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 AFML-TR-68-115
: 1;':"'~,
'(e;'

AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK

1972 PUBLICATION
(with 1971 Supplemen~ IV incorporated)

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES DATA CENTER

BELFOUR STULEN, INC.

= =====t:l=================================
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
r4 ~....r--.....
TECHNICAL MONITORING BY
AIR FORCE MATERIALS LABORATORY
AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND
WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE, OHIO
 NOTICES

When Government drawings, specifications, or other data are used for any
purpose other than in connection with a definitely related Government pro-
curement operation, the United states Government thereby incurs no re-
sponsibility nor any obligation whatsoever; and the fact that the Govern-
ment may have formulated, furnished, or in any way supplied the said
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son or corporation, or conveying any rights or permission to manufacture,
use, or sell any patented invention that may in any way be related thereto.

Certain portions of this Handbook are reproduced from copyrighted publi-

cations with permission of the respective copyright owners. Certain alloy
identifying names used are trademarked. No reproduction of copyrighted
material and no use of trademarked names maybe made without the express
permission of the copyright or trademark owners.

This document has been approved for public release ; distribution

nnlimited. Copies are not available from the Clearinghouse for
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Data Center may be contacted directly for copies or information relative
to the Handbock.

Copyright 1971 by Mechanical Properties Data Center, Belfour Stulen, Inc.,

All rights reserved.
 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK

COORDINATING EDITOR CHIEF TECHNICAL EDITOR

J. WOLF W. F. BROWN, JR.

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS

W. F. BROWN, JR. C. F. HICKEY, JR. J. G. SESSLER

W. W. DYRKACZ J. R. KATTUS J. L. SHANNON,JR.

D. C. GOLDBERG S. S. MANSON DR. R. P. WEI

PRODUCED BY

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES DATA CENTER

TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN 49684
0

'
COOPERATIN G ORGANIZATIO NS
THE HANDBOOK WAS ORIGINATED AND DEVELOPED THROUGH 1967 BY SYRACUSE
UNIVERSITY WITH COOP ERATlON AND CONTRIBUTIVE EFFORT FROM INDIVIDUAL,
CORPORATE, AND GOVERNMENT SOURCES. THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES DATA
CENTER, IN ASSUMING MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE CONTINUATION
i. _~ ... .

OF THE HANDBOOK, IS INDEBTED TO THESE CONTRIBUTORS.

Allison Division, General Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp. Armco Steel Corporation Boeing Company
Motors Corporation G. N. Aggen (Baltimore, Maryland) E. E. Bauer
D. K. Hanlnk A. G. Cook H. W. Garvin M. A. Dlsotell
P. E. Hamilton R. L. Cook K. L. White C. G. TICCany
R. H. Kaltenhauser R. I. Psyclc
R. A. Lula T. E. Molnar Brush Beryllium Company
T. T. Magel B. King
Alloy Casting Institute J. R. Miller
E. A. SchoeCer J. L. Nock Army Materials and Mechanics Cannon- Muskegon Corporation
Research Center A. Dykema
J. I. Bluhm S. Morykawas
F. R. Larson
Allvac
Aluminum Association Carpenter Steel Company
T. E. Williams, Jr.
P. v. Mara c. Brumbach
D. Enkerud
Babcock and Wilcox Comp.llly
Armco Steel Corporl'.tion n. c. Angell Cleveland Refractory Metals
J. N. Barnett J. W. Spelman
L. F. Logby
Aluminum Company oC America M. Marshall The Bendix Corporation
M. Holt D. c. Perry J. L. Beaton Climax Molybdenum Company
L. w. Mayer D. L. Frlsby J. A. Grodrlan J. z. Briggs
,:
 "I
tCI:. Vl~t:.U' Ut~I.Ot:.Mtlt:.l'<

~~f
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.E
~~ -....l
: ~, < rv
5:
,u =! : !~ ~ ~ I
:~
"" OObPlt worinj.jlon--centez
""::. Jmperial MP.taliDdustries, Ltd. North American Rockwell Corp. Tlmken Roller Bearing Company
~tepe M:~zii!,l..:lllstitute S"1,_ I Birmingham 6, Eugla.ad
I
0
P. S. Maynard E. S. :Rowland
=
.....
""
.... "" ~ 1j . : F,::~M~al ' \~ T. E. Green C. P. Weigel
'-'! ~ .. "? North American Rockwell Corp.
6ucible&eel= Company-cl---. IDternational Nickel Company, Inc Los Angeles Division Titanium Metals Corporation
America C. C. Clazk C. L. Davis of America
J. A. Bucy R. T. Decker E. F. Erbln
P. Darby R. W. Fawley North American Rockwell Corp. c. w. Field
R. C. Dursteln K. D. Millis Rocketdyne Division W. W. Mlnlder
A. Kasak c. J. Novak J. A. Doe
R. T. Morelli c. E. Witherell Union Carbide Stellite Company
F. F. Heatley Nuclear Metals, IDe. Division of Union Carbide Corp.
International Nickel Company, IDe. s. H. Gelles F. A. Hughes, Jr.
Curtiss-Wright Corporation Huntington Alloy Products Div. S. J. Me Crncken
v. J. Mehra M.P. Buck Oregon Metallurgical Corp. K. F. Tupper
c. Ciancia E. B. Fernsler Y. Ito E. G. Ridoux
P. Ranson
Defense Metals Information Phelps Dodge Copper Product Div. United States Naval Research
Center, Battelle Memorial Jones and Laughlln Steel Corp. J. J. Conlon Laboratocy
lllstitute R. Scrgeson B. J. Solrls T. Crooker
F. J. Barone G. P. Lohman P. Puzak
H. Brown Pmtt and Whitney Aircraft
R. Favor Kaiser Aluminum and Olemlcal Division of UnitE-d Alrcrn!t Corp. United States Steel Corporation
D.P. Moon Corporation J. E. Arnesen J. M. Barsom
J, D. Jackson L. J. Barker G. F1uery D. J. Carney
B. E. Snyder J. Gross
Douglas Aircraft Company, IDe. J. R. Hamilton
Aircraft !Xvislon Kawecki Berylco Industries J. M. Hodge
J. s. Dunning R. J. Gennone D. W. Kinsey
E. W. Filer Reactive Metals, IDe. A. W. MacLaren
Douglas Aircraft Company, Inc. S. Chinowsky 0. Bertea W. J. Murphy
!.Ussile and Space Systems Div. H. D. Kessler S. Novak
z. P. Zapersteln H. M. Lundstrom L. F. Perter
La.dlsh Company L. G. McCoy A. M. Rathbone
Dow Chemical Company C. K. David G. D. Willette A. K. Shoemaker
H. Baker C. A. Furgason W. A. Spltzlg
M. E. Brooks Republic Steel Corporation G. J. Spaeder
K. E. Nelson Latrobe Steel Company R. Ault Universal-Cyclops steel Corp.
R. s. Hodder E. S. Bower R. W. Koffier
E. 1. D.! Pent de Nemours and Co. R. A. Woodall J. E. Fogarty G. A. IJadls
c. M. Cooper B. Glasgal C. P. Mueller
Lockheed- California Company G. W. Hinkle A. Nagy
Electronic Specialty Company V. D. Moss s. J. Matas
D. Stein R. P. Routt D. H. Ruhnke VASCO
G. E. Wnld J. Savas A. Bayer
Fabricated Metals Division
H. K. Porter Company, Inc. Lockheed- Georgia Company Vanadium-Alloys Steel Company
D. F. Blake W. T. Shuler Reynolds Metals Company J. C. Hamaker, Jr.
H. W. stemme W. E. Kelly D. H. Yates
Fansteel, Inc.
A.M. Bayer
A. W. Dana Lockheed Missiles and Space Co. Rolled Alloys, Inc.
M. Schussler R. W. Fcnn R. W. Boring Vanadium Corporation o!
H. C. Slaughter B. McLeod America
Flrth Sterllng,IDc.
T. W. Merrill
W. A. McKeen The Ma.r<iuardt Corpcr tlon Joseph T. Ryerson ann Son, Inc.
M. J. Aibom R. G. Glass Vought Aeronautics
A. E. Hohman
Frontier Bronze Corporation Marshall Space Flight c,mter Southern Research Institute W. H. Sparrow
T. H. Booth w. A. Mraze:.: J. D. Morrlslon W. B. Vorhcs
J. E. Klngsl7ll'Y
Wah Chang Corporation
gpeclal Metals, In<:. W. T. Belous
General Electric Compa;.:; W. B. Au!derhanr c. Forney
w. G. Baxter Martin Metals Company T. W. Cowan
G. E. Best W. P. Danes! Wa!Mct Alloys Company
B. D.Bowen J. Hockin stainless Foundry and Engineering R. J. Dvorak
H. G. Pcpp C. H. Lund Company G. J. Grott
E. w. Ross J. McBroom, Jr. G. D. Haley
G. J. Wlle Mellon Institute
J. A. Molr G. K. Bhat stondard Pressed steel Company Westinghouse Electric Corporation
C. F1oros R. W. Dague
Great Lakes Steel Corporation Mlsco Precision casting Company P. G. DcHuiT
c. L. Aitenburger R. J. Wilcox Sylvania Electric Products J. K. Wo!Ce
A. J. Block E. T. Pcrtco
J. D. Wright NASA, LeWis Research Center Henry Wiggin & Company, Ud.
G. M. Ault Thompson- Ramo- Wooldridge Hereford, England
The John Hopkins Universl ty Tapco Division H. Hodgus --.........
Applied Physics Laboratory Nitralloy Corporation G. L. Hanna P. A. Morgan
w. c. Caywood c. F. F1oe E. A. stelgerwald R. S. Norton
 FOREWORD

The "Aerospace Structural Metals Handbook" was originally compiled by Syracuse

University under USAF Contract No. AF 33(616)-7792. The contract was initiated
under Project 7381, Task No. 738103 and was administered under the direction of
The!nformation Processing Section, Materials Information Branch, Air Force Ma-
terials Laboratory, with Mr. George C. Young acting as project engineer. The
Handbook became available for distribution in March 1963.

Four revision supplements to the Handbook ASD-TR-63-741 have subsequently been

prepared. The first supplement was compiled under USAF Contract No. AF33(616)-
7792, and the second, third and fourth supplements were compiled under USAF
Contract No. AF33(615)-1184, by Syracuse University.

The contract for continuing assimilation and presentation of data for the Handbook
was awarded to the Mechanical Properties Data Center at Belfour Stulen, Inc., in
September 1966.

The first supplement to the Handbook AFML-TR-68-11 5 was compiled under USAF
Contract No. F33615-67-c-12 54by the Mechanical Properties Data Center, Belfour
Stulen, Inc.

This Handbook is subject to periodic expansion and revision. The editors would be
grateful for comments, suggestions or criticisms from those who utilize the docu-
ment.

Correspondence of this nature should be addressed to:

Mr . .roe Wolf, Handbook Coordinator

Mechanical Properties Data Center
Technical Information Systems Division
Belfour Stulen , Inc.
Traverse City, Michigan 49684

The technical documentary report has been review~d and is approved.

~~,~
Chief, Materials Info?m{c_on Branch
Materials Support Division
AF Materials Laboratory

v
 ABSTRACT

'\'

~ The "1970 Aerospa ce Structur al Metals Handbook", up-dated with the insertion of
Supplem ent n, now contains physical , chemica l, and mechani cal property infor-
mation on 187 metals and alloys of interest for aerospac e structur al applicati ons.
The present Handbook AFML-T R-68-11 5 consists of three volumes as follows:

Volume I: Ferrous Alloys

Volume ll: Non- Ferrous , Light Metal Alloys

Volume llA: Non- Ferrous , Heat Resistan t Alloys

Each volume is self-con tained in a loose-le af, standard 3 post binder. Volume I
contains 67 ferrous alloy chapters ,_.Volum l:ucontai ns 61 chapters on heat resist-
ant alloys. Also included are data source referenc es, a general discussi on of
properti es, a glossary of terms, a discussi on of fracture toughnes s and a cross-
index of the alloys containe d herein. New and revised chapters of the annuai
revision supplem ents are distribut ed on a quarterl y basis to assure currency of
content. (
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The informa tion assemb led in this Handbook has been obtaine d primar ily
from metal alloy produc ers' printed and unprint ed data sheets, Air Force
and other Govern ment agency technic al reports and reports isEued by
Informa tion Centers . In addition , data was acquire d from profess ional
society publica tions, aerospa ce compan ies, air-eng ine manufa ctuers and
fabrica tors of compon ents. The sources of data for each alloy are re-
ference d at the end of each alloy chapter .

The editoria l staff is indebte d to the many persons who have contrib uted
to the generat ion of the Handbook. Contributionb to the present edition
are acknowledged on the contrib utors' page. Acknowledgment is also made
to the many individu als and organiz ations that particip ated in generat ing
the first edition of the Handbook entitled "Air Weapons Materia ls Appli-
cation Handbook-Metals and Alloys" , (ARDC -TR-59 -66), and its supple-
ment (AFSC Supplement I to ARDC- TR-59- 66). Their names appear on
the contrib utors' page of the respect ive editions .

vii
 CONTENTS

COOPERATING ORGANIZATIONS Ui
FOREWORD v
ABSTRACT vi
ACKNOWi..E\tl(;MENTS vii
CONTENTS ix
INTRODUCTION

GENERAL DISCUSSION OF ALLOYS AND THEIR PROPF~TIES 3

0. INTRODUCTION
I. GENERAL
2. PHYSICAL . AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
4. FABRICATION

CODE DESIGNATION REVISED

NICKEL CHROMIUM STEELS CFeNC)

1801 Fe-25NI-15Cr-2T1-1.5Mn-1.3Mo-0.3V ...................................... ...... A-286 Mar68

180Z Fe-20NI-20Cr-20Co-3Mo-2.5W-1Cb , ................................... ,. N-155 Mar63
1803 Fe-20N1-20Cr-20Co-4Cb-4Mo-4W ...................................... ........... s-s!io Mar63
1804 Fe-25NI-14Cr-3Mo-1. 7T1 ...................................... ................ Dlacaloy Mar63
1805 Fe-16Cr-14NI-7 .5Mn-6Mo-0.35N ...................................... ..... ,. 16-15-6 Mar63
160!1 Fe-25NI-16Cr-6Mo ...................................... ...................... 16-25-6 Mar63
1607 Fe-34NI-20Cr IDcoloy Mar63
1608 Fe-25.5Nl-15Cr-3T1-1.25Mo-0.3V-0.25A l .................... , ................... , V-57 Mar63
180i Fe-25NI-13.5Cr-3T1-l. 75Mo-1.6Mn ...................................... ........W-545
1810 Fe-32.5Nl-21Cr-O. 7Sn-o. &OAI ...................................... ........ IDcoloy 802 Mar&ll

IX
 AIIOSPACE 5TIWCI'BAL !!nAL:i IWIUIAUUL

'
\ ....,,_.r_.

DESIGNATION REVISED
CODE

ALUMINUM ALLOYS, CAST (AIC)

J4ar 63
3101 Al-8QJ-6Mg-0 .5Mn-O.Sm ,, , A. 140
Mar63
3102 Al-4.5CU + S1 : 195, B195 Mar63
3103 Al-10Mg ....... 220 Mar63
310-l Al-5SI-1.3CU- 0.5Mg ............. ............. ............. . ~ ............. .. 355, C355
Dec 69
3105 Al-7SI-0.3Mg ............. ............. ............. ............. ........... 356, A.356 Dec 63
3106 Al-5.5Zn-0.6M g-0.5Cr-0.2T1 ............. ............. ............. ............. . 40E
.lim 69
3108 Al-4.6QJ-0,8A g-O. 25Mg-O. 251'1 .............. ...... : ......... ............... . , . Ko-1 Cast

ALUMINUM Ai;.LOYS1 WROUGHT, HEAT TREATABLE (AIWT)

Mar66
3201 Al-4.501-1Mn -1SI-0.5Mg , ........... ............. ....... 2014, Clad 2014
Mar63
3202 Al-4.5Cu-1L1- 0.511tn-0.2Cd ............. ............. ............ X 2020 IUid Clad X 2020
Mar63
3203 Al-4.5Cu-1.5M g-0.6l.'.ln ............. ............. ............. ............. ...... 2024
Mar63
3204 Al-4.5Cu-1.5Mg-0,61.'.1n, Clad ............. ............. ............. ......... Clad 2024
Mar67
3205 Al-601-0. 3Mn-O. 2Zr-0.1 V ............. ............. ............. X 2219 IUid Clad X 2219
Mar66
3206 Al-1Mg-0.6SI -0.25Cu-(0.09 -0.25)Cr ............. ............. ............. ...6061, 6062
............. . 7075 . Mar&
3207 Al-5.6Zn-2.5Mg-1.oCU-O.~Cr ............. ............. .............
Mar63
3208 Al-5.5ZD-2.5M g-1.6CU-0.3C r, Clad ............. ......... Clad 7075
5ept69
3209 Al-4Zn-3Mg-0 .6CU-0.2Cr ............. ............. ............. ............. , .... 7079
Mar68
3210 Al-7Zn-3Mg-2 Cu-0.3Cr ............. ............. ............. .......... 7178, Clad 7178
Mar66
3212 Al-4Zn-2.8Mg -0.25l\ln-0.20 Cr ............. ............. ............. ............. 7039
Mar69
3213 Al-2.5Cu-1.5M g-1.2Nl-1.0Fe -0.2SI-0.1T1 ............. ............. ............. .. 2618
Mar67
:S2lol Al-4. 6Zn-1. 4Mg-O. SMn-0.1 Zr-0.1Cr-O. 031'1 ............. ............. ............ X7005
Mar69
3216 Al-6QJ-0.3Mn -0.18Zr-0.15C a-0.10V-0.06T 1 ............. ............. ............. 2021 JUD 70
3218 Al-7 .4ZD-3.0Mg-2 . 0Cu-0.3Cr......... , ............. , ... , ............. ....... 7001Al

ALUMINUM ALLOYS, WROUGHT, NoT HEAT TREATABLE (AIWN)

Mar65
3301 Al-2.5Mg-0.2 5Cr ............. ............. ............. ............... .......... 5052
Mar65
3302 Al-5Mg-0.12ll tn-0.12Cr ............. . , ............. ............. ............. ..... 5056
Mar65
3303 Al-5.1Mg-0.8 Mn-0.10Cr ........... ....... : ......... ............. ............. .... 5456

APPENDICES
ABBREVIATIONS A
GLOSSARY OF HEATING AND HEAT TREATING TERMS B
FRACTURE TOUGHNESS C
.CROSS INDEX OF ALLOYS D
 INTRODUCTION

The Aerosp ace Structu ral Metals Handbook is publish ed in three volume s. Volume
,
I titled "Ferrou s Alloys" , Volume TI titled "Non-F errous, Light Metal Alloys"
and Volume IIA titled "Non-F errous, Heat Resista nt Alloys" are all constitu ted
with a series of chapter s each dealing with a specific metal or alloy. A unique
code number is assigne d to each metal or alloy so that a group of identica l (or
signific antly similar ) comme rcially designa ted alloys can be referre d to by one
code number . The format is the same for allchap ters. In.addition tothe acknow l-
edgmen t, forewor d, table of content s, and introdu ctory pages the Handbook con-
tains the following:

Genera l Discuss ion of Alloys and Their Proper ties

Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . Abbrev iations
Appendix B ...... ...... Heat Treat Terms
Appendix C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fractur e Toughn ess
Appendix D ...... ....... Cross Index of Alloys

The Handbook was former ly produce d by Syracus e Univeri sity and is now pre-
pared and updated by the Mechan ical Propert ies Data Center. The Data Center,
operate d by Belfour Stulen, Inc. , Traver se City, Michiga n for the United States
Departm ent of Defense is one of several Informa tion Centers under contrac t with
the Air Force Materia ls Labora tory, Wright -Patter sonAir Force Base, Dayton,
Ohio 45433. Chapter revisio ns and addition s are now release d quarter ly in an
annual supplem ent form by the Mechan ical Propert ies Data Center. Single chapter
copies are distribu ted exclusi vely by Materia ls Engine ering, Reinhold Publish ing
Corpor ation. Holders of Handbooks may determ ine the revisio n status of their
volume s by compar ing them with the latest tables of content s.

The Handbook, as publish ed in three volume s, is intende d to present a compila tion

of data and informa tion on metals and alloys that are of interes t to the Aerosp ace
Industr ies. It is not intende d that it be used as a specific ation docume nt. Each
chapter is devoted to an alloy and is revised as informa tion become s availab le.
 Chapt ers are the result of coope rative effort s betwe en the Mecha
nical Prope rties
Data Cente r, techn ical consu ltants , other inform ation cente rs,
and a numb er of
indivi duals from alloy produ cers, users , labor atorie s, and profes
sional socie ties.
Mr. Willia m F. Brown , Jr. of NASA LeWis Labor atorie s contin
ues to contri bute
to this effort in the capac ity of autho r and Chief Techn ical Consu
ltant and is sup-
ported by contri buting autho rs W.W. Dyrka cz, D. C. Goldberg,
J. R. Kattu s, S. S. Manso n, J. G. Sessl er, J. L. Shannon, Jr.,
c. F. Hicke y, Jr.,
Dr. R. P. Wei,
and staff inform ation speci alists of MPDC. The sourc es of the
data and inform a-
tion are given at the end of each chapt er in the refere nce list.
Other inform ation
that is collec ted betwe en printi ngs or is too detail ed in nature
to be includ ed in
the Handbook may be obtain ed from the Mech anical Prope rties
Data Cente r which
retrie ves data from comp uter storag e in answe r to specif ic questi
ons.

Mech anical Prope rties Data Cente r

Belfo ur Stulen , Inc.
13919 West Bay Shore Drive
Trave rse City, Michigan 49684

Phone 616-947-4500
 GENERAL DISCUSSION OF ALLOYS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
0. INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this section is to introduce to the reader
the systems used in the classUication and identification of
the alloys listed herein and the organization or data on
these alloys as presented fn this Handbook. The pertinent
facts regarding reliability and significance of these data as
well as the definitions for certain terms and processes are
also included in this discussion.
etc. are not given tmless their addition is particularly
designed to yield special mechanical prooerties.
0.021 in addition to the above system of Identification the common
ly used systems such as AIS1 and the most widely used
trade name are Indicated on each page. Additional desig
nations and trade names are listed In the data sheets under
Commercial Designations (Section 1. 01) and Alternate
Designations (Section 1. 02).
0.022 To further facilitate the location of a particular alloy a
cross-Index is given as Appendix D which provides a
cross reference of major designations and trade names.

0.01 Alloy Classification 0.03 Data Organization

The alloys are listed in the Handbook according to specific The data for each alloy are presented according to a
alloy groups, and each group is assigned an alloy code definite alloy property code system designed for the pur-
series. For example, in Volume I (Ferrous Alloys), the pose of this Handbook. A topical outline of the property
first alloy group listed in the Table of Contents is Carbon code is given bel~: :
and L'O\'.' Alloy Steels (FeC), alloy code series uo(C'''wtthln
each group individual alloys are assigned an alloy coae
number starting with the first number of the series. Thus,
"Corten. the first low alloy steel listed is assigned alloy 1. GENERAL
code number 1101, "NAX AC 9115" is assigned alloy code 1. 01 Commercial Designation
llOZ, etc. The code number appears at the bottom or each l. 02 Alternate Designations
page or every alloy chapter along with the page number. l. 03 Specifications
Alloy chapters are lnsertL.od Into the handbook binder In 1. 04 Composition
numerical sequence (according to alloy code number) thus l. 05 Heat Treatment
providing a rapid means of locating a desired alloy. An 1.06 ~ (Formerly HardenabU!ty)
outline of the alloy code series sequence is given below. l. 07 Forms and Conditions Available
l. 08 Melting and Casting Practic!
FERROUS ALLOYS l. 09 Speclnl Considerations

category Oxic Series 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Corl>on and Low Alloy Steels (FcC) --(i(io- 2.01 Thermal Properties
Ultra High Strength Steels (FeUH) 1200 2.011 Melting range
Austenitic Stainless Steels (FeA) 1300 2.012 Phase changes
Martensltlc Stainless Steels (FeM) 1400 2. 0121 Time-temperature-transformation
Age Hardening Steels (FcAH) 1500 diagrams
Nickel Chromium Steels (FeNC) 11100 2.013 Thermal conductility
Future Expansion (Ferrous Alloys) 1700 Ill ~000 l.Ol4 Thermal cxpansirm
2.015 Specific heat
2.016 Thermal diffusivity
NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
2.02 Other Physical Properties
Aluminum Alloys (AIC) 3100 2.021 Density
Aluminum Alloys (AIWT) 3200 2.022 Electrical properties
Aluminum Alloys (AIWN) 3300 2.023 Magnetic properties
.1400 2. 024 Emissivity
Magnesium Alloys (MgC)
Magnesium Alloy~ (MgWT) :I SUO 2.025 Damping capacity
Magneium Alloys (MgWN) :16!Xi 2.03 Chemical Properties
Titanium Alloys (Ti) :17110 2.04 Nuclear Properties
Future Expansion (Low Density Alloys) 3Rllll 10 40110
Nickel Base Alloys (<5% Co)(Ni) 4100 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIBS
Nickel Base Alloys (>5% Co)(NICo) 4200 3.01 Specified Mechanical Properies
Cobalt Base Alloys (Co) 4300 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Tem-
Future Expansion (NI, Co, Cr Alloys) 4400 IO 5000 perature
Beryllium Alloys (Be) 5100 3.021 Tension
Columbium (Niobium) Alloys (Cb) 5200 3. 0211 Stress strain diagrams
MolybdcnJm Alloys (Mo) 5300 3.022 Compression
Tantalum Alloys (Ta) 5400 3.0221 Stress strain diagrams
Tungsten Alloys (W) 5500 3.023 Impact
Vanadium Alloys (V) 5600 3.024 Bending
Zirconium Alloys (Zr) 5700 3.025 Torsion and shear
3.026 Bearing
0.02 Alloy Identification 3,027 Stress conc!'.ntration
Alloys arc Identified primarily by chemical composition, 3.0271 Notch properties
and each particular alloy Is designated by Its major clement 3.0272 Fracture toughness {See Appendix C)
followed by the minor clements In decreasing order of 3.028 Combined properties
percentage by weight. When two or more clements arc 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Tem
present In equal quantity they arc listed alphabetically. peratures
Impurities are neglected. Minor clements arc given only 3.031 Tension
when Intentionally Introduced and when their percentage Is 3.0311 Stress strain diagrams
not definitely established they appear at the en1 of the 3.032 Compression
designation wlthoul a percentage figure. When this system 3. 0321 Stress strain diagrams
Is npplicd to steels certain prohlems arise. Where carbon
has a paramount Influence on the mer.hanlcal properties It The property code data classification system described above has
Is listed immediately after iron. Otherwise, fcrrltlc recently been revised. It is plaMed that aU alloy chapters wUl
steels are designated as low carbon (Low C), medium
eventually be arranged In accordance with this system. However, a
carbon (Med C) and high carbon (High C) grades. Minor number of alloy chapters In this volume do not as yet conform to the
elements in steels such ~s slllcon, manganese, sulfur,
above property code system except with respect to the major headings.

3
 3.033 Impact forms or those of different agencies.
3.034 Bending 1.042 Certain elements normally listed in specifications may
3.035 Torsion and shear include other elements which have a similar effect on the
3.036 Bearing properties but which arc difficult to Isolate. Outstanding
3.037 Stress concentration examples are nickel, which usually includes cobalt, and
3.0371 Notch properties columbium (niobium) which usually includes tantalum. The
3. 0372 Fracture toughness (See Appendix C) practice of separately reporting such elements Is not yet
3.038 Combined properties in general use and is not employed in this handbook.
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
3.05 Fatigue Properties 1.05 Heat Treatment
3.()6 Elastic ProPE-rties The general meaning of this term as It is used in this hand-
3.0~1 Poisson's ratio book includes both hardening and softening treatments.
3.062 Modulus of elasticity I. 051 A given heat treatment may be designated in several ways.
3.063 Modulus of rigidity In some cases the designation refers to the process and In
others to the result produced by the process, Since a
4. FABRICATION clear understanding of heat treating terms Is important,
4.01 Formability a Glossary of Heating and Heat Treating Terms Is given In
4.02 ~achlning and Grinding Appendix B.
4.03 Welding
4.04 Heat Trcatmant 1.06 Hardness
4.05 Surface Treatn~ent ~ The t,;n;; hardness Is used here as a measure of the ability
cf an alloy to resist indentation or permanent deformation.
In general, hardness is related to alloy strength character-
istics and, therefore, a scale of hardness can be uttl !zed to
describe an alloy's response to strengthening by heat treat
1. GENERAL mcnt and/or cold work. Data on the effect of any given
A brief description of the alloy as well as various informJ parameter on hardness is given ln this section.
tlon of g~neral interest is report~'<! under this heading. 1.061 The depth to which an alloy wtll harden under definite cool-
ing conditions is considered to be as important as the actual
1. 01 Commercial Designatio'! hardness value. The property that determines the depth and
1.011 The preferred commcrl"ial d<signalion rnr an alloy may distribution or hardness Is called "hardcnabtlity." High
come from one of many different sourt.;~~" and they m.'ly he hardenahillty indicates hardening through the section.
altered from time to lime. Generally, the most pertinent Although this term Is normally applied to quenched fcrrltic
name is given. Wh~rcvcr posslhlc, this n~mw b the snmc steels, It appears well suited for general usage. For
us used in other refcrcm.:c puhlico.ttion.., :o,Ul"JJ o.~ .. : the Aero- measuring the hardenability of heat treated Cerritlc steels
space Material Specifications (AMS). In the case of some two methods nrc generally used. Hardcnabillty curves
proprietary alloys, an abbreviation of rhe a<:tual name relate to the hardness distribution along the axis of a
is in common usage. cylinder which has been water quenched on one end face only,
1.012 It should lc nol<.d 1hat tit<. id'-ntlf~llJ.! l:llilt;'i tbtd nwy ht. (c. g. Jomlny end-quench test for steels). More complete
trademark ni.lmcs wllh all tig-hrs thtl' lu rc1nii,L'd h~~ !he Information Is obtained by quenching cylinders of various
~lppropriatc company. Jn th1s co.~ ..;.:, tlw noHn~:~ h.IV\ I:LI:n dbmcterR and determining the resulting hardness variation
used for cross reference und idcurifyiu~ purposl:s 1111ly. ~cross their diameters.
The 1 ~uclcr should he governccll'.y trulicmark rults in his 1.062 The more common method of hardening alloys Is by heat
usage. of such 11anws, ond should contact tht.' npproprintc treatment, nlthough cold work or combinations of cold work
company ownin~ the tradcmnrk: if there he :wy qm:st ion and heat treatment arc also employed.
concerning their usc. 1.063 The response of different alloys to hardening by heat
treatment and/or cold work Is lependcnt upon a number of
1.02 Altcr!!1te De~ignutio'!'! factors such as chemical composition, thermal treatments,
1. 021 The alternat:! deslgroo1tions inchtk proprietary nnmcs and cooling rates (and time delays), microstructure, simul-
other frequently encountered numt.~~. Slnct! it II'> lwpossf .. taneous transformations or aging nnd others.
ble to list ul\ designations, only rhwa which arc fnqucntly
encountered lnlltcrt~turc nnd vul'lous rc:ports mc ust..od. 1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
1.022 A complete cross index of all aHoy numcs u~td i~ prt:scntcd Only very condensed information is given regarding the
in Appendix D. availabtllty of an alloy ln its various forms, section sizes
and conditions. Complete availability Information may be
1.03 Specifications obtained from the Producer or Suppiler.
1. 031 The basic specifications used in this handbook arc the
Aeronautical Material Specifications (AMS) of the Society 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
of Automotive Engineers since these arc the most complete Brief statements regarding the melting and casting practices
In regard to new alloys. In addition, Military Specifica- normally employed for the alloy arc included here. Further
tions and, occasionally, Federal Specifications are included. Information may be obtained from the Producer or Supplier.
It is not possible here to refer to all the numerous speci- 1.081 Melting. Melting techniques used by the prodJccrs of the
fications In existence. alloy arc given, when available, to call attention to the
1.032 Producers also frequently supply limited lists of specifi- effect of melting procedures on physical or mechanical
cations on request and these ore reported in certain properties.
instances. 1.082 Casting. Casting techniques and castablllty ratings for
1.033 A cross Index of AMS Specifications included Is available cast alloys arc discussed where they appear to be of
in Appendix D. interest for the selection of an alloy. If available, pertmcnt
miscellaneous information Is added.
1.04 Composition
The chemical compositions reported are primarily those 1.09 Special Cons idcratlons
given in AMS, and are c?m~lemented by those specified by This section of each alloy chapter Includes a few remarks
the producers and other sources whenever it appeared regarding p.trtlcular problems encountered which require
necessary. special consideration.
1.041 The allowab Je variations ln chemical composition of an
alloy arc one of the major stipulations of a spccUlcatlon. 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
However, for any given alloy, the chemistry may differ
slightly In different specifications and considerable over- In reporting physical properties of metals ".od alloys the
lapping may occur either in specifications for different common British units are generally used b; the Armed

4
 GENERAL DISCUSSION OF ALLOYS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
Forces am industry In this country ard this system is
followed here. Where several such u~:its exist, those
standardized by the American Society of Mechanical
Engineers have been preferred, and their abbreviation s
have been u8ed. A Symbol and Technical Abbreviation s
list Is given In Appendix A. UnfortwLBtely, ~lost reports
of physics! properties do not give the form and condition
of the material. This rr. ~y explain part of the: differences
between the published values for certP.l properties.
When values of physics! properties are given without
mentioning the test temperature , the values apply to room
temperature . In some cases the determinatio n of this
property requires measuremen ts at two or more tempera-
tures (e. g. thermal expansion). These temperature s,
unless otherwise 1ndlcated, are room temperature and
212 F, or ia the range from room temperature to 212 F.
Usually, the difference In values for any one temperature
In this range Is less than the uncertaiaty of the value
itself.
2, 01 Thermal Properties
Thermal properties of metals Include the melting range,
phase changes, !henna! conductivity , thermal expansion,
specific heat, and where available, dlffuslvity and dimen-
sional changes on heat treating.
2, 011 Melting range of many alloys Is not well known and the
values given are generally only approximate , The upper
value as a rule r<llates to full melting (liquidus) and the
lower value to the beginning of melting (solidus). The
actual beginning of melting may be Important, as It deter-
mines the maximum temperature to which the alloy may
be heated without damage. However, It Is frequently not
well known because of the great Influence of small changes
In composition .
2. 012 Phase changes occur In nearly all commercial alloys,
The phase change reported under this heading Is transfor-
mation of the matrix, I. e. of the major phase of the alloy,
from one crystal structure Into another. The most common
and significant transformati on Is that of all ferritic steels
and also of mriny so called austenitic steels, from the high
temperature phase, austenite, to the I ow temperature
phase, The critical temperature s for the beginning and the
end of the phase change arc designated respectively as A
and A Because the reaction Is sl ugglsh these tempera-3
1
tures may differ on heating and cooling. Ar3 and Arl
refer to transformati ons during cooling and Ac1 and Ac3
refer to transformati ons during heating. On fast cooling
the reaction also may be suppressed and martcnsitic fer-
rite may fonn at relatively low temperature s, between
M and Mr Also, In stainless steels, martensite may
nJ form during cooling, but may result from plastic
deformation . Similar transformati ons occur in other
alloys, particularly that from the alpha to the beta phase
In titanium alloys.
2. 0121 Isothermal transformati on diagrams (also called time-
temperature -transformat ion diagrams, T-T-T diagrams,
or S curves) enable the user to estimate how an alloy
will respond to cooling from the austenite (or solution
treat) temperature range. Where available these diagrams
are included in this handbook.
2. 013 Thermal conductivity values are reported In the literature
In a variety of unit3. The following units are used here,
lku ft per (hr sq ft F).
2. 014 1hermal expor.a!on is usually reported for the temperature
range which excludes dimensional changes associated with
matrix transformati ons. It is also reported In a variety
of ways. and the system selected here Is that used most
frequently. The mean coefCicient of linear expansion is
given for the range from room temperature to another
temperature , and plotted as a function of this latter temper-
ature. To .:>btaln the total expansion from room to a par-
ticular temperature the value at this temperature is mul-
tiplied by the difference between the temperature In ques-
tion and room temperature. This procedure anawers
automaticall y the frequently raised question of how the
curve Is used at temperature s below room temperature .
The value of expansion In the curves is always posilive,
but the temperature difference Is then negative, and,
hence, the total expansion becomes, correctly, negative.
2. 015 Specific heat. The English units used In this docUIT'.,.nt ue
Btu per (lb F).
2, 016 Thermal dlffuslvlty Is defined as thennal conductivity
divided by density and heat capacity, where heat capacity
is usually taken as the value of specific heat at constant
pressure. The units employed here for thermal dlffuslv lty
are it2 /hr.
2. 02 Other Physical Properties
Under this heading all properties are assembled except
thermal, chemical. nuclear and mechanics!,
2. 021 Density Is given, as the only exception, In both British
units and in metric units, since both are widely used.
2. 022 Electrical resistivity Is another property reported In a
large variety of units. The unit used here Is microhm -ln.
2. 023 Magnetic properties. Only limited lnfonnatlon on the
magnetic properties of the various forms and conditions,
Is presented here.
2. 024 Emissivity. The term emissivity Is reserved for the case
of an opaque material having an optically smooth surface,
and Is defined as the limiting .value of the emittance of the
body as the surface is made more and more optically smooth.
Thus, for an opaque body the emissivity Is the lowest limit
of Emittance, (5).
2. 0241 Emittance is defined as the ratio of the rate of radiant
emission from a body, as a consequence of Its temperature
only, to the correspondin g rate of emission from a black
body at the same temperature , This ratio cannot exceed
1.0.
2. 0242 Radiancy Is defined as the rate of radiant energy emission
from a unit ares CJ! a source In all the radial directions
of an overspreadin g hemisphere. Some authors report
radiancy data as emissivity data.
2. 0243 The majority of data presented herein are obtained from
various types of emittance measurerr.en ts and are reported
as hemispheric al, tots!, normal or B;)CCtral emittance as
a function of temperature . For further Information on
this subject, see Ref. 5.
2. 025 Damping capacity Is defined as the amount of Internal
friction and dissipation of energy per unit volume of
material for one cycle of stress. It can be determined by
cyclic bending or alternating torsion and Is normally
reported in units of inch-lb per cubic inch per cycle. The
area of the stress-strai n hysteresis loop Is a measure of
damping capacity, (6).
2. 03 Chemical Properties
This section Includes a general discussion of the resistance
of an alloy to various types of environment s, except those
encountered In nuclear reactors. The chemicsl properties
most frequently Investigated and reported are corrosion
resistance and oxlda tlon resistance.
2. 031 Corrosion resistance. The discussion of corroeion re-
sistance In this Handbook Is by necessity very short and
prlmarUy concerned with phenomena adverse to struc-
tural applications. Among these are: (a) the generBI
corrosion resistance In certain liquid media at low and
elevated temperature s; (b) special types of corrosion,
such as galvanic and lntergranula r corroe!on; (c) the
deterioration and resulting brittle behavior 1nduced by
stresses in corrosive environment s. called variously
stress corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and stress
cracking, depending on the resulting effect rather than on
any real physical d!Iference; and, (d) hydrogen embrittle-
men! of steels and titanium alloys.
2, 032 Oxidation resistance. The term oxidation resistance Is
used here not only for'the effect of oxidizing atmosphere,
but also of any other k1nd of gaseous environment at
comparative ly high temperature s and particularly at
service temperature s.
2, 04 Nuclear Prapertles
This general term is used ae a heading for aoy property or
property change which Is significant for the use of the
particular alloy In nuclear reactor construction . These
Include: (a) the nuclear cross section, (b) various effects
of irradiation, (c) corrosion phenomena In reactors, and
(d) lhe application of grades having d!!ferent chemistry,
etc.
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
The properties presented In this chapter Include all
mechanical properties, Including elastic constants and
tangent and seca:.t moduli. The chapter Is subdivided Into
6 sections.
All strength quantities are given In ksl. I. e. thousand
pounds per square Inch. This is already established
practice In design. except for elastic properties. Mcst
of the data reported apply to the various forms commer-
clnlly available nod to standardized processing conditions.
No attempt has been made to describe the results of ex-
perimental processes and heat treatments. However,
because preference is given to alloys of current interest
and to their elevated temperar.. re performance, many
current heat treatments may undergo changes In the near
future. In addition, the necessity for forming and welding
many structural parts has led to special processing con-
dltlons and these will probably increase In the future.
Problems of this nature are also discussed to some extent
under FABRICATION (See Section 4).
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
3.011 Although this document is primarily a source of Information
and not a design handbook, nn attempt has been made to
Include specified properties from certain sources. These
sources arc the AMS, the producers' data sheets and
occasionally consumers' specUications. In addition,
many specified properties will be subject to future changes,
particularly In regard to the effect of testing temperature.
Although some specifications Involve other than room tem-
perature properties, room temperature mechanical
properties arc the core of acceptance specifications.
These ore of two types, (a) minimum and, occasion:~lly,
maximum values fer desl;::n purposes, and (b) limiting
values for fr.rmlng purposes. It is beyond the scope, f
this handbook to dcscrthc the test methods u~L-tl to dtlcr-
minc thc.sc properties. Mcdmnical propl~rtics :11 clcvall>tl
temperatures are spccifitod in a numhlr or imHanccs and
arc given in this St."Ction. AMS, in p;.11'tiL'ular, rn. .qmmtly
specifies a special creep rupture test for smnoth and
notchc..'<.l specimens. Smooth specimens nrc Sl.mctimc::o
required to wilhstund a speciflt-d stress and tLmpcrature
for n minimum time. If rupture docs not occur within
this time the test is continut.od until ruptun. occurs either
maintaining the same slress or increasing 11w s1rcss.
In either case the specimen must exhibit a spcdfit."C.I mini ..
mwn elongation at rupture. In certain cases a comhinntiun
notch and smooth specimen is ust.'<l hav 1ng L"qmll notcht'll
and smooth areas. Such specimens arc n.qulrc.:d to with-
stand a spcclficd stress and tcmpcrutun for a minimum
time. If rupture docs not occur within this time the tcs.
is contlnuLod either maintaining the same st rcss or increas-
Ing the stress, according ton specified schL-dulc. Hupturc
Is require>(( to occur In the smooth ;octlon and minimum
values of rupture elongation arc specified.
3.012 Bending properties sometimes specified by AMS arc
omittL-d In this document. The procedure now )!encrally
established Is different from that used by the AMS and the
resulting values cannot be converted (sec 4. 011 als,).
3.02 Mcchonicnl Properties at Hoom Temperature
These properties arc most significant for certain classes
of alloys, used primarily within a temperature range
where they arc structurally stable and not susceptible to
creep. In such Instances, most of the data on typical mech-
anical properties wm be found In this section, with the
exception of those for fatigue strength and clastic properties
which nrc discussed separately. For alloys us<>d predom-
Inantly at elevated temperatures 'the room temperature
value of any specific property is unly one of a series of
values at different temperatures. Therefore, for tl~ese
alloys information on typical room temperature properties
Is Included In the data for various temperatures, sec 3. 03.
The room temperature data are typical values. They arc
presumably representative of material In present commer-
cial production. There exists no yardstick to completely
evaluate the reliability of reported typical values. How-
6
ever, several criteria arc useful in this respect, namely
(a) comparison of similar data from different sources,
(b) the extent of scattering, (c) the volume of datu, and
(d) (In the case of very limited data) a comparison with
some other property, such as that of compressive to
tensile yield strcogth. In this Instance, the expectation
is that compressive yield streogth Is equal to or slightly
higher than tensile yield strength. However, reported
values of compressive yield streogth may in some cases
be too high because of friction at the anvil surfaces.
Primary Interest In room temperature data relates to a
number of variables. These variables arc the following:
(a) Effects of fahrlcntlng and service conditions.
These Include exposure to elevated temperature with
and without load and plastic deformations Inserted
between various steps of heat treating.
(h) Effects of testing variables. Pnrtlculnrly signifi-
cant arc the effects of the size of the material from
which tl1c specimens were taken, the dimensions of
these specimens, and whether these specimens were
taken before or after the final heat treatment.
The neL>d for defining the material condition and the testing
conditions Is fully recognized In this document. However,
discretion is necessary In reporting these, partly because
of space limitations and partly because of the confusion
which may be caused by reporting details of little or no
significance when considering the end product. Unfor-
tunately, In the majority of Instances, even some of t11c
pertinent processing and testing data are not completely
available.
Specimen types and test methods arc omitted If they arc
conventional. The respective American Society for
Test In!( Material specifications should be consulted in this
case.
The following static room temperature mechanical proper-
tics arc presented in tabular or graphical form, and In
most cases are given as functions of the major parameters
that influence the particular property, (e.g. carbon content
in steels, heat treat conditions, etc.).
3. 021 Tension. Tensile ultimate strength, tensile yield strength
and ductility (elongation and rL-duction of area) ~s measured
in a conventional tensile test. Yield strength test data
(F ) nrc bast-d on the 0. 2 percent offset method unless
otl\~rwlse Indicated.
3. 0211 Stress strain diagrams. Curves of tensile stress versus
tensile strain.
3. 022 Compression. Compressive yield strength as measured
by conventional techniques.
.3. 0221 Stress strain diagrams. Curves of comprcRsivc srrcs
versus compressive strain.
3. 023 lmp.1ct. Impact energy values as measured by the Charpy
(notch or keyhole), lzod, tension Impact or drop weight
(NOT) test.
3. 024 llcndlng. Maximum hend strcogth In outer fiber as mcn-
sun-d In pure hendlng, concentrated load bending or
cantilever hcndirJt
3. 025 Torsion and sucar. Well defined standards have not hccn
established. Included here are torque-twist tests, tear-
tests, etc.
3. 026 Ilea ring. Bearing strength Is defined as the maximum
bearing load at failure divided by the effective bearing
area. In a pinned or riveted joint, the effective area Is
the product of the hole diameter and the thickness of t11c
bearing member, (sec Metals Handbook, Vol. I, 8th
Edition, page 4). Specimen geometry must be considered
In evaluating bearing test results. 1l1c Important dimen-
sions of the test specimen, hole diameter (D) and the
distance from the center of t11c hoi" to.> the end of the
spco:imcn (c) nrc usually expressed by the ratio, e/0.
3. 027 Stress concentration. The behavior of materials In the
presence of stress concentration (localized stress values
greater than the nominal stress) Is of concern to the
design engineer, particularly If the usc of high strength
alloys Is being considered for cxltlcal service applications.
The Information required Is usually obtained from tests
designed to measure the loss In load carrying capacity of
a material within a certain area of test conditions. A
1.1rge yarlety of types of tests have been used for this
 purpose. However, the majority fall into one of two
categories; notch tests or fracture toughness tests.
3.0271 Notch properties. These include the results or test on
round and flat specimens contain'ing notches or various
dimensions. The specimen geometry, elastic stress
concentration factor (Kt) and material condition are
generally Included with the data presented since these
factors are known to Influence notch strength. Notch
tests are recognized as being particularly important for
the evaluation of material embrlttlement as may be caused
by such factors as heat treatment, low temperatures, cold
work, etc.
3.0272 Recently the need for a reliable and reproducible
measurement of a materials' resistance to the catastrophic
propagation or sharp cracks under stress became apparent.
This characteristic can be suitably expressed In terms or
fracture toughness, I, e. the stress intensity factor K at
the onset of rapid crack growth. Often the critical energy
release rate.-6' has been used In the literature for the same
purpose. However, for the ~akc of uniformity and since
,6' and K are related by K =EJ'. .the term fracture tough-
ness as used In this handboo'fc atw.fys refers to K values.
Sections 3. 0272 and 3. 0372 list such fracture toughness
data wherever available. A more detailed description of
the definition of K values, the equations for their determ-
ination, the differt:ntiatlon for plane stress and plane
strain conditions and the selection criteria used for the
data Included arc given in Appendix C.
3.028 Combined properties. This section is reserved for data
obtained by test methods involving combined load
applications, (c. g. internal pressure In a thin-walled tuhc
plus axial tension). Also included here arc datn on multi
pie processes (e.g. tension test subsequent to prestrain
In compression).
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
in this section only the so called short time properties are
discussed. These are obtained by first raising or lowering
the temperature of the specimen to the desired level,
holding it at this temperature for a certain tinJC, and then
testing in much the same manner ob at room temperature.
Only deviations from standard methods urc indicated. It
~~~d ~~et~~t~ ~h~:c,~:~~ :::s:~S::,~:~~ ~~::'~!:~~l~e:~se
indicated.
3,031 Tension. The hulk of short time m c<:hanlcal test data is
ohtalned hy means of tension tests. In J1Cncral, good
agreement is noted for jara from differc.:nt s .urccs up to a
certain temperature. However, for thc highest tempera-
tures the valucs obtained from convcntional short time
tests frequently vary widely. It appears, that test condi-
tions arc generally not sufficiently controlled to yield
consistent results at temperatures cxccc<ling the usual
range of application. For high temperuturcs, therefore,
more closely controlled tension testing techniques are find-
Ing increasing application. These arc Indicated in the
respective graphs where available.
3.0311 Stress strain diagrams, sec 3. 0211.
3.032 Compression, see 3. 022,
3, 0321 Stress strain diagrams, see 3, 0221.
3.033 Impact, see 3, 023.
3.034 Bending, see 3. 024.
3.035 Torsion and shear, sec 3. 025.
3.036 Bearing. sec 3. 026.
3.037 Stress concentration, sec 3. 027.
3.0371 Notch properties, see 3. 0271.
3.0372 Fracture toughness, sec 3. 027 2.
3.038 Combined properties, sec 3. 028.
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
These properties arc Increasing in importance because
of the continuously increasing service temperatures which
aerospace systems must withstand. At such temperatures
alloys generally deform or creep slowly under lo.1d and
eventually rupture. As a rule, tests are performed with
temperature and load kept constant and the deformation
measured as a function of time. Frequently, only the
rupture time is observed. For evaluating materials regard
log their resistance to creep, various criteria are used.
For some applications, the stress required to obtain a
certain total strain (composed or the sum of elastic aod
plastic strains) at a particular temperature and time ts
used. For other applications, only the plastic strain or
"creep" is considered. The strains or Interest range
primarily from 0. 2 to 1 percent,
3.041 Creep rupture strength (also called &tress rupture strength)
Is simply the applied stress value which causes rupture,
said stress being a function or the rupture time and tem-
(X! rature. The significance or creep rupture strength Is
frequently minimized, but a continuous and voluminous
stream or such data Is being demanded and supplied for
alloys which serve at elevated temperatures. Although
elongation and reduction or area In creep rupture tests
arc significant for service performance, they arc reported
only Infrequently. These data, therefore, are not included
in this document.
3.042 The creep rupture strength of notched specimens Is used
to reveal the presence and magnitude of embrlttlement
which occurs in many high temperature alloys within a
certain range.> or temperature and time. The life or turbine
disks and b.:ckcts In some cases appears to be related
more closely to the rupture time of notched specimens,
than to that of smooth ones. A number or Air Material
Specifications require such tests and the considcrahle
amount of Information available In this respect is Included
in this document.
3.043 The many varinbles considered for creep and creep rup-
ture have led to the use or different methods or graphical
and tabular representation. In this Handbook, stress Is
used as the ordinate and time as the abscissa, usually
with one other variable as parameter, The log-log rep-
resentation is preferred over semi-log coordinates,
because it allows reading stresses at any level with equal
percentage of accuracy.
3.044 Creep and total strain data, however, arc best reported
in the form of isochronous stress-strain curves. To
obtain such a curve, the total strain at a particular
time is plotted as the abscissa with the stress necessary
to obtain this strain as the ordinate. Time Is then the
parameter. The creep is obtained by deducting from the
total strain the clastic component. This procedure Is
somewhat Indefinite because of the uncertainty regarding
the modulus of elasticity, indicated by the tangent at the
origin of the Isochronous curve.
3.045 A number of attempts have been made to assemble lnfor
mation on creep, and particularly on creep rupture strength,
for a given alloy condition in a single master curve.
While it is not yet established that the effects of temper-
ature and time can he thus substituted for each other,
master curves greatly assist In the first selection of
materials and the planning of more specific tests. Master
curves arc generally plotted on semi-log coordinates,
with the stress as the ordinate and the so called "Parame-
ter," (1. e. a function of temperature and time), as the
abscissa.
3.0451 The most accurate master curves arc the Linear Parame-
ter Curves developed for many alloys by Manson, ct al.
(1)(2). The abscissa for this system Is a function of tloe
following !orm:
where T is the temperature, F, t Is the time In hr, and
Ta and log ta are constants depending on the material.
3. 0452 Another parameter representation, that of Larson and
Miller (3), is also frequently used. It has the advantage
that it can be derived from a limited amount or experimen-
tation, but the disadvantage of reduced accuracy. in this
system the abscissa is usually:
+ 20)
(T + 460) (log t
However, in some instances a different value than 20,
such as 25, may be substituted In this equation.
3.05 Fatigue Properties
These properties depend not only on the metal condition.
form and test temperature, but also on a number of other
test variables. The most important of these are: (a) the
 type or l,!)Bding, (b) the limiting stress values, (c) the
number or cycles to failure, and (d) the geometry of the
test specimen. In addition the frequency of cycling
becomes an important variable at elevated temperatures.
3. 051 The basic types of tests used are: (a) rotating beam,
where a circular specimen rotates under an applied sta-
tionary bending moment, (b) reverse bending, In which the
specimen Is subjected to alternating bending, (c) axial
load In which the alternating stresses are tension or
compression, parallel to the specimen axis. These tests
are generally performed with the load fluctuating between
two definite llntfls until failure occurs (stress controlled
fatigue). The nominal stresses at these lim Its arc cal-
culated by conventional elastic methods and are called the
maximum stress, F ax and the minimum stress, Fmfn
In recent years, fatlgue tests performed by cycling be-
tween two definite strain limits (strain controllL'CI fatigue)
have gained considerable prominence, particularly In the
low cycle fatigue range. Such Information is of special
importance to the design or pressure vessels for nuclear
and other applications. The terminology for strain cycling
Is analogous to that for stress cycling If the term "strain"
Is substituted for "stress" In the equations (4).
3. 0511 In order to define a series of fatigue tests common prac-
tice uses stress ratio, R, which Is dcscribL'<i by the fol-
lowing expression:
R = F mi/F max
3. 0512 An alternative definition of the stress ratio is the function:
A= Falt/F mf
where F alt = I/2(F rna x - F min> is the alternating stress
and Fmf = I/2(Fmax+Fminl is the mean stress.
3. 0513 Where only one stress ratio Is invoivL'<i, It is common to
report this ratio and the fatigue strenJ,:th in whular form
for various cycles to failure.
3. 0514 Where ~cries of data involve more tlwn UlL' srrtss nJt in,
use is made prcfcrnhly of a stress ruugc cliagr~m. Each
curve in this diagram gives the altc:rmll ing !"ltrts~ as a
function of the mean stress for a given number of cycles
to failure. The fatigue strength is derived from this
curve by means of the relation:
F = F + F
max mf all
3.052 At elevated temperatures, creep phcno111cna are super-
imposed on fatigue. If the tempera! urc is very hit.:h
and the mean stress is also high, creep rupture ~athtr
than fatigue becomes the dominant factor. Under such
conditions, the time to fnllurc, rnthcr than the numbers of
cycles, Is frequently reported. In .Jrlcr to utilize data
of this type to Its full extent the frequency of the loading
should be reported. If stress range diagrams are used to
present such information, creep data ohtaincodurlng
the fatigue tests may also be included. A number of stress
range diagrams for elevated temperatures have been made
available to this handbook hy the Design Criteria Unit of
the General Electric Co. These are base-d on rotating
beam tests for F f = 0 and direct stress t~sts for F mf>O.
1
In order to opply 't'Jtis data to the service performance,
the values obtained from direct stress tests have been
increased hy a factor of 1. IS.
3.053 Additional significant variables nrc geometry of the speci-
men and Its surface condition. 11tc tP.sts reported common-
ly relate to two types of specimens, rtoe smocth specimen
with the: surface carefully polished In tne direction paral-
lel to the axis, and the notched specimen. Notched spe-
cimens usually have a circular cross section provided
with a circumferential groove. 11tc fatigue strength of
such specimens depends on the stress conceutratlon
factor, Kt for this notch.
3.06 Elastic Properties
Under this heading not only the classical elastic constants
but also the tangent modulus and secant modulus arc re-
ported.
8
3.061 Values for Poisson's ratio, p. , are reported only for room
temperature. The value may be measured or calculated
from Eand G.
3.062 The modulus of elasticity Is the most Important clastic
constant. It may be determined either from static tests
or using vibration (dynamic) techniques. Static values
represent the slope of the stress strain curve at the origin.
They are difficult to determine at elevated temperatures
and are affected by variations in the testing techniques.
Dynamic moduli are generally marl! consistent than static
values and may be considered to represent the true elas-
tic constants. In this Handbook static moduli are given
only If reasonably consistent.
The static compression modulus, Ec' Is theoretically
equal to the tensile value, E. However, p.utlcularly In
cold rolled materials residual stresses may cause con-
siderable differences between these two values.
3.06~ The above discussed factor.s also apply to the. modulus of
rigidity, G. .
3.064 The tangent modulus Is the slope or th.i stress strain
curve at each stress value considered. Reported values
arc subject to considerable variations because or the
basic difficulty of determining accurately the slope 6f any
curve. The tangent modulus may be reported either for
tension or compression. Preference has been given in
this report to the compressive values which are signifi-
cant In regard to buckling and crlpp!ing of structures.
3.065 Values of the secant modulus, I. e. of the slope of a line
from the origin to the stress value considered, ore re-
ported only Infrequently, but are presented here If avail-
able.
4. FABRICATION
The term "fabrication" is used here comprchenslvciy to
mean all of the processes which may normally be employed
in the manufacture of parts or components from materials
as supplied by commercial producers. The processes
include formability (forging, relling, drawing, forming,
etc.), material removal (machining, grinding, etc.),
joining (welding, brazing, etc.) and the C!>rresponding
post-operational treatments that may be required (heat
treatment, surface treatment etc.). A limited amount of
informal ion on fabrication Is presented In this Handbook.
The information presented is intended to convey, first,
n picture of the rclativ~ fabrlcobil lty or the alloy, and
second, to pinpoint areas In which material proper-
tics may he advcrdy affected by fabrication techniques.
4.01 Formability
This section assembles for wrought alloys some pertinent
information on their formability. The term "formablllty,"
as used here, Is an indication of a material's ability to be
permanently deformed from a given shape to a different
shape hy means of the practices presently empioyoo (e. g.
forging, rolling, drawing, forming, dimpling, etc.). The
temperature ranges Involved, the mechanical power
required and the resulting material properties are ali'
Important factors to be considered In the evaluation or
formability.
4. 011 General Information or. formability relates primarily to
the forming of sheet, strip and plate In various conditions.
Where available, more spcclfic'instructlons for the
forming rf the different conditions have been added.
Bending properties arc reported In terms of the bend
factor, which is the ratio of minimum bend radius to
thickness.
4.012 Forging temperatures are reported as the maximum start-
Ing temperature and the minimum finishing temperature,
and apply to closed die forgings or blacksmith forgt.ngs In
the weight range or S to about 1000 pounds. Forging
tenolJ<'ratures for small parts, such as turbine hlades or
buckets, are approximately the same. However, for these
forgings, a great deal of care must be exercised to avoid
critical strains which will Induce groin growth on reheating
for a subsequent operation or durl.>g heat. treating. Control
of grain size Is usually obtained by doing only a limited
amount of forging after each heating operation. Forging
temperatures and the amount of mechanical work per-
 GENERAL DISCUSSION OF ALLOYS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

formed at a given temperature a 'I:'' L"lterrelated; and,

hence, a forging temperota:e cannc..: be specified
without also specifying the amount of mechanical work
performed at that temperature. Deta.Ued Information
on forging has been added where 1upplled by the producers
(Wyman GQrdon).
4.013 Information en rolling, extrud~Iw, drawing, various types
of formlng,dlmpllng, joggling, stamping, shearing and
riveting Is in;:luded '"hell available in a form suitable for
Handbook pr.rsentatlon.
4.02 Machln.ing and Grinding
A very limit<~ amount of information on machining Is
presented here, and this Is given to Illustrate primarily
the performance of different alloy conditions in various
machining operations.

4.03 Welding
The Information on welding Gssembled in this Handbook
serves primarily to call attention to areas where the
mechanical or physical properties are affected. Weld-
ability of an alloy Is an Important factor for Its selection
and has been discussed where Information Is available.

4. 04 Heat Treatment
This section complements 1. OS and assembles specific
details of the techniques which should be followed by
fabricators and users of the alloy.

4. OS Surface Treating
From this large topic, only a few items, which appear
to be of particular interest In connection with the general
purpose of the Handbook have been included.

REFERENCES

Manson, S. S. and Haferd, A. M., "A Linear Time Tempera-

ture Relation for Extrapolation of Creep and Stress-Rupture
Data," NACA TN 2890, (March 1953)
2 Manaon, S. S. and Drown, W. F., Jr., ''Time-Temperature
Relations for the Correlation and Extrapolation of Stress-
Rupture Data, " Proceedings, ASTM, Vol. 53, p. 693, (1953)
3 Larson, F. R. and Miller, J., "A Time-Temperature Relation
ship for Rupture and Creep Stress," Trans. ASME, Vol. 74,
p. 765, (1952)
4 Sachs, G., verberlch, W. W., Weiss, V. and La Torre. J, V.,
"Low Cycle Fatigue of Pressure Vessel Materials," Proceedings,
ASTM, Vol. 60, p. 512, (1960)
5 Wood, W.O., Deem, H. W.and Luck&, C. F., "Bmlssivlty and
Emittance - What are They'', DMIC Memorandum 72, nanel\e
Memorial Institute, (November 1960)
6 Sisco, F. T., "Modern Metal\urgy for Engineers", (Boolc), Second
Edition. Pitman Pub!. Co., (1948)
 1. GENERAL 1. 041 The absence of Boron from this material can cause n
This alloy Is one of the flrot nnd most popular age soft, weak, lamellar-type precipitate after age harden-
hnrdenable austenitic nickel chromium steels nnd hns Ing. A minimum of 0.001 %Boron Is considered Fe
pioneered the successful application of UJ!s type of super necessary to give adequate stress-rupture life and to
alloy for high temperature use. It Is similar to nnd prevent formation of the lnmeUar-type precipitate. A 25 Ni
a development of the German alloy Tlnidur. It is used maximum Boron limitation Is necessary because too
primarily at temperatures up to 1300 F. The alloy Is much Boron can cause n condition In the grain
15 Cr
nvallable In form of sheet, plate, bar, tubing, wire, boundaries nkln to hot-shortness due to the
extrusions and forgings. Investment castings nrc also formation of n low-melting-point eutectic. This will 2 Ti
produced. It can be formed and welded. result In cracking during welding or hot roll forging.
(21) 1.5 Mn
1.01 Commcrcl~ Designation
A-286 1.05 Heat Treatment
1.3 Mo
1.02 Alternate Designations
1.051
I. 0511
Anneal or solution treat. 16fiOF to 1800F, (22, p. G)
1650 F yields hl(:her tensile properties, while 1800 F 0.3 v
A -A 286 Pnnde.x produces supcrlor creep and creep rupture properties.
Effect of solution temperatures on tensile properties
1.03 Specifications of aged bar, Figure I. 051 I.
A-286
Table 1.03 1. 0512 Sheet, strip, pinto AMS (1). 1775 to 1825 F, 1 hour
TABLE 1.03 minimum per Inch thickness, air blast or oil quench.
I. 0513 Bar, forgings, tubing AMS (3) and (4). 1775 F to
AMS FORM 1825 F, I hour, oil or water quench.
1. 0514 Bar, forgings, tubing (consumable electrode melt, AMS
5525B Sh~et, strip nnd plate.
(4). 1625 F to 1675 F, 2 hours, oil or water quench.
5731C Bars, forgings, m~ocbanical tubing and
rings-consumable electrode molted, 1. 052 Age solution treated condition. 1300 F to 1400 F,
solution treated. 16 hours minimum.
5732B Bars, fort:ings, tubing and rings- 1. 0521 Sheet, strip, plate AMS (1). 1310 F to 1340 F,
consumable electrode melted, solution 16 hours.
and procipltntlon treated. 1. 0522 Bar, forgings, tubing AMS (2) and AMS (3). 1300 F to
5734A Bars, forb>ings and mochanlcal tublnr- 1400 F, 16 hours, or preferably AMS (3), 1310 F to
consurr.ablc electrode melted, 1050 F, 1340 F, 16 hours.
annealed. 1. 01:!3 Bar, forgings, tubing (consumable electrode melt,
5735F Bars, forgings, mechanical tubing and AMS (4) 1300 F to 1350 F, 16 hours.
rings. 1. 053 Cold Working
573GD Bars, forgings, mechanical tubing and 1. 0[>31 Cold work and age solution treated condition.
rings-treated. 1. 0532 After cold working sheet, It need not be solution
5737C Bars, forgings and mcchnnlcal tubing- treated again. but can be aged directly. Tho resulting
consumable electrode melted, annealed hardness and strenglh after regular nglng will increase
and proclpltntlon treated (1650F). by the cold work. l'ffcct of cold rolling nnd subsequent
5801A Wire, welding. aging on hardness of sheet. Figure 1.0532.
5805A Wire, weid!ng-(vacuum melted). I. 0533 A more uniform condition can be obtained by double
7235 Rivets, steel, corrosion and heat- aging at :100 F, 16 hours+ 1300 F, 1600 l1ours.
resistant. This condition Is slightly more ductile but possesses
lower creep rupture strength th:m the conventionally
l. 04 heat treated condition.
Composition ~,ble I. 01
1. 05:14 Bar and wire cold dmwn 80 percent and aged at
TABLE 1.04 1100 I' to 1200 F, IG hours develope Ftu = 240 to
250 ksi.
Source AMS(!)(2)(:1)(1)(38)(39)(10)(12)(1!1) 1. 06 llardncss
Percent I. 061 Alloy should be rapidly cooled from solution treating
to insure full nging response to all sccllon sizes
Min ~I<LX I. 062 Alloy can also he hardened by cold work and by
Aluminum - 0.35 combinations of heat treating and cold work.
Boron 0.003 0.010 (al) I. 0621 The experimental procedure of stlcngt.hcning Iron-base
Carbon
Chromium
- 0.08 alloys (Hcf 12) by explosive shock w3ves increases
appreciably the hardness of the solution treated alloy
13.50 16.00
Manganese 1. 0 ~.00 (a2) and effect is retained through the aging process. This
Molybdenum 1.0 1. 50 procedure may provide a means of obtaining greater
Nickel 24.00 ~7. 00 hardness or to shorten aging times. The 16 hour aging
Phosphorus - o. 010 (aa) pc1iod normally required to reach maximum hardncf!S
Silicon 0.10 I. 00 (a2) can be l'cduccd to less than one hour on the shocked
Sulfur
Titanium
- 0. 030 (a:J)
I.Ofi!!:!
alloy, se~ Figure I. 0622.
Aging response of solution trcntcd plate unshockcd,
I. 90 2.30
Vanadium 0.10 0,50 and Rhockcd In 157 kllobnr, and 270 k!lobnr comlttion.
Iron - Balance - I.Oii3
Fi6'1lre I. 0622.
'flmc-tcmpcraturc parameter plot for hot-hardncs~:~ of
(a) Requirements vary slightly within these specifications: alloy brazed with Coaslmetal 1700Co-NI, figure
(a I) AMS 5735 F Boron o. 0010 0.010 I.OG:J.
AMS 5737C
(a 2) MIS 573IC Z\'1 :mgancsc - 2.00 I. 07 Forms and ComHtions ,\\'uilablc
AMS 57360 Silicon - 1. 00 I. 071 Alloy is av;Lilablc in the full commcrctal range of
(a :ll AMS 5732B Phosphorus - 0.0~5 st1.cs for stnlnlcss steels in form of sheet, strip,
Sulfur - 0,0:25 pJalc, bar, w11c forJ...rtngs, r-~camlcss tubing and
A~IS 5801A Phosphorus - 0,020 extrusions.

AMS 5605:\
Sulfur
Phosphorus
- 0.015 l. 072 1\il wrought forms arc available in the solution treated
- o. 010 condition.
Sulfur - 0,010 1.07:~ Vacuum rncltcd imcHtmcnt castinJ!;s :1rc also avaJiablc.

G;E 1601
 FERROUS AU..OYS REVISED MARCH 1968

1.08 Melting and Casting Practice 3. MECUANICAL PROPERTIES

Fe 1.081 Electric furnace air melt, Induction and consumable 3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
AMS specified mechanical propcrtlus, Table 3. Oll.
electrode vacuum melt. 3.011
25 Ni 1.082 Vacuum melting Improves homogeneity and rcsuiL~ In a
decreased scatter band of properties at the high end of TABJ.E 3.lll
15 Cr the composition range. Better Corgeablllty Is an
advanlagc of the vacuum melted product. Vacuum A!lov Fc-25Ni-15Cr-2T l-1.5Mn-1. :lMo-0 3V
2 Ti melting also Improves room and elevated temperature
Melting Practice Air Melt Gons:tmabJc
tensile properties, sec Figure 3.0313.
1.5 Mn Electr~de

1.3 Mo
1.083 Effect of titanium content and melting practice on
creep rupture time of smooth and notched bar at 1200F Form
--- ~--
Sheet, St rlr Bnr, Forging Bar. Forging
Figure 1.083. ' Plate Tubing 'uuing
0.3 v AMS ll (31)(41) 14113~ 42\143
1.09 Special Consideration
ST Aged ST Aged Ann ST
A-286 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Condition
+Age + J\gC

2.01 Thermal Properties Ftu min-ks! - folO - 130 140 130

2.0ll 1\!cltlng range. 2500 F to 2600 F. (8,p.5)(20)(22). ma..x-ksf 105 - - - - -
2.012 Phase changes. Precipitation of Nl3 Tl occurH ~'ty min-ks! -
-25
95
-
-- 85 85 85
between 1200 F nnd 1500 F.
m:c~-ksl
c(2 In) min-percent 15 -
-
- -- -
-
2.0121 Time-temperatur e-transformation diagrams.
2.01:1 Thermal conductivity, Figure 2.013,
c(l D) min-percent
i!A min-percent
-- -
- -
- 15(a
18(a
12(a
15(a
15(b)
20(b)
2.014 Thermal expansion, Fib'lHC 2.01-1. ll:ndncsn
2.015 Specific heat. At 70 fo' to 1300 F, 0.11 lllu per (Ib F).
2.016 Thermal diffusl vlly.
BifN, min
nl:l.'(.
-
-
-
-
-
201
248
341
277
363
248
341
~.02 Other Physical Properties
RB, max 90 - - - - -
2.021 Density. Solution treated 0. 2SG lb. per cu h . 7. 92 gr
IIC, rnin - 21 - - - -
pnr cu em, (20). Solution treated and aged, 0. 287 lb
m:Lx - 35 - - - -
per cu In, 7.94 b'T per cu em (22).
(a) If machined from center of large disc forb'ings,
2.022 Electrical resistivity, Figure 2.022.
2.023 c, min:.: 10 and BA, min::.. 12
Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmab'llelic.
(b) c. min,. 12 and HA. min...! l:i
2,0231 Permeability; Table 2. 0231 (8)

TABLE 2. oz:n

:;o!lree I IRl
Alloy l Fc-25Ni-t5Cr-:!T i-1.!il\1n-I. :n.to-o.av :t.Ol2
:1.0121
t\dditional 1\i\TS specifications.
At\lS 5fi25B. Hupturc time nt 1200 F i a for an axial
strcHs of GZ.5 ksi to be the minimums sh0\\1l in
Condition U (rt 200 Table :1.0121.
oersteds

Machined+ lSOOF, 1 llr, oil quench 1.010 'I'Aill.l: :1.0121

Machined + 18001', 1325 F, 16 llrs. I. 007
18001? and cold reduced 40% I. 05
1800' and cold reduced 70':1. 1.05
Sou tee I AI\lS
Alloy I l'e-25NI-lf.Cr-2Ti-l.f>Mn-l.:l~lo-o.av

Nominal Thickness llnchcs\ Hu 1turt Life lllrs\

Under 0.005 None
o. 005 0.007. inc! G
over 0.007 o.oou, inc! 10
2.024 Emissivity. over o. 009 0.012, inc I tl
2.025 Damping capacity. over 0.012 O.OlG, ~ncl !(;
over 0.015 0.020, inc I :.w
2.03 Chcmlcnl Proucrtics over o. 0~() 21
2.031 Corrosion resistance. This :.s.lloy Is haslcally an
austenitic nickel chromium steel nncl posscHscs a
corrosion rcsistnncc comparable to that t:Jf these
stccl.s. It has excellent resistance to all at)losphctc:-,
3.0U2 t\1\18 57:151-'. 57:JGO. HuplUI'C time lol' combined smooth
encountered in jet engine npplicntlons at tcm~craturc:i and notched test Hpccimcn at 1200 F'!. !J. G5 .0 ksi shall
up to 1300 F. be 23 hourH minimum. Elon~ation In IU after rupture
in smooth sc'Ctlon within 2:1 to 4ti hours. shall he
2.032 Oxidation rcslst.nncc is high for continuous service 5 pcr-cl'nt rnlnirnum; and alter more limn Hi hours shall
up to 1500 fo' and intermittent scrvice up to 1800 F. be a percent minimum. Altl!mntcly. separate smooth
It performs in a manner similar to Type 310 stainless and notched spcctmcrts. machined from ndjnccnt sccUona
steel (20) of the same piece. Olay he used. For tubing from
which a solid round specimen cannot be cut~ full
2.04 Nuclear Properties scctio11 of tubing Hhall he cut and tcstcrl to nwct smooth
2.041 Due to small but statistically sh:nlflcant changes in tho bar comHUon~ above.
strength and ductility properties of this alloy lifter A MS 57!\7C. Huplu rc tl me under conditions gl \'CO ln
trradiatton: lhc nuclcur propcrllcs should be tnvcstlgntcd 3.1J122 shall he ao hour!i minimum.
more cxtcnRivcly before usc in nuclear applications. 3.0124 AMS 5731C, 5732B, 5731A. Hut~c time under
(19). conditions given in 3.0122 at an axial stress of 70.0ksi
shall he 23 hours minimum.

r.nnl=' 1~()1
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1968 FERROUS ALLOYS

3.0125 Producers typical mechanical properties, Tu.IJ!e :1.0125. 3,031 Bcnc.ling.

3.035 Torswn nnd shear.
3. 0351 Effect of exposure anti test temperature on shear Fe
TABLE :1.0125
strength of plate and bar, Figure :1.0351.
3.036 Bearing.
25 Ni
Alloy Fe-25Nl-15Cr-2Tl-1. 5Mn-1 !!Mo-O !IV Effect of exposure anti test temperatu7e on bearing
3.03GJ 15 Cr
Source (26) (22) l>roperUes of sheet, Figure :J.oar.I.
Effect of test temperature on hearing strength of p:ate,
t'orm Tvlllcal Bar Proncrllcs 7/8 Dia.Bar
Figure 3.0:162.
2 Ti
Condltlon Anneal Anneal Solution Solution Solution
1650 F. indAgc Treat Trealnntl Treat and
3.037 Stress concentration.
1.5 Mn
3.0371 Notch properties.
2 llrs, 1G50 F, 1800 F, Age Age
OQ 2 llrs, 11lr, WQ 1800 F, 1800 F, :1.03711 Effect of test temperature and prior exposure to 1.3 Mo
stress and temperature on notch strength and notch
OQ+
1300/
lllr\VQ
+ l300/
I llr OQ +
1:125 F I strength ratio of sheet coltl rollctl 30 percent anti aged 0.3 v
HOOF, HOOF, lGIIr:;AC at 1:100 F, 1'16"' re 3. 03711.
16 llrs AC JG llrs AC :1.0:1712 Effect of test temperature and prior exposure to stress
anti tcmpcratu ae on notch strength ami notch strenv.1h A-286
Ftu - ksl uo 1G7 H5 150 115 mlio of sheet cold rolled ~0 percent and agctl at 1100 F,
Fty - ksi 35 110 !15 100 u:; Fib'Ure a. 03712.
c (2 In) percent 15 21 '18 2!i :~ I :1.0:1713 Effect o! tesl temperature on tensile strength of
HA percent 70 40 72 40 15 snroolh :mel notched bar subjL'Cted to double age,
II artiness Flb'U rc 3. <1:1713.
Rockwell !l83 c:l-l 1180 C!ll - :1.0:172
:1.1.1:17~1
Fraclutc toug-hness.
Effect of temperature on tensile strength and crack
strength of aged sheel. Figure :1.02721.
:l.O:JH Conlbinttl pro11crtics.

3.02 l\lcchunical Propc11.tc.s at Hoom Temperature !I.IH !:-CC!J and ~~l_{.t!J.!~Urc Jlropcrties
3.021 Tension. :l.OH CICCJli1.1(JlUt'C properties
:LO:Hl Stress-strain diagrams. !I.IJ.III CJ'ct~p ruptu1'c curvt~~: for bar at noo to tnuo F,
3. 0212 Effect or amount of cold work and temperature ol Fi~UJ'C :J. l).J J 1.
aging on room temperature tensile Jll'Opcrtics of .sheet. :l.llH~ Producc1's I"CIH'c.scntation nf typical strcss-ruptlll"t!
Flb'Urc :1.0212. cuncs lur 100 anti iliOO hour life for bar anti for~:in~:s.
3.02!! Compression Fi~urc !1. OH~.
3. 0221 Stress-strain diagraam;. :l.llll!l !\1:tslct curves for creep and creep rupture of air
3.023 Impact. and \'acuum melted ha1' and forgings. Figure !'.Oll!l.
3.021 llcmllng. :I.IJ.Il-1 Effect of :;ulullun treat temperature and stress
3.025 Torsion :md shear. concentration on creep rupture stren~th of bar at 1200 F,
3.026 Bearing. Fi~utc a.o.Jto~.

3. 027 Stress concentration. :J.OII[I The creep 1-upturc time for sharply notched bar
3.0271 Notch pro,,crlics SJIL'Cinwns at 1200 F with 1 JO ksi load hns heen found
to be ne:uly three times as hiAh for the test spt.'Cim!!ns
3.02711 Effect of amount of cold work ami temperature uf ground after a~ing- as ror spt.-cimcns prepared IJy other
aging on room tcmpctatu rc notch strcn~th and notch finishing (li'OCL'(IUI'CS.
strength ratio of sheet. Fl~rc a.u~711. a.tH1G o\vcra~cMLIess-rupturc life (Llsted al 57 ksi. 1200 F
3. 0272 Fracture Loug:hncss. lcmpcratu re) not si;.,rnificantly decreased due to hydro~Ln
3.028 Combined properties. en vi ronmcnt (IS).
!I.IJ.I~ C rccp deformation.
3,03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures !1.01~1 Sho1t time tol.al strain curves for Hhcet at 1200 to
3.0:11 Tension. 1700 F, Fi~:ure :1.012!.
3.0311 Stress-strain diagrams. Creep CUI'\'CS al 1:150, 1500 ami 1700 F, ror bar.
3. 0!1111 Stress-strain curves for sheet at room and elevated Fihrure a.0-1:!2.
temperatures, Figure 3.0:1111. Producers representation of creep design Clli"Ves for
3. 03112 Stress-strain curves to failure for sheet at room and bar antllogings, Fi~ure :.I.UI~a.
elevated temperatures. Figure :1.0:1112. Effl-cl of l~lcvatcd temperature exposure and total
:1.0312 gffect of lest temperature on tensile properties of strain on tensile properties of har, Table 3. 01~1.
alloy, Fib'tlrc 3.0312
3.0313 Effect of test temperature and molting: practice on tensile
properties of sheet nnd bar, Fih'Ure 3.031:1.
3. 0314 Effect of e.xposurc and tcsl temperature on tensile TABLE !1.0121
proi>Ct1.ies of sheet, Flgurc :l.03J.I,
3.0315 Effect of elevated tcmpf!rntu re on tensile propcrllcs
of sheet ln two colt! worked and UJ.'Cd coru.litiom: with
Sout'Cc 1?01
prior exposure to strc::~s nnd tcmr.craturc.
Alloy Fe-25Nl-15C r-2TI-l. 5Mn-l. 3Mo-O. :IV
Figure 3.0315.
3.0316 ECft."Ct of exposure tlmo and temperature on tensile Form 7 /sIn liar Sto.:k
properties of bar, l'ih'tlre 3. O!l!G, Condition I ROOF 1 llr 00 + l:l25F Ir. llrM .\C
3.032 Compression. Exposure 100 llr. ksi 1000 llr, ksl
3. 0321 Stress-strain diagrams. Total Strain
a. 03211 Stress -strain cu rvcs in compression for sheet at 0.5 1.0 0.5 1.0
room anti elevated temperatures. Fib'tlre :1.0:1211. -r,~ .. - ' Percent Percent Percent percent
1000 82 92 78 85
3.0322 Effect of exposure anti tcsl temperature on 1100 76 80 68 70
compressive yield slrenb'th of sheet and bar, 1200 53 60 35 41
Flh'Ure 3.0322. 1300 30 35.5 - -
3.033 Impact.
3. 0331 Effect of lest temperature on impact strength of lur,
Figure 3. 03:ll.
 t't.I'CI'CUUS ALLUY~ REVISED MARCH 1968

.
':.. .__

3.0425 Time-temperature parameter plot for 0. 2 and 0. 5 4.03 Welding

Fe plastic strain fo!"bar, Figure 3.0425. 4.031 Welding of this alloy Is preferably performed in the
3.0426 Spread of creep data from three som'Ces for :tgcd sheet , solution treated condition. This al!uy Is susceptible to
25 Ni Table 3. 0426 hot cracking, particularly in the u~ed condition.
Cracki:~g can be minimized by keeping >.'cldinr conditions
15 Cr 'fABLE 3. 0426 closely controlled, avoiding restraints nnd keeping the
weld affected zone to a mlr.lmum.
2 Ti Scurce (30)(31)(32)
4.032 Fusion welding Is performed by the inert gas shielding
method or by the arc method using coatod electrodes.
1.5 Mn Alloy Fe-25Ni-15C r-2Ti -1. 5Mn -1. 3Mo-O. 3V Austenitic welding wire and coated electrodes of various
compositions, preferably nickel base, can be used.
Sheet
1.3 Mo Form A-286 wire and electrodes arc available for high weld
Condition 1650F 1Hr AC + 1325~", 16 Hr strength which Is obtained by aging after welding. The
0.3 v C rcep EXPOSUre 1200F 30 ksi 1200F 40 ksi 1500F, 20 ksi 1500F, 30 ksi
inert gas method must be used to prevent loss of
titanium and hnrdcnability. Heavy sections are
Total Strain Percent particularly difficult to fusion weld because of the hot
A-286 at short phase which Is responsible for cracking.
10 llr 0.01 - 0.06 0.01-0.06 0.03-0.06 0. 02 - 0.1 4. 033 Flash welding can be successfully performed on nearly
50 llr 0.02-0.12 0.04-0.18 o. 08 - 0.18 0.1 -0.3 all section sizes for which equipment exists.
100 Hr 0.04 - 0.19 0.08-0.30 0.14-0.24 0.2 -0.45 Resistance scam and spot welds can be made using
500 llr 0.14 - 0.60 0.5 - 1.0 0.4 - 1.1 o. 7 - 1.0 high current ami high electrode pressures. A-286 may
be joined to other austenitic or martensltlc alloys by
welding.
Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of
sheet welded with llastelloy \V and with 1nconcl X
Filler, Figure 4. 034.
4.035 Brazing may be performed in vacuum or dry hydrogen.
When the brazing cycle goes above 1800 F, it IR
necessary to re-solution treat at 1650 F to Improve
3.05 Fatlfl!IC Properties ductility.
3.051 Stress range diagram for smooth :md notched specimens 1. 036 Effect of test temperature on ultimate tensile strcnglh
at 800 F ruulWOO F, Figure 3.051. of joints brazed with Coastmctal1700-<:o-NI,
3.052 Stress range diagram for smooth and notched Figure 4.036.
specimens at 1100 F and 1250 F, Figure 3.052 4.037 Effect of test temperature and wide gnp brazing on
3.053 Fatigue data for 1350 F, although not conslstant, tensile properties of sheet, Figure 4. 037.
inc.llcatc only a slight reduction fr:>m 1200 F values.
3.054 Average fatigue IUc (tested at 50 ksl mean stress, 4.04 lleat Treatment
1200 F temperature) not significantly dcc~cascd due to Usc neutral or slightly oxidizing atmosphere to prevent
a hydrogen environment. (18) l'!arburizing.

3.06 Elastic Properties 4.05 Surface Treatment

3. Otil Poisson a ratio.
3.062 Modulus of elasticity at low and elevated temperatures.
Figure 3.062.
3.063 Modulus of rigidity at room and elevated temperatures.
Figure 3. 063.
3.064 Tangent modulus curves In compression for sheet at
room and elevated temperatures, Figure 3. 064.
3.065 Tangent modulus curves In compression for bar at
elevated temperature, Figure 3. 065.

4. FABRICATION

4.01 Formability Fc-Z5Ni -1 5Cr-ZTi- I. 5Mn-1. 3Mo-O. >V

General. Formubillty 'lf sheet in the :mncaled 7/SIN BAR
4.011
condition is similar to that oi austenitic stainless steels
160
"sT~R OQ l 1325F, 16 HR
-
RT
4. 0111
although A-286 is stronger and somewhat less ductile.
Where the complexity of the meL~ I part necessitates
lnterpass annealing, the lnterpnss anneal should be at
r-- --...f---- ,__ __
4 t F TU
140
1800 F. Parts so annealed should be finish formed m1d IZO
aged without further heat treat.
4.012 Forging characteristics arc similar to those of ._
4.013
austenitic stainless steels. ilowcvcr, this alloy requires
more power and more frequent reheating. Reductions of
at least 15 percent must be used under 1800 F to prevent
formation of coarse grains on solution treating.
Investment castingR arc made by vacuum melting. The
100
1---
----. ..__
FTY 1--e
80
castabillty of the chromium stainless steels Is Inferior 40
to that of the austenitic types. zf-< -....___
4.02 Machining and Grinding
This alloy docs not machine well in the solution
w
u
a:
w
... RA

c(ZIN) b-.a
treated condition, since It Is gummy like nil soft 0.. zo
austenitic steels. It can be :nachlncd either in the 1600 1700 1800 1900 zooo 2100
fully heat treated condition or In a condition which is SOLUTION TEMP- F
partly aged at 1325 F, 1 hour, or averaged at 1500 F,
several hours, to a hardness of about 210 BIIN. FIG. 1.0511 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TEMPERATURE ON
Material cold worked after solution treating niRo TENSILE PROPERTIES OF AGED BAR
exhibits good machining characteristics. (5, p. 9)

CODE 1601
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1968 FERROUS ALLOYS

Fe
25 Ni
Ul
E-< 15 Cr
z 400
:::> 2 Ti
5 Mn
:.: 1.5
0 300
1.3 Mo
:I:
ll.
0 0.3 v
A-286

!ZOO 2000
AGING TEMP - F
FIG. I. 0532 EFFECT OF COLD ROLLING AND SUBSEQUENT
AGING ON HARDNESS OF SHEET (6)

200 r--------.----~F~c--~2~5~N-i-~I~S~C-r--~2T=-i-~l-.~SM~n--~1.~3~M-o--~0~.~3~V,

BRAZED (WITH COAST 1700-Co, Ni)

1 00 I=--------+--------p-.;a:...:..l9 OOF, 5 MIN.

,, . ~
a..
0 60 ~-------r--------~--~~-r~~----~-------i

"'"'zw
40
IIOT IIAHDNESS
0
~ L_
-<: 20 T =TEMP-I'
:r
J
I= INDENTATION TIME-llll
10
IB 22 26 30 34 38
(T > 4&0) (20 t LOG!)

FIG. I. 0&3 TIME- TEMPERATURE PARAMETER PLOT FOR HOT

HARDNESS OF ALLOY BRAZED WITH COASTMETAL
1700-Co, Ni. (29, p. 26)

Fc-24. 35Ni -IS. 21 Cr-1. 26Mn- 3Mo-21 V- 2. ISTi

70 PLATE
ST 1800 F, 1/2 HR. 0Q+I315 F

<
..<
..<
w
:<:
==
60
. UNSIIOCKED

SHOCKING PHESSUHE
u
0

c>: 157 KILODAHS
ui 270 Kll..OllAHS
Ul
w 55
z
0
c>:
<
:I:
so

45 L-----------~----~----------~----~------------~--~
0.1 I. 0 10 100
AGING TIME, HOURS
FIG. I. 0622 AGING RESPONSE OF SOLUTION-TREATED PLATE UNSHOCKED,
AND SHOCKED IN 157 KILOBAR, AND 270 KILOBAR CONDITIONS.
(I 2)
 FeNC
FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

Fe-25Ni-15Cr-2Ti-1. 5Mn- Fe- 25Ni -15Cr-2To-1. SMn-1. 3Mo-

Fe I. 3Mo-O. 3V BAR O. 3V
5000 1650F, 1Hr, OQ,
25 Ni +1325F, 16HR
eO Affi MELT
15 Cr Ji.6 CONS. ELECTRODE
VACUUM MELT
2 Ti >-!:oof
\
~
,fu~,
1.5 Mn \
1000
1.3 Mo a: \ ..L....;
:r: nos 400 800 1200
0.3 v '
t.l
500
\ r=O. 0
TEMP F
1600

:I FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPAJI'SIO!':

A-286 i=! (B. p. 5)(9, p. 28)(34, p.IO)

RUPTU1!r> AT G5 KSI
TEST T~:M I' 12001'
10~----~----~------~----~
!.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2
TITANIUM CONTENT-PERCENT

FIG. !. 083 E1~FECT OF TITANIUM CONTENT AND

MELTING PRACTICE ON CREEP RUPTURE
TIME OF SMOOTH AND NOTCHED BAH
AT IZOOF. (7)

Fc-25Ni-15Cr-2"1 i-1. 5Mn-1. 3Mo-

1-'t-l'iNi-iSCr-lli-I.S~tnl. "\Mo-
,,f
0.3V
14
r;; O..H 1

/
i: ---(8) 4H -
l (-o
'~)'
t
"'a .,
~-~
---(9)

"'
i
tO:

~
.
!!:
0:
t.l
0.
(-o
10
/;
/
v
/ '

TIIERMAL
"'::0
(-o
10
8
/
/ CONDUCTIVITY
~: J.ECTHJCAL JIES1STJVJTI'

0 400 BOO 1200 1600 400 1600

0
TEMP-i-"

FIG. 2.013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY FIG. 2. OZZ ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY

(8, p. 5) (9, p. 28) (8, p. 5)
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1968 FERROUS ALLOYS

Fe-25Ni-15Cr-2Ti-l. SMn- ~
280
1. 3Mo-O. 3V 0. 025 IN SHEET '
200
r-~F~e--~2~5N~i-~l~5~C~r--~2T~i-~l-.~5~Mn~-~l-.~3M~a--~0-.3~V---,
Fe
ST + CR
+AGE AS INDICATED ~ 0. 025 IN SHEET 25 Ni
~ H+~+~E
t.l 15 Cr
240 ~ 160~----~------~------~~~-+------4

"'
:t
2 Ti
u L
f-o 0 1.5 Mn
0 ~
~ 2'.0 z 120
1.3 Mo
0.3 v
A-286

120

0.4
NOTCII STRENGTH RATIO
0.2

oL....---"'----.J---~-.....___ _ .1
0 20 40 60 80 l 00
COLD ROLL - PERCENT

FIG. 3. 02711 EFFECT OF AMOUNT OF COLD WORK AND

TEMPERATURE OF AGING ON ROOM
TEMPERATURENOTCHS TRENGTHAND
120 NOTCH STRENGTH RATIO OF SHEET
16 lilt (33, p. I 37)
15 lG lilt
f-.
z 16 lilt
'"
u
1>:
10

'"
P.

0
20 40 60 80 100
COLD WORK-PERCENT

FIG. 3.0212 EFFECT OF AMOUNT OF COLD WORK

AND TEMPERATURE OF AGING ON
ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SHEET (33, p. 1.17) 12 .-I-''c--'"'z""s"'N"'i--1,.,5"'c""r---:z"'r"';-.,...r.-=s"'M~n--""'I,....-:3~M.,..o--""o:-.-:3"'v,.-----,
0. 062 IN SI!EET
1810F, lHR, ARGON, OQ
100 H : 25 F, 16H R, AC:..~t--+------t-------1

BO

60
~
112 TO rooo rm
~
r;XPOSUHE

2
TENSION

STRAIN - IN PER IN

FIG. 3.03111 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET Nr

ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMf-1'/I.TURES
(I :1, p. 58)
 , , . . . ,..,._..,.IJYI"'I'VII IOJ'UU

Fe-Z5Ni-15Cr-ZTi -1. 5Mn-1. 3Mo-O. 3V rF~.~,-~z~5~N~i~-1~5~C~r--~Z~T~i-~1~.~5~Mn~--------,zoo

Fe 0. 06Z IN SHEET 1. 3Mo-O. 3V
1800F, I HR, ARGON, OQ ST + 1300F, 16 IIR, AC
2.5 Ni + 13Z5F, !6 HR
16 0
RT
- 160 ~
15 Cr
r600F
2 Ti
~ IZ 0
--=:::: f.-:: r r------r------~~~~~----~IzoJ;
::>

~~
IOOOFJ 800F
1.5 Mn -

~
1.3 -;7 -..;_100F
80 80
0.3 IZOOF
TETION

A-286 40
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 o.zo O.Z5 0.30 AIRMELT ',\
STRAIN - IN PER IN --- SHEET, ST 1800F, 1 IIH, AC\1
- - BAH, ST 1650F, 1 IIR, OQ \
FIG. 3. 0311Z STRESS-STRAIN CURVES TO FAILURE FOR SHEET 40 VACUUM (CONS ELECTHODE) \
AT ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES - OAR, FOHGINGS
(13,p. 60,61) ST !&SOF, 1 IIH, WQ

0 400 800 !ZOO

TEMP- F

Fe-Z5Ni-15Cr-ZT i-l. 5Mn-l. 3Mo-O. 3V

ST + AGE ZOO
FIG. 3. 0313 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND
MELTING PRACTICE ON TENSILE PROPER-

I~
TIES OF SHEET AND BAR
(II, p. 309, 311, 3ZZ, 3Z3, 370, 371, RI)

zoo b I 160
~ ,~ I
160 ~ 1ZO ~
u~
.
IZO ~ 80"'
...::>
~
~~
- ~\
FTY

...>- 0 JA..--
"' 80

40
[;), (Z3)
.A.SIIEET }(15)
0FORGING
7/8 INDIA BAR (1800, I lffi
~1:1"'!

\., ~ 40

120
OQ + 1325F, 16 IIR, AC) (8) ~

...
80 t } 120

15
RA ,....7
\)
c.:
[,l 40
I,...

1-
0 T
~ ~
ll.

<(
'-'..i ~
c.:
0 I 40
I~ h _) "
e(Z IN) -~
Ll(Y(
~ 0
-400 0 400 800 !ZOO 1600 zooo
TEMP- F

FIG. 3. 031Z EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF ALLOY
(8, p. 7)(15, p. 70-77)(23, p. 6)

CODE 1601
 REVISED MARCH 1968 FERROUS ALLOYS

I60
Fc-ZSNi-ISCr-ZTi-I. SMn-I. 3Mo-O. 3V
zo 0
SHEET Fe- ZSNi-ISCr-ZTi-1. S.Mn-1. 3Mo-O. 3V Fe
3/4 IN BAR
I800F, I HR, OQ + 13ZS, 16 HR, AC 25 Ni
I40
-- 15 Cr

~ "'
' IS 0 -
:::>
f:o<
... ..- - -- __ , - .
.... 2 Ti
~
IZO -- -.II
="'.,__.__ ..
1.5 Mn
1000 HH
} EXPOSURE
10 0
------A ~--

FTU
--~
I 50
1.3 Mo
IOO
0.3 v
FTY ~
....__ --- 100.
A-286
~ 40
~0::
~
ll.
80

0
--~----~----il---~~---~~-0
c(Z IN)
-
TEMP OF
--.
-
600F
-
-;TY
TEST+ EX!'.
"".:>-<:"--

...
--~
rt
....
"'
;..
f:o<

50
zoo

---
0 400 600 800 IOOO !ZOO -----. 800F
TEMP- F
---. !OOOF
IIOOF <
0
FIG. 3. 03I4 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE -----A IZOOF
/
)
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET
/
(13, p.70-74) /
E-< /
zw .A. _,. /

Fc-ZSNi-1SCr-ZTi -I. SMn-1. 3Mo-O. 3V

0. OZS IN SHEET
l)
0::
w
ll.
20
~ -.:::_--::--
~
,....._-~
__ __, b--~~
:..............._~~
--
Z80 1--....---+- ST + CR 1 AGE AS INDICATED
c(Z IN)
........ 0
O. I 10 100 1000
Z40 EXPOSURE TIME - HR

FIG. 3.0316 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TIME AND

TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
' zoo
:::> OF BAR
f:o< (6, p.87-116)(28, p. 180-184)
"' I60

Q
6i..._ i- ---
.._ - - CH 30 PERCENT+
CR SO PERCENT+ llOOF,
1300F, Fe- 5Ni-15Cr-2Ti-1.5Mn-0.3Mo .3V
IZO Z40 0. 062 IN SHEET
1800, IIIR, ARGON, OQ i 13Z5F, !b IIH

- zoo .
~
;..
E-<

I~~~=r=-
T L
0
..--~~===F::::::1~==-l:---l
NO PRIOR EXPOSURE
!60
""'

0 EXPOSED 650F, 40 KSI, 1000 HR

A 6 EXPOSED 1000F, 40 KSI, 1000 IIR -+---JIZO

IS
f:o<
z
~
10
l)
0:: s
~
ll.
0 COMI'HF.ES!ON
-ZOO 0 zoo 400 600 800 1000
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.03IS EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN STRAIN IN PER IN
TWO COLD WORKED AND AGED
CONDITIONS WITH PRIOR EXPOSURE TO FIG. 3. 03211 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES IN COMPRESSION FOR
STRESS AND TEMPERATURE SHEET AT Rd"OM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
(33,p.I36) (13, p. 62)

'"'"'
 FERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARC H 1968

32 or-----~~F~c--~2~5~tl~i-~1~5~G~r--~2~T~i--~1.~5~M
7n--~~~.~37
M~o--~0~.7
Fc-25Ni-15Gr- ZTi -I. 5Mn-l. 3Mo- 0. 3V 3~V---,
Fe IZU
{ OAHGON }
0. 062 IN SHEET
1800F, 1 IIR + ATM 0() + 13~5F.
1800F, I HR, OQ f 1325F, 16 HR
1611H
25 Ni 6Am

15 Cr 100 ... I ~
(

Ti
"i---...J __
2 ~
~ EXPOSURE AT TEST TEMP. j~-
Z40
1.5 Mn -4~
80 r- 1/~ 111\ 1000 Ill\ ~ iljl

1.3 Mo 0 0. Of>2 SIIEET (l:ll
6 :1/4 IN D!A BAH (2~)
0.3 v 60
0 zoo 400 600 800 1000 !ZOO
A-286 TEMPERATURE - F
FIG. 3.1J3Z2 F:FFEGT OF I:XPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE
ON COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTII OF SHEET
AND BAR
(13, p. 77, 78)(ZH, p. Z05) IzoL-----~------~----~------~----~----~
0 zoo 400 600 800 1000 !ZOO
TEMPERATUI\E- F

FIG. 3. 0361 EFFECT OF J-;XPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE

ON BEARING PROPERTIES OF SIIEET
(13, p.RI-84)

8 0 ..--------,,:-_c--~27
5 N:-::-i_-:-175 G-::-r--=2:-::1"'i--
~J.-:5""M:-n----------.
1.3Mo-0.3V 7/8 IN BAR

60

zo ~----~------~----~----~-------"
-400 0 400 HOO !ZOO IWO
TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 0331 r:FFF:CT OF TEST TF:MPEHATUHE OK
IMPACT STRENGTII OF 1\AH
(5. p. 9. IZ)(H, p. 7)(20)

J20
Fe-ZSNi-LTI-1 . .!Mo-0. 3V
PLATE
I& IIR
ZHO
IZO
Fe- Z5Ni -15Cr ZTi -4. 5Mn -I . .!Mo- 0. 3 V <'ill

100
IHOOJ-', I Ill\
{ 0 AHGON
ATM
6All\
}
O<J -t l:l25F, If> Ill\
zzo -
0.... .... Ui
:,::
.....
....
~ 80
'
-- JHn

"1~ ~ !?-~
r:XPCJSIJI\E AT TEST TEMP
1/2 Ill! 1000 Ill\

60
~- ......."~

0 .187 J>I,ATI' (13)
6 :1/4 IN IliA llAI\ (28)

40 I I I011 L------'--------' -------"'-------'- ------'--------'

0 LOO 400 600 800 1000 I ZOO
0 zoo 400 600 800 1000 !ZOO
TEMPERATURE - F
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0151 EFFECT OF J-:XPOSURF: AND TEST Tr:MPER,\I"UI\E FIC. 3.0.!62 EFF!o:GT OF TEST TEMPERATURr; ON IIEAIUNG
ON SIIEAR STRENGTII OF PLATE AND 1\AR. STRENQT!l OF PLATE
(13. p. 79,80)(28. p. ZIZ) (ZR, p.218,2ZZ,Z24)

r.nnl' 1~()1
 REVISED MARCH 1968 FERROUS ALLOYS
FeNC

260 ~----~F-e---25_N_i--l-5-C-r--2~T-i-~l-.5=Mn~-~~~.3~M7o--7
Fe-25Ni-15Cr-2Ti- l. SMn-1. 3Mo-O. 3V 0.~3~V~-,
0.025 IN SHEET, SHARP NOTCH 0.125 INDIA BAR Fe
ST + 30 PERCENT CR + 1300F, 16 HR 1650F, I HR, AC + 1325F, !6 HR, AC
+ 12.00F, !6 HR, AC 25 Ni
15 Cr
"60~ 2 Ti
~ 1.5 Mn
120
~~0.00071N 1.3 Mo
0
L T
NO PRIOR EXPOJRE
0.3 v
0 EXPOSED 650F 40 KSI, 1000 HR
SMOOTH, FTU
6 EXPOSED lOOOF
1ooL-----~-----L----~------~----~----~ A-286
0 zoo 400 600 800 1000 12.00
TEMPERATURE- F

EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE

STRENGTH OF SMOOTH AND NOTCHED BAR
SUBJECTED TO DOUBLE AGE
0 zoo 400 BOO 1000 (36, p. A-8-16)
TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.03711 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND PRIOR

EXPOSURE TO STRESS AND TEMPERATURE ON
NOTCH STRENGTH AND NOTCH STRENGTH RATIO
OF SHEET COLD ROLLED 30 PERCENT AND
AGED AT !300F (33, I. 136)

~
' z.oo
..z
:r
t:J
Fe-ZSNi-ISCr-Z.Ti- 1. SMn-1. 3Mo-O. JV
0. 02.5 IN SHEET
ST + 80 PERCENT CR + UOOF, 16 llr

..
1<1 160
a:
Ill
!SO ~-F-e--~2~6~N-i-~1~5~C~r--~ZT~i-~l-.~25~M~o--~.2~5~A~I-------;
0. 040 IN SHEET 0. 52 to
:r ST 1800F, I HR, OQ
..z
0. 55
u t !325F, 16HR, AC ~
IZ.O 160
0

~
:Jzl/4[
CENTER CRACK
SPECIMEN

80

Ill
Ill

.
1<1
a:
40
YIELD STRENGTH
ULTIMATE STRENGTH

Ill
0 zoo 400 600 800 CRACK STRENGTH
TEMP.- F 0
0 400 800 1200 1600 z.ooo
FIG. 3. 03712. EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND
TEMPERATURE -F
PRIOR EXPOSURE TO STRESS AND
TEMPERATURE ON NOTCH STRENGTH
AND NOTCH STRENGTH RATIO OF SHEET FIG. 3. 037ZI EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
COLD ROLLED 80 PERCENT AND AGEL) STRENGTH AND CRACK STRENGTH OF
AT llOOF AGED SHEET
(33, p. 136)
(27)
 .. ~'""'"''M~ti\;H 196
8

zoo
Fe Fc- 25N i-!5 Cr-2 Ti-l .
5Mn l. 3Mo -O. 3V
25 Ni BAR , FOR GIN GS
16SO F, 2 HRS , OQ
15 Cr 100
AC
80
2 Ti
1.5 Mn 60

1.3 Mo
~
40
0.3 v RUP TUR E

A-2 86 1500 F 20
20 CONSUMABLE
RUP TUR E ELE CTH ODE
(14) VACUUJ\1 MEL T
.(5 )
tl0( 16) - - - Affi MEL T
JOL-------~----
30 --~------~-----
10 34 38 42 -~
46
(T t 460) {20 t LOG t)
8 x I o- 3
I 10 100 FIG . 3.04 13
1000 10,0 00 MAS TER CUR VES FOR
CRE EP AND CRE EP
TIM E- HR RUP TUR E OF AIR AND
VAC UUM MEL TED
FIG . 3. 0411 CRE EP RUP TUR E CUR BAR AND FOR GIN GS
VES FOR BAR AT
600 TO 1500 F
(ll)
(5, p.l3 , Fig. l, 3){1
4, P. 33)( 1b)

!--t- 25Ni -l5C r-2T i -1.

SMn -1. 3Mo -0. 3V
3/4 IN BAR
100 ST, I HR, OQ 1 13Z
5F, 16 HR
80
~oo}.

~
60

ST 1650 F
40 D r- K
e 0. 350 to 0.10 0
0 0. 600 0.42 4 0.08 1
Fc-2 5Ni -15C r-2T i1. ... 0.46 0 1.8
5Mn - 0.32 5 0.01 7
tl 0. 500 3.0
0.35 0 0.00 9 4. 1
100
iii
:.: 80

60

40
100
80

60
n:sT n:M P
0~--~----~----
1000 1200 ~----~----~ 1200 F
1400 ST 2225 F
40L-------~-
TEM P- F -----~------
I --L-------J
10 I 00 1000 10,0 00
FIG . 3.04 12 PRO DUC ER'S REP RES
ENT ATI ON OF TIM E- HR
TYP ICA L STR ESS -RU
PTU RE CUR VES
FOR 100 AND 1000 HOU FIG . 3.04 14 EFF ECT OF SOL UTI ON
R UFE FOR TRE AT TEM PER ATU
BAR AND FOR GIN G AND STR ESS CON CEN RE
TRA TIO N ON CRE EP
(35, p.l Z) RUP TUR E STR ENG TH
OF BAR AT 1200 F
(14, p. 33)

CODE 1601
PAGE 12
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1968 FERROUS ALLOYS

Fe-Z5Ni-15C r-2.Ti-1. 5Mn-1. 3Mo-O. 3V Fe-Z5Ni-15C r-2.Ti-1. 5Mn-1. 3Mo-O. 3V

0. 045 IN SHEET BAR AND FORGINGS
100 Fe
1.0 25 Ni
80 0.1 ~~+-------------------~
0.01 15 Cr
PERCENT CREEP
THERMAL EXP
PER 1000 lffi 2 Ti
INCLUDED 1.5 Mn
1.3 Mo
1000 12.00 1400 1600
TEMP- F 0.3 v
FIG. 3. 042.3 PRODUCER'S REPRESENTA TION OF
TYPICAL CREEP DESIGN CURVES
FOR BAR AND FORGINGS A-286
(35, p. 13)
1.53
10 PERCENT

8
2 PERCENT}
6
0 3 PERCENT
A 5 PERCENT
6 7 PERCENT 1.56
PERCENT
4L-----~----~L-----~----~
0.001 0.01 0. 1 10
TIME- HR

FIG. 3. 042.1 SHORT TIME TOTALSTRA INCURVES

FOR SHEET AT 1200 TO 1700F
(17. p. 43)

Fc-25Ni-15Cr -2.Ti -1. 5Mnl. 3Mo-O. 3V

BAR
0.6 1650F,

1700F
0.4

o.z

!-o
z
w 0
u
0:
w 1500 F
ll.
0.4
z'
:;:
0:
!-o
rn o.z
u
1::
~
...:! 0
ll.

1350 F
0.4

o.z

TIME MINUTES
FIG. 3.042.2 CREEP CURVES AT 1350, 1500 AND 1700F FOR BAR
(36, p. A-5-10)
FeNC
FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

\ ....

Fe-Z5Ni-15Cr-ZTi-1. SMn-1. 3Mo-O. 3V

Fe BAR STOCK
1650F, ZHRS, 0. 06Z Typ O. ZSO
25 Ni
15
2
Cr
Ti
~
0. OIOR z 114 R

1.5 Mn I -""o. ~c;

1.3 Mo
0.3 v
A-286
"'"'
Iii I HRDATA
...a: A IOHRDATA
"'0z Kt
1000 HR DATA

!=: 1.0
<
z 3.4
a:
...Iii
~
< 40

8
"
<
zo

A= 0. 0
0 0 zo 40 . 60 . 80 100 IZO 140
MEAN STRESS -F - KSI
MF
FIG. 3. 051 STRESS RANGE DIAGRAM FOR SMOOTH AND NOTCHED
SPECIMENS AT BOOF AND 1000F
(Z4)

100 Fe-Z5Ni-15Cr-ZTi-1. 5Mn-

80 1. 3Mo-O. 3V
60 BAR

~ -
1650F, Z HR, OQ
40 + 1300F, 16 HR, AC

zo ~v..'
~
10
8
"K.;;, \. ~

\..
6 '
4
0
~ ',
\, ~-\.
P LASTJC STRAIN
--- 0.5 PERCENT
z -- 0,2 PERCENT

0 \ \
\.
1350F T =TEMP- F
D. 1500F
I .\.,
0 1700F
I \. -\
0.8
0.6
34 36 38 40 4Z 44
P = (T + 460)(ZO +LOGt) x 1o-3
FIG. 3.04ZS TIME- TEMPERATURE PARAMETER PLOT FOR
0. Z AND 0. 5 PERCENT PLASTIC STRAIN FOR BAR
(36, p. A - 5-1Z)
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1968 FERROUS ALLOYS

12 ~F~e~-~2~5N~i~-~~~5C~r~-~Z~T~i--lr.~5~Mn~-~l-.3~M~o--~
Fe-25Ni-l5Cr-2Ti-l. 5Mn-l. 3Mo-O. 3V
80 BAR STOCK
0. 062 Typ O.
0.3V Fe
J650F, 2 HRS, 0~ + 1325F, 16 HRS AC 250
8 25 Ni

60
<
II

,0~
1~tT
O.OJOR-z 1/4 R
0
0
15
2
Cr
Ti
0

~
~ 8
I DYNAMIC (5) 1.5 Mn
40 ---(10)
1.3 Mo
6~----._----~----~--~
~ 0 400 800 1200 1600 0.3 v
~ 20 TEMP- F
< A-286
~ FIG. 3.063 MODULUS OF RIGIDITY AT ROOM
Ill AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
l3a: 0 (5, p. 7)(10)
E-o 80
Ill
0
~
<
z 60
a:
1-l
E-o
..l
< 40

0 zo 40 60 80 100 JZO 140

MEAN STRESS -FMF- KSI

FIG. 3.052 STRESS RANGE DIJ 1.GRAM FOR SMOOTH AND NOTCHED
SPECIMENS AT IIOOF AND IZSOF
(24)

Fe-25Ni-15Cr-2Ti-L 5Mn
100
I. 3Mo-O. 3V
36 r-F-e---Z5_N_i...;-1_5_C_r_-Z-T-i--l-.-5M-n--l-.-3M-o--0-.-3V---.
0, 062 IN SHEET
1800F, IHR, OQ
DYNAMIC (5)(8)(20) +13Z5F, 16HR
STATIC (13) 80
32-

60

0
~
0
0 1/2 TO 1000 HR
40
24 EXPOSURE
(8)(5)(20) 6\lOF
.... (13) !OOOF
20
zo -~-(10)
BOOF
COMPRESSION lZOOF

16~----L-----~--~--~----~
0
0 8 16 24 32
-400 0 400 800 !ZOO !600 !000 KSl
TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 064 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN
FIG. 3. 062 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT LOW COMPRESSION FOR SHEET AT
AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERA-
(5, p. 7)(8, p. 5 )(1 0, p. 43 -R2)
TURES. (13, P 67)
(13, p. 7Z-"t4)(ZO)
 FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH 1968

,_
100
Fc-25Ni-15Cr-2.Ti- 1. SMn-1. 3Mo- Fe-25Ni-15Cr-2.Ti- l. 5Mn-l. 3Mo-O. 3V
Fe O. 3V 48 1-~==:ii'I-..;;B;::RA:'-'-'=ZED (WITH COAST 1700-Co-Ni), 1900F, 5 MIN
3/4 DIA. BAR
25 Ni
1800 F, I HR. OQ. +
15 Cr 132.5 F, 16 HRS.
IOOOHR. EXPOSURE 40~~~~-T~-4~----~~~-+------r-----,______,
2 Ti
60
1.5 Mn
1.3 Mo ....
0.3 v !2 40

A-286
2.0

0
8 16 32 40

1000' KS:

FIG. 3.065 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN

COMPRESSION FOR BAR AT
ELEVATED TEMPERATURE. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
TEMP- F

(28 pg. 150) FIG. 4. 036 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON ULTIMATE TENSILE
STRENGTH OF JOINTS BRAZED WITH COASTMETAL 1700-Co, Ni
(29, p.24)

Fe-ZSNi- I 5Cr-2.Ti- I. 5Mn-l. 3Mo-O. 3V

0. 12.5 AND 0. 2.50 IN SHEET
160
-MILL ANN+ WELDED+ 1650F, Z HR
AC + 1300F, 16 HR, JI.C

140
~--........,~- -
-~--~

~t---==:
~"'"'
<:::
~ 12.0
r---..: t?:::
t--==:: ~
F
~'
f:t~, ~

~ "\
.__ N)~
1--
100
- F
---
~~
TY
80
-----
0
PARENT METAL
0. 2.50 IN SHEET }

HASTELLOY W FILLER
0. I 2.5 IN SHEET 0.06~ DIA
C::.
0. 250 IN SHEET }
0. I 2.5 IN SHEET
INCONEL X FILLER
0.062 DIA

1/16
-j O.lf
L_~
j-1116
1t2so 1
30 0 '
E-< -- 1 - - - 1----
--- --
i5
u
~
P.
20

10 ... c(2IN) --- - .....

0 zoo 400 600 800 1000 1200

TEMP- F
FIG. 4. 034 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SHEET WELDED WITH
HASTELLOY W AND WITH INCONEL X FILLER
(37, p. A-1-13/A-1-16)
 REVIS EDM ARCH 1968 FeNC
FERROUS ALLOYS

,!'!..,
160
Fe-Z5N i-15Cr -ZTi-l. 5Mn-1. 3Mo-O. 3V 14. Voorhe es, H.R. and Freema n, J. W., "Notch
0. 060 IN SHEET Sensitiv ity of Alrcmf t Structu ral and Engine Alloys"
.
-~BRAZE+ l800F, 1 HR
Part D. " Further Studies with A-286 Alloy",
Part I, Fe
WADC TR 57-58 (Januar y 1959)
140 + 1300F, 16 HR
15. ASTM STP No. 160 pg. 69-77 (August 1954) 25 Ni
PAREN T METAL~TU 16. Sessler , J.G .. and Brown, W.F. Jr. Proc ASTM,
15 Cr
Vol. 56, pg. 738 (1956)

-+- - -t -.,..,FTY 17. VanEch o, J.A., Gullottl , D. V., Bibler, J.R.

and
2 Ti
~,:'7 ' ' \
!iJ 1ZO Simmon s, IV. F., AFTR No. 6731 Part 4 (Jan
1956)
:.; 18. Klima, S.J., Nachtig al!, A.J., Hoffman , C.A.,NA
SA Mn
c A B '
TN D-1458 "Prelim inary lnvcstig ation of Effect
of
1.5
D. 10 0. 10 '\ Hydroge n on Stress-R upture and Fatigue Propert
100
Fe 0.8 2.5-3. 5
---- rL9-Z.
Cr
1 3.75-4 .25
6.0 -8.0
,, 19.
an Iron-A- Nickel, and a Cobalt Base Alloy"
(Decem ber 1962)
Schwan beck, C .A., "Effect of Nuclear Radiatio
ies of 1.3
0.3
Mo
v
B 0. 7-0.9 2.25-2 .75 n on
Materia ls at Cryogen ic Temper atures'' , Lockhee
~.
Ni Bal d
80 Bal Nuclear Product s, Lockhee d Georgia Co., NASA..C
R A-28 6
ED 0. 6BA + 0. 32B \\~
*MAXIM UM MlXTUR 54881, LAC -ER-843 4 , contrac t NAS 3-7987
BRAZE D WITH (Januar y 1965)
WIDE GAP BRAZED WITH 0.060 GAP \ 20. Boeing Airplane Co., "Manufacturing Researc
60
_:.j---r~ h,
Alleghe ny Ludlum A-286 AlloY'' Final Report,
BRAZE~_/ ......

~
(January 22, 1959).
21. Brown, H. "Meln!l urglcal Charac teristic s of A-280

40
FTY
'" 22.
Alloy" DMIC Memo 59, (July 1960).
The Carpen ter Steel Corp. , "Carpen ter lllgh

I Temper ature Alloys" , (1962)

zo
PAREN T _j
\ 23. Genom! Dynami cs, "Compl lal!dn of Materia ls
Researc h Dnta", Second Quarter Progres s Report
Phase I, Contrac t AF33(616)-7981, Task No.
-

v
40 73812
I 24,
(Septem ber 1961)
Blatherw ick, A.A., Cera A. "Fatigu e, Creep
'uz"'
Iii BRAZ~n_y Stress-R upture propert ies of Nicrotu ng, Super
and lneonel 718", AFl\IL- TR-65-4 47, Septem ber
and
A-286,
e>: zo 1965.
Iii
11. -- --- ~ARE
--+~
25.

26.
Bell Acrosys tcms Co "Phase II Cryogen ic Propert
of 2014 TG and A-286" , Hcv. A. (June 29, 1962).
Armco Steel Corporation, Technic al Data Sheet,
ies

0
INTillC~SS A-286" SAl-No vember 1966.
"Armco

600 800 27. Morriso n J.D., Jenkins , P.C. Kallus. J.R.,

1000 !ZOO 1400 !600 "An Invcstigntlon of lhc Crack Propagation Resista
TEMP - F nce
of lllgh-8t rength Alloys and Heat Resista nt Alloys"
-
FIG. 4.037 EFFEC T OF TEST TEMPE RATUR E AND Summa ry Heport. Souther n Hcsearc h lnstitutc
WIDE ,
GAP BRAZI NG ON TENSIL E PROPE RTIES (Novem ber 21, 1962) 5603-12 56-X.
OF 28. Pearlll .A., Kappclt , G.F. and King, E.J.,
SHEET
"Mecha nical Propert ies of Selected Alloys at Elevate
(37, p. B-1-11) d
Temper atures" , IVADC TR 59-702 Part I, (March
1960)
29. Glorios o, S. V. "Relati onship of Hot Hardnes s
to
Elevated Temper ature Mcchnnicnl Propert ies",
Convair ..Cenem l Dynami cs, (Decem ber 23, !960).
30. Aornes, M.ll. and Tuttle, M.M. "Prcscn lntlon
of
REFEHE NCES Cree11 Data for Design Purpose s" ASD TR 61-216
!. AMS 5525B ( January 15, lUG!) (June 1961).
2. AMS 5735F (March 1966) 31. Mctcut Researc h Associa tes Inc., "l.Dw Stress
Creep
3. AMS 5736D (April 15, 1967) Testing of A-286", Heport No. 363-158 5.
4. 32. Dnln from Joliet Melnllu rgtcnl Lnborat orles ,,nppllcd
AMS 5737C (March 15, 1966)
o. Alleghe ny Ludlum Steel Corp., Technic al Daln. to IVADD.
pg. 17 - 18 (1952) 33. Haring, R.ll., Freema n, J. W., Schultz , J, W.
and
6. Alleghe ny Ludlum Steel Corp., 0111 -52, 1055-37 Voorhee s, ll,H., "Progre ss Report of tho NASA
, Special Commit tee on Materia ls Researc h for
(1955) SUper-
7. Alleghe ny Ludlum Steel Corp., Technic al Informa sonic Transpo rts", NASA TN-D-1 798,(Ma y 1963)
tion, 34.
(1956) Powers , D.J. "TI1crmal Expansion Dcterminn.t!.on
on
B. Alleghe ny l.JJdlum Steel Corp., "A-286" SS67-F. a TA-90, Tungste n 10 Alloy, A-286, nnd Blco
D-1-15 Loy
M-361, (1961) Steel", Bell Acrosy stems Co., Contrac t AF33(65
7)-
9. Univers al-cyclo ps Steel Corp., "High Temper s;ss, (March 1963)
ature 35.
Metals, Propert ies and Process ing Daln", Alleghe ny Ludlum Steel Co., "High Temper ature
IITM 300, (1957) Alloys" , (1961).
10. General Electric Co., (1955 - 56) 36. Genarnl Eleclric Co., "Mnteriu.l Propert y Dnta
ll. General Electric Co., "Spec!It catlon Sheets" , Compila tion", A-286, Part I, (Mill Product s),
A4012220, -309.-3 11,-323 . -370 RJ (1958) Contrac t AF33 (657)-80 17.
12.. Koepke, B.G., Jewett, H.P., nndCha ndlerW 37. General Electric Co., "Materi als Propert y
.T.,
"Streng thening Iron-Ba se Alloys by Shock Waves" Compila tion", A-286, Part ll (Welding and Brazing
)
ML TOH 64-282, Researc h Dept. of Rocket Dyne, Contrac t AF 33(657) -8017.
Division of North Americ an lne., Canoga Park, 38. AlliS 5734A (March 15, 1966),
Californ ia. 39. AMS 5804A (Januar y 15, 1963)
13. Kattus, J.R., Preston , J.B. and Lessley , II. 40.
L. AMS 5805A (Januar y 15, 1963)
"DctcrmtnaUon of Tcnsllc, Comprc sslve.Be nring,n 41. AMS 7235 (Januar y 15, 1962)
nd
Shear Propert ies at Elevate d Temper atures" 42. AMS 57 31C (April 15, 1967)
WADC TR 58-365 (Novem ber 1958) 43. AMS 5732B (March 15, 1966l

..-

~:
 FeNC
REVISED= MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL I. 071 Alloy Is available in the full commercial range of sizes

This alloy Is a member of the 20Co-20Cr-20Nl super alloy
group which WR.:J considered outstanding for high temper- 1.072
for nil forms except seamless tubing.
All forms arc available in the annealed condition.
Fe
ature service a decade ago. It Is essentially austenitic 1.073 Forgings nrc also available in the hot cold worked 20 Co
and the elevated temperature properties are only slightly condition.
sensitive to variations in processing anti heat tr~atlng. It 20 Cr
is available In all wrought forms, except seamless tubing, 1. 08 Melting and Casting Practice. Electric furnace air melt.
and as sand and investment castings. It can be formed All types of vacuum melts, ns well as vacuum degassed 20 Ni
and welded with relative case. ~he low columbium variety material are also avallablc.
of this alloy (AMS 5531) is obsolete.
3 Mo
1.09 Special Considerations. Unless stress relieved, hot cold
worked forgings may warp during nmchinlng.
2.5 w
I. 01 Commercial Designation. Multimet Alloy.
Cb
1.02 Alternate Desl 0'!1ations. N-155
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
1. 03 Specl!lcations. Table I. 03.
2. OJ Thermal Properties N-155
TABLE I 03 2. 011 Melting range. 2325 to 2475 F, (10, p. 30) (16, p. 2).
AMS Form MUitnrv 2.012 Pha"c chan:~cs. Although the alloy is subject to precipitat-
53768 Casting, prec. invest. ions, these ar" of little significance to the properties.
5531 Sheet (low Cb) 2. :JJ3 Thermal conductivity, Fig. 2. 013.
55328 Sheet 2,0;4 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2. 014,
5585 Tubing, welded 2. OJ~ Spcci!lc heat. 0. 103 to 0. 104 !ltu per lb F. (10, p. 30)
5768E Bar, forgings (16. p.4).
5769 Bar ,forgings, flash welded 2,02 Ot;1er Physl<:al Properties
rings 2.021 Density, Tobie 2. 201.
5794A Wire, welding MILR-5031 Comp 9
57958 Electrode, coated welding MILE-6844 C1 10 ~So_u_r_c_c__-r----~T~A~B~L~E~2~1~~2~.~~.~6~3~l------------,
AuiW Fc20Co20Cr20Ni3 Mo3. SW I Cb
I. 04 Composition. Table I. 04.
Condition ST + A<re
lh p~r cu in

Source
TABLE I 04
gr pcrcu =rr
0.300
8.3 I0.298
8.2
.,~ 12l13ll4llol17 M~ j\18 Carpenter (17) .A<~Loghenil.:Udlum (It>)
P\!rccnt P~rccnt P.:r;t.llt Percent
Min Max Min Ma Min Max Nominal
Carbon
Manganese
0.03 (c)
I. 00
0.16 (c) - 0. 20 (u) OR .lh 0.15
2.00 J.U 2.0 1.11.1 L.UU 1.50
Silicon - I. 00 - 1.0 - 1.00 n:ax 0.50
Phosphorus -- O.OtO (a) -- O.Ul - .04 max --
S"lfur
Chromium 20.00
n.o3o
22.50 20.0
0.0.1
2l ..'i
- ,03 max
2-t. 11 2 ~- 5 21.0
Nlol.el 19.00 2!.0\J 19.0 21.0 1~.0 21.0 20.0
Cobolr 18.50 21.00 18.5 21.0 IR .; 21.0
Copper
Molybdenum 2.50
- 3.50
- -
2.5
-
3. ,j
-
2. 50
. 50 max
20.0
-
3. 50 3.0
Tungsten 2.00 3.00 2.0 ;!.(1 2.0 3.0 2.5
Columbium
+Tnntalum 0. 75 (b) I. 25 (h) 0. 75 I. 25 . 75 1.23 1.0
Nitrogen
Iron
0.10 0.20
Balimcc
0.10 (c)
ll.1iancp
0.20 (c) .10
Bnlancc
.20 -
30.0
(o) AMS 5555 gives 0. 030
(b) AMS 5531 gives 0. 50 to 0. 85
(c) AMS 5794 A gives 0. 10 max only
(d) AMS 5795 B gives 0. 10 max C and 1. 0 to 2. 5 Mn
(c) AMS 5376 B only
1.05 Heat Trcallncnt 2.022 Electrical resistivity. 36.6 microhm i<~.
1.051 ~SOlUtion trcar. 2000 to 2.300 F, air cc.ol, oil or 2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonma!,'llCtic.
water quench depending on sect ion size.
1.0511 ll.1r and forgings. AMS 5768 E specifics 2!25 to 2175 F, 2.03 Chemical Properties
1 hr, water quench.
2. 031 Corrosion resistance d the alloy, in the annealed condition,
1.05!2 Wc!dcd tubing. AMS 5585 specific 2!30 to 2170 F, atr
to nitric acid Is equal to that of austenitic stainless steels,
cool.
Its resistance to weak hydrochloric and sulphuric acids Is
1.052 Stress relief for forgings. 1200 F, 2 hl 4 hr.
1.053 Age. 1200 to 1650 F. 4 to 24 hr, air cool.
superior to tint of stainless steels. The hot worked, cold
1.0531 worked and aged conditions arc slightly inferior to ti1c
ll.1r and forgings. AMS 5768 E specifics 1475 t'> 1525 F,
4 hr, air cool. annealed condition.
2.032 Alloy exhibits high resistance to oxidation and to all
I. 0532 Precision invesuncnt castings. AMS 5376 B specifics 1465
to 1485 F, 50 hr. atmospheres occuring in engines up to 1900 F for continuou&
I. 054 liot cold work forgings. 15 to 20 pcrcnt at 1400 to 1650 F, service and up to 1600 F for intermittent service.
followed by stress rei icf. This -:rcatu ern 1m proves
2.04 Nuclear Properties
strcnbrth nt tcmpuralurcs up :o 120U F.

1.0~ Bar~!!~!?lli!Y... Alloy can I>~ ira rdencd ooly by .:old work
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
and hot cold work. Effect of cold rolling on tonilc
propcrrles of bar, Ftg. I. 05.
3. 01 Specified Mechanical Properties
1.07 3. Oil AMS specified mechanical properti~s. Table 3. Oil.
 FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

TA8LE3.011 TABLE 3 063

Fe AMS AMS AMS Source
(2) (3) \5) (6) (4)
AMS .. (16,p.2)
AllQY_
20 Co Source
(1)
Tcmo-F
Fe20Co-20Cr-20Ni.-.~~o-3. SW-lCb _ _
Poisson' Ratio
20 Cr Allnv " -?nr.. -?nr -?nn-'" - <W-ICh 70 0.298
Bar, Forgings Welded Prec. lmest. 800 0.315
20 Ni Form
__t;<>naltlon
Sheet Tubing Castin~:s 1200 0.325
Ann Ann ,,ged Ann As Ca!l A ed 1500 0.339
3 Mo F , min -ksi 100 - - 100 45 -
10
2.5 w max -ksl 140 - - 140 - -
I Cb
e(2 In), min -p.>ram
Full Section, OD
40 - - - t5 -
< 0.625 In - - - 30 - - 4. FAoRICATION
> 0.625 In - - - 40 - -
Strip - - - 35 - - 4.01 Forming and Casting
N-155 Hardness 4. 011 General. Sheet can be formed by stainless steel
BHN, min - !57 192 - - - practices, but requires more force and more frequent
max - 207 241 - - - intermedjate anneals.
RC, max - - - - 21 28 4. 012 Forging. Starting temperature 2250 F maximum,
e(tlN) finishing tcmpemture 1750 F minimum. At tempemtures
3. 012 Additional AMS requirements !low 1800 F reductions should exceed 10 percent. This
3. 0121 AMS 5531 and 5532 B specify for sheet, that rupture time at tcmperaturP. range should be used to assure a soft
1495 to 1505 F, 18 ksi shall be 24 hr minimum and condition and to avoid grain growth during service at high
elongation (2 in) atl8 to 25 ksl shall be 10 percent temperature. Hot cold working may be accomplished
minimum. down to 1400 F. Thorough soaking on reheating Is
recommended.
3. 0122 AMS 5768 C specifics Cor bar and forgings, that rupture
time atl340 to 1360 F, 24 ksi, shall be 100 hr minimum 4.02 Machining. This alloy Is more diUicult to machln~ ti1an
and elongation (4 D) at 24 to 40 ksi, shall be 10 percent the common austenitic stainless steels. The aged
minimum. condition machines better than other conditions. Ample
3. 0123 AMS 5376 8 specifics for precision investment castings cooling with a sulphur base cutting fluid is required.
dull tensile strength at 1490 to 1510 F shall be 45 ksi
minimum and elonb'3tion (I in) shall be 15 percent 4.03 Welding. Alloy can be fusion and resistance welded.
minimum. FUsiOilwclding Is performed by either the metallic arc
or the inert gas shielded methods. Inert gas welding is
3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature. Sec 3. 03. not recommended for plate over 3/8 In thick. The
submcrzcd melting and sigma welding processes arc
3.03 Mechanical Properucs at Various Temperatures unsuitable hecause of d1c resulting low weld ductility.
3.031 Short time tension properties Thorough cleaning and minimizing of restraint is
3.0311 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of sheet, necessary. For maximum corrosion resistance welded
Fig. 3. 0311. assemblies should he solution treated.
3. 0312 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of cast
test bars, Fig, 3. 0312. 4.04 Heating and Heat Treating. Usc neutral or mildly
3.0313 Effect of room and elevated temperature on tensile oxidizing atmospheres. Material must be clean from
properties of alloy, Fig. 3. 0313. cutting fluid.
3.032 Short time properties other tha~ tension
3. 0321 BUcct o( exposure and test temperature on impact 4. 05 Surface Trcatinu. Alloy can be pickl~d only In a molten
strength of har and plate, Fig. 3. 0321. caustic bad1 at 970 F Cor 2 to 3 min, followed by water
3.033 Static stress concentration effects quenching, dippmg in a 12 percent nitric and 4 percent
hydrofluoric acid solution at 120 to 160 F, 3 to 30 min,
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties and water rinsing.
3. 041 Creep rupture ami total strain curves Cor bar at 1200 to
200 .----F-e--2-0C_o___2_0C_r--2-0,..N-i--3M-o--2-r.-SW--l-C-b-,
1650 F, Fig. 3. 041.
3.042 Creep rupture curves for bar and forgings at 1200 to BAR
1800 F, Fig. 3. 042. 2150 F. RAC
3.043 Creep rupture curves for precision investment castings
at 950 to 1500 F, Fig. 3. 043.
3.044 Master creep rupture curves for sheet, Fig. 3. 044.
3.045 Creep rupture curve at 1200 to 1600 F for nlloy,
Fig. 3.045.
3.05 Fatigue Properties. Table 3. 05.
TABLE 3 OS
Source 9, p. 13 (16, p. 4)
Form I to I 1/2 in Bar 80
Condition Ann+ 1200 F 50 hr
Temp Method Stress Fatigue Strcngt11 - ksl
F Ratio at Cycles
A I R 108 40
1200
1500
Rot beam
oc I-I 66
33
3.06 Blastic Properties
3.061 Modulus of elasticity at room and elevated temperatures, 0 10 20 30 40
Fig. 3.061. REDUCTION - PERCENT
3.062 Modulus of rigidity at room and elevated temperatures, FIG. I. 06 EFFECT OF COLD ROLLINC ON TEN-
Fig. 3. 062.
SILE PROPERTIES OF BAR
3.063 Poisson's ratio, Table 3.063.1.
(9, p.6)

CODE
'------
1602
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS
, ...
.(
/

Fe-20Co- 20Cr-20Nij3Mo-2 . 5W-!Cb

1 _... /" Fe-20Co-20Cr-20 NI-3Mo-2. W-ICb Fe
CAST TEST BARS
-<B> I /7' 20 Co
- - (9, p.3)(16, p.4) v
/--
/ 20 Cr

v v
/

v,......... 20 Ni
3 Mo
// TIIERMA CONDUCJIVITY
2.5 w
,..,.,..,.
Cb
0 200 400 600 BOO 1000 1200 40 ~~~~t-----4----~-----~---~
TEMP- F e
SAND CAST
+ 2140 F, 2 HR
FIG. 2. 013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY 0 PREC iNVEST CAST N-155
(H)(9. p. J)(ln. p. 4) 20 r--"A!~S~C~A~~~~--+----+----+--~-1

Fe-20Co- 0Cr-20Nl-3Mo-2, 5 40

!z
Ill
~ 0
~ 40

0
0 400 BOO 1200 1600 2000
TEMP F

FIG. 3,0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA'MJRE ON TEN-

0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 SILE PROPERTIES OF CAST TEST BARS
TEMP- F (9. p. 7)

PIG. 2. 014 TIIERMAL EXPANSION

('1, p. 4)(11)(16, p. H)(l7, p. h. I)

Fe-20Co-20Cr-20 NI-3Mo2. 5W-1Cb

~t--+---+---I'=:~SHEET ~20 F<20Co-20Cr-20 No-JMo-2. 5W-1Cb
2030 TO 2150 F .PAC 12( I 1ST +A.-.xl

r---.

"'----
B(l
HI l "Tu

BO 40 ~
"' HI
1 ..

"Tv
~ ~
Vi
~40
~
"'0 r
{.; 40
0
..
.....
RA

u
Q
"'"'
d2 INl
40 c..

!z
Ill
I
ll 400 HO!l 1200
u IIJOO
!:io
a. TEMP-I'
0 400 BOO 1200
TEMP- F FIG. 1.011.1 EFFEC.I OF ROOM AND ELEVATED
r EMPEHATURE ON TENSILE
FIG. J. 0311 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PRot' En- P:WPERTIES OF ALLOY
TIES OF SHEET ('' p.n)(l4)(15, p HHi (lh, p. 4)

CODE 1602
PAGE 3
FeNC
FERROUS AlLOYS REVISED MARtH 1963

Fe
20 Co
20 Cr
20 Ni 80

3 Mo
2.5 w ~ 60 l-+--+----+---+~-t-----l
I Cb "'
'------' ... 2~HR} BXl'OSURB

N-155 oW eOBAR+2000F, HR. AC

A6BAR+7.200P, 1HR, AC
" PLATB+2165P, WQ

FIG. 3.0321 EFFecT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPER-

ATURE ON IMPACT STRENGTH OF BAR AND
PLATE
(9, p.S) RUPTURE
.I
BAR
- - - ItS FORGBD
2 --. -- 2280 F _.1/2 HR, AC'-+---1
- - 2280F,1HR, WQ
+ 1500 F, 4 HR, AC
FORGINGS
---l200F, 2

10 100 1000
TIME- HR

PIG. 3, 042 CREBP RUPTURB cURVBS FOR

BAR AND FORGINGS AT 1200 TO
1800 F (8)(9, p. 10)

Fe-~oco-20Cr-20Nl-3Mo-2, sW-1Cb
PREC INV CASTINGS
100 AGBD, 2 HR
80
.-
60 - 950 F

UOOF -
l200F

10 r-_,~----r~~~+-~~-+--~
r--- ~
_
--
8 I'-- .... ......
20
6 RUPTURE 500F-,
AGBD
- 1500F
4
ST+AGE
- - 1650F
I
- - 1% \TOTAL RUPTURE
10
- - 0.51JSTRAIN 10 100 1000
10 100 1000 10,000 TIMB- HR
TIMB -HR
FIG. 3, 043 CREEP RUPTURB CURVES FOR PRS-
PIG. 3. 041 CREBP RUPTURB AND TOTAL STRAlN CURVBS ClSION INVESTMBNT CASTINGS AT
FOR BAR AT 1200 TO 1650 F 950 TO 1500 F (9, p.ll)
(9, p.15,16)(16, p. 4)

COOE 1602
PAGE 4
 r VI .. \J

REVISEDMARCHI963 FERROUS ALLOYS

60
Fe-20C0-20Cr-'20Nl-3Mo-2. W-1Cb
SHBBT
Fe
I" ANN
28
20 Co
20 Cr

20 ""' ~ i2
!!6
20 Ni
3 Mo
2.5W
RUPJ'URB
""' ~ z I Cb
10
8

36
T,TBMP-P
t, T111m -HR
~
""
..
'\.
1\

f
\
52
--(13)
- - - (10)(16)(17)
20L---~----._--~~~~
0 BOO 1200 1600
N-155

(T + ~(20 +LOG t) x 10"

TBMP.P
3
p 10
a.. MASTER CREEP RUPTUilB CURVBS POR SHBET
(ll) PIG, 3. 061 MODULUS OP BLASTICITY A.T ROOM
AND BLBVATBD TBMPBRAnntBS
(10, p.30)(13, Flg.136)(16, p.1-4)(17, p. 63)

100 ~~---~---~--,
Fe-20Co-20Ct-20NI-3Mo2.SW1Cb
80 200 F, 1HR, WQ
+ 1400 F, 16HR, AC
12
Pe20Co-20Cr20Ni-3Mo-2. SW1Cb
ANN

11

'" "

10 1---1---"""!.o-------t----1

8 ~~----+-~~,___,
i2
~
10

9 "' "''
G '\

~ '\
10 100 1000
TIME- HR 0 ~ 800 1200 !600
TBMP P
FIG. 3, 045 CREEP RUPTURE CURVE AT 1200
TO 1600 F FOR ALLOY FlO, 3, 062 MODULUS OF RIGIDITY AT ROOM AND
(17, p.64) ELBVATBD TBMPBRAnntBS
(12, Fig. 136)

CODE 1602
PAGE 5
 FERROUS ALLO YS REVISE DMAR CH 1963

REFEREN CES
Fe
I AMS 5376 8, (Mar. I, 1955)
20 Co 2 AMS 5531, (Feb. 15, 195J)
3 AMS 5532 8, (June 15, 1950)
20 Cr 4 AMS .;;~;. (Ocr. I, 1950)
20 Ni 5 AMS 5769 (June 30, 1960)
b AMS 576H E, (Jan. 15, 19:>0)
3 Mo 7 AMS 5794 A, (June I, 1951)
8
2.5 w 9
AMS 5795 8, (June 15, 1953)
Haynes Soellite Co., "Multimet Alloy", (1958)
10 UniVersal -Cyclops Steel Corp., ''High Temperat ure MLtals'',
Cb (1957)
II General Electr>c Co., "Data Sheet", A 40! 2220, (Feb. 28,
1957)
12 General Ele.:tric Co., "Data S~eet", A 4012220, (Ocr. 31,
N-155 1956)
13 North Amcrh:an Aviation In!.!., ''Material Property ManuJI
and Summary Report", p. 19, (Ocr. 30, 1957)
14 Curtiss Wright Corp., "Data :tnd Publu.:~uions P..tncl Da1.1
Sheet", ( 1958)
15 Simmons, Ward F. and Cross, Howard C . "Report on rhc
ElcJatl.od -1 en! perature Properties of St!lccrt..'<.J S'JJh..'r-5~ rf!ngth
Alloys", ASTM STP No. 160, p. 808H, (Au~. 1954)
lo Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp., "N-155 CrNiCo -Fe!lJsc
Alloy for High Temperat ures", SS73-EdI -15M-361 j, p.l-\
(1961)
17 The Carpenter S'.ccl Co., "Carpl..'ntcr H1gh Tcalpt.!rat urc
Alloys", Carp~ntcr N-155, p. 6J, (1962)

CODE 1602
PAGE 6
REVIS ED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

I. GENERAL
1.08 ~ and Casting Practice. Electric furnace air melt.
This alloy Is a member of the famous 20Co20C r-20NI
group of super alloys which were considen'< i outstandin g
Fe
1.09 Special ::onsidcra tions
for high tempemtu re service a decade ago. It Is the
1. 091 Large grains In forglngt should be avoided (3).
20 Co
strongest of these Iron base aliQys. It is distinguis hed
by Its long lime stability at high tempemtur es and has
2. PHYSlCAJ, AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
20 Cr
good strength up to 1400 F and good oxidation resistan<>e
up to 1800 F. The alloy Is heat treatable to a limited 20 Ni
2.01 T.1ermat Propertie s
extent. It Is produced primarily In form of bar and forglrgli 4 Cb
2.Qll r.;~.:ltlng range. 2400 to 2500 F, (7, p. 4).
although fiat products and casting are also available.
2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subject to precipitati on.
2.013 Thermal conductivi ty, Fig. 2. 013. 4 Mo
I. 01 Commerc ial Designatio n. S-590. 2.014
2. 015
Thermal expansion , Fig. 2. 014.
Specific heat, Table 2. 015.
4 w
1. 02 Alternate Designatio ns. None.

1.03 TABLE 2.0 5

Source 7 p.4 S-590
From RT to Te'lll!- F Soccific heat Btu ner-(lb F\
TABLE 1.03 572 0.10
Fonn 932 0.10
Sheet, s utp, plate !292 0.11
Bar, forgings

2.02 Other Physical Propertie s

1.04 Compositi on. Table I. 04. 2.021 Density. o. 30llb ;>er cu ln. a. 34 gr per cu em, (7, p. 5).
2.022 Electrical resistivity
2.023 Magnetic properties . Alloy is nonmagne tic.
TARLR ll4
Source AM~ fl(2
2.03 Chemical Properties
Percent 2,031 Corrosion rcslstaoce of this alloy Is similar to that of
Min Max austenitic stainless steels.
Carbon 0.38 C.18 2.032 Oxidation resistance Is exec llent up tc 1500 F and slightly
Manganes e
Silicon
-- 2.00
l. 00
Inferior to Type 310 stainless steel up to 1800 F, (~. P 6}.
Phosphorus - 0.040 2.04 Nuclear Properties
Sulfur
Chromium
- 0.030
19.0) 22.CJ)
Nickel 18. :;:, 21.51 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Cobalt 18.Sl 2UO
Molybdenum 3.50 4.50 3. 01 Specified Mechanica l Propertie s
Tungsten 3.50 4.50 3. 011 AMS specified mechanica l properties , Table 3. 011.
Columbium 3.50 4.50
Copper
Iron
- Balance
0.50 TABLE 3 011
Source AMS I AMS(2)
Allov S-590
I. OS Heat Treatmen t Fnrm Sh :c! strip~..i!l.i!..u;:_ Ra r;:;;:",;;;;.
1. 051 Solution treat. 2150 to 2250 F, 1 hr, air cool or water Condition 2130 to 2!70 F, AC 2180 to 2220 F, WQ +
quench, depending on section size. P90to 1410F,IO~~
1.0511 Soeet, strip and plate (AMS 5533 A) 2!30 to 2170 F, air F' , max - ksi i30
1

1.0512
cool
Bar and forgings (AMS 5770.8) 2180 to 2220 r, I hr mini-
c(:l' in), min-percen t
Hardness
25 -
mum, water quench. RB, max 105 -
1. 0513 High solution temperatu res result In lower t~nsilc BHN, min - 248
strength but higher creep rupture strength than low s<~lu
tlon temperatu res. Effects of solution treat and aging
max - 331
tem;>eratu res and cooling method on tensile properties
3. 012 Additional AMS requireme nts.
of bar, F lg. 1. 0513.
1. 052 Age. 1350 to 1500 F, 10 hr minimum, preferably 1375 to 3.0121 AMS 5770 A s;:>ecifies that rupture time at 1345 to !355 F.
1425 F, 16 hr. 30 ksl shall be !OJ hr minimum and eloagation In 40 at
l. 0521 Bar and forgings (AMS 5770 B) 1390 to 1410 F, 10 hr mini- 30 to 40 ksi shall be 8 percent minimum.
mum, air cool, (2). 3. 0122 AMS 5770 8 specifics that the grain size shall be an average
1. 0522 Higher aging temperatu res are recommen ded for stability of I or finer In accordanc e with thJ grain size chart In
at service temperatu res above 1400 F. ASTM E 19-46.
1. 053 Castings arc gcncmlly not heat treated.

1. 06 3. 02 M!'chan~~.!'.!.2.1!!><1lcs a.!_Roo!!!..!cmpcrat~ Sec 3. 03

Hard-onabillty. Alloy hardens fully in all section sizes
also.
when water quenched and aged.
3. 021 Hardness. Table 3. 021.
1.07 Forms and Condition s Available
1.071 All wrought forms except tubing arc available In the full T.Ail LE 3. 021
Source ...!_7,
ramrc o.l sizes common for stainless steel.. ~
Condition BHN
1.072 Shce<, strip, and bar are available In the solution treated Rr.
condition. Hot worked 241 to 285 25 ro 35
1.073 Bar and forgings are available In the solution treated or Soll1tion treated 197 to 229 17 to 25
aged conditions . Aged 269 to 341 24 to 36

CODE 1603
FeNC
FERROUS ALLOYS REVI"SED MARCH 1963

3.022 Impact strength of varlo"s conditions, Table 3. 022. 4.04 Heating and Heat Treating. Neutral or mildly oxidizing
atmospheres must be used. TI1e surface must be cleaned
Fe from cutting fluid.
20 Co TABLE 3.022
4. OS S~rface Treating. Alloy cannot be pickled in nonr.al
Source {7, p. 20
20 Cr Form
Condition
- commercial plckllng solutions. DuPont's sodium hydride
descallng works very well. Blasting with mild abrasives
20 Ni ST 2150 !' 2250 F may be used as an alternate cleaning method,

4 Cb Cooling AC WQ AC I WQ AC WQ AC I
WQ
Aging +1400F, lbhr 1400F,16hr
4
4
Mo
w
IE, Charpy V
Ft lb. 54 79.5 29.S 127.5' 52.5. 70.5 20 I 14

Fe-20Co-2ocr-20 NI-4Cb-4Mo
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperutures 3/4 IN BAR -4W
S-590 3.031 Short time tension properties Fro
3. 0311

3.032
Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of bar,
Fig. 3, 0311.
Short tl:ne properties other than t~nslon
Effect of test temperature on Impact strength of bar, Fig,
160
.----
~-~ ) - -
3.0321 )
3.0321. 120
3.033 Static stress concentration effects

~ FTY
3.04
3. 041
Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
Creep rupture curves for bar at 1000 to 1600 F, Fig. 3, 041.
80
3.042
3.043
Creep rupture curves for bar at 1200 to 1900 F, Fig. 3. 042.
Tollll strain and creep rupture curves !or bar at 1000 to
1500 F, F !g. 3. 043.
~--r
0----'>--' "1
.. ,?
3.044 Creep rupture curves for sheet at 1200 and 1500 F, Fig. AGED, 16 HR
3.044. 40
3. 045 Master curve for creep rupture or bar, Fig. 3. 045. ~}1400
0 F!WQ
AC
~}1450 F{WQ
3.05 Fatigue Properties. Tahie 3. OS. 0 rt} 1500P~ AC
TABLE 3 05
40

<r---c ---c
3
I Source 7. Jl, 13)
Bar
!i
IXl ,.,_
b
Form
2250 TO 2.100 F, W +1400 F, 16 hr ~ 20
Conditio --.l~
Temp Method A1t Suess Mean Stress,FFerksl ...
IXl
e
F Stress Concen- 6
at c:;c es
8
KSl tratlon 10 lC 10
0
1?.00 Direct t 15 Smooth 60 51 (40) 2150 2200 2250
ioad 4 K=1 SOLUTION TREAT TEMP - F
1350 9 X 10 40 31 l'lG. 1.0513 llFrECT OF SOLlTT'iON
(23) TREAT AND AGING
cycles
per hr TEMPERATURES AND
COOLING METHODS ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF liAR
3.06 Elastic Properties
(7, p. 2)
3.061 Modulus of elasticity at room and elevated tempcrarurcs,
Fig. 3. 061.
3,062 Modulus of rigidity at room and elevated temperatures,
Fig. 3.062,
3.063 Poisson's ratio, 0. 310, (7, p.l2).

4. FABRICATION

4, Oi Forming and Casting

4.011 General. Sheet can be formed by using stainless steel Fe-2ocr-2oco-20N iJ4Cb-4Mo-
~

v
I.
prncticcs. However, tllis n.-quircs more force anc' more

4. 012
intcrmt:dlatc anneals.
Forging. Starting temperature 2250 F maximum, finishing
ERMA~
Til
CONDUCTIVITY
temperature 2100 F mlr.imum. Frequent reheating w1U1

v
thorough soaking is recornmcndt:d because strain hardening L
occurs even at high temperatures, (7, p. 15).
4. 013 The casmbillty of the chromium sminless steels is inlerior
to that of the austenitic types.

4.02 Machining. This alloy is more difficult to machine than the

~ustcnltic stait~lcss steels nnd rl."QUircs slow
speeds, low feeds and positive cuts. (7, p. iS). (1 400 800 1200 1600
TEMP- F
4.03 ~~'!&Alloy can ht! wchtcd hJ tht~ c!c.:trlc arc, atoruk
hydrogen and reslsrancc ancthO'.is. RcstrJint :nust be FIG. 2. 013 TI!BRMAL CONDUCTIVITY
{7, p.4)
minimized to prevent cracktrg.
REVISED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

Fe-20Co- 0Cr-20Nlj4Cb-4.Mo-4 W FEl

b-4Mo-4W
10
MEAN CQEF LINE'AR 20 Co
THERMAL EXPA!'\SION
20 Cr
~
~ BO
20 Ni
v
........... v 60 4
4
Cb
Mo
I
40
4 w
--2150F, IHR,WQ FrOM RT TO TEMP
---+1400F,16H~ INO!CATfD
7
0 400 BOO 1200 1600 2000 S-590
TEMP-F

FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPA!':SION

(7, p.4)

10

Fe-20Co-20Cr-201'0i-4 C 4Mo-4W B
J - - - + - - - i - 1 / 2 1 N BAR 160
2250F, 1HR, W.Q 6
+1400F. 16HR RUPTURE
4
10 103
TIME- HR
iil
:.:
FIG. 3, 041 CREEP RUPTURE CURVES FOR BAR A'l'IOOO
_1201---.., 80 '
TO 1600F
Vl
:.: ~
u.. (7, p.ll)

40

400 900 1200 2000

TEMP-F
FIG. J.m11 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
TENSILE PilOPERTIES OF lli\R
(4, p. 101-103)

40 r---,---~- --...---r---~
Pc-20Co- 0Cr-20NI-4Cb-~Mo-4W
BAR
, WQ + 1400 P, 16 HR

IOL-----~---~----~---~---..J
0 400 BOO 1200 1600 2000
TEMP- F
FIG. 3. 0321 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON IMPACT
STRENGTH OF BAR
(7, p. 7)

conF" u::n~
FeNC
FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

Fe20Co20Cr::ZONt-4Cb-4Mo4W Fe-2ot:o-20Cr-20Ni4Cb-4Mo-4W
Fe I/21N BAR BAR
100 227S f' 1 ,.R 'W l~<n Tn .'Wl" ?n ,.A 100 1---+- 2250 F, WQ + AGED
20 Co
o-, .... 80 ~--~~~~~~~r-...-_~+~14~Q(~IF~,I~6~H~R
20 Cr 80

20
4
Ni
Cb
60 o- ......
e..;.-
1'---.
;: ~-:~ , 1----.
o-...._ --~
""' ~
t--
'-'
- TEST
TEMP
ltooo Fl--

.,_
- --~
40
4 Mo
.... I' ..__ ..... ~
~

4 w ..... R .
......... r--..o- ~-- ~.
'-.. ....
"' -
1500 F
.........
S-590
20
" ""' ........... ......... ''I

.,,
'C
.......... -~1600F
~
~-
10
~ 10

8
.' '
' 170~
.
4
.......
AGED
-- 1400 F, 20 HR
---
--
1500 F, 20 HR
RUP"fl1U!
)
o. 001
1350 F, 20 HR

0. 01 0.1
I
10
1900 F

100 1000
TIME- HR
FIG. 3.042 CREEP Rl'I'TURE CURVES FOR llAR AT 1200 TO 1900 F
(5, p. i23724)
-RUPTURE
- - 1\\i
[TOTAL
- - 0.51\ij~
6
100 1000 10, 000
TIME- HR
FIG. 3. 043 TOTAL STRAIN AND CREEP
RUPTURE CURVES FOR llAR
AT 1000 TO 1500 F
(7, p.8~)

tOO Fe-20Co2 Cr20N14Cb4Mo-4W

80 0. Oi>IIIN S~EET
2200F, 20 MIN, STEAMQ

lSL-----~L-----~----~~
I 10 100 1000
TIME llR
FIG. 3.014 CREEP RUPTURE CURVES FOR
SllEhl AT 1200 AND 1500 F

(K. p.l4)(9. p. 32)

I CODE 1603
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

100

80 '\. Fe-20Co-20Ct20N i 4Ch4Mo-4W

1/2 IN BAR -- Fe
60
\ 22i5 F. IHR, IYQ +1351l TO ~~~o,:~ 20 Co

40 \ 20
20
Cr
Ni

\
4 Cb
4 Mo
20 4 w

10 \ \
S-590

6 \
4
RUP11JRE
\
T, TEMP F

2
I, TIME HR.

I
\
40 -~o -so -100 -120
T/(LOGt 21)

f-IG. 3. 0~5 MASTER CURVE FOR CREEP RUP11JRE OF BAR

((J, p.29)

20
~o-----4-o~o-----s-o~o-----~z-o~o----~~-J6oo
TEMPF

FJG,.3.061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM REFEHENCES

AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
(7. p. 12) AMS 553:; A. (June 15, 1950)
AMS 5i70 B. (June I, 1951)
AMS 28!18 A, (june 15, 1952)
Stmmo;Js, Ward F., and Cross, Howard C., "Rcporl on
Fc-20Co-20Cr-20N i-4Cb:4Mo-4\Y lw ElcvatL>d-Tcmperaturc ?ropcrtics of Selected Supcr-
Snn)!th Alloys", ASTM STP No. !60, p. 101103, (Aug.
1954)
Grant, Ntcholas J. and Bucklin, Alhert G .. "On the Extra
iil po!atton of Short-Time StrcssRuJXurc Data", T.\SM, Vol.
:..: 42, p. 723-724, (1950)
~ 10 6 Man"on, S. S. and llaferd, A. M., "A Lmea r Time-Temp
cratun. Ht :at ion for Extrapolntion or Creep and Strcss-
Hup:urc Data", NACA TN 2890, p. 29, (March 1953)
Allc,:hcnyLudlum S:ecl Corp., 'Tc~hnical Data on Aile
0 400 BOO 1200 1600 ghcnyLu.Jlum Alloy S-~90", \1950)
TEMP- F PcrlmuttLr, I. and Rcctor, W. H., "ln\'cstigaUon of Sheet
Materials for Application at HlJ!h Tcm~raturcs'', AF TR
PIG. 3.062 MODLI~USOF RIGIDITY AT lOOM No. 5712, p. 14, (July I~. !948)
P~rlmuttcr, 1., ''Stress Ruptun Tests on S._,cct Alloy for
AND eLEVATED TEMPEHATURES
lligh Tconporalurc Applications", Af TH No. 6188, p. 32,
(7 .p. 12)
(July 19:;0)
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

1, GENERAL 2, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

This alloy ls an age hardeoab\e austenitic alloy lnsed on Fe
the 25Ni-15Cr comp~oition with a minimum of. additional
hardening elements, It ls used primarily for tulbine fo~;g 2, 01 Thermal Properties 25 Ni
lngs at tempemrures up to 1350 F, It is also avallaWe in 2.011 Meltlng.range. 2516 to 2673 F, (2, p. 3),
sheet, strip and wire !ann, 2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subject to precipitation. 14 Cr
2, 013 Thermal conductivity, Fig. 2, 013,
1.01 Commercial Designation, Olscaloy. 2.014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2, 014, 3 Mo
2.015 Spcclllc heat. 0. 113 Btu per (lbF).
1.7 Ti
1,02 ~.!.!:..,~te Designation>, Olscaloy 24 (obsolete),
2,02 Other Physical Properties
1.03 S;leclficati~ns, Table 1, 03, 2.021 Density, 0. 287 lb per cu ln. 7, 97 gr per cu em.
2.022 Electrical resistivity, Fig. 2. 022, DISCALOY
TABLE 1.03 2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic, PermeabUity
Form at 200 oerstL'<Is, 1.05, at 10,000 oersteds, 1.01, (2,p,4).
Bar, forgings, forging stock, and 2,()3 f~Pcoperti~
heading stock 2,031 Corrooion resistance. This alloy is lnsically an austen-
itic nickel chromium steel and possesses a corrosion re-
sistance compamhle to that of. these steels, It has excel-
1.04 Composition. Table 1, 04. lent resistance against all aunosp!teres encountered ln jet
engine appllcations up to 1300 F.
2.032 Oxidation resistance Is high up to 1800 F and eqwtls that
TABLE I 04 o! Type 310 stainless steel.
Snnr~P AMS I (2, p.2
P~rccnt Pcr..:cnt Nuclear Pcopertles
Min Mnx Min Max
Car,bon
Manganese
-
0.60
0.08
1.50
-
0.60
0.08
1.50
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Silicon 0.40 1.00 0.40 1.00 3, 01 Specified Mechanical Properties

Phosphorus
Sulfur
-
-
0.040
0.030
-- 0.040
0.030
3, 011 AMS specified mechanical properties, Table 3. 011.

Chromium 12.00 15.00 !2.0 15.0

Nickel 24.00 28.00 24.0 2a.O
Molybdenum 2.50 3.50 2.50 3. 50
Titanium 1.55 2.00 I. 45 2.0
Aluminum - 0.35 - 0.35
Copper
Boron
-
0.0010
0.50
0.0!0
-
-
0.50
- TABLE 3 011
' Source AMS I
Iron Balance Balance Allov Di olnu
Fonn Bat Forl!'inllS
ondltJ..Q_n A :ed
1,05
1,051
Heat Treatment
S<llutlon treat or anneal, 1650 to 2100 F, 1/2 to 5 hr,
ftu min -
ksi 130 125
Ffj, min - ksi 85 80
cool within 2 1/2 sec mnximum to 12CJ.) F maximum. Ef- e( D), min-percent 15 10
fect of solution treat tempemrure on tensile properties of RA, min-percent 18 12
aged Inc, Fig, 1, 051, Hardness
1.0511 Common pmctice for blrbine forgings, 1800 to 1850 F, 2 BHN, min 248 248
hr, o4 quench, max 321 321
1.0512 AMS 5733 B specifies 1750 ro 1900 F, I hr minimum, oil
or water quench.
1,052 Doub!e age sc1ution treated condition. 1250 to 1400 F,
5 to 30 hour, cool slowly v.ithin 5 hr minimum to 12il) F
maximum +1200 F, 20 !u minimum,
1,0521 Common pmctice for rurbine forgings, 1325 to 1375 F,
20 hr+1175 to 1225 F, 20 nr. The resulting hardness 3.012 Additional AMS 5733 B requirements. Rupture time for
s houid be 250 t< 300 BHN. combined smooth and notched test specimen at !197 to
I. 0522 AMS 5733 B specifies i250 to 1400 F, 5 hr minimum, cool 1203 F, 60 ksl shall be IS hr minimum, Elongation in 40
slowly within 5 he minimum to 1185 to 1215 F + 1185 to after ruprure In smooth section within 15 to 48 hr shall be
1215 F, 20 he min.imum. 5 percent minimum, within more than 48 hr, shall be 3
percent minimum. Alternatively, separate smooth and
1.06 Hardonabllity, Alloy fully hardens on slow cooling from notched specimen may be used.
solution treating tcmpomture, Quenching is ne<:essaty to
obtain soft condit:.on, 3,02 MeciLlnleal Properties at Room Tempemture, S.e 3, 03.
3,021 Hardness, TaWe 3, 021,
1.07 Forms and Conditions AvallaWe
1,071 Alloy Is avallaWe in U1e full commercial mnge or sizes
for stainless steels in form of sheet, strip, plate, lnr,
wire ani forgings. .
1.072 The various forms are avallaWe in the solution treated
condition,

1,08 Melting and Casting Pmctlce, Induction and consumaWe TARLE 3 021
electrode vacuum melts. Source 2, o.4
Condlt~o:1 Hardness. BHN
l, 09 ~eclal Considemtions As forged, AC 170 to 200
ST IB25to 1925 F, OQ 140 to 170
Full heat treatment 248 to 350

CODE IF:04
 FERROUS ALLOY S REVISE OMARC H 1963

3.03 ~.!!!!!!&.f!opert ie~!_Y~!.1:!~-Thi!J.P.!.!!~

Fe 3.031 Short time tension properties
dud high speed and stelllte cutting tools. Finish ma-
3. 0311 chining In the aged condition Is recommeud ed to obmln
Effect of test temperatur e on tensile properties of sheet,
25 Ni Fig. 3.0311.
a smoo:h finish.
3.0312
14 Cr Effe.::t of low temperatur e on tensile properties of alloy, 4.03 ~- Welding experience with this alloy Is very
Fig. 3. 0312.
limited. S.~eets
have been joined by both the Inert gas
3 Mo 3.032 Short time properties other than tension shlel<le~ arc method ond by resistance welding. Bu has
3.0321 Effect of test temperatur e on impact stren&rth of bar, fjg.
1.7 T i been flash butt welded to 4130 steel.
3.0321.
3.033 Static stress concentrati on effects 4.04 Heating and l!c:!!_t;_~~ Use noutml or slightly oxi-
dizing almos phere to prevent carburizlng .
3.04 ~ep an<!_g_!:!!p_R.!J!!!~Prop.;tU~
DISC A LOY 3.041 Creep and creep rup!llre curves for forgings at 1000 to 4.05 SJrface Treating
1350 F, Fig. 3.041.
3.042 Creep rupture curves for sheet at 1000 to 1500 F, Fig.
3.042.
3.043 Effect of hardness or titanium content on 100 hr rupture
strengtl and elongation of bar at 1200 F, Fig. 3. 043.
Fe-25NI-14 Cr-3Mo-l. 7TI

..
3.05 Fatigue Properties_ 160 1--- 7 1/2 IN SQ BAR _
3.051 Fatigue strength of disk forgings at room temperatur e to ST, 2 HR, WQ + 1350 F, 10 HR
1300 F, Table 3.051.

Source
Form
Condition
TABLE 3 051
(2, p.S)
Disk forgings a 3 In x 13 1/]. In D bl contoured
(a)l825F 2 hr_OQ+_!.: ed _(bl 1875 F 3 hr <X +A ~ted
140 ~ - FTU
+1200F, 40 Hf

-
Grain size Temp Method Suess Stress Fatigue Strength-ks l
ASTM# F
~!.!2... Concen-
tration
at Cycles
105 106 107 108
!2120 -
R
~
(a) 7 RT Rev co -1 Smooth 84 67
~
56 55
I (b) ~to 8 bend K=l - - - 45
100
-- b-
.----
(a) 7 1200 62 58 55 51
(b) 3 tO 8 - - -46 FTY :--.._
b)_ 3 to_8
(a) 7
1300 - - - " 80
RT Notched 70 43 41 41
Knot 40
12UO given 41 37 36 36
... .. RA

_I

-- I
3.052 Elfc~tof brain size on Cati 0uc strcngtlt of blr at room
temperature to !30J F, Table 3. 052.
e (21N)

TABLE 3 052 0
Source (2, p.'i) 0 RT 1600 1700 lhilO 1900 2000
Form 5 8 In Rolled bar SOLUTION TREAT TEMP - F
Condition STat different temperature s +Aged
Grain size ASTM # G.~l.5 3 15.517 Is llQ5 FIG. I. 051 EFFECT OF SOLUTION TREAT TEMPERAT URE
Temr Method Stress Stress Flllg.\'e Strength ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF AGED BAR
~~
F Conccn at lC" cycles ksl (2, p.9)
A R tradon
RT Rev co -1 Smooth 27 36 - - 45 48 65
1200 bend - - ~Q5 ~6.5 - so -
1;;oo
- - ~7.5 l5 - 1.5 -
Notched 16
Pc-25Ni -HCr-2. 3SMo 1. 95Tt

v
Knot
FULL liT --(2)
RT !liven - - - - 28 28 32.5 WORKED+ AGED ---(5)
u:-
1;: 12 /
3. 05
3. 06!
Jllas tic Properties
Mod.llus or elasticity at room anrJ elevated temperature s,
Pig. 3.061.
cY
Cl)

0::
::s
0:: ..,..,. /
v v

4. PABIUCATION
...
Ul
I
1;: I THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
;:, I
4.01 Forming and Casting 1-
4. 011 Forg1r.g. Starting temperatur e 2050 F maximum. finish "' I
ing temperatur e 1750 F minrmunl. Porgln~ up tu 2200 F
and down to 1600 F will not damage material. Forging
0
below 1800 F permls the retention of cold work which In
turn controls the recrystalliz ation during solution treat- 0 ~00 BOO 1200 1600
ment. It Is recommend ed that 15 to 25 percent reduction TEMP -I'
be applied before anncalmg or :oolutlon treating.
FIG. 2.01.1 THEI!MAL CONDUCTIVITY
4.02 ~~!..".!!!! All co.ulitlons car. b machlneJ us lng stan-
(2. p. 6)(5, p. 2)

CODE 1604
PAGE 2
 1 t;t'lv

REVISED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

\...J
11 Fc-l)~l-14C.:r-:JMu
Fe-25Ni-t4Cr-3Mo-l. 7Tl I. 7TI
FULL HT ~T;J"IS:JF, ~IJ. IH +lZ?ll', 21Jifll Fe
tl.
e 25 Ni
=
felO
U, 062 IN Sllci!T. ST JHUUF, Jill\, UQ
A U.1U5 IN Slfi!Eo, ST JH~SF, JIIR, OQ
14 Cr
ST
~
=
fe
MBANCOBF
LINEAR THERMAL
EXPANSION/
.---- FORGINGS,
J 1750 To 11U'JF, OQ
3 Mo
~9 1.7 Ti
? /
~
.-/ FROM kTTOTEMP +---1120-

8 (INDICATED ~ DISCALOY
0 400 800 1200 1600 j:
TEMP- F 120 ~'t"---+----t80 tl.

FIG. 2. 014 THERMAL EXPANSION

(2, p.3)
i2' 80
>-
f-o
ll.

40

(3)

0
o <2>
~ 40
tlJ
e
u
=
!fa
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000
TEMP - F

FIG, 3. 0311 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF SHEET
(2, p. 5)(3, p. 63, 61)

2~( l
F~-2;NoI~Cr-2. :5Mol. ~5Ti
WORK ED + AGED

200
l.* ---....,
~
"Tu

Jn(1
I
~
~
FTY
~ ,/
~44r---+-~A-~~--~ 120

=
u ,_
SE 'u::
~ 10 .. ..... _.,
RA
'"
c.. ~
.. ...
l
~~--~~--~----L---~ -4ll0 -Jor -200 -100 0 100
0 400 800 1200 1400
TEMP- F TEMP- F
FIG. 2. 022 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY FIG ..1.0312 EFFI!CT OF LOW TEMPEHATURE 0!\: TEI'SILE
P~OPEHTIES OF ALLOY
(2, pl) (~. p. I)

CODE 1604
FeNC
FERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

Fe
50
25 Ni 100 ~------~~~~4
14 Cr 80
3 Mo ~40
!-o 60
t<.
1.7 Ti
40
DISC ALOY
-400 0 400 800 1200
TBMP-F
FIG. 3.0321 EFFECT OF TllST TEMPERATURE 20
ON IMPACT STRENGTH OF BAH
(2, p. !)

10

6
RUPI'URB
4
10 100 1000
TIMB- HR
FIG. 3.042 CREEP RUPTURE CURVES FOR
SHEET AT 1000 TO 1500 F
(2, p. 8)

100 Pe-25Nl-l4Cr3Mol. 7TI

BAR
1950F, lHR, 0Q
+lJSOP, 20HR
BO
+1200F, 2UHR
SMOOTH
NOTCHED, K = 7
c
iij 60
Pc-2SNI-14Cr3Mo1. 7TI
FORGINGS
~----~-------+~~H
40

20

0
~
Ill
0
~ 10
re 0 0

0
--RUPTURE 200 240 280 320 360 400
---1 II) DIAMOND (VICKERS) HARDNESS
- - - O. 5 CREEP
10~------~------~------~
100 1000 1. 4
I. 5 1. 6 1. 8 2. 0 2. 2 2. 4
TIME- HR TIT.\NIUM COm"BNT, PERCENT
FIG. 3.041 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE FIG. 3.043 EFFECT OF HARDNESS OR TITANIUM CONTENT
CURVES FOR FORGINGS AT 1000 ON 100 HOUR RUPTURE STRENGTH AND ELONGA
TO 1350 F TION OF BAR AT 1200F
(2, p.6, 7) (4, p.56)
 FeNC
REVISED: MARCH 1963
FERROUS ALLOYS

Fe
28
.... Fe-25NI-14Cr-3Mo-\. 7TI
FORGINGS 25 Ni
" FULL HT

""
14 Cr
26
3 Mo

~
1.7 Ti

22
"" ~~ ~

~
DiSCALOY

20
0 200 400
600 800 1000 1200
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.051 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
TEMPERATURES
(2. p.h)

REFERENCES

I AMS 5733 B. Uan. 15, 1959)

2 Westinghouse Electric Corp., Technical Data 52261, (Nov.l957)
3 Simmoos, Ward F. and Cross, Howard C., "Report o" the Ele
vated Temperature Properties of Selected Super Strength Alloys";
ASTM STP No. 160, p. 61-68, (1954)
4 Hull, F. C., Hann, E. K. and Scott, H., "Effect o! a No~ch and
of HardnPSS on the Rupture Strength of Dlscaloy", ASTM STP
No. 128, p. 4958, Uan. 23, 1952)
5 Westinghouse Electric Corp., "Data Sl,eet", (1962)
 FeNC
R EVISED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL 3. 0212 Effect of tempering for.15 hr at various temperatures on

16-15-6 alloy was developed prlmarlly as a replacement room temperature tensile properties of bar, Fig. 3. 0212. Fe
for the 1625-6 alloy and Involves a composition of con- 3.0213 Eff~ct of quenching temperature on room temperature ten-
siderably less nickel. The lower nickel Is b.llanced by sUe properties of bar, Fig. 3. 0213. 16 Cr
additional manganese which allows an Increase In the nl
trogen content that can be retained by the metal during 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures 15 Ni
melting. The high nitrogen content assures a fully austen 3.031 Short time tension properties
!tic structure and adds to the high temperature properties. 3.0311 Effect of elevated temperature on tensile properties of bot
7.5 Mn
Fabrication, weldabillty and hardening of the alloy Is rolled and solution treated bar, Fig. 3. 0311. 6 Mo
greatly Improved over 16256. It was developed primari-
ly as a turbine wheel material, but Is suitable for blading 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties 0.35 N
In the later stages of high performance of axial flow com- 3.041 Creep rupture curves at 1200 to 1400 F for disc forging,
pressors and for missile applications. Fig. 3.041.
3.042 Rupture timet at temperature T and stressd given by re- 16-15-6
1. 01 Commercial. Designation. 16-15-6. lation log t = 9- 111.3 (T-750) (5.060 -log d )"0.650,
3.0421 Comparison of calculated creep rupture curves with ex-
1.02 Alternate Designation~ Formerly 16-256 M. perimental data' for bar at elevated temperatures, Fig.
3.0421.
1.03 Specifications. None.
3.05 Fatigue Properties
1.04
3.06 Elastic Properties
TABLE I 04 4. FABRICATION
ource Tlmken I
Pi!rcent 4. 01 For:nlng and Casting
Min Max 4. 011 Forging. Finishing temperature 2100 F, (2).
pub on . 0.07
hromlum 15.0 17.5 4. 02 Machining
~nganese 6.50 8.50
!Molybdenum 5.00 7.00 4. 03 Welding. Alloy has good welding cr.aracterlstlcs, (2, p. 2).
!Ntckel 14.0 17.0
~!IIcon . I. 00 4. 04 Heating and Heat Treating
!Nitrogen 0.30 0.40
!'llosphorus - 0.03 4. 05 Surface Treating
~ulfur - 0.03
Iron Balance

1.05 Heat Treatment. (Also see 3. 02).

1.051 Anneal. 1700 to 2300 F, (4).
1.052 Solution treat. 2125 to 2175 F, air coo!, water or oil
quench depending 011 section size. (4).
1.053 Cold work (about 20 percent reduction) and age bar up to
1 1/2 ln. 1200 to 1300 F, 2 to 8 hr. AMS 5725 specifies
1200 F, 2 hr minimum, (4).
1.054 Hot cold work (15 to 30 percent reduction) and age bar
and forgings at 1200 to 1500 F, 2 hr minimum, (4).
1.055 AMS 5727 and 5728 specify forging between 2000 an~ 1780 F,
and heating prior to hot cold work at 1225 to 1260 F, 4 to
6 hr and subsequent aging at 1200 to 1220 F, 4 to 10 hr In
&ill air, (4).

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Fel6Crl5N17. 5Mn-6Mo
1 IN IIR BAR
2.01 Thermal Properties 160
2.011 Mel tlng range
)---
2.012 Phase changes
2.013 Thermal conductivity FlU
2.014 Thermal expansion lil120
2.015 Specific heat :.:

2.02
2.021
2.022
2.023
Other Physical Properties
Density
Electrical properties
Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic, (1) (2).
30
)....-

- - - 100 HR} TEMPERED

- - 15HR
PTY
-
2.03 Chemical Properties
2.031 Corrosion resistance :>:::--..
2.032 Oxidation resistance AARA .. b..

3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
e Oe (2IIN) ~ ~
1100 1200 1300 1400
3.01 Specified Mechanlca_l_!!~pertles
TEMPBRING TEMP F
3.02 ~~!~pertie'!.!!_.!!_<?_om
FIG. 3.0211 EFFECT OF TEMPERING TEMPER-
Temperature
3.021 Tension properties ATURE ON ROOM TEMPERAlURE
3.021l Effect or tempering temperature 011 room temperature ten TENSILE STRENGTH OF BAR ( )
1
slle strength or bar, Fig. 3.0211.

COD!=:
 FE RR OU S ALLOYS
RE VI SED MA RC H 19
63

Fe 160 e-l6Cr1~
' I
~l-7.~~-~
16 Cr 4 -
100~--
--~--~
--
Fe-1 6Cr -15N-- ~--~
l-7. 5Mo6Mo~
15 Ni 120 liN BAR
H R
7.5 Mn FTU
~~----~~--+-
0 2100 F, WQ
----~--~
...
6 ~
Mo ~.-- ~
~ 80
0.35 N
;>-- ~ --o.~
"Tl '
16-15-6 40
TEMPERED 15 HR
eHR
0 021 po r, WQ
80
~~,.,

0 ~h... ~A
IV""' .~
-.....;;
~
c(2 Ir
0 A
AS I 200 1400 1600
ROLLED
TEMPERING TEM P - F
FIG. 3.02 12 EFF ECT ~
OF TEMPERING FOR
15 HR AT VARIOUS TEM
PER A f ~~--~~~~--
TURES ON ROOM TEM
PER A -~ ~~
TURE TEN SIL E PiWPER
TJES
OF BAR
(2, p.2, 3)
0~
1000--~-----L-
1200 1400 --1600
-~--~
1800
TEM P- F
FIG. 3.03 11 BFF BC TO
F ELE VAT ED TEM J'SR
ATURB ON TENSILB l'RO
PSRTIBS
OF HOT ROL LED AND
OOLUTION
TRE ATE D BAR
(1)

Fe- J6C r-15 NI- 7. 5Mn-6M

o
llN BAR

Fe-
1-' :... 0.- --1 --- --- --, 16C r-15 Nl- ,5M n-6M o
r-- FORGINGS
TEMPBRBD 1200 F

1200 F
OL-~~--~~-
AS 1000 -~~--~
200 0 2200
ROLLBD QUENCHING
TBM P - F
FIG. 3.02 13 EFF ECT OF QUENCHING
TEMPERA TURB ON ROO
M
TEMPERA T URB TEN SIL
E
PROPBRTIBS OF BAR
FIG. 3.041 CREEP RUPTURE CUR
(2, p.2) VES AT 1200 TO 1400
FOR DISC FORGING F
(2, p. 3)

CODE 16051
 FeNC
REVISE DMARC H 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

'.,
Fe
16 Cr
15 Ni
7.5 Mn
6 Mo
0.35 N

16-15-6

:
1 ~' 5 ~:}EXPERIMENTAL
20 KSI
o 30 KSI POINTS
0 1 A 40 KSI - - - t - - - - - t - - - 1
Cl 60 KSI I -0 650
-CALCUL ATED FROM:
O.OI LOGt=9-lii .3(T-750)(5 ,060-LOG6 ) .
800 1200 lbOO 200U 2400
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0421 COMPARISON OF CALCULATED
CREEP RUPI'URE CURVES WITII
EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR BAR
AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
(3, p. 708)

REFERENC ES

Tlmken Roller Bearing Co., "Pro~rtles of 16-15-6",

D>ta Sheets, (1958)
Fleischman n, M., Timken Roller Bearing Co., "16-15-6
Alloy Fiiis a Need", Reprint J. Steel, (March 25, 1957)
Manson, S. s. and Brown, W. F., Jr., "Time-Tem~ra
ture-Stress Relations lor the Correlation and Extrapola-
tlon of Stress-Rup ture Dlta", Pro=. ASTM, Vol. 53,
(1953)
4 "Air Weapons Materl.ais Application Handbook, Metals
and Alloys", ARDC TR 59-66 (1959~
 r et'l"'
REVISEDMARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

2. 01 Thermal Properties
I. GENERAL
This steel is an austenitic smlnless steel with increased 2.0ll Melting range. 2550 to 2650 F, (10, p. 57). Incipient Fe
nickel content and additional molybdenum. It combines melting begins at 2350 F. 25 Ni
high strength at temperatures up to 1350 F with good corro- 2,0!2 Phase changes~ Alloy is subject to precipitation and forma
sion resistance. Improved strength at elevated tempera- tlon of sigma phase, IG Cr
tures is olltalned by a controlled amount of strain harden- 2,013 Thermal conductivity. Room temperature, 9 Btu ft per
ing by cold work or, In the case of forgings, by ''hot cold (hr sq ft F). 1100 F, 15 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F). G Mo
work" at 1200 to 1500 F. The alloy is primarily a forging 2.014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2.014, (5)(10, p.5i).
alloy. 2.015 Specific heat. 0. 105 Btu per (lb F), (5).
16-25-6
1.01 Commercial Designation. 16-25-6. 2.02 Other Physical Properties
2.021 Density. 0. 291 lb per cu ln. 8. 07 gr per cu em, (5).
1.1)2 Alternate Designations. Timken 16-25-6, 16-25-6 Alloy. 2.022 Blectrical resistivity
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic. Permeability,
I. 03 Specifications. Table I. 03. Table 2. 023.
TABLE 2.023
TABLE I 03 Condition Matmetic permeability_at 20 oersteds
Mllltarv Hot worked 1.0050
AMS Form 1.0045
HW+age
5725 A Bar("!!!::!. 5 In) (Aged) 1. 013
ST
5727 B Forgings I. 004 to I. 025
ST+age
5728 A Forgings, ingots

2. 03 Chemical Properties
I. 04 2.031 Corrosion resistance
2, 0311 General corrosion resistance is similar In most respects
TABLE I 04 to that of 18-8 steels. Alloy is cxccptloolally resistant to
Source AMS I AMS 2113 10 the attack of sulfuric acid and salt water.
Percent Percent Percent 2,03i2 Intcrgranular corrosion may occur especially after solu-
Min Max Min Max Min Max tion treating and subsequent exposure to temperatures
Carbon
Manganese
-
.
0.12
2.00
-- 0.08
2.00
-
-
0.12
2.00 2,032
above 1100 F.
Oxidation resistance is high up to !350 F. Above 1400 F
oxidation of molytxlenum occurs and it may become catas
Silicon - 1.00 - 1.00 - 1.00
Phosphorus - 0.040 -
-
0.030 -- -
-
trophic under certain oxidizing conditions. Stagnant air
should be avoided and a rapid gns flow which prevents de-
Sulfur
Chromium
- 0.030
!5.00 17.50
0.030
15.00 17.50 15.00 17.50 position of oxides is favorable.
Nickel 24.00 27.00 24.00 27.00 24.00 27.00
5.50 7.00 5.50 7.00 2, 04 Nuclear Properties
Molybdenum 5.50 7.00
Nitrogen o. 10 0.20 0.10 0.20 0.10 0. 20
Copper - 0.50 - 0.50 - - 3, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Iron Balance Balance Balance
3, 01 Specified Mechanical Properties
3, 011 AMS specified mechanical properties, Table 3, 011.
I, 05 Heat Treatment
1.051 Anneal. 1700 to 2300 F.
1.052 Solution treat. 2!25 to 2!75 F, air cool, water or oil
quench depending on section size.
1.053 Cold work (about 20 percent reduction) and age bar up to
1 1/2 ln. 1200 to 1300 F, 2 to 8hr. AMS 5725 A sp~clfles TABLE 3 Oil
Source AMS I AMS 2/(3
1200 F, 2 hr minimum, (1).
IAllov 16-25-6
1.054 Hot cold work (IS to 30 percent reduction) and age bar and
Form Bar Forldn.tlB
forgings at 1200 to !500 F, 2 hr minimum.
1.055 AMS 5727 Band 5728 A specify forging between 2000 and condition CW+1200F, 2hr, HCW+l210F, 4to
1780 F, and heating prior to hot cold work at 1225 to 1260 F, AC 10 hr., stlli AC
4 to 6 hr and subsequent aging at 1200 to 1220 F, 4 to 10 hr
in stlll air, (2)(3).
Thickness - In
~tu min -ksl
~1.5
12Q
-
100
FIX, mln -ksi 1{);1 80
1.06 Hardenabllity. This alloy is used primarily in a strain e( D), min-percent ]8 10
hardened condition. It is also subject to precipitations, but RA, min -percent 35 15
these, as In other austenitic steels, reduce the ductility. Hardness
BHN, mln 248 235
I. 07 Forms and Conditions Available max 321 293
I, 071 This alloy Is a va!lable In form of bar or forgings.
1.072 Forgings and bar are available In the solution treated and
In the hot cold worked conditions.
1.073 (!.lr is also available In the solution treated, cold worked
and stress relieved condition.
3.012 Adultional AMS 5727 B and 5728 A requirements. Rupture
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice. Electric furnace o ir melt. tlmc at 1195 to 1205 F, 40 ksl shall be 100 hr minimum and
elongation In 40 at 40 to 45 ksl shall be 5 percent minimum
1.09 Special Consi<leranons. Avoid heating alloy t> high tem- 3,02 Mechanical PrCJperties at Room Temperature, See 3, 03
peratures In stagnant oxidizing atmospheres, oor.ausc of also,
molybdenum reactions. 3, 021 Effect of test direction on tens lie properties of bar, F lg.
3.021.
3.022 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature with and with-
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES out load on tensile properties of bar, Table 3, 022.

CODE 160G
 FERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

TABLE 3.022 4. F ABRlCATION. Thls alloy Is essentially an austenlti..

Fe Source 4 stainless steel contalnlng molybdenum and Its fabrication,
Form Bar therefore, Is In many respects slmllax to that of Type 316
25 Ni HCW (1550 F) 15 to 21J,l and other steels of the 18-8 type.
Condition ST
16 Cr +1275F, 6hr
4. 01 Forming r.nd Casting
Bxposure at Room temperature properties after exposurE 4. 011 For tltls alloy the general forging procedure should be
6 Mo Temp Load Time Ftu Fey e(21n)l ~ ~tu ~tY e(2in~ RA distinguished from the specific hot cold working technique
p ks! hr ksl lail percent ksl lest percent
which alms at establishing Improved properties.
RT 0 - 108.8 51 46 64..8 143.3 2L 17
--
34. 4. 012 General forging practice uses a starting temperature of
16-25-6 1100 20
1200 12.5
1015
1075
1200 12.5 12,358
117.5
127.5
137.2
59
65
74
27
14
14
---
33.4
18
17
-
-- -
--- 2100 F maximum and a flnlsh.lng temperature of 1775 F
minimum. AMS 5727 A and 5728 B specify preforging

1200 20 11,260 - - - - - 137,5 98. 8

-
12
between 2000 and 1780 F rnlnlmum. Hot cold forging, 15

--
to 30 percent, improves high temperatcre properties.

--
1300 10 1080 133 68.5 13 17
1300 10 12,373
1300 12.5 11,873
112.5 66
- -
4.5 4.5
- - -
- 131.4 100
-
10 17
4. 01.... Hot cold forging can be performed at temperatures rang-
Ing from 1200 to 1500 F, preferably between 1200 and 1300 F.
1500 4.5 9B5 112.8 50.5 29 33.4 - - - AMS 5727 A and 5728 B specify heating for 4 to 6 hr at
!225 to 1260 F prior to hot cold forging.

3,023 Bffect of exposure to elevated temperatures on Impact 4.02 Machining. Th.ls alloy machines In a manner slmllax to
strength of bar, Fig. 3. 023. that of austenitic stalnless steels, see Type 304.

3.03 Mechanical Properties at Vaxious Temperatures 4.03 ~ This alloy possesses good fuoion and resistance
3.031 Short time tension properties weldabillty, (10, p. 57).
3.0311 Bffect of test temperature on tensile properties of solution
treated bar, Fig. 3. 031L 4.04 Heating and Heat Treating is similar to that of austenitic
3. 0312 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of sheet stainless steels, see Type 316.
and bar In various conditions, Fig, 3. OSJ2.
3.03!3 Tensile properties of bar and forgings in various condi- 4.05 Sur!:lce Treating. Dcscallng is preferably performed by
tions at RT and 1200 F, Table 3.03!3. mechanical methods, such as sand blasting. Molten alkali
TABLE303!3 baths axe also effective.
Source 110 --;;:s8
Allov Fe-2SNI-!6Cu-6Mo
Form Bars For.,ln"s
Condition Ann cw Hew
Test Tenm-F RT 1200 RT 1200 RT 200 14
Ftu' ksl !20 82.5 !38 95.5 !62 !06.5
Fty. -ksl 58 36 Ill. 5 76 143.5 93 11.
e(21n)-percert 39.5 21.5 19 21 a:
!5.5 13.5 1>1
12
RA -percert 5!.0
Hardness
20 36 36 34 28 "'
!:
BHN 207 - 279 - 326 - a:
1>1
2!00 F, I hr, AC "'
!: 10
Forged 2100 F, reduced 25% at 1700 F finish temperature,
stress relief I 200 F. '?
Hot rolled bar, reduced 23% at 1200 F, mrcss relief !200 F.
s
3.032 Short time properties other than tension
3. 0321 Bf!ect of exposure and test tempcralllre on Impact strength
of bar, FIg. 3, 032L

3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties

FIG. 2. 014 THERMAL EXPANSION
3, 041 Total strain curves for bar at 1200 to 1400 F, FIg. 3, 041.
3.042 Creep rupture curves for bar and forgings at !200 and (5, p. 86XIO, p. 58)
!350 F, Fig. 3. 042.
3.043 Creep rupture curves for bar and forgings at 1000 to
1500 F, Fig. 3.043.
3.044 Master curve for creep rupture or bar and forgings, Fig.
3.044. 160
3.045 Creep rupture curves for smooth and notched bar at ~-
fe-;~-~~fto
3.046

3.05
3.051
1200 F, Fig. 3. 045.
Shear rupture curves for hot cold worked forgings at
1200 F, Fig. 3.046.
Fatigue Properties
Stress range diagram for Sli)OOth and notched bar at 1200 F,
Fig. 3.051.
120 - - Fro
-
HCW 00 F), 22%
+12~F. 4HR

--
- -
FTY
3,052 A small amowlt o( stretching at room temperature or creep
slightly reduces the fatigue strength of smooth specimens
at 1200 F. Stretching of notched bars at elevated tempera-
tures raises the fatigue strength, while compressing them
- e
- -
reduces the fatigue strength. (WADC TR 58-214).
0 20 oiO 60 80 100
3.06 Elastic Properties ANGLB TO AXIS - DBG
3.061 Modulus of elasticity at room and elevated temperatures,
Fig. 3.061. FIG. 3. 021 EFFECT OF TEST DIRBCTION ON TENSILE
3.062 Modulus of rigidity, ll, 000 ksl. PROPBRTIES OF BAR (7 , p. )
3.063 Poisson's ratio, 0. 286. 24

CODE 1606
 FeNC
REV I SED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

r-----~-----r----~------T-~--~180
e-25NI-l
'f' 1 IN BAR, HCW (1500 F)+ 1250 F, 4 HR
r-6Mo Fe
I IN BAR, HCW + 1275 F, 6 HR
I IN BAR, 2150 F +20 % CW + 1250 F, 4 HR 140
25 Ni
BAR, 22% CW + 1200 F, 4 HR 16 Cr
0 0. 062 IN SHEET, 1950 F + CW
6 Mo

16-25-6
120

TBSTBD A.T RT
BXPOSURB -+-\..--4---180 ~
ll!R. Ito
0 ~::0..::0::....::.:1000::::::.,:400~---::-~-~~----:-~
800 1200 1600
TBMP -P ~ 80
'
PIG. 3. 023 EFFECT OF BXPOOURB TO ELB-
VA.TBD TEMPERATURES ON IMPACT
STRBNGTII OF BAR (4, p. 86) 60

40
e.&.o <a>

20
(5)

40
Pe-25Nl-16Cr-6Mo
1 IN BAR
2150 F, WQ ~
~ 0
~ 40
le
80
0
0 400 800 1200 2000
TEMP- P
60
Piu. 3. 0312 EPPECT OP TEST TBMPBRATURB ON TBNSILB
~ PROPERTIES OP SHEET AND BAR IN VARIOUS
CONDmONS (5, p. 86)(8, p. 43 84)
40

Pe-25NI-16Cr-6Mo
1-----+-----+-1 IN BAR'-----!
20 2150 P, WQ

0 80
1-o
z "'..:I 401-----1----1--\---+---1~-l
40
"'ffl
u ...
Ito

80 30
"'

~ e
EXPOSURE
IHR
~40 0 IOOOHR
le OL----~--~--~--_J
0 800 1200 1600
0 TBMP -P
0 400 1600 2000
PIG. 3. 0321 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TBST
TBMPERATURE ON IMPACT STRENGTII
PIG. 3. 0311 EFFECT OF TEST TBMPBRATURE ON TBNSILB OF BAR (4, p. 86)
PROPERTIES OP SOLUTION TRBATBD BAR
(5, p. 88)(8, p. 43-54)
 FERROUS ALL OYS REV I SED MARCH 1963

Fe
Pe-25N I-16Cr- 6Mo
25 Ni liN BAR
1 oor-------+-------4-~2~1~~P~W~--~
16 Cr
8or------r--==9F~=-===r--~
6 Mo

16-2 5-6

81--------r-------~~
~~~~
6
60r-~~--r-------~---
-~~~

