. Ti-6AI-~
IAB-t.;ast ll!7 l!U~
Anneal (d) 126 207 3.0313 Effect of test temperature on tenslle prop9rties of Cast
Solution Treat +Age (e) 152 216 nnnealoo cast ring segments from two heats, Figure
3.0313.
~o:t 3.0314
3.032
Stress-strnln diagrams (see 3.02111).
Compression (see 3.022).
b o.}s35]Jo.1372~ Kt =3.9 3.0321
3.033
Stress-strain diagrams.
Impact (see 3, 023),
lr=0.004 3.034 Bending.
3.035 Torsion and shear (see 3.025).
(a) 10 pcWJd casting; section thicknesses from o. 2 inch to 2. 0 3.036 Bearing (see 3.026).
inches, specimens sP.lected randomly from both thickness 3.037 Stress concentration.
extremes and at random orientations with respect to casting 3.0371 Notch pl'Opeltles (see 3. 0271).
3.0372 Fracture toughness (see 3.0272).
geometry.
(b) Each value average of four tests minimum.
3.038 Combined properties.
(c) Each value average of three tests.
(d) Annealed in full section size: 1300F, 2 hours, AC. 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
(e) Solution treated and aged in full section size: 1750F, 25 3.041 Stress rupture curves at 700, 800, and 900F for speci-
mens machined from fJve annealed cast compressor
minutes WQ + 1000F 4 hours AC.
casings rom three heats, Figure 3. 041.
3.042 Creep rupture curves at 700, 800, 900, and 1000F for
specimens machined from annealed cast compressor
3.0272 Fracture toughness. No data are available on the plane casing and annealed cast-to-size specimens from one
strain fracture toughness of this alloy in the cast condi- heat, Figure 3. 042.
tion. For applications where the alloy' a fracture tough- 3.043 Stress rupture curves at 700, 800, and 900~' for
ness may be the limiting design consideration, these specimens machined from cast compressor casing
data should be developed. Inasmuch as the ductility of aged at 1000F, Figure 3.043.
this alloy in the cast form is less than that for its 3.044 Effect of soluOion treat and aging temperatures on 800F,
wrought counterpart, to say nothing of the basic differ- 80 ksl stress rul'ture ille o! cast compressor casing,
ence in structure for the two forms, exlsUng toughness Table 3. 044.
data for the wrought form should not be applled to cast
material.
3.028 Combined properties.

TABLE 3 044
Source AVCO Corporation, Lycoming
Division (4)
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast
Form Cast Compressor casing (a)
~,;oncuuon Solution TreatecJ anCI Aged (D)
Stress Rupt.uro Properties at 800F, I'JO _Its!
Age Temperature, 8 hours, AC T1me to Rupture e(linch) percent
F hours
Solution Trent 1750F, 1 hour, WQ
900 500,2 -
900 510.7 -
900
1000
512.8
502.1 (c)
-
-
1000 501.2 (c) -
1000
1000
504.3 (c)
757.3
-
14.6
1100 502.1 (c) -
1100 503.2 (c) -
So utlon Treat 1850F, 1 hour, WQ
uuu 5'1U,6 (C) -
900 548.4 (c) -
900
1000
546.6 (c)
540.5 (c)
-
-
1000 526.8 (c) -
1000 521.7 (c) -
1100 506.6 (c) -
1100
1100
504.5 (c)
504.2 (c)
-
-
(a) Sec Figure 3, 0311 for compressor casing (12 Inches lon:;1 n:d specin!"!n
deta!ls.
(b) Casing halved and solution treated; aging uppl!ed to 1/2 !....,b square
specimen blanks. Soc Figure 3. 0217 for room temperature t...-: ..Ue
properties of material tee ted.
(c) Test retired.
TiC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEAS~ MARCH 1970

GJ]'~
Room temperature stress rupture results !or mlld- 3.046 500F stress rupture properties of cast-to-size smooth
Ultch specimens w.achined from annealed cast com- and mild-notch specimens from two heats, Table 3. 046. --
pressor casing and annealed cast-to-size specimens,
Table 3.045.

Ti-6AI-4V
Ca~t

TABLE 3 046
Source AVCO Corporation, Lycoming
Division 14)
TABLE 3 045 Allov Ti-6Al-4V, cast
Source AVCO Corporation, Lycoming Division- 141 Form Cast-to-Size Specimens (a)
Alloy Ti-6Al-4V, Cast Condition Annealed 1300F, 2 hours, AC (b)
Form Cast Compressor Casing (a) or Cast- to-Size 500F Stress Rupture Pl:operties
Specimens (b) stress Life e(llnch)
Co!lllition Annealed 1300F, 2 hours, AC (c) I
Heat Specimen Numbe::: ksi hours percent
Room Temperature Mild-Notch Stress Rupture Smooth (c)
Properties ,\ l 100.0 (d) lll,U

Heat
Specimen
Number
Hours at Indicated Stress Total l1fe
160 ksi 1170 ksi 1180 ksi 1190 ksl hours
A
A
2
3
95.0
90.0
200.8 (e)
253.3 (e)
--
Cast Compressor Casing
- --
B 1 100.0 240.7 (e) -
A
}.
1
2 10.0
1.2
- -
-
1.2
(d)
B
B
2
3
98.5
97.5
209.6 (c)
204.9 (e)
--
A 3 9.0 - -
{;ast-to-Size Specimens
- (d)
A 1
Mild Notch (f)
175.0 (d) -
B 1 - 5.0 l.l - 6.1 A 2 165.0 (d) --
B 2 - s.o 0.2 - 5.2 A 3 155.0 (d)
B 3
-
- 9.9 0.4
-
- 10.3 B 1 154.0 (d) -
B 4 6.8 - 6.8 B 2 152.0 200.8 (e) -
c 1 - 10.6 5.0 1.2 16.8 B 3 150.0 238.1 (e) -
-- - -
c 2 5.2 5.2 (a) 1/2 inch diameter cast oversize specimen blanks subsequently
c 3 5.8 1.9 - 7.7 machined to finished specimens.
c 4 - 10.3 0.7 - 11.0 (b) Annealed as oversize specimen blanks: Room Temperature
c 5 - 5.0 2.8 - 7.8 Tensile Properties- Heat A: Ftu = 144.8 ksl, Fty = 127.3 ksl,
e(1 inch) = 11.7 percent, RA - 25. S percent

J-1~06~~~u~~ Heat B; Ftu = 145.1 ksi, Fty = 132.7 ksi, e(l inch)= 10.5
percent, RA = 21.6 percent

0.253
ii:252
~
u~
j (c) Smooth specimens 1/4 inch d!nmeter x 1 inch gage length.
(d) Broke Immediately after loading to indicated stress.
(e) Test discontinued.
I I v (f) Soc Table 3. 045 for mild-notch specimen configuration.
r = 0.0060.:!: 0.0005

(a) See Figure 3. 0311 for compressor casing (20 inches l011g)
details.
(b) Specimens cast to 1/2 inch diameter oversize specimen blanks
subsequently machined to finished specimens.
(c) Cast compressor casing annealed in full section size: Ftu =
143.9 ksi, Fty =131.0 ksi, e(1 inch)= 9.4 percent, RA =15,5
percent.
Cast-to-size specimens annealed as oversize specimen blanks:
Heat B, Ftu~144.S ksi, Fty=127.3 ksl, e(l inch)=ll.7 percent,
RA=25. a percent
Ileat C, Ftu=145.1 ksi, Fty=132. 7 ksl, e(llnch)=10.5 percent,
RA=21. 6 percent
(d) Test retired.
:

3.05 F&Uftl!e P:-opetUes

3.051 Low-cycle ax!nl fatigue t"esults at 500F for annealed
smooth specimens cast-to-size from two heats, Table
 RELEASED: MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

u
[;]
TABLE 3 051 4. FABRICATION
Source AVCO Corporatio11, Lycoming
Division (4) 4.01 Formablllty
\ll,OY Tl-6Al-4V, Cast
Form Cast-to-Size Specimens (a) 4.02 MachlnlDg and Gr!nding
CoDdltlon Annealed 1300F 2 Hours AC (b) Consult Air Force Machinsblllty Data Center, Metcut
500F Low-Cycle Fatigue Properties Research Associates, ClnclDnati, Ohio 45209.
strain Alternating Maximum Cycles to
Heat Ratio, A strain strain Failure 4.03 Walding Ti-6AI-4V
ln/lD in/in Repair welding of titsnJum castings Js a common prac- Cast
(C) 00 u.u~4l> U.Ul45 J.44 tice and, according to one source, will probably be
A 00 0.0115 0.0115 508 necessary for the forseeable future because of the poor
A 0.0115 0.0115 290 feeding characteristics of titsnJum (see 1. 092)(14). Most
A "' 0.0115 0.0115 450 of the data rop:>rted in this chapter (from references 5,
A "'
00 0.010 0.010 1,060 8, 11, and .14) wers from castlDgs for which weld re-
B 0.0076 0.0076 1,700 pairs were allowed, Thus the JnJluence of repair wold-
A "' 0,0058 0.0058 3,803 lDg is reflected in the data scatkr, It should be pointed
B
"' 0.0049 0.0049 13,925 out, h~wAver, that unsound welds or welds conts1n1ng
B
"' 0.004 0.004 50,067(d) obvious defects were not !Deluded In the published re-
(c)
"'
0.67 0,016 0.040 1,002 sults. This was considered acceptable since weld-
B 0.67 0.008 0.020 873 repaired castings with obvious wold defects would nor-
B 0.67 0.005 0.0125 2,509 mally be withheld from service. Weld repair procedures
B 0,25 0.010 0.050 325 are ouU!ned lD references 7 and 12.
A 0.25 0.008 0.040 9,722
4. 04 Surfai:le Treatment
0.750

~ Q
f
oJ7o 0.252
o.i65 o.rs (tapered
centrally)

~ 1~90R
longitudinally polished ( < 4 RMS)
axial fatigue - 12 cpm
0.15
(a) SPecimens cast to 1/2 inch diameter oversize specimen
blanks, subsequenUy machined to configuration shown.
(h) Annealed as oversize specimen blanks: see Figure
3. 053 for conventional room temperature tensile
properties of material tested.
(c) Not identified, except as from same producer as of other
two heats.
(d) Test retired.

a.052 Low-cycle axial fatigue resultll at 500F for annealed

mild-notch specimens cast-to-size from two heats,
Figure 3. 052.
3.053 lUgh-cycle axial fatigue results at 500F for annealed
smooth and mild-notch cast-to-size specimens from
two heats, Figure 3.053.
3.054 150 hours, 500 F stress range diagram for smooth and
mild-notch cast-to-size specimens from two heats,
Figure 3. 054.
3.055 Room temperature axial load fatigue properties of
smooth specimens from five annealed cast rlDg segments
from two heats, Figure 3. 055.
3.056 Room temperature axial load fatigue properties of mild-
notch specimens from five ann8aled cast rlDg segments
from two heats, Figure 3. 056.
3.057 Room temperature smooth fatigue properties of annealed
and solution treated and aged, castings, Figure 3.057.
3.058 Room temperature mJ!d-notch fatigue properties of an-
nealed and solution treated and aged castings from two
casting manufacturers, Figure 3. 058,

3.06 Elastic Properties

(ForE, see also Tables 3,0211, 3.0212 and 3,02112.
For Ec, see also Tables 3. 0221 and 3. 0222)
3.061 Effect of test temperature on tensile elastic modulus
or aimealed cast rlDg segments from two heate, Flguro
3.061.
TiC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 1970

G]
Ti-6AI- 4V
~--

Cast

Ti-6Al-4V , CAST
CAST-TD- SIZE, 0.252 INCH DIAMETER TEST SPECIMENS (POLISHED
r WITH GRIT PAPER TO REMOVE AS-CAST SURFACE)
0 AS-CAST
ANNEALED: 1300F, 2 HOURS IN ARGON, AC
EACH VALUE AVERAGE OF FOUR TESTS MINIMUM.

