CBSE

Class 9 Social Science

Important Questions
History Chapter-1
The French Revolution

1 marks Questions

1. Name the book that has proposed a division of power within the government?

Ans. The Spirit of the Laws.

2. What is Livre?

Ans. It was a unit of currency in France discontinued in 1794.

3. Define Tithe?

Ans. A tax levied b the church, comprising one-tenth of the agricultural produce.

4. Who was the king of France at the time of French revolution?

Ans. Louise XVI of the Bourbon family.

5. Who was Olympe de Gouges?

Ans. Olympe de Gouges was one of the most important of the politically active women in
revolutionary France.

6. In which year the Jacobins planned an insurrection?

Ans. In the summer of 1792.

7. Name the news paper on which the speech of Robespierre was printed.

Ans. Le Moniteur Universal.

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8. Name the military dictator who established his power over France after the dismissal
of Directory?

Ans. Napoleon Bonaparte.

9. Who wrote the book Two Treaties of the Government?

Ans. John Locke.

10. Who wrote the book The Spirit of Laws?

Ans. Montesquieu.

11. Who wrote an influential pamphlet What is the Third Estate?

Ans. Abbe Sieyes.

12. Who wrote the book The Social Contract?

Ans. Rousseau.

13. What was the main objective of National Assembly in France while drafting the
constitution of 1791?

Ans. The main objective of National Assembly in France was to limit the powers of Monarch.

14. Name the book in which the idea of one person one vote was mentioned.

Ans. The Social Contract.

15. Who composed the patriotic song Marseillaise?

Ans. Roget de LIsle.

16. Who was the head of Jacobin Club?

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Ans. Maximillion Robespierre.

17. When was slavery finally abolished in French colonies?

Ans. 1848.

18. Who was given the status of active citizens?

Ans. Only men above 25 years of age who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a labourers
wage.

19. Who could qualify as an Elector?

Ans. To qualify as an elector and as a member of the Assembly, a man had to belong to the
higher bracket of taxpayer.

20. What was the most important legacy of the French Revolution?

Ans. The ideas of liberty, freedom and democratic rights were the most important legacy of
the French Revolution.

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 CBSE Class 9 Social Science
Important Questions
History Chapter-1
The French Revolution

3 marks Questions

1. The eighteenth century France witnessed the emergence of the middle class. Who
were they and what were their ideas?

Ans. The eighteenth century witnessed the emergence of social groups, termed as the middle
class.
They earned their wealth through an expanding overseas trade and manufacture of goods
such as woolen silk textiles that were exported or bought by the richer members of society.
In addition to merchants and manufacturers the third estate included professionals such as
lawyers or administrative officials.

2. Describe any three causes for the fall of the Jacobin government in France.

Ans. The Jacobin government followed the policy of severe control and punishment.
All those who were regarded as the enemy of the republic were arrested and tried by
tribunal. If found guilty they were guillotined.
Even Luis XVI was sentenced to death by a court on charge of treason.
Finally, opposition to such severe control began to grow and was responsible for the fall of
the Jacobin government.

3. What do you understand by the term Reign of Terror?

Ans. The period from 1793 to 1794 is referred to as reign of terror.

Robespierre followed the policy of severe control and punishment.
All those who were regarded as the enemy of the republic were arrested and tried by
tribunal. If found guilty they were guillotined.

4. Highlight the provisions of the constitution which was introduced after the fall of

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Jacobin club.

Ans. The fall of the Jacobin Government allowed the wealthier middle classed to seize
power.
A New constituent was introduced which denied the vote to non-propertied sections of
society.
It provided for two elected legislative councils. These then appointed a Directory, and
executive made up of five members.
This was mean as a safe guard against the concentration of power in a one man executive as
under the Jacobins.

5. What role did women play during the revolutionary years?

Ans. From the very beginning women were active participant in the events which brought
about so many important changes in French society.
In order to discuss and voice their interests women started their own political clubs and
newspapers.
About sixty womens club came up in different French Cities. The Society of revolutionary
and Republican women was the most famous clubs.

6. Three items A, B, and C are shown in the given outline map of France. Identify these
items with the help of following information and write their correct names on the lines
marked on the map.

i) Port related to slave trade

ii) Region not affected by the great fear
iii) Epicenters of main panic movement

Ans.

