PERCDC REFRESHER EST 1
temperature.
1. Pink noise has:
a. Equal power per octave
2. The Miller Effect can be avoided by:
a. Using a common-base amplifier
3. Indicate the true statement. Most
receivers conforms to the
A. Superheterodyne group
4. Indicate the false statement. The need
for modulation can best be exemplified
by the following.
A. Antenna lengths will be
approximately /4 long
5. Space noise generally covers a wide
frequency spectrum, but the strongest
interference occurs
A. Between 20 to 120 MHz
6. Infrared frequencies range from ___ to
___:
A. 0.3 THz 300 THz
7. At frequencies above ____, atmospheric
noise is relatively insignificant
A. 30 MHz
8. The ideal noise factor is
A. 1
9. Determine the modulation index of a
standard FM broadcast having a
hypothetical maximum carrier frequency
deviation of +/-12 kHz and a maximum
modulating frequency of 4 kHz.
A. 3
10. One way to derive FM from PM is:
A. Integrate the modulating signal
before applying to the PM oscillator
11. A pre-emphasis of 75 ms refers to:
A. The time-constant of the filter
circuits used
12. Practical transmitters are usually
designed to drive a load impedance of:
A. 50 ohms resistive
13. What is the frequency of an
electromagnetic wave whose maximum
peaks are separated by a distance of 8
in?
A. 1.4778 GHz
14. Determine the equivalent noise
temperature of a receiver with a noise
figure of 4 dB at 300 K environment
A. 453.6 K
15. These are active filters made of op-
amps, capacitors, and transistor
switches.
A. Commutating filters
16. This is used to keep the receiver audio
tuned off until an RF signal appears at
the receiver input.
A. Squelch
17. It is the process of converting a
frequency or band of frequencies to
another location in the total frequency
spectrum.
A. Frequency conversion
18. The current of an AM transmitter is 12
A when unmodulated but increases to 13
A when modulated. Calculate %m.
A. 59%
19. An RG-11/U foam coaxial cable has a
maximum voltage standing wave of 52 V
and a minimum voltage of 17 V. Find the
value of a resistive load in the given
situation.
A. 24.59 ohms
20. A polar diagram or graph representing
field strengths or power densities at
various angular positions relative to
an antenna.
A. Radiation pattern
21. Common mode rejection ratios for common
balanced transmission lines.
A. 10 dB to 30 dB
B. 100 dB to 300 dB
C. 40 dB to 70 dB
D. 4 dB to 7 dB
22. Indicate the false statement. The SWR
on a transmission line is infinity; the
line is terminated in
A. A complex impedance
23. Indicate the true statement below. The
directional coupler is
A. A coupling device for matching
impedance
24. The two basic specifications for a
receiver are:
A. The sensitivity and the selectivity
25. When comparing values for shape factor:
A. A value of 1.0 is ideal
26. Compared to a 300-ohm line, the loss of
a 50-ohm cable carrying the same power:
A. Would be more
27. The typical antenna in an AM radio is
a:
A. Ferrite loop-stick
28. The radiated beam from a parabolic
dish transmitting antenna is:
A. Collimated
29. A balanced format transmission line
used at low frequencies. Applications
include 4-wire telephony and microphone
circuits.
A. Star quad
30. Twisted pair was invented by:
A. Alexander Graham Bell
31. A type of cable used in electronics to
carry alternating current, designed to
reduce the skin effect and proximity
effect losses in conductors used at
frequencies up to about 1 MHz.
A. Litz wire
32. CAT-3 cable must have at least _____
turns per inch.
A. Three
33. The characteristic impedance of LMR-900
is
A. 50 ohms
34. It is a coaxial cable constructed using
round copper, silver or gold tubing or
a combination of such metals as a
shield. It used in broadcasting as well
as many other forms of radio
communication.
A. Hard line
35. Determine the power saving in percent
when the carrier is suppressed in an AM
signal modulated to 80%.
A. 75.8%
36. To couple a coaxial line to a parallel-
wire line, it is best to use a
A. Balun
37. A phase-locked loop has a VCO with a
free-running frequency of 12 MHz. As
the frequency of the reference input is