140 0
0
FTU
0
0
130 i

0

0

120 0
0
FTY
.
0

110
30
0
0 RA
0
20 ~
0
c(liNCII)
0
!2
r.l
0
10 .
0

0
0

ff=

0
A D C D E
MASTER HEATS
FIG. 3. 0214 VARIATION IN TENSILE PROPERTI ES OF FIVE MASTER
HEATS FOR
THE AS-CAST AND ANNEALED CONDITIONS. (9)
 11v

RELEASED: MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Ti-6Al-4V, CAST
CAST TO 5/8 INCH DIAMETER OVERSIZE
,_BLANKS MACHINED TO 0.252 INCH DIAMETER
SPECIMENS. ST, 1 HR IN ARGON, 15 SECOND
I-QUENCH DELAY, WQ + 1000F, 4 HRS IN ARGON,
AC.
EACH VALUE AVERAGE OF FOUR TESTS
G]
Ti-6AI-4V
180 !-MINIMUM Cast
175

170 _.II
FTU
~
r-----
~
165

160
.....-----
155 ..... ~
150
!zl 10
e(1 INCH)
Iii
0 5
~
0
1725 1750 1775
SOLUTION TEMPERATU RE- F

FIG. 3.0216 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TREAT TEMPERATUR E

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION TREATED
AND AGED CAST-TO-SIZ E SPECL"ffiNS. (9)

I I I
T1-6Al~4V. cAST
1

CAST COMPRESSOR CASING

r ---o
___ 0 1750F 1 HR WQ}
1850F: 1 HR: WQ +AGE, 8 HRS, AC -
CASING HALVED AND SOLUTION TREATED; AGING
APPLIED TO 1/2 INCH SQUARE SPECIMEN BLANKS.
SEE FIGURE 3.0311 FOR CASING (12 INCHES LONG)
~180 r AND SPECIMEN DETAILS. -
I
::>
J"
170
--..., ............. _--.:
----, -
r--:: ......._ FTU

~'c
160 ' 170

- r- __ ......
~
FTY

""
i"--.
160

150~

-
Iii
t
Iii
zo u
=
Iii
0
~
<
I
10 -
RA

:r--
20"'

10
s:u
i!:
t>:
0 ~llrQ_
-""" 0"
c
900 1000 1100
AGING TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 3. 0217 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TREAT AND AGING TEMPERATUR ES

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF CAST COMPRESSOR CASING.
(4)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS nELEASEO: MARCH 1970

GJ]
1 1
NUMBER OF CASrJGs TESTE D AT EAC\i AGING .;.rEMP:
(2) (3) (3) (3) (2)
NUMBER OF SPECIMENS TESTED AT EACH AGING TEMP:
(6) (12) (14) (13) (6)
Ti-6Al-4V, CAST
CAST COMPRESSOR CASINGS (SEE FIGURE 3.0311 FOR
-
COMPRESSOR CASING (12 INCHES LONG) AND SPECIMEN
Ti-6AI-4V DETAILS). ALL CASINGS FROM SINGLE HEAT. CASINGS
Cast SOLUTION TREATEJJ 17l'OF, 1 HOUR, WQ; 1/2 INCH _
SQUARE SPECIMEN BLANKS AGED 8 HOURS (EXCEPT 10
HOURS AT 800F), AC.
- 0 0 AVERAGE VALUE
][ SPREAD OF VALUES
190

~170
180

- ~
'---- r----
FTU

180

~
I
::>

"'
rt
160 170 ~
I
><
FTY

-- ~ ~
160

150
""'""

"
~
l>l
0
RA
,.;;
=
l>l
p.
s:
e(1 IN) ~ i 10 ~

900
oe
700 800 100(i 1100 1200 1300 "'
AGING TEMPERATURE- F I I I
TI-6Al-4V, CAST
FIG. 3. 0218 EFFECT OF AGING TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF THREE COMPRESSOR CASINGS CAST FROM ONE HEAT.
i-CAST-TD-SIZE, 0.252 INCH DIAMETER TEST SPECIMENS
(POUSHED WITH GRIT PAPER TO REMOVE As-CAST
-
(4) SURFACE) ANNEALED: 1300F, 2 liDS IN ARGON, AC.
1- EACH VALUE AVERAGE OF FOUR TESTS MINIMUM. -
140 1-
FTU __..
~130
135

- --;-
4
- I-

125 1- ~ 1-

__:.:--l.----
FTY
120
...;~4
115
15
c(1 INCH)
~0 10
.
=
l>l

p. 5
0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17
OXYGEN CONTENT- PERCENT, LBS

FIG. 3, 02113 EFFECT OF OXYGEN CONTENT ON TENSILE PROPERTIES

OF 1\NNEALED CAST-TQ-SIZE SPECIMENS. (9)
 I I\.

RELEASED: MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

150

[J v
Ti-6AI-4'
I

Cast

100

t.'
' T1-6Al-4V, CAST
CAST RING SEGMENT
ANNEALED IN FULL SECTION SIZE:
1550F, 2 TO 4 HRS IN VACUUM, AC.

501~------------------~-------------------1

1. HEAT A-BASE-ROUND SPECIMEN-LONGITUDINAL

TRANSVERSE
2. HEAT A-FLANGE-FLAT SPECIMEN-LONGITUDINAL NUMBER OF SPECIMENS TESTED AT EACH
3. HEAT B-FLANGE-FLAT SPECIMEN-LONGITUDINAL TEST TEMPERATURE:
4. HEAT B-FLANGE-FLAT SPECIMEN-LONGITUDINAL (51) (8) (24) (25)
T1-6Al-4V, CAST
180
SEE TABLE 3.0212 FOR CAST RING SEGMENT TWO CAST COMPRESSOR CASINGS (ANNEALED
AND SPECIMEN DETAilS. 1300F, 2 HRS, AC): 12 INCHES AND 20 INCHES
LONG
10 INCH DIAMETER
160 3/4 INCH TO 11/2 INCH
0~----------------~~~--
0 0.05 --------------~
0.10 WALL TIDCKNESS
STRAIN - INCH PER INCH SPECIMENS: 1/4 INCH DIAMETER x
1 iNCH GAGE LENGTH FROM MID-
FIG. 3.02114 TYPICAL STRES5-STRAIN CURVES FOR ANNEALED 140
" THICKNESS ALONG CASING AXIS - 160

.~
CAST RING SEGMENTS FROM TWO HEATS. (5) e AVERAGE VALUES FROM FIVE
COMPRESSOR CASINGS CAST
T
~ FROM THREE HEATS
I <:nR an nF VAT.ITF.S 140
~120
b
r\ '\ ~ ~
FTU
r:-
100 120 ~

1\
I

t---- ><
t
80
'\ "' 100

~ 80
~-
~
60 ~
~ M
~ 40 0
a:
a:
'-l
20
T ~~ ~
llo
I

~ 0
--:::r o(l INCH)
--:' 20 ~
I

T ES
~ f oc
0 200 400 GOO 800 1000 "'
TEMPERATURE - F

J . FIG. 3.0311 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE

~...... \~., PROPERTIES OF FIVE ANNEALED CAST COM-
PRESSOR CASING FROM THREE HEATS. (4)
TiC
NONFERROUS A~'OYS RELEASE~ MARCH 1970

Ti-6Al-4V, CAST
HEAT
A :S
0 SPECIMENS MACHINED FROM CAST COMPRESSOR
CASINGS
SPECIMENS CAST-To-SIZE

Ti-6AI-4V COMPRESSOR CASINGS AND CAST-TO. SIZE SPECI-

MENS ANNEALED 1300F, 2 HOURS, AC,
Cast SEE FIGURE 3, 0311 FOR COMPRESSOR CASING
140 1--''<--'....-.........-+-- (20 INCHES LONG FROM HEAT A, 12 INCHES
' \ LONG FROM HEAT B) AND SPECIMEN DE-
' TA.IUI (ALL SPECIMENS TESTED WERE
' GEOMETRICALLY ALIKE).
'EACH VALUE AVERAGE OF THREE TESTS
120 ~>t----l>or~:--~ MINIMUM. 140
~
',
FTu
I
::>
t
100 ''
1-....!!loc~r-+----+~~.,--.....,:,'k----+-----1120

I
>o Tl-6Al-4V, CAST
E-< CAST RING SEGMENT
r------+-------,_~~~~~----~--------180 "' ANNEALED IN FULL SECTION: 1550F, 2 4 HOURS IN
VACUUM, AC. SEE TABLE 3.0212 FOR RING SEGMENT -1-----1
AND SPECIMEN (FLAT TYPE) DETAILS. I
NUMBER OF
I I
SPECIMENS TESTED AT EACH TEST TEMPERATURE:
BASE (A) ,.
FLANGE +WEB

(A) 5
(B)

38 6
I I
6
\
180
(B) G 49 6 5
(-100F) (RT) (300F) (GOOF)

160
200 400 600 800 1000
TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE ~140 160

PROPERTIES OF SPECIMENS MACHINED FROM I

ANNEALED CAST COMPRESSOR CASINGS AND ::>

ANNEALED CAST-To-SIZE SPECIMENS EACH rt
FROM TWO HEATS. (4) 120

100

80

80

60

0~-------L-----
-200 0 ---~-------L--------L---~
200 400 600
TEST TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF

ANNEALED CAST RING SEGMENTS FROM TWO HEATS. 151
 llv

RELEASE~ MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I I I

[J]
Ti-6Al-4V, CAST
CAST COMPRESSOR CASINGS (Am.'EALED 1300F, 2 HOURS, AC)
BEE FIGURE 3.0311 FOR COMPRESSOR CASINGS (12 INCHES LONG FR0?1-
HEAT A, 20 INCHES LONG FROM HEATS B AND C) AND SPECIMEN DB-
100 - TAIIB AND CONVENTIONAL TENSILE PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL TESTED._
TEST TEMPERATURE
~ 90 ~ TI-6AI-4V
...
0
-~ ~-
Cast
~ 80 700F_:-
~
(8.7- 17.6)
ell>-
70 90

I
~
HEAT CASING
-
...........
. ...... 800F_ 80
(5.6-21.7)
70 co
'g"'
~
1 0.
A {2
36
c. -- 60~
B 10.
70 50
C
1V't' -~ ~
1 ov
'"'
0 60
0
"'
( ) RANGE OF ELONGATIONS ~""'
(1 INCH), PERCENT, AT EACH ~~ ow -
TEST TEMPERATURE. (NO
~ 50 - TREND WITH STRESS WAS .... ......_ 900F_
(3.4- 24. 7)
~ OBSERVED)
40
0.1 1.0 10 100 1000 10000
RUPl'URE TIME - HOURS

FIG. 3.041 STRESS RUPTURE CURVES AT 700, 800, AND 900F FOR SPECIMENS
MACHINED FROM FIVE ANNEALED CAST COMPRESSOR CASINGS
FROM THREE HEATS. (4)

cJr
Ti-6Al-4V, I
e SPECIMENS MACHINED FROM CAST COMPRESSOR CASING
I I I J.
_I_ I
6 C 0 SPECIMENS CAST-TQ-SIZE (CAST TO 1/2 INCH DIAMETER OVERSIZE BLANKS SUBSEQUENTLY
MACHINED TO 1/4 INCH DIAMETER SPECIMENS). COMPRESSOR CASING
100 - AND CAST-To-SIZE (OVERSIZE) SPECIMEN BLANKS ANNEALED 1300F, TEST TEMPERATURE
2 HOURS, AC. ALL FROM ONE HEAT. 700F (10)
....
c Ll .... It-
80 ..
- c ,
800F (5.6-20)
0 c
c
~ ..!..._
60
..............

<>--....
1<>---
- ----~r--
~
900F (3.4-24. 7)

BEE FIGURE 3.0311 FOR COMPRESSOR CASING (20 INCHES LONG) AND
SPECIMEN DETAILS, AND FIGURE 3.0312 FOR CONVENTIONAL TE:NSILE ---~ 1000F (5-10)

I I
PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL TESTED (HEAT A). ALL SPECIMENS TESTED
-WERE GEOMETRICALLY ALIKE. i i
( ) RANGE OF ELONGATIONS (1 INCH), PERCENT,
AT EACH TEST TEMPERATURE (NO TREND

0
FH B:fRESS WAS OBSERIVED) I
0.1 1.0 10 100 1000 10000
RUPl'URE TIME - HOURS

FIG. 3.042 CREEP RUPl'URE CURVES AT 700, 800, BOO, AND 1000F FOR SPECIMENS MACHINED FROM ANNEALED CAST
COMPRESSOR CASING AND ANNEALED CAST-TQ-SIZE SPECIMENS FROM ONE HEAT. (4)
 TiC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 1970

[J]
Ti-6Al-4V, CAST
CAST COMPRESSOR CASING
CASING SOLUTION TREATED 1750F, 1 HOUR, WQ; 1/2 INCH SQUARE
I SPECIMEN BLANKS AGED lOOOF, 8 HOURS, AC. ROOM TEMPERATUR E
v 120 FTtJ=139.6 KSI, FTy=l28.0 KSI, e(l INCH)=9.7 PERCENT, RA=18.9
PERCENT. SEE FIGURE 3.0311 FOR COMPRESSOR CASING (12 INCHES
LONG) AND SPECIMEN DETAILS.
TI-6AI-4V I I
TEST TEMPERATUR E
Cast

800F (11. 9-20. 0) e

80 Am;-=,- @.G-45.-u

(J RANGE OF RA AT EACH TEST

TEMPERATUR E (NO TREND WITII
STRESS WAS OBSERVED).
TEST TEMP-F CASING
60
700 800 900 NUMBER*
0 (I 1
0 [) 2
.... 3
40 * ALL FROM ONE HEAT
1 10 100 1000
RUPTURE TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.043 STRESS RUPTURE CURVES AT 700, 800, AND 900F FOR SPECIMENS
MACHINED FROM CAST COMPRESSOR CASING AGED AT lOOOF. (4)

TI-GA1-4V, CAST
CAST-TC>-SIZE SPECIMENS ANNEALED 1300F,
2 HOURS, AC. AXIAL FATIGUE - 300 CPM
TEST TEMPERATUR E - 500F
140 1-------f----if----lik---f----f-_;:~>----f----
0 0 A HEAT A
e A HEAT B
SEE FIGURE 3.053 FOR CONVENTIONAL
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL
TESTED.

