Professional Documents
Culture Documents
M.Mayilvaganan1, M.Sabitha2
1, 2
Department of Computer Science, P.S.G College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India.
mayilvaganan.psg@gmail.com,sabithamuthusamy.psg@gmail.com
Domestic
Industry Use
I. INTRODUCTION
Use
The Smart Grid is formed as a combination of
altering currents in which the production of electricity
from the renewable energy sources are considered and
analyzed whether if the supply will meet the demand and Figure 1: Basic Structure of a Smart Grid
alternate decision to be taken by the Smart Grid in
meeting the demand. The need for generation of A Smart Grid takes its source of generation from
electricity is growing worldwide and it has greater impact various power generation resources like both renewable
towards the industrial development of a country [1]. The and non-renewable. The renewable resource includes
growths in databases are also tremendously increasing as solar energy, wind energy, hydraulic power etc where as
the historic data are helpful in the future analysis and can the non-renewable energy resources include conventional
be taken as a factor for decision making. The historic power systems such as nuclear power, fossil fuel etc. The
weather data are stored in the cloud using the service usage and implementation of Smart grids is high that most
Cassandra database and Hadoop File System is used to of the countries shows interest in the inclusion of smart
retrieve the needed data during the time of estimation of grids in their infrastructure. A Smart Grid in turn consists
the need by the Smart Grid. The query language used to of Micro Grids which will be separate modules to produce
query the Cassandra database is the Hive Query Language energy from renewable energy sources and non-renewable
also known as HiveQL. The paper aims in giving a energy sources.
proposal to form a cloud-based Smart Grid which will act An example to be considered here is the Puducherry
as an intelligent system to maintain the balance between Smart Grid Pilot Project. The project is implemented by
the demand and the supply. the Government of Puducherry, India and Power Grid
Corporation of India Limited. The project is being
II. SMART GRID implemented with the objectives [3] of having a common
sharable platform, help the consumers reduce their
The Smart Grid is formed by integrating the use of electricity bills, user friendly interface and balance the
information technology, automation, telecommunications demand/supply chain.
and electric network control. The electric network control The Smart Grid is a major thrust area in which several
in turn involves the sensors, smart meters and deployment ongoing researches are done. Many countries have started
of control strategies and real-time data processing [2]. The implementing the Smart Grid to add to their existing
Smart Grid involves all the operations of a system such as power grid to increase the production of electricity.
generation, transmission and distribution. The Smart Grid Especially the European countries and United States have
combines all the power generation resources such as solar large number of projects implemented using smart grids.
III. BIG DATA ANALYTICS the mapping of blocks to the Data Nodes. The above
architecture gives an idea about the working of the
The Big Data Analytics is a field which deals with Hadoop Distributed Files System.
data which are high in volume, velocity and variety.
When the data to be analyzed is high in volume (i.e in B. Cassandra
Petabyte, Exabyte or Brontobyte), the velocity is high and Cassandra is an open source distribution DBMS
the variety is also present then the usage of Big Data which was designed The Cassandra database is used to
analytics becomes mandatory. Big Data Analytics store large data sets. The Cassandra also support cloud
comprises of distributed file systems framework such as infrastructure making it to suit for our smart grid
Hadoop, Mahout, a multi- user database to handle huge implementation. Cassandra is in use at Netflix, eBay,
amount of data such as Cassandra, MongoDB, HBase and Twitter, Reddit etc. Cassandra has a proven history of
a query language namely HiveQL. These software are reliability as it does not have a single point of failure. As
open source in nature from Apache Foundation. the CAP Theorem also known as Brewers Theorem
The big data analytics can be used in our smart grids states no distributed computing system can have all of
to store the temperature history of a place, user demands, three values Consistency, Availability and Partitioning
production data etc. The data can be stored in cloud Tolerance [5]. Cassandra takes the two values Availability
environment and processing can be done. and Partitioning Tolerance. The Cassandra database can
be used in our smart grid to store the temperature data,
A. Hadoop user demand and supply.
The traditional electric grid can be transformed by The storage/transfer of the generated power to be
placing a smart grid which is bidirectional that it balances done efficiently.
the load between the consumer and the producer. Smart
Grid is of high usage when it comes to the efficient usage A cloud-based smart grid [11],[12] will use the micro
of power. Smart meters are fixed in the smart grid to grids to compute the task of storing the historic weather
monitor the consumer requirements and measure the data and its architecture will contain a node storing the
resource produced. The load balancing is done by the weather data and the smart meters working on the
smart grid by transferring the load from low demand grid demand-response system to access the data to take
to high demand grid. The production and storage of power decision.
is monitored by the smart grid to enable/disable the
production depending upon the demand. Industries Domestic Power
The user can also calculate the usage requirements usage Resources
and switch between the peak hours to regular hours for
power requirements. The smart homes are helpful for the
consumers to keep track of their monthly usage and cut Solar
down their monthly electric bills.
distributing the storage to nodes in racks. The processing [9] Mell, Peter, and Timothy Grance. "The NIST definition of
is done using the Map/Reduce concept. The smart grid in cloud computing (draft)." NIST special
the proposed architecture uses a prediction algorithm to publication 800.145, September 2011.
predict the demand and supply. The system uses a [10] Knorr, Eric, and Galen Gruman. "What cloud computing
really means."Infoworld, April 2008.
distributed environment in which the energy resources [11] Simmhan, Yogesh, et al. "An informatics approach to
(renewable and non-renewable) are distributed; the demand response optimization in smart grids." NATURAL
consumers such as home, industries are also in a GAS , Vol. 31, pp. 60, 2011.
distributed environment. The proposed architecture of [12] Simmhan, Yogesh, et al. "On using cloud platforms in
implementing big data analytics will be suitable for the software architecture for smart energy grids." IEEE Int.
smart grid environment. Conference on Cloud Computing (CloudCom). 2010.
VI. CONCLUSION
FUTURE WORK
REFERENCES