~~oo~--~1~~~--~1~o.~~~1~o=o----~1~~----~1o~.o~oo
TIME -HR
PIG. 3. 041 TOTAL STRAIN CURVES FOR BAR
AT 1200 TO
1400 F
(5, p.88)

10
8 ~10~-
----100~~~--1~~-----1-0~.~~__j

TIME - HR
FIG. 3. 042 CREEP RUPru RB CURVES FCR BAR AND
FCRCING:l AT 1~ TO 1500 F
(5, p. 88)(10, p. 3537)( 11, p. 57)

!00
80

1200 F
60

40
1350 F
v;
:.:

RUPru RE
20 0 T, TEMP F
RUYI"URE t, TIME HR
e ANN 2!00 F, I HR, AC
HW 2100 F, RED 25%
AT 1700 F + 1200 F
IU 0 HCW RED 23'X,AT 1200 F+ 1200 F
I 10 100 1000
6
TIME HR ~28~----~3~2~----~3~6------~~~-----
-~~~--~~
FIG. 3.042 CREEP RUYI"UR!l CURVES FOR
!JAR
(T + 460) (20 + LOG t ) x 10-3
AND FORGINGS AT 1200 AND !350F FIG. 3. 043 MASTER CUR VB FOR CREEP RUI'T\JRE OF
(10, p.58) BAR AND
FCRGINGS
(6, Fig. II)

CODE 1606
PAGE 4
 FeNC
REVISE D MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

'\,.-/

Fe
28
1950 F, 25 Ni
IG Cr
12
100 1-----1-- oU G Mo

80 1--j.,::O- ....ll--

IG- 25-G
400 800 1200 1600

'X.601------r.:-:~--t
TEMP- F
40

I~~
FIG. 3, 061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM
RUPTURE AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
(4, p.l27)

20 1~------~10~----~1~00~----~1000~
TIME- HR

PIG 3. 044 CREEP RUM"URE CURVBS FOR

SMOarH AND NOTCHED BAR AT
1200F (12, p.55, 89, ISO)

60 1------- -t------ --+-- Fe-25NI-16

BAR
Cr-6Mo

HCW

TENSION

RUM"URE 1200 F

10 100 1000 10,000

TIME - HR
FIG. 3.045 SHEAR RUM"URE CURVES FOR HOT COLD
WORKED FORGINGS AT 1200 F
(9, p. 25-40) REFERENC ES

l AMS 5725 A, (Feb. 15, 1952)

2 AMS 5727 B, (July l, 1956)
3 AMS 5728 A, (July I, 1956)
Tun ken Roller lleanng Co., Steel and Tube Division,
"Digest of Steels for High Temperatu re Service", Ssxth
Edition, p. 85-88, (1957)
Tim ken Holler Bcarsng Co., "Digest of Steels", p. 88,
(1958)
6 Fleischmann, M., "Recent Developments in the Usc of the
12 16-25-6 Alloy'", Tlmken Roller Bearing Co., Iron Age,
Fig. 11, (Nov. 20, 1952)
~ 40 7 Brown, W. F., Jr., Schwartzba rt, U. and jones, M. H.,
"Tcmnlc-F racturing Characteri stics of Several Alloys as
"'0 Influenced by Orientation in Respect to Forgmg Direction",
~20~---+--~~_,~~~ NACA RM E 50 L28, p. 22, (Feb. 12, 1951)
Simmons, Ward F. and Cross, Howard C., "Report on

I ~--4~~~~----~~ 9
Eletcd Temperatu re Properties of Selected Super Strength
Alloys'", ASTM STP No. 160, p. 43-54, (Aug. 1954)
Meyer, Andre]., Jr., Kaufman, Albert and Caywood, W.
C., "Investigati on nf Mechanical Fastenings for Soltd
Turbine Blades Made from Ductile Materials'", p. 25-40,
(Aug. 2, 1954)
10 The Carpenter Steel Co., "Carpenter High Tempcrntu rc
Alloys'", p. 57-60, (Jan. 1962)
II Voorhees. Howard R. and Freeman. james W., "Notch
100 Sensitivity of Heat-Resis tant Alloys at Elc\'3lt.'Ci Tempera-
MEAN STRESS KSI tures, WADC TR 54-li5, Pt. I. p. 57, (Aug. 1954)
12 Vltovcc, F. H. and Lazan, B. ] .. ""Fatigue, Creep, and
PIG. 3. 051 STRESS RANGE DIAGRAMS FOR SMOarH Rupture Properties of Heat H~sistant Mntcnnls" , WAOC
AND NOTCHED BAR AT 1200 F TR 56-181, p. 55, 89, 180, (Aug. 1956)
(12, p.IBO)
 feNC
REVISED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

l. GENERAL to nickel base alloys in sulfur containing atmosphere and

Thb non-heat treatable nickel-chromium iron ba:;c alloy mo!ten cvnnic.Jc snits. Alloy is inrerior to Jnconel in re Fe
h... :; a nick~l content b.:twucn tll:.!t u! :.:ustc.:nlti.c stalnll!:l~ slstance to nltridlog atmospheres, balogen gase,; and mol-
steels and that of nlclcel bl&e :hromlum contalnlng alloys. ten cus tlc.( I, p. 7). 34 Ni
Its properties are lntennedlate b>tween these two typos of
alloys. The alloy possesses good oxidation resistance and 20 Cr
strength propertie,; nt tempe:atures up to 1800 1'. It Is n- 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
vallnble In all Wto.1ght forms. l'onnlng and welding char-
acteristics of lncoloy are good. 3.01
INCOLOY
l.Ol Commercial Designation. lncoloy. 3.02 M~hanlcal Properties at Room Temperature. 5-..e 3. OJ also.
3,021 'rypical mecnnical properties, 'Iable 3. 021,
1.02 Alternate Delgnatlons. Nona. TABLE 3 021'
Source 3, p.2)
1,03 S?:cillca~. None. Sheet, Sheet, Plate,
Form srrip tublnsz: Strio Plate Bar Wlr~ bor
l. 04 Compo,;itlon. Table 1. 04. Deep
Draw
Condition Qual Ann HR
Source
TABLE 1 04
(3. p.2) Ptu - ksl 75 to 75 to
lOO 100
75to
100
75 to
lOS
75to
100
75 to
105
80 to
120
Percent
Min Max
F,.y - ksi 30 to 30 to 30to 30 to 30 to 25 to 35 to
45 55 so 55 55 55 90
Carbon - 0.10 e(2 ln}-pe r cent 55 to 50 to 50 to SO to 50 to 50 to SO to
Manganese
SUlfur
-- I. so
0,030 Hardness.
35 50 30 30 30 25 25

Silicon
Cnpper
-- I. 00
0.50
BHN (3000Kg) - - - 120 to 120 II
180 170
- -
Nickel +Cobalt
Chromium
30.0
19.0
34,0
22.0
RB 80max 88max 84max - 66 to
86
- I35to
220
Iron Balance

l,OS Heat Trc3tmen: 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Vario~s Temperatures

AiiiiOal."'T!iiiUto 2150 F, 2 to 5 mln, mte of cooling has 3.031 Slott time tension properties
1.051
no effect on properties 3,0311 Bffect o! test tempemture on tensile proporties of bn, Flg.
1,052 An"le.ll to co:use grain condition. 2050 F, 2 hr. 111ls ma- 3. 0311.
3,032 S~on time properties other thn tension
terial has superior creep strength, ( 1, p. 6).

1.05 Hardenabllity. Can b! hardened only by cold work. 3,04 Creep nd Creap Rupture Properties
3.041 Stress lor I and 5 p>rcent total strain at 1400 to l80J 1',
1,07 Forms ano Condidons Avc1LlaWc Table 3. 041.
1.071 Alloy Is available In the full commerclal range of sizes for
sheet, strip, plate, bu, wire :rnd tubing. TABLE3 041
1,072 All forms arc avaUable ln the annealed conditlon. Bu is SC"'LI[C{' 2)
(1, p,
also ovnllnble In the hot worked condition, and sheet, strip Form BAR
and.wlre In celd worked conditions. S.~eet and strip ore also Cnndlton Ann 2050 I' 2 hr ,.,.,
available In extra soft, deep drawing .md splnnlng quallt~. Tota\ srtulnperccnt Stress - kj' at Temp - F

l,OB Melting Wld Casting P<actlce, Electric furnace air melt,

1400 IMO I IRM

1.09 S?eclal Corulderations. At 1800 F, th> scollng resistance

of lncoloy Is comparable to that of the high nlckcl alloys
"
I 5
6 I 1.8
1. 9 I 0.4
0.65

such as Inconel and Nimonic 75. ( 1. p. h)(:!, p. h).

3.042 Creep rupture curves for bu at 1400 to 200~ P, Flg. 3. 042.

3.05 Fatigue Propertie

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
3.051 Room tem;l'!rature fatigue proporties of tnr. Table 3, 051.
2,01 Thermal Properties
2.011 Melting range. Bso to 2600 F.
2.012 Pnase changes. None.
2.013 Thermal conductivity. 7.1 B~ ft per (hr sq ft F). TARI" > 0~

2,014 Thermal exponslon, Fig. 2. 014. 501. ~cc (5,p.3)

2.015 S?oclfic heot, 0.12 B\u per (lb 1'). Form - ... r
Cond Mt>thod Srress .Stress FatiKUe Strength-ksi
2,02 Oth" Physical Proponles Ratlo Cone en I at Cycles
2.021 Density. 0. 24 lb per sq '" 8. 02 gr per cu em, (4, p.l4) tratlon rn5 rn6 tn7 108
A R
52 51
11W Roo
heam
"" -J SmoothK 1
Sl~(.s
43.5 8.5to 34.Sto 31 to
2.03 Ch::!!'_lc.U PtO!!rties Ann
2,031 Corrosion resistance. Alloy possesses high corrooion e- 39.5 35.5 32
slstance under oxldlztng conditions, such as agc1Lnst nitric CD 65 48.5 36.5 33
acid, mixtures of nitric and sulfuric acids, solutions con-
taining peroxides, chromntes and cupric or ferric sulfates.
Go~:! corrosion resistance against ma'ny organic acids, and
neutral and aJ knllne s olutlons The ~orroaion resIstance 3.0~ Blns tic Properties
is lim !ted under reduolng conditions. 3,061 Mo:iulus or c.lastlClty at room and clcvated tcmperawres,
2,032 Oxld>tlon resistance. Ap~roachlog that of nickel blSe Fig. 3, 0!>1,
chromium co.1talnlng alloys on lntermlnent heating up to 3.0~2 P"osson's Rao io. 0. 29, (.f, p.l4)
1800 F anJ gqlost fused neutral salts. Alloy is superior

CODE 1607
 FE;RROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

4. FABRICATION
Fe- 4 N!-20Cr JOO
Fe 4.01 Forming and Casting BAR
34 Ni 4.011 Forging. Srarting tempemtur e 2200 F maximum. Heavy
work can b: done between 2200 and 1850 F, nnd normal
20 Cr forglng ope~atlons are usually stmed !rom 2150 F. Light 80
forging can~ done down to 1600 F. The alloy should not
6e worke.:l btween 1600 F and 1200 F. It Is recomm~nded
that forgings with nonunl!orm cross se::tlons be cooled In
INCOLOY air, The mte of cooling has no effect on the baldness.
HR 0

(CO) MILL ANN
4.02 M!!;:_!l~. The alloy Is machined most readily In the an-
nealed condition with hot rolled, cold rolled and forged rna-
A
(CD) ANN 2050 F, 2 HR
tedal exhibiting the next best machlnabU!ty, Since con- 801-- -,.__ _ , 40
s!demble heat ls genemted, high speed steel, cast non-
ferrous or carbide tools with positive rake angles sho.Ud b:
u.;ed. Sulfur base oil may b: used as lubrtcanth utshould
bo remove.:! complerely IJ.:!orc the part Is expose.:! to ele- 20
vared remperatu rcs.

4.03 Welding. Fuston welding by the metal arc method using

loco Wcld "A" electrodes ls the preferred methoJ, lnert
gas tungsten arc welding of sheet up to 1/8 In thlckness
without filler wlre can be successful ly done provided that
the sheets are closely bJtted and se;:urely clamped togeth-
er.

4.04 Heating and Heat Treating

4.041 The !umace atmosp~ere should lx: sllghtly reduclng with
approxima tely 2 percent of carbon monoxide, Gas should
not contain more than 30 grains of sulfur per 100 ou ft of
gas. Oil should not contain more than 0,5 percent sulfur.
The metal must~ cleaned of all oil, grease, paint and
shopsoll before subjecting It to elevated temperatur es,
4.042 Bdght annealing requires a dry reducing atmosph.r e having
a mlnlmum dew point of m!nJs 60 F. Tha alloy must~
cooled In this atmospher e to accomplis h bright annealing,

4.05 ~..=e Treating. Unless bright annealed, the alloy

will
b! covered with a tenaclou& oxlde. The ;,xlde color is
dark when anneale.:l In a slightly oxd!zlng atmosp!lere, or OL---~~--~--~~--~
0 400 800 1200 1600
greenish when annealed In a pardally reducing atmosp!Jere.
Jl.>th the dark and the greenlsh oxide c:m ba removed by TEMP- F
pickling. FIG. 3.0311 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF BAR
(S,p.2)
Fe-34N -20Cr
BAR

~
a:
~9r-----~-,~~F-----~-----+----~
u

ROO !.200 1600 2000

TEMP- F

FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION

FIG. 3,042 CREEP RUP1URE CURVES POR BAR AT 1400 TO
(I, p. 4)(4, p.l4)
2000 F (I. p, 2)

CODE 1607
PAGE 2
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

Fe-l4Nl-20Cr Fe
2R .....
.......... 34 Ni

"' " "'

20 Cr
l2 24 .........

E INCOLOY
20

0 400 ROO 1200

TEMP F

FIG. 3.061 MODUUJS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM AND

ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (4, p.14)
"
1600 2000

REFERENCES

The ln!ernatlonal Nickel Co., Inc., ""Progress Report on lncoloy,'"

(Oct. 1953)
2 The International Nickel Co., Inc., .. Technical Forum on
NlckeiChrorneContalnlng Alloys In High Temperature Appll
catlons"",(Nov. 1953)
3 The International Nickel Co., Inc., ""Propenles of Jncoloy, A
Heat Resisting Nlckel-Chromlumlron Alloy, ""(Feb. 1955)
4 The International Nickel Co., Inc., ""Physical ConstanJs of
Nickel and Some Nickel-Base Alloys"",(Aug. 1958)
5 The International Nickel Co. ,Inc., .. Technical Data"",
(Aug. 28, 1959)
 FeNC
REVISEDMARCH 1963 FERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL TABLE 3 021

This austenitic stainless steel alloy has a good combination Source {3 p.2 Fe
of tensile and creep rupture properties up to !500 F at Alloy Fe:<~. 5N11~Cr-3TI-1.25Mo-O. 3V-0.25AJ
high stresses. It Is a higher titanium and boron modlfica- Form Rolled bar 25.5 Ni
tion of A-286 stainless steel and Is primarily used for some 1800 F, 2 HR, OQ
parts of aircraft gas turbines, (3, p.1) (4) (5).
Condition 1800 F, 2 hr, OQ
+ 1350 F, 16 HR, AC
15 Cr
F - ksl 93.4 172.1 3 Ti
1.01 Commercial Designation. V-57. Ftu - ksl 33.7 119.0
e ~D)-percent 52.4 23.9
1.25 Mo
1.02 Alternate Designation RA -percent
Hardness,
75.5 43.1 0.3 v
1.03 Specifications. None. BHN 149 321 0.25 AI
1.04 Composition. Table I. 04. 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
3.031 Short time tension properties
3.0311 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of forg- V-57
Ings and rolled bar, Fig. 3. 0311.
TABLE 1 04
3.032 Short time properties other than tension
Allegheny Ludlum 3.033 Static stress concentration effects
Source GE (2, p.1)
(3, p.1)
Percent Percent 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
Min Max Nominal 3.041 Master curve for 0. 2 percent creep and creep rupture of
Aluminum 0.10 0.35 0.25 forgings, Fig. 3. 041.
Boron 0.005 0.025 0.008 3.042 Creep and creep rupture curves for bar, Fig. 3. 042.
Carbon
Chromium
-
13.0
0.08
16.0
0.06
15.00 3.05 Fatigue Properties
Manganese
Molybdenum
-
1.00
0.35
1.50
0.25
1.25
3.051 S-N curves for unnotched bar at room ond elevated tem-
peratures for various "A ratios, Fig. 3. 051.
Nickel 25.50 28.50 25.50 3.052 Stress range diagram for unnotched bar at 1100 and 1300 F,
Silicon
Titanium
-
2. 70
0. 75
3. 20
0.55
3.00
Fig. 3.052.

Vanadium - 0.50 0.25 3.06 Elastic Properties

Sulfur
Phosphorus
-
-
0.025
0.025
-- 3.061
3.062
Modulus of elasticity, Fig. 3.061.
Modulus of rigidity, Fig. 3. 062.
Iron Balance Balance 3.063 Poisson's ratio, Fig. 3.063.

4. FAllRICATION

4.01 Forming and Casting

1.05 Heat Treatment
1.051 Solution treat. 1800 F, 2 to 4 hr, oil quench, (1, p.14). 4.02
1.052 Age. 1350 F, 16 hr, air cool, (1, p.l4).
4. 03 Welding
1.06 Hardens~
4. 04 Hr.atlng and Heat Treating
1. 07 Forms and Conditions Available
4. 05 Surface Treating
1. 08 Melting and Casting Practice
Consum.;;ble electrode vacuum remelting of air-melted
electrooes, (3, p.l).

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

2.01 Thermal Properties

2.011 Melting range
2.012 Phase changes
2.013 Thermal conductivity
2.014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2. 014.
2.015 Specific heat

2.02 Other Physical P!opcrtlcs lor-----4------+----~~~~

2.021 Density. 0. 287 lb per cu ln. 7. 9 gr per cu em, (2, p. 1). tl.
2.022 Electrical properties a:
2.023 Magnetic properties !:e
2.03 Chemical Properties
20
a: 91--#~.,.--~~--,---t-.:::....--1
2.031 Corrosion resistance. Sec A-286. !:e
2.032 OXIdation resistance. Sec A-286. 20
2.04 ~~ sr-+----+------~~~~~-----1
1800 F. 2 HR, 0Q
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES + 1350 F, 16 HR, AC
1800 F, 2 HR, QQ
7
3.01 ~clfied Mechanical Prope~~ o~----~400~----~800~----~~200~--__jl600
TEMP F
3.02 ~chan!~~ Properties at Room Temperature
Producer's average mcchanic31 properties for rollc.-d bar,
FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION
3.021 (3, p.2)
Table J. 021.
FeNC
REV ISE DM ARC H 196 3
FERROUS ALLOYS

3V-D.25AI
200 Fe-25 . 5Nl1 5Cr3 Tl1. 25MoO.
200 Fe-25 .5Nl I5Cr 3Tl1 .25M o0.3 V0.2 5AI
Fe _.. ::-=,
25.5 Ni ........_I 1800 F. 2 HR.
+ 1350 F. 16 HR. AC
OQ
100
. 1100 F
160
Cr ~ ........
~ ~
15
so ~......_1200 F
~ !'}..
FTU -....._~
3 Ti ......
~ ~ ....,
1.25 Mo
0.3 v
i2 120 - - ~-F~- ---K\. 60
......... e- 1300 F

0.2 5AI \_1,_

i2 40 '-...._1350 F
80 -FO RGI NGS
(2) e RUPTUR .....
- - ROLL ED BAR (3)
\\
6. 0.5% } .......
V-5 7 0.025 IN PER MIN TO FTY
\
1.0% CREE P
0.05 IN PER MINT OFT. U ... 2.0%
40 20
80
I
I

- -- - --
~ .....
RA I 1800 F, 4HR, OQ}
3,'4IN DIA I', 1500 F
Ul
~ 40 ---
.... __ __ .... ,
/
/"
-+1 350 F, 16HR, AC
10 f-=-_. ISOOF, 2HR,
BAR (1)
BAR (3) OQ}
.....
...Ul -- -e (5 D) 8
+135 0F, 16HR, AC
10 100
....,~

1000
0.1
0 1600 TIM E HR
0 400 soc 1200
P RuPT URE CURVES FOR BAR
TEM P- F FIG. 3.042 CREEP AND CREE (1, p. 67) (3, p. 3)
URE
FIG. 3.031 1 EFFE CT OF TEST TEMPERAT
FORG-
ON TENS ILE PROPERTIES OF
INGS AND ROLLED BAR
(2, p. 6) (3, p. 3)

3V-O. 25AI
200 Fc-25 . 5Nl-1 5Cr-3 TI-l. 25Mo-O.
3/4IN BAR
1800 F, 4 HR, 0Q

100
r--... + 1350 F, 6 HR, AC
~
80
60
r--- ~
RT

40 A
200 co
6. 0.67
0.25
.a.. ""' .... ... 0
100 ...._
~
80
1._ 800 F
i2 60

lll40
Ul200
~ ..
200 Fc-25 . 5Nl-1 5Cr-3 Tl-l. 25Mo-O. 3Tl-
0. 25AI FORGINGS
1800 F, 2 HR, 0Q
~100
.. -
... ~-

.--- ~
--
100
........
+ 1350 F,. 16 HR, AC 80
"" 60
.. ~ l....a. .
1100 F 1- -
.......~ 40
80
" -~

40
',<"i\ \
100
80
60 ._ :--e.-
- -

- ---........ -
1300 F
...
.....
-
--
RUPTURE
0. 2% IAST IC STR, IN
40

20 40 -3 44 NUMBER OF CYCLES
32 3~
P= (T+4 60) (20 +LOG t) x 10 BAR AT ROOM
FIG. 3.051 S-N CURVES FOR UNNOTCHED
FOR VARIOUS
FIG. 3. 041 MASTER CURVE
FOR 0. 2 PERCEI'tl' AND ELEV ATED TEMPERATURES
CREE P AND CREE P RUPTURE
OF (1, p.IS- 20)
"A" RATIOS
FORGINGS ( 2 p. 7 )
 FeNC
REVISED MARCH 1963 FERROU~ ALLOYS

Fe-25. 5NI-15Cr-3Tl-l. 25Mo-O. 25AI Fe

60 3/-1. IN BAR
1800 F, 4 HR, OQ
- 25.5 Ni
~ r--- r---
r-----:--
+ 1350 ,F. 16 HR, AC
15 Cr

u;
40
-- J--'"";-,
--
r:e.--
--..
~ ~uodF
= - -=-=-- r-. ........
3 Ti
1.25 Mo
0.3 v
,,
UNNOTCHED K 1. 0
~ 20

l ', ~
'
0.25AI
~
0:
!;; 0 V-57
~ 60

z~

---..... ....._
~
Ia 40
::;
~-
- .... ~-- ............... I HR
-----
~
10 HR
<
1'., ' 1 HR
--100 HR
=2.16 x 105 CYCLES
20

0
UNNOTrED K = 1. 0
I
\
'
\.
lit
\
\
1\ 130t F

0 20 40 60 80 lOB 120 140

MEAN STRESS- KSI
FIG. 3. 052 STRESS RANGE DIAGRAM FOR UNNOTCHED BAR AT 1100 F AND 1300 F
(1, p.52)

30 0.40
Fe-25. 5NI-15Cr3TI-i. 25MoO. ~V-0.25AI Fe-25. 5Nl-15Cr3TIl. 25Mo-O. 3V0.25AI

~ 0.36

22
~
B
"-........ 0.32
_...... v
~
18
0

PIG. 3.061
400 800 1200
TBMP- P
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
1600 2000

(2, p.2)
0. 28

FIG. 3.063
0 ---400
~

800 1200
TEMP F
POISSON'S RATIO
1600 2000

(2, p.4)

12
Fe-25. 5Ni-15Cr -3TI-1.25Mo-O. 3V-O. 25AI

8
"" r.....
~
i'-......
REFERENCES
Cers, A. E. and Blatherwick, A. A., "Fatigue and Stress
Rupture Properties of !nconel 713 C, V-57 and Titanium
Alloys 7AI-3Mo-TI and MST 821 (8AI2Cb1TaTI)",
WADD TR 60-426, Uuly 1960)

""
2 General Electric Co., "V-57", Specification CSOT58,
(April 9, 1959), revised Uune 1961)
3 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp., "Allegheny Ludlum Iron-
6 Base High Temperaiure.Ailoy V-57'; (AprU 14, 1960)
1200 1600 -"20)0
0 400 800 Miller, J. R., Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp., Personal
TBMP - P Communication, Uuly 24, 1959)
PIG. 3.062 5 Bowen, B. 0., General Electric Co., Personal Communica-
MODULUS OF RIGIDITY
(2, p. 3) tion, (Feb. 23, 1959)
 FeNC
FERROUS ALLOYS

I. GENERAL
1.062 Jllfect d aging temperature and time oo Rockwell hazdness
W-545 Is a pnclpllatloo harden~. austenitic lroobase
alloy. Irs high creep strength, good ductility, realalaDCc o1. alloy, Table 1.062. Fe
to notch sensitivity and oxldatloo meet the requirements for TABLE 1.062
lmpra.rcd gas tu:r:blne discs, rotors, abatts, buckets aud Sn.oroo (5,p.4 26 Ni
An .... Fe26NH3. SCrl. 75Mol. 6Mn
other appllcatloos requiring high strength iD tbe temperature
range of 1000 to 13SOF, and 1600 to 2000F wben uaed for
.,..,..,,.,, ST 1?50F . hr. OC 13.5 Cr
Rockwell Hardness C
short intervals. The austenitic structure aDd ooa.-
magnetlc properties do not change under any c0Ddltl0118 or ..... _, lA h 64hr 128 hr 3 Ti
heat treatments. The streq1 ol this alloy does nor: 1100 1 8 13 18 22
depend on cold work, but 1111 heat treating. This ~esults In 1200 18 27 29 32 34 l75 Mo
uniform properties throughout forging operati0118 at hlgb 1300 26 36 36 37 36
temperatures with blgh fonnablllty. 1400 34 34 34 33 32 1.6 Mn
1.01 Commercial Oes!gnatioo. W-545. r,
1500 26 22 22 17 -
"" !<TlQo;(\1'~

g, ""'
h. 00-
nil"' ,,..
13~1\1,_ 2ll h
W-545
1.02 Alternate Designation. None. I' 10 hr
n
20 h~ 50hr 100 hr -
1.03 SpecUicatlons . Table 1. 03.
l2llll 38 39 39 -
1.07 Fonna and Conditions Available. Table 1. 07.
TABLE .07
TABLE~ 1.03 S<rurce 15.n.t0\m
LAMS Ponn Mllltarv Alll>v Fe26NlJ3.S Cr3Ttl. 75Mo-1.6Mn
5543 Slleet, strip and plate
57418 Bars, forgings, forging stock
Fonn Size In - Weight
and heading stock Dla ThlckDest Lenm1 Width lb
Bar
Centrless~

1. 04 CD l/4toll/ . . - -
Composition. Table I. 04.
HT l/4to 4
. . - - -.
rARLE .04
Flat
Slleet -
1/16 to 2
. 72
- 4
36 -
<"-,UTrP AMSn\12\ tl' lfi (51_
Aate - 1/8 to3 - 18 -
Percent Percent Percent Percent
Strip, CR - O.OOS to """tlnu- :: 18
0.09
-
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Forgings, open die . - OWl
-
Aluminum - 0.25 - 0.35 0.05 0.35 0.25 Rougb turned . . .
3500
Boron 0.025 0.12 0.025 0.12 0.02! 0.12 O.O!!!i 0.120 bUlet :: 10
-
Carbon - 0.08 - 0.08 - 0.08 - 0.08 cloSed-die
.- - - . 750
Chromium 2.00 5.00 2.00 15.00 12.00 15.00 2.00 15.00 upset pancake - -
Copper
Manganese
0.25
1.25 2.00
-
1.25 2.00
- - -
1.25 2.00 1.25 2.00
0.25 Blllets 1 square or
. round
- 12 -
1000
-
Molybdenum 1.25 2.25 1.00 2.50 1.25 2.00 1.25 2.25 Approximately reprocess up to indicated thickness.
Nickel 24.00 ~8.00
SUicon 0.10 O.M
4.00 28.00
0.10 0.80
~4.00 lu-oo ~4.00 28.00
0.10 0~80 0.10 0.80 1.08 Melting and Caatlng Practice.
TitanJum 2.70 3.30 2.50 3.30 2.50 3.30 2.70 3.30 Con&UilJablc arc vacuum melted, (S, p.3).
- .
--
Phosphorus
-
O.OM
-
0.04 - 0.04 1. 09 Specinl Cooslderatlon a.
Sulfur
Iron
0.03
O.lance
0.03
Balance
-
Ralnne.-
0.03
2. !'HYSICAL AND CHI!MJCAL PROPERTIRS
2.01 Thermal Propertiea.
2.011 Melting range. Heating 2453 to 2530F
1.05 Heat Treatment. Cooling 2455 to 2498F, (5, p.3).
1.051 Solution treatment. 1900 to 2JOOP, 1 hr minimum, oil or 2.012 Phase changes.
water quench for bars, forglrws. forging stock and heading 2.0121 nmercmperature-transrormat1on diagrams.
stock (2) and 1875 to 1925F, I hr minimum per Inch of 2.013 Thermal conductivity. Fig. 2.013.
rhJckness, alrblast, oil or water quench lor sheet, strip 1.014 Thermal expanaloa. Fig. 2. 014.
and plate (1). 2.015 Spec:Uic heat. 0.115 Btu per0b P) from 32 to 212F, (5, p.3)
1.052 Precipitation bent treatment. 1300 to 1425F, holding lor (7).
5 hr minimum, cooling to 1185 to J2J5F. 20 hr minimum, 2.016 Thermal dUtuoivlty.
air cool (2).
1.053 All the aging treatments result In formation of fine partlc 2.02 Other ftlyslcal Properties.
!pate (gamma prime) In the austenite matrix. (S. p.J2). 2.021 Density. 0. 285 lb per cu ln. 7. 89 gr per cu em, (5, p. 3)(7).
2,022 l!lectrlcal properties. l!lectrleal resistivity, Fig. 2. 022.
1.06 Hardness. 2.023 Magnotlc properties. l!lfect of low temperature oo magnetic
1.061 EUeeiCii"heat treatment on Brlnell hardness, Table 1.061. properties ol. allor. Table 2.\123.

TABLE 1.061 TAIILI! 2 023

lWITro {5. D.3}.
Source 5,p,4L
26Nt-13.5Cr 3Tt-1.75MoI. 6Mn
Allov Fe26Ni135Cr'ITI-!.75Mol~ "''
TempF
Fo
H (oersteds)
IJieaLTreatm ent lat<lne~s - IIH N Magnetic
Forged, AC 200 to 248 Permenhlllty +. 0005
STIBOOF, OQ 170 to 200 78.8 100 1.0044
ST2000P, 0Q 160 to180 78.8 200 1.0039
Fully liT' -mod hardene 330 to350 74.2 100 1.0065
Fully HT. max hardcnc 360 to 400 74.2 200 1.0056
1800 to 2100P, I hr min, W or 0Q
J300 to 1425 F, 20 hr min,
slow cool to 1200 and hold at temp 20 hr min . 320.8
.... 52. 2
Liquid nltrOf!en
Liquid helium
10-50
10-50
1.006
.007

CODE 1609
PAGE
FeNC
FERROUS ALLOYS

2. 024 E'lnlsalvlty. 3.027 Stress cooceottatJon.

2.025 Dunplog c.opaclty. 3.0271 Nocch properties.
Fe 3.0272 llracture toughness.
2.03 C2lemlcal Properties. 3.028 Comblnnd prOl">rlles.
26 Ni 2. 031 Geueral. The corrosloa resistance lor all attnospherlc
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various .Temperature..
<:aad.ltloos Ia stmUar tu l!lat alType 310sta1Dleaa steel and
13.5 Cr Ia good for 500 hours up to 1300 P, {5, p, 2), 3.031 Tens loa.
3.0311 Stress-attain curves at rocm all1 ele"";ated temperatures for
3 Ti 2. 032 Oxldadoo. The oxldatloa reslalaDCe alibis alloy Is good,
althougb a decrease In strength occurs above HOOF. ScaiiJ>g bor, Fig. 3. 0311.
does Dot occur below 2000P r~log temperature. Age 3.0312 Effect of room and ele,.ted temperature and exposure oa
1.75 Mll bardeolog decreases at bfBb temperatures due to l""SIIe properties of bor stock. Fig. 3. 0312.
softeolog and ""ersglog, (5, p, 2). 3.0313 Typical teoslle properties at room a!>d elevated temperatures
1.6 Mn ror bor and forgings, Fig. 3. 0313.
' - - - - - - ' 2. 033 Effect of temperature and exposure 011 oxide formatloo
3.0314 Effect of low and elCYated temperatures and tltanlwn cooteot
and wefBbt gain, Table 2. 033
oo tensile properties d sheet and bor, Fig. 3.0314
W-545 . 3.0315 Bf!ect ol test temperature- and direction on tensile pro
Table 2 033 pcrtles at disk lorglog, Pig. 3.0315.
""Allov " n ?\
P~26NlI3.5Cr3TII. 75MoI.6Mn
3.032 Compression.
3.0321 Stress -stral.n diagrams.
em
~;;;~~ F Impact.
~a
3.033
Wel~htGaln ITnrl ,.,.,._ O:nr~-'
3.0331 Effect of low and elevared temperatures oa impact strength
1200 0.10 0.80 of bor, Plg. 3. 0331.
1300 0.20 1.60 3.034 Bend log.

I 1400
1600
0.40
1.80
2.10
3.40
--
3.035 Torsloo aod shear.
3.036 Bearing.
3.037 Stress cooceotratloa.
3.0371 Notch properties.
2.04 !ob:lear Properties. 7.0372 Fracture toughness.
3.038 Combined properties.
3. MBCHANICAL PROPERTIES
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties.
3.01 ~Mecbanlcal Properties.
3.041 Creep rupture curves at 1200 and 1300F lor bor, Fig. 3.041
.3.011 AMS specified properties, Table 3. 011. 3.042 Creep ruptUre cunea at 1000 to 1400F ror noc:chcd a~
unnocched bora, Fig. 3. 042.

.... .... TABLE 3 Oil 3.043

;...044
Master creep naprure curve for bar, Fig. 3.043 .
Creep rupture curves at 1200 8ud 1300F ror disk forgings,
"'
Form
Condition
,.,PPI. olrfn,
1825 to 1925F, hold>
~ "'
.
Fe26NII3.5Cr3TI-I. 75Mot.6Mn
n.. "'<~
1900to2100F, >lhr, 0Q or
- 3.05
Fig. 3.044.

Fatigue Properties.
I hr/ln or thick. All, WQ+1300toi425F, >Shr 3.051 S-N curves at room and elevated temperatures for smooth
OQorWQ -IU85ro1215F, >20hr, AC bor, Pig. 3.051.
F mlnl:ol - ISS

F
lU
maxksl
mln-tsl
115
-
-
120
3.06
3.061
Elastic Properties.
Polssoo's :ratio, Fig. 3.061.
3.062 Modulus of elaatlclr:y at room and elevated ~emperarurea,
c<7o)mlnperccnt
e{21n)m In percent
-20 12
- 3.063
Pig. 3.062.
Modulus of rigtdlty at room and elevated tempc:rarett.::s.
RA min-percent - 12
-
Pig. 3.063.
Hardness,
DHN min
-- 311
4. FABRICATION
max 375
RR max 94 - 4.01
:: 0. 25 In may be nlr cooled from solutJon heat treating temperature Formability
4.011 Forging cao be done In the temperature range from 1600
to 2000F (Initial forging operation lor large sections) and
3.02 Mecbanlcal Properties at Room Temperature. hoc forging Is recommended from 1800 to 2000F (final
3.021 Tension See 3. 031 operations and small s~tlonn), (6, p. II).
3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams. See 3.03ll 4.012 Eft~t_allorglog temperature on forgeablllty of upset
3.0212 Typical room temperature terudle properties, Table 3.0212. rorglngs,Fig. 4,012.
4.013 Hoc rolling Is recommended In the above forging temp
TADLE 3.0212 crature, (6, p. II),
4.014 Forming. The alloy Is less susceptible to cracking nd
'"'Allov F<"26NlI3.5Cr3TII. 75MoL.6 Mn has better rormabUity than similar heat reslstlug alloys.
IDisk rorolrw I g,,.,.,~ k can readUy be rormcd into shapes in the solutlontreatcd
Form !lor"'"'"~
Temp F RT condltloo. Additional aglog Increases the strength level
F , typksl 175 167 175 with gond uniformity, (6, p. II).
Flu typkal 125 122 125
ty' 4.02 Machln,lng and Grinding

.....,
e{l. 41n), typperccnt 20 16 8
4.021 General. Standard high-speed steel, cast alloy cuttlng
RA, typpercent 36 20
HaniDt!RR RCrvn 34-37 35-36 tools and cemented carbide tools can be used lor all
machining operations In the salt solution treated or the
hard aged condition, while smooth finish can ""' obtained
3.0213 Effect of aging temperature on rcnaue propcnh:s of bar, In the fully heat treated condition, (6, p. II).
Fig. 3.0213. See 1.053. 4.022 C-2, C-5 ant C-6 tungsten c.arbklc cool have been
3.022 Compresalon. satisfactorily used in cutting operatloos, Table 4. 022.
3.0221 Stressattalu dlagrama.
3.023 hnpoct. See 3.033.
3.024 Bending.
3.0:5 Toralon and shear.
3. 026 Bearing.

CODE 1609
PAGE 2
 FERROUS Ai.LOYS

52r-----~----~----~----,
Fe26NI-13. 5Cr3TII. 75Mol. 6Mn Fe
26 Ni
25 44 1---+--+ -::......."--t---1
~a:
13.5 Cr
3 Ti
4.03
4.031 0. 9Jeet material baa been aucceaafully Joloed ~ 36 1--7"'"---1---- , l-----1-----... -1
by fPDto seam aD1 IDert are welding. IDert are welding 1.75 Mo
ELECTRICAL
Ia tbe recommeuded practice for good quality welda.
1o addldoo. rods have been flash butt welded to steels ~
RESISTIVITY 1.6 Mn
tbe SAB 4130 type aD1 various ataloleaa grades, (5). 28L------L------~---~--~~ '-----------'
Q 400 80C )20() I 1600
4.032 Alloy abou1d be In the aoludoutreated coodltloo before W-545
welding Ia attempud, (5). TllMPP
4.033 After welding, the weldmeota should be aoludoo treated PIC. 2.0Z2 RLBCTRICAL RESISTIVITY
for bcmcgeolzadoo aod stress relief, aD1 followod by (S,p.3) (7)
aging for maximum atreugtb, (5).

4.1K Heat Treatmeot.

Depeudlng IIPDD applk:adoo the aolud011 beat treatment varloa
In time (1/2 to 5 br). Gas turbloe forglaga are geDel'lllly
heated to 2000F, 3 br, after which aglag follows from
1300 to 142SP, 5 to 30 br, depeui!Qg 011 tbe titanium
cootent aD1 applk:adoo (Titanium cooteot minus four
tlmea.carboo cootent) aod atablllziDg at 1200P, 20 br
minimum. For loagdme service appllcatlooa aod realataoce
to ootcb 8e118ldvlty beat treating methods are Important,
for they have shown significant effect 011 the mechanical
properties. A modUicad011 ol tbe beat treatment within
the specified raage can result In higher hardness values.

4.05 Surface TreaanenL

14
Pe26NI13.5Cr3 TIJ. 75Mo1.6Mn

I
v
12
ii:'
...
(-o

/
g
a:
:5.
gj
10

/
v
...
(-o

~
8

/
v
6
/
nti!RMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Fe26Nl-13. 5Cr3TH. 75Mol.bMn
I I 0. 357 INDIA BAll.
400 200
0 BOO 1200 1600 2000F, 3HR WQ
TllMPF
FIG. 2.013 1 HERMAL CONDUCTIVITY r-
(5, p.3)(7) 160 FTU

II ;;;
~

...a: 120
-q..
~Tv
...
Ill
10 e TllMP, 2011R
2!: 0 TEMP, 20HR
a: 80 + 1200F, 20HR
...Ill
~ 40 RA
2!: 9 Ill
u
~ a:
g ... Ill
0
e
1325 1350 1375 1400
BOO AGJNJ TllMPF
400
TllMPF F:G. 3.0213 I!FFHCT OF AC'!:; TllM~ERATURE ON
FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION TENSILE PROPERTIES OF BAR
(5, p.3)(7) (S,p.B)

CODE 1609
PAGE 3
 FERROUS ALLOYS

160
Fe26NIl3.5Cr-3TIl. 75Mo . 200 Fe-26NIl3.5Cr-3TIl . 75Mo1.6M
.... _.
Fe 1.6Mn
!f2 'lN DlA BAR SI"OCK
26 Ni 140
I-70F

~
1-- 800F
13.5 Cr ~IOOOF
1200F
3 Ti i-1300F

If
120 120
ST2000F, ,
1.75 Mo WQ (331BHN) + AGE
0 5r 1900F, 3HR,
1.6 Mn "NQ (352BHN) + AGE
100
5r 2000F, 3HR, WQ ~ 80

W-545 + 1365F, 20HR,AC ""

0
20
RA
+ 1200F, 21JHR,AC
I .
"'
"""" o---
~80 5rRAINRATE
e
0. 005 IN/IN/MIN
1/2 HR SOAK AT 0 L-----~-----4----~--~
0 800
400 1200
TE5TTEMP
60 TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0313 TYPICAL TENSILE PRCPER
TIES AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
TEMPERATURES FOR BAR
40 A~FORGOOS
AGE: 1325F, 20HR, AC (4,p.4)
-H200F, 20HR, AC

240
20 ..---~--...,.....-Fe---26-Nt--1-3.""5C=-r-""'3""TI---1."'75""M..,.o--.,...1.""6M,..,....,n

0
II 2. 70'X, Tl} BAR
0 3.30'X,TJ
1--~~..l------l------1-'. T\ 0. 050 IN SHEET
e
200
6 L) 5r 2000F, 30M IN, AC
0 0. 004 0. 008 ~- 012
+ 1350F, 20HR
5rRAININ PER IN
+ 1200F, 20HR !:1
FIG. 3.0311 5rRESS STRAIN CURVES ~--~--~~~~~~~(~2~~~T~O~----~I60 ~
AT ROOM AND ELEVATD IL
TEMPERATURES FOR BAR
(3)

160

120

lil 80
200
Fe-26NI-13.5Cr3TII. 75Mo-t.6Mn
j:
i.__ 1/2 IN DIA BAR 5r0CK
"'
160
r---k 40 0

' (!
--
FTU
lil 1 ...
:0.: 0
120
El!.POSURI
e 1/2 HR
FTY
1 120

0 500HR
80
40 ~
""
., tJ
80

~tJ "'
20 """'
"'
g}
1-.. e(l IN)
Vo 40

Q
0 800 1200 1600 0
TEMPF -400 0 1600 2000
TEMPF
FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF ROOM AND ELEVATED
T::MPERATURE AND EXPOSURE ON FIG. 3.11314 EFFECT OF !.OW AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES AND
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF BAR 5rOCK TITANIUM CONTBNT ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET
(3) AND BAR
(5, p. S) (6, p. 3)

CODE 1609
PAGE 4 .........
 FERROUS ALLOYS

200
... , Fe-26NI-13.5Cr-3Tll. 75Mo-1.6Mn Fe
ISO LB COJIITOUR DISC

160
1.. FORGI~ 26 Ni

"'
lil FTU 13.5 Cr
:..:

120

80
FTY -rt 3
1.75 Mo
1.6
Ti

Mn

e W-545
~
Ill
TA~ENilAL
0 RADIAL
eNOTCHED
040 OUNNOTCHED

...ffi RA
~
20
.A. 0. 050 IN SHEET
2000F, 1/2 HR, AIR BLAST COOL
e(21n)
+ IJSOF, 20HR
~
0
+ 1200F, 20HR
0 800 400 1200 1600
TllMPF IOL-------L-------L-----~~~
I 10 100 1000
FIG. 3.0315 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE
AND DIRECTION ON TENSILE PROP- TIMEHR
ERTIES OF DISC FORGJ~ FIG. 3.042 CRBEP RUPTURE CURVES AT 1000 TO
(S,p.8)
1400F FOR NOTCHED AND UNNOTCHED
BARS
40 (S,p.6)
Fe-26Nll3. 5Cr-3Tl-l. 75Mo-1.6Mn

--r---
9/16 INDIA BAR

30
.?'

~ 20
1'-- v
t: IECHARPY V

10
ST 2000F, 3HR, WQ
+ 136SF, 20HR, AC
+ 1200F, 20HR, AC
0
-400 0 400 800 1200 1600
TllMPF

PIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF LOW AND ELEVATED TEMPERA 200 -.--:-:-:-

1URE ON IMPACT STR~TH OF BAR Fe-26Nl-13.SC.--3TI-l. 75~1o-1.6Mn
(5, p. 4)(6, p. 4) 0.347 JIIOAR
2000F, 3HK, WQ
+ 1350 to 1375F, 20HR, AC
200 + 1200F, 20HR, AC
Fe-26Ni-13. 5Cr-3Tl-1. 75Mo-l. 6Mn 100
/21N DIA BAR
......... AVG 365BilN
80
ST 2000F, 3HR, WQ

""
f+.i36SF, 20HR, AC
60
100 lf.I200F, 20HR, AC
1200F ~
- "\
80 -~
~300~ . ..:_ 40
---...,
40 ~--
~--
",~

0 FORGJ~S (4, p. 4)
--...:.....---
i' '
.........
20

1 =- Absolute temperature
\\
A DAR STOCK .........
20
6 .S%CREEP
10 100 1000 10
1 = Tlme-brj

32 36 40
1\
44 48
TIMEHR 3
T(20+ LOG t) x 10"
FIG. 3.041 CREEP RUPTURE CURVES AT 1200
AND 1300F FOR BAR FIG. 3.043 MASTER CREEP RUPTURE CURVE-FOR DAR
(3,1. A.6.1.1)(5, p.S) (S,p.9)

CODE 1609
PAGE 5
 FERROUS ALLOYS

200 32
Fe26N Pe26Ni-13.5 Cr-l. 75MoI.6Mn e26NI-13.5C r3TIl. 75Mol.tiM
Fe FORGINGS
(2.85\t; Ti)
26 Ni
28 ......
13.5 Cr . 100 .............

~
3 Ti _so ......
'[
"'
:.:
~
lc.-zr- E
1.75 Mo 60

1.6 Mn
40
"\
6. TAN3ENI'JAL !SOLD DISC 20 1\
W-545 0 RADIAL
A WEB
(2.27% Tl) \
e PERIPHERY )' IOOLBDISC
oHuo (2.85\t; Ti) 16
20
10 100 1000 0 BOO 1200
TIMEHR TEMPP
FIG. 3. 044 CREEP RUPTURE CURVES AT 1200 AND I'IG. 3.062 MOOUWS OF ELASTICITY AT
1300F FOR DISC FORGIN3S ROCM Al'l> ELEVATED TEM
(5, p. 8)(b) PERATURES
(4,p.3)
100
F 26NI.-'3,oGr-iiTH.75Mo~.oMn
7/8 INDIA BAR
2000F, 3HR, WQ
+ 1375 F, 20HR
80 ~F 20HR,A C-

~..... RT
......, ~ 1200F
1300F

2.70\t;T
0
80 400

-
BOO
=b:- RT
1200F TEMPF
1200 1600

lt-t300F FIG. 3.063 MODULUS OF RIGIDITY AT RO<N

AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
REV. BIWIN3
R r 3.30\t;Tl
(5,p.5)

Fe26Nlt3.5 Cr-'3Ttl. 75Mo1.6Mn

UFSET FORGII'l:;S
6 7
10 10 108

--v
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3.051 SNCURVI!S AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
TEMPERATURES FOR ~100111 BAR
(S,p.4) f- ..!..
Note:
Reverse stress cycle with zero mean stress. oi.OINDIA
l!lcctromagne tlc bending machine. l UFSET FO GilD
0.30 1-3tN-l I I
Fe26Nl13.5 Cr3TlJ. 75MoI.6Mn
1700 1900 2100 2300

~- FORGII'.G TEMP F

v
0.28 FIG. 4.012 I!FFECT OF FORGII'l:; TEMPERATURE
ON FORGEABILITY OF UPSET FORGINGS

0.26
,-- (5, p.ll)
Steam board drop hammer single blows 1300 lb,
13ft/sec
RI!FERI!NCES

0.24 I POISSON'S RATIO

I
2
AMS 5543, (June 30, 1960)
AMS 5741, (June 15, 1959)
I 3 "Compilation ol Unpublished Material& lnformatloo",
Republic Aviation Corp., First Qua:-terly Report,
(April-June 1961)
0.22 4 .. Wcst~ousc Data Report", Consumable Arc Vacuwn
0 BOO 1200 1601: Melted Alloy W-545", Westinghouse Flc:ctrlc Corp.,
TEMP-F (February 4, 1958)
5 "W -545 Vacuum Melted Hlgb Temperature Alloy", T<Chn.
FIG. 3.061 POISSON'S RATIO
Data 52263, Westinghouse l!lcctrlc Corp., (January t960)
(S,p.6) 6 "Cryogenic Properties", Westinghouse Blcctrlc Corp.,
(1962)
7 "Westlngflous c W-545", Alloy Digest, Cafe 5587,
(May 1959)
CODE 1609
PAGE 6
 RELEASED: MARCH 1969 FERROUS ALLOYS

:,,.. ,.. 1. GENERAL 2.017 Dimensional stability, Table 2. 017

Fe
This alloy is a high-carlJOn modliication of Incoloy
(Code 1607). It has the same elevated-tempelaturc .35 c
corrosion characteristics as Incoloy, with improved TABLE 2.017 33. Ni
mechanical properties. The higher strength cf this
alloy is a result of Its carbon cont~nt, which causes Source (1)
21 Cr
dispersion hardening in the service temperature Alloy Fe-. 35C -33Ni -21C r-. 75TI-. GOAl
range. The alloy is used widely for platens and dies Dimensional Change, Percent .75 Ti
in the hot-forming of titanium, and other applications Test After
where high temperature oxidation resistance is required. Temperature 1 Hour 11 Hours 33 Hours .60 AI
F
Commercial Designation
Incoloy Alloy 802 1200 - - -0.033 lncoloy
1400 -o. os1 -0.08 -0.08 Alloy 802
1.02 Alternate Designations 1600 -0.093 -0.093 -0,093
None

1. 03 Specifications
None

1.04 Composition 2,02 Other Physical Properties

1.041 Producer specification, Table 1. 041 2.021 Density, 0.283 lb per In; 7.63 gr per cu em
2. 022 Electric resistivity, at 75 F 39.7 microhm -In
2. 023 Magnetic properties
2. 0231 Magnetic permeabUity at 75 F and 200 oersted
TABLE 1.041 Annealed, 1. 036
Annealed plus 1600 F, 16 hr, 1. 010 (2)
Source (1)
Min Max
2.03 Chemical Properties
Carbon 0.2 0.5 2,031 The corrosion resistance of this alloy is essentially the
Manganese 1.5 same as for Incoloy (sec Code 1607).
Silicon o. 75 2.032 Weight loss after 1000 hr cyclic oxidation (15 min nt
Sulfur 0.015 1800 F + 5 min AC to RT) Is o. 036 gm per sq em (2).
Copper o. 75
Chromium 19.0 23.0
Aluminum 0.15 1.0
Titanium 0.25 1.25 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Nickel 30.0 35.0
Iron Balance 3. 01 Specified Mechanical Properties

3.02 Mechanical Properlies at Room Temperature, sec 3. 03

3.0.?.1 Tension
3.0~11 Stress-strain diagrams
1.05 Heat Treatment 3.022 Compression
1.051 Specific heat treat procedures will be avallable to the 3.0221 Stress-strain diagrams
user of this alloy by direct request to the producer. 3,023 Impact
3. 0231 Charpy V anraaled, 79 fl-lb; annealed plus 1400F,
1.06 Hardness 1000 hr, 2r. fl-lb
1. 061 ~ess of alloy, Figure 1.061 3.024 Bending
3. 025 Torsion :md shear
1.07 Forms and Conditions Avall able 3.026 Bearing
1.071 This alloy Is available in the annealed condition In the 3,027 Stress l.Onccntrntion
forms of plate, rod, bar, and extruded tube. 3. 0271 Notch ptopertie~
3.028 Combine :1 proJMlrljeu
1. 08 Melting and Cnst!ng Practices

1. 09 Special Considerations 3.03 Mechanical. Properlies at Various Tempe::'lltures

1.on This alloy Is not recommended for usc at temperatures 3.031 Effect of tMt temperature on tensile properiies of
above 1700F. Dispersion reactions In the temperature alloy, Flgu1~ 3. 031
range between about 1200 and lGOOF reduce the tensile 3,0311 Stress-strain diagrams
elongations and Impact strength (see Figure 3, 031 and 3. 032 Compressicn
Section 3, 0231). 3. 0321 Stress-str.lln diagrams
3.033 Impact
3.034 Bearittg
3.035 Torsion and shear
2. PHYSICAL AND THEH~'.\L PROPERTIES 3,036 Bearing
3,037 Stress concentration
2. 01 Thermal Properties 3, 0371 Notch properlies
2,011 Melling range, 2400 - 2500 F 3,0372 Fracture toughness
2,012 Phase change, none 3.038 Combined properiies
2,013 Thermal conductivity, at 75 F, 7. 16 Btu ft per
(hr sq ft F). :1.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
2.014 Thermal expansion, Figure 2. 014 3.041 General
2.015 Specific heal, at 70 F, 0.111 Btu per (lb F) 3,0411 Creep rupture curves at elevated temperatures,
2,016 Thermal dlffuslvity Figure 3. 0411
 ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 1969

3,05 Fati!!:!!e Prol!!!rties

Fe 3,051 Fatigue strength of annealed bar, Table 3. 051
.35 c
33. Ni
TABLE 3,051
21. Cr Source (1)
220
.75 Ti Alloy Fe-.35C-33 Ni-21C r-. 75Ti-.60A l
J:o'e-. 35C -33Ni-21C r-. 75TI-. GOAl
.60 AI Form
Condition
Bar
AMealed
200
ANNEALED
0 ANNEALED +
Stress 1400F, 1 HR
lncoloy Test Fatigue
Ratio Temperatu re Strength
Alloy8 02 8
A R F 10 Cycles-Ks i z
:>:: 180
Rotating Beam 00 - 1 BO IQ
33
Kt = 1 1000 48
1200 45
1400 "'
"'"'Clz
37
1600 160
17
1800 10
~
:>::
140
3,06 Elastic Properties
3,061 Poisson's ratio
3,062 Modulus of elasticity, Figure 3. 062
3,063 Modulus of rigidity 120

2000 KG, 10 - mm DIAMETBH BALL

4. FABRICATION 100
0 1600 2000
4.01 Formabilit y
~.011 This alloy can be cold-forme d by standard methods
FIG. 1.061 HOT - HARDNESS
4,02 Machining and Grinding (1)
4.021 This alloy Is readily machined using cemented carbide
tools. High feed rates should be used for best results
when turning.

4.03 Welding
4,031 The alloy can be welded by the shielded metal-are process
using Inconel Welding Electrode 112 or lnco-Weld A
Electrode. It Is welded by the gas tangsten-a re process
using Inconel Filler Metal B2 or lnconel Filler Metal 625.

4.04 Heat Treatment

4.05 Surface Treatment Fe-. 35C -33NI-21C r-, 75TI-.GOAI

4.051 Pickling Is performed In a nitric acid-hydro fluoric acid
10
soluuvn. Pre-treatm ent In a fused sr.lt bath w
c..
reccmmcnd ed,
~

~ 9 ~-----+~~--~~----~-----+------1
::s
~

"'
p. B 1--.J-- +- FROM
ROOM TEMPERA TURE
2!1
TO
'f;: TEMPERA TURE INDICATED
71--- -i--

TEMP- F

FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION

(1)
RELEASED: MARCH 1969 FERROUS ALLOYS

Fe-.35C-33Ni-21Cr-. 75Ti-.60Al Fe
.35 c
33. Ni
21. Cr
.75 Ti
.60 AI

Inco loy
Alloy 802

0
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000

TEMP- F
FIG. 3.031 TENSILE PROPERTIES AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
(1)

100
Fu-. 3bC _,3NI-21Cr-. 75TI-. GOAl ,.:
80
60

40 t---

- r-- ""'----- r--

20 -
-- t - - t---
-r-- r----_
r------_
-- --
r----_
~
1200F

---
~ 1~
1-- -.;._

!GOOF
-
6 --., _.. /

4
-~---- ~F

1
10 50 100 500 1000 5000 10000
TIME- HOURS

FIG. 3.0411 CREEP RUPTUF..E CURVES AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

(1)
FeNC
FERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 1969

Fe
.35 c
33. Ni
21 Cr
.75 Ti
.60 AI

I nco loy
Alloy 802

:Jo
29
28
.... Fe-.35C-33NI-21Cr-. 75TI-.GOAI -

26
""" "'-~
25
""
~
"'::;
24

23

22

21
DYNAMIC
' "'
'.

\..
-

-
2{)
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000

TEMP-I'

FIG. a.or.2 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ELEVATED

TEMPEHATUHES
(1)

RP.forcnces

1, BS! A-63356, unpublished data on Incoloy 802 supplied

by E. B. Fernsler, Jlunllngton Alloy Product Division,
the International Nickel C').11pany Inc., ~lay, 1967
2. E. B. Fernsler, International Nickel Con1pany inc.,
Personal Communication \\ith W, F. Brown, .Jr., 1968
 AIC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIBS
I. GENERAL AI
This non -heat treated aluminum casting alloy contains a
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
qusntlty of hardeners, particularly copper and magnesium.
3. on AMS specified mechanical properties, Table 3. 011.
8 Cu
It possesses, therefore, high tensile and fatigue properties
at elevated temperatures and these are superior to those 6 Mg
or any other aluminum casting alloy at temperatures from TABLE 3 Oll
400 to 600 F. It Is a vallable in the form of sand and per- Source AMS I 0.5 Mn
manent mold castings and it possesses goad casting char- A-140 Ni
A.llov
Sand castings
0.5
acteristics, (3). Form
Condition As cast CF
1.01 Commercial Designation. A 140. Soeclmen Cast test bars castitul&* Al40
ITemp - F RT 400 !12 hr RT
L 02 Alternate Designations. None. F~, min - k.sl 29 27 21.75
Fty min - );J~i - 24 -
I. 03 Specifications. Table 1. 03. Hardness
BHN(SOOkg,

TABLE 1.03
10 mm), min - - 80

jAMS I Form Military Average of at least 4. preferably 10 specimens

3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature. See 3. 03.

1.04 Composition. Table l. 04.
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
3.031 Effect of exposure and test temperature on the tensile pro
TABLE 1.04 perties of sand cast teat bars, Fig. 3, 03L
l~urce AMS (I)
Percent 3,04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
Min Max
Copper 7.0 9.0 3,05 Fatigue Properties
Magnesium 5. 5 6.5 3.051 Fatigue strength of sand cast test bars, Table 3. 051.
Manganese 0. 30 o. 7
!ron
Silicon
-- o. 50
0.50 TABLE 3 05i
Zinc - 0.10
0. 7
Source \<I
A.l40
Nickel 0. 30 Allov
Titanium - 0.20 Form
Condition
Sand cast test bars
A.s cast (F)
Other Impurities
each
total
-
-
0.05
0.15
Temp
F
Method Stress
Ratio
Fatigue Strength
at Cycles
- ksl

Aluminum Balance _A _R 10
5 106 107 JoB SxloS
Alloy contains small quantities of boron for grain refinement RT Rot beam -1 Z9 Z3 !9 18 17.5
and beryllium for oxidation resistance, (3). 300 Rot-Load
"' 19 14.5 13 12.5 12.5
400 Rot-Load 17.5 13 11 10 5 10.5
500 Rot-Load 16 ll 5 9 8.5 8.5
600 Rot-Load 14 !15 7 5. 5 5
1. OS Heat Treatment. Alloy Is not used In heat treated condi-
tions,

1.06 Hardenablllty. This alloy Is not subjected to a solution 3.06 Elastic Properties
heat treatment. 3.061 Modulus of elasticity, 11,100 ksi, (3).

1.07 Forms and Conditions Available

1.071 The alloy lo available In form or sand and permanent mold 4. FABRICATION
castings, (3).
1. 072 It Is used In the as cast (F) or the annealed (T2) Condition. 4.01 F ormlng and Casting
4.011 The alloy has good casting cllaracterisdcs. lt contains an
abundant quantity of eutectic to promote feeding. Permanent
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES mold castlnga have shown a moderate hot cracking tendency,
(3).
2. 01 Thermal Properties
2.0ll Melting r~ogc, 950 to lllO F, (3).
2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subjeGt to precipltatioa and harden-
Ing of the as cast conditi<>n at elevated temperatures.
2. 013 Thermal conductivity. 55.6 Btu It per (hr sq It F), (3).
2. 014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2. 014.
2,015 Spedflc heat

2.02 Other Physical Properties

2.021 Density. O.!Ollb per cu In. 2. 79 gr P!'T cu em, (3).
.2.022 Electrical resistivity. 2. 94 microhm In, (3)
2.023 Ma!,'Tletlc properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic.

2.03 Chemical Properties

2.031 Corrosion resistance
2.032 Oxidation resistance
AIC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REV I SED MARCH 1963

14
AI Al-8Cu-6MgO. SMnO. SNI
8 Cu
6 Mg /
0.5 Mn
/MBAN COBP LINEAR
0.5 Ni J THBRMAL BXPANSION _
PROM RT TO TBMP
INDICATBO
Al40
11
0 200 400 600 800
TBMP P
PIG. 2. 014 THBRMAL BXPANSION
(3)

~--~~=-~~~~~~

r:
l1o
~~---120

200 800 REFERENCES

FIG. 3, 03l EFFECT OF BXPOSURB AND TEST
TBMPBRATURE ON TBNSILE PROP-
ERTIBS OF SAND CAST TBST BARS
(2)
I AMS 4227 A (June 15, 1959)
2 Alcoa Research Laboratories, "Data Sheet", (Aug. 29, 1957)
3 Lemon, R. c. and Sicha, W. E;, "New Aluminum Casting
Alloy X 140 for Elevated Temperature Applications", Amer-
Ican Foundrymcn's Soclcry, (May 7, 1956)

~
"'"
3101
 AIC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GBNBRAL 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice, All common aluminum

This age baalen!Dg aluminum casting alloy coomlns cop- alloy melting and casting practices. AI
per as baaleoer and sUlcoo to Improve Its casmbUity. It
Is one of the eadler alloys and possesses high sueogth 1,09 Sj>eclal Considerations 4.5 Cu
and good macbin:>bUity. However, be;:ause of Its lofer- 1.091 This alloy Is dlfflcult to cast In a condition free from por-
lor casting and corrosion propertles It bas b~eo replaced osities and cmclts. + Si
In many applications by alloys containing 5 to 7 pe!Ceot
silicon and magnesium. The alloy Is avaUable In form of
2,
195, 8195
sand castings, 195, cootalolog atnut 1 peiCeot sUicon, PHYS!CAL AND CHBMICAL PROPBRTIBS
and In form of permanent mold >:astings, 8195, coDIBiolog 2.01 Thermal Properties
about 2.5 p=ent sUlcoo. 2.011 Melting range. 195, 970 to 1190 F. Bl95, 970 to 1170 F,
(6, p.203).
1,01 Commercial Designations. 195 and B195. 2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subject to precipitation.
2.013 Thermal conductivity. 195, 79.9 Btu ft per (hr sq Ct F).
Altemate Deslptions. None. B 195, 75. 0 Btu ft per (hr sq Ct F), (6, p. 203).
2.014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2. 014.
1.03 Specifications. Table 1. 03, 2.015 Speclflc heat. 195, 0. 23 Btu per \lb F). B 195, 0. 22 Btu
per (lb F), (7, p. 823, 33).
TABLE 1. 03 2.016 Emissivity. At room temperature, 0.035 to 0.07, (7,p.833~
AMS Uov Ponn Milltarv
2.02 Other Physical Properties
4230C 195 Castings, sand (T4 Cond) MILA-17129-3 2.021 Density. 195, 0. 102 lb per cu ln. 2. 81 gr per cu em,
~231C 195 Castings, sand (T6 Cond) MILA-17129-1 Bl95, 0.101 lb per cu ln. 2. 78 gr per cu em, (7, p. 823, 33),
Shlosl Cl 4 2.022 Electrical resistivity, Table 2, 022.
4282E B195 Cas tlogs , permanent mold TABLE 2 022
(T6 Cond) Source (7 p. 832, 833}
~2831J 8195 Cas tlngs , permanent mold Allov Condition Electrical Resistivity mk.Oilm In
IIT4 Condl 195 T4 I. 94
T62 I ;;J
B 195 T4 1.94
1. 04 Composition. Table 1. 04. T6 .. I. 88

2.020 Magnetic properties, Alloy Is nonmagnetic,

TABLE I 04
Sou ICe AMS 1)(2 AMS (3)(4) 2.03 Chemical Properties
Allov 195 Bl95
PeiCent Percent 2.04 Nuclear Prop~rties
Min Max Min Max
Copper 4.0 5.0 4.0 5,0
--
---
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Magnesium 0.03 0.05
Manganese 0.30 0,30
Iron
SUI con
-- 1. 00
1,2 2.0
1. 2
3,0
3,01
3.011
S;>ectfied Mech~olcal Properties
AMS lpe::.Uled and producers' guamoteed meclnnlcal pro-

--
--
perties, Tab:e 3,011.
Zinc 0,30 0,30
Tltaolum 0,20 0.20 3,02 Mech~lcal Properties at Room Tempemture
Other Impurities
-- 3,021

--
Typical mechlnlcal properties or cast test bus, Tab!e
each 0,05 - 3.021.
total 0,15 0,30 3,022 Effect of diameter of cylindrical castings on tensUe pro-
Aluminum Balance RolAn~~
perties of specimen machined from 195 - T6 sand castings,
Table 3,022,
3,023 Typical tensUe properties of specimen cut from 195 - T6
sand castings or different thickness, Table 3, 023,

1.05 Heat Tre.~aneot 3,03 Me::.lnnlcal Properties at Various Tempemtures

1,051 Anneal (suess rellef) for dimensional stabUity during tna- 3,031 shon time tenslon properties
chlol.og. 650 to 750 P, 2 hr. 3, 0311 Effect of exposure nnd test temperature on the tensile
1.052 S()].utlon ueat to T4 Condition properties of cast test bars In T4 and T6 Conditions,
1,0521 195.950 m 970 P, 6 to 18 hr, quench In hot water, Fig. 3. 0311.
150 to 212 P, preferably 212 F, (6, p. 212). 3,032 Shott time pro~~rties other than tens too
1.0522 m95, 940 to 960 P, 4 to 12 hr, quench In hot water, 150 3,033 Static s uess concentration effects
to 212 F, preferably 212 F, (6, p. 212).
1.053 Artificially age T4 Co~dltloo or 195 3,04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
1.0531 To T6 Condition. 300 to 320 F, 3 to 6 hr, (6, p. 212). 3,041 Creep and creep rupture properties of sand caot test bors
1.0532 To T62 Condition. 300 to 320 P, 12 to 20 hr, (6, p. 212). In T6 Condition, Pig, 3, 041.
1.054 Artificially age T4 Condition or B195
1,0541 To T6 Condition. 300 to 320 F, 5 to 7 hr, (6, p, 212). 3,05 Fatigue Prop-.rties. S>e 355 also.
1.0542 To T7 Condition. 490 to 510 P, 4 to 6 hr, {6, p, 212). 3,051 Typical fatigue strength of cast test bars at room tempera-
ture, Table 3, 051.
1.05 Haal;:oabUity, Alloy baaleos fully on,queochlog In b)Uiog
water,aod aging Ia aU commercial section thicknesses. 3,06 Blas de Properties
3,061 ModUlus of elaSticity. 195, 10,300 kill, B 195, 10,300 lcsl.
1.07 Ponns and Conditions AvaUable 3,0S2 Modulus of rigidity. 195, 3850 lcsl. m95, 3850 lest,.
1.071 Sand castings to 195 are avaUable toP, T4, T6 an:l T62 (J' p. 832, 833).
Conditions.
1.072 Permanent mold ::astings In 8195 are avaUable In P, T4, 4. FABRICATION. s.,..., 355. Only additional or dllierent In
T6 and T7 Conditions, formarton Is reponed here.
AIC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

TARI .... n
AI AMS (I) AMS (2)
~

AMS (4) AMS(3)

4.5 Cu Source (5,p.61) l (5, p.61)-l (5, p. 61) (5,p.M)i (5, p.64}i (5,p.64)
Alloy 195 - Rl95
+ Si Form .!':ond,.~ p;.;;:,;; ;;;;;;; ~nl-' ,.;;-;;;;:
Condition
Specimen type
4 T~2 T7 'T, .. T7
195, B 195 Cast From Cast From Cast Prom Cast From Cast
test casting test casting Cast test bars test casting test casting Test
bars Avg(al bars Avl!Cal bars AVl!(B) mrs Avl!Cal Bsrs
Ftu mlnksl 29 22 32 24 36 29 33 24.75 35 26.5 33
F1 mln-ksl 13(b) -
-
20 15
-o. 7
28 16 15(b)
-
- 22 16,5 16
e(i. In), mln-percen
e(4 D), mln-percen
6
- 1.5
3
-
-
-
3
-
4.5
- 1.2
2
-
-0,5 3
-
--
-- --
Fey mln-ksl 14(b) 2l(b) - 29 17 15(b) 22(b) 16
Fsu'
Fbru
mln-ksl
mln-ksl
22(b) 24(b) - 28 21 I 25(b) 26(b) 25

Fbry
(e/0 = 2)
mln-kal
6l(b) - 67(b) - 76 61 59(b) - 63(b) - 59

(e/0 = 2)
Hardnea a, BHN
26(b) - 40(b) - 56 (b) 32 27(b) - 40(b) - 29(b)

(500 kg, lOmm)

- -
-- --
-miJ 50 65 - - - 65 80
-mal - 80 - 95 - - - 90 110
(a) Average values for at least 4, preferably 10, specimen
(b) Alcoa only

TABLE 3.021 TABLE 3 051

rsm;;ce (6. p.!97) (6, p.19H) Source co, n.t97-198
Allov 195 B195 Alloy Condltlor Method Stress Stress Fatigue Strength-ksl
Form Sand cast test bars Perm mold cast Ratio Concen- at 5 x 108 cycles
" . , ho .. A If tratlon
Condition T4 T6 I T62 'T4 T6 T7 195 T4 Rot -1 Smooth 7
-ksl 32 36 41 37 40 39 T6 beam "' K1 7,5
ptu'
pty -ksl 16 24 32 19 26 20 T62 8
Fey -ksl 17 25 34 20 26 20 R195 T4 9.5
Pau -ksl 26 30 33 30 32 30 T6 10
e(2 ln)-percent 8.5 5 2 9 5 4.5 T7 9
Hardness BH!Il 60 75 90 75 90 80

4,01 Forming and Casting

4.011 The casting properties of this alloy are considerably In-
ferior to that of the higher slllcon alloys. It has a tenden-
cy to hot cucklng and pressure tightness Is dWicult to
obtain. Its lluldlty Is good and Its shrinkage on solldlfi-
TABLE 3 022 catlon Is moderate.
Source (7, p.58 4.012 Effect of pouring temperature on tensile properties <of
Allov sand cast test bars In T4 and T6 Conditions, Fig. 4. 012.
195
Form Sand castlnao
Condition 4, 02 MachlnabUity
T6
4. 021 The machlnabWty of this alloy Is very fi'OO:IIn all condi-
01 of cas ling-In Test bar tions. A stabUizlng anneal after casting Is re::ommended
0,505 3/4 1 1/4 I 3/4 2 114 for maximum di.Jnenslonal stabUity.
Fru' -ksl 39.8 29.1 29.3 22.6 22.1 4, 022 Tool wear ls higher fur 8195 tlun for 195, oocause of the
~g: ksl 22,3 16.8 19.9 17.2 18.1 higher sUlcon content.
e lnl-oercent 6.4 5.0 4,3 2.3 2 5 4. 023 Lubrication Is not required for machining this alloy, ex-
cept for heavy finishing ~uts, A mixture of oU and ker-
osene or a soluble oil Is recommended as luhrlcant.
4,03 Wrlding
4,031 Gencml, The weldabWty of this alloy Is rared as fair and
It can be welded b~th by Ius ion and resistance methods.
Welding should be proferalty perfurmed In the as cast (F)
Co:>dltlon.
4.032 Fusion welding. Uslng special methods tbls alloy can be
TABLE 3 023 arc welded wlth nux or Inert gas. Gas welding can be
.,.,.,..,. (7, p,57 done but It Is not recommended,
Allov 195 4.033 Resistance welding can bo pedormed uslng special tech-
Form Sand castln"" nlques.
Condition T6 4.034 Pees sure welding ls not recommended,
Section thickness-In ~1 8 1 8to1/4 1/4ro liz l/2to3/< Y4toLO 4,035 Bmzlng of this alloy Is not posslllh bJt soldarlng can be
done usl:>g special tc:hnlques,
Fru' -ksl 37.5 37 37 35,5 32
P~,. -ksl 27.5 27 26.5 25,25 24,5
ci. Dl-oercent 6 5 5 4 4 3
 AIC
REVISE[) MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

6O A1-4. SCu +51

14 A1-4. SCu +51 AI
SAND CAST TEST BARS RT
T6 C NO 4.5 Cu
""c: 40
+ Si
---- - --
<Zl
212 p
0.. 13
E:i 1----- 1-----r - - -
c:
<Zl
195, 8195
0.. 20
12
E:i ~ ..................
~ .........
s
11
-200 400 600 10
.
'. . ', ~......... .....,

."
400P
f'
P1G. 2. 014 TiiERMAL EXPANSION
8 --RUPTIJRB '
(6, p.205) ~ 6 ---1-SI\CREBP
- - 0. 5% CREBP
---0.2% CREBP
4
40

20
r---- - I::: ~
300 p

--- ...
"
1------
10
1.0 10 100 1000
TIMB- HR

PIG. 3.041 CRBBP ANQ CRBBP RUPTURE PROPERTIES OF

SAND CAST TBST BARS lN T6 CONDITION
(10)

AI- .SCu +51

~SAND{ T6 CO 40
CAST T4 COND
A PERM MOLD CAST
T6 COND
30

iii
).'<

30 20
u.
~
40

iii
~20 10
>- 30
u.
1- o.._ iii
:.t

10 0
20
~">
0 (8)
0

~ 10
~40 <Zl
<Zl u
u c:
c: "'
0..

"'
0..
0
0
1200 1300 1400 1500 1600
0 400200 600 808 POURING TBMP - F
TEMP- P
FIG. 4.012 EFFECT OF POURING TEMPERATURE
FIG. 3. 0311 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SAND
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROP- CAST TEST BARS IN T4 AND T6 CONDI-
ERTIF.S OF CAST TEST BARS IN T4 TIONS
AND T6 CONDn"IONS
(6, p. 200-201) (8, p.104) (9, p. 7)
AIC
NON"FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

REFERENCES
AI I AMS 4230 C. (Aug. IS, 19S8)
4.5 Cu 2 AMS 4231 C, Qune IS, 19S9)
3 AMS 4282 E, Oune IS, 19S9)
+ Si 4 AMS 4283 D, Qune IS, 19S9)
1------...JS Alcoa Structural Handbook, (1958)
Alcoa Alwninum Handbook, (19S9)
195, 8195 ~ Metals Handbook Supplement, (19S5)
8 Reynolds Metals Co., "The Aluminum Data Book, Alwni-
uilm Alloys and Mill Products", (19S8)
9 Van Horn, Kent R. and Heath, Howard J., "Quallty Control
of Aluminwn Alloy Aircraft Castings", Transactions of
Society of Automotive Engineers, Vol. 33, p. 4i2, (1938)
10 Alcoa llesearch Laboratories, "Mechanical Properties at
Various Tempetatures - 195-T6", (Sept. 16, 1958)
 AIC
REVISE() MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

L 'JBNERAL 2,014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2. 014. ~

This non-age harde!lllble aluminum casting alloy contains 2,015 Specific heat at 2!2 F. 0. 23. Bm per (lb F), (9, p. 55). AI
a large amour.t of magnesium ,..h!ch malc.es it stronger, 2.016 Bmlssivity at RT In air. 0. 035 to 0, 07, (10, p. 835). IO Mg
more ductile and more shock resistant at room and low
temperatures than any other cast aluminum alloy. lt also 2.02 Other Physical Properties
possesses excellent macldnablllty and corrosion resistance. 2.021 Density. 0.0931b per cu ln. 2. 57 gr per cu em, (3, p.203).
However, this alloy is very difficult to cast into n sound 2.022 Biectrical resistivity. 3, 23 microhm In at RT, (9, p. 955). 220
high strength condition, because of mlcroporosity, mag- 2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic.
nesium rcactioLB and sensitivity to contamination. The
properties of the alloy also deteriorate at elevated temper- 2.03 Chemical Properties
atures. It is avallable only In form of sand castings. 2.031 Corrosion resistance
2. 03ll General corrosion resistarl".e of this alloy, if properly
LO! Commercla.l Designation. 220. best treated, exceeds thst of other aluminum alloys, par
ticularly in marine atmospheres.
1.02 Alternate Designations. None. 2,0312 Stress corrosion may become a problem if castings are
exjlosed to high loads at elevated temperatures.
1.03 SpecWcations. Table 1. 03. 2.03~ OX!<Iatlon resistance. See 2024.

2,04 Nuclear Properties

3, MECHANICAL PROPBRTIBS

1.04 Composition. Table 1. 04. 3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties

3,0ll AMS specWed and producer's guaranteed mechanical pro-
perties of sand castings In T4 Condition, Table 3, OIL

Source-
-
TAB' B I 04
AMS IJ 'T'ART.R 3 n11
Percent
Min Max AMS (I)
Source Alcoa(2, D. 6lil
copper - 0.2 Allov 22n
Magnesium 9.5 10.6 Form Sand r.asttn""'
Manganese - 0.1 j.f&d!rlnn ~

---
Iron 0.3 I So.:o;tmen tvoe I r.nor tesr bo. rs llTn~ r"""M Avv; a
Sill con 0.2 Fru. min - ksl 42 31.5
Zinc 0.1 - ksl 22 16,5
Titanium - 0.2
Ffl' min
e( In). min -percent 12 -
Other Impurities
-- o.os
e(4 0), min -percent - 3
each Fey min ksl 23 (b) -
---
total 0.15 Fsu min - kat 30 (b)
Aluminum Balance Fbru min-ks! (e/0=2) 88 (b}
Fbrv. min-ks! (e/0=2) 44 (b)
1. OS Heat Trearment. (a) A;erage values for at least .4, preferably 10 specimens
LOS! Anneal or stress relief for dimensional staLlllty. 650 to (b) Alcoa only
750 F, 2 hr.
1.052 Solution tre:!t, 800 to 820 F, 12 to 24ltr, quench In water 3, 02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature. See 3, 03
at lSO to 2!2 F. 2i2 F preler~ed. (R, p. H9). also.
3, 021 Typical mechanlcal properties, Table 3, 021.

1.06 Hardenablllty. This alloy doe~ not possess any apprec!sble TABLB 3 Oll
Source 3, D, !97)
capacity for hardening by heat tteatlng.
Alloy - 220
L 07 Fc;rms and Conditions Avallable !Form Sand eastinv
L 071 Alloy Is avallable only In form of comparatively simple ~and I condition T4

I. <PZ
castings.
It Is supplied onl> ln theT4 Condition.
Ftu, typ
F~, typ
- .;:sl
- ksl
48
26
e( In), typ - sw.rcer1t 16
L 08 Melting and Castbg Pra.ctlce, Althou;,h normal aluminum Fey, typ - ksl 27
alloy melting pructlces are used, IIJis alloy needs spec!sl Fsu typ - ksl 34
measures to Insure freedom from co:~tamlnatlons and Hardness BHN 75
dross.

1. 09 Spec!sl Considerations 3,022 Effect of section thickness on tensHe propOll'ties of speci-

1.091 The properties of cutlngs In this alioy may be greatly mens cut from a casling, Tahie a. 022.
inferior to those of c.ast test bars.
1,092 Bxpocure to temperatures above 200 F for long times TABLB 3 022
causes deterioration of mechanical properties. Source 6 n.5
Allov 220
2. PHYSICAL AND CHBMICAL PROPBRTIBS Condition T4
Form 30 lb sand cast!n
2, 01 Thermal Propert!erl S""tlon thickness - In 0. 5 I 0. 63 2,0
2, 011 Melting range. 840 to 1120 F, (3, p, 203) An Min Avrr Min Avv: Min
2. Ct~ Phas'> change. Alloy .Is subject to precipitation which, No. in avg 7 - I 3 - 4 -
although not causing any appreciable hardening, greatly Ftu - ksl 37,0 34.8134.1 31.7 33.4 31. 3

'" ' :
impai:'s the uUoy's ductility and conoslon r slstance. F
e('21n)
- ksl 26,6
- percent 7,3
25.8 24.6
5.0 6, 7
24.7
4. s
24.3 23.8
6.1 5.0
Thertnal c<>nd.1ctivlty, 5 I Btu 't ~er (hr sq ft Fl e~ i!T 11 p. 203).
' ',,'fi ~ \ ~~ .-.,:
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REV ISED MARCH 1963

~3.023 Avera ge tensil e prope rties of specim

ens cut from castin~;s
of dllier ent t_hl~llsses, Table 3. 023. 15
AllOMg

~
SAND CASTINGS
.
TAill...B 3 0"3 ~
1--,./
220
Saarc e
I.Utov
Condi tion
4, p.57)
220 1/G'
/
BAN COli:'
--
T4
Form

No of spc;clmens 437 1562

Sand cast!Dllll
I Sectio n thickn ess - In 1<0.25 0.25 to 0.50
0.562 to 1.00 1.065 tO 2.0 / LINBAR THBRM.~l
EXPANSION

I
- 1496 328
/
~=~In)
ksl 31.9 32.4 ~;. s FROM RTTO
- lcsl 25.1 25.6 25.1
30.5
24.4 TBMP oo;>lCATBD
- perce nt 6.7 6.6 6.4
-1 5.9 12
-:<oo 0 200 400 600
3.024 Bffec t of expos ure to elevat ed tempe . 'rnM P-F
rature s on tensil e
prope rties of sand ca"t test bars In FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION
T4 Condi tion, Fig.
3.024 .
(3, p. ~05)
3.03 Meclu.n..cal Pl:opc rtles at Vario us Temp
3.031 eratur es
Shorr time tensio n prope rties
3.031 1 Bi'iect of ""P'u r<: aU<i test tempe rature
on tensil e prope r-
t<es of sand cast test bars In T4 Condi
tion, Fig. 3. 0311.
3.032 Short time prope rties odler than tensio
3.033 n
Static stress conce ntratio n effect s

3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture: Prope rties

3.05 Fatigu e Prope rties. See 355.

3.051 Fatigu e streng th of .:sst test bars In
rotati ng beam tests
at SXloH cycles , 8 lcsl, (9, p. 955).

3.06 Blasti c Prope rties

3.061 Modulus of elasti city, 9500 lcsl, (9,
p. 955).
3.062 Modulus of rigidi ty, 3550 lcsl, (9, p.
955).

4. FABRICAT.lON. See 195. Only additi

onal and differ ent In-
forma tion Is llated below.

4.01 Form ing and Castin g

4.0ll The castab illty of this alloy Is very
poor and Inferi or to
that of other cast alumi num alloys .
It Is diffic ult to pro-
duce castin gs which are free from dross
or oxide Inclu-
sions aod poros ity and which are press
ure tight. The mag-
nesium In the alloy has a tenden cy to
react with the mold-
Ing sand. Its fluidit y Is poor, its
solidi ficatio n shrink age
Is high and It has a low resist ance to
.bot crack ing, becau se
of the large meltin g Interv al.
4.012 High purity Is a prereq uisite for good
prope rties In cast-
Ings. This alloy has a tenden cy to be
contam inated , with
silico n and other t'leme nts from reacti
ons durin g meltin g
and castin g.
4.013 B!!ec t nf pourin g tempe rature on tensil
e pro~rties of
sand c.1st test hua ln T4 Condition,
Fig. 4. 013.
4.02 Mac~Jnlng. The mach.tnablll
ty of the alloy Is excell ent and
super lorto that of other high streng
th alumi num alloys .
It can be machined at extrem ely high
speed s.
4.03 Welding
4.031 Gener al. The weldahlll ty of this alloy
Is good, If specia l
techni ques are used.
4.032 Fusio n welding Is pre.ferahly perfo rmed
by the inert gas
shield t'd metal lic arc method. Gas
weldin g chara cteris tics
of the alloy are fair.
4.033 Resis tance welding of this alloy can
be done using specia l ~ 20

;
techni ques.
4.034 Press ure welding Is not recom mend
4.035 ed.
Brazin g of the alloy is not possib le but
solde ring can be
done using specia l techni ques.
400 6:JO 800
4.04 Heatin g and Heal Treat ing. No specia
l preca utions are TBMP - F
neede d In heat treati ng this alloy.
FIG. 3. 024 EFFE CT OF EXPOSURE
TO ELEV ATED
TEMP ERAT URES ON TENS ILE PROP
ERTIES
OF SANlJ CAST TEST BARS IN T4
CONDITION
(5)

CODE 3103
 AIC
REV I SED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

\.,..__...'
Al-IOMg
SAND CAST TEST
BARS
~----~~.-+---~T~4~C~O~ND~~ 40
220

~
Llol~~-~----.J 20 11.

-20~----~~~--
g,j

~
11. 10 ~----4---.-j..:~,----,
BXPOSURB
0 1/2 HR
0 IOOHR
.& 1000 HR
0

~40

i 0
0 200 400 600 800

TBMP- F
FIG. 3. 0311 BFFBCT OF BXPOSURB AND TEST
TBMPBRATURB ON TBNSILB FROPBRTIBS
OF SAND CAST TBST BARH IN T4 CONDITION
(5)

REFERENCES

l AMS 4240 C, Qune 15, 1959)

2 Alcoa Structural Handbook, (1958)
3 Alcoa Aluminum Handbook, (1959)
4 Metals Handbook Supplement, (Aug. 15, 1955)
5 Alcoa !'~search Laboratories, "Data Sheet", (Aug. I,
1957)
6 Paine and Stewart, "Mechanical Properties of Aluminum
Alloy Castings", AFS Transactions, Vol. 63, (1955)
7 Van Horn, Kent R. =nd Heath, Howard J., "Quality Con-
trol of Aluminum Alloy Aircraft Castings, Transactions
POURING TBMF - F of Society of Automot!ve Engineers, Vol. 3J, p.4-12,
FIG. 4. 013 BFFBCT OF POURING TEM- (1938)
PBRATURB ON TENSILE PROPERTIES 8 Reynolds Metals Co., "The Aluminum Da!a Book-Aluminum
OF SAND CAf>T TBST BARS IN T4 Alloys and Mill Products", (1958)
CONDITION 9 American Society for Metals, "Metals Handbook", Vol. l,
(7, p. 7) 8th Ed (1961)
10 American Society for Metals, "Metals Handbook", (1948)

CODE :.::\10:.::\
 Alv
I
....
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1.06 HardenahUlty. 9'tenchlng In boiling water followed by

i. GENERAL aging develops full bardenlng In all commerclal sizes of
AI
Tbls heat trearable aluminum casting alloy Is one oi: two
alloys whose properties are primarily determined by its
castlngB. 5 Si
high sUlcon content In combination with magnesium. 355
and Its high purity premium strength variety C 355 also 1.07 Forms and Conditions AvaUable '1.3 Cu
1.071 3551s avaUable In sand and permanent mold castingB, usu-
contain copper which makes them stro11ger but less ductile ally without any restrictions as to sbape, size and suction 0.5 Mg
and corrosion resistant than the other alloy of this group,
thickness.
356. The general properties of these alloys are very sim- C 355 Is avaUable prlmarUy In form of permanent mold
ilar. They are distinguished' by exceptional castabllity and 1.072
castlngB as "premium strength structural castings" with
pressure tightness, high corrosion resistance and good
properties, to be negotiated, depending upon the casting
355, C355
weldablllty. 355 Is avaUsble In form of sand and perma-
design.
nent mold castings, while C 355 is primarily a P.rmanent
1.073 Conditions avaUable, Table 1. 073.
mold casting alloy. Data In the following paragraphs
applies to 355 unless specifically noted C 355,

1. Oi Commercial Designations. 355 and C 355.

I. 02 Alternate Designations. None.

1. 03 Speclflcations. Table 1. 03.

1.08 Melting and Casting Practices. 1biB alloy can be melted
TABLE i 03
Mtl and Fed and cast by all common aluminum alloy practices without
MS Allov Form
any special considerations, see 4. 01.
4210 F 355 jeastlngs, sand(T5i Cond QQ-A-6016
4212 E 355 ~astlngs, sand (T6 Cond)
1. 09 Special Considerations
4214 D 355 ~astmgs, sand (T71 Coni)
4280 E 355 ~astlngs, permanent
mold (T71 Cond)
~atlngs, permanent QQ-A-5966 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIBS
4281 c 355
mold (T6 Cond)
2.01 Tbermsl Properties
4215 A c 355 Premium grade castings MIL-C-21180
A< ASCI' 2.011 Melting range. 1015 to 1150 F, (8, p. 203).
2.012 l'base cbanges. Alloy Is subject to precipitation.
2.013 Thermal conductivity, Table 2. 013.
1.04 Composition. Table 1. 04.
TABLE 2.013
!Source 8 D.203\
TABLB I 04 ~!loy Condition Thermal conductivity
Source AMS (1)12lC3lC4ll5l MIL:IIilAMs 1171 Btu ft ner Chr sn f~ .il.__
Alloy 355 c~5 355 T51 97
Percent Percent T6,T6J 82
Min 'Max Min Max T7 94
Copper 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.5
Magnesium 0.4 0.60 0.40 0.60 2. 014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2. 014.
Manganese-
Iron -- 0.6
o:
50 -- 0.10
0.20
2.015
2. 016
Specific heat. 0.23 Btu per (1.b F), at 212F. \15, p.956).
Emissivity In air at room temperature. il. 035 to 0. 07,
4.5 5.5 ( 16, p. 837).
Silicon 4.5 5.5
"Zinc -- 0.30
0.25
-- 0.10
0.20
2. 02
2.021
Other Physical Propertiell
Density. o.0981h per cu In, 2. 71 gr per cu em, (8, p.203).
Titanium
Chromium
Other Impurities
- 0.25 - - 2. 022 Electrical resistivity. Table 2. 0221.

each
toral
-- 0.05
0.15
-- 0.05 0.15
Aluminum Balance Balance

1.05 Heat 1reatment

1.051 Anneal (Stress relief) for dimensional stability. 650 to
750F, 2hr.
1.052 Solution heat treatment and artlflclal a)!ing, Table I. 052.
TABLE I 052 2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic.
ISnnrcP (a n,2;2llt3 n.89 90l
Sand dnd/or ST Artlficlal Age
2.03 Chemical Properties
Condition permanent mok i WO at 15 -~12 F 2,031 Corrosion resistance
TemnF Tlme-R1 TemnF ime-hT'
"""tlnas 2.0311 The general corrosion resistance of this alloy Is good, al
T4 S. C. and P. M.C 965-985 12 --- --- though It Is Inferior to that of 356 because of its ,,,pper
T51
T6
S.C. and P. MC
s.c.
---
970990 12
-430-450
3~0-320
7 -9
3 -5
content.
2. 0312 This alloy Is resistant to stress corrosion or stress
T6 P.M. C. 970-990 8 300-320 3 -5
8- 10 cracking.
T61 S.C. 965985 12 300320
330-350 14- 18 2 0313 Welding does not affect the corrosioo resistance if 4043
T62 P.M. C. 970-990 8
12 430-450 3 -5 (Al-5SI) welding wire Is used.
T7 S.C. 970990
970-990 12 430-450 7 -9 2.032 Oxidation resistance. See 2024.
T7 P.M. C.
Til S.C. 970-990 12 465-485 4- 6
465485 4- 6 2.04 Nuclear Properties
I ~~g:~~g
T71 P.M. C. 8
C:35ST61 12 300-320 10- 12
"" r
212 F preferred . MECHANICAL PROPBRTIES
3.
.. Exact tlme Influenced by foundry variables and may have to be
adjusted from experience.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

3.01 SpecWed Mechanical Properties

AI 3.0ll AMS specified and producers' minimum mechanical pro-
perties for 355, Table 3. on.
5 Si
TABLE 3 011
1.3 Cu AMS (S)
A~r)
AMS(2)
A~r)
AMS(5)
Source
0.5 Mg 7,p.621
7,o.62 7,p.62 7,p.621 7,p.62 7,p.621 7,p.62 7,p.62
Allov 355
Form Sand cas tin 1!8 l>e;:;;;-;;;oM castln~
355, C355 Condition T51 T6 T61 T7 T71 T51 "T6 "1"62 'T'7 T
Specimen Csst From Cast From Csst test Csst From Cast Cast From Csst test Cast From
type test casting test casting bars test casting test test casting bars test casting
bars Avg(a) bars Avg(a) bars Avg(a) bars bars AVIZ{a)- bars Avg(a)-
F1:1.1 min - icsi 25 18.75 32 24 36 35 30(b). 22.5 27 37 27.7 42 34 25.5
36
F~, min - icsi i8(b) - 20 15 31 32 22 (b) - 22 23 17 37 27 27 20

-- - --
- - - - --
- -
-- -
---
e( in), min - percent 2 I. 5
e(4D), min- percent - -
0.5
-
- - 0.25 - - 0.4 -
--
Fey min - icsi 18(b) - 21(b) 33 34 23(b)
'- 22 23(b) 37 27 27
Fsu min
Hardness, BHN
- lcsi 19(b) - 24(b) -
28 25 21 (b) 22 26(b) 34 27 26 -
(500 kg, IOmm)

-- - -- - -- -- - --
-- --
min 55 65 65 80 70
max - 95 -
(a) Average values for at least 4, preferably 10, specimem
- 86 - 110 95

(b) Alcoa only.

3.012 Producers' minimum mecbanical properties fo:- C 355, 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
Table 3. 012. 3.021 Typical mechanical properties of cast rest bars, Table
3.021.
TABLE 3 012
l~nurrP 64\MI .16\ TABLE 3 021
llnv r.355 Source 8 o.!97)(9, o.l98
ll'nrm Permanent mold cnstimzs Allov 355 IC355
lr:nndltln~ T61 Form Sand castiiU!S Perm mold castitlfl8
Specimen From ~~~stings Soecimen t'VDe ast test brs
Tvne (a) (c) Condition T51 T6 T7IT7t T51 T6 T62 T71 T61
Fw. min -ksi 37 41 44 Fru. typ -
icsi 28 35 38 T35 30 42 45 36 46
F~, min
~ in), min
-ksi
-ksi
30
I
31
3
33
3
Fty. typ -
icsi
e(2 in), typ -percent
23 25 36 29 24
1.5 3 0.5 1.5
27 40
2 4.0 1.5
31 34
3 6

--
~~f.: min
min
-ksi 30 - Fey. typ -
icsi 24 26 38 30 24 27 40 31 36
-
--
-ki 26 Fsu. typ icsi 22 28 28 26 24 34 36 27 32
(a) Individually cast specimens. Hardness .. BHN 65 80 85 75 75 90 105 85 100
(b) Cut from designs ted location in casting.
(c) Must be negotiated with foundry.