100
~
gj
lil
!;; 80
::0
...
I 6()

~:~!~ l ?...__--lMi=o=:25::..>.~ Kt =3.5

~O.OOS 009 POLISHED WITH WIRE

AND DIAMOND PASTE
CAST 1/2 INCH DIAMETER OVERSIZE SPECIMEN BLANKS,
ANNEALED, AND FINISH MACHINED TO CONFIGURATION
SHOWN.

20 t~0----------~----~~------~~--~10~3~-------~----~10~4~
--------~~--~--------~~--~l06
i..
CYCLES TO F AlLURE
SPECIMENS CAST-TC>-SlZE FROM
FIG, 3.052 LOW-CYCLE AXIAL FATIGUE RESULTS AT SOOF FOR ANNEALED MILD-NOTCH (4)
~ .. ~ .. ~. ~
 RELEASED: MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

..~
l.J

GJ]
Ti-6Al-4V
Cast

I
I~L
I I I
Tl-6Al-4V, CAST FATIGuk- 3!oo CPM I
1- CABT-TQ-SIZE SPECIMENS
ANNEALED 1300F, 2 HOURS, AC.
TEST TEMPERATURE - 500F -
ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES RA
HEAT FTu-KSI FTy-KSI e(llNCH) PF.RCENT PERCENT -
8 0 6 A 145.1 132.7 10.5 21.6
a 80 1- A B 144.8 127.3 11.7 25.8
-
;~ I I A~"'

I -o.. I I
!t=401-~-----~==~:::!=f==f=~~==~S~M~OOT~~H~--~--~~-===~~
m
- ~
I
NOTCH
I
~A
~

\ 0

""~
0
"6...... 0
1'--- -~OOTH
~
~ NOTCH

105 106
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.053 HIGH-CYCLE AXIAL FATIGUE RESULTS AT 500F FOR ANNEALED

SMOOTH AND MILD-NOTCH CAST-TQ-SIZE SPECIMENS FROM TWO
IIEATS. (4)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEAS~ MARCH 1970

[;]]
I -r I I I
'ri-6Al-4V , CAST AXIAL FATIGUE- 3600 CPM
CAST-TQ- SIZE SPECIMENS TEST TEMPERATURE - 500F
80 '""""'ALED 1300F, 2 HOURS, AC.
-
I I
A= 2.0

v
A=1.0
70 1 1/
Ti-6AI-4V
Cast
1/
v
A= 0,67
60 v

I v
v vv
/
v
V S E E FIGURE 3.053 FOR SPECIMEN DETAILS

I vv
AND CONVENTIONAL ROOM TEMPERA TURE
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL -
TESTED.

~ /

20
~z v l.--- 1-- AJ.25

-=1--
- -----
--
c:::=
~v ~ b) l..----- r--- ~OOTH

---
10

0 1
0
~
10 20
1--

30 a R oo ro
~OTCH

80 90
...........

~
100 110
-
l20
MEAN STRESS - KSI
FIG. 3.054 150 HOURS, 500F STRESS RANGE DIAGRAM FOR SMOOTH
AND MILD-NOTCH CAST-TQ-SIZE SPECIMENS
FROM TWO HEATS.
(4) \.

Tl-6Al-4V , CAST
1- CAST RING SEGMENT
ANNEALED IN FULL SECTION SIZE: 1550F, 2 TO 4 HOURS IN VACUUM,
AC.
SEE TABLE 3.0212 FOR RING SEGMENT CONFIGURATION. DATA REPRESEN
T FIVE CASTINGS FROM
TWO HEATS, CORRESPONDING CONVENTIONAL TENSILE
PROPERTIES ARE PRESENTE D IN TABLE 3,0212.

120 I I
I

\
I
0 0 R = 0,1 R = -1.0
100 s~
0
6
...
BASE
FLANGE
~ \le ~ f'......
0 WEB
p
1'\. A
....... '""'
~- t--.
A
-
t':::
.....

~-~""~ -$. [
40 1-
SURFACE FINISH :5120 RMS
CYCLIC FREQUENCY= 1800 CPM
Kt = 1 0.25 1.0
20 1-
~~v1.5R ~-\j-0.07 3,00
0 I I I I
105
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3,055 ROOM TEMPERA TURE AXIAL LOAD FATIGUE PROPERTI
ES OF SMOOTH SPECIMENS FROM FIVE
ANNEALED CAST RING SEGMENTS FROM TWO HEATS.
(5)

~nn10 ~Ant
 RELEASED: MARCH 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

0
UJ]
I I I I I I
Ti-6Al-4V, C~T
I

CAST RING SEGMENT

ANNEALED IN FULL SECTION SIZE: l550F, 2 TO 4 HOURS IN VACUUM, AC.
1-- SEE TABL"E: 3. 0212 FOR RING SEGMENT CONFIGURATION. DATA REPRESENT FIVE CASTINGS FROM -
TWO HEATS, CORRESPONDING CONVENTIONAL TENSILE PROPERTIES ARE PRESENTED 1N TABLE
3.0212.

- - Ti-6Al-4'J
Cast

100 Ra0,1
I I
R~-1.0
0
6
.a.
BASE
FLANGE
I
~ 80
0
WEB

r \,.

~
. ~
0

~~
6

1---f-a
0 em
IS.>

40
0.375 0.25DIAME~
20 ~ ,;\, "'!,,_,. ~5 K t a3

. ~rt~
3.00
.~~--0.07
SURFACE FINJBH S 120 RMS
CYCLIC FREQUENCY= 1800 CPM

0
103 105 107
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.056 ROOM TEMPERATURE A."<lt\L LOAD FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF MILD-NOTCH SPECIMENS FROM FIVE
ANNEALED CAST RING SEGMENTS FROM TWO HEATS, (5)
(..___,..

I I
Ti-6Al-4V, CAST
10 POUND'CASTINGS; SECTION TlUCKNESSES FROM 0.2 INCH TO 2.0 INCHES, SPECIMENS SELECT-
!-ED RANDOMLY FROM BOTH TlUCKNESS EXTREMES AND AT RANDOM OR!ENlATIONS WITH
RESPECT TO CASTING GEOMETRY.
---1:;. ANNEALED IN FULL SECTION SIZE: 1300F, .2 HOURS, AC.
!- - - - & SOLUTION TREATED AND AGED IN FULL SECTION SIZE: 1750F, 25 MINUTES,
WQ + lOOOF, 4 UOURS, AC,
!- -
I I I I
I 1
J
2.0
~ _L
olOO 1- f I I
lio.l935 Kt a 1
~
til
t:: 90 1-
0.125 MAN ACTURER NO, 1 '~1
0.080 MANUFACTURER N0.2
"' LONGITUDINAL POLISH TO 32 ~ \..
~ so t-FREQUENCY, 1800 CPM ' ..._ A .

............ ~
~ 70

~' 60
('.-
It l!INCLUSION 0BSERVED IN CRITICAL ~RTIO~ OF TEST SECTI~N.
1 I
j, 105

~t
CYCLES TO FAILURE
( FIG. 3.057 ROOM TEMPERATURE SMOOTH FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED AND SOLUTION TREATED
AND AGED CASTINGS. (B)
 RELEASED: MARCH 1970

[Q] r r
I
1- Ti-6Al-4 V, CAST I I
(A) ANNEALED IN FULL SECTION SIZE: 1300F, 2 HOURS,
(A) (B) AC.
(B) SOLUTIO N TREATE D AND AGED IN FULL SECTION
ANNEAL SIZE: -
SOLUTION TREAT 1750F, 25 MINUTE S, WQ + 1000F, 4 HOURS, AC.
+
---6 ~. 10-POUN D CASTING FROM MANUFA CTURER NO. 1;
SECTION TlUCKN ESS
FROM 0.2 INCH TO 2.0 INCHES ; SPECIME NS SELECT
ED RANDOMLY FROM
Ti.;.6AJ-4V 80 r- BOTH THICKNESS EXTREM ES AND AT RANDOM ORIENTA
TIONS WITH -
RESPEC T TO CASTING GEOMET RY.
Cast --e 1-POUND CASTING FROM MANUFACTURER NO. 2; SECTION
THICKNESS 0.43
INCII; ALL SPECIM ENS PARALL EL TO LONGITUDINAL
AXIS OF CASTING.
""-..EAC H MAN~:ACTURER USE~ DIFFERE NT HEAT.
70

~
\ ~ I'....
~
R =0.1

~ ......
~
\60/(

~ 0.19f5 ~o.\m ~ ,.., !'>:-

~-

1-
1-
" I~
r=0.007
~~ INCLUSION OBSERVED IN CRITICA L PORTION
FREQUE NCY, 1800 CPM
OF TEST SECTION .
40 I I I I I
103 104 105 106 107
CYCLES TO FAILUR E

FIG. 3.058 ROOM TEMPER ATURE MILD-NO TCH FATIGU

E PROPER TIES OF ANNEALED AND SOLUTION
TREATE D AND AGED CASTINGS FROM TWO CASTING
MANUFACTURERS. (8)

.,
Ti-6Al-4 V, CAST --......
CAST RING SEGMEN T
ANNEAI..ED IN FULL SECTION : 1550F, 2 TO 4 HOURS
IN VACUUM, AC.
SEE TABLE 3.0212 FOR RING SEGMEN T AND SPECIM
EN (FLAT TYPE)
DETAILS . MINIMUM OF THREE RINGS TOTAL FROM
TWO HEATS
TESTED AT EACH TEST TEMPER ATURE.

