Professional Documents
Culture Documents
LWN-Tornado
Standard version
Table of contents
1 Introduction .................................................................................................................3
1.1 General information ...............................................................................................3
1.2 Additional information ............................................................................................3
2 Safety ..........................................................................................................................4
2.1 General safety instructions. ...................................................................................4
2.2 Additional safety regulations..................................................................................4
3 Technical specifications..............................................................................................5
3.1 Features .................................................................................................................5
3.2 Areas of application ...............................................................................................6
4 Transport and storage ................................................................................................6
6 Start-up........................................................................................................................7
6.1 Commissioning of radial ventilator ........................................................................8
6.2 Commissioning of axial ventilator..........................................................................8
6.3 Operating connection.............................................................................................9
6.4 Measuring preparations and instructions ........................................................... 10
7 Machine operation ................................................................................................... 11
8 Service ..................................................................................................................... 12
8.1 General................................................................................................................ 12
8.2 Maintenance and inspection............................................................................... 13
8.3 V-belt (depending on machine type) .................................................................. 15
8.4 Coupling (depending on machine type) ............................................................. 17
8.5 Lubrication........................................................................................................... 18
8.6 Cleaning .............................................................................................................. 18
9 Limits of vibration speed according to DIN 10816-3............................................... 19
Appendix......................................................................................................................... 20
Ventilator data sheet ...................................................................................................... 20
Characteristic curves ..................................................................................................... 20
Dimension sheet ............................................................................................................ 20
Motor data sheet ............................................................................................................ 20
Declaration of conformity ............................................................................................... 20
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1 Introduction
This information was written for the purpose of being read, understood and observed
in full by all persons responsible for the LWN ventilator. Full technical information is to
be kept close to the ventilator at all times. This operating manual contains all the
information that is essential for operating the LWN ventilator
It is referred to an operation of the fan, which corresponds to the specification of the
fan.
An operation outside of this range, particularly within the pumping range, specified by
the operator and manufacturer, is not permissible expressly.
.
2 Safety
2.1 General safety instructions.
Basic safety instructions
The ventilator operates trouble-free and safely when it is put to its intended use and
the impeller is cleaned regularly. Failure to observe the necessary external
requirements is potentially hazardous to:
The lives and physical conditions of persons in proximity to the ventilator
The ventilator and other material assets belonging to the operator
The efficient operation of the ventilator
All those involved in installing, starting and maintaining the ventilator need to
read carefully, understand and comply with the following instructions. It
concerns their safety!
Warning!
Denotes a possibly dangerous situation. Failure to observe can lead
to serious injury.
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Caution!
Denotes a possibly dangerous situation. Can lead to light or minor
injury if unavoided.
Important!
Denotes tips for operation as well as other useful information.
i
3 Technical specifications
3.1 Features
A type plate, such as illustrated below, is mounted to each LWN ventilator. The
performance data for motor speed maximum and impeller speed maximum specified
on the type plate may not be exceeded without the authorisation of the manufacturer!
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The ventilator has been designed to convey air or similar gaseous mixtures. It is
therefore connected to the suction-side and pressure-side of a duct.
Loading
Hang up the ventilator by the eye bolts at the centre of the ventilator housing (at the
motor for balance only). Do not remove the suspension equipment at the crane until
the device has been securely installed.
Danger!
Do not stand underneath the suspended ventilator! The suspension
equipment could break! The falling ventilator can kill or cause
serious injury!
Storage
Avoid storing the ventilator outdoors. Heavy corrosion can reduce
Important! the operating life of the ventilator and lower the maximum
permissible speed. In addition, the impeller can become unbalanced.
i Water can penetrate the ball bearings and lead to premature
terminal malfunction. For these reasons, the ventilator should be
stored under a roof or wrapped in foil.
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The ventilator should be set up in a location that leaves enough room for maintenance
work. Furthermore, it should be possible to lift and transport heavy parts of the
ventilator at all times using suitable lifting tools (fork lifts, cranes).
6 Start-up
Hazards of faulty connections
Keep foreign objects out of reach and prevent them from being sucked into the
ventilator on both the pressure- and suction-sides. Safety guards include a long duct,
which, for this purpose, keeps the impeller out of reach, as well as a grille at the
openings with a suitably small mesh. If the ventilator is operated to suck or blow
freestanding, a grille with a sufficiently small mesh should be fitted securely to its entry
or exit to prevent contact. Mount the ventilator on the vibration dampers that come
supplied with the ventilator. Make sure the device stands safely. Securely weld onto
the ground all points of support. The points of connection should not become a trip
hazard.