3,013 MIL-C-2ll80 (ASG) specified tensile properties of spec!- 3,022 Effect of diameter o! cylindrical sand castings on tensile
men cut from castings, Table 3. 013. properties of specimen machined from the castings, Table
3.022.
TABLB 3 013
Source Utt IM TABLE 3 022
IAlloy 355c Source 9, p.58)
Form Special mold, perm mold or Alloy 355
sand castings Form Sand cast cvllndrlcal bar
on on T I ICondition T51 6
Section Testba
Specimen location Designated Any 3/4 1/4 3,'4 ~1/4 Testba 3/4 1/4 13,'4 1/4
in casting thickness-in 0.505 0.505
Class I n III X XI XII Fru - ksi 34.8 29.0 26.9 3.2 21.3 27.1 27.3 122-0 19.1 18.1
Fru. min - icsi 41 44 50 41 37 35 Fty - icsl 23.4 3,0 22,2 20.8 20.8 - 24.6 ~0.3 18.8 17.7
Fty min - icsi 31 33 40 31
3
30
1
28 i!:.- percent 3. 3 1.7 1.0 l.Q 1.0 I. 3 1.0 1.0 -1.0
e, min .. percent 3 3 5 1
Obtainable only in a favorable casting configuration and must be 3.023 'IYpical tensile properties of specimen cut from 355 Tb
negotiated with the foundry. sand castings of different thickness, Table 3. 023.

3.014 AM5 specified tensile properties for C355, Table 3.014. TABLB 3 023
TABLE 3 u14 Source 9 n;57
source AMS I Aliov 355
Aliov AI -5Si- . 3r.u-O. 5M~r Form Sand CIIStinV!I

Form T'""' of mold not restricted ondltion T6

Condition elution and orccipitatlon heat treated Section hltkness-ln <1 8 8 toiM ~to 2 U2to_M_ I:Wto

--
Specimen type a\ (b) Fru icsi 36.5 36.0 36.0 35. < I 33.o
Ftu
F~,
min
min
-ksi
-ksi
35
28
37
30 :tro> ki
- perrent
26.0
4.5
25.75
4.0
25.5
4.0
25.0
3. 5
2~-~I
.. ' -.
~ in) min-percent 2 I
(a) Specimen cut from any area of casting. 3.024 'IYpical tensile properties of specimen cut from premium
(b) Cast specimen. strength structural castings, Table 3. 024.

CODE 3104 I
 AIC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

4.01 Forml.og and Casting

TARI.B 3.024
4.011 Melting of alumtnum casting alloys ls readily done by all AI
Source 10 p.A)
common methods. Gas and oil fired furnaces are most com-
Al!<>Y c 355 mon, and the low frequency induction furnace Is also be 5 Si
Form Premium atrerurth caatini!S coml.og widely used. The furnace may be the 11ft out re
Condition T61 fractory crucible type or it may be stationary or tilting.
1.3 Cu
a al Cb\
Special considerations In melting must be given to tbe ease 0.5 Mg
.-
Ptu kal ~3 47 so wlth which aluminum combines wlth oxygen, hydrogen and
Fey l:ol 34 36 38 comm~n metallic materials. To prevent absorption of iron
e -percent 4 6 7 from cast iron tools, these should be coated by a protec-
(a) Produced In all or part of casting (as desired) tive material. Silicon pickup by reduction of firebrick used 3 55, C355
(b) Must be negotiated with foum'ry as beartb Jlnings can be very harmfuL High alumina Jlnings
reduce thlS difficulty.
4.012 Hydrogen readily dissolves in molten aluminum from mois-
ture in all forms and from hydrocarbons. It ls liberated
3.03 Mechanical Pr!!J1!:rtie& at Various Tem~ratures durl.og solldlfication causl.og harmful porosity. Gas absorp
3.031 Short time tension properties tion increases with lnc~easlng temperature of the molten
3.0311 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper- aluminum and wltn increasl.og time held at temperature.
ties of 355 sand cast test bars In T51 Condition, Fig. 3. 0311. Any increased contact surface between molten metal and
3.0312 Effect of exposure and teat temperature on tensile proper- hydrogen forml.og gases, particularly that caused by stlr-
ties of 355 cast te&t bars In T7 and Til Conditions, rl.og, also Increases gas absorption.
Fig. 3. 0312. 4.013 Dross forms as a result of oxidation and It may be trapped
3.0313 Effect of exposure and teat temperature on tensile proper- In the metal and cause defects In the Clljlting, because Its
ties of c. 355 sand cast test bars In T61 Condition, Pig. density ls slightly higher than that of aluminum.
3.0313. 4.014 The oxide film on till! aluminum melt, however, gives an
3.032 Short time properties otber than tension excellent protection against further oxidation and gas ab-
3.033 Static stress concentration effects sorption. On casting, the metal should flow steadily and
for a minimum distance to maintain the oxide layer and
3.04 Creel! and Creel! Ru~ Pro~rties thus avoid dross Inclusions.
3.041 Creep and creep rupture curves at 400 and 600 F for 4.015 Gaseous or solid fiuxes are generally used to remove hy-
3_55 ""!'~.cast test bars In T51 Condition, ?ig. 3. 041. drogen and dross from the melt. F lushlng with gasevJs
3.042 Creep and creep ruprure curves at 212 to 400 F, for 355 fluxes, such as chlorine and nitrogen may be used for
sand cast test bars In '171 Condition, Fi ... 3. 042. this purpose. Solid fluxes are introduced into the melt
3.043 Creep and creep ruprure curves at 300 to 500 p for c 355 to form either a gas or a liquid protective coating on top
permanent mold test bars in T61 Conditlon,Pig. 3. 043. of the melt after thoroughly stlnlng the metaL This ll
3.044 Master curves for creep rupture of 355 c:>st test bars In quid may be either inert or re.-.cdve. Genera'.ly, the metal
T71 Condition, Fig. 3. 044. is heated to 1250 to 1400 F before adding fiul<. After fiux-
l.og, the melt must be allowed to settle for 10 to 20 minutes
3.05 Fatigue Properties to allow the nux to ficnt to the top, while the temperature
3.051 Altllough average values are reported by tile producers for of the liquid is adjusted to the pourlug temperature.
different alloys, forms and conditions, as given below, 4. 016 355 and C 355 have excellent .::nstabUI.ty. These alloys also
the fatigue properties of cast alloys vary g1:eat1y according have excellent fiu!dlty, low solldiflc:stion shrlnksge ten-
to the quality to the wsting. It Is suggested, therefore, dency, high resistance to hot cracJ.dng ond good pressure
that identical values be used for all heat treated aluminum tightness. The alloys are suitable for very Intricate
sand casting alloys. The values for permanent mold cast- castings, containing thin and vad:ible sections and sudden
lngB are somewhat higher than those for sand castings. For section changes.
design applications allowance must be also made for the 4.017 castings can be straightened In either the F or T4 Condi-
effect of stress raisers. tion.
3.052 Scatterbands for fatigue strength on heat treated cast alloy
test bars, F lg. 3. 052. 4.02 Machining. The machlna1Jllity of this alloy Is good, but it
3.053 Average stress range diagrams for heat treated 355 snnd Is Inferior to that of thf, low sllicon aluminum C4stlngs.
cast test bars, Fig. 3. 053. The relntively large amount of sllicon malces the alloy ab-
3.054 Typical fatigue strength of cast test bars at room and ele- rasive to carbon ste':l and high speed steel tools, while
vnted temperatures, Table 3. 054. the alloy can be 1111.cblned satlsfactorly w!th cemeoted car
bide tools. It will machlne best U the speeds and cuts are
TABLE 3 054 reduced and the rake angles Increased compared to those
Source -unlin. nm used for other 1.Uumlnum alloys.
Form Cast test bars
Stress PatlgUe strength - ksl 4.03 Welding
Corxlitlon ~em Metl10d ~tlo
Alloy
. Til
F

RT Rot beam "' -1 21

5
at Cycles
6 7
A'R 10 10 10 10 5x1rf
15 12 II
8
10.5
4. 031 GeiiCriif. "r.te alloy possesses better properties wlth re
spec-t to fv.sion and resistance welding than most other
alumlnol'l casting alloys.
355 4.032 Fusion welding can be done by all common methods. I!
(Sand 300 18 14 11 10 9.5
strens'Jl In the welded area Is no problem, 4043 (Al-SSl)
cast) 400 ~ot load 17 13 9.5 7.! 7
14 10 7 5 4.5 weldJog wire can be used. The weld ares should be an-
500
28 19 16 14.! 14 neal"', U welding ls done In a heat treated condition.
c 355 T6l RT Rot beam
4.033 ReJistance welding Is possible wlth this alloy.
(Perm 300 27 18 3.5 12.! 12
400 Rot load 24 16.5 2 10 9 4.034 Pr<!ssure welding Is not recommended.
mold)
sao 18 ll5 7.5 5. 5 4.035 Brazing of the alloy Is not possible, but soldering can be
done usl.og special tecl>.nlques.

4.04 Heating and Heat Treating

3.06 Blastic Properties
4.05 Surface Treating
3.061 Modulus of elasticity. 10, 200 kal.
3.062 Modulus of rigidity. 3, 800 ks>..

4. FABRICATION
AIC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

/0
14
AI Al-SSI-1. 3Cu-O. 5Mjt A1-SSI-I. 3Cu-O. 5Mg
SAND CAST TBST BARS
5 Si
"'IE"' 1s
eOYA 171 COND
~ 17 COND
1.3
0.5
Cu
Mg i!i
m
L----~ i!:j12 /
v
355, C355'f
2
/
v MEAN COBF UNBAR
TIIBRMAL EXPANSION
rr.~~~~::;Jg TBM~
II -200 0 200 400 600 800 I

TBMP - I' i=20

FIG. 2. 014 TIIBRMA.L EXPANSION
(8, p.205) "'
0

~400L_.~_=2Loo~::~o~lc;2~oo~~~~~~~---J8oo
TEMP - F
FIG. 3. 0312 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF 355 CAST TEST BARS IN 17
AND 171 CONDITIONS (11)(13, p.105, 109)

10 0
EXPOSURE
1/2 HR}
0 100 HR (12)
O A IOOOHR
.... 10000 HR (13)

800

FIG. 3. 0311 BFI'BCT OF EXPOSURE MID TBST TBMI'BRATURB ON

TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS OF 355 SAND CAST TBST BARS IN TSI
CONDmON (12)(!3, p. !04)
 AIC
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

acu-o.
5Mg (C 355)
60 50
Al-5SI-l. JCuU. 5Mg AI
AISSI-1. _ _!_RUPTURE
SAND C~ST TEST BARS
5 Si

'
CAST TBST BARS
40 ---1% } T71COND-
T61COND
t---.._ 50
---0.5% CREEP
1.3 Cu
-----0.2%
~ Fro
~ 30
212 F
0.5 Mg
~
~ 1-- _--;;;

t- ,....__ .;:;: 300F

\~
~ t;.---
--- --== 355, C355

---
20
r--. -- ---::::-
------: ~p

'~ \ --- ----

15

20

1\, l
10
10 100 1000
I0 'fn.1E HR
FIG. 3.042 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES AT

'-'--- ~\' -
212 TO 400 F FOR 355 SAND CAST TEST
~ BARS IN T71 CONDITION
p~ 0
(II)
30
ELEVATED TEMP
FTY
HXPOSURE
e112 HR
0100 HR
\b
:6. IOOOHR \

10
K\
0
~
~
l(.o
e(2 IN)
.Atr. . ~
0
400 -200 0 200 400 600

TEMP F
FIG. 3, 0313 EFFBCT OF BXPOSORE AND TBST TEMPERATURE
ON C 355 SAND CAST TEST BARS IN T61 CONDITION
(10, p. B)

20
i!l5SII. JCu-0, 5Mg
__I_ RUn-uiE
SAND CAST TEST BARS
---1% } T51 COlD
- - - 0.5% CREBP
------ 0. 2% 400F
10
8

6
~-
1- --
HEATBD 100 DAYS AT
--..:: ...--:::::-::---
--~ ,... --
.........
.
...........
400 F BEFORB TEST
4

_ -- ~
~t=.:-:._--- 600 F

__-...
...

2
~
-- ---
-- ~
HEATED 41'1JAYS
AT 600 F BTORE TEST - 400F

I%.~----~~----~1~0------~100~----~1000
1.0 10 100 1000
TIME HR TIMB- HR
FIG. 3, 043 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES AT 300 TO
FIG. 3.041 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES AT 500 F FOR C 355 PERMANENT MOLD TEST BARS
400 AND 600 FOR 355 SAND CAST TEST BARS
(10, p.B)
IN T51 CONDITION
(12)

r-.. - - - -.....
AIC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

AI 60~------~------r--~~-~~I-~1.~3C~u~~.5~Mg~
TBSTBARS
5 Si --SAND CAST
- - PBRM MOLD CAST
1.3 Cu T71COND
0.5 Mg

355, C355
T-TBMP, P
t TIMB, HR

uL-------~~6-------2~o------~2~5------~u
10

(T + .c60) (25 + LOG t) 103

PIG. 3. 044 MASTBR CURVES POll CRBBP RUP'IURB OP
355 CAST TBST BARS IN T71 CONDmON
(14, p. 32, 33)

Al-~1-1. 3Cu-O. 5Mg

40
ICAST ALLOYS
-l'f::.--1-------i TBST BARS
HBAT TRBATBD
SAND CAST

a.arBBAM
0
I02
NOOP CYCLBS
PIG. 3.052 SCATTBRI'ANDS POR PATIGUB STRBNGTH OP
HBAT TRBATBD CAST ALLOY TBST BARS REFERENCES
(9, p. 59)
I AMS 4210 F, (Jon. 15, 1959)
2 AMS 4212 E. (Jan. IS, 1959)
3 AMS 4214 0, (Jan. 15, 1959)
4 AMS 4280 E. (Jan. IS, 1959)
5 AMS 4281 C, (Jan. 15, 1959)
~ Ur-~------~----~------~----~~~--,
6 MILC-21180 A (ASG)
12 7 Alcoo Structural Handbook, (1958)
8 Alcoo Aluminum Handbook, (1959)

~
8 9 Metals Handbook Supplement, (1955)
10 Alumlr.um Co. of America, Sale_ .)evelopment Division,
0 "Premium Strength Structural Cabtlngs", (Jan. 21, 1959)
II Alcoo Research Laboratories, "[.;~:a Sheet", (Sept. 9,1957)

~r= 4 12 Alcoa Research Laboratories, "Doth Sheet", (Msrch 16,

1956)
5xlo8 CYCLBS 13 Reynolds Metals Co., 'The Aluminum Data Book Alum!
I num Alloys and Mill Products", (1958)
DIRBCT STRBSS
:.1 0 14 Heimer, Geroge J., "Time-Temperature Paramerers and
-4 0 4 8 12 16 an Application to Rupwre and Creep or Aluminum Alloys",
MEAN STRBSS - K.SI NACA TN 3195, (June 1954)
15 American Society for Metals, "Metals Handbook", 8th Ed.,
PIG. 3. 053 AVBRAGB STRBSS RANGB DIAGRAMS POll HBA.T (1961)
TRRA::rno 355 SAND CAST TBST BARS 16 American Society for Metals, "Metals Handbook", 7th Ed.,
(8) (1948)
17 AMS 4215A, (Jan.15, 1962)
 AIC
REVISED: DECEMBER 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AUTHOR: JOHN G. SESSLER

1. GENERAL 'l'\RT.'F. LR!<'.!

Aluminum& 356 and A356 are heat treatable aluminum- Source (17)
silicon-magnesium casting alloys whose properties are Data Typical Heat Treatment
AI
primarily determined by a high silicon content in com- Solution Heat Art1ficlal
h1nation with magnesium. 356 Is the conventional cast Treatment Aging
7 Si
alloy, wblle castings of A356 are classified as premium Alloy Method of Temp Time Temp Time 0.3 Mg
quality castings, which are guaranteed to meet a speci- and Casting F Hours jQuench F Hours
fied high level of mechanical properties. Premium Cond!Uon (a) (h) (c) (a) (d)
quality results from low impurity content (lower amount 356-T6 ISand 11000 12 !Water 310 3-5
of iron) and advanced foundry practices. 356-T7 Sand 1000 12 !water 400 3-5
356-'1'51 Sand - - - 440 7-9 356,A356
Both 356 and A356 possess excellent castability, pressure 356-T71 Sand 1000 12 lwuer 475 2-4
tightness, and resistance to hot cracking. Fluidity Is 356-T6 Permanent Mold 1000 8 lwater 310 a-..s
good and the tendency toward shrinkage Is low. Rests- 356-T7 Permanent Mold 1000 8 lwater 440 7-9
tance to corrosion by salt spray Is high. Weldahillty Is
good by fusion techniques if proper procedures are em- A356-T6 Sand 1000 12 !water 310 2-5
ployed. A356 exhibits higher teDllile strength and ducti- A356-T6 Permanent Mold 1000 8 lwater 310 3-5
lity thnn does the 356 alloy. A356-T61 Permanent Mold 1000 8-10 lwater 320 8-10
(a) Variation of temperature in furnace should not exceod plus
356 Is availahle in the form of sand and permau:!lt mold or minus 10F.
castings, wblle A356 Is primarily a permanent mold (b) Soaking time required for average casting. Time can be
casting alloy. Dnta in the following sections pply to decreased or may have to be increased as demonstrated
356 unless specifically noted A356. by experience.
(c) Water temperature from 150 to 212F. 212),' is preferred to
1.01 Commercial DeslgnaUon minimize dlntortion.
356 (d) Exact time Is best established by experience to obtain typical
A356 properties.

1.02 Alternate Designation 1.06 Hardness

ASTM SG70A (356 alloy). (see Tnhles 3.011 and 3.0212)
ASTM SG70B (A356 alloy) (37). 1.061 Quencbing In boiling water followed by aging develops
full hardening In all commercial sizes of castings.
1.03 SpecllicaUons 1.062 liardness o! sand and permanent mold castings, Tahle
Tahle 1.03. 1.062.

TABLE 1 062
TABLE 1.03 Source (27) (31) T (8)
Similar Specification IAlloy Form Ttarilness, BHN (500 kg, lOmm ball)
AMS Allov Furm
42170
4260B
356-T6
356-T6
I
Castings, sand
Castings, Investment
QQ-A-601, Class 3M 356-T51
356-T71
Sand Cast
Sand Cast
60
-
60
-
60
60
1
356-T5l Castings, Investment 356-T6 Sand Cast 70 70 70
4261
356-T6 Castings, permanent mold QQ-A-596, Class B 356-T7 Sand Cast 75 - 75
42840
356-T6 Castings, centrifugal 356-T6 PM Cast* 80 - 80
4285
4286A 356-T51 CasUnl!s oermanent mold 356-T7
A356-T61
PM Cast
PM Cast
70
90 80
- 70
90
4218B A35G Castings, premium grade MIL-A-21180B
* PM - Permanent mold
Mllitarv or Federal specification. ** Hardness values determined from standard 1/2 inch diameter
test specimens, individually cast In green sand or permanent
molds.

1.04 Composition 1.07 Forms ant! C"'ld!Uone Avai:ohle

Tahle 1.04. 1.071 356 Is availiwl;-ln sa.ld, p;)iii'ii;;cnL mold, and centri-
fugal casting.:, usuaRy wi.>.~.,.,L nny restrictions ns to
TABLE 1.04 shape, size, "lr soctlttn U1!t;kncss.
1.072 !\355 Is av;ilin.ble prlmnrll.y In the form of permanent
Source AMS (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) MlL (6), AMS (19) mold "premium strength structural castings" with prop-
Alloy 356 A35G erties to he negcUat<-J with producer. Sand castings,
Percent Percent however, are alset produced as premium grade castings.
Minimum M!lldmum Mlnhnum Maximum 1.073 CondiUons avallnhlc, Tahle 1. 073.
Copper - U.20 - G.20 r
Magnesium 0.20 0.40 0.20 0.40 Source 7
Mang-.tncsc - 0.30 - 0.10 Alloy ~orm Conditions Avnilnhlc
Iron - 0.60 - 0.20 356 Sar.d cast F, T51, T6, T7, T71
~!Iicon
Zinc
0.5
--
7.5
0.30 I 6.5- 7.5
0.10
Permanent Mold F, T51, T6, T7

~it:mlum
pther imJmriticM
0.20 - 0.20 A356 Sand Cast
Permanent Mold
T6
T6, T61
each - 0.05 - 0.05
total - O.i5 - 0.15
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
\luml:uum Balance Balance
1.081 The 356 alloy can be melted and cast using conventional
aluminum alloy pracllces without any special cnnsldcru-
tions.
1.082 Premi1Jm quality castings of the A356 alloy are l,'ll:tran-
1.05 llea.t Treatment tced t.-. meet a specified high level of mechanical prop-
1.051 Anneal (stress relieve) for dimensional stabii!Ly. 650F, erties as measured by uslnglcsl bars cut !rom specllied
2 hours, air cool (17). locations w!Lhin the heal ;.Teated casting (24). To obtain
1.052 Solution treatment and artificial al(ing, Table 1. 052. these superior properties, Improved casting techniques
Allv

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: DECEMBER 1969

need to be employed, which Include: 2.03 Chemical Properties '--./

AI 1) The use of high purity Ingot (!ow Iron content). 2.031 General. The general corrosion and atmospheric
2) Adequate degassing and pruper melting. weathering resistance of 356 and A356 Is very good,
7 Si 3) Streamlined gating design to avoid turbulence and comparable to pure aluminum In this respect. The
aspiration of mold gases. alloys may be used In industrial and seacoast atmos-
0.3 Mg 4) The use of a sufficient number of risers to pheres Without protection (27). They also e.xhiblt ex-
adequately feed the casting, cellent resistance to stress-corrosion cracking. There
5) lJberal use of chills to control solidification rate are no known Instances of fnllure by sLress corrosion
and provide directional. solidification. In service applications or In laboratory tests employing
G) The use of proper heat treatment to develop maxi-
356,A356 mum properties.
3.5 percent NaCl alternate lmmerslon.
2.032 Electrolytic solution potential versus N/10 Calomel
1.083 Melting of premium quality Ingots Is normally performed Electrode (solution: 53 gr NaCl + 3 gr H2Ciz). 356-TC
In sUicon carbide crucibles (rather than In Iron pots) to (sand-cast) 0. 82 volt (17),
minimize the possibU!ty of Iron pickup. lron skimming 2.033 These alloys are subject to corrosion when exposed to
tools used for dross removal should be coated with a hydrazlne or UDMH (unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazlne)
suitable refr;;.ctory wash of clay, lime or With a similar In the presence of moisture. Initially corrosive attack
refractory sodium-sUlcate binder (33). Is very severe wlt.'l a gradual build up of a passive film,
1.084 Effect of pouring temperature on grain size, Figure after which the rate of attllck Is reduced. Passivation
1.084. In a 30 percent solution of UDMH for 2 hours at 170-
1.085 Fluxing procedures for' premium quality castings are 180F renders the surfaces resistant to attack by dilutcc!
essentially the same as those used In normal aluminum UDMH at room temperature. Resistance Is also ob-
melting practice (36). tained by sulfuric acid anodizing and, to n lesser extent,
1.086 A more detailed discussion of melting and casting by chromic acid anndlzlng (32).
procedures for premium quality parts Is given In
Reference 24. 2.04 Nuclear Properties
2.041 Effect of neutron radlntlon on tensile properties of
1.09 Special Considerations cast test bars, Table 2. 041.
1.091 (See 1. 082 for special considerations concerning pre-
mium quality castings ~~ A.356 alloy.) TABLE 2 041
source (25) (34)
Alloy 356
2. PHYSICAL ANlJ CHEMICAL PROPERTmS Irradiation .:nte&ratod Ftu F e(2 Inches)
Temperature Neutron Flux ksi k!r percent
2.01 Thermal Properties F n cm- 2 * A B A B A B
2.011 Melting range. - 2.4 X lO~U 32.4 44.3 24.1 42.4 2.7 0.4
356 alloy 1035 to 1135F - 1.2 x 1020 32.4 54.0 24.1 51.0 2.7 0.9

2.012
A356 alloy 1035 to l130F (17).
Phase changes. Alloy~ are subject to preclpltatloa.
-
120
2.Gx 1~21 32.4 45.0 24.1
2.04 x 1019 33.1 36.7 26.0
36.0
29.1
2.7
4.0
1.5
6.0
2.0121 Tlme-temperature-tr ansformatlon diagrams, 120 1.22 x 1o2o 33.1 42.0 26.0 33.5 4.0 6.0
2.013 Thermal conductivity, Table 2.013. 120 s.s9 x 1020 33.1 45.1 26.0 42.5 4.0 6.0
120 9. 84 x 102 33.1 54.4 26.0 52.1 4.0 3.0
TABLE 2 013 * Fast neutrons.
Source (17) (27) A - Not Irradiated
I AllOy Conatuon Thermal conductivity at Room B - lrradlatod
TemperatureBtu ft per(hr sq ft F)
356 TSl 97 2.042 Comparison of mechanical properties before and after
T6 87 nuclear radiation at -420F, Table 2. 042.
T6* 92 TABLE 2 042
T7 90 Source (30)
A356 T6 87 oy A356-T6 Cast Plate
* ChU cast samples - all other samples cast In Test Pre and Post Irradiation Data at -420 F
green sand molds. Specimen Irradiate
Type Control (average) Percent
2.014 Property (b) (average) (n) Change Change
Thermal expansion, Figure 2.014.
2.015 Specific heat, 0. 23 Btu per (lb F) at 212F (18). Ftu -ksl L 44.7 52.8 + 8.1 +18 (c)
2.016 Thermal dlffusivlty. Fty -ksl L 31.0 42.8 +11.8 +38 (c)
e -percent L 1.5 1.4 - 0,1 - 7
2.02 Other Physical Properties_ RA -pcrccilt L 2.8 0,8 - 2.0 -72 (c)
2.o:n Density, 0.097 lb per cu In; 2.68 gr per cu em (17). Feu -ksl L 50.4 45.6 - 4.8 -10 (c)
;..022 Electrical properties. Notch Strength - ksl L 39.7 43.2 + 3.5 + 9
2.0221 Electrical resistivity, Table 2.0221. CKt =6.3)
Notch/Unnotch
TABLE 2 0221
Source (18, p, 957)
Strength ratio (d) L 0.89 0.82 - -
Condltl<>n Uoctrlca.l Reslstl~lty at Room (a) frradlated at 5 x 1Ql6 nvl (E>1, 0 Mev) In llquld hydrogen.
Temperature; Mic.rohm Inch (b) L =longitudinal specimen
T51 1.60 (c) Statistically slgnlflcwtt change; probablllty>Q. 90.
T6 1.74 (d) Notch specimen gcometcy:
T7 1.70 Width= 1.0
Notch Radius = 0. 005
2.0222 Electrical conductivity (percent o{ lACS) Notch Depth =30 percent
356-T51 43 Notch Angle = 60 degrees
356-T6 39 Thickness= 0,063
356-T7 40
A356-T6 40 (17). 2.043 Effect of nuclear radlstlon at -420F on stress-strain
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloys are nonmagnetic. curves of plate (typical), Figure 2.043.
2.0~-1 Emittance, 0.035 to 0.07 at 77F In air (18). 2.044 Effect of neutron radiation on tensile properties of.
2.G25 Da.molng cana..citv. A ... I"',_ ---~-- "'""-L- - '"'
 AIC
REVISED: DECEMBER ;959 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

TABLE .
2 044
3.014 MllrA-21180B specified tenslle properties for speci-
Source (35)
mens cut from castings of A356, Tahle 3. 014. AI
Alloy A356
Irradiation Test Fast Neutron t"tu t"ty e ~~
lncnes)
TemperaturE Temp Flux ksi ksl percent
TABLE 3 014 7 Si
Source MllrA-21180B (6)
F F (n cm-2)* A B A B A B 'Alloy A356 0.3 Mg
120 RT 2.0 X 1019 33.1 36.7 26 29.1 4 6 Form Special Mold, Permanent Mold, or
120 RT 1.2 x 1o2o 33.1 42.0 26 33.5 4 6 Sand Mold With Chills
120 RT s.s x 1ozo 33.1 45.9 26 42.'1 4 6 Condition T61
120 RT 9.8 x 1o2o 33.1 54.4 26 52.1 4 3 Location in Casting Deslgnatea Area Any Area
Energy greater than 1. 0 MeV Class 1 2 a 10 11 12 356,A356
A not irradlD.ted Ftu, minimum - KSi 38.0 40.0 45.0 38.0 33.0 32.0
B Irradiated Fty, minimum- ksl 28.0 30.0 34.0 28.0 27.0 22.0
e, minimum - percent 5.0 3.0 3.0 5.0 3.0 2.0
Obtainable only in favorable casting configurations and must
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
be negotiated with the foundry.
3. 01 Specified Mechanical Pro;:>erties
3. 011 AMS and producer's specified 11'echanical properties
for 356 alloy, Tahle 3.011.
TABLE 3 011

Source (7,p.62) (7, p. G2) (1) (7,p.62) (5) (7. p. 65) (3) b.p.65) _12) /4)
Alloy 356
investment and
Form Sand Castings Permanent Mold Cas~s Centrifusml Castln~~:s
Condition T51 T6 T7 T71 T51 T6 T7 T6
Cast Cast From Cast From Cast From Cast Cast From
Specimen Test Test Castings Cast Test Test Castings Test Castings Test Test Castings
Bars Bars Average* Bars Bars Average* Bars Average Bars Bars Average
Ftu min -ksl 23 30 22.5 31 25 25 18.8 33 24.75 29 33 24.75
Fty, min -ksl 16 20 15.0 26 18 - - 22 16.5 21 22 16.5
-- --
--- -
e(2 In), mln- percent 3 - 3 - 3 - 4 3
c(4 D), min- percent - 0.7 - - - 0.7 - - 0.7
Fey min -ksl 17 20 --27 19 - 22 - 21 - -
-- -- --
Fsu mln -ksl 17 25 21 17 25 22 - -
Fbr , min
tefn = 2.0)
-ksl 48 63 - 65 52 59 52 - -
F~ , min
r/n = 2.0)
-ksl 32 40 - 52 36 - - 40 - 38 - -
Hardness, BHN
(500 kg, 10 mm)
min - - 65.0 - - - 65.0 - 65.0 - - 65.0
max - - 95.0
Average values for at least 4, preferably 10, specimens.
- - - - - 95.0 - - 95.0

3.012 Producer's specified properties for A356 alloy, Tahle

3.012.
TABLE 3 012
Source 17, p. 65}MIL (6)
Alloy A356
Form Permanent Mold Castings 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
CondiUon T61 3.021 Tension.
Specimen Typo From castlngs 3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams (see Figure 2. 043).
(a) (b) (c) 3. 0212 Typical mechanical properties of 356 cast test bars at
Flu, minimum -ksi 33 38 40 room temperature, Tahle 3. 0212.
Fty minimum -ksi 27 28 30
c(2 inches) minimum - percent 3 5 3 TABLE 3 0212
Fey minimum -ksi 27 - -
Fsu, minimum -ksl
1 ~n) lndlvidually cast specimen.
23 - - Source
Alloy
8
356
27)
I A356
Form Sand Cast I'Cl"lUWJCnt MOld
(b) Cut from designatc<llocatlon in cnsUng.
(c) Must be ncgoUatcd with foundry. Cnst
Specimen Cast Test Bars
Cond!Uon T51 TG T7 T71 TG T7 TG1
3. 013 AMS sp"cllied tensUc propcrUes for A356 alloy, T:lble Ftu -ksl 25 33.0 34 28.0 37 32 --:.1
3.013. Fty -ksi 20 24.0 30 21.0 27 24 30
TABLE 3 313 c(2 inches)-percent 2 3.5 2 3.5 5 6 10
Source AMS 19 Fey -ksl 21 25.0 31 22.0 27 24 32
Alloy A356 Fsu -ksi 20 26.0 24 20.0 30 25 28
Form T: pc of Illold Not Restl"lcted Hardness, BIIN 60 70.0 75 60.0 80 70 90
Cond!Uon SoluUon and Preclpltntlon 500 kg lond 10 mm bnl
Ileal Treated
Specimen Type (a) (b)
Ftu minimum -ksl 32 33
Ft , minimum -ksl 22 27
c(ltnchcs) minimum - percent 2 3
(a) !-:pcc!men cut from nny area of casting.
AIC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: DECEMBER 1969

TABLE 3 0213
Source (9, p. 58)
AI jAU_oy 356
Form Sand Cast
7 Si Condition T51 T6
Section Thickness-Inches Test Bar 0.505 3/4 1 .V4 1 3/4 Test Bar 0 .505 3/4 1 1/4 l 3/4 21/4
0.3 Mg -ksi 27.2 21.9 17.15 14.4 34.1 28.3 23.0 19.4 15.1
Ftu
Fty -ksi - 16.7 13.45 12.7
1.2
24.3
4.6
23.0
2.0
22.5
1.0
-
0.7
-
0.5
e -percent 1.6 1.5 1.3

356, A356 a.o214 Typical tensile properties of specimens cut from 356-
T6 sand and permanent mold cRStlngs of different thick-
ness, Table 3. 0214.
TABLE 3.0214
I !;Duree (9, p. 57)
Alloy 356
Form Sand Cast I Permanent Mo d Cast
Condition T6
Section thickness-inches <1/8 va \o l/4 1/4 to 1/2 1/2 to 3/4 3/4 to 1.0 c:: 1/8 1/8 to 1/4 1/4 to 1/2 1/2 to 3/4 3/4 to 1.0 1.0 to 1.5
-ksi 37.0 35.5 34.0 32.5 31.0 43.0 42.0 40.0 37.0 37 .o 36.0
Ftu
-ksi 25.5 24.5 23.5 22.5 21.5 31.0 30.0 30.0 29.0 28.0 28.0
Fty
e(4D) -percent 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 - - - - - -
e(2 inches) -percent - - - - - 6.0 5.0 4.0 2.0 2.0 1.25

TABLE 3 0219
Source (29)
Condition T6
Section
Typical tensile properties of specimens cut from pre- Thickness Test Data 356 A356
3.0215
mium strength A356 castings, Table 3. 0215. (inches) (0.34 Fe) (0.18 Fe)
11/4 Ftu -ksi 2.14 32.99
Fty -ksi 20.52 25.71
e -percent 4.0 4.4
TABLE 3. 0215 -ksi 28.HO 34.11
3/4 Ftu
Source (14, p. 4) -ksi 21.37 26.85
A356 Fty
1 Alloy e -percent 4.0 5.1
Form Prem urn ::>trengtll Castings
T61 3/8 Ftu -ksi 30.64 35.3~
Condition
Specimen Type !'rom Castings Fty -ksi 22.11 26.91
__@)_ _{a) (b) c -percent 4.0 5.6
Ftu -ksi 41 43 45
Fty -ksi 31 33 35
c -percent 8 9 G 3.022 Compression (see Tables 3.9212, 3.011 and 3.012).
(a) Produced in either all or part of castings. a.0221 Stress-strain diagrams.
(b) Must be ucgotlated with foundry. 3.023 impact (sec Table 3. 0218).
3.024 Bending.
3.025 Torsion and shear (see Tables 3.0212, 3.0ll and 3.012~
3.026 Bearing (sec Table 3. 011).
3.0216 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on tensile 3.027 Stress concentration.
properties of sand cast test bill"S in T51 condition, 3. 0271 Notch properties (sec Tables 2.042 and 3.0218).
Figure 3.0216. 3.0272 Fracture toughness.
3.0217 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on tensile 3.028 Combined properties.
properties of sv.nd cast test bars in T7 condition,
Figure 3. 0217. 3.03 ~"~hnnlcal Properties at Vnrlous Temperatures
3.0218 Effect of iron content on properties of A356-T6 sand 3.031 Tension.
castings, Table 3. 0218. 3.0311 Stress-strain diagrams.
3.0312 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile
TABLE 3 0218 properticr. of sand ca.t test bare in T51 condition,
Source (28) Figure 3. 0312.
Alloy A356-T6 3.0313 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile prop-
Type &na Castings (without chills) erties of sand cast test bars in T6 condition, Figure
Notch to 3.0313.
Iron Room Tempernlure Chnrpy- V impact Unnotehed 3.0314 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile prop-
Content Tunsile (a) (ft-lbs) ~ength erties or sand cast test bars in '!7 Condition, Figure
percent Ftu Fty e(2incnes) jRiltiO 3.0314.
ksi ksi percent 75F -320F -.;:;oF (-320F) 3.03:!r, Effect of exposure and test temperature on te11sile prop-
(b) e..""ties of A356 permanent mold cast test bars in T61
0.13 37.3 24.4 7.5 2.8 2.0 2.4 1.14 condition, Figure 3.0315.
0.01 37.4 23.5 12.4 5.0 5.0 5.2 1.22 3. 0316 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of per-
(a) Machined cast test bars. manent mold castings in T6 and T7 conditions, Figure
(b) Kt = 6 for notched tensile samples. 3.0316.
3.0317 Effect of test temporabU"e on tensile properties of
sand castings in T6 and T7 conditions, Figure 3.0317.
3.0318 Effect of low temperatures on tensile properties of T6
 ,..., "'
REVISED: DECEMBER 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.034 Bending. for this purpose. Solid fluxes are introduced lDto the
3.035 Torsion and shear. melt to form a &as or llquld protective coatlDg on top AI
3.036 Bearing. of the melt. Generally the metal is heated to 1250-
3.037 Stress concentration. 1400F before addlDg nux. After fluxing, the melt should 7 Si
3.0371 Notch properties. be allowed to settle for 10 to 20 minutes to allow the
3.0372 Fracture toughness. nux to float to the top, while the temperature of t!te 0.3 Mg
3.038 ComblDed properties. liquid is adjusted to the pourlDg temperature.
4.016 For th1D sections of castlDgs, it may be necessary to
3.04 creep and creep Rupture Properties use a mold coatlDg to increase fluidity. Hexachlore-
3.041 creep and creep rupture curves at room temperature thane has been found to be effective 1D this respect.
to 400F for sand cast test bars 1D T7 cmxl!ti<'n, Figure For examp1'3, it was reported that by spraylDg the mold 356,A356
3.G4.1. with a saturated solution of hexachlorethane 1D ether,
3.042 creep and creep rupture curves at ?.OOF for A356 per- the fiuldity of 356 alloy was lDereased 86 percent nt
manent mold cast test bars in T61 condition, Figure 1320F a'ld 96 percent at 1250F (38).
3.042.
4.02 Machin!Dg and Grilli! iJ!g
3.05 Fatigue Properties 4.021 General. Tbe maehlDablllty of these alloys is fair.
3.051 Typical fatigue strength of cast test bars at room temp- Tool wear is greater for these alloys than for 355 alloy
erature, Table 3. 051. because of the higher silicon content. Ct rbide cutting
tools and lubricants such as lard oil and kerosene are
TABLE 3 051 recommended for general machining. For tapping, pure
Source (8, p. 19'1) (10) (14, p. B) lard ollis preferred.
Form Cast Test Bars-Room Temperature WeldlDg
Fatigue Strength - ksl 4.03
Stress Stress
nt Cycles 4.031 General. These alloys are readily weldable by GTA
Condi- Method Ratio Cone en-
Alloy techniques. Gns welding, metal arc, carbon arc, and
tion A R tratlon 105 106 107 108 5x1os
atomic hydrogen techniques have also been used, usually
356 T51 Rot
"' -1 Smooth - -- -- -- 8.0 with a furnace Cor preheating. Foundry welding of small
Sand T6 Beam Kt=1 - 8.5
21 14.5 10.5 9.5 9.5
defects, etc., usually employs filler metnl of the same
cast T7 composition as the parent cast metal. For r3pair or
T71 -- -- -- -- 8.5
13.0
assembly welding, 4043 filler metal is recommended to
356 TO keep cracklDg sensitivity at a minimum (40).
Perm 4.032 Temperatures exceeding 400F during preheatlDg or welil-
Mold T7 - - - - 11.0 ing wUI affect the mecbanical properties of heat treated
A356 T61 29 3.0 7.0 14.0 13.0 castings. After welding, however, the castings cnn be
reheat treated to restore their properties. A generul
rule during welding Is to keep the bent o welding con-
3.052 Endurance limit. centrated in a narrow region.
356-TG 13.0 ksl 4.033 A more detailed discussion o( the welding of aluminum
A356-TG1 13.0 ks! (27) enstlDgs Is given in Reference 40.
8 4.034 Brazing o( 356 and A356 Is not normally recommended.
(Based on R. R. Moore rotating beam tests; 5.0 x 10
cycles.) However, it Is possible t.o braze these alloys with
special techniques (41).
3. 06 Elastic Properties
3.061 Poisson's ratio, 0.33 (18). 4.04 Hcnt Treatment
3.062 Modulus of elasticity at various temperatures, Figure
3.062. 4.05 SurCace Treatment
3.063 Modulus of rigidity at various temperatures, Figure 4.051 General. The resistance of these alloys to normal at-
3.063. mospheric weathering is good, ar.d proi!.'Ctive coatings
are not usually required. These alloys cnn be anodized
to provide lDcrensed resistance to corr<>5lon and
4. FABRICATION abrasion. Other surface flnlshes such ns electroplating,
1. 01 Formability porcelain enameling, and pnlnting cnn be applied for
(sec also Section 1. 08) special purposes iC desired (39).
4.011 General. 356 and A356 have excellent cnstablllty
characteristics &uch as high fluidity, low solidification
shrinkage tendencies, high resistance to hot cracking
and good pressure tightness. These alloys nre suitable
for intricate castings containing thin sections and varl-
nhlc thicknesses (39). 356
4.012 Melting of these alloys is discussed in Section 1. 08. "'t.1 CAST TEST BAliS
4.013 Hydrogen readily dlssol vcs in molten aluminum from ao.oso
moisture In all forms and from hydrocai"bons. It Is i5
liberated during solidification and can cause harmful I
t.1
t.1
porosity. Gas absorption Increases with increasing N N
temperature of the molten aluminum and with Increasing Olo.OGO Ol
M9 i5
~
time at temperature. Absorption of gus Is also In- -::
creased when the contact surface between molten mctnl ~
and hydrogen forming gases Is made larger. t:! MlO t:!
4.014 Dross Corms as n result o oxidation, nnd It may be t.1
~0.040
trapped in U1e mctnl, causing defects in the casting be-
o>:
cause Its density Is slightly higher than the density of Mll
aluminum. The oxide Cllm on the aluminum melt, how- ~
-:: M12
ever, gives an excellent protection a~inst further oxi-
0.020
dation and gus absorption. On casting, the metnl should 1200 1300 1400
Dow steadily and C!r a ruinlmum distance to maintain POURING TEMPERATURE - F
the oxide layer and thus nvold dross inclusions.
4.015 Gaseous or solid flu.xe& arc generally used !o rcmov;, FIG. 1.084 EFFECT OF POURING TF.MPt:RATURE
hydrogen and dross from the melt. Flushing with gas- ON GRAIN SIZE. (26)
eous fluxes, such ns chlorine or nitrogen, mny be used
 AI 356
30 SAND CAST TEST BARS
7 Si T51 CONDITION

0.3 Mg
20
356
CASTINGS /
356,A356 / 20
MEAN COEFFICIENT OF

// THERMAL EXPANSION

J J 10
FROM ROOM TEMPERATURE
TO TEMPERATURE INDI-
!;:20
CAT ED
10 I t.l
tl
-200 0 200 400 600 800 =
TEMPERATURE - F g: 0 ~..!::=I!::::!!!:SE:~::=Jl:::::~_j
0 200 400 600 800
FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION. (8, p. 205) EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE - F
FIG. 3.0216 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPERA-
TURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SAND
CAST TEST BARS IN T51 CONDITION.
(12)

40
GO
I
A356-T6

---- -
0.25 INCH CAST PLATE 30

50
1--

40 / ,/'~
--- -- --
20

/
'-.uNIRRADIATE D
30

~I
/
/

F ~ADIATED AT -420F 20
5 x 1016 NVT, E>l.O MeV

20 10

10
I ~20
t.l
tl

g:= 0 ~~=#~~~;=~:J_____J

0
l 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
0 200 400 600
EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 3.0217 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED

800

STRAIN - PERCENT TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPERA-

TURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SAND
FIG. 2.043 EFFECT OF NUCLEAR RADIATION AT -420F ON STRES5-STRAIN CAST TEST BARS IN T7 CONDmON.
CURVES OF PLATE (TYPICAL). (30) (10)

CODE 3105
 REVISED: DECEMBER 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

30 AI
7 Si
30
0.3 Mg
20 ~
I
::>

10 '"'"'' 356,A356
><
~
10 ~----~----~~----+-----_,~~~+------4 0
EXPOSURE
e 1/2 HOUR
0 100 HOURS
0 ~-=-~IO~O~O~H~O~~S~----~------+------t----~

356
SAND CAST TEST BARS 40
e(2 INCHES) T7 CONDITION

-200 0 200 400

TEST TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE ON

TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SAND CAST TEST BARS IN
T51 CONDITION.
30 r------r----~F=~~~----~~----+-----_,20 ~
(12) I
::>

EXPOSURE
'"""'
e 1/2 HOUR
0 100 HOURS
10 1000 HOURS -j----~~----..,...~-->ri------1 0

356
~_.,_::---i------t-----+ SAND CAST TEST BARS 40 ~4or---~----~-----+-----r---.~~~
T6 CONDITION
"'p::
u

"'""
0 200 400 GOO BOO
TEST TEMPERATlffiE- F

:!0 FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF EXPOSlffiE AND TEST TEMPERATlffiE ON

TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SAND CAST TEST BARS IN T7
CONDITION. (10)
I
~ ::>
o20 ~----~----~-----,_---T~T~~~t-----,10 t
><
t EXPOSlffiE
e 1/2 IIOIJR
10 - 0

FIG. 3.0313 ~:FFECT OF EXI'OSlffiE AND TEST TEMPERATURE ON

TENSILE PHOI'ERTIES OF SAND CAST TEST BARS IN T6
CONDITION. (16)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: DECEMBER 1969

TEST BARS
AI r---~-r----~-----A356PERMANENT
50
7 MOLD
Si T61 CONDITION
0.3 Mg

356,A356

I
~

tt'
~30~----~----~--~~~~r-~,~--~10
I
><
rt EXPOSURE
20 e 1/2 HOUR 0
0 100 HOURS
A 1000 HOURS

~40
1>1
0 e(2 INCHES)
e>::
~ ~----~~--~------~----~----~
0-400
-200 0 200 400 600
r-----~----~------r-----~-----r----~50

356
TEST TEMPERATURE - F PERMANENT MOLD
CAST TEST BARS
FIG. 3.0315 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF A356 PERMANENT
MOLD CAST TEST BARS IN T61 CONDITION.
(14, p. B)

10 0

80

600 800

FIG. 3.0316 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE ...._.,

PROPERTIES OF PERMANENT MOLD CASTINGS
IN T6 AND T7 CONDITIONS. (27)
 A 356
.......... SAND CAST
TEST BARS
- 40 40
AI
75F
~ ... 356 SAND CAST TEST 7 Si
- .........
~
FTU
- --=---- 1---==
BARS T7 CONDITION
0.3 Mg
30

--
30
......_
~ \ 20
~
1
20

----
- --
---- t - - - - 300F
356,A356

~\
............. -.._
FTY ::>
rt' 10
~ 10
40

10
'\ ~ ~ 0 20
212F
1 - - - -t - - - -
----
~
~
... TG CONDITION
1-----~
"~
T7 CONDITION
I
~ ............ ~
0
10
80
8
, .......... '\
EXPOSURE TIMk
ELEVATED TEMPERATURE: 10,000 HOUR/
SUBZERO TEMPERATURE: 1/2 HOUR
/ 6
--RUPTURE
- - 1 PERCENT }
--o.5 PERCENT CREEP
""-,
'\
~40 - - 0. 2 PERCENT
I
Vr""''
to.l 4 I
0
10 100 1000
~
to.l
"' 0
J TIME- HOURS
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 FIG. 3. 041 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES AT
TEST TEMPERATURE - F
ROOM TEMPERATURE TO 400F FOR SAND
CAST TEST BARS IN T7 CONDITION. (10)
FIG. 3.0317 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SAND CASTINGS IN T6 AND T7
CONDITIONS. (27)

60 - I
356- T6

50 ' ~
PERMANENT MOLD

40 ""~ r--.
I A35G
PERMANENT MOLD
40 1-----+-----+-CA ST TEST BARS
TG1 CONDITION

30
"
~I
FTY
...
_

20
I

10
....
c(1 INCH)
--
--
~
to.l
0 FIG. 3. 042 CREEP AND CREEP hUPTUUE CURVES AT 300F
~ FOR A356 PERMANEN' MOLD CAST TEST BARS
w
c.o IN TG1 CONDmON. (14, p. B)
-o!GO -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
TEST TEMPERATURE- F

FIG, 3.0318 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF TG CASTINGS. (22)
AIC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: DECEMBER 1969

10. Alcoa Research Laboratories, ''Data Sheet" (August,

1957).
AI 11. Alcoa Aluminum Handbook (1957).
12. Alcoa Research Laboratories, '"Data Sheet" (February,
7 Si 1956).
12
0.3 Mg 13. North American Aviation, Missile Development Division,

356,A356
11
- """ 356
T6 CONDITION
14.

15.
"Materials Property Manual and Summary Report"
(October, 1957).
Alcoa, Sales Development Division, "Premium-Strenb'th
structural Castings" (January, 1959).
ARTC-10-1955, Aircraft Industries Association.

""'~
E
16. Alcoa Research Laboratories, "Data Sheet" (December,
~ 1956).
10 17. "The Aluminum Data Book, " Reynolds 1\lctals Company

~
0
0 (1965).
....
0
18. ASM "Metals Handbook," American Society for Metals,
Volume 1, 8th Edition (1961).
19. AMS 4218B (Janunry 31, 1964).
9

\
20. AMS 4261 (June 30, 1964).
21. Alloy Digest, "Aluminum 356, Heat Treatable Alumi-
num Caetjng Alloy," Filing Code: Al-21, Engineering
8 Alloy Digest, Incc.rp<:rated (October 1954).
-400 -200 0 200 400 (>00 22. Campbell, J. E., "Aluminum Alloys for Cryogenic
TEMPERATURE - F Service," ASTM Materials Research and Standards,
Volume 4, No. 10 (October 1964).
FIG. 3.062 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT VARIOUS 23. Everhart, J. L., "Aluminum Alloy Castings," Mill!:!:
TEMPERATURES. (13, p. 1-2-2.2) nisIn Dosign Engineering, Manual No. 146 (February,
1958).
24. Grube, K. R., Williams, D. N., and Ogden, H. R.,
"Premium-Quality Aluminum Castings," DIIIIC Report
211, Battelle Memorial Institute (January, 1965).
25. Shober, F. R., ''The Effect of Nuclear Radiation on
Structural Metals," DMIC Report 166, Battelle Mem-
orial Institute (September, 1961).
26. Meier, J. W., and Couture, A., "Aluminum Alloy Test
Bar Casting Temperature Effect on Properties,"
Transactions, American Foundrymen's Society, Volume
5 68 (1960) p. 670.
27. "Aluminum- Properties, Physical Metallurgy and Phase

-
356
T6 CONDITION Diagrams," Volume 1 (Edited by K. R. VanHorn),

4
r--.... G
28.
American Society for Metals (1967).
Williams, D. N., Wood, R. A., and Ogden, H. R.,
"Improving Low Temperature Aluminum Casting Prop-
~ erties," Modern Castings (January, 1963).
0
29. Bailey, W. A., and Bossing, E. N., "High Strength
0
Aluminum Alloy Airframe Castings," Modern Castings
:::a

2
""' ' 30.

31.
(October 1961).
Lombardo, J. J., Dixon, C. E., and Begley, J.,
"Cryogenic Radiation Effects on NERVA Structural
Materials," ASTM Preprint No. 44 (June, 1966).
"SAE Handbook, Standards, Information Reports,
-400 -200 0 200 400 600
TEMPERATURE- F Recommended Practices," SAE, Incorporated (1965).
32. Nowak , J. J., "Preparation of Aluminum Alloys for
FIG. 3.063 MODULUS OF RIGIDITY AT VARIOUS TEMP.. UDMH Service," Bell Aerosystems Company, Repo1t
ERATURES. (13, p. 1-!?-2.2) No. I-237 Revision A (October, 1962).
33. Colwell, D. L., "Melting Practice for Aluminum Die
and Permunent Mold Castings," Modern Castings,
Volume 39 (April, 1961).
34. Kangllaski, M., ''The Effects of N~utron Radiation on
Structural Materials, " REIC Report No. 45 to NASA ,
Radiation Effects Information Center, Battelle Memorial
ln&titute (June, 1967).
35. Graber, M. J., and Ronsick, J. H., "ETR Damage
Sur~elllance Programs," Progress Report No. 1, IDQ-
16628 (1961).
36. Elijah, L. M., "Aluminum Alloy Fluxes," Foundry
(March, 1964) p. 88.
37. 1968 Book of ASTM Standards, Part 6, "Die- Cast
Metals; Light Metals and Alloys" (October, 1968).
REFERENCES 38. Flemings, M. C., Conrad, H. F., and Taylor, H. F.,
1. AMS 4217D (June 15, 1959). "Aluminum Alloys Fluidity Test," Transactions,
2. AMS 4260B (November 1, 1967). American Foundrymen's Society, Volume 67 (1959),
3. AMS 42840 (January 15, 1959). p. 496.
4. AMS 4285 (May 1, 1954). 39. Aluminum, "Fabrication and Finishing" (Edited by K. R.
5. AMS 4286A (August 15, 1958). VanHorn) Volume 3, American Society for Metals (1967~
6. MIL-A-21180B (August 4, 1960). 40. "Welding Alcoa Aluminum," Aluminum Company of
7. Alcoa Structural Handbook (1958). America (1958).
8. Alcoa Aluminum Handbook (1959). 41. "Brazing Alcoa Aluminum," Aluminum Company of
9. ASM Metals Handbook Supplement (1955). America (1959).
 AIC
DECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

GENERAL [l)ct-up ~excessive gases. 1be fluidity ~ tbe mdalla

This natural-aging bJgh strength alwnlnum casting alloy such thst lntrlcste aba~ 1 bocb beny ...S IbiD wall AI
contains zinc, magnesium, cllromlwn and tltsnlum. The sectlolu can bP casr, (II).
alloy has a combination of dealrsble chsracte.rlstlcs. It
requires no heat treatment to develop high strength. has
1.082
1.083
P.attt= sbrlnbge Is .'!/ 16 lDdl perf-.
(3).
Ca~ temperature l:'allge. 1250 to 1475P, (6).
5.5 Zn
good shoclc and corrosion reslstsnce and also has high 0.6 Mg
yield strength. The fine grain structure of this alloy 1.09 .ti::;;;W C!om;!derat!IJDB
enables It to wlthstsnd h!sh ptessures. Its macbiDeablllty 1.091 AI!CI'/ ages naturally at room temperature ~ prior 0.5 Cr
Is superior to thst of most other ssnd cast aluminum alloys sdutlno t:eatmen'. to the maximum propert11es ~
and machined parts have a h!sh lustre. The alloy brazes lhree weeks. It 1;an also be artlflclslly aged at350 to 0.2 Ti
well but weldablllty Is only fair. It Is dlmenslonslly 3SOF for 10 booo;s, 48 bwra after csfll:lnr. (3),
stable after natural or srtlflcisl agl.og. The data ptesented 1.092 Alloy exblblts f;ood dimensional atablllly after Datura1 ar OE
bereln are for ssnd castings only. It should be noted that srtlflclal aglnt;, (1). 4
superior ptopertles can be obtained by permiUieDt mold or 1.093 In general, Mtural aglns gives about oae peroeat hJ&ber
chlll casting. 01111 casting lmptoves the alloy ptopertles elongation tt.an srtlflclal sgtng. (9):
by about 20 percent. (l) (2) (3).
2. PHYSICAL AND CHBMICAL PROPBRTIBS
1.01 Commercial Designations
40B, Frontier 40B, Alloy 40B, 408 alloy. 2.01 Thermal Properties
2.011 Melting range. Liquidus temperature. 1185P,
],02 Alternate Designations Solidus temperature, 1110P, (5) (10).
ZG61A (ASThi), 310 (SAB). 2.012 Phase cbsnges
2.0121 Timetemperature-traosformadcm diagrams
1.03 Speclflcationa 2.013 1berms1 cooductlvlty. SO. 82 Btu tt per (br aq tt P), (3).
Table 1.03. 79.86 Btu ft per (br 8q ft P),(4)(7).
2.014 Thermal ezpauaion. 70 to 200F, 13.7 x 10-6b./ln/P
TABLE 1 03 32 to 140F, 13,3 x 10-6 ln/ln/F
Source 12\ -76 to 32F, 11.8 :o: 10-6 ln/ln/P, (2).
Allnv -S. i7.n-O. hMo- .Sr.r-0. 2TI 2. 015 Specific beat.
Fnrm ASThi Mll!IJU"V Federal SAB 0. XN7 Btu per (1b F) at 212F, (2).
Castings B2662T QQA-60ic 310 2.016 Thermal dlffuslvity
Allov ZG61A OOA60lc Como. 40R 2.017 Latent beat c1 fuslob.. Appraltlmately 167.0 Btu/lb. (2).
Ingots Bl79-62 QQ-A-37ld
AIJ!'L~61A Camp, 0 2.02 Other ftlyslcal Properties
2.021 Deoslly. 0.102lb per cu In; 2.62gr percu em, (2),
' Does not ren ect current ASThi changes 2.022 l!lectrlcal ptopertles
2.0221 l!lectrlcal reslativlty. 1. 939 mlt:rdlm - ln. (2).
1. 04 Composition 2.0222 l!lectrlcal volume conductivity. 35 percent I ACS. (4,
Table 1.04. p. 968).
2.023 Magnetic properties, alloy Is 11011-mapetlc.
TABLE 1,04 2.024 Emissivity. 0.035 to 0.070 at RT (77P) atr atmOB)Ibere.
Frontier Alloy (2).
ls...urrP Bronze (I) Dlltest.(3) AS'IM (51 (10) 2.025 Dampll>g capacity
IAIInv Al-5. 5ZnO. 6MgO. 5Cr-O. 2TI
Sand castings 2. 03 Chemical Properties
Form Sllnd castinl<s and inl<ots 2.031 General. Alloy has good corrosion reslstsnce under
Percent Percent Percent normal conditions and Is practically stress-carroslcm
Min Max Min M Min Mn ptoof In the pteBCDCe c1 GOrroslve liquids and atmos
Chromium o. 40 0.60 0.40 0.60 0. 411 0.6 pheres where aluminum alloys are used, (3).
Copper
Iron
-
-
0.25
0.50
-
-
0.30
1.0
-- 0.25
O.SO(a)
2. 032 Alloy Is resistant to nitric, cllrom ... ....., mOilt organic
acids, ammonium hydroxide, and IIUIIIy salta. Also
Magnesium 0.50 0.65 o.so 0.65 0.50 0.65 resistant to attack by Industrial and marine atmllll)lberea,
Manganese
Silicon
-
-
0.10
0.30
-
-
0.30
0.25
-- 0.10
0.25 2. 033
(8).
Alloy Is attaclced by bydrocblorlc and sulfuric acids,
Tltaolwn 0.15 0.25 0.15 0.25 0.15 0.25 sodium, potassium and calcium bydraxldea and salts ~
Zinc 5.0 6.5 5.00 5. 75 5.0 6.5 heavy metals, (8).
Other Impurities
each
total
- 0.05
- Balanceo. 20
- -
- Balance -- 0.05
0.20
2. 04 Nuclear Properties

~lun>lnum llalance 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIBS

-
() Iron content for Ingots Is 0. 8 percent maximum
3.01 Specified Mechanical Prapenles
3.011 ASThi specified minimum mecbaofcal ptopertles,
1. 05 Heat Treatment
Table 3. 011.
Alloy requires no heat treatrnent. see 1. 09.
1. 051 Artificial aging. 350 to 360F, 10 hour, air cool.
1. 052 T5 Condition. Age 21 days at room temperature or TABLE 3.011
artificial age. Source AS'IM 5 o,686VIO\
\ll<rv Al-5.57.n-O. ~Mo-O ~r. n ?TI
1. 06 Hardness IFnrm Sand castlno
65-iiO'iiHN (500 kg - 10 mm ball), (1). ICondllnn TS (a)
ISoecimen tvDe Ca&l lf'RI horN
I. 07 Forms and Conditions Available Ftu mln -
ksl 34
1.071 Alloy Is available In the form of Ingots and sand castln'ls Fty, min -
ksl
[e (2 In), min percent
25
4
I. 08 Melting and Casting Practice
1. 081 Melting practice Is similar to that of other aluminum (a) Aged 21 days at room temperature or anlflclally aged
350 to 360F, 10 hour, air cool.
casting alloys. Proper control during melting prevents

CODE 3106 I
PAGE I
AIC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS DECEMBER 1963

3.02 MecbaDICd l'ropertlea at Room Temperature ~...,,.,,,

3.021 Teuloa 4. FABRICA'I10N

AI 3.0211 Stress-strain d.lagrams
Blfect ol room temperature aging time aa room temp- 4.01 Foruu.hll!ty
5.5 Zn 3.0212
erature teii&De properties, Fig. 3. 0212.
3.0213 Compul.saa ol t.ensDe properties olDaturally aged 4.02 Macl!!n1!!g aDd Grlnd1Dg
Q6 Mg castings &lid artlflclally aged castings, Table 3. 0213. 4.021 General. After Datura1 or artlflclal aging, the machine-
0.5 Cr TABLB3 0213 ability ol the alloy 1s excellent. High speed steel ~
tools may be used but carbide-tipped tools are preferred
0.2 Ti ....
Source

Form
m
I-5.S7.n..fi.~M.,..n

Sowd Ca thws
..,.,.--11 ?'II for blgb prcxluetloa work. Single point tools abould be
grOUDd to 20-50 degree top rate. 10-20 degree aide
rake aDd 8-10 degree side &lid froat clearance amgles.
Coadltlua As cast + natural As east + anlflcal
40E .,.,. 21 davs Speecl& abould be fast wtzh fiDe to medium feeds. Alloy
aue 3SSP 10 h.-
Fru. . bl 39 40
can be cut dry but a ~.nuld 1s recommeaded for
good cooling aDd lubrlcatloa. For hea'fy cutB such as
Ptp - bl 31 30
16 roughing or tapping. pure lard on gives &ood reaulta.
I'Jrap. Limit - bl 16
Tools abould be 1tept free ol griDi1Dg" BCratebes, (3).
e (2 lD) -percent 5 6
4.022 Castings abould DOt be machined to close toleraucea
durlzlg the uatural aglag period. (3).
3.022 Compreaaloa
3.0221 Stress-strain d.lagrama
4.03 ~
4.031 General. WeldabWty ollbl.s alloy 1s fair &lid welda can
3.0222 Compressi.Ye yield atreDg1b, P cy 29.0 ksl (2).
be made by gas, electric-arc or electrlcal realataDce
27.0-28. 0, bl (1). methcxls. 40B alloy should be used as fDler metal
3.0223 Compressi.Ye prapartlaaalllmlr, 25. 0 bl, (2). when It 1s desired to have the resulting weld tully aa
3.023 Impact 8lrOq!: as the base melala. For ease In welding where
3.0231 Cbarpy Impact. 4 to 6 ft 11>, (2). lower streagth Is permitted """ fDler metal such as
3.ou ~ t 35643 or Almag 35. MIG COIIIIIliiUible electrode
3.025 Toraloa &lid &beat teclmlques will p>:cxluce exeelleot welda 011 a productl011
3.0l!51 9Jear st:reogtb P au 27. 8 bl (2) baals. TIG teclm1quea wfl.l alao produce excelleot welds
&lid 1s preferred for thin ....,!10118. 40B alloy rods are
27.0 bl, (7)
avallilble on special cmler oaly. Uureatralned welda may
28.0 bl, (artlflclally aged). (8).
be BCCQIIlpllabed readlly. Restralnlng the parts to be
3.026
Joined may result In crackl.qg due to bQt abartDe&s at the
3.027 Stress ciiiCelltrlltloa
sclldlflcatloa temperar:w:e.
3.027i Notch prapcrtlea
4.032 Brazing cbaracterlstlcs 11 the alloy care excelleot. (2).
3.0272 Fracture touglmess
See also Fig. 3. 0314.
3.028 Combined prapcrtlea
4.0321 1bls alloy Is especially mtlted f~ braZ..d assemblies
where full atreDgth 1s desired after beating to brazing
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
temperature.
3.031 Teaalaa
4.0322 Alloy may be dip brazed or Dl8llllally torch brazed,. (2).
3.0311 Stress-strain dla~s
3.0312 Blfect of test temperarure 011 teii&De properties of
4.04 Heat Treatment
alloy, Fig. 3. 0312.
4.041 Because ollta re-agtng abOity, an assembly made from
3.0313 Blfect at: exposure at varloua temperatures oo room the alloy can be welded or brazed &lid when allowed to
temperature tell&ne properties of alloy, Pig. 3.0313. age at room tenperature for 21 days It wW regain Its
3.0314 Blfect ol expo511re to brazing tempcrarures &lid reaglng original mechanical properties, (1).
at room temperature, Pig. 3.0314.
3.032 Compressl011 4.05 &lrface Treatmeot
3.0321 3ftsa-atraln diagrams 4.051 Alloy lecxls Itself to lllllform heavy anodlzadoo, IIIIIDUred
3.033 Impact by strealdog In both chromic &lid sulphuric anodlz!ug
3.034 lleDdlng processes, (1).
3.035 Toral011 &lid &bear 4.052 Alloy polishes to a fine cbromeilke flnlab, free frcm
3.036 lleDdlng Pin hole porosity. (1).
3.037 Stresa ciiiCelltrlltloa
3.0371 Notch prapcrtlea
3.0372 Fracture toUghDeaa
3.038 Combined properties

3. 04 ~&lid Creep Ruptllre Prcpertlea

3. 041 Geucral. Alloy Will support streS5P.8 up tO about the
yield atreDgth for Cl<leiXIed time periods at 175P. For
ertCIIIIed service life at 32SP, a 0. 01 percem creep
atreDgth ol 7. 5 bl 1s coasldered to be a safe design
crlterlca.

3. OS Fatigue Properties
3.051 S-N Clll'fes at room temperature, 300F &lid 480F,
Pig. 3.051.
3. 052 Bod111'811Ce limit at 107 cycles. 9. 0 kBI. (1).
(Rotating beam) at 5 x 1o8 cycles. 10.0 ksl, (2).

3. 06 Blastic Properties
3.061 l'olssaa'a ratto. 0.33, (2) (4).
3.062 Modulus ol elasticity - teosl011 10.3 x 1oS ksl. (1)(2)(7).
- compressl011 10.3 x 103 ksl. (7).
3.063 Modulus of rigidity. 3. 8S x 1o3 kat. (4) (7).

CODE 3106
PAGE 2
 AIC
DECEMBER 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

'--' 40 AI-5.5Zn-D.6Mg-D.5Cr-D.2TI
AI
Al-5. 5ZnO. 6Mg-o.scr-o. m
CAST TBST BARS
~ 5.5 Zn

---
~
36
v 0.6 MQ

32 r Pro
Iii 28
=-:
0.5
0.2
Cr
Ti
Iii
=-: 28
f
20
-{!r
40E

~TY
24 f 12 AA21 DAYS AT RT
20
0 Ul HR ATTI!MP
+COOL'TORT

20
I AGBDATRT
I
~
u 10
a:
c10HRATTI!MP
+ 21 DAYS AT RT

...
1'1

16 0
0 200 400 600 800
~
1'1
10
\...._ e (21N) BXPOSURB TBMP - P
u
a: PIG. 3.0313 BPPBCTOP BXI'OSURBATVARIOUS
...
1'1
0 TI!MPBRA1URBS ON ROOM TBMPBRA1URB
TBNSILB PROPBRTII!S OF ALLOY
0 80 120 160 200
AGINJ TIMB DAYS (1)(3)

PIG. 3.0212 BPPBCT OF ROOM TBMPBRA1URB AGIOO

TIMB ON ROOM TBMPBRAroRB TBNSILB
PROI'BRTIBS (3)

Al-5. 5Zn-0..6Mg-D. scr-o. 2n

~- SAND CAST TBST BARS

36

Pro
32
\ A

~
If Al-5. 5Zn-D. 6Mg-D. SCr-b. 2TI
SAND CASTJNJS 1'1
PTY' ..l
<
28 1- 70 ~

P-- \\ ~-
~
.......
~c
Iii
=-: 24

\
36 1 -
r-. . . - 60 a:
< :c

20 l\ ~ 32 1-
r---..k' 24
..
2:
:c

~~
A 30DAYSAT85P
! e 26 DAYS SSP+ 2HR AT INDICATHO
TBMP+30 DAYS SSP
Iii
16 '' 28 ~ 20 =-:

~ j':
PTY
0 e 24 H~AT TBMP (2)
II.
24
12 A AIOOO H 20 1- 16

~ 10
0 1000 HR AT TBMP (I)

e L--A
' ~u ~-
e

u " C! 0 .I
RT r' 900 1000 1100 1200
~ 0 BRAZIK; TBNI' F
-100 0 100 200 300
TBMP- F FIG. 3.0314 EFPBCT OF EXPOSURE TO BRAZIN:;
TBMPI!RAroRB AND RB AGIOO AT
PIG. 3.0312 BFPBCT OF TBST TBMPI!RAroRB ON TBNSILI! ROOM TEMPBRA1URB
PROPI!RTIBS OF ALLOY (I)
(I) (2)

CODE 3106
PAGE 3
AIC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS DECEMBER 1963

.f()
Al-5. SZa-o. 6Mg-o. 5Cr4 .2n ~...;.)
AI SANDCA STNJS
5.5 Zn
0.6 Mg 20
''
"'
lil
0.5 Cr :.c
e RT(3)
.......... !
0.2 Ti D 300P (2)

~' ~
A 480P (2)
10
~
40E
6
-
IoJ I of loS lrl' 107 1
NUMBBR OF CYCLBS

PIG. 3.051 S-N CURVES AT R<XN TI!MPBRA 1URB, 300P and 480P
(2) (3)

RBPBRBNCBS

"Alloy Data Boolc - .fOB Alwnluwn ", Prootler Brouze

Corp., Niagara Palls, N.Y., (1961)
2 "'Prcmtler .fOB Alloy", Data Sheet. Form P31, Prouder
Bronze Corp., Nbgara Palls, N.Y., (March 1962)
3 Alloy Digest, "Prootler .fOB - High Strength, Age-
Hardenabl e Alwnluwn Casting Alloy" PUIDg Code Al-2,
(October 1952)
4 Metals Handbool<. Vol. 1, "Propertie s and Selectloo of
Metals, " Sib Edition. American Society for Metals,
(1961)
S ASTM Standards, Part 2, Noo Ferrous Metals Spec:lllc-
atloos. American Society Test Mats., (1961)
6 Metals HIIDdboolc, Jun".lcan Society for Metals, (1948)
7 MU -Hdbk - S, "Streu;:~' of Metal Aircraft l!lements, "
Office of Assls. Sec...- (.;,&,mae, Supply aod Lcglstlc~,
(Uecembe r 1958)
8 Materials ID Design &glueerb g, Materials Selector
Issue, (magazine ), Reinhold PubUshlq Corp., Vol. 56,
No. 5), (mid-Octo ber 1962)
9 Galbrealb , B. M., "Cast Test Coupcxls - .AUoy .fOB",
Bell Test Repert No. BTR 4311, Bell AtrcriJft Corp.,
(1943)
10 Supplemen t to ASTM Standards, Part 2, Noo Ferr<KIS
Metals Specificati ons, Am. Soc. Test. Meta., (196.2)

CODE 3106
PAGE 4
\AUTHOR-J.G. SESSLER AIC
RELEASED:JUNEI969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I
\ 1. GENERAL 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
K0-1is a recently developed heat-treatable, high 1.081 Melting range. 1250 to 1450F. AI
strength aluminum casting alloy which contains copper, 1.082 Casting temperature range. 1250 to 1450F (8).
silver, magnesium and titanium. Premium quality 1.083 Pure chlorine gas Is preferred as the nux. The degree 4.8 Cu
castings made from t.his alloy have exhibited greatly of fluxing is determined by dissolved hydrogen content
improved mechanical properties when compared to (e.g. Hycon or similar tests) (8). 0.5 AQ
premium quality castings of the other conventional
aluminum cast alloys now available. Strength 1.09 Special Considerations 0.25 MQ
properties comparable to those of the standard wrought 1.091 The casting alloy, K0-1, is a new alloy and numerous
aluminum forging alloys (such as 2014-T6) have been programs are in progress to review presently avaUable 0.25 Ti
achieved by Ko-1 castings at room temperature and at data and to develop additions! and more specialized
elevated temperatures up to 400F. Stress corrosia!l data.
cracking tests have indlcated that the stress corrosion 1.fi'J2 Metallograpblc and radiographic techniques similar KQ-1 Cast
cracking resistance of Ko-1 is superior to 7075-TG, to those employed for Alloy 195 and 2014 alloys are
7079-T6, and 2014-T6 forgings. Ko-1 castings have acceptahle for K0-1.
been welded successfully to 2014-T6 wrought assemblies 1.093 Exceeding the recommended impurity limits (e. g. high
using the GTA process, with weld strengths comparable iron or silicon content) can result In a decrease In
to the weld strengths usually obtained by 2014-T6 alloy tensile properties.
weldments. The alloy can be cast by sand, permanent
mold, or investment casting techniques (1)(3)(8).
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPEHTU:S
1.01 Commercial Designation
K0-1 2.01 Thermal Properties
2.011 Melting range. 1250 to 1450F (8)
1.02 Alternate Designations 2.012 Phase changes. Alloy is subject to precipitation.
None 2.0121 Time-temperature-transformation diagrams.
2.013 Thermal conductivity.
1.03 SpecUicntions 2.014 Thermal expansion.
1. 031 Company specU!cntlons. ESPD lOlA (5) 2.015 Specific heat.
ESPD 102A (4) 2.016 Thermal diffuslvity.

1.04 Composition 2.02 Other Physical Properties

Table 1.04 2.021 Density. 0.101 lb per cu In at 68F (8)
2. 81 gr per cu em
2.022 Electrical properties.
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic.
TABLE 1 04
2.024 Emissivity.
Alloy KQ-1 2.025 Damping capacity.
Source (5)(a) (4){b)
Max Min Max 2.03 Chemical Properties
Percent Min
2.031 General. Stress corrosion tests on K0-1 resulted In
Copper 4.2 5.2 4.2 5.2 no failures after 47 days of alternate Immersion In
Silver 0.05 1.0 0.4 1.0 3, 5 percent NaC I solution under applied stresses of
Magnesium 0.18 0,35 0.18 0.35 10, 20 and 40 ksl. The stress corrosion cracking
Titanium 0.15 0.35 0.15 0.35 resistance of this alloy Is judged to be superior to that
Silicon --- 0.05 --- 0.05 of 7079 forgings (3)(6).
Iron
Manganese
---
---
0.10
0.30
---
---
0.10
0.30 Kuclear Properties
2.04
Zinc --- 0.40 --- 0.~ J

Others (each)
(total)
---
---
0.03
0.10
---
---
0,03
0.10 3. MECHANICAL PROPEHTIES
Aluminum Balance Balance
3.01 SpecUied Mechanical Properties
(a) Comrncrclal '!Uallty swtd castings 3.0ll Tensile properties for commercial quality sand-
{b) Premtum qual.lty castings castings. Company specUicntion, Table 3. 011.

1. 05 He3t Treatment
1. 051 Solution heat treatment, T4 Condition (8).
940 to 970F, 2 hours+
970 to 985F, 14 hours, water cool (150 - 212F). TABLE 3 011
1.052 Age solution-treated material to T6 Condition (8). Allov KQ-1 Commercial Quality Sand Castings
Room temperature, 12 to 24 hours+ ESPD H101A
Source
305 - 315F, 20 hours, cooling rate not critical.
1,05~ Soaking periods given In 1.051 are for average sand Specimen A a) B{b)
castings after load has reached spccU!ed temperature. Temoor T6 T64 TG T64
In general, permanent meld and thin -wall castings
require less soaking tim~ (8). Ftu ksl 60.0 50.0 50,0 40.0
Fty ksl 50.0 28,0 40.0 25.0
e, percent 4.0 15.0 3.0 6,0

1.07 Forms and Conditions Available A. Specimens from separately cast test b~rs
This alloy Is a proprietary Item of the Electronic B. Specimens cut from castings (thin, mcrilum, and heavy
Specially Company, Pomona, California and Is the sections
subject of a pending patent application. A number of (a) Minimum properties
qualified foundries are licensed to produce premium lbl Avera~re orooortles
AIC
NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED:JUNE 1969

3,012 Mlnlmu m tensile properti es for premium quality

3.0213 Effect of ruq.csur e at elcvtW!d tempera ture on the room
AI castlDg s. Compan y specific ation, Table 3.012.
l:empera ture Ftu of T6 castings (tentativ e),
Figure 3. 0213.
4.8 Cu 3.0214 Tentativ e room tempera ture design properti es,
Table 3.0214.
0.5 AQ
0.25 MQ TABLE 3.012 TABLE 3 0214
Is..,..,e
0.25 Ti I Alloy
Source
KQ-1 Premium Quality Casting s
(41 ESPD i'102A
Allov
191
KQ-1
Specime n Form Castln~_
KO.I Cast A B
Conditio n T6 T7
Ftu, min- ksl Class 1(a) 10 2(a) 11
Classl 65.0 Class 10 60.0
Class 2 60.0 Class 11 60.0
Basis s s s s
Class 3 60.0 Class 12 55.0
Fty min- ksl Ftu' ksl 60 56 60 56
Class 1 55.0 Fty' ksl 50 4S 50 48
Class 10 50.0
Class 2 50.0 Class 11 50.0
F ,ksl
F~~. ksl
51 49 - -
Class 3
e(2 inches or 4D), miD -
50.0 Class 12 45.0
Fbru ksl
37 35 - -
percent e/D=1.5 90 84 - -
Class 1
Class 2
5.0 Class 10 5.0
e/0=2.0
Fbry ksl
15 107 -- -
5.0 Class 11 3.0
ClBBs 3 3.0 Class 12 3.0
e/D=1.5 77 74 -- --
A. Specime n cut from designat ed areas of castings
e/D=2.9
e(2 Inches or 4D),per cenl
90
5
86
3
--3 --1.5
B. Specime n cut from any aree. or castings
(a) Propert ies listed for this class are sppllnab le
to designat ed areas of the casting

3.02 3.022 Compre ssion.

Mechan ical Propert ies at Room Temper ature
3.021 3.0221 Stress-s train diagram s.
Tension .
3.0211 3.0222 Typical compre ssive yield strength , T6 Conditio n,
Stress-s train diagram s.
3.0212 Typical tensile properti es at room tempera ture, Fey= 63 ksl (1).
Table 3. 0212. 3.0223 Tentativ e design value for compre ssive yield strength
,
see Table 3. 0214.
3.023 Impact.
3.0231 Typical Chsrpy- V nctch :value for Ko-1-T6 castingS
Is 7.0 to 8.0 ft-lbs. Casting s can be supplied In a
T64 Conditio n with a typical impact strength or 15 n-Ibs
(1)(8).
3.024 Bending .
3.025 Torsion and shear.
3.0251 Typical ultimate shear strength values, T6 Conditio
n.
Fsu =40 io 43 ksi (1).
3.0?.1;~ Tentativ e design value for Fsu , see Table 3. 0214.
3.026 Bearing . .
3.0261 Minimum ultimate bearing strength values, FbN =
90 ksl (1).
3.0262 Minimu m beardlg yield strength values, Fbry =72
ksl
(1)
3.0263 Tentativ e design value for Fbru , see Table 3. 0214.
3.0264 Tentativ e design value for Fbry , see Table 3. 0214.
3,027 Stress concent ration.
3.0271 Notch propert ies.
3.0272 FI'DCture toughne ss.
3,028 Combin ed propert ies.

3.03 Mechan ical Propert ies at Various Temper atures

3.031 Tension .
3.0311 Stress-s train diagram s.
3.0312 Tensile propert ies at low and elevated tempera ture
Cor
sand and permane nt mold castings , Figure 3. 0312.
TABLE 3 0212
Source
(1)
Alloy
KQ-1
Ol.sting Process Ftu, ksl Fty, ksi a-perce nt
RanRB TvDical Raruoo Tvnlcal Rnnsro I Typical
Sand Castings (150 melts) 62-72 65 52-65 55 3.5-9.0 5.0
Perman ent Mold (2o meltsl 64-70 67 so-so 53 s.o-14. 0
Investm ent (bell type) 9.0
.... ...
Room tempera ture molds 62-67 65 54-56 55 s.o-1o. o 7.0
GOOF molds 52-60 56 45-50 49 3.0-G.O 4.0
 AIC
,.. RELEASED:JUNEI969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.032 Compression.
uor------ -,------,- ------.r-- ----,
3.0321 Stress-strain diagrams. AI
3.033 Impact.
3.034 Bending. 4.8 Cu
3.035 Torsion and shear.
3.036 Bearing. 0.5 Ao
3.037 Stress concentrallon.
3.0371 Notch properties. 0.25 Mg
3.0372 Fracture toughness.
3.038 Combined properties. 0.25 T'
.I ...
~~

- '..i ... _ ... : .... ':"~ ..~-~~ 1';:.

3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
Ko-1 cast
3.05 Fatigue Properties
3.051 Preliminary results of fatigue tests on notched and
smooth specimens from T6 castings, Figure 3,051.
3.052 Tentat!ve stress range fatigue diagrams for T6
castings at room temperature," Figure 3. 052.

3.06 Elastic Properties

3.061 Poisson's ratio.
3.062 Modulus of elasticity. E =10.0 X 103 ksi (8) ~~------L-----~------~~-----J
E = 10,3 x 103 ksl (9)
200 300 400 500 600
3.063 Compressive modulus. Ec =10.7 X 103 ksi (9)
EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE - F
3.064 Modulus or rigidity. G = 4.0 X 103 ksi (9)
(calculated value)
FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AT ELEVATED
TEMPERATURE ON THE ROOM TEMPERA-
4. FABRICATION TURE FTU OF T6 CASTINGS (TENTATIVE).
(9)
4.01 XQ..=ablllty
Not applicable to casting alloys.

4.02 Mncblnlng and Grinding

4.03 Welding
4.031 General. KOo1-T6 castings have been successfully
welded to 2014-TS wrought assemblies using the GTA
process. The resulting tensUe strength (<'tu = 42 to
49 ksl) Is comparable to the tensile strength usually
obtained from 2014-TS sheet or plate weldments.
4,032 Preliminary weld tensUe test results, Table 4. 032.

100r-~------.-----~----~-----T----~--~

TABLE 4.032 KOo1

Source (11) SAND AND PERMANENT MOLD
100
e- percent
~~te:)
Nominal spec Weld Offset
Tltlclmess Inch ksl c 0.5 in 2,0 ln

1/8 inch (d) 0.003 44.1. 10 3.5

9 2.5 80
0.007 31.8
0.003 49.1 10 3.5
I
0.002 43.7 12 3.5
::::>
0.003 44.4 ~~~ 3.5 1-<
r.. 40~~~--~~~----+ 60
0.003
lbl
47.2
40.0
.1
--12
4.2
--- ~
1/4 Inch (d) o.o 45.4 4.2
:><
0.028 45.0 9 3.5 1-<
0.027 45.4 9 3.2 20 40 r..
HOLDING TIME
0.029 42.5 8 3.5
0,030
0.025
44.7
45.2
12
11
4.0
3.2
0 ... 15 MINUTES
100 HOURS
0.024
0.023
44.0
42.6
13
10
3.5
3.2
0 1000 IIOURS 20

- --
(b) 38.0

(a) KOo 1-T6 pcrmMcnt mold mlssUe fin casUng welded to

2014-TG sh'Ct Wid plate, GT A process, 2319 Oller ~
l'l
20
.....
0 TAKEN FROM CASTINGS
SEPARATELY CAST TEST BARS 0

(b) Minimum tunsUe requirement for 2014 weldmcnts per 0

g:;
MA0107-016 l'l
(c) All failures occurred at edge of weld In KOo 1 side ll.
0
(d) TensUe specimens were 0. 75 inch wide by 8 inches long -400 -200 0 200 4(1(1 600
TEST TEMPERATURE - F

Heat Treatment FIG. 3.0312 TENSILE PROPERTIES AT LOW AND ELEVATED

TEMPERATURE S FOR SAND AND PERMANENT
 KQ-1
AI T6 CONDITION
4.8 Cu
0.5 AQ
0.25 MQ
A= 0.67
0.25 Tl
KQ-1 Cast

ROOM TEMPERATU RE

e NOTCHED
~=3

0 SMOOTH

0~------------~------------~------------~
~ ~ ~ ~
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3.051 PRELIMINAR Y RESULTS OF FATIGUE TESTS ON NOTCHED AND
SMOOTH SPECIMENS FROM T6 CASTINGS. (10)

REFERENCES

1, Electronic Specialty Company, Pomona Division,

Pomona, California, "Mechanical Properties of
Aluminum Alloy K0-1, The High Strength Premium
Quality Casting Alloy".
2. A. J. ller, "Development of a Manufacturing Process
R =-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 for Producing High Performance Aluminum and
Magnesium Alloy Castings", Northrop Corporation,
7 final report, AFML-TR-415 -208 (April 1965)
KQ-1 3, A. Olevltch (Editor), "Emerging Aerospace Ma!.t>rlals
T6 CONDITION and Fabrication Techniques", Prepared by Technical
6 AXlALLOAD Staff of the Air Force Materials Laboratory, Technical
f= 3600 CPM Report, AFML-TR-67 -1 (January 1967)
4. Material Specification ESPD fl02A, "Aluminum Alloy
K0-1 Premium Quality Castings", Electronic Specialty
~ 50 RT Company, Pomona Division (June 12, 1968)
I 5. Material Specification ESPD lOlA, "Aluminum Alloy
'""' High Strength K0-1 Commercial Quality Sand Castings"

~ 4 Electronic Specialty Company, Pomona Division

(June 12, 1968)
"'t.'l 6. J. Raffln, Avallahle Aluminum Castings as Strong
~ 3 0.4
7.
as Forgings", Modern Metals (February 1967)
J. B. Hallowell, DMIC Review of Recent Developments ,
;l "Aluminum and Magnesium", Battelle Memorial
II:
r.l Institute (April 26, 1968)
~ 2 B. Data Sheet, "Properties cl Aluminum Casting Alloys,
< K0-1 Alloy (4.8 Percent Cu- 0.5 Percent Ag)"
0.6
Olin Mathelson Chemical Corporation and Electronic
Speclslty Company. (date not given)
1 9. Thirly-81xth Meeting, Mllltary Handbook -5 Committee,
o.s Agenda Item 67-37.
10. K. J. Oswalt, "60-50-5 Aluminum Alloy Castings"
Noralr Division, Northrop Corporation, paper presented
Rl at the Symposium on New Developments In Aluminum
0 ~.0 20 30 40 50 60 70 Technology, Metallurgical Society of AIME, Cleveland,
MEAN STRESS - KSI Ohio (October 1967)
FIG. 3.052 TENTATIVE STRESS- RANGE FATIGUE DIAGRAM
11. C. s. Thatcher, Laboratory Memorandum , North
American Aviation, Inc., Space lnformatlon Systems
FOR T6 CASTINGS AT ROOM TEMPERATUR E
Division (October 12, 1966)
(9)

CODE 3108
 lhls heat treatable aluminum alloy Is one of the Dural Table 1.04. AI
type In which silicon Is added as another hardener along
with copper, magnesium and manganese. The alloy Is TAR!. 'L 114 4.5 Cu
available In plate, bar, tube, extruded shapes and forg Source AMS I 3 p.l9 (4, p.45
ings. In order to Improve the corrosion resistance of Core Claddin~r6003 Claddin26053"" I Mn
2014 for use In sheet, strip and plate, It Is clad with Percent Percent Percent
either 6003 or 6053. lhls cladding affects the mechanical Min Max Min Max Min Max I Si
properties to only a slight extent. The alloy exhibits high
strength, good forming characteristics, and it can be
Copper
Magnesium
3.90
0.20
5.00
0.80
-
0.80
0.10
1.50
-
1.10
0.10
1.40
0.5 Mg
welded satisfactorily by either fusion or resistance weld
lng techniques. An advantage of 2014 Is that It may be
Manganese
Iron
0.40
-
1.20
I. 00
-- 0.80
0.60
-- -
o. 35 2014,
formed In the as-quenched temper and subsequently Sillcon 0.50 1.20 0.35 1.00 o.5o 0.90
artificially aged to the T6 temper. Thus, forming
operations of gteater severity can be performed than
Zinc
Chromium
-- 0.25
0.10
-- 0.20
0.35
-
0.15
0.10
0.35
CLAD 2014
would be possible In the T6 temper. The alloy Is used
for aircraft and heavy duty structures, bridges, truck
Tllanlum
Other lmpurlt!es
- 0.15 - 0.10 - -
frames and structural fittings. each
total
--
0.05
0.15
--0.05
0.15
-- 0.05
0.15
Commercial Designations
2014 and Clad 2014. .Aluminum
Extteme limits
Balance Balance Balance

6053 also meets chemical composition specifications of 6003.

1.02 Alternate Designations
14S, Clad 14S, Alclad 14S, Alclad 2014 (all obsolete).
1. 041 The nominal cladding thickness on each side Is between
10 percent of the total thickness for sheet under 0. 25
1.03 SpecUicatlons
Inch thickness and 2 1/2 percent for material 0.100 Inch
1.031 SAE SpecUicatlons, Table 1.031.
and over.

1.05 Heat Treatment

!.051 Anneal
1.0511 Anneal heat treated material to 0 Condition. 750 to 800F,
2 to 3 hours, furnace cool 50F per hour maximum to 500F
maximum, (4).
1.0512 Intermediate anneals during repeated cold working 0
Condition. 650F, 30 minutes maximum. This an.,eal
TABLE I 031 can also be applied to heat treated material U only
Source I moderate fanning operations are to be pcrfonned.
~llnu 2014 !.052 Solution treat to (unstable) W Condition. 925 to 945F,
Soeclficatlnn SAE 20 minutes to 4 I /2 hours minimum, depending on thick
Temoer Form AMS Hdbk ness and equipment, cold water quench.
T651 Plate (bare) 4014 AA2014 1.0521 Maximum allowable quench delay times, Table 1. 0521.
0 Sheet aod plate (bare) 4028A AA20i4
T6 Sheet aod plate (bare) 4029A AA2014 TABLE I 0521
T6 Bar, rod, wire, shapes (rolled, 4121C AA2014 (28)
Source
drawn or cold finished)
Allov 2014
T4 Forging stock (die) 4!34A AA2014
Data IMart mum Quench delav times a
T6 Forging stock (die, haod) 4135] AA2014
Nominal thickness Maximum time seconds
T6 Bar, rod, shapes, tube (extruded) 4153B AA2014
::> O.OI61n 5
0.017 to 0.0321n 7
o. 033 to o. 091 In 10
i!:0.091 In IS
(a) Forlmmerslon type quenchlng,after solution treaanent

1.053 Naturally age W Condition. Room temperature, 4 days

minimum.
1.0531 To T4 Condition by supplier.
I. 0532 To T42 Condition by user for sheet, strip, plate and
extruslonH.
1.032 Similar SpecUicatlons, Table 1.032,
1.054 Cold work (roll and /or stretch) W Condition. I percent
to T3 Condition.
TABLE I 032 1.055 Stretch ("stress relief') W (T4) Condition to T451 Con-
Source 12211231 dition.
2014 1.0551 Sheet and plate, Stretch 1. 5 to 3 percent. No straighten
"'"" Sim Uar SoecUicatlons
Mllltaru l'm~rn' 1.0552
ing Is permlned after stretching.
Rod, bar, shapes. Stretch I to 3 percent. No straighten-
Product ASTiv
Bar, rod, shapes, tube ing after stretching unless negotiated.
(extruded) - QQA200/2b B221-65 1.056 Compress ("stress relief') W (T4) Condition to T452
(previously T45 Condition).
Bar, rod, wire, shapes
(rolled drawn or CF) - QQA225/4b B21J65 1.057 ArtUiclally age W (T4) Condition. 340 to 360F.
Sheet aod plate (bare)
Sheet aod plate (clad)
-
-
-B209-65
QQA250/3c B209-65
1.0571 All products except forgings to T6 Condition by supplier,
7 i/2 to 8 1/2 hours.
Forgings aod forging stock MILA-227718 QQA-367f 8247-65 1.0572 Forgings to T6 Condition. 5 to 14 hours.
Impact extrusions MILA-12545A - - 1.0573 Plate and extrusions by user to T62 Condition. 7 I /2 to
8 1/2 hours.
Structural shapes (rolled
or extrud<'<i) MILA-25994 - 8308-65 1.058 ArtUiclally aged T451 to T651 Condition. 340 to 360P,
7 1/2 to 8 1/2 hours.

CODE 3201
PAGE
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

1.059 Clad 2014 la heat treated and aged under the same
AI 2.02 Other Physical Properti es
condltlona as the hare material , but the shortest heat 2.021
treatmen t time consiste nt with securing the required Density. 0.101 lb per cu ln. 2.80 gr per cu em, (3).
4.5 Cu properti es, should be used.
2.022 Electrica l resistivi ty, Table 2. 022.

Mn 1.06 Hardnes s. See also 3, 0316. TABLE 2 022

Source 3, p.lOO
!.061 Typical hardness values at room temperat ure, Table
I Si 1.061. Coodltloo meetrlca l Resistivi ty at 68 FMlcro hm In
0 1.34
0.5 Mg Table 1.061 T4 2.25
Source T6 I. 73
(13)(24
Alloy 2014
2014, Condition unneu scwe Rockwell scale
0 2.023 Magnetic properti es. Alloy Is nonmagn etic.
45 H87-98
CLAD 2014 T4 !OS 865-73
T6 2.03 ~ .11 Propertie s
135 880-86
See 20:.4 and Clad 2024 also.
2.031 Corrosio n reslst4D ce
1.07 2.0311 The corrosio n resistanc e of 2014 alloy products depends
Forms and Conditions Available
1.071 AIIoy Is avaUable In the full commerc ial range of sizes on the temper and the thickness of section employed,
for sheet, plate, rod, bar, wire, rube, pipe, shapes, and Is compara ble to that or other high strength aluminum
forgings and forging stock. alloys such as 2024 and 7075.
1.072 2.0312 Corrosion resistan ce of the T4 Condition improve s
Clad alloy Is available In sheet, strip and plate. with
1.073 Conditions avallahle , Table I. 073. Increasin g rate of cooling. Therefor e, the corrosio n
resistanc e or thin sections Is superior to that bf thick
sections.
TABLE I 073 2.0313 Corrosio n resistanc e of the T6 Condition Improve s with
Source 3 decreasi ng rate of cooling. Therefor e, sections thicknes
Allov s
2014 and Clad 2014 than 1/8 inch are more resistant to corrosio n.
Product Available tempers 2.0314 Heating of 2014 for forming operatio ns has no apprecia
Bare sheet and ble
effect on the corrosio n resistan ce of the T6 Condition
plate ,
0, T3, T4, T45I, T6, 1'651 but may adversel y affect the resistanC e to corrosio n
Clad sheet and of the T4 Condition.
plate 0, T3, T4, T4SI, T6, 1'651 2.032 Oxidation resistanc e. See 2024.
Wire, rod, bar 2.033 Resistance to stress corrosion Jn various environments,
(rolled or CFl 0, T4, T45!, T6, T65I Table 2. 033.
Rod, bar,
shapes, tube
(extrUded) 0, T4, T45!0, T4SU, T6, 1'6510, T6511
Drawn tube 0, T4, T6 TABLE 2 033
Forgings T4, T6 ~Sour-.
25
All<N
2014 - T6
Fnrn-
0. 063 In sheet
I. 074 Rolled bar Is avaUahle up to 8. 0 Inches In diameter and Test Data R '"'""' : to ~,. nnnolnn
hand forgings up to 8.0 Inches In thickness : Environment Exposure Average loss.in Ftu percent
(days) Unstress ed Stressed 75% of l}y_
1. 08 Melting and Castleg Practice Inland Industria l 365 7 7
See 2024. Sea coast 365 18 28
3.5% NaCI
1.09 Special Consider ations (alternat e Immersi on 84 42 55
1.091 Overhea ted material exblbltln g eutectic melting or high
tempera ture oxidized material should not be used and
cannot be salvaged by reheat treatmen t.
1.092 AU quench operatio ns should be perfonne d as rapidly
as
possible , because of possible segregat ion which results
in reduced corrosio n resistanc e if cooling rate is 2.04 Nuclear PropenJes
slow.
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPBRTII!S 3. MECHANICAL PROPER TillS

2.01 Thermal Properti es 3.01 Specified Mechanical Propertie s

2.011 Melting range. 950 to 1180F, (3). 3.011 Aluminum Association mechani cal property limits for
2.0!2 Phase changes. Alloy Is strengthe ned by a precipita tion various products in 0 CondltJon, Table 3.011.
hardenin g mechaol sm and by cold work.
2.0!3 1bennal conductivity at room temperature, Table
2.013.

TABLR 2.013 TABLE 3.011

Sourc.. 3 o. 100 Som-e (3)
Coodltlon Thermal "!ooduc!lvltv.Rtu It tiPrlhron fT .E) Allov 20 4
0 ill Form Bar, j;.~ed ha Drawn Sheet and
T4 70 Wire , Ahpes tube plate
T6 89 Cooditloo 0
Thickne ss - In "'
8.00 dla All All 020to nsoo.,
2.014 0.499 1.000
Thermal expansio n, Pig. 2.014. Fru, max -ksl
2.015 35 30 32 32 32
Specific heat. 0. 23 Dtu per Ob F), (13),
2.016 Bmlsslvl ty In air. 0. 035 to 0. 07, (14).
Fty' ~ax
e, mw ...percent
ksi - 18 16 16 -
12 12 - 16 10

CODE 3201
PAGE 2
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.012 Aluminum Association mechanical property limits !or

bare sheet and plate, Table 3.012. AI
TABLE 3.012 4.5 Cu
\~I
~IIT'P
2014 I Mn
l.llov Plate
Sheet Plate Sheet
Ponn
Width
All
T6 T65
I Si
lr.nndlrlon T4 4 T45 T6
0.250- 0.500 1.001 2.001- 2.501- 3.001
Thickness, ln
0.020- 0,250- 1.001- 2.001- 0.020- 0.040-
0.499 1.000 2.000 2.500 3.000 4.000 0.5 Mg
0.249 1.000 2.000 3.000 0.029 0.249
57 64 66 67 67 67 65 63 59
mlnksl 59 58 58 2014,
"w mln-ksl 35 36 36 36 57 58 59 59 59 58 57 55
"~r,In),
e( min-percent 14 14 12 8 6 7 7 6 4 2 2 1
CLAD 2014
3. 013 AlumlnumAssoc latlon mechanical property limits for
clad sheet and plate, Table 3, 013.
TABLE 3 013
Source 3
mov Alclad 2014
_SheeL Plate Sheet Plate
Form
All All All All
Wfdrh
r.nndlrlnn _"1"4 T4,T45 T6 T6 T651
2.001- 0.020- 0.040- 0.250- o.soo- 1.001- 2,001- 2.501- 3,001-
0.020 0.040- 0.250- o.5oo- 1.001-
1b.lckness, in 0,039 0.249 0.499 1.000 2.000 3.000 0.039. 0.249 0.499 1.000 2.000 2.500 3.000 4.000

57 57 58 58 57 63 64 64 67 67 65 63 59
Ftu mln-ksl 55
34 36 36 36 36 55 57 57 59 59 58 57 55
mln-ksl 32
"~!'
e(: In), min-percent 14 IS IS 14 12 8 7 8 8 6 4 2 2 I

3, 014 Aluminum Association mechanical property limits !or

extruded rod, bar and shapes, Table 3,014.

TABLE 3 014
Source 1~. n.5~\

Allov 20i4
Form waruaea roo, oar, snapes BIXl " " " '
T6. '6510 nd T6! II T62
Condition rPIJll510Jll51 T42
All II All to 25 25 to 32 All to 25 25 to 32
Area -In' AI -:>Q, 750
"' 0.499 500to!l749 5 0.750 < o. 749 5o. 750
Thickness - in AI AI
60
so 60 64 68 68 60 60
Ftu min ksl so
60 58 53 53 53
Ftf min ksl
e( In) mlnpercen
35
12
29
12
53
7
58
7 7 6
I 7 7 6

3.015 Aluminum Assoclstlon mechanical property limits for 3.016 Aluminum Association mechanical property limits for
drawn tube, Table 3. 015. wf.re, rod, bar and forgings, rable 3. 016.

TABLE 3 015 TABLE 3 016

Sc:lurce Source (3)
Alloy 201 All~_ 20U
Form Drown tube IPonn Wire rod bar !bl Ole forJ<inf!S
T4 rtJ CondJtton T4 T451 T6 T651 T4 c T6(c T6(d)
Condition
Wall 0.018 0.025 0.050 0.260 0.018 0.025 o.oso 0.260 Diameter ln a , 8.000
55
.:.8.000
65 55
-65
0

64
Thickness, In to to to to to to' to to ptu mlnlcsl
0.024 0.049 0.259 0.500 0.024 0.049 0.259 o.soo Pr:y. mln-ksl 32 55 30 55 54

65 65 65 65 e(21n or 40),
P tu' mln-ksl 54 54 54 54 16 8 16 10 3
miri-percent
"fi' mlnksl
c( In or 40)
30 30 30 30 55 55 55 55
(a) Diameter or least distance between parallel faces
A mlnpercen 10 12 14 16 7 7 8 9 (b) Rolled or cold finished
B mln-percen - 10 10 12 - 6 7 8 (c) Specimen axis parallel to direction of grain flow
(d) Specimen axis not parallel tO direction of grain now
A - Elongation for a full section specimen
B - Elongation for a cut-out spcrtmen

CODE 3201
PAGE 3
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVIS0 MARCH 1966

p.02 Mec:hanfc:al Propenles at Room Temperature 3.032 Compression, See also 3. 0317.
AI See also 3. 01 and 3. 03, 3.0321 Stress-strain diagrams
3.021 Tension 3.03211 Stress-strain curves In compression for clad sheet In
4.5 Cu 3,0211 Stress-strain diagrams T6 Condition at room and elevated temperatures, Pig.
3.02111 Stress-strain curves in tension and compression for bar 3.03211.
I Mn and extrusions In T6 Condition, Pig. 3. 02111. 3,0322 Effect of exposure and test temperature on compressive
p.02112 Typical uniaxial and biaxial stress-strain curves for yield strength or clad sheet In T6 Condition, Pl.g. 3. 0322.
I Si sheet In T6 Condition, Pig. 3. 02112. 3.033 Impact
p.0212 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on room 3.0331 Effect of low temperatures on Cbarpy V Impact properties
or plate, Pig. 3. 0331.
0.5 Mg tP.mperature tensile properties of alloy In T6 Condition,
Pig. 3, 0212. 3,034 Bending. See 3, 024.
3.0213 Typical mechanical properties at room temperature, 3.035 Torsion and shear
2014, Table 3.0213. 3.0351 Effect o! exposure and test temperature on shear strength
or clad sheet In T6 Condition, Pig. 3.0351.
CLAD 2014 TABLB 3 021~ 3.0352 Effect of low temperature on shear strength or sheet
Source (15, .9 In T6 Condition, Pig. 3, 0353.
Alov 2014 Clad 2014 3.0353 Effect of test temperature on Pbru Pbry and P su or clad
Porm Wrou t nroducts sheet In T6 Condition, Pig. 3, 0353.
Condition 0 T4" T6" 0 TJ T4" T6
Pru, typ - ksl 27 62 70 25 63. 61 68 3.036 Bearing. See also 3, 0352.
Pry typ - ksl 14 42 60 10 40 37 60 3.0361 Effect of exposure and test temperature on bearing
Psu typ - ksl 18 38 42 18 37 37 41 properties of clad sheet In T6 Condition, Pig. 3. 0361.
e, typ-percent 18 20 13 21 20 22 10 3.037 Stress concentration
Hardness, BHN
Also T451
45 105 135 - - - - 3.0371
3,03711
Notch properties
Effect or low test temperatures on notched and smooth
Also T6S1 sheet In T6 Condition, Pig, 3.03711.
3. 022 Compression. See 3. 032. 3.03712 Effect of low temperatures on tensile and sharp notch
3,0221 Stress-strain diagrams. See 3.0321. properties of sheet In T6 Condition, Pig. 3.03712.
3. 023 Impact. See 3. 033. 3.03713 Effect of low test te.mperature on notch strength and fracture
3. 024 Bending tougbness of sheet In T6 Condition, Pig. 3. 037!3.
3. 0241 Ratio of bending modulus of rupture to tensile strength 3,0372 Fracture tougbness. See 3.03713 and 3.037!4.
for tubing In T6 Condition, Pig. 3.0241. 3.038 Combined properties.
3.025 Torsion and shear. See 3. 035.
3.026 Bearing. See also 3. 036. 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Propenlcs
3.0261 Bearing property reductions for thick plate, Table 3,0261. 3.041 Creep and creep rupture curves for alloy In T6 Condition
at 212 to 600P, Pig. 3.041.
3,042 Short time total strain curves for clad sheet In T6 Condl
TABLB 3 0261 tlon at 300 to 600P, Fig. 3. 042.
Source 5 3.043 Isochronous stress -strain curves In tension for alloy in
Bearln~ Prn~,.., ..;;;,..;.:Onn- ~?~n T6 Condition at 400P, Pig. 3. 043.
Thickness-In 1.001 - 3 000 3 001-4nnn
Pbru(e/D = 1.5) 20 15 3.05 Fatigue Properties
Pbru(e/D = 2. 0) 20 15 3.051 Typical fatigue strength of alloy In T4 and T6 Conditions,
Pbry(e/D = 1. 5) 5 0 Table 3.051.
Pbrv(e/D = 2. 0) 5 0

3.027 Stress concentratl~n. See also 3 037.

3.0271 Notch properties
3. 02711 Strength of sheet containing shallow cracks, Pig. '3,02711 TABLE 3 051
3. 0272 Fracture toughness Source 5,- D. 78)(6)( 18, -0. 83)
3.028 Combined properties Form All
Temp Stress Stress Fatigue Strength - ksl
3.03 Method Concen-
~~
Mechanical Propenlcs at Various Temperatures RT at Cycles Ref
3.031 Tension Condition A R tratlon 105 Io6 107 108 5xio8
3. 0311 Stress-strain diagrams. See also 3. 0211. T4 jR.ot > -1 Smooth
3.03111 Stress-strain curves for alloy in T6 Condition at var1ous beam K I 42 34 27 22 20 (18)
temperatures, Pig. 3.03111.
3.03112 Stress-strain curves for clad sheet In T6 Condltlon at T6 Smooth
room and elevated temperatures, Fig. 3.03112. K I 39 30 24 19 18 (6)
3.03113 Stress-strain curves for sheet in T6 Condition at low Notched
temperatures, Fig. 3.03113. K 8 21 14 10 9 9 (5)
3.0312 Typical tensile pro~rtics at various temperatures Cor
alloy In T6 Condition, Plg.J.0312.
3.0313 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper~
ties or alloy In T6 Condition, Pig. 3. 03!3.
3.0314 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper-
ties of clad sheet In T6 Condition, Pig. 3.0314.
3.0315 Effect of tow test temperature on tensile properties of 3.052 Average stress range dJagrams for bar and extrusions in
sheet and bar In T6 Condition, Pig. 3.0315. T6 Condition, Pig. 3. 052.
3.0316 Effect of low temperatures on tensile properties and 3.053 Stress range diagrams for smooth and notched bar In T6
hardness of forgings In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0316. Condition, Pig. 3. 053.
3.0317 Effect of test temperature on Ptuo Pry and Fey of clad 3.054 Scatter hand of fatigue data for smooth and notched hand
sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0317. forged bar In T6 Condition, Pig. 3. 054.
3.0318 Effect of exposure on room temperature tensile properties 3.055 S- N curves for alloy tested In air and In simulated sea
of T6 forged rod, Pig. 3. 0318. water, Fig. 3.055.
3.0319 Ef~cct or exposure on room temperature tensile propenles 3.056 Effect or strain cycling on fatigue life of T6 bar, Pig.
of T6 rolled and drawn rod, Pig. 3. 0319. 3.056.

CODE 3201
PAGE 4
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

i\ 3.06 Elastic Properties 4.0141 Approximate bend radii for 90 degrees cold bend, Table
3.061 Poisson's ratio (elastic and plastic), Table 3.061. 4.0141. AI
TABLE 4 0141
4.5 Cu
Source 3 Mn
TABLE 3 061 IAllov ~014
Source (26) Data Approximate bend rndll !or 90 degree I Si
loy 2014-T6 ~olrllvonrl IAl
ProperlY folsson's Rallo elastic and olasllc values Form Sheet 0.5 Mg
orm 0. 125 In sheet a IThickness-In 1 16 l/8 1/4 1/2
rain Direction clastic olasllc 0 0 0 0 - It 3 - 5t
Longitudinal "' 0.33 "" 0.48 T3 2- 4t 3- 5t 4 - 6t 5.5- 8t 2014,
ransverse 0.27 I 0.52
(a) Purchased In the form of clad, heat treated sheet.
T4
T6
2- 4t
3- 5t
3 - 5t
4- 6t
4- 6t
6 -lOt
5.5- 8t
8 -lit CLAD 2014
Cladding removed prior to testing (a) Radll for various thickness sheet In terms of thickness, t

4.02 Machining and Grinding

4.021 This alloy Is readily machined In all conventional machin-
3.062 Modulus of elasticity, E. Ing operations. Best machinability Is obtained In the
3.0621 Bare products, hardest temper. ln the softer tempers, alloy tends to be
Condition 0, T4 and T6; E = 10.6 x 103 ksl, somewhat gummy.
Clad products, 4,022 Typical grinding operations usc a wheel of type A46KV
Condition 0, T3, T4 and T6; E = 10.5 x 103 ksl, (13). at a speed of 6000 feet per minute and table speed of 60
3.0622 Effect of temperature on E and Ec, Fig. 3. 0622. feet per minute. A down feed of about 0. 001 Inch per
3.0623 Compression modulus, Ec Is approximately 2 percent pass will give a rough finish. A fine finish Is produced
higher than tonslon modulus, E, (13). at 0. 0005 Inch per pass. A water base emulsion Is used
3.063 Modulus of rigidity as the grinding fluid.
3.0631 Design value at RT. G = 4.0x 103 ksl, (5). 4.023 Removal of material by either clectro-chcmicnl mllllng
3.064 Tangent modulus (ECM) or chemical milling may be successfully accom-
3.0641 Typical tangent modulus curves for clad sheet at room plished.
temperature, Fig. 3.0641.
3.0642 Tangent modulus curves in compression for clad sheet 4.03 Welding
in T6 Condition at room and elevated temperatures, Fig. 4.031 General. The heat treatable alloys, such as 2014, arc
3.0642. slightly more difficult to weld than the non-heat treatable
3.0643 Typical tangent modulus curves for extrusions and rolled aluminum alloys. However, with proper precautions,
products at room temperature, Fig. 3. 0643. refined techniques and close control of variables, the
2014 alloy Is satisfactorily welded by both fusion and
resistance techniques.
4. FABRICATION 4.032 Fusion welding Is usually accomplished by TIG or MIG
Sec also 2024 alloy. welding methods using 4043 or 2319 aluminum alloy flll~r
wire when required. Generally, the alloy is used In the
4.01 Formability "as welded" condition, with the weld joint about twice th<:
4.011 General. The alloy exhibits good forming charactcristlcs, thickness of the base metal to compensate for the lower
superior to alloys such as 7075 but Inferior to 6061 ulloy. strength in this condition. Stress corrosion tests huve
Jn the 0 Condition, Its formability Is comparable to 2024- Indicated that ..us welded .. joints have superior corrosion
0, and theW Condition Is slightly better than 2024-W. resistance to joints aged after welding. The strength of
4.012 Forming. welded joints Is apparently reduced by porosity and
4.0121 Forming operations may be perfonncd In the freshly mismatch of parts and these factors should be held to
quoochcd (W) Condition and maximum formablllty is a minimum wherever possible. Strength of joints may
attained Immediately aft~r quenching within about 20 also be lmpaued by repair welding.
minulCs. U refrigeration is used the following maximum 4.0321 Effect of welding speed on tensile strength of TIG welds,
holding tlmcs ar~ suggested: Fig. 4.0321.
RT 20 minutes, 4.0322 Combined effect of porosity and mismatch for TIG welded
32F 24 hours, sheet, Fig. 4. 0322.
20F 3 days, 4. 0323 Effect of cryogenic temperatures on tensile propcnles or
Zero F 7 days.
weldments and parent metal sheet In T6 Condition, Fig.
4.0122 For mlld operations, the :1!loy :an be formed in the TJ
4.0323.
or T4 Conditions, but this Involves die allowances for
4. 0324 SN fatigue curves for TIG butt-welded sheet at room and
"eprtngback .. and general Inconvenience as compared
cryogenic temperatures, Fig. 4.0324.
with fonnlng In the W Condition. 4.033 Resistance welding of 2014 alloy Is ouccessfully accom-
4.0123 Mat~ rial In T6 Condition has very limited formability
plished but requires special practices. Spot welds arc
at room temperature and Is comparOJble to 7075T6. Hot
best made in heat treated material. Spot welding of
fonnlng at 350-700F may be used to advantage for T6
annealed material Is not recommended. Corrosion
Condition but time at temperature should be limlt~d to resistance of clad material Is good but resistance of bare
the values given In Fig. 4.0123.
material Is poor.
4.0124 Hot forming In W or T4 Conditions is permissible only Brazing and soldering of 2014 products arc not recom-
4. 034
If subsequently aged to T6 Condition und offers little
mended.
advantage over hot forming In T6 Condition.
4.013 Forging
4.0131 1l1c 2014 alloy Is widely used as a forging alloy and It 4.04 Heat Treatment
has forging characteristics superior to ,7075 or 7079
alloys. Starting temperature 875F maximum, finishing 4.05 Surface Treatment
temperature 600F minimum. Maximum temper.nurc 4.051 ,'~loy is available as Alclad sheet and plate which have a
should not be cxcecdt:d to prevent hot shortness, parti- very high Inherent resistance to corrosion and may be used
cularly In hammer forging. without benefit of protective coatings for many applications.
4.014 Bending 4. 052 A wide variety of surface treatments may be employed to

CODE 320 I
PAGE !5
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

protect and improve surface appearance . T'o~ese Include

AI mecbanical, chemical and electrochem ical finishes and A14.5CuI Mn1SiO.S Mg
organic, porcelain and paint coatlogs. Detalled inform- 0.125 IN SHEET
80 T6COND
~......)
4.5 Cu atlon 1a avallable from the producers of aluminum alloys.
-x
L
~XIAJ."2:I
~
Mn 13.51\\
I Si UN{XIAL
60
0.5 Mg BIAfuL 1:1

2014,
40
CLAD 2014 14
f'\14.5Cu1 Mn1Si-O. SMg
MBAN COI!F LINEAR
ntBRMAL EXPANSION
//

~
v 20

0
FROMRTT O 0 2 4 6 8 10
TEMP INDICATED
11200 - 0 200 400 600
FIG. 3.02112
NOMINAL PRINCIPAL STRAIN PERCENT

TEMP F TYPICAL UNIAXIAL AND BIAXIAL STRI!SSSTRAIN CURVES

FOR SHEET IN T6 CONDITION (26)
FIG. 2.014 nmRMAL EXPANSION (4,p.35)

80 Al-4. 5Cu-1Mn1S i-O.

SMg
ROLLBDBA R
ROD AND SHAPBS
--
v
T6COND
60
~

40
t:;:31N

7
v
20
---TENSIO N
--COMPRE SSION

1110 I
:.,:80 EXTRUSION
t ~o.soo IN , '-

~ ~
.ARBA! 25 SQ IN

60 F- --

40
~125 TO 0.499 IN

/
20

0 v
0 0.002 o.(la4 o.oo6
STRAIN IN PBR IN
0.008 0.010 200 400
:n!MP F
609 800

FIG. 3,02111 STRBSSSTRA.IN CURVES IN TENSION AND FIG. 3,0212 BFFBCT OF EXP06URB TO ELEVATED
COMPRESSION FOR BAR AND EXTRUSIONS TEMPERAT URE ON ROOM TEMPERA
IN T6 CONDmON (5, p. 86, 88) TURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY
IN T6 CONDITJON (6)

CODE 3201
PAGE 6
 AIWT
REVISEDMARCHI966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

.......,. 1.6 Al-4. SCulNnlSI-Q. SMg AI

1,4
\ ruBING
T6COND
70
4.5 Cu
I Mn

\ 60
I
0.5 Mg
Si

1.0

0.8

0.6
"' "" -- ........
tij
:..:
50

40

30
400F
2014,
CLAD 2014

0 20 40 60 80
RATIO OF TUBE DIAMETER
TO WALL TIIICKNESS D/t

FIG. 3.0241 RATIO OF BENDING MODULUS OF RUPnlRE

TO TENSILE STRBNGTII FOR TUBING IN T6
CONDITION (5, p. 117)
TENSION

0~----~~~
0.002
~~~~----~
0.004 0.006 0.008
~~~
0.010
STRAIN IN PER IN

FIG. 3.03111 STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR ALLOY IN T6

CONDITION AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES
(20, p.12I8)

200 F
50 ~-----+~----~~~~~~~300~F~
Al-4. 5Cu-1MnISIO. SMg
0. 100 IN BARB SHEET
2.0 RTTBST
Fro 72 KSI, T
~=0.0022
1,0
0.8 '-SLOPE = 1/22

~~""= -
~0.6

"'
~0.4
CRACK
SOOF
0,2 ~
1-- SHALLOW CRACK AREA2/3 CRACK
DBP1lixCRACK LENGTH AT SUR
10
600F
W = 1.5 IN FACB,AND IS BQUAL TO ARBAOF TENSION
0,1
TIIROUGH CRACK <ftl 0
0.001 0.01 0,1 o. 002 0. 004 0. 006 0. 008 0. 010
ltw snuiN IN PBR. IN
PIG. 3. 03112 STRESSSTRAIN CURVES FOR CLAD SHEET
FIG. 3,02711 STRENGTII OF SHEBT CONTAINING SHALLOW CRACKS IN T6 CONDmON AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
(27) (8,p.l15120)
TEMPERATURI!S

CODE 3201
PAGE 7
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

Al-4. 5Cu-1Mn1SI-0,5M g
AI 0,100 IN SHEET
4.5 Cu
100 T6 COND
--- r--
-
I
I
Mn
Si
L.,T

~ .....
~
__ ~

~
~23F
80
v,, . .
0.5 Mg

2014,
~
0
60
~
-- ~-

C'
V-320F

llOF 80 l----+---1-----l---\-~.--l---140~
!<.

CLAD 2014 ill

Ol
..."'
"' ~
40
~40~--4----+----+-~~--
1<.

20
20 1lX E AT ELEVATED TEMP
e 1/2 HR
--L 0 IOOHR
--- T Sg~~~IO~OO~H~R---+-----4----~r-----r-~--i
0 I
0 0,040 0.080 0.120 0.160
STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG, 3,03113 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET IN T6
CONDITION AT LOW TEMPERATURES (29)

TEMP- P
FIG, 3.0313 EFFECT OP EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION
Al-4. SCuIMnISi O,SMg (6)
JOO T COND

... ~

60
80

'""' ~ b-.. -' '"TU

..... 60

lil
~

40
F.;;-

1\ 1----4----\-~r---1----1 40~
~

'
!<.

20
SPECIMENS ElcroSED ul> TO
10, 000 HOURS AT TEST TEMP F
PRIOR TO TESTING
~~
0 ~
/~
80
~
~ 't: 20 llXPOSU E
~40

_ /"
IL .. 1/2HR
..."'
Ol
...
e(2 IN)
-~- OICOHR
41000 HR
0
400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 TEMP -F
TEMP- F FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF EXI'OSURE AND TEST
FIG, 3,0312 TYPICAL TENSILE PROPERTU!S AT VARIOUS TEMPERA- TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
TURES FOR ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION (30) PROPERTIES OF CLAD SHEET IN
T6 CONDITION (8, p. 91)

CODE 3201
PAGE 8
 REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWT

AI
4.5 Cu
I Mn
I Si

v: 0.5 Mg
"'
2014,
CLAD 2014

400 300 200 100 0 +100

TEMP F 110

FIG. 3.0315 EFFECT OF LOW TEST TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE Al-4. SCuIMnISIO. SMg
T6 FOI.JINGS
PROPERTIES OF SHEET AND BAR IN T6 CONDITION
~
(AMS 4135})
(19, p. 14)(20, p. 8) 100

90
A
~- ~
80
}.
"'- ~ FTU

""-.
~ ~ '--....
A
70 '
~
TY~ --t
~
60 r--- .....
so
160
A .. RA ....
-
30

20 !;:
"'u
....... e(l IN)
-. 10 ffi
"'

--v
140 0

~ "tRDNESS l
120
400 300 200 100 0 100
TEST TEMP F
FIG. 3.0316 llFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES AND HARDNJ;SS OF PORGINGS IN TilE
T6 CONDITION (31)

CODE 3201
PAGE 9
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

80
AI 4,5Cu1Mn 1Si0.5Mg
0. 064 IN CLAD SHEET
4.5 Cu T6C ND
60
Mn
I Si
~
0.5 Mg 40

2014,
20 -
CLAD 2014

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
TEST TEMP F
FIG. 3.0317 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERA'I1JRE ON Fru, FTY AND Fey
OF CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION (S)

80

80
Al4,5Cu1M n-1SIO. 5Mg
60 RO LED AND DRAWN ROD

-.......
T6 COND

""
1'-, L
60
80 40 12 "'-,
~
' ...
Fru

60 20
i:
"'
'--

"\ ~' ' 4

~
60
', 0 20

~ ',
i:: 40 0
"' 40
12 0
~'-,
~ \,.
20
i::
0
"' 20
e 30 MIN
80 A96 HR
10,000 HR
~
TESTED AT RT
0
~ e(2 IN)
40
"'a:t.l f-o
z 20
t.l
"' "'a:
t.l
~- ,......---
0 "'"' 0
200 400 600 800 200 300 400 500 600
EXPOSURE TEMP F EXPOSURE TEMP - F
FIG. 3.0318 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE ON ROOM
FIG. 3,0319 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE ON ROOM TEMPERA'I1JRE
TEMPERA'I1JRE TENSILE PROPERTIES
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF T6 ROLLED AND DRAWN
OP T6 FORGED ROD (34) ROD (34)

CODE 3201
PAGE 10
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

6
Al-4. SCu-IMn-ISl-0. 5Mg CLAD Al-4.5Cu-1Mn-1Sl-O.SM AI
"'-'I(!.
711 0. 064 IN SHBBT
T6COND llo

>-
4
0. 500 IN PlJt.TB
T6j_OND

.......
,__-
-r-r- r-..L
-:....
45 Cu
Mn

~
t:>
a: 1-o..
l>l
z
l>l
I Si
1-o 2
0 0.5 Mg
:: IE CHARPY V
2i
0 I 2014,
-400 -300 -200 100 0 100
TEST TEMP P
CLAD 2014
FIG. 3,0331 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURES ON CHARPY
V IMPACT PROPERTIES OF PLATE (29)

COMPIU!SSION
0
0 0. 002 o. 004 0. 006 0. 008 0.010
STRAIN - IN PBR IN

PIG. S. 03211 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES IN COMPRESSION FOR

CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION AT ROOM AND
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (8,p.l21-126)

TEMP -P

FIG. 3,0351 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND

TEST TEMPERATURE ON
SHBAR STRENGTH OF CLAD
SHEET IN T6 CONDITION
(8,p.9~)

70
Al4. SCuIMnISIO. SMg
0.100 IN SHEBT
~ T6 COND
60
~ ';:
~
a:
;:j
50 ~ Psu

400 X ~
T-" .rL
TBMP-P "'
PIG. 3.0322 EPPECTOP EXPOSURE AND 40
TEST TEMPERATURE ON 400 300 200 -100 0 100
COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH TEST TEMP F
OF CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDmON
(8,p.92) PIG. 3.0352 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON SHEAR STRENGTH
OF SHEET IN T6 CONDITION (29)

CODE 3201
PAGE Jl
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEQMARCH 1966

120 !.
A14, SCuJMnJSiO.SMg
AI CLADSHBBT "-
T6 COND
4.5 Cu
100
Mn
I Si
80
0.5 Mg

2014,
i2 60
CLAD 2014

40

OL-----~----~----~----~----~----_.--~
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
TESTT!!MP F
FIG. 3.0353 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON FBRU FBRY Af,O ~'su
OF CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION (8)

100

80 i2

60 .
::l
..:
"'
100 40

80 20

0
- 60
!.2
>-
gl40
"'

el/2 HR
QIOOHR
O L-.:~l;;;.OOO~H.:..;R~--.1.....----..L.---J
0 200 400 600
TBMP- F
FIG. 3, 0361 EFFECT OP EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMP- F
TEMPilRATURil ON BllARING PRO
PiiRTlllS OF CLAD SHilllT IN T6 PIG, 3,03711 llFFilCT OP LOW TEST TEMPERATURES ON NOTCHRD
CONDITION ANDSMOOJ1i SHEET INT6 CONDITION
(8, p.93) (19, p.J4)

CODE 3201
PAGE 12
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1966
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

110
A14.5CuIM nISIO. SMg AI
O. 125 IN SHI>ET
. T6 COND 4.5 Cu
100 ... I I Mn
~ &L

~
! Si
I
OC.O.T
90
0.5 Mg
~
~'= .:::::-
FTU

'~ _ 2014,

- "''-- -
~ 80
0... ~ ..;
'~
....... . . . r- . . .
70
...... .....
............
--'__()
.......-::.._.... ......

-..:::-~
CLAD 2014

.... FTY
::::::_31

60
~
~ -- --- --- __ .A
N~R~ ~OTC~:N~O---
so
20

I-
f-
z
"'
u 10 .. ~--
cf
,.,i;;;\- --- ---Q

"'..."'
0
400 300 200 100 0
i
100
TBSTTEMP F
FIG. 3.03712 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE AND
SHARP NOTCH PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN T6 CONDITION
(32)

o SMOOTH
A NOTCHED
t;. 3.2 O.OIJ O.hl 0.4
o NOTCHED 6. 3 0. 00~ 0. 10 ,\, 4
" v NOTCHED 2~ 0.00.)7 0.3:; 1.11
FRACTURE TOL,'GHNBSS CALCULATE D
2 2
~;p.u;,;::;r~ FROM llQ Kc c 11' a6 , WHERE a IS
1/2 INITIAL NOTCH LBNGTil AND NCI.
'<1-f-i~-LJCRITICAL CRACK LENGTil, C! IS GROSS

0 10.)

FIG. 3.03713 EFFECT OF LOW TEST TEMPERATURES ON NOT:H

STRENGTH AND FPACTI.iR E TOwilNESS OF SHEI!I'
IN T6 CO..,'DITION (21, ;>.19JI9S)

CODE 3201
PAGE 13
 80
AI AI4. SC."u!MnISIO. SMg so ;
"\.._.., j
4.5 Cu
60
--
T6 COND

Mn 40
1-- r----- -
~
---- -- 2I2F
40

I Si
~-....
""=====
0.5 Mg 3D

2014,
20
-RUP'I} RE
'" ~OOF

,,~ i2
---111\ } 20
CLAD 2014 --0.511\ CREEP
i2
IO
--0.211\ I
I ' \
IO

J-.....
6
,...., ....... r- . . . . . . . . . .
4
.... t--- ...................... ~
r--, ......... ..... ...... ......... STRAIN IN PER IN

~
........... ........ ............
_ FIG. 3.043 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS-STRAIN
............. ~- CURVES IN TENSION FOR ALLOY

2 ..... IN T6 CONDITION AT 400F

(9,Fig. I)
0.1 IO 100 1000
TIME HR
FIG. 3. 04I CREEP AND CREEP RUP'IURE CURVES FOR ALLOY
IN T6 CONDITION AT 2I 2 TO 600F
(6)

100
g
80

60
300F
400F 0.2711\
40
40
SOOF AI4.5Cu IMnISIO .SMg
BAR, EXTRUSIONS

20
~ 30
T6 COND

i2 600F
"'gj
r;
"'0 20

~
10
8 ~

"'']
a: 10
6 0 311\ "'1-
-l
4 511\ TOTAL STRAIN
<
V'll\\
4 0
0.001 0.01 0.1 10 20 0 20 40 60 80
TIME HR MEAN STRESS KSI
PIG. 3.042 SHORT TIME TOTAL STRAIN CURVES FOR CLAD FIG. 3. 052 AVERAGE STRESS RANGE DIAGRAMS FOR BAR
SHEET IN T6 CONDITION AT 300 TO 600F AND EXTRUSIONS IN T6 CONDmO N
(10, p.33, 34) (12,p.966)

CODE 3201
PAGE 14 ....
 r'\1 WW I
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS.ALLOYS

60
Al-4. AI
4.5 Cu
50
Mn
I Si
40 0.5 Mg

30 2014,
~ CLAD 2014
~ 20
~
"'0
~
~ 10
..:
Dl
(-o
...:1
< 0
30

20

10

0 20 40 60 80 100
MEAN STRI!SS - KSI
PIG. 3. 053 STRESS RANGE DIAGRAMS POR SMOOTH AND NOTCHED
BAR IN T6 CONDITION (II)

50 r-------~~------~----- ---~------~
Al-4. 5Cu-1Mn-1SI-O. 5Mg
HAND PORGED BAR
T6 COND

K 2.4

10 SPECIMEN:
SMOOTH: 0.100 IN RD
NOTCHED: 75% DEEP,
60" ANGLE
O.OIOr
0. 200 CYLINDRICAL
105 1o6 loB
NUMBER Of' CYCLI!S
PIG. 3.054 SCATTER BAND OP PATIGUE DATA POR SMOOTH AND NOTCHED
HAND PORGED BAR IN T6 CONDmON r,-;~1

CODE 3201
PAGE 115
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1966

34 80
AI AI-4.5Cu-1Mn-ISI-0.5Mg Al-4. SCu-IMnISI-0. SMg '-....,.~ ...
T6 COND CLAD SHEET
4.5 Cu 32 T6 COND
60
I Mn 30
T
Si ~

0.5 Mg
~ 28 40 ~
~
"'"'
"'"'f-o 26 THICKNESS 0.020-0.039 lN
2014, "'z0 20
24
CLAD 2014 i=oo(
z
22 ::::,.....
"'"'f-o
0

r=::::: ~
...l
60
oo(
20

18 TESTED IN AIR 40
TESTED IN SIMULATED N
S A WA ER THICKNESS 0. 040-0.249 IN
16
4 5 5
5. 10 10 5 X 10 lo6 5. 106 10
7 20
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3.055 S-N CURVES FOR ALLOY TESTED IN AIR AND IN TANGEN( MoouLys AT RT I
SIMULATED SEA WATER (36) 0
0 4 6 10
~ r.o COMPRESSIVE TANGENT MODULUS- 1000 KSI
A1-4. 5Cu-1Mn-1SI-O. SMg

"'"'
0..

15
BAR STOCK
T6 COND
FIG. 3.0641 TYPICAL TANGENT MODULUS CURVES FOR CLAD
SHEET AT ROOM TEMPERATURE (5)

z0"'oo( 0.1
"'z
:;:
.e: e TOTAL STRAIN
ill 0 PLASTIC STRAIN
...l
<

t
7.
c:::> o.or
f-o
G
z
3 CONTROLLED STRAIN
CYCLING TESTS
R =-I
o.orr ~1 ---~~~o----:-!1o:::o--~~:::oo':::o::---~I~o. ooo
CYCLES TO FAILURI; Nf
FIG .1.056 EFFECT OF STRAIN CYCLING ON FATIGUE LIFE
OF T6 BAR (37)

120
AI-4.5CuIMn-ISi-0.5Mg
~ ........_
>
...l
oo(

f-o
a:
100 r---
"""'
u.
0
!;. 80
"'ua: MODULUS 01' F.LASTICITY
~
il! (E AND Rc)

60
I I 0
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 0 6 10 12
1000 KSI
TEMP' F
FIG, 3,0<42 TANGEI'rr MODULUS CUKVES IN COMPRESSION FOR
FIG. ~.0622 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ONE AND Ec CLAD SHEET IN TG CONDmON AT ROOM AND ELE-
fS) VATED TEMPERATURES (8, p.l83-!88)

CODE 3201
PAGE 16
 REVISED MARCH 1966
NONFERROUS ALLOYS '"''"'
80
r4.5CuIM nI510.5M g
.........r-_ Al4.5Cu1M nISIO.SM
0. I 25 IN SHEilT AI
....,_
rT
70
60 t 4.5 Cu

~~
T6 BASE METAL
1
~125- 0.0391N ({>~ L
Mn
.>:25SQIN AFFECTED ZONE
40 60
STRENGTH I Si

20

llXTRUSI NS
50
I /.
WELD FAILURES
I I
I

!
0.5 Mg

2014,
CLAD20 14

.-" , ... -~----~----- -

0

60
-r--- IS 31N
--;:--[\
40

/
/ "'
6061 HEAT AFFECTED
ZONE STRENG,~

40 /
30 /

20
ALLOY IN T4 CONDITION, TIG SQUARE-BUTT
MACHINED WELDED AND AGED
ROLLED ,BAR. RO' AND SHArES 20
0 10 20 30 40
0
0 6 WELDING SPEED !PM
10
FIG. 4. 0321 EFFECT OF WELDING SPEED ON TENSILE
COMPRESSIVE TANGENT MODULUS 1000 KSI
STRENGTH OF TIG WELDS (38)
FIG. 3.0643 TYPICAL TANGENT MODULUS CURVES FOR
EXTRUSIONS AND ROLLED PRODUCTS AT
ROOM TEMPERATURE (5)

60
<\14. SCulMnIS IO.SMg
0. 090 IN SHEET

50
' 1
AUTOMATIC TIG WELDS,

Al-4. SCuIMnIS I-0. 5Mg

SHBET 40 \ DC STRAIGHT POLAR!
TY, 4043 FILLER WIRE
"AS WELDED''

~
......_~IQROSITY

--
T6 COND

t-- ...
...
30
'
(.HIGH IQROSITY
I
EACH PT AVG OF 10 TESTS

20 I I
I I
I I
_j_
T
"'e I
MISMATCH (%) (e/T) 100
500
FOO.MING TEMP F 10 0
20 60 80
FIG. 4,01:!3 MAXIMUM TIME AT V.\RIOUS TEMPER MISMATCH PERCENT
ATURES FOR HOT FORMING SHEET IN FIG. 4, 0322 COMillNED EFFECT OF IQROSITY AND MIS
T6 CONDITION (17, p. 133) MATCH FOR TIG WELDED SHEET (39)

CODE 3201
PAGE 17
 '""''"ra::::.nnvu;:, ALLUT::i REVISED MARCH 1966

90
AI
4.5 Cu
80
Mn
I Si
~70
0.5 Mg

2014, 60

CLAD 2014
50
e FTU PARENT METAL
0 FTY
.6. FTUJ WElD SPECIMEN(T)
A FTY

WELDMENTS MADE BY ElniER

AUTOMATIC TIG OR MIG PROCESS

e(2 IN)

-200 -100

TE5rTEMP F

FIG. 4. 0323 EFFECT OF CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES ON

TENSILE PROPERTIES OF WEIDMENTS AND
PARENT METAL SHEET IN T6 CONDITION
(33)

80
Al-4. SCU-lMn-lSI-0.5~~
0. 063 AND 0. 125 IN SHEET

60

~
~
;s;
40
TIG BUTT WELDS, 4 AND 6 IPM TEMP-F L T
SPEED,2319 FILLER WIRE, Al
BACK-UP WITH COPPER INSERT
-423
-320
c
A
lil20 RT "" 0
:,.:80
.____
60
1---I--
--
..
~
40

5rRESS RATiO: R = 0
-
EACH PT AVG OF 3 TO 5 TE5rS
20
0 400 800 1200 !bOO 2000
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 4.0324 S-N FATIGUE CURVES FOR TIG BUTT-WElDED SHEET
AT ROOM AND CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES (21)

CODE 3201
PAGE 18
 REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
-'c ..
;;.
'~ . AI
AMS 4014, Qune 30, 1964)
AMS 4028 A, Quly IS, 1961)
AMS 4029 A, Quly IS, 1961)
AMS 4121 C, Qanuary 31, 1964)
AMS 4134 A, (February 15, 1952)
AMS 4135 J, Qar:uary 15, !962)
AMS 4153 B, Qanuary !5, 1962)
2 "The Aluminum Data Book", Reynolds Metals Co., (1958)
3 Aluminum Associatio n, "Standards for Aluminum Mill
Products", Eighth Edition, (1965)
4 Aluminum Co. of America, ''Aluminum Handbook", (1962)
5 Military Handbook 5, "Metallic Materials and Elements
for Flight Vehicle Structures ", Dept. of Defense, FSC
1500, (August 1962)
6 Aluminum Co. oC America, Research Laborator ies, "Data
Sheet", (August 29, 1957)
7 Aluminum Co. of America, Research J...aboratorie&,
"Tensile StressStr nln Curves for 2014T6", (Septembe r
26, 1958)
Miller, D. E., "Detennln ating Physical Propenies of
Ferrous and Non-Ferro us Structural Sheet Materia)& at
Elevnted Temperat ures", AFTR 6517, Pt. 3, (Decembe r
1953)
9 Howell, P.M. and Stickley, G. W., "Isochronous Stress-
Strain CUrves for Several HeatTrea ted Wrought Aluminum
Alloys at 300 and 400'F," Alcoa Research ;..aborator ies,
Mechanica l Testing Div., (April 29, 1958)
AIWT
10 Van Echo, J.A., Wlnh, W.F. and Simmons, W.F.,
"Sbon-nm e Creep Propenles 4 Structural Sheet Materials
for Aircraft and Missiles", AFTR 6731, Pt. ill, (May !955)
11 L8zan, B. J, and matherwlc k, A. A., "Fatigue Propenles
of Aluminum Alloys at Various Direct Stress Ratios",
4.5 Cu
WADC TR 52307, Pt. U, (Decembe r 1952)
12 Howell, P.M. and Mlller, D. E., "AxlalStr ess Fatigue Mn
Strengths of Several Structural Aluminum Alloys", ASTM I
Proceeding s, Vol. 55, (1955) Si
13 American Society for Metals, "Metals Handbook", 8th
Edition, (1961) 0.5 Mg
14 American Society for Metals, "Metals Handbool:", 7th
Edition, (1948) 2014,
IS Aluminum Co. of America, "Aluminum Sheet and Plate,
General Informatio n, Mechanica l Propenles , l'hyslcal CLAD2 014
Propenles ", Product Data, (Decembe r!, 1961)
!6 General Electric Co., "Data Sheet", (April 26, 1957)
17 Kaiser Aluminum Corp., "Sheet and Plate Product
Informatio n", 2nd Edition, (1958)
18 Aluminum Co. of America, ''Structura l Handbook", (1960)
19 General Dynamics Astronauti cs, "CompUation of Materials
Research Data 4th Quanerly Progress Repon !'base
!", Rep. AE 6201383 , (March 1962)
20 Bell Ae1osystems Co., "!'base U Cryogenic Propenles
of 20141'6 and A-286", BLR6!35 (M) Rev. A., Qune
?.9, !962)
21 Crulstian, J. L., "Physical and Mechanica l Propenies of
Pressure Vessel Materials for Applicatio ns In a Cryogenic
Environme nt", ASDTDR 62258, (March !962)
22 Departmen t of Defense, "Index of Specificati ons and
Standards" , Pan I, Alphabetic al Listing, (Septembe r 1964)
23 ASTM Standards, "Light Metals and Alloys", Pan 6,
(October 1965)
24 Materials In Design Engineerin g, Materials Selector
Issue, (Mid-Octo ber 1965)
25 Sprowls, D. 0. and Brown, R. H. , ''Stress Corrosion of
Aluminum", Metal Progress, Vol. 8!, No. 4, (April !962)
26 Terry, E. L. and McClaren, S. W., "Biaxial Stress and
Strain Data on High Strength Alloys for Design of Pressur
ized Componen ts", Chance Vought Corp., ASDTDR 62
401, (1962)
27 Bockrath, G. E. and Glassco, J. B., "Fracture Toughne~s
of High Strength Sheet Metal", Douglas Missile and
Space Systems Div., (Marcb !963)
28 Military Specificati on, MILH608 8 C, (October !5, !962)
29 Schwanzb erg, P.R. et al., "Cryogeni c Materials D::ta
Handbook", Manln Co. Denver, MLIDR 64280,
(August !964)
30 ''The Aluminum Data Book", Reynolds Metals Co., (1965)
31 Belton, J. H. et al., "Materials for Use at Liquid Hydrogen
Temperatu res", ASTMSTP 287, (1960)
32 Hanson, M. P. eta!., ''Sbarp Notch Bebavlor of Some High
Strength Aluminum Alloys and Welded Joints at 75, 320,
and 423F, ASTMSTP 287, (!960)
33 Lucas, W. R. and Cataldo, C. E., "Some Low Tempera
ture Properties of Aluminum Alloy Weldments ", ASTM
STP-287, (!960)
34
"Repon on the Elevated Temperatu re Propct~Jes of
Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys", ASTMSTP 291,
(October 1960)
35
Paul, D. A. and Wang, 0. Y., "Fatigue Bebavlor of 2014
T6, 7075T6 and 70791'6 Aluminum Alloy Regular
Hand Forgings" , WADCTR -59591, (1960)
36 Austin, C. W., "Rotating Beam Fatigue and Corrosion
Fatigue Propenles of Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys",
Rpt. No. DSTNI69 , Army Balllstlc Missile Agency,
(February 1958)
37
Smith, R. W. eta!,, "Fatigue Behavior of Materials Under
Strain Cycling In Low and Intermedia te Life Range", NASA
Lewis Research Center, NASA TN Di574, (1963)
38 Burch, w. L., "Fusion Welding of 2014 Aluminum Alloys",
Bell Lab Repon BLR 6141 (M), Bell Aerosyste ms Co.,
(1961)
39
Bandelin, R.G., "Evaluatio n of the Combined Effects of
Porosity and Mismatch on Weld Strength of 20141'6
Aluminum Alloy", Manin Co., (1964)
CODE 3201
PAGE 19
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

1. GENERAL AI
This recently developed best treatable alloy contains
copper, manganese, lithium and cadmium as hardeners. 2.01 Thermal Properties
Melting range. 97S t 90 F, (1, p. 2).
4.5 Cu
The alloy bas room temperature properties comparable 2.011
to those of 707 Sand an elevated temperature performance 2.012
2.0121
Phase changes. AllO) subject to precipitations.
Time-Temperatu re-Transformatio n Diagrams.
I u
somewbat superior to that of 2024. This alloy Is recom-
mended for use up to a temperature of 400 F. lt Is 2.013 Thermal conductivity. 0 Condition, 61 Btu ft per 0.5 Mn
available In all wrought forms on an experimental basis. (hr sq ft F). T4 and T6 Conditions, 51 Btu ft per-
Sheet and plate are produced both bare and clad with
(hr sq ft F), (1, p. 2). 0.2 Cd
Al-l. 2Zn (7072). 2.014 Thermal expansi<>n, Fig. 2. 014.
2.01S Specific heat.
2.016 Thermal dlffuslvlty
X 2020,
Commercial Designation. X 2020.
1.01
CLAD
1. 02 Alternate Designations. None. 2.02 Other Physical Properties X 2 O2 0
2.021 Density. 0. 098 lb per cu ln. 2. 71 gr per cu em, (1, p. 2).
Specifications. Table 1. 03. 2.022 Electrical resistivity. 0 Condition, 2. 6 microhm In, T4
1. 03
and T6 Conditions, 3. 2 microhm In, (I, p. 2).
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic.
TABLE 1.03 2.024 Emissivity.