~BASE

~LANGE+WEB

NUMBER OF SPECIME NS TESTED AT EACH TEST TEMPER

ATURE:
BASE (A)
FLANGE + WEB (B)

(-100F) (RT) (300F) (GOOF)

(A) 5 40 5 6
(B) 5 52 6
24 4

22

20

,..18
~
., 16
...
0

14

12

-200 0 200 400 600 800

TEST TEMPER ATURE- F

FIG. 3.061 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPER ATURE ON TENSILE

ELASTIC MODULUS OF
ANNEALED CAST RING SEGMEN TS FROM TWO HEATS.
(5)

CODE ::\AOI
 . _._,._..,.. m"'nvn 1;71\1

[;]
Ti-6AI-4
Cost

REFERENCES

l. AVCO Corporation, Lycoming Division, Stratford,

Connecticut, Specification No. M3407 (November 30,
1966).
2. Precision Castparts Corporation, PorUand, Oregon,
Specification No. TD-TCD-1 (April 29, 1968).
3. Wood, R. A. "A Tabulation of Designations, Properties,
and Treatments of Titanium and Titllllium Alloys, "
DMIC Memorandum 171 (July 15, 1963).
::' 4. Private communication With R. P. Dalal of AVCO
Corporation, Lycoming Division, Stratford, Connecticut.
5. McClaren, s. W., Cook, o. H., and Pnscodor, G.,
"Processing, Evaluation, and &'lalldardization of
Titanium Alloy Castings," LTV Aert>space Corperntion,
Vought Aeronautics Division, work pdr!ormed under
Contract F33615-67-C-1173 (BPSN 66-139999-2001-
9169-99) with Air Force Materials Laboratory, Air
Force Systems Comman:l, Wright-Patterson Air Force
Base, Ohio, 45433, and published as Technical Report
AFML-TR-68-264 (Aprll, 1869).
6. Private communication with M. Lasker of Pr.ecision
Castparts Corporation, Portland, Oregon.
7. Poole, H. G., "Fundamentals of Casting Titanium,"
Oregon Metallurgical Corporation, Albany, Oregon,
presented at Titanium Metallurgy Course, New York
Univeraity School of Englnaering and ScieJJCe (Sept-
ember 13-15, 1965).
a. Privata communication with H. W. Sternme of Lockheed-
Georgia Company, Marietta, Georgia.
9. Coney, D. M., and Lasker, M. F., "Precision Cast-
ing of Ti-6Al-4V," Precision Castparts Corporation,
Portland, Oregon (June 18, 1969).
10. Published in reference No. 5 above.
11. SoUa, L. L. , ''Titanium Castings for Airframe
Structural Applications," Lockbeed-Cali!ornia Compa.!j,
7'''.'
I
; ... Division of Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, Burbank,
l,.oJ
Cali!ornia (Soptomber 8, 19&7).
12. "Now Available: Cast Titanium und Zi't'conium, ''
Oregon Metallurgioal Corporation, Albany, Oregon.
-~:,.. '":.
?. 'Lnng, R. M., Schipperelt, G. H., and. Kura, J. G.,
"Productiou of 'l'itanium Shaped Castings," TML
Report No. 60, Titanium Metallurgical Laboratory,
Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus 1, Ohio
(December 12, "966).
14. Harmswortb, C. L., McClaren, IJ, w., and Cook, o.
H., "Castings," Machine Design, pp. 167-171 (June
20, 1968).
15. Jahnke, L. P. ,''Titanium in Jet Eng!ne11," Aircraft
Engine Technology DiviD.!on, General Electric Company,
Cincinnati, Ohio, papar presented nt the International
Conference on Titanium, London, England (Mny 21-24,
1968) refe:enced byR. A. Wood and D. J. Maykuth,
''Titanium and Tltanii1J1l Alloys," Review of Recent
Developments, Bnttoll~ Memorial Institute (August 23,
196~).
The foll~wing report contains very recent. data on
Ti-6Al-4V, Cast in several beat treated col!dltions, but
was unnvallabla to the author at the time of this writing:
Parkinson, F. L. , "Mecbllllical Property Data on TI-
6Al-4V Castings," Boeing Report T&-3606 (1969).

CODE 3RO:
 Kt.VI~t.U Df.(;EMBER 1870 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS IWIDBOOK
APPENDIX A
ABBREVIATIONS

u a One haU notch section dimension, one

ha.U of notch length at instability (See
da
dn Crack growth rate
Appendix C) n8. Dia:D:eter
A Area of cross section Dbl Double
A Angstrom unit d-e Direct current
AI Temperature of the eutectoid trans- deg Degree (s)
formation of austenite to ferrite plus Deox Deoxidized
cementite (I) DPH Diamond pyramidal hardness (Vickers)
Aa Temperature of transformation of ferrite Diff Different, difference
to austenite (I)
AB Air blast e Elongation in percent - gage length given
Acl Temperature at which austenite begins in () following e
to form during heatiog (I) E Modulus of elasticity In tension
Ac3 Temperature at which transformation of EB Electron beam
ferrite to austenite Is completed during E Modulus of elasticity In compression
heating (I) elD Ratio of edge distance to hole diameter
Ael Ae3 Ae4 Temperature of phase changes at (bearing test)
equilibrium (3) Elev Elevated
a-c Alternating current Es Secant modulus
AC Air cool Etor ET Tangent modulus
eV Electron volt - the energy required to
Fmax -Fm!n Ratio of alternating stress to mean stress
A= transfer an electron through a one volt
7max+Fmln In fatigue
potential difference
AIt Alternating Exp Exposure, expansion
AMS Aerospace Material Specifications
Ann Annealed F Degree (s) Fahrenheit
ao Initial haU notch length (See Appendix C) f( subscript) Fatigue
Approx Approximate Fatigue alternating stress
a Fait
Value-size parameter Fb Bending modulus of rupture, bend strength
Q Bending fatigue strength
Temperature at which transfo;t"mation of Fbf
Arl Bearing ultimate strength
austenite to ferrite or to ferrite plus Fbru
cementite is completed during cooling (2) Fb Bearing yield stress
relY Face centered cubic
Ar3 Temperature at which austenite begins to
transform to ferrite during cooling (2) FC Furnace cool
Temperature at which austenite transforms Fey Compressive yield stress
Ar4 Fatigue mean stress
to delta ferrite during heating; the reverse Fmr
process occurs during coollng (2) Fmax Fatigue maximum stress
ArM Atmosphere Fmin Fatigue minimum stress
Austenitize Fst Torsion modulus of rupture
AUST
Avor Avg Average Fstr Torsion fatigue strength
Fsty Torsion yield strength
b (subscript) Bending Fsu Shear ultimate stress, shear strength
Body centered cubic Ftr Tensile fatigue strength
bee
Brinell hardness number Ftu Tensile ultimate stress, tensile strength
BHN
Bns Barns F Tensile yield stre~s. tensile yield strength
bl:(subscript) Bearing n\ Foot pound (s)
Btu British thermal unit (s) Full harden Fully hardened
:Stu per (lb F) British tb..,rmal units per pound per
Jc Strain energy release rate (critical)
degree Fa.hrenhell
Btu ft per (hr sq ft F) G Modulus of rigidity
British thermal units feet per hour per
square foot per degree Fahrenheit grpercu em Grams pdr cubic centimeter
BWQ Bolling water quench GS Grain size
GTA Gas tungsten arc
c Degree(s) Centigrade
c(subscript) Compression, compressive Hard Harden
C Red Cold reduced HAZ Heat "lffccted zone (weldments)
C Swag Cold swaged hcp Hexagonal close pack
Carb Carburized HeC Helium cooled
CD Cold drawn HF Hot finished
CF Cold finished hr Hour
ega Centimeter-gram-second (system) HR Hot rolled, hour
% Center line HT Heat treat
em Centimeter Ht No Heat number
Coer Coefflclenl HW Hot worked, hot rolled
Comm Commercially
Cond Condition (s) lACS International annealed copper standards
cpm Cycles per mlnut_!l ID Inside diameter
cps Cycles per second IE Impact energy, Impact strength
cph Cycles per hour, In Inch (es)
CR Cold rolled Incomp Incomplete
cu Cubic In lb Inch pound (a)
cucm Cubic centimeter (s) Ind Induction
cu ft Cubic feot (feet) INDIC Indicated
cu In Cubic lnr:h (es) Invest Investment
cw Cold wr.rked lpm Inch per minute
CVM Consumable vacuum melt
K Stress Intensity facto;: (see Appendix C);
D Diameter stress concentration factor

- -------
 AEROSPACE STIWCTUIW. METALs HANDBOOK

!~(nom)
Kc
Value of Kc based upon initial crack length
Measure of fracture toughness at point of
crack growth instsbillty (see Appendix C)
r
RA
Radius
Reduction in are&, Rockwell hardness A
scale
U
Value of Kc for center notch specimen RAC Rapid sir cool
based upon computations with measured RB Rockwell hardness B Scale
crack length a Rc Rockwell hardness C Scale
Value of Kc for edge-notch specimen rd Round
based upon computations with measured RE Rare earths (used in chemical com-
crack length a positions), Rockwell hardness E scsie
Value of Kc for center notch specimen R = Fmm/F max Ratio of minimum stress to maximum
based upon computations with estimated strP.ss in fatigue
crack length from So and percent shear REF RIG Refrigerated, refrigeration (cooled to
Kc4 Value of Kc for edge-notch specimen based low temperatures)
upon computations with estimated crack Reann Reannealed
length from So and percent shear Recrys Recrystallized
Fatigue notch factor Red Reduction, reduced
Knoop hardness number Rev Reverse (d)
Initial stress intensity RH Relative humidity
Conditional result used to establish a RMS Surface finish (Roct-mean-square
valid K1c value deviation from mean surface, expressed
Plane strain fracture lhughness in micro-Inches (0. 000001 in or square
A conditional result root of mean surface)
Thousand pounds per square inch Rot Rotating
Theoretical elastic stress concentration rpm Revolutions per minute
factor RT Rocm temperature
Kw Kilowatt r/t Bend factor - radius of bend/thickness
of materlsi
L Longitudinal
Jb Pound s(subscrlpt) Secant, shear
Jb per cu in Pounds per cubic inch SA Solution annesi
LT Long transv.erse (same as transverse) sc Sand cast
M Bending mament sec Second
m(subacript) Mean Sect Section
Max Maximum. S-N 5 =Stress, N =Number of cycles
MeV One ruilllcn electron wits Spec Specification, Specimen
Mr Temperature at which transformation SPT Spring temper
or austenite to martensite is compi~ted SQ Salt quench
during cooling (2) sqcm Square centimeter (s)
MIL Military sq ft Square foot (feet)
Min Minimum, Minute sq In Square Inch (es)
Ms Temperature at which transformation ST Solution treat, short transverse
of austenite to martensite staris Std Standard
during coollng (2) Sym Symmetry
)L (mu) Pdason 's Ratio, microns unit
T Short transverse, at right angles to the
Nom Nominal lengthwise axis of the specimen and the
Norm Normalize, normal shortest transverse dimension of the
NSR Notched strength ratio (NTS/FTU) material, Transverse, Temperature - F
NTS Notched tensile strength (tensile strength !(subscript) Tangent, tensile
of notched specimens) t Thickness, tlme-hr
nvt Integrated neutron flux (neutrons/ cm2 Tang Tangential
/sP~/tlme) Temp Temperature
typ Typical
OD .;utsic'.e diameter
OQ Oil r1uench u(subscrlpt) Ultimate
UNIDIR Unidirectional
Perm Percnanent
pH The negative logarithm of the hydrogen v v shaped notch
ion activity. It denotes the dagree of Vac Vacuum
acidity or basicity of a solution at 25 e, Vac Ann Vacuum annealed
seven is the neutral value. Acidity Var Variable
increases with docreasing values below VHN Vickers hardness number
seven; basici:y lr.creases with increasing VPN Vickers diamond pyramid hardness
values above seven. number
PMC Permanent mold cast
ppm
w Width, Transverse, at right angles to the
Parts per million
lengthwise axis of the specimen
Prec Precision w Density, 11peclf!c weight
Pt Point WQ
PWA Water quench
Post weld annenl
y(subscrlpt) Yieh
Quench Yr Year iS)
Kf-l ).. Light wave length
q =Kt-1 Notch sensitivity index (fatigue)
QMV Powder made from Q. T, pebble with an REFERENCES
I. Definition taken from "Engineering Metallurgy" by
Intermediate vacuum annealing
L. F, Mondolfo and 0. Zmeskal, (1955)
2. Definition taken from "Metals Handbook", (1948 and 1961)
R Longitudinal, parnllel to the lengthwise 3, United States Steel Co. , "Atlas of Isothermal Transformation
nxls of the specimen Diagrams", (1951)