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7. How was the system of Estates in French society organized?

Ans. First Estate and Second Estate-These estates consisted of the clergy and nobility. About
60% of the land was owned by nobles, the church and other members of the third estate.
The members of the first two estates that are the clergy and nobility enjoyed certain
privileges by birth. The nobles further enjoyed feudal privileges.The third estate comprised
big businessman, merchants, court officials, lawyers, peasants and artisans, Small peasants,
landless labourers and servants etc. Peasants were 90% population with very low few
owners of land. Only the members of third estate paid taxes.

8. What types of taxes were paid by the third estate in France?

Ans. Nobles enjoyed feudal privileges. Peasants were obliged to work in their houses and
fields, to serve in the army and build roads.
Peasants paid a tax called tithes to the church.
The third estate paid a direct tax called taille.
In direct tax on salt and tobacco were also levied.

9. How did France saw the subsistence crises during the old regime?

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Ans. The rapid increase in population from 23 million in 1715 to 28 million in 1789 led to
rapid increase in the demand for food grains. Production of food grains could not keep pace
with the demand.
Price of bread was increased. Wages also did not keep pace with the rise of prices.
So the gap between poor and rich widened. Things became worse whenever drought or hail
reduced the harvest.
This led to subsistence crises.

10. What was the significance of the storming of the Bastille?

Ans. The first of the French Revolution was fired on 14 July 1789, in the city of Paris.
Around 7000 men and women who formed the peoples militia gathered in front of the town
hall and broke into government buildings in search of arms.
Finally they stormed the Bastille, the fortress prison to free political prisoners.
The Bastille was hated by all as it stood for the despotic power of King.

11. What laws did the revolutionary government introduce to improve the lives of
women?

Ans. In the early years the revolutionary government did introduce laws that helped
improve the lives of women.
Together with the creation of state schools, schooling was made compulsory for all girls.
Their fathers could no longer force them into marriage against their will. Marriage was
made into a contract entered into freely and registered under civil law.
Divorce was made legal, and could be applied for by both women and men.

12.Three items A, B, and C are shown in the given outline map of France. Identify these
items with the help of following information and write their correct names on the lines
marked on the map.

i) Port related to slave trade

ii) Epicenters of main panic movement
iii) Epicenters of main panic movement

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Ans.

13. Why were women disappointed by the constitution of 1791 in France?

Ans. Women were disappointed that the constitution of 1791 reduced the passive citizens.
They dont have the right to vote.
They demanded the right to vote, to be elected to the assembly and to hold political office.
Only then they felt would their interests be represented in the new government.

14. What do you know about the Estates General?

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Ans. The Estates General was a political body to which the three estates sent their
representatives.
In France of the Old Regime, the monarch did not have the power to impose taxes; rather he
had to call a meeting of the Estate General to pass the proposals for new taxes.
However it was the monarch alone who could decide when to call a meeting of this body.

15. Who was Mirabeau?

Ans. Mirabeau was born in a noble family but was convinced of the need to do away with
feudal privileges. He brought out a journal and delivered powerful speeches to the croweds
assembled at Versailles.
The representatives of the third estate assembled on 20 June in the hall of the indoor tennis
court in the ground of Versailles. They declared themselves National Assembly. They were
led by Mirabeau and Abbe Sieyes.

16. Who was Abbe Sieyes?

Ans. Abbe Sieyes was prominent member of National Assembly. Originally, he was a priest.
He wrote an influential pamphlet called, what is Third Estate? The representatives of the
third estate assembled on 20 June in the hall of the indoor tennis court in the ground of
Versailles. They declared themselves National Assembly. They were led by Mirabeau and
Abbe Sieyes

17. Highlight the turmoil of countryside of France, when the National Assembly was
busy at Versailles in drafting a new constitution.

Ans. In the countryside rumors spread from village to village that the lords of the manor had
hired bands of brigades who were on their way to destroy the ripe crops.
Caught in a frenzy of fear, peasants in several districts seized hoes and pitchforks and
attacked chateaux.
They looted hoarded grains and burnt down documents containing records of manorial
dues.