I~ M!l!ta~
Form 2.025 Damplnr. capacity.
Sheet, plate MlL-A-888~ASGl
2.03 Chemical Properties
2.031 Corrosion resistance of X 2020-T6 is equal to or superior
to that of the other high strength aluminum alloys.
1.04 Composition. Table 1. 04.
2.0311 See 4. 05 for corrosion protective plating ard surface
treatmen,s.
TABLE 1.04 2.032 Oxidation r"sistance.
SOurce 2
Percent 2.04 Nuclear Properlic
Min Max
3. MECHANiCAL PROPERTIES
Llt!llum o. 9 1. 7
Cadmium 0.10 0.3S
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
Manganese o. 30 0.8
Copper 4.0 s.o Static Properties at Room Temperature. See also 3, 03.
lron
SUIcon
-- 0.40
0.40
3.02
3.021 Tension.
3.0211 Room temperature stress-strain curves in tension exposed
Msgneslum - 0.0:5
500 hours at elevated temperatures for sheet, extrusions
Zinc
Titanium
-- 0.2S
0.10
and b.lr in T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0211.
Typical tensile properties of bar and extrusions In T6
--
3.0212
Others, each o.os Condition, Table 3.0212.
total 0. 1S
~lnm!num Balance TABLB 3.0212
Source (l, p._26)
Alloy X~D
1. OS Heat Treatment
Porm PcmzedBar ~
1. 051 Anneal heat treated conditions to 0 Condition. 77S F,
I hr minimum, cool SO F per hr maximum to SOO F Condllion T6
maximum, (I, p. 7). S!ae -In 2 3/16x6 21/2 X 2x3 2x4 Spu
l.OS2 Solution treat to (unstable) W Condition. 9SO to 970 F, 2.1/2 Cbord
20 min to 4 1/2 hr depending on thickness, water quench, F tu typ-lall L 80 78 82 86 91
(1, p.6). T 78 75 76 81 83
Age W Condition to T6 Condition. 31S to 325 F, 16 to 20 n 76 82 79 80
!.OS3
hr, (1, p.6). Fty typ-ksl L
T
"73
74
72
71
73
73
80
76
85
78
1.{)6
1.061
Hardness
Hardness. Table 1.061. e (2 In or ' D),
ST

typoopercent L
72

a
71

6
78

10
72

a
"6
TABLB I 061 T 3 4 J 4 3
(1, p.ll) _ST 3 4 2. 4 3
Source
BHN (500 kg, 10 mm
Condition
0
T6
s
150
3. 02!3 Average tensile and hardness propenles of sheet extrusion
and plate in T6 Condition and additional heat treatment,
Table 3. 02!3.
3.02!4 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatures on tensile
See 3, 0213 for additions! hardness data. properties of bar in T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 02!4.
1.062 3.02!S Effect of exposure of 500 hours at elevated temperatures
1.07 Forms and Conditions AvaUable an room temperature tensile properties of sheet, extru-
1. 071 All wrought forms are avaUable on an experimental basis. sions and bar In T6 Cordltion, Fig. 3. 0215.
Sheet and plate are produced both In bare and clad formo. 3.022 Compression.
1.072 Sheet and plate art: a vallable In 0 and T6 Conditions, 3.0221 Stress-strain curves In compression for sheet ard extru-
forgings In T6 Condition. sions In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0221.
3.0222 Room temperature stress-strain curves in compression
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice. General aluminum alloy exposed 500 hours at elevated temperatures for sheet,
practices are complemented by special provisions for extrusions and bar In T6 Condition, Fig. 3,0222.
preventing lithium from wrnlng out. 3. 0223 Effect of exposure at 500 hours ar elevated temperature on
room temperature compressive yield strength of sheet,
1.09 Special Considerations. See 2024. extrusion and bar In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0223.
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

>.

TABLE 3.0213
.;,..;
AI Source IS --;;:3 41
4.5 Cu Allov
Form
Clad X 2020
Sheet 10-~uolnn

+HT
v ?n?n

T6
- ..... T6+fiT
Condition T6 T6 +HT T6 T6 +HT T6 T~
I Li Thickness - In 0.063 -
T L T
0.5 Mn Direction
6
L
6 4 3
No. of S""cimens
0.2 Cd Ftu' Avg- ksl 73.5 72.3 74.3 73.2 80.5 78.3 78.8 78.7
76.8
Ftv Avg - ksl 70.5 67.9 69.5 68.7 76.1 75.4 77.5
e(21n)"Avg,>ercent 6.8 7.6 6.3 5. 8 9.5 9.5 2.0 2. 7
X 2020, RC Ava 76.8 77.0 76.2 68.7 91.5 91.4 89.3 89.8
CLAD ST 950-970 F + WQ +Age. 18 hr at 320 F.
1 In gage for extrusion and plate.
X 202.0
3.023 Impact. 3.061 Modulus of elasticity at room and elevated temperature,
3.024 Bending. Fig. 3.061.
3.025 Torsion and shear. 3.062 Modulus of rigidity at room temperature, 4200 ksi, (1, p. 3).
3.0251 Typical hear strength of alloy In T6 Condition, F 8 u = 3.063 Modulus of elasticity In compression at room and elevated
49 ksl, (1, p. 8). temperatures for sheet In T6 CoW!tion, Fig. 3. 063.
3.026 Bearing. 3.064 Tangent modulus curves In compression exposed 500 hours
3.026t Typical bearing properties or ailoy in T6 Condition, Table at elevated temperatures for sheet, extrusions and bar In
3.0261. T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 064.
3.065 Secant modulus curves In compression exposed 500 hours
TABLE 3 0261 at elevated temperatures for sheet, extrusions and bar
Source I n.8 In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.065.
Condition r6
e/D ~ ? n
4. FABRICATION. Similar to7075. Additional and
Fbru 120 152 different Information Is noted below.
Fbry 105 120
4.01 FormabilitY
4.011 The W Condition appears to possess forming properties
3.0U Stress concentration.
slightly inferior to those or 2024 when freshly quenched.
3.0271 Notch properties. However, this alloy age hardens at room temperature
3.0272 Fracture toughness. very slowly and If formed within 100 hr, refrigeration
3.028 Combined properties.
Is not necessary, {1, p. 4). Effect or aging at room
temperature on tensile yield strength of solution treated
3.03 Static P1 opertles at Various Temperatures. material, Fig. 4.0ll.
3.031 Tension.
4.012 Bending. Bend factor for various conditions, Table 4. 012.
3.0311 Stress-strain curves for bar In T6 Condition at room and
elevated temperatures, Fig. 3.0311. TABLB 4.012
3.0312 Stres$-straln curves In tension at room and elevated tern- Source 1, D:4f
peratures for sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 0312. Form 0. 064 In 5'-t
3.0313 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper- Condition lleDd l'&c!Or
ties of bar In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0313. L T
3.0314 Effect or test temperature on tensile properties of sheet 0 Dtol Dtol
In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0314. w
3.032 Compreslcm. a1ler 12 daya Ito% 1 to z
3.0321 Stress-strain diagrams. 30 days Ito% lto2
3.0322 Effect of test temperature on compressive yield stress of 9D days 11/2 to 2 lto2
sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 0322. T6 Sto6 4to6
3.033 Impact.
3.0331 Effect of test temperature on Impact strength of bar In T6
Condition, Fig. 3. 0331.
3.034 Bendtng. 4.02 Machining and Grinding
3.035 Torsion and shear.
3.0351 Effect of test temperature on ultimate shear :'trength of 4.03 Welding
sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 0351.
3.036 Bearing. 4.04 Heat Treatment. Solution heat treatment or X2020 In
3.0361 Elfect of test temperatures on bearing propetties or sheet furnaces used for other high strength alloys has shown no
In T5 Condition, Fig. 3. 0361. evidence of harmful deterioration after the usual required
3.037 Stress concentration. periods. Some loss of Ll from the surface has been
3.0371 Notch sensitivity noted, to a depth o! about 0. 001.
3.0372 Fracture toughness.
3.038 Combined properties. 4.05 Surface Treatment
4.051 Plating. Tests performed on specimens plated with
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties chromium, tin and nickel showed poor adhesion results
3.041 Creep and creep rupture curves at 212 to 400 F for bar when no pretrelltment was used. Acceptable adhesion
In T6 Condition, Fig, 3. 041. results when a sodium zlncate pretreatment was used.
3.042 Isochronous stress strain curves In tension at 212 to No detrimental effects In adhesion were noted as a result
400 F for alloy In T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 042. of 100 hour heat soak at 350 F. Chromium and tin plating
3.043 Creep rupture curves at elevated temperatures for sheet did not meet salt spray corrosion resistance requirements
In T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 043. when exposed to 700 hours heat soak at 350 F. Chromium
and nickel plating galvanic corrosion test specimens when
3.05 Fatigue Properties exposed to three phase Immersion failed within 48 hours,
3.051 5-N curvea; for sheet at room temperature and 275 F in (6, p.1, 2).
T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 051. 4.052 Casting. Tests performed on specimens prepared with
3,06 Blastic Properties Type I and II anodic castings and lrldite 142 Coating

I CODE 32021
 '.

AIWT
REVISEDMARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

passed tensile requirements after salt spray exposure. 100

Elevated temperatures exposure decreased salt spray Al-t. seu-11.1-o. sMn-h. 2Cd AI
corrosion resistance. Each coating exhibited exhibited 3/4 BND BAR (FORGED)
no vislbl~ signs of corrosion after 360 hours exposure to I= ....... T6CONO 4.5 Cu
120 F, 95% relative humidity or 48 hours exposure to 3 80
plv.!se salt water Immersion, (1, p. 1). I Li

60
"ro .\' ' \ ~ 0.5 Mn
14 0.2 Cd
ocor
Al-t. SCu-lL!-o. 5Mn-0.2Cd

/
\
',
'-~- X 2020,
13 CLAD
l
VALUES BELOW v X 2020
RT ALSO APPLY
TOT6 COND /
v
-20
f.! SO
---.. ' ........
"
PTY 1'. \
60

10
I
I MEAN COEF LINEAR
THBRMAL EXPANSION

TO JMP
TBSl"BD AT RT
'.
\.
',
\
\
\
FROJ RT
~ICATEDI
--lj2HR}
- - - 100 HR ~BXPC URB '
'':-.....
9
200 0 200 600
20
~20
--1000 HR
'-
TBMPF e ~_;
PIG. %. Ol<i nmRMAL BXPANSION
=
leo
(1, p.2) 0 100200 300 500
TBMPF
Al-4. SCu-lLI-0. SMn-0. 2Cd FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF EXI'U;URE TO ELEVATED TEMPER
HR BXP AT TEMP IND., TEST AT RT ATURES ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF BAR IN T6
RT RT CONDITION (1, p. 24)
300P 300P

400P

400P

0.012
STRAIN IN PER IN

PIG. 3. 0211 ROOM TEMPERATURE STRESS-STRAIN CURVES IN

TBNSION BXPOS0 500 HOURS AT ELEVATED TEM
PERATURES FOR SHEET, EXTRUSIONS AND BAR IN
T6 CONDITION (3, p.2528)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

AI .1. AI-4.5Cu-1LI-Q.5Mn0.2Cd
!I~ COND, 500 HR I!XP

ll
4.5 Cu STRAIN R TE 0.005 IN PER IN PER MIN
0

Li
D.5 Mn
"' 0

~
0.2 Cd
FTU
X 2020, - 0
CLAD
X 2020
80
-'--0
~ ~ 0

'
7

~
FTY

0
PIG. 3.0221 STRBS&6TRAlN CURVBS IN COMPRBS
0.060 IN SHEET T SlON FOR SHBBT AND BXTRUSIONS IN
A LIGHT I!XTRUSION T6 CONDmON (1, p. 12, 13)
50 1/4 IN x 2 1/2.1N >: l
2 1/2 IN, ANGLE - L
HEAVY I!XTRUSION
2.1N x 4 IN FLAT BAR -

,'
L
4.0 f- " 3/4 IN BAR L
10 0r----~----~~----~,-A-I--4-.-5C~~r--1L-1--0-.5-M~
1 n--0-.-2~--.

T6 COND, 500 HR EXP AT TEMP INO, Tl!STED AT RT

3Q

/
0
-- ....v RA

0
A
~
e(2 IN)
0
0 100 200 300 400
TEMP- F

FIG.3.0215 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE OF 500 HOURS

AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE ON
ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROP-
ERTIES OF SHEET, EXTRUSIONS AND
RAR IN T6 CONDITION (3, p, 8-11)

STRAIN - IN PER IN

FIG. 3.0222 ROOM TEMPERATURE STRESSSTRAlN CURVES 1N

COMPRESSION EXPOOED 500 HOURS AT ELEVATED
TEMPERATURES FOR SHEET, I!XTRUSIONS AND BAP.
IN T6 CONDITION (3, p. 2932)
 AIWT
REVISEDMARCHI963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

100
9
Al-4.5Cu-1Ll-O. 5M.,-0, 2Cd Al-4.5C,u-1Ll-0. 5Mn-O. 2Cd
AI
T6COND
500 HR EXP
T6 COND
BAR
4.5 Cu
80 80 I Ll

~
212 p
_.;. 300P 0.5 Mn
-.:::::::: 0.2 Cd
7
60
- -
6
FCY

~ X 2020,
CLAD
~
X 2020

.,..
30 MIN EXPOSURE

~
0. 060 IN SHEET T
LIGHT EXTRUSION
1/4 IN x 2 1/2 IN x 2 1/2 IN
511-- ANGLE- L - 60
Hl!.WY EXTRUSION
2 IN x 4 IN PLAT BAR - L
.... 3/4 IN BAR j L
2' I
0 100 200 300 400
TEMP- P

FIG. 3.0223 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AT 500

HOURS AT ELEVATED TEMPER-
ATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATURE 100 HR EXPOSURE
COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH TBNSION
OF SHEET, EXTRUSION AND BAR
IN T6 CONDITION (3, p.13-16) 0 0. 004 0. 008 o. 012 o. 016
STRAIN - IN PBR IN
FIG. 3. 0311 STRBSS-STI\A1N CURVES FOR BAR
IN T6 CONDITION AT ROOM AND
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
(1, p.14, 15)

12!Q-----.-----~----~----,
Al-4.5Cu-1Ll-D. 5Mn-D. 2Cd
0. 064 IN SHBET, T6 COND,
100 HR AT TEMP, AC AND
tod------1- REHEAT TO TEMP, HOL
15 MIN

0.012 0.016
STRAIN - IN PER IN

FIG. 3. 0312 STRBSS-STRAINCURVES IN TENSION

AT .ROOM 11ND ELBVATEDTBMPBR-
ATURES FOR SHEET IN T6 CONDI-
TION (~ p. 22)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE0 1 MARCH 1963

AI 100 I 00
A1-4. SCu-ILI-IJ. SMn-0. 2Cd
0.064 IN SHEET, T6 COND,
4.5 Cu 100 HR AT TEMP, AC AND
Li 80
REHEAT TO TEMP, HOLD 80
--.;;;::::

"\
0.5 Mn
0.2 Cd: FTU
60- t- 6
~
X 2020, I

CLAD ~
100 4()tz.
... 40

'
X 2020

80 20
FTY
~ 0

_60
12
0 4

0
L
T
1\ l

'
I

j::
a.40
e
~
1/2 HR c(2 IN)
0 100 HR BXPOsURB
.1DOOHR 0
20
100 200 300 400 500
TEMP- F

FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPLIATURE ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN ToS CONDITION
e(4 0} (4, p.21)

200 0 200 400 600

TBMPF
FIG. 3. 0313 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF BAR IN T6 CONDITIOI\
(1, p.9)

EACH POINT AVERAGE OF

3 TESTS. PERFORMED ON
DIFF HEATS IN DIFF LAilS
!00 200 300 400 500
TEMP- F

FIG. 3.0322 EFFECT OF TESTTP.MPERATURE ON COM

PRESSIVE YIELD STRESS OF SHEET IN Tfl
CONDITION (4, p. 23) .....
 AIWT
REV I SED l!ARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Al-4. SCu1LI-Q. SMn-o. 2Cd AI-4.SCu1LI-Q.5 0.2Cd

0. 064 IN SHEET, T6 COND,
AI
T6 COND, BAR, SOAKED
30 MIN AT TEl P 100 HR AT TE!.tP, AC AND 4.5 Cu
REHEAT TOTEM , HOLD
,.-- 1S MIN 60 I Li
0.5 Mn
1 0.2 Cd
AVG 3 BSTS IECHAIRPYV X 2020,
-100 -so 0 so 100
CLAD
TEMP- F
X 2020
FIG.3.0331 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE
~
ON IMPACT STRENGTH OF BAR IN
140 --+---.ll--4\-...;.-+---boo .=>
T6 CONDITION (4, App. 1, p. 2) fl.'ti.

EACH POINT AVERAGE

OF 3 TESTS PERFORMED
IN DIFP LABORATORIES
~~--~~--~~--~~--~~--~-
0 300 400 soo
TEMP- F

PIG. 3.0361 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURES ON BEAR

lNG PROPERTIES OF SHEin' IN T6 CONDITION
(4, p. 24, 2S)

.- .I Al-4. SCuILI-Q.SMn-o. 2Cd

0.064 IN SHEET, T6 COND, 100 HR
AT TEMP, AC AND REHEA o' TO
TEMP, HOLD 15 MIN

..
~
~
Fsu

20

0
0 100 200
TEMP- F
300
"" 400 soo
- - RUPTURB
- - - I .Q'l CREBP
-' - 0. S\t CREBP
----o.21tCREBP

TIMB- 'fll
\

PIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OP T&'IT TEMPERATURE ON ULTI- FIG, 3. 041 CREEP AND CREEP .RUPTURI!: PROPERTIES
MATE SHEAR STREN(lTH OF SHEET IN T6 CURVES AT 212 TO 400 F FOR BAR:;: T 6
CONDITION (4, p. 23) CONDITION (1, p.10)
AIWT
NO.NFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE!> MARCH 1963

80
AI
4.5 Cu
Li 60

0.5 Mn
0.2 Cd
540
X 2020,
CLAD zo
X 2020
400F
0 TENSION
0 0. 004 0. 008 0. 012 0 0. 004 0. 008 o. 012 0 0.004 0.008 0,012
STRAIN - IN 1'BR IN
FIG. 3.042 ISOCHRONOUS STRilSS-STRAIN CURVES IN TENSION AT 212 TO 400 F FOR ALLOY IN
T6 CONDITION (1, p.J6-18)
12
Al-4. :i(."u-lLl-D. SJ.tn;.o. 2Cd

11 .., BAR
lr6 corm

'~
..........

10

--- ....~
~ ~ B STATIC

400 F

2
!~.-~------~------~10~-----1~00
TIME- H!l r ~-
\
PIG. 3. 043 CREEP Rli'TURE CURVES 1\T
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
7
(I)
--(4) ~
FOR SHEET IN T6 CONDITION
(4, App. !, p. 2)
100 HRS AT TEMP
+AC+REHBAT
TO TEMP FOR

15 MIN
6
0 200 400 600 800
TBMPP

7~----~~-------r---------r--------r--------, FIG. 3. 061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT RC>CX-.1

Al-4. SCu-ILI-0. SMn-0. 2Cd AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
0.064 IN SHEET, T6 COND (1, p.a)(4, p.21)
Al-4. 5CuILI0.5Mn-0 . 2Cd
0.064 IN SHEET, T6 CONO,
R=O.l 100 Hll AT TEMP. AC.: AND
TENSION - TENSION 1 2 ! 1 - - - + - - - + RI!HBATTOTEM P, HOLD
IS MIN
RT
o 275 F
PERFORMED IN
OIFF LABORATORIES

!OS 10
NUMBER OF CVO::LES TEMP- F

FIG.3,Q63 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN COMPRESSION

PIG. 3.051 .5-N CURVES FOR SHEET -~T ROOM TEMPERATURE AND
275 F IN T6 CONDITION AT RC>CX-.1 AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
f4, :> 33, App. !, Table 6) FOR SHEET IN T6 CONDITION (4, p.23)
 I Al-4. 5Cu-1LHl. SMn-0. 2Cd .JA14.5Cu-1LI0.5Mn-0.2Cd
AI

--
T6 COND, SCO HR EXP AT THMP IND T6 COND, 500 HR EXP AT TEMP IND
TESTED AT RT TESTED AT RT 4.5 Cu
8 8

~ - RT RT
-:::::- I Li

6
300 F
RT

~ J::::::.....
3;;;-
~
6
300 F.;

K 300~ 0.5 Mn
0.2 Cd
'---- F"
r----
--"'
-........... 350

~
350F-

~ X 2020,
4 1-- CLAD
..___ 4

2
~ r--
0.060 IN
SHEET
LIGHT EXTRUSION
400 F

1/4 IN x 2 1/2 IN x 2 1/2 IN

- 2
400 F

0. 060 IN SHEET
T
'--- ~
400F
UGHT EXTRUSION
1/4JN;:2 1/2JN X
2 1/2 IN
X 2020

T AtKiLE- L
ANG EL
...........
~ ~ ~300F
300 F

~
--;:;---
~ t---.
---- ~
300 F

60 6
............
350 i"""'
~ ,........_
40

20
HEAVY EXTRUSim
r-- r---
2 IN x 4 IN FLAT BAR
400F
1~ r-...

--
400 F
3/4 IN BAR - L
COMPRESSiON
r-- 4

2
400?

HEAVY
EXTRUSION
~IN x 41N FLAT
"""" - 350>

400 F

3/41NBARL
COMPR,SION
t......

t'-
.........

0
L
I BAR- L
0 4 12 0 4 12 8 12 8 12
1000 KSI 1000 KSI

FIG. 3.064 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION EXPOSED 500 FIG. 3.065 SECANT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION
HOURS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR SHEET, EXTRU- EXPOSED 500 HOURS AT ELEVATED TEMPER-
SIONS AND BAR IN T6 CONDITION (13, p. 41-44) ATURES FOR SHEET, EXTRUSIONS AND BAR
IN T6 CONDITION (3, p. 4144)

40
Al-4. 5Cu1LI-O. SMn-0. 2Cd
WCOND
AGEATRT ~
30
~
~
~ FTY
Ei 20 ~

RT
10
0 10 100 1000 10,000
AGING TIME - HR

FIG. 4. 011 EFFECT OF AGING AT ROOM TEMPBR.\TURB

ON TBNSII.E YIBLD STRHNGTH OF SOLUTION
TRBATED MATERIAL (1, p. 22)

CODE 3202
PAGE 9
MIU I

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

REFERENCES
AI
Aluminum Co. of America, Sales Development Div.,
4.5 Cu "Alcoa Alloy X -2020". (Sept. 1, 1958)
2 MlL A -8882 (ASG), (Aug. 5, 1959)
I Li 3 General Dynamics Corp., Convair Div., "Material -
0.5 Mn X2020-T6 Sheet, Bar and Extruded - Stability of -
Determination of", Rep. No. FGT-2264, Oune 22, 1959)
0.2 Cd 4 General Dynamics Corp., Convair Div., "Material -
X2020 Aluminum Alloy - Mechanical Properties at Room
and Elevated Temperatures - Determination of", Rep. No.
X 2020, FGT 2410, (Aug. 28, 1959)
CLAD 5 McDonnell Aircraft Corp., 'Tensile Properties and Heat
Treatment of X2020-T6 Sheet", Rep. No. 8869, Ouly 10,
X 2020 1962)
General Dynamics Corp., Convair Div., "Processing -
Plating Systems - Unclad 2020 Aluminum Alloy - Chemical
and Physical Properties - Evaluation of", Rep. No. FGT-
2407, (April 12, !960)
7 General Dynamics Corp., Convair Div., "Material -
Unclad 2020-T6 Aluminum Alloy - Elevated Temperature -
Corrosion Protective Surface Treatments for - Determina-
lion of", Rep. No. FGT-2343, (Sept. 10, 1959)

I CODE 32021
Pl!.t::~ rn
REVISE D MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

to be performed, (2, p. 103, 104).

1. GENERAL 1.052 Solution treat. 910 to 930 F, 10 min to I nr In salt bsth, AI
This heat treatable wrought aluminum alloy is the final dependlvg on thiciwess and equiPment; longer time 1n alr.
developmen t of !he Dural type which contains copper, 4.5 Cu
For exact times of solution treatment and quench delay,
magnesium and manganese as hardeners. Its strength see 4. 04. Quench In sufficient cold water so as not to
properties In various tempers are among the highest
1.5 Mg
raise water temperatur e t71er 100 F, (20, p. 940).
obmlnable In aluminum alloys. Including Clad 2024, It is 1.053 Naturally age (or precipitatio n harden at room tempera- 0.6 ,Mn
still the most universally used high strength alloy and It ture) 48 hr, (20, p. 940).
Is available In all wrought forms, except forgings. The 1.0531 To T4 Condition by supplier, (2, p. 9).
room temperatur e aged conditions of thiS alloy should not I. 0532 To T42 Condition by ilser, (2, p. 9).
2024
be used where !he temperatur e exceeds 150 P and corro- 1.054 Cold work (roll.and/o r stretch) W(l'4)Cond ltlon.
sive conditions exist. The more recently developed arti- 1. 0541 1 percent to T3 Condition.
ficially aged conditions ma!ntaJ.n their strength and corro- 1.0542 6 percent to T36 Condition.
sion resistance up to a temperatur e of 300 P. The corro- 1.055 Stretch ("stress relief") T4 Condition to T35! Condition.
sion resistance of the alloy Is Inferior to that of alloys 1. 0551 Sheet and plate. Strcitch 11/2 to 3 per~ No straighten-
free from or low In copper. TherP.fore, where higher Ing Ia permitted aftP.r stretching!. (2, p. 9).
corrosion resistance is required, Clad 2024 sheet and 1. 0552 Bar. 1 to 3 percent. No straightenin g is permitted after
strip is preferred over the bare material. The alloy is stretching unless negotiated , (2. p. 9).
readily formable In either !he annealed or solution treated 1. 0553 Shapes (extruded or rolled), Stretch ito 3 percent. Minor
condition. Limited forming can also be performed In !he straightenin g after stretching is permitted , (2, p. 9).
T4 Condition. The machinabili ty of the heat treated con- I. 056 Artificial age. 370 to 380 P , (20, p. 940).
ditions Is very good. The alloy may be resistance welded, 1. 0561 W (T4) Condition to T6 Cond!tfun. 9 1/2 to 10 1/2 hr.
but fusion welding is not generally recommend ed. 1.0562 T3 Condition to T81 Condition. Jl to 13 hr, (20, p. 940).
1.0563 T36 Condition to T86 Condition. 7 to 9 nr, (20, p. 940).
1.01 Commercia l Designation . 2024. 1. 0564 .T351 Condition to T851 Condition. 9 1/2 to lli 1/2 hr.

1.02 Alternate Designation s. Dural, Duralumln, 24 S 1.06 Hardenablll ty

(obsolete). 1.061 To develop full hardening !he quench delay time must be
kept at a mlnlmum and the quenchlng operation must be
1.03 Specificatio ns, Table 1. 03, closely controlled, see 4. 04 and 4. 047.
1.062 Section thickness of bar and rod available In T4 Condition
TABLE 1 03 Ia simllar to that of 2014 and Umited to 6 1/2 ln.
AMS Form MUitary
4033 Plate (T351 Condition) I. 07 Forms and Conditions Available
40350 Sheet, plate (0 Condition) 1. 071 Alloy is avaUable In tbe full commercia l range of sizes
40370 Sheet, plate (T3 Condition) fOr sheet, strip, plate, bar, wire, seamless tubing and
4086F Tubing, seamless (T3 Condition) extrusions.
40878 Tubing, seamless (0 Condition) I. 072 Conditions available, Table 1. 072.
4088E Tubing, seamless (T3 Condition) T n BI..E 1 072
4119A Bar, rolled (T357 Condition) (2 D. 3! 32 49 53 60 66)
Source
41208 Bar, wire, rolled (T4 Condition) Alloy AI-4.5Cu-t:-sMg~n
4!52F Bar, shapes, extruded (T4 Condition) Condition Avallbl~
Form
4164A Bar, reds, shapes, tubing, extruded, Sheet, plate 0, T3, T36, T35!, T4, T6, T81,
(T35!0 Condition) T86, T851
4!65A Bar, rods, shapes, tubing, extruded, Wire. rod and bar 0, T4, T351, T6, T651, T851
(T3511 Condition) Extruded rod, bsr and F, 0, T35!0, T4, T3511, T42,
- Sheet, plate extrusions, (T6, T8!, T86) MIL-A-870 5
shapes T81, T8510, T8Sll
-
7223
Bolts, (T4 Condition)
Rivets (T4 Condition)
MIL-B-6812
MIL-R-567 4 Extruded tubes 0, T4, T42
In T3 T-'
Drawn tuhP

1.08 Melting and Cnstlng Practice. OU, gas (or electric) fired
1.04 Compositio n. Table I. 04.
furnaces. Continuously cast Ingots up to 32 In dia or
16 x 64 m rectangular .
TABLB 1 04
'SQ;.rce AMS I 1.09 Special Considerati ons
Percent 1.091 Overheated material exhibiting eutectic melting or high
Min Max temperatur e oxidized material should not be used and
3.8 4.9 cannot be salvaged by reheat treating.
Copper
Magnesium 1. 2 1. 8 1.092 Quenching must be performed with a minimum delay, see
Manganese 0.30 0.9 4.047.
Iron
SUlcon
-
-
0.50
0.50
1.093 If room temperatur e aged conditions are heated above
!50 P for several hours or above 200 F for more than a

--
0.25 few minutes, they become susceptible to lntergranuj, ar
Zinc corrosion.
Chromium 0.10
Other lmpurtties 1.094 Aluminum alloys exhibit various types of dlrectionall ty.
each
total
-- 0.05
0.15
All conditions which are subjected to cold work after
heat treatment, Including straightenin g or flattening,
Balance possess, in the longitudinal direction, a compressiv e
Aluminum
yield strength, which iB lower than tbe tz:nsUe yield
strength, or the so called "Bauschlng cr effect". In !he
1.05 Heat Treatment transverse direction this clfect Is reversed. 2024-T4 doe.!
1. 051 Anneal not show this directionali ty. Extrusions may also possess
Anneal hea~ treated material to 0 Cond'ttion, 775 F, 2 to 3 a different type of directionali ty due to preferred grain
!. U>ll
hr, cool 50 F per hr maximum to 500 F, (2, p. 103). orientation, which Is usually associated with very high
intermediat e anneal during repeated cold working 0 Condi- longltodlna! tensile str~ngth. Finally the ductility of bar,
1.0512
tion. 650 F, time In furnace only to bring all parts to forgings, extrusions and plate Is generally considerabl y
temperatur e. This anneal can also be applied to heat lower In the short transverse direction than in the longitu-
treated material it only moderate form tOR operations are dinal direction, with tbe long transverse direction having

CODE 3203
PAGE
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1963

1ntennedtate properties. Typical stress strain curves 3,02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature. See 3, 03
AI In tension and compression for sbeet, bar and extrusions also.
In T~ and T4 Conditions, Fig. 1. 094. Stress strain curves 3,021 Hardness. Table 3, 02L
4.5 Cu In dlfferent test directions, see Clad 2024, Fig 3, 021. 3.022 Effect or exposure to elevated temperatures on room tern-
perature tensile properties of alloy In T4 Condition, Flg.
1.5 Mg 2, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPBRTIBS 3.022.
0.6 Mn 2.01 Thermal Properties
3.023 Effect of exposure to elevated temperatures on room tern-
perature tensile properties of alloy .In T81 Condition, Flg.
2,011 Melting range. 935 to 1180 F, (2, p.101). 3.023.
2024 2.012 Phase changes. Subject to preclpltstion below 77 5 F. 3.024 Effect of exposure to elevo:ctl temperatures on room tern-
2,013 Thermal conductivity, Flg. 2. 013. perature tensile properties a! alloy In T86 Condition, Flg.
2.014 Thermal expansion, F lg. 2, 014. 3.024
2.015 8pecWc heat, Fig. 2. 015. 3.025 Eftect of one hour exposure to elevated temperktures on
2.016 Emissivity. In air at room temperature 0.03!i to 0. 07, room temperature tensile properties ol. sbeet In T3, T81
(20, p. 983). and T86 Condition, Flg. 3. 025.
3.026 Effect of prestraln on room temperature tensile properties
2.62 Other Physical Properties of sheet In T36 Cou:lltioo, Flg. 3. 026.
2.021 Density. 0.100 lb per cu ln. 2. 77 gr per cu em, (2, p.I01). 3.027 Effect of exposure and time of aging at 375 F on room tern-
2,022 Electrical resistivity. 0 Condition, 1. 36 microhm ln. perature tensile properties of sheet In T36 Condition, Flg.
T3, T36 and T4 Conditions, 2.26 mlcrobm ln, (19, p.938). 3.027.
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic. 3.028 True fracture stress and reduction 01 area of plate In T4
Condition In dlfferent .test directions, Fig. 3. 028.
2,03 Chemical Properties 3.029 Ratio of bending modulus of rupture to tensile strength for
2.031 Corrosion resistance tubing In T3 and T4 Conditions, Fig. 3. 029.
2. 0311 General corrosion resistance Is considerably Inferior to
copper and zinc free alloys, particularly In marine at- 3,03 Mechanical Prope.:tles at Various Temperatures
mospberes. 3,031 Short time tension properties
2. 0312 Intergranular and stress corrosion will usually not occur 3, 0311 Stress strain curves ior sbeet ln T4 Condition, Flg. 3, 0311,
unless heat treatment was faulty or tbe metsl was exposed 3, 0312 Stress strain curves for sheet u.nd plate ln T3, T6, T81
to temperatures ln excess of tbelr aging temperatures. and T86 Conditions, Fig. 3. 0312.
Such overaglng for a short time may result In suscepti- 3,0313 Stress strain curves for bar and extrusions ln T4 Condi
bility to lntergranular corrosion due to gratn boundary tion, Fig. 3, 0313.
precipitation, but longer erposure wlll eliminate this 3.0314 Btfect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper-
condition. ties of alloy ln 0 and T3 Conditions, Flg. 3. 0314.
Tbe room temperalllre aged conditions may develop sus- 3,0315 Btfect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper-
ceptibWty to lntergranular corrosion If heated above 150 F, ties of alloy ln T4 Condition, Fig. 3. 0315.
2.032 OXidation resU.tance 3.0316 Btfect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper
2. 0321 General oxidation resistsnce ln aoy atmosphere Is good ties of alloy In T81 Condition, Flg. 3, 0316.
until melting. 3.0317 Btfect of exposure and test temperature on tensile proper
2.0322 High temperature oxidation comprizlng chemical reactions ties of alloy ln T86 Condition, Fig. 3. 0317.
between the magnesium phase (Mg2Si) and furnace atmos- 3.0318 Short time master curves !or ultimate and yield strengths
pberes contslnlng bumidlty or a small amount of sulfurous on heating of alloy In T3 Condition, Fig. 3, 0318.
gases may occur on heat treating or annealing. 3.03!9 Effect of low test temperatures on tensile properties of
sheet In T3 Condition, Fig. 3. 0319
3.03110 Effect of low test temperature on tensile properties of
3. MECHANICAL PROPBRTIBS. See Clad 2024 also. sheet and plate In T4 Condition, t'lg. 3.03110.
3.032 Short ilme proPFrties other thiU. tension
3.01 SpecWed Mechanical Properties 3. 0321 Btfect of low test temperalllre on Impact strength of alloy
3.011 Alununum Association specWed mechanical properties for In T3 Cnndition, Fig. 3, 032L
sheet, plate, bar, and tubing ln 0 Condition, Table 3. 011. 3.033 Ststic stress concentration effects
3.0331 Btfects of notch sharpness and depth on notch strength of
TABL B 3 011 bar ln T3 Condition, Flg. 3, 0331.
Source 2, p. 31, 53 60 66 3.0332 Btfccts of notch sharpness and depth on notch strength of
Allov Al-4. 5Cu-l. SM~tO. 6Mn bar In T86 Condition. Flg. 3. 0332.
Fonn Sheet, plate Bar Extruded rod, Drawn 3.0333 Effect of low test lemperature on notch strength of sheet
bar, tube,ahapes tube In T3 Condition, Fig. 3. 0333.
r.nndltlnn 3.0334 Effect of low test temperature on notch strength of sheet
Thlcknes s - In 0.0.10 to n5oo to <8.00 All All and plate In T3 Condition, Fig. 3. 0334.
0,499 1, 750
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
Ptu, max - kal 32 32 35 35 32 3.041 Creep and creep rupture curves for r.lloy In T3 Condition
Fty, max - ksl
e, mln-percent
14
12
-
12
-
16
19
12
15
- 3,042
at 300 to 600 F, Fig, 3, 041.
Creep and creep rupture curves for alloy In T4 Condition
at 212 to 600 F, Fig. 3. 042.
3.012 Aluminum Association specified mechanical properties for 3.043 Creep and creep rupture curves for alloy ln T81 Condition
nat sheet and plate In T3 and T36 Condition, Table 3. 012. at 212 to 600 F, F lg. 3. 043.
3.013 Alwnlnum Association specified rr.echanlcal properties for 3,044 Creep and creep rupture curves for alloy In T86 Condition
coiled sheet, sheet and plate In T4, T351, T42, T6, T81 at 212 to 600 F, F lg. 3, 044.
and T851 Conditions, Table 3. 013. 3,045 Isochronous stress strain curves In tension at 300 and
3.014 Aluminum Association specified mechanical properties for 400 F for alloy ln T6 Condition, Fig, 3, 045.
nat obeet and plate In T86 Condltioo and wire, rod and bar 3.046 laochronous stress strain curves In tension at 300 and
In T4, T351, T6, T651 Conditions, Table 3. 014. 400 F for alloy 1n T81 Condition, Fig. 3, 046.
3.015 Aluminum Association specified mechanical properties for 3.047 laochr<mous stress etraln curves ln tension at 300 and
extrllied rod, bar aDd shapes In T4, T3510, T3511, T42, 400 F for alloy ln T86 Condition, Flg. 3. 047.
T81, T8510 and T8511 Conditions, Table 3. 015. _
3.016 Aluminum Association speclf!Od mechanical properties for 3.05 Fatigue Properties
extruded tube In T4 and T42 Condition aud drawn tube In 3.051 Fatigue strength of smooth and notched specimens of alloy
T3 and T4 Coodltlon. Table 3. 016. In T4 Condition, Table 3. OSL

CODE 3203
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

TABLE 3 012
Source
Allov
2, p.31
.6) -4. 5Cul. 5Mg-o. OMD
AI
Form Plat sheet Flat sheet and plate 4.5 Cu
Coadltlon T3 T3o
Width In All < 30 > 30 toS48 > 48 tos60 >60 1.5 Mg
Thickness - In 0.008t 0.010 tc no21 to no20to n063to fl020to no63to n250to no20to no63to n250to no63to n2SOto
0.009 0.020 0.299 0.062 0.499 0.500
0.062 0.249 0.500 0.062 0.249 0.500 0.249 0.499 0.500 0.6 Mn
Fru,mln -ksl 63 64 64 69 69 69 69 69 69 67 68 67 67 66 66
Ftyo min tal 42 42 42 52 52 52 52 52 52 50 51 50 50 49 49 2024
e, min - percent 10 12 15 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10

TABLE 3 013
Source (2, p.32)
AliO'L Al-4.5Cu-1.5M g-0.6Mn
Fi>rm CoUed sheet Plate Sheet and late
Condition 4 T4 and T351 (1)(2 T42 T6 r81Ji.llll TBSll.l
Thickness - In 010to n021to n250t n500t LOOlto L501 to 2.001t n2SOtc n500tc LOOl tc LSD! to 2.001 to not2tc OlOto fl500to
0.020 0.249 0.499 1.000 1.500 2.000 3.000 0.499 1.000 1.500 2.000 3.000 0.499 >0.500 0.499
1.000
Ftu min -ksl 62 02 04 oz 'ou au :.o O<l oz ou au :>l:l O<l
Fty> min -tal 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 38 38 38 38 38 50 ~; ~~
~
e, min -percent 12 15 12 8 7 6 4 12 8 7 6 4 5 5 5 5
(1) WhUP. the properties shown are the same for stress relieved as well as basic temper, other
properties and characteristic s may differ
somewhat.
(2) Upon artUiclal aging T351 temper material shall be caps~le of developing properties appllcat
le to the T81 and T851 tempers.

TABLE 3 014
Source 2, _p. 32, 49)
Allov Al-4. 5Cu-1. 5Mg-O. 6Mn
Form Flat sheet and Dlate
Condition Wire. rnd and bar
T86 T"II?I:!SI tn\'t.'ffi~ 11 TR~
Width In ~30 >30tct..S.48 >48to~60 >_60_
Thickness - In 0.020to no63to n25o to no2o to no63 to n250 to no2o to n063 to n250 to no63
to n250to
0.249 0.500 :;:6.sJ1 ~6.5ri:Jl ::. 6.sJ,l
0.062 0.249 0.500 0.062 0.249 0.500 0.062 0.249 0.500
Fru. min -tal 72 72 72 72 72 71 70 71 70 71 70 62 62 66
Fty. min -tal 66 68 67 66 67 66 62 67 b5 66 64 40 50 58
e, min- percent 3 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 10 5 5
(1) Maximum diameter for rounds Is 6, 500 Inches, for square, rectangular, hexagonal
or octagonal bar maximum thickness Is 4 Inches and
36 sq 1n maximum cross-sectiona l area.

TABLE 3 015
Source (2,_p.53)
Allov Al4.5Cu-l. 5Mg-o. 6Mn
Form Extruded rnd, tar and shapes
Ccrndltlo~ T4, T3510 and T3511 T42 . T81 T8510 and T8511
Area-~ln All 25to32
"25 All "25 25to32 All <32
Thickness - In n25o to n750 to n7so to
s0.249 ~ 1.500 21.500 so. 749 no5o to n2so to
o. 749 1.499 21.500 ~.500 .2:1.500
1.499 0.249 1.499
Fru, min -tal 57 60 65 70 68 57 57 57 57 64 66 66
Fty min tal 42 44 46 52 48 38 38 38 38 56
e,
58 58
mln .. percent 12 12 10 10 8 12 10 10 8 4 5 5

TABLE 3 016
1!;.,.,,.,. .. I p.OU)
Allov Al-4. 5Cu-l. 5MgO, OMn
Fnrm Extrud..:l tube Drawu tube
Cnndltlnn T4 T42 T3 T4
A1ea - aq In All All s25 25to32 ..:25 25to32

Wall thickness In n500to

s0.499
1.499
.2:1.500 2:1500 < 1.500 .2:1.500 n018to no2s to noso to n260 to nota to ~025 to noso to n260 to
0.024 0.049 0.259 0.500 0.024 0.049 0,259 0.500
Fru, min -tsl 60 65 70 68 57 57 64 64 64 64
~ ~
64 04
Fty. min -ksl 40 46 48 46 38 38 42 42 42 42 40 40
e, min - percent 10 10 10 6 10 0 10 12 14 16 10 12 14 16
 NONFERtiOfJS Al.lOY S REVISED MARCH 1963

TABLB 3 021 alloy, as compared with tbe effect of unstressed aging, ill
AI Soun:e (13, p.20) practically independent of time of prior creep at tbis
Condition
4.5 Cu 0
BHN S()()k 10 mml particular creep stress (WADCTR SS-214). (21, p.l7).
47 3.057 Effect of surface and T3 Condition on fatigue strength of
1.5 Mg T3, T4, T351 120 alloy, Table 3. 057.
T36 130
0.6 Mn T81 128 TADLB 3 057
T86 135 Source (33
IA\Iov AI-4.5Cu-1. 5Mg-u.6Mn
2024 Condition T3
TABLB 3 051 Reverse Bending
I en. ...... _13, p.HU) Maximum Stress 30
I Pnrm Rolled rod Dlate and ""'"'"l<>n ksi
lillov Al-4. 5Cu-l. 5Mg-O. 6Mn Surface Condition Cycles of Fatigue No. of specimens
rc;;;.dltlo T4 Life
Temp Method Stress Stress Fatigue Strength - bl As received i66 000 4-
p Ratio Concen- at~e Chemical removal
"Ara uadon !0
5 106
10 108 Sxto8 of Surface 433,000 7
RT Rot ao -1 Smooth 38 to 26 to 19 to 17 to 16 to Micro Peened
beam K=l 49 37 29 25 24 20 sec 933,000 4
Notched 20to 14 to 10 to 8 to 8to Micro Peened
K=8 2H 21 17 15 15 60 sec 1, 095,000 1

3.052 Fatigue .r.reogth uf sheet and bar In various conditions, 3.058 S-N curves at room and law temperature s br rod in T4
TUlle 3. 052. Condition, Fig. 3. 058.

TABLB 3 052 3.06 Blastic Properties

(Source (3, p. 78, 79) 3.061 MOdulus of elasticity at room and elevated temperature s,
IAllov Al-4. scu-1. SMg-0. 6Mn Pig. 3, 061.
Form aod Method Stress Fatigue Strength - b I 3.062 Tangent modulus curves in compresston for sheet in T3
Condition RatiO at Cycles - RT Condition, Fig. 3. 062.
3.063 Tangent modulus curves in compression for bar and ex-
'A"'R105 106 107 108 5xto8 trusions In T4 Condition, Fig. 3. 063.
Sheet T3 Rot ao -1 34 26 21 18 18
'f36 bet.m 37 29 22 19 19
Bar T4 Direct ~33 llS 66 57 53 52 51 4. F ADRICATION
Stress 1 0 54 44 37 34 33
ao -1 35 27 21 18 17 4.01 Forming and Casting
4.0ll Forming of sheet, strip, plate and other forms is prefer-
ably accomplished in 0 Condition with subsequent heat
3.053 Average stress range diagrams for bar and extrusions In treatment. To eliminste distortions, comparativel y
Tl Condition, Fig. 3. 053. shallow parts should be subjected to a sizing operation af-
3.054 Sa:ess range diagrams for bar and eXtrUsions In T4 Condi- ter solution treating aod before aging. Parts which require
tion, Fig. 3. 054. only one operation can also be formed entirely In the as
3.055 Fatigue strength of alloy in T4 Condition at various tem- quenched condition.
peratures, Table 3. 055. 4.012 The 0 Condition has good forming properties,al though
these are considerably inferior to those of most non-heat
TABLB 3 055 treatable aluminum alloys and also to 6061 in 0 and T3
Source (4 Conditions. Repeated Intermediate ilnnca1s are necessary
Form _'Larlous Products for forming complex partS in 2024 and only comparativel y
Allov AI-4.5Cu-1.5 Mg-Q.6Mn small deformations can be performed in stretch forming.
I C'.nndltlo r4 Hot terming at 400 to 500 F may be used to advantage, with
Temp Method Stress Stress Fatigue Strength - ksl tbe time at temperature limited to ~ hr maximum. (22).
p Ratio Concen- 4.013 The W Condition 1s somewhat stronger than U Condition
IArR trstion 10 5 toll tn 7 8
10 lsxto 8 and, therefore,req uires higher pressures. ln otber respects
RT otbearl -1 Smooth 43 31 24 and .as long as its yield strength remains below a certain
or load "" 21 20
300
. K ~ 1 37 26 20 17.5 17 value, its forming properties appear sllgbtly superior to
400
.. 29 21.5 16 13 12.5 those of 0 Condition, particularly In bending and In Stretch
500
600 .. 23
15
16.5 11
12 9.5
9
8
8.5
7.5
forming. Such forming In tbe as quenched condition, haw-
ever, necessitates eitber a closely controlled now of pro-
duction or special equipment to retard 1\ging by keeping
3.056 the part refrigerated . For mllXimum formability the total
The fatigue strength of 2024-T4 aluminum alloy at 300 F
time between quenching and forming should not exceed
Is increased slightly by small short time prestrains but
2C min, at. room temperature . lf refrigeration is used the
decreased by strains larger than I percent. Thls behavior
Is associated with aging. Prior creep of 2024-T4 aluminum !ollawtng times are suggested. At 32 F, 24 hr, at 20 F,
alloy at 300 and 500 F causes an acceleration of reversal 3 days, at 0 F, 7 days, (23). W Condition can also be
fonned at elevated temperature s, 300 to 500 F, with the
and aging p~ocesses.
Otherwise, time at temperature alone affect& the fatigue time at temperature limited to 2 min maximum, It the
alloy Is toLe heat treated to T6 or T62 Conditions, (22).
strength in tbe same way as prior creep. ln notched speci- 4.014 The heat treated conditions possess ratber limited form-
mens of the material Investigated, short time tensile pre-
ability. T4 Condition can be formed Into certain types of
strain of notx:hed specimens Increases tbe fatigue strength
parts involving bending and stretching but no shrinking of
of all materials at tbe various test temperatures as a re-
the metal. T3 is sllghtly inferior to T4, while T36 can be
sult of residual compressive stresses. Compressive pre-
subjected only to very minor forming, and T6, T62, TSJ
strain has tbe opposite effect. The effect of creep pre-
and T86 should be only subjected to dimpling. The form-
strain at 500 F on notched specimens of 2024-T4 aluminum
ability of the heat treated conditions improves consider-

CODE 3203
PAGE 4
 AIW I
REVISEDMARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

4.043 Air furnaces are preferred for heat treating complex or

'1,
......._... I
ably with temperature . In the case of the T3 and T4 Con-
bulky pans. The atmosphere should be low ill moisture, AI
ditions the corrosion resistance Is reduced by hot forming
I. e. dew point preferably - 40 F. Normal summer condi
and they should be artificially aged to the T6, T81 or T86
tlon may lead to lilisters on the surface. Traces of sul 4.5 Cu
Condition after hot forming. Maximum time at various
fur In the air will cause severe surface damage. How-
temperatures for hot forming sheet ill T81 and T86 Condi-
ever, mixtures of air and more than 33 percent combuS 1.5 Mg
tions, Fig. 4. 014.
tlon products appear satisfactory. ProteCtion from mois- 0.6 Mn
4.015 Bending. Minimum bend factors for different thicknesses,
ture and small contents of sulfur can be also obtained by
Fig. 4, ms. Producers generally recommend smaller bend
the use of protective compounds which react with mois-
radii, particularly for annealed materlsl, Their recom-
ture, by anodic oxidation or by metallic coating of the 2024
mended bend radii for T36 Condition are about 25 percent
part.
higher than those for T3 Condition.
4.044 Milllmum soaking time required for solution treating,
4.016 Bffect of rorming temperature on bend factor ill rubber
Table 4. 044,
forming of sheet ill 0 and T4 Conditions, Fig. 4, 016.
_TABLE___4.11H
4.02 Machllllng I Source _1241
4.021 MachlnabiliLy of heat treated aluminum alloys Is superior Thickness - ill Minimum soaklnj time - min
to that of the non-heat treatable alloys because the former Salt Bath Air Furnace
form E:horter chips and exhibit less tendency to gumming. :s; 0.020 to 20
For the same reason machinability of heat treated condi- 0. 021 to 0. 032 ts 25
nor.s ts constaerably superior to that of 0 Condition and 0. 033 to 0. 063 20 30
they can be machilled at extremely high speeds provided 0. 064 to 0. 090 25 35
the equipment Is rigid enough to prevent vibrations. 0.091 to 0.125 30 40
4,022 2024 and the other heat treatable alloys can be machined 0. 126 to 0. 250 35 50
using tools with smaller ralce angles than non-heat treat 0. 251 to 0. 500 45 60
able alloys. 0. 501 to 1. 000 60 90
The residual stresses In quenched materlsl result In se- 1.001 to 1.500 90 120
vere distortions If large and unbalanced cuts are made. 1. 501 to 1. 000 105 150
Where dimensional requirements are close, resolution 2. 001 to 2. 500 120 180
treating of the part which had been rough machined as close 2. 501 to 3. 000 150 210
as possible to the .finished shape. followed by straighten- 3. 001 to 3. 500 165 240
Ing and finish machining In the partly or fully aged condi- 3. 501 to 4. 000 180 270
tion becomes necessary. lf close temperature control Is maintained the shorter times
4.024 Because of the high thermal expansion, dimensional for salt baths can be also used for air furnaces.
accuracy ill the finished work can only be maintained by
These times may be too short to avoid some loss ill strength.
completing filllshillg cuts at room temperature. 20 min minimum Is suggested.
Compared to other alumillum alloys 2024 Is rated as hav-
Ing good machinability In the annealed condltloa and very
good to excellent machinability In T4, T6 and other heat 4,045 Resolution treating of 2024 should be withill 5 F of the
treated conditions. maximum solution treating temperature, or the time of
soaking should be longer than the average time to avoid
the loss In corrosion resistance associated with a reso-
4.03 ~ lution temperature below the Initial solution temperature,
4.031 General. The heat treatable aluminum alloys are gener-
ally not as easily welded as the non-heat treatable alloys. 4.046 Quenr.ltlng equipment should be provided with means for
2024 possesses rather poor weldsblllty It Is. In this circulating the quenching medium, and, If necessary, for
respect similar to 2014. superior to 7075, but Inferior heating and cooling. Concentration of sAlt ill a water bath
to 6061. used In connection with a salt bath should be prevented.
4,032 Fusion welding of 2024 and the other heat treatable alloys Handling facilities should allow quenching with a minimum
containing copper Is not generally recommended because of delay, see 4. 047. Preferably quenching should be by
of cracking. lf necessary, fusion welding can be done by Immersion In cold water (100 F max). Alternativ.,ly,
me Inert gas welding method and _to a limited extent by the quenching can be effected by spraying with cold v..ter
arc welding method with nux. under high pressure and ut hl~th velocity,
4.033 Resistance welding of the alloy In the heat treated condi- 4,047 In order to Insure tull hardening the alloy must be traus-
tions Is possible using speclsl techniques, It Is not re- ferred from solution treating and immersed In the quench-
commended In the annealed condition, Corrosion reslst- Ing water within a minimum of time. Alternatl vely, tht.
1lnce of resistance welded sheet particularly In T3 and T4 quenching temperature should be definitely above 775 F.
Conditions Is impaired. Maximum quench delay time for immersion type quench-
4.034 Pressure welding Is limited to the annealed condition. Ing according to Specification MIL-H-6088 (ASG), Table
4,035 Brazing and soldering of the alloy Is not recommended. 4.047.

4.04 Heating and Heat Treating

4. 041 The medium or atmosphere for solution treating may be
molten salt, air or controlled atmospheres, Solution
treating equlptnent should maintain the temperature within
t !OF.
4,042 A salt hath has the advantage over a forced convection air
furnace In that the heating time Is shorter and that there
Is no danger of high temperature oxidation. It has the
disadvantage that some decomposition occurs, leading to
surface corrosion of the product on quenching, which Is
prevented by adding 1 ounce of sodium or potassium dt
chromate to ZOO pounds of nitrate. When using a salt bath
containing molten nitrates, a number of special measures
must re observed to avoid explosive reaction and attack
of the metal to be heat treated and/or the salt bath con-
tainer. These Include close control of temperature to
llOO F maximum, keeping the metal and the calt bath clean
and preventing Joss of aluminum parts In the bat!-"
:s;O.Ol6
0.017 to0.031
0. 032 to 0. 090
~0.091
4.048 The absence of damage caudcd IJy improper heat treating
muot be Insured by varloun tests specified by MILH-
60888 (ASG). Microscopic examination at 500 X should
Indicate absence of eutectic melting due to overheating
and of high temperature oxidatl\ln of magnesium. A corro-
sion test should show absence of lntergranular corrosion
due to undeslted precipitations because of too low or too
slow quenchillg.
4.049 For artlflclsl aging either air convection furnaces, oU
baths or furnaces heated with sup:orheated steam may be
used. The temperature should be controllable within ~ 5 F.

CODE 3203
AIW I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDo MARCH 1963

For IUIIle4l.iDg cold worked material lead baths are suit

AI able.

4.5 Cu 4.05 Surface Treating

4.051 Cleaning prior to beat treating. is necessary for salt bath
1.5 Mg solution treating if the surface is contaminated with car-
0.6 Mn bonaceous material. 'l1lls ia DDt generally necessary for
heating or heat treating In air, Pickling In a 25 to 30
"'..:
percent nitric acid solution, for 5 to 10 min, ia required. re
2024 If the alloy has been formed with low melting dies and ~ 12 ~----+---~q_----~--MB--A-N~C-O-B~P--1
lflt Is subjected to subsequent heating, ..:
4.052
f LINBAR THBRMA
Clearung preparatory to corrosion protection ia performed ~ BXPANSION
in an lnhlblted allcallne solution.
4.053 Anodlziog of this alloy will considerably Improve its cor ~ 11~------~---------~------~------~---------~
roslon resistance, Pretreatments include chemical and 5::
possibly mecbanical cleaning. Anodlziog should be fol.IDY.ed
by sealing.
4,054 Painting for corrosion protection should be preceded by a
chemical conversion coating produced by one of many
dlfferent processes, 600
-400 -200
0 200
4.055 Scratching of sheet, strip and parts by direct contact with
TBMP- 1'
other aluminum alloy parts should be avoided. FIG. 2. 014 THBRMAL BXPANSION (18, p.2)

60
- 1),30

- -
Al-4,5Cu-1,5Mg-0.6 Mn
"'-l
"'
T4COND L---"
f:l 0,20
~
c.

~
0.10
0 200 400 600 800
TBMP- P

ao FIG, 2,015 SPBCIFIC HBAT

(25, p.ll)

~---r--~~~~~~~
Al-4. 5cu-1. 5Mg-O. 6Mn
T4 COND

~60 --+-.:~~~---4 40 i2
STRAIN - IN PBR IN
i: i=!
FIG. 1. 094 TYPIC.".L STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN TEN- "' 40 20
"'
SION AND COMPRBSSION FOR S!iBBT, BAR
AND EXTRUSIONS IN T3 AND T4 CONDI-
TIONS (3, p. 84)
20

~ 0
~o
"'
c.
0
..:
0 200 800
~80~--~~~--~~~~~--4
"'"'
!-- FIG. 3.022 EFFECT OF EXPC6URETO ELEVATED
0 200 400 600 800
"' TBW.P- F
TEMPERATURES ON ROOM TEMPERA-
TURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY
FIG. 2, 013 Til !iRMA L CONDUCTIVITY IN T4 CONDrriON (4)
(25, p-11)

3203
 AIWT
REVISEDMARCHI963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

T3
Al-4. 5Cu-1.5Mg-Q . 6Mn AI
80 4.5 Cu
1.5 Mg
70 0.6 Mn
;;:;
:..: 2024
801---~
60

so
20 COND+

10
~
al
u
20 !5
....
~u
..
TEMP- F
..: 0
.... oiO FIG. 3.025 EFFECT OF ONE HOUR EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEM-
PERATURES ON ROOM TEMPERATURE TEJI51LE PROPER-
TIES OF SHEET IN T3, T8l.AND T86 CONDITION
0 (31 Code 1. A.1. 5.1)
0 200 400 600 800
TBMP- F

FIG. 3. 023 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO

ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
ON ROOM TEMPERATURE
TEJI51LE l'ROPERTIES OF ALLOY
IN T81 CONDITION (5)

90
Al-4'. SCu-I.SMg-0 . 6Mn
SHEET
T36 COND

80 ~
.. ~
1--...n.
FTU
o- - -
;;:;
... 70

fl
}
I
60 0 ~

...i:! ;;:; 7
.... -o- -o-- - .---- 60

40 0
:..:
>-
u.!'"
v- 1.----
It
FTY

6
T L AGIOO TIME AT 375 F
20 A 0
t:.
9HR
NONE
50
20

~u
.....
0
..: 40 .
~
u 10
..."'
l1l

- e(2 IN)
.n..
--
oA

0
0 4 6 10
FIG. 3.024 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO PRESTRAIN - PERCENT'
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
ON ROOM TEMPERATURE FIG. 3.026 EFFECT OF PRES'rnAIN ON ROOM TF.MPBRA-
TEJI51LE PROPERTIES OF TURE TEJI51LB PROri!RTli!.S OF SHEET IN T36
ALLOY IN T86 CONDITION CONDITION (31 !';ode J. A. 1. 5. 2)
(6)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEOMARCH 1963

80 1.6
AI Al-4. scu-1. s~:o. 6Mn

4.5
1.5
Cu
Mg ~
FTU
SHEET
T36 COND
0
;;;
:.: 1.4 \ Al-4. SCu-1. SMg-0. 6Mn
ITUlllNG
T3 AND T4 COND

0.6 Mn ~ [l
70
u.
::J
1-o
f.2
\
2024
0~
60 Pa!FTU

v FTY
0

-
j: I. 0
1!:.
a."' 0.8
""' ~"'--..:
~
1-- r--
~

s0
20 0.6
T L 15 ~IN EXP AGEDAT375 F
0 NONE 0 10 20 30 40 so 60 70

0~. 0
430F
70 F
RATIO OF TUBE DIAMETER TO WALL nflCJCNBSS - D/t
r---
.. e(2 IN)
-
FIG. 3.029 RATIO BENDING MODULUS OF RUPTURE TO TEN-
SILE STRENGTH FOR TUBING IN T3 AND T4 CONDI
TIONS (3, p. !17)
0
4 8 10
AGlNG TIME - HR

FIG. 3. 027 EFFECT OF EXPaiURE AND TIME OF AGING

AT 375 F ON ROOM TEMPERATUR E TEI'SILE
PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN T36 CONDITION
(31 Code I.A.I.5.2)

70

--
Al-4. SCu-1. SMg-0. 6Mn
0. 064 IN SHEET
T4 COND

-~

-----
60
~r- 300F

so / ~ 400F

v-
40 ~
-~
i'
30

20

10

LOR LT 80 60 40 20 0 ~ ST
TBNSIIN T
ANGLE BETWEEN SPECIMEN AXIS AND NORMAL
0
(ST) DIRECTION - DEGREES
0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12
FIG. 3.028 TRUE FRACTURE STRESS AND REDUCTION STRAIN - IN PER IN
OF AREA OF PLATE IN T4 CONDITION IN FIG. 3.03ll STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET lN T4 CONDITION
DIFFERENT TEST DIRECTIONS (26)
i27, Fig. 19)
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Al-l. 501-1. 5Mg-0, 6Mn AI

SHEBT PLATE
70
POSURE
4.5 Cu
30 MIN
T3 COND 1.5 Mg
60 0.6 Mn
2024
50

40

i2
30

20

10

TENSION
0

STRAIN - IN PER IN
T86 CONDmON (14)
FIG. 3, 0312 STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEB'l' AND PLATE IN T3, T6, T81 AND

Al-4, 5Cu-1, 5 -0. 6Mn

60 1---+-- -+----+ 'BAR; llXTRUSIONS
0.25 X 1. 5 IN
T4COND

50 l---+---+ -.!:.:.'7" 'q,.......;f - 2J F

300 F
400 F

TBN lON

0, 002 0. 004 o. 006 0. 008 o. 010

STRAIN - IN PER IN

FIG. 3, 0313 STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR BAR AND

BX'I11.USIONS IN T4 CONDITION (8, p. 10)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

Al-~. 5Cu-1. 5Mg-0, 6Mn

AI
T COND 80
4.5 Cu
1.5 Mg
0.6 Mn

2024

E
20~~~,_~~~~~~~---+~~

a"'
I

~~'+---+---+---+---+--rF---i.f!l
80

0~----._ ____._____._____._____.___ ~

-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

TEMP -P

PIG. 3, 0315 EPPECT OP EXPOSURE AND TEST TBMPERAT!JRE

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OP ALLOY IN T4 CONDITION
(4)
Al-4. 5cu-1. 5 Mg-0. 6Mn
-200 0 200 400 T81 COND SO
600 800
TEMP- P

PIG. 3,0314 EPPECT QF EXPOSURE AND TBST TBMPBRATURB

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OP ALLOY IN 0 AND T3
CONDITIONS (7XI5)

--l~,.....---1--_,o ~
I

~
~60~--~~--~----~~~ "'
E

80

200 400 600 800

TEMP- P
PIG. 3. 03!6 EFFECT OF EXPOSURI! AND TEST TEMPERATURE
ON TBI'SlLE PROi'ERTIES OP ALLOY IN T8J COI'I)ITION (5)
REVISE[) MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWT

~----~----~----~-----------T-----,100
Al-4. seu-1. SMg-o. 6Mn 120
Al-4. SCu-1. SMg-0. 6Mn
TB6 COND 0. 025 IN SHEET
AI

100
~ T3 CONDITION 4.5 Cu
1.5 Mg
-~ FTU
0
L
T 0.6 Mn
(;

~~
""
...... ~
~ ~- ~
.o
2024

0
.'0..
r:::-- t---
FTY.
-- 1---o

0 g.-
e(21N) --...

20~----+-----~----~----~~~+----4 0
EXPOSURE AT ELEVATED TEMP -.fOO -300 -200 -100 0 100
1/2 TEMP- F
0100
0 .1000
FIG. 3.0319 EFFECT OF LOW TEST TEMPERATURES ON
80 TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHE!IT IN TJ CONDITION
(32, MRG 190 p.IS),

e (4D)

0 200 400 600 800

TEMP- F

PIG. 3. 0317 EFFECT OP EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN TB6 CONDITION 120 .--,-------,.---T""-~"T"~-~~~--,
(6)

' ' 1\Al-4. SCu-1. SMg-0. 6Mn

T3COND
'\
1\\ PTU
\
1\
30
"\
20
PTY
\
~\
\ \
\

10
\
\ 1\.
T TBMP OP YIB~ OR RUI'TURB, F
h HBAiG RATBi P PBR SiC "
0
16 24 32 .fO 56 -300. -200 -100 0 100
(T + 200) I (Log h + 19) TEMP- F

FIG. 3. 0318 SHORT TIME MASTER CURVES FOR ULTIMATE' FIG. 3. 03110 EFFECT OF LO".Y TEST TEMPERATURE ON TEN-
YIELD STRENGTHS ON HEATING OF ALLOY IN SILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET AND PLATE IN T4
T3 CONDmON (9. p. 46) CONDITION (32, MRG 190 p.l6, 17)

I CODE 32031
A1WT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED' MARCH 1963

AI
4.5 Cu
1.5 Mg
8

... _.
Al-4. 5Cu_-L SMg-0.6Mii
T3COND
_.
0.6 Mn m~KBYHO~B
0
2024 -600 200 0 200
:J 80

TBUPP
FIG. 3. 0321 BFPBCJ' OF LOW TBST 'l'BMPBRA-
~
'JURE ON IMPACT sntBNGTII OP
..... L NOTCH STRBNGTH
ALLOY IN T3 CONDlTION
(17, p.1-13.2) -o-T
40
-400 -300 200 100 0 100
TEMP F

FIG, 3. 0333 BFPBCT OF LOW TBST TEMPERATURE ON NC7I'CII

STRENGTH OP SHEET IN T3 CONDITION
(32, MRG 190 p.lS)

NOTCH
60~------~- -------~--- ---~~
Ll 1 W ~
NOTCH SHARPNE!SS o/r

FIG. 3,0331 BPPBCTS OP NOTCH SHARI'NE!SS AND DBPTH

ON NOTCH STRBNGTH OF liAR IN T3
CONDmON (10, p.-63)

1~
NOTCHDBPIH

~~------~-
L1 I -----~----
~
--~-J
~
NO'CCH SHARI'NBSS - a/r TEMP P

PIG. 3, 0332 BPPBCTS OP NOTCH SHARPNBSS AND DBPTH PIG. 3, 0334 EFPBCT OF LOW TBST TBMPBRATURB ON
ON NOTCH STRBNOTH OP BAR IN T86 NOI'CH STRBNGTH OF SHBBT AN> PLATS IN
CONOITION (10, p. 42) T3 CON>rriON (32, MRG 190 p.16, 17)
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

BOr-~------,-----~~------~~ 80
Al-4. SCu-L 5Mg-D.6Mn
212P Al-l. SCu-L SMg-D. 6Mn AI
~r--;-------r------,_~T~3~C~O~ND+-~ ~ T81COND

~ ~-.::::- .. ----- 4.5 Cu

- ~ ---
~ -==::-::-:::::- ~F 1.5 Mg
1-----:r--. ........
. --.....--~
........
.
-.. 400F
. 0.6 Mn

~' I'. ...; 2024

20 ......... ~
1'. '...._~
'"-:::,
....... I'.. .............. ~
................
~ ....... '
..........

........... '
.......
......
1or-~~~--~~~~~~--~d-~ 10
... ..... ......
. ...... .......
58r-~~~d-----~~~~~ I'
... .... !'......
'
I' ...................
~8
.........
6 . '
' ' , ......................
.... 600F

' . ...... '. .., .........

',""
....

' .. ' . ...... '

2 .... ' . ' .... ....
- - lU1l"ruRB

=-= o; tRBEP
' .. r- '......
---- 0.
100 1000 0.1 10 100 1000
TIMB-HR 11MB -HR
FIG. 3. 041 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES FOR PIG. 3. 043 CREBP AND CREBP RUPTURE CURVES FOR ALLOY IN
ALLOY IN T3 CONDITION AT 300 TO 600 F (7) TSl CONDmON AT 212 TO 600 F (5)

- - Jl

=-~= O.~CREBP
--- 0.2i
10 100 1000
TIMB -HR
FIG. 3. 00 CRBBP AND CRBBP RUPTURE CURVES FOR
ALLOY IN T.f CONDmON AT 212 TO 600 F (4)

CODE 3203
PAGE 13
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE DMAR CH 1963

100 60
AI Al-4. SCu-1. SMg-D. 6Mn
80
4.5 Cu T86 COND

60 212 F
1.5 Mg
SHORT
0.6 Mn
40 TIME
, "' ~

2024 40
/

20

20

0~---
0 o.-~---
004 -~---
o. 008 -~---
0 o.-~---
004 -~--- -
o. 012
STRAIN-IN PER IN

PIG. 3.046 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN :rENSION

2 AT 300 AND 400 P FOR ALLOY IN T81 CONDITION

=R~~
(11)

- - 0.5% CREEP
---- 0.2
0.1 10 100 1000
TIMB- HR
FIG. 3.044 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES FOR ALLOY
IN
TS6 CONDmO N AT 212 TO 600 F (6 )

AI- scu-1. SMg-0. 6Mn

60 ~----+-----~~~~-----+-----4T~~~-C~O~N~D

50
SHORT
SHORT
TIME
TIME/ "'
40 /
40
I
I
30

fJ
20

400 F

FIG. 3. 045 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN TENSiON
AT 300 AND 400 F FOR ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION
(11)
TENSION
~~--~o-.o~04----~o.~oo-s----~---o-.~004L----o-.4oo-s---o~.012
STRAIN-IN PER IN
FIG. 3. 047 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN TENSION
AT 300 AND oo F FOR ALLOY IN T86 CONDITION
(11)

CODE 3203
PAGE 14
 REVISE Do MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

'ot:;
40
A1-4. scu-1. SMg-O. 6Mn AI
BAR AND EXTRUSIONS 4.5 Cu
5 I T4CON
0 CYCLES 1.5 Mg
- 30
!.2
0.6 Mn
~
IQ
..: 2024
t;
0

~ 10
~
IQ
~
< 0
-20 0 20 40 60
MEAN STRESS - KS1

PIG. 3. 053 AVERAGE STRESS RANGE DIAGRAMS POR BAR

AND EXTRUSIONS lN T4 CONDITION
(12, p.966)

NUMBER OP CYCLES

FIG. 3. 058 S-N CURVES AT ROOM AND LOW TEMPERA

TURBS FOR ROD INT4 CONDfTION
(34, p.l8, 20, 22)

Al-4. scu-1. SMg-0. 6Mn

~----+------r-----+-----+BAR
4COND l2
- - 1 1/4 IN, EXTRUDED
---11/SlN, ROLLED
8 ~-"'=::.=t----+....,--t----t---~:-----i

6~~~~----~----~----~----_.--~~
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800
TEMP- P
FIG. 3.061 MODULliSOF ELASTICITY AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
TBMPBRATURBS (18, p.3X28)

--
60
A14. scu-1. ~Mg:O~ 6Mn
SHEET
~ ............
T T3-COND
:-- t <0.2 iO IN
1--
L -h:::--~
20
B.r
CO~ION
0~-~~--~--~~~~~--~
0 w ~ ~
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
MBAN STRESS - KSI
1000 ICSI
PIG. 3. 054 STRESS RANGE DIAGRAMS POR BAR AND FIG. 3. 062 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION FOR
EXTRUSIONS lN T4 CONDITION (16, p. 24) SHEET IN T3 CONDmON (3, p. 81)

CODE 3203
PAGE 15
 I~VIU"C.I'CI'CUU:S ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1963

60
AI AI-4. SCu-1. SMg-0. 6Mn 3
Al-4. 5Cu-1.5M g-O. 6Mn
4.5 Cu T4COND 0.064 IN Sl-fBBT

1.5 Mg .a T4 COND

0.6 Mn
2024 ~ 20
0
0 2 .
10001CSI
6 8

FIG. 3.063 TANGEN T MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRE

BAR AND EXTRUSIONS IN T4 CONDm ON
10

SSION FOR
12

(3, p. 86, 88)

0
0
-

100 200
---
OCOND

300
FORMING TEMP - F
~
FIG. 4.016 BPFBCT OF FORMING TEMPER ATURE
ON BBND FACTOR IN RUBBER FORMING
OF SHEBT IN 0 AND T4 CONDrn ONS
100r7?-r-r-----~--~~~~~~ (30, p. 481)
~,
AI- .5Cu-1.5 Mg-0.6M n
SHBBT
-e-T8 1 COND
--o--:r86 COND

.>:
: ~~~~~~~~~~-+----~~--~
~

500

FIG. 4. 014 MAXIMUM TIMB AT VARIOUS TEMPER

A TURBS
FOR HOT FORMING SHBBT IN T81 AND T86
CONDITIONS (29)

12
Al-4. scu-1. 5Mg . 6Mn

1HICKNESS, T - IN

FIG. 4. 015 MINIMUM BEND FACTOR S FOR DIFFER

ENT
THICKNESSES (1, AMS 4035, 4037)

CODE 3203
PAGE 16
 AIWT
REVISEDMARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

REFERENCES 32 General Dynamics Corp., Convair Dlv., "Compilat ion of AI

Materials Research Oa~ 4th Quanerly Progress Report - 4
AMS 4033, <June 30, 1960)
Phase 1", Rep. AE 62-0138-3 , (March 1962)
5 Cu
AMS 403S D, (Aug. !5, i95S)
33 General Dynamics Corp., Convair Dlv., "Results of Micro 1.5
AMS 4037 D, (Aug. 15, 19S5)
AMS 4086 F, (Jan. IS, 1957) Glass Peening Fatigue Specimens ", Letter Rep. from Mg
Wise, W. E., WEW: EKW: ee No. 6-332, (Jan. 19, 1959) 0.6
AMS 4087 B, (Aug. 15, !955)
34 Favor, R. J., Gideon, D. N., Grover, H. J., Hayes, J. E .L-----..
Mn
AMS 4088 E, (Jan. IS, 1957) .....l
and McClure, G. M., "Investiga tion or Fatigue Behavior of 2
AMS 4119 A, (Nov. iS, 1960)
Certain Alloys In the Temperat ure Range Room Tempera-
024
AMS 4120 E, (Jan. IS, 1958)
AMS 4152 F, (Feb. I, 1956) ture to -423 F", WADD TR 61-132, (June 1961)
AMS 4164 A, (Jan. IS, 1962)
AMS 416S A, (Jan. 15, 1962)
AMS 7223, (Jan. 15, I9S7)
2 The Aluminum Associatio n, "Standard s for Wrought Alumi-
num Mill Products", (Aug. 1961)
3 ANC-5, "Strength of Metal Aircraft Elements" , p. 80, 78,
84, 87, 88,117, 86, (March 1955)
4 Alcoa Research Laborator y OatD. Sheet, "2024-T4 Products':
(Sept. 9, 1957)
5 Alcoa Research Laborator y Data Sheet, "2024-T81 ", (July
IS, 1957).
6 Alcoa Research Laborator y Data Sheet, "2024-T86 ", (July
15, 1957)
7 Alcoa Research Laborator les'Data Sheet:'(M arch 14, 1958)
8 Gordon, S. A., Simon, R. and Achbach, W. P., "Materlal s-
Properry-D eslgn Criteria for Metals", WAOC TR 55-150,
Pt. 4, (Oct. 1956)
9 NACA TN 3462, Fig. 24, (1955)
10 NACA TN No. 1831, Fig. !0, (1949)
1l Alcoa Research Laboratories, .. Isochronous Stress-Str ain
Curves for Several Heat Treated Wrought Aluminum Alloys
at 300 and 400"P", (April 29, !958)
12 Howell. F. M. and Miller, J, L., "Axial Stress-Fa tigue
Strengths of Several Structunl Aluminum Alloys", ASTM
Proc., Vol. 55, p. 95S, (1955)
]:, Alcoa, "Aluminum Handbook", (1959)
14 Alcoa Research Laborator ies, "Tensile Stress-Str ain
Curves for 2024", (Oct. !6, !957 and May 2, 1957)
IS Alcoa Research Laborator ies Data Sheet, "2024 -0", (Sept.
10, 1956)
16 Lazan, B. J. and Blatherwick, A. A., "Fatigue Propenles
of Aluminum Alloys at Various Direct Stress Ratios",
WAOC TR 52307, Pt. 2, (Dec. 1952)
17 Nonh American Aviation, "Materials Property Manual and
Summary Report", (Oct. 30, !957)
18 Alcoa Sales Development Division, "Alcoa Alloy X 2020",
(Sept. 1, 1958)
19 American Society o! Metals, "Metals Handbook", Vol. I,
8th Ed (1961)
20 American Society of Metals, "Metals Handbook", 7th Ed.,
(1948)
21 Vltovec, F. H., "Effect of S.atlc Prestraln on the Prot-
Fatigue Properties of Unnotched and Notched Materials at
Room and Elevated Temperatu re", WAOC TR 58-214,
(July 1958)
22 De~eted
23 Deleted
24 MIL H-6088 B (ASG) Amendment I, Military Specificat ion,
"Heat Treatmen t of Aluminum Alloys", (Jan. 27, 19S9)
25 Lucks, C. F. and Deem, H. W., "Thermal Properties of
Thirteen Metals", ASTM STP No. 227, (19S8)
26 Klinger, L. J. and Sachs, G., "Dependen ce of the Stress-
Strain Curves of Cold Worked Metals Upon the Testing
Direction" , J. of Aeronautic al Sciences, Vol. 15, p. !51,
(1948)
27 Case Institute of Applied Science, "Correlati on of Informa-
tion Available on the Fabricatio n ol Aluminum Alloys,
Section IV", Final Rep., Nat. Def. Res. Comm., (Sept. !5,
!944)
28 Deleted
29 Deleted
30 Sachs, G. and Espey, G., "Forming of the Aluminum Alloy
755", Transactio n of AMS, Vol. 37, p. 468, (1'>46)
31 Republic Avlatl on Corp., "Compilat ion or Unpublished
Materials Informatio n - 2nd Quarterly Report", Rep. No.
RAC 357-1, (Oct. 12, 1961)

COOf:
 AIWT
REV I SED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GBNBRAL
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PRCI'BRTIBS
In order to improve the corrosion resistance of 2024
sheet, strip and plate it is clad with high purity (99. 3%+) AI
2.01 Thermal Properties. See 2024 also.
aluminum (1230). nus impsrta to Clad 2024 a corrosion
resistance equal to that of pure aluminum, llllless it is 2.011 Thermal conductivit y. T3 and T4 Conditions, 70.2 Btu ft 4.5 Cu
overheated . The claddJng reduces the strength of 2024 by per (hr sq ft F). T6 Condition, 84.7 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F).
about 5 percent. In most respecta Clad 2024 behs ves in the 2.012 Thermal expansion from RT to 212 F, 12. 6xlo-6 in per in
1.5 Mg
same manner as bare 2024, sheet, strip and plate.
2.013
perF. 0.6 Mn
Spec1flc heat. 0. 23 Btu per (lb F).
1. 01 Commercia l Designation . Clad 2024.
2.03 Chemical Properties CLAD2 024
1.02 Alteriulte Designation s. Alclad 2024. Clad 24 S (obsolete). 2.031 Corrosion resistance
2.0311 The general corrosion resistance of clad material is con-
1.03 Specificatio ns. Table 1.03. slderably superior to that of bare metal as the cladding
possesses an inherent corrosion resistance comparable
to that of pure aluminum. Since the cladding is more
TARLE I ' "
AMS Form Military anodic than the core material, the core is protected even
4034 Plate,(T351 Cond) when It is exposed.
4036 Clad one side sheet (T3 Cond~ plate (T4 2. 0312 The corrosion resistance is Impaired by copper diffusion
Cond) into the cladding during heating and heat treating for times
4040 E Sheet, plate (0 Cond) exceeding the required minimum time or repeated heat
4041 F Sheet, (T3 Cond) plate, (T4 Cond) treating.
4042 E Sheet, plate, (T36 Cond) 2.032 OXidation resistance. See 2024.
- Sheet, plate (T6, T81, T86 Cond) MlLA-870 5
3. MBCHANIC.\L PROPERTIES. See 2024 also and deduct
3 to 10 percent from strength values, depending on thick
1.04 Compositio n. Table 1. 04. ness of cladding.
TARI.R I 114 3. 01 Specified Mechanical Propertir.s
Source
A\.!5 I) - 3. Oil Aluminum Association specified mechanical properties for
Core Claddirun clad sheet and plate in 0 Condition, Table 3. 011.
Percent Percent
Min Max Min Max
TABLB 3 0 II

---
Copper 3. 8 4.9 0.10 Source (2. D.3l)
Magnelium
Manganese
1. 2
0.30
1. 'I!
0.9
- AlltW
Porm
A 4.5 u-1. 5MgO. OMII
Sheet Phte

---
Iron } 0.05
0.50 Condition
' o. 7 o

---
SUI con 0.50 p.008 to 0.010 to 0.033 to 0.063 to O:iOOlo
Zinc 0.25 0.10 'Thlclcneu - In 0.009 0.032 0.062 0.499 1. 750
Chromium
Other Impurttieo
0.10 - - Pru, max - kll 30 30 30 32 32

-- -- -8
each 0.05 Ffl, max - kll 14 14 14 14
0.05 e( In), min-percen t

. total 0.15 0.15 7 8 10 12

fllumlnum Balance 99 3 For all standard widths and clad thickness
'The nominal cladding thlclcness Is between 5 and I. 5 per-
cent of the total thlclcneas on each Bide, depending on the 3.012 Aluminum Association specified mechanical properties for
total thiclcneu of the product clad sheet In T3 Condition and clad sheet and plate In T36
Condition, Table 3. 012.
1.05 Heat Treatment. Clad 2024 is heat treated under the same 3.013 Aluminum Association specU!ed mechanical properties for
conditions as 2024, but the shortest heat treatment time clad coiled sheet In T4 Condition, clad plate In T4 and T357
consistant with securing the required properties should be Condition and clad sheet and plate In T42 and T6 Condition,
used. Prolonged heating or repeated reheat treatments Table 3. 0!3.
which cause diffusion of alloying elements Into the coating 3.014 Aluminum Association specified mechanical properties for
and impair the resistance to corrosion should be avoided. clad sheet and plate In T81 and T851 Condition and T86
See 4.043. Condition up to width of 48 inches, Table 3. 014.
3.015 Aluminum Association specUled mechanical properties for
1.06 Hardenabil lty. See 2024. clad sheet and plate In T86 Condition ewer 48 Inches width,
Table 3. 015.
1.07 Forms and Conditions Available 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperatu re. See 3. 03
1.071 Alloy Is available In the full commercia l range of sizes also.
for sheet and plate. 3.021 Stress strain curves in teDSion and compressio n for aheet
1.072 ConditioDB available, Table 1. 072. in T3 and T36 ConditioDS, Fig. 3. 021.
3.022 Effect of stretching on teDSUe and compressiv e yield
TABLE 1 072 strengths of sheet In the T4 Condition, Fig. 3. 022.
Source 3 o.32-34\
Form Condition 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatu res
Sheet 0, T3, T36, T4, T42, T6, T81, T851, T86 3.031 Short time teDBion properties
Piate 0, T36, T351, T4, T42, T6, T81, T851, T86 3. 03ll Stress strain CUlves for sheet In T3 Condition at room and
elevated temperatur es, Fig. 3. 0311.
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice. Clad sheet Is produced 3. 0312 Stress strain curves for sheet in T81 and T86 Conditions
today exclusively by rolling a sandwich, rather than by at room and elevated temperatur es, Fig. 3. 0312.
casting. 3.0313 Effect of exposure and test temperatur e on teDSlle proper-
ties of sheet In T3 Condition, Fig. 3. 0313.
1.09 Special Considerat ions. See 2024 also. Prolonged heating 3.0314 Effect of exposure and test temperatur e on teDSUe proper-
or repeated reheat treatments of clad material will cause ties of sheet In T81 Condition, Fig. 3. 0314.
diffusion of alloying elements into the cladding and Impair 3.0315 Eflect of exposure and test temperatur e on teDSUe proper-
Its resistance to corrosion. ties of sheet In T86 Condition, Pig. 3. 0315.
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVJSEDMARCH 1963

TABLE3 0!2
AI Source 2 p.32 33
Alloy Al-4. 5Cu-!.5Msr~O. 6Mn
4.5 Cu Form Flat sheet Flat sheet and plate
Condition T3 T36
1.5 Mg Width- h All ~ 48 > 48 .::60 > bO
Clad thickness - % 5 5 5 2 1/2 I I 2 5 2 1/2 I 1/2 5 2 I 2 I 1/2 I 1/2 2 1/2 I 1/2
0.6 Mn Thickness - In 0.008 0.010 0.02! O.Oo3 0.188 0.020 0.063 0.188 0.020 0.053 0.!88 0.25( 0.063 0.!88 0.250
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
CLAD 2024 0.009 0.020 0.052 0.249 0.249 0.062 0.499 0.499 0.0J2 0.499 0.249 0.49! 0.499 0.249 0.499
Ftu min -ksl 58 59 59 62 63 62 66 67 bl 65 6o 66 64 65 65
Ftr min -ksl 39 39 39 40 41 48 50 51 47 49 50 49 48 49 48
e( In) min - percent 10 12 15 15 15 8 9 9 8 9 9 9 9 9 9
For plate 0. 500 In or over In thickness the clad has been removed to prepare specimens and therefore the properties are for core
material only. The actual composite properties would le slightly lower. For values see 2024.

TABLE3 013
1 Source 2 n.33 34
Allov AI-4.5Cu-l. 5M"O. 6Mn
Form Coiled sheet Plate Sheet and olate Sheet and plate
Cnndltlnn T4 T4 T351 T42 T6
Width- in All All All All
Clad thlckn~ss-'E: 5 5 2 1/2 2 1/2 I 1/2 5 5 5 2 i/2 I i/2 2 f/2 I i/2 5 2 1/2 1 1/2
Thickness - In 0.010 0.021 0.068 0.250 0.250 0.008 0.010 0.021 0.0~3 0.188 0.250 0.250 0.010 0.063 0.188
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
0.020 0.062 0.128 0.499 0.499 0.009 0.020 0.062 0.249 0.249 0.499 0.499 0.062 0.499 0.499
Ftw min -ksl 58 58 61 62 63 55 56 56 59 60 62 n3 60 62 62
Ff'I'mIn -ksi 37 37 38 40 40 34 34
12
34 36 37 38 38
12
47 49 49
5
e( In) min-percent 12 15 15 12 12 10 15 !5 15 12 5 5
See footnO!e for Table 3. 012.

TABLE 3 0!4
Snnrc~ 2, o.34
Atlnv Al-4. 5Cu-!. SM .. -0. 6Mn
Form Flat sheet and plate
"novlltlnn T8! and T85! T86
Wlrlth- In All <30 > 30 ~48
r.lorl thldn~sR '1. 5 2 1/2 I I 2 5 2 I 2 I I 2 2 1 2 I !72 5 2 I 2 I 1 2 2 I 2 1 I 2
Thickness - In 0.010to O.Oo3 to 0.188 to 0.020 tc 0.063to 0.!88 to p. 250 to 0. 250 to 0.020 to 0.063 t 0.!88to 0.250 to 0. 2~0 to
0.062 0.499 0.499 0.062 0.249 0.249 0.499 0.499 0.062 0.249 0.249 0.499 0.499
Ftu min -ksl 62 65 66 66 70 71 70 71 (>() IU IT 0~ /U

54 56 57 62 66 6i 65 66 62 65 66 64 65
Ft{ min ksl
e( In) mIn -percent 5 5 5 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4

See footnote for Table 3. 012.

TABLE 3 015
Source 2 n ..~4\
Allnv A- ~r... ~""~;; "''"
Form l'"lnt <hMt nnrl nlnon*
Condition T86
Width In > 48 < bO > 60
lr.lrl 5 2 l 2 I 1/2 2 I 2 I I 2 2 i/7 I l 2 2 1/2 2
Thickness - in 0.020 to 0.063 to 0.!88 to 0. 250 to 0. 250 to 0.063 to 0.!88 to 0. 250 to 0. 250 to
0.062 0.249 0.249 0.499 0.499 0.249 0. 249 0.499 0.499
I Ftu min -Jest 64 69 70 68 69 69 70 b8 69
Fty min -ksl 58 65 b6 63 64 64 o5 62 b3
e(2 In) min-percent 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
See footnote for Table 3. 012.

3,032 Short time properties other than tension
3,0321 Stress sttaln curves In compression for sheet In T3 Con-
dition at room and elevated temperatures, Fig, 3, 0321,
3,0322 Stress attain curves In compression for sheet In T81 and
T86 Conditions at room and elevated temperatures, F lg.
3,0322,
3,0323 Effect of exposure and test temperature on compressive
yield strength of sheet In T3, T81 and T86 Conditions, Fig,
3,0323.
3,0324 Effect of exposure and test temperature on shear strength
of sheet In T3, T81 and T86 Conditions, Fig. 3. 0324,
3.0325 Effect of exposure and test temperature on bearing proper-
ties of sheet In T3 Condition, Fig. 3, 0325.
3.0326 Effect of exposure and test tEmperature on bearing proper-
ties of sheet In TSl and T86 Conditions, Fig, 3, 0326.
3,033 Static stress concentration effects
3,04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties, See 2024.
3.041 Short time total attain curves for sheet In T81 Condition
at 300 to 600 F, Fig, 3, 041.
3,042 Short time total attain curves for sheet In T86 Condition
at 300 to 600 F, Fig. 3. 042,
3,05 Fatigue Properties, See 2024 also,
3,051 Fatigue strength of alloy In various Conditions, Table
3.051.
3.06 Blastic Properties. See 2024 also,
3.061 Clad aluminum alloys have two separate modulus values,
The Initial, or primary, modulus is substantially the same
cs that of the core material. It applies up to stresses near
the yield strength of the clnddlng. Above this point the
material exhibits a secondary modulua up to the elastic
limit of the core material, The secondary modulus Is from

....... ,..

CODE 32'04
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

TABLB 3 051 Spray quenching can be substituted for water quenching

Source 3 p.l42) provided that the teet for lntergranular corroeion is paasecl AI
Fonn Sbeet 4.045 Resolution treating of clad aluminum alloys is IJ.mf.ted to
Coudltlon Tem~ ~ethod Stress F.atlgue Sueugth - bl
the following IIIIDibe:r of times: Thlcknesses to 0.125 In 4.5 Cu
mqlmum, once, thicknesses over O.l25ln, twice.
F
~~
A R loS lo6
a
fJ'f ,.loS 5Xl08
Regarding posslhle clamsge by improper beat treating and
its detection, clad material cllffers from bare llbeet In the
1.5 Mg
T3 RT Repeat -1 32 20 15 12.5. 0.6 Mn
T36 flexure "' 32 20.5 16
13
13.5 13.5
following reepects: ln addition to the various damages
posslhle In 2024, diffusion ot copper should be tested by
T81 CLAD2024
~i~
27.5 17 14.5 13.5 microscopic examlnatlon at 100 to 1000 X. To teet for In
T86 32 19 14.5 !3.0 tergranular corrosion the cladding should be removed
from both sides.
3 to 20 percent lower depending upon the c:laddlDg thick-
ness. 4.05 Surlsce Treating
3,062 Modulus of elsstlclty In tension and compression for sheet 4.051 The cladding protects the core by galvanic actlon and Clad
In T3 Coudltlon at room and elevated temperatures, Fig, 2024, therefore,ls subject to surface treating In much the
3,062. same manner as pure aluminum (1100).
3,063 Tangent modulus curves In compression for sheet In T3 4,052 Anodizing Is the most popular type of surface treatment
Condition, Pig, 3, 063, for additional corrosion protection.
3,064 Tangent modulus curves In compression for sheet In T81
and T86 Conditions at room and elevated temperatures,
Plg. 3,064,

4. FABRICATION
ln most respects this materisl performs In much the same
manner as Its core material, 2024. Exceptions are i.l!;ted
below.

4. 01 Formlng and Casting. The alloy has forming properties

slightly superior to those of 2024.

4. 03 Welding
4. 031 Resistance welding of clad sheet In the best treated condi-
tlons can be performed with special practices and over a
narrow range of machine settings without reduction In
corrosion resistance,

4.04 Heating and Hest Treating

4.041 Heat treating and reheat treating of c!ad material should be
as fast and as short as necessary to obtain the specified
properties, This requires a number of provisions during
hest treating which are listed below (MIL-H-6088B(ASG).
4.042 When solution treating clad msterial1the load and Its dis-
tribution should permit heating within a minimum time,
This Includes the fact that a furnace charge should eontsln
material of nearly equal thiclcnesa.
4,043 The soaldng time should be as close as posslhle to the
specified minimum time to prevent copper diffusion to the
surface and decrease In corrosion resistance, Maximum
soalclng times for solution treating clad material, Table
4.043.

TABLB 4 043
Source (12
Thickneoe - In Maximum Soaking Time - min
Salt Bath Air Furnace
~0.016 15 0 25
0, 017 to 0, 020 20 30
0, 021 to 0. 03~ 25 35
0, 033 to 0, 063 30 40
0, 064 to 0, 090 35 45
o. 091 to o. 125 40 50
0, 126 to 0, 250 45 60
0, 251 to o. 500 55 70
0, 501 to 1. 000 70 100
1. 001 to 1. 500 100 130
1. 501 to 2. 000 115 160
2. 001 to 2. 500 130 190
2. 501 to 3_.000 160 220
3. 001 to 3. 500 175 250
_J,501 to 4 000 190 280
Total tlme In furnace when no load thennocouple 11 used 0,002 0.010
should not exceed Indicated tlmea by more than 35 mln If
thlckneu Ia 0. 102 In malllmum and 60 mln If thickness I.J
greater than 0.102 In FIG. 3.021 STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN TENSION AND COM-
Times leo a than 20 mln may not yield full eolutlon PRESSION FOR SHEET IN T3AND T6CONDITIOI'IS
treatment (9)

3204
3
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS R.EVlSED MARCH 1963

A14, 5CuJ,5Mg O. Mn 80~~~--~------~----,---~

AI CLADSHB ET Al-4. 5Cu-1, 5Mg-o.. 6Mn
60
4.5 Cu ~tCOND
00.063 IN
0, 064 IN CLAD SHBET
~ T81 COND
1.5 Mg
50
40.081 IN
T0.091IN
.0.125 IN ,..
,......_,r- I 60 30 MIN RXPOSURB

0.6 Mn 300 I'

0" -o-- -o~'TY
CLAC2 024
kC ~ _.P ... ~

i2 60
~...... STRETCHING IN L DIRBCTION
CST ETCHING IN T DIRBCTION

50

40
I
.....o-
a-,;
---
.o---
1--..o--- ~'cY

.........-: ~ - RT

0
0 2 4
STRETCH - PBRCBNl

FIG. 3.022 EFFECT OF STRETCHING ON TENSILE AND COM-

PRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTHS OF SHEET IN T4
CONDITION
(9)

T ION

0 o.ooz 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010

STRAIN - IN PBR IN

FIG. 3. 0312 STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET IN TBI

AND T86 CONDITIONS AT ROOM AND ELE-
VATED TEMPERATURES
(5, p.!33-!36, 145!48)

60

601---- ..,

TBNSION

0. 002 0. 004 .0. 006 0. 008

STRAIN - IN i'BR IN

FIG. 3.0311 STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET FIG. 3. 0313 EFFECT OF EXPaiURE AND TEST
IN T3 CONDITION AT ROOM AND TEMPERATURE ON TENSILB PROP
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES ERTIES OF SHEET INT3 CONDITION
(8, p.l7) (o, p. 96X7. p. 29)

CODE 32041
PAGE 4 I
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

...----r--..,--~~80
~~----~----~--~A~I-~4~.5C~u~-1~.~5M~g--~0~.6~M~n
Al-4. 5Cu-l. 5Mg-0.6Mn
0, 064 IN CLAD 5HBBT O. 0!>4 IN CLAD ~ET
AI
T81 COND 30 MIN EXPOSURE T3COND 4.5 Cu
1.5 Mg
0.6 Mn
CLA02024
Pl
}:.al---1---l~----1

600

FIG. 3. 0314 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST

TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN T81
CONDri'ION (5, p. 42)
COMPRESS!ON

o. 002 0. 004 0. 006 0. 008 o. 010

STRAIN - IN PBR IN

FIG. 3.0321 STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN COMPRESSION

FOR SHEET IN T3 CONDITION AT ROOM
AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES ,
(8, p. 8-14)

~ 61~-----l~~..., 20

...1::

COMPRESSION

400 600
TBMP- P
0 0.002 0. 004 0. 006 0. 008 o. 010
STRAIN - IN PBR IN
FIG. 3. 0315 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST
FIG. 3. 0322 STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN COMPRESSION
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
FORSHEET IN T81 AND T86 CONDITIONS AT
PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN T8b
CONDITION ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATYRES
(5, p. 44)
(5, p.l37-!40, 149-152)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCHI963

AI
4.5 cu.
1.5 Mg 40'1---1----tr--:F~--t---t
0.6 Mn
CLAD2024

20 -0-----2L00-----4~00~--~~~~
TBMP- F ' ,
FIG. 3. 0323 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST
TEMPERATURE ON COMPRESSIVE
YIELD STRENGTH OF SHEET IN T3,
T81 AND T86 CONDITIONS
(5, p. 42, 44)(6, p. 97)

BXPOSURB
20 1---+----+-- e112 H
OIOOHR
000 HR
0 200 400 600 800
TBMP- F
FIG. 3. 0324 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST
TEMPERATURE ON SHEAR STRENGTH
OF SHEET IN T3, TBI AND T86 CONDI-
TIONS
(5, p. 42, 44)(6, p. 9b, 99)
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

100
80 AI
60 4.5 Cu

40
1.5 Mg
80 0.6 Mn
600 I'
u; CLAD2024
60~ ~ 20

ii!
"'
t1. 10
80 40
.2%
6 03%
.6.5%
60 20 4
0,001 0,1 10
~ TIME- HR

FIG. 3.041 SHURT TIME TOTAL STRAIN CURVES FOR liHEET

>< 40 0
IN T81 CONDITION AT 300 TO 600 F
~ (11, p. 33, 34)
t1.

100r-------~------~~~~~~~~
20
80~------+-------~~

0
0 200 400 600 800
T.EMP- I'

FIG. 3. 0325 EFFECT OF EXPOOURE AND TEST TEM-

PERATURE ON BEARING PROPERTIES OF
SHEET IN T3 CONDITION
(6, p. 98)

10r-~~~r------t----~~~~~~

8~~--~------~----~----~
0. 001 0,01 0,1 10
TIME- HR

FIG. 3. 042 SHORT TIME TOTAL STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET

IN T86 CONDITION AT 300 TO 600 F
(10, p. 38-41)

12.----,r---~~r--rr---
Al-4, 5Cu-1,5 Mg-0. 6Mn
0, 064 IN CLAD SHEET
T3COND

eE}
O Be T3COND
4
0 200 400 600 800
TEMP -I'

FIG. 3. 0326 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERA- FIG. 3. 062 MODULUS UF ELASTICITY IN TENSION
TURE ON BEARING PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN .liND COMPRESSION FOR SHEET IN T3
T81 ANDT86 CONDITIONS CONDITION AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
(5, p. 98, 102) TEMPERATURES (6, p. 96, 97)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVI.SEO MARCH 1.963

60
AI Al-4. scu-l. SMg-0. 6Mn
4 TO' 0. 250 IN CLAD SHBI!T
4.5 Cu T3CON
1.5Mg 40

0.6 Mn 12
20
CLAD 2024
-I
I
0
0 2 6 8 10 12
1000 KSl

FIG. 3. 063 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION FOR SHEI!T

IN T3 CONDITION (4, p. 84)

70
~
Al-4. SCu-1. SMg-0. 6Mn
0. 064 lN CLAD SHEET

60
~OOP ~ R'l"
TBICOND

~~ ~
50 r=:::::::- ~
~ ~~
~ REFERENCES

30

20
B.r
"" " ~

2
AMS 4034, Qune 30, 1960;
AMS 4036, Qan. 15, 1961)
.AMS 4040 E, (Apr. 15, 1958)
AMS 4041 F. (Aug. 15, 1958)
AMS 4042 E. (Aug. 15, 19S8)
The Aluminum Association, "Standards for Wrought J.lumlnum
Mill Products". (Aug. 1961)
3 Reynolds Metals Co., 'The Aluminum Data Book, Aluminum
COMPRESSION Alloys and Mill Products", Tbl. 55, (1958)
4 ANC-5, "Strength or Metal Aircraft Elements", (Mar. 1955)

"~ 5 Miller, D. E., "Determinati on or Physical Properties or Ferrous

~~ ~
200P T86 CO!IID and Nonferrous Structural Sheet Materials at Elevated Temper-

60

50
--R
400P

~ r--_
--...;;:
6

7
atures". WADC AF TR No. 6517, Pt. 3, Oune 1954)
Doerr. D. D., "Determinati on of Physical Properties of Ferrous
and Nonferrous Structural Sheet Materials at Elevated Tempera-
tures". WAi)C AF TR No. 6517, Pt. 1. (Dec. 1951)
Miller. D. E., "Determinati on of Physical Properties or Ferrous
and Nonferrous Structural Sheet Materials at Elevated Temper-
atures", WADC AF TR No. 6517, Pt. 5, (Dec. 1957)

~
8 Doerr, D. D., "Determinat ion or Physical Properties or Ferrous
and Nonferrous Structural Sheet Materials at Elevated Temper
atures", WADC AF TR No. 6517, Pt. 1. Sup. 1, (Feb. 1953)
9 Klinger, L. J. and Sachs, G., "Dependence of the Stress-Strain
Curves of Cold Worked Metals Upon the Testing Direction", J.
BT Aer. Set., Vol. IS, p. 151, (1948)
C O ,ON 10 Van Echo, J. A. Page. L. C., Summers, W, F. and Gross,
30 H. C . "Short-Time Creep Properties of Structural Sheet Mater
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 lals for Aircraft", WADC AF TR No. 6731, Pt. I. (Dec. 1951)
1000 KSl 11 Van Echo. J. A., Wirth, W. I'. and Slmmoos. W. F . "Shoi1-
Ttme Creep Properties of Structural Sheet Materials for Aircraft
FIG. 3.064 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION FOR and Mlsaues", WADC AP Tit 6731. Pt. m, (May 1955)
SHF.I!T IN T81 AND T86 CONDITIONS AT ROOM AND 12 MIL H-60@8 B (ASG) Amendment I- Mil. Spec .. 'lleat Tre.ll
ELEVATEDTEMPERATURES (5, p.l89196) ment of Aluminum Allovs". Oan, .27, 1959)

....... ,
~------------------------- ------~-------------~""7!lt't-'T!"":~~

REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWT

1. GBNBRAL 1.05 Heat Treatment

( .
The alloy was developed In 1954 to provide for appllca-
tlons at temperatures up to 600F. In the solution heat
1.051
1.0511
Anneal AI
~
Heat treated coaditlons to 0 Condition. 750 to 775F, 2
treated and aged condition this alloy exhibits typical
mechanical properties In the 500600F temperatu:. e
to 3 hours, cool at 50F per hour down to SOOF, (9). 6.3 Cu
1.0512 Intermediate aruleal during repeated cold working 0
range superior to those of any other commerclal1::
available aluminum alloy. The weldablllty of the alloy
Condition. 650F, 30 minutes maximum. The same 0.3 Mn
annealing treatment can be applied to heat treated
Is excellent. Mechanical properties of welded and un-
welded 2219 at temperatures down to 423F are also
material It only moderate forming Is to be performed, 0.18 Zr
(2).
excellent. It Is avallable In all wrought products, sheet,
Strip, plate and clad with 7002. Dle to Its low direction-
1.052 Solution treat. 990 to !OlOF, 20 minutes to 4 l/2_bours, 0.10 v
dependlag on thickness and equipment, followed by an
ality tendencies It is well suited for forgings, (9).
immediate cold water quench, (9). Maximum allowable 0.061i
quench delay times, Table 1.052.
1.01 Commercial Designations
22!9, Clad 2219, (X2219 and Clad X2219, obsolete) TABLE 1 052 2219
Source 23) CLAD 2219
1. 02 Alternate Designation
None.
Data I Max allowable ouencb deJa tJmes
NOmina~knes; -.;;;;j\ Mntlm"
1. 03 Specifications "'0.016 5
0.017 to 0.031 7
Table 1.03.
0. 032 tO 0. 090 10
TABLB 1 03 > 0.09i IS
AMS FORM CONDmON MILITARY A~TM
4031 Sheet and Plate 0 MlLA8920A 820964 1.0521 1! solution treatment Is performed by supplier It Is design
Sheet and Plate F, T31, T351 MlLA-8920A 8209-64 ated T4.
Sheet and Plate T37, 1'62, 1'81 MILA8920A 8209-64 1.0522 If solution treatment Is performed by user it Is designated
Sheet and Plate 1'851 1'87 MILAR920A 18209-64 T42.
4143 Forgings T6 QQA367F 8247-64 1.053 Modl!lcatlon of T4 by cold working, (9).

-
For.iilnis
Bar, rod, shapes
1'852, 1'87
O,T62
loo-A-3671' -
8221-64
1.0531
1.0532
T4 and stretch !or sheet and drawn tube to T31.
T4 and stretch i.5 to 3% !or plate to T351.
- (tube extruded) 1'8510, 1'8511 - 8221-64 1.0533
1.0534
T4 and stretch 1 to 311\ !or rod and bar tn T351.
T4 and cold work 2. 5% for forgings to T352.
1.0535 T4 and stretch 1% !or extrusions to T3511, T3510.
1.04 Composition 1.0536 T4 and cold work approximate 811\ !or sheet, plate and
1.041 Core material, Table 1.041. forgings to T37.
1.054 Modl!lcatlon of T4 by aging, (9).
TABLB I 041 1.0541 T4 and age 375F, 26 hours !or forgings to 1'6.
Source AMS 18\ 1.0542 T4 and age 375F, 36 hours (18 hours !or clad 2219) !or
Percent sheet, plate, extrusions, drawn tube, rod and bar, to
Min Max T62,
Copper 5.8 6.8 1.055 Modl!lcatlon of TJ by aging, (9).
Iron - 0.30 1.0551 T31 and age 350F, 18 hours !or sheet to 1'81.
Magnesium
Manganese
-
0.20
0.02
0.40
1.0552
1.0553
T:tl and age 375F, 18 hours !or drawn tube to 1'81.
T351 and age 350F, 18 hours !or plate to 1'851.
Slllcon
Titanium
-
0.02
0.20
0.10
!.0554
1.0555
T351 and age 375F, 18 hours !or rod and bar to T8~1-
T35i and age 350F, 18 hours !or forgings to 1'832.
Vanadium 0.05 0.15 1.0556 T351 and age 357F, i8 hours !or extrualo.~s to 1'8511,
Zinc
Zirconium
- 0.10
1. 0557
1'8510.
T37 and age 325F, 24 hours for sheet, plate and hand
0.10 0.25
Others Bach
Total
-- 0.05
0.15 1.056
rorglng to T8 7.
Natural aging from T4.
Aluminum Balance 1. 0561 Effect of natural aging time on tensile properties of alloy
In T4 Condition, Fig. 1. 0561.
1.042 Cladding, Table 1. 042.
1.06 Hardness
1.061 Typical hardness values for various tempers sheet and
TABLE I 042 plate, Table 1.061.
ISour<e
it"loAAllov 7072 Alum. a
Per ent
Min Max
Zinc 0.8 1.3 T A BLI! I. 06 I
Silicon + Iron - o. 7 Source 9
Manganese - 0.! Allov
Form
2219
Bare' Sheet and Plate
Copper - 0.1
~
Magnesium
Others
- 0.1
BHN, typ
T31 T351 T37 T62 1'81 1'851 1'87

Bach - o.os 500 Kg !oad

Total
Aluminum
- Balance
0.15
IDmmbdl % 110 113 123 128

(a) The nominal cladding thickness per side Is 10 percent of

the total thickness of the composite If the-latter Is below
0.040 Inch and 5 percent !or a tOtal thickness or composite
1.07 Forms and Condltlroa Available
products or 0. 040 Inch to 0. 099 Inch. For a total thickness
of 0.100 inch or more the nominal cladding thickness on 1.071 The alloy can be supplied In form of bar and clad sheet,
each side Is 2. 5 percent, (Ret. 3. 3) strip and plate, bar, wire, forgings, tubing and ex
truslona In the full range of commercial alzea, (6).
 RE:VISEDMARCH 1967

1.072 Conditions avallsble, 'Illble 1.072. 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIBS

AI
TABLE I 072 2.01
6.3 Cu Source (10) 2.011
Thermal !'roperties
Melting range. 1010 to 1190F, (1),
Allov 2219, Clad 2219 2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subject to precipitation harden-
0.3 Mn Form Conditions """' ahl~ Ing.
Sheet, plate-bare 0, 1'31, 1'351, 1'37, T62, 1'81, 1'851, 2.0121
0.18 Zr T87 2.013
Ttmetempera turetransform atloo diagrams.
Thermal conductivity at room temperature.
Sheet,, plate-clad O, T31, 1'351, 1'37, T62, 1'81, 1'851,
OJO V T87
99 Btu ft per (br sq ft F), 0 Condition
65 Btu ft per (br sq ft F), T31, 1'37, T42 0\XIdltions.
Wire, rod and bar T851
0.061i Extruded rod, bar, 0, 1'31, 1'3510, 1'3511, T62, 1'81,
72 Btu ft per (br sq ft F), T6, T62, T81, T87 Cond
itlons, .{9).
shape~ and tubes 1'8510, 1'8511 2.014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2.014.
Hand fo.rglngs, die T6 2.015
2219 R.llled rtng ' T6
Speclllc beat at 212F. 0,23 Btu per (lb F), (9).
2.016 Thermal dl.!fuslvlty
CLAD 2219
1.,0i!3 Component& of clad plat~ and sheet, Table 1. 073, 2.02 Other Pbyslcal Properties
~ ; .....! . 2.021 Density, Fig. 2.021.
2.022 Electrical resistivity at room temperature. 0 Condition,
1.54 microhm-in; 1'31, 1'37, T42 Condition, 2.42
microhm-In, (9). Varies with chemical composltlo.n.
2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic.
TABLE 1 073 2.024 Emissivity
Isource 10) 2.025 Damping capacity
Al1nu Clad 2219 2.026 Crystal structure. fcc.
CladdinO' 7072
Thickness In >0.039 0. 040 to 0. 099 <0.100 2.03 Chemical Properties
<..aaawng trucmess 2.031 Corrosion resistance. The alloy has about the same
per side%
degree of re:Jlatance to atmospheric corrosion as
Nomlnsl 10 5 2 1/2 other AICll alloys, (see 2014 and 2024). Wben aged
Mlnavg 8 4 2 to 1'81 or T87 temper, the resistance to corrosion or
stress corrosion cracking Is similar to that of 2024T6
and Is considerably superior to 2014T6. Corrosion
characteristics of naturally aged tempers, 1'31 and T37
are slmUar to those of 2024-TJ, For sheet thlclcnesaes
of 0.0641nch and greater, the corrosion resistance of
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice the artificially aged temllf:r& Is superior to that of
1.081 The impure ore (baUXIte) Is converted Into pure aluminum naturally aged tempers, (12).
oxide {alumina) by a series of chemical processes. Oxy 2.0311 Bffect of "alt spray corrosion on tensile properties of
gen Is re~oved from the alumina by smelting In carbon sheet '.n 'tarioua tempera, Fig. 2. 0311.
lined electric furnaces (reduction pots). Pure molten
2,(14 ; ..uciear Properties
aluminum Is depo&lted at the bottom of the pot and Is
siphoned off periodically to form "pigs" and "sows". A
~. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
separate furnace operation Is used to form "alloy pig"
from the pure aluminum by the addition of the desired
aUojlng elements. This alloy metal Is cast Into Ingots 3.01. Specified Ml':lii:..'llcal Properties
for further processing. 3.011 AMS spedl'led meci~'ID!cal properties for sheet and plate,
Table ~.ou.
1.09 Speclal Considerations TABLE 3 011
1.091 Solution treating temperature should be closely controlled Source (8)
as higher temperatures may cause solid solution grain Ailov 2219
boundary melting or eutectic melting which cannr t be Form Sheet and Pia te
repaired by subsequent heat treatment. Lower t:mpera Solution and preclpl
tures may rearut In a loss In hardening potential. Condition
0 tatlon heat treatment
1.092 Rapid quenching after solution tl:eatment Is Important
because of ,possible precipitation which results In reduced 0.040 to 0.499 to 0.040 to 1.000 to
Thlclcness In
corrosion re~rstance on olow cooling from the solution 0.499 2.00 1.000 2.000
treat tempe'l'llture. Ftuo -mlnksl 30 30 54 56
1.093 Reheat treatment ol clsd material should be done care
F , mlnkal.ll 16 . 36 36
eli In) min% 12 6
fully because copper tends to dl.!fuse through the cladding 6
to the surface, thereby decreasing corrosion re91staoce.
Maximum for 0 Condition
3.012 AMS specified mechanJcal properties for forgings, Table
3.012.
TABLI~ 3 012
Source 18'
Alloy 2219
Form Ole forl!ltin Hand forgings Rolled rtnp
Condition T6
Thickness in < 4.00 <4.00 2. 375 to 4. oo <2.5
Direction L T L T ST Tang. Axial
Ptu' mtnJcal 58 53 58 55 53 56 55
Fa', mtnJcal 38 35 40 37 35 40 37
e( In) min % 7 3 6 4 2 6 4
Applicable only !<>r tblclcness rani!" shown.

CODE 3205
PAGI:: 2
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.013 Aluminum Association mechanical property limits for AI

sheet and plate, Table 3. 013.
TABLE 3 013 6.3 Cu
ource (10
~Uoy 2219 0.3 Mn
IForm Sheet and plate
ll.:Ond!Uon 0 I T31 T31 T351 T37 T62 T8 T8 1'85 1'87 0.18 Zr
All
Width- In
Thickness - In Io. 020-2. ooo I o. 020-o. 249 I o. 250-6. ooo I o. 0205. ooo 0.020-2.000 Io. 020-o. 249 0. 250-6. 000 0. 020-5. 000 OJO V
-mtn-ksl 32.0 46.0 16,0-39.0 49.0-43.0 54 59.0-61.0 61.0-54.0 63.0-57.0
IFtu
-mln-ksl 16.0 29;0-28.0 28.0-25.0 38.034.0 36 44.0 44.041.0 50.0-47.0 0.06 Ti
Ftr
e In), -min -% 12 8-10 10-8 6-4 6 6 6-4 5-3

Maximum Cor 0 Condition 2219

3. 014 Aluminum Association mechanical property limits Cor
CLAD 2219
clad sheet and plate, Table 3,014.
TABLE 3 014
Source
llov
10
Clad 2219 .
orm Clad she~and_pla e
Condtion ~-~1 TJl, TJ~l TJ T62 1'81 1'81 1'851 1'87
lwidth-ln All
Thickness-In o. 040-2.000 kl. 040-0. ~49 o. 250-0. 499 0. 0400. 499 o. 040-0.499 o. 040-0. 249 o. 250.0. 499 o. 040-0. 499
mtnkal 32.0 42.0-44.0 44 45.0-47.0 47.0-51.0 55.058.0 58.0 57.0-59.0
Ftu
-mtn-ksl 25.026.0 26 34.035.0 32.0-34.0 40.0-42.0 42.0 46.0-45.0
F~, 16.0
6 6 6 5
e( In), min-% 12 10 10 6

Maximum Cor 0 Condition

3. 015 Alumin".un Association mecl;anical property limits for

rolled or cold finished wire, rod and bar and extruded
rod, bar, sbapes and rures, Table 3.015.
TABLE 3 015
(10
Source
IAilnu 2219
Form Rolled or CF Extruded rod, bar, shapes and tube
wire, rod and bar
T31, T35!0, 1'81, 1'8510,
1'851 0 T62 1'8511
Condition T35ll
[Ar~a - sq In - A s. ~~ < < ~ z:
Thickness or
Ola- In
min-ksl
0.500 -
2.000
2.001 -
4.000
57
All
32
:: 0.499
42
0.500-
2.999
45
::o. 999 I
54
.:: 1.000 :: 2. 999
58
Ftu 58
-mtn-ksl 39 18 26 27 36 42
Fn', 40
12 14 14 6 6
e( In) min% 4 4

Maximum Cor 0 Condition

3. 016 Aluminum As soclatlon mechanical property limits Cor die

forgings, hand forgings and rolled rings, Table 3. 016.
TABLE 3 016
(10)
Source
Alloy 2219
Hand forl!lngs Rolled rlnll!l
Form _!?.!e forszlnl!s
T6 1'852 T6
Condition T6
..,;4.00 s. 4. 00 s 2.500
Thickness In Tang. Axial Radial
L T L LT ST L LT ST
Direction 55 53
56 58 55 53 62 62 60 56
Ftu' mlnksl 58
40 37 35 50 49 46 40 37 35
Fri, mlnksl 38 36
6 4 2 6 4 3 6 4 2
e( In) min-% 10 4
3.02 Mechanical Propenles at Room Temperature
3.021 Tension
3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams. (See 3.0311).
3.0212 Typical tensile propenles, Table 3. 0212.
TABLE 3 0212
Source 9
Allnv 22 9
Sheet and plate
ll"nrm
T37 T6 1'81. T !51 17
I r.nnrlltlnn 0 T42 T31 T351
{. T L T L T L T
I nt~~rtlnn T T T
58 58 66 66 68 68
typ ksl 25 so 52 52 56 56
Ftu'
typ -ksl II 25 36 34 45 44 40 40 50 so 56 56
10 10
eF{fIn), 20 16 12 10 10 10 10 10
typ % 18 20

CODE 3205
PAGE 3
MIYY I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

3.0213 Effect of exposu re to elevate d temper atures on

AI tensile 3.0314 Effect ot test temper ature on tensile proper ties
propen les Of forged rod In T6 Condition, Fig. of alloy
3.0214 3. 0213. In T6 and T62 Conditions, Fig. 3. 0314.
Effect of exposu re to elevate d temper atures on
6.3 Cu propen les of plate In T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 0214.
tensile 3.0315 Effect of low temper ature on tensile proper ties
of sbeet
3.0215 Effect of exposu re on tensile proper ties of plate In 1'62 Condition, Fig. 3,0315 .
0.3 Mn Condition, Fig. 3. 0215.
In T62 3.0316 Effect of low temper ature on tensile proper ties
3.0216 of sbeet
Effect of exposu re on tensile proper ties of sheet In T81 Condition, Fig. 3. 0316.
O.ISZr plate In TBI and T851 Condition, Fig. 3.0216
and 3.0317 l!t, ~ct of low temper ature on tensile proper
. ties of sheet
3.0217
0.10 v Effect of exposu re on tensile proper ties of plate
Condition, Fig. 3. 0217.
In T87 3.0318
and plate In T87 Condition, Fig. 3.0317 .
Effect of elevate d temper ature on the tensile
proper ties
3.022 Compr ession of sheet In T81 Condition, Fig. 3,0318 .
0.06 Ti 3. 0221 Stress strain diagram s 3.0319 Effect of test temper ature on tensile proper ties
3.0222 of ex-
Typical compre ssive yield strengt h, Table 3. trusion In T6 Condition, Fig. 3,0319 .
0222. 3.032 Compr ession
2219 3.0321 Stress- strain diagram s
CLAD 2219 TABLE 3 0222 3.0322 Effect ot test temper ature on compre ssive yield
ISoure" (9) of sheet and plate In the T62 Condition, Fig.
stress
Ulov 2219 3.033 Impact 3. 0322.
IForm Sheet and plate 3.0331 Effect of low temper ature on Impact strengt h
T62 I TBI T851 I of plate In
T87 T8 7 Condition, Fig. 3. 0331.
lrn,... rrinn L I T
Fev, tVP -ksl
I LJ T 1 L J T 3.034 Bending
44 44 53 54 57 60 3,035 Torsion and shear
3.0351 Effect of test temper ature on shear strengt h of
3.023 Impact . See 3. 033. sheet and
plate In 1'62 Condition, Fig. 3. 0351.
3.024 Bending 3,0352 Effect of low temper ature on shear strengt h of
3.025 Torsio n and shear sheet In
various conditions, Fig. 3. 0352.
3.0251 Typical ultimat e shear strengt h, Table 3.0251 3.036 Bearing
.
3.0361 Effect of test temper ature on hearing propen
les of sheet
TABLE 3 0251 In T31 and TBI Conditions, Fig. 3. 0361.
Source (9) 3.037 Stress concen tration
Allov 221!1 3.0371 Notch proper ties
Form Sheet and plate 3.03711 Effect of low temper ature on tensile and notch
Condition proper ties
T62 I TBI T851 I T87 of alloy In T87 Condition, Fig. 3.0371 1.
F""' -typ. ksl 36 I 38 1 40 3.03712 Effect of stress concen tration factor on low temper
ature
notch strengt h of sheet and plate, Fig. 3.0371
3.026 Bearing 3.0372 2.
Fractu re toughness
3.0261 Typica l hearing proper ties, Table 3.0261 . 3.03721 Effect of test temper ature on net fractur e strengt
h of
TBI sheet, Fig. 3. 03721.
3.0.18 Combined proper ties
TABLE 3 0261
Source (9)
Allov 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Proper ties
2219 3.041 Creep rupture curves for extrusi on In T6 Conditi
Form Sheet andpla te on at
ICondfrfon T62 400 and 600F, Fig. 3.041.
TBI, T851 T87
e/0 1.5 2.0 Creep and creep rupture curves for plate and
).5 J 2.0 !. 5 _f 2. 0 forging In
Fbru -typ. -ksl 1'6, T87 and T851 Conditions at room temper
90 1120 ature,
Fbrv' -typ. ksl 96 J25 100.1131 Fig. 3.042.
67 80 76 87 80 90 3.043 Creep and creep rupture curves tor plate and
forgings In
3.027 1'6, 1'62, T87 and T851 Conditions at 300?, Fig.
Stress concen tration. See 3.037. 3.044 3.043.
3.0271 Creep and creep rupture curves for forgings
Notch proper ties In T6
3.0272 Condition from 400F to 700F, Fig. 3.044.
Fractu re toughness 3.045
3.028 Creep and creep rupture curves for plate In 1'62,
Combined propen les TBSI,
and T87 Conditions from 400F to 700F, Fig.
3.046 3. 045.
3.03 Creep and creep rupture curves for sheet In
Mechanical Propen les at Various Tempe ratures TBI Cond
3.031 ltion from 300F to 600F, Fig. 3. 046.
Tensio n 3.047
3.0311 Creep curves for clad sheet In T6 Condition at
Stress- strain diagram s 400F, Fig.
3. 03111 3.047.
Stress- straiu curves for alloy In T6 Condltioo 3.048 Creep curves tor clad sheet In T6 Condition at
at room SOOF,
and elevate d temper atures, Fig. 3.0311 1.
3.03112 Fig. 3.048.
Stress- strain curves for T62 sheet at low temper 3.049 Creep curves tor clad sheet In T6 Condition at
atures, 600F,
Fig. 3. 03112. Fig. 3.049,
3.03113 Stress- strain curves tor TBI sheet at low temper
atures,
Fli. 3.0311 3. 3.05 Fatigue Proper ties
3.03114 Stress- strain cHvcs for T87 sheet at low temper
atures, 3.051 Fatigue strengt h of alloy In T6 Condition at room
Fig. 3.03114. and
3.0312 elevate d temper atur'!S , Table 3. 051.
ElCp(l!i ure time eUect on tensile proper ties
3.(\1121 Effect of exposv r:. and test temper ature on tensile
prop- TABLE 3 051
erties of alloy ;n T6 Conrlltion, Fig. 3.03121. Source
3.03122 ctfect of test tempt! ranre and exposu re time 131
on tensile Allov 22 9
propen les of plate In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.0312 Ecmn
3.03123 2. Foned rod
Effect of test temper ature and exposu re time ICondition
on tensile T6
propen les of sbeet and plate In TBI and T851
Condition, Stress Fatigue Strengt h
Fig. 3.0312 3, Temp- F - ksl
Method
~~ a Cycles

-
3,03124 Effect of test temper ature and exposu re time
on tens lie A R
propen les of plue Jn'T87 C'.ondltion, Fig. 3.0312
4. RT Rotllcam
loS Io6 107 roB SxioB
3,0312 5 Effect of test temper ature and exposu re time -1 30 25 21 18.5
on tensile 300 17.5
propen les ol forging s In T6 CoudltJon, Fig. 27 22 17.5 14.5 13.5
3.0313 3. 03125. 400 25
Effect of test temper ature on minimum tensile 20 IS 12 11
propen les 500 22
of alloy In 1'62 and TBI Condlllons, Fig. 3. 0313. 17 12 9 8
600 18 13 9 7 6.5

CODE 3205
PAGE 4
 #o\1 YY I
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.052 Fatigue strength of extrusion In T6 Condition at 400 and 4. FABRICATION

600F, Table 3.052.
4.01 Formablllty
AI
TABLE 3 052
4.011
Source (5)
. General. The alloy exhibits equal or superior formabllii:J 6.3 Cu
characterlstlcs to 2024 and 7075for comparable tempers,
Allov ~ (22).
IFonn Extrusion 4.012
0.3 Mn
Forging. Forgings are made using either the open die or
I Conditio T6
Stress IFatigue Strengthksl
closed die methods and by Impact or pressure. Small 0.18 Zr
Thick runs are made using the band forging open die techniques.
ness- TempF Method
R
r!!!-VL
105
at Cycles
106 107 4.013
Hand forgings over a ton In weight can be made.
Cold forming. The formablllty of the alloy In sheet and
0.10 v
1 1/2 400 Direct +I 0
600 stress
36
25
28
20
22 plate Is directly related to the temper strength and 0.06 Ti
14 ductility. Suggested minimum bend radii of sheet and
1/8 600 25 20 16 plate In various tempers, Table 4. 013.
2219
3.053 Fatigue limit In rotating beam tests at 5 x loB cycles, 4.02 Macblnlng and Grinding
Table 3. 053. 4.021 The alloy bas good machining qualities in the annealed
CLAD 2219
state. Since most of the macblnlng Is done In the beat
TABLE 3 053 treated conditions, lathe tools should be ground to 1020"
, .......p
9 side rake and 810" clearance. Parting tools should
IAI.Iov 2219 have a 1520" top rake with a 45" side rake, Planer
fl:n~ i)fleet ana plate and sbaper tools for rougblng cuts should have a 1215"
Condition T62, TBI, T85I, T87 top rake, 3238 side ral:e and a 810" front and side
Temp F Method JF~llmlr-5 xI dl~vriP clearance. Flnlshlnj tools should have a 4550" top rake,
RT Rot beam .l IS ksl 5060" side rake, 8Hi" front clearance and little or no
side clearance. Twist drills sholl!d have larger spiral
3.054 SN curves for smooth and notched specimens of plate angles than standard, highly polished deep flutes,
in TBI Condition, Fig. 3.054. narrow bands, and up to 18 lip clearance. Threadlns
3.055 SN curves for forgings in T6 Condition at 400 and 600F, taps should have highly polished flutes IUid should be
Fig. 3.055. under cut. Spiral fluted taps are usually better than
3.056 SN curves Cor sheet in T87 Condition at room tempera straight fluted. The rake angles should be Increased to
ture and low temperatures, Fig. 3. 056. 1218". Soluble oll emulsions, kerosene, and kerosene
lard oll mixtures are recommended !or most macblnlng
3.06 Elastic Properties operations, but high viscosity lubricants are recommend
3.061 Poisson's ratio ed for tapping operations, (22).
3.062 Modulus of elasticity
3.0621 Modulus of elastlcl3' for all Conditions at room tempera 4.03 Welding
ture, E = 10.6 X 10 ksl, (9), \.031 General. The alloy can be satisfactory welded by fusion
3.0623 Modulus of elasticity at various temperatures for forgings and resistance welding te~balques. Brazing, gas weld
in T6 Condition, Fig. 3. 0623. lng and soldering are not considered suitable tecbnlques
3.0624 Modulus of elasticity at various temperatures for sheet for Joining the alloy, (9).
and plate In various Conditions, Fig. 3. 0624. 4.032 Fusion welding. Fusion welding of the alloy using 2319
3.0625 Modulus of elastlcty at low temperature of sheet In TBI alloy filler and the Inert gas metal arc welding process
Condition, Fig. 3. 0625. bas been found to be superior to any other beat treatable
3.063 Modulus of rigidity alloy of simllar strength. The alloy Is very similar to
3.0631 6061 using 4043 filler with respect to ease of welding.
Design value of modulus of rigidity at room temperature
Direct fusion welds are eatfrely practicable without the
Cor sheet and plate, G = 4.0 x 103 ksl, (9).
use of !Iller metal, (9).

TABLE 4 0!3
I~. ,.~ 101
Allov 22 9
Form Sheet and olate
Thickness In Minimum bend radii for_ 90" cold bends
Condition
0
l/64
0
1/32 1/16
1/2-
1/8
i/2t
I 3/16 1 1/4 I
2t
3/8 1/2 3/4 I
2 3-ll_
T42 0 I U2-2 lL2t_ 23t l/23112t 3-ft L..IL2.'l.l.lZt.
T3l 1/2 I 1/21 1 " 2t 11/22 !at 1112- 3t I 24t 121/24t 35t
T37 I 2 I 1/2 I 2t I !/23t 21 2 - 4t 3 4 i/2t_l3 l/2-St 46t 57t
T62, TBI - 3 /2t 2 1/2 -~t 35t 46t 5-7t 69
T87 2 I/2 4t 3 St 46t 57t 5!/28t 69t 710t S-Ilt

4.0321 Welds In the alloy have high tenslle efficiency and good
ductility following a post weld beat treatment. Typical
mechanical properties of butt welds, Table 4. 0321.
TABLE 4 0321
Source 9
Allov 2219
Form llltt welded sheet and plate
Condition
Mter welding
TBI T87
As welded
T3!
Aged to
-
Reheat and
-
Reheat, shot peened
TBI or T87 ARed to T62 and~dtoTBI
FtU' typksi 41 45 57 63
Fflt, typksl 30 39 39 49
e In) tvPC% 3 2 8 8

CODE 3205
PAGE IS
AIWT REV I SED MARCH 1967
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

. - - - - -.... 4.033 .Kesistance welding. Tbe alloy can be successfully spot

AI and seam welded using machine scbedules similar to
those established for 2014 and 2024 alloys. Conventional
6.3 Cu pre-cleaning practices are used. Sbear strength of resl&t.-
ance welds Is in the same range as obtained with 2014
0.3 Mn and 2024 alloys, (9).

0.18 Zr 4.04 Heat Treatment

0.10 v 4.05
4.051
Surface Treatment
The same techniques used for anodizing, bard coating,
0.061i and producing conversion coatings on 2024 and 2014 can
be used on this alloy, (9).

2219
CLAD 2219

60
2219AI I
CONDT4 l./
50
lOOOF, WQ
~ ~
~ FTU

40
1ii

30
__... -wF
,V
~
. ._._...
TY
~
f-o
z
20

20
..
e(2 IN)
.
"'
u
"""'
"" 10
0 .1 1 10 10Z 10 104 1
NATURAL AGING TIME- HR
FIG. 1.0561 EFFECT ON NATURAL AGING TIME ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF ALLOY IN T4 CONDITION (9, p. 26)

14
2219AI
CONDO

'~
~
!--
_......
---
IL

""
w
""~
12

, //
VI --- MEAN COEF LINEAR
TI~ERMAL EXPANSION

"'""""
10
I
~ I
~
8 /
I
FROM RT TO TEMP

6
-400 -200 200 400
INDICATED

600 BOO
I 1000
TEST TEMP F
FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION (II)

CODE 3205
PAGE 6
 roll '1'1 I
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

0" 12 r:22;:';1';:'9Al~,---,---...--.,..--.. ,.--.....,. --....., AI

! 0.10 F==t===~F===I====+--+---+-==1
6.3 Cu
0.3 Mn
0.18 Zr
o.~4oo~----2~oo---~o-----2-00~---400~--~~--8~oo----~1000
0.10 v
0.06li
TEST TEMP- F

FIG. 2. 021 DENSITY

{11) 2219
CLAD 2219

80
2219AITO 0.100 IN
0.088 II I I
SALT l:yRAY COE~OSION Ti'STS (20\1: N Cl)
70
. 7. ......,
60
17 FTU

l2
"
-;
so
~ ~
~
40
11. T31
40 ~ OT42
T62
i2
... T82 20
T84
~
20
~
"' 0
40
!-- e(2 IN) ...., !--
zCl
z u
Cl 10 ~
u
~
~
...
Cl
0
...
Cl
0 200 400 600 800

0
200 TEMP- F
0 40 80 120 160
EXPOSURE TIME - HR FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO EJ.EVATED
TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE PROPER-
FIG. 2. 0311 EFFECT OF SALT SPRAY CORROSION ON TENSILE TIES OF FORGED ROD IN T6 CONDITION
PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN VARIOUS TEMPERS (3)

CODE 3205
PAGE 7
 nunr~~nuu~ ALLOYS REVI SED MARCH 1967

AI 2219Al 80
COND T6
6.3 Cu 2 IN PLATE
...
0.3 Mn v-z:, 60

~ ~
~
0.18 Zr
TU
0.10 v 40 l
Q06 Tl TEST EDAT RT
\
60
20
2219
CLAD 2219
~ 40

~~
f-> """1

Ito
~
EXPOSURE FTY
20
1- o.s ~
0100
.ol 1()00
R
\
0
1:!. 10,009 !i
al
20
u
""
al
e(2 IN)
~ "' 0
0
al
u 20 p 200 400 600 BOO
""
al

"'
0
...
....,. . .
e(2 IN)
~
FIG. 3,0216
EXPOSURE TEMP - F
EFFE CT OF EXPOSURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SHEE T AND PLATE
IN
0
200 400 1111 AND 11151 CONDITION
600 800
EXPOSURE TEMP - F (9, p. IS)
FIG. 3.0214 EFFE CT OF EXPOSURE
ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF PLATE IN T6 CONDITION
(13)

2219Al 80
COND T62
PLATE
1---h~~~_....,.:----:r------'-
60 i 60 l2
~
~~.i:
60
40 Ito'?-

40
20 l2
FTY '
EXPOSURE
~ EXPOSURE
Ito~ l
0

i::
Ito
20

0
"'J
0 100
.ol 1000
1:!. 10,
HR
20
0.5
0 100 J' HR
.ol 1000
1:!. 10,000

1-o 20
z
al
u
""
al
"' 0
e(4D)
OL---1----1---_
.;'---~
0 200 400 600 800 0 200 400 600 800
BXI'OSURE 1EMP - F
EXPOSURE TEMP - F
FIG. 3,0215 EFFEC T OF EXPOSURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF PLATE IN T62 COND FIG. 3.0217 EFFE CT OP EXPOSURE ON TENSILE
ITION
(9, p. 14) PROPERTIES OP PLATH IN T87
CONDITIIJN (9, p. 17)

CODE 320 5
PAGE 8
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWT

120
2219Al AI
0.100 IN SHEET
'1'81 COND 6.3 Cu
100
,.., 0.3 Mn
_o ~
-i23P
80

(%
1---
-
-. ' 320P
OJB Zr
OJO V
Q06li
......::;: k:::--
~"
v
60 -HOP
RT
2219
TENSION CLAD 2219
100 HR EXPOSURE

0.002 0.004 0.006 0.0011

STRAIN - IN PER IN 20
-L
PIG. 3.03111 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES POR ALLOY ---T
IN T6 CONDITION AT ROOM AND TENrON
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (4,p.l44)
0
0 0.040 0.080 0.120 0.160 0.200
STRAIN - IN PER IN

PIG. 3.03113 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES POR 1'81 SHEET AT LOW

TEMPERATURES (14,p.A.5. b-2,A-5.b 3)

120
2219Al
0.100 IN SHEET
1'87 COND
100
2219Al 100
~ -- -~"

-
0.100 IN SHEET
r-:--- 423P

80
T6:Z COND .,.._;:;:.:::-

~ ~--""'
-423P
80 / ...... --- .....

v: -- ~
320P
-320P
~
60 ~-
~ ......
60 ~ ~ ~' HOP

~
-llOP

RT
~ RT

--L
---T -L
I ---T
20 20

TENtON
TENSION
0 0 I
0 0.040 0.080 0.120 0.160 0.200 0 0.040 0.080 o. 120 0.160 o. 200
STRAIN - IN PER IN STRAIN - IN PER IN
PIG. 3.03112 STRESS-STRAIN CURVBS POR T62 SHEET AT PIG. 3.03114 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES POR 1'87 SHEET AT LOW
LOW TEMPERATURES (14,p.A.5. b,A.5.b-l) TEMPERATURES (14,p.A.5. h-4, A.S.h-5)

CODE 3205
PAGE .9
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 19S7

80
2219Al
AI
6.3 Cu "- t-s- ...........
T6 COND

60

~
0.3 Mn
0.18 Zr
60

~"~
OJO V
QOGTi
40
....._ 20
~~-
~ ~ "\
2219 i2
CLAD 2219 i TY
c..j:: 20
~-
0
I-30MIN} I

0
l-100 HR
1--1000 HR
BXPOSURB
~'!
80
!
lf
0
II
e(21N) 16'.....e
... ._.-
0
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

TBMP- P

PIG. 3.03121 BFFBCTOF BXPOSURB AND TBST TBMPBRATURB ON

TBNSILB PROPBRTIBS OF ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION (3)
100
22J9Al
PLATB
1'62 COND
L 80

80
60
i2
60 i:
c..
40

i2
40
j:: 20
c..
HR
20
0

80

~IJ
or: 40
...
IQ

e(4D)

0
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

TBSTTBMP - F

PIG. 3.03122 BPPBCT OF TBST TBMPBRATURB AND BXI'OSURB TIMB ON

TBNSlLB PROPBRTIBS OF PLATS IN Tii CX>NDmON
(9,p.14)

CODE 3205
DAI.!IC"
 AIWT
REVISEDMARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

100
120 r-.r-----.----~----~----~------~22~1~9M~
SHEET, PLATE AI
1'81, T851 COND
L
80 6.3 Cu
100
0.3 Mn
OJB Zr
OJO V
006Ti
40
60
2219
~ 20
CLAD 2219
40
~
BXI'OSURE
"' eo.sJ 0
20 0100 HR
.. 1000
.0.10,

80

1--
~
0 40
a:
~ c(2 IN)
"' 2219AI
0 PLATE
600 800 100
-400 -200 0 200 400 1'87 COND
L
TBSTTBMP - F
80
FIG. 3.03123 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND EXPOSURE TIME ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OP SHBET A."'D PLATH IN 1'81 AND 1'851
CONDITION (9, p.lS)

60 ~
~
60 40
"'

rJ 40 20

i=
"' 20
. o.s }
EXPOSURE

0100
HR
0
AlOOO
1::. 10,000

80

1--
z
~
t.l 40
a:
....
~
c(4 D)

0
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 BOO

TBSTTBMP P

PIG. 3.03124 BFPECTOP TESTTBMPBRATURB AND EXPOSURE TIMB ON

TBNSILE PROPERTIES OP PLATE IN 1'87 CONDmON
(9,p.l7)

CODE 3205
PAGE II
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

------r-----r-------2~21~9~M~ 80
AI
FORGINGS
6.3 Cu T6COND

0.3 Mn
OJ8 Zr
60
OJO V
0.06 Ti
40
2219 i2
CLAD 2219 ~
20
"'
0 '!'~'}
0 100
... 1000
HR

80 /),. 10,000

til
u 40
..: e(4D)
...
til

0
0 200 400 600 800
TEST TEMP F
----- ...--- -....- ----- ----- ----- -.....
FIG. 3.03'125 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND ..., 100
2219 AI
EXPOSURE TIMB ON TBNSILE PROPERTIES STRAIN RATE 5 KSI PER MIN TO FTY
OF FORGINGS IN T6 CONDm ON (9,p ,18) 0.050 IN/IN/MIN TO FAILURE
80

60-
!2
g
.a"'

20

e(21N)

oL----L----L----L----L---~--~
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800
TBST TEMP- F
FIG. 3, 0313 BFFBCT OF TBST TBMPERATURB ON MINIMUM TENSlLB
PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN T62 AND 1'81 CONDm ONS
(11, P 30)

COOE 3205 1 , ... ,

 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

100
2219Al AI
1'62 6.3 Cu

' 1\
AT6
80
0.3 Mn

80

60
...
" ~'--.. ....
FTU

~
60

40
~
}
2219
OJ8 Zr
OJO V
().()6 Ti

~
~ 40
~ ....._ FTY

- \ 20
CLAD 2219

~ ~\ ~
"'
0
20

\
0
80

!--
~
z _L
...""
t.l 40
e ~
..."" r-
0 600
400 200 0 /200

TEST TEMP F
!
E PROPERTIES
FIG, 3.0314 EFFEC T OF TEST TEMPERf_TURE ON TENSIL
(15,p.4 5,49)
OF ALLOY IN T6 AND 1'62 CONDITION
I

100 2219Al
0.090 TO 0.125 IN SHEET 100 2219Al
T62 COND
L, T 0.063 TO 0,100 IN SHEET
80 T81 COND
L T
80

~ ~
60
60

40
40
20 20
~t.l
e e
~
""...
t.l
...
..."" 0 0 100
""... 0
400 -300 -200 100 0 100
-400 300 -200 -100
TBSTT EMP P
TESTT BMP F
FIG. 3.0316 EFFEC T OF LOW T8MPERATURE ON TENSILE
FIG. 3.0315 EFFEC T OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OP SHEET IN T81 CONDm ON
PROPERTIES OP SHEBT IN T62 CONDITION (14, p. A. 51.1, A. S.b-1, A. 5b2, A. 5c2, A. 5c3)
(14, p.A. S,A, A.S,b, A.Sc, A.5c1)

I CODE 32051
AIWT NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

22I9Al 22I9Al
AI 1()0 0,063 TO 2.00 IN SHEET, PLATE j.._ EXTRUSION 60
T87 COND
6.3 Cu L, T I~ T6 COND
~i}4 xI I/2 IN SECTION
0.3 Mn
0.18 Zr
80
60
AL I I/8 x I/8 IN SECTION ~
OJO V
!2
!2 r~
o.os Ti 60 0
40 20
~
~
~
fl.
TU
2219 40 IOO HR EXPOSURE
CLAD 2219 ~ 20 20
....
.
0
cr:
lXI
0
~
lXI
20
... e(I IN)
...__.., ~-
-400 -300 -200

TEST TEMP- F
-IOO 0 IOO
.
0
cr:
tol
0
0
0--

100 200 300

........