r. ----... . '
REVISED: DECEMBER 1969 APPENDIX B
GLOSSARY OF HEATING AND HEAT TREATING TERMS
Age bardelling Same as precipitation hardening.
Aging (a) Genersl. Any change In properties
with Ume at room or elevated tempera-
tures.
(b)Speclf!c. Same as precipitation
hardening.
Air cooling (a) General. Cooling from elevated
temperature tn air.
(b) Speclflc (used here). Cooling from
an elevated temperat>Jre In still air, or
in moving air, if necessary for the
purpose of developing desired proper-
ties.
Air coollng, rapid Cooling In air moved by means of fans.
Air quenching aame as air cool, rapid (not used here).
Air hardening steel A ferritic steel that becomes fully or
partly msrtensltic and correspondingly
bard on air cooling L.oom a temperature
above the transformation range.
Armeal (annealing) Any heating cycle which serves to
soften the alloy or to ellmtoate or re-
duce the effects of cold work, or pre-
vious heating cycles.
Anneal, full (a) General. A heating procedure
which leads to maximum softness,
ductility and formability.
(b) Speclf!c. Heating offerritlc steels
above the critical temperature range
followed by sufficiently slow coollng to
produce the softest perlitic condition.
Armeal, Isothermal Heating of a ferritlc steel to n partly
or fully austenitic structure, followed
by coollng to and holding at a tempera-
ture that causes trnnsformation of the
austenite to a relatively soft ferrite
and carbide structure.
Armeal, process Same as anneal, subcriticsl.
Anneal, spheroldiz!ng A heating cycle which produces in a
ferritic steel a spheroidlzed structure
characterized by maximum softness
and ductility.
Anneal, stabilizing Heating at a temperature which results
In a structure less liable to be affected
by other heating and cooling cycles.
Anneal, atreas relief (a) General. An anneal which removes
or rt'duces residual stresses retained
after forming, heat treating, weldtng
or machining.
(b) Speclfio. An anneal at rather low
temperatures for the primary purpose
of reducing residual stresses, without
materially affecting other properties.
Anneal, subcritlcal Heating of a ferritic steel at a tempera-
ture olose to but below the lower trans-
formation temperature In order to soft-
en the steel.
Anneal, vacuum OT Annealing In vacuum or Inert gas.
Inert gas This procedure tn generally required
!or successful annealing of titanium
and refractory metals and alloys.
Artlflclsl aging Aging at elevated temperatures.
Ausform!ng A proceaa whereby certain msrtensitlc
steele are strengthened by the deforms-
tlon of austenite, which Is maintained
In a metastable condition below its
recrystalUzation temperature.
Austemper!ng Heat treating a ferritic steel by aust-
enltlzing, cooling sufflclenUy fast to
retain the austenite to a temperature
above the martensite range and holding
at this temperature until the transfor-
mation is complete, resulting in so-
called Intermediate transformation
products, e. g. Bainite.
Austenite conditioning Hentlng steel at such a temperature
that relatively stable austenite is de-
pleted of carbon and thereby rendered
susceptible to transformation at some
lower temperature.
Austenitlzing Forming austenite from ferrite ar.d
carbide by heating a steel above the
upper (nlpha-gamma)transformation
temperature, A 3 (this term as used
here also includes the coollng method
required for full hardening of the steel).
Burning (a) General. CaiiBing permanent
damage by overheating an alloy.
(b) Speclflc. Overheating to n temper-
ature which produces Incipient melting
of one or more pbaees lending to em-
brittlement.
Cold treating Cooling to subzero temperature, used
for various purposes, but primarily
to promote transformation of austenite.
Cooling (a) General. Any decrease in temp-
erature.
(b) Speclflc. Reducing tiE tempera-
ture of the metal In a gaseous environ-
ment, rather than quenching.
Equalizing Special Intermediate heat treatment
which ass!Bts In developing d~sircd
properties.
Exposure Heating to an elevated temperature
for a certain period of time.
Full anneal See annesl, full.
Fully hardened Applies generally to the maximum
hardness obtainable (in particular,
applies to materials that are hardened
by a strain and/or age hardening
process).
HardenabWty The ability or an alloy to harden fully
throughout the entire section thickness.
The maximum thickness at which this
may be accomplished can be u~<d as a
measure of bardeoabllity. It is a
function of the alloy content.
Hardening (a) General. Increasing the hardness
of a product or a part by a suitable
process.
(b) Speclf!c. Increasing the hardness
by austenitizlng, suitable cooling and,
If necessary, tempering.
Heat treating (a) Genersl. Any combination or
(beat treatment) heating and cooling operations aimed
at changlng the prop ~~ues of an alloy.
(b) Speclflc. A oombirutUon or heating
and cooling cycles, other ~han annesl-
!ng, In order to improve certain prop-
<3rtlea.
 APPENDIX 8 REVISED: DECEMBER 1969

GLOSSARY OF HEATING AND HEAT TREATING TERMS

Homogenizing Annealing or soaking at very high granular corrosion. The condition Is

temperatures In order to reduce alloy
segregation by diffusion.
Isothermal anneal See anneal, isothermal.
Hot cold working Working at elevated temperatures such
that llmtted strain hardening Will
reBUlt.
Maraglng (process) A thermal treatment which causes a
complex precipitation hardelllng re-
action to occur In the very low carbon
martenslti" matrix of 18-25 percent
nickel stools containing cobalt and
molybdenum. The reaction occurs
upon reheating the matrix In the vici-
nity of 900F.
Maraglng (steel) A class of steels which respond to
the maraglng treatment.
Marstralnlng A process whereby certain steels'
yield strengthe can be raised without a
reduction In ductility by tile application
of smallllJDounta of plastic strain to
previously queoohed and tempered
alloys followed by a re-temper or
aging treatment.
Martemperlng* Quenching an aust:mttized ferro ..~
alloy In a medium at a temperature In
the upper part of the martensite range,
or slightly above that range, and hold-
Ing it In the medium until the tempera-
ture throughout tlie alloy is substan-
tiallY uniform. The alloy ls then
allowed to coolin air through the mar-
tensite range.
Natural aging Precipitation hardening at room temp-
erature.
Normalizlng Heating of a ferrltlc steel above the
transformation range, followed by
cooling In still air.
usually formed by heating the steel
above 8(19F and coollng slowly, e. g.
welding.
Soaking Extended heating at a high tempernture
which serves either to Insure uniform
temperature distribution or to produce
homogenizing.
Solution treating Heating an alloy to a suitable tempera-
(solution heat treating) ture, holding at that temperature long
enough to allow one or more constitu-
ents to enter Into solld solution, and
then coollng rapidly enough to hold the
constituents In the supersaturated ,
unstable state.
Spheroldtzlng anneal See anneal, spheroldtzlng.
Btabtllzing, See anneal, stabilizing.
stabilizing anneal
stress rellef stress relief either by annealing,,.
by mechanical methnds.
stress rsllef anneal See anneal, stress relief.
9ubcrltlcal anneal See anneal, subcritical.
&lpersaturated solid An unstable solld solution contatlllng
solution a solute in excess of Its equtUbr!um
solubility. n Is usunlly obtained by
fast cooling from a temperature where
the soUd solution was stable Into a
phase ~eglon where tho excess solute
tends to form another phase (see
precipitation).
Tempering Part of the heat treatment or a steel,
usually following hardening or normal-
izing, that consists of heating at a
temperature below the eutectold trans-
formation temperature.

overheating Heating to a temperature that causes

undestred changes In an alloy, whi~h
may he removed by reheat treating
and/or working.
Precipitation The formatlo11 of a new phase by cool-
ing a oolld solution to the supersatur-
ated state and allowing the super-
saturated solution to partially return
to equllJbrlum by the formation of a
lea concentrated solld solution and a
new phase.

Precipitatlo11 hardelllng Hardening of an alloy by precipitation.

Process anneal See anneal, process.

Quenching Rapid cooling by Immersion or spray-

ing with a Uquld medium or contact
with a solld.

A large grsln structure obtained by

hsatlng aboft the recryatalllzatl on
temperature of previously cold worked
metals.

Refrigerating Same as cold treating, or holding

solution treated alloy at a low tempera-
ture, In order to prevent natural aging.

Senait!Ulg Developing a ooeditioll, In Btalnless DelSnltlon taken from "Metals Handbook, " Vol. I, 8th Ed!Uon
steela, which ill auaoeptihls to Inter- (19111)