18. Locate the following place related to French revolution on the outline map of

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France:
i) Paris
ii) Marseilles
iii) Lille

Ans.

19. How was the National Assembly recognized and how did it start exercising its
powers?

Ans. Faced with the power of his revolting subjects, Louis XVI finally accorded recognition to
the National Assembly and accepted the principal that his powers would from now on be
checked by constitution.
On the night of 4 August 1789, the Assembly passed a decree abolishing the feudal system of
obligations and taxes.
Members of the clergy too were forced to give up their privileges. Tithes were abolished and
lands owned by the church were confiscated.

20. Highlight any three steps taken by Robespierre to established equality in French
Society?

Ans. Instead of Monsieur (Sir) and Madame (Madam) a more equal form of address Citoyen
and Citoyenne (Citizen) was practiced.
Churches were shut down and converted into barracks and offices.
More expensive bread was forbidden- all citizens required to eat equality bread.

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19. What was the position of women in French society?

Ans. Most women worked for a living-as seamstress, Laundresses, selling flower, fruits etc or
as domestic servants.
Only daughters of nobles and wealthier parties studied in convent. Their families arranged
marriages for them.
Working women also took care of their own families, cooked, and washed, cleaned and
queued up for bread.

20. Highlight any three steps taken by Robespierre to established equality in French
Society?

Ans. Instead of Monsieur (Sir) and Madame (Madam) a more equal form of address Citoyen
and Citoyenne (Citizen) was practiced.
Churches were shut down and converted into barracks and offices.
More expensive bread was forbidden- all citizens required to eat equality bread.

21. What was the position of women in French society?

Ans. Most women worked for a living-as seamstress, Laundresses, selling flower, fruits etc or
as domestic servants.
Only daughters of nobles and wealthier parties studied in convent. Their families arranged
marriages for them.
Working women also took care of their own families, cooked, and washed, cleaned and
queued up for bread.

22. Name some symbols used during French Revolution and what do they stand for?

Ans. The broken chain: Chains were used to fetter slaves. A broken chain stands for the act
of becoming free.
The Bundle of rods or fasces: One rod can be easily broken, but not an entire bundle.
Strength lies in unity.
The eye within a triangle radiating light: The all-seeing eye stands for knowledge. The easy of
the sun will drive away the clouds of ignorance.

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23. What was Guillotine? By whom and why was it used?

Ans. Guillotine was a device consisting of two poles and a blade with which a person is
beheaded. Ii was named after Dr Guillotine who invented it.
It was used by Robespierre.
Robespierre followed a policy of reign of terror of severe control and punishment. Those
who followed a policy of reign of terror of severe control and punishment. Those who did
not agree with his methods were arrested, imprisoned and then tried by a revolutionary
tribunal. If the court found the guilty, they were guillotine.

24. Locate the following place related to French revolution on the outline map of
France:

i) The country situated on the Eastern side of France

ii) Normandy region
iii) Toulouse

Ans.

25. How did France become a constitutional monarchy?

Ans. The national Assembly completed the draft of the constitution in 1791.

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Its main object was to limit the powers of the monarch. The powers instead of being
concentrated in the hands of one person were now separated and assigned to different
institutions- the legislature, executive and judiciary.
This made France a constitutional monarchy.

26. What was Directory? Why was it removed from France?

Ans. The fall of the Jacobins government allowed the wealthier middle class to seize power.
A new constitution was introduced which denied the vote to non-propertied sections of
society. It provided for two elected legislative councils.
These then appointed a Directory, an executive made up of five members. However the
Directors clashed with the legislative councils, who then sought dismiss them.
The political instability of the Directory paved the way for the rise of a military dictator,
Napoleon Bonaparte.

27. How could abolition of slavery become possible in France? Explain.

Ans. Throughout the eighteenth century there was little criticism of slavery in France.
There were long debates in the National Assembly about whether the right of man should be
extended to all French subjects including those in the colonies. But now law was made
fearing opposition from business community.
It was finally the conventions which in 1794 legislative to free all slaves in the French
overseas possessions. But ten years later, Napoleon again started slavery.

28. Explain three teaching of Rousseau which laid the foundations of democracy?

Ans. He upheld the doctrine of popular sovereignty.