400 500
FIG. 3.0317 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
TEMP- F
PROPERTIES OF SHEET AND PLATE IN T87
CONDITION (14,p.A.Sa-2, A.Sb-3, A.Sc:-4)
FIG. 3.03I9 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF EXTRUSION IN T6 CONDITION
(5, p. 8,9)

70
2219Al
\ SHEET, PLATE
T62 COND
60 1\

so \ .....
r'--
80
~
--r--- ---....,
2219Al
0.100IN SHEET 40

60
............
T81 COND FCY

"\
r--..
~
30

40

F~ :\
~ !'-......
20

20
\
20 ~ IO
t\

0
~
e
1..-----

0
"
0 IOO 200 300 400 500 600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

TESTTBMP- F TEST TEMP- F

FIG. 3.03I8 BFFBCT OF BLEVATED TEMPERATURE ON 1118 TBNSILE FIG. 3.0322 EPPECT OF TEST TBMPBRATURB ON COMPRESSIVE YIELD
PROPERTIES OP SHBET IN TSI CONDmON (I6) STRESS OF SHBBT AND PLATB IN TifE T62 CONDITION (17)
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

70
2219Al 2219Al
0.500 IN PLATE 0. 100 IN SHEET
AI
~ 6.3 Cu
1'87 COND

--T8r
6 60

~'~
...... 0.3 Mn

-- -- 1 - - ==i:. OND OJB Zr

4 - -1- - 50
OJO V
'' ~
2
--L
--- T

-300 -200
IE

-100
i
0 100
40
' ............ ~-
' ....... t::.::::- IT
~--- j:..::..-..: __
----
L
0.06 Ti
-400
Psu
2219
TEST TEMP- P CLAD ~2!9
30
PIG. 3.0331 EPPECT OP LOW TEMPERA1URE ON IMPACT -400 300 -200 -100 0 100
STRENGTH OP PLATE IN 1'87 CONDITION
(14, p. A.S.J) TEST TEMP P

PIG. 3.0352 EPPECT OP LOW TEMPERA1URE ON SHEAR STRENGTH

OP SHEET IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS
(1-',p.A.Sp, A.S.p)

60
2219Al
SHEET, PLATE

'
1'62 COND
50

40
I~ 1---
~ 30
~ r--.
20

0
""' \ ~

"-..
0
800
0~--~~--~--~~----~--~----~
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
-400 -200 (\ 200 400 600

TEST TEMP- P TESTTEMP P

PIG. 3.0351 EPPECT OP TEST TEMPERA1URE ON SHEAR STRENGTH OP PIG. 3.0361 EPPilCT OP TEST TBMPIIRA1URE ON BBARING
SHEET!AND PLATE IN T62 CONDmON (17) PROPERTIES OP SHEBT IN T31 AND 1'81 CONDmONS
(16)
 110
AI 2219AI
1'87 COND
6.3 Cu
100
\
~
0.3 Mn Kr
~
....
1
0.18 Zr 6.3
90
OJO V
i2 ~ F'IU
0.06 Ti
80 ~
2219 .... ~
CLAD 2219
"'-. FTY ~ ::::--
70
-
"- ~r--
~
(IQ
0
=
...
(IQ
60
20

10
....

-400
--....
-300
e
-200 -100
--
0 100
TEST TEMP- F

FIG. 3.03711 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERAtuR E ON TENSILE AND

NOTCH PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN 1'87 CONDITION 100
(18)
!~
......... 423F
2219AI
0.09 TO 0.125 IN SHEET

80 Il ~ T62 COND

rr-
~ r-- lot-

----
60
"'T
J." ..... -- ---;;;:::
100
-L
---T
.:r
RT ~
---- - - F-r::
~~23F O. 063-0.100 IN SHEET

i2 ~-i:._"\ ';&1 COND

~
(IQ

~
80
RT~
- _
:---- -
.;:................ -
--
!2"' -~
-- - ---- -~
60

100 :h

80
~~
1t_

"""'
,
-423F'I
.... ~
-~
0. 01 3 - 2. 00 IN SHBET,
PLATE
1'87 COND

-320F
r.:-::::-: ~ t::::-
60
Tr
~-
RTl. --- !=:'~'
- -- ~

NOTCH STRENGTH
.....
~

40 I
0 8 12 16 20 24

STRESS CONCBNTRATION FACTOR - ~

FIG. 3. 03712 EFFBCT OF STRESS CONCENTR/1TION FACTOR ON LOW

TBMPERA'IURB NOTCH STRENGTH OF SHEBT AND
l'!.ATB (14, p. A.S.e)

CODE 3205
PAGE 18
 60
2219AI
\ 0.060 IN SHEET AI
1'81 COND
55 '-..!.. 6.3 Cu
~ P.TU 71.0 '.estI 0.3 Mn
~
Kc(NOM) 42,6 KS1 VJN'
0.18 Zr
~ so
~ OJO V

45
NET PRA,.TURE SIENGTH
~ ........... 0.06 Ti
I I ........,:

~
SPECIMEN: ASTM, 3 IN WIDE 2219
Kc iED ON JITIAL CRtCK LEN(rH CLAD 2219
40
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400

TBSTTEMP- P

PIG. 3.03721 EPl'ECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON NET FRACTURE STREN!;THOF

TJ1 SHEET

40
'221'JA1
30 .>.Y..TRUSION
'f6 COND

0
0 ..-~

._ 400P

---- ___,__
20

15
0

10 ~
RUPTURE
8
0.1 10 100 1000

TIME- HR

PIG. 3.041 CREEP RUPTURE CURVES FOR EXTRUSION IN T6

CONDITION AT 400 AND 600F (5, p. 13)

100
2219Al
80 FORGING

-
T6 COND
60

r-- ...,
40

100
RT PLATE
80 1'81 COND

~ 60

e RUPTURE
100 AI.()%}
o.5cx, PLATE
80 CREEP 1'851 CONI:
_l8:ii
60

40
0.1 1.0 10 xo2
TIME- HR

PIG. 3.042 CREBP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES FOR PLATE AND FORGING
IN T6, 1'87 AND 1'851 CONDITIONS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
(9,p.!6,17,18)

CODE 3205
PAGE 17
AI YY I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1967

40
AI 2219AI
6.3 Cu 30 FORGING
T6COND
0.3 Mn
20
0.18 Zr
15
0.10 v
10
o.osn 30

2219 ~ 20
CLAD 2219 12
1>:1 15
<>:
!i;
10

r---~~~~~-+~~~~~~--410

8 ~
1------t-~-tt-~ ............+-~~ 6 ~

4
~

60 10 ~------~-----4-------+----~ 2
r 2219AI
PLATE 8 ~~~~+-------+-------+-----~
0 T62 COND
t:---.
-
1'--
eRUPTIJR E
2 0 41.01\',
60 f.-o.51\', CRErP
r---::: r---::
~0.2~
0.1
FORGING
T6COND
'" 2
~ e RUPTIJRE

0
12
1>:1
I=
~]
0.51\',
... 0.21\', CREEP
0
PLATE "' 0.11\)

--
~iOOP
1'87, 1'851 COND 0.8
0

30 ~ r--- 0.6

1--- - --.........
.........
0.4
20 0.1 10 100 1000
0.1 1.0 10 lo3
TIME- HR

TIME- HR PIG. 3.044 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTIJRE CURVES FOR FORGINGS
IN T6 CONDITION PROM 400P TO 700P (9, p. 18)
PIG. 3.043 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTIJRE CURVES FOR PLATE AND FORGING
IN T6, T62, 1'87 AND 1'851 CONDITIONS AT 300P
(9. p.l4,16,1 7,18)

CODE 3205
PAGE_ 18
,;.

l'.,
REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWT

'"'"
-~
.. I
2219Al 2219Al
AI

-
40 PLATE so SHI!BT
'"- T62, T851, T87 COND T81 COND
40 6.3 Cu
30
...

~ ~ ~ :=::::::::.---.....,
30 0.3 Mn
20 0.18 Zr
15 ~ ~ 400~ 20
OJO V

~~
30
0.06 Ti
10
""'-.... 20
2219
CLAD 2219

"""
15
!2 30

::::-., ._ SOOP
10
20

15
""----..; ~-..:::j ~ ~

~~ ~
12 6
10
'--..... ~ 20
~~ 15
6
........
20
~ 2219Al
10
PLATE

~...........~
~l,T87COND

15
10
8
............. ""'-"'-: ~600P

~~
"'~"'""
"" "'~
10
6
600P
4 6
e RUPlURB
........ 1o2

"""'
0.1 1.0 10
3

2
~l
0 5%
'Y 0.2\t
0.1%
CREEP
~
TIM!!- HR

10 PIG. 3.046 CRI!I!P AND CREEP RUP'JURB CURVES POR SHEET

!2 8
~
IN T81 CONDmON FROM 300P TO 600F
(9,p.IS)

6
......... ~ ~. 25 . - - - - - - - . - - - - - . . . - - - - - - - .
2219Al

~~
'~ ~
0. 064 IN CI..AD SHEET
T6 COND
4

2
~ ~~~ 0 !'-..."' r-.....__
~ ~
1.5
~ ............
~
).0
......
0.8
0.1 1.\1 10 lo2
'11MB- HR

PIG. 3.045 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES POR PLATE IN 5

10, 100 1000
T62, 11151 AND T87 CONDITIONS PROM 400P TO 700P
(9,p.J4,16,17)
TIME- HR

PIG. 3.047 CRBBP CURVES POR CLAD SHBET IN T6 CONDITION

AT 400P (19)

CODE 3205
PAGE 19
AIWT NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1967

25 40
2219AI 2219AI ',
AI 0, 064 IN CLAD SHE~T liN PLATE "-.-..-'
T6 COND T81 COND
6.3 Cu
0.3 Mn 20
CREEP (PLASTIC)
0.18 Zr ,
0.1
0,2
0.10 v ... o.sPERCENT 20
1.0
15
0.06 Ti ~
10
2219 ~
CLAD 2219 10

NUMBER OF CYCLES

o L------..!------L------'-----...J
0.1 10 100 1000
FIG. 3,0S4 S-N CURVES OF SMOOTH AND NOTCHED SPECIMENS
OF PLATE IN 1'81 CONDITION (9, p. 22)

TIME- HR

FIG. 3.048 CREEP CURVES FOR CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION AT SOOF

(19)

2219Al
FORGINGS
T6 COND

20
~---~~---~-------~2~21~9-AI,
0.064 IN CLAD SHEET
T6 COND

15 1------..Ji-~.,..-----j.-- CREEP (PLASTIC)

O.I
't' 0 2 PERCENT
... 0.5
1.0

5~----~---~----~----~
0.1 10 100 1000
'I L----~~-----..!~---~~---~
104 !OS 106 107 I08

TIME HR NUMBER OF CYCLES

FIG. 3.049 CREEP CURVES !'OR CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION FIG. 3.055 S-N CURVES FOR FORGINGS IN T6 CONDITION AT 400 AND 600F
AT 600F (19) (20)

CODE 32051
DAt.!C' "n
 REVISED MARCH 1967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWT

80
2219Al
0.100 IN SHEET AI
T87 COND i
6.3 Cu
60 0.3 Mn
AXIAL LOAD
FATIGUE 0.18 Zr
0.10 v
~ 40
0.06 Ti

2219
20 CLAD 2219

NUMBER OF CYCLES

PIG, 3,056 S-N CURVES FOR SHBBT IN T87 CONDmON AT ROOM 2219Al
TEMPBRATURB AND LOW TEMPERATURES ( ,p.A.S.0)12
r-.. SHEET, PLATE

~ r---
14 T62, 1'81, 1'851, T87 COND

-..._
Ia-....
E
"""
8

6
-400 -200 0

TEST TEMP- P
200 400
"' 1'\ 600 800

PIG. 3.0624 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES

FOR SHEET AND PLATE IN VARIOUS CONDI'IIONS
(9, p. 14 17)

13
2219Al
SHEET
12 T81 COND
............. 2219Al
12

10
I---. -
.....
~
FORGINGS
T6 COND

~ l2
(9) 11

" ~
0 (4)
E

'\ 10

6
-400 -200 0 200 400 600
1\ 800
9
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
TESTTBMP- P
TBSTTBMP- F
FIG. 3.0623 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES
FOR FORGINGS IN T6 CONDITION PIG. 3.0625 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT LOW TBMPBRATURB OF
(4,p.144)(9,p.l8) SHBBT IN TSI CONDITIOJII (14,p.A.SI, A.S.I-1)

CODE 3205
PAGE 21
AIWT NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCHI967

AI
6.3 Cu
0.3 Mn
0.18 Zr
0.10 v
0.06 Ti

2219
CLAD 2219

RBFBRBN:ES

Aluminum Co. of America, "Aluminum Sbeet and Plate

General Information, Mechanical and Fllyslcal Properties",
Product Data, Sec. AC2A, (Dec. 1, 1961)
2 Aluminum Co. of America, "Alcoa Alloy 2219", Develop-
ment Dlv., (Mar. 28, 1959)
3 Alumlmun Co. of America, Research Laboratories, Data
Sbeet, (May 24, July 25, 1957)
4 Achbach, W.P., Favor, R.J. and Hyler, W.S., "Material
Property-Design Crlleria for Metals", WADC TR 55150,
Pari VI, (Oct. 1955)
5 Hendricks, P. L., "Metallurgical lovestlgallon of Aluminum
Alloy X-22191"6", WADC TN 58-57, Uuoe 1958)
6 Guy, D.M., Jr., "Personal Leuer", Aluminum Co. of
America, (May 28, 1959)
7 Brennecke, M. W., "Welding Characterlsllcs of X-2219
Alloy", Aluminum Co. of America, Research Laboratories,
Rep, No. 258-lla, (May 15, 1958)
8 AMS 4031, Uuoe 30, 1962)
AMS 4143, (Feb. 15, 1965)
9 Mayer, L. W., "Aluminum Alloy2219", Alcoa GreenLeuer,
(Nov. 1963)
10 "Standards for Aluminum Mlll Products", Aluminum Associ
allon, (Sept. 1965)
11 "Alcoa Aluminum Handbook", Aluminum Co. of America,
(1962)
12 Nock, J. A. et at, "A NewHigbStrenglh Aiuminum Alloy .. ,
Metal Progress, Vol, 80, No.2, (Sept. 1961)
13 "The Blevated Temperature Properlles ol Aluminum and
Magnesium Alloys", ASTM STP 291, (1960)
14 Schwartzberg, F. R. et al, "Cryogenic Materials Data
Handbook", ML-TDR-64-280, August 1964 and Progress
Rep. No, 1, (Feb. 1965)
15 "The Aluminum Dcta Book", Reynolds Metals Co., (1965)
16 "Summary Information Regarding Aluminum Alloy 2219",
Marlin-Denver Bvaluallon Report No. 1, Ml-64-44, (Nov.
1961)
17 "Materials Properties Data Book", Report No.2275 to ABC-
NASA, Nerva Program, Aerojet-General Corp. (Revised
July 1964)
18 Cbrlstlan, J, L. e1 at, "Structural Alloys for Cryogenic
Service", Metal Progress, Vol. 83, No.3, (March 1963)
19 Maborter, R.G., Jr. and Bmmons, W.F., "A Study of
Creep ReslstaDCe, Formability &nd Heat Treatment ol Clad
X2219T6 Aluminum Alloy", Report No, NAMCAML-AB
1100, Naval Air Materials Center, (August 1959)
20 Dlx, B. H., Jr., "Aluminum Alloys for Blevated Tempera-
tllrl! AP!J}lcatlons", ASMB Paper No. 56-AV-8, (1956)
21 Kaiser Alumln6m and Chemical Se.lea, Inc., "Alloy Technl
cal Data", (March 15, 1964)
22 Alloy Digest, "Aluminum 2219", Flllng Code Al-96, (Oct.
1960)
23 Military Specification, "Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloys",
MJ.H-6088C, (October 15, 1962)

CODE 3205
PAGE 22
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GENERAL 1.04 Composition

1bls alloy Is available In every wrought commercial form Table 1.04. AI
except foil. It Is not as strong as many other heat treatable I Mg
alloys but possesses excellent corrosion resistance and TABLE 1 04
good formability In all available tempers. The 6061 Source llll8 0.6 Si
alloy exhibits good welding characteristi cs when proper ~ 6061
procedures are used, in most tempers and products, Per ent 0.25 Cu
when welded by any of the presently used fusion and Min Max
resistance welding techniques. The excellent corrosion 0.04 0.3S 0.20Cr
Chromium
resistance of the alloy Is not lowered significantly by 0,1S 0.40
Copper
welding processes. Corrosion resistance of 6061 alloy
sheet and plate can further be Improved by cladding with
lron - o. 7
1.2
Magnesium 0.8 6061
7072 alloy.
Typical applications of 6061 are heavy-duty structures
Manganese - O.!S
0.8
Silicon 0.40
is needed, truck and ma.rine
where corrosion resistance
structures, railroad cars, furniture and pipelines, (1)(2).
Titanium - O.!S

The 1966 (8th) edition of "Standards for Aluminum Mill Zinc - 0.2S
Others
Products" of The Aluminum Association and the October - o.os
each
1965 edition of ASTM "Standards" bave modified the chromi- - O.!S
um content requirements of 6061 to incorporate the re-
total
Aluminum Balance
quirements of 6062 making 6062 an obsolete alloy designll-
tlon. Since this change has been \'Cry recent, reference
will be made to 6062 when the chromium content Is In the
range of 0. 04 to 0.14 and the source Information so desig- !.OS Heat Treatment
nates the alloy. !.OS! Anneni(O Condition). 77SP, 2 to 3 hours, cool SOP per
hour maximum to SOOP; rate of subaequent coollng Is
1.01 Commercial Designations unimportant.
6061. !.OS2 Solution heat treat (T4 Condition). 970P, water quench.
Natural age at room temperature to subatantlally stable
1.02 Alternate Dcsisnations condition.
6061, SAE 281 (obsolete); 6062, SAE 211, (obsolete). 1.0S3 T4Sl Condition, same as T4 Condition except stress
relieved by stretching following solution heat treatment
1.03 Specification s ns follows: Condition T4Sl, plate I 1/2 to 3 percent
Table 1.03 permanent set and no further straightening after stretch-
Ing. Condition T4Sl, rolled rod, bar and sbapes, 1 to
3 percent permanent set and no further straightening
after stretching.
Condition T4Sl0, extruded rod, bar and shapes, I to 3
percent permanent set and no funhcr straightening
TABLE 1 03 after stretching.
AMS IAllov Form Condition edera~Milital'1 Condition T4Sil, extruded rod, bar and sbapes, 1 to 3
J4025D 6061 Sheet and plate 0 QQ-A-250/11 0 percent permanent set with minor straightening after
40260 Sheet and plate T4 ~Q-A250/11B stretching to comply with standard tolerances, (1)(17).
~027E Sheet and plate T6 QQ-A-250/11 0 !.OS4 T6 Condition, solution heat trent 970F, water quench.
4043 Plate T4Sl ~Q-A-2S0/11B Artlficn1 age by precipitation heat treatment 320P, 16 to
405:1 Plate T6Sl ~Q-A-2S0/118 20 hours or 3SOP, 6 to 10 hours, air cool.
f40i.9 1\Jblng, seamless, drawn l.OSS T6Sl, T6S!O, T6S11 Condition, same as T6 Condition
close tolerance 0 WW-T-700/6A followed by stretch stress relief ns described In 1. 063,
~OBOE 1\Jblng, seamless, drawn 0 WW-T-700/6A (!).
4081A Tubing, hydraulic, seam-
less, drawn T4 ~IL-T-7081C 1.06 Hardness
082E TUbing, seamless, drawn T6 WW-T-700/6A 1.061 End quench bardcnnbillty of 606! in solution treated and
0830 Tubing, hydraulic, scam- aged conditions, Pig. 1.061.
less drawn T6 MIL-T-708!C 1.062 Typical hardness propenles for vo1rlous conditions of
llS &rs, rolled or drawn 0 QQ-A-22S/8B alloy, Table 1. 062.
116A &rs, rolled T4 ~Q-A-22S/88
117A Bars, rolled T6 RQ-A-22S/80
127B Forgings T6 RQ-A-367P- i
TABLE 1 062
146 Forgings T4
I Snurr~ 1
pQ-A-200/88
!SOC
160
Extrusions
Extrusions {: ~Q-A-200/80 Ai1n~
rnndhlnn
IAt-lM-0.6: -0. 2SC u-0. 20Cr
0 T4, T4Sl T6, T651
161 Extrusions T4 bo-A-200/8&
~1L-T7081C
Hardness,
091 6062 Tubing, hydraulic lr4
BHN 30 6S 9S

~fry,
lwW-T-700/6 A
092
093
jTubing
j"rubing, hydraulic ~~-T-7081C
-A-200/88
r.oo Kg ioj
Omm ball
!SSA Extrufions
6061 Rivet wire p, Hl3 ~Q-A-430-1
~tructural shapes ~ T6, T62 ~IL-A-2S994
fptpc, extruded or drawn MIL- P- 2S99S
1.063 Effect or cryogenic temperatures on hardness or bar,
Flg. 1.063,

1.07 Forms and Conditions Avallable

1.071 Alloy 6061 Is available In the full commercial range of
sizes for sheet, strip, plate, rod, bar, forgings, tubing,
wire, extrUsions and structural shapes. Alloy 6062
was normally available only as tubing and extruded
shapes, (4).

CODE 32061
PAGE l
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

1.072 Tempers of mlll products, Table 1. 072. 2.02 Other Physical Propenl_!;!.
AI 2.021 Density. 0. ()98 lb per cu In, 2. 70 gr per cu em, (3).
2.022 Electrical resistivity at room temperature.
TABLE I 072
I Mg Source (20) 0 Condition 1.46 microhm-In,
Al-IMg-0.6Si-0.25Cu-0.20Cr T4 Condition I. 69 microhm -ln.
Allov
0.6 Si Product Available tempers 2.023 Magnetic propenles. Nonmagnetic.
2.024 Emissivity. 0.035 to 0.07 In air at 77F, (12).
Flat sheet F, 0, T4, T6, Hl2
025 Cu Coli sheet F, 0, T6, Hi2
2.025 Damping capacity
Plate F, 0, T4, T6,.T451, T651
0.20Cr Drawn wire 0, T4, T6, 1'93, 1'913
2.03 Chemical l'ropenles
2.031 Corrosion resistance
Rivet wire and rod 0, Hl3
2.0311 The corrosion resistance 01 uus alloy Is among the best
Rolled or cold
6061 finished rod and bar F, 0, T4, T6, T451, T65I
or the heat treatable alloys and this Is further Improved
by cladding sheet and plate with 7072 alloy. In general,
Extruded rod and bar F, 0, T4, 1'6, T62
resistance to corrosion Is not significantly affected by
Forging stock F
variations In heat treatment.
Standard structural shapes T6
2.0312 Galvanic corrosion. Direct contact with cer.aln other
Extruded solid s~apes F, 0, T4, T6, T62
F, 0, T4, T6, T62 metals should be avoided In the presence of an electrolyte
Extruded hollow shapes
U!l!ess bituminous paint or Insulating tape Is used at the
Extruded tubes F, 0, T4, 1'6, T62
point of contact.
Drawn tubes 0, T4, T6
2.032 Oxidation resistance. A thin Invisible oxide film forms
Ploe T6
Immediately, which protects the metal from iurtiu:r
oxidation and provides exceller.: corrosion resistance
!.08 Melting and Casting Practice to all but ailcalls, which are among the few substances,
which attack the oxide film.
Special Considerations
2.033 Other propenles. Aluminum Is nontoxic and nonsparklng.

2.04 Nuclear Propcnles

2. PHYSICAl. AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 2.041 Bf!ect or radiation on tensile propenles or alloy, Table
2 041 TABLE 2 041
2.0! Thermal Propenlcs
ISnnYeP 21
2.011 Melting range. 6061; !080 to 1200F, (1). lnv AI-IM.,-0.6SI-0.25Cu- .20Cr
2.012 Transfonnatlon temperature. None. Oats Pfr~"' nf ~Ainolnn oM oil~ nrn,..,rtiCR
2.0!3 TI1ennal conductivity at room temperawrc. Condition 0 T6
0 Condition, 104.2 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F), Exposure 10 IHn cm2 100 70
T4 Condition, 89.2 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F),
149 120
T6 Condition, 96.7 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F), (I). Temp- F
2.014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2.014. r.nntrnl Ilrrdloted I r.ontrol I Irradiated
2.0!5 Specific heat. From room temperature to 212F, 0 and Ftu k&l 18.1 37.3 47.2 51.9
T6 Conditions 0. 23 Btu per (lb F). k&i 9.5 25.6 40.0 42.8
Fty'
2.016 Thermal dlffuslvlty e;pcrcent !total) 28.8 21.0 22.4 22.0

3. MllCHANICAI. PROPERTIES

3. 01 Speclfle<J. Mechanical Propenles

3. 011 Alumln.om Association mechanical property limits of
sheet, plate, bar and tubing In 0 Condition, Table
3.0Jl.
TABI.E 3.011
I""''"~ Aluminum A&&OCiatlon I
Allov AI-IMor-0, 6510. 25Cu-O. 20Cr
Form Sheet. mate Wire rod bar Rod bar shaoes tubln" Tubln
I c;;.diri;;;; 0 Rolled or CF - 0 Ext'rndPd- awn-
Thlcknessln 0,006 0.008 0.010 0.021 0.129 0.500 1.001 0.018 to
to to to to to to to s
8.000 All 0.500
0,007 0.009 0.020 0.128 0.499 1.000 3.000 !wall)
Ftu maxksi 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22
F~, max-ksl 12 12 12 12 12 - - 16 14
e( In), mlnpercent 10 12 14 16 18 18 16 18 16 15
L-:-.
3. 012 Association mechanical property limits or
.<..:~~nlnum
varlou" products In different Conlltlono, Table 3, 012.
TABLE 3 012
I!V-ttrce Aluminum Association I)
Allov Al-l Ml!-0, 6Si-O. 25Cu-o. 20Cr
Extrusions, rod, -
.or
Form Sheet, plate Drawn tubing Rolled or CF, rod, bar and wire
bar, shapes, tubes ~hogu
'--=-
I Condition
T4
T4
T451 T42 T6
T6
T651 nl m1 T6
T41~~
T4510 .11T6510
T6 T4
T4511 T42 T651 T451
I I ~: I
T42
! T6
1'651 T931T913 T6
0.006 0.250 0.006 0.006 0.25(
I Tnlckness - ln to to to to to
0.249 3.000 .000 0.249 .500
0. 025 to 0, 500 All s 8.000 ' o. 374 4

F , mln-lc.sl
10
F , mln-ksl
30
16
30
16
42
42
42
35
42
35 30
16 I.
14 ,l42
30
c('2inlminncrcent 10-16 18-16 10-16 4-10 10-6 4-18 14-18 8-12
35
26 126
16
16
12
16 I
38
35
10
30
16
18
130
14
18
142 , 54
35
10
47
- I~
.! 8
J'
-
38
J5
10

CODE 3206
PAGE 2
 REVISED,MARCHI966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWT

3.013 Aluminum Associa tion mechani cal property limits

for 3.03111 Stress-s rralo curves for alloy 1o T6 Condition,
forgings 1o differen t conditio ns, Table 3.013, Fig,
3.03111 .
AI
TABLI! 3 013 I
Source Mg
Aluminum Associat ion I
Allov
Fonn Die for<rfnQS
AI IMg-0, 6510, 25CUO, 20Cr 0.6 Si
ll"'ondltlon Hand forl!lnJZS Rolled rJng
T6 T6 0.25 Cu
IThickne ss ~ 4.0 s T6 T652
4.00 4,01 to8.0 :s; 2,50
Ftu, 2.501 to 3,5
L, mlnksl 38
0.20C r
38 37 38
LT, mlnksl 38 38 38
ST, mlnksl 37 38 38
38 37 35
FlY, 37 37 6061
L, mlnksl 35 35 34 35
LT, min-ksJ 35 35 35
34 35 35
ST, mlnksl 35 33
e(2Jn), 32 33 33
L, mlnksl 10 10 8 10
LT, mlnksl 5 8 8
ST, mlnksl 6 8 6
5 5 4
BHN (500 Kg load) 5 4
10 mm ball, min 80
For die forgings and hand forgings L, LT, ST
- - - -
have usual meanings for rolled ring.
L Tangcnt lnl
LT Axial
ST Radial
3,03112 Stress-s train curves tor sheet at low temperature
3.014 Aluminum Associa tion m~chanJcal property UmJts In T6
for Condition, Fig, 3,03II2 .
extrude d or rolled structur al sizes, Table 3,014, 3.0312 Effect of exposur e and test temperature on tcnsUc
proper
TABLE 3 014 tics of alloy In 0 Condition, Fig. 3.0312.
3.0313 Effect of exposur e and test temperature on
'"""""p
I'"'
Alum1nur.1 Associa tion (I)
AI IM~-0. 6510. 25Cu-O. 20Cr ties of alloy In T4 Condition, Fig, 3,0313.
tensile proper ...
IFnnn 3.0314 EUect of exposur e and test tempera ture on tensile
I Rnllerl or ext rude structur al shapes proper-
ICondition T4 ties of alloy In T6 Condition, Fig, 3, 0314,
T6 3.032 Compre ssion
F tu' rntn-ksJ 26 38 3.0321
F , mfnksl Stress -strain diagram s
16 35 3. 03211 Stress-s train curves In compre ss! on for clad alloy
elitn) min-per cent 16 10 In T6
Condition, Fig. 3,032II .
3,03212 Stress-s train curves 1n compre ssion !or clad alloy
1n T6
3,02 Mechanical PropcrtJes at Room Tempcrarur~ Condition, Fig, 3, 03212.
3.021 Tension 3,033 bnpact
3, 02Jl Strcss-s ttaln curves 3.0331 Effect of tem)>erature on Impact properti es of alloy
In T6
3,021Jl Room tempera ture t'!nston and compres sion stress- Condition, Fig. 3. 0331.
strain curves for alloy In T6 Condition, Fig, 3, 3.034 Den ding
021J I, 3,035 Torsion and shear
3.0212 El'fect of exposur e to elevated temperature on room
tempera ture tensile properti es of alloy fnT4 Conditio 3.0351 Effect or low tempera ture on shear strength of sheet
n, In T6
Fig. 3.0212. Conditio n, Fig. 3.0351.
3.0213 Effect of exposur e to elevated temperature on room 3,036 Dearing.
tempera ture tensile properti es of alloy In T6 Conditio 3,CJ7 Stress concentration
n, 3.0371 Notch propenl es
Fig. 3, 0213.
3,022 Compre ssion 3,03711 Effect or test tempera ture on smooth and notch tensile
3.0221 Strt:!ss-straln curves, (sec 3. 02J J J). properti ed of sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3.037II ,
3.023 bnpact 3,03712 Etrect of low tempera ture and notched factor on
notch
3.024 llcndfng strength or sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3,03712
3.0372 .
3.025 Torsion and shear Fracture toughness
3.0251 Typical shear propert ies at room temperature, 3.038 Combined properti es
Table
3.0251.
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properti es
TABLE' 3 0251 3,041 Creep and creep rupture properti es of alloy In T6
lo;,,,."'' ' (20) Condition
at 212 to SOOF, Fig, 3.041.
IAIIo AI! MR0,6SIO. 25CuO. 20Cr
Forn1 A"l!rage or various forms sizes and manu- 3,05 Fatigue Properti es
3.051 SN curves Cor alloy at room tempera ture, Fig.
facture rnctl10ds 3. 051
3.052 S-N curves at elevat~d tempera tures for alloy fn T6
Condition 0 T4, T451 TO, T651 rT!II I'~ I
I'suo typ-~sl 12 I 24 30 32 33 ~~
35 3.053
Condition, Fig, 3. 052.
SN curves at low tempera tures ror alloy in T6
Condition,
Fig, 3.053.
3,026 Bearing MJnlmum tress versus max.Jmum atreaa In direct
3,027 Stress concentration compre ssion tension fatigue lor dUfereo t cycles
to
3.0271 Notch propert ies failure of alloy, Fig, 3,054,
.J.0272 Fracture toughness 3.055 SN curveo for aXIally loaded alloy In T6 Conditio
3.028 n. Fig.
Combin ed properti es 3.055.

3.03 MechanJcal Properties at Various Tempcrarurcs 3.06 Elastic Properti es

3.031 3.061 Effect of tempera ture on Poisson 's ratio or alloy
Tension In T6
3.0311 Stress-s train diagrams Condition, Fig. 3.061,
3.062 Modulus of elasticit y at vartous tempera tures of
alloy In
T6 Condition, FJg, 3, 062.

CODE 3206
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED' MARCH 1966

3.063 Modulus of rigidity at elevated temperatures for alloy In 4.033 Resistance welding. Spot and seam welding i a most
AI T6 Condtlon, Pig. 3. 063. .... '
useful and economic method or joining alloy. !be alloy
3.064 Tangent modulus curves for sheet and plate In T6 Condi in all heat treated tempers can be successfull~' spot
I Mg Uon, Pig. 3. 064. welded but special practices are required and the range
3.065 Tangent modulus curve for extrusion In T6 Condition, Pig. of machine settings is rather small. Precleaning is
0.6 Si 3.065. necessary for sound consismnt wela~ 1n th. auuealed
condition the alloy Is difficult to weld and sr>t welding
0.25 Cu 4. FABRICATION in this condition is not recommended ..

0.20Cr 4.01 Forming 4.04 Heat Treatment

4.011 General. This alloy has excellent cold formability Ia 4.041 The soft as-quenched 0 Condition of 6061 .an be preserved
the 0 Condition. It' also can be formed Ia the T4 Coodi by refrigeration In order to minimize "spr.ng back"and
6061 tlon and then artlflclally aged to the T6 Condition. increase the general case of fanning opeJ atJons.
4.012 Minimum bend factor for 6061 sheet and plate In different 4.042 Maximum holding times at various tempe:atures which wUI
thicknesses and conditions, Table 4.012. preserve the formablllty ol the 0 Condltlcn, (15), Table
4.042.
TABLE 4 012
TABLE I 042..
-~
Source Ub: 5
Allov Source 15
AI-IM0.6SI0.25Cu -0.20Cr
Form Shee~
Allov Al!Mg0.6SiO. 25CuO. ~OCr
late
Condition 0 T4 T6 Condition T4
0 T4 T6
llcnd factor for [Thickness TemoP RT 32. 20
Thlcknessln JSO"bend In llcnd factor for 900 bend Jme F 2 hr 2 daj'S _[7 W!y_s_!>Ius
.::. 0.020 0 2 2 1/64 0 OI 01
> 0.020toJ/32 I 3 3 I/32 0 01 t It
> 1/32 to 1/16 I 3 4 1/16 0 j. If. 12
> l/I6 to I/8
> 1/8 to I/4
I
2
3
3 .6
5 1/8
3/J(>
I 0 t 1' 3
4.05 Surface Treatment

H-3 24
> 1/4 to I/2 3 4 7 1/4
3/8
112
I:=:
2 24
24

121- 35
J+
34
St
46
IOO
tzl AIIMgO. 6510. 25CuO. 20Cr
.J
<
4.013 Effect of wall thickness and tube diameter on centerline &I
tL 80
bend radius for 6061, 6062 drawn tubing In T6 Condition,
Table 4.0!3. AGED
350F,2T04HR
TABLE 4 013
:~~~rcc 114 D. 231'
',loy AI1MllO. 6Si0.25Cu-(0.09 0. 25)Cr
Form Drawn tublnv
Condition T6
Wall size Wall thickness In
In o.o35lo. 0421 o. 049IO. o5sjo. 065 1o. onjo. oaJ Lo. 095] 0.120 1

In"- In Center line bend radii - in 90" bend .,...,.,- ST (970 F, 2 HR)
3/4 2 1/2 . 2 1/4 2 2 . . . 20
7/8 3 1/4 3 2 3/4 2 1/2 2 l/4 . . 0 3
1
I 1/8
1
3 1/2 .1 1/4
.
3
. 2 3/4 2 1/2 - - -.
DISTANCE FROM QUENCHED END IN
3 1/4 3 2 3/4 2 1/2
I 3/4 . . . 3 3/4 3 l/2 3 l/4 3 2 3/4
FIG. I. 061 END QUENCH HARDENABILITY OF
6061 IN SOL!ITION TREATED AND
6062, 6061 AGED CONDITION (6 , p. 5 )
4. 02 Machining
4. 021 These alloys are somewhat less machJnable than heat
treatable aluminum alloys 2024 and 2014.

4.03 160
Welding
r-----.------rA~,~.I~M~g~-o~.~~~s.~.o~.72S~C~u--o~.~27
oc~r,
4.031 General. The alloy exhibits excellent welding characteris-
tics In all tempers and products when welded by any of the CONDT6
commonly ustJt1 fusion aod resistance welding procedures 3/4 INDIA BAR
The excellent coF.oston resistance of the alloy does not
appear to be }('W~rcd signillcantly by welding processes.
4.032 Fusion welding. The alloy may be readily fusion welded
be either MIG or T!G methods. The filler metal most
commonly used lor general purpose welding is 4043 -- ,...
aluminum alloy which results In weld zones having medJum
ductility and exccllent.resistancc to cracking, (24). 5336
aluminum all~y Is sometimes employed In the fusion weld
lng of alloy.
40 ~----~----~-----L------~--~
4.0321 Effect of temperature on tensile propenlcs of TIG butt- -400 -300 -200 100 0 100
welded sheet In T4 Condition, Pig. 4.0321.
4.0322 Effect of temperature on tensile properties of no bun- TEMP F
welded sheet In T4 Condition, aged to T6 Condition, Fig. PIG. 1.063 EFFECT OF CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES ON
4.0322. HARDNESS OF BAR (19, p. A.l3.k)

CODE 3206
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

15r---r-~......,r----.--...,.---.
AI-1Mg-O. 6Sl-O. 25Cu -o. 20Cr Al-lMgl-0.6Sl-O. 25Cu-0.20Cr AI
~-I-.. T4COND
""cz:
~14~~~~---r-----+--~~----~ J. """'~
TESTED AT RT ' \
F
TU
Mg

f',, '..._J'- 0.6 Si

25
cz:
~
2513~----1---~~~---+-----~----~
>0
20
1
EXPOSUR E
---1/2HR
---100HR
- - -lOOOHR
-- ~ 0.25 Cu
0.20 Cr
~ u; 0 - --'lll 000 HI
::.: 40
1 :~2o~o~--~o~----2~oo-----400~----~6oo----~8oo

TEMP- F 20
./-, ~ FTY
6061

FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION ,'', r---

'~~
(5, p.35)

ef4 D)
. .,..
1.-,.-:..::~ ~-
:...-
200400 600 800
TEMP F
FIG, 3.0212 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATURE
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF 6061, 6062 IN
T4 CONDITION
(7)

Al-1Mg0.6S!-O. 25Cu -0. 20Cr

T6 COND
50

40
TENSION-,
-- -
L, T
Ffc:MPR ESSION
L, T
30

20
1/ 60
AI -1~0. 65\0. rscu-0, 20Cr

I SHE'ET, PLATE ~6COND

1 < 21N
~

v
40
'\
~~~ 1'-
10
FTU
\
u; 0 20
"-'~-
..... .. :-=

~OMPRESSION
:.0:40
TE~SION7
TESTEC AT RT
L 40 .
_[ -\~
~
30

20
I
I EXTRUSION 2
O EXPOSURE
--1/2HR
-~
,.,,
FTY

-- p--
---100HR -...:,:............
I - -1000 H~
0 ----10, 000 HR

v !z 40
10
Ill
e (4 D) ,;;;::;)
"":'.,. .,.,
u
RT a:
~ 0
0 0 200400 600 800
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008
TEMP F
STRAIN IN PER IN
FIG. 3,0213 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
FIG. 3,02111 ROOM T~MPERATURE TENSION AND TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPERATURE
COMPRESSION STRESS-5TRAIN CURVES TENSILE PROPERTIES OF 6061, 6062 IN
FOR 6061 IN T6 CONDmON T6 CONDITION
(<l, jl.3.1J(),3.131) (8)

CODE 3206
PAGE 5
AIWT NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

so
AI Al-1Mg-0.6 510.25Cu0 .20Cr 40
COND AlJMg-0. 651-0. 25Cu-o. 20Cr

"
I Mg OCOND
40 RT
Q6 Si 20
I'-..
212 F

~
300 F u;
0.25 Cu
0.20Cr lil
30
400 F
:.:

0
20
FTU
r---. ~
:.:
500 F
.... FTY
6061 20 r---..
0

~
80

.._ e(4 D) v
---
til
~40 J
./
TENSiON ~
EXPOS~!! '
UPTO 10,000 HR
0.002
0.004 0.006 0.008 0
0.010
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800
STRAIN - IN PER IN
TEMP- .F
FIG. 3.03111 SftliiSS-ST RAlN CURVES FOR ALLOY IN T6
FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE ON
CONDmON (11) TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN 0 CONDITION
(10)

60

40
'-..... Al-lMg-0. 6510. 2SC~~;.~~~
40 - ....._
1---
FT~ -~
20
L EXPOSURE TIME
20
1/2 HR
0
- - ---100H R '\:,'\.
~~
~
iii ----100 0HR
80
:.: -----'-10 ,000 R
l2- 400
60

40
20

0
-- r-. ~~
Fn -,
:--.\"
\''-..:;:.'~~-
:-...._
80
/. V/
//~
I
20
0 '

0
0 o. 080
STRAIN- IN PER IN
o. 160 o. 240
T

0.320 0
-400 -200 0 200
e (4 D)

400
-
i- / " 7
600 800
TEMP F
FIG. 3.03112 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET
AT LOW TEMPERATURES IN T6 FIG. 3.0313 BFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE ON
CONDITION (19, p. A. 13. h, A. I3.h-I) TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN i4 CONDmON
(7)

CODE 3206
PAGE 6
 AIWT
REVISEOMARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

60 ~ ~~~~~~~~.---r---;
....___
---
"'-.._ Al1Mg-o. 6SIO. 25CuO. 20Cr
IT6COND
1Mg0.6SiO. 2SCUO. 20Cr
ONDT6
AI

... 40
Mg
FTU
'~ 0.6 Si
\~
300F
0.25 Cu
20 30
-~,, 0.20Cr
~"':..~
0
0
-..;;.::_
~ 20
6061
EXPOSURE
......_ 1--. --30MIN
---2 HR
10 --10 HR

~~
--100 HR
BXPOSURE TlMB
1/2HR
0
- - - - - - 100HR
----1000HR
O -----10,000HR
~~,
FTY [\\
~~
-"" ~ 0

STRAIN IN PER IN
0.008 0.010

FIG. 3.03212 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES IN COMPRESSION

0
/, V/
/
I
FOR CLAD ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION
(22, p. 3.2.6.2.6(f)(g))
// I
0
I. ~/..
v:..-"-vI

e(4 D)
0
400 200 0 200 600 BOO 16 r----~A~I-~1Mg~-~0~.6~S~I-~0~.2S=c~u--~0.~20C~r~
TEMP F 1'6 COND
FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TesT TEMPERATURE ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION
(8)
5
~ 12
1----4--i- _J
IE CHARPY V
-400-200
TEMP F
FIG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON
IMPACT PROPERTIES OF 6061 IN
T6CONDmON
(12, p.li-5.2)

60
AI I MgO. 6SiO. 25
COND T6

60
AI IMgli 6SIO. zseu-O. 20Cr
0.100 IN SHEET
CONDT6
40 so
'
~
L,T

"'~ I'--
30
-~-4

Fsu
30 --- f--

0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 20

400 -300 200 100 0 100
STRAIN IN PER IN
TEMP F
FIG. J. 0321 I STRESS-STRAIN CURVES If\. COMPRESSION FOR
FIG. 3,0351 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON SHEAR
CLAD ALLOY IN T6 COND!TION
STRENGTH OF SllEET IN CONDITION T6
(22, p. 3.2.6.2.b.(f)(g))
(PI,p. A. 13.p)

CODE 3206
PAGE 1
 60 AlIMgO. 65!0. 25CuO. 20Cr
80
AI T6COND
I Mg 40 :no-..-.:...;;:. ~.~
212 F
70
0.6 Si ~

0.25 Cu
60 20
F.:.. . .:.__
:-~
-.... ~
-....... . .....
~
....... ,
0.20 Cr

6061
12
so
-- - ~
~
.............
-:::::: ..... t'.....
......
......
',
-,,
...;
400 F
10
........... :---....... .....
.......
".... SOO F

40
==- --=- ------
20
0 :._

--- ::::.. ..

~
........ -....'""':'-.::::
...........
.....
300 I'

TEMP- F
----RUPTURE
PIG. 3,03711 EFFECT OF. TEST TEMPERATURE ON SMOOTH AND ---1% }
NOTCHED TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN T6 - --O.S\t CREEP
CONDITION (13,p.6) ----0.2%
10
0.1 10 100 1000
TIME- HR
FIG. 3.041 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE PROPERTIES OF
ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION AT 212 TO "OOP (8)

80~~-----,-----,-----,------r----.
AI!MgO. 6510. 2SCuO. 20Cr
0. 0200. 12S IN SHEET
CONDT6

so I:O!g0.6SI0.25Cu0.20CJ.
!::'.!NLI FORM
flO~
I
40 AT4 ROUND
T6
OT6 SHARPLY NOTCHED
"T6 SHEET
30

12
20

so
T
40~~----~----~----~------~--~ RT REVERSED PLF.XURE
-400 -300 -200 100 0 100
TEMP F
'FIG. 3.03712 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE AND NOTCH NUMBER OF CYCLES
FACTOR ON NOTCH STRENGTH OF SHEET IN FIG. 3.051 SN CURVES AT ROOM TEMPERATURE FOR
CONDITION T6 (19,p.A.13e,A13c-2) ALLOY (20, p. 4!,43)

CODE 3206
PAGE 8
 I"\ I 'f'f I
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

50 r-----~----~----~----~----~ 50
Al-IMg-0. 651-0. 25CuO. 20Cr Al- !Mg-0.65!-0. 25Cu-o. 20Cr
COND T6 ONDT6
AI
CANTILEVER BEAM
Mg
Vl 40
:.(
0.6 Si
ffl
Ill 025 Cu
~
30 30
0.20Cr
pj ~
20 ~ 20
___
R_
6061
400F ~
4

10
500F

NUMBER OF CYCLES
0 FIG. 3.055 S-N CURVES FOR AXIALLY LOADilD ALLOY
104 105 106 107 Io8 109 IN T6 CONDITION (22, p. 3. 3. I (d))
NUMBER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3.052 5-N CURVES AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
FOR ALL.OY IN CONDITION T6 (20,p.43)

BOr-~--r-----~-~~M~g--~O.cb~SI~-0~.~25~C~u-~0~.2~0C~r~
COND T6 0 5
FLEXURE ' rAJ~-I~M7g~-o".~bS~I-~0~.2~5rCu--~0.~20~C~rr-----r-----r---~
COND Tb
60
R =-I
0
f::
40 -320F ;:1
pj !!'
z
-\!OF 0
!a
20 2
RT

0 TEMP- F
103 104 10> 108
FIG. 3.061 EFFECT OF TEMPERA11JRE ON POISSON'S RATIO OF ALLOY
NUMBER OF CYCLES
IN Tb CONDITION (23)
FIG. 3.053 5-N CURVES AT LOW TEMPERATURE FOR ALLOY
IN CONDITION T6 (19, p. A.l3.o)

5or-----------~-----r----~----~r-----,
Al-l Mg-0. 651-0. 25Cu -0. 20Cr
COND Tb

12 r-----,-----~----r-----------,

pj
I
,_____ ~, ,
! I
Al-IMg-0.651-0. 25C"O, 2UCr
COND Tb
I
10
u: 30
"'"'<>: I
'\.'
~
!
;
1-
i ' .
r-----+\~ :"'
!
"'
;:;
:;,
;:;
x
20
'l ---I
=~J 0.1 INSHEET(19) ~
o( i \
;:;
10 6 --T,L DYNAMIC (23)
- -- (0, 09 Cr)
+--------!---"-
'
DIRECT COMPRESSION - DAR, SIJEET, PLATE, '
TENSION FATIGUE STRIP, TUDE (B)

-400 0 400 BOO 1200 1100

MINIMUM STRESS - !<51 TEMP- F
FIG. 3.054 MINIMUM STRESS VERSUS MA~IMUM STRESS IN C>IRECT FIG. 3.062 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT VARIOUS TllMI'ERA-
COMPRESSION-TilNSION FATIGUE FOR DIFFEREI'\T CYCLES TIJRES FOR ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION
TO FAILUR!l OF ALLOY (20,p.42) (19, p. A. I 3 1))(23)(K)

CODE 3206
PAGE 9
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1966

5
AI Al1Mg-0.6St-O . 25Cu-o. 20Cr 60 r---~r---~----~----~----~--~,
C0NDT6 Al1Mg-O, 6SiO. 25CuO, 20Cr
SHEET
Mg CONDT4
4

---
0.6 Si ............ 50 r-----~~~~~--~----~----~---T~
~
0.25 Cu
0.20Cr
3 r---- 40
DYNAMIC ~
MODULUS OF RIGIDITY
6061 2
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMP- F
FIG, 3,063 MODULUS OF RIGIDITY AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
FOR ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION (23)

Al-1Mg-o. 6510. 25Cu-o. 20Cr

~
40 SHEET, PLATE

~ [<::::::: ~~t<21N
T6 COND

TENSION 0 L---~----~----~----~--~----J
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200
30
COMPRESSION
L, T "\ FIG. 4.0321
TEMP- F
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF TIG BUTT-wELDED SHEET IN T4 CONDITION
(25, p. 17,19)

10

RT
0
0 2 4 6 8 10
1000 KSI
PIG. 3,064 TANGENT MOL'ULUS CURVES FOR SHEET
AND PLATE IN T6 CONDITION
(9, p. 3.130)

70
Al-1Mg-o. 651-0. 25Cu-o. 20Cr
SHEET
COND T6
60 T

40
- ......
1--- r--
AlIMg-0, 6SIO. 25Cu-O, 20Cr
PY"l"R ""' f\1\1

~ 50

30
r--- -.......
'
- 0.0641N
COMPRESSION 40
- - 0.1251N
0 A BASE METAL
20 40
e A TIG BUTT WELDED IN T4 COND AT 20 lpm
J-o +AGED TO T6 COND (4043 FILLER)
z
10 "'a:tJ 20

RT
..."'
0 0
0 2 6 -400 -300 200 -100 0 100 200
10
1000 KSI TEMP F
PIG. 3,065 TANGENT MODULUS CURVE FOR EXTRUSION FIG. 4,0322 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
INT6CONDITIO N (9, p.3.131) OF TIG BUTT- WELDED SHEET IN T4 CONDITION AGED
TO T6 CONDITION (25, p. 25, 26, 29)

CODE 3206
PAGE 10
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

AI
I Mg
REFERENCES 0.6 Si
Aluminum Association, '"Stlllldards for Alumlaum Mill 0.25 Cu
Products, "8th Edition, (September 1965)
2 Nock, J.A., Jr., "Heat Treatment and Aglag 61 S Sheet," 0.20 Cr
Iron Age, Vol. 159, No. 17, (April 24, 1947)
3 Metals Handbook, "Properties and Selection of Metals",
ASM, Vol. I, 8th Edition, (1961) 6061
4 Morales, H.J,, Alcoa, Personal Communication, (April
1961)
5 "Alcoa Aluminum Handbook", Alcoa, (1959)
6 Lorlag, B.M., Baer, W. H. and Carlton, G.M., ''The Use
of the Jominy Test In Studylag Commercial Age-Hardenlag
Alumlaum Alloys", AJME Metals Technology TP 2337,
(Feb. 1948)
7 Alcoa Research Laboratories, "Mechanical Properties at
Various Temperatures 6061-T4 and 6062-T4", Data Table,
(Feb. 23, 1956)
8 Alcoa Research Laboratories, "Mechanical Properties at
Various Temperatures of6061-T6 Prnducts", Data Table,
(Dec. 6, 1960)
9 "Strength of Metal Aircraft Elements", Danelle Memorial
Institute, MIL-HDIIK-5, (1958)
10 Alcoa Research Laboratories, "Mechanical Properties at
Various Temperatures of 6061-0", Data Sheet, (Feb. I,
1956)
11 Alcoa Research Laboratories, "Typical Tensile Stress-
Strala Curves for 606i snd 6062T6 at Room Temperature,
2i2, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700F", Alyslcsl Test No.
010758-G Data Sheets, (Murch 6 and 31, 1958)
12 North American Aviation, Inc., "Materials Property Man-
ual and Summary Report", No. A. t.. 2604, (Oct.30,I957)
13 Hanson, M.P., Stlcldey, G. W. and Richards, H. T.,
"Sharp Notch Behavior of Some High Strength Sheet
Aluminum Alloys and Welded Joints at 75, -320 and -423F",
Reprlat from "SymJY.!~iu:n on Low Temperature Properties
of High Strength ~ orcraft and Missile Materials", STP No.
287, ASTM (1960)
Alcoa, "Aluminum Tubular Products", Section AB 2A,
(Sept. IS, 1959)
15 Kaiser Metal Products, Aircraft Division, "Refrigeration
of Solution Treated Aluminum Alloys", Process Bulletla
No. HT-4, Revision I, (March 23, 1954)
16 AMS 40250, 40260, 4155A, (!an. 31, 1964)
AMS 4027E, 4043, 4053, Uunc 30, 1964)
AMS 4079, (June IS, 1959)
AMS 4080C, 4082E, (!an. 15, 1957)
AMS 4081A, 40830, (April 15, 1958)
AMS 4091, 4092, 4093, {March 1, 1955)
AMS 4115, 4160, 4161, (Jan. 15, 1960)
AMS 4116A, (Nov. IS, 1960)
AMS 4117A, (Jan. 15, 1961)
AMS 41278, (!an. 15, 1962)
AMS 4150C, (!an. 15, 1958)
17 Kelley, W. E., Reynolds Metals Co., Personal Communi
cation, Uuly 10, 1961)
18 "!965 Book of ASTM Standards" Part 6, American SocietY
for Testing and Materials , (October 1965)
19 Schwartzberg, F. R., et al, "Cryogenic Materials Data
Handbook", ML-TDR-64-280, (Aus. 1964) Suppl. No.I,
(Feb. 1965)
?f! Reynolds Aluminum, "The Aluminum Data Book", (1965)
21 Materials In Design Engineering", Materials Selector
Issue, (Mid October 1964)
22 "Metallic Materials and Elements for Flight Vehicle
Structures", MILHDIIK-5, (Aus. 1962)
23 Internal Letter, North American Aviation, Inc., MPR 4
175432, (Dec. 7, 1964)
24 "Weldlag Alcoa Aluminum", Aluminum Co. of America,
3rd prlntlnjr, (1958)
25 "lnvestlgst;on of Aluminum Alloy 6061-T4-T6 Welded
and Unweldd", Bell Aerosystems Co., BLR 61-40 (M),
(lune 29, 1962)

CODE 3206
PAGE II
 AIWT
REVISEDMARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
S.S. MANSON

1. GENERAL
This heat treatable ahnninum alloy contains zinc, AI
magnesium and copper as hardness and bas very high
strength under. static conditions in the T6 temper. 5.6 Zn
It Is available In a large range of forms and sizes. in
the annealed and solution treated condition It has good 2.5 Mg
formability at ambitml l.emperatures, and In !he T6
condition It bas good formablllty at elevated temp<lr- 1.6 Cu
atures. It can be resistance welded, but fusion welding
Is generally not recommended. 0.3 Cr
The T6 temper has low fracture toughness at room and
cryogenic temperatures. A recently Introduced T73 7075
temper has a lower tensile and yield strength but
Improved fracture toughness combined with better
stress corrosion resistance.
The unusually high static strength at ambient temper-
ature Is not reflected, however, In corresponding high
fatigue resistance. Fatigue strengths are comparable
to those of 2024 and 2014 which have lower static
strength. The loss of fatigue strength Is thought to be
due to the progressive breakdown of the hardening
particles which lie In the slip regions, progressively
reducing their size until they become unstable and
dissolve Into the mntrlx, thus losing their hardening
function. At high tempemtures the alloy loses Its
strength advantage over 2024 even under static
conditions.

1. 01 Commercial Dcalgnatlons
7075.

1. 02 Alternate Deslgnatlnns
755, X7 55 (now both obso !etc).

1. 03 Specifications
Table 1.03
'\....... .-'

Table 1.03
Source ( 1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)( 8)(9)( !OJ( II)( 12)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67)
Alloy 7075
Product Temper Military Federal A5Tlll AMS
0 - QQ-A-200/llB B221-f.5 --
Bar, Rod,
Shapes, Tubes
F
T6
-
-
-
QQ-A-200/llB
B221-65
B221-65 4154F
(Extruded
and
T651
T6510
-
-
-
QQ-A-2Q0/11B
-
B221-65
-
4168A
CF) T6511 -- QQ-A -200/11 d
-
B221-65
-
4169B
T73 -
0 - QQ-A-~25/9B B211-65 -
Bar, Rod, Wire, T6 - QQ-A-~25/9B B211-65 4122C
Shapes T651 - QQ-A-2~5/9B B211-65 4123B
(Rolled or Drown) T73 - QQ-A-225/9B - -
0 - QQ-A-250/12C B209-65' 4044C
Sheet and T6 - QQ-A -250/12C B209-65 4045C
Plate T651 -- QQ-A-250/12C B209-65 4038
F QQ-A-250/12C - -
lmpnct O,F,TG MI L-A-12545A -- - -
Extrusions TG MIL-A-12545A - 4170
Rivet Wire 0,1113 - QQ-A-430-l 6316-65 -
TG MJ L-A -22771B QQ-A-367F-1 B247-65 4139F
Die Forgings T652 - QQ-A-367F-1 -- -
T73 IIIIL-A-22771B - -
T6 MIL-A -22771B QQ-A -367 F -1 - 4139F
lland Forgings T652 IIIIL-A-22771B QQ-A-367F-1 - -
T73 IIIIL-A-22771B -. - -
Forlrtnlt Stock TG - - 4139F
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

1.04 Composition
Table 1.04
AI
5.6 Zn
2.5 Mg TABLE 1.04
1.6 Cu Source AMS 1lt2lt3ll4lt5ll6 (7)(8)(9)
0.3 Cr Percent
Min Max
Copper 1.2
7075 M::tgneslum 2.1
2.0
2.9
Manganese - 0.30
Iron - 0.7
Silicon
Zinc
-
5.1
0.50
6,1
Chromium 0.18 0.40
Tltnnlum
Other Impurities
- 0.20

each
total
-
-
0.05
0.15
Aluminum Balance

1. 05 Heat Treatment
1.051 ;,""cal heat treated conditions to 0 Condition.
1,0511 If formed shortly after annealing. 775F, 2 to 3 hour,
air cool.
1. 0512 U the alloy Is to be stored for an extended time before
forming 775F, 2 to 3 hour+ 450F, 6 hour .
Alternatively, 670 to 700F, 2 hour, air cool to 450F
+ 450F, 4 hour.
1.052 Intermediate anneal during cold working 0 Condition.
1.0521 670 to 700F, 1.5 hour maximum.
1.0522 Alternatively, 910 to 930F, heat to uniform temper-
ature, air cool. A part should not be annealed more
than three times by this method (Kaiser Metals 1954).
1.053 Solution treat toW Condition, 20 min to 4 1/2 hour
minimum depending on thida:ess and equipment, cold
water quench. For exact timus of solution treatment
and quench delay sec 4, 04 in 2024,
1. 0531 Sheet, strip, plate, wire and drawn bar. 860 to 930F.
1.0532 Extrusions. 860 to 880F, 25 minute minimum.
1. 0533 Forgings. 860 to 890F, 25 minute minimum.
1.054 Artificially age W Condition to T6 Condition.
1.0541 All products except forgings. 240 to 260F, 22 hour
minimum.
1. 0542 Forgings. 230 to 260F, 22 hour minimum.
1.0543 Alternatively, for sheet and wire, 210F, 4 to 6 hour
+315F, 8 to 10 hour, or 250F, 2 to 4 hour+ 325F, 2 to
4 hour,
1.055 Stretch (stress relief) and artlflcally age W Condition to
T651 Condition at 240 to 260F, 22 hour minimum.
1,0551 Sheet and plate, Stretch 1.5 to 3 percent+ age, (sec
1. 0541). No straightening Is pernutted after stretching.
1.0552 Rolled or extruded bar. Stretch 1 to 3 percent + age,
(sec 1. 0541). No straightening Is permitted after
stretching unless negotiated,
1. 0553 Rolled or extruded shapes. Stretch 1 to 3 percent+ age,
(sec 1. 0541). Minor straightening after stretching Is
permitted,
1.056 C empress (stress relief) and artificially age hand
forgings In W Condition to T652 (previously T65)
Condition, 230 to 260F, 22 hour minimum.
1.057 For condition T73 solution heat treatment and
quenching procedures are same as for T6 condition. The
T73 condition is then produced by an averaging treatment
which le covered by Patent No 3196676 assigned to
Alcoa. Users may obtain Information concerning details
of the averaging treatment as applied to their specific
requirements by contacting Alcoa.
1. 06 Hardness
1.061 Bare products, Condition 0, Brlnell 60 typical,
(500 kg load, 10 mm ball).
1. 062 Bare products, Condition T6, Brlnell150 typical,
(500 kg load, 10 mm ball).
1. 063 Bare products, Condition T73, Brlncll 140 typical,
(500 kg. 10 mm bull), (Her 48, p 4),
1.064 Hardness of bar In TG Condition at low temperatures,
Flgu rc 1. 064,
1. 07 Forms and Conditions Available
1.071 Alloy Is awllablc In the full commercial range of sizes
for sheet, strip, plate, bar. wire, seamless tubing and
extrusion.
1.072 Sheet, strip, bar and wire arc available In the 0 and
T6 Conditions, forgings In the TG Condition and
extrusions In the F, 0, and T6 Condition.
1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
See 2024.
1. 09 Special Considerations
1.091 Overheated material exhibiting eutectic melting or high
temperature oxidized material should not be used and
cannot be salvaged by reheat treating.
1.092 Quenching must be performed as rapidly as possible,
(sec 2024 and I, 061).
1. 093 Directionality In T6 Condition, If stretched or flattened
after solution treating, Is less pronounced th1L1 In
2024-T3, (sec 2024 and 1.094),
1.094 Although this alloy Is generally stronger than alloy 2014
or 2024, Its fatigue reslslnnce Is not proportionally
higher. For applications Involving primarily fatigue,
other alloys should be considered together with this
one. The T73 condition haa higher fracture toughness
and tear resistance, also slower crack growth than tho
the T6 condition, While not showing Improved fatigue
resistance In conventional fatigue tests, such aa
rotating beam tests on small specimens, the failure to
show Improvement may be duo to the fact that such
tests do not emphllJIIzc the crack growth stage. In
applications Involving luge sheets with in1tial stress
raisers, wherein tho crack growih stage Is of greater
Importance, tho T73 condition may show an advantage
over the T6 condition fatigue.
 AIWT
REVISEDMARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1.095 Fracture toughness. The plane strain fracture
toughness or this alloy In plste form has been evaluated
in an Interlaboratory test program conducted by
Subcommittee I, o( the AS'l'M E -24 Committee on
Fracture T<>Sttng of Metals. Five separate laboratories
participated in the program designed tO study the
consistency of results obtained using the Committee's
draft, ''Recommended Practice for Plane Strain Fracture
Toughness Testtng of High Strength Metallic Materials
Using a Fatigue Cracked Bend Specimen" (Ref 74).
These results are presented In Table 3. 02721. As a
companion to this study the variation In plane strain
fracture toughness throughout the thickness In the same
test material was Investigated (Ref 69). The results
shown in Table 3.027?.2 indicate an appreciable
variation from center to outside. Similar effects might
be expected in other types of heavy sections.
The plane strain fracture toughness of this alloy at
room temperature and -423F iR presented In Table
3.03721. TheKie value at -423F does not appear to be
lower thru1 that established by a single room temperature
teat. However, the ratio between K1 0 and Fty Is lower
at -423F than at room temperature. Figure 3.03711
ind!c~tes that the stress for total failure or sharp notched
specimens deereases llncarly from room temperature
to -423F In ncar Inverse proportion to the smooth
strength.
Recently a new temper, T7351 (an eve raged condition),
has been developed which Is claimed to promote higher
toughness In this alloy. Table 3.02723 shows this
Improvement to be associated with slgnlflcantly lower
yield strength. In this respect this temper offers no
improvement over 2014-TS alloy which has essentially
the same yield strength and plane strain fracture
toughness (Ref 69).
1.096 Stress Corrosion. The alloy in the T6 conditl<>n shows
senslti vity to stress corrosion cracking particularly In
the short transverse direction (e. g. the thickness
direction o( a pluto). l.!onslderable Improvement can be
o..chieved, when such stress corrosion sensitivity is
lmportant,by using the proprietary T73 temper. Some
strength Is sacrlflced, since the smooth tensile strength
of the T73 temper Is only approximately equal to that ol
the 2014-TS alloy, but considerable advan!nge may still
result because ol the low sensitivity to stress corrosion
cracking. As shown In Figures 2.0313 and 2.0314,
stress corroMion cracking did not develop In twelve
weeks even when the alloy In the T73 condition was
subjected to a tensile stress of 75 percent of Fty
when specimens in the T6 condition exhibited consider-
ably poorer performance under the same conditions.
2.03 Chemical Prop6rtles
2.031 General corrosion resistance is similsr to that of AI
alloy 2024.
2.0311 Allo;r In the T6 Condition IS susceptible to stress 5.6 Zn
corrosion cracking, particulsrly In transverse directions
(see Figures 2.03i2and 2.0313). Improvement In 2.5 Mg
stress corrosion resistance can be achieved by applying
the proprietary T73 heat treatment (see. Figures
1.6 Cu
2.0314 and 2.0315).
2.0312 Effect of test direction on resistance to stress
0.3 Cr
corrosion of plste in T6 condition, Figure 2. 0312.
2.0313 Effect of test direction on resistance to stress corrosion 7075
of extruded sections In TG condition, Figure 2.0313.
2.0314 Relstive resistance to stress corrosion cracking of
alloy In T6 and' T73 conditions. Specimens from die
forgings and rolled plate, Figure 2,0314.
2.0315 Relative resistance to stress corrosion cracking or
alloy In T6 aud T73 covdillons. Specimens from
extrusions and rolled rod, Figure 2.0315.
2.032 Anodic coatings are widely used for corrosion protection.
These coatings may affect the fatigue properties
adversely, although the effects are fairly small. The
adverse effect is due largely to the precleaning etching
treatment, although the coating Itself may also produce
~orne effect. Anodic coatings 0. 0001inch thick were
found to decrease the fatigue strength nn more tilan
prcclcanlng alone, but coatings greater than 0. 002
Inch thick caused considerable reduction In fatigue.
(Ref 56). See Figure 3.0561 for effects or various
coatings In fatigue.
2.033 Oxidation resistance, see 2024 alloy
2.04 Nuclear Properties
2.041 Aluminum alloys wltb a high content of the heavy metals,
particularly zinc, as alloying P.gents are not gone rally
used in applications where a high neutron flux is
present, since Certain isotopes of these heavier ITlet.o.ls
exhibit long half-lives leaving the part 'hot' for
extended periods. For example, upon extended
Irradiation of 7075 about half of the 4.5 percent zinc
content may become a gamma emitter whose half life
Is ahout 250 days.
2.042 Irradlntlon of 6 x 1014 fast nvi showed no effect on such
mechanical properties as shear strength and modulus of
rigidity or 7075-T6 parts.

3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 3. 01 Specified Mechanical Properiles

3.0ll Aluminum Association specified mechanical properties
2.01 Thermat Properties for various products In 0 Condition, Table 3.0Ll.
2.011 Melling range. 890 to 1180F, (12,p. 101). TABLE 3. Oil
2.012 Phase changes. Alloy is subject to precipitations.
2,013 Thermal conductivity, Figure 2.013. Source 112.o.35. 49. 55,611
Thermal conductivity of the alloy Alloy Al-5. GZn-2. 5M~<-l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
In the T73 condition is somewhat higher than In the Form Sheet ana Plate Extruded Rod. Wire, Rod,
T6 condition. At 77F, 1< tt 90 Btu-Ft par llr Ft,2F Bar. Shapes , Dar Rolled
2.014 Thermal exp!lll!!lnn, Figure 2.014. Tube or Cold
2.015 Specific heat, Figure 2. 015. Finished
2.016 Emissivity In air. 0.035 to 0.07, (23,p.823). Condition 0
Thickness, Inch 0.015 0.500
2.02 Other Physical Properties
2.021 Density. 0.101 lb per cu !n, 2. 80 gr par cu em,
to to All ~ 8
0.499 2.000
(12, p. 101).
2.022 Electrical resistivity. T6 Condition, room temperature, Ftu, max, ksl 40 40 40 40
2.26 microhm Inch. (12,p.100). For the T73 condition
electrical conductivity Is In the 38 percent to 42 percent
F ty max, ksi 21 - 24 -
e(2 In), min, percent 10 10 10 10
lACS range (Rei 48, p 4).
1-\IYY I
NONFERR OUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

3. 012 Aluminum Association spec!fled mechanical properties

for various products and conditions, Table 3. 012.
AI TABLE 3 012
-
5.6 Zn Source (12, p 35, 49, 55, 61)
Allov AI-5.6Zn-2.5M -1.6Cu-D.3Cr
2.5 Mg Wire,
Form Rod
1.6 Cu Sheet and Plate
and
Extruded Rod, Bars, Shapes Extruded Tube
Bar
0.3 Cr
Co.ndltion TG, T651 T6, T6510, T6511 T6
7075
Ar~. Inch - All .;;; 20 >20&;3' ~ 32 All
0.015 0.040 0.500 1.001 2.001 2.501 0.250 0,500 3,.000 3.000 4.500 0,250
to to to to to to <: 8.000 .;0.249 to to to to to <:0.24S to
0.039 0.499 1.000 2.000 2.500 3.00 0.499 2.999 4.499 4,499 5.000 2.999
Ftu ,min, ksl 76 77 77 77 73 70 77 78 81 81 81 78 78 78 1!0
Ftymln, ksl 65 66 66 66 62 60 66 70 73 72 71 70 68 70 72
e(2 In), min
percent 7 8 6 4 3 3 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 7 7
3. 013 Producer's mechanical properties for extruded bars In
T6 and T73 Condition, Table 3. 013
TABLE 3.013

Source (31, p 23!

Allov- -~ n'7~~"- r.t"' .. -0_3Cr
"nrm F.xtrudod BorA
r . . ~u; TR T7:l-
ntr,.,.tfnn I. LT ST L LT ST
Ftu, avg, ksl 93.7 79.8 78.0 75.9 71.7 70.7
Fty, avg, ksl 86.6 68.5 68.4 67.1 62.2 61.5
e(21n) avg,percen 9.3 10.1 9.5 13.0 10.3 10.7
RA. nvl!'. norcent 15 7 15 6 14 5 34 4 19 3 21.5
3.014 Producers guaranteed and tentative mechanical
property limits for hand forgings In T73 Condition,
Table 3. 014.
\.____ .
TABLE 3.014
Source (48, p 10)

Alloy AI-5.6Zn-2. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-0.3Cr

Form Hand Forgings

Condition T73
Thickness, Inch 0-3. OOO(b) 3. 001-4. OOO(n) 4.001-5.000(a) 5.001-G.OOO(a)

Direction L LT ST L LT ST L LT ST L 1.1' ST
Ftu, min, ksl 66 64
64 61 63 60 62 61 58 61 59 57
Fty, min, ksl 56 55
54 52 53 51 53 51 50 51 50 49
e, (percent In 40), min 7 4 3 7 3 2 7 3 2 6 3 2
(a) Tentatively guaranteed minima (b) Same as In Mll.-A-2271B
3.015 Producers ~aranteed and tentative mechanical
property ,-!!' for die forgings In T73 ConcUtion,
Table 3.0.
,. TABLE 3.015
Source (48, I' 10)

Alloy Al-5. GZn-2. 5Mg-1.6Cu-o. 3C r

Form Ole Forgings

Condition T73
Thickness, Inch 0-3. OOO(a) 3.001-4.000(b) 4.001-5.000(b) 5.001'-G.OOO(b)
Direction L T L T L T L T
Ftu , min, ksl 66 62 64 61 62 :;9 61 58
Fty , min, ksl 56 53 55 5~ 53 51 51 tiO
e, (percent In 40), min 7 3 7 2 7 I 2 6 2

(a) Same as specified In MIL-A-227ID (b) Tentatively guaranteed mlnfma

 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 196 8 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.016 Recommended design mechanical properties for

produ-::ts In T73 Temper specified by Alloy Developer, AI
Table 3.016

TADLE 3.016
5.6 Zn
Source (48, p 10)
2.5 Mg
Alloy Al-5.6Zn-2.5Mg-l. GCu-0. 3Cr 1.6 Cu
Form Extrusions Sheet nnd Plate Rolled Rod nnd B11r (a) 0.3 Cr
Condition T73510, T73511 T73 T7351 T7351 T73
Thlclmess, Inch Cross Sectl.:>nal Area ,,
.$ 25 Square Inches
7075
Min .062 .250 .500 .040 .250 .500 1.001 2.001 2.50i .375 1.001 2.001
Max .249 .499 1.499 .249 .499 1.000 2.000 2.500 3.00 1.000 2.000 3.000 ~3.000

{~T
Ftu, min 66 69 70 67 69 69 69 GG 64 68 68 68 66
ksl 66 66 66 67 69 69 69 66 64 - - 65 62
ST - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Fty, min { L 58 61 61 56 57 57 57 52 50 56 56 56 56
ksl LT
ST
58
-
58
-
55
-
56
-
57
-
57
-
57
-
52
-
49
-
-
-
-- 52
-
53
-
{~T
Fey 58 GO 61 55 56 56 56 50 47 52 53 55 56
ksl 60 GO 59 58 58 58 59 54 51 - - 55 56
ST -
37 39
-
39
- -
38
-
39
-
39
-
39
-
38
-
38
-
42
-
4l
-
41
-
39
1'su. ksl
Fbru{.c/0 = l 5 101 103 104 105 lOG 105 105 102 100 102 102 102 86
ksl c/0=2.0 128 131 132 134 137 135 135 131 128 133 133 133 119
Fbry{e/D = 1.5 86 89 87 84 86 86 86 82 79 82 82 82 78
ksl e/D = 2.0 101 104 102 102 104 104 104 98 95 101 101 101 84
c, min
percent {~T
7
-
7
-
-
8
-8 -
7
-
7
-G -G -G 12
-
12
-
12
-
7
3
(a) Die Forgings

3.02 Mcchnnlcal Properties at Room Tcmpemture

3.021 Tension
3.02101 Effect of exposure to elevated tcmpemture on room
temperature tensile properties of alloy In TG Condition,
Figure 3.02101
3.02102 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on room
temperature tensile properties of alloy In T73
Condition, Figure 3.02102 3.026 Dearing.
3. 02103 HaUo of bending modulus of rupture to tensile strength 3.027 Stress concentration, (Sec also 3.037).
for tubing, l'lgure 3.02103 3.0271 Notch properties.
3.022 Compression 3.02711 Effect of root radius on the room temperature notch
3.023 Impact strength of plate In TG51 Condition, Figure 3.02711.
3.024 Bending 3.02712 Effects of notch sharpness :md notch depth on notch
3,025 Torsion and Shear. strength of bar in TG Condition, Figure 3. 027i2.
3.0251 :orslonal modulus of rupture for forgings In TG 3.0272 l'rncture toughness.
Condition, Figure 3. 0251. 3.02721 Plnnc strain fracture toughness nt room temperntu re
3.0252 Torsional modulus of rupture for rolled tube In TG for 1.4 Inch plate In TG51 Condition, Table 3.0272 ;,
Condition, Figure 3.0252 TADLE 3.02721

Source
Alloy
(7!)
7075 --
Form
Condition
1.4 Inch Platc(IJ
TG51 -
Laboratory(~) I 1 I 2 3 I 4 I '":~--
~-
Kic ksi -..flri 121.4 22.5121.9 23.1 21.5 22.8121.7 22.81 21.2 .. ;!2,0

(1) Fty = 78 ksl

(2) Rnnge for Three Tests Minimum

~
_l ~
1 1.5 _l
3

~
12
I T
I -I
Fatigue -Cracked Bend Specimen
Full Plate Thlclmcss
. . , , ..-..- I

NO NFE RR OU S AL LO YS REV ISED MAR CH 196 8

3.027 22 Room temp eratu re plane strain fractu

re tough ness at
AI cente r and outel de of 1.4 Inch plate
In T651 Cond ition,
Table 3. 02722.
5.6 Zn
2.5 Mo TABL E 3.027 22

1.6 Cu Sourc e
(73)
0.3 Alloy
Cr Form 7075
1. 4 Inch Plate
Cond ition
7075 Thick ness, Inch I 0.250 thru 0.625
T651
1.4
Locat ion
J Cente r I Outsi de Full Thick ness
Kl'e -ksn [ln I 25.4 I 21.4 22.1

RT Testa l
Fty ~ 78 ksl
l l
_J_
W/2
'
_L.
w

'
t j
s
I
Crack ed Bend SpL-clmen
WR Direc tion
Thick ness - Inch I w I s
0,250 thru 0.625
1.4
I 1.38! 5.6
3.0 12.0

3.027 23 Plane strain fract ure tough ness

of 1 3/8 Inch plate
In T651 and T7351 Cond itions , Table
3.027 23.

TABL E 3.027 23

Sourc e
Alloy Alcoa (72)
7075
Form
1 3/8 Inch Plate
Cond ition Direc tion Ftu(S) Fty(S)
Kle - ksl "l[iri
e(4D)< 5 J SEC( l)(5) CNB(2 )(5)
ksl ksi perce nt
T651 L(3)
86.7 78.1
T(4) 11.2 28,5
85.1 76.1 26.3
11.3 24.0 22.6
T7351 L(3)
72.4 61.2
T(4) 12.3 35.1
71.1 59.8 32.0
11.1 30.4 27.5

6
rL[1~ ,. I
t 12
t-tf.
t
IJ
(2) Crack ed Bend Speci men

T Full Plate Thick ness

(l) Singl e Edge Crack ed Speci

men
Thick ness Mach ined to 1 Inch
(3) For Crack ed Speci mens , RW
Direc tion
(4) For Crack ed Speci mens , WR
Direc tion
(5) Avera ge Value s for Thre e Lots
from Three Ingots
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures

3.031 Short time tension properties. AI
3.0311 Stress strain curves for alloy in T6 Condition at room
and elevated temperatures, Figure 3.0311. 5.6 Zn
3.0312 Complete stress strain curves for alloy In TG Condition
at room and elevated temperatures, Figure 3.03.12. 2.5 Mg
3.0313 Stress strain curve at room and low temperatures of
bar 1n T6 Condition, Figure 3. 0313. 1.6 Cu
3.0314 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile
properties of alloy In 0 and T6 Conditions,
0.3 Cr
Figure 3.0314.
3.0315 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile 7075
properties of alloy In T73 condition, Figure 3. 0315.
3.0316 Typical trends from several sources for tensile
properties of sheet and bar at room and low temper-
atures, Figure 3.0316.
3.032 Compression.
3.03~ Impact.
3.0331 Impact strength of alloy In T6 Condition at room and
low tempemtures, Figure 3.0331.
3.034 Bending.
3.035 Torsion and shear.
3.036 Bearing
3.037 Stress concentration, (see also 3.027).
3.0371 Notch properties.
3.03711 Effect of test temperature on smooth and sharp notch
tensile properties of sheet in TG Condition, Figure
3.037ll.
3.0372 Fracture toughness.
3.03721 Plane strain fracture toughness at room temperature
and -423F for 1/2 Inch plate ln T651 Condition,
Table 3. 03721

TAULE 3,03721

Source (tiD)
Alloy 7075
Form 1/2 !Jlch Plate
Condition TG51

Test Temp Ftu

il)
Fly
(I) c(2 ln)(J) RA(l) Klc (2)
F ksl ksl percent (lorccnt ksl -v;;
HT 87.7 7R.~ 10.1 14.9 24.9(3 )
-423 122( 5 ) 11a!fil --- --- 25.9 - 32.4<4 >

r- Fatigue 13 rack
(1) Average of Three Tests, Longitudinal Direction
(2) R\V Direction
(3) Single Value
$ I
(4) Range for Five Tests
(5) Estimated from results In Figure 3. 03711
1~.625~ 1.5

o.a1...j 1-- 1.2s.j

l
Compact Tent>lon Specimen
Full Thickness

3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties

3.041 Creep and creep tupturc curves at temperatures from
75 to GOOF for TG und TG511 extrusions, Figure 3. 041.
3.042 Creep Md creep rupture curves at temperatures from
75 to GOOF for all products ln TG condition except
extrusions and forgings, Figure 3. 042.
3.043 Creep Md creep rupture at 212 to GOOF fer alloy In
T73 condition, Figure 3. 043.
3.044 Isochronous strc&s strain curves nt 300 and 400F
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

3.05 Fatigue Properties 3.052 Sheet.

3.051 General. The smooth fatigue strength of this alloy in
AI the T6 Condition Is about equal to that of 2024T6 and
3,0521 Reversed axial loading fallguc of unnotchcd sheet at
room and low temperatures, Figure 3. 0521.
5.6 Zn therefore lower than might be expected on the basis of 3.0522 C<>mpletely reversed axial loadtog fatigue of sheet with
its high tensile strength. stress conccntro.tion Kt:;;; 3.5 at room and low temper-
2.5 Mg It ts also especially sensitive to stress concentrations.
ature, Figure 3.0522.
Table 3. 0511 shows that the range of observed smooth
1.6 Cu 3.053 Wrought products.
fatlgue limits at 105 cycles i~ 20 to 25 percent lower
3.0531 Typical fatigue strength values ir. rotating bcnrllng fo~
for the short transverse direction than for the
0.3 Cr longitudinal dirccllon. At a U!c of 108 cycles the bands
alloy to TG and T73 Condition at re<>m and elevated
temperatures, Figure 3. 0531.
for longitudinal and short transverse dlrecllons nrc :l. 0532 S-N' curves at room and low temperature for rod in
7075 closer to each other, but the short transverse direction TG Condition, Figure 3.0532.
Is still lower than the longitudinal dlrc'Ction. With a 3.053a S-N curves [or notched extruded bar In T73 Condition,
stress concentratior. in the form of a shu.rp notch in a Flgu rc 3. 0533 .
rotating beam specimen, all directions tend to become 3.0534 R;,verscd bending fatigue of bar to T6 condition with and
"'quai, showtog tl1e high sensitivity to stress without notch at room and low temperatures, Figure
concentration even for the initially favorable longlludinnl 3.0534.
direction. 3.0535 Rotating beam fatigue test results at room temperature
Anodlztog and other surface treatments intended for of smooth bar and bars notched to various radii,
protection agnlnst general corrosion, have a small Figure 3. 0535.
but detrimental effect on fatigue life. The most 3.054 Mean stress effects.
important factor Is the pretreatment used to prepare 3.0541 Stress range diagram for bar and extrusions TG
the surface for anodizing, the reduction In fatigue limit Condition. Figure 3. 0541.
being as high when only the prctroatmcnt Is applied as Stress range diagrams for smooth and notched bar and
when the anodizing treatment Is also applied. Dy the extrusions in TG Condition, Figure 3. 0542.
usc of the proper pretreatment and coaling. the loss 3. 0543 Low cycle axial fatigue at room temperature for notched
of fatigue strength can be minimized, (sec Figure bar In axlnl loading for several values of rnllo of
3.0561). minimum to maximum stress. Figure 3. 0543.
The alloy Is also sensitive to stress corrosion cracking, .3.0514 Helntlon between crack growth rate and range of clastic
cxpeclally In the hort transverc direction (sec ~.03). stress intensity factor. Comparison of experimental
Usc of the T73 heat treatment In order to minimize data range with empirical equation propoed by
stress corrosion cracking docs not appreciably reduce Forman, Flgure3.0544.
fatigue life. As seen itt Figure a.0~51, the scattcrbands :1.055 Data scattcrbands.
for U1c two heat treatments arc approximately the same. 3.0551 Rotating beam fatigue behavior at room temperature
Tests to determine the relative performance of the for plate. rod and forgings In TG and T73 and T7351
two heat trcntmcnts in fatigue under conditions pt-omoUng condition and comparison with scattcrl:and for producLs
stress corrosion cracking would be desirable. In TG condition under almllar loading. Figure 3. 0551.
3.0511 Effect of test dl rcctlon on fatigue limits of alloy In 3,0552 Axial fatigue nt room temperature for rolled rod and for
',
.... ... , '
,

TG Condition. Table 3.05il. plate in T73 Condition at stress rntio R ""' 0,

and compatison wllh seattcrband for products In T6
Condition under similar loading, Figure 3.0552.

T.\DLE :1.0511

Source (61, "586)

Alloy Al-5. GZn-2. 5Mg- I. r.Cu -0. 3Cr

Form Plate, Extru:don, Forging

Condition T6

Han~c of Scatteruand, ksl

Longitudinal Long Transverse Short Transvcrsr:-

Fatigue Umlt
Smooth. to5 cycles 35 to 50 31 to 42 26 to 40
Notched, to5 cycles 14 to 22 H to 20 13 to 20
Smooth, 108 cycles 17 to 28 11 to 27 i!J to 26
Notched, I o8 eye lcs G to 10 G to 10 G to 10
~oof'

~
Notcl1cd Specimen
llotatlng Bend, R ; I

.0005 >H > .0002

3.0553 Effect of test eli recti on on rotating bending fatigue at

room temperature. Specimens tested In longitudinal,
long transverHe, n.nd short transverse ciJrccUon,
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.0554 Rotating beam bending behavior at room temperature of 4.0142 Effect of forming temperature on bend faclor In rubber
notched specimens from plate, rod, and forgings In forming of sheet In 0 and TG Conditions, Figure 4.0142. AI
T6, T73, and T7351 conditions, and comparison with 4.0143 Effect of forming temperature on springback of sheet
scatterband for products in T6 condition under similar In T6 Condition, Figure 4.0143. 5.6 Zn
loading, Figure 3. 0554. 4.015 Warpage of Integrally stiffened sklns machined from
3.056 Surface treatment effects. plate In T651 Condition Is considerably reduced If plate
Is stretched about 5 percent prior to solution treating
2.5 Mo
3. 0561 Rotating beam fatigue behavior at room temperature 1.6 Cu
(Lockheed 1959).
for bare rod and for various pretreatments and coatings,
4.016 Forging. Starting temperature 750F maximum,
Figure 3. 0561.
finishing temperature GOOF minimum. The maximum 0.3 Cr
3.057 Stress cycling fatigue.
temperature should not be exceeded to prevent hot
3,0571 Variation of stress with cycles required to maintain
shortness, particularly In hammer forging. The 7075
contaut strain range at room temperature for alloy In
.i:orglng prcssurP.s for the stronger aluminum alloys
T6 Condition, Figure 3.0571.
ciroocd thosC rcqu1rod fer carbon tl."'ld low all;:;y otcel6.
3.0572 Strain eye ling fatigue at room temperature fur alluy i.u
7075 ranges among the aluminum alloys most difficult
T6 Condition, Figure 3. 0572.
to forge.
3.0573 Cyclic stress strain curve for bar In T6 condition,
4.03 Welding
Figure 3.0573.
4".031 This alloy is normally not fusion welded.
3.0574 True stress versus true plastic strain In reversed strain
4.032 In resistance welding, the performance of this alloy Is
cycling showing an average eye lie strain hardening
Inferior to that of 2024.
exponent of 0.105, Figure 3.0574.
3.058 Torsional fatigue.
4.04 lleating and Heat Treating
3.0561 Torsional shear fatigue of rod In T6 Condition at
4.041 Some loss ln strength may be encountered unless
room temperature, Figure 3. 0581.
solution treating time Is 25 minutes minimum.
4.042 Quenching of forgings should be at the slowest possible
3.06 Elastic Properties rate In water of a temperature which may be ns high as
3.061 Modulus of elasticity at various temperatures, Figure 180F, or higher for special jobs, provided that U1e
3.061. specified strength and corrosion properties are
3.062 Tangent modulus curves In compression for bar and obtained. The variables to be considered lnclude,among
extrusions In T6 Condition at room temperature, others, alloy composition, section size and subsequent
Figure 3. 062. machining. When using water temperatures in excess
of 180F, water volume and agitation are very critical.
The quenching may be either by Immersion or by high
4. FABRICATION velocity, high volume jet spraying (Wyman Gordon).
Sec 2024. Only complementary or different Information MIL-li-6088A (ASG) specifies a temperature of 180F
listed below. maximum for immersion quenching In water.
4.043 Reheat treating this and other alloys containing over
4.01 Forming and Casting 2 percent magnesium In a nitrate bath Is not recom-
4.011 0 Condition has forming properties Inferior to those of mended because of the danger of explosions due to
2024-Q, Hot forming at 350 to 700F may be used to magnesium reactions with an overheated bath.
advantalt<', with the time at tcmper.uurc limited to
2 hour (Lockheed 1958)
1\,012 W Condition possesses approximately the same
formability as 2024-W. However, 7075 -Wages slower
than 2024-W. For maximum formability the total time
at room temperature between quenching anri formln~
should n''t exceed 30 minutes, (Lockheed allows 2 hour
maximum for stretch forming). U refrigeration Is used
the following times are suggested: At 32F, 24 hour,
at 201-', 3 days, at 0 F, 7 days, (Ref 27). flot forming
W Condition .:~ffers little advantage over hot forming
T6 Condition.
4.013 T6 Condlllo~ possesses very limited formability at
room tcmpel'aturc. Its formability Improves consider-
ably with temperature. Forming of the TG Condition can
be pcrforr..ed at 300 to 425F, with the time at temper-
ature limited to the values shown In Figure 4.013.
Relationship of holding time to forming temperature for
sheet ln '!'6 Condition, Figure 4.013.
4.014 Bending.
'1.0141 0 Condition te:u;rcs slightly larger bend factors than
2024 -t;, rangir., from 0 for thicknesses up to 0. 032
Inch ,., 2 lor (. Z50 Inch. W Condition should be bent
to ra;l!\ slightly !;,rger than those needed for 0 Condition.
T6 ConJitlon can be commercially bent to the bend
factors given In Table 4.0141. Producers rr.commcnd
slightly smaller bend radii, while the bend faclors
specified by AMS 4044 and 4045 greatly exceed those
actually used, Table 4.0141.
TABLE 4.0141
Source (GO pp 36,37 ,47)

Thickness, Inch 1/64 1/2

Temper
0 0 3-5
2-4 7-12
T6

CODE 3207
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

5.6
AI
Zn
210
1\ A>->.'"'' >M L6C0. ,c,'
0. 750 IN DIA BAR
T-6 CONDITION

2.5 Mg 205

1.6
0.3

7075
Cu
Cr \\ 14r-----~----~----~----~-----,

13
Al-5. 6Zn-2. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
0 CONDITION

"'a:
1\ l>l
p..
1!1

\
a: MEAN COEF UNEAR
l>l
p.. THERMAL EXPANSION

.1!1
"'0
11
FROM RT TO TEMP

~"
INDICATED
10
-100 -ZOO 0 200 400 600
TEMP- F
FIG. 2. 014 THERMAL EXPANSION

~
(II, p.35)(10, p.2)

180
-300 -200 -100 0 100
TEMP- F

FIG. l. 064 HARDNESS OF BAR IN T6 CONDITION

AT LOW TEMPERATURE
(34)(40)(41 )(43)(44)(45)

120
Al-5. 6Zn-2. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

------ ---
TG CONDITION OR OTHERWISE

v
INDICATED
_..... -....
100

i::"
(-o
T6
HEATED TO 575F
OR ABOVE (19) / /
///
'
_,
"'0 80

~
/
Ul TG CONDITION
a: (19)
~ _/
a: 60 0.3

~
l>l Al-5. 6Zn-Z. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
p..
"'
~
T6 CONDITION
(-o
1/
"'
::::> 40 ~0.2 ~----~~~~----~~----+-----~
/~ONDITION
(-o p..
IQ (-o
UNKNOWN
::::>
1/ (33) IQ
20 0.1 ~----~----~----~-----L----~
I -ZOO 0 zoo 400 600 800
TEMP- F

FIG. Z. 015 SPECIFIC HEAT

0 (19, p.l3)
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

TEMP- F

FIG. 2. 013 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

(19, p. 13)(33)
 REVISED MARCH 1968. NONFERROUS ALLOYS

lOOr-~~~~~~~~~~--------------------------,
Al-5. 6Zn-2.. SMg-1. 6Cu-O, 3Cr
PLATE, 1/4-3 IN THICK, O.lZS INDIA TEST BAR AI
T6 CONDITION
CORROSION CYCLE 10 MIN IN 3.5 PERCENT NaCI SOLUTION 5.6 Zn
+ SO MIN IN DRY AIR 2.5 Mo
1.6 Cu
0.3 Cr

7075

o,L---------------~--~~--~----~--------------~
SO 100 ISO
DAYS TO F AlLURE

FIG. 2.0312 EFFECT OF TEST DIRECTION ON RESISTANCE TO STRESS

CORROSION OF PLATE IN T6 CONDITION.
(68, p. 15)

j
\ .. ,....

Al-S. 6Zn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr CORROSION CYCLE-IOMIN IN

EXTRUDED SECTIONS, 1/4 TO 2 IN THICK 3.5 PERCENT NnCI SOLUTION
TEST SPECIMENS O.lZS IN DIA BAR + 50 MIN IN DRY AIR
T6 CONDITION
100~------------------------------------------------------~
ONLY LOWER BOUND SHOWN DUE TO
RELATIVELY FEW FAILURES OCCURRING

oL-------------~~------------~--------------~------~
50 !00 ISO !80
DAYS TO FAILURE

FIG. 2.0313 EFFECT OF TEST DIRECTION ON RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION

OF EXTRUDED SECTIONS IN TG CONDITION.
(68, !' 19)
AIVY I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

!1-5. 6Zn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

AI DIE FORGINGS & ROLLED PLATE AS INDICATE!
T6 AND T73 CONDITION
5.6 Zn TESTED BY SUBJECTING TENSILE SPECIMENS
2.5 Mg OR C-RING 10 MIN EXPOSURE IN 3. 5o/o NaC1
SOLUTION FOR EACH HOUR OF 30 DAYS
1.6 Cu
0.3 Cr FTY
eHIGHEST STRESS SUSTAINED UNDER CORRO-
7075 ~ 100 SION WITHOUT FAILURE, ARROW INDICATES
NO FAILURE AT HIGHEST STRESS EMPLOYED

...,
0
80
Iii
z ., <D
fo<
.., ... <D
fo<
.,
...
<D
Eo<

< 80
Eo<
IJ)
!::
~
Eo< Eo<
Eo<
..,
~
:::> (:::;
IJ)
IJ)
IJ)
Iii 60
a:
E-o

"'
Iii
..:I
li.l 40
z
Iii
E-o

zo

. 1 IJ)
I
0 Iii~'~ ..:I
~ .r. ..:~z < Iii Iii A1-5. ZZn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O, 3Cr
..:1:::3 z
..:I~~
s:::> IJ)
a: ::1 EXTRUSIONS & ROLLED ROO
~~ ;:i:;:
<O fo<
Iii
>
Iii
>
T6 AND T73 CONDITION
~;;: ~..:I
G oz
IJ) f-<111
a:z NOTE: SEE FIG. 2.0314 FOR TEST CONDITIONS
0:0 E->"' Z< o<
<..:I 00 ~ 00: :z:O: AND KEY TO BAR GRAPHS.
ZE->
~"' ..:I ..:IE-> Ulf-<

DIE FORGINGS
UP TO 3IN THICK
ROLLED PLATE
O.Z5 TO 4. 5 IN THICK
100
."' "'Eo<
.., .., "'Eo<
<D

....
E-o
FIG. 2.0314 RELATIVE RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION !:: .., .., !::: ..,
CRACKING OF ALLOY IN T6 AND T73 CON-
0 (:::; "'fo< ~
DITIONS. SPECIMENS FROM DIE FORGINGS
AND ROLLED PLATE.
(48, p. 14} 0

z0

0
~ ~
1--v----.....-----
..:!
~ Iii
s:::> ::1
Iii
E-o >
G ~
z ...;
0
..:I
a:
...
~
EXTRUSIONS ROLLED ROO
Z.O TO 7.0 IN THICK 0. ZS TO 5. 0 IN THICK

FIG. 2.0315 RELATIVE RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION

CRACKING OF ALLOY IN T6 AND T73 CON-
DITIONS. SPECIMENS FROM EXTRUSIONS AND
ROLLED ROD.
(48, p. 14}
REVISEDMARCH 196 8 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

A1-5. 6Zn-Z. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

T6 CON. AI
5.6 Zn
2.5 Mg
1.6 Cu
0.3 Cr

7075'".

>-
E-<
~ 40~----4-~~~~---4------1

zo

A1-5. 6Zn-Z. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

T73 CONDITION

800 80

FIG. 3.02101
EXPOSURE TEMP-F

EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO
- ~~ ~
ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

~~ ~
'\
ON ROOM TEMPERATURE
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
\
ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION.
(14) 100
~ ~~ ~
=-- 40

80 1/Z HR EXPOSURE- zo
AT TEMP

.. .A.
0
6
10 HR
100 HR
1000 HR -
F~ ~[\"'"'".
60

~
TESTED AT RT
AFTER EXP.
>- 40
r..

\I~ ~~ ~
E-<
~

zo

0
zo
- 10---.:

I
-~

::--
E-<
e(4D)
~ ~~
j;i 10
u
a:
w
p.,
0
0 100 zoo 300 400 500 600 700
EXPOSURE TEMP - F

FIG. 3.02102 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

ON ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY
IN T73 CONDITION.
(48, p. 3)

CODE 3207
..--.. '1'1 I

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVIS ED MARC H 1968

AI 60
5.6 Zn Al-5. 6Zn-2. 5Mg-I . 6Cu-O. 3Cr
FORGI NG FTU = 75 KSI
25 Mg 50 r----1~---1-----r-----r--
--,------.r---~--~L/D

1.6 Cu r'~t---~~~----~~~--~0
0.3 Cr ~ 40 ~~~-~~~~----,_--~~~~
1/2
I /4
-I
:::>
0
7075 0
2 30
-I
~ 5
~ 20
a: 10
0 NOTE: CURVE FOR L/D =0
!-
IS FOR Fsu 45 KSI; AND
10 20
DOES NOT ALLOW FOR POSS11 31UTY
OFRED UCED STREN GTIIA LONG
PARTI NG PLANE .
0
0 10 20 30 40
1.6 50 60 70 80
, . ; . "-" ' ;M,-' . 'C"-0. >C< RATIO OF DIAME TER TO TI!ICK NESS-
D/t
TUBIN G
T6 CONDI TION FIG. a. 0:!51 TORSI ONAL MODU LUS OF RUPTU RE
FOR FORGI NGS IN
1.4 Til CONDI TION.

_\ (46)

~
FB/FT U

"
0.8 ! - - ~ ..____
0.6
0 20 10 60 ~0

RATIO OF TUBE DIAME TER TO WALl.

THICK NESS - D/t t>O Al-5. bi'.n-2. 5i\tg~ I. tJC11-0. 3Cr
ROLLE D HOD
FIG, :1,02103 RATIO OF RENDI NG MODU LUS CONDI TION, FTU 77 KSI
OF RUPTU RE ro TENSIL I:
STREN GTH FOR TUBIN G. 50
;n
(I 3, p. 117) :.::

0 I0 20 30 40 50 60 70 AO
RATIO OF DIAM< :TE:H TO THICK NESS
D/t
FIG, :1.0252 TORSI ONAL MODU LUS OF RUPTU RE
FOR ROLLE D TURE IN
T6 CONDI TION.
(46)
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

AI
60 Al-5. GZn-2. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
5.6 Zn
T651 CONDITION 2.5 Mg
1.6 Cu
so 0.3 Cr
iil 7075
:.: 40
I
Ul
E-<
z
30
RW DIRECTION
R T TESTS

20
0 2 3 4
r- MILS

FIG. 3.02711 EFFECT OF ROOT RADIUS ON THE ROOM

TEMPERATURE NOTCH STRENGTH OF
PLATE IN T6SI CONDITION.
(69)

80 ~-----.-------------------------,
A1-S. 6Zn-2. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
TG CONDITION

70
160~----~~~------------------------.
AI-5.6Zn-2.SMg-
l, 6Cu-O. 3Cr
3/4 IN BAR 60
TG CONDITION

so

30

2.0
SOOF

10 100
NOTCH SHARPNESS, a/r 10
FIG. 3.02712 EFFECTS OF NOTCH SHARPNESS AND
NOTCH DEPTH ON NOTCH STRENGTH TENSION
OF BAR IN TG CONDITION.
(26, p.41) 0
0 0.002. o. 004 0. 006 0.008 o. 010
STRAIN - IN PER IN

FIG. 3. 0311 STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR ALLOY IN

TG CONDITION AT ROOM AND ELEVATED
TEMPERATURES.
(2.0)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

90
Al-5. 6Zn-2. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
AI

-
SHEET
RT
T6 COND
5.6 Zn 80
2.5 Mg
1.6 (
vv
Cu
70
0.3 Cr 300F
t---
7075 350F
60

- r---
50 / -
400F

r-
~
~ 40
1/
30
rr 450F 1--
r---
500F

20
I( t--

I
10

T
Al-5. 6Zn-2. SMg- I. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
0 0. 75 IN DIA BAR
0 0.02 o. 04 0.06 0.08 o. 10 o. 12 TG CONDITION
STRAIN- IN PER IN

- --
TEST TEMP
120
FIG. 3.0312 COMPLETE STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEET
IN TG CONDITION AT ROOM AND ELEVATED -423F
TEMPERATURES.

100
(
----- ~---

-
1-- r--- -320F

80
v
----
rL:'--
-- -.............., llOF

7tJF

~ 60

40

0 I
0.040 o. 080 O.IZO 0.160
STRAIN-IN PER IN
FIG. 3.0313 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES AT ROOM AND LOW
TEMPERATURES OF BAR IN T6 CONDITION.
(36)
 AIWT
REVISEDM ARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

AI
5.6 Zn
;,:
.,. 2.5 Mo
1.6 Cu
0.3 Cr

7075

Al-5. 6Zn-2. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr 100

T73 CONDITION

80

60
1/ZHR EXPOSURE
AT TEST TEMP
.6.100 HR EXP
10, 000 HR EXP
J00~-4--~~~~~~----~-+-4~r-----+-----~
200 400 GOO
TEST TEMP-F
FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATUR E 20
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN 0 AND T6
CONDITIONS.
(24)(25)
60 0

Iii
:.:
40
>-
1-<
~

zo

0
80

1-<
i;i 40
u e(4D)
a:
t.l
~
0
-400 -ZOO 0 200 400 600 800
TEST TEMP- F

FIG. 3. 0315 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATU RE

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN T73
CONDITION. (48, p. 8)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDM ARCH 1968

120
AI \ A1-5. 6Zn-Z. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O, 3Cr
BAR & SHEET AS INDICATED
-
5.6 Zn
~~~u TG CONDITION
2.5 Mg 100
"'Il

~"' ~
(39)(40)(41 17
!.6 Cu t-..
(38)7 (37)7
0.3 Cr
~ 80
FTY
~ !:::::,....
~~
~

r---::::
t--. --
----. -F-
-;

~::::::::::::::.
7075 (37)
~
(39)(40)(41)
~
\ (38)136)(42)
(421-7
~36Jz__
-- _,,-" ---
60 Eo<

~ ~
15 i5
u
f-r- a:
10 w
I 13;:7 e(Z IN) -7(;;) p.,

40
5 "
( 3 6 7 _ (42~

- ~
-----
RA
~
.L--
::;.....--

Lc39> <4o)(4t>
-
1
0, 75 IN, BAR ---- 0,125 IN,SHEET
0 --- 0, 025 1N,SHEET
-400 -300 -ZOO -100 0 100
TEST TEMP- F
FIG. 3, 0316 TYPICAL TREADS FROM SEVERAL SOURCES OF TENSILE
PROPERTIE S OF SHEET AND BAR AT ROOM AND LOW
TEMPERATU RES.
(34)(36)(37)(3 8)(40)(41)

AJ-5. 6Zn-2. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

BAR
TG CONDITION
10

CHARPY V

0
-400 -300 -ZOO -100 0 100

FIG. 3. 0331 IMPACT STRENGTH OF ALLOY IN TO CONDITION AT

ROOM AND LOW TEMPERATU RES.
(34)(39)(40)(4 1)
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I
\
140
Al-5. 6Zn-2. 51\!g-1. 6Cu-o. 3Cr
T6 CONDITION
0. lZS IN SHEET AI
120
ODOL - 5.6 Zn
~ T 2.5 Mg
100 ~~ 1.6 Cu

~!'--- ... ----

.....................
FTU 0.3 Cr
1----

80
--
FTY-- 1- 0
7075

~
. tr1
:..:
60

_0 ~ ---
NTS
__ .....- .....
- -
-
40
~oo f-

~
zo

0 r <. 001
zo

...z
til 10
u -
0
r---- ---
e(Z IN)

--- ~ ~
I
a: ca"'

-"'
til
~

0
-400 -300 -ZOO -100
I
0 100 AI- 5. 6Zn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
TEST TEMP F 0. Z5 TO 3. 0 IN THICK EXTRUSIONS
TG AND TG511 CONDITION
FIG. 3. 03711 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON SMOOTH
AND SHARP NOTCH TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
SHEET IN TG CONDITION.
(70,p.6)

JOr-----~~----T--t~~~--t---~~~

81-..::::..""""'_t-~....-!l-+---

1.0 10 100 1000

TIME- HRS

FIG. 3. 041 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES

AT TEMPERATURES FROM 70 TO 600F
FOR T6 AND TGtill EXTRUSIONS.
(54)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

A1-5. 6Zn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-0. 3Cr

AI ALL PRODUCTS EXCEPT
1\1-5. 6Zn-Z. SMg-
50 I---+--- +..4---- I-1.6Cu -0.3Cr
5.6 100 1------!J"X TRUSION S AND FORGINGS
Zn T6 AND T651 CONDITION
T6 CONDITION

2.5 Mg
40
1.6 Cu
0.3

7075
Cr
-

400F

TENSION
0 L-----~--~----~~--~----~----~
0 0. 004 o. 008 0 o. 004 0. 008 o. 01 z
STRAIN-IN PER IN

FIG. 3. 044 ISOCHRON OUS STRESS STRAIN CURVES AT

300 AND 400F FOR ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION .
(15, Fig. 10, 11)

zL-____ _.______~------L-----"~
0. I 10 100 1000
TIME-HRS
FIG. 3. 04Z CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES
AT TEMPERA TURES FROM 75 TO 600F
FOR ALL PRODUCTS IN T6 AND T651
CONDITION EXCEPT EXTRUSION S/AND
FORGINGS . (54)

Al-5. 6Zn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O, 3Cr 80

ALL PRODUCTS -............ A1-5. 6Zn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
80 T73 CONDITION !'-.. 0.10 IN SHEET

70 ~ T6 CONDITION , FTu = 78.8 KSI

"\
60 I'\"I" 1\
\ \
~
R = -1, AXIAL

10 r-~~~~~~~~-4~~~
50

40
1\r\ "" \ ~
\
\
-4Z3F
'-.....
8r:::::...-::::-~---~k::.....-:::s::.:,~~~
30 ~ r---- --

4
zo
"""\ '-.....
~ ....._ - 7 0
-3ZOF

5 5
100 !0 5
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3.043 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE FIG. 3.0521 REVERSED AXIAL LOADINGF ATIGUE OF urmrJ;.CHE f
AT ZIZ TO 600F FOR ALLOY SHEET AT ROOM AND LOW TEMPERA TURES. .
IN T73 CONDITIO N. !48.o.81 1-:t..t \1.4?\
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ~LLOYS

40r--------.--------------------------~
A1-5. 6Zn-2. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr AI
0.10 T.N SHE.'::T
T6 CONDITION 5.6 Zn
2.5 Mg
1.6 Cu
0.3 Cr

7075

-320F
0~-------J~-------L~------~------~
10J 104 105 10
CYCLES TO FAILURE 80 A1-5. 6Zn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
FIG. 3. 0522 COMPLETELY REVERSED AXIAL LOADING 3/4 IN ROD
FATIGUE OF SHEET WITH STRESS CONCEN-
TRATION Kt; 3.5 AT ROOM AND LOW TEM-
PERATURES.
(34) p. A-16-0-3
(59)
STRESS CALCULATED FROM Me

40

80
Vi
~

40
60
!\1-5. 6Zn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
BAR
TG AND T73 CONDITION
50 ~.
\
.T T
0
... '
~:~
\ ---- T73 CONDITION (48) 80
!. TG CONDITION (14)
\ I I
40 I
r.
'~
I
ROTATING BENDING 40
~ R =-I
!
~
30
I!

~ ~~ OL-----~-----L-----L----~

~
5
10 3 10 4 10 lOb
........ NUMBER OF CYCLES
20 ....,..,

~~
t"1G, 3.0532 S-N CURVES AT ROOM AND LOW
~OF
I" TEMPERATURES FOR ROD IN

IO
~
-- ~OF -
T6 CONDITION.
(3Z, p. ZS, 27)

105 106 10 7 108

CYCLES TO FAJLURE
FIG. 3. 0531 TYPICAL FATIGUE STRENGTH VALUES
IN ROTATING BENDING FOR ALLOY IN
TG AND T73 CONDITION AT ROOM AND
 --------- --------

AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 196 8
,,

60
A1-S. 6.~n-Z. Sl\;J;-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
AI 50 EXTl'.UDED BAit
5.6 Zn 40
- T73 CI~NDITION

~
25 Mg R = 0.10
AXIAL
1.6 cu 30
L -~
0.3 Cr

7075 zo
40

30
-1\. ~
L + LT -0.015
r"'
d D
0.430 0,600
ST 0. 0075 O.Zll 0.300

~
LT

~-
--
20

15
40 -
~. If][tt
A_,&oo_.<,

30

ST ~ Lr
a;:o
2.0 "-
.- =-
Kt ~

10 4 105 10 6
NUMBER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3. 0533 S-N CURVES FOR EXTRUDED BAR IN
T73 CONDITION.
(31, p. 2.4)

1
AI- 5. 6./:n-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
0. 75 IN BAR
T6 COI"D. FTU" R3.9 KSI
10 0

' ~
80
~~t=l t--,""
'\~ ,, FLEXURE

~, ........
R , -I

60 '
I'- ' ...

Kt~iS-~ '
~':::.~-, ~ - --
0.

-----~~~OF~
, __
~
::-..:~
--
~-:---
t--
t-- -

~ r-d- ----
- - - -JZOF
z0 - - - -423F .....___ I--

0 I I
6
10 4 !0 5 10
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.0534 REVERSED BENDING FATIGUE OF BAR IN T6

 R E VISED MARCH 196 8 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

A1-5. 6Zn-2. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

ROD AI
T6 CONDITION
60 5.6 Zn
2S Mg
so
1.6 Cu
~ Q3
40
Cr
<ll
<ll
r.l
a:
E-o 30
7075
<ll
><
<

t-
::i 20
- ' - R= 0.106IN
l - R = 0.062!N
10 1---f---1- --1---J=. ....._. R= ..031
R= IN
0002IN
R = -1 RT
0
3 108
10
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3. 0535 ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE TEST RESULTS AT

ROOM TEMPERATUR E OF SMOOTH BAR AND
BARS NOTCHED TO V ARlO US RADII.
(58, Fig. 5)

A1-5. 6 Zn-2. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

BAR EXTRUSIONS
TG CONDITIONS

0~~----~------~----~----~---~~~~
-20 0 20 40 60 80 100
MEAN STRESS - KSI
FIG. 3. 0541 STRESS RANGE DIAGRAM FOR BAR AND EXTRUSIONS
IN T6 CONDITION.
(22, p. 966)

CODE 32071
 Al-5. GZn-2.. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
AI 40 !--........:--+- BAR
105 TG CONDITION
5.6 Zn CYCLES - - 1 l/4IN,EXTRUDED
Mg ----1 1/BIN,ROLLED
2.5
~ 30
1.6 Cu
0.3 Cr !I)

~2.0 r-~~~-7~~----~~--+---~
7075 !I)

0
z
~10 r-~~r-~--r-----P-~~~~_,
<
~
"l
E-o
...1 0 1----+---+----+----t-~-'--t
< 2.0

2.0 40 60 80 100
MEAN STRESS - KSI

FIG. 3.0542 STRESS RANGE DIAGRAM FOR SMOOTH

AND NOTCHED BAR AND EXTRUSIONS
IN T6 CONDITION.
(16, p. 2.7)

Al-5. 6Zn-2.. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

I. 5 IN BAR MACHINED TO 0. 5 IN SPECIMEN AS SHOWN
TG CONDITION

60

~
,;
!I)
"l 50
~
E-o
!I)

x
< 40
::;;

30

~
AXIAL
LOAD

r=O.OOS RT
Kt::l< 5

10~--------~--------------~--------------~
10 3
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3. 0543 LOW CYCLE FATIGUE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
FOR NOTCHED BAR IN AXIAL LOADING FOR "SEVERAL
VALUES OF RATIO OF MINIMUM TO MAXIMUM STRESS, R.
(62., P I4)

CODE 32071
......
 AIWT
REVISED: MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

AI
5.6 Zn
2.5 Mo
1.6 Cu
0.3 Cr
7075

Al-5. 6Zn-Z. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

090 SHEET, 12 IN x 35 IN
CENTER NOTCHED AND
FATIGUE CRACKED .::-..:-.:=SCATTERBAND OF AVAIL. DATA
T6 CONDITION
---COMPUTED FROM EQUATION
3 3 21
da 2.13 x 10" (6.KJ '
dn=40.4 (1-R)- ZSK
1
t.l
...:l ~
u ~
><

w
/ L
u
0::
t.l
~
1 o-
R.; 0
v;;:
;;~
' v/
r-
R : 0. 2
!
R : 0. 33
I
1 l(

I~# ~
~
t.l 10 4
,;1 /

E-< /.~

\~ . ..
<:
0::
5
/-/
.'P' I j' i!z
:t
r'
E-<
::::
0
0::
IJ
I
K:STRESS INTENSITY
!
:<: I KMIN
u FACTOR 6.K: KMAX - KMIN R =
<: KMAX
0:: -
u
R: 0. 7 R: 0. 8
3 t/
4
!(/ I
I
R : 0. 5
/), j,

,f RT
l' I
I
l I

~:7
10

!0
0 10 zo 30
It'
0 I0 20 30
~
0
I

10 20 30

il K KSI -.JlN
FIG. 3. 0544 RELATION BETWEEN CRACK GROWTH RATE AND RANGE
OF ELASTIC STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR. COMPARISON
OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA RANGE WITH EMPIRICAL
EQUATION PROPOSED BY FORMAN.
(57, p.3,6, Fig. 4)
~ ... .,.,
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDM ARCH 1968

\ Al-5. 6Zn-2. 5Mg-I. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

'
' ',
- _......,
'1'73. T7351 , T6 CONDITION
PLATE, ROD, FORGINGS

SCATTERBA ND \ "'\. ROT.BEAM SPEC. AS SHOWN

-
R = -1 IN FIG. 3. 0552
~FOR 7075- TG

V~UCTS Kt = I. 0
',,
PLATE

\\.. ....
\."
'
_ I',
.... , ......
ROD
FORGINGS

..... -- -- --.. .-- -----

:;;;:.
"""'~-
...... -- -._--;.
Ia.

... ... l_a=

RT
.......
....._
----- ---- --=--1=
i
II

10 5 1o 6 to'
-
NUMBER OF CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.0551 ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE BEHAVIOR AT ROOM TEMPERATU RE

FOR PLATE, ROD, AND FORGINGS IN T73 AND T7351 CONDI-
TION AND COMPARISON WITH SCATTERBA ND FOR PRODUCTS
IN TG CONDITION UNDER SIMILAR LOADING.
(48, p. 17)

toor---------,-------------------------------~--,

Al-5. 6 Zn-2. 5Mg- I. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

ROLLED ROD AND PLATE
T73 AND TG CONDITIONS
8~~------r--------,---------,--------_,--~

'-....... I AXIAL LOAD

I e '-, R =0
~. 60 ':,_...__ r---......_ Kt = I. 0
' j'-..(""5 ATTERI3AND FOR AXIAL
~ '::.... l-/ . . . .
~"A TIGUE OF 7075- T6
~
t;
,

_....... _
x 40~--------~---4--
~
..........
-
-~~--~.---~~---------+--~

-.-
".J.:..RODUC TS
------- -
---
~ ~7/8 lllfiY ~--~--t---i
IN R-A-D+-.._--_ -_-_-t-...J&
__ ~-

'T" T
201-

D<A TS~~D AT =~~~~

0~------~---------L--------~--------~~
10 4
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3. 0552 AXIAL FATIGUE AT ROOM TEMPERATU RE FOR

ROLLED ROD AND FOR PLATE IN T73 CONDITION
AT STRESS RATIO R = 0, AND COMPARISON WITH
SCATTERBA ND FOR PRODUCTS IN T6 CONDITION
tiNDER SIMILAR LOADING.
(48, p. 18)
REVISED: MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Al-5. 6Zn-2.. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

PLATE, EXTRUSION, FORGING
AI
TG CONDITION Zn
SPECIMENS FROM 3 PRINCIPAL DIRECTIONS
5.6
60
2.5 MQ
50 1.6 Cu
Ul
.
:.:
l2Jo:l 40
0.3 Cr

e<: 7075
E'< 30
"'
X
< zo
~

10

0~--~--~----~--~--~--~--~
10 2 ro3 104 10s 106 ro 7 roB ro9
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3. 0553 EFFJ::CT OF TEST DIRECTION ON ROTATING

BENDING FATIGUE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE.
SPECIMENS WERE TESTED IN LOI'GITt;DII'AL,
LONG TRANSVERSE, AND SHORT TRANSVERSE
DIRECTION.
(61. p. 586)

40
AI- 5. 6 Zn- 2. 5Mg-1. 6Cu- O. 3Cr
PLATE, FIAR, FORGI:-:GS
T7:! , T7:151 , AND Tr. COI'DITJONS

30

til
:.:

"'"'
t.l 2.0
,_e<:
"'
X
<
:;.;
10

PLATE
ROD
RT
.A. FORGINGS
0
4 5
10 10 7 10
8 109 .
10 10
NUMBER OF CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.0554 ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE BEHAVIOR AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

OF NOTCHED SPECIMENS FROM PLATE, ROD AND FORGINGS
IN TG , T73 AND T7351 CONDITIONS AND COMPARISON WITH
SCATTERBAND FOR PRODUCTS IN T-6 CONDITION UNDER
SIMILAR LOADING.
(48, p. 17)
AIWT
NON FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

A1-5. 6Zn-Z. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

AI O. 300 IN DIA ROTATING BEAM SPEC.
T6 CONDITION +PRETREATM ENT +
5.6 Zn COATING, AS INDICATED

2.5 Mg PRETREATMEN T COATING

1.6 Cu eNONE NONE
0.3 0 ETCHED S'l'o NaOH, 30 SEC,150F NONE
Cr 0 CHEM. POLISHED 1/2 to 5 MIN IN HOT
SOLUTION OF PHOSPHORIC-NITRIC ALODINE 400
ACID(PROPRIE TARY)
7075 6 ETCHED 5% NaOH, 30SEC,150F ALODINE 1000
~ETCHED 5% NaOH, 30SEC,!50F ALODINE !ZOO
0 ETCHED 5% NaOH, 30SEC,!50F IRIDITE 14-Z
\7 ETCHED 90SEC, HOT SOLUTION OF ALROK I
SULFURIC-CHR OMIC ACID
<)ETCHED 90SEC, HOT SOLUTION OF ALROK IZ
SULFURIC- CIIKOMIC ACID
60

50 ~
\ \
~ 40 'l::i) ~
X '\~
~ r--......n
30
'
LOWERJ l<ib.:.
~~
"'If .....:_ ~ RT

~-J ~.gQ
BOUND
zo
R = -1

11J 4
10 106 107 108 109
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.0561 ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE BEHAVIOR AT ROOM \ ..... -

TEMPERATURE FOR BARE ROD AND FOR VARIOUS
PRETREATMEN TS AND COATINGS.
(56, p. ZS)

Z40
.1 AI-5.6Zn-Z.5M g-1.6Cu-0.3Cr
0. ZS IN DIA BAR
~-+ 7.Z5PER- TG CONDITION
-

v- -
CENT
zoo t 4. 5 PERCENT

- - v.! Z. 9PERCENT .1
160 ~
~
- .. ..,..
rv-
t I.SSPERCENT

~-
I. ZOPERCENT -
t 0. 79PER-
..-.
::. ~.625 PERCENT~CENT
= .a.

::: ... - ...+.536

I PERCENT
STRAIN- CINTROLLED CICLING, R. -I

0 FATIGUE FAIWRE
POINTS ARE AVG OF SEVERAL SPECIMENS
40

RT

10 100 1000 10,000

CYCLES

FIG. 3. 0571 VARIATION OF STRESS WITH CYCLES REQUIRED

TO MAINTAIN CONSTANT STRAIN RANGE AT
ROOM TEMPERATUR E OF ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION.
(52, p. I6)
.<f""
 HIYY I
REVISEDMARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

I ,
'-~/

A1-5. 6Zn-Z. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

0. 25 IN DIA BAR AI
~ -
0.1 T6 CONDITION
~
5.6 Zn
a: -~ 2.5 Mg
1-l
p. ';a 1.6 Cu
z.... . 04

1-l
0
z .oz ~~.6' = o.65W 73 + .o39N- 146
0.3 Cr

~ A~ 7075
~ . 01
~ ~
-........ r-
f-<
Ill
..1
~.004
0
-.
STRAIN CONTROLLED
f-< RT
R = -1
ooz

001
10
CYCLES TO FAILURE, N

FIG. 3. 057Z STRAIN CYCLING FATIGUE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

FOR ALLOY IN T6 CONDITION.
(55, Fig. 30)

Al-5. 6Zn-Z. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr

1/4 IN D1A BAR FROM ROD

zo 0
T6 CONDITION
....
~r-

~ 160
yl
1-l
0
~ 120 l ~(51)
(52)

~
~ 80
Ill
REVERSED STRAIN
CYCLING 70F
R = -1
40

1/
. 02 04 06 . 08 .10 .12 .14
STRAIN RANGE - IN PER IN
FIG. 3. 0573 CYCLIC STRESS-STRAIN CURVE FOR BAR IN T6
CONDITION.
(51)(52)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

~ I
150
Al-5. 6Zn-Z. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
AI Q~ 1/4 INDIA BAR FROM ROD
__ _, r.
5.6 Zn ::::>E:-o
!:l
100 r T6 CONDITION
A
----~-----
---
2S Mg ;::;;p. 80
< s.f~ CONTRoLko ~Yc LING
1.6 Cu 60 .... (51) SLOPE m =0.10 --

U)
U)
~ RT (52) SLOPE m =0.11
0.3 Cr c:: R = -1
E:-o
U)

~
40 I I I I
7075 ::::>
c:: I AVO CY~ LIC ~TRAIIN HARDENIN~ EXPONENT ~ 0.!05
E:-o
004 006 0I . OZ 04 06
TRUE PLASTIC STRAIN-IN PER IN

FIG. 3. 0574 TRUE-S:rRESS VS TRUE PLASTIC STRAIN IN REVERSED

S'fRAIN CYCLING SHOWING AN AVERAGE CYCLIC
STRAIN HARDENING EXPONENT OF 0,105.
(51)(52)
40~-------------,----------------~----------------~------------, 100
Al-5. 6Zn-2. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-0, 3Cr
Al-5. 6Zn-2. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr T6 CONDITION

----
ROD
EXTRUSIONS, t< 3 IN

--
T6 CONDITION 8

.......

60
,.__
BAR
~
t'3IN
-..............

40 -- ------

z0
RT
COMPRESSION

0
10 10 7 0 2 4 6 8 10
CYCLES TO FAILURE 1000 KSI

FIG. 3. 0581 TORSIONAL SHEAR FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF ROD FIG. 3. 062 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COM-
IN T6 CONDITION AT ROOM TEMPERATURE. PRESSION FOR BAR AND EXTRUSIONS
(58 T"ble III) IN TG CONDITION AT ROOM TEMPERA-
TURE.
(13, p. 87, BPi
AI-5.6Zn-2. 5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr
SHEET AND BAR
T6 CONDITION
12 IOOr-A~I--5~.~6~Z-n--Z-.~5-M-g---I-.6~C-u--~0-.3-C~r--~
.... , '~ SHEET
SHEEi' ...._ STATIC

10
0. 250 IN(35)
r-.-.. TO CONDITION

0
g 8
~ ~
BAR

~ I.Of-------b~~~~~---r----~

\
~

:::1
b

i\
(I 8 )BAR
.. (17)

4 I
-400 -zoo 0 zoo 400 600 soo 300 350 400 450
TEMP- F TEMP- F

FIG. 3. 061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES. FIG. 4.0I3 RELATIONSHIP OF HOLDING
(17, p. 517) TIME TO FORMING TEMPERA- ...,..
(18, p. 3) TURES FOR SHEET IN T6
(35) COND11'ION.
1'?7. n_ 1'\'\\
 AIWT
REVISEDMARC H 1968 NONFERRO US ALLOYS

4 r-----------~----------~
Al-5. 6Zn-2. SMg-1. 6Cu-0,3Cr
0. 064 IN SHEET
REFERENCES
AI

-. 1.
2.
AMS 403BA, (1966)
AMS 4044C, (1964)
5.6
2.5
Zn
Mg
3. AMS 4046C, (1964) 1.6 Cu
4. AMS 41220, (1966)
5. AMS 4123C, (1966) 0.3 Cr
6. AMS 4139F, (1956)
7. AMS 41540, (1967)
B. AMS 4168A,, (1963) 7075
9. AMS 4169B, 1963
10. AMS 4170, (1954)
11. Alcoa Aluminum Handbook, (1962)
1~. Aluminum Association, "Standards for Wrought
100 200 300 400 Aluminum Mill Producta", (Sept 1965)
TEMP- F 13. ANC-5, ''Strength of Metal Aircraft Elements", (March
1955)
FIG. 4. 0142 EFFECT OF FORMING TEM- 14. Alcoa Research Laboratories. "Data Sheet", (Sept.
PERATURE ON BEND FACTOR 9, 1957)
IN RUBBER FORMING OF 15. Howell, F. M. and Stickley, G. W. , "Isochronous
SHEET IN 0 AND T6 CONDI- Stress Strain Curves for Several Heat Treated Wrought
TIONS. Aluminum Alloys at 300 and 400F", Alcon Research
(28, p. 481) Laboratories, Mechanical Testing Division,
(April 29, 1958)
16. Lazan, B.J. and Blatherwick, A.A., "Fatigue
Properlles of Aluminum Alloys at Various Direct Stress
Ratios", WADC-TR 52-307, Pt. 2, (1952)
17. Zambrow, J. L. and Fontain, M.G., "Mechanical
Properties, Including Fatigue of Aircraft Alloys at
Very Low Temperatures", Transactions of ASM, Vol.
41, (1949)
lB. Ai.-,oa Sales Development Division, "Alcoa Alloy X-2020~'
(Sept. 1. 1958)
19. I.J.Jcks, C. F. and Deem, 11. W. , "Thermal Properties
of Thirteen Metals", ASTM STP No 227, (1958)
20. Alcoa Research Laboratories, Data Sheets, "Typical
Tensile Stress Strain Curves for 7075 T6,
(Dec. 20, 1957)
21. North American Aviation Inc., "Data Sheets", AL 2604
22. Howell, F.M. and lllillerJ. L., "Axial Stress Fatigue
Strengths of Several Structural Aluminum Alloys",
Proc. ASTM, Vol. 55, (1955)
23. American Society for Metals, "Metals Handbook",
7th Edition, (1948)
24. Sachs, G., Espey. G. and Kasik, G. B., "Correlation
of Information Avallable on the Fabrication of
Aluminum Alloys". Sec. IV. Pt. V, National Defensr
0.95
Al-5.6Zn-2.5Mg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr Research Comm., (Sept. 15. 1944).
TG CONDITION 25. Alcoa Research Laboratories, "Data Sheet",

- r--- ~ --.........!
(Sept. ll, 1956)
26. Aul, E.L., Dana. F.W. and Sachs, G., "Tension

---
400F Properties of Aluminum Alloys In the Presence of
0,90
r>: Stress Raisers''. NACA TN I93l, Pt. II,
...0u
<
1-- -..........
FORMING TEMP. 300F
27.
(March 1949)
Kaiser Aluminum Corp., "Sheet and Plate, Product
t.. Information", (1953)
:.:
u 0,85
... 28. Sachs, G. and Espey, G., "Forming of the Aluminum
Alloy 755", Transactions of AMS, Vol 37, p. 468,

~
<al (1946)
0 29. General Dynamics, ''Compilation of Materials Itesearch
z
~
Data, 4th Quarterly Progress Report", Rep.AE62-0138-
ii! 3. (March 1962)
D.
Ul 0,80 30. Hepublle Aviation Corp., "Compilation of Unpublished

~
Materials Wormallon, 2nd Quarterly Heport", Rep. No.
RAC-357-1, (Oct. 12 1961)
31. Chance Vought Corp., "Mechanical Properties of Some

0,75
' Engineering Mntcrlals - Unpublished Data from Company
Sponsored Programs -4th Quarterly Report -Vol, 1,
4 5 6 7 8 Phase 1", Rep No 2-531420/2R373, (March 15, 1962)
BEND FACTOR- r/t 32. Favor, R.J., Gideon, D.N. Grover, H.J., Hayes,
J. E., and McClure, G. M., ''Investigation of Fatigue
FIG. 4. 0143 EFFECT OF FORMING TEMPERATURE 0:>1 Behavior of Certain Alloys In the Temperature Range
SPRINGBACK OF SHEET IN T6 CONDITION. Room Temperature to -423F", WADD TR 61-132,
(28, p. 479) (June 1961)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS
33. Powers, R. W., et al, "The Thermal Conductivity of
Metals and Alloys at Low Temperatures, Part ID",
AI Technical Report 264-9, Ohio State University
Research Foundation, (1951). As quoted by R. L.
Powell and W.A. Blnnplld In NBS Circular 556, (1954)
2.5 Mg 34. Schwartzberg, F .R., et al, "Cryogenics Materials
Data Handbook", Martin Company, Denver, Colorado,
1.6 Cu ML-TDR 64-280, (Aug. 1964)
35. Christian, J.L. and Watson, J.F., "Properties of
0.3 Cr 7000 Series Aluminum Alloys at Cryogenic
'Temperatures", Acivnnces In Cryogenic Engineering
Vnl. 6, (1960, p 604)
7075 36. Warren, K.A. and Reed, R.P., "Tensile and !mpact
Properties of Selected Materials from 20 to 300K",
Monograph 63, National Bureau of Standards, (1963)
37. Schwartzberg, F.R. ,and Keyes, R.D. ,"Mechanical
Properties of Alpha Titanium Alloy at C ryogcnlc
Temperatures", Proc. ASTM, Vol. 62, (1962, p 816)
38. Hanson, M.P., cl al, "Sharp Notch Behavior of Some
High Strenglh Sheet Aluminum Alloys and Welded Joints
at 75, -320 and -423F" ASTM STP 287, (1960)
39. Sprelnak, J. W., et al, "Notched and Unnotched Tensile
and Fatigue Properties of Ten Engineering Alloys at
25C and 196F" Trans ASTM, Vol43, (1951, p 547)
40. Fontana, Ill. G., "Investigation of Mechanical
Properties and Physical Metallurgy of Aircraft Alloys
at Vor~; Low Temperatures", WADC TR 5662,
Part II, Ohio State University Research Foundation,
(Oct. J948)
41. Zambrow, J. L. and Fontana, M.G., "Mechanical
Properties, Including Fatigue, of Aircraft Alloys at
Very Low Temperatures", Trans ASM, Vol. 41,
(1949, p. 480)
42. Belton, J.H., ct al, "Materials for Usc at Liquid
Hydrogen Temperature", (ASTM STP 287, p 108)
43. Gideon, D.N., et al, "Investigation of Notch Fatigue
Behavior of Certain Alloys In the Temperature Range
of Room Temperature to -423F", ASD TOR 62-351,
Battelle Memorial institute, (April 1962)
44. Johnston, H.L. and Brooks, H.E., "lmpactStrcngth
of Various Metals at Temperatures Down to 200
Absolute", Technical Report 264-17, Ohio State
University Research Foundation, (May 1952)
45. Brooks, H.E. and Johnston, ll.L., '11ardness of
Various Metals at Temperatures Down to 200 Absolute",
Technical Report 264-20, Ohio State University
Research Foundation, (May 1952)
46. Military Handbook -5, "Metallic Materials and l::lcments
for Flight Vehicle Structures", Department of Defense,
FSC 1500, (August 1962)
47. Schwartzl.Jcrg, F .R., ct a!, "Determination of Low
Temperature Fatigue Properties of Aluminum and
Titanium Alloys", Annual Summary Report, Martin
Company, Denver, Colorado, (July 1963) Prepared
under NASA Contract NAS 8-2631
48. Mohr, P. L., et al, "Alcoa Alloy 7075-T73" Alcoa
Green Letter, Aluminum Company of America,
(Aug. 1965)
49. Sessler, John and Weiss, Volker, "Materials Data
Handbook, Aluminum Alloy 7075", Contract No.
NAS-8-11345 (NASA), (Aug 1966)
50. Pritchard, II. R., "Stress Corrosion Tests on
Commercial and lllgh Purity Grade 7075-TG
Aluminum Alloy", Frankford Arsenal, Memo Report
1\165-17-1 (l\lay 1965)
51. Private Communications, NASA to MPDC,
(Nov. 1967)
52. Endo, T., and Morrow, JoDean, "Cyclic Stress-Strain
and Fatigue Behavior of Representative Aircraft
Metals", presented at the 70th Annual Meeting of
ASTM, Boston, lllassachusets, (June 1967)
53. Smith, C.R., "Factors To Be Considered In
Predicting Cumulative Fatigue Damage In Full Scale
Structures", Presented to the Society for Experimen-
tal Stress Analysis, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,
(May 1967)
REVISED MARCH 1968
54. Alcoa Research Laboratories, Data Sheets, (Aug. 1962)
55.
Manson, S.S. and Illrscbberg, M.U., "Fatigue
Behavior In Strain Cycling In the Low and Intermediate
Cycle Range", chapter In book, "Fatigue, An
Interdisciplinary Approach",
Edited by Burke, J.J., Reed, N.C., and
Weiss, Syracuse University Press, (1964, pp 133-173)
56. Stickley, G. W. and Lyst, J.O., "Effects of Several
Coatings on Fatigue Strenglhs of Some Wrought
Aluminum Alloys, ASTM Journal of Materials, Vol. 1,
No 1, (March 1966)
57. Hudson, C. Michael and Scardina, Joseph T., "Effect
of Stress Ratio on Fatigue Crack Growth In 7075-T6
Aluminum Alloy Sheet", NASA prcprlnt of paper
presented In Bethlehem, Pa., at NationaiSymposlum
on Fracture l\lechanlcs, (June 1967)
58. Stickley, G.W. and Lyst, J.O., "Strength Relation-
ships of Aluminum In Fatigue", Product Engineering,
(Nov. 9, 1964)
59. Kiefer, T. F. , ct al, ''Determination of Low Temper-
ature Fatigue Properties of Structurall\lctsl Alloys",
Final Report, Martin Company, Denver, Colorado,
October 1965. Prepared under NASA Contract
NAS8-ll300.
GO. The Aluminum Association, "Standards for Wrought
Aluminum Products, 8th Edition, (Sept 1965)
61. Lyst, J.O., "Variations In Fatigue Properties of
Aluminum Alloys 2014-T6,7075-T6, and 7079-T6
with Respect to Direction ofWorking'',Proc. ASTI\1,
Vol 64, (1964 ,p 581)
62. Wang, D. Y. , "Effect of Stress Ratio on Fatigue Crack
Growth and Mode of Fracture In 2024 -T4 and 7075-T6
Aluminum Alloys In the Low Cycle Range",
AFML-TR-66-216, (Dec. 1966)
63. "Alcoa Product Data-specifications", Section A12A
Aluminum Company of America, (July 1963)
64. "1965 SAE Handbook", Society of Automotive Engineers,
1965 "-~-.
65. SAE Aerospace Materials Specifications", Society of
Automotive Engineers, (Feb 1965 Index)
66. "Index of Specifications and Standards", Department of
Defense, Part I, Alphabetical Usting, and Part ll,
Numerical Ustlng, September 1964, Supplemented
(March 1965)
67. "Ughl Metals and Alloys", ASTM Standards, Part 6,
(Oct 1965)
68. Spr:>wls, D.O. and Brown, R.ll., ''Resistance of
Wrought High Strength Aluminum Alloys to Stress
Corrosion", Alcoa Research Laboratories,
Technical Paper No 17. (1962)
69. M.H. Jones, NASA LcwlsRcsearchCcnter,
Cleveland, Ohio, Unpublished Results.
70. Hanuon, M.P., Stickley, G.W. and Richards, Jl.T.
"ShaJ1l Notch Behavior of Some 111gb Strength Sheet
Aluminum Alloys and Welded Joints at 75, -320 and
-423F, "ASTI\1 STP No 287, (1960)
71. Unpublished results obtained by Subcommittee I on
111gb Strength llletalllc Materials of ASTM Committee
E-24 on Fracture Testing of Metals, from an
Interlaboratory test program carried out to gain
experience with the test methods proposed In the
Commlllce's draft"Recommended Practice for Plane
Strain Fracture Toughness Testing of lllgh Strength
lllctalllc Materials Using a Fatigue Cracked Bend
Specimen".
72. Kaufman, J.G., Nelson, F.G. andllolt, M.,
"Fracture Toughness of Aluminum Alloy Plate
Determined with Center-Notch Tension, Single Edge
Notch Tension and Notch-Bend Tests", Presented at
the National Symposium on Fracture Mechanics,
Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania,
(June 20, 1967)
73. Jones, 111.11., Fisher, D. M. and Brown, w. F. Jr.,
"Progress Report on NASA-NRL Cooperative Fracture
Testing Program", Prepared for ASTM E-24
Committee Subcommittee I, (January 23, 1967)
74. To be published, ASTM Standards: Physical and
Mechanical Testing of Metals; Nondestructive Tests,
 AIWT
REVISEOoMARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

1. GBNBRAL 2, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PR.OPBRTIBS

In order to improve tbe corrosion resistance of 7fJ15 AI
sheet, strip and plate, these are clad with a low zinc 2.01 Thennal Properties
alloy, 7fJ12. This imparts to Clad 7fJ15 a corrosion 2.013 Thennal conductivity. 75.1 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F), 5.5 Zn
resistance equal to that of pure aluminum, although 2.014 Thennal expansion. 0 Condition, 12.9 x 10"6 In per ln per
overheating lnipatrs thlr protective covering. The F. T6 Condition, 13. I x 10-6 ln per In per F. 2,5 Mg
cladding reduces the strength of 7075 by about 5 percent, 2.015 Specific best. 0. 73 Btu per (lb F);
but Improves tbe formability to a slight extent. There-
1.6 Cu
fore; only complementary and additional Information to 2.02 Other Physical Properties 0.3 Cr
that presented for 7fJ1S Is given below. This Information 2.021 Density. 0.10llb per cu In, 2. 80 gr per cu em.
In turn also applies to bar, sheet, strip and plate of the
unclad alloy with the exceptions noted below. CLAD 7075
3. MECHANICAL PR.OPBRTIBS
1. 01 Commercial Designation. Clad 7fJ15,
3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
1.02 Alternate Designations. Alclad 7fJ15, Clad 75 S, 3.011 Design properties. See MILHDBK-5.
Alclad 75 S (all obsolete). 3.012 AMS specified mechanical properties for tapered sheet
and plate, Table 3. 012.
1. 03 Specifications. Table I. 03.
TABLE 3.012

AMS
TABLE I 03
Form Military ource - AMS 3
4039 Plate T65! Condition !Alloy Al-5. 5Zn-2. 5MJr:-l. 6Cu-<l 3Cr
4046 Sheet, plate T6 Condition, Clad 1 side Form Taoered Rhf!f!t and nlotP
~otxlltlon T6
4047 B Sheet, plate, roll tapered, T6 Condition
4048 c Sheet, plate, 0 Condition 0.040 0.188 0.500
4049 c Sheet, plate, T6 Condition to to to
tJnlcknesa - In 0.187 0.499 1:.0()9
1. 04 Composition. Table 1. 04. Ftu' min -ksl 72 75 77
~i min -ksl 62 64 66
lu), min-percent 8 8 6
TABLE L04
1 ::,ource AMS 1)(2 3X4K5
Core Cladding
;!.013 Aluminum Association specified mechanical properties
Percent Percent for 0 Cnnd!Uon. Table 3. 0!3
Min Max Min Max
Copper
Magnesium
1.2
2.1
2.0
2.9
--0.!0
0.10
S:lurce
TABLE3.01:l
l~_n_:l~\

Manganese
Iron
-- 0.30
o. 7
-- 0.10
lloy
Cotxlltlon
Al-5. SZn-2. 5M~r-l. 6Cu-D. 3Cr
0
Silicon
Zinc
-
5.1
0.50
6.1 0.8
-
0.7
J 1.3
0.008 0.015. 0.063 0.188
to to to to
Chromium
Titanium
0.!8
-
0.40
0.20
-- -
-
.hlckness - 1 n
~.;lad
Thickness
0.014 0.062 0.187 0.499

Other Impurities Percent per side 4 4 2 1/2 1 1/2

each
total
-
-
0.05
0.15
-- 0.05
0.15
Ftu' max
F , max
- ksl
- ksl
36
20
36
20
38
20
39
21

. Aluminum Ba ance
The nominal cladding thickness Is between
percent of the total thickness o~ each side,
Bal nee
4 and I. 5
depending o~
e(~ In), min-percent 9 10 10 10
For thlcknes or plate <: 0. 500 Inch properties are the same
as core materU.:; see 7075.
the total thickness of the produ:t. Cladding thicknesses 4 percent clad thickness for plate thickness over 0. 063 In Is obso-
greater than 4 percent are obsolete. lete and Is only shown for lnformatioo.

3.014 Aluminum Association specified mechanical properties for

1.05 Heat Treatment. Clad 7fJ15 Is heat treated under the T6 and T65! Condition, Table 3. 014.
same conditions as 7fJ15, but the shortest heat treatment
time, conslstant with securing the required properties, TABLE 3.014
should be used, Prolonged lleatlng or repeated reheat Source (6,p.35)
treatments, which cause diffusion of alloying clements Alloy Al-5.5Zn-2.5M~r-!.6Cu-o.3cr Clad
Into the coating and Impair the resistance to corrosion, Form Sheet and plate
should be avoided, See Clad 2024 also, Condition T6 and T651
0.008 0.012 0. 040" 0 0.063 0.188
1. 06 Hardenabillty. See 7fJ15. o.tr\'39 o.t.f99 o.tr87
iThlchess - In ln.\f1 o.t.f99
Clad Thickness-% 4 4 4 2 1/2
I 1/2
1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
F , mln-ksl 68 70 72 73 75
1.071 Alloy Is available In the full commercial range of sizes
Ftu, mln-ksl 58 60 62 63 64
for sheet, strip and plate.
1.072 Alloy Is available In the 0, T6 and T651 Co~ltlons. eli In), mln-perce 5 7 I? 8 8
For thickness of plate > 0. 500 luch properties are the aame
1. 08 Melting and Casting Practice, Sec 2024 and Clad 2024. as core material, see 7075.

1.09 Special Considerations 4 percent clad thickness for plate thickness O'ler 0. 0~ ln la obso-
I. 091 BUect of directionality on stress strain curves for sheet lete and Is only shown for Information.
and plate, In T6 Condition, Fig. I. 091.
1.092 Prolonged heating or repeated reheat treatments cause 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature. See 3, 03
d!Uuslon of alloying elements into the coating and impair also.
the resistance to corrosion. Sec Clad 2024. 3.021 Typical mechanical propo!rtles, Table 3, 021.
r
I
!
!
AIWT
i NONFERROUS ALLOYS REV I SEDtUFfCH 1963
!
TABLE 3 021 100
AI t::.:n~rce 7,p.26 -~
Al-5. 5Zn-2. 5Mg-l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr CLAD
Form Wrnuml nrndn~r.; 0, 016 TO 0. 499 IN SHBBT, PLATE
5.5 Zn Con:litloa 0 T6 T6COND
typ- ksl 32
2.5 Mg Ftu'
typ - ksl 14
76
67
80
;ty

~
t)'p- kat 22
1.6 Cu au' 46 T
e(2 In), typ - percent 17 11
0.3 Cr ~ ~L T

v
60

CLAD 7075
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperawres
3.031 Short time tension properties

/
3.0311 Complete stress strain cures for sheet In 0 and T6
Conditions at room and ele-iated temperatures, Fig. 3.0311.
3.0312 Stress strain curves for sheet In T6 Condition at room
and elevated temperatures, Fig. 3, 0312. 20
3.0313 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile /
properties of sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3, 0313. / --TBNSION
3.032 Short time properties other than tension _COMPRESSION
[//
3.0321 Stress strain curves In compression for sheet In T6 0 I
Condition at room and elevated temperatures, Fig, 0 0.002 0.004 0,006 0.008 0.010
3,0321,
3.0322 Effect of exposure and test temperature on compressive STRAIN - JN PBR JN
yield strength of sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3, 0322. FIG. :. 0~1 EFFECT r)F DIRECTIONALITY ON STRESS
3.0323 Effect of exposure and test temperature on bearing S";'RAJN CURVES FOR SHEET AND PLATE IN
properties of sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3, 0323, T6 CONDITION (9, p. 84)
3.0324 rur..ct of exposure and test temperaiUre on shear Strength
of sheet In T6 Condition, Fig, 3. 0324.