Warning!
Ventilator can fall over if installed unsteady. An unsteady ventilator
can cause serious injury! Ensure the device stands securely.
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Danger!
A bent axle can cause serious unbalance. The impeller can crack as
a result! Parts flying out can be fatal or cause serious injury. Please
check ventilator for unbalance during start.
Warning!
Only turn on the ventilator when the impeller is out of reach! You
could seriously injure yourself or be sucked in by the impeller! Do
not turn on until the ventilator has been connected up fully.
Warning! Do not turn on the ventilator until it has been fully connected at the
suction-side and pressure-side and has been safeguarded with
possibly necessary protective guards. Parts flying out can cause
serious injury.
Warning!
Only turn on the ventilator when the impeller is out of reach! You
could seriously injure yourself or be sucked in by the impeller! Do
not switch on until the ventilator has been connected up fully.
Warning! Do not turn on the ventilator until it has been fully connected at the
suction-side and pressure-side and has been safeguarded possibly
and if necessary with protective guards. Parts flying out can cause
serious injury.
Electrical installation
The electrical installation must be carried out by a qualified electrician. The required
operating power operation can be found on the type plate. Do not operate the motor
without motor protection. Possible thermisor / thermo contact motor protection units
need to be up and running before the initial start-up! Install a switch for turning off the
direct power supply to the motor. This will disconnect the ventilator from the main
power supply in the event of an inspection.
Illustration 1)
The three beginnings (U1, V1, W1) and the three
ends (U2, V2, W2) of the windings are connected to
the six terminals in the terminal box. There, the three Windings configuration at
prime conductors (L1, L2, L3) are always connected 460V (440D)
to the phase beginnings.
When the phase ends (U2, V2, W2) are connected
together, the motor is connected in a star (Y)
configuration. At the star junction, the sum of all
voltages and currencies is equal to zero and phase
resistance is connected to phase voltage. The electric
current in the motor is equivalent to the current in the
winding phase.
When one end of a phase is connected to the
beginning of the next, the motor is connected in a
delta configuration. The phase resistance is
connected to phase voltage. The current of the motor is equal to the geometric sum of
two phase currents (Illustration 2).
These relationships illustrate that the motor can be connected both in a Y
configuration to a 400V mains voltage (50 Hz) as well as a delta-configuration to a
230V mains voltage (50 Hz). In both cases, roughly the same amount of electricity
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flows through the winding phase. The same applies to the new preferential voltages
690V (Y, 50 Hz) and 400V (delta, 50 Hz). When the alphabetic sequence of the
terminal descriptions (U1, V1, W1, U2, V2, W2) is consistent with the timing sequence
of the phases, the machine will then rotate clockwise. In case of an anti-clockwise
rotation, two external connection lines have to be swapped. According to standard
0530 by the Association for Electrical, Electronic & Information Technologies in
Germany, a terminal clamp for the protective earth conductor also has to be provided
for inside the terminal box. Furthermore, machines with a capacity of over 100kW
require an additional earthed clamp at the housing.
Vibrations of the ventilator
Because of its rest unbalance and its geometry, a ventilator produces vibrations at
different frequencies. The sum of all arising vibrations can be summarised as vibration
speed veff. or vibration force. The units of vibration force are measured in mm/s.
Speed
The oscillating force of a ventilator is determined by its operating speed. For
ventilators with variable speed, measuring the entire operating speed range is
recommended in order to detect the possible areas of resonance. Such areas of
resonance should be passed through as fast as possible.
Set-up
During measurements, the ventilator can either be set up under normal operating
conditions or, in case a smaller unit is involved, it can be put on or hung up on special
spring systems.
Measuring points
The preferred points for taking measures are the bearings areas or bearings levels,
though the housing of the bearing also suffices.
Measuring direction
Measurements should be made in the horizontal, vertical and axial directions but
particularly in the direction where the greatest oscillation amplitudes are to be
expected. This generally tends to be the horizontal measurement direction.
Vibration pick-up
A vibration pick-up should be used that can be held up to the measuring points by
hand or that can be attached or screwed on with a magnetic clamp. The resonant
mass of the machine should be larger than roughly 3kg so that the measurement
result is not inadmissibly falsified too much by the mass of the vibration pick-up (which
amounts to approx. 0.3kg).
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Verdict
Important! The measurements have to be taken at regular intervals of
operation. This is the only way to ensure an accurate prediction of
i the development of damage. We are happy to provide you with
further information about this.
7 Machine operation
The ventilator may only be operated by persons who have been trained to do so.