He believed that government should be based on the consent of the governed.
He stated that people are the real sovereigns and kings rule only with their consent.
His famous book Social Contract tells us about a contract between the rulers and the ruled
whereby the former would guarantee the freedom and happiness.

29. Draw up a list of any three Democratic Rights we enjoy today whose origins could be
traced back to the French Revolution.

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Ans. Right to speech and Expression
Right to equality- Equality before law
Right to life
Right to vote

30. Locate the following place related to French revolution on the outline map of
France:

i) Port Nantes
ii) Port Bordeaux
iii) Brest

Ans.

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 CBSE Class 9 Social Science
Important Questions
History Chapter-3
Nazism and Rise of Hitler

1 marks Questions

1. Name the most oppressed race in Germany.

Ans. Jews.

2. Name the party founded by Hitler.

Ans. Nazi Party.

3. Which was the purist race according to Hitler?

Ans. Aryan Race.

4. Name the first German Republic.

Ans. Weimer Republic.

5. Name the secret police of German.

Ans. Gestapo.

6. Name the Nazi youth group for children below 14 years of age.

Ans. Jungvolk.

7. What is the name for German Parliament?

Ans. Reichstag.

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8. What was the name of treaty signed between Allies and Weimar Republic?

Ans. Versailles Treaty.

9. Where was an International Tribunal set up to try the war criminals?

Ans. Nuremberg.

10. Name the peoples car produced in Germany.

Ans. Volkswagen.

11. Name the place where people were isolated and detained without due process of
law.

Ans. Concentration Camps

12. Which was the highest post in the cabinet of Ministers in Germany?

Ans. Chancellor.

13. Name the scientist who discovered the theory of natural selection and evolution.

Ans. Charles Darwin.

14. Which Nazi youth organization consisted of all German of 14 to 18 years of age?

Ans. Hitler Youth.

15. What was Article 48 of Weimer Republic?

Ans. It gave the President the powers to impose emergency, suspended civil rights and rule
by decree.

16. Who wrote the book Third Reich of Dreams?

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Ans. Charlotte Beradt.

17. Which was the most famous film in which orthodox Jews were stereotyped and
marked?

Ans. The Eternal Jews.

18. What was the immediate cause of world War II?

Ans. Germany invaded Poland in September 1940 was the immediate cause of World War II.

19. Who was Hitlers propaganda Minister?

Ans. Goebbels.

20. What was Genocide war?

Ans. It was war which resulted in the mass murder of selected groups of innocent civilians of
Europe.

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 CBSE Class 9 Social Science
Important Questions
History Chapter-3
Nazism and Rise of Hitler

3 marks Questions

1. State the verdict of Nuremberg Tribunal. Why did the Allies avoid harsh
punishments of Germany?

Ans. Nuremberg Tribunal sentenced only eleven leading Nazis to death.

Many others were imprisoned for life.
The Allies were not in favour of harsh punishment to Nazis as they felt that the rise of Nazi
Germany could be party traced back to the German experience at the end of the First World
War.

2. Describe the events that happened in 1945, when Germany surrendered to Allies.

Ans. In May 1945, Germany surrendered to the Allies.

Anticipating, Hitler his propaganda minister Goebbels and his entire family committed
suicide collectively in his Berlin bunker in April.
At the end of the war, an international Military tribunal at Nuremberg was set up to
prosecute Nazi war criminals for crimes against peace, for war crimes and crimes against
Humanity.

3. State the features of the Sparta cist League.

Ans. The birth of Weimer Republic coincided with the revolutionary uprising of the Sparta
cist League on the pattern of the Bolshevik revolution in Russia.
Soviets of workers and sailors were established in many cities. The political atmosphere in
Berlin was charged with demands of Soviet style of governance.
The anguished Sparta cists later founded the Communist Party of Germany.

4. Explain any three reasons why the Weimer republic was not received well by the

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people of Germany.

Ans. Many Germans held the new Weimer Republic responsible for defeat in the war and
disgrace at Versailles.
The peace of treaty was harsh and humiliating for the Germans.
The allied powers demilitarized Germany to weaken its power.