3, 04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties

3.041 Creep and creep rupture curves for sheet In T6
Condiaon at 300 F, Fig. 3, 041
3.042 Short time total strain curves for sheet In T6 Condition 90
at 300 to 600 F, F lg, 3, 042, COND T Al-5, SZn-2. 5Mg~l. 6Cu-O. 3Cr CLAD
3.043 Master curves for 0, 5 percent total strain and creep --T6,L 0.064 IN SHEET
rup!Ure for sheet In T6 Condition, Fig. 3, 043, ---0, T
100 F
80 --
3.05 Fatigue Properties. Table 3, OS
~
.....
I--- ,_. 200F
TABLB 3 05
~ L--- ~

-"'
70
"""rce 8,p.l42)
orm
t:ondt:lon
Temp Method ~tress Stress
Sheet
T6
Fatigue Strength - kat
71: 2SOP

F Concen- at Cycles
60
!Ratto
1.\TR tratlon 10s lto6 l107 ltnS ISxloB
RT Rot .. 1-1 Smooth
~ JC I 29 lzo Its 113 112.5 50

3.06 Blnstic Properties, See Clad 2024 also.

3.061 Tangent modulus curves In compression for sheet and
plate In T6 Condition at room temperawre, FIR:. 3, 061,
3,062 Tangent modulus curves In cnmprcsslon !or sheet In
._--- --- --- RT
---
T6 Cnndltlon at room and elevated temperawres, Fig.
3.062. 30
/ -
---- ---
/' 3001'
4. FABRICATION I 1--- 1---

4. 01 Forming at>:l Casting

20
,I-
-
4. 011 Relationship of holding time to forming temp.oratures !or I
sheet In T6 Con:lltlon, Fig. 4. 011.
10
I
:
I
I TBN!ON
0
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.0$ 0.10 0.12
S7RA1N - JN PBR JN
FIG. 3. UJI I COMPLETE SI'RESS STRAIN CURVES FOR.SHEET IN 0 AND
T6 CONDITIONS AT ROOM AND ELEVATBDTBMPERATURES
(10, Fig. 19, 20)
 AIWT
R EVISED MARCH 1963 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

70;-----.----,~~~----~------------ Ar.-S.SZn2.SMg-1.6Cu-0.3Cr CLAD

AI-S.SZn-2.5Mg-1.6Cu-0.3Cr CLAD
0. 064 1N SHBBT AI
0.0641N SHE
T6COND 70 r---~t---~IL----4-----~--~T~6-~0~ND~~ 5.5 Zn
2.5 Mg
1.6 Cu
0.3 Cr

CLAD 7075

_.or---~~~--1~--~~
fi2

0.008
FIG. 3.0312 STRESS STRAIN CURVES FOR SHEI!T IN T6 CONDITION
AT ROOM AND ELBVATEDTEMPER!1TORES
(12, p. 169, 174) PIG. 3. 0321 S1RBSS STRAIN CURVES 1N COMPRESSION POR SHBBT
1N T6 CONDmON AT ROOM AND BLBVATBD TBMPBR-
ATURBS (12, p.l75180)

80
15. SZn-2. SMg-1. 6CuO. 3CrCLA
0. 064 IN SHBBT
T6COND

80 AI-5. szn-2. SMg-1. 6Cu-o. 3CrC

0. 064 1N SHEET
T6COND

12

i: 20
IL

() 0
0 0

FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF EXPOSUREANDTEST FIG. 3.0322 EFFECT OF IDCPOSURE AND

TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PRO TEST TBMPERATURI! ON COM-
PERTIES OF SHEET IN T6 CONDI- PRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH
TION OF SHEET IN Tfl CONDITION
(i2, p.t\:Z\(13, p. 52)(14, !' 27)
(12, p.IOI)(I3, p. S2Xl4, p. 29, 3G)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVJS EDMA RCH 1963

i
BOr-------r-~~~z-n-~2~.5~M~g--~l.~~~u--~O.~lC~r~C-L~
AI "'''-'
0. 064 IN SHBBT
5.5 Zn T6COND
2.5 Mg
1.6 Cu
0.3 Cr
CLAD 7075

tor------+--~~~------+-----~
8

PIG. 3.. 0323 BPPBCT OF BXPOIIURB AND TBST

TBMPBRATURB ON BBARING PROPB&-
TIBS OF SHBBT IN T6 coNDJriO N
(12, p.I03)(13 , p. 52}(!4, p. 25)

~r-~~~~~~~~~
5. 5Zn-2. 5Mg-l. ~u-o.ler CL
3/16 IN SHBBT
.T6COND

6
HEATING RATB
45 TO 100 P PER MIN TheRMA L HXP INCLUDED
4
0 0,001 0.01 0.1
0 10
TIME -HR.
TBMP- i'
PIG. 3.00 SHORT TIME TOTAL STRAIN CURVBS FOR
PIG. 3, 0324 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AND SHBBT IN T6 CONDm ON AT 300 TO 600 P
TBST TEMPRR A'ruRB ON SHBAR
(16, p. 3841)
STRENGTH OF SHBET IN T6 CON-
AIS. SZn-2. SMg-1. ~u-O.ler CI.AD
omaN (12,p.l04 )(13,r.5Z ) 80

-~
"HBET
T6 CON[
60,.- ---.., ----- .---- --.
AIS. SZn-2. SMg-1. 6Cu-O. 3Cr CLAD 60
SHBBT
T6COND
..... .....
o.5lf> ' \~
20
...........
20
TOTAL STRAIN
,
RUP'IURB
I% CREEP T"''"BMP. F '\
O.Slf,Cr..nBP
t-TIMB. HR
'
10
I 10
TIME- HR
100

FIG. 3.041 CREEPA NDr:RBE PRUPTU RB

CURVES FOR SHEBT IN T6
1000
10
12 14 16
(T + 460)(20 +LOG t)

FIG. 3,043 MASTSR CURVBS POR 0,5 PERCEN T TOTAL

18
x 10-3 "' 20

CONDITION AT 300F STRAIN AND CREEP RUYrURB FoR SHBBT IN

(IS,p. 5) T6COND mON
(15, p. 8)
 80
Al-5.5Zn-2.5Mg-!.6Cu-0.3C r CLAD 60
0. 016 TO 0. 499 IN SHEE'r,PLATB Al-5. 6Zn-2.5Mg-1. 6Cu-o. 3Cr AI
'::::: ~ T6COND
0.064 IN CLAD SHEET
860 TO 870 F,20 MIN, WQ/ 5.5 Zn
60 -T --.........

--....: 50 2.5 Mg

~
L /
~
1.6 Cu
40 0.3 Cr
FTY / -32f
-
CLAD 7075
20 I /

v
30
'

/
COMPRBSSION

0
0 2 4
IOOOKSI
RT

6 8 10
'
I
11
20
OF

FIG. 3,0b1 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION FOR 0.1 10 !00 1000 IQ. 000
SHEET AND PLATE IN T6 CONDmON AT ROOM TEM- AGII'll TIME - HR
PERATURE (9, p. 84)
FIG. 4. 011 RELATIOJ:I5HIP OF HOLDII'll TIME TO FORMII'll
TEMPERATURES FOR SHEET IN T6 CONDITION
(17)

REFERENCES

I AMS 4039, (April 30, 1960)

2 AMS 1046, Qan. 15, 1961)
3 AMS f057 B, Qan. !5, !957)
4 AMS 4048 C, (Aug.15, 1958)
5 AMS 4049 C,(Aug.\5,1958)
6 Aluminum Assoclatloo, "Standards for Wrought Aluminum Mill
Products", 4th Bdltl'ln, (Aug. 1961)
7 Alcoa Aluminum Handbook, (1959)
8 Reynolds Metal Co., "The Aluminum Data B:>ok, "(1958)
9 Department of Defense, "Strength of Metal Aircraft Elements,"
ANC-5, (March 1955)
10 Sachs, G., Espey, G., and Kasik, G. B., "Correlation of lnformatloo
Avallab!e on the Fabrication of Aluminum Alloys, "Sect. IV, Pt. V,
National Defense Research Co:nmlttee, (Sept. 15, 1944)
'II Achha~l1, W. P., Favor, R.J. and Hyler, W. S, ; Materials-Proper-
ty-Design Criteria for Met~ls," Pt. VI, WADC TR SS-150,
(Oct. 1957)
12 IJo.>rr, D. D., "Determination of Pnyslcal Properties of Nol-
Fcrrous Structural Sheet Materials at Elevated Temperatures",
Pt. I, AFTR 6517,(Dec.!951)
13 Miller, D. E., "Dctermlnatloo ol Pnyslcal Propenles of Ferrous
and Non-Ferro~s S~ructural Sbeet Materlal9 at Elevated Temper-
atures", Pt.3, AF TR 6517, Oune 1954)
14 Mlller, D. E., "Determination of the Tensile, Ce>:npresslve and
Bearing Properties of Ferrous and Noo-FerrC>Us Structural Sheet
Materials at Elevated Temp.=ratures", Pt.5, AF TR 65!7,
(De-:. 1957)
IS Hyler, W.S. and Crov'!r; H.J., "Materials-Property-Design
Criteria for Metals, "P<.2, WADCTR 55-150,(No'l. 1955)
16 VanBcho,J.A., Gu\1011, D. V., B!lster,J. R. and Simmons, W. F.,
FIG. 3,062 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSION FOR "Short-Time Creep Properties ol S~ructural Sheet Materials
SHEBT IN T6 CONDITION AT ROOM AND I!LBVATBD for Aircraft and Missiles", Pt.4, AFTR 6731,Qan.1956)
TI!MPI!RATURI!S (12, p.\85-189) 17 No:k an:l Wooll, !roo Age, Vol.!59, (194i)

CODE 3208
PAGE 5
 --- -- -- ---
WILLIAM F. BROWN, JR.

1. GENERAL 1.059 Special stress relief treatment. Freshly quenched part

This alloy Is a heat-treatab le high strength alloy con-
Is cooled in Uquld nitrogen and then subjected to high
talnlng Zn, Cu and Mg or hardeners. It Is somewhat
inferior in strength to 7075 in the fully hardened
velocity steam blast on all surfaces and then aged. Thi e AI
method will reduce residual quenching stresses without
condition; however, 1t has deeper hardenabillt y than
7075 and will provide more uniform properties in very
appreciable loss in strength. It 1s as yet not used in 4 Zn
production but should be helpful where the part
heavy sections. Corrosion resistance as measured by
conventiona l smooth teste show 1t to be about equal to
can not be stress relieved by the conventional stretch- 3 Mg
ing process(38) .
7075. In common with other high strength aluminum 0.6
alloys, the ductlllty in heavy sections Is low and the
Cu
1.06 Hardness
short transverse direction in plate has poor stress
corrosion resistance. The fracture toughness appears
Th!s alloy has a highet hardenab!Ut y than the other 0.2 Cr
aluminum alloys and fUlly hardens in the T6 Condition
to be about the same as 7075 at the same yield strength to 8 inch thickness.
level. Both crack propagation resistance and smooth 1.061 Hardness in T6 Condition. 145 Brlnell. 7079AJ
ductillty of sheet decrease at subzero temperature s. The
alloy Is primarily used in atrcraft and aerospace hard- 1.07 Forms r.nd Conditions Available
ware where high strength in heavy sections Is desired 1.071 Alloy 1s available in the full commerctal range of sizes
and no welding Is required. for plate: extruded rod, bar, and shapes; forging
stock (5).
1.01 Commercia l Designation 1.072 J\lloy Is available in 0, T6, T651, T6510 and T6511
7079 Conditions (5).
1.073 Alloy 1s also avnilahlo as clad sheet in the T6 Condition.
1.02 Alternate Designations
Aluminum 7079, 79S (obsolete). 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice
Electric furnace melted alloy "pig" is made by addition
1.03 Spoclflcatlo ns of alloying elements to m"lten pure aluminum. Tbe
Table 1.03, alloy is cast into ingote for further processing.

TABLE 1.03 1.09 Special ConsideratiGns

AMS Form MUitery See also 2. 03, 3. 02712 and Co~e 3207. The harden-
Federal
ability of this alloy is sufficient to permit application in
4138 Forgings (T6 Condition)
very heavy sections (e. g. 13 l::.ch diameter forgings,
4024A Plate (T651 Condition) MIL-A-8877 Figure 3. 0213) and in this res;:ect it is superior to other
4136 Forgings (T611 Condition) QQ-A-367 high strength aluminum alloys. However, the strength
4171A Extrusions (T6 Condition) MIL-A-8825 near the surface of heavy forgings may be higher than
that of the interior due to the greater amount of mechan-
1.04 Composition Ical working received by material near the surface (see
Table 1.04 Figure 3, 0315). This gradient in worked material is
TABLE 1.01 also reflected in lower notch properties near the surface
Source (see Figure 3, 03712). This alloy has relatively low
AMS (1)(2)(3)(4)
cl'!ICk propagation resistance in the fully heat treated
Percent condition. It would appear that some Improvemen t in
Min Max crack propagation resiHtance with a sacrifice in smooth
tensile strength can be obtained by under or overaglng
Chromium 0.10 0,25 (see Figure 3. 02712).
Copper 0.40 0.80 As characterist ic of high strength aluminum alloys, the
Iron
Magnesium
- 0.40 short transverse direction of plate has relatively low
2.9 3.7 notch strength (see Table 3. 02713) and poor fracture
Manganese 0.10 0.3(\ toughness (see Table 3. 02n). Corrosion resil!tance Is
Silicon - 0.30 also poor when the alloy Is stressed normal to the plate
Titanium
Zinc
-
3.8
0.10
4.8
surface.
Other Impurities 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
each - 0.05
total - 0.15 2.01 Thermal Properties
Aluminum Balance 2.011 Melting range. 900 to 1180F (5).
l 2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subject to precipitation .
1.05 Heat Treatment 2.013 Thermal conductivity .
All products unless otherwise indicruoad. 70 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F) in T6 Condition (5).
1.051 Anneal to 0 Condition. 775F, 2 to 3 <>ours, Curnaco 72, 5 Btu ft per (h:: sq ft F) in T6 Condition (6).
cool or alr cool+ 450F, 4 hours, alr coc!. 2.014 Thermal expansion, Figure 2. 014.
1.052 Anneal to remove cold work. 650F with time at temper- 2.015 Specific heat. 0. 23 Btu per (lb F).
ature; cooling rate not critical.
1.053 Solution trent to W Condition. 820 to 1141JF, 10 minutes 2.02 Other Physical Properties
to 1 hour depending on section size, quench In cold water. 2.021 Density, 0.099 lb per cu In; 2. 74 gr per cu em (5).
1.054 Age W to T6 Condition. 190 to 210F 6 to 10 hours + 2.022 Electrical resistivity. 2,13 microhm-Inc h, T6
230 to 240F, 24 hours. Condition (5),
1. 055 W51 Condition. Stress relieve W material by 2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic .
stretch!:1g:
Sheel and Plate 1. 5 to 3 percent plastic strain. 2.03 Cbemlcal Properties
Rod, Bar and Shapes 1. 0 to 3. 0 percent plastic strain. 2.031 General. Both gennral corrosion (exfoliation) and
1.056 T651 Condition. Age W51 230 to 250F, 48 hours. conventiona l smooth str.!ss corrosion tests have been
1.057 T6510 Condition (Extrusions) . Stress relieve W by run on this alloy In the T6 Condition, The resulls of
stretching, (no straightenin g after stretch) to W510 + these teste reveal It to be about the same as 7075-TG In
TG age (see 1. 054) to T6510, lis resistance to salt solution, marine, and Industrial
1.058 T6511 Condition (Extrusions) . Stress relieve W by atmosphere s. Sustained load teals using cracked
stretching (with minor straightenin g permitted after specimens cut from a 7079-TG plli:e Indicated that the
stretching to comply with standard tolerances) to W511 Kisco value Is no higher than 10 ksl - in11 2 for the TW
+ TG ago (see 1. 054) to T6511. orientation (see Figure 2.0332). On t11e basis or linllted
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: SEPTEMBER, 1969

data McM11lan and Hyatt (7) report much higher crack
AI growth rates. (TR ortentaUon) in 3.5 percent NaCl for
7079-TG forging than for 7079-T6 plate. Additional tests
4 Zn on cracked specimen s are necessar y before any firm
conclusio ns can be drawn regardin g a comparis on of this
3 Mg alloy with others.
A study of the crack initiation phenomena in stress
0.6 Cu corrosio n of 6 inllh thick plates of 7079-TG has shown
that cracks are initiated at "former" grain boundari es
0.2 Cr normal to the applied stress (8). Former boundari es
are original boundari es which have been elongated by
working and contain clusters o! grain fragmen ts. These
7079A I boundari es cor.tain apprecia ble amounts of nonmeta llics
and the observed sensitivi ty of these regions suggests
stress corrosio n resistanc e could be improved by
inereasln g the alloy purity.
2.032 Exfoliati on. Panels (1 x 4 x 9 Inch) subjected to ASTM
B 287 acidified salt spray at 120F using a 6 hour cycle
(1/2 hour s('ray + 2 hours dry air+ 3. 5 hours at 100
f }
\.....-"
percent RH) showed only very mild evidence of surface
attack after two weeks (9). Panels exposed In a marine
atmosph ere (300 feet from sea) and In an Industria l
atmosph ere showed no corrosio n In one year. These
lests are being continued (9).
2,033 Stress Corrosio n. Results are a'llllable for plate and
extrusion s subjected to alternate immersio n In 3. 5 per-
cent NaCl. These results are sunrmari zed in Table
2. 0331, which shows that conclusio ns reached regardin
g
the resistanc e to stress corrosio n will depend In part on
the type oi test used to evaluate the alloy. As might be
expected, the short transver se direction is relativel y
poor, Additional C ring tests on the 1 3/8 Inch plate (9)
In the short transver se direction showed failures at
50 percent Fty in 83 to 233 days for a marine atmosph ere
(300 feet from sea) and an industria l atmosph ere.
2. 0331 Results for stress corrosio n of plate and extrusion by
alternaw Immersio n In 3, 5 percent NaCl using different
types of specimen s, Table 2. 0331.

TABLE 2,0331
Alloy
7079 T651
Form 1 3/8 lnch Plaw (9, p, 48 and 49) Extrusio n (10, p. 102)
Specimen 1 X 2 X 12 0,437 diameter C-ring 0, 125 inch diameter
Type (1) Inch beam tensile 3.4 ineh diameter x tensile
1/16 thick
Percent Fty 75 75 15 50 75
Direction LT L LT ST ST Land LT
Exposure (2) 365 130 lo 83 to 33 5to 84
Time, days 173 148 12
Result Mild blisters Failed Failed Failed Failed None Failed
Wld
slight cracks
(1) 3 specimen s of each type exposed for plate,
2 specimen s exposed for extrusio ns.
(2) 3. 5 percent NaCl altomal<> Immersi on (10 minutes in
solution+ 50 minutes In air)

2. 0332 Sustained load failure time in 3. 5 percent NaCl solution ae

a function of x level, Figure 2. 0332.
1
2,04 Nuclear Properti es

3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

3.01 Speclfled Mechanical Properti es

(Information on design mechanic al propertie s can be
found In Military Handbook 5, Departm ent of Defenee)
3,011 AMS speclflcd tenslle properti es for sheet, Table 3. Olt.

TABLE 3.0ll
Source AMS(l) I Aluminum Associat ion (7)
Alloy 7079
Form Sheet
Condition
T6
Width- inch
All
Typo Bare (a) Clad
Thicknes s - Inch o. 040 to o. 015 to o. 040 to 0.063 to 0,188 to
0.249 (b) 0,039 0,062 0,187 0.249
Ftu, min-ks! 72,0 65.0 67.0 68.0 70.0
Fty, min-ks! G2,0 56.0 58,0 59,0 60,0
e (2 in or 4 D) percent 8 7 8 8 8
Nominal clad
thickness per side, percent
-
(a) Type of specimen used depends on thickness of' material
4 4 2.5 1.5 ......
.
(b) Long transver se direction .
REVISED: SEPTEMBER,I969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.012 AMS specified tensile properties for plate, Table 3. 1!12.

AI
TABLE 3.012
4 Zn
Source AMS (1) and Aluminum Association (7) 3 Mg
Alloy 7079
Form Plate (a)
0.6 Cu
Condition T6 and T651 0.2 Cr
Width -inch All
Type Bare 7079AI
Ftu , ksl (min) Fty , ksl (min) e(2 In or 4D), (min) Percant
Thickness - inch
L T ST L T ST L T ST
--
-- - --
o. 250 - 1. 000 73,0 63,0 - 8 -
1.001- 1.500 73.0 - 63.0 - 8 -
1.501 - 2.000 - 73.0 - - 63.0 -- - 7 -
- --
-- - -2-
2. 001 - 2. 500 73.0 63.0 6
2.501 -
3. 001 -
3,000
4. 000 70.0
71,0
70.0
-
65.0
-
60.0
62.0
60.0
-
56.0 6
6
5
4. 001 - 4.500 68.0 68.0 63.0 58.0 58.0 54.0 6 5 2
4. 501 - 5.000 68.0 68,0 63.0 58,0 58.0 54.0 5 5 2
5,001- 5.500 67 .o 67.0 62.0 57.0 57.0 53.0 4 4 2
5.501 - 6.000 66.0 66.0 61.0 56,0 56.0 52.0 4 4 2

(a) Type of specimen used depends on Ullckness of m'lterial

3.014 AMS spcclfled tensile properties for die forgings, hand

forgings and roiled rings, Table 3.014.
3. 013 AMS specified tensile properties for extruded bar, rod TABLE 3.014
and shapes, Table 3. 013.
TABLE 3.013 S<:urce MlS 4138 (3) AMS 4136 (2) AMS 4138{3)
Alloy 7079 707'1 7079
Form Dlo fo rgmgs Die forglnlts (d) Hand forgings
Source AMS 4171A 141 Condition TO T611 T6
Alloy 7079 Dnta Tensllo Tensile Tensile
Form EY.trudcd bar, rod and shapes ~eel men al (iii (e)
Condition Thickness - Inch <7 <6 < 7 (f)
T6
Orientation A B A B L T ST
Data Tensile
Specimen ASTM EB-65 (cut parallel to extrusion dir,) Ftu, min- ksl 74.0 72.0 69.0 68.0 73.0 70,0 65.0
Fty, min- ksl 64.0 61.0 56.0 55.0 62.0 oo.o 54,0
Nominal diameter Cross-section Ftu, Fty, e(4D) min lO(b) 4(c) 9(b) 4(c)
e, min - percent 9 6 4
or least area min min pe~ent Hardness, Brinell
thickness - Inch lnch2 ksl kAj (a
(1000 kg load, 10 mm
ICRS than 0, 250 ~ 20 75.0 67 .o 7 ball) min 140 140 130 130 140 140 140
0,250- 0.499 s. 20 77.0 68,0 7
(2 Inch or 40)
0. 500 - 1.199 s. 20 78.0 70.0 7 A Parallel to forging flow lines (or tangential for rolled rings~
1.500- 4.499 s. 20 79.0 70.0 7 B Across forging flow lines (or axial for rolled rings~
3. 000 - 4,499 20 to 32 77.0 70.0 7
a) Specimen machined from separately forged coupons or from forging
3.000 -1.499 3Z to 50 76.0 68.0 7
stock and ln either case heat-treated with the forgings.
1.500- 5.999 ~ 38 78.0 68.0 6
b) Elongation may be as low as 7 percent unless otherwise agreed upon.
4,500- 5.999 38 to 60 76.0 68.0 6
c) Docs n<;>t apply to spec! mens having a gage diameter less than 0, 25
6.000-6.999 s:
50 76.0 G6.0 6
Inch or located ln proximity to an abrupt chWlge ln section thickness.
6.000-6.999 50 to 60 74.0 64.0 4
d) Or rolled rings.
(a) The test for cis not required for material thinner than 0.062 e) Machined from center of hand forgings.
inch or for material too thin for a standard specimen. f) Cross-sectional area o( 72 square inches or less.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: SEPTEMBER, 1969

3.015 Aluminum Assoc iation mecha nical proper

ty limits for 3.018 Alumi num Assoc iation mecha nical prope
AI 3.016
T6 sheet, see Table 3, 011.
Aluminum Assoc iation mecha nical proper T6 and T652 hand forgin gs, Table 3. 018
rty limits for
ty limits for
4 Zn T6 and T651 plate, see Table 3. 012.
3,017 Aluminum Assoc iation mecha nical proper
ty limits for TABL E 3.018
3 Mg extrud ed bar, rod and shapes In T6, T6510
, and T65ll Source Alumi num Assoc iation (7)
tempe rs, Table 3. 017.
0.6 Cu Alloy 7079
Form Hand forgin gs (a)
0.2 Cr Data Tensil e proper ty limits
Thickn ess -Inch Ftu, min Fty. min e(2ln or 4D)
707 9AI Direct ion
ksl ksl min - percen t
T6 T652 T6 T652 T6 T652
s 2.000 L 72,0 72.0 63.0 63,0 9 9
T 71,0 71.0 61.0 61.0 5 5
2. 001 - 3, 000 L 72,0 72.0 61,0 62.0 9 9
T 70,0 70.0 59,0 60.0 5 5
ST 67,0 67.0 56,0 55.0 4 3
3, 001 - 4. 000 L 71,0 71.0 61,0 61,0 9 9
T 70,0 70.0 59,0 59,0 5 5
ST 67.0 67.0 56,0 55.0 4 3
4,001 -5,00 0 L 70,0 70.0 60,0 60,0 9 9
T 69,0 69.0 58,0 58,0 4 4
ST 66,0 66.0 55.0 54.0 4 3
5. 001 - 6. 000 L 69.0 69.0 59.0 59.0 9 9
T 68.0 68.0 56,0 56,0 4 4
ST 66.0 66.0 54.0 53,0 4 3
6,001 -7,00 0 L 68.0 68.0 58.0 58,0 9 9
T 67.0 67.0 54,0 54,0 4 4
ST 65.0 65.0 53,0 51.0 4 3
7, 001 - 8, 000 L 67.0 67.0 57,0 57,0 9 9
T 66.0 66.0 53,0 52.0 4 4
ST 64.0 64.0 52,0 50,0 4 3
(a) Maxim um cross- sectio nal area Is 256 square
Inches .

3,02 Mecha nical Prope rties at Room Temp eratur

3,021 e
Tensio n.
3,0211 Stress -strain diagra ms.
a. 02111 Typica l stress -strai n curves for plate,
Figure 3. 02111.
3,0211 2 Typica l stress -strai n curve In tensio n for
extrus ion,
Figure 3. 0211~.
3, 0212 Effect of thickn ess and specim en locatio
n on tensile
prope rties of plate from mixed lots, Figure
3, 0213 3.0212 ,
Distrib ution of tensile prope rties In a large
hand
forgin g. Data for simila r forgin g of 7075-T
6 Includ ed
for compa rison, Figure 3. 0213.
TABL E 3.017 Effect of exposu re to elevat ed tempe rature
on room
.--- - tempe rature tenslle prope rties of forgin
gs In T6
Sourc e Alumi num Assoc lntion (7) Condit ion, Figure 3. 0214
Alloy 3.022 Comp ressio n.
Form 7079 3. 0221 Stress -strain diagra ms.
Extrud ed bar rod and shaoes 3,0221 1
Condit ion r6, T6Dlo anu T651l Typica l stress -strai n curve In compr ession
for extrus ion
Data Figure 3. 02211.
Tensll e mecha nical proper ty limits 3.0222
!Speci men Effect of duplex therma l treatm ent on compr
ASTM EB-{;5 essive yield
streng th, Figure 3, 0222.
Area Ftu, Fty, e(2 In or 4D) 3. 0223 Effect of thickn ess and spoclm on locatio
Thickn ess -Inch lnch2 n on compr essive
min min min yield of plates from mixed lots, Figure
ksi ksl 3.023 3. 0223.
percen t(a) Impac t, se<> 3, 033.
less than 0. 250 s 20 75.0 67.0 7
3, 0231 Drop weight tear test for 1 Inch plato In
T6 Condi tion,
0.250 - 0,399
o. 500 - o. 749 s 20 77,0 68,0 7 Fty : 68 ksl (speci men W =5 Inches , B
=1 Inch, a
~ 20 78.0 70.0 1. 75 brittle weld, S 18 Inches ) WR orlents
o. 750 - 1,499 ~ 20 78,0
7 Uon gave
1, 500 - 2. 999 70.0 7 111 ft-lb and RW gave 377 ft-lb. (16)
5 20 79,0 70.0 3,024 Bendin g.
7
3, 000 - 4.499
3, 000 - 4. 499
s 20 79,0 70,0 7
3.025 Torsio n and shear.
20-32 77,0 3,0251 Shear streng th of plate and extrus ion, Table
3, 000 - 4. 499 70,0 7 3. 0251.
32-50 76,0 68.0
4,500 - 5, 000 7 TABL E 3,0251
5 38 78.0 68.0
4. 500 - 5, 000 6
38-60 76.0 69.0
5, 000 - 5. 999 6 Sou reo (10, p, 76) (36, p, 70)
~ 38 78.0 68.0
5, 000 - 5. 999 6 Alloy
38-60 76.0 68,0 7079
6
6,&00 - 6. 999
6,000 -6.99 9
s 50 76.0 66.0 6 Condit ion T651
50-60 74.0 64,0 Form
{a) The test for e Is not requir ed
4
for materi al lhlnne r than 0. 062 Inch or
Plate Extrus ion (Area s 20 lnoh2)
for materi al too thin for a standa rd specim Thickn ess-In ch 0.25 to 6.00
en. <:0.249 1 o. 25o to o. 749
Fsu - ksi 43 40
I 41
 AIWT
REVISED: SEPTEMBER, 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3,026 Bearing. 3.0272 Fracture toughness.

3.0261 Effect of thickness on bearing properties of plate from 3.02721 General. The fracture toughness will vary with the
mixed lots, Figure 3. 0261.
AI
yield strength and the testing direction In relation to the
3,0262 Typical bearing properties of plate and extrusion,
Table 3. 0262.
fiber with the TR and TW directions being poorest. 4 Zn
Heavily worked products tend to a pronounced lamellar
3 Mg
TABLE 3. 0262
0.6 Cu
Source (12 p, 70) (10, p. 76) 0.2 Cr
Alloy 7079
Condition T651
Form Plate p:;xtruslon (Area 5 20 Inc~
7079AI
Thickness - Inch 0.250 2.501 3,001 4.001 4.501 5.001 5.501 <.249 .250 .500
-2.500 -3,00 -4.000 -4.500 -5.000 -5.500 -5,000 - .499 - .749
Fbru - ksl
e/D = 1,5 116 113 111 108 108 107 105 108 110 112
e/D = 2.0 146 142 140 136 136 134 132 136 140 141
Fbry- ksl
e/D=l.5 97 97 97 95 95 95 95 90 87 85
e/D = 2.0 113 113 112 109 109 109 lOR 103 100 97

3.027 Stress concentration. structure which predisposes to a large difference In

3,0271 Notch properties (see also 3,0371), toughness depending on whether cracks are oriented
3. 02711 Effect of thickness on sharp notch tensile characteristics parallel or perpendicular to the fiber. In generat the
of sheet, Figure 3.02711, plane strain fracture toughness at room temperature doe&
3.02712 Effect of thickness on crack strength of plate given not appear to be much different than that for 7075 at the
different aging treatments, Figure 3. 02712. same yield strength level. The mlld and sharp notch
3.02713 Sharp notch strength ratio for plate from three Ingots, strength of thin sections decreases with decreasing test
Table 3. 02713. temperature and can be quite low at cryogenic temper-
atures (see Figures 3.03711, 3,03712 and 3,037131. There
TABLE 3,02713
are no data on the effects of temperature on Klc.
3.02722 Fracture toughness results for heavy sections tested
Source (9, Table 8) In different directions, Table 3.02722.
Alloy 7079
Form 1 3/8 Inch Plate
Condition
- T651
Ingot I n m
Direction RT TR RT TR RT TR
Ftv - ksl 77.6 74.2 76.0 72,8 75.2 72.6
Sharp notch to yield
strenl!!h ratio 0.31 0.19 0.26 0.18 0,26 0.19

I< f
20 Inches '=r
j_
= 7 Inches
~:~
(N.R. <b~ oow>
0,0005 Inch)
Specimen
l B =linch

TABLE 3.02722

Alloy 7079
Condition T6 or T651
Source (19) Table n (17) Table 7 (20) p. 268 (21) Table 7 (22) p. 35
Form 1 3/4 Inch 1 3/8 Inch 1 3/8 Inch 1 1/2 x 14 Inch 1 Inch plate (1)
plate (1) plate (3) plate (1) hand forging (2)
Direction RW WR TR RW WR RT WT L LT TW TR WR
Fty - ksl 75 72 76 73 69 69 75
KQ- 27 24 16 31 27 30 25 25 23 22
ksl --..{i;cl; 50(4) 15(4)
(1) ~ = Krc ASTM notch bend test method (see Appendix C, reference 12).
(2) W L specimen.
(3) 20 Inches wide x 1 3/8 thick center crack plate specimen.
(4) Fractures heavily laminated.

3.028 Combined properties.

3,03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures

3,031 Tension.
3. 0311 Stress-strain diagrams.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: SEPTEMBER,I9 69

3. 03111 Stress-strain curves for forgings In T6 Condition at 3.059 Fatigue properties of forgings In T6 Condition at elevated
AI various temperatures, Figure 3.03111. temperatures, Table 3. 059.
3. 0312 Effect of exposure and test temperature on tensile
4 Zn properties of bar and forgings In T6 Condition,
Figure 3. 0312.
3 Mg 3. oa13 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of
specimens cut from test ring removed from large pump TABLE 3,059
0.6 Cu Impeller forging, Figure 3.0313.
3.0314 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of
Source _(14)
0.2 Cr specimens cut from center of large Inducer forging,
Alloy 7079
Figure 3. 0314.
3,0315 Tensile properties of large pu.np inducer forging as a Form Forl!inl!s
7079AI function of position with reapeclto cylindrical axis, Condition T6
Figure 3. 0315. Temp Stress Fatigue Strcngih - ksl
3. 0316 Effect of low temperature on tensile properties of sheet, F Method Rallo at Cycles
billet and plate, Figure 3. 0316.
3. 0317 Effect of test temperature and hold lime on tensile A R 105 106 107 108 5 X 105
properties of sheet, Figure 3. 0317. Room Rotating
3.032 Compression. Temp Beam -1 40 29 21 22 22
3.0321 Stress-strain diagrams. 300 "' 30 22 18 16 15.5
3. 03211 Typical stress-strain curves for plate, Figure 3. 03211. 400 24 17 13 10 9.5
3.033 Impact. 500 16 ll.5 8.5 8 8
3.0331 Effect of low test temperature on impact strengih of
forgings, In T6 condlllon, Figure 3. 0331.
3.034 Bending.
3.035 Torsion and shear. 3.06 Elastic Properties
3,036 Bearing. 3.061 Poisson's ratio. 0.33 (33).
3.037 Stress concentration. 3.062 Modulus of elasticity.
3.0371 Notch properiles. E = 10,300 ksl,
3. 03711 Tensile and sharp notch properties of sheet at cryogenic Ec = 10,500 ksl (34)
temperatures, Figure 3. 03711. Modulus of elasticity at various temperatures,
3.03712 Effect of test temperature on notch yield strengih ratio Figure 3. 0621.
of specimens cut from large hand forgings, 3.0622 Modulus of elasticity at low and elevated temperatures In
Figure 3. 03712. compression, Figure 3. 0622.
3. 03713 Effect of cryogenic test temperatures (to liquid He) on 3.063 Modulus of rigidity.
notch properties of forging, Figure 3. 03713. G =3, 900 ksl (28)
3. 03714 Effect of elevated test temperature on crack strengih of 3.064 Tangent modulus curves for plate, Figure 3. 064.
sheet, Figure 3.03714. 3.065 Typical tangent moduli curves for extrusion,
3. 0372 Fracture toughness (see 3. 0372). Figure 3. 065.
3.038 Combined properties.

3.04 Crece and Croce Rueture Proecrties 4. FABRICATION

3.041 Typical creep and creep rupture curves for T6 and T651
products at room temperature, 300F and 500F, 4.01 Formability
Figure 3. 041. 4.0ll General. This alloy Is used primarily In the form of
3.042 Typical creep and creep rupture curves for T6 and T651 plate, forgings and c:ctruslons. However, stretch forming
products at 212F, 400F and GOOF, Figure 3. 042. and drawing of sheet Is possible but roll forming Is not
3.043 Isochronous stress-strain curves at 300 and 400F for recommended. Bend rac!.il In the 0 and T6 Conditions
alloy In T6 Condition, Figure 3. 043. for 1/4 to 1/2 Inch plate are the same as for 7075.
Delalled Information on forming limits and processes
may be found In reference 37.
4.012 Stretch forming. Start with fresh W Condition.
4.013 Drawing. Annealed condition Is formed followed by aging.
For difficult operations material may be formed somewhat
less than full depth then solution treated and aged.
3.05 Fatigue Proeertles 4.014 Forging. Preheat 850 to 880F, 48 hours In an a1mosphcre
3.051 S-N curves for hand forgings In Condition T6, short low In moisture, sulfur and ammonia. Forge temper-
transverse direction, Figure 3. 051. ature range Is 780 to 880F.
3.052 S-N curves for hand forgings In Condition T6,
longitudinal direction, Figure 3. 052. 4.02 Machining and Grinding
3.053 S-N curves for forgings In Condition T652, Figure 4.021 General. The machining and grinding characteristics of
3.053. this alloy are similar to those of 7075. Best mach!-
3.054 S-N curves for specimens removed from center of large nabllily Is obtained In the T6 Condition. For detailed
hand forgings, Figure 3. 054. Information refer to the Air Force Machinability Data
3.055 S-N curves at different mean stresses for specimens Center, Metcul Research Associates, Inc., 3980 Rosslyn
removed from center of large hand forgings, Figure 3. 055 Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45209.
3.056 S-N curves for all products except extrusions In T6 IUid
T651 Conditions, Figure 3.056. 4.03 Welding
3.057 Crack growth rates as function of stress Intensity factor 4.031 General. Welding of this alloy Is not recommended.
for constant amplitude and constant K tests on sheet, ~"
Figure 3. 057,
3.058 Effect of stress Intensity level on fatigue crack propa-
4.04 Heal Treatment
""J:'
gallon rate of plate, Figure 3, 058. 4.05 Surface Treatment
 AIW I
REVISED: SEPTEMBER,I969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

40r-------------r-----r-------------~--~ 100
I 7079 I
7079
lINCH PLATE EXTRUSION (;S; o. 249 INCH) AI
CONDITION T6 CONDITION T651
80 4 Zn
301---- FTY =75 KSI KJc ::::: 22 KSI .::.JiN +----1
L-z ~ 3 Mg
LT
60
j/ 0.6 Cu

~

2or-------~~1-----+-----------~--~
~ . TW

40
17 0.2
70l~AI
Cr

P
10
~rniN
7IN~D~)e ~ ~--~CR~A~C~K.-LE~N-G-T~H-AN0--I 20 I TENSION

1/
TIUCKNESB:=::0.5 IN

FATIGUE CRACKED CANTILEVER 45 x 1/32 DEEP SIDE

O BEND SPECIMEN 1 I GROOVES 0
10 50 100 500 1000 0 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016
TIME, HOUR STRAIN - INCH PER INCH
FIG. 2.0332 SUSTAINED LOAD FAILURE TIME IN 3.5 PERCENT NaCl SOLUTION FIG. 3,02112 TYPICAL STRESS-sTRAIN CURVE IN
AS A FUNCTION OF KI LEVEL FOR PLATE. (11, p. 92) TENSION FOR EXTRUSION. (10, 1. 157)

100
7079
PLATE (VARIOUS PRODUCTION LOTS)
CONDITION T651
90

80 4

-...;
90

~
-.
~ ~- 1----,:
Fru
- 1:>
----.
I

80 ~
100
7079 I
I

0. 0250 TO 2. 000 INCH !'LATE

CONDITION T651
I

GO
4 ''c 'o...
~~ t---.:
80

v- ~-- - -
o-----:
FTY

f 1-- 6 ST
~ 60
~
60 0

L 1/4 THICKNESS
r----.
1/
L CENTER

20 50
40

20 I ---- L
--- T
I
c 0 e(4 D)
u

6
c

0
1/
0 0.004 0.008
TENliON

0.012
I
0.016
0
0 2

THICKNESS - INCH
3 4 5 6

STRAIN- INCH PER INCH FIG. 3. 0212 EFFECT OF THICKNESS AND SPECIMEN LOCATION ON
FIG. 3.02111 TYPICAL STRESS-STRAIN CURVES FOR TENSILE PROPERTIES OF PLATE FROM MIXED LOTS.
PLATE. (36, p. 115) (12, Table 9)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: SEPTEMBER,I969

100 T 100
T I I
7079
AI 7079

-
13 INCH DIAMETER x 9 INCH HAND FORGING EXTRUSUION (!> 0. 249 INCH)
CONDITION TG51
4 Zn 80 1 - -
CONDITION- T6 I
AXIAL ' 80
.,..
3 Mg .....
0.6 Cu
fiJ
:.:
:::>
60 ~
-- ~-- 1-- 1--
FTU
~-- 80 60
(
1/
E-o
0.2 Cr Pl
"" li.i
:.:
><
7079AJ 40
... 60 E-o
""
40

7
...... COMPRESSION
FTY I-
/ L AND LT
--- ~-

v
1 - - - -1 - - - 1 - - -
20 40 20
- - - -7075 - T6
E-o
zt.l e (1 IN)
10 0
1;l

-- o. 004 o. 012
t.l 0 0.008 0.016
"'
0
/ ::;:::::;;.- ~

2
1--

4
-!._

5 6
Fig, 3. 02211
STRAIN - INCH PER INCH
TYPICAL STRESS-BTRAJN CURVE IN
COMPRESSION FOR EXTRUSION.
(10. p. 157)
RADIAL DISTANCE FROM CENTER AT MID TlllCKNESS
FIG, 3.0213 DISTRIBUTION OF TENSILE PROPERTIES IN A LARGE HAND
FORGING, DATA FOR SIMILAR FORGING OF 7075-TG
INCLUDED FOR COMPARISON. (13, p, 4) 70
7079
CONDITION T651

60 -I---+ 300 HR SOAK AT 270F +

10 11R AT 320, 340, AND
355F
Pl TEST DffiECTION: L
50

40
7079 ROOM 320 340 360
HAND FORGINGS 80 TEMP
TG CONDITION
10 HRS SOAK TEMPERATURE -F
FIG. 3. 0222 EFFECT OF DUPLEX THERMAL TREATMENT
GO ON COMPRESSIVE YIELD STRENGTH. (15. p. 5)
~
I
::> 90
E-o
80 40 7079
"" PLATE (VAJUOUS PRODUCTION LOTS)
CONDITION T651
80
60 20
Pl
1: 70
"' 40

60
20

tt.l 40 6 ST
50 0 L 1/4 THICKNESS
~ e L CENTER

"'
0 200 400 600 800 40
EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE -F 0 2 3 4 5
FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED
TEMPERATURE ON ROOM TEMPER-
'fHICKNESS - INCH
FIG. 3.0223 EFFECT OF 'TP.lCKNESS AND SPECIMEN LOCATION ON
....
ATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
COMPRESSIVE YIEr.D OF PLATES FROM MIXED LOTS.
FORGINGS lN TG CONDITION. (14)
 AIWI
REVISED: SEPTEMBER,I969. NONFERROUS ALLOYS

180
7079
PLATE (VARIOUS PRODUCTION LOTS) AI
CONDITION T651
160 4 Zn
3 Mg
140 160
0.6 Cu
0.2 Cr
~ ~
::> 120 140 I
7079AI
~
Ill
~
Ill
"' ""
100 120

80 100
eiD

0 6
2
1.5 CENTER L
60 I 80
0 2 3 4 5
THICKNESS, INCH
FIG. 3. 0261 EFFECT OF TlflCKNESS ON BEARING PROPERTIES OF PLATES
FROM MIXED LOTS. (12, Table 9)

80
7079
PLATE AGED 250F, t HOURS
e AS RECEIVED+ REAGE
70

0
100
7079 6
SHEET 60
CONDITION TG OR T651
80
I 50
~ ~
6 Fr
0.8

GO
"'
6

6}
L

40
1.0 ---
T
0
0
EOOE
NOTCH
CENTER CRACK
'"re'"1 ASTM
STANDARDS
PART 31, 1967
0.7
CENTER CRACK SPECIMEN

PAGE 945 -
Q 0.6
""
<
~
6
i:
~
t.l
0:
0,8
... ......._
6 :---.~
L
-.-
o--........._
""~ 0.6 T
...:1
t.l
-~ 0.4
s::
6
0
::r:
~ 0.4
CLAD

~ 0 0 BARE
0.3
0
e
NONE
250F, 48 HOURS (TG)
"'~ 0.2
~
6 290F, 56, 96, 120AND 90 HR
FOR 0.16, 0. 25, 0. SAND 0,63 INCH
0.4 RESPECTIVELY .
"' 0 0.1 0. 2 0.3 0,2
0.1 0.2 0.3 0,4 0.5 0,6 0. 7
THICKNESS, INCH
FIG, 3. 02711 EFFECT OF THICKNESS ON SHARP NOTCH THICKNESS, INCH
TENSILE CHARACTERISTICS OF SHEET. FIG, 3,02712 EFFECT OF THICKNESS ON CRACK STRENGTH OF PLATE
(17. Ta~le 3 and 4) GIVEN DIFFERENT AGING TREATMENTS. (18, Table 4 and 7)
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS FCEVISED: SEPTEMBER,I969

90 ~----~-----T------~----~----~
7079
AI T6 CONDITION
30 MINUTES EXPOSURE AT
4 Zn 80 ELEVATEDTEMPER~TURES-----+~---i

3 Mg
0.6 Cu
0.2 Cr

~-r----~------r-----~--------------~ 100
7079
BAR AND FORGINGS
TENSION T6 CONDITION
_ _ (23) 80
---(24)
OL-----~----~------~----~-----J \,' ~ ,
0 0,002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010
60
STRAIN -INCH PER INCH
FIG, 3, 03111 STRESS-5TRAIN CURVES FOR FORGINGS IN
T6 CONDITION AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES,
::;,
(23, 21, p, 42)
40 t

20

0
EXPOSURE

20
0
30 MINUTES
100 HOURS
4 1000 HOURS
0 4 FORGINGS (14)
0
BAR (24)

40

0
zE-o
lol
80

lillol
II. 40

-400 -200 0 200 400 600

FIG. 3. 0312
TEMPERATURE-F
EFFECT O.F EXPOSURE AND TEST TEMPERATURE ON '4..
 AIWt
REVISED: SEPTEMBER, 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

100 120
7079
20 INCH DIAMETER X 13 INCH AI
HAND FORGING
80 100 100 f- CONDmON T652 120 4 Zn
TANGENTIAL
3 Mg
~
~
-423F
/ 0.6 Cu
60 80 ~ 80 FTU 100 ~
...~
I
::>
...
Eo<
I
0.2 Cr
FTY ~
...
t )
v 7019AI
40 60 60 80
EST RING FTY
e AXIAL
20 ORADIAL 40 60
40
20 l:J. TANGENTIAL./ 10
Eo<
:z; RA
Eo<
:z;
1&1
~ 0 ,. -.r---_
1&1 10 1&1
p., 10
~
1&1 e(11N)
p,
0 ~
0
10
1/4 1/2 3/4 SURFACE
RADIAL POSITION
FIG. 3.0315 TENSILE PROPERTIES OF LARGE PUMP
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 INDUCER FORGING AS A FUNCTION OF
TEMPERATURE-F POSITION WITH RESPECT TO THE
CYLINDRICAL AXIS. (13, Table 10)
FIG. 3,0313 EFFCT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SPECIMENS CUT FROM TEST
RING REMOVED FROM LARGE PUMP IMPELLER
FORGING, (13, Table 8)

100
7079
20 INCH DIAMETER X 13 INCH HAND FORGING
CONDITION T652
80 100

120
~ FTU 7079
CONDITION T6
::> 60 80 ~ A
...
Eo<
100 y ; SHEET

~ ~ L BILLET
I
40 60 ... PLATE
;:::.
FTY ...
Eo<
80 100

CENTER PROPERTIES
20 AT 1/4 RADIUS 40
20 ~
0
AXIAL
RADIAL 60 80 I
>o
10
6 TANGENTIAL
...
Eo<

f-o
:z;
1&1 60
~
1&1
p, 0 20
f-o
10 :z;
1&1
~
1&1
p., 0
0
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 -400 -200 0 200
TEMPERATURE-F TEST TEMPERATURE-F
FlG. 3,0314 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE FIG. 3,0316 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE
PROPERTIES OF SPECIMENS CUT FROM CENTER ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
nco T A.'Dt"!l:' DU'l.r.l nJnT1f"10"D 'L"nDt"!ll>J(l SHEET. BILLET AND PLATE.
.--------- ------------ -------- --------- ----
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS .REVISED: SEPTEMBER,I969

100 5

v
7079 7079
AI .064 SHEET FORGINGS
T6 CONDITION

v
CONDITION T6
4 Zn 80 4

3
0.6
0.2
Mg
Cu
Cr
~
I
:::>
E-<
"'
60
-- - ~
~
"'\
L
80 3 ..-/
IE CHARPY V

7079AI 40
';:;
\ 60 ~ 2 I

~
.........
"'-,
" !::
-400 -200
TEMPERATURE-F
0 200

~
HOLD TIME
e <5 SECONDS riG. 3.0331 EFFECT OF LOW TEST TEMPER-
20 40"' ATURE ON IMPACT STRENG'i'H OF
0 30 MINUTES i' FORGINGS IN TG CONDITION.
(24, p. 55)
0
20 20
E-<
zt>l
e (2 IN)
1;! 10
t>l
p.. ~

0
0 100 200 300 400 50(1
TEMPERATURE-F
FIG. 3,0317 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND HOLD
TIME ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET.
(26, p. 89)

120
7079
0.125 INCH SHEET
CONDITION T6
100
Kt ""' 17

80

100
7079 ~
0.250 TO 2.000 INCHES
60
PLATE
CONDITION T651
80
v...- ~
v 1--
40

~
GO e ~ L
l :~?1
II
0 .0. T
--L r<0.001IN
20
--T
40

I ~
10

v
t>l
e (2 IN)
20
[;!
t>l
COMPRESSION p.. 0
-400 -200 0 200
0 I TEMPERATURE- F
0 0.004 0.008 0.012 0.016
A ..... - .... ---..-- ......... - -- ..._____
 AI WI
REVISED: SEPTEMBER, 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

At,~ 1.8
b 7079
HAND FORGINGS
AI
CONDITION T652
1.4
4 Zn
3 Mg
0.6 Cu
e 1,2
~ 0.2 Cr
iS
fi1&1 1.0 7079AI
[:l CENTER CRACK SPECIMEN
"'
Q
~
0.8 f-',..-1-----,r--+--~..+t:. & TANGENTIAL 0
~ o RADIAL
0 400 500

~ e AXIAL TEMPERATURE-F

g= 0.6
6 0 e SURFACE (TEST RING
FIG. 3, 0313)
FIG. 3,03714 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEST TEMPER-
ATURE ON THE CRACK STRENGTH OF
0 (26, p. 104)
z 1/4 RADIUS SHEET.
V 1/2 RADIUS

0.4

NOTCH RADIUS ..., , 0015 INCH

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100

TSMPERATURE-F
FIG, 3,03712 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON NOTCH YIELD
STRENGTH RATIO OF SPECIMENS CUT FROM LARGE
HAND FORGINGS, (13, Tables 8 and 10) 7079
100 CONDiTION T6, CONDmON T651
ALL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT EXTRUSIONS)
so
60

120 40
7079
FORGING
CONDITION T6
100
20
~
80

10

~
60
1.2 8
0
f:; 6
;a
=
E-
1.0
0 4
z
1&1
1!:

"'1&1 o.s
E-

~
Iii
zl>l
E- 0.6
=
z~ 1
0,4 1000
-200 -100 0 100 0,1 10 100
-400 -300
TEMPERATURE-F TIME, IIOUR
- ----- - .......... .. ,..n1':"ron AUT\ ,..Dl:"~O ntltiTttnF. ~tJRVES
 60
7079
AI HAND FORGINGS
CONDmON T6
4 Zn 40 SOLUTION TREAT

3 Mg Kt =1.0
0.6 Cu 20

0.2 Cr
Kt= 2.4
0
7079AI
NUMBER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3.051 S-N CURVES FOR HAND FORGINGS IN CONDITION
T6 !SHORT TRANSVERSE DIRECTION) (30, p. 26)

sor---~--~------~--~
7079
HAND FORGINGS
L
CONDITION T6

2 --RUPTURE
---1 PERCENT}
--0,5 PERCENT
---0,2 PERCENT CREEP
---0,1 PERCENT
NtThffiER OF CYCLES
1 10 100 1000 FIG. 3.052 S-N CURVES FOR HAND FORGINGS IN
CONDITION T6 (LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION)
TIME, HOUR (30, p. 25)
FIG, 3. 042 TYPICAL CREEP AND CREE;<> RUPTURE CURVES
FOR T6, T651 PRODUCTS AT 212F,400F, AND
GOOF. (28)

60
7079
FORGINGS
CONDI'!:'IONT6
50

80 r---r---~--~--~--~
40 7079
FORGING R = -1
CONDmON T652
60 l--1---+--- FORGING APPLICATION
~ 30 ~ \,
\
A = OXIDIZER IMPELLER
C = FUEL INDUCER

~ 40 I--\~-+~~...,R-40T__:_A::..:TIN<:f BEAM (C)

20

10
AXIAL LOAD (A)

0 ~----~---~----~----L---__J
0
0 0,004 0.004 0.008 0.012
STRAIN- INCH PER INCH NUMBER OF CYCLES

FIG. 3,043 ISOCHRONOUS STRESS-8TRAIN CURVES AT 300 AND 400F FIG. 3,053 S-N CURVES FOR FORGINGS IN CONDITION '1'652.
FOR ,\LLOY IN T6 CONDITION. (29, Figure 12,13) (31, p. 78)

CODE 32091
 70
\ .............. 7079
HAND FORGING S- CONDITION T6
SPECIMENS FROM CENTER
AI
60 eROTATING BEAM (R = -1)
4 Zn
21 INCH DIAMETE R X 13 INCH FORGING
OAXIALL OAD (R = -1)
3 Mg
311NCH DIAMETE R X 21.5 INCH FORGING 0.6 Cu
Kt = 1
50 0.2 Cr
~
1Z 7079A I
r"'
IS 40
"'

I
... 30

20

10 L_______ __J_______ ___L______ __

-L--------~

103 105
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3,054 S-N CURVF..S FOR SPECIME NS REMOVED FROM CENTER OF
LARGE HAND FORGINGS. (13, p, 75 and 76)

60
7079
31 INCH DIAMETE R X 21.5 HAND FORGING
CONDITION T6
SPECIME NS FROM CENTER
AXlAL LOAD
50
1\ = 1 50 ..----- ...----- ..,.---- ------- ------- ...,
R=-1 7079-TG AND T651
ALL PRODUCTS
(EXCEPT EXTRUSIONS)
30 KSI
eRT
A300F}
(ROTATING BEAM)
y 400 F CANTIJ,E VER
~ 30 1 - - -...--~k:-. S:!OF' BEAM:
I
1Z
I
E 1-----1-~...--+::,..,.:--+----+---l
20

10 KSI

10 L---------~--------L---------L------J
100: 0 L-----L---~----~----~----~
CYCLES TO FAILURE
F1G. 3.055 NUMBER OF CYCLES
S-N CURVES AT DIFFERE NT MEAN STRESSE S FOR
SPECIME NS REMOVED FROM CENTER OF LARGE F1G. 3.056 S-N CURVES FOR ALL PRODUCTS EXCEPT
HAND FORGING. EXTRUSIONS IN T6 AND T651 CONDITIONS.
(13, p. 79)
(28)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: SEPTEMBER, 1969

100 7079
AI 0.08 AND 0.160 INCH SHEET
1-----+-- t-COND ITION T6
4 Zn
CONSTANT AMPLITUDE
3 Mg
0.6 Cu
0.2 Cr

7079AI

R =0.167 AND 0,4

AXIAL LOAD CENTER CRACK SPECIMEN

10 1000

HALF CRACK GROWTH RATE, da 10-6 INCH PER CYCLE

iiii
FIG. 3,057 CRACK GROWTH RATES AS FUNCTION OF STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR FOR
CONSTANT AMPLITUDE AND CONSTANT K TESTS ON SHEE'I: (32, Figure 15)

so 7079
1 3/8 INCH PLATE
CONDITION T651 120

~ .....__
40 r - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - r - - - - - t - 7 ' - - - ; 7079

--JBI- ~ !(~
30 ~
r--IN-.---ClES- \----..5)
} l TINCH
n
u ~~ ~~
1><1'1
~~
100
Ec
~
Zl'l

20
CENTER CRACK SPECIMEN
~ALLOAD
R = 0,33
~
1'1'"'
1;!::;!
1'18
p.. P:
80
'"
A= 0,50 60
-400 -200 0 200 400 GOO
10 /" L T B, INCH
-~ 0 1/4 TEMPERATU RE-F
6 3/4
FIG. 3.0622 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT LOW AND ELEVATED
TEMPERATU RE IN COMPRESSION. (34)
I
0
4 G 8 10 12 14 16
K - KSI =VINCH.!-2
100
FIG. 3.058 EFFECT OF STRESS INTENSITY LEVEL ON FATIGUE CRACK 7079
PROPAGATION RATE OF PLATE. (9, Table 10) 0.250 TO 2.000 IN PLATE
CONDITION TG51
80
12
~ ~--
~
r--:: r---,
7079

~
.It 60
10
.!"--... ~
E ~~ 40
~ 8

~ i\.
0
0
....
0

6 1 -r-- .
T6 BILLET (24) 20 1- - - - L
---T
-- --
T6, T651 PRODUCTS (28)
\
4 I I I 0
0.004
I 0.008 0.012 0,016
0
-400 -200 0 200 400 600
STRAIN -INCH PER INCH
TEMPERATU RE-F
FIG. 3.0621 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT VARIOUS TEMPER- FIG. 3,064 TANGENT MOTJULUS CURVES FOR
(24){28) PLATE, (12, p, 115)
ATURES.
 I'IVNI" t.t<liUU~ ALLOYS

i 100
\
7079
16, R. w. Judy Jr. and R. J. Goode, "Metallurgic al
EXTRUSION ( ~ O. 249 INCH) Characteris tics of High Strength Structural Materials",
CONDITION T651 7th Quarlerly Reno!!, NRL Report 6327. page 26 AI
(May 1965)
80 17.
~
J.G. Kaufman and Marshall Holt, "Fracture Charac- 4 Zn

~ ~T
teristics of Aluminum Alloys", Alcoa Research

18.
Laboratorie s, Technical Paper No. 18 (1965) 3 Mg
S,H. Smith, T.R. Porter and W,D, Sump, "Fatigue
60 Crack Propagation and Fracture Toughness 0.6 Cu
Characteris tics of 7079 Aluminum Alloy Sheets and Plates
!2 In Three Aged CoDdiUoos," Tbe Boeing Company,
NASA CR-996, Contract NAS-1-1!474 (Fe~., 1968)
0.2 Cr
40 19. J.G. Kaufman, P.E. Schilling and F.G. Nelson Jr.,
"Fracture Toughness of Aluminum Alloys", Alcoa 7079AJ
Research Laboratorie s, New Kensington, Pennsylvani a,
Paper presented at ASM Metal Congress (1968)
20 20. J.G. Kaufman, F.G. Nelson Jr. and Marshall Holt,
"Fracture Toughness of Aluminum Alloy Plate Determined
with Center Notch Tension, Single Edge Notch Tension
and Notch Bend Tests", Eng!neerlog Fracture Mechanics,
0 Volume I, page 259 (1968)
0 4 8 12 16
21. s.o. Davis, N.G. Tupper and R.M. Niemi, "Effect of
Specimen Type and Crack Orientauon on Fracture
1000 KSI Toughness", AFML-1'R-6 7-38 (March 1967)
FIG. 3,065 TYPICAL TANGENT MODULUS CURVES 22. C.N. Freed and R.J. Goode, "Metallurgic al Charac-
FOR EXTRUSION. (10) teristics of High Strength Structural Materials",
11th Quarterly Report, NRL Report 6513 page 31
(August 1966)
23. Aluminum Companl' of America, Research Laboratorie s,
"Typicnl Tensile~ ~ess-5tra!n Curves for 7079-T6"
(December 5. 19~7)
24. R. L. McGee, J. E. Campbell, R.L. Carlson nnil.
G. K. Manning, "The Mechanical Properties of Certain
Aircraft Metals at Very Low Temperatur es", WADC-
TR-58-386 (June 1958)
25. J.E. Campbell, "Aluminum Alloys for Cryogenic
Service", Materials Research and Standards, Volume 4,
No. 10 (October 1964)
REFERENC ES 26. J.D. Morrison and J.R. Kallus, Summary Technical
Report on an "Investigatio n of Methods for Determining
1. AMS 4024 (June 30, 1960) Revised January 31, 1964
Crack Propagation Resistance of High Strength Alloys"
2. AMS 4136 (June 30, 1962)
Southern Research Institute, Bureau of Naval Weapons,
3. AMS 4138 (August 15, 1955) Contract NOAS-60~6040c (March 1961)
4. AMS 4171A (January 15, 1960) 27. M.P. Hanson et al., "Sharp-Notc h Behavior of Some
5. Aluminum Company of America, Alcoa Aluminum
High Strength Sheet Aluminum Alloy, and Welded Joints
Handbook (1967)
at 75, -320 and -423F", Proceedings , American Society
6. The Aluminum Data Book, Reynolds Metals ComrJany Test Materials, Volume 60 (1960)
(1965) 28. Alcoa Research Laboratories , Data Sheet (August 1962)
7. The Aluminum Association, "Standards for Wrought 29. Aluminum Compwty of America, Research Laboratorie s,
Aluminum Mill Products" (September 1965)
8.
"Isochronou s Stress-Strai n Curves for Several Heat-
M.S. Hunter and W.G. Fricke Jr., "Study of Crack
Treated Wrought Aluminum Alloys at 300 nnd 4000F
Inltlatlon Phenomena Associated with Stress Corrosion
(1958)
of Aluminum Alloys", Alcoa NASA Contract NAS-8-20396 30. D.A. Paul, "Fatigue Behavior of 2014-TG, 7075-TG
Second Annual Report (July 15, 1968) and 7079-TG Aluminum Alloy Regular Hand Forgings",
9. J.G. Kaufman, G. E. Nordmark and B. W. Llfka, WADC TR-59-591 (January 1960)
"Fracture Toughness, Fatigue and Co't"roslon Charac- 31. Cryogenic Materials Data Handbook, ProgreRs Report
teristics of 7075 - T651 and 7079 - T651 Aluminum No. 2, Supplement to ML-TDR-64 -280 (July 1965)
Alloys". Alcoa AFML-TR-6 5-170, Contract AF33(657)- 32. S.R. SwWlson, F. Cicci and W, Hoppe, "Cra~k
11155 (May 1965) Propagation In Clad 7079-TG Aluminum Alloy Sheet",
to. D.J. Brownhlll, R. E. Davis and D.O. Sprowls, ASTM STP 415 page 312 (1967)
"Mechanical Properties, Including Fracture Toughness 33. Metals Handbook, Volume I, "Properties Wld Selection
and Fatigue and Resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking of Metals", American Society for Metals (1961)
of Stress Relieved Stretched Aluminum Alloy Extrusions", 34. "Metallic Materials and Elements for Flight Vehicle
Alcoa AFML-TR-6 9-34, Contract AF33(G15)-3580 Structures", Mllltary llnndbook-5, Department of
(February 1968) Defense (August 1962)
11. R. W. Judy Jr. and R.J. Goode, "Metallurgic al Charac- 35. P.C. Mlller, "Low Temperntu~e Mechanical Properties
teristics of 111gb Strengih Materials", 12th Quarterly of Several Aluminum Alloys :u~d their Weldments",
Report, NRL Report 6607, page 88 (September 1967) NASA-TMX-50058 (October 2, 1961)
12. G. w. Stickley and D.J. Brownhlll, "Mechanical 36. J. Corey McMillian and 1\flchnel V. Hyatt, "Developme nt
Properties of Stretched Stress-Relie ved Aluminum Pinto", of lllgh Strength Aluminum Alloys with Improved Stress
Alcon Research Labs, ML-TDR-64 -105 (May 1964) Corrosion Resistance" , The Boeing Compwty, AFML-
13. F. T. Inouye, "Properties of Large 7079 Aluminum Alloy TR-68-148, Contract AF33(615)-3G97 (June 1968)
Forgings, in a Cryogenic Environmen t", Aero jet-General 37. J. K. Wareham, "Forming Plate Sheet and Foil",
Corporation , NASA-cR-5 13 (July 1966) Aluminum Volume ID, "Fabrication and Finishing",
14. Aluminum Company of America Research Laboratory, American Society for Metals, page 153 (1967)
Daln Sheet (August 29, 1957) 38. R.S. Barker and J.G. Sutton, "Stress Relieving and
15. "Material-A luminum Alloys", Duplex Thermal Exposure Stress Control", Aluminum Volume ill, Fabrication and
Compressiv e Yield, General Dynamics, FTDM-3152 Finishing", American Society for Metals, page 355
IAorll 15. 1964) (1967)
 REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
J.L. SHANNON

1. GENERAL 1.053 Solution treat to W Condition. 860 to SBOF, 25 minutes

This heat treatable alloy contnlns zinc, copper and to 4.5 hour minimum, depending on thickness and
magnesium as hardeners. At present It Is the strongest equipment, cold water quench. For exact times of
AI
wrought aluminum alloy produced. lte general solution treatment and quench delay see 4. 04 In 2024
properties arc similar to those of 7075, but Its use is
7 Zn
and Clad 2024.
limited to a rather narrow range of thicknesses due to 1.0531 Producers' range for some products 860 to 925F,
its limited hardenability. Welding of this alloy is not (Ref 19, pp 58-61)(Ref 22, pp 122-123). Consumers
3 Mg
recommended. consider this range too wide because of possible Inter- 2 Cu
granular melting above 880F, (Ref 11).
Commercial Designation 1.054 Artificially age W Condition to TG Condition. 240 to 0.3 Cr
7178 and Clad 7178. 260F, 24 to 28 hours, (Ref 19, pp 58-GO) (Ref 22, p 122).
1.055 Stretch (stress relief) 1 to 3 percent and artificially age
1.02 Alternate Designations W Condition to T651 Condition, (See 7075).
7178
A 78 S (obsolete), Alclad 7178. CLAD'7178
1. 03 Spec!C!cat!ons
Table 1.03.
TABLE 1.03

Superseded Current
AMS Bare or Clad Form Military Federal
Specification Specifications

405lB Clad Sheet, Plate (OCondltlon) 11111-A-9183 QQ-A-250/15d

4052A(1) Clad Sheet, Plate (TG, T651, F (2) Conditions) 11111-A-9183 QQ-A -250/15d

----- Bare Sheet, Plate (0, TG, T651, F (2) Conditions) Mll-A-9180 QQ-A -250/14d
4158A(1) Bare Extruded Bar and Shapes (0, TG, TG2, TG51 Conditions) Mll-A-9186 QQ-A -200/13a

(1) T6 Condition only.

(2) As Fabricated.

1. 04 Compaslt!on
Table 1,04,
TABLE 1.01

Source AlliS (1)(2)(3), Alcoa (19). Aluminum Association (22)

Bare, Core of Clad Cladding
7178 7072"
1.06 Hardcnnb.!Jlli:
Percent Percent This alloy has low hardennbll!ty, (Ref 10).
Min Max Min Max I. 061 It develops full hardening on cold water quenching and
Zinc 6.3 7,3 0. s 1.3 aging In plate only in thicknesses up to 1.5 Inch and In
Magnesium 2.4 3.1 0.10 extrusions only up to o. 75 Inch. Greater thicknesses
Copper 1.6 2.4 0.10 offer no advantage over 7075.
Chromium 0.18 0.40 1,062 It requires shorter quench delay times than other alloys.
Iron
Silicon
-
-
0.7
0.50
} Fe+ Si
0. 7
This and the low solution trent temperature limit
solution treating to 0. 032 inch minimum thickness.
Manganese - 0.30 0.10 1,063 Recommended quench delay times nrc 5 second maximum
Titanium - 0,20 for o. 032 to o. 050 inch thickness and 7 second maximum
Other Impurities for thicknesses over 0. 050 inch.
Each 0.05 0.05
Total 0,15 0.15 1.07 Forms and Conditions Avatlnblc
Aluminum Balance Balance 1.071 Alloy is avn!lnblc in form of bare and clad sheet and
plate in thicknesses up to 2 inches, and in form or
C !adding thickness per side: Nominal 1 percent of composite thickness, extruded bare bar and shapes in thicknesses up to 3
minimum av~rnge 3. 2 percent of composite thickness. inches, (Ref 5, pp 36 and 55).
1, 072 Alloy is nvallnblc In 0, T6 and TG51 Conditions for
sheet and plate and 0, TG, TG510 and TG5.11 Conditions
for extruded forms, (Ref 5, pp 36 and 55).

1. 08 Melting and Casting Practice

1.05 Ileal Treatment
1.051 Anneal heat treated conditions to 0 Condition. 775F,
2 to 3 hour, cool at an uncontrolled rate up to 400F cor
less, reheat to 450F for 4 to 6 hours, (Ref 19, p 6:l)
(Ref 22, pp 122-123) (Ref 23, pp 329-330j.
1.052 Intermediate anneal during repeated cold worldng
0 Condition. GSOF, (Ref 19, p 62). Time at temperature
should be kept at a minimum and to 30 minute maximum
for sheet parts to avoid grnln coarsening and poor
formability, (Ref 10).
This anneal can also be applied to heat treated material
![ only moderate forming operations are to be performed.
Sec 2024.
1,09 Special Considerations
Sec 7075 and Clad 7075 also.
1.091 llardenab!lity. Developing full hardness In this alloy
is a problem, (Sec 1. 06).
1.092 Toughness. No Information is available on the fracture
toughness of this alloy. However, based on experience
with other high strength aluminum alloys (e.g., 7075)
and on the high sensitivity of this alloy In tho aged
condition to sharp notches (Sec Figure 3.03711),
special attention should be given to crack propagation
resistance when using this alloy In crttlcal applications.

CODE 3210
 NONFERRO US ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

~I 2.01 Thermal Properties
7 Zn 2.011 Melting range. 890 to 1165F, (Ref 19, p 42) (Ref 22,
p 119).
Mg 2.012 Phase changes. Alley is precipitation hardening.
3 2.013 Thermal conductivity. 72.5 Btu rt per (hr sq rt :F) at
2 Cu 77F, T6 and T651 Conditions, (Ref 19, p 42) (Ref 22,
p 118).
0.3 Cr 2.014 Thermal expansion, Figure 2. 014.
2.015 Specific heat. 0.23 Btu per (lb F), (Ref 11, p 950).
7178 2.02 Other Physical Properties
CLAD'7178 2.021 Density. 0.102 lb per cu in, 2.82 gr per cu em,
(Ref 22. p 119).
2.022 Electrical resistivity. 2. 2 microhm - in at 68F,
T6 Condition, (Ref 22, p 118).
2.023 Mngnetic properties. Alloy is nonmagnetic.

2.03 Chemical Properties

Same as 7075 and Clad 7075.

3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties

3.011 Aluminum Association, Federal Government and AlliS
specified mechanical properties for bare and clud sheet,
plate and extrusions in 0 Condition, Table 3. 011.
TABLE 3.011

Source Aluminum Association, Aluminum Association,

(22. pp 37 and 57) (22, p 37)
Federal Government (24, p 2) Federal Government (25, p 2)
AlliS (1, p 1)
Condition 0
Alloy 7178 Clad 7178
Form Sheet Plate Extrusions Sheet Plate
0.015 0.015
Thickness, Inch to to
0.499 0.500 All 0.499 o. 5oo

I 40 40 40 36 40

I I
Ftu , max, ksl
Fty , max, ksl
e(2 In or 4 D), min, percent

...
21
10 I 10
-
I 24
10
20
10 10
-
Up to 32 Inch 2 area
For plate ;;. 0.500 Inch thickness the clad Is removed In specimen preparation and therefore
the properties are for core material only. Ftu for composite plate Is slightly lower.

3. 012 Aluminum .\Ssoclatlon and Federal Government

spectned mechanical properties for bare sheet and plate
in TG and TG51 Conditions, Table 3.012
TABLE 3.012

Aluminum Association (22, p 37)

Source
Federal Government (24, p 2)

Alloy 7178
Form Sheet Plate
Condition T6 T6 and T651

0.015 0.045 0.250 0.500 1.001 1.501

Thickness, Inch to to to to to to
0.044 0.249 0.499 1.000 1.500 2.000

Ftu, min, ksl 83 84 84 84 84 80

Fty, min, ksl 72 73 73 73 73 71)
e(2 In or 4 D), mln,percent 7 8 6 6 4 3
 AIWT
REVISED: MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.013 Aluminum Association, Federal Government and AMS

specified mechanical properties for clad sheet and
plate In T6 and T651 Conditions, ':.'able 3. 013. AI
7 Zn
TABLE 3.013
3 Mg
Source Aluminum Association (22, p 37)
Federal Government (25, pp 2-3), AMS (3, p 1) 2 Cu
Alloy Clad 7178 0.3 Cr
Form Sheet Plate
Condition T6 T6 and T651 7178
CLAD'7178
I 0::11.~1*1
Thickness, Inch 0.045 0.250 1. 501*
0.0151
to to to to
0.044 0.249 0.499 1. 000 1. 500 2.000
Ftu, min, ksi 76
I 78 84 80
Fty, min, ksi
e(2 in or 4 D), min, percent I 66
7 I 8
78
68
8
68
6 I 4
841
73

For plate ';;is0.500 inch thickntlss the clad is removed in specimen preparation and
3
73
I 70

therefore the properties arc for ~ore matcrlai only. Ftu and Fty for composite plate
nrc slightly lower.

3.014 Aluminum Association, Federal Government and AMS

specified mechanical properties for bare extrusions
In T6, T6510 and T6511 Conditions, Table 3. 014.

TABLE 3.014

Alloy 7178
Form Extrusions
Condition Thickness Area Ftu min ~'ty min e(2 in or
Source inch Inch 2 40), min
ksi ksi
Percent

Up thru 0. 061 Up thru 20 82 76 5

Aluminum Association (22, p 57), T6,T6510 0.062- 0.219 Up thru 20 81 76 5
Federal Government (26, p 2) and T6511 0.250- 1.499 Up thru 25 87 78 5
1.500-2.499 Up thru 25 86 77 5
1.500 - 2.499 Over 25 thru 32 84 75 5
2.500-2.999 Up thru 32 82 71 5
Up thru o. 249 All 85 78 5
AlliS (2, p 2) T6 0.250- 1.499 Ail 88 79 5
1.500-2.999 Ail 86 78 5

3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature

Sec 3. 03 also.
3.021 Tension.
3. 02101 Typical room temperature tensile propert.les for 0,
T6 and T651 Conditions, Table 3,02101.
TABLE 3.02101
Source Aluminum Association 122 o 116
llnv 7178 Clad~
CnndJlion 0 T6 T651 0 T6 T651
l'tu, ksi 33 88 32 81
l'ty, ksi 15 78. 14 71
e(2 In) oe rc cnt 15 10 16 10
t\J>Proxlmately 10 percent higher for extruded products

3. 02102 Spread In room temperature tensile properties for

seventeen plates In T651 Condition from three producers,
Figure 3. 02102.
,...,. Yt' I

NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISEDMARCH 1968

3.02103 Room temperature tensile elongation Wid tensile Wid

AI compressive yield strengths as reinted to gage length
Wid offset for rod .and extrusion in T6 Condit.ton,
7 Zn Table 3. 02103.
TABLE 3.02103
3 Mg Source (18, p 599)
2 Cu Alloy 7178
0.3 Cr Condition T6
Ftu Fty- ksi F0 :1'- ksi e, Percent, in
ksi for offset of for offset of
7178
CLAD'7178
Form
0.1 I 0.2
Percent Percent
0.1 I 0.2
Percent Percent linch I 2 inch I 10 Inch

I~ 1~1~1 79.3 1~1 ~I~ I----s:9

Rolled and
Drawn Rod 87.8 8.0
Extrusion 94.9 85.7 86.8 83.0 15.9 ' 12.8
3.022 Compress!on, (Sec also Table 3.02103).
3.02201 Spread In room temperature compressive yield
strength for seventeen plates In T651 Condition from
three producers, Figure 3.02201.
3.023 Impact.
3.024 Bending.
3.0241 Approximate radii for 900 cold bend for sheet In 0 and
T6 Conditions, Table 3. 0241.
TABLE 3.0241
Source Alcoa (19, p 102)
Form Sheet
Thickness, l-Inch 1/64 I 1/32 I 1/16 1 1/8 I 3/16 I 1/4 I 3/8 I 1/2

7178 - o
7178 - To I 0
2t - It I () I
3t - 5t
0- 11
It - Gt
I 5t11-7t I It _ 21
51 - 71 1
1.51 _ 3tJ 2. 51 _ 4t
6t - 10 7t - 1lt
I 3t- St
7t - 1~1

Clad shcPI can be bent over slightly smaller radii than the corresponding tempers of the
unclad alloy.
3.025 Shear.
---
3.0251 Spread In room temperature shear strength for
seventeen plates In T651 Condition from three producers
Figure 3.0251.
3. 0252 Effect of test method and specimen orientation on room
temperature shear strength of plate In T651 Condition.
Table 3. 0252.
TAB l.J' 3. 0252
Source (~1-4~'--------------------~
Alloy 7178
Form --~1~.2~5~In~c~h~P~l~n~tc~--------------~
Condition --....,-..:T..:;6.:;5~1=:------------------~
Fsu- ksl
Double Shear Tests Single Shear Tests
Amsler Tool Rivet Tool
loading Direction X y ., X y z X y z
53.0 40,G 47.6 45.7 55.2
52.2 48.4 48.0 44.4 53.4
47.8 47.6 42.1 13.1 44.4 42.7

0. 001 C lea ranee

1
4

Supports
D = 3/8 Except for YZ and XZ Planes
where D = 3/16
!Ugld Shear Tool (Amsler)
specimens machined from mid-thickness of plate.
1- 1!.4 ~
1 -1 r-- !.4
 AIWT
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.0253 Effect of test method and specimen orientation on room

temperature shear strength of sheet In T651 Condition, AI
Table 3. 0253.
TABLE 3.0253 7 Zn
3 Mg
Source (14.)
2 Cu
Alloy 7178
Form 0. 063 Inch Sheet 0.3 Cr
Condition T651
Fsu - ksl 7178 .
CLAD'7178
Single Shear

Shear Plane - Direction XZ-X YZ-Y

57.4 58.2

T
I

- ' 1-1/21-

3.026 Bearing. 3.038 Combined properties.

3. 0261 Spread In room temperature bearing strength for
seventeen plates in TG51 Condltir.n from three 3.04 C rccp and Creep Rupture Properties
producers, Flgu re 3. 0261. 3.041 Short time total strain curves at 300 to GOOF for clad
3.027 Stress concentration. sheet In T6 Condition, l'igu rc 3. 041.
3. 0271 Notch properties, (Sec 3.0371).
3.028 Combined properties. 3.05 l'atigue Properties
3.051 500 m!lllon cycle fatigue limit for bare and clad sheet In
Mechanical Properties ut Various Temperatures Tfl Condition, Table 3.051.
3.03
See 3.02 also. TABLE :!.051
3.031 Tension.
Effect of exposure at test temperature on tensile Source (15)
3.03101
properties of clad sheet In TG Condition, Figure3.03101 7178
3.0311 Effect of exposure at test temperature on stress strain ~L
Form o. 064 Inch Sheet
curves In tension for alad sheet In TG Condition,
Condition TG
Figure 3.0311.
Cladding Fatigue Limit, (I) ksl

3.032 Compression. Thickness

3.03201 Effect of exposure at lest temperah:"t,, on compressive

yield strength of bare and clad shoe. in '1'6 Condition,
Alloy
I Each Side,
Percent (2)
Bare
I Ale lad

Figure 3. 03201.
3.0321 Effect of exposure at test temperature on stress strain
curves In compression for clad sheet In TG Condltlcn,
7072
I 4
I 20
I 12

(1) Fatigue strength nt 500 million cycles of reversed bending stress.

Figure 3.0321. (2) Percent of lotal composite thickness.
3.033 Impact.
3.034. Bending. 3.052 Effect of anodic coating on reversed flexural fatigue
3,035 Shear. properties of clad sheet In TG Condition, Figure 3. 052.
3.0351 Effect of exoosure at test temperature on shear strength 3.053 Room temperature axial stress fatigue strength of
of clad sheelln T6 Condillon, Figure 3.0351. riveted joint, Figure 3.053.
3.036 Bearing.
3.0361 Effect of exposure al test temperature on bearing 3.06 E lasl!c Properties
properties of clad sheet !n T6 Condition, Figure 3.0361. 3.061 Modulus of clnstlch.y at room and elevated temperatures.
3.037 Stress conccntrntlon. Figure 3.061.
3.0371 Notch properlles. 3.062 Tangent modulus curves In compression for clad
3.03711 Effect or test temperature on smooth and sharp notch sheet in TG Condition at room and elevated temperatures,
properties of sheet In TG Condition, Figure 3.03711. Figure 3.062.
AIWT
NONFERR OUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

4. FABRICATION
AI Similar to 7075 and Clad 7075. Only complementary ~r
different Information Is listed below.
7 Zn 4.01 Formability
4,011 TG Condition possesses very limited formnbllity at
3 Mg room temperature, but its formability Improves
2 Cu considerably with Increasing temperntur<!.
Recommended forming temp<!rature Is :!75 to 325F,
0.3 Cr 1 hour maximum.
4.012 B<!nding. 0 CondiUon requires slightly larger bend
factors than 2024-0. IV CondiUon can uc bent to radll
7178 slightly lnrg<!r than those nc<!dcd for 0 Con<IJUon. TG
CLAD'7178 Condition requlr<!s sllghtly greater bend factors than
7075-TG. Bend factor for 0 and 1'6 Conditions ar<!
given In Table 3, 0241.
4.03 Welding. As with other high strength aluminum alloys,
welds In this alloy have a tendency to cr:lCk durin~
cooling. Wcl<ling Is therefore not recommended. When
special care is taken ,however, sound welds having low
strength and ductility can be produc<!d, Sprelal
trehnlqucs Involving certain filler metal COIDJ>O>'ilions
and postweld heat treatments can produce well strengths
approaching those of the base metal uut with e\'cr.
greater sacrifice In ducllllty, (Her 27).
4. 031 Effret of test temperature on smooth and sharp notch
tensile properties of welded TG sheet. Figure LU:IJ.

4.01 Heating and ll<!at Tr<!nllng

4.041 This alloy requl r<!s shor!er quench delay than those
specified by MIL-11-GOBSB (ASG). Qu<!nch delay of
7 second maximum for nil material L'Xcccdlng 0. 050 Inch
thickness and 5 second maximum for thinner sections
Is recommend<!d.
4.042 Ileal treallng or rchcatlrcallng of sheet In thicknesses
below 0, 032 Inch by the fabricator Is not rreommcndcd.
\

AI-7Zn-3Mg-ZC u- 0.3 Cr
PLATE
TSI COt>:DJTION
17 PLATES, 3 PRODUCERS
100 0 0 L
T RT TESTS

IS

t..
0:
w
~14
~
0:
w
~
~13

"': 0
IZ
-zoo 0 zoo 400 600 f..
TEMP- F
~ Jo~--~1~~~~~~9a~~~~~S6~~~SR~7S/.I-~~~~
FIG. Z. 014 THERMAL EXPANSION u
0:
(IZ, p. 35) w
~
THICKNESS~0.75-IN,I/2-IN ROUND SPECIMF:N USED, TAKEN

S L-----~------~~F~R~O~M~C~E=N~T~E~R~O~F_P~L~A~T~E~----~----~
0 .z .4 .6 .8 1.0 l.Z 1.4
PLATE THICKNESS IN
FIG. 3. OZIOZ SPREAD IN ROOM TEMPERATUR E TENSILE PROPERTIES_'
l'OR SEVENTEEN PLATES IN T6SJ CONDITION FROM ,,,
THREE PRODUCERS.
 AIWT
REVISEDMARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

(
'--
100
A1-7Zn-3Mg-ZCu-O. 3Cr I
PLATE RT TESTS AI
T651 CONDITION 0 L
7 Zn
90
17 PLATES, 3 PRODUCERS

- 4r-...- - ~-
-
T

3 Mg

o If 2 Cu
Q),.. ( &16 F
CY
~ 0 0.3 Cr
80
- r-8-- - r-
PLATE THICKNESS-E;. S-IN FULL THICKNESS SHEET-
-- 7178
TYPE SPECIMEN USED CLAD'7178
PLATE THICKNESS~- 75-IN 1/2-INROUND SPECIMEN USED
TAKEN FROM CENTER OF PLATE
70
0 .z .4 .6 .8 1.0 l.Z
PLATE THICKNESS- IN
FIG. 3. OZZOI SPREAD IN ROOM TEMPERATURE COMPRESSIVE
YIELD STRENGTH FOR SEVENTEEN PLATES IN
T651 CONDITION FROM THREE PRODUCERS.
(16, p. 30)

Al-7Zn-3Mg-ZCu-O. 3Cr
RT TESTS
PLATE
T651 CONDITION
0 L
17 PLATES, 3 PRODUCERS
T
60 ~----+-----~-----+-----+------r-----1-~

SPECIMEN DlA FROM 3/16 TO 3/8 INCH

0 .?. .4 .6 .8 1.0 l.Z

PLATE-,TH1CKNESS - IN
FIG. 3.0ZSI SPREAD IN ROOM TEMPERATURE SHEAR STRENGTH
FOR SEVENTEEN PLATES IN T651 CONDITION FROM
THREE PRODUCERS.
116. ,_ 301
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

zo
A1-7Zn-3Mg-ZCu-O. 3Cr
AI PLATE
T651 CONDITION
7 Zn 180 3 PRODUCERS
3 Mg
2 Cu
160
0.3 Cr :I
a:
Ill
7178 ~

CLAD'7178

12.0
A
l
T W D e/D=1. 5 c/D=Z. 0
ZSO- . 315 Z 0. 5 FLATWISE
373 - 1. zs 1. 5. 0. 375
l. 00 - l. ZS 1. 0 0. 2.5 EDGEWISE
.T .T
.0.L OL

100~----~----~-----L----~----~~----~----~----~
0 .2. .4 .6 .8 1.0 1.2. 1.4
PLATE THICKNESS -IN
FIG. 3. 02.61 SPREAD IN ROOM TEMPERATURE BEARING STRENGTH FOR
SEVENTEEN PLATES IN T651 CONDITION FROM THREE PRO-
DUCERS.
(16, p. 30)
80 1----+--\-.;-_.___-f-----~ 40 ~
1--

"'
60

~ 40
>-
...
"' zo
...z
!ol 0
u 40
a:
w
p,

0
0 zoo 40(, 600
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.03101 EFFECT CF EXPOSURE AT
TEST TEMPER.".TURE ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION.
 AIWT
REVISE DMARC H 1968 NONF ERRO US ALLOYS

Al-7Zn-3M g-ZCu-O. 3Cr Al-7Zn-3M g-ZCu-O. 3Cr (

0. 064 IN SHEET 1-----1 AI
80 1-----1 ----+-- -+(CL AD} T6 CONDITIO N
RT
O. 064 IN SHEET
T6 CONDITIO N
COMPRES SION 7 Zn
ZlZF
3 ~g
2 Cu
Cr
7178
CLAD'7178

0
ZlZF
60

STRAiN - IN PER IN 0. 004 0. 008 0. OIZ 0 0. 004 0. 008 0.012

STRAIN - IN PER IN
FIG. 3.0311 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AT TEST TEMPERA TURE
ON STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN TENSION FOR FIG. 3. 0321 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AT TEST TEMPERA TURE
CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION. ON STRESS STRAIN CURVES IN COMPRESSION
(6, pp 115-120) FOR CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION.
(6,pp 121-126)

60r-~~~----~~~~ ~~~--~
3Cr(CLAD )
Al-7 Zn-3Mg- ZCu-0.
0. 187 IN SHEET
I
_.,.....n,. T6 CONDITIO N
40 r-----~~~--,_~E~X~P~O~S~U~R~E~-;
1/ZHR
0 IOOHR
A. IOOOHR
ZOr------+--~:~,_~---,------~
~40
Fey
OL-----~-----L----~----~
20 0 zoo 400 600 800
tEMP- F
eo A. (b)
FIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OF EXPOSUR E AT
0 ... (8)
800
TEST TEMPER, \TURE ON
SHEAR STRENGT H OF CLAD
400 600
0 zoo SHEET IN T6 CONDITIO N.
TEMP- F (6, p. 82)

FIG. 3. 03201 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AT TEST TEMPERA TURE

ON COMPRESS IVE YIELD STRENGTH Of' BARE
AND r.I.AD SHEET IN T6 CONDITIO N,
AIWT
NON FERROUS ALLOYS REVISED MARCH 1968

Al-7 Zn-3Mg-ZC u-O. 3Cr (CLAD)

AI . 0. 064 IN SHEET
IZO
T6 CONDITION
7 Zn
3 MQ
80
2 Cu
0.3 Cr
IZ
7178
CLAD'7178
80 0

~
>- 40
a:
Ill
1>.

0
0 zoo 400 600 800
100~------~------------------~~~
TEMP F A1-7Zn-3M g-ZCu-O. 3Cr(CLAD)
FIG. 3.036I EFFECT OF EXPOSURE AT 80 1-----.; --- 0, 03Z IN SHEET
TEST TEMPERAT URE ON T6 CONDITION
BEARING PROPERTIE S OF
CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDI
TION, (6, p. 81)

140
A1-7Zn-3M g-2Cu-O. 3Cr
0.125 IN SHEET SOOF

1ZO ~ T6 CONDITION
OOOL-
~ zo

10 0
!!._
0 j-
!' . . . _
-, ___
T
I
FTU
600F

~---- t-- --r---

FTY -~
80 1---0..
- 6

0
ZPERCENT )
3PERCENT
A SPERCENT
\} 7 PERCENT
0 0.70
0.001 0. OJ 0.1 !0

- --- :---
NTS 0 TIME- HR

4 FIG. 3. 041 SHORT TIME TOTAL STRAIN CURVES AT ~00

o K ~----- TO GOOF FOR ClAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION.

(7. p 29,30)

z:c. ,.b.:at.~
(
~ :;
-*- ...
\]
~
_Lr<.001
z

--- '-_..,
I
e (2 IN)
Ht---
0
-~ ~- --

-400 -300 -ZOO -100 0 100
TEST TEMP F
REVISED MARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Al-7Zn-3Mg-2Cu-O. 3Cr(CLAD) AI
40 0. 063 IN SHEET
T6 CONDITION 7 Zn
COATING TREATMENT: 3 Mg
SURFAC!i: PREP, Rl(So/o NaOH, 150F, 30 SEC) t ANODIC
TREAT, ALUMIUTE 20l(lS%HzS04 , 70F, 12 AMP/SQ. FT.,
2 Cu
30
15 MIN) t PIGMENTATION TREAT, IRON OXIDE t SEALING 0.3 Cr
TREAT, BOILING WATER, 10 MIN. I
7178
CLAD'7178

R" -1

10

RT TESTS

SHEET FLEXURE FATIGUE SPECIMEN

0
107 108
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.052 EFFECT OF ANODIC COATING ON REVERSED FLEXURAL FATIGUE

PROPERTIES OF CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION.
(17. pp 579 & 586)

Bu
Al-7Zn-3Mg-2CJ-0. 3Cr
I
- --......,_
=r
T6 CONDITION

70 -
"'\
\
I

S/16 DIA RIVETS

t JY

>NO. m HOL"
60

iii so
:.:
\STRAP THICKNESS

~'" E'CH
~ ~--~--<:-~
o-o--6-o

"'"'w -~
~
1/8~~
0: 40 IV
....
in
:::E
:::>
3 30
RT TESTS
AXIAL LOAD
-- --- ---- \
\
X
..; R=O
::E

20 --

10 - - - ---- i------
~..... ........._,
~

0
10
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3. 053 UOOM TEMPERATURE AXIAL STRESS FATIGUE. SiRENGTH OF
RlVETED .TOINT.
(ZO)

CODE 3210
AIWT
NONFER ROUS ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH 1968

100
I I I I
AI ~ ~A1-7Zn-3Mg-ZCu-O. 3Cr
7 Zn r.. 90
WROUGHT
-
3
2
Mg
Cu
"'....
!-<
<
~~
fil 80
::>
0.3 Cr ...:!

7178
CLAD'7178
<
>
"'
0
E-<
70
""'"'~ 1\
i!l 60
~
~
p.
f>i so
AT 75F

Ec=10.5x1 0
6
-E = 10.3 x 10 PSI
6
\
PSI

40
100 zoo 300 400 500 600 700
TEMP- F

];'IG. 3. 061 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT ROOM AND

ELEVATED TEMPERATU RES.
(ZI)
80

60

~ 40

zo
SMOOTH SPECIMEN
E-< 0 INERT GAS-811IELDED ARC WELD; BEND NOT
~ 5 REMOVED. STRENGTHS BASED ON THICKNESS
u OFSHEET.
a:
fil 0
~
0
-400 -300 -ZOO -100 0 100
TEST TEMP- F

-
---
Al-7Zn-3Mg- ZCu-O. 3Cr(CLAD)
80
RT-

ZIZF
r--- 0. 064 IN SIIEET
Tb CONDITION - FIG. 4. 031 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATU RE ON SMOOTH
AND SHARP NOTCH TENSILE PROPERTIE S OF

I~
WELDED T6 SHEET.
(13, p. 6)
300F
60
r--... ...... - - ------
~
-
400F
~40
ET~
zo
COMPRESSIO N I'-
500F
600F 1-----
0 I
0 z 4 6 8 10
1000 KSI

FIG. 3. 06Z TANGENT MODULUS CURVES IN COMPRESSIO N

FOR CLAD SHEET IN T6 CONDITION AT ROOM
AND ELEVATED TEMPERATU RES.
(6, p. Z35-Z40)
 AIVV I
REVISEDMARCH 1968 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

AI
7 Zn
3 Mo
2 Cu
REFERENCES
0.3 Cr
I. AMS 40~1B (Mar 15, 1966)
2. AMS 1052A (Jan 15, 1957) 7178
3. AMS 4158A (Jan 31, 1964) CLAD'7178
4. Mil-Handbook-HID, "Cross-Index of Chemically
Equivalent Specifications and Identlflcation Code
(Ferrous and NonFerrous Alloys)", (May 15, 1958)
5. The Aluminum Association, ''Standards of Wrought
Aluminum Mill Products", (Aug. 1961)
6. Doerr, D.D., "Determination of Physical Properlles
of Ferrous and Nonferrous Structural Sheet Materials
at Elevated Temperatures", AF TR No. 6517,
Part 2, (April 1954)
7. Van Echo, J.A., Wirth, W.F. and Simmons, W.F.,
"Short Time Creep Properties of Structural Sheet
Materials for Aircraft and Missiles", AF TR No 6731,
Part Ul, (May 1955)
8. lleimerl, G.J. and Hughes P.J., "Structural
Efficiencies of Various Aluminum, Titanium and Steel
Alloys at Elevated Temper-atures", NACA TN 2975,
(July 1953)
9. Reynolds Metals Co., "The Aluminum Data Book",
(1958)
10. Pa1>cn G. W. , ''Personal Correspondence", Lockheed
Aircraft Corp., (Sept 23, 1959, Oct. 13, 1959)
11. Am Soc Met., "Meta Ia Handbook", Vol I, 8th Ed.,
(1961)
12. Aluminum Co. of America "Alcoa Aluminum Handbook",
(1959)
13. Hanson, M.P., Stickley, G.W. and Richards, H.T.,
"Sharp Notch Behavior of Some lllgh Strength Sheet
Aluminum Alloys and Welded Joints at 75, -320 and
-423F", ASTM STP 287, (1960)
14. Kaufman, J.G. and Davies, H. E., "Effects of Test
Method and Specimen Orientallon on Shear Strengths
of Aluminum Alloys", Proceedings, ASTM, Vol. 64.
( 1964), page 999

15. Sllckley, G. W. and Lyst, J.O., "Effects of Several

Coallngs on l'allgue Strengths of Some Wrought
Aluminum Alloys", J. of Materials, Vol. I, No. I.
ASTM, (March. 1966)
16. Stickley, G.W. and Brownhill, D.J., "Mechanical
Properties of Stress-Relieved Stretched Aluminum
Alloy Plate", Air Force Contract No AF33(657)-7837,
Pr.oject No 7381, Task No 738103, Technical
Documentary Report No ML TDR 64-105. (May, 1964)
17. Sllckley, G. W., "Addillonal Studies of Effects of Anodic
Coating on the Fallgue Strength of Aluminum Alloys",
Proceedings, ASTI\1, Vol. 60, (1960)
18. Sllckley, G. W. and Brownhlll, D.J., "Elongallon
and Yield Strength of Aluminum Alloys as Helated to
Gage Length and Offset". Proceedings. ASTM,
Vol. 65, 1965 .
19. Alcoa Aluminum Handbook, 1967
20. Private Communleallon, G. E. Nordmark, Aluminum
Company of America, (December 21, 19671
21. Holt, M. and Bogardus, K.O., "The 'llot' Aluminum
Alloys", Product Engtriecring, (August 16, 1965)
22. "Standards for Aluminum 1\lill Products 1966", Eighth
Edltlon, September, 1965, The Aluminum Association,
23. "Aluminum", Vol. 3, Chapter 9, ASM,(\967)
24. Federal Specification QQ-A-250/14d, (March 17, 1967)
25. Federal SpecUicallon QQ-A-250/15d, (March 17, 1967)
26.. Federal Spcciflcalion QQ-A-200/13a, (March 8, 1967)
27. Colllns, F. R., "Improved Strengths In Welded lllgh
Strength, Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys", Welding
Journal. (August , 1962)
1. GENERAL 1.07 Forms lllld Conditions AvaUable
Aluminum alloy 7039 is a recently developed heat treat- 1.071 The 7039 alloy I commercially avaUable as plate, AI
able alumlnumzlnc-magneoium ternary alloy. The forgings lllld ertruslons. Sheet Is avaUable upon special
addition of small amounts of chromium lllld mangaaeoe Inquiry, (7). 4 Zn
strengthen the alloy aDd Improve Its corrosion resist 1.072 Alloy Is avallable in the annealed (0) temper and In two
ance. 'Ibis alloy was developed prlmarUy for armor
plate appllcations. The combination of high streogth,
heat treated tempers, T6llllld T64. 2.8 Mg
1.073 Alloy Is available as heat treated armor plate, (7),
high toughness, good weldabUity, excellent formabUity 1.074 AvaUabllll:y or sheet and plate, Table I. 074 0.25 Mn
aDd stress corrosion reolstance also make this alloy
suitable for application In mlssUes, ve88els and ather 0.20Cr
structural components. High tensUe and yield strength
at room temperature, and the strength and ductU!ty of
naturally aged weldments at -320F also suggest the use TABLE I 074 7039
of this alloy for low temperature applications. The as- Source 2
welded strength ol alloy 7039 Is approximately 20 percent Alloy Al4Zn2. 8MilO. 25MnO. 20Cr
higher than that of ather heat treatable aluminum alloys Product Avallabllltv of aheet and plate
and Is accompanied by good weld ductility, The use of
this alloy for future vehicles, hulls lllld armored test
vehicles Is being considered, (4X5)(7).
Forn
Sheet (T6!)
Plate (1'61 and 1'6151)
Thickness in
0.1880. 249
o. 2502. 000
1 Width In
all
all

1. 01 Commercial Designation
7039.

1.02 Alternate Designations

AI 7039, Aluminum Alloy 7039. 1,08 Meltl!!g lllld Caotl!!g Practice
1.03 Speclflcatioos Special Considerations
1.09
MlLA-46063 Properties reported for the T6 temper apply to the T64
1.091
ASThf B-209-65. temper recently registered with the Aluminum Assocla
tlon In August !964, (2),
Composition
Table 1.04. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
2.

TABLE i.04 2.01 Thermal Properties

2,011 Melting range. 1090 to 1180F, T6, (S).
Source (1) (2)(3)(4)(12)(13 1070 to 1180F, 0. (7),
Percent Percent 2,012 Phase changes
Nominal Min Max 2.0121 Tlmetemperature-tranaformation diagrams
Chromium 0.20 0.15 0:-2S 2,013 Thermal conductivity.
Copper 0.015 . 0.10 89.5 Btu tt per (hr sq ft F), 0,
Iron
Magnesium
0.15
2.8
-
2.3
0.40
3.3
84.7 Btu tt per (hr sq tt F), 1'61,
82. 2 Btu ft per (hr sq tt F), 1'64, (7),
Manganese 0.3 0.10 0.40 Thermal expansion, Fig, 2, 014.
Silicon 0.07 . 0.30 13.3 x 106 In per In perF, at RT to 212F,
Titanium 0.!0 . 0.!0 1'64, (5)
Zinc 4.0 3.5 4.5 13.0.x 106 In per In perF, at RT to 2!2F,
Other, each . . o.os 1'61, T64, (7)
to<al . . 0.15 2,015 Specific beat
Aluminum Balance Balance 2.016 Thermal dlffuslv ity

2.02 Other Physical Properties

!.OS Heat Treatment 2,021 Density, 0,099 lb per cu In; 2. 74 gr per cu em, 1'64,
!.OS! The alloy Is fully heat treatable, 1'61, 0. (2XSX7).
!.052 Full anneal, (0 temper), 2.022 Electrical properties
775F, 2 hours, slow cooltopreclpltatezlncandmagneslum 2,0221 Electrical conductivity
from solutioo (oee also 4. 011), (2XJ), 35\1!, lACS, (2X5).
1.0521 Limited softening of cold worked material may be 4a;t lACS, 0, (7).
accomplished at lower temperatures of 5SOF or 650F, 2,0222 Electrical resistivity.
Maximum softening occurs at 775F (recrvotalllzatlonl. 1.93 microhm-In at RT, T61 temper, (14).
1.053 Solution treat, (Condition W). 2,023 Magnetic properties. The alloy Is nonmagnetic.
750 to 850F; soaking time should be conolstant with the 2,024 Emlsslvl<y
thickness or the material and followed by an Immediate 2,025 Domplng capacity
cold water quench.
!.054 Age 2,03 Chemical Properties
The alloy ages naturally at room temperature and 2,031 The general corrosloo resistance ol7039 Is comparable
exhibits a moderate rate of Increase of strength with to that of the 5052, 5086, 5083 alloys and Is superior
Increasing time after solution treatment. (2X7). (See to most heat treatable aluminum alloys.
also 4, 012), 2,0311 Standard accelerated tests on plate such as:
1.055 Artlflcal aging., a) Immersion In 6\1!, NaCI for 6 months,
Artlflcal aging or this alloy to tempero 1'64 and 1'61 can b) l!xposure to 5\1!, NaCl aalt fog,
be achieved. However, these practices are only obtain show evidence of a slljtht superficial otaln and a mUd,
able on request from the producer at this time, (2X7). shallow pitting attack without meaaurahle loss In strength,
There Is no evidence of lntergranula::- corrosion In a
Hardness sodlumchlorldehydrugen peroxide test.
Brbieii'iiirdncss (1500 kg, 10 mm ball) 2.032 Stress corrosion
!23 (T61 temper), 2,0321 The alloy has better &treescorroslon reslstaoce In the
!33 (T64 temper), short-transverse direction In the 1'61 temper than In the
61 (0 temper), (7), 1'64 temper. T61 t'!r.per should be preferred for critical

CODE 3212
PAGE
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1966

applicati ons, Resist.&DCe to general corrosio n and pinlllg

AI Is similar lor both tempers, (7), 3.015 Aluminum Associat ion mechani cal property limits lor
Tests In the short-tra nsverse direction exhibit better sheot and plate In condition T61 and T651, Table 3. 015.
4 Zn stress corrosio n resistanc e or 7039 alloy than that or
aluminum alloys 7079-T6 , 7075-T6 and 2024-T6 but TABLE 3,015
less
2.8 Mg than that of 5083 alloy, (7), However, In the short- Source _i12
transver se direction the alloy tails at high stress but Allgy Al-4:zn,-2 ~MI!.- . 25M n-O 2nr.,
0.25 Mn susceptlb lllty decrease s with decreasi ng stress. 1bere- Eorm Sheet Plate
!ore, the load should not be applied In that direction I Condition T61. .T6 ..'1'62
or
020C r the stress should be reduced to a aa!e level, (2). Thicknes s - In 0.188 to 0.249 0. 250to 2 llOO.
1 . - - - - - - . . J 2,0322 Hate In Condition T64, tested In lcmgltudlnsl and lcmg- Ftu -min-ksl 55 55
transver se direction . did not fall after Immersi on in F'l,, -min-ksl 45 45
7039 NaCI solution lor 90 days when stressed to 49 ksl (85%
6% e( in), -min-per cent !0 10
Fty). or 40
2,0323 Specimens strained an amoUDt equivale nt to a load of
45 ksl and Immerse d In 6% NaCI (continuous Immersio 3-02 Mechani cal Properti es at Room Tempera ture
n), 3,021 Tension, see also Table 3, 02711.
3. 5% sea salt solution (alternat e Immersi on) did not fall
after over 90 days of testing, Specime ns had a lcmg- 3,0211 Stress-s train diagram s
transver se bend radU of 2,3 and 4 times the thicknes 3.0212 Mechanical properti es at room temperat ure, Table
s of 3-0212,
a 0, 75 Inch plate,
2,0324 Weldments did not !all when stressed 25 ksl (50% Ft
2,033 ), TABLE3 0212
Stress corrosJon properties at dUferent stress levefs
lor plate in lcmg-tra nsverse direction , Table 2. 033, Source 5) (7
Alloy AI-4Zn-2 , BMg-0, 25Mn-O. 20Cr
TABLE 2.033 Form Plate a)
Condition T64(b T61
l::tource
7 1bl. an T6 0
Allov
Form
Al-4Zn-2 . BM~<-0. 25M n-O. 20Cr
Thicknes s - In
Ftu -ksl, L, T
.~:~
65
-
58 65
- -33
Plates F 1~, -ksl, L, T 55
Condition T64 48 55 t5
T64 5183 0 T~5039 e( In)
Thicknes s - In
Stress Corrosion
1.~
0.75
Applied Stress
F su.:rsr.crr L. T 13
39
14 13
39
22
-
--
Resistan ce
ksl T 37 34 37
Fcy,-ksl , L 58 sa
NF
NF
In 90 days
~- - - - T 60
55
59 60 -
In 90 days
-
49 - Fbruksl , L 132 - 132 -
NF
NF
In 90 days
In 90 days -
-
-
24 -
26 (e/D = 2)
T 132 120 132 -
4pt. loading In 6 percent NaCl, long transver se samples Hardnes s, BHN (c) 133 123 133 61
Wcldments tested after 30 days' natural aging (a) Values of average material from production
NF = No !allure (b) Propertl~s for T64 temper are identical to
propcl"tlcs for T6 temper
(c) 1500 Kg; !Omm b.1ll
2. 04 Nuclear Propcrtie s

3, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 3.0213 Effect or aging time on tensile properti es of alloy, Fig,
3,0213.
3-01 Specified Mechanical Propertie s 3.0214 Effect of storage tempera ture and aging on yield strength
3.0ll AMS Specifications of alloy, Fig. 3,02i4.
3-012 MUltary Specifications 3.0215 Tear strength of plate In Condition T64, Table 3, 0215,
3.013 ASTM specified mechani cs! properti es, Table 3-013,

TABLE 3 0215
TABLE 3 013
Source 13 So.urce (7 TI:l. X)
Allov AI-4Zn-2 . 8Ml'!-0. 25Mn-0. 20Cr All oiL Al-4Zn-2 8M2-0. 25Mn-O 20Cr
Form Form Plate
Sheet plate
Condition T61 Condition T64
T6151 TI1Jckness - IlL
Thicknes s Jn 0.188 to 2.000 0. 250 to 2. 000 0.50
min .. ksi Tear strength - ksi 79.2 (max)
Ftu 55 55
min-ksi Strain energy
Ftr 45 45 release rate - in .. kst
c( In) ~pcl"I:CO( 10 10 0. 722

3_014 Producer a minimum mechani cal properti es tn

CoOOltlon Tip at notch 0, 0005"
T61, Table 3,014,
!rom center line through holes

V.nre
IAJinv
Temncr
Ftu' ""Difn .. ksi
TABLE 3 014

-47.n-2. RMP-0.
T6
55
4
25Mn- 20Cr 0,001" 0.0005" r ~*"' N

Fty. -minkst 45
c(2 In) -min-per cent 10
0.3!25"
ii.Jj'j(j.. Dla.
2 Holes

CODE 3212
PAGE 2
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AIWT
MARCH 1966

3.022 Compressioo, see Table 3. 0212. 3.0313 Effect ol. low temperature oo longltudlnsl and trausverse
3.0221 Stress-strain dlsgrams tensile properties of plate. Fig. 3. 0313. AI
3.023 'Impact, see 3.033. 3.0314 Effect ol. low temperature on tensile properties d. sheet
3.024 BeDding In Condltloo 1'64, Fig. 3.0314. 4 Zn
3.025 Torsioo and shear, see Table 3.0212. 3,0315 Effect o1. low and elevated temperature on tensile Strength
3.026 Bearing, see Table 3. 0212. ol. alloy, Fig. 3.0315. 2.8 Mg
3,027 Stress cODCeutrntlon 3.0316 Effect ol. cold work and percent recrystslllzatloo on tensll
3.0271 Notch properties properties ol. alloy at 5SOF and 775F, Fig. 3.0316. 0.25 Mn
3.02711 Tensile and notch strength properties at room temperature 3.0317 Effect o1. low temperature on tensile properties d. plate.
for sheet, plate ond extrusions In Conditions 1'61 and Fig. 3. 0317. 0.20 Cr
1'64, Table 3.02711.

TABLE 3 02711 7039

ISource (3
Ulnv AI-4Zn2. 8MJrO. 25MnO. 20Cr
IFnrm ~:.beet Plate Extrusion
!r.nmftlnn T64 1'61 T64 1'61
-m 0.064 0.125 0.375 0.75 0.75 !.SO 0.75 o. 75 I. 75 1.5 X 6
Ftu -ksl, L
-ksi, T
-
67.8
64.1
65.7
65.9
67.3
68.5
67.6
68.6
68.8
69.3
68.7
64.4
61.8
64.4
61.8
62.3
61.4
73 67.6
68.1(a) 63.8(a)
Fty, -ksl, L - 58.1 59.3 61.2 61.2 62.3 54.8
51.8
54,8
51.8
5!.4
50.0
64.6 58.6
59.3(a) 54.4(o)
-ksl, T 70.5 57.4 5S.6 59.8 59.8 60.2
e percent, L - 12.2 !5.2 11.8 15.0 12.0 13.8 13.8 16.3
16.0
13.3 15.3
16. O(a) 16.3(a)
-percent, T 13.0 10.7 14.2 12.8 14.0 10.7 13.4 13.4
Kt =6.3
NTS -ksl, L
-ksl, T
-
69.6
68.1
68.3
72.9
73.1
94.0
94.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-- -- -
-
-
-
Kr = 13.o<b)
NTS -ksi, L
-kst, r
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
72.3
73.4
-
-
85.8
85.2
-
-
-
-
-- --
K1 =!5.0
NTS -ksl, L
-ksl, T
-
-
-
- -- -- -
-
99.6
96.9
-
-
81.1
80.5
89.6
88.3
100.6 96.1
95.9(a) 91.9(a)

(a) LT
(b) Marshall Space Flight Center, NASA

3,02712 Notch-tensile properties for plate at roon1 temperature, 3.0318 Effect of low temperature on longitudinal and transverse
Table 3. 02712. tensile properties of sheet and plate, Fig. 3,0318.
3.032 Compression
3.0321 Stress-strain dlsgrams
TABLE 3 02712
3.033 lml""ct, see Table 4. 038,
Source TN. vnn 3.0331 Transverse tensile Impact properties at room and low
Alloy Al-4Zn-2. BMO. 25Mn-0. 20Cr tempP.rature for plate, Tobie 3. 0331.
Form PltP
Cnmltlnn Tbl T64
Thickness - In o. 750 I. 75 1.38 TABLE 3.0331
Direction Long T
Source 2
Ftu, -ksl 61.8 61.4 65 Allov Al-4Zn-2. 8Ml!0.25Mn-0.20Cr
Fty ksl 51.8 so 58 Form l'late(a)
e(2 In) percent 13 n 12 Condition T64
NTS(Kt6. 3)-ksl 85.2 88.3 98 RT -320
Temncrature F
NTS/UNTS 1.38 I. 44 I. 50 Ftlbs, unnotched
NTS/UNYS 1.64 1.76 1.69 48.8 64.5
I. 75 In }(b)
!.SO In 55.5 71.3
3.0272 Fracture toughness Ft . :~. notched
3.028 Combined properties I. 75 In }(b) 5.6 4.8
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Varlrus Temperatures !,50 In 5.5 6.1
3.031 Tension e, (21n) -percent
3.0311 Stress-Strain dlsgrams I. 75 In }(b) 12 12
1.50 In _ 11 11
3.0312 Tensile properties of recrystallized and hot rolled alloy,
Table 3.0312. (a) All specimens transverse
(b) Plate thickness

TABLE 3 0312 3.034 Bending

Source (7 3.035 Torsion and shear
Allov AI-4Zn-2. 8MszO. 25M n-O. 20Cr 3.0351 Effect o1. low temperature on shear tensile properties d.
Forn1 Not given sheet, Fig. 3,0351.
Condition T64 3,031'> Bearing
Recr stall HR 3.037 Stress concentration
Direction 3,0371
L T L T Notch properties
- ksl 63 63 65 65 3.03711 Relation between tensile strength and notch str~h ratio
Frw
- ksl 54 54 56 55 at room temperature and -320F for sheet, Fig. 3.03711.
Fry
e(2 In) - percent 16 IS 15 12 3.03712 Relation between tensile strength and notch strength ratio
at room temperature and -320F for plate, Fig. 3.03712.
3.03713 Effect ol. low temperature on notch tensile strength of
sheet, Fig. 3.03713.

CODE 3212
PAGE 3
 NONFERROUS ALLO YS MARCH 1966

3.0714 Ht.fect of low temperatu re on nO!Ch strength aDd nO!Ch

AI strength ratio ol plate, Fig. 3.03714.
3.03715 Ht.fect of low aDd elevated temperatu re 011 uet fracture
4 Zn stress of sheet, Fig. 3. 03715.
3.03716 TensUe and nO!Ch strength properties of sheet, plate and
2.8 Mg extrusion at -320F, Table 3. 03716.

0.25 Mn
0.20Cr
TABLE 3.03716
'SnnrrP
(3) _(a)
7039 All elY
AI4Zn2. 8M~tO. 25MnO. 20Cr
Form . Sh""t
Cnrdltlnn
Plate Extrusion
T64 T61
"n.lr>nPOA In 0.064 T64 T61
0.125 0.375 0.75 o. 75 1.50 o. 75
Ftu -ksl, L
-ksl, T
-
85.8
81.4
84.5
82.8
85.6
87.6
86.8
86.0
85.8
87.3 85.7
0.75
as. 1
1. 75
80.7
15 X 6
95.3 91.8
86.9 82.3 82.3
Fry -ksl, L . 69.8 7(1.:; 72.2 7i.2 74.7 65.0
78.4 84.4 82.6
ksl, T 65.0 60.9 81.4 73.9
70.5 69.2 7C.t 71.6 72.0 72.3 62.1 62.1
e percent, L
-percent, T
- 17.5 18.~ 16.5 18.0 12.3 15.7 15.7
59.3
16.3
70.4
10.0
65.4
14.0
14.5 14.3 16.0 15.3 10.0 11.0 14.5
Kt D 6.3 14.5 15.0 1o.o 11.7
-
--
NrS -ksl, L
- -
--
80.4 81.4 92.2
- - - -
Kt 13.00 ..
ksl, T 78.9 79.9 78.2 86.1 - - - -
NrS ksl, L -
- -- -
- - 82.2 - 94.8 - - - -
Kt 15.0
ksl, T - 76.1 - 90.0 - - - -
.
- .- -
NrS -
ksl, L
. i00.6 - 88.7 98.6 lli.2 i05.6
ksl, T - 85.7 - Si.i 92.0 95.6 96.a
LT
Marshall Space Fl lght Center
(a) All tests performed at -320F.

3,0372 Fracture toughness TABLE 4.011

3,0372i Effect of low temperatu re "" fracture toughness and net
section stress of sheet, Fig. 3.0372i. I Source 7 Tbl XIA, B
3.03722 Effect of low temperatu re on fracture toughness and notch AIL<IY AI4Zn-2. 8M.~tO. 25MnO. 20Cr
Form Sheet Plate
strength ratio of sheet, Fig. 3,03722,
3.038 Condlllon Ann 101 Harde!!e'!l C'r64
Combined properties
Thickness In Radii for various thicknesse s "r'' 90
3.04 0.064 L 0 1.2 I
Creep aDd Creep Rupt:ure Propenies
T 0 1.21
3,05 0.125 L 0 I. 2 t
Fatigue Properties
3,05i 5-N curves for aUoy In Condition T61 and T64, Fig. 3,05i. T 0 I. 8 I
3.052 SN curve for plate In Condition T64, Fig. 3.C52.
0.250 L
T
- 1-2 I
1.5-2.5 t
3.06 Ela stlc Properties
0.375 L 0.5 t -
3.06i
3,062
Poisson's ratio
0.500
T
L
0. 7 I
0. 7 I
-
Modulus of elasticity at RT. 10 x 103 ksl. (3), 12 t
Condition 0, T6i, T64, T 0. 7 I 1.5-2.5 t
iO. 1 x 103 ksl, (5)(7) . o. 750 L
3,062i Modulus of elasticity at low temperatu re for sheet, Fig. 0. 7 t 1.5-2.5 t
3.062i. T 0. 7 I 1.52.5 I
3.0622 1.00 L 12 t
Modulus of elasticity at low temperatu re, Fig. 3, 0622.
3,063 Modulus of rigidity T - 1.5-2.5 t
1.25 L
T
- 1.5-2.5 I
2.5-3 t
1.38 L
T
1.0 t
I. 0'
--
4. FABRICATION 1.50 L . 1.5-2.5'
4.0i FormabUi ty
T
T6! same or better ductility
- 2 5-3 t

4.011 The formabUity of this alloy Is slightly better than that

of other best treatable aluminum alloys. The minimum
bend radll In the annealed condition Is also superior to
other alloys which becomes especially apparent In thicker
plate gauges, Table 4, 011.
4.012 This advantage becomes even more obvious In anUiclally
aged tempers. Where formabUlty and toughness are of
critical lmponanc e for structural application s, thla
alloy seems to be most suitable. At this time experlmen
tal studies are In progress on chemical milling and ex
ploslve forming. The following heat treatments have been
used for tl:ese studies:
1. Solution treated and as-quench ed
2, 0 temper, (7).

CODE 3212
PAGE 4
 AIWT
MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

4.02 Mach1n!Dg aDd Gr!Dd!ng 4. 0332 Tensile properties ol bun-welded sheet aDd plate at RT,
4.021 Alloy 7039 1a readily machiDable. It 1a machined more Table 4. 0332. AI
easUy In the hardeued (beat treated) than In the annealed
colldltton. 4 Zn
2.8 Mg
TABLE 4.0332
Source l7l 0.25 Mn
Allov Al4Zn2, 8~0.20<X
Fn~m """"t paau: 0.20Cr
Condition
As Welded T64/XS039 As Welded T64/5183 ~~~9HT
Thickness - in o.so o. 75 1.25 0.50 0 75 25 0 75 7039
2 I 1 2 1 2 1 2 I 2 2
I
Weld Condition 1 2 1
Ftu. ksl . 49 so 49 . 45 51 46 46 41 58 54
. 50
30
52
34 30 32 29 . 26 ~0 27 26 24 48 45
F~
e( In)
ksl
percent . 11 12 11 10 11 . 9.5 12.5 10.5 8.5 8.0 !0 8

(I) Bead on
(2) Bead off

4.022 U possible, shearing and puoching operations should be 4.0333 Teuslle properties, notch strength and noteb strength
performed prior to solution heat treatment aDd aging. ratio of welded plate at RT, Table 4. 0333.
Sheared edges may shaw edge cracks If shearing opera
tlons are performed after artificial aging. TABLE 4 0333
4.023 Sawing, mUling or ether cunlngs operations do not cause ~ Thl. lXl
edge cracking except when made close to welds, (7). ~llrlv Al4Zn2. SM_A-0. 25MnO 20Cr
Form Plate
4.03 Welding Condition T64 (x 5ij I Flll...-1
4.031 Fusion weldabUity ol this alloy Is superior to that of Thickness In 0.375 n 7<n
ether heat treatable aluminum alloys. X 5039 or 5183 Fru- ksl 51 52
fUier metal Is recommended. Strong and ductUe welds ksl 29.5 32.5
depend considerably on thickness of the base plate. The Ftr
e( In) -~rcent 14 8
ductility ol the welds decreases rapidly with Increasing NTS (Kt 6. 3) ksl 58 00
plate thickness. Th1a Is particularly notlcable when N'TS/UN'TS 1.13 1.16
fabricating welds under restraint and when making repair
welds, although there Is a superior crack resistance In Test after 30 days natural aging
restraint weldments In heavier plate thicknesses.
4.032 Alloy 7039 Increases rapidly In streugth after 30 days'
natural aging at room temperature, after which further
strengthening can be observed at a slower rate. This
4.0334 Tensile properties ol welded sheet and plate In T64 and
T61 Colldltlon at 320F, Table 4.0334.
rate can be considerably Increased by aging at higher
temperatures. Further Improvement can be achieved
by postweld solution heat treatment and aging, (7). (see TABLE 4 0334
also section 1.05). A tensUe strength ol about 48 to SO Source (3 c
ksl after 30 day's ol natural aging can be obtained Alloy Al4Zn2. 8M~rO. 25MnO. 20Cr
unlformly In plate thicknesses up to 1. 25 Inch. About Form Sheet Plate
the same tensUe properties can be obtained for thick Condition T64 T6
nesses up to 2. 00 Inches If careful attention Is given Thickness In 0.1~ 0.375 b 0. 75fb 0 75!b
to design detaUs. MIG 5!83 MIG 503
Ftu ksl 56.7 62.8 64.7 58.3
4.033 TensUe properties of welded sheet and plate.
Ft~ ksl 43.4 36.8 40.4 36.1
4.0331 Tensile and notch properties of welded sheet and plate . . .
e( In) percent 3.8
at RT, Table 4. 0331. e(4D) -percent . 10.0 6.7 6.9
Kt 6.3
TABLE 4 0331 N'TS ksl 63.0 59.5 63.6 .
I Sourc~ 3 Kt !5.0
Allov Al4Zn2 8MllO 25MnO. 20Cr N'TS -ksl . . . 54.2
Form Sheet Plate
Te01n F R' (a) Bead on
Condition T64 T61 (b) Bead elf
Thickness In 0. 25 Ia I o.37Sib\ 0. 75 (c) All tests performed at 320F.
Weld method l!o rod Mir.~IR~ MIG 5039
Fru ksl 53.2 51.1 51.7 51.8 4.034 SN curves for complex welded joints ol alloy at room
ksl 34.8 29.4 32.3 31. I
Ftr
e( In), -percent 7.0 . . . and law temperatures, Fig. 4. 034.
e(4D) -percent . 14.0 8.2 9.3
4.035 Effect ol elevated temperature on approltimate aging
time for 48 ksl weld strength, Fig. 4. 035.
Kt 6.3
N'TS ksl 58.7 57.9 59.9 . 4.036 Effect ell ow temperature on cross-tension shear strength
of spot welded sheet, Fig. 4. 036.
Kr = 15.0
N'TS ksl . . . 52. I
4.037
4.0371
Weld notch atreugth
Effect of low temperature on teusUe properties ol alloy,
Pig. 4. 0371.
(a) Bead on 4.0372 Effect ollaw tumperature on notched aDd unnotehed welded
(b) Bead off
plate naturally aged, Fig. 4. 0372.
4.0373 Effect of l~w temperature on tensile lmpacr properties
of as-welded and notched, unnotehed plate after natural
aging, Fig. 4. 0373,

CODE 3212
PAGE 5
 ,.....,, .-.-I
NONFERROUS AL LO YS
MAR CH 196 6

~.038 Impa ct prope rties traus verse to

AI weld at rGOm temp eratw :e
and 320F after 15 day's of natur so
al age for plate , Table AI-4Z n-2. 8Mg-O. 25Mn-O. 20Cr
4.038 .
4 Zn CONDW

2.8 Mg TABLE -1 038

40
Source
(l.)
0.2 5Mn Allov AI-4Z n-2. BMilO, 25Mn-O. 20Cr RT
~ 1--
Porm
Plate
0.20 Cr Condition l- --
703 9
en.oeratUre-
Teat
Ft-lb s, unnotched
II'

23.2
T641XS039 a

.lin pact (b)

320
30
---
If / ~
32F

I
notched 34.7

---
6 3.6
e, (21n) -perc ent 8.1 ......
7.5
Note: See also 3. OS If OF
(a) Teste d In as-we lded condition
(b) Tran svers e speci men after IS days ' natur al agfrw
10
HOLD AT 0 AND 32F
4.04 Heat Treat ment TESTED AT RT

4.05 0 I I
Surfa ce Treat ment 0
4,051 Anodic flnlsh es may be readi ly 24 7248
appli 96
ed to thia alloy , (7),
NATURAL AGIN::l TIM E- DAYS
FIG. 3, 0214 EFFE CT OF STOR
AGE TEMPERATURE
300 AND AGING ON YIELD STRE N31l
~A~I~-4~Z~n~-2~.~8~M~g-0'~.~2;~M~n--~.2~0~C-r~ ALLOY
i OF
0. 500 IN PLATE (7, p. 29)
CON DT64 ,L

-500 .___ ._ _ __.__ _......

_ ___.
-400 -200 0 200
TEM~- F

FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPA

NSION

(8, A.IS .r)

A 4Zn 2.8M g-0.2 5Mn- 0.20C r

80 0.75 IN PLATE
Al4Z n-2. 8Mg-0. 25Mn~O. 20Cr
ONDT64

60 FTu

lil 40
:.:
I~ lil
:.:

20
v FTY

~
u
~
Ill
u e(2 IN)
~ 0 "'
Ill
"' 0
0 24
48 72 -400 -200
96 0 100
NATURAL AGE - DAYS TEM P- F
FIG. 3.021 3 EFFE:CT OF AGIN FIG. 3.031 3 EFFE CT OF LOW TEMPERA
G TIME ON
TENSILE PROPE:RTIES OF ALLO TURE ON LON::llTUOlNAL AND
Y
(7, p. 24) TRANSVERSE TENSILE PROP
ERTIES OF PLATE (3, Fig. 5)

CODE 3212
PAGE - 6
 AIWT
MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

160 .............- -......- -......- - - - .

AI Zn-2. BMg-0. 25MnO. 20Cr A1-4Zn-2. BMg-0. 25Mn-O. 20Cr
0.063 IN SHEET AI
100 PLATE
COND T64
4 Zn
2.8 Mg
80
0.25 Mn
0.20Cr
.In 60
:.:
40 7039
~
0 40

~ 0

0
""-

400 -200 0 200

TEMPF 20
FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPER ~
0
ATURE ON TENSILE PROPER
TIES OF SHEET IN CONDITION "'c.
Ill
0
T64 (6, p. 62) 400 200 0 200
TEMP P
PIG. 3.0317 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERA
TURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
A14Zn2. BMgO. 25MnO. 20Cr OF PLATE (7, Thl. VIII)
CONDT61 1
160

I
'""''
TBSTBD AT RT,

1'--...
.......... ~'
!'...
~ '
"
TESTED AT TEMP

',,,.

0
EX~SURE 0.~ HR
"'"
-400 -200 0 200 400 600
TEMP F
FIG. 3. 0315 EFFECT OF LOW AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURE 100 j.2!:!.5f:c!.L.l:!:!!!.!f.:....!.!!!!...-+----,,....ll--~----l
ON TENSILE STREN::lTii OF ALLOY (7, p. 32)

60
AI4.Zn BMg-0. 25MnO. 201 r
I
Pro 55 0F I
40
,.. 775F
--.I
20 1-
RECRYSTALL
AO\Ij
I
PARTIAL I
.,
Ill 95-100\lj
100\lj
I
I
0
0 10 20 30 40
COLD WORK PERCENT -400 -300 -.200 100
PIG. 3.0316 EFFECT OF COLD WORK AND PERCENT TEMP-P
RECRYSTALLIZATION ON TENSILE PIG. 3.0318 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON LON::liTUDINAL
PROPERTIES OP ALLOY AT 550 AND AND TRANSVERSE TENSILE PROPERTI!lS OF SHEET
775P (7. p. 23) AND PLATE (10)

CODE 3212
PAGE 7
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1966

80
AI AI4Zn2. 8llilgO. 25M n-O. 20Cr
0. 125 IN SHEET
4 Zn CONDT64
0
2.8 Mg .
0.25Mn
0.20Cr ~ 40
~ --- Fsu

7039 20
--T
---L

0 0 " 8 6~0-----6~2----~64~----ML-----~68-----7~0~--__J72
400 200 0 200
TEMP F KSI ATRT
FIG. 3,0351 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPER FIG. 3.03712 RELATION BETWEEN TENSILE STREN:JTH AND
ATURE ON SHEAR TENSILE NOTCH STRI!N:lTH RATIO AT ROOM TEMPERA
PROPERTII!S OF SHEET
(8, A.15.p)
-
TURE AND 320F FOR PLATE (3, Fig. 4)
!Le~
'\6rf r

~
f,tax dla f,!Indla !Max dla
L' A B r Kt Thread slzo
3 0.505 0.750 0,005 63 3/4 - 10
1 -3/4 0.357 0.518 0,0035 6-3 5/8 - 1
1 - 3/4 0.357 0,478 0.0005 15.0 5/8 - 1
2 0.250 0,375 0.0025 6, 7/16- 14
5/8 0,125 0.191 0.0013 6.3 l/4 -20
Neuber

Al4Zn2,8Mg0,25Mn 0,20Cr
0 1.1
-- SHEET
I=
<
r:"'
RT"""V
-
-

.
T

-----
- ..b
1.0

~
til -3_:o_i r----:-
~ ... 1-;-;;t:::--
:c
!:!
0.9 r-.---- 160
Al4Zn2. 8MgO. 25MnO, 20Cr
0. 063 IN Sli EET
COND T64
~ K1 a 6,3
120
0.8 eK a6.3
1

FIG. 3, 03711
60 62 64
KSI AT RT
66 68

RELATION BETWEEN TENSILE STREN:JTH AND NOTCH

70 72

~ 80
.. a
u
OK a 6.5
1

STREN:JTH RATIO AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AND 320F ~

FOR SHEET (3, Fig. 3)

0,503 DIA
NOTCH lREN:Jn
0
-400 -200 0 200
TEMP F
FIG. 3.03713 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERA
TURE ON NOTCH TENSILE
Flat Specimen, K1 6, 3 STREN:lTH OF SHEET
(6, p. 62, 63)

CODE 3212
PAGE 8
 -----------

AIWT
MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

120 80 1.2
AI4Zn2. 8MgO. 2SMnO. 20Cr AI Zn2.8Mg0.2SMn0.20Cr AI
PLATE 0.063 IN SHEET
COND T61, T64 COND T64 4 Zn
60 1.1 !2
1-
<
2.8 Mg
i="'20.25 Mn
~
40 1.0
Ill
020Cr
u;
c ~
"' 20 0.9 ~ 7039

0
0
TEMP F
-400 -200 0
FIG. 3.03722 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERA
TEMP F TURE ON FRACTURE TOUGHNESS
FIG. 3.03714 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERA AND NOTCH STREOOTH RATIO OF
TURE ON NOTCH STREI'r.TH SHEET (6, p. 62, 63)
AND NOTCH STRE~TH RATIO
OF PLATE (7, 1bl. Xlll)

80
AI4Zn2. 8MgO. 25MnO. 20Cr
e 1. 43 IN PLATE, COND T64
0. 750 IN PLATE, COND T61
AI-4Zn2. 8Mgt 25MnOj 20Cr
COI'i) T64 60~----~-----+----~r-----+-----4
u; 120

t~~jr
"'
]""
80 _L-
2

40
~ - -- ........
ROTATI~BEAM

0
300 100 100 300 500
TEMPF NUMBER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3.03715 EFFECT OF LOW AND ELEVATED FIG. 3.051 SN CURVES FOR ALLOY IN CONDITION T61
TEMPERATURE ON.NET FRACTURE ANDT64 (7, p. 25)
STRESS OF SHEET (9, p. 17)

so A14Zn2. 8MgO. 25M n-O. 20Cr

PLATE

40
\ fONDTI>O

~ ~ .... __ ROTBJM

20
- - FRACTURE TOUGHNESS
- - NET STRESS (o'N KSO

400 -200 0 200

30

---
4
0.75 IN
1.41N

10n) 106 107

--
10nH
TEMP F
NUMBER OF CYCLES
FIG. 3. 03721 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE
ON FRACTURE TOUGHNESS AND FIG. 3.052 SNCURVEFORPLATEINCONDITIONT64
NET SECTION STRESS OF SHEET (2, Fig. 1)
(6, p. 107. 108) Note: Mlnlmwn values for 4 tests

CODE 3212
PAGE 9
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1966

12
80r-----~----~--------,
AI A1-4Zn-2. 8Mg-O. 25M n-O. 20Cr
A14Zn2. 8MgO. 25M n-O. 20Cr
0.063 IN SHEET
4 Zn COND T64 I PLA1E
COND To I, T64
II
2.8 Mg 60 1---+-+ X 5039 WELD FILLER
u; e L 48 KSI
:.0: 0 T
0.25 Mn WELD STRE!I(;TH

0.20 Cr ~ 10 tzl
~ 40

7039 AVG OF 5 TI!SI"S ~

9 5
400 -200 < 20 1---.,-+
0 200
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0621 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT
LOW TEMPERATURE FOR SHEET oL---~~----~---~~~
(6, p. 62, 63} 0 100 200 300
TEMP F

FIG. 4.035 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERA

TURE ON APPROXIMATE AGI!I(;
13 TIME FOR 48 KSI WELD STRE!I(;TH
AI-4Zn-2.8Mg-0.25Mn0.20Cr (7, p. 13)
0. 125 IN SHEET
CONDT64
12
I
\\
\~

'~ ~
10

9
400 -200 0 200
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.0622 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
AT LOW TEMPERATURil
(8, A.IS.I)

80 20
AI-4Zn-2. 8MgO. 25Mn-O. 20C
I COND- T64
AI-4Zn 2. 8MgO. 25Mn -0. 20Cr
0.063 IN SHEET
CONDT64
'6
4 1:>
RT
320F
423F
IS 1-\VG OF 20 T~PTS
_...... --......
_.__./ ' Fsu

5
COMPLEX WELDED JOINTS
AVG OF APPROX STEST
POINTS
0 -400 -200 0 200
NUMBilR OF CYCLES TEMP F
FIG. 4.034 SN CURVES FOR COMPLEX FIG. 4.036 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE
WELDED JOINTS OF ALLOY ON CROSS-TENSION SHEAR STRE!I(;TH
AT ROOM AND LOW TEMPERATURE OF SPOT WELDED SHEET
(6, p. 86, 87} (6, p. 74, 75}

CODE 3212
PAGE 10
 MARCH 1966 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWT

\ __
..... / ;
100
~I-4Zn-2.8Mg-0.25Mi0.20Cr AI
PLATE
CONDT64
80 T
4 Zn
80
--1.751N 2.8 Mg
-1.501N
..............
~ 60 ............ r-.......... 0.25 Mn
1- 60
......
"" .......... !'-...
........
0.20 Cr
IE
~ (UNNOTCHED)
20 7039
IE K1 ~ 6.3
(NOTCHED)
0
!z 20
e(2 IN)
IJ.l
u
;: ll!"' 0
~
~----:==~;:;;::b-~60 e 400 -2())
TEMI' F
0 200

NOTCH STRE~1li Kr-6. 3 X

FIG. 4.0373 RFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON
~ TENSJi.E IMPACT PROPERTIES OF AS
L---~--~~--~~~ WELDED AND NOTCHED, UNNOTCHED
400 -200 0 200 PLATE AFTER NATURAL AGING
TEMP F (7, p. 22)
FIG. 4.0371 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
ALLOY (7, p. 22)

REFERENCES

"A Review and Comparison of Alloys for Future Solld-

Propellanl Rockel Moror Cases, CMIC Memo 184,
Banelle Memorial Ins!., (November 1963)
Group," DMIC Repon 184, (May 30, 1963)
2 "Kaiser Aluminum Alloy 7039," Kaiser Aluminum &
Chemical Corp., (May 1963)
3 DeMoney, F. W., "Performance of a New Cryogenic
Aluminum Alloy, 7039," Unlvcrslry of Colorado,
(Augusr 19-21, 1963)
4 "Press Release," Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corp-
oraUon, (March 25, 1963)
5 Boone, P. W. and Pincus, 1., "HighSirength Aluminum
Alloys," Machine Design, Vol. 37, (February 18, 1965)
40 6 Chrls!lan, J. L., Yang, C. T. and Wlrzell, W. E.,
AI 47.n-2.8Mg0.25MnO. 20Cr "Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pressure Vessel
PLATE Ma!crlal for AppllcaUon In a Cryogenic Envlronmenl, "
CONDT64 Quanerly Progress Repon, (May IS, 1964 lo Auguar
~ JO 1----~- T T,O WELD 15, 1964)
X 5039 FILLE 7 "Weldable Heal Trearable Aluminum Alloy 7039, Kaiser
Aluminum & Chemical Corp., Qune 1965)
8 "Cryogenic Malerlals Dura Handboolt, " Tech. Doc. Rep.
No. MII.IDR-64-280, (Auguar 1964)
COND:ASWELDED 9 VIglione, J., Worden, W. F. and Feanhal, J.F ..
AGE ,,,1 DAYS (NATURAL) "Fracrure Toughness PrOperties of Some Alloy Sleel" ar~J
Aluminum and Tlranh.vn Alloys," Rep. No. NAECAML
2111, U. S. !'eva( Air. Engineering Cenrcr, (March 4,
10
1963)
!z 10 Campbell, J. E.. ""Aluminum Alloys for Cryogenic Service,"
"' u ASTM, Malcrlala Research & Slandards, Vol. 4, No. 10,
"'... p. s~. (Ocrober 1964)
"' 0
400 200 0 200
II Yang, C. T., "Cryogenic Tempcrarure Dependence of !he
Yield Slrengrh of High Slrenglb Alloys," General Dynamics,
(1965)
TEMP F
12 "Siandard for Aluminum Mill Producls 1966 , The Aluminum
FIG. 4.0372 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON AasoctaUon, Elghlb Edl!on, (1965)
13 ASTM Slandards, "Lighl Metals and Alloys, Pan 6, Am.
NOTCHED AND UNNOTCHED WELDED
PLATE NATt'RALLY AGED Soc. for Tearing and Mars., (Oclaber 1965)
(7, p. 22) Marerlala In Design Engineering, Malerlals Sclecror lnue,
(MidOclaber 1965)

CODE 3212
1. GENERAL
The 26111 aluminum alloy is a wrought alloy which re- AI
sponds to an age-hardening heat tre!lcment. This
alloy, originally develo{led for fc..:-,Png appllcations, 2.5 Cu
bas been llfled primarily In this form In the aircraft
Industry. It exhlblts medium strength and ductillty, 1.5 MQ
fair resistance to general corrosion, and bas good
elevated temperature properties. Optimum compo- 1.2 Ni
sition and heat treailng methods promote a higb
resistance to l.ntsrcrystaliine corrosion. Tbe form- 1.0 Fe
ablllty and machinability of tbe alloy are good,
Room temperature strength of this alloy is better than 0.2 Si
2014-T6 but sllghUy lower than 7075-TG. 0.1 Ti
Th" 2618 alloy Is presently used for large nircraft
engine components and compressor blades. It is being
considered for structural appllcatlons In supersonic 2618
aircraft as forged gas-tutblne engine impellers,
spacer rings, pistons and structural forgings. This
alloy is available In wrought forms (1)(2)(8)(15).

1. 01 Commercial Designation
AI 2618

1. 02 Alternate Designations
Hidumlnium RR, 58 (British)
AU2GN (French)

1. 03 Specifications
1. 031 Foreign, British Aircraft DTD 5070A
1.032 AMS and Federal Specifications, Table 1.032,

1.06
'ABLE 1.032
AMS Form Federal 1. 07 Forms and Conditions Available
4132A Die forgings , rolled rings, QQ-A-367 1. 071 This alloy has been available In the past In all wrought
hand forgings, and forging forms, such as clad and unclad sheet, plates,
stock !Condition T61l extrusions, and forgings (2)(8). Current producer
production Is gene!'ally Umitsd to forging forms (1)(4),

1.04 Composition 1.08 Melting and Casting Practice

Table 1.04
1. 09 Special Considerations
TABLE 1,04
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Source (1)(5)
Percent 2.01 Thermal Properties
Min Max 2.011 Melting range.
2.012 Phase changes.
Copper 1.9 2.7 2.0121 Time -temperature-transformation diagrams.
Iron 0,9 1.3 2.013 Thermal conductivity. 82,1 Btu ft per
Magnesium 1.3 1.8 (hr sq ft F) (2).
Nlc::el 0.9 1.2 2.014 Thermal expansion, Figure 2.014.
Silicon - 0.25 2.015 Specific heat. 0.22 Btu per (lb F) (2).
Titanium 0.04 0,10 2.016 Thermal diffuslvlty.
Oth~!:' -
Each
Total
- 0.05
0.15
2.02
2.0U
Other Physical Propertlels
Denslly. 0. 0999 lb per cu In 2. 76 gr per cu em (2).
Aluminum Balance 2.022 Electrical properties:
Condition 0 1.44 microhm-Inch at RT
Condition T61 2.60 microhm-Inch at RT
2.023 Magnetic properties, This alloy I~ non-magnetic.
1.05 Heat Trel!tment 2.024 Emissivity.
1.051 All forms. Anneal 775F, 2 to 3 hours, furnace cool 2.025 Damping capacity.
50F per hour to 500F, air cool (5).
1.0fi2 Forgings and rolled rings. 2.03 Chemical Properties
. 0521 Solu!.lon treatment, 975 to 995F, bold for 6 hours 2.031 Tests on 2618-T6l. forging material Indicate the alloy
minimum at temperature, boiling water quench (BWQ) is suaceptible to stress corrosion cracking In the
to age condition T4 (1)(5). transverse grain directions. Longitudinal bend
1.0522 Age condition T4 385 to 395F, 20 hours to specimens stres.sed to 75 percent of their yield
condition T61, (4)(5). strength did not fail after 1~ weeks of alternate
1.053 Sheet (DTD 5070A). Immersion testing In 3 1/2 p.1rcent NaCl solution,
1. 0531 ~~~tlon treatment and age. 975 to 985F, bold for 10 minute lmmersl;.,n and 50 :nlnute air dry. However,
~ >!lliHtss to 1 hour at temperature (depending on approximately half of the lor.g transverse specimens
~~'{e), cold water quench: stressed to 75 percent yield strengtl failed over tbe
'""'' 365 to 385F, 10 to 30 hours (12). Sheet should be time period of 4 to 8 days while the remainder did not
"iJ:.'JIIChed In water oot exceeding 104F and sheet 0,028 fall witbln the 12 week period, and all tbe short
iliull thick or lees should only be solution treated oooe transverse specimens stressed to 75 percent yield
(2). strength failed ove1 the period "f 4 to 20 dsys (17).