The ventilator should be checked at least once every shift for obvious external
damages and faults. Changes that may have arisen are to be reported to the person in
charge.
In the event of a defect, the ventilator should be stopped and the situation secured
immediately. Please initiate the removal of the malfunction immediately!
Danger! The ventilator may only be operated at maximum speed if t max has
not been exceeded! The impeller can crack! Parts flying out can be
fatal or cause serious injury. The stability of the impeller is only
guaranteed at the maximum operating speed identified on the type
plate.
Warning!
Only turn on the ventilator when the impeller is out of reach! You
could seriously injure yourself or be sucked in by the impeller! Do
not turn on until the ventilator has been connected-up completely.
Warning! Do not turn on the ventilator until it has been fully connected at the
suction-side and pressure-side and has been safeguarded with
possibly necessary protective guards. Parts flying out can cause
serious injury.
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8 Service
8.1 General
Caution!
Before carrying out maintenance or inspection work, you need to
have read and understood the operating manual.
Modifications
Unauthorised modifications and alterations of the ventilator are prohibited for safety
reasons. Consultation and written consent from LWN need to be obtained beforehand.
Danger!
Disconnect the ventilator from the main power suppy before
maintenace work and safeguard against it being switched back on
again. Sudden start-up of the ventilator can cause serious injury
Caution! Oil, grease and other impurites can cause the ventilator to fall over
and cause injury. The area in and around the ventilator must be
cleaned before maintenance work begins.
Warning! When a hot medium is being conveyed, the parts outside of the area
of isolation are equally as hot as the medium itself! You could burn
yourself. Wait until the ventilator has cooled-off before beginning
your work .
Important!
Please ensure the ventilator is safe before beginning maintenance
i work. Assume a healthy posture and lift heavy parts with a crane.
Important! Extremely hot and cold work environments can impact the ability to
concentrate. Watch out for acoustical and optical warning signals of
i neighbouring system parts!
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Bearings
The bearings may reach a maximum temperature of 125C when operated
continuously at maximum capacity! Lubricate the bearings sufficiently. Insufficient
lubrication leads to premature terminal malfunction of the bearings. Lubricated
bearings (with possible occasional lubrications) have to be re-lubricated after 1,000
operating hours and should generally be dismantled, cleaned and freshly lubricated
(see the enclosed bearing manufacturers manual) after 10,000 operating hours. All
bearings contained in LWN ventilators operate at minimum for 40,000 hours. Please
observe the lubrication directions on the lubrication plate / lubrication instructions /
motor documentation! Document the maintenance regime.
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Belt replacement
Loosen the belt drive by drawing the pulleys together. Do not lever the belts out with a
screwdriver. Fit the new set of belts. Align the belt drive and clamp it in accordance
with our recommendations.
After 30 minutes of operation under load, check the belt tension and, as needed, re-
tension it.
No maintenance work will be necessary to the belt drive during its life time.
Storage of V-belts
The V-belts should be stored in a dry place. Keep away from heat and direct sunlight.
If possible, they should be stored hanging freely and under no circumstances should
they be tied tightly together.
Belt protection
Where belt protection is required, a protective grille construction for better ventilation
should be favoured over an enclosed unit.
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Caution!
Do not remove the couplings residues from abrasion with
compressed air! The dust can get in your eyes.
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8.5 Lubrication
Bearings which are lubricated with grease can also be lubricated during operation. If
the bearings are lubricated with oil, the oil level has to be checked during machine
standstill. The oil sight glass needs to be half covered up. For lubrication intervals
please see the lubrication plate on the bearing block of the ventilator or on the
ventilator data sheet.
When replacing the bearings, we recommend replacing the whole bearings unit. You
will then receive the renovated unit back for your spare parts inventory.
8.6 Cleaning
Impeller maintenance
Dirty-conveying media can coat the impeller unevenly and thereby cause unbalance.
The vibrations, measured at the bearings, should not permanently exceed 8mm/s. In
such an event, the impeller should be cleaned with blasted steam.
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We would like to point out that vibrations are measured in a loose installation situation,
i.e. not fixed to the ground, before the ventilator is delivered. The readings taken in the
test bay will therefore be higher than when it has been installed and mounted on-site.
From experience, the actual vibration speed readings will therefore be less by 1..2
mm/s .
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Appendix
In the appendix you will find the relevant technical documentations for all components
that form part of the LWN ventilator, but were not manufactured by LWN (e.g. drive
motor). As these are vital to the flawless efficiency of the ventilator, these operating
manuals should be considered just as much as the LWN manual itself. Possible
damages arising from non-observance of the operating manuals are self-inflicted!