5. Highlight three main features of the political system setup after the defeat of
Imperial Germany in the First World War.

Ans. The defeat of Imperial Germany and the abdication of the emperor gave an opportunity
to parliamentary parties to recast Germany polity.
A National Assembly met at Weimer and established a democratic constitution with a federal
structure.
Deputies were now elected to the German Parliament or Reichstag, on the basis of equal and
universal votes cast by all adults including women.

6. Why did Germany suffer from hyper- inflation in 1923?

Ans. Germany fought the war largely on loans and had to pay war reparations in gold. This
heightened the economic crises of 1923.
The economic crises of 1923 created a situation when the prices of goods and services were
very high.
Germany retaliated with passive resistance and printed paper currency recklessly. With too
much printed money in circulation the value of the German Mark fell.
This crisis came to known as hyperinflation, a situation when prices rise phenomenally high.

7. Who bailed Germany out from the situation of hyper- inflation and how?

Ans. The Americans intervened and bailed Germany out of the crises.
America introduced the Dawes plan.
This plan reworked the terms of reparation to ease the financial burden on Germans.

8. First World War left deep imprint on European society and polity. Support the

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statement with three examples.

Ans. Soldiers came to be placed above civilians.

Politicians and publicists laid great stress on the need for men to be aggressive, strong and
masculine.
Media glorified trench life.
Democracy was young idea which could not survive the instabilities of inter war Europe.

9. Explain any three reasons that led to the German invasion of Soviet Union.

Ans. Hitler wanted to achieve his long term aim of conquering Eastern Europe.
He wanted to ensure food supplies and living space for German.
So he attacked the Soviet Union in June 1941.

10. State the reasons responsible for USA to join the Second World War.

Ans. Japan was expanding its power in the east.

It had occupied French Indo-China was planning attacks on US naval bases in the Pacific.
When Japan extended its support to Hitler and bombed the US base ar Pearl harbour, the US
entered the Second World War.

11. Highlight any three important circumstances under which Hitler came to power.

Ans. The unjust peace treaty of Versailles with the Allied powers.
The peace treaty was very harsh and humiliating for the Germans.
German lost its all overseas colonies, a tenth of its population and 13% of its territories in
Europe.
It also lost a larger part of resources like iron ore and coal.

12. Describe the Battle of Stalingrad in Second World War?

Ans. Hitler attacked the Soviet Union in June 1941.

In His historic blunder Hitler exposed the German westerns front to British aerial bombing
and the eastern front the powerful soviet armies.
The Soviet red army inflicted a crushing and humiliating defeat on Germany at Stalingrad.

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After this the Soviet Red army hounded out the retreating German Soldiers until they
reached the heart of Berlin, establishing soviet hegemony over the entire eastern Europe for
half a century thereafter.

13. Highlight any three features of the new style of politics devised by Hitler.

Ans. Hitler devised a new style of politics. He understood the significance of rituals and
spectacles in mass mobilization.
Nazis held massive rallies and public meetings to demonstrate the support for Hitler and
instill a sense of unity among the people.
The red banners with the Swatika, the Nazi Salute, and the ritualized rounds of applause
after the speeches were all part of this spectacle of power.

14. Mention any two methods adopted for extermination of Jews.

Ans. Jews were killed in gas chambers.

Jews were made to live in ghettos where they were often prosecuted through periodic
organized violence.
Forced selling and confiscation of their properties.

15. Explain the idea of survival of Herbert.

Ans. Herberts idea of survival of the fittest formed the basis of Hitlers idea of survival of the
best race.
According to Herberts idea only those species survived on the earth that could adapt
themselves to changing climatic conditions.
His ideas were used by Hitler to imperial rule over conquered people.

16. Describe the condition of Polish people under Nazism.

Ans. Occupied Poland was divided up. Much of North western Poland was annexed to
Germany.
Poles were forced to leave their homes and properties behind to be occupied by ethnic
Germans brought in from occupied Europe.

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Poles were then herded like cattle in the other part called the General Government, the
destination of all undesirables of the empire.