r---------------
 REVISEDMARCH 1968 APPENDIX
EFFECTS OF NOTCHES AND CRACKS
ON STATIC STRENGTH
By W. F. Brown, Jr.
What follows is a discussion of the va.rlous types of data reported In
i:llls ii:mdbook that are derived from tests on notched or crack.."'<i
speclnens. The primary objective Is to describe the means or re-
presontatlon employed and to provide certain cautions regarding the
t!llld!;cering Interpretation of these kinds of data.
Stat!: notch strength data have been Incorporated Into this Handbook
~!:;co Its Inception, althougb, as will bo discussed, It has rather
limited practical usefulness. Starling In 1962 efforts were made to
include strength data from specimens containing natural cracks or
very sharp machined notches Intended to simulate the behavior of
cracks. The fracture tougbness va.lues Kc and Klc derived from
va.rlous types of specimens were also frequently ln<iluded. This In-
formation represented attempts to measure Important Indices of
fracture behavior at the same time tho research need to ptccisoly
define these quantities was underway. This research, which Is
still continuing, has developed a better understanding of the limi-
tations of elastic fracture mechanics and the procedures necessary
to measure fracture toughness values. ll has therefore been
necessary to change tho basla for selection of fracture toughness
data reported In thts Handbook. In particular, the so-called plano
stress fracture toughness Kc baa been shown to need a more
precise definition In terms of the experimentally measured quan-
titios(l). For these reasons Kc values are not reported In the new
alloy chapters and will be removed from existing chapters during
revision.
NOTCH STRENGTH
Two types of notch data are considered In the Handbook presentat-
Ions. Data from specimens having extremely sharp notches Intend-
ed to simulate the action of cracks and data from more "mildly''
notched specimens Intended to show the Influence of stress concen-
l.... tratlons such as mlgbt be represented by threads fU:ets or holes.
The representation and use ~f sharp notch data Is discussed In tho
noxt section on ''Crack Strength Data". Ths data from mildly notch-
ed specimens Is most generally represented In terms of notch
strength (maximum load divided by tho Initial load supporting cross
sections) but sometimes Includes the notch ductility (based on the
ratio between notch cross-sectional area) at fracture to the Initial
notcb cross-sectional area). Frt'tjuenUy also tho ratio between
tho notch strength and the ultimate tensile or yield strength Is given
and designated as the notch tensile or yield strength ratio.
When presenting strength data from notch tests It has been customary
to use tho theoretical elastic stress concentration Kt as character-
Izing pertinent features of the notch geometry. However, the Kt
va.lue Is a function only of dimensionless ratios and therefore the
same stress concentration can bo obtained from specimens of
different absolute size. Because the fracture strength can be a
function of specimen size the elastic stress concentration factor Is
not an adnquate description of notch specimen geometry. There-
fore, representations of notch data In this Handbook will whenever
possible Include tho pertinent dimensions of the specimen as well
as the Kt value.
Tho reader should observe certain precautions when using notch
data. Tbcso data cannot bo used to dotormlno load carrying cap-
acity In service unless there Is a ono-to-ono correspondence
between the size and geometry of the service componl!tlt and tho
notch specimen. Tho notch strength of different alloy conditions may
be compared on a relative basis only U tho noh!h specimens used
aro of the same size and notch geometry. While a comparison of
smooth and notch strength for a gtven alloy may glvo some Idea of
the effects of stress concentration, Information obtained for one
notch geometry and specimen size cannot be used to judge the re-
oponse of the material to a differl!tlt notch geometry or specimen
size.
r"or those reasons data from mildly notched specimens has beer
gtven only a limited amount of attootlon In tho Handbook.
c
CHACK STRENGTH
As is now widely recognized, the load carrying capaolly of struc-
tures made of hlgb strength alloys Is often determined not by the
resistance to gross distortion (general yielding) but by the realo-
tance tO crack propagation wblob may occur at stresses well below
the uniaxial yield strength.
The Information obtained from teats of mildly notehed specimens
generally cannot be Interpreted In terms of the effects of cracka or
crack-Uks flaws on the strength. For this reason specimens con-
taining cracks or extremely sharp notches are used to eva.luate
crack propagation resistance.
Symmetrically Cracked Specimens
Data from symmetrically cracked specimens loaded In tension Ia
represented In terms of the crack strength, or under special
circumstances discussed In the last section, as fracture tougbnesa
values. The crack strength Is defined as the maximum load divided
by the Initial uncracked area of the specimen. Center cracked or
double edge cracked plate specimens are generally used to deter-
mine tho crack strength of flat rolled products. Ciroumferl!tltlally
notched and fatigue cracked round bars are ~o employed to deter-
mine crack strength, particularly or heavy aecuons. Frequently,
a very sharp notch (notch radlua<O.OOllnch) Ia uaed to simulate
the action of a crack In double edge notched plato or clroumfer-
enUally notehed round specimens. The strength values from such
specimens are designated as the sharp notch stri!Jigth. Standard 3-
lnch wide center cracked and double edge sharply notched sheet
specimens are described In an ASTM Recommended Practice for
Sharp Notch Tension Testing of 111gb Strength Sheet Materlals<21.
This Recommended Practice should be studied as an ald to Inter-
pretations of crack strength or sharp notch strength data from
plate or shoot specimens. Methods for conducting teats with sharp-
ly notched cylindrical specimens are discussed In the 4th Report of
ASTM Committee E-24 on Fracture Testing of Metals(3).
The ratio between the crack strength or the sharp notch otrength
and the yield strength Is a useful Indicator of the crack propagation
reelatance of materials undo? static loading providing the following
conditions are fulfilled: (I) lhla ratio Ia Ieos than unity for plate
specimens and leas than about I. 2 for notched round bars, (2) the
thickness tested Ia tho same as that employed In service, and (3)
comparisons between different rolaterlal conditions ar>a made using
tho same size specimen.
The crack propagation of aircraft skin alloys Ia frequently judged
by means of tension teste on wide panels contrJinlng narrow central
slots or slots terminating In fatigue cracka.. An alloy Is character-
Ized by a plot of so-called "residual strength" as a function of crack
length. The residual strength Ia generally taken as the groso fract-
ure strength of the panel (maximum load divided by the groso area).
Various methods have been proposed to correlate auoh data with
the object of predicting the doPI!Jidence of residual strength on crack
length from tests on speclmi!Jia of a single crack length. Some
formulations also lnwlve tho smooth tensile properties or tho
material. A review of.thoae methods has been made by Broek(4).
E'ssentlally they amount to curve fitting procedures and tbc parti-
cular one chooen \!lluld dePI!Jid to a large extent on t!le applloatlon
at hand. For this reason these correlating melbcda are not used
In this Handbook and residual strl!tlgth data are presented either
directly or In the form of the noteh strength.
In addition, to the commonly employed crack tests diacuued above,
so-called tear tests are sometimes used to eva.luate the crack pro-
pagation resistance of sheet material. The specimen may be either
centrally notched or edge notched and Ia tested In tension. The
notches are either fatigue cr""k Upped or are very sbarp(5)(6).
The energy for crack propagation lo derived from a load deformation
(head movement) curve and lhla value dl vided by the net area Ia
reported as the Unit Propagation Energy. '!'"ts of thts type are
often used to eva.luats tough sheet alloyo ~f relatively low yield
strength. Howuver, the propagation energies are often dl'lloult to
Interpret and are not clearly related to the strength valuee derived
from the more commonly employed crack speclmene. Fol: thts
l"naaon tear test Information Is not generally reported In thts Hand-
book.
APPENDIX C
PAlE I
 APPENDIX
Surface Crack Specimens
Service failures arc frequently found to originate from cracks that
penetrate pnrt wny thl'OUgh the thickness of a component. For this
reason surface crack plate epccimens are often employed to simul-
ate the weakening effect of this type of flaw. These plate tension
specimens Cirst suggested by Strawlcy(7) contain a faiigue Induced
semlcJIIpUcai crack, perpendicular to the plate surface and extend-
Ing psrt way through the thickness. The ellipticity depends some-
what on the depth but generally the length of these cracks is about
three to four times the depth. Depending on tho appllcnUon, the
ratio of depth to plate thickness may vary from a small fraction to
as high as 0. B. A particular material condition Is characterized by
a plot of crack strength (In this case based on the gross section
area) as a function of some measure of crack size. The purpose
or such a plot Is to estimate the weakening eCCcct of cracks of
various sizes or to estimate the size of crack that might cause
failure at some stress level of Interest.
Any Interpretation of surface crack data should take the Collowl:>g
factors Into account. Not all 8ervlce failure origins arc scml-
elllpltlcalln shape, some of them being quite Irregular. The weak-
ening effect of a surface crack of a given depth Increases with Its
length. This effect of shape colnpllcatcs the representation of sur-
face crack data and it would be desirable to have a single "crack
sl?.e" index that Incorporates this shape effect. Except possibly
Cor very brittle materials, there Is no completely satisfactory
Index. A widely used procedure Is based Cln an approximate clastic
crack stress anal!'tlis of the semlelliptlcal crack given by JrwtniB).
The crack size In this analysis Is represented by a/ 2 where
J:~--'[
rf,2 __
'f' v 1-~
c2
] Sin2 9 d9
with c being the half crack length and a the crack depth. Values
of r/J 2 can be obtained from tables of elliptical integrals or from
reference (9). Some Investigators prefer to Incorporate a crack
Up plastic zone correction into the crack size index and express
the crack size as n/Q where
~~/]
2 Part 31,1\!ay 1967, p. 945.
Q =[ - o.m
with (f b6ing the gross stress of the specimen at failure. This Is
a highly npproximate correction to dJ 2 that Is In most cases rather
small. For these reasons plots In fuls Handbook generally show
as a function of a/r!J 2 mther than a/Q.
While the lnterpref.atlon of surface crack strength data requires
considerable experience, this test hru: proven very useful In model-
Ing the type of Claw frequently encountered In service and permitt-
Ing estimates of critical flaw sizes without resort to a fracture
mechanics analysis. As will be cllseusscd In the next section, the
test Is particularly valuable whore the thickness of the component
may be Insufficient to permit an analysis by linear elastic fracture
mechanics.
~E STRAIN FRACTURE TOUGHNEss
Tho term fracture toughness Is used In .his Handbook to designate
an Index of static crack propagation resistance that Is obtained by
testing specimens containing cracks and which Is Invariant In re-
spect to specimen size and tho manner of applying the external
loads. The basis for such an index has been the linear elastic
crack stress analysis npproach suggested by Irwtn(IO). This
approach directs attention to the elastic stress singularity at the
crack Up which Is characterized by the stress Intensity factor K,
where K Is a function or the upplled load, crack slz:. and geometry
of the specimen containing the crack. Fracture Is &Sull'ed to
occur when K reaches a critical value. This conctpt has proven
very useful In fracture testing and design analysis but Is somewhat
more limited In Its application than was first thought.
Those limitations are discussed In a recent publication by Brown
and Srawley (11). They arise because K Is derived from a two-
dimensional linear clastic analysis and then used to characterize
the fractarc behavior of three-dimensiona l real materials that
often exhibit substantial amouni.G of plastic flow In tho region of
the crack tip. However, It has buen shown(ll) that If this region
APPENDIX: C
PAGE 2
c REVISED MARCH 1968
of plastic disturbance Is small In compsrtson wtth the crack length
and other specimen dimensions (sometimes called a situation of
small scale yielding), crack propagation will occur at a critical
value of tho stress Intensity factor K. The necessary restrictions
on the relative size of the pll!stic zone lcsd to certain minimum
specimen size requirements which Increase rapidly with decrease
In yield strength and Increase In the critical value or K. For
practical purposes fracture toughness tests are presently confined
to sltaatlons where the specimen thickness Is suCCiclent to ensure
crack propagation will occur under plane stmln conditions. These
conditions provide high constmlnt to plastic flow and consequently
minimize the region of plastic disturbance at tho crack Up. The
critical value of the stress Intensity factor for a fracture mnde
characterized by small scale yielding and plane strain conditions
at the crack tip is called tho plane strain Crach!.re toughness K I
It can be useful in estimating the load carrying capacity of struc'i-
ures providing the structure falls by this mode or crack propagat-
Ion. This type of failure requires suCCiclent thickness. If the
thickness Is Insufficient, use of K
1 will give a lower bound on
the fracture strength. Where the thickness Is Insufficient for a
K Ic analysis it Is possible to usc surface crack tests to estimate
critical flaw sizes. However, such tests arc generally unsuitable
for Kic determination( II).
Procedures for conducting K I., tests have been formulated by
the ASTM and those who arc Interested In this type of information
should study the recently Issued Proposed Recommended Practice
for Plane Strain Fracture Toughness Tcstlng(l2) and its backl(l'Ound
documents(ll)(l3 ). It will be the gcneml practice In this Handbook
to report Kic data only when such datlo. Is derived from tests which
conform In all important respects to the ASTM R. P .(12).
REFERENCES
I. J. E. Srawlcy and W. F. Brown, Jr.: "Fracture Tough-
ness Testing Methods", ASTM STP 381,1965, p. 133.
2. Proposed Recommended Practice Cor Shnrp Notch Tension
Testing of lllgh Strength Materials, ASTM Standards,
3. "Screening Tests for High Strength Alloys Using Sharply
Notched Cylindrical Spec! moos", Fourth Report of a
Special ASTM Committee, Materials Research and
Standards, Vol. 2, No. 3, March 1962, p.196.
4. D. Brock: "The Residual Strength of Cracked Sheet and
Structures", NLR TM M2135, National Lucht -en
Rulmtevanrtlabora toriJm, National Aero and Astronauti-
cal Research Institute, Amsterdam, August 1964.
5. W. F. Brown, Jr.: "Mechanical Screening Tests for
Sheet Alloys", Proceedings, Seventh Sagamore Ordnance
Materials Research Conference, Syracuse University
Research Institute, 1960.
6. J. G. Kaufman and Marshall Holt: "Fracture Chamctor-
lstlcs of Aluminum Alloys", Alcoa Research Lnboratorlea
TP No.18, Alcoa Pitts. Pa1965.
7. C. D. Beachem and J. E. Srawlcy: "Fracture Tests of
Surface Cracked Specimens of AMS 6434 Steel Sheet",
NRL Memo, Report 1097, Sept.1060.
B. G. R. Irwin: "Crack Extension Force for a Part Through
Crack In a Plate", Journal of Applied Mechanics Vol.
84E, No. 4, 1962.
9. "The Slow Growth and Rapid Propagation of Cracks:
Second Report of a Special ASTM Committee", Materials
Research and Standards, Vol. 1, No. 5, Mayl961, p .389.
10. G. R. Irwin: "Fracture Strengths Relative to the Onset
and Arrest of Crack Propagation", Proc. ASTM Vol. 58,
1958, p. 640.
11. w. F. Brown, Jr. and J. E. Srawley: "Plane Strain
Crack Toughness Testing of High Strength Materiala",
ASTM STP410, 1966.
12. "Recommended Practice for Plano-Btmin FracturJ
Toughness Testing of High Strength Metallic Materials
Using a Fatigue Cracked Bend Specimen", to be published
ASTM Book of Standards, 1968, Ft. 31.
13. J. E. Srawley, M. II. Jones, and W. F. Brown, Jr.
"Determination of Plane Stmin Fracture Touglmoss",
Materials Research and Standards, Vol. 7, No. 6.
p. 262.
 REVISED DECEMBER 1971 APPENDIX D AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK

- CROSS INDEX OF ALLOYS

' ,,
DESIGNATION VOL.UME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE
u 0. 5 percent TI-Molybdenum Alloy
4Al-3Mo-1 V Titanium Alloy
3
2
5302
3703
5056
5456
2
2
3302
3303
5Al-1.5Cr-1.5Fe-1Mo-Titanlum Alloy 2 3704 6061 2 3206
5Al-2. 75Cr-l. 25Fe Titanium Alloy 2 3705 6062 2 3206
5Al-2.5Sn Titanium Alloy 2 3706 6062 SAE 211 2 3206
5Al-5Sn-5Zr-TI Alloy 2 3716 7001 AI 2 3218
5 Cr- Mo- V Aircraft Steel 1 1218 7075 2 3207
5Cr- tntra High Strength steel 1 1218 7079 2 3209
5NI-Cr-Mo-V 1 1216 7178 2 3210
6Al-4V Titanium Alloy 2 3707 8630 !208
6Al-6V-2Sn-TI Alloy 2 3715 863011 1208
7Al-4Mo Titanium Alloy 2 3708 52100 1 1207
8Al-1Mo-1 V-TI Alloy 2 3709 A10, G 2 3509
8Al-2Cb-1 Ta Titanium Alloy 2 3710 A-40 2 3701
8Mn Titanium Alloy 2 3712 A-55 2 3701
8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al Titanium Alloy 2 3721 A-70 2 3701
9NI-4CO 1221 A-78S 2 3210
12Ni Maraglng 1222 A-110 AT 2 3706
12NI-5Cr-3Mo Maraglng steel 1222 A-140 2 3101
15-5Pil 1513 A-286 1 1601
16-15-6 1 1605 A 356 2 3105
16-25-6 Alloy 1606 AA-5052 (SAE) 2 3301
16-25-6 M 1 1605 ACI CB 30 (Cast) 1 140{
17-4PH 1 1501 ACI-CF-3 1303
17-7 PH 1502 ACI-CF-8 1303
17-7 Steel 1301 AF-71 1508
17-22A (S) steel 1210 AFC-77 1509
17-22A (V) steel 1211 AISI 201 1312
18NI-Maraglng (250 Grade) 1220 AISI 301 Steel 1301
18NI-Maraglng (300 Grade) 1225 AISI No. 610 1218
18NI (200) Maraglng 1223 AlSI No. 632 1503
18NICOMo (250 Grade) 1 1220 AlSI No. 635 1 1511
18NICOMo (200 Grade) 1 1223 AISI No. 683 3 420&
IBN! (250) Maraglng Steel 1220 AISI No. 687 3 4207
18NI (300) Maraglng Steel 1225 AISI 4130 1 1201
18 percent nickel prcclpltuUon- AlSI 4140 1 1203
. hardening steel 1225 AIS!4337 1 1206
'18-7-5 1220 AlSI 4340 1 1206
18-8 Austenitic stnlnless Steel 1301 AlSI 8630 1 1208
18-8-3 1223 A!Sl E 9310 1209
18-8Cb Stainless steel 1 1309 AlSI E 9310 H 1209
18-8Mo stnlnless steel 1 1307 A!Sl S2100 1 1207
18-8 + Mo 1307 AlSI Type 301 and Type 302 Stnlnless Steel 1 1301
18-8-S, 18-8-Se 1302 AlSI Type a03 and 303 Se Austenitic Stn!nles1.
18-8 Steels 1301, 1303 Steel 1302
18-8 Tl Stnlnless Steel 1308 AlSI Type 304 and Type 304L
18-12 Stainless Steel 1304 Austenitic Stnlnless Steel 1303
19-9 DL 1 1311 AlSI Type 305 Austenitic Stnlnlcss steel 1304
19-9 DX
19-9 W (weldlng wire coated electrodes)
1 ..
'1311
1311
AlSl Type 310 and 310S stnlnlcss Steel
AlSI Typos 316, 316L, 317
1305
1307
19-9 W Mo (coated electrodes) 1 1311 A!Sl Type 321 Austenitic Stainless Steel 1308
25-20 Stninloss Stool 1 1305 AlSI Type 347 and 348 Austenitic
40E Alloy 2 3106 St:unloss steels 1 1309
99TI 2 3701 AlSI Types 403, 416, and 416Se 1401
203EZ 1 1313 AI 2618 2 3213
220 2 3103 AI 6061 2 3206
250 AM 1220 AI 7039 2 3212
300 Grado Maraglng Steel 1225 Alclad 2024 2 3204
300-M 1217 Alclad 5056 2 3302
310 (SAE) 2 3106 Alclad 7075 2 3208
355 2 3104 Alclad 7178 2 3210
356 2 3105 Alcodle 1 1218
418 Special 1 1407 Alloy 40E 2 3106
713C 3 4119 Alloy 718C 3 4103
713-LC 3 4108 Almar 18 (250 Grnr.le) 1220
882 Mel-Trol 1218 Almar 18 (200 Grade) 1223
2014 2 3201 Almar 362 1512
2021 2 3216 Aluminum Alloy 7039 2 3212
2024 2 3203 AM100A 2 3509
2219 2 3205 AM 350 1 1504
4130 1201 AM355 1505
4140 1203 AM 362 1512
4330 Mod 1204 AM363 1409
4330 V Mod 1204 AMS (Aluminum)
4335 Modified 1205 4015E 2 3301
4335 V Mod 1205 4016E 2 3301
4337 1206 4017E 2 3301
4340 1206 4021B 2 3206
5052 2 3301 4022'8 2 3206
 AEROSPACJ! STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK
REVISED DECEMBER 1971

DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE

(AMS (Aluminum ) cont'd)
(AMS (Aluminum ) cont' d) I
4023B i
2 3206 4218A \..._.-
40250 2 3105
2 3206 4227A
40260 2 3101
2 3206 4230C
4027E 2 3102
2 3206 4231C
4028A 2 3102
2 3201 4240C
4029A 2 3103
2 3201 4260
4031 2 3105
2 3205 4280E
4033 2 3104
2 3203 4281C
4034A 2 3104
2 3203 4282E
4035E 2 3102
2 3203 4283D
4036 2 3102
2 3203 4284D
4037E 2 2 3105
3203 4285
4038 2 2 3105
3207 4286A
4039 2 2 3105
3207 AMS (Magnesium )
4040E 2 3204 4350F
4041F 2 2 3603
3204 4352A
4042E 2 2 3506
3204 4358A
4043 2 3206 2 3603
4044B 4360C
2 3207 2 3501
4045B 4362 2
2 3207 3506
4375D 2
4046 2 3601
3208 4376A
4047B 2 2 3601
3208 4377A
4048C 2 2 3601
3208 4384A
19C 2 2 3503
3208 4385B
151A 2 3503
2 3210 4388 2
4052A 3505
2 3210 4389
4053 2 3505
2 321)6 4390A
4069 2 3504
2 3301 4395
4070F 2 3403
2 3301 4418A
4071F 2 3406
2 3301 44200
4079 2 3401
2 3206 4422H
4080E 2 3401
2 3206 4424F
4081A 2 3401
2 3206 4434F
4082E 2 3403
2 3206 4437
40830 2 3402
2 3206 4442A
4086F 2 3404
2 3203 4443A
4087B 2 3405
2 3203 4445A
4088E 2 3503
2 3203 4453 3403
4091 2
2 3206 4484E 3403
4092 2
2 3206 44900 3402
4093 2
2 3206 AMS (Titan!um)
4114D 2 4900A
3301 2 3701
4115 4901B
2 3206
4116A 2 3701
2 3206 4902
4117A 2 3701
2 3206 4908A
4119A 2 3712
2 3203 4910A
4120E 2 3706
2 3203 4911A
4121C 2 3707
2 3201 4917
4122C 2 3713
2 3207 4926 2
4123A 3706
2 3207 4929 2
4127B 3105
2 3206 4941 2
4132A 3701
2 3213 49S3 2
4134A 3706
2 3201 4954A 2
4135J 3707
2 3201 4955 2
4136 3709
2 3209 4966 2
4138 3706
2 3209 4969 2
4139F 3701
2 3207 AMS (Corre>lon and Heat RuslstJmt Alloys)
4146 2 53500
3206 1401
4150C 2 5351B
3206 1401
4152F 2 5352A
3203 1405
4153B 2 3201 5353
4154F 1404
2 3207 5354B
4155A 1407
2 3206 5355A
4158 1501
2 3210 5358
4160 1301
2 3206 5359
4161 1505
2 3206 53 GOB
4164A 1307
2 3203 5361B
4165A 1307
2 3203 53620
4168 1309
2 3207 5363B
4169A 1309
2 3207 5365A l
4170 1305
2 3207 5366A
4171A 1305
2 3209 5368
4182A 1505
2 3302 5369A
4210F 1311
2 3104 5370
4212E 2 1303
3104 5371 1
42140 1303
2 3104 5372
4215A 1 1404
2 3104 5373A
42170 3 4304
2 3105 537GB
1602

------
 REVISED DECEMBER l97t AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS IIANilBOOK

OESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE

\ (AMS (CGrrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys) cont'd) (AMS (Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys) cont'd)
'---' 5382B 3 4305 56160 1 1407
5384 3 4206 5620B 1 1402
5387 3 4304 5621 1 1402
5388B 3 4110 5628B 1 1404
5389A 3 4110 5630C 1 1405
5390 3 4112 5631 1 1405
5398A 1 1501 5632B 1 1405
55040 1 1401 563 1:A 1 1301
5505 1 1401 5637A 1 1301
5506 1 1402 5639A 1 1303
5508 1 1407 5640F 1 1302
5509 3 4109 5&41A 1 1302
&510H 1 1308 5642C 1 1302
5511A 1 1303 5643E 1 1501
5512B 1 1309 5644A 1 1502
5513 1 1303 5645G 1 1308
5514A 1 1304 5646E 1309
55150 1 1301 5647A 1303
5516E 1 1301 5648C 1 1307
55170 1 1301 5649 1 1307
5518C 1 1301 56510 1 1305
5519E 1 1301 5652B 1306
5520A 1 1503 5657 1 1503
5521B 1 1305 5660A 3 4107
5522B 1 1306 5665F 3 4101
5524B 1 1307 5667F 3 4105
5525B 1 1601 56680 3 4105
5526C 1311 5669 3 4105
5527A 1 1311 5671 3 4105
5528A 1 1502 5673A 1 1502
5529A 1 1502 5680B 1 1309
5530C 3 4110 5681A 1 1309
5531 1 1602 5685C 1 1304
5532B 1 1602 568GA 1 1304
5533A 1 1603 5687C 3 4101
5534A 3 4303 5688C 1 1301
5536C 3 4112 5689 1 1308
5537B 3 4302 5690E 1 1307
5538 1311 5691B 1 1307
5539 1 1311 5694B 1305
5541A 3 4104 5695A 1305
5542G 3 4105 5697 1 1303
5543 1 1609 5698B 3 4105
5545 3 4205 5699B 3 4105
5546 1 1504 5712 3 4205
5547A 1 1505 5713 3 4205
5548A 1 1504 5720A 1 1311
5549B 1 1505 5721B 1311
5550A 3 4102 5722A 1311
5551 3 4202 5723 1 1311
5554 1 1504 5724 1311
5556A 1 1309 5725A 1606
5557A 1 1308 5727B 1606
5558 1 1309 5728B 1606
5559A 1308 5729 1 1311
55600 1 1303 5731A 1 1601
55650 1 1303 5732A 1601
5566C 1303 5733B 1 1605
5568 1 1502 5734 1601
5570G 1308 5735E 1 1601
5571B 1309 573GB 1 1601
5572B 1305 5737B 1 1601
5S73C 1307 5738 1 1302
5575F 1300 5741B 1609
5576C 1308 5742 3 4107
5577A 1305 5743C 1 1505
5579 1311 5745 1 1504
5580C 3 4101 5746 3 4109
5582 3 4105 5750 3 4110
5585 1 1602 5751 3 4206
55910 1 1401 5753 3 4206
5594 1 1505 57540 3 4112
5596A 3 4103 5756 3 4202
5598 3 4105 5'157 3 4202
5610E 1401 5759B 3 4302
5612 1401 5765A 3 ~3
5613E 1401 5768E 1 1602
5614 1401 5769 1602
 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL ~IETALS HANDBOOK
REVISED DECEMBER 1971

DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE

(AMS (Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys) cont'd)
AZ91 2 \
5770B 3402
5774
1 1603 AZ91 (A, B and C) 2 3402
'-
1 1504 AZ92A
5775 2 3403
1 1504 B-66
5776 3 5208
1 1401 B 120 VCA Titanium Alloy
5777 2 3713
1 1401 B 195
5778 2 3102
3 4105 Be-38 percent AI
5780 3 5102
1 1505 Beryllium, Commercial ly pure
5781 3 5101
1 1505 BetaTi
5788 2 3713
3 4304 C-llOM
5794A 2 3712
1 1602 C-115MoV
5795B 2 3703
1602 C-120 AV 2
5796 3 1707
4302 C-135 AMo 2
>;797 3 4302 708
C355 2
5'i:1~ 3 ll04
4112 CA-15 1
5799 3 4112 1401
CA-40 1
5800 3 4205 1402
Carpenter 41 3
5804A 1 1601 4205
CllBtd!e 1
5805A 1 1601 1218
Cb-1Zr 3
5812A 1 1503 5207
Cb-10Ti-5 Zr 3
5813 1 5205
1503 Cb-10Ti-10M o-0.1C 3
5817 1 5202
1407 Cb-10W-1Z r-0.1C 3
5821 1 5204
1401 Cb-10W-5M o-1Zr 3
5825 1 5203
1501 Cb-15W-5M o-1Zr-0.1C 3
5827 1 5203
1401 Cb-28Ta-10W -1Zr 3
6260F 1 5206
1209 Cb 1a2/I32M
6265A 1 3 5210
1209 Cb-751
6280C 3 5207
1 1208 Cb-752
o2e1B 3 5209
1 1208 CF-3
6302 1 1303
1210 CF-8
6303 1 1303
1211 CF-20
6350C 1 1301
1201 CF-3M
6351 1307
1201 CF-8C
6354 1309
1102 CF-8111
6355F 1307
1208 CF-12M
6359A 1307
1206 CF-16F
63600 1302
1201 CF-130AM (RC-130B) 2
6361 3702
1 1201. CF-239
6362 3 4308
1 1201 CK-20
6370D 1 1305
1201 Clad 2014
6371C 2 3201
!201 Clnd 2024 2
6378 3204
1203 Clad 2219
6379 2 3205
1203 Clnd 7075
6381A 2 3208
1203 Clad 7178
03820 2 3210
1203 Clad X-2020
6385 1 2 3202
1210 Columbium, Commcrciol ly pure
6390 3 5201
1203 Columbium Stabilized 18-8 Steel 1
0412D 1309
1205 Commcrciol ly pure Titanium
6413C 2 3701
1205 CorTcn
6415E 1101
1206 Cr- Mo- V (low V)
6418B 1218
1214 Crucible B 120VCA
6427B 2 .3713
1204 Crucible 06 Alloy Steel
6428B 1213
1205 Crucible 218 (Holcomb 218)
6431 1218
1203 Crucible 422
6436 1214
1211 Crucible IINJ\1
6437 1506
1218 Crucible HY-Tuf
64400 1214
1207 DGA, DGAC
6441B 1213
1207 D-G-AC Electric Furnace I
6444A 1213
1207 D-6 A V Vacuum Degassed
6458A 1 1213
1210 D-11
6460 3 5207
1102 D-31 3
6485A 5202
1218 D-36
6487 3 5205
1218 D-43
65300 3 5204
1208 0979 3
65500 4109
1208 Olea B Modiilcd
7223 1 1218
3203 Dlscoloy 1
7235 1604
1601 Discoloy 24 1
7848 1604
5402 Dow Metal FSI 2
ASTM A296-49F, 55, GOT (Cnst) 1 3601
1404 Dow Metal H 2
Astroloy 3 3401
4207 Dow Metal J 1
AUilB 59 1 2 3G03
1218 Dow Metal <>-1
AU 2 GN (French) 2 2 3501
3213 Dow Metal R
AZ31A 2 2 3402
3601 Dural
AZ31B 2 2 3203
3601 Durolumln
AZ31X 2 2 3203
3601 Oycca&t No. I
AZ61A 1 1218
3603 Oynaflex 1
AZ63A 2 1218
3401 E 9310
AZ80t\ 2 1 1209
3501 EK31XA
AZ80X 2 3502
2 3501 Eureka 1000 - Welding Hod 1 1218
REVISED DECEMBER 1971 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK

DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE

EZ33A 2 3404 Ladish D-6-A (Consumable Electrode

F-48 3 5203 Vacuum Melt) 1 1213
Fansteel 222 Metal 3 5404 Ladish D-6-A 1 1213
Fire die 1 1218 Lockalloy 3 5102
Free M:>chlning 18-8 Sta lnless Steel 1 1302 Low Carbon 18-8 Stninless Steel 1 1303
Frontier 40E 2 3106 111-252 3 4202
F5-80Cb Alloy 3 5207 Illegal 1 1218
F&-85 3 5206 l\l:u-M-200 3 4211
GMR-235 3 4114 Mnr-M-302 ~ 4309
GMR-2450 3 4114 Mntrlx 2 Steel 1 1219
Grade C-MAR-18-300 1 1225 Mazlo AM-263 2 3402
Greek Ascaloy 1 1407 Mazlo AM- 265 2 3401
lf-11 1 1218 Mazlo AMC 52 S 2 3601
lf-11 Mod 1 1218 Mazlo AMC 58 S 2 3501
Hastelloy Alloy C 3 4110 Mo-0.5T! 3 5302
Hastelloy Alloy R-235 3 4111 Modified AlSI Type H-11 Steel 1 1218
Haynes Alloy Ta-782 3 5402 Mod Holform No. 2 1 1218
Hastelloy Alloy X 3 4112 Molybdenum, - 0. 5 percent T! Alloy 3 5302
Hastelloy C 3 4110 Molybdenum, Commercially pure 3 5301
Hastelloy X 3 4112 Molybdenum, base alloy 3 5303
Haynes Alloy Cb-752 3 5209 Monel K-500 :J 4116
Haynes Alloy No. 25 3 4302 Monel Alloy K-500 3 4116
Haynes Alloy No. 36 3 4302 MSRA (British) 2 3406
Haynes Alloy No. R 41 3 4205 l\ISRB (British) 2 3406
Haynes Alloy No. 100 3 4212 111ST-5Al-2.5So 2 3706
Haynes Alloy No. 151 3 4301 IIIST-6Al-4V 2 3707
Haynes Alloy No. 152 3 4309 IIIST-7Al-4Mo 2 3708
Haynes Alloy No. 713C (Vacuum Cast) 3 1119 MST-8111n 2 3712
Haynes Stclllto Alloy No. 6 3 4304 MST-40 2 3701
Haynes Stelllte Alloy No. 21 3 4306 MST-55 2 3701
Haynes Stelllte Alloy No. 31 3 4305 MST-70 2 3701
Haynes Stelllto Alloy No. 36 3 1302 MST-431 2 3703
Hlduminiwn RR. 58. (British) 2 3213 MST-821 2 3710
HK 1 1305 MulUmet Alloy 1602
IlK 31A 2 3503 N-155 1602
liM 21A 2 3504 NAX AC 9115 1102
HM 31A 2 3505 NiCr-550 3 4106
Hl\131XA 2 3505 NiCr Alloy X-750 3 4105
IINM 1 1506 Nicrotung 3 {203
IIWD 2 1 1218 Nlmonic BOA 3 1113
IIY-Tuf 1 1214 Nlmonic 90 3 4210
117..32A 2 3408 Nimonlc 105 3 4204
HZ32XA 2 3408 Nlmonlc 115 3 4209
1-400 3 5101 Nltralloy 135 mod 1 1215
ICI-317 2 3706 Nltm.lloy 'l'fpe C mod 1 1215
ICI-318A 2 3707 OMC 165-A 2 !:SOl
IMI-679 2 3711 Ol\IC 164-D 2 3801
IN-100 3 1212 PII-13-SMo 1510
lnco 702 3 4102 Pllloi-8Mo 1507
lnco 713C 3 4119 PII-14-SMo (Pr(l(;ipllaUon hardening steel) 1507
L'lco-731X 3 4212 PIU5-7l\lo 1503
lnco1oy 1G07 Potomac A 121H
lncoloy 802 1610 Pressurdle 3- L 1 1218
lnco1oy 901 3 4107 (P) 2K GOD 2 3506
lnconel 3 4101 PWA 653 3 4308
lnconcl 700 3 4201 QE 22A 2 3406
lnconcl 702 3 4102 R 41 3 4205
lnconel Alloy 600 3 4101 Rene' 41 3 .;205
lnconel Alloy 625 !) 4117 Rene' 100 3 4212
lnconel 700 Alloy 3 4201 Republic H P 9-4-25 1 1221
lnconcl 713C Alloy (Argon or Vacuum Cast) 3 4119 Republic liP 9-4 XX 1 1221
lnconcl 713 LC (low carbon alloy) 3 4108 Republic RS 120 B 2 3713
lnconcl Alloy 718 3 4103 Republic RS 121 D 2 3713
lnconcl Alloy X-750 3 4105 R~fi-1Al-8 V-5 Fe 2 3719
lnconcl W 3 4104 RMI-6A.l-2Cb-1 Ta-O. SMo 2 3720
lnconcl X 3 4105 RMI-6A.l-2Cb-1 Ta-lMo 2 3720
lnconel X-550 3 4106 R5-40 2 3701
<nco Ultra lllgh Strength Steel 1 1217 R5-55 2 3701
J-1500 3 4202 R5-70 2 3701
J-1610 3 4205 R5-llOA 2 3712
KO 1Al 2 311)8 R5-110C 2 :1706
L-605 3 4302 R&-115 2 3703
LA-J.I1 2 3507 H5-120A 2 3707
LA 141A 2 3507 R&-135 2 3708
LA 1~1XA 2 3507 R&-140 2 3705
I..A91 2 3508 RSM 200 (200 Grade) 1 1223
LA91XA 2 3508 RSM 200 (250 Gr~dc) 1220
LA991 2 3508 JlSM 250 1220
 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK REVISED DECEMBER 1971

DESIGNATION VOL.UME CODE DESIGNATION VOL.UME CODE

5-100-C 3 5101 Type 310 1 1305
5-200-C 3 5101 Type 3105 1 1305
5-300-C 3 5101 Type 314 1 1306
8-590 1 1603 Type 316 1 1307
5-816 3 4303 Type 317 1 1307
SAE 4130 1 1201 Type 321 1 1308
SAE4140 1 1203 Type 347 1 1309
SAE 4337 1 1206 Type 348 1 1:10!1
SAE4340 1 1206 Type 403 1 1401
SAE 514~1 1 1209 Types 410 1 1401
SAE 52100, E52100 1 1207 Types 416 1 1401
SAE 60442 (Csst) 1 1204 Type 420 1 1402
SAE 8630 1 1208 Type 420F 1 1402
SAE 9310 1 1209 Type 420 Stainless Steels 1 1402
SCb 990 3 5207 Type 422 Stainless Steels 1403
Stainless 201 1 1312 Type 431 1404
Salnless W 1 1511 Type 440, A, B, C and F 1 1405
Stell!te 6 3 4304 Type H-11 1 1218
Stellltc 21 3 4306 Type H-11 ModW.ed 1 1218
2 3405 TZM 3 ~3()3
Stellite 31
T-1 1103 U-700 3 42115
T-111 3 5403 Udimct N-115 3 4209
T-222 3 5404 Udimet 500 3 420t~
Ta-8W-2. 4HC 3 5403 Udimet 700 3 4207
Ta-10W 3 5402 Unlmacb l (Thermold A) 1 1218
Tantalum, Commcrc1nlly puJ"e 3 5401 Unltemp Rene' 41 3 4205
TDNickel 3 4115 Unltemp 235 3 4111
TDNICr 3 4120 Un!temp 500 3 4206
Ti-l, Typo A 1 1103 US8-12Mo V 1 1406
T1 Commercially pure 2 3701 USS 17-5Mn V 1 1310
T1-1Ai-8V-5Fe 2 3719 USS Airsteel X-200 1 1216
T1-4Ai-3Mo-l V 2 3703 USS CorTen 1 1101
T1-5Ai-l. 5Cr-1. 5Fe-1Mo 2 3704 USS T-1 1 1103
T1-5Ai-1.5Fe-1. 4Cr-l. 2Mo 2 3704 USS T-1, Type A 1 1103
T1-5Ai-2. 5Sn 2 3706 uss "W'' 1 1511
T1-5Ai-2. 75Cr-1. 25Fe 2 3705 V-57 1608
T1-5Ai-4 (cr, Fe, Mo) 2 3704 Vanad111,., Commcrclnlly pure 3 5601
T1-5Ai-4Fe cr 2 3705 Vnacojct MA - Ultra !Ugh Strength Steel 1 1219
T1-5Ai-5SII-5 Zr 2 3716 Vnacojcl 1000 1 1218
Ti-5. 4Ai-l.4Cr-l. 3 Fe-1. 25Mo 2 3704 Vnaco MA l 1219 \ "-
T1-6Ai-2Cb-1Ta-o. 8Mo 2 3720 Vnacomax 180 1 1222
T1-6Ai-2Sn-4Zr2Mo 2 3718 Vnacomax 200 CVM 1 1223
T1-6Ai-4V 2 3707 VnacoMax 250 AM 1 1220
T1-6Ai-4 v, Cast 2 3801 VnacoMax 250 CVM 1 1220
T1-6Ai-6V-2Sn 2 3715 W-545 1 1609
Ti-(6 to 7)Ai-(3 to 4}Mo 2 3708 Wnspnloy 3 4208
T1-7Ai4Mo 2 3717 Westinghouse B-66 3 5208
Ti-7 Ai-12Zr 2 3709 Wl-52 3 4308
T1-8Ai-2Cb-1 Ta 2 3712 X40 3 4305
T1-8Ai-1Mo-1 V 2 :.709 X 75 S 2 3207
T1-8Ai-1Mo-1 V-TI 2 3710 X-110 3 b2M
T1-8Mn 2 :1713 X-2020 2 32!12
TI-8Mo-SV-2Fe-3Ai 2 3721 X-7005 2 3214
T1-13V-11Cr-3Al 2 3701 XM-1 1313
Ti-40 2 3701 ZElOA 2 3602
Ti-55 2 3701 ZG 61 A (ASTM) 2 310~
T1-G5A 2 3701 ZH62A 2 34117
TI-65A 2 3701 ZII62XA 3 34(17
Ti-70 2 3701 Zircnloy-2 2 5701
TI-75A 2 3701 ZK51 A 2 3405
T1-100A 2 3701 ZKGO 2 3506
Tl-153A 2 3704 ZKGOA 2 3506
Ti-621/0.8 2 3720 ZK GOB and (T) 2 3506
Ti-621/1.0 2 3720 ZK61 2 3409
Tl-679 2 ant ZK61A 2 3409
Ti-(40, 000 pal) 2 3701 ZTl 2 3408
Ti-(55, 000 psi) 2 3701
F Tl-(70, 000 psi) 2 3701
Timken 16-25-6 1 1606
Tilanium Stabilized 18-8 Steel 1 1308
Tungsten, Commercially pure 3 5501
Type 201 1 1312
Type 301 1 1301
Type 302 1 1301
Type 303 1 1302
'. Type 303 Se 1 1302
~ Type 304 1 1303
~ Type 304L 1 1303
! Type 305 1 1304

~!: '

'~ ADDI:'fl.lfliY n