CODE ~?I~
 NONFE RROUS ALLOY S REVISE D: MARCH 1969

2.04 Nuclear Properties

AI
3. MECHANICAL PROPERT IES
2.5 Cu 3.01 Specified Mechanica l Properties
3.011 AMS specified mechanica l properties , Table 3.011.
I .5 MQ
1.2 Ni TABLE 3.011
1.0 Fe Source (1)
Alley AI-2.5Cu- 1. 5Mg-1. 2Ni-1. OFe-o. 2SI..0.1Ti
0.2 Si Condition T61
0.1 Ti Form Die Forgings ((4 In) Rolled Rings ((4 In)
From Stock (a) From Forgings
2618 L T Tangential Axial
Ftu (miD) -Ksi 58 58 55 55 55
Fty (miD)- Ksi 48 48 45 41 44
e (4D) (miD)- Percent 6 4 4(b) 6 5
Hardness (miD)
BHN (500 Kg), 115 115
(10 mm ball)
(a) Stock representa tivs of the forging
(b) Diameter > o. 25 with axis iD plane parallel to parting plane

3.012 Producer's guaranteed mechanica l properties ,

Table 3. 012.

TABLE 3.012
Source (5)
Allov Al-2. 5Cu-1. 5Mg-1. 2Ni-1. OFe-o. 2Si-0.1Ti
Condition T61
Form Hand Forgings Rolled Rings
~ 16 square inch section ~ 2 1/2 inch radial thickness
Direction L LT ST Tangential Axial

~J
Ftu (miD)- Ksi 58 55 52 55
Fty (miD)- Ksi 45 42 42 41 41
e(4D) (miD) Percent 7 5 4 6 5

3.02 Mechanica l Properties at Room Temperatu re

3.021 Tension.
3. 0211 Stress strnln diagrams, see 3.0311.
3. 0212 Tensile properties of clad sheet, Table 3.0212.

Source
.
TABLE 3 0212
3.0213 Effect of exposure time and temperatu re on room
temperatu re tensile properties of forged bar,
(2) Figure :1.0213.
AI-2.5Cu- 1.5Mg-1. 2Ni- 3.02:14 Effect of elevated temperatu re expooure and exposure
Alley 1. OFe-O. 2Si..0,1Ti time on tensUe properties of forging, Figure 3. 0214.
3.~.22 Compressi on.
Form Clad Sheet 3.0221 Stress-str ain curve for clad sheet In compressi on,
Figure 3, 0221.
CR+ 977 to 995F, 1 Hr, WQ (Cold),
Condition 3.0222 Compressi ve properties of clad sheet, Tshle 3.0222.
flattened + 392F 20 Hr
Direction T L
TABLE 3 0222
Ftu' -ksi 57.5 58.0
Fty, Source (2)
(0.1 percent)-k si 49.0 50.5 Al-2. SCu-1.5M g-1,2Nl
e (2 ~-percent 6.0 7.0 Alloy 1. OF e-o. 2Si..0.1Tl
E, 10 ksi 10.5 10.5
Form Clad Sheet
CR + 986F, 1 Hr, WQ (Cold):
Condition Flattened + 392F 20 Hr
Direction T L
Fey,
(0. 1 percmt) ksi 52.0 51.0
(0.3 percent) ksi 53.5 53.0
E0 , 103 X ksi 10.5 10.5
3.023 Impact. 3.0322 Effect of elevated temperatJ.1re on average compressive
3.024 Bending. yield properties of se\'Sral forgings, Figure 3.0322. AI
3.025 Torsion and shear. 3.0323 Effect of elevated temperature and exposure time on
3. 0251 Effect of thiclmess and heat treatment on shear stress compressive yield properties of forgings, 2.5 Cu
of forged bar, Figure 3.0251. Figure 3. 0323.
3.0252 Effect of thiclmess and heat treatment on shear stress 3.033 Impact. 1.5 MQ
of forged bar, Figure 3.0252. 3.034 Bending.
3.026 Bearing, see 3.036. 3.035 Torsion and shear. 1.2 Ni
3.027 Stress concentration. 3.0351 Effect of elevated temperature on average shear
3.0271 Notch properties. strength of several forgings, Figure 3.0351. 1.0 Fe
3.02711 Effect of specimen cross section location on sharp 3.036 Bearing.
notch strength ratio of forged alloy, Figure 3.02711. 3.0361 Effect o! elevated temperature on average bearing ,0.2 Si
3.02712 Typical notch strength properties of alloy plate, properties of several forgings, Figure 3. 0361. 0.1 Ti
Table 3. 02712. 3.037 Stress concentration.
3.0371 Notch properties.
TABLE 3.02712 3.03711 Crack strength of clad sheet at -110, 80 and 250F 2618
Source (18) for various crack lengths, Figure 3. 03711.
3.03712 Elevated temperature sharp notch strength ratio of
Alloy f'\12. 5Cu-1. 5Mg-1. 2Ni-1. OFe-0. 2Si -o.1Ti forging for varinus cross-aection locations,
Form Plate Figure 3.03712.
Nominal Thtclmess 1.356 3.0372 Fracture toughness.
3.038 Combined properties.
Condition 2618-T651
Direction L T 3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties
3.041 Creep curves for clad sheet at elevated temperature,
Ftu - Ksi 62.4 61.1 Figure 3. 041.
Fty - Ksi 57.6 54.6 3.042 Creep and creep rupture curves for rod at elevated
Notch Strength 81.2 83.2 temperatures, Figure 3.042.
3.043 Creep and creep rupture curves for bar at 400 and

~60>1
600F, Figure 3. 043.
3.044 Creep and creep rupture curves for forged bar at
j_
elevated temperatures, Figure 3.044.
-+- l'l't-'-
LJd..---.r-
'1.. .500 Dia
)_
l)
L ,353 Dia
3.045 Creep and creep rupture curves for forging at
elevated temperatures, Figure 3.045.

Notch-Root Radius <; 0.0005, Kt 516

3.05 Fatigue Properties
3.051 Sheet.
3.0272 Fracture toughness. 3.052 Extruded bar.
3.028 Combined properties. 3.053 Forging.
3.0531 Axial load fatigue strength for smooth longitudinal
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures specimens from several forged billels,
3.031 Tension. Figure 3. 0531.
3.0311 Stress -strain diagrams. 3.0532 Axial l<Rd fatigue strength for smooth long-transverse
3.03111 Stress -strain curves at elevated temperature for specimens f. rom several forged billels,
clad sheet, Figure 3.03111. Figure ~. 0532.
3.03112 Typical tensile stress -strain curves at elevated 3.0533 Axial load fatigue strength for notched longitudinal
temperature for several forgingn, Figure 3. 03112. specimens from several forged bllleis,
3.0312 Clad sheet. Figure 3. 0534.
3.~3121 Effect of el ....ted temperature and short e">"'sure 3.0534 Axial load fatigue strength fer notched long-transverse
time on tcuslle properties of clad sheet, specimens from several forged bllleis,
Figure 3.03121. Figure 3. 0535.
3. 03122 Effect of elevatoo test temperature and exposure time 3.0535 Rotating beam fatigue strength for smooth and notched
on tensile propurties of clad sheet, Figure 3. 03122. longitudinal specimens from forged bllleis,
3.03123 Effect of elevated test temperature and exposure time Figure 3. 0535.
on tensile properties of clad sheet, Figure 3.0317.3. 3.0536 Rotating beam fatigue strength for smooth and notched
3.03124 Effect of test temperature on tenslle properties of longitudinal specimens from forged blllels,
clad sheet, Figure 3. 03124. Figure 3. 0536.
3.0313 Extrud!ld bar. 3. 0537 Rotating beam fatigue strength for smooth and notched
3. 03131 Effect of test temperature on tensile properties of longit11dlnal specime!lS from forged billet tested at
extruded bar, Figure 3. 03131. 250F, Figure 3. 0537.
3.0314 Forgings, 3.0538 Rotating beam fatigue streng!.b for smooth and
3.03141 Effect of test temperature on average tensile notched longitudinal specimens from forged bUieis
properties of several forgings, Figure 3. 03141, tested at 400F, Figure 3. 0538.
3.03142 Effect of elevated test temperature and exposure time
on tensile properties of forging, Figure 3. 03142.
3.03143 Effect of elevated temperature ~n tensile properties of
hand forged billels, Figure 3. 03143.
3.03144 Typical tenslle pr-;perties of forging at varioWI 3.06 Elastic Properties
temperatures, F\gure 3. 03144. 3.061 Poisson's ratio, 0.35 (2).
3.0315 Bar. 3.062 Modulus of elasticity, see Tables 3. 0212 and 3. 0222.
3.03151 Effoct of elevated temperatures and exposure time 3.0621 Modulus of elastic:' at room and elevated temper-
on tenslle properties of bar, Figure 3. 03151. ature for forged ba...-, Figure 3. 0621.
3.032 Compression. 3.0622 Effect of test temperature on modulus of elasticity in
3.0321 Stre&s -strain diagrams. compression, Figure 3.0622.
3. 03211 Typical compressive stress-strain curves at elevated
temperature for several forgings, Figure 3. 03211.
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH 1969

AI "
4.01
FABRICATION
Al-2.5Cu-1.5 Mg-1.2Nl-1.0 Fe-
FormabUltx 14 0.2B1-G.1TI
2.5 Cu 4.011 The alloy baa good formabUlty.
4.012 Hot forging. 970F !IJld tileD forge within the temperature
1.5 Mv l'llllge of 970 to 900F down to 660F.
4.013 Cold work. All cold work llhould be doDe fn the 8DD8aled
1.2 Ni or solution treated condltfon (2).
1.0 Fe 4.02 MaoMntng
4.021 The macldnabUlty of this alloy 18 good and beat results
0.2 Si are obtained fn tbe fully aged condltlou. Care lllll8t be
0.1 Ti taken if tbe alloy te macbfned In the quencbad or
annealed condition. Boollll8e of ita softneas fn this
condition it baa a tendenc:;- to bulld up on tbe cutting
2618 edges. High oaxbon steel tooia are recommended at low
speeda and give a sat1afaotory reaul~, wblle high speed
steel sbould be used for large soale operations (2). FROM ROOM TEMPERATUR E
4.022 For continuous cute, free from vfbratl.ons, BlDgle point TO TEMPERATUR E INDICATED
10~----~----~----~----~
turnf.Dg tools of plain bigh carbon or b1gh speed steel
sbould be ground to: 0 200 400 600 800

35 to 80 degree TEMP -F
cutting angle,
30 to 53 degree top rake, FIG. 2. 014 THERMAL EXPANSION (2)(7)
7 to 10 degree front clearance,
10 to 20 degree aids rake,
7 to 10 degree side clearance.

Cemented carbide tipped tools sbould be ground to:

80 to 80 degree auttlng angle,

6 to 30 degree top rake,
8 to 10 degree front clearance,
6 to 10 degree aide rake,
6 to 10 degree side clearance.

High speed steel mUllng cutters sbould be ground to:

50 to 60 degree
25 to 36 degree
3 to 7 degree
7 to 12 degree
10 to 50 degree
Al-2.6Cu-1.6M g-1. 2N1-1. OFe-o. 281-
0.1 Tl 7/8 IN DIA FORGED BAR
cutting angle,
top rake, COND T61
primary clearance,
secondary angle,
helix, and coarse 60
tooth spacing (2)

4. 023 Mere detailed macldnabUlty Information can be obtained

from the Air Force MacldnabUlty Data Center-Area 60 40
Telephone Code 513-271-9510.
~ ~
4. 03 Welding
~
~
40 20
4.031 Al 261818 weldable with apoo!al techillquea. It Ia r...
UDBUited for fusion welding, but can be resistance
welded (2, 7).
20 0
4. 04 Heat Treatment

4. 06 Surface Treatment
0 20
~
1&1
li$
lol
0 p.,

~ 20
1&1
f;l
1&1
p.,
0
0 200 400 600 BOO

EXPOSURE TEMP - F
FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TIME AND
TEMPERATU RE ON ROOM TEMPER-
ATURE TEnmLE PROPERTIES OF
FORGED BAR. (13)
 ~I WW I

REVISED: MARCH IH9 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Al-2.5Cu-1. 5Mg-1.2N1-1. OFe-o. 2B1..0.1T1 60

AI
HAND FORGED BILLETS 2.~ Cu
3 X6 1/2, 4X 8 AND 8 x llJNCH
T81CONDmO N 1.5 MCJ
50
1.2 Ni
1.0 Fe
40
0.2 Si
~--~-----+----~~~~----;so~ 0.1 Ti
i=!
r..
~ 30
2618

20

10

0
G 0.012
30 STRAIN -IN PER IN
TIME AT
EXPOSURE SPECIMEN TAKEN FROM FIG. 3. 0221 STREBS-STRAIN CURVE FOR
TEMPERATURE SURFACE MlD-TmCKNEBS CLAD SHEET IN COMPRESSION
L LT L (7 ,p.55)

10HR
100HR
... (J 0
6
1000 HR
[I 0

oL-----L---~~--~~--~~--~
200 300 400

- <POSURE TEMPERATU RE- F

FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE

EXPOSURE AND EXPOSURE TIME ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF FORGINGS. 46 Al-2.5Cu-1.5M g-1.2NI-1. 0Fe-G.2SI
(17) 0.1T1 1 IN DlA FORGED BAR

986F, 2 HR, WQ AT 158F

392F, 20 HR
30
986F, 20 HR, BWQ
+ 392F, 1 TO 2 HR HEAT TO
4S2F IN 20 MIN., HOLD 1 1/4 HR.
UL-----~----~- ---~--~~
0 2 3 1 4
D/t
FIG. 3,0251 EFFECT OF THX:KNESS AND HEAT
TREATMENT ON SHEAR BTREBS OF
FORGED BAR (7, p. 20)
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISE D: MARCH 1969

AI Al-2. 5Cu-1,5Mg -1. 2N1-1. OFe-o. 2S1 AI-2.5Cu- 1.5Mg-1. 2N1-

22 0.1T1 1 INDIA FORGED BAR l. 0Fe-0.2S1- 0.1T1
60
2.5 Cu CLAD SHEET, 986F, 1 HR,
WQ FLATTEN ED+ AGE,
I .5 Mg 392F, 2 HR; 1 HR SOAK
I .2 Ni 50 1-------l-- --7.:;...;1' > RT
i22F
I .0 Fe 212F
~ao2F
47F
0.2 Si 40 1------4A,..,.~--P392F
o.1 Ti

2618
e 680F, 2 HR, COO:L
AT 18F/HR (ANNEAL)
14 it. 716F,
4 HR TO 680F, 18HR
18F/HR TO 482F, FC
TO 392F IN 12 HRS.
(SUPER ANNEAL)
12
0 2 3 4 TENSION
D/t
FIG. 3,0252 EFFECT OF THICKNESS AND HEAT T
TREATME NT ON SHEAR STRESS OF
FORGED BAR (7, p. 21, 22) 0.004 0.008 0.012
STRAIN - IN PER IN

FIG. 3. 03111 STRESS-BT RAIN CURVES AT

ELEVATED TEMPERA TURES
FOR CLAD SHEET
(7. p. 53, 54)

Al-2. 5Cu-1.5M g-1. 2N1-1. OFc-0. 2S1-0.1T1

HAND FORGED BILLETS
3 X 6 1/2, 4 X 8 AND 8 X 11 INCH
50 T 61 CONDITIO N -.,,......c-1 ------l

30

Iii
~ 20 1------ fl-,f--- --1---- -+----- 1-----l

TENSION

0~-~J.:.::---~~--.l..----l-----J
0 .002 .004 .006 .008 .010

STHAIN- INCH PER INCh

.soL--L------------~------------~~
SURFACE QUARTER MID FIG. 3.03112 TYPICAL TENSILE STRESS-BT RAIN
THICKNESS THICKNES S CURVES AT ELEVATED TEMPERA TURE
SPECIMEN LOCATION FOR SEVERAL FORGINGS.
FIG. 3.02711 EFFECT OF SPECIMEN CROSS-BE CTION LOCATION (17)
ON SHARP NOTCH STRENGTH RATIO OF
FORGING. (17)
REVISED: MARCH 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Al-2.5Cu-1.5Mg-1.2Nl- AI
1. OFe-0. 2Sl-0.1Tl
Al-2. 5Cu-1, 5Mg-1. 2NI-1. OFe-
2.5 Cu
CLAD SHEET 80
ST 986F, 1 HR, WQ
0.2SI-0.1Tl I .5 MQ
CLAD SHEET
FLATTENED+ AGE
392 F, 20 HR
f2 60
... FTU CONDITION T61
80
1.2 Ni
1.0 Fe
~~- 0.2 Si
FTY
f2 0.1 Ti
--
40 60
.._ I r-
......._
0. 2 PERC,ENT
FTY
0. 1 PERCENT -V '-" -.;:: t 2618
EXPOSURE TIME
f- 40
20 T-L AT TEST TEMP-F
1HR
I
10HRS
1000 HR EXPOSURE
0 30,000 HR EXPOSURE

..
0
e( 2 IN) ~ It-
t)-

100 200 300 400

0 200 400 600
TEMP-F
TEST TEMP-F
FIG, 3,03121 EFFECT OF ELEVATED FIG. 3.03123 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEST TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE AND AND LONG EXPOSURE TIME ON TENSILE
SHORT EXPOSURE TIME PROPER TIES OF CLAD SHEET. (8)
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF CLAD SHEET
(7. p,47. 148)

Al-2, 5Cu-1. 5Mr-l. 2NI-l. 0Fe-

0.2SI-o.1TI
CLAD SHEET

60
FTY

0 80 1-- Al-2. 5Cu-1.5M~t-1.2NI-1. 0 Fc-o. 2SI-jl.1TI-

40 1
0.063 IN CLAD SHEET
Fro I I
~ I AVERAGE OF THREE TESTS
60
><
20 EXPOSURE TIME FTY ~j_
!-<
"'
AT TEMPERATURE
1-r=t

1 HR 0 5 MIN TO 1 HR, 980 + 5F,
0 400 HRS ~ WQ (COLD), 10 TO 30 HR, 375 :!:. 10F-
FULL HT - (DTD 5070A)
REF(6) REF(2l
CR+ 986F,
I I .....
ST986F, 20HR,
WQ (COLD)+ lHR, WQ (COLD): 0
e(2 IN) I I
FLATTENED+ FLATTENED+ -200 -100 0 100 200 300
AGE 392F, 20 IIR AGE 3~2F, 20 HR
TEMP-F
(0,1 PERCENT
FTyl FIG. 3.03124 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
20 TENSILE PROPERTIES OF CLAD SHEET
(12)

0 200 400 600 800

TEMP-F

FIG. 3.03122 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEST

TEMPERATURE AND EXPOSURE TIME
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES I)F CLAD
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH 1969

AI Al-2.6Cu- 1.5Mg-1.2 Nl-1.0Fe-o .2Sl Al-2.6Cu- 1.5Mg-1.2 Nl-1.0Fe-o .2a1-o.1T1

0.1Tl HAND FORGED Bn.LETS
2.5 Cu EXTRUDED BAR 3 X 6 1/2, 4 X 8 AND 6 X 11 INCH
801- 1000 BR.EXPOSURE 1----~~ T 61 CONDmO N
1.5 Mg AT TEST TEMPERA TURE 60

1.2
1.0
Ni
Fe ~ 60 - FTU

1--+--f~~.J--=:,--l----150 !2
0.2
0.1
Si
Ti 40
0.2 PERCEN T'
- l ~
FTY
\ 60 601--- -1-
I

~"-,
2618 0.1:-:k"E NT _/ i7
40 !2 f2 5or---~~--7P~~+-----~--~3o

~
...
---
r..
-... e (4D)
20

TIME AT SPECIMEN TAKEN FROM

0 30 EXPOSURE SURFACE MID-THICKNESS
0 100 200 300 400 TEMPERA TURE L LT L
'IEMP- F 10 llli
100BR 0
&
0
A
FIG. 3.03131 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPER.\ TURE ON
TENBn.E PROPERT IES OF :i:XTRUDED BAR.
(8)
lOOO HR
IJ 0

020~0~--~----~~----
J------L-----J
300 400
Al-2. 6Cu-1.5M r1 2Nl-1. rFe-G.2S lj.1Tl TEST AND EXPOSURE TEMP-F
HAND FORGED BU.LETS FIG. 3,03142 EFFECT OF ELEVATE D TEST TEMPERA TURE
701--- -1--- 3 X 6 1/2, 4 X 8 AND 8 x 11 INCH
AND EXPOSURE TIME ON TENSILE
T61COND mON PROPERT IES OF FORGINGS. (17)

Al-2. 6Cu-l. 5Mg-1. 2Nl-1. OFe-D. 2Sl-G.1Tl

80 HAND FORGED B LLETS
FTU CONDiho N T61

4 0r-----;---~A~VE=RA~G~E~O~F~T
~HRE~~E~T~E~S~TS~--~ !2 60 -- ~
L FROM SURFACE, QUARTER,
- ....._,
~
ST AND 1\UD-TIDCKm:SS PER ....
20 1-----4---~B~U.=L~E=T~A~T~E=AC~H~TE~MP~E:R~=ATURE~~ 40 ~

~
FTY

20 AVERAGE OF 3 TESTS
~ 40

~
l&l
RA
~
l&l
"' 0
- -- e(liU'i)
..-4

0 100 200 300 400 0 100 200 ~00 400

TEMP-F 500
FIG. 3.03141 EFFECT 01' TJ:.!'T TEMPERA TURE ON TEMP-F
AVERAGE TENsn.E PROPERT IES OF FIG. 3.03143 EFFECT OF ELEVATE D TEMPERA TURE
SEVERAL FORGINGS. (17) ON TENSILE PROPERT IES OF HAND
FORGED BU.LETS. (11)(14)
 AIW.T
REVISED: MARCH 1111 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

AI-2.5Cu-1.5 Mg-1.2N1-l.O Fe-

0.2Sl-G.lT1 80 AI
FORGED BAR
CONDITION T61
2.5 Cu
1.5 MQ
1.2 Ni
1.0 Fe
60
~ 0.2 Si
I
0.1 Ti
~ 40
2618
20

t-2. 5Cu-L sMg-1. 2*1-1. oFeJ. 2S1-0.1TJ

0
I I I 120
FORGING CONDmON T61
80
~
.._ 'e.. ..- ...
-
~
80

.......
r-e- - 60
t:
~ ~ ""
~
~ 40

~v
40
FTY_/

0
20 0 200 400 600 800

:~ ~
TEMP-F
:.~.ifJ. 3.03151 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATUR ES

v
120 0 AND EXPOSURE TIME ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF BAR. (13)

80

/_ AI-2.5Cu-1. 5Mg-1. 2N1-1. OFe-G. 2S1-'l.1T1

HAND FORGED BILLETS

- -
~!2

--
IN)

!-'
J
-
v 50
3X 6 1/2, 4 " 8 AND 8 x lliNCH
T61CONDm ON
---;------t---~~~~325F
RT
I

0 I
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 400F
TEMP-F
FIG. 3.03144 TYPICAL TENSILE PROPERTIES OF FORGING AT VARIOUS
TEMPERATUR ES (4)

~ 30

0 L-----~----~------~----~----~
0 .002 .004 .006 .008
STRAIN (IN/lN)

FIG. 3.03211 TYPICAL COMPRE811IVl: STRESS- STRAIN

J.\IYY I
NONFERROU-S ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH 1969

70 130
Al-2, 5Cu-l. 5Mg-l. 2N1-l. OFe-D. 2S1-0.lT1

- r---..
AI Al-2. 5Cu-l,5Mg-1, 2NI-1, OFe-D. 2SI-0.1TI

2.5 Cu
HAND FORGED BU..LETS
3 X 6 1/2, 4 X 8 AND 8 X 11JNCH
...
- HAND FORGED BILLETS
3 X 6 1/2, 4 X 8
T 61 CONDITION
60 120 AND 8 x lliNCH-
I .5 MQ
"'
I
FBU ~61CONDmON
Fey
1.2 Ni 1- f - - r--i_- ~ 110
1.0 Fe 0
....... ~
0.2 Si
0.1 Ti 4or- L
ST
AVERAGE OF THREE
OR MORE TESTS
PER TEMPERATURE
~
j
100
e/D=2,0
\
AVERAGE OF THREE OR MORE
2618
30 I I I 90
... -.....
'l'ESTS PER TEMPERA'l1JRE

FIG. 3.0322
100 20C
TEMP -F
300

EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERA'l1JRE ON

400 500

80
FBY
.........

-.-,
"
AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE YIELD PROPERTIES
OF SEVERAL FOP..GINGS. (17)
'\
0

Al-2,5Cu-1.5Mg-1, 2N1-l. 0Fe-0.2S1-0.1Tl

0
HAND FORGINGS
100 200 300 400 500
CONDmON T61
60 TEMP-F
- ~ ~'IG. 3,0361 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE ON
Fey
~ T AVERAGE BEARING PROPERTIES OF
SEVERAL FORGINGS, (17)
~ 40
... '
")
20
-..
EXPOSURE TIME
AVG OF 3 TESTS e 30 MIN AT TEST TEMP
A 100 HR AT 500lj
0
0 100 200 300 400 500
TEMP-F
FIG. 3,0323 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERA'l1JRE AND
EXPOSURE TIME ON COMPRESSIVE YIELD
STRENGTH OF FORGINGS (11)(14)

50
Al-2,5Cu-1, 5Mg-1, 2Ni-l. OFe-o. 2S1-D,lT1 ; GO Al-2,5Cu-1.5Mg-o, 2NI-1.0Fe-0,2SI-0.1TI
HAND FORGED BILLETS
3 x 6 1/2, 4 x 8 AND 8 X 11 INCH
T 61 CONDmON
AvtRAGE OF TL~U:E OR MORE
..... ~STS PER TEMPERA'l1JRE

~ 40
Fsu ~
~

A
-109F

BOF

SIGLE SHiAR ) 250F

30
0 100 200 300 400 500
TEMP-F 2a
FIG. 3.0351 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERA'l1JRE ON FIG, 3,03711 CRACK STRENGTH OF CLAD SIIEET AT
AVERAGE SHEAR STRENGTH OF SEVERAL -109, 80 AND 250F FOR VARIOUS CRACK
FORGINGS. (17) T.t:'l\rr.Tncz
 AIWT
REVISED: MARCH 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Al-2. 5Cu-1. 5Mg-l. 2Nl-l. OFe-D. 2Sl-D.1Tl

HAND FORGED BILLET
Al-2.0Cu-1.5Mg -1.2Ni-l. OFe-D. 2Si-D.1Ti AI
7/8 IN DIAMETER FORGED ROD
3 x 6 1/2 SIZE
T- 61 CONDITION
CONDITION T61 2.5 Cu
60
1.5 Mg
~ ...-..:a-
Kt )15

1.0
Lfj" .001 MAX R
SURFACE
MID-TlUCKNESS
L
0

L'r
6.
40

0 00~
!PERCENT }
6, 0.5 PERCENT
r=::--~ b.

CREEP
- ~
~OOF
1.2 Ni
1.0 Fe
0.2 Si
4 20
0 0.2 PERCENT 0.1 Ti
"V 0.1 PERCENT
I ..,
I 6 2618
~!"-__.., "t~~
.9

,L~ 4
........
',''r ~
'"%
'I~
.a

.7

0
01 2
10 100
l'sooF

1000

.6

6. lt FIG. 3.042
TIME -HOUR
CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES FOR ROD
AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE (13)

5
0 100 200 300 400 500
TEST TEMP -F
FIG. 3.03712 ELEVATED TEMPERATURE SHARP
NOTCH STRENGTH RATIO OF FORGING FOR
VARIOUS CROSS-sECTION LOCATIONS.
(17)

1- Al-2.5Cu-1.5Mg -1.2Nl-1.0Fc- -
1- 0.2Sl-0.1Tl -
100 1-
80
O. 064 CLAD SHEET - 60
Al-2.5Cu-1.5Mg -1. 2Nl-1. 0Fe-D.2Si-D.1Tl
1 INC!! BAR
60 CONDITION T61
~
4!' 40
I ~ ~ ........
30
~
.........
j'. ~~~
"'~ "'[\
400F--..,
20 20

~
~
10 10 h
'\
8 \ 8 ~ .......~
\ ~ ~~
6 \ 6 1'-. - ......"~ ~

' '"~"
............ l
r- 200F

4 f-
250F
300F 4 ... RUPTURE
' '_,"'~ ~
~OOF

350F 0 1 PERCENT ... '\[ ,~

'l
f- ST'lESS TO PRODUCE 0.1 6, 0.5 PERCENT
-
0 0.2 PERCENT CREEP
PERCENT PLASTIC iTRAIN V 0.1 PERCENT! )
2 I I 2
10 100 1000 10000 100000
10 100 1000
TIME- HOUR
TIME- HOUR
FIG. 3.041 CREEP CURVES FOR CLAD SHEET FIG. 3.043 CREEP AND CREF.:P RrTPTITRF. PRnP~o-RTTlO'Q l;"t\u
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH IH9

AI
2.5 Cu
1.5 MQ
1.2 Ni
1.0 Fe
0.2 Si
0.1 Ti

2618
100
90 t---- Al~2.sCu1.5Mg1.2Nl-~.OFe...0.2SHI.1Tl - 1--
80 1---- 1 INCH DIAMETER FORGED BAR
70 t - - 988F, 20 HR, BWQ + 392F, 20 HR
-- 1--
r--
60
50 --
40 --- ---='":l! 212F

30 ::::::-;:;-
--......:::
- ~ 302F

~ --; ....
20
r---...... ~ r-......,
;..~ 392F

(~ ':~ ~p~ . . . . .
~ ~:~
~ ~ ........! 482F
10 ....... ......
9 -
8 :::--.. 1'.
.........::::-;:...........
~ 7 ~ !:'-..
6
5 ~~ ~......,_
4 c"'''"-...
""'"~"\
.......
..., 572F
3
f,l~

2
~~~ 1'-.....4 ~
"' l

" ~ '-~ ~~
'"
................
1'-..'"1 ~ 662F
1
.9 1 - -
.8 1 - -
...0 RUPTURE
.1PERCENT
' '.........
.7 1 - -
.6 1 - -
1::.
[J
.2 PERCENT ~ CREEP
.5 PERCENT J
'
.5 '\
.4
1 10 100 1000 10,000

TIME -HOUR
FlG. 3.044 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE PROPERTIES AT ELEVATED
TEMPERATURES FOR FORGED BAR. (16)
 REVISED: MARCH 1111
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS

,j

\.,..1
Al-2.5C u-1.5M g-1. 2N1-1. OFe-o. 2Si-o.1T 1
70
HAND FORGED BU.LET S
AI
3 X 6 1/2, 4 x 8 AND 8 x 11INCH 2.5 Cu
T 61 CONDri'ION
1.5 MQ
1.2 Ni
1.0 Fe
0.2 Si
0.1 Ti
2618

TEMP- F CREEP
RUPTU RE
250


325
400

- - - - - - 1 PERCEN T
CREEP
10L----L~~---L-~---L
--~----~--~~
.1 10 100 1000
TIME-HOUR
FIG. 3.045 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES
FOR FORGING AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES.
(17)

T I I !
Al-2. SCu-1. 5Mg-1. 2N1-1. OFe-o. 2St-o.1 TI
I I

60 -1- HAND FORGED Bll.LET S

-
~ ...
1- T61CO NDmO N

AXIAL LOAD
........ R = 0.05
-
- ... -
~-- A a 0.9
Kt 1 =
1-
""' ~ 1-
.._
r-"'--
1.11
MID-THICKNESS, L

~1'\.
Bll.LET SIZE ...,

3 X 6 1/2

4x8
1-
- 1...... . 8 X 11
-
II _..
40
3/8-

"
F
-- ~I~'
~

- -
-- ~
--
~
~ It--
- ....
30
l:L_c~ I 21/2 1
........... t-.
~

104 105 106

CYCLE S TO FAIWR E
FIG. 3.0531 AXIAL tnAn 'J:'ATTnttli' ~w:ovn'I"U ~n En>~
AIWT
NONFERROUS ALLOYS REVISED: MARCH 1969

AI
Al-2. 5Cu-1.5Mp;-1.2N l-1. OFe-o. 2Sl-o.1Tl
2.5 Cu
60 ... 2,,. HAND FORGED BILLETS
I .5 Mg T61CONDITION

-
I
.1.2 Ni AXIAL LOAD
1.0 Fe _.._. 1.&. R = 0.05
A=0.9

~
Kt= 1
0.2 Si
0.1

2618
Ti

"~
"' 1- ............ - I
MID-TIDCKNESS ,LT

e
BILLET SIZE
3x61/2

1-
.. - "'


4x8
Bx 11

40 r
~ .
"~ !~
SEE FIGURE 3.0531
1- FOR SPECIMEN GEOMETRY

"""' ~
- - ~
r-
I I J I

105
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3.0532 AXIAL LOAD FATIGUE STRENGTH FOR SMOOTH
LONG-TRANSVE RSE SPECIMENS FROM SE~ERAL FORGED
BILLETS. (17)

Al-2.5Cu-1.5Mg -1.2Nl-l. OF e-O. 2Sl-o.lTI

HAND FORGED BILLETS

T61CONDITION

A....} 4.l. .'::>AD

=
R .:,.(1!.
A= G.9
Kt = 2.4

MID-TIUCKNES S, LT

BILLET SIZE
e3x61/2
,~ ~.X 8
6 X 11

. \J;A '

15

105
CYCLES TO FAILURE
-, - - - .,..._''""'"~ ~v~ '"vnr ~nnvu;:, '"'LLV T ~

50

45 \\ l.a
~
Al-2. 5Cu-1. 5Mg-1. 2N1-l. OFe-o. 2S1-Q.1T1
HAND FORGED Bll.LETS
T 61 CONDITION

AXIAL LOAD
- 2.5
I .5
AI
Cu
M9
R = 0.05
1.2 Ni
40 1\-- A= 0.9
-
\r- Kt= 2.4 1.0 Fe

~ 35 ~ .. MID-THICKNESS, LT

-
0.2 Si
0.1 Ti
~
I

"'
~ 30 f--
\_ ..
BILLET SIZE
3 X 6 1/2
4x8
8 X ll
-
2618

L f--
\ - ....
I~
20 1-

15 1-
SEE FIGURE 3. 0533 FOR
SPECIMEN GEOMETRY "--~ .
r-..... r--_
A
....
~

10 I I I I I I

CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3,0534 AXIAL LOAD FATIGUE STRENGTH FOR NOTCHED
LONG-TRANSVERSE SPECIMENS FROM SEVERAL
FORGED Bll.LETS. (17)

AI-2. 5Cu-1.5Mg-1. 2Nl-1. OFe-o. 2Sl-D,1Tl

4 x B HAND FORGED BILLET

T 61 CONDITION

eKt=l.O
Kt=2.4
R =-1.0
ROTATING BEAM
A= oo

MID-TffiCKNESS ,L

10

2.4

10 5
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3, 0535 ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE STRENGTH FOR SMOOTH
AND NOTCHED LONGITUDINAL SPECIMENS FROM
FORGED BILLETS. (17)
 AI
Al-2.5 Cu-1,5 .Mg-1. 2Nl-l.O Fe-G.2 Sl-G,lT I
2.5 Cu
4 :c 8 IN HAND FORGED BILLE T
I .5 Mg T61CO NDmO N
1.2 Ni R=-1 .0
ROTATING BEAM
1.0 Fe A= oo

0.2 Si Kt= 1
Kt = 2.4
0.1 Ti

2618
SURFACE ,L

SEE FIGURE 3,0535 ~"'OR

SPECIMEN GEOMETRY

CYCLES TO FAIW RE
FIG. 3,0536 ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE STRENGTH FOR
SMOOTH AND NOTCHED LONGITUDINAL SPECIM
ENS
FROM FORGED BILLE T. (17)

I
AI- 2.5Cu - 1.5111 g-1.2N I- 1.0Fe - 0.281- 0.1TI

4 x 8 l!N HAND FORGED BILLE T

60 T61CO NDmO N
-
50
' r\ ROTATING BEAM R=-1.0
A= oo
TEST TEMP 250 F
-

~"" " Kt = 1.0

-
~= 2.4
' .., ~~ f--
-
~ ~ !''-.
'- ~ ""--. SURFA CE, L
-
~ ~
20
SEE FIGIJ"RE 3,0535 FOR
SPECIMEN GEOMETRY
~ -~ 1'-1'-.
~ ............

1'--r---
-
10 !'-....
--- -..
~
I I I
3 4
10 10 5 7
10 10
8
10
CYCLES TO FAILURE
FIG. 3.0537 ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE STRENGTH FOR
SMOOTH AND NOTCHED LONGITUDINAL SPECIM
ENS
FROM FORGED BILLE T TESTED AT
250F. (17)

CODE 3213
PAGE 16
 Al-2.5Cu-1.5 Mg-1.2NI-1.0 Fe-o,2S1-o.1T t
4 x 8 IN HAND FORGED BILLET
AI
T61CONDmO N 2.5 Cu
60
R = -1.0
- 1.5 MQ
ROTATING BEAM

50 I "'
-
A= oo
L2 Ni
!"- TEST TEMP 400 F 1.0 Fe

0
K ~- .. Kt=l.O
Kt = 2.4
-
0.2 Si
0.1 Ti
'-:
or-
I'\"-~ ""' ~ ........ SURFACE, L
2618

~f'-., ~ ~
2 or- - ~"' ...............
""""
SEE FIGURE 3. 0635 FOR
SPECIMEN GEOMETRY ~ I'--
lr ~ ~._
10
-
--....:... ~ ~

I I I

loS lui
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.0538 ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE STRENGTH FOR

SMOOTH AND NOTCHED LONGITUDINAL
SPECIMENS FROM FORGED BILLET TESTED
A'l'400F. (17)

14 Al-2.5.Cu-l.6 Mg-1.2NI-1.0 Fe-o.2SI

-o.lT1

1 1/8 IN DlA FORGED BAR

12 - - - FORGING
12
liN BAR AFTER 400 HR Al-2. 5Cu-1.5Mg-l. 2NI-l, OFe-o. 281-o.lTI
EXPOSURE TIME HAND FORGINGS
CONDITION T61
~10~~~~--+---~----~ 11 I I
~ 'f'......_ AVERAGE OF T~E TESTS
g l~r------.
::: 10 1-----+- ---+-Ec ~P"---+-===-

EXPOSURE 30 M1N

6 \ 0
oL-----2~0~0-----4~00------6~00-~--~8~0
AT TEST TEMP-F
9~----~----~----~----~--~
0 100 200 300 400 600
TEMP-F TEMP -F
FIG. 3.0621 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY A1' ROOM
AND ELEVATED TEMPERATU RE FOR FIG. 3.0622 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATU RE ON
FORGED BAR (7) MODULUS OF ELASTICITY lN COMPRESSION.
(14)
 AI
2.5 Cu
1.5 Mg
1.2 Ni
1.0 Fe
0.2 Si
0.1 Ti

2618

REFERENCES

1. AMS 4132A (January 15, 1962)

2. Aluminum 2618, Alloy Digest, Filing Code: Al-76
(February 1959)
3. Siegrist, F.L., "How to do More with Wrought
Aluminum Alloys", Metal Progress, Vol. 82, No 4
(October 1962)
4. Aluminum Standards and Data, 1968~9, The Aluminum
Association, First Edition (April 1968)
5. Alcoa Aluminum Handbook, Aluminum Company of
America (1967)
6. Hidumlnium, RR .58 Alloy Digest, Filing Code: Al-34
(November 1955)
7. "llldumlnlum Elevated Temperature Alloys", High
Duty Alloys Ltd. (1956)
8. Doyle, W.M., "Hidumlnlum RR .58", High Alloys Ltd.
England (September 1964)
9. rell, E.A. and Doyle, W.M., 'The Effect of
Intermediate Cold Work on the Structure of Hldumlnium
R. R. 58 Alloy Sheet", Journal of the Institute of
Metals, Vol. 93 (1964~5)
10. "St.andards for Aluminum Mill Products 1966", The
Aluminum Association, Eighth Edition (September 1965)
11. "Get!erai Materials Information, Phase 1 - Material
Data'', Progress Report No. 1, Northrop Corporation,
Noralr Division (June 30, 1961)
Figge, I.E., "Residual Strength of Alloys Potentially
Useful In Supersonic Aircraft", NASA TN-D-2613
(November 1964)
13. Voorhees, R. H. and Freeman, J. W., "Report on the
Elevated-Temperature Properties of Aluminum and
Magnc.,ium Alloys", ASTM STP No. 291 (1960)
14. Kuschell, K.E., "Room and Elevated Temperature
Properties of Alumhoum Forging Alloy 2618-T61",
Northrop Aircraft l'nc. (Aprtl 1960)
15. ''Properties and Applications of Wrought Aluminum
Alloys", ~_,;:ress, Vol. 82, No.4
(October 1962)
16. Private correspondance between Dr. W. M. Doyle,
Technical Director, High Duty Alloys, Ltd.
Slough Bucks, England, and the Mechanical Properties
Data Center (June 13, 1968)
17. Lumm, J.A., "Mechanical Properties of 2618
Aluminum Alloy", Technical Report, AFML-TR~G-238.
North American Aviation, Inc. (July 1966)
18. Kt.ufman, J.G., Holt, Marshall, "Fracture
Characteristics of Aluminum Alloys", Alcoa Research
Laboratory, Technical Paper H18, 1965 Aluminum
Company of America
1!1. Roske, D.P., Gunn, N.J.F., Ballett, J.T.,
Bradshaw, F.J., "Crack Propagation In Fatigue,
Some Experiments with DTD 5070A, Alumln:1m Alloy
Sheet", (October 1964), .Royal Aircraft Establishment
Technical Report, 64025
20. Gunn, N.J. F., "FatlguP- Cracking Rates and Residual
Strength of Eight Aluminum Sheet Alloys"
(October 1964) Royal Aircraft Establishment Tt-chnical
Report, 64024

CODE ~?I~
 MAt'CI,;N I~I:H

1. GEI~ERAL 1.054 Temper designations lor the alloy, Table 1.054.

X700S Is a wrought, agehardenable aluminum-zinc AI
.
\ ,... .,.. magnesium alloy developed recently lor use In large
4.6 Zn
strUctUres where post braze solution heat tteatment Is
Impractical. 'This high strength aluminum alloy has a
high melting ran&e and can be readily brazed, soldered TABLE I 054 1-4 Mg
or welded. Its high mechsnlca1 properties are main !Source I
talned aCter brazing or welding without the need lor IA11nv X700S Q5 Mn
solution heat treatment. The low quench sensitivity Temper
or this alloy requires only a moderate rate or cooling [I' As !3bricated 0.1 Zr
lrom brazing or soldering temperatures. Thus, se""re 0 Annealed
distortions r.re a voided. w Solution heat treated 0.1 Cr
X700S exhibits good corrosion and stress-corrosion T6 Solution heat treat + artlllcial age by producer
cracking resistance, gc:xl mechanical properties at room T62 Solution heat treat+ anlllclal age by user 0.03Ti
and cryogenic temperatures and Its fracture toughness T53(a) Artlllclallyaged!o llowinganelevated temperatur<
appears to be excellent, (1)(2). fabricating process by producer
The alloy Is considered to be experimental, at present, T63 Solution heat treat+ artlllcial all".! bv nroducer X7005
except !or exa-uslons made by the producer. (a) For ex truslons and tubing

1. 01 Commercial Designation
X700S.

1. 02 Alternate Designation
None.
1.06 ~
1.03 Specllh:a~
None. 1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
1.071 Sheet (0, F and T6 tempers).
1.04 Composition 1.072 Plate (0, F, T6 and T63 tempers).
Table 1.04. 1.073 Extrusions and tubing (0, T53, T6 and T63 tempers).

1. 08 Melting and Casting Practic".

1.09 pecial Considerations

1.091 11tick sections. stressed in the short .. transverse direction,
are susceptible to stress .. corrosion cracking at stresses
TABLE I 04 as low as 2S percent ol 'Fty Stress corrosion cracking
Source Alcoa I resistance In the longitudinal and long-transverse direct
Percent tJons, however, Is of a h.J.gh order for material stressed
Min Max up to 7S percent ol Fty, (1).
Chromium 0.06 0.20 1.092 Forming or alloy products In an ardllclally aged temper
Copper . 0.!0 may produce residual stresses that can cause stress
Iron
Magnesium
-
1.0
0.3S
!.8
corrosion cracking, particularly il a suF.talned tension
load Is super-Imposed upon the residual tension stress.
Manganese 0.20 o. 70 It Is recomn1ended that when severe !ormlng operations
SlllcGn.
Titanium
-
0.01
0.3S
0.06
are required, that the alloy be formed In the 0 oc W
temper and then given the appropriate thermal treatm'!nt,
Zinc 4.2 s.o (I).
Zirconium 0.06 0.20 1.093 In fillet-welded joints, residual welding stresses e>Cn
Others Each - o.os ing'tenslon across the edge or a plate may cause stress
Total - O.!S corrosion cracking In the edges. Care should be taken
Aluminum Bala~ce In the design or such joints, (I).

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

2.01 lbermal Properties

2.011 Melting range. IllS to 1195F, (1),
2.012 Phase changes
;!,0121 Timetemperatur etranslormatlon diagrams
2.013 Thermal conductivity
!.OS Heat Treatment Otemper. 96.8 Btu !t per (hr sq lt F),
!.OS! Anneal (0 temper): Heat to 6SO to 7SOF, hold several T63 temper. 87. 1 Btu ,rt per (hr sq lt F), (I).
hours, furnace cool at SOF per hour to about 400F, air 2.014 Thermal expansion
cool. Fig. 2.0!4.
!.OS11 Stabilizing anneal: Heat to 4SOF, hold 4 to 6 hours sub 2.01S Specllic heat
sequent to full anneal treatment and air or furnace cool. 2.0!6 Thermal dillusivlty
!.OS2 Thermal treatmen!' Optimum strength and resistance to
stress-corrosion cracking are obtained by a thermal 2.02 Other Physical Properties
treatment resulting In the TS3 or T63 temper. This 2.021 Density. 0.101 lb pel~ cu in; 2.8 gr per cu em, (1),
thermal treatment practice was developed by Alcoa and 2.022 Electrical properties
Is propl'letary. Requests lor licensing and disclosure 2.0221 Electrical conductivity at RT.
ol this practice should be directed to Alcoa, (I). 0 temper, 43\\', lACS,
Brazing temperatures are su!!lciently high to cause T63 temper, 38\\', lACS, (1 ).
!.OS3
solution treatment during brdZing O[ the alloy, and the 2.023 Magnetic properties
alloy is relatively insensitive to rate or cooling from the The alloy Is nonmagnetic, (1).
braze temperature. Thus many Bf!&emblles can be 11.lr 2.0~4 Emissivity
cooled nlter brazing and then art!llcially aged or natural 2.025 Dlmpin~ capacity

aged to high strengths.

CODE 3214
PI\GE
AIW I
NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1967

2.03 Chemical Properties 3.0213 Effect or long time agtng at 250F on tenslle properti=:> or
AI 2.031 Geneo.al. In the aged tempers, the corrosion resistance
sheet, Fig. 3. 0213.
or X70051s comparable to that or 6061 and 5000 series or 3.0214 Effect of P.:;ing time at room temperature on tensile prop-
4.6 Zn aluminum alloys and Is superior to that of the 7000 series erties of sheet, Table 3. 0214.
alloys such as 70751"6 and 70791"6. Susceptlblllty to
1.4 Mg exfoliation has been observed In the F and In the W tem

0.5 Mn
pers only, and It Is recommended that the final product
should receive a thermal treatment during or after fabrl 'Snurc"
..
TABL" 3 0214
fi{Zl
cation to ellmln.lte this characteristic, (1)(2~. llimz_ X7COS
0.1 Zr 2.032 Preliminary studies Indicate that the corrosion resist
--"= 0. 063 Inch sheet
an"~ of brazed specimens, artificially aged afte~ brazing, I Corulltlon LHea.tedlll2!ll .ll1mln. 'r. ' ..... A RT
0.1 Cr Is good. Specimens naturally aged after brazing exhibit
'""''''''~
Ftu ksl Frv,ksl e 2 tn oercent
a slight reduction In conoslcn resistance. None 28 12 26
0.03Ti 2.033 X7005 Is anodic to the recommended brazing flllcr alloys 3 days 42 2i 22
and to most other aluminum alloys. Thus It ge.nerally
1 week 45 24 22
will preferentially corrode to protect the ruler metal and lmonth 49 27 21
X7005 the dissimilar metal to which It Is joined, when exposed 3 months 52 30 21
to environments conducive to galwnlc corrosion, (2). 6 months
2.034 54 32 21
Resistance to stress corrosion cracking or aged material to T63 52 44 13
Is good when alloy Is stressed up to 75 percent of Fty In
the longitudinal and transverse directions. Thick sections
stressed In the shorttransver se direction are susceptible 3.022 Compression
to stress corrosion cracking at stresses &IJ luw as 25 3.0221 Compressive yield strength, see Table 3. 012.
percent of Fry. (See alao Section 1. 09). Optimum 3.023 1m pact
strengths and stress corrosion crack resistance are ob.. 3.024 Bending.
tal ned by a thermal treatment resulting In the T53 or
Cold bend tests have Indicated that the bend properues of
T63 temper.
plate and sheet In the T63 temper are slmlhr to 60611"6
2.035 Preliminary studies on butt-welded T6 an,J T63 sheet and b<.'lld properties.
plate Indicate that little problem with stress corrosion 3.0241 Suggested bend radii for plate and sheet In 0 a11d T63
cracking Is erpected In these joints. In good electro- tempers, Table 3.0241.
lytEs such as sea water. however, severe selective
attack may occur In the heat affected :z:one adjacent to the
weld. This can be avoided by postweld aging joints,
"hlch arc welded In the W oc T63 tenper, using the T63
Hging practice. I.Bource_
.
TABLE 3 0241
I
~llav X7005
2.04 Nu.,lear Prope>Uos
LFurm Plate. sheet
I r.ondltlmt 0 T63
3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES I "Jblckness - In Approx. radii for 90" cold bend
3.01 Specl!lcd Mechanical Properties 0.064 I/2- 1 l/2t l-2t
3.011 AMS Spectrlcatlons. 0.!25 1- I l/2t 1 1/2-2 l/2t
None. 0.187 1- 2t 2-.lt
3.012 Producer's tentative typical and erpected minimum de 0.250 1- 2t 2 1/2-3 l/2t
sign properties nl sheet, plate and extrusions, Table 0.375 2- 3t 3-4t
3.012. 0.500 2- 3t 3-4t

TABLE 3.012
Snurcf' Alcoa (l)
Allov X7005
l'nrm
l'"nn~lolnn u T53 "' T6 IT63.T635J _T6
Sheet. elate
_T63. T635: T53
Thlr.nP"" In
-rvo1cat < ~ 0.250-3.00 -
Minimum Minimum
Ftu -ksl, L 28 60 54 54 47 47 50
T 28 60 54 54 47 47 46
Fty -ksl, L 12 53 46 46 38 38 44
T 12 53 46 46 38 38 40
Fey ksl L - -- . - 39

Fsu -ksl
T -17 32
-
32
-
32
39
29
38
40
42
42
27 27
Fbru -ksl
e/0 = 1.5
e/0 2.0
-
- - -
- -- 70
91
70 70
91 90
Fbry -ksl

-- - -
e/0 1.5 53 53 57
e/0 2.0
e(2 In or 40) -percent 20
-IS -
12
-
12
61
7
61 70
7 10

3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature

3.021 3.025 Torsion and shear
Tension. See also Table 3.012.
3.0251 Shear ultimate strength, see Table 3. 012.
3.0211 Effect of natural aging on tensile properties of sheet and 3.026 Bearing
plate, Fig. 3. 0211.
..3.0261 Bearing ultimate and yield atrengtha, see Table 3.0!2.
:!.0212 Eftect of natural aging on tensile propenles of extrusions,
3.027 Stress concentration. See Section 3. 037.
Fig. 3.0212. 3.0271 Notch properties

COOl! 3214
Pf.GI~ 2
MARCHI967 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWT

3.0272 Fracture toughness 4.012 Suggested bend radii for plate and sheet In 0 and T63
3.028 Combined properties temper, see Table 3, D241.
AI
3.03 Mechanic:sl Properties at Various Temperatures Machining and Grinding
3.031 Tension 4.6 Zn
3.0311 Stress-strain diagrams 4.D21 Machinability or this alloy Is good. For high production 1.4 Mg
3.0312 Efiec:t of low temperatures on tensile propenles of sheet, work, high speed steel or preferably c:srbldetlpped
Pig. 3, 1'312, cutting tools are recommended. Single point cutting
3.032 Com pression tools of high speed steel should be ground :D to SO
Q5 Mn
3.033 Impact degree top rake, 10 to 2D degree side rake, 8 to 10 0.1 Zr
3.034 liending degree front and side clearance angles. High speeds
3,035
3,036
Torsion and shear
lies ring
and Cine to medium Ceeds should be used. For rough
lathe turning, cutting speeds ot 500 to 1000 sCpm, Ceeds
0.1 Cr
3.037 Stress concentration oC D. 007 to D. D30 Inch and depths or cut up to D. 25 Inch 0.03Ti
3.0371 Notch properties c:an be employed, Cutting speeds of 600 to 1000 sCpm,
3.03711 Effect of low temperature on sharp notch strength of feeds or D. 0002 to 0. 01 D Inch and depth c! cut or D. 002 to
sheet and extrUsions, Fig. 3.037ll. O.OlD Inch c:sn be used Cor finish lathe turning. In X7005
3.03712 Effect oC low temperature on notch-strength-ratio Cor shaping, boring and planing operations a cutting speed
sheet and extrusions, Fig. 3.03712. equal to the maximum travel ot the ram can be attained.
3.03713 Effect or low temperature on tear strength or sheet and The alloy can be cut dry, but a cutting fluid Is recomend-
extrusions, Pig. 3, 03713. ed Cor good cooling and lubrication, Soluble oils are
3.03714 Results or tear tests on T6 sheet and T53 extrusions at satisfactory Cor many operations. Carbon olls or kero-
room temperature and low temperatures, Table 3. 03714. sene mixed with lard oll, usually In equal parts, are also
satisfactory. For heavy cuts and slow feeds, pure lard
on gl ves good results.
TABLE 3 03714
Cutting edges or tools should be kept sharp and free from
I Source (I
grinding scratches, (2).
Altnv X7005
I Tesi Tear tests a 4.03 Welding
Fonn 0. 063 ln. T6 sheet and T53 extrusions
4.D3I General. This alloy can be readily welded, brazed or
Enern re uired to
soldered, and will maintain high mechanic:sl properties
Initiate a propagate Total Unit propagation after welding or brazing without post-weld (or post-
Temp Temper Dir crack a crack energJ energy
braze) solution heat treatment.
F lnlb ln-lb ln-lb ln-lb/in2 4.D32 Fusion welding. Weldablllty by TIG and MIG Cuslon proc-
RT Tl> L 29 a3 ll2 1290 essiOs Is excellent IC XSI80 Clller w1re Is employed.
RT T6 T 36 82 liB 1275 Alter welding, the alloy wlll naturally age In several weeks
RT T53 L 67 104 171 1040 to produce a lltronger weld joint than any of the non-heat
RT T53 T 64 84 148 840 treatable alum:lnum alloys. Art!Clclal aging, after weld-
-ll2 T53 L 40 59 99 590 Ing, wHI .iunher Improve the weld strength, particularly
-112 T53 T 40 37 77 375 the yield strength.
-320 T53 L 27 59 86 590 Welding procedures, joint preparation, machine settings
-320 T53 T 28 37 65 375 and other welding vart>bles are the same for X7005 as
Cor other aluminum alloys. Precleanlng procedures
(a) For tear test specimen used, See Fig. 3. 03713. are the same as those employed for the other heat treat-
able alloys, (I).
4.0321 Average tensile strength (bead on) of butt-welded sheet
3.0372 Fracture toughness joint&, Table 4. D321.
3.038 Combined properties

3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture PropertJes TABLE 4 0321

Source m
3.05 Fatigue Properties AIIOV X7005 X 5!80 filler)
3.051 5-N curves Cor smooth and notched extrusions In various IJ>nrm Butt-welded sheet olnts
conditions, Fig. 3. 051. I Condition T6 Cbefo<e weldln
3,052 5-N flexural fatigue curve for sheet, Pig, 3. 052. Postweld aged Natural age
to T63 (3 months)
3.06 Elastic Properties
3.061 Poisson 'a ratio Ftu -ksl 51 49
3.062 Modulus of elasticity Fa'' -ksl 41 28
e( ln~
1
3.0621 Young's modulus. E = !0.3 x 103 ksl, ~1). -percent 9 ID.B
3.0622 Compression modulus. Ec = 10.5 x 10 ksl, (1). e(IO In -oercent 8.5 8.7
3.0623 Modulus of rigidity. G a 3. 9 x !03ksl, (1).
4,0322 The presence or zinc as a constituent In X7005 and In the
4. FABRICATION filler metals requires that precautions be taken to pro-
vide adequate 'l<lntilation during shop or Cleld welding
4.01 Formablll;y operations.
4.011 General. Formability oC the alloy In the T63 temper Is 4.033 Resistance welding. The alloy c:sn be successfully spot,
reported to be similar to that of 606IT6 as evaluated or stud welded by using machine schedules similar to
Crom 9D" cold bend tests (see Section 3. D24). Fonnlng those established Cor 7075 or X7106 alloys.
or artiCiclally aged products may produce residual 4.D34 Brazing. The alloy Ia suitable Cor brazing by all brazing
stresses that can c&uae stress corrosion cracking (see methods; furnace, dlp, torch and the new vacuum flux-
Section 1. 092). T1:1us It Is recommended that when less brazing technique, It has good brazing character-
severe forming Is required the alloy should be Conned In Istics, and high strength after brazing Is obtained by
the 0 (annealed) or W (solution heat treated) temper and natural or an!Clclal aging. Brazing temperatures em-
then given the appropriate !henna! treatment. U severe ployed are suCClclently high to effect solution heat treat
forming Is applied to material In the W Condition, It momt during brazing. Tills alloy Is relatively Insensitive
should be accomplished within 12 hours after solution to rate of quenching. Thus many assemblies may be air
heat treatment, (1), cooled Crom brazing temperatures, (1)(2).

. '
 Typical propenles of sheet, air cooled from brazing
temperatures, see Table 3.0214. IS X7005
AI 4.0341 The melting runge of 1125 to U95F for this alloy enables P.
..:
4.6 Zn brazing to be accomplished with standard fluxes and
ttl
fillers. For "dip brazing" In the recommended range 0.
:!!: 14
/
1.4 Mg of 1080 to UOOP, Alcoa No. 34 rtux permits easy flow
~OMRTTO
0.5 Mn
0.1 Zr 4.0342
and good wetting of filler metals. Alcoa No. 33 and No.
53 rtuxes are satisfactory for ''furnace brazing", Alcoa
No. 716 or No. 718 filler wires are recommended, (2).
The alloy can be successfully brazed up to a tempe mture
of 1120P. However, brazing times and temperatures
..:
"'
0.
:!!:
'?
2
13
v TEMP fNDICATED

MEAN COEF LINEAR

I
0.1 Cr should be kept as low as possible to minimize silicon THERMAL EXPANSION
penetratiOn from the filler and to prevent excessive
I
0.03Ti grain growth In the alloy, (1). 12 0
200 400 600 800
4.0343 Precleanlng methods used for other heat treatable alum!
num alloys are satisfactory for X7005. After brazing, TEMP- F
X7005 the brazed joint must be thoroughly cleaned to remove
PIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION
all nux residue. Hot running water will wash off the
major portion of the residue, (1).
4.0344 Recommended fillers and temperatures for brazing,
Table 4. 0344.

TABLE 4 0344
Source (I)
A ov X7005
Brazing X7005 Temperature range
to Pliler
for brazing
X7005 4047 (No. 718)
3003 or 1100
No. 23 or 24
Brazing sheet
No. 21 or 22
4047
4045
4047
(No.
(No.
(No.
718)
714) or
718) ..
} 1080-liOOF

Brazing sheet
No. 11 or 12
Brazing sheet
4343 (No. 713)

4343 (No. 713) } 1100-1120F

Use No. 34 flux for dip brazing; No. 33 or 53 flux for furnace
Use No. 718 where additional flller Is required.

4.035 Soldering. This alloy may be easily furnace soldered

with .~Jcoa 805 or 806 solders and a reactive zinc
chloride flux. A solution of 50 to 70 percent 66A flux
In normal propyl alcohol is satisfactory for furnace
soldering In the temperature range of 750-850F, (I).
4.0351 Tensile properties of sheet, furnace soldered, air cooled
and aged, Table 4. 0351.

TABLE 4 0351
I ~nu~P (I
tlnv X7005
r.ondltlon urnace soldered at 750F I min, AC + asre
Aging Fty e(2ln),
FtU'
treatme~t Ocs-ll (ksll loercent\
None 35 16 21
I week at RT 48 25 20
I month at RT 53 29 20
2 months at RT 54 30 20

4.04 He.:: Treatment

4.041 h .;~~~ng Is required, It should be accomplished
wtt. , . '1ours after solutJon heat treatment, see Section
4.011.

4.05 Surface Treatment

4.051 Alumlllte finishes, Including alumlllte ''hard coatings"
can be applied to X7005 without difficulty. 1bc annealed
(0) temper requires a higher formation voltage than T6
or T63 tempers. Chromic acid anodize coatings and
chemical conversion films may also be applied, (1).

AGING TIME HR
FIG. 3.0211 EFFECT OF NATURAL AGING ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET
AND PLATE (I)

CODE 3214
PAGE 4
 160r--r--------~--------~~~------------~r-~~

X7005
-400 -300 -200 100 0 100

TEMP- F
FIG. 3.037ll EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON SHARP
NOTCH STRENGTH OF SHEET ANU EXTRUSIONS
(I ){4)
AGING TIME HR
FIG. 3. 0212 EFFECT OF NATURAL AGING ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF EXTRUSIONS {I)

--
60
X7005
0.064 lrl SHEET !'>-
1090F IOMIN, AC
L/_ t'-
y
v
40

20
~
TY
AGING TEMP
250F
0
~
20 r--
e{2 IN)
r---
I MO TEMP P
0
0.1 10 100 1000 FIG. 3.03712 EFFECT OP LOW TEMPERATURE ON NOTCH STRENGTH
RATIO POR SHEET AND EXTRUSIONS {1)
AGING TIME - liR
FIG. 3. 021< EF I'ECT OF LONG TIME AGING AT 250F ON
T!!NSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET (ll
100
X7005
u; 0. 063 IN SHEET
:.:
EXTRUSIONS

::: -- - _.,...
100 X 90
X7005 ....
0, 063 IN SHEET 0
z -=...::.
80 eT6
"'a:!;;
A T53 80 .--o-
a: -+-L -o-
T53
~ EXTRUSIONS
LT
.... -o-L
60 I SHEET
i
-300
-<r- LT
200
T6
-100 0 100
TEMP P
40
.p~:, 3.03713 EPPECT OP LOW TEMPERATURES ON
.... 20 TEAR STRENGTH OF SHEIIT AND EX-
z {1)
TRUSIONS
"'u
a: e(2 IN)

"'
TT"1i . . .
... 0
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100

~7/16
TEMP- P

PIG. 3.0312 EPPECT OF LOW TEMPERATURES ON TENSILE

PROPERTIES OP SHEET (4)(5)

CODE 3214
PAGE 5
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCHI967

60
AI X7005
';"'I)
4.6 Zn EXTRUSIONS
50 L,T
1.4 Mg
Q5 Mn
R -1
0.1 Zr i2 40
:g ROT
0.1 Cr IQ BEAM
"'
-
FATIGUE
0.03TI t; 30 TEST
~
X70 05 i!l
X
<
::s 20
oe T6
A4 T53
o
1'63
10 ---707 5-1'6
OAOSM OOTH
eA. NOTCHED
A BAND FOR SMOOTH SPECIMENS
B BAND POH NOTCHED SPECIMEN
0
lo2 loJ lo4 loS lo6 107 lr:IJ 109
NUMBER OP CYCLES
PIG. 3.051 S-N CURVE FOR SMOOTH AND
NOTCHED EXTRUSION IN VARIOUS
CONDITIONS
(1)

R 97/8"

[. "\)
Loo.

30 REFERENCES
X7005

20 "\ 0.040 IN SHEET

Nuernb erger, H. H., "Alcoa Aluminum Alloy
Alcoa Green Letter, (ReVIsed March 1965)
X7005",

""-- 2 Alloy Digest, "Aluminum X7005", FlUng Code:

Engine ering Alloys Digest, Inc., Oanusr y 1966)
Al-151 ,

~
3 "A ReVIew and Compa rison ot Alloys for Future
Solld
10 Propell ant Rocket Motor Cases, " DMlC Memor
andum
184, Defense Metals Information Center , Battelle
- eT Memor ial Institut e, (November 15, 1963)
4L Anders on, w. A. et al., "Notch SensitiVIty
ot Alumin um-
0 Zinc-M agnesiu m Alloys at Cryoge nic Tempe
ratures ",
lo4 ProceedlnSII, 1963 Cryoge nic Engine ering Confer
loS lo6 loB Advanc es In Cryoge nic Engine ering, Vol. 9,
ence,
K. D.
NUMBER OP CYCLES Tlmme rhaus (Editor ), distribu ted by Pleuum
Pre New
York, N. Y., (1964)
FIG. 3.052 SN FLEXURAL FATIGUE CURVE 5
FOR SHEET Kaufman, J. G. and Wande rer, E. T., "Alumi
num for
{I) Cryoge nic Applica tions", Machine Design , (No....m
ber 11,
1965)

CODE 3214
PAGE 6
 1. GENERAL
Aluminum alloy 20Zlls a wrought heat-treatable AI
aluminum -copper alloy developed to have high strength,
good weldabillty and high toughoess at cryogenic temper- 6 Cu
atures. The alloy conalsls of a complex chemical
composition that rflq!llres close contact of eleven 0.3 Mn
alloyirlt.; elements. The baalc etrengtheDlog mech-
anism lr heat treated and aged material is provided by
0.18- Zr
the precipitation of a transition aluminum-copper phaae, 0.15 Cd
the nucleation of which Is aaslsted by the presence of
cadmium and tin (1).
The strength of beat treated and aged 20211s about the
0.10 v
same as 2014-T6 and It baa nbott the same cryogBDic 0.06 Ti
toughoass. Alloy 2021 however, Ill easier to weld and
Is more resistant to stress corrosl:ln cracking. The
as-welded strength of 20211s greater than that of 2021
2219 aluminum alloy (1).

1. 01 Commercial Designation
2021, Alloy 2021.

1. 02 Alternate Dsslgnattons
None.

1. 03 Specifications
None.

1.04 C omoooltlon 1.05 Heat Treatment

Table 1.04 1,051 Annealing. To remove effects of solution heat
treatment; bold at 775F, two to three h:lurs and slow-
cool at about 50F per hour to 50 0F. To remove effects
TABLE 1.04 of cold work, a treatment at 650F, followed by un-
controlled cooling may be used.
Source (1) 1,052 Solution heat treatment. 975 to 995F, hold one hour
or more (depending on thickness), rapid quench In cold
Alloy 2021 Aluminum Al.loy water. Recommended soaking times:
Percent Percent
Nominal Min Max Minimum
Copper 6.3 5.8 6.8 Thickness. Inches Soaking Times
Manganese 0.3 0.20 0.40 o. 249 and under 1 hour
Zirconium 0.18 0.10 0.25 0,250 to 1.000 2 hours
Cadmium 0.15 0,05 0.20 1.001 to 2.000 4 bours
Vanadium 0.10 0.05 0.15 Each addition,
Titanium 0.06 0.02 0.10 1/2 tncb or
TID 0,05 0.03 0.08 fraction therecf add 1/2 bour
Iron
Silicon
-- -
-
0.30
0.20 1.053 Natural aging at room temperature of as-quenched
Zinc - - 0.10 2021 occurs at a very slow rate, see Figure 3,0214,
Magnesium
Others, each
-- -
--
0.02
0,05
1,054 Intermediate cold work. Small amounts of cold work
after solution heat treatment, but prior to artificial
Others, total
Aluminum Balance
- 0.15
Balance
aging, can cause a loss Ill yield strength. Small
amounts of llltermedlate cold work can be parttally
offset by a short pre-aging treatment. Pre-qtng
consists of holding as-quenched material at 300F,
one hour, prier to cold working. The temper desig-
nation for material pre-aged and stretched a maximum
1. 5 percent Is T31 (1),
1.0541 Effect of Intermediate cold work and pre-aging on
tenaUe properties, Table 1. 0541.

TABLE 1.0541

Source (1)
Allov 2021
Form Sheet (b)
Cold Work 0 Stretch 1,5 5 10 40
or Stretch Percent (a) Percent Percent Percent Percent
Pre-age<! (C)
before No No No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes
WorklnK
Ftu, kat 76,5 75.4 72.9 73.6 72.0 73.5 71.3 72.7 71.3 74.4
Fty, ksl 69.3 66.5 61.9 63.9 60.9 63,3 60.2 62,8 61.9 66.9
e(2 In), percent 9,0 9.5 9,0 9.0 9.5 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.8 8.5

f. a) Minimum stretch to flatten.

r b) Transverse propertle of sheet cold worked after qucmchlng but prier to aging at 325F.
! c) Pre-aged at 300F, l hour (e><eept metal worked 40 percent wu pre-aged at 300F for 1. 5 bour)
f.

I i

CODE ~~IG
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 1969

1,055 Artificial age as-quenched material to T6 Condition. 2,03 Chemical Properties

AI Heat to 325F, bold alxteen hours for sheet up to 2,031 General. Alloy 20211s as resistant to general
0, 249 inch thick, or twenty-four hours for plate from corrosive attack as are the other alumlnum-<:opper
6 Cu o. 250 to 2, ooo lncbes thick. alloys such as 2024 and 2219, In particularly
Experience with plate thicker than 2. 000 inches Is not corrosive environments, however, surface protection
0.3 Mn yet sufficient to esta!>llsb an optimum aging practice, such as anoclizlag and/or painting ls recommended
Sheet and plate In the T31 Condition are designated T81 (1)(3),
0.18 Zr 1,0551
2, 0!12 Stress corrosion, Information available to date
after !IDal artificial aging.
0.15 Cd 1.056 Material that la heat treated by the user In which no Indicates that this alloy has goad resistance to stress
cold working la Introduced between quSDChlng and corrosion cracking provided that the alloy Is properly
0.10 v complete aging Is designated T62.
2. 0!13
heat treated and aged,
Preliminary results from a compatibility study indicate
0.06 Ti 1.06 Hardness that 2021 -. T81 base melal plate and welded plate are
1.061 Typical hardness. {Bl1nell, 600 kg load, 10 mm ball) compatible with the Uquld propellant, nitrogen
0 Condition 44 tetroxide (Nz 0 4). In this study, precracked surface-
2021 T81 Condition 137 (1). flaw bend specimens were exposed to the N 204
1.062 Typical mecbolcal properties of sheet and plate as a environment for twenty hours at a presure of 100 pslg
fooctlon of thickness, set' Table 3. 0213, and a temperature of 140F whlle under stress. Surface
flaws were Introduced by a sharp (0. 001 1nch radius)
1.07 Forms and Condit1o1111 Available EDM cutter. Initial flaw size was approximately 0. 060
1.071 Alloy Is available as sheet, plate and forgings, Other by 0. 188 Inch, Sustained stresses of approximately
product forms are under development. 24 to 53 ksl were applled during the testa. Quantitative
results are expected to be available later In this
1,08 Melting and Casting Practice program (see reference 5),

1.09 Special Considerations 2.04 Nuclear Properties

1.091 Alloy 2021 Is a recenU;v developed alloy and some of the
Information presented Ul Ulls chapter la based on 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
rather limited experimentl!.l data. Some revision of
the properties may be expected as more test data on 3,01 Specified Mechanical Properties
prodnctlon Iota become ava.table.
1.092 Dimensional changes of a permanent nature may occur 3,02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
during the thermal treatment of this alloy. Values for 3,021 Tension,
these changes have not been determined by actual 3,0211 Stress-strain curves for plate In tension,
measurement as yet. However, In 2219 aluminum Figure 3, 0211.
alloy, which Is similar in composition to 2021, the 3,0212 Typical tensUe properties for sheet and plate In several
melallul'gl.cal reactions of copper can cause a decrease tempered conditions, Table 3, 0212.
In dimensions during solution beat treatment and TABLE 3 0212
quenchlog and a subsequent reversal of the dimensional
changes upon precipitation during aging at elevated Source (1)
temperatures. AIICl,t 2021 Aluminum Alloy
locl"'.ases In length of 0.10 percent to 0.15 percent have Thlcknoss Up to 1 tnch
been measured for 2219 sheet and plate during artificial
Condition 0 T31 TG2 T81
aging. These dimensional changes and those expected
of 202lue greater than the changes that occur In most Ftu, ksl 24 60 76 73
other alamlnum allovs (1). Fty, ksi 10 40 65 63
1.093 Non-standard aging treatments may reduce the e(2 In), percent 23 20 8 9
stress-corrosion cracking resistance of this alloy (1).
1.094 During fusion welding, toxic fumes are present In the 3.0213 Typical mechaolcal properties of T81 sheet and plato
form of CdO, see section 4, 032. as a function of thickness, Table 3, 0213,
TABLE 3 0213
Source (6)
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMiGAL PROPERTIES Alloy 2021 - T81
Thickness, Inch l/lG l/8 l/4 1/2 1 2 1/2
2.01 Thermal Properties Ftu, ksl L 73.4 72.8 72.9 73.7 74.4 72.1
2.011 Melting range. 997 to ll95F. T 74.4 73.4 74.0 74.1 73.7 68.9
2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is sU-'>ject to precipitation, Fty, kel L 66.0 63,4 65.8 64,7 66.6 62.7
2.0121 Time -temperature -transfo>.>lation diagrams. T 64.3 62 .. 4 65.6 63.6 64.7 61.6
2.0U Thormnl conductivity, Fey, ksl L 66.0 64.0 69.4 66.5 66.2 62,5
0 Condition 99.22 Btu ft :;.or (hr sq ft F)@ 77F T 69,0 67,6 68,2 68.4 68,0 63,8
2.014
T81 Condition 72.6 Btu ft 110r (hr sq ft F)@ 77F (1)
Thermal expansion. T81 Condition.
Feu, kel L
r 43,7
43.7 --47.1 47.:1 47.4 44.7
44.8 45.1 44,7 43.9
68-212F 12.6 x 10-61nch per Inch per F kel
Fbru L 118.7 112.6 112.4 109.4 109.0 99.2
68-302F 12,9 x 10-61nch per Inch perF (1) e/d = 1.5 T 118.3 113.4 114.6 113.4 112.2 103.0
2.015 Specific beat.
2,016 Thermal diffuslvlty. Fbru ksl L 151.4 145.4 144.8 145,0 140.8 133,2
e/d = 2,0 T 151,6 144.6 144.2 144.9 141.1 134.1
2.02 Other Phvslcal Properties
2,021 Density. 0,103 lb per cu In, 2. 85 gr per cu om (1) Fb::y ksl L 98,5 94,3 97,4 96,0 96.6 93.6
2.022 Electrical conductivity, percent lACS, =
e/d 1.5 T 98.2 95.5 100.6 98,0 99.2 91.4
0 Condition 44
T31 Condition 28 Fbry kel L 116.0 113,3 116.4 113.5 114.8 109.3
T62 Condition 32 e/d =2.0 T 116.1 111.8 120.4 114,4 116.5 109.4
T81 Condition 32 (1)
2.023 Magnetic properties. e(2 IN or 4D) L 7.2 10.2 11,9 10,5 8,6 7.0
Alloy Is nonmagnetic. percent T 9,0 9.5 9,5 7.0 5.0 3.8
2.024 Emissivity.
2.026 Damping capacity. Hardness Rb 83 83 84 86 79 ---
\i __ . 3.0214 Effect of room temperature natural aging on tensile 3.025 Torsion and shear.
properties of as-quenched alloy, Figure 3. 0214
3.0215 Minimum design properties for TSl sheet and plate,
3.0251 Typical shear properties of sheet and plate as a AI
function of thickness, see Table 3, 0213.
Table 3. 0215. 3.0252 6 Cu
Minimum design shear properties for T81 sheet and
plate, see Table 3, 0215.
3.026 Bearing. 0.3 Mn
3. 0261 Typical bearing properties of sheet and plate as a
TABLE 3. 0215
function of thickness, see Table 3. 0213,
0.18 Zr
Source 1_ (1) 2.0262 Minimum design bearing properties for T81 sheet and
Allov 2021 - T81 Sheet and Plate plate, see Table 3. !1215,
0.15 Cd
Thickness inch
Basis (h)
0,040-Q.249 o. 250-o. 499 o. 500-1. 000
s s s
3.027
3.0271
Stress concentration.
Notch properties, see 3. 0371.
0.10 v
Ftu, ksl L 66 66 66 3.0272 Fracture toughness. -.0.06Ji
T 67 67 67 KJc = 29.0 Ksi I;;;_
longitudinal
""'-- ...
Fty, ksl L 59 60 60 23. 0 Ksi II in trans verne
T 58 5~ 59 Values were determined from center notch tfo<aton
2021
Fey, ksl L 59 60 60 specimens (0, 250 inch T81 plate) and notch '>end
T 61 62 62 specimens (0,500 and l.~~~,'lnch T81 platei. Values
Feu, ksl 39 39 39 of KJc were based upon loiLCIJ1 u.t five percoot taecant
Fbru. ksl offset corresponding to a cr.&ek gxowth of a.'lout two
e/d = 1.5 102 102 100 percent. It should be noted that these arc &versge
e/d =2.0 131 131 129 values based on limited testing an;! these W<lues may
Fbry, ksl be questionable for o. 250 inch Ts:,, plate (3).
e/d = 1.5 88 88 88
e/d = 2.0 104 104 104
e (2 inch),
percent T 6 5 3 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Varlouo Tempet?.l!!!:!!!.
a) Tentative - values based on limited data , Revision 3.031 Tensiot~.
of minimum values may be made as more test data 3.0311 Stress -sl:ralo diagram,;!.
on production lots are obtained. 3. 0312 .:l,,!iect of test tempel"..-.:ure and e:oq:,~r,, ;-e at t'lmpemt:,re
b) "S" basis (as per Mll-Hdbk-5) are specWed llll tensile properties of T81 plat.! . FI,'Jill'Ei 3,0312.
minimum values as per governing specification and 3. 0313 Tet'.Sile properties o)f aheet and pl!\te .'lt low temper'.:
statistical assurance of the values are not known, atu1:es, Figure 3. 03l:J.
3.032 Compression.
3,033 Impact.
3.034 Bending.
3.0216 Typical room temperature tensile properties of T81 3,035 Torsion and shear.
plate after exposure at elevated temperatures, 3.036 Bearing.
Figure 3. 0216. 3.037 Stress concentration.
3. 0217 Effect of aging time and tempomture on yield strength 3,0371 Notch properties.
of sheet, Figure 3. 0217. 3,03711 Tensile and notch data for T81 shue' at roo~ temper-
3,022 Compression. atures, Figure 3. 03711.
3.0221 Stress-strain curves for T81 plate in compression, 3,03712 ~:;nellA .r.ood notch tensile data !or plate at kW temper-
Figure 3. 0221. .",:::~cl!a, :~1gure 3.03712.
3,0222 Typical compr<~ssive properties of sh<aet and plate as 3.037~ ~r~'lb:te toughness.
a function of thickness, see Table 3. 0213. 3,0;!8 ..,:;:,bined properties,.
3.0223 Minimum design compressive properties for T81
sheet and plate, see Table 3. 0215, 3.04 .':; reep and Creep Rup~ure Properties
3.023 Impact. 3.041 i'!reep and creep tupture properties of TSlplate at
3.024 Bending. ,, 300, 400 and MQF, Table ~.041 ..
3. 0241 Minimum radii for ninety degre'.l cold bends,
Table 3. 0241.

TABLE 3.0241
Source (1)
Alloy 2021 Aluminum Alloy
Radii in terms of thickness, "t" (a)
Temper
TABLE 3.041
1/15 Inch 1/4 inch linch
Source (1)
0 O-l/4t l/4-l/2t ll/2-2t Alloy 202i - 'rst Plate
T81 8- 12t 10- 12t - Teat Time ~:~tress, 1<81, for C!reep .in Time Indicated
Temper- Under 0.1 \ 0.2 0.5 1.0
Based on limited dat!1 from one lot of each
a)
thickness.
ature - Stress peroe...~t pe'<l'.lnt P~.rcent percent Rupture
F (hour) Creep r,;ruep CI"OOP Creep

1
300 0.1
1
44
-
-
43
-
46
-
-
--
10 - - 41 43 45
100 - - -- -- 41
400 1 26 - -
10
100
- -..
-
24,.
-
2:
22 24
- -
25
500 1
10
18
-
20
l6
-
18
-19 19
100 - --' - 15 )5

CODE 3216
 3,042 Creep and rupture curves for T81 sheet at 300 and
AI 500F, Figure 3. 042.

6 Cu 3,05 Fatigue Properties

3,051 Average fatigue Umlts for several types of fatigue test
0.3 Mn procedures, Table 3. 051.
0.18 Zr
0.15 Cd TABLE 3.051

0.10 v Source 3
Alloy 2021 - T81 Sheet and Plate
0.06 Ti Data Fatigue Limit at 5 x 10 cycles
Fatigue Limit, ksl
2021 Type of teat Stress Ratto Smooth Notched
(R) Kt= 1 K t> 12 3.06 Elastic Properties
3.061 Poisson's ratio.
Sheet-flexure -1 19 3.062 Modulus of elasticity.
Rotating-beam -1 17 5,5 3.0621 Modulus of elasticity (tension) at various tempern.turea
Axlal-aheet 0 27 for T81 plate, Figure 3. 0621.
Axial-plate 0 26 8 3.0622 Modulus of elasticity (compression) at various
temperatures for T81 plate, Figure 3. 0622.
r-::oo/' 3.063 Modulus of rigidity.

~
4. FABRICATION
4.01 Formability
4.011 Formability Ia related to temper strength and ductlUty.
r < 0,0005 For recommended mlnimum bend radil, see
Axlal (Notch) Table 3. 0241.
Flexure (0. 063 Inch Shest)
1, 0 Inch Plate
4.02 Maohlntng &nd Grindiog
~00.1"- See 2219 (Code 3205)

s~,~ d+ Rotating beam (Notch) 4.03 ~

1. 0 Inch Plate 4.031 General. Alloy 2021 has excellent weldability and can
be welded by fusion and resistance techniques. Weld
r(0.001 cracking sensitivity 1a very low when 2021 filler or
2!i19 filler wire te used during fusion welding. Direct
fusion welda without addltlon of filler metal can be
made wlth this alloy. Brazing, gas welding and
3.052 Axlalload fatigue curves for smooth specimens of T81 soldering are not considered suitable teclmiquea for
plate at several temperatures, Figure 3. 052. 2021 (1).
3.053 AxlBl load fatigue curves for notched specimens of 4.032 Fusion welding. GMA or GTA welding wlth 2319 filler
T81 plate at several temperatures, Figure 3.053. wlre are recommended for best results. A mixture of
3.054 Rotating beam fatigue curves for smooth and notched 40 (cf hr) of helium and 20 (cf hr) of argon has been
specimens of T81 plate at room temperature, used successfully as a gas ahleld during welding. Welda
Figure 3. 054. 1n plate exceeding 3/16th inch are usually made 1n
3,055 AxlBl stress fatigue curve for sheet at room temJ)er- multiple passes. It should be noted that during welding
ature, Figure 3.055. of 2021, cadmium present 1n the alloy vaporizes and
3.056 Flexural fatigue curves for T81 sheet at room temper- forma toxic cadmlum-oxlda fumes. Severe lung damage
ature, Figure 3. 056. may occur from prolonged breathing of these fumes.
Thus, the welding of 2021 alloy and wlro brushing of
CdO deposits from weldments require reliable exhaust
ventilation (1),
4,033 Full section tensUe properties of welded plate at room
temperature, Table 4. 033

TABLE 4. 033
Source 3
Alloy 2021-T81 Parent Metal; 2319 FUler Metal
Weld r-~~,Asr--W~el~d~ed~a~~~r-~P~o~sTt~w,e~ld~.~~ed~l~:;>~
Thlclmess Method ~ tu ~ ty eu>e.rcen< ~ tu ~ ty e1percen
(Inch) (d) (ksl) (ksl) ~ 10 Inch (l:al) (ksl) !In 10 inch

0.525 MIG 42.4 37.6 1.1 47.4 44.9 0.8

0.5 MIG 41.4 37.8 0.8 43.0 (c) 0.5
1.0 MIG 42.8 36.2 1.2 46.9 46.4 0.8

0,525 TlG 42.8 33.2 1.4 48.3 . 45.5 0.6

1.0 TlG 43.2 38.5 1.1 43.5 (c) 0,7
1
a) Tested after several week. of room temperature aging.
b) Post-weld aged a1325F, 14-16 hour.
c) FaUed before 0,2 percent offset In 10 incbea.
d) Welded parallel to rolling direction of plate. Properties are tra~~~~verae
direction.
 Tensile and DOtch properUea of welded plate at room
temperatu re and at -320F, Table 4. 034.
AI
6 cu
TABLE 4 034 0.3 Mn
Source (3)
Alloy 2021 - T81 Plate; 2319 F1ller Mew_ (a) 0.18 Zr
Test temper
ature, F RooM Temperatu re -320
0.15 Cd
Thtcknesa Weld Post-Weld
(inch) Method Aging
Ftu
(Ksi)
Fty e-percent RA
(Ksi) in4D (peroent)
NSR NSR
(f) (f)
0.10 v
0.06 Ti
0.525 (b) MIG None (d) 39.4 19,1 8.0 16 1.00 0.87
(e) 46.8 29,4 2.9 10 1,03 0.93
0,5 (c) MIG N'lne (d) I 40.2 21.9 7.0 17 - 0,90 2021
1.0 (c) MIG None (d) 38.3 24.2 3.4 12 1.09 1.01
1.0

a)
(c) TIG
(e)
None (d)
(e) I
I
42.1
42.5
46.9
28.6
24.1
31.9
3.0
4.8
4,0
Round reduced tensile teAt specimens , transverse direction,
10
17
12
1,10 1.02
1.05 0.94
1,00 0,94

bj Fabricated In laboratozy .
c) Fabricated in plant.
d) Natural aged for several weeks.
e) Post-weld aged at 325F, 16 hour.
f) Notched roWid specimens , DOtch centered in weld bead,

Kt ~1o NSR ~ Notch stren~

4. 035 Effect of post-weld aging time on tensile properUes of

welded sheet, Figure 4. 035,

4. 04 Heat Treatment

4.05 Surface Treatment

l'>,- ,. 4.051 For resistance tc severe environme nte, anodizing
and/or painting is recommend ed. Sulfuric acid and
chromic acid aDOdized 2021-T81 passes the coating-
weight and corrosion resistance requlremen te of
MIL-A-882 5 speclficatio n.
4.052 The chemical conversion coating and chemical m!ll1ng
characteri stics of solution heat treated and artlflclally 2021- T81
aged 2021 are similar to those of heat treated and aged 1 INCH PLATE
2219 (1).

0 0,004 0.008 0
STRAIN- J:Nr.H PER INCH

FIG. 3. 0211 S'l'RESS-BT RAIN CURVES FOR PLATE IN TENSION (1)

CODE 3216 I
 NUNI"t.KtcUU5 ALLOYS RELEASED: MARCH 1969

80
AI 2021- TBl
6 Cu
60
0.3 Mn
~
0.18 Zr FTU
L----
0.15 Cd i!l 40
~
r.:l
0.10 v ~
0.06 Ti "' 20
FTY
l----
2021
ffi 40
g e
r.:l
ll.
20
0.1 10 1o3 lo4
ROOM TEMPERATURE AGING TIME- HOUR
FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT CF ROOM TEMPERA TURE NATURAL
AGING ON TENSILE PROPERT IES OF AS-
QUENCHED ALLOY (1)

2021
T8l PLATE

~ 40~--~~--~~--~~--~80
I

i:!
~ 20~!:==~~~~~~-i----~60

~
I
o~--~~--~~~~----~40 ~
~

EXPOSURE TIME
e 1/2 HR
.A 100 HR
1000 HR

~ 20 1---- 1---- +--- +----- i 0

f&l
~
f&l
ll. OL.....--..1.....--~~-~--~
0 200 400 600 800

EXPOSURE TEMPER ATURE- F

FIG. 3.0216 TYPICAL ROOM TEMPERATURF.

TENSILE PROPERT IES OF T81
PLATE AFTER EXPOSURE AT
ELEVATE D TEMPERA TURES (1)
RELEASED: MARCH 1969 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

80
2021
0.125 INCH SHEET AI
L350F I\ 325F i'""300F T62CONDITION 6 Cu

v
70
( r--- 1--- 0.3 Mn
[_325~ 0.18 Zr
/: ~-- 1 - - - - 1---- --- 1 - - - - ---
60

/ tr--, ~350F ~e-

--- - - 1---
0.15 Cd
0.10 v
fij .,.. ... ~-----
~
300F
50 0.06Ti

t/1 [.?
I

/,.
!7 / 2021
40 if
~/ ........ - .........
70F or 150F WATER QUENCH
- - - 212FWATERQUENCH
-

30

20
0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72

AGING TIME - HOUR

FIG. 3.0217 EFFECT OF AGING TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON YIELD STRENGTH OF SHEET (3)

80
2021- T81
liNCH PLATE
70
~
~
60 / L
I T

50 I I
1/

~ 40
I I

30 I I
20 I I
10 I COMPRESSION I COMPRESSION _

1/ 1/
0
0 0.004 0.008 0 0.004 0.008 0.012
STRAIN -INCH PER INCH
FIG. 3. 0221 STRESS -STRAIN CURVES FOR T81 PLATE IN COMPRESSION
(1)
 ....
\..
AI
6 Cu
0.3 Mn
0.18 Zr
0.15 Cd
0.10 v
0.06 Ti

2021

100 2021
T81 PLATE

80

80
"' 1'--.
-.......
~~ 100

~
I
~ ~~ 80

20
'----- -----.1---- '< ~ FTY
ill 60

~ ~
"'l ~
I

0 40 ~
EXPOSURE TIME AT
TEMPERATURE ~~ "'
e 1/2 HR 20

~~
A 100 HR
1000 HR

...

- ~ .&-__,j
20

~
e(4 D) ~

0
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

TEMPERATURE - F
FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE AND EXPOSURE AT TEMPER-
ATURE ON TENSO..E PROPERTIES OF T81 PLATE (1)

I CODE 3216
(_ 110
2021- T81 AI
SHEET AND PLATE
6 Cu
100 -~ 120
0.3 Mn

~
T
0.18 Zr
90 100 0.15 Cd
~ FTU
fl L '\6o~
0.10 v
fl ~ ~ I
0.06 Ti

~
80
80 ..

........ iS
~ ~

FTY
I~ !'-.. - ~ 2021
60 ' ra0.0005
"'
---... ..
70
~ EDGE-NOTCH (1/4 IN PLATE)
'7\600/ .
60

50
-400 -300 -200

TEST TEMPERATURE - F
-100 0 100
40

20 00 -400
NOTCH ROUND
-300 -200

TEST TEMPERATURE - F
-100 0 100

FIG, 3.0313 TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SHEET AND PLATE AT LOW FIG. 3. 03712 TENSILE AND NOTCH TENSILE DATA FOR PLATE AT
TEMPERATURES (1) LOW TEMPERATURES (3)

120~----~----~~----~----~------~-----,

2021- T81
0.002-o.125 SHEET

10
2021- T81
0.25 INCH PLATE
80
,...---r-
==-=' 300F
~ -
---- ---
I ! - --
= 60
E-o
0
zlol
!>::
E-o
"' 40
0
1::.
v
0
'""'"'"}
1/8 INCH
1/4 INCH
1 INCH
SMOOTH
500F

~'
r-
---0.2 PERCENT CREEP
....
1/16 INCH } NOTCHED 7 r--RUPTURE
20
1/8 INCH Kt ~ 17

-400 -300 -200 -100

6

0 100 10
II II
100 1000
TIME -HOUR
TEST TEMPERATURE- F

FIG. 3.03711 TENSILE AND NOTCH DATA FOR T81 SHEET AT ROOM FIG. 3.042 CREEP AND RUPTURE CURVES FOR T81
TEMPERATURE AND AT LOW TEMPERATURES (3) SHEET AT 300 and 500F (4)
 100r--------r---
---~--------~---
---~
AI
2021
6 Cu T81C ONDI TJON
0.250 INCH PLAT E
0.3 Mn
0.18 Zr T

0.15 Cd
0.10 v
~
0.06 Ti
~
.1&1
202 1 ~

I 20 AXIAL LOAD FATIGUE

R= 0.1
SMOOTH SPECIMENS !Kt= 1)

0 1'-o"::"3---
----1-:,.------1.L.o~s-------1'-a-::-
6 1; ;., 107
NUMBER OF CYCL ES
FIG. 3.052 AXIA L LOAD FATIG UE CURVES FOrt
::lll.OOTH Sl,'ECIMENS
OF T81 PLAT E AT SEVE RAL TEMF
E!LATUru;:S (4)

100

2021
T81CO NDIT JON
0.250 INCH PLAT E
80

AXIAL LOAD FA TIGUE T

~ R" 0.1
NOTCH SPECIMENS !Kt 3)
~ 60

~''"
1&1
IS
"'::a

! 40 0.062 5

20

ol~o'::'3------~~~o4~----~~~~------~.L.o
~s------~~o7
NUMBER OF CYCL ES
FIG. 3.053 AXIAL LOAD FATIGUE
CURVES FOR NOTCHED
Sl'EC IMEN S OF T81 PLAT E AT SEVE
RAL TEM PER-
ATURES
(4)

CODE 3216
i . ~
-.~/
2021- TBl AI

~
1. 0 INCH PLATE
ROTATING BEAM FATIGUE 6 Cu
~ 30 0.3 Mn

"~OOTH
R=-1
0.18 Zr
~

'
0.~5 Cd
~ 20 !'--. NOTCHED La
r
CI.!O v

I
-.si
~ 0.06 Ti
a&
0 A
L
T

lll ~A\_(YJ/'. "' ........___ 2021

~ 0.480 E3 ~ ~ lA
A lo-
1 r < 0.001"
0
n4 n5
10 10 10n6 10,7
'"'
10
CWLES

FIG. 3.054 ROTA:riNG BEAM FATIGUE CURVES FOR SMOOTH AND NOTCHIW SPECIMENS OF
T81 PLATE AT ROOM TEMPERATIIRE (1)

80

2021- T81
0.125 INCH SHEET

60 AXIAL STRESS
~
I

r:l ~ R=O

~ 40
I"-
~ t--
I 20 ..
'Q-.A
o- ....

0
L
T

CYCLES
FIG. 3.055 AXIAL STRESS FATIGUE CURVE FOR SHEET AT ROOM TEMPERATURE (1)
 13
AI
2021
6 Cu T81CO NDmON
0.250 INCH PLATE
0.3 Mn 12
~
0.18 Zr
0.15 Cd 11
~ ...... ---.~
............
0.10 v ~ ~
~K
0
0.06 Ti 0
0
... 10

~
~
2021 e (STATIC)

TENSION
8 I I

-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300

TEST TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 3,0621 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY (TENSION)

AT VARIOUS TEMPE R-
ATURES FOR T81 PLATE (4)
40~----~--r-----~--r
-----~--~----~~

2021- T81
0. 063 INCH SHEET
FLEXURAL FATIGUE
~ 30
I

e L
o T

0
1~0~4----~---10~5~------1~0~----._~w-----~
~10 8
CYCLE S
FIG. 3,056 FLEXURAL FATIGUE CURVES FOR T81
SHEET AT ROOM
TEMPERATURE (3)

13r--T------~----~----~------
------~----~
2021
T81 CONDITION
0. 250 INCH PLATk:

~~~~~----1-----1----
--~~~~~-1-----1
g
...
0

9L-~----~----~----~----~----~---
-300 -200 -100 0 100
--J
200 300
TEST TEMPE RATUR E- F
FIG. 3.0622 MODULUS OF ELASTB::ITY (COMPR.ESBION) AT VARIOU
S
TEMPERATURES FOR T81 PLATE (ol)

CODE 3216
 rturtrc.nnuu:: ALLUT:S

I I
2021 SHEET AI
TIGWELDED
2319 FILLER WIRE 6 Cu
so
0.3 Mn

50

ld
~

~
~
FTU

~ ~ -- --=:::::::::! 0.18
0.15
0.10
0.06 Ti
Zr
Cd
v

/
FTY
2021
30
( PARENT { 0 WCONDmON

20
METAL
c T81CONDmO N

\
~ ~
e (2 IN)
---;;

0 8 16 24 32 40 48

POST WELD AGING TIME AT 325F -HOUR

FIG. 4.035 EFFECT OF POST-WELD AGING TIME ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF WELDED SHEET

REFERENCES

1. Schultz, R.A., "Alcoa Alwntnum Alloy 2021",

Alcoa Green Letter 210, Aluminum Company of
America (April 1968)
2. Wttzell, W.E., "Fracture Data for Materials at
Cryogento Temperatures ", Report AFML-TR-87 -257,
General Dynamtoa, Convair Dtvtaton, San Diego,
California, Contract AF33 (615)-3779 (November 1967)
3. Westerlund, R. W., Anderson, W. A. and
Hunatoker, H. Y. , ''Development of a High Strength
Alumtoum Altoy, Readily Welct.ble 1o Plate Thtolcneaa,
and Suitable for Appllcation at -423F (-253C)",
Alumtoum Company of America, Ftnal Report on NASA
contract NAS-8-5452 (October 1967)
4, Dee!, 0. L. and Hyler, W. S. , "Eng1oeer1og Data on
Non'ly Developed Structural Material", Battelle
MemoriallnaU tute, Teclm1ca.l Report AFML-TR-57
418 (April 1968)
5. Tltnany, C.F. and Lorenz, P.M., "CompaUbillty of
Tankage Materta.l with Liquid Proplellanta", The
Boeing Company, Aeroapace Group, Pbaae I Progre81
Summary Report, prepared for Alr Force Material
Laboratory, Contract F33 (615) -87..C-1698
(April 1968)
6. COil1'8811, J. w., "Mechanioa.l ProperUea and Fracture
Chanctertauc of X2021-T81an d X'7007 -T6E136
Sheet and Plate", AppeDd1x I tc Refenonce 3.
 n&;.L.J;.M~&;.U \lUI~&;. I;IIU

AUTHOR: J. G. SESSLER

1. GENERAL 1.06 Hardness

This wrought, heat treatable aluminum alloy contains 1.061
zinc, magnesium, and copper as hardeners plus a small
amount of chromium to Improve Its corrosion resist-
ance. ln Condition T6, this alloy exhibits ihe highest 1.062
static room temperature strength of all of the commer-
cially available aluminum alloys. However, It also Is 1.07
highly notch sensitive In this condition, particularly at 1.071
low temperatures. At elevated temperatures, the
properties of 7001 are similar to those of 7075. Gen-
eral corrosion resistance and weathering resistance of
this alloy Is good, especially In the beat treated condi-
tioDJI, but the alloy Is sensitive to stress corrosion 1.08
cracking. A proprietary beat treatment has been de- 1.081
veloped that Is reported to have greaUy Improved
stress corrosion resistance (see section 1.056). 7001
can be formed In the freshly quenched condition but Is
difficult to form In beat treated tempers. Mncblnablllty
Is good In the annealed condition. The alloy can be 1.09
welded by resistance techniques In heat treated condi- 1.091
tions. Fusion welding and brazing of this alloy arc not
recommended.
1.092
1.01 Commercial Designation
7001 Aluminum Alloy.
1.093
1.02 Alternate Dcslgnatlona
HZM-100 (obsolete).
'.
Brinell hardness (500 kg, 10 mm ball) AI
Annealed (Condition 0) 60
T6, 11151 160 (6). 7.4 Zn
Rockwell B scale llnrdness, Condition T6, 95.
3.0 Mg
For:-.. s and Conditions Available
Alloy Is commercially available ns extruded tube, ex- 2.0 Cu
truded shapes, rod, and bar In Conditions 0, T6, 1112,
T6510, and T6511. Alloy can also be made available
0.3 Cr
In the Corm o[ hand forged plate in Condition T75.
Melting and Castln.g Practice 7001 AI
For a detailed discussion of melting und cas~ prac-
tices for aluminum alloy ingots, tho reader Is re-
ferred to Reference 8. (see also ~:hapter Code 3205,
Section 1.081)
SPecial Considerations
overheated material exhibiting eutectic melting or high
temperature oxidized material should not bu used and
cannot be salvaged by reheat treatment.
The plane strain fracture toughness of lhls alloy Is
quito low at room temperaiure and its use In cdtical
applications should be avoided (sec 3. 02721).
This alloy Is highly notch sensitive at low temperatures
In Condition T6 as shown In Figure 3.03711. Although
It appears that no data nrc available, It Is potslble that
the plane strain fracturG toughness of \.'1:,; material is

~ 1.03 Specific~
even lower at cryogenic kmp~taturcs than at room
1.031 Mllltary specification. MIL-A-52242 (7). Rod, bar, temperature.
and shapes; extruded.

1.04 Composition
Table 1.04.
2. PHYSICAL AND CllEl\UCAL PROPERTIES
TABLE 1 04
Source (3)(6) (G)
2.01 Thermal Properties
Percent Percent Melting range, 890-llGOF (G).
2.011
Element Nominal Min Max
\ .. -,. Zinc 7.4 6.8 8.0
2.012 Phase changes. Alloy Is subject to preclp!W.tion
hardening.
Magnesium 3.0 2.6 3.4
2.013 Thermal conductivity. (Condition TG) 70 Btu [t per
Copper 2.1 1.6 2.6
(hr sq Ct F) at room temperature (G).
Chromium 0.30 0.18 0.35
2.014 Therm.U expansion.
Iron - - 0.40
68 to 212F 13.0 x lo-G In per In perF
Silicon - - 0.35
70 to 4lOF 13.4 x lo-6 In per In per F (2).
Manganese - - 0.20
Specific beat.
Titanium -- -- 0.20
2.015
Thermal dlf[uslvity.
Others - 2.016
Ench
Total
-- -- 0.05
0.15
2.02 Other Physical Properties
2.021 Density. O.l02lb per cu In
Aluminum Balance Balance 2.82 gr per cu em (G).
2.022 Electrical properties.
1.05 Heat Treatment 2.0221 Electrical resistivity at G8 F.
1.051 Anneal to Condition 0: Heat to 775F, 2 to 3 hours, air Condition 111 2.16 microhm - ln.
cool. If alloy Is to be stored Cor an extended period o[ 2.0222 Electrical conductivity at G8F.
time be~orc usc, then reheat to 450F, bold 4 hours and 31 percent o[ lACS (equal volume) (G).
air cool before storage (1)(6). 2.023 Magnetic properties. Alloy Is nonmagnetic.
1.052 Solution treat to Condition W: neat to 870F, hold 2 to 2.024 Emissivity.
4 hours depending on size o[ lond, rapid quench In cold 2.025 Damping capacity.
wate~ Is preferred. Quenching In hot water or by atr
blast Is sometimes employed for bulky sections to 2.03 Chemical Properties
minimize quenching stresses (1)(6). 2.031 General. The corrosion resistance and atmospheric
Artlfical age Condition W to Condition 111. Heat to 250F weathering cJsistance of this alloy Is good (similar to
1.053
hold 24 hours, air cool. Designation Is 1112 If heat that o[ 7075 alloy) and Is further Improved with heat
treatment Is performed by the user. treatment and artificial aging. However, the alloy Is
1.054 Stress relief by strootchlng 1 to 3 percent permanent sensitive to stress corrosion cracking In all tempers
set (Cor extruded rod, bar, shapes, and tube) subse- except T75. In Condit! or. 1'75, the alloy Is reported to
quent to solution heat treatment and prior to any pro- be resistant to stress con~~;~~ will not exCollale and
clpltaUon (aging) treatment. Designated as Condition Is ncal'iy Immune to lntergranuJa::- corrosion. It should
W510 If product receives no further straightening aCter be noted, however, that corrosion data [or this alloy Is
stretching. Products receiving minor straightening scarce (3)(17).
arc designated Condition W511. 2.032 Anodic coatings, Inorganic Inhibitors and painting have
1.055 Artificial age Conditions W510 and W511 to Conditions been used to help lniliblt corrosion.
111510 and '!'6511, respectively. Beat to 250F, hold
24 hours, atr cool (G). 2.04 Nuclear Properties
/ 1.056 Solution heat treal. nrrl stabUir.e to Condition T75.
'{._..,,., This treatmCI':t Is a 1)ropri.'tary treatment o[ the
Harvey Aluminum C~mpany. 3. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
 3.01 Spcc!lled 1\l:cchnnical Propertie s
3.02711 Tensile and notch tensile data for pla:" l.a Condition TIG
AI Table 3.02711.
3.02 Mechanica l Pro[!erUc s at Room Tcm[!era< urc
7.4 Zn 3.021 Tension (see also Table 3.02711). TABLE 3 02711
3.0211 Stress-str ain diagrams . So w-ee ffl)
3.0 Mg 3.0212 Alumlnwn Associatio n mechanic al property limits for Alloy 7001 - TI5 Plate 1.000 Inch Thiel< (a){b)
extruded rod, bar, shnpcs, and tube, Tublc 3.0212. Rolling Ftu Fty o(ln 2 In RA Note Tcn.~llc Notch Tensile
2.0 Cu Direction {ksi) {ksl) or 4D) (Percent) Strength (ksi) Strength Rallo
0.3 Cr I Perecnt
TABLE 3 0212 L 81.9 74.8 11.0 - 80.0 0.98
Source
Alloy
(G)
7001 Extruded Rod, Bar, Shapes, and 1\lbc
L
L
81.4
81.8
74.4
72.2
10.2
9.5 17
- 65.0
93.1
o.ao
1.14
7001 AI Thickness Area Ftu- ksl Fty- ksl c- percent L 80.6 70.6 9.5 18 91.3 1.13
Cond!Uon (Inches) (in2) L 80.6 70.6
mlnlmwn 9.5 17 91.4 1.13
Min Max Afin Max (21n or 4D) T 81.8 73.7 8.5 68.9 0.84
0
T6, T62
All All
Up thru 0. 249 All
-
8!!.0 -
42.0 -
82.0
26.0
-
10
5
T
T
81.8
80.8
73.4
71.3
9.2
8.8 H
- 61.6
81.2
0.79
1.00

-- -
(11),";"6510 0.250-0.4 99 All 92.0 84.0 5 T 79.9 69.6 s.o 14 83.6 1.05
ami TG511 0.500-1.9 99 Ali
(b) 2.1100-2.9 99 All
94.0
90.0 -
88.0
84.0
-
-
5
5
T 80.5 70.6 8.8 14 80.7 1.00
(11) Propertie s listed for Condition 1'62 Indicate those
which can be
~:1[f0.500 d~meter
obtained by lhc user when material is properly heat treated. Notch tip radius :s 0.0005
{b) For stress relieved tempers, character istics and propertie ~~16
s
other than those specified may differ somewhat from tho
correspon ding character istics and propertie s of material In Y6o
the
basic tcmncr. (a) All data obtained at room temperatu re.
(b) Each data value represent s average of 2 or 3 tests I rom octe lot
of material.

3.0272 Fracture toughness .

3.02721 General. A considera ble amount of data has been ob-
3.G~13 Typical tensile propertie s, Tnble 3. 0213.
tained relatiug to the plane strnln fracture toughness of
this alloy. Only a small amount of these data arc valid
according to the ASTM E-24 Method of Tests for Plane
T\BLE 3 0213 Strain Fracture Toughness of MctaiiJc Materials , 1969.
Source ' Where the test procedure s did not confonn to tllis
(6)
Alloy 7001 method, the results arc lnbclod "Q and designate d as
Condition 0 T6 Apparent Plane Strnln Fracture Toughnes s. Due to the
T651 TI5
Ftu- ksi 37 98 98 relatively brittle nature of this alloy, It Is likely Umt
84
Fty- ksi 22 91 the "Q values arc very close to valid Klc Plane
91 72
e(2 lnchcs)-p crccnt 14 slraln fracture toughness data Is available only for the
9 9 12
T75 proprieta ry condition of this alloy which Is sup-
* These typical propertie s arc average for posed to have imJJrovod toughness and corrosion re-
various forms, sizes, and methods of
sistance as compared with CondiUcm 1'6. llowcvcr, It
manufactu re.
should be noted that even In Condition TIS, the alloy
has quite low toughness and it should not be employed
for critical applicatio ns.
3.02722 Apparent plano strain fracture toughness of forgings
and extrusion s as determine d with center crack speci-
3.0214 mens, Table 3. 02722.
Tensile propcrUcs of forgings and extruded panels in
Condition TIS, 'lhl>le 3.0214. TABLE 3 02722
Source (11)
Alloy - 7001- TI5
TABLE 3 0214
Source lnltinl Crack
(11) L
KQ
Pop-In Crack Length
Alloy 7001- T75. Material or Width Thickness Load Length to Width
Test Ftu F o (2 In) RA Form T (In) (In) 1000 1bs a (In)
k~l percent percent
Product Ratio ksl'l,/i;;"
Direction ksl Forgings L 2.980 0.183 8.50 0.974 0.33 20.2
Hand Forgings Longitudin al 80.5 70.4 11.0 22.0 L 2.977 0.183 B.OO
Long Trans 1.043 0.35 19.8
79.5 70.6 7.8 15.9 T 3.000 0.180 6.80 0.966 0.32 16.2
Extrusion IJOngltudlnal 64.6 77.0 B. 7 - T 3.000 0,186 6. 70 0.992 0.33 15.7

Transvers e 84.7 '78.1
Each value Is the :lvcragc of from 2 to 5 tests.
9.0 - !Extrusion T 2.990 0.178 6.80 0.999 0.33 16.8
T 2.994 0.166 6.90 0.953 0.32 17.7
L 2.999 0.181 7.40 0.995 0.33 17.8
L 2.990 0.180 7.60 1.003 0.34 18.5
/0.375 diameter

3.022
3.0221
3.023
Compress ion.
Stress-str ain diagrams .
Impact.
Il+
I l
i<f
7.5
I+ I
.I
3.024
3.025
3.026
B<Jndlng.
Torsion and shear.
Bearing.
I
12
A- !'"atir.ue crackod to desired length.
.I
3.027 Stress conccntra Uon. Tests not In accorrlanc c wlt.h ASTM E-24 Method of Test
3. 0271 Notch propertie s. for Plane
Strain Fracture Toulthnes s of Metallic Materials , 1969.

CODE 3218
RELEASED: JUNE 1970 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

3.02723 Apparent plane strain frar.ture toug;mess or forgings 3.02725 Comparison or apparent fracture toughness values
a.ud ex:trusions as determined by slngie edge r.rnck obtained with large plato specimens to those obtained AI
specimens, Table 3. 02723. with laboratory slz.e specimens, Table 3. 02725.
7.4 Zn
TABLE 3.02725
Source 4 3.0 Mg
Alloy 7001-T75 Plate- l 3/Si.neh thick
Test Apparent Fracture Toughness, KQ ksl'\llil (d) 2.0 Cu
Orientation 0.3 Cr
TABLE 3 02723 Specimen Type Lor T Loti IDtn IDtm Average
Source (11) Alcoa (a) L 24.4 23,3 24.5 24.1
Alloy 7001- T75 Alcoa (b) L 25.0 23.9 25.1 24.7
Pop-In Lnb Specimen (c) L 26.7 25.4 29.0 27.2 7001 AI
~
L Crack
Material or Width Thickness Length Load Alcoa (a) T 22.8 22.6 21.3 22.2
Form T (In) (In) a (In) a/W 1000 lbs) ksi;/Th Alcoa (b) T 23.3 23;1 21.8 22.7
Forgings L 2.02 0.246 0.676 0.335 3.70 20.6 Lnb Specimen (c) T 25.4 23.1 24.8 24.4
L 2.02 0.251 0.642 0.318 4.15 21.2 (a) Large semi-lnfinito center notched plato specimens, 64 Inches
Extruslo~ L 2.015 0.182 0.648 0.321 3.00 21.4 long by 20 Inches wide by 1 Inch thlck(l5). Plastic zone correction
L 2.015 0.181 0,663 0.329 2.48 18.4 applied.
T 2.017 0.180 0.670 0.332 2.65 20.0 (b) Same as (a) except data is corrected from lrwln l.nllgent form to
Forman and Kobayashi, Isidn a.ud Mendelson. Plastic zono

I 6 I correction applied.
(c) For geometry of laboratory specimen, see 'fllble 3.0274. No

I+ +I
plastic zone correction applied.
(d) !Dad values were determined by the secant method.
_[a
0.125~
3. 02726 Average Klc values for baud forgings as determined by
I 8 J various specimen types, Table 3.02726.
I I
Fatigue cracked to desired I ength.
Tests not In accordance with ASTM E-24 Method or Test for Source
Plane Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials, 1969. Alloy 7001-T75 1

Data

RW 20.9 20.0
WR 16.0
WT
m 16.4
TW 22.1
(a) Average of from 1 to 8 tests.

3.02724 Apparent plane strain fracture toughnesR values as

determined from slow bend tests 011 laboratory size
specimens, Table 3.02724. (b)

w __ ..______.,
TABLE 3 02724
!Source (14) First I ctter indicates dircc tiun normal to crack surface
oy 7001 - T75 Plate - 1 3/8 Inch thick and second letter direction of crack propagation.
Test Slow Bend Test Fracture Toughness a)(b)
(c) F a 70 ksl
Material Orientation Fty Apparent Fracture
lDt Number L or T ksl Toughness- KQ ksi.!i'it
I L 72.2 26.66
n L 70.6 25.36
m L 70.6 29.60
3.02727 Plane strain fracture toughness values for T75 plato,
I T 71.3 25.42
n T 69.6 23.06 Table 3. 02727.
m T 70.6 24.82 TABLE 3 02727
11) Slow bend tests of fatigue cracked specime? ~urce I (16)
15
1-- I/2--~k . !AllOY 7001-T75 Plate
Plano Strnin Fracture Toughness, Krc 1<81-\/ln (a)

11 ~) ~~ =t~FaUguc I WR (b)

w
RW (b)
No. of lDts Min Max Avg No. o Lots Min MIIX Avg
r--W. ,_ ..._ , I 110 1---l Crack
3 23.2 25.4 25 3 19.8 22.4 21
/' '\ B-0.4 (11) K1c according to ASTM E-24 Proposed Methud or Test lor
f4 aclw~o.3 Plane strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials, 1909.

\T 11
(b) Soc Table 3 .027ZG for definiUona of crack orientation.

-.-
o.15
'- O.OOOR (maximum)
(b) Each value Is tho average or 3 or 4 teats.
3,028 Combined properties.
...------ .3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatur es 4.03 Welding
AI 3.031 Tension. 4.031 General. The alloy does not have good fusion welda-
3.0311 Stress-strai n diagrams. billty and fusion welding of 7001 is not normally recom-
7.4 Zn 3.0312 Effect or test temperature on tensile properties or T6 mended. The alloy Is also difficult to weld In the an-
extruded bar, Figure 3. 0312. nealed condition by resistance techniques. Resistance
3.0 Mg 3.0313 Effect or lest temperature on tensile properties or bar welding of heat treated tempers can be successfully
In Condition T6, Figure 3.0313.
2.0 Cu 3.032 Compressio n.
accomplishe d If special practices arc employed. Braz-
Ing, gru3 welding, or soldering are not recommende d.
3.0321 Strcss-strnl n diagrllllls.
0.3 Cr 3.033 Impact.
Heat Treatment
3.034 Bending.
3.035 Torsion nnd shear.
4.05 Surface Treatment
7001 AI 3.036 Bearing.
4.051 General. Surfaces may be protected by anodic cllatlngs,
3.037 Stress concentratio n.
chemical finishes, elcctroplntin g, painting or other
3.0371 Notch properties.
surface treatments that arc commonly used for alumi-
3.03711 Effect of test temperature on sharp notch strength of
num alloys.
extruded bar, Figure 3.03711.
3.0372 Fracture toughness.
3.038 Combined properties.

3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties

3.041 Larson-Mil ler Parameter creep curve for bar in
Condition T6, Table 3. 041.
TABLE 3 041
Source 5
Alloy 7001- T6 Dar
Time Larson-Mill er
Temp Ftu Fty e Hours Parameter (a)
F (ksl) (ksl) (percent) (b) T(20+1og t) X 10- 3
80 90.5 93.0 10 0.01 P.7
200 88.0 85.0 17 0.01 11.9
250 82.0 80.0 17 0.01 12.8
300 73.5 70.0 18 0.01 13.7
(a) T - temperature , degrees Rankine
t = time, hours
(b) Time assumed for 0.2 percent offset yield strength
determinatio n. Parameter data presented Is for
0. 2 percent plastic creep strain.

3.05 Fatigue Properties

3.051 8-N fatigue curve for extruded bar In Condition T6 at
room temperature . Stress ratio R = -1, Figure 3.051.
3.052 Fatigue limit based on 500 million cycles using R. R.
Moore rotating beam machine.
Condition '1'651 22.0 ksl
Conditl.on T6 22.0 ksl (3)(6). 120

3.06 Elastic Properties

3.061 Poisson'~ ratio.
3.062 Modulus of elasticity, E. 100
Condition 0 10.3 ksl x 103
Condition T6 10. 3 ksl x 103
Condition T651 10.3 ksl x 103 (6).
3.063 Modulus. of rigidity, G. 80
Condition 0 3.87 ksi x 103 80
Condition T6 3. 87 ksi x 103
Condition T651 3.87 ksi x 103 (4).
s;
:.:: 60
60
4. FABRICATION

4.01 Formability
4.011 General. 1n Condition T6, tho alloy Is di!Cicult to form
40 40 ""
(J
0
by cold working because of Its high tensile yield
strength. Formability Is dlrccUy related to temper
eill.
strength and ductility. As with tho 7075 alloy, 7001 is
usually formed In the annealed or freshly quenched 20 20
condition and then heat treated subsequent to tho form-
Ing operation. Because of Its high strength, a greater
allowance for "sprlngback " Is required. Rubber form-
ing or stretching Is usually conducted at 250-450F (2). ~4~00______.2~0-0_____0~--2-0~0---4~0-0--6~00
TEST TEMPERA TIJR E - F
4.02 Machining and Grinding
4.021 This alloy bas good machinabilit y In ail conventiona l FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
machining operations. Machining Is best accomplishe d
TENSILE PROPERTIE S OF T6 EXTilUDED
In tho annealed condition.
BAR. (10)

CODE 3218
@ 1970, Belfour Stulen, Inc.
PAGE 4
 1
I

---
7001- T6
BAR
120 1

~ FTU

~
...._ ~
BO
r---. t ' - FTY

~
20 40
r--
/
L.---- e(2 INCHES)

0
50 100 150 200 250 300
TEST TEMPERATURE - F

FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON

TENSILE PROPERTIES OF BAR lN
CONDITION T6. (5)

~ 40

20 1----+-- -

Kt=9.5

-400 - 200 0 200 400 600

TEST TEMPERATURE - F
( ... . FIG. 3.03711 EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON
\.~,. ....' SHARP NOTCH STRENGTH OF EXTRUDED
BAR. (10)

(!;? 1970, Belfour Stolen, Inc. CODE 3218

 65
AI

"
7001 - T6
60 EXTRUDED BAR
7.4 Zn [U~ SMOOTH FATIGUE SPECIMEN
3.0 Mg 55
1.5 INCH DIAMETER

2.0 Cu
0.3 Cr 50 ~ - ---

""
R = -1 (AXIAL l-OAD)
7001 AI ~45
I

~40 ~ n

~
Cll I~ 0 SPECIMEN FAILED
e SPECIMEN DID NOT FAIL

'-......_----
35

30
0
00
~-
0
25

I I JI J I I I I I III
CYCLES TO FAILURE

FIG. 3.051 B-N FATIGUE CURVE FOR EXTRUDED BAR IN CONDITION T6 AT ROOM TEMPERATURE.
STRESS RATIO R =-1.
REFERENCES
1. "Standards for Alwninum Mill Products," 8tb edition,
The Aluminum Association (September 1965).
2. Alloy Digest, "Aluminum 7001," Filing code: Al-22,
Engineering Alloys Digest, Inc. (January 1955).
3. "Aluminum- Properties, Physical Metallurgy and Phase
Diagrams," VolumP I {Edited by K. R. VanHorn)
Amcrlcnn Society for Metals (1967).
4. Tbe Aluminum Data Book, Reynolds Metals Company
(1965).
5. Campbell, J. E., "Compllatlon of Tensile Properties
of High Strength Alloys," DMIC Memorandum 150,
Battelle Memorial Institute {April 1962).
G. "Aluminum Standards and Data, 1968-69," 1st edition,
The Aluminum Association (April 1968 ).
7. Military Specification; 7001 extruded rod, bar, and
shapes, MIL-A-52242.
8. "Aluminum--Fab rication and Finishing," Volume m,
(Edited by K. R. VanHorn) American Society for Metals
(1967).
9. Kaufmnn, J. G., and 'Holt, Marshall, "Fracture
Characteristics of Aluminum Alloys," Alcoa Research
Laboratories, Technical Paper No. 18, Aluminum
Company of Amorlca (1965).
10. Iannelli, A. A. , nnd Rlzzltano, F. J., "Notched
Properties of High Strength Alloys at Various Load
Rates and Temperatures," AMRA- TR - 66 - 13,
Technical Report, U. s. Army Materials Research
Agency (July 1966).
11. Davis, S. 0., 1\tppcr, N. G., and Niemi, R. M.,
"Plane Strain Fracture Toughness Properties of Three
Aluminum Alloys as a Function of Specimen Geometry, 11
AFML-TR-65-15 0 (July 1965).
12. Davis, s. 0., 1\tppcr, N. G., and Niemi, R. M.,
"Effect of Specimen 'IYJ>o and Crack Orientation on
Fracture Toughness," AFML-TR-67-38 (March 1967).
13. Kje1by, A. s., ''Determination of tbo Fatlf"'O Proper-
tics of Harvey 7001-TG Aluminum Alloy," Mctcut
Research Associates, Air Force Contract AF 33(616)-
3298 (December 1956).
14. Jones, R. E., "Comparison of F'racturc Toughness
Values Obtained Using Semi-Infinite Aluminum Plates
With Values Obtained Using Laboratory Size Specimens;
University of Daytan Research Institute, AFML-TR-
69-58 (April 1969).
(13)
15. Kaufmnn, J. G., Nordmark, G. E., and I:.ifka, B. W.,
"Fracture Toughness, Fatigue and Corrosion Charac-
teristics of 2020- 1'651, 2024- 1'851, nnd 7001- T75
Alumlnwn Alloys," Alcoa, AFML-TR-66-21 9
(September 1966).
16. Kaufman, J. G., Moore, R. L., nnd Shilling, P. E.,
"Fracture Thughncss of Structural Alumlnwn Alloys,"
Alcoa, Paper prepared for 1969 ASM Materials
Engineering Congress (October 1969).
17. Evans, R. M., and Maykutb, D. J., "Wcldabillty of
fllgh Strength Aluminum Alloys," DMIC Memorandum
216, Battelle Memoriallnstitut e (August 22, 1966).
ADDITIONAL BIDLIOGRAPIIY
1. Shober, F. R. , "The Effect of Nuclear lladiatlon on
Structural Metals," DMIC Report 166 (September 15,
1961).
2. Autes, H. W., "Strength and Ductility of 7000 Series
Wrought Aluminum Alloys As Affected by Ingot
Structure," Report R-1835, Pittman-Dunn Research
Laboratory, Frankford Arsenal (February 1967).
3. Degnan, W. G. , ct. al., "Fatigue Crack Propagation
In Aircraft Materials, " United Aircraft Corporation
(March 1966).
4. Fccldersen, C. E., and Hyler, W. S., "Compilation of
Fracture Data For Aluminum Alloys," DMIC Technical
Note (November 1965).
5. Jackson, J. D., and Boyd, W. K., "Stress Corrosion
Cracking of Aluminum Alloys, " DMIC Memorandum
202 (February 1965).
6. Kaufman, J. G., "Notch Toughness of Some Aluminum
Alloys by Proposed ASTM Recommended Practice, "
paper presented at ASTM Annual Meeting In Lafayctlc,
Indiana (Juno 1965).
7. Stress-Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility Study on
M72 LAW, ITT Research Institute, Technology
Center, Inlcrim Report B6076-2 (Juno 1967).

CODE 3218
e 1970, Balfour Stulcn, lne.
PAGE 6
 I. GENERAL
1.035 SAE Handbook specificatio ns. AA5052
Aluminum 505Z Is a nonheat treatable ''stralnhanl enlng"'
type aluminum alloy The various tempers are produced AI
A
Composition
by cold working. As the hardness of the temper lncrea
Table 1.04.
ses, the alloy exhibits Increasing strength along with 2.5 Mg
decreasing elongation. The fatigue endurance limit Is TABLE I 04
higher than that of most wrought aluminum alloys.
(I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 0.25 Cr
It combines good workability with good fatigue strength
and corrosion resistance, (8).
Source cil cs> (13) (12)
.,,,;cr entu . Per cnt 5052
1.01 Commercia l Designation C:ro1niun. 0. iS 0.35 0.15
505Z, Alloy 5052, 5052 Aluminum 0.35
Copper
Iron
- 0.10 0.10
I. 02 Alternate Designation 0.45 0.45
Magnesium 2.2 2. 8 2.2 2. 8
AA505Z (SAE) Manganese
Alwnlnum 525 (obsolete) 0.10 0.10
Silicon 0.45 0.45
GR20A (obsolete) Zinc
SAE 201 (obsolete) 0.10 0.20
Other lmpuriticz;,
1. OJ Speciticatlo ns each 0.05 0.05
1.031 AMS specillcatlo ns, Table 1.031. Other impurities,
Aluminu~oral Balanc9 15
TABLE 1 031 Balance0 15
AMS Form Condition
4UISE 1.05 Heat Treatment
]Sheer, plurc 0
4111hE 1.051 Anneal to 0 Condition. 650F, time in furnace need not
Sheet, plate H32
4017E be longer than Is necessary to bring all parts of the
Sheet, phnc H34
4!1h9 uhin~ (seamless, drawn)
load to the annealing temperature . Cooling rate is
0 unimportant , (8).
4!1711F r-uhing: (seamless, drawn, round) 0
4071F 1.05Z Age. Alloy Is not hardenable by any thermal treatment.
lruhlng (hyllraulic, seamless, drawn,
1.053 Recrystalliz ation temperature after 50 percent cold
round) 0
41148 Bar, (rolled) reduction Is SSOF, (8).
F
1.06 Hardness
1.061 The alloy can be hardened only by cold work, Table_I.061 .
1. 03Z Military specilicatio ns.
Army 57-187-3
Navy 44T32, 47All, 46All
British DTD 440, (B).
1.033 ASTM specificatio ns, Table 1.033.

TABLE I 033
ASTM Strain hnrdened and
Form Condition stabilized
11~119(>3 Sheer, plate 1132, !134, H36, fl38, .ill'
U211Jh3 Tuht:,dr.:~wn H32, H34, 1136, H38
11234-63 for :ondcnscrs etc. H32. f:134 1.062
,uo; .oJ Effect of percent reduction on hardness of alloy, Fig. I. 062.
coilt.ad Iuhcs 0
11211 63 Bar, rod, wire, shaPPS H32, H34, (a), 1!36 1.07 Forms and Conditions Available
(toll<'tl or drawn) H38(a), F 1.071 Alloy Is available In the full commercial range of sizes
ll221h3 Bar, rod, shapes, tuhcs for sheet, plate, bar, rod, wire, drawn tubing and pipe.
(extruded) O,F 1.072 Conditions avilable, Table 1.072.
11313-h3 Tuhc (round, wchk-d) li32 or H22, H34 orfl24
H36 or fi26, H38 or TABLE I 072
H:t.q, 0 Source (13)
B3I6oJ Rivet wire O,H.l2 Allov Al-2. 5M 0. 25Cr
834563 Pipe (extruded or drawn) O,H34 form Conditions
') Wire only Sheet 0, H32 or lil2,1i34 or H24, HJb or H2b, HJ8 or
H2S
1. 034 Federal spccilicotlo ns, Table 1.034. PlatL- 0, H32 or H22, H34 or HZ4, HI12, F
TABLE I U34 Bar. rod. wire 0, H32 or H22, H34 or H24, H36 or H26, H38 or
f'c.."'lcrtll Form cn..tutnns H28, H39 or H29, F
QQAIlllllS /7 1\Jr, roJ, w1rc, shapes o. H32. 113~. mc.. H3a Dn.1m tube O,HJZ or H22, H34 or H20\ Hlb or H21\ ll38 or H28, F
(a) (rolled. drawn or F 1. 08 Melting and Casting Practice
cold flmshed)
QQA315b Bar, rod, wire (h) 0
Wire 1. 09 Spec uti Considerati ons
(b) 1132, H34, H3b, H38
Rod. 1'1r (h) F
QQA OU250a/8a Sheet. plate 2. PHYSICAL I! NO CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
0, HZ2, fW, lllh, 1128
() 1132, H34, HJ6, H38 2.01 Thelmal Properties
Hill, F 2.0Ii
QQAJlftc 2 Shel"t, plate Melling runge. 1125 to 1200F, Conditions 0 and HJB,
0, H32 or H22. H3~or (13).
H24, fi36 or H26, HJR 2.012 Phase changes. None.
or H28, F, Hll2 2.0121
QQA4301 Rivet wire Ttmelempe rature-tran sformatlon diagrams
0. H32 2.013 Thermal conductivity .
\\ W T007ll0/4a Tuhc (seamless,dnawn~ O. H3.2, H34, H36, H38
(il) At RT, Conditions 0, H38: 79.86 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F),
F (8)(13).
W\\ T7R7h Tuhe (seamless, drawn) 0, H:t2. H34, H36, H38
2.014 Thermal expansion, Fig. 2.0!4.
(l r.;,wy ships
lr-
-
(h) Roll<'<!, dra"n or cold finished
2.015 Specillc heat.
At RT to 212F: O. 23 Btu per (lb F).

CODE 3301
PAGE
 2.016 Therm ul diUus ivity
AI 3.0ll 3 AMS specif ied elong ation for sheet
2.02 Other Physi cal Prope rties H34, Table 3. 0113. and plate In Condition
2.5 Mg 2.021 Densi ty.
Conditions 0, H38; 0. 097 lb per cu
0.25 Cr in, 2. 68 gr per cu
em, (8)(13).
2.022 mect rlcd prope rties.
mectr lcal resist ivity. At RT; 1.65 TABLE 3.011 3
505 2 2.023 Magn etic prope rties. Nonmagneti
micro hm-In
(Source
2.024 c.
2.025
Emiss ivity
Damping capac ity
Anov AMS 3
Al-2. SMll-0. 25Cr
Form
ShP..r .- nlatP
Condition
2.03 Chem icsl Prope rties _H34
Nominal thlckn< - In
2.031 The corro sion resist ance of this alloy Pl2 In or 4Dl. --~'""'
is hlgh to 0.009 to 0.019
atmos phere and salt water In Condi >0. 019 to 0. 050 3
tion 0, H32, H3f,
H36, H38, (8)(13). When expos ed >0.0~0 to 0.113 4
to salt water It re-
tsina Its mech anicsl prope rties. >0. 113 to 0. 249 6
>0. 249 to 1. 000 7
2. 04 Nucle ar Prope rties 10

3. MECfMNICAL PROPERTli!S

3.01 ~;ed Mech anical Prope

rties
3.0ll AMS specif ied mech anica l prope rties
for variou s
pro.lur.ts, Table 3. Oll.

Sourc e TABLE 3 011

(I 2)
Alloy 3
-2 ~u~.n ,.,. _ill
Forn1
Tubing, seam less, drawn
lrn""l lnn
0
Sheet nlate
H32
. I round I hvdra ullc
H34
Thick ness In 2 0.006 to

Ftu mln-k sl
s 3.000
25
I .;: 0.017 to
s 2.000 I .;: 0.009 to
~ 1.000
0

max-k sl 31
31
38
34 . . 26
Fty mlnk sl . . .
41 35 35
max-k sl . . . . 35
. 10
.-
e"(21n) min-p ercen t 20
. . 20
1 .,,~fr~~r~!::~n .. .
. . lg
.
.
Speci mens shall confo rm to AS1M .
E8 and be taken parall el to the direct
ion of rollin g
3.01l l AMS specif ied elongation for sheet
and plate In Condition 3.0!2
0, Table 3. 0111. Deslgn mecha nical prope rties, Table
3. 012.
TABLE 3. OJ II
c;,...,rr ..
AM~ II
IAIIov
Al-2. SM110. 25Cr
ll'n>n
Sheet, plare
Condition
Nominal thickn ess In 0
~ Jn or 40. min .. Pt.rcent TABLE 3 012
0. 006 to 0. 007 Source
>0. 007 to 0.019 - Alloy
MlLHOBK5 5
AI2. 5Ma 0.25C r
>0.01 9 to 0.031 IS Forna
18 Sheer
>0.03 1 to 0.249 CondiUon 0
20 H32 H34 H36
>0. 249 to 3.000 Thick ness In H36_
0.017 - 0.009 - 0.008 .
18 0.008 -
0.249 0.249 0.162
ftu ksl L 28 0.128
3.0ll 2 AMS specif ied elong ation for sheet 31 34 37
and plate In Condition ksl T 39
H32, Table 3. Oll2. 31 34 37
Fry. ksl L 13 39
21 24 29
ksl T 33
20" 23 29
TABLE 3.011 2 Fey ksl L 33
-
.-
20 23
!Snur~P ksl T
AM~ Fsu- tsl
21 24 .
~llnv 18 19 20 22
A 2. SMu-0. 25Cr F , ksl 23
Form
Condition
Sheet, nlate e'7o. 1.5) 50 54
U12 (e/0 2.0) 59 61
Nominal thickn ess In e(2 In or 40), min-percent 65 71 78
Fbry 82
0.017 to 0.019 (e/0 1,5)
>0.01 9 to 0. 050 4 29 34
5 (e/0 2.0) 41 46
>0. 050 to 0. 113 34 38 46
7 53
>0. 113 to 0. 249
>0. 249 to 0. 499 9
>0. 499 to 2. 000 11
12

CODE 3301
PAGE 2
 MARCH 1965
NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWN

I
3.0121 Design elongation values for sheet In Conditions H32,
\. H34, H36 and H38, Table 3. 0121. 3.0215
perature, Fig. 3. 0214.
Typical tensile properties at room temperature, Table
3.0215. AI
TABLE3 0121
Source MlLHDBK 5 15}
TABLE3 0215 2.5 Mg
Alloy Al-2. 5MgO. 25Cr
I SOurce
Form Sheet Alloy
(18
Al2.5ik-o ~
0.25Cr
ll:olldltlon Thickness In e- percen Form Not given
H32 0.017 to0.019 4 Condition AM 0 H34
0. 020 to 0. 050 5 Thickness In Not lllven
H3_a_ 5052
0. 051 to 0.113 7 Ftu, -ksl 28 38 42
0.114 to 0. 249 9
H34 Fty ksl 13 31 37
o.oo8 to o.Ol9 3
FSU' -ksi 18 21 24
0. 020 to 0. 1J50 4 e(2 In) percent(a
0. 051 to 0. 113 25,30 10,14 7, 8
6 Hardness BHW
0.114 to 0. 249 47 68 77
7
H36 0.008 to 0.031 3 500 Kg load, 10 mm ball
0. 032 to 0. 162 4 (a) Values given for 0. 063 In sheet and 0. 5 In bar, In that order
H3~. o.oo8 to 0.031 3
0. 032 to 0. 128 4
3.0216 Effect of exposur" to elevated temperature on tensile
3.013 Producer's mechanical property limits for sheet, plate, propenies of alloy In HJ4 Condition, Fig. 3. 0216.
3.0217 Effect of exposure to elevated temperature on tensile
bar, :rod, wire and tube, Table 3.013.
properties of alloy In H38 Condition, Fig. 3.0217.
TABLE 3 013
'!tOurce
Alcoa
Allov
Fnrm
""
AJ2. 5M 0. 25Cr
Sheet elate Wire rod and bar
Condition 0 H32' H34' H36' H38 H112 0 H32 H34 H36 H38 H39 0 H32 H34 H36 H~A F_
Thickness-In
0.00~10.':1 0:~~-00~10.006!10.25
3. 000 2. I. 0.162 0.128 3.00 All
1up to
1
F6
to 1,up to~~~ up to ~~p to
0.374 0.3133 0.250 0. 204 o: 145 All
Ftu mlnksl
maxksl
25
31
31
38
34
41
37
44
39 26.5
--32 -
31 - -
34 37
-
39 40 - 31 34 37 39
Fry. mlnksl - - - -
35
- - . .
.-
maxksl .. . . . . .
For the correspondin g H2 temper, maximum ultimate tensile values do not apply

3.0131 Producer's elongation value limits for sheet and plate In 3.0218 Typical tensile properties and hardness for sheet and
various Conditions, Table 3. 0131. bar, Table 3. 0218.
TABLE 3 0218
TABLE 3 0131
l~n""~ 10\
I Source 13 Allov Al-2.5Ma0.2 5Cr
'llnv A -2 5MilO. 25Cr Form Sheet and har
Form hPPf. nlnre Condition 0 H32 H34 H36 H38
Condition Thickness - In e{2 In) mIn- percent Ftu ksl 28 33 38
0 0.008 to 0.019 40 42
15 Fry. ksl 13 28
0.020 to 0.031 31 35 37
18 Fsu ksl 18 20
0. 032 to 0. 249 21 23 24
20
o. 250 to 3. 000 Fbru' ksl 69 80 84 88
18 e(2 In) .. percent
H32 0. 017 to 0. 019 4 Sheet, 1/16 In 25 12 10 8 7
0. 020 to 0. 050 5 Round. I /2 In dla 30 18 14 10 8
0. 051 to 0.113 7 Hardness, BHN 45 62 67 74 85
0.114 to 0. 249 9
0. 250 to 0. 499 Sheet
11
0. 500 to 2. 000 12
H34 0.009 to 0.019 3
0. 020 to 0. 050 4 3. 0219 Effect of percent reduction on tensile propenles of alloy,
0. 051 to 0. 113 6 Fig. 3.0219.
0.114 to 0. 249 7 3.022 Compression
0.250 to 1.000 10 3.0221 Stress-strain diagrams
H36 o.oo8 to o.031 3 3.023 Impact
0.032 to 0.162 4 3.024 Bending. See 4.013.
H38 0.008 to 0.031 3 3.025 Torsion and shear. See Tables 3.0J2,3.0215 ,and 3,02!8.
0.032 to 0.128 4 3.0251 Effect of percent reduction on shear strength of alloy,
H112 0. 250 to 0. 499 7 Fig. 3. 0251.
0. 500 to 2. 000 12 3.026 Bearing. See Table 3. 012, and Tabl<: 3. 0218.
2.001 to 3.000 16 3.027 Stress colk!entratlon
3.0271 Notch propenles
3.02 Mechanical Propenles at Room Temperature 3.0272 Fracture toughness
3.021 Tension, see also 3.01. 3.028 Combined propenles
3.0211 Stress-strain diagrams
3.0212 Effect of exposure time and temperature on tensile 3.03 Mechanical Properties at Varloua Temperature s
properties tested at room temperature, Fig. 3. 0212. : 1 ;j,,Q3l Tension
3.0213 Hffe:t of eitposure tim., and temperature en tensUe 3.0311 Stress-strain diagram~
propenles of rod In Condition H34 tested at room tern- 3.0312 Effect al room and elevated temperature on tensile
perature, Fig. 3.07.i3. propenles of alloy at various tempera, Fig. 3.0312.
3.0214 Effect of exposure tlnje and :emperature on tensile 3,11313 Effect of low and elevated temperature on tensile
propenles of rod In Condltic:. H38 tested at room tern- propenles of bar In Condition 0 and H36, Fig. 3. 0313.

CODE 3301
PAGE :5
 3.0314 Effect of low and elevated temperature on tensile 3.053 Effect of test temperature on fatigue strength of alloy ,. J,
AI properties of alloy for various tempers, Fig. 3,0314. in Condition 0, Fig. 3. 053. :........ /
3,0315 Effect of low and room temperature on longitudinal 3,054 Rotating beam fatigue strength for various conditions,
2.5 Mg and transverse tensile properties of sheet, Fig. 3. 0315. Table 3. 054.
3.0316 Effect of low and room temperature on longitudinal
0.25 Cr and transverse tensile properties of sheet, Fig. 3,0316.
.
TABLE 3 0"4
~
3.0317 Effect nf exposure time and temperature
3,03171 I Snurc" 14
Effect of e.tposure time and temperature on tensile
Temp Stress Fatigue strength ksl
5052 properties of rod in Condition 0, Fig. 3.0371. _Cnndltlnn F IM.rhnri Ratio at cvcles
3.03172 Effect of exposure time and temperature on tensile A R 1 roS ll)6 rn7 rn8 ~.rn8
properties of rod in Condition H34, Fig. 3.03172. 0 RT Rot beam
3.03173
00 I 23.5 19. 17.5 16.5 16
Effect of exposure time and temperature on tensile H34 00 I 26 20. 19 !18 18
properties of rod in Condition H38, Fig. 3,03173. H38
3.03174
00 I 29.5 24 22.55 21 20
Effect of exposure time, low and elevated temperature
on tensile properties of alloy In Condition H32, Fig.
3.03174.
3,032 Compression
3.0321 3.06 Elastic Properties
Stress-strain diagrams
3.033 3.061 Poisson's ratio
Impact
3,034 3.062 Modulus of elasticity at low temperature, Fig. 3. 062.
Bending, see Fig. 4, 013.
3.035 3.0621 Modulus of elasticity at low and elevated temperatures in
Torsion and shear. See also 3.025.
3,036 Bearing. See also 3. 026, tension and compression, Fig. 3,0621.
3.037 3.0622 Modulus of elasticity in compression. 10, 200 ksi, (8),
Stress concentration
3.0371 3.0623 Modulus of elasticity In shear. 3, 850 ksi, (8).
Notch properties
3.03711 3.063 Modulus of rigidity
Effect of low and room temperature on notch strength
of sheet, Fig. 3,03711.
3.03712 4. FABRICATION
Elfect of low and room temperature on transverse and
longitudinal notch tensile properties of sheet, Fig. 3.03712.
3.03713 4.01 Formability
Effect of low and room temperature on notch strength
4.011 General. The alloy Is compatible In the production of
ratio of sheet, Fig. 3,03713.
3.03714 Effect of low temperature on notch strength, and notch drawn shapes, blanked and pierced parts. More frequent
strength ratio of sheet, Fig. 3.03714. reannealing is required If the alloy Is spun because of
3.03715 Effect of low and room temperature on notch strength, its rapid rate of strain hardening. The maximum re
notch strength ratio and fracture toughness of sheet, duction is equal to or less than SO percent between
Fig. 3. 03715. anneals depending on the product, (8~
4.012 Hot working range. 950 to SOOF, (8).
3.0372 Fracture toughness. See 3. 03715.
4.013 Minimum bend factor for various thicknesses, Fig, 4. 013.
3.038 Combined properties
4.014 Approximate bend radii for 90 degrees cold bend, Table
3,04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties 4.014.
3.041 Creep and creep rupture curves for alloy in Condition 0,
Fig. 3,041. TABLE 4 014
3.042 Creep and creep rupture curves for alloy in Condition Source (13)(8)
H32, at 300 and SOOF, Fig. 3. 042. Allgy~ Al2,5Mu0.25Cr
3,043 Creep and creep rupture curves for alloy Jn Condition f:2!:m.. Sheet,~
H32, at 212, 400 and 500F, Fig. 3.043. l.Cam1J.U.an. 0 H32 H34 H36 H38
3.044 Creep rupture curves at 90, 212, 360, 400 and 600F Thlckncs In RH~l 0 (n , thlcl:n .., .. ( 90" bend)
for sheet and rod in various conditions, Fig. 3, 044. 1/64 0 0 0 0 It t. ljt
3.045 Creep and creep rupture properties for sheet 1/32 0 0 0 rur I 2 I
3.0451 Creep and creep rupture curves at 200, 300 and 400F
for sheet in Condition H32, Fig. 3. 0451.
l/16
1/6
0 I I
0 I I
f I t
f 1ft
t. Itt
. Zjt
I 2 I r .
if . 3 t 2 4 t
3 ,
3,0452 Creep and creep rupture curves at 212, 300 and 400F 3/16 0 It t it :!jt 2 4 I 3 5 t
for sheet In Condition H32, Fig. 3,0452, 1/4 0 I I ; Ior 2 3 I 2 4 I 4 6 I
3,0453 Creep and creep rupture curves at 200, 300 and 400F 3/8 . l.t I .. z' I 2 . 3 t 21 . 5 t 4 7 I
for sheet In Condition H38, Fig. 3. 0453. .llJ. I 2 t 10. :lOt 2.; Jot 3 . s;r <; 8
3.0454 Creep and creep rupture curves at 90, ll2, 300 and
400F for sheet In Condition H38, Fig. 3,0454.
3.046 Creep and creep rupture properties for rod Minimum permissible radius over which sheet or pl.tuc may he hcnt
varies wHh nature of forming operation, type of forming equipment.
3.0461 Creep and creep rupture curves at 300 and 400F for
design and condition of tools. Minimum working radius for a given
rod, Fig. 3.0461.
material or hardest alloy and tcmpcr,glven radius,can be ascertained
3.0462 Creep and creep rupture cur:es at 300 and 400F for ro:l
only by actual trial' under contemplated conditions of fabrication.
in Condition 0, Fig. 3. 0462. .~
3.0463 Creep and creep rupture curves at 300 and 400F for 3;:
inch rod in Condition H32, Fig. 3. 0463. 4.02 Machining and Grinding
3.0464 Creep and creep rupture curves at 300, 400 and 600F 4.021 General, The machinability of this alloy is good. The
for 3/4 inch rod in Condition H34, Fig. 3,0464. best finish can be obtained with fully hard temper, while
3,0465 Creep and creep rupture curves at 300, 400 and 600F foi in the annealed condition care has to be exercised, (8).
rod In Condition H34, Fig. 3, 0465. 4.022 Grinding requirements for high speed steel turning tool,
3.0466 Creep and creep rupture curves at 300 and 400 F for see (a) below:
rolled red in Condition H38, Fig. 3,0466. 45 to 52' top rake
3.0467 Creep and creep rupture curves at 300 and 400F for rnlled !2 to 18' side rake
and drawn rod in Condition H38, Fig. 3.0467. s to 10 clearance
30' to 35 cutting edge.
3.05 Fatigue Properties (a) Carbide tools can be used, preferably using the
3.051 s .. N curves at room and elevated temperatures for "'Jioy lower range limit for greater cutting edge angle. U
In Condition 0, Fig. 3.051. the optimum cutting speed on the lathe is somewhat less,
S.OS2 SN curves for longitudinal and transverse weld heavier feeds and depth of cuts may be used. Lard oil
joints of sheet, Fig. 3. 052. or a mixture of lard oil and kerosene Is commonly used
as a cutting oil, although light cuts may be cut dry, (8).