17. Evaluate the role of women in the Nazi Society.

Ans. In the Nazi Germany, young people and children were told women were radically
different from men.
Girls were told to prove good mothers and bring up pure blooded Aryans, look after the
home and teach their children the Nazi values.
Those mothers who produced racially desirable children were awarded given favoured
treatment in hospitals, concessions in shops, theatres and even in railways.

18. What do you understand by the Second Front in the Second World War?

Ans. In 1942, in Europe, a battle had been fought between Germany and Russia on the
Eastern Front.
In 1944, British and American troops landed on the coast of Normandy in France and opened
another Front against Germany.
This front is known as the Second Frond. Now Germany has to fight on the many Fronts.

19. Write a short note on Tripartite Pact.

Ans. In September 1940, a Tripartite Pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan,
strengthening Hitlers claim to international power.
Puppet regimes, supportive of Nazi Germany were installed in a large part of Europe.
By the end of 1940, Hitler was at the pinnacle of his power.

20. Highlight the issue on which differences was raised between Hitler and Schacht.

Ans. Schacht had advised Hitler against investing hugely in rearmament as the state still ran
on deficit financing.
Cautious people however had no place in Nazi Germany.
Schacht had to leave. Hitler chose war as the way out of the approaching economic crises.

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21. How was the Art of Propaganda used by Nazis to justify their acts?

Ans. Nazis used language and media were effectively.

They used special words for mass killings-Special treatment, final solution, Jew euthanasia,
selection and disinfection.
Media was used to win support for the regime and popularize its word view.
Propaganda films were made to defame the Jews, who were stereotyped and referred to as
vermin, rats and pests.

22. What were the ideas of Hitler on racial state?

Ans. He believed that there was no equality among people-on racial hierarchy.
The blond haired, blue eyed Aryan race was the most superior and the most inferior were
the Jews.
Hitler believed in lebensraum or living space.

23. What were the steps taken by Hitler to strengthen the Nazi youth and children?

Ans. Hitler believed that a strong Nazi society could be established only by teaching children
Nazi Ideology.
Children were controlled both inside and outside schools which were cleansed and German
children were segregated from Jews, gypsies and other children.
Good German children were brainwashed about Nazi ideas of race and ideology of
aggression and violence.
Youth organizations like Jungvolk and Hitler Youth were created to worship war, glorify
aggression and violence, and hate democracy and undesirable elements.

24. Highlight the Nazi cult of Motherland.

Ans. Women had to be good mothers and rear pure-blooded Aryans.

Women who bore racially desirable children were awarded and those who did not were
punished.
Women had to follow the Aryan code of Conduct.

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25. Write a short note on the foreign policy of Hitler.

Ans. Hitler pulled out of the League of Nations and reoccupied the Rhineland.
He integrated Austria and Germany in 1938 under the slogan one people one leader.
He occupied Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia.
In 1940 a Tripartite Pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan, strengthening
Hitlers claim to international power.

26. Write a short note on the economic policy of Hitler.

Ans. Hitler assigned the responsibility of economic recovery to the economist Hjalmar
Schacht.
A program of state funded economic reconstruction was launched aiming at full production
and full employment.
This project produced the famous German superhighways and the peoples car, the
Volkswagen.
Hitler wanted to spend hugely in rearmaments.

27. What were the suggestions given by Gandhiji to Hitler?

Ans. Gandhiji wrote him that you are the person who can prevent a war which may reduce
humanity to the savage state.
Non violence is against the humanity.
Gandhi appealed him to stop the war.

28. What were the promises made by Hitler to the people of Germany?

Ans. He promised to build a string nation, undo the injustice of the Versailles Treaty and
restore the dignity f the German people.
He promised employment for those looking for work, and a secure future for the youth.
He promised to weed out all foreign influences and resist all foreign conspiracies against
Germany.

29. Explain the Nazi education policy.

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Ans. Schools and education institutions were also used to spread the Nazi Ideology.
School textbooks were rewritten.
Racial science was introduced to justify the Nazi ideas of race.
Hitler believed that boxing could make children iron hearted, strong and masculine.

30. Explain any three reasons that led to the German invasion of Soviet Union.

Ans. Hitler wanted to achieve his long term aim of conquering Eastern Europe.
He wanted to ensure food supplies and living space for German.
So he attacked the Soviet Union in June 1941.

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