gradually raised from zero, the loop
locks at 10 MHz and comes out again at
16 MHz. Find the lock range.
A. 8MHz
38. A folded dipole has a typical impedance
equal to:
A. 300
39. A shorted quarter-wave line at the
operating frequency acts like a(n)
A. Parallel resonant circuit
40. Calculate the thickness of a crystal in
inches if its natural frequency is 75
MHz.
A. 873 x 10^-9 in
41. Level or Category of UTP cable which
was developed for IEEE 802.5 token ring
local area networks operating at a
transmission rates of 4 Mbps:
A. Level 2 or Cat 2
42. A quarter wave vertical antenna with
drooping radials typically has an
impedance equal to:
A. 50
43. A transducer that transmits or receives
electromagnetic waves.
A. Aerial
44. The axis through the main lobe is
called the ___:
A. Boresight axis
45. A positive voltage pulse sent down a
transmission line terminated with its
characteristic impedance:
A. Would not reflect at all
46. The attenuation of free space is due
to:
A. The decrease in energy per square
meter due to expansion of the
wavefront
47. The first complete system of wireless
communications was provided by:
A. Guglielmo Marconi
48. It is defined as the difference in
decibels between the minimum input
level necessary to discern the signal
and the input level that will overdrive
the receiver and produce distortion.
A. Dynamic range
49. Which of the following is the simplest
form of tuned-circuit frequency
discriminator?
 A. Slope detector
50. For a low-power transistor modulator
with a modulation coefficient of 0.4, a
quiescent voltage gain of 80, and input
carrier amplitude of 0.002V, what is
maximum and minimum voltage gains?
A. 112 and 48
51. Calculate the amount of frequency
deviation caused by a limited noise
spike that still causes an undesired
phase shift of 40 degrees when the
input frequency is 15 kHz.
A. 10.47 kHz
52. Which of the following is not a typical
characteristic impedance of a coaxial
cable?
A. 45 ohms
53. What is emission F3F?
A. Television
54. An AM signal has the following
characteristics: the carrier frequency
is 150 MHz, the modulating signal
frequency is 3 kHz, the carrier voltage
is 60 volts, where the modulating
signal (Em) is 30 volts. Find the peak
voltage of the upper side frequency
A. 15 V
55. Which of the following is not a basic
field of FM?
A. TV Video
56. In FM Broadcasting, what is the lowest
required modulating frequency?
A. 50 Hz
57. For a given length of RG 8A/U coaxial
cable with a distributed capacitance of
96.6 pF/m and a relative dielectric
constant of 2.6, determine the velocity
factor.
A. 0.62
58. If a 500-kHz transmitter of a constant
power produces a field strength of
100uV/m at a distance of 100 mi from
the transmitter, what would be the
theoretical field strength at a
distance of 50 mi from the transmitter?
A. 200 uV/m
59. Fixed-frequency or channel operation of
a transmitter is obtained by using a
____.
A. Crystal Oscillator
60. Calculate the required Q for a 3 MHz
carrier with sideband separation of 50
Hz and 40-dB sideband suppression.
A. 150000
61. ___ are types of noise generated by
equipments that produces sparks.
A. Equipment noise
62. The radio wavelength known as ____
falls within the medium frequency
range.
A. Hectometric
63. When the power ratio of input to output
is 1/100, the loss of the circuit, in
dB, is
A. 20
64. Calculate the EIRP in dBW for a 55 W
transmitter into a dipole with 85%
efficiency.
A. 18.84 dBW
65. A transistor RF power amplifier
operating class C is designed to
produce 50 W output with supply voltage
of 90V. If the efficiency is 70%, what
is the average collector current?
A. 793 mA
66. R3E modulation is sometimes used to
A. Simplify the frequency stability
problem in reception
67. A transmission line of unknown
impedance is terminated with two
different resistances, and the SWR is
measured each time. With a 75-ohm
termination, the SWR measures 1.5, and
with a 300-ohm termination, it measures
2.65. What is the impedance of the
line?
A. 113 ohms
68. Indicate in which time one of the
following only one sideband is
transmitted:
A. H3E