CODE 3301
PAGE 4

l'
 l'<lunra::::.nnvu.:> "AI.L.VT.:>

4.03 Weldi!!IL 40
4.031 General. 5052 Is readily lqeldab1e by torch lucrtgas . I.
metal arc and electric resistance methods. AI 5154
Al2.SMg0,25Cr
ROD
AI
filler rod Is used when extjca metal is required. For
consumable electrodes,Al'lr..OO is rt.acommended, while
TESTED AT RT CONDO 2.5 Mg
30
for a welding combination pi~3003,. 6061, 6062 or 6063
to 5052, 4043 filler rod shoUJ-1 ile used, Torch welding
0.25 Gr
with lightly reduced flame Alcoa 1\o, 22 welding nux .J FTu
or equivalent Is recommendW. Inert-gas shielded arc
by tungsten and consumablcjelcctrode method is recom-
20 EXPOSURE 5052
mended, (8). .i e 1/2} HR
4,032 Effect of low and elevated temperature on weld tensile "" 10011 FTY
properties and weld joint eti"lclency of fheet, Fig. 10
4.032. ;
4.033 Effect of low and room teml'tel"&lure on longltodinaJ and 0 200 400 600
transverse weld strength anrl wc~d joint efficiency of TEMP F
sheet, Fig. 4. 033.
Effect of low ard room temper"llllre on weld strength FIG. 3.0212 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TIME
4.034
AND TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
of sheet, Fl!i. 4. 034. ' '
PROPERTIES TESTED AT ROOM
TEMPERATURE (12, I. 9697)
4.04 Hc-..at Treatment 50
A12.5Mg0.25Cr
4.05 Surface Treatment ROD
COND H34

30
Al5Mg0,12Mnll.:J2Cr . ;;;
AS RECEIV (0% P.RD) ~ :<:
+AS SHEAR FOR!t:m
20
z 9

~1'
:c
"' 1/2
""100
Ill 10 1000 R
"'0z ~~ ... 10,0
"':c-<
700 20 40--,T'"rO
; . ov
0
0 200 400 BOO
I
REDUCTION ~l!RCEIIT
TEMP F
FIG. 3.0213 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TIME AND
FIG. 1. 062 EFFECT OF. PERCI.~;'T REDUCTION ON
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
HARDNESS OF
r AU.t.\''{
... (20; p. 106)
OF ROD IN CONDITION H 34 TESTED AT
RCXJM TEMPERATURE (12, I. 100101)
~
i\
..
!
50
'
50 40 Vi
~

,I ~
zs=c-r...,----r:
15 ,.....,A..,.I""2-.5:-:M-,g---o-. 40
I
~ 14~----t-----17~~--+-----~ ;;;
~ 30 20
"'"'
c..
~ E
ffi
c..
13 1---......,A-------+----i 20 ""
...
~
"'
~ 12~L---+------r-----t----~ 10
0 200 400 1!00
FROM RT TO TEMP
INDICATED TEMP- F
11 0L---2~00------4~00------~~00----~~0 FIG. 3.0214 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TIME AND
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF ROD IN CONDITION
TEMP F
H 38 T&'TBD AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
FIG. 2.014 THERMAL EXPANSION (8)(13,p.35)(14)(19) (12, p. 103104)

CODE 330!
PAGE 5
"''"'"' NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCHI965

Al-2. SMg-0, 25Cr 40

Al2,5Mg-0.25Cr
AI ASRBCBlVBD
+ SHEAR FORMED
2.5 Mg
30
0.2~Cr
lil
:.:
lil
:.:'
Psu
....
5052 20

10 0 20 60 80
RBDUCnON - PBRCENI'
FIG. 3,0251 EFFECT OF PERCENI' REIXJC!nON
ON SHBAR STRmGnl OF ALLOY
(20, p. 106)
200 400 600 800
TEMP P
FIG. 3,0216 EPPBCT OF EXPOSURE TO ELBVATBD
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERTIBS
OF ALLOY IN H34 CONDmON (13)
Al-2, SMg-0, 25Cr
40~=~~~1k-~~

20

40

0
0 200 400 600 800 30 Iii
TEMP P
"'
PIG. 3,0217 BPPBCT OP I!XPOSURE TO BLEVATBD
TBMPERATURE ON TENSILE PROPERnBS
OF ALLOY IN H38 CONDmON (13) Iii
20 t
50 :.:
~

40
"' 10

0
30
Iii
"'
20

10
30

~20
t.l 800
0 200 400
m TEMP P
0 BFFBCT OF ROCN AND ELEVATBD
0 20 40 60 110 FIG. 3.0312
TBMPERATURE ON TENSILE
REDUCnON PERCENI' PROPBRnBS OF ALLOY AT VARIOUS
FIG. 3.0219. El?FI!CT OF PERCBNI' RBDOOnON TBMPERS (13, p, 30)
. . ON TENSILE PRC'PBRTIBS OF
ALLOY (20, p. 106)

CODE 3301 -...~ ......

PAGE I
 MARCHI965 NONFERROU S ALLOYS
,...., ......
J
\ Al-2.5Mg-o.25C 60 6o
1/2 INDIA BAR AI
1--'1<----i e
I
COND H36
2.5 Mg
~
.A. CON>O
0.25Cr
i li!
:.c
~ ~~~~~--r-----1~ ~ lil
:.c 20~ 5052
~
II.

6'
i:
II.
9.
--tt-+-----...... lil
~
0
:.c

~ 30 1---l~-

10

TBMP- P
0
PIG. 3. 0314 EPPBCT OP LOW AND
160
BLBVATBD TI!MPERA'IURE
ON TENSILE PROPBRTIBS OP
~
0 80
ALLOY AT VARIOUS TEMPERS
(13, p. 31)

...l:i
o_-100 0 -100 SOD
TBMP- P
PIG. 3.0313 BPPBCTOP LOW AND
BLBVATBD TBMPBRAnJRE
ON TI!NSILE PROPBRTIBS OP
BAR IN CONDmoN 0 AND H 36
(8)

100 ~~-----r-----r----~
Al-2. 5Mg-o. 25Cr
0.063 IN CR SHEET
CON>H38

OT
eL
lil
:.c 60 1--T~~-r-----r----~

~20
Gl
... 0 L-~:----~:----~----~
-10 -200 0 200
TBMP- P
PJJ. 3.0315 BPPBCT OP LOW AN> ROCN
TBMPERAnJRE ON LONli'IUDINAL
AN> TRANSVBRSB TBNSlLE
l'ROPERTIES OP SHEET
(16, ,.. 196-197)

CODE 3301
PAGE 7
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
MARCHI965

Al-2. SMg-o. Cr
AI 0.040 IN SHEET Al-2.5 g-o.25 Cr
2.5 Mg COND H38 ROD
80 COND H34
0.25 Cr eL
OT

505 2 60

iil
~

40
10
!!flU R}I!
1000
,. 10,000
0
~o----~2~00~--~400~--~600~---'.800

TI!MP - F
FIG. 3. 031 72 EFFEC T OF I!Xl'OSURI!
~tJ TIMI! A)II)
TEMPI!RATURI! ON TI!NSILI!
PROPI!RTII!S OF ROD IN comm oN
~ 0'--400
~::---:::--~--=-' H 34 (12, p. 100)
200
TEMP F
FIG. 3, 0316 I!FFB CT OF LOW AND R~
TI!MPI!RATURI! ON LOJ)(;ITUDINAL
AND TRANSVERSI! TI!NSILI! PROPI!R-
TII!S OF SHI!I!T (17, Thl. VID)

200 400 600 800

200 ~(II) . . 600 800
TEMP F
FIG. 3.0317 1 EFFI! CT OF I!XPOSURI! TEMf :. r
TIM I! AND
TEM~TURI!ONT~I! FIG. 3,0317 3 EFFI! CT OF UXPQSURI!
TIMI! AND
PROPI!RTII!S OF ROD IN COND mON TEMPI!RATL'RI! ON THNSILI!
0
(12, p. 96-97) PROPI !RTim , )F ROD iN comm oN
H 38 (12, p. 10310 4)

CODE 3301
PAGE 8
 AIWN
MARCH 1965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

120 Al-2.5 -o.25Cr AI

(_, AI-2.5Mg-0.25 Cr
COI'Il H32
60
.063INCR SHEET
COI'Il H38
2.5 Mg
100

e
60 40 0.25.Cr
li!
:..:
5052
ii.i 40
:..:
20 :t ~80 0

~ r co.ooo7- 0.001
"' 20 0
60

0 40
160 -400 -200 0 200
TEMP- F
~ EFFECT OF LOW AND ROOM
Ill FIG. 3.03712
u
a: 80 TEMPERATUR E ON TRANSVBRSB
...
Ill AND LONGITUDINAL NOTCH TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SHEET
(16, p. 92-93)
0_400 0 400 800
TEMP- F

FIG. 3.03174 EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TIME, LOW

AND ELBVATBD TEMPERATUR E ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLOY
IN CONDmON H 32 (10)

AJ-2.5Mg-0.25 Cr
0.040 IN SHEET I. 8 ,-.-,-----r-n""'l"",n'l'o~--no""'.:z::;c'c.cr::r:'l
CONDH38
0.063 IN CR SHBBT
li! CONDH3e
:..:

i5
2
Ill

~
:c

20 1.2
-400 0 200 -400 -200 0 200
TEMP- F TEMP- F

FIG. 3.03711 EFFECT OF LOW AND ROOM FIG. 3.03713 EPFBCT OF LOW AND ROOM
TEMPERATUR E ON NOTCH TllMPBRATUR E ON NOTCH
STRENGTH OF SHBBT STRENGTH OF SHEET
(17, 1bl. VIm (17, ibl. VOl)

CODE 3301
PAGE 9
AIWN NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCHI965

~I I 100 Al-2.5Mg-0.25Cr
......... ~ . :

0.040 IN SHBBT
125

~
CONDH38
8)
r
eL
OT NOT,CH
5052 f.j 40 STRl!NGTH--It----il----i

e
60
lil
:.0:
20
40

0 o r0.0007-0.00I
~l.2t-~----+-----r---_,
20

i5
0 ~ 1.0 1---!:~~+---t----1
1.14
E
~
i5 1.06

~ ~
E
:c
o.98 ~
14

:.0:

~ 0.90 6
-400 -200 0 200
400 200 0 200
TEMP F
TEMP F
FIG. 3.03715 EPFl!CT OF LOW AliD ROCN
FIG. 3.03714 EFFl!CT OF LOW TEMPERA"lURE TBMPRRA11JRE ON NOTCH
ON NOTCH STRENGTif. AI'D STRENGTII, NOTCH STRENGTH
NOTCH STRENGTH RA110 OF RATIO AID FRAC"IURE TOOOHNRSS
SHEET (9, p. 9)(11, p. 102) OF SHEET (16, p. 198-199)

Al-2.5Mg-o.25Cr
CONDO
20

-~ 300F
l----
10

.... ~"'-... .... ..

.........-.-
8
....... ...............
400F
lil6

~
w

~ ['...,600F
2
RUPTURB ........
--~~~
--0.5 CREEP
----0.

10 100 1000

TIMB HR
FIG. 3.041 CREEP AND CREBP RUP11JRB CURVB5 FOR
ALLOY IN CONDmON 0 (10)

CODE 3301
PAGE 10
 1-\1 IY1'41
MARCHI965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS

Al-2. SMgO. 25Cr AI

---
20 CONDH32
f-..~'
. .... 2.5 Mg
' ..... .... 1---r-
10
"..... '. ~'............... 0.25Cr

...... 1', 5052

8 ' ....
1'.
' '")'....
Iii 6
:.: ' ~,~
' ~300F 10 r---r---~~~-----~~~
~ sr--1------~~~~~~
.... 6r--t------~--~~~
4
-so6F I'- RUI'I'URB
--I.Q'K,
--0.5% fc:RB~ COND
---G.l%
2
} .
10 100
- .. -0.1%
1000
:
2 AH3 ~3i 3/41NDIA R
TH3 600f
TIME- HR 0 HJ 0. 065 IN SHEET
PIG.3.042 CRBBP AND CRBBP RUP'ruRB CURVES FOR 4 0 ROLLED ROD
ALLOY IN CONDITION H32 AT 300 AND SOOF 1000
(IJ) 10 100

TIMB HR
riG. 3, 044 CRBBP RUPTURE CURVES AT 90,
212, 300, 400 AND 600F FOR SHEET
AND ROD IN VARIOUS CONDmONS
(12, 1. 106107)

~r-------r---~AI~-~2-~SM~g-~O~.~~C~r,
SHEET
CONDH32

10~--~------~--~~-------;--~

8~~~-----+~~--4-~~--+-~
Iii
w 6~--~~~--~----~~--~~--~ 10------~----~~~~~
~ sr-~----r-----~r-----~
6 r-:...,.......3~r-+--- 200F---
--300F
--~F.
8

~ ~~}
4
!-----...,-;,.,_ CREBP

60.2%
2~------~-------------J
I 10 100 1000
10 1000
TIME HR
TIMB- HR
PIG. 3.043 CRBBP AND CR.BBP RlJPTUIU! CURVES FOR PIG. 3.0451 CRBBP AND CREEP RUP'IUIU! CURVES
ALLOY IN CONDITION H32 AT 212,400 AND AT 200, 300 AND 400P FOR SHEET IN
(10) CONDITION H32 (12,p.99;
500P

CODE 3301
PAGE II
 S. ~sW!slls~r
1
60
CONDH32 At-2.s~-o.25Cr
,__ -1 ~--
....
.. ~J;"
0.065 SHEET
CONDH 38

......
r-~....::7-1 to-
~
~
~
--- -..._ ...
......._...
...... 20
11;-_ -
- ~--
~: t:::.-
'
~

'... ~............
..... ., ~
""..., ~- ~~
~- .......
..... 10
"""'.....,.
r-. ........-....... - .....
~ 8
.........
tJ
., .. -:.:-:---..
~

[!:ir .
Cu ~:~A"' ~----.
~~~
6
- ~

YO.i r
Fe 0.14 ~

~ 2.59
0.04
4
l~r
SJ 0.15
+o..
CREE P Cu ~:04 e Rcr :E
42%
If, 8:81. - - 212F Fe 0.18

I
lA I Balan c -- 300F
400F
2
Mg
Mn
Sl
2.45
0.01
151\
... 0.5%
--
C'REEP

0.1
100 1000 10 Ti
Zn
AI
0.10
0.01
0.01
&lan e
--
--
90F
212F
lOOP
TIME HR 400F
1
FIG. 3. 0452 CREEP AND CREEP 0.1
RUP'IURB CURVES AT 10 100
212, 300 AND 400F FOR SHEET IN 1000
OOND mON TIME - HR
H32
(12, p. 107)
FIG. 3.045 4 CREE P AND CREE P
RUPI'JJRE CURVES AT
90, 212, 300 ANI.:' 400F FOR SHBE
T IN OONDI
TlON H38
(12, p.I07 )

l f~}UK.BCREEP COND 0
~ 300F
10
2 ~------~-400--F----~------~
100 1000
10 100
TIME HR 1000
FIG. 3.045 3 CREE P AND CREEP TIME HR
RUPIURE CURV
200, 300 AND 400F FOR SHEET IN ES AT FIG. 3.046 1 CREE P AND CREE P RUPIURE
OOND mON
H38 CURVES AT 300 AND 400F FOR
(12, p.IOS)
ROO (12,p. 98)

CODE 3301
PAGE 12
 ! Al-2. SMg-0. 25Cr
.~J 3/4 lN DIA ROD AI
20

:::----::~ ~
1--:.:: 2.5 Mg
0.25Cr
8--
6- -
- ""'"'---::
-i

......
t:-
300P
..,
.........
............... 5052

4 ~ 0.26 f-.. 411

Cu 0.03 I
Fe 0.20
Mg 2.33 A1.()%
Mn 0.02 eRfcB
o.S% CREEP
2 Sl 0.17 ... 0.2%
Tl 0.02 .0.1%
lA! Balance -- 300P
-- 400F
1
0.1 10 100 1000
TIME- HR
PIG. 3,0462 CREEP AND CREEP RUP'IURE CURVES AT
300 AND 4001' FOR ROD IN CONDITION 0
(12,p.I06)

0.1 10 100 1000

TIM- HR
PIG. 3. 0464 CREEP AND CREEP RUP'IURB CURVES AT
300, 400 AND 6001' FOR 3/4 INCH ROD IN
CONDmON H34 (12,p.I07)

3 0r-------,-------r~AI~-~2.~5~M~g-~.25~C~r

ROD
20 ~~--~~~~~~----~~~H3~

10
8

lil 6
10~----~~~~~~~--~~~~~ :.:
8!-----~~~~~~~~~~~~~
4001'
4
lil 6 1-::.._---+-----....;.---=::....,......j.:.----~-1
:.:
3

: ~-UPTUR~ B 2
o.s
, o. CREEP
2
.0.1%
3001' CREEP
4001'

1 L-----~-------L------~----~ 10 100 1000

0.1 10 100 1000
TIME- HR 11MB- HR
PIG. 3.0465 CRBBPAND CREBPRUPTURB CURVES AT
PIG. 3.0463 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES AT
300 AND 4001' FOR 3/4 INCH ROD IN CON- 300, 400 AND 6001' FOR ROD IN CONDITION
DITION H32 (12, p. 107) H34 (12, p. J02)

CODE 3301
PAGE 13
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCHI965

~r-----~------~---
-~-SMg-
---o. --~
AI AJ2, 25Cr
ROLL ED ROD AJ2, 0,25 Cr
2.5 Mg COND H38 CON> O

0.25Cr
RT
505 2
300F

1o6 107 108

NUMBER OF CYCL ES
FIG. 3.051 S-N CURVES AT ROOM AND BLBV
ATBD
TBMP ERAn .JRES FOR ALLO Y
IN
CONDIT!ON 0
(10)

1 - 30C),~F------+-
0.8L-------~~~----~----~
0.1
~-------J
10 100 1000
TIME - HR
FIG, 3.0466 CRBB PAND CRBB
PRUP I'tlRI !CUR VBSA T
300 AND ~F FOR ROLL ED ROD
IN CONDI-
TION H38
(12, p. 106)

~r------~------
~~~
AJ-2, 5Mg---~
O. 25Cr~
ROLLI.!D AND ORA WN ROD
COND H38

,';! 6
:.:
4

1
1 10
TIME - HR
FIG. 3.046 7 CRBI !PAN D CRBB NlMI IBR OF CYCLI!S
P RUP'IURB CURVES AT
300 AND ~F FOR ROLL ED FIG. 3.052 5-N CURVI!S FOR LOI' inwiN
AND DRAWN AL
ROD IN CONDIT.!ON H38 AND TRANSVERSI! WELD JOIN
(12,p ,J05) rS
OF SHI!I!T (16, p. 1201 21)

CODE 3301
PAGE 14
 o\12,5Mg0,25Cr
AI
2.5 Mg
20
l
.... 0.019 0.050 o. 113 ~0. 2.\9 0.25Cr
Iii
COND ____i
.(H34-
:.I
lo6 5052
10
107 H~
108
0.05 0.1 o.s
niiCKNBSS - lN
00 200 400 600
FIG, 4,013 MINIMUM BBND FACTOR FOR
TI!MP- P VARIOUS nllCKNBSSBS (2)(3)
PIG. 3.053 BPPBCT OF TBST
TI!MPBRA11JRB ON ~ 120
FATIGUE STRB~TH A12, SMg-0. 25Cr

~~ 0,063 IN CR SHBBT

-
OF Al.l.OY IN 0 CONDmON
(13) uu CONDH38
-<l -"'
ii:gjso
i:Jo.
~ 60
-
!2. 80

~
OT

'
eL
14 Al2,5Mg0,25Cr FTU
0,063 IN CR SHBBT 40 ............,_
CONDH38 -o-
-e --e.... 30
~20

:'
12
~
~ ~ ~ """-
~ 10 ~ leo
-400 -200 0 200
TI!MP- P
FIG, 4.032 BFFBCT OF LOW AND BLBVATBD
8 TI!MPBRATURE ON WE!.D TENSILE
-400 -200 0 PROPERTIES AND WELD JOINT
TI!MP- F BFP1CIBNCY OF SHEET
(16, p. 198-199)
FIG. 3,062 MODULUS OF I!LASTICnY
AT LOW TI!MPBRATURE
(16, p. 196-197) 100 r--r----~~M~-~2~.s~--o~.~25~C~r~
0.063 lNCR SHEBT
CONDH38

t: AI-2.5Mg-0.25Cr
~120~----+-----+-----;
1>10

~
~ 80 1------+-----~"<----1
~ 20

~ u
0.
l5 40 .1---_.J._----IL---...J
~ oLL~:::=!:==t._j
... -400 0 800 -200 0 200
TI!MP- F
TI!MP- F
FIG, 4.033 BFFBCT OF LOW AND R~
PIG. 3, 0621 MODULUS OF Bl.ASTICITY
AT LOW AND ELBVATBD TI!MPBRATURE ON l.O~rruDINAl.
TI!MPBRATURBS IN TBNSION AND TRANSVERSE WBLD STRB~TH
AND Ca.tPRBSSION AND WELD JOINT BFFJCmNCY OF
(IS, 3. 2. 5.1. 4) SHEET (16, p. 102-103)

CODE 3301
PAGE 15
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCHI965

80
AI la Al-2.5M g-0.25C r \.._.:
~ 0,040 IN SHBBT
2.5 Mg
i560 \ CONDH38
HBLIARC Btn'T WBLD
0.25C r ~
~
WBLDS I' BN:l1li

5052
~
940
Ill
;!: " KTU

~20
tJ

if 0
..r-.- e

-400 -200 0 200

TBMP- F
FIG. 4.034 BFFBCT OP LOW AND ROCN
TBMPBRATURB ON WBLD
SI'RBN: l1li OF SHBBT
(17, Thl. Vlll)
Note: Heliarc butt weld X-rayed , roll
planished no doubler relnrorc ement

RBF BRB!I[:BS

1 AMS 4015B, Oanuary 31, 1964)

2 AMS 4016B, Qanuary 31, 1964)
3 AMS 4017B, Oanuary 31, 1964)
4 AMS 4069, Oune 15, 1959)
5 AMS 4070F, Oanuary 31, 1964)
6 AMS 4071F, Qanuary 31, 1964)
7 AMS 41148, 0anuary ,15, 1958)
8 "Aluminum 5052," Alloy Digest, Al-39, (May 1959)
9 Campbel l, ], B., "Review ol Current Data oa the Tensile
Properti es ol Metals at Very Low Tempera tures : DMIC
Rep. 148, Bstt.Ue Memoria l lnst., (Februar y 14, 1961)
10 "Mechan ical Properti es at Various Temper atures"!
Alcoa
Research Laborato ries, (August 29, 1957)
11 Christia n, J, L,, Chaley, J. B., Hurllch, A., Watson,
J. F. and Witzell, W. B., "Structu ral Alloys for Cryogen
ic
Service :Metal Progress , Vol. 83, No. 3, (March
1963)
12 Voorhee s, R. H. arx1 Freeman, J. W., .. Repon on the
Blevated Tempera ture Properti es ol Aluminum and
Magnesi um Alloys," AS1M Special Technica l Pub!.
No
.291, (October 1960)
13 "Alcoa Aluminum Handbook ,"Alumin um Company ol
America , (1962)
14 "Alcoo Structur al Handbook :'Alumin um Company or
America , (1960)
15 Mll1tary Handboolc, "Metalli c Material s and Blement
s for
Flight Vehicle Structur es : Mii-Hdb k-5, Departm ent
ol
Defense, (August 1962)
16 Christia n, J. L., "l'hyslca l and Mcchaol cal Properti
es ol
Pressure Vessel Material s for Applicat ion In a Cryogen
ic
Environm ent", ASD-mR -62-258, (March 1962)
17 "Compil ation or Material s Research Data": General
Dynamic s Astronau tics, Rep. AB 62-0138- 3, (March
1962)
18 "Aluminum and lts Alloys - Wrought :Materi als In
Design Engineer ing, Material s Selector Issue, (Mid-
October 1963)
19 "Propert ies and Selection ol Materia ls :' ASM Metals
Handbook. Vol. 1, 8th Edition, (1961)
20 Jacobs, P., "Mechan ical Properti es ol Material s
Fabricat ed by Shear Forming :' ASD-11lR -62-830,
(Februa ry 1963)

CODE 3301
PAGE 16
 1. GENERAL 1.05 Heat Treatment
~ :_ Alwnlnwn alloY 5056 Is au a1wnlnwn-magneslwn wroilgbt 1.051 Anneal (CCDdltlon 0). 650F, time In furnace need net be AI
.,.....,,,/ alloy developed by the Alwnlnwn Comp&D"J al America longer than Ia necesaary to bring aU parts al the load
(Alcoa) In the year 1936 for usc In the manUfacture al to the annealing temperature. Cooling rate Is net 5 Mg
wire products. The alloy does net respond to thermal Important, (S).
best treatments, but Its strength can be Increased by 1.052 Hot working range. see section 4. 04. 0.12 Mn
cold working. Aluminun 5056 has high resistance to
rural11ndustrlal and marlue atmospheres aod &ood 1.06 Hardness. 0.12 Cr
corrosion resistance to most neutral fresh water, aea seeiiiSOTable 3. 0212.
water, organic acids, anhydrides aod petroleum. 1.061 Heat treatments. Alloy Ia net hardened by thermal
derivatives. The alloy exhibits good weldabUity aral can : treatments. 5056
be machined aatlafactorlly. It Is available as rod, wire 1.062 Cold work. Alloy can be hardened by strain hardening.
and rivets. 1.0621 Coodltlon H12:
1/4 strain hardened, produced by cold worldDg.
1.01 Commercial Des!s!!!tion 1. 0622 Coodltlon Hl4:
AI 5056, Alcl~d 5056. 1/2 strain hardened, produced by cold working.
1.0623 Coodltlon HIS:
1.02 Alternate Desll!!!!!tlons Fully strain hardened by cold working.
None. 1.0624 Coodltlon H192:
Extra strain hardened by cold work plus fabrication for
1.03 S~lflcatlons special applications.
1. 031 AMS Speclflcatlons, Table 1. 031. 1.0625 Coodltlon H32:
1/4 strain hardened and stabilized.
1.0626 Condition H34:
1/2 strain hardened and stabUized.
TABLE 1.031 1.0627 Coodltion H3S:
Fully strain hardened and stabilized.
ltii:~A 'I Wire
Form
(CondO) 1.06:>.S Coodltlon H392:
l!xtra strain hardened and stabilized plus fabrication for
special applications.

1.07 Ft~rms and Coodltions Available

1.071 rv1re In Condition 0, Hll1, H12, Hl4, H16, H1S, Hl9
1.032 Federal Specifications, Table 1. 032.
sod H192 as well as H32,- H34, H3S, H39, H392 and rivet
TABLE 1.032 rod aod redrawn rod In Coodltion 0, rlveta In Condition
Federal Forlu Conditions
FFN-105-2
QQA-4301
Nalls, wire and staples
Rivet wire and rod 0, }!32
- H32, (5).
Coiled wlre, flattened, round edges, Table I. 071

QQR-566-2 Welding rod (gas) - TABLE 1.071

I Sour~" (2)
1. 033 Mllltary Specifications, Table 1. 033. AI5Mg-0.12Mn0.12C r
TABLE 1 033 Allov
I Pn1"m Colled wire, flattened round edlles
Mllltarv Form Conditions Net R'Ven
I_Condltion
MlLC-915A } Wire (shipboard use) Thickness In Width In
\,., '"""' (shlps)-S Ble:trlc cables H392
0.189 to 1.000
MILC6136 Braid
MlL-R-5674B1 Rivets (anodized) H32
- 0.187 to 0.125
0.124 to 0. 09S 0.125 to 1. 000
0. 097 tn 0. 020 0.1163 tn . 000
MS 20995B (Clad) Wire, lock (drawing) - Maxlmwn ratln of width to thickness for thicknesses
1.034 ASTM Speclflcatlons, Table 1. 034. 0.020 to 0.042 Is 10 to 1
TABLE 1 034
Form Conditions 1. 072 Alclad wire In Condition 0, redrawn rod In Condition 0,
ASTM
Bat', rod and wire (). (5).
821163
Hl2,1114, HIS, H32,
H34, H3S, Hill, Hl92 I.OS Melting aod Casting Practice
H392 1. OSI on. gas or electric fired furnace see 2024.
1. OS2 Today, clad sheet Is produced exclusively by rolling
8316-63 !Rivet wire , cold heading 0 a aandwlch, rather than by casting, see 2024 Clad also.
r,.1re and rods H32

Listed as good source of Information only. 1.09 Special Considerations

1.091 This alloy should net be annealed In a molten nitrate bath
because al Us magneslwn content. It wUI have an erploslve
1. 04 Composition reaction when Introduced Into a molten nitrate bath. If
Table 1.04. the bath Is overheated, the reaction will be even more
TABLE 1 04 violent, (4).
Source (1)(2 (12)
Percent Percent 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Mln Max Min Max
0.05 0.20 0.05 0.20 2.01 Thermal Properties
Chromlwn
Copper
.
0.10 - -- 2.011 Melting range. 1055 to IISOF, (7)(8)(12).
Iron
Magneslwn 4.5
0.40
5.6
-
4.5 5.6
2.012
2.0121
Phase changes
Tlmetemperaturetran aformatlon diagrams
Manganese 0.05 0.20 0.05 0.20 2.013 Thermal conductivity
Silicon . 0.30 - - 67. 76 Btu ft per (hr sq ft F) at RT, Condition 0,
Zinc .
.
0.10 - - 62. 92 Btu ft per (hr aq It F) at RT, Condition H3S, (7)(8).
Impurities, each 0.05 - - 2.014 Thermal expansion. Fig. 2.014.
- Balance -
Impurities. total
\lwninum I .
Balance
0.15 2.015 Specific heat
o. 23 Btu per (lb F) at 212P, (8)
0. 22 Btu per (lb F) at 212P, (12).

CODE 3302
PAGE
""' " ... ;ijQNFERROUS ALLOYS MARCH 1965

2.016 Thermal dl.ftualvlty 3.02 MecbaD1cal Properttes at Rocm Temperature

AI 2.02 Olher Pbyalcal Properties
3.021 TeDSIOII
3.0211 Stress-maiD diagrams
5 Mg 2.021 Density. 0. 095 lb per cu 111: 2. 64 gr per cu em, at 3.0212 TeDSUe properties at rocm temperature, Table 3. 0212.
RT, (7)(8)(12).
0.12 Mn 2.022 Realll!lvlty TABLB 5,0212
2.34 mlcrdun-111 at RT, Ccodltl011 H38, (8)(12),
ISm="
0.12 Cr 2.52 mlcrclun-111 at RT, CODdltl011 0. (12), Allov A' -SMD'-0. 12Mn-O. 12C,.
2.023 Magnetic properties
2,024
!I'onn .Wr<IIIRht
l!mlaalvlty ICondition 0 HIS H38 lball-bard
5056 2.025 Damping capacity Thlcbeas - iD
2.03 Chemical Properties
Pru.
Fty
-tal
-tal
42
22
63
59
60
50
--
--
2.031 Real81aDCe to general corroal011 attack Ia excellent, (5).
Pau. -leal 26 34 32
This alloy baa an excellent corroal011 reslll!ance to rural, e(z ID) -perce~~t 35 10 15
1DdU81rlal and marllle atmospberes and gond corrosion HardDeoa, BHN" 65 105 1110 10S(H18)
realll!ance to mOll! Deutral or Dearly DeUtral fresh
IOO(H38)
water, organic acids and aDhydrldes, (12).
1/2 Inch diameter specimeD (Ref. 2)
3. MECHANICAL PROPBRTIBS 500 leg load, 10 mm ball (Ref. 12)
3,111 Specllied Mechanlcal Properties 3.022 Compress1011
3.011 AMS apecllled mecbaDlcal properties, Table 3. 011. 3.0221 Stress-attalll dllgrams
3.023 Impact
TABLB 3.011 3.024 BeDding
I !:no,.,.. AMS 11\ 3.025 Torsl011 and shear
Allov AlSMI>-D. 12Mn-D.l2Cr 3:0251 Ultimate shear ll!reDgth, (Pau) at rocm temperature
Porm w..... Ccodltl011 0 26 tal,
Candldon 0 Inn\ Ccodltl011 HIS 34 kal,
Thlclaleaa - 111 < 0.125 0.125 to:=:. o. 374 Ccodltl011 H38 32 leal, (11).
Pw maxl<al 46 46 3.0252 Typical shear ll!reDgth, Table 3. 0212.
I~~OiD)miD-perceDt
401 miD-om-cent
10
- -
20
3.026
3.027
Bearing
Stress conceDtratiOII
.3.~1 Notch properties
3.012 Producer's apecllled mechRDical prcpertlea, Table 3.0272 Fracture touglmess
3,012. 3,028 CcmbiDed properties

TABLB 3 012
I Source (2)
Allov AlSMR-D.12MD-D. 12Cr
Form Wire. rod and bar AI clad
Condtl011 0 I Hlll I H12 I Hl4 _I Hl8 I H19 I H192 I H32j H34 _I H38 H39 H392 p 0 H392 H39
ThlckDeas - 111 AU
up to
0.374 I
1up to up to 1up to
10.313
I
tof 1 up to. sl
tof 1 up
0.2044 0.145 0.013 0.374 0.313 0.204 0.14
,t,up I up ':J 1
0.0133 0.375 All I0.01310.1~
so 48
- --
46 44 46 40.
=7; 52
-
58
- -
59 60 44
-
50 55
- ...
56
- -
58
mllllcal 20
e 4Dim1Dom-ceD - - - - -
Maximum. So specllled to lllaure complete aDDeallqr
The measurement for wire Is Dot required for wire < 0. 125 1Dch
D represents apec:imeD dllmeter 3,03 Mech&Dical Propenles at Various Temperatures
3.031 TeDSIOII
3. 013 MechaDical properties limits for wire, rnd and bar, 3.0311 Stress-ll!ralll dllgrams
Table 3. 013, 3.0312 l!tfect d. elevated temperature 011 teDaUe prop::rtles d.

I!W,,.~ ..
TABLB3 013 . 3.0313
alloy, Pig. 3, 0312.
BUect d. low and elevated temperature and exposure
l7l time 011 teDsUe propertlea d. alloy, Pig. 3. 0313.
Allov AISMD'-0. 12Mn-D.l2Cr 3.032 Compression
Rivet and cold 3.0321 StressattalD dllgrams
Form
Wire, rod and bar beadlqr 3.033 Impact
(rolled or cold flDllhed) wire and rod 3.034 BeDding
I Thlckn"ll ln All ,;;0,374 ,;; U,l92 s 1.000 3.035 Torsl011 and <~hear

--
Fw, max-leal 46(0) 46(0) 3.0351 l!tfect d. elevated temperature 011 ahear ll!reDglh d.
mllllcal 44(H111) 52(H32) rivets, Pig. 3. 0351.
- .-
44(H32) 3,036 Bearllls

--- ---
:::2) 32) 3.037 Streaa concmtn\11011

.-
2(Hl4) 3.0371 Notch properties
O(H34) 3.0372 Fracture touglmeao
-- 8(Hl8)
~S(H38)
-. -. 3.038 CombiDed prcpenles

.
--
~192) . 3. 04 Creep and Creep Rupture Prope!t!es
~8(H392) . . 3, 041 Creep and creep rupture curves for alloy, Fig. 3. 041.
e(21D or 40)-perceDt
Alclad
20(0) - - - 3.05 Fatigue Propenlea
Pw, mllllcal -- ~~92)
392)
-- -- 3.051 Bndurance limit (baaed 011 R. R. Moore tell!a to 5 x 1o8
cycles) at room temperature.
. . 54(H393) . CcodiUoa 0 20 leal
CcodiUoo Hl8 22 leal
Dlometer or leaS! dill!ance betweeD parallel faces, CcodiU011 H38 22 lcll, (12)(13).

CODE 3302
PAGE 2
i\ 3.06 Elastic Properties AI
3,061 Poisson's ratio. 0. 33, (8).
3.062 Modulus of elasticity, 5 Mg
10.3 x 1o3 ksl, (7)(12), .
3.063 Modulus of rigidity. 3. 7S x 1ol ksl, (8), ~14~----~----~~--~r-----t--1
0.12 Mn
FABRICATION
ffi
4.
"'~ 0.12 Cr
4.01 Formability re 12
5056
Machining and Grinding
4.02
4,021 This alloy bas excellent machinability compr.rable to that ..,2::
of heat treatable high strength aluminum alloys, although
It bas a slight tendency to give gummy chips while being
~ 10 1-f---4 ---+-- -t----l ;--i
machined. It gives the best results when machined In the
fullhardened Condition. It Is less resistance to tool
penetration and requires a relatively larger rake angle
for optimum production rste and smooth finish, (11)(12). 400. 800 1200

4.03 Welding TEMP F

4.031 Inert-arc and electric resistance welding Is excellent. FIG, 2, 014 11iERMAL EXPANSION (2, p. 40)(S)(12)
Torch welding can also be applied to this alloy, but
Is less favorable than the other methods, (12),

4. 04 Heat Treatment
4,041 Hot working range. SOO to 9SOF, (12),

4. OS Surface Treatment

AI Mg0.12Mn0 .12Cr
WROOOHT
60
HT FOR 10,000 HR

60 so

so 40

Ill
Ill :.c
:.c 40
30

t ~
30 20

20 10

10 0

0
!60

!;.
Ill
tJ 80
""
Ill
"'
800
TEMP F
FIG. 3. 0312 EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATIJRE
ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ALLDY
(8,p.944)

CODE 3302
PAGE 3
 NUN~ERROUS ALLOYS MARCHI965

.---- .---- .---- -.so

AI AI5Mg O.J2Mn O.J2Cr
CONDH32
5 Mg
0.12 Mn
0.12 Cr

5056

I ~------~------~--------._
0.1 ------~
10 1110 1000
c(40)
TIME HR
0 FIG. 3.041 CREEP AND CREEP RUPTURE CURVES
400 0 400 FOR
800 ALLOY (5)
TEMP F
FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF LOW AND
ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
AND EXPOSURE TIME ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
ALLOY (5)

REFERENCES

AMS 4182A, (1952)

''Alcoa Aluminum Handboo k,'' Aluminum Co. or
America ,
(1959-!962)
''Alcoa Aluminum Speclflc allons," Section AI2A.
(July
I, !963)
30 ..Heat Treatment of Aluminum and Aluminum
Parts for
AI5Mg 0.12Mn O.I2Cr Aircraf t," Process Specification, Lockheed Aircraft
~ RIVETS Co., 521c, (Fchrua ry 25, 1963)

lO
['-. CONDII32 "Alloy 5056, Alclad 5056, " Alcoa Researc h Laborat
Aluminum Company of America , (Decem hor 9,
ories,
6 1959)
F ", Tl)llon. C. R .. Jr .. "Reacto r Handbook" 2oo Edition,
su
~
Vol. I, Materia ls, lntcrscle nce Publishe r, Inc.,
N.Y.,
(19~0)

10 "Standa rds for Wrought Aluminum Mill Product

s," The
Aluminum Associa tion, Fourth Revision , (Octoho
'\ 8 ASM Metals Hand hook, Vol. J, ''Propcr llc5 and
or Metals, " 8th Edition, (191>1)
r 19M)
SelecUo n
i'- 9 "Machin ing," Kaiser Aluminum and Chemica l Sales,
0 Inc.,
0
(1957)
200 400 600 800 10 "Brazing Alcoa Aluminu m," Aluminum Company
TEMP F America , (1955)
or
II "The Aluminum Data llook," Reynolds Metals Co.,
EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERA- (1958)
12 "Aluminum and Its Alloy - Wrou~ht," Materia ls
TURES ON SI!EAR STRENGTH OF Selector
RIVETS Issue, Materia ls In Design Englneerin& Vol. Sfi,
(9) No. S,
(MidOctollCr, 19M)
13 "Structu ral Aluminum Design, Reynolds Metals
Co., (1958)

'....._._.._,,
 MARCHI965 NUN~tKKUU~ ALLUT~

GENERAL TABLE I 04
( I.
Aluminum 5456 Is a nonheat treatable wrought alloy Source (I 3) 20 AI
'~ having good corrosion resistance iD the recommended Percent Percent Percent
temperature range and excellent welding qualities Min Max Min Max Min Max
5.1 Mg
with moderstely high propentes without the necessity
of a post weld heat treatment. It does not exhibit a
Copper
Chromium
-
p.os
0.20 - 0.20
0.20 0.05 0.20 0.05 0.20
-
0.10
0.8 Mn
transition ductlle to brittle behavior at low test tem-
peratures or wheu temperature is lowered. It Is
I ron + Silicon - 0.40 - 0.40 -
0.40
0.10 Cr
Magnesium 4. 7 5.5 4.7 5.5 4. 7 5.5
prlmarlly used for high strength weld structures, W.anganese 0.50 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.50 1.0
storage tanks. pressure vessels, vehicular use, - - -
especially for gun mounts, deck housings, overhead
Titanium
.
0.20
0.25 .
0.20
0.25 .
0.20
0.25
5456
Zinc
cranes, ship unloaders al1 heavy duty constructions, Other, each . 0.05
.-
0.05 -
0,05
(1)(3)(20). Other, total - 0.15 0.15 -
0.15
Aluminum rata nee llalance fo.alance
I. 01 Commercial Designation
5456, AI 5456.
1.05 Heat Treatment
1.02 Alternate Desisnatlon 1.051 AMeal to Condition 0,
None. 650F, (20). 77SF (18), time In furnace need not be longer
than Is necessary to bring parts to the annealing tem-
1.03 Specifications perature.
1.031 Federal specifications, Table 1.031. 1.052 Age. Alloy Is not hardenable by any thermal treatment,
TABLE I 031 but can be bardened and strengthened by cold work
I Source l' (strain hardening).
Allov AI5.1M 0. 8Mn-O. ICr 1.053 Stress relief. 425 to 475F, 4 hours, air cool, (1). This
Form Federal Condition treatment I recommended If cold work Is applied In
P.ar, rod and shapes. fabrication processes.
extruded, rolled, forgings QQA-00200/7 0, Hill, Hll2, H311 1.054 Removal of cold work. Soaking temperature Is 775F,
Plate, stleet QQA-00250/9 0, H24, H321, 11323, H343 2 hours, where the rate of cooling Is unimportant, (2).
1.055 Hot working range, 600 to 900F, (18).

1.032 Military Specifications, Table 1.032. 1.06 Hardness

1.061 Alloy can be hardened only by cold work.
TA6Lil 1.032 1.062 Description of various conditions or cold work, Table
Source
(b) 1.062.
Allov Al5. !MgO. B_Mn-1). l(;r
Milltarv Condition TABLE I 062
Form
Source 20
llar. rod and shapes, Al-5. IM2-0 8MnO. IOCr
MILA21170M 0,11111, Hll2, H311 Allov
extruded. rolled, forging Cold worked
MIL P-25995 0, Hll2, H311 Condition
Pipe. extruded or drown
MILAI9842C 0, H24, H321, H323, H343 H24 Strain bardencd,partla lly annealed, 1/2 hard
Pia tc and sheet
0, Hl12, H311 Hill Strain bardened (less than HII temper)
Standard structural shapett {MILA-25994
MILA21170M 0, Hill, H112, H311 H112 Strain hardened during a shaping process
H311 (a) Strain harden<'<~ (les than lUI temper) and stabilized
H32i (b) Strain hardened and stabilized, 1/4 hard
1.033 SAE Specifications, Table 1.033. H323 (b) Strain hardened and stabilized, 1/4 hard
H343 (h) Slraln hardened al1 stabilized, 1/2 hard
TARLE !.033
(a) Stabilized by a low temperature heating to sUghrly lower the strcnR(h
Source al1 Increase ductility.
Al-5.1M~O. 8MnO.IC.rl
Allov (h) The third digit or the designation Indicates that the degree of control
SAE
I Form or temper or the mechanical properties are dlf!erent from those for
I Plate. sheet AA 545~
2 digit H designations.

1.07 Forms al1 CoiXlltlons Available

1.034 ASTM Specifications, Table 1.034, 1.071 Sheet, plate, extruded tube, extruded sba.pes, structwal
shapes, rod, bar and pipe. (1)(20).
1.072 Forms available, Table 1.072.
TABLE I 034 TABLE 1.072
Source b
Source 3
Allov Al5.1M~O. 8Mn0.1Cr
AI~ A15.1MgO. SMnO.IOCr
AS'IM Forms and
---lit
Form
... :.:Mil)' Condit Inn
Conditions Thickness - In Wldthln Length-In
Bar, rod and sharer- ll22!63 O,HIIl,llll2 0. 250 to 0. 154 96 3b0
Sheer and sheet
Forgings B247b3 0 0. 154 to 0.125 84 3b0
clrcles(llat, mill
Pipe elCtruded or drawn ~4163 finish) D. 125 to 0. 096 72 300
45t3 p,Hll2
Plate, fiheet 8209-63 p, H24, Hll2, H32! 0, H32i', H323, 0. 096
0,076
to 0. 076
to 0.063
72
72
300
300
Standard structural shapes B30863 p,Hill, Hll2, H311
H343
0. 063 to 0. 051 60 200
Tul1e. extruded 11221h3 b. Hill Hll2
Plate al1 plate
certain ASTM SpecUtcatlons represent ASMB circle (mill finish)
Boller and Pressure Vessel Code SpecUicatlons 0, F, H321, H323 3.00lto 0.625 132 480
1,035 AMS Specifications. None. H343, H131' o. 625 to 0. 250 120 480

Hli3 and H32i Is 72 Inches maximum width

Composition 1-1131 fa. armor plate only ord subjc:<:t to Inquiry.
Table 1.04.

CODE 3303
PAGE
 nVI' frc:. nnu u::; ALL OYS MARCHI965

3,0212

5.1
AI
Mg
Source
Allov
TABLE 3 0212
Ill
.
Produc er's guaran teed mechaDlcal proper
and extrusi ons Table 3 0212
ties for plate

'Porn AI5.1 MR .I!MnO .!DCr

0.8 Mn I f'ft;;;jitf_;;;-
0
Plate
J>...~ft-- (1\-
H321
~n.kk-;eas In 0. 250 to 2. 000 0. 250 to 0. 624 0. 625 H32 II H 2
0.10 Cir Ftu ksl 42 to 53 46 to 59
to 1. 250 1. 251 to 2, 000 up lhru 5 (32 sq In)
H3
46 to 56 44 to :>0 4l

I
Fry. kal 19 to 30
~
I ~
33 to 43 33 to 43 31 to 43
e 'c2 lnl oerce nt 16 19 19 25
54:5 6 !2 12 !2 16 12 12
(1) Proper ties also apply for rolled bar,
rod and structu ral shapes
\ 1,08
Minimum
MeltfnR aod Casting Practic e .See 2.0ll.
3,0213 Produc er's typical mechan ical proper ties
ror wrought
1.09 Special Consid eration s alloy, Table 3. 0213,

2, TABLE 3.0213
PHYSICAL AND CHI!MICAL PROPERTIES
I Souroe 3
All~
2,01 Therm al Proper ties AI5.1M""RO. BMnO,lOC r
2.0ll Meltin g range. 1060 to 1180, (17)(18)(20). I Fnrm Wrnuuht allnv variou s Corms
2.012 Phase change s lrft""lt lnn 0 H24 H112 H3ll H32t H323
LTh!ckness In H343
2,0121 Time-t empera ture-tr ansfor mation diagra Avera ge varlou s SIZes
ms typks l
2.013 Therm al ccnduc tlvlty, Fru 45 54 45 47 51 51 56
68,0 Btu ft per (hr sq Ct F), (19). Ffl,' typkal 23 41 24 33 37 38
e( In)" 43
67.76 Btu ft per (hr q rt F), (1)(17), typ% 24 12 22 18 16 10
67,5 Btu rt per (hr aq ft F), typical , Condit
ion 0, at
e(21n)"" typ% 20 .. 16 . 8
.
RT, (20). Fsu' typksl 27 31 27 27 30 30 33
2.014 Therm al expans ion, Fig. 2, 014. Ha"!~~ 500/10
13.3 In per In per Pat 212F, (1)(17)(19), 70 . 70 75 90 90 0
94
2.015 SpecUic heat, 1/16 Inch thick specim en
0,23 Btu per (lb F) at 212F, (17)(18)(19)(2 1/2 Inch diamet er specim en
0).
2.016 Therm al dlffusl vlty 3.0214
Typica l mechan ical proper ties
2,02 Other Fhysic al Proper ties 3,02141 Typica l mechan ical proper ties for alloy,
Table 3.0214 1.
2.021 Densit y. 0,096 lb per cu In; 2,65 gr per
cu em, (1)(19) TABLE 3,02141
(20).
2,022 Blectrl cal resisti vity,
i Snurc~ I
Alluv A1=5; !MgO . 8Mn O.l()C r:__
2,34 microh m-In at RT, (17)il8 ),
Form -NOt g ven
2,32 mlcroh mln at RT, typical , Conditi
2.023 on 0, (20). Condition 0 H321 Hll<:
Magne tic proper ties. tt~ll
Thickn ess In Not given
The alloy Is nonma gnetic, (!),
2.024
2.025
l!mlsal vlty
Damping capaci ty
Ptu
F~,
typkal
typeka
e( In) typpe rcent
45
23
24
51
37
16 22
;: 33

18
2,03 Hardness,
Chemi cal Proper ties
2.031 BHN 0 75 90 75 86
The alloy has good corros ion resista nce
to rural, F.,. typksl 28 30 28
Industr ial and marine atmosp heres and to 28
neutr)l l or nearly neutral fresh waters . most
1/16 Inch thick specim en
2,032 Alloy Ia resista nt to chemic als shown In (500/10)
Table 2. 032.
3, 02142 Typica l mechan ical propen les ror variou
TABLE 2 032 s rormo and
sizes, Table 3, 02142.
Source
7 TABLE 3 02142
Allov A .<. '"''n-0. 8Mn-0 .10Cr Source 120
Resistance to chemicals Aftov
Alcoho ls Al-5.!M IHT.8M nO. ~
Form Av~ valftno 'ft~ ..... I7P.
Aldehy des,
Condit lor. 0 Hll2 H311
Am ides H321
Thlckn e In Averag e var oua atzes
Ammon ia and ammon ia compounds
Coal tar deriva tives Fru typksl 45 45 47 51
Essent ial oils Fry typksl 23 24 33 37
Esters Fau typksl . 30
Gasoli ne and grease s e(2tn) typ-percent 24 22 !8 lh
Hydrogen peroxi de Hardne ss, RHN . . 90
Ketones Ill~ Inch thick specim en.
Many roodstu rrs 500 kg load, 10 mm ball.
M1ny neutral aqueous lnorga~tc salt solutio 3.0214 3 Typica l mechan ical proper ties Cor alloy,
ns Table 3, 02143.
Nitric acid above 82%
Nitro psrafCina TABLB 3 02143
Organi c acids and anhydr ides Source 18
Olher petrole um deriva tives and waxes Allnv Al5.lM it0.8M nO.IIX ,;r
Form Average variou s forms
3, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES C':nMirlnn AM 0 Hatr-h ard (H32ll
3.01 SpecUied Mecha nical Proper ties
Thk~neea !n
Ftu. Ul
ksl
..,
Aveng e variou s sizes
51
F,t 23 37
3.02 Mecha nical Proper ties at Room Tempe rature e( ln\ -percenr 24
3.021 16
Tensio n Fsu kat 28 30
3,021!
3,0211 1
Stress -strain diagra ms
Srress -stratn curves in tenalou at room temper
extrusi ons, Fig. 3,021! 1.
ature for .Hardness, BHN
500 Kg load, 10 mm ball
75
___.__ 90

CODE 3303
PAGE 2
 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AI'WN
MARCHI965

3.0215 Mechanical property limits

3.02151 Mechanical property limits for sheet and plate, Table AI
3.02151.
TABLE 3.02151 5.1 MQ
J.,. 3 0.8 Mn
IAIInv Al-5.1Mg-u. 811'.n-0.10Cr
0.10 Cr
,,. .......
J.,n,..:;
n
0.126 to
uur
0.625 to 1.251 to
~-

0.051 to
and nlt~
uu_~

0.126 to 0.250 to 0.051 to

H343
0.126 to 0.250 to
0.188 to
Th lckness - In 3.000 0.624 1.250 2.000 0.125 0.249 1.000 0.125 0.249 1.000 5456'
42 46 46 44 48 48 48 53 53 53
ftu mlnksi
m&x-lcsl 53 59 56
33
56
31
58
36
58
36 36
- 63
41
63
41
-
41
Fty mln-ksl 19 33
max-ksl 30 43 43 43 46 46 46 5[ 51 51
e. f21n\~lnoercent 16 12 12 12 6 8 8 6 8 8

3. 02154 Mechanical praperty limits for pipe, forgings and hand

3,02152 Mechanical property limits for extruded tube and die
forgings, Table 3. 02154.
forgings, Table 3. 02152.

TABLE 3 02152 TABLE 3. 02154

c:;;.;r~ (3) I Source 20
;,,_ Al-5.1Mg-0. 8MnO. 10C r Alloy Al-5. !Mg-0. DMnU.111"r
dle Harxl
Form
Tube, extruded orglngs Pipe For lngs Forging
Form
Corxlltlon
Thickness - ln(wall)
0 Hill
All
H112 H311 -Hili
4
Corxlltlon n ..... ,
Thickness - in 2:
-mlnksl 42 44 42 42- 44
Fru
maxksl 53 - - - - ftu
Fry.
mln-ksl
mln-ksl
41
19
41
19
44
20
42
18
F , mlnksl 19 26 19 25 20
e(21n) or (40).
;,(lin) mIn perrent 16 12 12 12 18(1)
percent 14 12 II> 14
Or 40, D = Diameter of cut-out specimen A tube having certain starxlardlzed comllnatlons ol outside
(I) Specimen from forgings up to maximum section thlcknes"' axis diameter arxl wall thickness commonly designated 1y
of the specimen paral!ell In the direction of grain flow
.. 'lomlal Pipe Size'' and .. ASA (American Standard Association)
Sche<lule Numt.ers ...
Tens!Oe tests are performed and properties are guaranteed only
whe specifically required l:y .purchase order or contract,
3, 02153 Mechanical property limits for sheet and plate, Table
3.02153.
3.02155 Mechanical property limits for extruded rod, bu, shapes
and tube, Table 3. 02155.
TABLE 3 02153 TABLE 3 02155
Source 13 SourcP f20\
I Allnv
IFnrm
Al-5. IMI!O. 8MnO. IOCr
Sheet olate
Allnv
I Form r: ............. ...
AI5.1M2-0. 8MnO.i0Cr

-.:,,
..
Ic;;-ndltlon 0 H321 HJ23 H34J Condition n u "
0.188 0.126 0.625 1.251 0.051 0.051 Thlc>nP.. In :s5.000
Area-so In < 32
Thickness - In o3.000 o0.624 toi.2SO o2.000 tol.OOO ol.OOO
46 44 -.a --,. Flu mln-ksl 31 33 31
Ftu mlnksl 42 46
56 58 63 max-ksl 41 .
max-ksl 53 59 56
36 41 F 1~. mlnksl 12 19 12
mlnksl 19 33 33 31
Fty e( In) or (40)
max-ksl 30 43 43 43 46 l 51
8 a percent 14 12 12
c(2ln)mlnpercent 16 12 12 12
c(2ln)mlnpercent for 0.051 0,125 Ia 6 percent

3. 02156 Mechanical P"Operty limits for sheet and plate, Table

3,02156. .

TABLE 3 02156
I ~nur~
I Allnv Al-5.
120)
1M~~:O.8MnO. IOCr -
~rm ShPP[ nlatl'
Corxlltlon H32l H323 HJ43
0.18810 0.62510 I. 251 to 1.501 to 0.051 to 0,!26 IO 0.051 to 0.126 lo
Thickness In
0.624 l. 250 I. 500 3.000 0.125 0. 246 0. 125 0.249
n1lnksl 46 4(> 44 41 48 48 53 53
Fru 63 ~3
maxksl 59 5~ 56 5~ 58 58
36 41 41
~
mlnksl 33 33 31 29
Fly' 36 46 51 51
max-ksl 46 45 43 43
e(2ln} or (40) percenl 12 12 12 12 ~ 8 ~ 8

CODE 3303
PAGE 3
AIWN NONFERROUS ALLOYS MARCHI965

3. 02157 Mechanical properly limits !or she.:.-t and plate, Table

AI 3.02157.
TABLE 3 02157
5.1 Mg I SNorrP 20
Allov AI-5,1Mg-O. 8Mn-0,10Cr
0.8 Mn Forn Sheer olate
I Candlllon 0
0.10 Cr Thickness - In .!!1!2_
O.OSito I. 501 to 3.00lto S.OO!to 7.001to 0. 750 to 1.5001 to
1.500 3.000 5.000 7.000 8.000 1.500 3.000
5456 Fru mln-ksl 42 41 40 39 38 42 41
Fry.
max-ksl
mlnksl
53
19
52
18 17
-lb -
IS
-19 -
18
e(21n) or (40)
maxk:sl
- percent
30
1n
30
H 14
-
14 12
-
12
-
12

3, 02158 Mechanical property limits !or rod, extruded bar and 3, 02162 Design percent elongation for alloy, Table 3, 02162.
shapes, Table 3, 02!58,
TABLE 3 02!62
Source 19
TABLE 3 02158
AITDV AIS. lt-11!0. BMn-0. !OCr
Source (3
Alloy Form Sheer -iilare
A!-S.IM2-0. BMn-0. IOCr
Form Condition H343
.~od,
bar and shapes (extruded
Thickness - In 0. OS 1-0. 113 0. 114 -0. 249
Condition ~' Hill H112 H311 e percent 6 8
Thickness - In up rhru 5.000
Area sqln up thru 32
ftu, -mlnksl 42

I I 42 42

I
F 1~, -mlnksl 19 44
26 19 25 3,022 Compression. See Table 3.02161.
e( ln)'mln-percen 16 12 12 12 3.0221 Stress-atraln diagrams
3,02211 Stress ... strain curves in compression at room temperature
or 40 !or extrusion, Fig. 3, 02211,
3,023 lmpscr
3. 02159 Mhank:al property limits for strucrural shapes, 3.024 Bending
Table 3. 02159, 3,025 Torsioo and shear, see Tables 3,0213, 3,02142,
3.02143, 3.[12161.
TABLE 3 02!59 3.026 Bearing. &.. Table 3.02161.
Source c~l 3.027 Stress concentration
Allov AIS.1Mg-0, BMn;!: :OCr _ _ 3.0271 Notch properties
Form Strucrur;tl shllrics 3.0272 Fracture toughness
Condlrlon 0 Hill H112 H311 3,028 Combined properties

I I I
Thlcic:nesfl - In All
ftu mlnksl 31 3) 33 3,03 Mechaok:al Properties at Various Temperatures
F 1 , min-ksl 12 34
21 12 20 3,031 Tensloo
e(llnl'aln-percent 14 12 12 12 3.0311 Stress-strain diagrams
3.0312 Et!ect or low and room remperarure 00 tensile properties
or 40 or sheet In Condition H321, Fig. 3.0312.
3,03!3 Effect or low and l!!evared temperature on tensile
3.0216 Design mechanical properties properties or alloy In Condition 0, Fig. 3,0313.
3,02161 Design mechanical properties for sheet, plate and 3,0314 EUect ollow and room temperature oo tensile properties
extrusions, Table 3, 02161. ol sh- In Conditioo H321, Fig. 3. 0314.
TABLE 3 02161
Source 19
1
Allav Al-5. IM2-0. 8Mn-0.!0Cr
I Fnrm Sheer --plate Extruded bar rods and shaoes
Condition 0 H24 H323 H343 H321 0 H112 HJII
I erno ...,. A In' - - - ,; 32
Thickness In 0.051 to 0.051 ro 0. !26 to 0.051 ro 0,250 to 0,625 ro 1.251 to
2.000 0.249 0.249 0.249 0.624 1.250 2.000 .s 5
lila sis A"
Fru ksl L 42 51 48 53 46 46 44 42 42 42
Fry
T
ksl L
42
19
51
39
48
36
53
41
46
33
45
33
43
31
-
19
42
19
42
25
Fey
T
kSI L
19
19
38
38
34
34
39
39
30
30
29
26
28
24
-
19
19
19
23
22
Fsu ksl
T 19
26
39
30
36
28
41
31
33
27
31
27
29
25
- 19
24
24
24
Fhru
(e/0 1.5) 63 74 70 77 67 67 64 - 59 59
Fhry
(e/0 2,0) 84 97 91 101 84 84 80 - 76 76
(ejO 1.5) 32 55 51 58 46 46 43 34 38
e.
(e/0 2.0)
percent
38
16
62
9
58
8
66
(a)
53
12
53
12
so
12
- 34 42
16 12 12
The value listed In the A column are thoe value which the producer has Indicated to be the minimum he expects
for the given material.
(a) Elongation value for rhl column are to be found In Table 3.02121.

CODE 3303
PAGE 4
-..... ,..,;,..
MARCHI965 NONFERROUS ALLOYS AIWN

3.0315 l!ffect of low aad room temperature 011 tensUe properties 4.0112 RadU for various thlclatessea "t", 90 degrees cold bend
of alloy In Condition H343, Fig. 3.0315. for plate, Table 4. OU2,
3.0316 Effect of law aad room temperature on trausverse aad AI
TABLE 4 0112
lOQgltudlnal tensUe properties ol sheer, Fig. 3. 0316.
3.032 Compressl011
Source 5.1 Mg
Alloy A15.1Mgu~u.~-
3,0321 Stress-strain dl.agrams
3.033 Impact
Form !'late 08 Mn
Condition H 321 Ann
3.034 Bending
3.035 Torsion aad shear. See Table 3.021til.
Thickness In 1 4 to 1 O.IOCr
Bead radius 3 toSt I 2 to4t
3.036 Bearing. See Table 3,02161.
3.037 Stress coocemratioo 5456
4.0113 RadU for various thlclcnesses "t", 90 degrees cold bend
3.0371 Notcl1 prcpertles
3.03711 for sheet aad plate, Table 4.0113.
Effect of law aad room temperature 011 tensUe properties
aad no<ch strength ol plate In Condition H321, Fig. TABLE 4 0113
3,03711. Snurce 20)
3.03712 Effect oll..w aad room temperature on nc.:ch Strength
Allov Al5.1MsrO. 8Mn0.10Cr
ratio of welded sheet In Condition H321, F lg. 3. 03712. Form Sheet, plate
3.03713 l!ffect allow aad room temperature on notch strength Condition 0 H321 H323 H343
ratio of plate In Conditions 0, H32.\, l'lg. 3. 03713, In
3.03714 Effect of law aad room temperature on notch Strength
ratio al sheet ID Condition H321, l'lg. 3.03714.
1/16 . . 11-2! Jt-2t
3.03715 1/8 Ot-lt 2t-3t I 1/2t-3t I 1/lt-31
l!ffect of law aad room temperature on notch strength 3/16 1/2111 3t41 l 1/213 1/21 2!41
ratio of alloy iD Condition H343, Fig. 3,113715.
3.03716 l/4 l/21-1! 3t-4t 2t-4t 1/21-4 l/2
TeoaUe and sharp notch properties of oheet at 75, 320 .
/8 l/211 l/2t 3t-4t
3,03717
and 423F, Fig. 3.03716.
Effect allow aad room temperature on !ensUe properties
, '2 l/2t-2t 3t-4t . -
aad notch strength ol plate In Coadltlon 0, I'Jg. 3.03717.
3.0372 Fracture toughness
3,03721 4.012 To avoid stress-corrosion, this alloy should be re
Effect otlaw and elevat<d temperature on fracture
toughness In Condition H343, Fig. 3. 03721. strleted on the amount of permissible Stra!Jt hardening.
3.038 Cambln<d properties
4.02 Macblnlng aod Grlodlng
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties 4.021 Soluble cutting oU can be used for most operations but
a kerose~~e-lard oU mixture Ia rccommendod. Grinding of
3.05 Fatigue Properties edges should be avoided. Tumlng operations should be
3.051 Effect of shot peening, hammer peening or thermal CODliDuous. They appear to be tough aad somewhat
stress relief on fatigue life ollongltudlnal butt welda, difficult. The alloy baa a tendency to give gummy
Fig. 3.051. chips In the soft tempers ami buDd up burrs on tools.
3,052 Effect ol ahot peening, hammer peening or thermal. High spe<11 steel cutting tools are satisfactory. The
stress relief on fetlgue life of longitudinal butt welds, following tolerances are recommended for siJJgle point
Fig. 3.052. tools:
3,053 5-N curve for fusion welded sheet specimen at room 20-50 degree top rake,
and law temperature, Fig. 3. 053. 10-20 degree aide rake
3.054 5-N ~urve for fusion welded sheet specimen at room and 8-10 degree cleorance angle
low ,,..,,.erature, Fig. 3.054.

3.0.:t Elastic Properties operating at high speeds aad fiDe to medium feeds.
3.061 Poisson's ratio. 0.33 ,(18).
3.062 Modulus of elasticity. 10.2 x iol ksl, (19). 4.03 Welding
3,0621 Modulus or elasticity at low ard room temperature, 4.031 The allov can be readll; ,.cldcd by lnen-gna consumable
Fig. 3, 0621. clc<"trode and ln..rtgna ttmgsten arc methods.
3.06Z.: ModUlus of elasticity In compression. 10.4 x io3 ksl, Resistance welding can also be applied. Its high weld
(19). strength makes It a suitable choice for high lltrength
weld<d structures, (1).
3,063 ModUlus of rigidity. 3, 75 x Jol ksl, (18).
3.064 Tangent modulus curves at room temperature for 4.032 Fatigue properties of butt welda, sec Section 3. OS.
4.033 Effect allow aad room temperature on weld strength
extrusion In Condition H311, Fig. 3.064.
ratio ol alloy, Fig. 4. 033,
FABRICATION 4.034 Effect allow aad room temperature on tenaUe properties
and notch strength of weld <II plate In Condition 0, Fig.
4.01 FormabUlty 4.034.
4.011 4.035 Effect of law a ad room temperature on tensile properties
Beading a plate at 2t radius requires about 20 percent
of cold work. and no<ch strength ol weld<ll plnte, Fig. 4. 035,
4.0lll 4.036 Effect allow aad elevated temperature on weld stre~
Radii for various thicknesses "t" 90 degrcaa cold bead
for sheet aad plate, Table 4, 0111. ratio al alloy, Fig. 4. 036,
4.037 Elff!Ct of low and room temperature on tenslle prope:nJes
TABLE 4 Dill
Source and weld strength alaheet, Fig. 4.037.
1". 4,038 llffect of low temperature on tenaUe and notch propentes
Allov AIS.IMJI 1.aMn .I r
Form Sheet and Plale of welded sheet, Fig. 4. 038.
Condition 0 H 321 H323
Thickness ID """"
Radll for various thicknesses t' 4.04 Heat Treatmenr.
1/16 . - It-- .. I t J: t 4.041 Hot forming. 400 to 4SOF, the effects ol cold work
It 2. 3t should be nvolded aa well aa residual stre10e1, (see
1/8 0 ~ - 3~t II - 3 t
3/16 J . It 2. 3t + .3ft 2 4 t
4.042
also 1.05).
Stress relief anneal. 425 to 475F, 4 hour a Is recommended
1/4 2- 3t 2 4 l ~- 4jt
3/8 I
' 1t
2t 3 - 4t . - for good resJstauce to stress corroela.
1/2 I 2t 3 41 . - 4,05 Surface Treatment
90 dcsrec cold bend

CODE 3303
PAGE 5
 AI ~-
20
"'re UY.I ,......,...,.-......,.A:-I--=s~.l~Mg.,..--=-o.-::BM:-;-n-;-o:-,':':lOC=tr
5.1 Mg
2; 1/SIN SHEET
0.8 Mn CONDmO N H321
re"' 10 MEAN COEF LINEAR ~~~~--r----+--.~L
O.JOCr 2; 'IliERMA L EXPANSION
~ I I oT
9 FROM RT TO TEMP
INDICATED
5456 0
-400 0 400 800 12W
TEMP- F
FIG. 2,014 'IliERMA L EXPANSION (3, p. 41)

50
p>;t-S.lM g:O. 8Mn-O. IOCr
EXTRUSIONS
H311 -L
40 --T
TEMP- F

30

7~
/ ~
- FIG. 3.0312 EFFECT OF LOW AND ROOM
TEMPER ATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN
CONDITION H 3al (4, p. 14)

20

10 I
0
v
0 0.004
TENSIO
I
0.008 0,012
60
AI-5.1Mg -G. 8Mn-O. IOCr
WROUGHT
CONDO

STRAIN - IN PER IN
50
FIG. 3.02111 STRESS-STRAIN CURVES IN
TENSION AT ROOM TEMPER A-
TURE FOR EXT:1USIONS (19)
40

SO AI-S.I:>l g-0. 8Mn-0.10 Cr

Eln);!JSI ON
H311
40~-----+------~----4
--L
--T

0 0.004 0.008 0.012

STRAIN - IN PER IN TEMP-F
FIG. 3. 02211 STR Ef.S-STRAI~ CURVES IN FIG. 3.0313 EFFECT OF LOW AND
COMPRESSION AT ROOM ELEVAT ED TEMPERATURE
TEIV.PF.RATURE FOR ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
I!XTRUSION (19) ALLOY IN CONDITION 0
(3, p. 32)

CODE 3303
PAGE 6
 80
A15.1Mg-O. 8Mn-D.l0Cr
l/81N SHEE1
A1-S.1MgO. 8Mn-0.10Cr AI
PLATE

--
CONDH321
_. Fro
CONDH321 5.1 Mg
60 80

~ 1\
0.8 Mn
~ li!
:..: O.IOCr
60
~ "TY
5456
eL ""'
20 oT
40
~ 40 e(2 IN)
0

!e 0 Iii
-400
-- 200
TEMP F
0 200
!z:Ill
0

...gj
20

-400 200 200

FIG. 3.0314 EFFECT OF LOW AND ROOM
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE TEMP- F
PROPERTIES OF SHEET IN FIG. 3.03711 EFFECT OF LOW AND Rro.l
CONDmON H321 (4, p. 16)
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES AND NOTCH
STRENGTH OF PLATE IN
CONDmON H321 (9, p. 7)
100 AIS.IMg-0. SMnO.IOCr
COND H343

~ AlS.1M~rO.
I/81NSHEET
BMnO.lOCr

"~ Fro
a: 1.10
i=
~
CONDH32.1
eL
OT

60
....... !--.....
... e I. 00 l--"'ct-----+-_..,.'4- "*--l
~ :I:

FTY 0.~ ~~~~L_~~~~~

e
.., ~
FIG. 3.03712 EFFECT OF LOW AND ROOM
400 200 0 200 TEMPI!RATURE ON NOTCH
TEMP F STRENGTH RATIO OF WELDED
SHEET IN CONDmON H321 (4.p.16)
FIG. 3.0315 EFFECT OF LOW AND ROOM
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF ALLOY IN
CONDITION H343 (5, p. 102.)

1.0
~
<
IOOr--r-----r-----r--~~~~~~~ ~ a:
A15, !Mg-D. 8MnO, IOCr
0,063 IN SHEET i= 0.9
(MILA-19842) !iIll
80~~~~~~----1------4----~C~ND~H~3~~~
eT
0 L
eo.s
:I:
o
o
H 321

Kt .. l3.5 TO 15

~
(THEORBTICAL)

40
20 400 200 I) 200
!z:Ill e TEMP F
0
a: FIG. 3.03713 EFFECT OF LOW AND ROOM
...
Ill
0
300 -200 100 0 100 TEMPERATURE ON NOTCH
400 STRENGTH RATIO OF PLATE
TEMP F IN CONDmONS 0, H321
(9, p. 12)
FIG. 3.0316 EFFECT OF LOW AND ROOM TEMPERATURE ON
TRANSVERSE AND LONGITUDINAL TENSILE For specimen configuration see
PROPERTIES OF SHEET (16, 1bl. 11)(22)
Fig. 3. 0382.

C.ODE 3303
PAGE 7
 - - - - ...,_ ... ,.,,v

1.
Al-5.1Mg-O, 8Mn-O.U!t:r
AI 1/BINSHE ET
100
Al-5.1Mg~0.8MnO.I0Cr
0 CONDH321
5.1 Mg r:: 0.125 IN SHEET
~ 0,80 ceNDH321
0.8 Mn 80
i5
0.10 Cr 2IZI
~ 0.70
5456 lil
= :.:

~
r < 0.001
0,60 K1., 17 T020
40

-400 -200 ,, 200

TEMP- F
20
FIG. 3.03714 EFFECT OF LOW AND R~
TEMPERATURE ON NOTCH
STRENGnt RATIO OF SHEET
IN CONDmON H321 (4, p. 14)
!iIZI
u 10
0 e.a.L
"'IZI
0. 060T

0
200 0 200
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.03716 TENSILE AND SHARP NOTCH
PROPERTIES OF SHEET AT
75, 320 AND -423F (21)

Al-5.1Mg-O . 8Mn-0,10C r
PLATE
CONDO
Kr-13. 5 TO 15
(TIIEORETICAL
Fro
~ 60~~--.-~~-----~----~

1.00
Al5.1Mg-O. 8Mn0.10C r
COND H343

0 0.90 ./
r::

I
<
"'i5
400 -200 200
2 0.80
IZI
"'Jjj 17 TEMP- F
FIG. 3.03717 EFFECT OF LOW AND R~
J:
/ TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
0,70

...~ NOTCH STR ENGnt

PROPERTIES AND NOTCH
STRENGnt OF PLATE IN
RATIO CONDmON 0 (9, p. 7)
'jK1 = 6.3
0,60
400 -200 0 200
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.03715 EFFECT OF LOW AND R~ TEMPERA
TURE ON NOTCH STRENGnt RATIO
OF ALLOY IN CONDITION H34J
(5, p. 102) r = 0.001
r = 0.001

CODE 3303
PAGE 8
 Al-5. IMg-0. SMnO.IOCr A1-5. l Mg-0. BMn-D. IOCr AI
(_) ...... 0,063 IN SHEET SHEET
19 - (Mn.:,1~984fj
SO CONDH343
5.1 Mg

~
CO H3
0.8 Mn
~ 60~~=-~---4~~~~--
18 :.: 0.10 Cr

e 17
1-a. ~ 5456

~
AXIAL FATIGUE TEST

~
!il
~
w 0 800 11..00 2400 3200
~

16 NUMBER OF CYCLES
eL
Klc FIG. 3.053 SN CURVE FOR FUSION WELDED
oT
SHEET SPECIMEN AT ROCJ.d AND
LOW TEMPERATURE
15 (16, 1. 121, 122)
-400 -300 -200' -100 0 100
Note: Specimen configuration see Fig. 3.054
TEMP- F
FIG. 3.03721 EFFECT OF LOW AND EI...BVATI!D TBMPBRA11JRE
ON FRAC11JRE TOOOHNBSS OF SHEET IN
COI'DmON H343 (16, Thl. 11)

-5.1Mg-O. SMn-0.1 r
CONDH 321 1
60 STRESS RATIO= r.o ---+----1
e
I
HAMMER PEENED
I
SHOT PEBNBD
40 FAILURE OIJISIDE TEST SBCTI
NO FAILURE
-ASWELDI!D
-THERMALLY Sl"RESS RE

NltdBER OF CYCLES AXIAL FATIGUE e RT JOINT

20 TEST A -320
FIG. 3,051 EFFECT OF SHOT PEENING, NO.2
, -423
HAMMER PEENING OR THERMAL
STRESS REL.1EF ON FATIGUE LIFE 0 800 1600 2400 3200
OF LONGITUDINAL BIJIT WELDS NUMBER OF CYCLES
(15, 1. 103)
FIG. 3. 054 SN CURVE FOR FUSION WELDI!D
SHEET SFBCIMEN AT R<XN AND LOW
TBMPBRATURB (16, p. 121,122)

A1-5.1Mg-O. SMnO.IOCr
0.063 IN SHEET
CONDH343
MILA19842

!il 2 .\

i )~f\.
.~~J---~~~~--- -
.... E -~--._ ~
0 T I ---c.
NUMBER OF CYCLES 10 L---400L---_~300-----200L-----1~00------0L-----l~OO

FIG. 3. OS 2 EFFECT OF SHOT PEENING, HAMMER TEMP F

PEENING OR THERMAL STRESS RELIEF
ON FATIGUB LIFE OF LONGrrtJOINAL FIG. 3.0621 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY AT LOW AND ROGd
(15, p. 103) TI!MPERA11JRE (16, p. 200201)(22)
BtriT WELDS

CODE 3303
PAGE 9
 50
AI-5.1Mg-O. 8MnO. IOCr
AI EXTRUSION
80 AI-5.1MgO. 8MnO.I0Cr
WELDED PLATE
H311 GOND O Kt-13.5 TO 15
5:1 Mg (THEORETICAL)
40
0.8 Mn -L
--T
O.IOCr

5456 Iii
30
'',' 1---
.... .... ~
"' 20
.....
.....
',
10

0 L-_-400.L----200.1.----'o--~200~
0
0 "004 0.008 0.012 TEMP F

;:,'TKAIN IN PER IN FIG. 4.034 EFFECT OF LOW AND ROG.I

TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
FIG. 3.064 TANGENT MODULUS CURVES PROPERTIES AND NOTCH STRENGTH
AT ROG.I TEMPERATURE OF WELDED PLATE IN CONllTION 0
FOR EXTRUSION IN CONDITION (9, p. 7)
H311 (19)

20
TEMPF
~
Dl 20
FIG. 4.033 llFFECT OF LOW AND ROG.I
u
TEMPERATURE ON WELD STREf\CTH ..:
Dl
RATIO OF ALLOY (9, p. 12) 0..

0
400 200 0
u.sos
TEMP- F

~~~ FIG. 4. 035 EFFECT OF LOW AND RC>CI>I

~ ~
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES AND NOTCH
STRENGTH OF WELDED
PLATE (9, p. 7)

CODE 3303
PAGE 10
 MAI'I\.MI:JO:;J

1.0
\ AI-5.1Mg-O. 8Mn-0.10Cr AI

-
' CONDH321, 0
..n. 5.1 Mg
0.9
i5i5 0.8 Mn.
~~
~~~~
If,- O.IOCr
~-'I
0.8
UNNOTCHED 5456
&l~
9:::e
~~~~ 0.7
t' e H 321
0 0
Kt-13.5 TO 15 -
"'I::ll
0:
(THEORETICAL)
I
TEST

~
0.6 -423F (LIQUID HYDROO~~
-320F (LIQUID NITROOEN}
RT
-400 -200 0 200
TEMP- F
FIG. 4.036 EFFECT OF LOW AND ELEVATED
TEMPERATURE ON WELD STRE~nl
RATIO OF ALLOY (9, p. 12)

For specimen configuration see TEMP- F

Fig. 4.033.
FIG. 4.038 EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON
TENSILE AND NOTCH PROPERTIES
OF WELDED SHEET (21)

100
AI-5.1Mg-O. 8Mn-0.10Cr
0.103 IN SHEET
cot-m
H24

li! 80.
:.:

60

40
20
!5tJ
.
gj
0
-400 -200 0 200
TEMP-F
FIG. 4.037 EFFECT 01' LOW AND ROOM
TEMPERATURE ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES AND WELD
STRENGTH OF SHEET
(12, 1bl. 1)

CODE 3303
PAGE II
 AI
.....,)
5.1 Mg
0.8 Mn
0.10 Cr

5456

REFERENCES

"Aluminum 5456," Alloy Digest, Flllng Code: Al-70,

(September 1958)
2 "The Aluminum Data Book," Reynolds Metals Co., (1958)
3 "Alcoa Aluminum Haudbook," Aluminum Company of
America, (1962)
4 Campbell, J. B., "Review of Current Data on the Tensile
Properties of Metals at Very Low Temperatures," DMIC
Report 148, Battelle Memorial lnst., (February 14, 1961)
5 Christian, J.L., Chafiey, J.F., Hurllch, A., Watson,
J. F., and Wltzell, W, B., "Structural Alloys for
Cryogenic Service," General Dynsmlcs Corp.,~
Progress, Vol. 83, No, 3, (March 1963)
6 "Alcoa Aluminum Specifications," Aluminum Company
of America, Product Data, Uuly 1, 1963)
7 "Compilation of Unpublished Materials Information, "
Republic Aviation Corporation, (March 31, 1962)
8 "Report AB 6201383 Compilation of Materials Research
Data, '" General Dynsmlc Astronautics, (March 1962)
9 Rice, L. P., Campbell, J,B. and Simmons, W.F.,
"Tensile Behavior of Parent Metals and Weldeci 5000
Series Aluminum Alloy Plate at Room and Cryogenic
Temperatures," The Aluminum Association, Battelle
Memorial lnst., (August 17, 1961)
10 Pieper, B. M., "MIG Welding of Aluminum-Magnesium
Alloy 5456, " McDonnell Aircraft Corporation, (Oct
ober 10, 1962)
11 Campbell, J, B., "Review of Recent Developments,
Evaluation of Special Metal Properties, " DMIC,
(December 20, 1963)
12 Campbell, J, E., "Review of Recent Developments In
the Evaluation of Special Metal Properties, " DMIC Memo
112, Uune 27, 1961)
13 Campbell, J, E., "Review of Recent Developments In the
Evaluation of Special Metals Properties, " DMIC Memo
94, (March 28, 1961)
14 Jacobs, F., "Mechanical Properties of Materials Fab
rlcated by Shear Forming," ASDIDR-62830,
(February 1963)
IS Nordmark, G. E., "Peening Increases Fatigue Strength of
Welded Aluminum, '" Alcoa Research Laboratories,
Metal Progress, Vol. 84, No. 5, (November 1963)
16 Christian, J, L., "Physical and Mechanical Properties!
of Pressure Vessel Materials for Applications In a
Cryogenic Environment," ASDIDR-62258, (March
1962)
17 "Aluminum and Its Alloys - Wrought," Materials In
Design Bnglneerlng, Materials Selector Issue,
(MidO:tober, 1964)
18 "Properties and Selection of Metals, " Metals Handbook,
Vol. 1, 8th Edition, ASM, (1961)
19 Military Handbook, "Metallic Materials and lllements
for Flight Vehicle Structure.&,"' MILHDBKS,(August
1962)
20 "Standards for Aluminum Mill Products 1964," The
Aluminum Association, Seventh Edit., (October 1964)
21 Hanson, M.P. et al., "Sharp-Notch Behavior of Some
High Strength Sheet Aluminum Alloys and Welded
Joints at 75, 320 and 423F,"Proceedlngs, Am. Soc.
Test Materials, Vol. 60, (1960)
22 Yang, C. T., "Cryogenic Temperature Dependence of
the Yield Strength of High Strength Alloys," General
Dynsmlcs Astronautics, t<> be presented at ASME
Meeting In Uune 1965)
-<;,

CODE 3303
PAGE .:r "-
12
'(_}o>
 ABBREVIATIONS

a One half notch section dimension, one da

half of notch length at instabillty (See dil Crack growth rate
Appendix C) lla. Dl.an:eter
A Area of cross section Db! Double
A Angstrom unit d-e Direct current
AI Temperature of the eutectoid trans- deg Degree (s)
formation of austenite to ferrite plus Deox Deoxidized
cementite (I) DPH Diamond pyramidal hardness (Vickers)
Aa Temperature of transformation of ferrite Dill Difierent, difference
to austenite (I)
AB Air blast e Elongation in percent - gage length given
Acl Temperature at which austenite begins in () following e
to form during heating (I) E Modulus of elasticity in tension
Aca Temperature at which transformation of EB Electron beam
ferrite to austenite Is completed during E Modulus of elasticity in compression
heating (I) elD Ratio of edge distance to bole diameter
Ael Aea Ae4 Temperature of phase changes at (bearing test)
equlllbrium (3) Elev Elevated
a-c Alternating current Es Secant modulus
AC Air cool Et or ET Tangent modulus
Fmax -Fmin Ratio of alternating stress to mean stress eV Electron volt - the energy required to
A= transfer an electron through a one volt
Fmax+Fmin in fatigue
potential difference
Ait Alternating
Exp Exposure, expansion
AMS Aerospace Material Specifications
Ann Annealed
F Degree (s) Fahrenheit
ao lnitial half notch length (See Appendix C)
f( subscript) Fatigue
Approx Approximate
a Fait Fatigue alternating stress
Q Value-size parameter Fb Bending modulus of rupture, bend strength
Fbf Bending fatigue strength
Arl Temperature at which transformation of
austenite to ferrite or to ferrite plus Fbru Bearing ultimate strength
cementite is completed during cooling (2) Fb Bearing yield stress
Temperature at which austenite begins to relY Face centered cubic
Ara
transform to ferrite during cooling (2) FC Furnace cool
Ar4 Temperature at which austenite transforms Fey Compressive yield stress
to delta ferrite during heating; the reverse Fmr Fatigue mean stress
process occurs during cooling (2) Fmax Fatigue maximum stress
ATM Atmosphere Fmin Fatigue minimum stress
......... AUST Austenltize Fst Torsion modulus of rupture
Avor Avg Average Fstf Torsion fatigue strength
Fsty Torsion yield strength
b (subscript) Bending Fsu Shear ultimate stress, shear strength
bee Body centered cubic Ftr Tensile fatigue strength
BHN Brinell hardness number Ftu Tensile ultimate stress, tensile strength
Bns Barns F Tensile yield stress, tensile yield strength
br(subscript) Bearing n\ Foot pound (s)
Btu British thermal unit (s) Full harden Fully hardened
Btu per (lb F) British thermal units per pound per
degree Fahrenheit Jc Strain energy release rate (critical)
Btu ft per (hr sq ft F) British thermal units feet per hour per G Modulus of rigidity
square foot per degree Fahrenheit gr per cu em Grams per cubic centimeter
BWQ Boiling water quench GS Grain size
GTA Gas tungsten arc
c Degree(s) Centigrade
c(subscript) Compression, compressive Hard Harden
C Red Cold reduced HAZ Heat ...Uected zone (weldments)
C Swag Cold swaged hcp Hexagonal close pack
Carb Carburized HeC Helium cooled
CD Cold drawn HF Hot finished
CF Cold finished hr Hour
ega Centimeter-gram-second (system) HR Hot rolled, hour
~ Center line HT Heat treat
em Centimeter HtNo Heat number
Coer Coefficient HW Hot worked, bot rolled
Comm Commercially
Cond Condition (s) lACS International annealed copper standards
cpm Cycles per minute ID Inside dismeter
cps Cycles per second IE Impact energy, Impact strength
cph Cycles per hour in Inch (es)
CR Cold rolled lncomp Incomplete
cu Cubic inlb Inch pound (s)
cucm Cubic centimeter (s) lnd Induction
curt Cubic foot (feet) INDIO Indicated
cu in Cubic inch (es) Invest Investment
cw Cold worked lpm Inch per minute
CVM Consumable vacuum melt
K Stress intensity factor (see Appendix C);
D Diameter stress concentration factor

APPENDIX A
 Kc(nom) Value of Kc based upon initial crack length r Radi~ts
Kc Measure of fracture touglmess at point of RA Reduction In area, Rockwell bAtdr.esu ;
crack growtb instabillty (see Appendix C) scale
Value of Kc for center notch specimen RAC Rapid air cool
based upon computations with measured RB Rockwell hardness B Scale
crack length a Rc Rockwell hardness C Scale
Value of Kc for edge-notch specimen rd Round
based upon computations wth measured RE Rare earths (used in cbemlcal com-
crack length a positions), Rockwell hardness E scale
Kca Value of Kc for center notch specimen R =F min/Fmax Ratio of minimum stress to maximum
based upon computations with estimated stress In fatigue
crack length from So and percent shear REF RIG Refrigerated, refrigeration (cooled to
Kc4 Value of K for edge-notch specimen based low tetupuratures)
0
upon computations with estimated crack Reann Roannealed
length from So and percent shear Recrys Recrystallized
Kr Fatigue notch factor Red
KHN
&'ductlon, reduced
Knoop hardness number Rev Reveme (d)
Kt Initial stress intensity RH Relative hlilllldity
Kn Conditional result used to establish a RMS Surface finish (Root-mean-squl \re
valid Klc value deviation from mean surface, expreased
Krc Plane strain fracture touglmoss In micro-inches (0. 000001 In or square
~ A conditional result root of mean surface)
ksi Thousand pounds per squr.ro Inch Rot Rotating
Kt Theoretical elastic stre~s concentration rpm Revolutions per minute
factor RT Room temperature
Kw Y.llowatt r/t Bond !actor - radius of bend/thlclmess
or material
L I.ongitudlnal
lb Pound s(suhscript) Sucant, sbear
lb per cu in Pounds per cubic inch SA Solution anneal
LT Long transverse (same 88 transverse) sc Sand cast
M Bending :nomunt sec Second
m(subscript) Mean Sect Section
Max Maximum s-N S =Stross, N =Number of cycles
l\feV One million electron volte Spec Specification, Specimen
Me Temperature at which transformation SPT Spring temper
of austenite to martensite Is completed SQ Salt quench
during cooling (Z) sqcm Square centimeter (s)
MIL Milltary sq ft Square foot (feet)
Min Minimum, Min"te sq in Square Inch (es)
Ms Temperature at which transformation ST Solution treat, short transverse
of austenite to martensite starts Std Standard
during cooling (2) Sym Symmetry
jl (mu) Poisson's Ratio, microns unit
T Sbort transverse, at right angles to the
Nom Nominal lengthwise axis of the specimen and the
Norm Normallzo, normal sbortest transverse dimens!on of the
NSR Notched strength ratio (NTS/FTu) matcrinl, Transverse, Temperature - F
NTS ~otched tensile strength (tensile strength t(suhscript) Tangent, tensile
of noi:ched speclm:ns) t Thickness, thne-hr
nVI. Integrated neutron flux (neutrons/ cm2 Tang Tangential
/sec/time) Temp Temperature
typ Typical
OD Outside diameter
OQ Oil quench u(E:uhscript) Ultimate
UNIDIR Unidirectional
Perm Permanent
pll The negative logarithm of the hy'drogen v V sbaped notch
!on activity. It denotes tb.u degree of Vac Vacuum
acidity or basicity of a SQ!ution at 25 e, Vac Ann Vacuum annealed
seven Is the neutral valuE<. Acidity Var Variallle
incre:.ses with decreasing values below VHN VIckers bnrdnesa number
seveL,, httsfulty incroll8ns with lnerell8lng VPN VIckers d! amond pyramid hardness
valu~tl M\lvo sevP.n. number
PMC Permanoot mold cast
ppm Paris per million w Width, Transverse, at right a.ngles to the
Prec Precision lengthwtse axis or the a~imen
w Density, s~lfic weight
Pt Point
PWA WQ Water qu~nch
F"st weld Mh...al
y(subscrlpt) Yield
Q Yr Year (s)
Kr-1 ). Ught wave length
q = Kt-1 Notch sensitivity Index (fatlb'UC)
QMV Powder made from Q. T. pebble with an REFERENCES
!nturmed!ato vacuum annealing I. Definition ta!-.cn from "Engineering Metallurgy" by
L. F. Mundolfo ;md 0. Zmeskal, (1955)
2. Definition taken !ro:n "Metals Handbook", (1948 and 1961) \ ......,......./
R Longitudinal, parallel to the lengthwise 3. United States Steel Co., "Atlas of isothermal Transformation
uxis of the specimen Diagrams", (1951}

APPENDIX A
 REVIS:0 : DECEMBER 1969 APPENDIX B.
GLOSSARY OF HEATING AND HEAT TREATING TERMS
\_) Age bardenillg Same 88 precipitation hardening.
Aging
(a) General. Any change In properties
with time at room or elevated tempera-
tures.
(b)Speclflc. Same as precipitation
hardenillg.
Air cooling
(a) General. Cooling from elevated
temperature In air.
(b) Specific (used here). Cooling from
an elevated temperature In still air, or
In moving air, If necessary for the
purpose of developing desired proper-
ties.
Air cooling, rapid
Cooling In air moved by means of !ans.
Air quenching
Same 88 air cool, rapid (not used here).
Air hardening steel A !err1tlc steel that becomes fully or
partly martensltlc and correspondin gly
hard on air cooling from a temperature
above the transformati on range.
Anneal (anneallng)
Any heating cycle which serves to
soften the alloy or to eliminate or re-
duce the effects of cold work, or pre-
vious heating cycles.
Anneal, full
(a) General. A heating procedure
which leads to maximum softness,
ductlllty and formability.
(b) Specific. Heating of ferrltlc steels
above the critical temperature range
followed by su.UlclenUy slow cooling to
produce the softest perlitlc condltlcon.
Anneal, Isothermal Heating of a ferrltlc steel to a partly
or fully austenitic structure, followed
by cooling to and holding at a tempera-
ture that causes transformati on of the
austsnlte to a relatively soft ferrite
and carbide structure.
Anneal, process Same as anneal, aul>crltical.
Anneal, spheroldlzln g A heating cycle which produces In a
ferrltlc steel a spheroldlztld struct\lle
characterize d by maximum softness
and ducUllty.
Anneal, stabilizing Heating at a temperature which results
In a structure less liable to be affected
by other heating and cooling cycles.
Anneal, strass relief
(a) General. An anneal wi'lch removes
or reduces residual stresses retained
after forming, heat treatlni, welding
or machining.
(b) Specific, An anneal at rather low
temperature s for the primary purpose
of reducing residual stresses, without
matsrlally affecting other JYI'Operlies.
Anneal, suborltical Healing of a !erritlc stsel at a tempera-
ture .::lo~v to but below th" lower trans-
formation temperature In order to sort-
en t!le stsel.
Anneal, vacuum or Anneallng In vacuum or lner~ I!T<S
!nert gu This procedure In generally rE'qulrtd
~or successful annealing of titanium
and refractory metals and alloys.
Artillclal aging Aging at elevated temperature s.
Aus!ormtng A process whereby certain martensltlo
steels are strengthened by the deforms-
tlon of austenite, which Ia maintained
In a metastable condition below Its
recrystalliza tion temperature .
Austemperln g Heat treating a ferrltlc steel by aust-
enllizlng, cooling su.UlclenUy fast to
retain the austenite to a temperature
above the martensite range and holding
at this temperature until the transfor-
mation Ia complete, resulting In so-
called Intermediate transformati on
products, e. g. Bainite.
Austenite conditioning Healing steel at such a tempernture
that relatively stable austenite Is de-
pleted of carbon a.xl thereby rendered
susceptible to transformati on at some
lower tsmperature .
Austenltlzlng Forming austenite from ferrite and
carbide by heating a steel above the
upper(alpha- gamma)trana formntlon
temperature , A3 (this term as used
here also Includes the cooling method
required for full hardening of the steel).
Burning (a) General. Causing permanent
damage by overheating an alloy.
{b) Specific. Overheating to a tempet-
ature which produces Incipient melting
of one or more phases leading to em-
brltUement.
Cold treating Cooling to subzero temperature , used
for various purposes, but primarily
to promote transformati on or austenite.
Cooling (a) General. Any door.,ase in temp-
erature.
(b) Specific. Reducing Ue tempera-
ture of the metal In a gaseous environ-
ment, rather than quenching.
Equalizing Special Intermediate heat treatment
which assists In developing desired
properties.
Exposure Heating to an elevated temporature
for a certain period of time.
Full anneal See anneal, full.
Fully hardened Applies generally to the maximum
hardness obtainable (In particular,
applies to materials that arc hardened
by a strain and/or age hard enlng
process).
Hardenablllt y The ablllty of an alloy to harden fully
throughout the entire section thickness.
The maximum thickness at which this
may be accompllahod can be used as a
measure or hardenablllty . It ts a
function of tho alloy content.
Hardening (a) General. Increasing the hardness
of a product or a part by a suitable
process.
(b) Specific. Increasing the hardness
by austenltlzlng , suitable cooling and,
If necessary, tempering.
Heat treating (a) General. Any combination of
(heat treatment) heating and cooling operations atmed
at cbang!ng the properties of an alloy.
(b) Specific. A combination of heating
and cooling cycles, other than anneal-
Ing, In order to Improve certain prop-
erties.
 GLOSSARY OF HEATING AND HEAT TREATING TERMS

Homogenizing Annealing or soaking at very high granular corrosion. The condition Is

temperatures In order to reduce alloy
segregation by diffusion.
Isothermal anneal See anneal, Isothermal.
Hot cold working Working at elevated temperatures such
that llmited strain hardening will
result.
Maraging (process) A thermal treatment which causes a
complex precipitation hardening re-
action to occur In the very low carbon
martensltlc matrix of 18-25 percent
nickel steels containing cobalt and
molybdenum. The reaction occurs
upon reheating the matrix in the vlcl-
nit"/ of 900F.
Maraging (steel) A class of steels which respond to
the maraglng treatment.
Marstralning A process whereby certain steels'
yield strengths can be raised without a
reduction In ductility by the application
of small ruuo~mts of plastic strain to
previously quenched and tempered
alloys followed by a re-temper or
aging treatment.
Martempering* Quenching an austenitlzed fP.rrous
alloy In a medium at a temperature In
the upper part of the martensite range,
or sllgbtly above that range, and hold-
Ing it In the medium until the tempera-
ture throughout Uie alloy Is substan-
tlelly uniform. The alloy Is then
allowed to cool In air through the mar-
tensite range.
Natural aging Precipitation hardening at room temp-
erature.
Normalizlng !!eating of a ferrltlc steel above the
transformation range, followed by
cooling In still air.
usually formed by heating the steel
above 80j)F and coollng slowly, e. g.
welding.
Soaking Extended heating at a high temperature
which serves either to Insure uniform
temperature distribution or to produce
homogenizing.
Solution treating Heating an alloy to a suitable tempera-
(solution beat treating) ture, holding at that temperature long
enough to allow one or more constitu-
ents to enter Into solld solution, and
then cooling rapidly enough to hold the
constituents In the supersaturated,
unstable state.
Spheroldlzlng anneal See anneal, spheroldlzlng.
Stablllzlng, See anneal, stabilizing.
stabilizing anneal
stress rellef Stress rsllef oithur by anneallng or
by mechanical methods.
Stress rsllef anneal See anneal, stress relief.
Subcritlcal anneal See anneal, subcritlcal.
Supersaturated solld An unstable solid solution containing
solution a solute In excess of Its equlllbrlum
solubility. n Is usually obtained by
fast coollng from a temperature whe~e
the solld solution was stable Into a
pbase region where the excess solute
tends to form another phase (~eo
precipitation).
Tempering Part of the heat treatment of a steel,
usually following hardening or normal-
~zlng, that consists of heating at a
~mperature below tho eutectold ttans-
formatlon temperature.

Ovsrheating Heating to a temperature that oauaes

Wide sired changes In an alloy, which
may be removed by reheat treating
and/or working.

Precipitation The formation of a new phase by cool-

Ing a solld solution to the supersatur-
ated state and allowing the super-
saturated solution to partially return
to equllJbrium by the formation of a
less conoentrated solld solution and a
new phase.

Precipitation hardening Hardening of an alloy by precipitation.

Process anneal Soe anneal, process.

Quenching Rapid ooollng lr.f Immersion or spray-

Ing with a Uquld medium or contact
with a solld.

Recryatalllzed A large grain structure obtained by

beating above the reorystalUzatlon
temperature of previouely cold worked
metals.

Refrigerating SaJDe as cold treating, or holding

solution treated alloy at a low tempera-
ture, In order to prevent natural aging.

Sensitizing Developing 11. condition, In stainless Detlnltlon taken trom "Metals Handbook," Vol. I, 8th Edition
steels, which ls susceptible to Inter- (1981)

APPENDIX B
 REVISEDMA RCH 1968 APPENDIX
EFFECTS OF NOTCHES AND CRACKS
ON STATIC STRENGTH
By W. F. Brown, Jr.
What follows Ia a cllacusslon of the various types of data reported In
this Handbook that are derived from testa on notched or cracked
specimens. The primary objective Is to descrt.lle the means of re-
presentation employed and to proVide certain cautlo11a regarding the
engineering lntel'!'retatlon or these kinds or data.
Static notch strength data have been incorporated Into this Handbook
since Ita inception, although, as will be discussed, It has rather
limited practical usefulness. Starting In 1962 efforts were made to
include strength data from specimens containing natural cracks or
very sharp machined notches Intended to simulate the behavior of
crack&. The fracture toughness values K and K Ic derived from
0
various types of specimens were also frequently included. This In-
formation represented attempts to measure Important Indices of
fracture behavior at the same time the research need to precisely
define these quantities was underway. This research, which Is
still continuing, has developed a better understanding of the limi-
tations of elastic fracture mechanics and the procedures necessary
to measure fracture toughness values. It has therefore been
necessary to change the be.sis for selection of fracture toughness
data reported In this Handbook. In pariicular, the so-eo.lled plano
stress fracture toughness K has been shown to need a more
0
precise definition In terms of the experimentally measured quan-
tltles(l). For those reasons K values are not reported In the new
0
alloy chapters and will be removed from existing chapters during
revision.
NQTCH 8TRENGTH
Two typos of notch data are considered In the Handbook presentat-
ions. Data rrom specimens having extremely sharp notches Intend-
ed to simulate the action of crack& and data from more "mildly"
notched specimens Intended to show the Influence of stress concen-
trations such as might be represented by threads fillets or holes.
The representation and ur of sharp notch data Is discussed In the
next section on ''Crack Stre,gth Data" The data from mildly notch-
ed specimens Is most generally represented In terms of notch
strength (maximum load diVided by the Initial load supporting cross
sections) but sometimes includes the notch ductility (based on the
ratio between notch cross-sectional aroa) at fracture to the Initial
notch cross-sectional area). Frequently also the ratio between
the notch strength and the ultimate tensile or yield strength Is given
and designated as the notch tensile or yield strength ratio.
When presenting strength data from notch tests It has been customary
to use the theoretical elastic stress concentration "t as character-
Izing pertinent features of the notch geometry. However, the Kt
value Is a function only of dimensionless ratios ar.d therefore the
same stress concentration can be obtained from specimens of
different absolute size. Because the fracture strength can be a
function of specimen slu the elastic stress concentration factor Is
not an adequate description of nolch specimen geometry. There-
fore, representations or notch data In this Handbook will whenever
possible Include the periinent dimensions of the specimen as well
as tho Kt value.
The reader should observe certain precautions when using nolch
data. These data cannot be used to determine load carrying cap-
acity In service unless there Is a one-to-<Jne correspondence
between the slu and geometry of the service component and the
notch specimen. The notch strength of different alloy conditions may
be compared on a relative basis only II the notch specimens used
are of the same size and notch geometry. While a comparison of
smooth and notch strength for a given alloy may give eome Idea of
the effecta of etress concentration, Information obtained for one
notch geometry and epecimen slu cannot be used to Judge the re-
aponae of the material to a different notch geometry or specimen
size.
For these reasona data from mildly notched speclmena has boon
given only a limited amount of attention In the Handbook.
c
CRACK STRENGTH
As Is now widely recognized, the load carrying capacity or struc-
tures made or high strength alloys Ia often determined not by the
resistance to gross dl~torilon (general yielding) but by the resis-
tance to crack propagation which may occur at stresses well below
the uniaxial yield strength.
The Information obtained from testa Cl! mildly notchtld specimens
generally cannot be Interpreted In terms of the effects of cracks or
crack-like flsws on the strength. Foi th1s reason specimens con-
taining cracks or extremely sharp nolches are used to evaluate
crack ;.ropagatlro ;~t.,tance.
Symmetrically cracked Specimens
Data from symmetrically cracked specl!nens loaded In tenelon Is
represented In terms of the crack strength, or under special
circumstances discussed In the last section, r.a fracture toughness
values. The crack strength Is defined as the maximum load divided
by the initial uncracked area of the specimen. Center cracked or
double edge cracked plate specimens are generally used to deter-
mine the crack strength of flat rolled products. Circumferentially
no\.ched and fatigue cracked round bars are '!lao employed to deter-
mine crack strength, pariicularly of heavy s'ecuons. Frequently,
a very sharp nolch (notch radlus<O. 0011nch) Is used to simulate
the action of a crack In double edge notched plate or circumfer-
entially notched round specimens. The strength values from such
specimens are designated as the sharp notch strength. Stendard 3-
lnch wide center cracked and double edg~ sharply notched sheet
specimens are doacrlbed In an ASTM Recommended Practice for
Sharp Notch Tension Testing of lllgh Strength Sheet Materlais< 2l.
This Recommended Practice should be studied as an aid to Inter-
pretations of crack strength or sharp notch strength data from
plate or sheet specimens. Methods for conducting testa with sharp-
ly nolched cylindrical specimens are discussed In the 4th Report of
ASTM Commitlce E-24 on Fracture Testing of Metals(3).
The ratio between the crack strength or the sharp notch strength
and tho yield strength Is a useful Indicator of the c"ack propagation
resistance of materials under static loading providing the following
conditions are fulfilled: (I) !.his ratio Is less than unity for plate
specimens and less than about I. 2 for notched round bo.ra, (2) thP
thickness tested Ia tho same as that employed In service, and (3l
comparisons between different material conditions are made using
the same size specimen.
The crack propagation of aircraft skin alloys Is frequently judged
by means of tension tests on wide panels containing narrow central
slots or slots terminating In fatigue cracks. An alloy Is character-
Ized by a plot of so-ealled "residual strength" as a function of crack
length. The residual atrength Is generally taken as the gross fract-
ure strength of the panel (maximum load divided by the gross aea).
Various methods have been proposed to .:orrelate auch data witt,
the object of pre<'Jo:tlng ihe dependence of residual strength on cl:10Ck
length from teats on specimens or a single c:rack length. Some
rormulatlons also Involve the smooth tensile properiies or the
material. A review of these methods has been made by Broek(4).
E'ssentlally they amount to curve fitting procedures and the parti-
cular one chosen would depend to a large extent on the appllcatlon
at hand. For this reason these correlating methods are not used
In this Handbook and residual strength data are presented either
directly or In the form or the nolch strength.
In addition, to the commonly employed crack teata discussed above,
ao-ealled tear tests are aomeUmes uaed to evaluate the crack pro-
pagation reslatanne or sheet materlo.l. The specimen may be either
centrally notched or edge notched and Ia tested In tension. The
notches are either fatigue crack tipped or are very sbarp(5)(6).
The energy for crack propagation Is derived from a load deformation
(head moven1ent) curve and this value divided by the net area Ia
reported as the Unit Propagation Energy. Testa of th1s type are
often uaed to evaluate tough oheet o.lloya of relatively low yield
strength. However, the propagation energies are often difficult to
Interpret and are not clearly related to the strength values derived
from the more commonly employed crack opecimena. For this
reason tear teot Information 11 not genero.lly reported In this Hand-
book.
APPENDIX C
PAll! I
 APPENDIX
::!urfacc Crack Specimens
Sen1ce failures are frequently found to originate from cracks that
penetrate pnrt way through the thickness of a component. For this
rt'nson surface crack plate tpeclmens are often employed to simul-
ate tht> wea!~cning effect of this type of flaw. Those plate tension
specimens flrt suggested by Strawley(7) contain a fatigue induced
somlclllptical crack, perpendicular to the plate surface Wid extend-
ing part way through the thickness. The elllptlclty depends some-
what on the depth but generally the length of these cracks Is about
three to !cur times the depth. Depending on the application, the
ratio of depth to plate thickness may vary from a small fraction to
as high us 0. B. A particular material condition 1E characterized by
a plot of crack strength (in this case based on the gross section
area) as a function of some meusure of crack size. The purpose
of such n plot Is to estimate the weakening effect of cracks of
various sizes or to estimate the size of crack that might cause
failure at some stress level of interest.
AnY interpretation of surface crack do.tn should take the following
factors into account. Not all sen1ce failure origins are seml-
elllplticalin shape, some of them being quite Irregular. The weak-
ening effect of a surface crack of a given depth increases with Its
lengih. This effect of shape colnplico.tes the representation of sur-
race crack data Wid It would be desirable to have a single "crack
size" index that incorporates thts shape effect. Except possibly
for very brittle materials, there Is no completely satisfactory
index. A widely used procedure Is bused on an approximate clastic
crack stress Malysls of the semle!Uptical crack given by Irwtn(8).
The crack size In this Malysls Is represented by a!r/J2 where
n,2 __
'f' iT~ . /[V 1 _ c2 -a2
c2
] Stn2 9 d9
with. c being the half crack length and a the crack depth. Values
of q; 2 can be obtained from tables of elliptical Integrals or from
reference (9). Some Investigators prefer to Incorporate a crack
Up plsstlc zone correction Into the crack size index Wid ex1>ress
the crack size us a/Q whore
~t/]
2 Part 31, May 1967, p. 945.
Q =[ - 0.212
with c1 being the gross stress of the specimen at failure. This Is
a highly approximate correction to rh 2 that Is In most cases rather
small. For thea~ reasons plots In lhts HMdbook generally show
as a function of a/(/; 2 rather than a/Q.
While tho Interpretation of surface crack strength data requires
considerable experience, this test has proven very useful In model-
Ing the typo of flaw frequently encountered In service and permitt-
Ing estimates of crlticul flaw sizes without resort to a fracture
mechMics analysis. As will be discussed In tho next section, the
test Is particularly valuable where the thickness of the component
may be Insufficient to permit an analysis by linear clastic fracture
mechMics.
PLANE STRAIN FRACTURE TOUGHNESS
The I<Jrn1 fracture toughness Is used In this handbook to dcslgnato:
an Index of static crack propagation resistance that Is obtained by
testing specimens containing cracl::. and which Is Invariant In re-
spect to specimen size and the manner of applying the external
loads. The basis for such WI Index has been the linear elastic
crack stress Malysls approach suggested by lrwtn(IO). This
B!Jproach directs attention to the elastic stress singularity at tho
crack tip which Is characterized by the stress Intensity factor K,
whore K Is a function of tho applied load, crack size and geometry
of the specimen containing the crack. Fracture Is assumed to
occur when K reaches a critical value. Thls concept has proven
very useful !<> fracture testing and design analysis but Is somewhat
more Umt~ :n Ita application than was first thought.
These limltnUc:>ns are discussed In a recent publication by Brown
and Srawloy (11). They arise because K Is derived from a two-
dimensional iJnear elastic Wlnlysla Wid then used to characterize
the fracture be'aavlor of three-dimensional real materials that
often exhibit substantial amounts of plastic flow In the region of
the crack tip. However, It has been shown(!!) that If this region
APPENDIX C
PAGE 2
c REVISED MARCH 1968
of plsstlc disturbance Is small In comparison with tho crack length
and other specimen dimensions (sometimes called a situation of
' . _,/
small scale yielding), crack propagation will occur at a critical
value of the stress lntcnlty factor K. The necessary restrictions
on the relative size of the plsstic zone lead to certain minimum
specimen size requirements which Increase rapidly with decrease
In yield strength and Increase In the critical vlllue of K. For
practical purposes fracture toughness tests are presently confined
to situations where the specimen thickness Is sufficient to ensure
crack propagation will occur under plane strnln conditions. These
conditions provide high constraint to plastic flow tu1d consequently
.nlnlmlze the region of plastic disturbMce at the crack Up. The
critical value or the stress Intensity factor Cor a fracture mode
characterized by small scale yielding and piWle strain conditions
at the crack tip Is called the piMe strain fracture toughness K
1
It Cltll be useful In estimating the load carrying capacity of struc'i-
ures providing the structure falls by this mode of crack propagat-
Ion. This type of failure requires sufficient thickness. If tho
thickness Is Insufficient, use of K 1 will give a lower bound on
the fracture strenb'lh. Where the thYckness Is Insufficient for a
K Ic analysis !tis possible to use surface crack tests to estimate
critical flaw sizes. However, such tests arc generally unsuitable
Cor K 10 determination< 11 l.
Procedures Cor conducting K1c tests have been formulated by
the ASTJ\1 and those who are Interested In this type of Information
should study the recently Issued Proposed Recommended Practice
for PIWlc Strain Fracture Toughness Testing(12) Wid Its backstround
documents(ll)(13). It will be tho general practice In this Handbook
to report Klc data only when such data Is derived from tests which
conform In all Important respects to the ASTM R. P.(12).
REFERENCES
1. J. E. Srawley and W. F. Brown, Jr.: "Fracture Tough-
ness Testing Methods", ASTM STP 381,1965, p. 133.
2. Proposed Recommended Practice Cor Sharp Notch Tension
Tc,stlng of lllgh Strength Matorlals, ASTM Standards,
3. "Screening Tests for lllgh Strength Alloys Using Sharply
Notched Cylindrical Specimens", Fourth Report of a
Special ASTM Committee, Materials lwsearch Wid
Standards, Vol. 2, No. 3, March 1962, p.196.
4. D. Brock: "The Residual Strength of Cracked Sheet Wid
Structures", NLR TM M2135, National Lucht-cn
Ruimtevllllrtlo.boro.torlum, National Aero and Astruta.iltl-
cal Research Institute, Amsterdam, August 1964.
5. W. F. Brown, Jr.: "Mechanical Screening Tests for
Sheet Alloys", Proceedings, Seventh Sagamore Ordnance
Materials ltccaroh Conference, Syracuse University
Rosearoh Institute, 1960.
G. J. G. Ko.ufmM and ~l.trshall Holt: "Fracture Charnctor-
lstics of Aluminum Alloys", Alcoa Research Laboratories
TP No.l8, Alcoa Pitts. Po.1965.
7. C. D. Beachem and J. E. Srawley: "Fracture Tests of
Surface Cracked Specimens of AlliS 6434 Steel Sheet",
NRL Memo, ltepurt 1097, Sept. lOCO.
8. G. lt. Irwin: "Crack Extension Force for a Part Through
Crack In a Plate", Journal of Appliod Mechanics Vol.
84E, No. l, 1962.
9. "The Slow uro\\1h Wid Rapid Propagation of Cracks:
Second R~po1t of a Special ASTM Committee", Materials
&search and Standards, Vol. 1, No.5, May1961, p. 389.
10. G. lt. Irwin: "Fracture Strengths Relative to the Onset
and Arrest of Crack Propagation", Proc. ASTM Vol. 58,
195&, p. 640.
11. w. F. Brown, Jr. Wid J. E. Srawley: "PIWle Strain
Crack Toughness Testing of 111gb Strength Materlsls",
ASTM STP 410, 1966.
12. "Ilecommended Practice for PIWle-5traln Fracture
Toughness Testing of 111gb Strength lllctnlltc Materlsla
Using a Fatigue Cracked Bend Specimen", to be publlahed
ASTIII Book of Standards, 1968, Pt. 31.
13. J. E. Srawley, Ill. 11. Jones, Wid w. F. Brown, Jr.
"Determination of PIWle Strain Fracture Toughnosa",
Materials ltesearch Wid Standards, Vol. 7, No. 6,
p. 262.
 REVISED: DECEMBER 1971 APPENDIX 0 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK

CROSS INDEX OF ALLOYS

DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE

l'-""; 0.5 percent Ti-Molybdenum Alloy
4Al-3Mo-1 V Titanium Alloy
3
2
5302
3703
5056 2 3302
545G 2 3303
5Al-1.5Cr-1. 5Fe-1Mo-Titaniwn Alloy 2 3704 GOG! 2 3206
5Al-2. 75Cr-1.25Fe Tltaniwn Alloy 2 3705 6062 2 3206
5Al-2.5Sn Titanium Alloy 2 3706 G062 SAE 211 2 3206
5Al-5Sn-5Zr-TI Alloy 2 3716 7001 AI 2 3218
5Cr- Mo- V Aircraft Steel 1 1218 7075 2 3207
5 Cr- Ultra High Strengtb Steel 1 1218 7079 2 3209
5Ni-Cr-Mo-V 1 121G 7178 2 3210
6Al-4V Titanium Alloy 2 3707 8630 1208
6Al-GV-2Sn-Ti Alloy 2 3715 8G3011 1208
7 Al-4Mo Titanium Alloy 2 3708 52100 1207
8Al-1Mo-1 V-TI Alloy 2 3709 AIO. G 2 3509
8Al-2Cb-1 Ta Titanium Alloy 2 3710 A-40 2 3701
8Mn Titanium Alloy 2 3712 A-55 3701
2
8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al Titanium Alloy 2 3721 A-70 2 3701
9Ni-4Co 1 1221 A-78S 2 3210
12Ni Maraglng 1 1222 A-110 AT 2 370G
12Ni-5Cr-3Mo Maraglng Steel 1 1222 A-140 2 311!1
15-5PJI 1 1513 A-28G 1G01
1G-15-6 1 1605 A 356 2 3105
1G-25-6 Alloy 1 160G AA-5052 (SAEI 2 3301
16-25-G M 1G05 ACI CB 30 (Cast) 1404
17-4PII 1501 ACI-C~'-3 1303
17-7PH 1502 ACI-CF-8 1303
17-7 Steel 1301 AF-71 1508
17-22A (S) Steel 1210 AFC-77 1509
17-22A (V) Steel 1211 AISI 201 1312
18Ni-Maraglng (250 Grade) 1220 AISI 301 Steel 1301
18Ni-Maraglng (300 Grade) 1225 AISI No. 610 1218
18Ni (200) Maraglng 1223 AISI No. G32 1503
18NICoMo (250 Grade) 1220 AISI No. G35 1511
18NICoMo (200 Grade) 1223 AISI No. G83 3 4205
18Ni (250) Maraging Steel 1220 AISI No. 687 3 4207
18NI (300) Mnraglng Steel 1225 AISI 4130 1201
18 percent nickel precipitation- AIS14140 1203
hardening steel 1225 A1Sl4337 1206
18-7-5 1220 AISI 4340 1206
18-8 Austenitic SLninlcss Steel 1301 AISI 8630 1208
18-8-3 1223 AISI E 9310 120Q
18-8 Cb Stainless Steel 1309 A!Sl E 9310 H 1209
18-8Mo Stninless steel 1307 AISI 52100 1207
18-8 + Mo 1307 AISl Type 301 and Type 302 SLninlcss Steel 1301
18-8-S, 18-8-Sc 1 1302 AISI 1)'pc 303 and 303 sc Austcn!Uc lltnlnlcsr.
18-8 Steels 1 1301, 1303 Steel 1302
18-8 Ti Slalnless Steel 1308 AISl 1)'pc 304 and Type 304 L
18-12 Stninless Steel 1304 Austcn!Uc Stainless Steel 1303
19-9 DL 1311 AISl 1)'pe 305 Austenitic lltalnlcss Steel 1304
19-9 DX 1311 A1Sl1)'pc 310 and 310S Stainless Steel 1305
19-9 W (welding wire coated clectrcdcs) 1 1311 AISI Types 316, 316L, 317 1307
19-9 W Mo (coated electrodes) 1 1311 A!Sl Type 321 Austenitic SLninless Steel 1308
25-20 Slalnlcss Sleel I 1305 AlSI 1)'pc ~47 and 348 Austenitic
40E Alloy 2 310G Stainless Steels 1309
99fi 2 3701 AlS11)'pcs 403, 416, and 416Se 1 1401
203EZ 1313 AI 2618 2 3213
220 2 3103 AI 60G1 2 3206
250 AM 1220 AI 7039 2 3212
300 Grade Maraging Steel 1225 Alclad 2024 2 3204
300-M 1217 Alclad 5056 2 3302
310 (SAE) 2 3106 Alclnd 7075 2 3208
355 2 3104 Alclad 7178 2 3210
356 2 3105 Alcodlc 1 1218
418 Special 1 1407 Alloy 40E 2 3106
713C 3 4119 Alloy 718C 3 4103
713-LC 3 4108 Almnr 18 (250 Grade) 1220
882 Mcl-Trcl 1218 Almar 18 (200 Grade) 1223
2014 2 3201 Almnr 362 1512
2021 2 3216 Alwnlnum Alloy 7039 2 3212
2024 2 3203 AM100A 2 3509
2219 2 3205 AM 350 1 1504
4130 1201 AM 355 1505
4140 1203 AM 3G2 1512
4330 Mod 1204 AM 363 1409
4330 V Mod 1204 AMS (Aluminum)
4335 Modlfiod 1205 4015E 2 3301
4335 V Mod 1205 4016E 2 3301
4337 1206 4017E 2 3301
4340 1206 4Cl!IB 2 3206
5052 2 3301 4022B 2 3206
 DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME COI.'E
(AMS (Aluminum) cont'd) (AMS (Aluminum) cont'd)
4023B 2 3206 4218A 2 3105
\._.
40250 2 3206 4227A 2 3101
40260 2 3206 4230C 2 3102
4027E 2 3206 4231C 2 3102
4028A 2 3201 4240C 2 3103
4029A 2 3201 4260 2 3105
4031 2 3205 4280E 2 3104
4033 2 3203 4281C 2 3104
4034A 2 3203 4282E 2 3102
4035E 2 3203 42830 2 3102
4036 2 3203 42840 2 3105
4037E 2 3203 4285 2 3105
4038 2 3207 4286A 2 3105
4039 2 3207 AMS (Magnesium)
4040E 2 3204 4350F 2 3603
4041F 2 3204 4352A 2 3506
4042E 2 3204 4358A 2 3603
4043 2 3206 4360C 2 3501
4044B 2 3207 4362 2 3506
4045B 2 3207 43750 2 3601
4046 2 3208 4376A 2 3601
4047B 2 3208 4377A 2 3601
4048C 2 3208 4384A 2 3503
4049C 2 3208 4385B 2 3503
4051A 2 3210 4388 2 3505
4052A 2 3210 4389 2 3505
4053 2 3206 4390A 2 3504
4069 2 3301 4395 2 3403
4070F 2 3301 4418A 2 3406
4071F 2 3301 4420G 2 3401
4079 2 3206 4422H 2 3401
4080E 2 3206 4424F 2 3401
4081A 2 3206 4434F 2 3403
4082E 2 3206 4437 2 3402
40830 2 3206 4442A 2 3404
4086F 2 3203 4443A 2 3405
4087B 2 3203 4445A 2 3503
4088E 2 3203 4453 2 3403
4091 2 3206 4484E 2 3403
4092 2 3206 44900 2 3402
4093 2 3206 AMS (Titanium)
4114B 2 3301 4900A 2 3701
4115 2 3206 4901B 2 3701
4116A 2 3206 4902 2 3701
4117A 2 3206 4908A 2 3712
4119A 2 3203 4910A 2 3706
4120E 2 3203 4911A 2 3707
4121C 2 3201 4917 2 3713
4122C 2 3207 4926 2 3706
4123A 2 3207 4929 2 3105
4127B 2 3206 4941 2 3701
4132A 2 3213 4953 2 3706
4134A 2 3201 4954A 2 3707
4135J 2 3201 4955 2 3709
4136 2 3209 4966 2 3706
4138 2 3209 4969 2 3701
4139F 2 3207 AMS (Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys)
4146 2 3206 53500 1401
4150C ~ 3206 5351B 1401
4152F 2 3203 535'~A 1405
4153B 2 3201 5S53 1404
4154F 2 3207 5354B 1 1407
4155A 2 3206 5355A 1 1501
4158 2 3210 5358 1 1301
4160 2 3206 5359 1505
4161 2 3206 5360B 1307
4164A 2 S203 53G1B 1307
4165A 2 3203 53620 1309
4168 2 3207 5363B 1309
4169A 2 3207 5365A 1305
4170 2 3207 5366A 1305
4171A 2 3209 5368 1 1505
4182A 2 3302 536'JA 1 1311
4210F 2 3104 5:l~O 1 1303
4212E 2 3104 5371 l 1303
42140 2 3104 5372 1404
4215A 2 3104 5373A 3 4304 v,,
42170 2 3105 537GB 1602

APPENDIX 0
~ 4) 1971, Bctllour Stulen, Inc.
 DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE

1. (AMS (Corrosion p.nd Heat Resistant Alloys) cont'd) (AMS (Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys) cont'd)
5382B 3 4305 56160 1 1407
5384 3 4206 5620B 1 1402
5387 3 4304 5621 1 1402
5388B 3 4110 5628B 1404
5389A 3 4110 5630C 1 1405
5390 3 4112 5631 1 1405
5398A 1 1501 5632B 1 1405
55040 1 1401 5636A 1 1301
5505 1401 5637A 1 1301
5506 1402 5639A 1 1303
5508 1 1407 5640F 1302
5509 a 4109 5641A 1 1302
&510H 1 1308 5642C 1 1302
5511A 1 1303 5643E 1 1501
5512B 1 1309 5644A 1 1502
5513 1 1303 5645G 1 1308
5514A 1 1304 5646E 1 1309
55150 1 1301 5647A 1 1303
5516E 1 1301 5648C 1 1307
55170 1301 5649 1 1307
5518C 1 1301 56510 1 1305
5519E 1301 5652B 1 1306
5520A 1 1503 5657 1 1503
5521B 1 1305 5660A 3 4107
5522B 1306 5665F 3 4101
5524B 1307 5667F 3 4105
5525B 1 1601 56680 3 4105
5526C 1 1311 5669 3 4105
5527A 1 1311 5671 3 4105
5528A 1 1502 5673A 1 1502
5529A 1 1502 5680B 1 1309
5530C 3 4110 5681A 1309
5531 1 1602 5685C 1 1304
5532B 1 1602 5686A 1 1304
5533A 1 1603 5687C 3 4101
5534A 3 4303 5688C 1 1301
5536C 3 4112 5689 1 1308
5537B 3 4302 5690E 1307
5538 1 1311 5691B 1 1307
5539 1311 5694B 1 1305
5541A 3 4104 5695A 1305
5542G 3 4105 5697 1 1303
5543 1 1609 5698B 3 4105
5545 3 4205 5699B 3 4105
5546 1 1504 5712 3 4205
5547A 1 1505 5713 3 4205
5548A 1 1504 5720A 1311
5549B 1 1505 5721B 1 1311
55 50 A 3 4102 5722A 1 1311
5551 3 4202 5723 1 1311
5554 1 1504 5724 .1. 1311
5556A 1 1309 5725A 1 1606
5557A 1 1308 5727B 1 1606
5558 1 1309 5728B 1 1606
5559A 1 1308 5729 1 1311
55600 1 1303 5731A 1 1601
55650 1 1303 5732A 1 1601
5566C 1 1303 5733B 1605
5568 1502 5734 1 1601
5570G 1 1308 5735E 1 1601
5571B 1 1309 573GB 1 1601
5572B 1305 5737B 1601
5573C 1 1307 5738 1302
5675F 1 1309 5741B 1609
5576C 1308 5742 3 4107
5S77A 1305 5743C 1 1505
5579 1 1311 5745 1 1504
5580C 3 4101 5746 3 4109
5582 3 4105 5750 3 4110
5585 1 1602 5751 3 4206
55910 1 1401 5753 3 4206
5594 1 1505 57540 3 4112
5596A 3 4103 5756 3 4202
5598 3 4105 5757 3 4202
5610E 1 1401 5759B 3 4302
5612 1 1401 576SA 3 4303
5613E 1401 5768E 1 1602
5614 1 1401 5769 1602

APPENDIX D
~ 1Q'71 'RAlrnn'l'" ~h1l.-n Tn.-
 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK REVISED DECEMBER 1971

DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE

(AMS (Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys) cont'd) AZ91 2 3402
5770B 1 1603 AZ91 (A, B and C) 2 3402
5774 1 1504 AZ92A 2 3403
5775 1504 B-66 3 5208
5776 1 1401 B 120 VCA Titanium Alloy 2 3713
5777 1 1401 B 195 2 3102
5778 3 4105 Be-38 percent A1 3 5102
5780 1 1505 Beryllium, Commercially pure 3 5101
5781 1 1505 Beta Tl 2 3713
5788 3 4304 C-llOM 2 3712
5794A 1 1602 C-115MoV 2 3703
5795B 1 1602 C-120 AV 2 1707
5796 3 4302 C-135 AMo 2 708
5797 3 4302 C355 2 J104
5798 3 4112 CA-15 1401
5799 3 4112 CA-40 1402
5800 3 4205 Carpenter 41 3 4205
5804A 1 1601 Castdie 1 1218
5805A 1 1601 Cb-1Zr 3 5207
5812A 1 1503 Cb-10Ti-5Zr 3 5205
5813 1 1503 Cb-10TI-10Mo-0.1C 3 5202
5817 1407 r.;b-10W-1Zr-0.1C 3 5204
5821 1 1401 Cb-10W-5Mo-1Zr 3 5203
5825 1 1501 Cb-15W-5Mo-1Zr-0.1C 3 5203
5827 1 1401 Cb-28Ta-10W-1Zr 3 5206
6260F 1 1209 Cb 132/132M 3 5210
6265A 1 1209 Cb-751 3 5207
6280C 1 1208 C.'b-752 3 5209
6281B 1 1208 CF-3 1303
6302 1 1210 CF-8 1 1303
6303 1 1211 CF-20 1 1301
G350C 1 1201 CF-3M 1307
6351 1 1201 CF-8C 1309
6354 1 1102 CF-8M 1307
6355F 1 1208 CF-12M 1307
G359A 1 1206 CF-16~' 1 1302
63600 1201 CF-130AM (Rc-130B) 2 3702
6361 1201 CF-239 3 4308
6362 1201 CK-20 1305
63700 1201 Clad 2014 2 3201
6371C 1 1201 Clad 2024 2 3204
6378 1 1203 Clad 2219 2 3205
6379 1 1203 Clad 7075 2 3208
G381A 1 1203 Clnd 7178 2 3210
63820 1 1203 Clad X-2020 2 3202
6385 1 1210 Columbium, Commercially pure 3 5201
6390 1 1203 Columbium Stabllized 18-8 Steel 1 1309
64120 1205 Commerciully pure Titanium 2 3701
6413C 1 1205 CorTen 1101
6415E 1 1206 Cl'Mo-V(low V) 1218
6418B 1 1214 Crucible B 120VCA 2 ,3713
6427B 1 1204 Crucible DG Alloy Steel 1 1213
6428B 1 1205 Crucible 218 (Halcomb 218) 1218
6431 1 1203 Crucible 422 1214
6436 1 1211 Crucible HNM 1 1506
6437 1 1218 Crucible HY-Tuf 1 1214
64400 1 1207 DGA, DGAC 1213
6441B 1 1207 D-6-AC Electric Furnace 1213
6444A 1 1207 D-6 A V Vacuum Degassed 1 1213
6458A 1 1210 D-11 3 5207
6460 1 1102 D-31 3 5202
6485A 1 1218 D-36 3 5205
6487 1 1218 D-43 3 5204
65300 1 1208 0979 3 4109
65500 1 1208 Olea B Modified 1218
7223 2 3203 Discaloy 1604
7235 1 1601 Discaloy 24 1604
7848 3 5402 Dow Metal FSI 2 3601
ASTM A296-49F, 55, GOT (Cast) 1 14U4 Dow Metal H 2 3401
Astroloy 3 4207 Dow Metal J 1 2 3603
AUas 59 1 1218 Dow Metal o-1 2 3501
AU 2 GN (French) z 3213 Dow Metal R 2 3402
AZ31A 2 3601 Dural 2 3203
AZ31B 2 3601 Duralumin 2 3203
AZ31X 2 3601 Dyccast No. 1218
AZ61A 2 3603 Dynafiex 1218
AZ63A 2 3401 E 9310 1209
AZSOA 2 3501 EK31XA 2 3502
AZ80X 2 3501 Eureka 1000 - Welding Rod 1218

APPENDIX D
 REVISED DECEMBER 1971 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL METALS HANDBOOK

DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE

t____) EZ33A 2 3404 Ladlsh D-6-A (Consumable Electrode
F-48 3 5203 Vacuum Melt) 1 1213
Fansteel 222 Metal 3 S404 Ladlsh D-6-A 1 1213
Flredie 1 1218 Lockalloy 3 5102
Free Machining 18-8 Stainless Steel 1 1302 Low Carbon 18-8 Stainless Steel 1 1303
Frontier 40 E 2 3106 M-252 3 4202
Fs-so Cb Alloy 3 5207 Megal 1 1218
Fs-85 3 5206 Mar-M-200 3 4211
GMR-235 3 4114 Mar-M-302 3 4309
GMR-2450 3 4114 Ma1r1x 2 Steel 1 1219
Grade G-MAR-18-300 1 1225 Mazlo AM-263 2 3402
Greek Ascaloy 1 1407 Mazlo AM-265 2 3401
H-11 1 1218 Mazlo AMC 52 S 2 3601
H-11 Mod 1 1218 Mazlo AMC 58 S 2 3501
H11Btelloy Alloy C 3 4110 Mo-O.STI 3 5302
H!lBtelloy Alloy R- 235 3 4111 Modified AISI Type H-11 Steel 1 1218
Haynes Alloy Ta-782 3 5402 Mod Holform No.2 1 1218
H11Stelloy Alloy X 3 4112 Molybdenum, - 0. 5 percent Tl Alloy 3 5302
H!lBtelloy C 3 4110 Molybdenun., Commercially pure 3 5301
H11Stelloy X 3 4112 Molybdenum, base alloy 3 5303
Haynes Alloy Cb-752 3 5209 Monel K-500 3 4116
Haynes Alloy No. 25 3 4302 Monel Alloy K-500 3 4116
Haynes Alloy No. 36 3 4302 MSRA (British) 2 3406
Haynes Alloy No. R 41 3 4205 MSRB (British) 2 3406
Haynes Alloy No. 100 3 4212 MST-5Al-2.5Sn 2 3706
Haynes Alloy No. 151 3 4301 MST-6Al-4V 2 3707
Haynes Alloy No. 152 3 4309 MST-7 Al-4Mo 2 3708
Haynes Alloy No. 713C (Vacuum Cnst) 3 4119 MST-8Mo 2 3712
Haynes Stalllte Alloy No. 6 3 4304 'MST-40 2 3701
Haynes Stalllte Alloy No. 21 3 4306 MST-55 2 3701
Haynes Stelllte Alloy No. 31 3 4305 MST-70 2 3701
Haynes Stelllte Alloy No. 36 3 4302 MST-431 2 3703
llldumlnium RR. 58. (British) 2 3213 MST-821 2 3710
HK 1 1305 Multlmet Alloy 1 1602
HK31A 2 3503 N-155 1 1602
HM21A 2 3504 NAX AC9115 1 1102
HM31A 2 3505 N!Cr-550 3 4106
HM31XA 2 3505 N!Cr Alloy X-750 3 4105
HNM 1 1506 Nlcrotung 3 4203
HWD2 1 1218 Nlmon!c BOA 3 4113
HY-Tuf 1 1214 Nlmonlc 90 3 4210
HZ32A 2 3408 Nimonlc 105 3 4204
IIZ32XA 2 3408 Nlmonlc 115 3 4209
I-400 3 5101 Nltralloy 135 mod 1 1215
ICI-317 2 3706 Nltralloy Type C mod 1 1215
ICI-318A 2 3707 OMC 165-A 2 3801
IMI-679 2 3711 OMC 164-B 2 3801
IN-100 3 4212 PH-13-SMo 1 1510
Inco 702 3 4102 PH14-BMo 1507
Inca 713C 3 4119 PH-14-8Mo (Precipitation hardening steel) 1507
Inco-731X 3 4212 PH15-7Mo 1 1503
Incoloy 1 1607 Potomac A 1 1218
Incoloy 802 1 1610 Prcssurdie 3- L 1 1218
Incoloy 901 3 4107 (P) 2K GOB 2 3506
lnconcl 3 4101 PWA 653 3 4308
Inconel 700 3 4201 QE22A 2 3406
lnconcl 702 3 4102 R 41 ::1 4205
lnconel Alloy 600 3 4101 Rene' 41 3 4205
Inconel Alloy 625 3 4117 Rene' 100 3 4212
Inconel 700 Alloy 3 4201 Republic HP 9-4-25 1 1221
Inconel 713C Alloy (Argon or Vacuum Csst) 3 4119 Republic HP 9-4 XX 1 1221
Inconel 713 LC (low carbon alloy) 3 4108 Republic RS 120B 2 3713
Inconel Alloy 718 3 4103 Republic RS 121B 2 3713
Inconel Alloy X-750 3 4105 RMI-1Al-8V-5Fe 2 3719
lnconel W 3 4104 RMI-6Al-2Cb-l Ta-0.8Mo 2 3720
Inconel X 3 4105 RMI-6Al-2Cb-1 Ta-lMo 2 3720
Inconel X-550 3 4106 Rs-40 2 3701
Inca Ultra High Strength Steel 1 1217 ns-s5 2 3701
J-1500 3 4202 ns-10 2 3701
J-1610 3 4205 Rs-llOA 2 3712
KO 1Al 2 3108 Rs-uoc 2 37on
L-605 3 4302 ns-115 2 3703
LA-141 2 3507 Rs-120A 2 3707
LA 141A 2 3507 Rs-135 2 3708
LA 141XA 2 3507 R..<;-140 2 3705
LA91 2 3508 RSM 200 (200 Grade) 1 1223
LA91XA 2 3508 RSM 200 (250 Grade) 1 1220
LA991 2 3508 RSM 250 1220
 DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE DESIGNATION VOLUME CODE
&-100-C 3 5101 Type 310 1 1305
&-200-C 3 5101 Type 3105 \
&-300-C 1 1305
3 5101 Type 314 '-
&-590 1 1306
1 1603 Type 316
&-816 1 1307
3. 4303 Type 317 1
SAE 4130 1307
1201 Type 321
SAE4140 1 1308
1203 Type 347
SAE 4337 1 1309
1206 Type 348
SAE 4340 1 1309
l 1206 Type 403
SAE 51431 1 1401
1 1209 Types 410
SAE 52100, E52100 1401
1 1207 Types 416
SAE 60442 (Cast) 1401
1 1204 Type 420
SAE 8630 1402
1208 Type 420F l 1402
SAE 9310 1209 Type 420 Stalnless steels 1 1402
SCb 990 3 5207 Type 422 Stainless Stucls
stainless 201 1 1403
1 1312 Type 431
Sainless w l 1404
1 1511 Type 440, A, B, G and F
stelllte 6 1 1405
3 4304 Type H-11
stellite 21 1 1218
3 4306 Type H-11 Modified
Stellite 31 1 1218
2 3405 TZM
T-1 3 5303
l 1103 U-700 3
T-111 4205
3 5403 Udimet N-115 3
T-222 4209
3 5404 Udimet 500 3
Ta-8W-2.4Hf 4206
3 5403 Udimct 700
Ta-l OW 3 4207
3 &402 Unimach 1 (Thermold A) 1
Tantalum, Commercially pure 1218
3 5401 Uaitemp Rene' 41
TD Nickel 3 4205
3 4115 Unitemp 235
TD NiCr 3 4111
3 4120 Unitemp 500
TI-l, Type A 3 4206
1 1103 US&-12Mo V
Tl Commercially pure 1 1406
2 3701 USS 17-SMn V
Tl-1Al-8V-5Fe l 1310
2 3719 USS Airstecl X-200
Ti-4Al-3Mo-l V 1 1216
2 3703 USS CorTcn
TI-5Al-1.5Cr- !. 5Fc-1Mo 1 1101
2 3704 USS T-1 1 1103
TI-5Al-1.5Fc- 1. 4Cr-1. 21\lo 2 3704 USS T-1, TypC A 1 1103
Tl-5Al-2.5Sn
TI-5Al-2. 75Cr-l. 25Fo
2 3706 uss "\V'' 1 1511
2 3705 V-57 l 1608
TI-SAI-4 (Cr, Fe, Mo) 2 3704 Vanadium, Commercially pure
Tl-5Al-4Fe Cr 3 5601
2 3705 Vascojct MA - Ultra High strength Steel
TI-5Al-5Sn-5 Zr 1219
2 3716 Vascojet 1000 l 1218
TI-5.4Al-J .4Cr-1.3Fc-l. 25Mo 2 3704 Vasco MA
Tl-GAI-2Cb-1 Ta-O. 8Mo 1 1219
2 3720 Vascomnx 11JO 1 1222
Tl-6Al-2Sn-4Z r-2Mo 2 3718 Vascomnx ~;OO CVM 1 1223
Ti-6Al-4V 2 3707 VascoMnx 250 AM
Ti-6Al-4V, Cast 1 1220
2 3801 VascoMw. 250 CVM 1 1220
TI-6Al-6V-2Sn 2 3715 W-545 1 1609
Tl-(6 to 7)Al-(3 to 4)Mo 2 3708 Waspaloy 3 4208
TI-7Al4Mo 2 3717 WcslinF)lousc B-66 3 5208
TI-7Al-12Zr 2 3709 WI-52 3 4308
TI-8Al-2Cb-1 Ta 2 3712 X40 3 4305
TI-8Al-1Mo-1 V 2 3709 X 75 S 2 3207
Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V- Tl 2 3710 X-11.0
Ti-8Mn 3 5204
2 3713 X-2020 2
TI-8Mo-8 V-2 Fc-3Al 3202
2 3721 X-'/005 2
Ti-13V-11Cr-3 Al 3214
2 3701 X !Il-l
Ti-40 1 1313
2 3701 7.E lOA
Tl-55 2 3602
2 3701 ZG 61 A (ASTM)
Ti-55A 2 3106
2 3701 ZHG2A
Ti-65A 2 3407
2 3701 ZH62XA
Tl-70 3 3407
2 3701 Zlrcaloy-2
TI-75A 2 5701
2 3701 ZK51 A
Tl-lOOA 2 3406
2 3701 ZK GO
Ti-153A 2 3506
2 3704 ZKGOA
Ti-621/0.8 2 3506
2 3720 ZK GOB and (T)
Tl-621/~.0 2 3506
2 3720 ZK61
Ti-679 2 3409
2 3711 ZKGlA
Tl-(40, 000 psi) 2 3409
Ti-(55, 000 psi)
2 3701 zn 2 3408
2 3701
Tl-(70, 000 psi) 2 3707.
Timken 16-25-6 1 16M
Titanium Stabilized 18-8 Steel 1 1308
Tungsten, Commercially pure 3 5501
Type 201 1 1312
Type 301 1 1301
TypO 302 1 1301
Type 303 1 1302
Type 30:1 Sc 1302
Type 304 1 1303
Type 304L 1 1303
Type 305 1304
'-~-

APPENDIX D
PAt:U: t: 0 1971, Belfour Stulen. Ill"-