69. It is an analog method of combining two
or more analog sources that originally
occupied the same frequency band in
such a manner that the channels do not
interfere with each other.
A. FDM
70. The difference between the IF and the
BFO frequencies is called ___.
A. Information signal
71. A balanced modulator is sometimes
called ___.
A. Balance lattice modulator
72. A type of filter that receives
electrical energy, converts it to
mechanical vibrations and then converts
the vibrations back to electrical
energy at its output.
A. SAW filter
73. The quarter-wavelength transformer line
acts as a step down transformer when
the load resistance is with what
relationship with the characteristic
impedance of the quarter-wavelength
transformer?
A. Greater than
74. The characteristic impedance of a
microstrip is equal to ___ ohms.
A. 50 to 200
75. A varactor has a maximum capacitance of
80 pF and is tuned circuit with 100 uH
inductor. Find the tuning voltage
necessary for the circuit to resonate
at triple the frequency produced by the
varactor.
A. 40 V
76. Calculate the gain of a parabolic
antenna using a 2.5-m diameter dish
operating at 10 GHz.
A. 46.2
77. Which of the following is NOT a color
code for Category 5 UTP?
A. Red/white stripe and red
78. What is the major cause of fading?
A. Ionospheric variation
79. A receiver produces a noise power of
200mW with no signal. The output level
increases by 5W when a signal is
applied. Calculate (S+N)/N in decibels.
A. 14.14 dB
80. An AM broadcast transmitter has a
carrier power output of 50 kW. What is
the total power would be produced with
90% modulation?
A. 70.25 kW
81. Scatter transmission is used at what
frequencies?
A. VHF and UHF
82. Why are verticals sometimes top-loaded?
A. To resonate on low frequency
83. In what range of frequencies are most
omnidirectional horizontally polarized
antennas used?
A. VHF and UHF
84. A transmitter supplies 25 W to a load
through a line with SWR of 4:1. Find
the power absorbed by the load.
A. 12 W
85. What is the percent total harmonic
distortion for a fundamental frequency
with amplitude of 9 Vrms, second
harmonic amplitude of 0.3 Vrms, and the
third harmonic amplitude of 0.1 Vrms?
A. 3.5%
86. What is the 12th octave for a 1-kHz
repetitive wave?
A. 4.096 MHz
87. What method can be used to determine
the feed-point impedance of a vertical
antenna?
A. Resistance substitution
88. The frequency band normally used to
penetrate ocean depths and therefore
used for communicating with submarine
is ________.
A. ELF
89. Typical mode of radiation of helical
antenna is
A. End fire
90. A measure of mismatch in a transmission
line
A. Standing wave ratio
91. Placing a metallic array on the antenna
effects to increase the current at the
base of the antenna, and also to make
the current distribution more uniform.
What is this called?\
A. Top loading
92. Calculate the beam width between nulls
of a 2-m paraboloid reflector used at
6GHz.
A. 3.5 deg
93. This is often used to cure the problem
of great thickness required of lenses
used at lower microwave frequencies or
for strong curved wavefronts.
A. Zoning
94. Which of the following antenna types is
not designed for transmitting at 10
GHz.
A. Zepp antenna

95. Two antennas have gains of 5.3 dBi and

4.5 dBd, respectively. Which has a
greater gain?
A. The second antenna has a higher gain

96. Which of the following is not a reason

why most half-wave antennas are mounted
horizontally at low frequencies?
A. More cost-effective

97. Which antennas usually consist of two

or more half-wave dipoles mounted end
to end?
A. Collinear

98. A one-quarter wavelength of coaxial or

balanced transmission line of a
specific impedance connected between a
load and a source in order to match
impedances is
A. A Q section

99. It is the ability of the oscillator in

a receiver to oscillate either above or
below the selected radio frequency
carrier by an amount equal to the
intermediate frequency throughout the
entire radio frequency band.
A. Tracking

100. The capacitor used which prevents

a portion of the signal from radiating
from their leads
A. Feedthrough