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ACUTE GASTRITIS

Acute gastritis - acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa induced a strong stimulus, the
incoming (received) in the cavity of the stomach.

Etiology

The development of acute gastritis may be caused by exogenous or endogenous factors. There
are the following types of acute gastritis. Acute primary (exogenous) gastritis:

-- Ceylon;

- Toxic-infectious.

Acute gastritis secondary, complicating severe infectious and somatic diseases.

Corrosive gastritis caused by ingestion into the stomach of concentrated acids, alkalis and other
corrosive substances.

Acute gastric abscess (purulent inflammation of the stomach). The causes of acute gastritis
exogenous and endogenous

presented in Table 15-1.

Table 15-1. Etiological factors causing acute gastritis

Exogenous gastritis Endogenous gastritis

Alimentary form
Quantitative and qualitative overload Acute
(thick, spicy, fried, smoked food, etc.) disease (stafilokok -
Food "dry rations" kovaya infection, etc.)
Systematic use of "effervescent"
Beverages
Use of Medicines (salitsi -
armor, glkzhokortikoidy)
Toxico-infectious form BSS
Foodborne diseases
poor quality food

Pathogenesis
When exogenous gastritis alimentary origin quickie food has a direct irritant effect on the gastric
mucosa, disrupting the processes of digestion, the enzyme that make up the gastric juice. When
food toksikoin-fektsii (PTI) on the gastric mucosa have an effect itself pathogen (eg, salmonella)
and its toxins. When endogenous gastritis inflammation in the gastric mucosa develops as a
result of penetration etiologic agent hematogenous route.

Clinical picture

The clinical picture of acute gastritis depends on its shape and etiology. The first symptoms of
acute gastritis exogenous alimentary origin appear in a few hours after exposure of the
pathological agent.Duration of the disease an average of 2-5 days. The main clinical
manifestations of the following.

Child Anxiety, malaise, excessive salivation, nausea, loss of appetite, feeling of "overflow" in
the epigastric region.

Chance chills, then low-grade fever.

In a subsequent growing pains in the abdomen, repeated vomiting occurs, the vomit - the
remains of eaten 4-6 hours ago, food;

Objectively note pale skin, white-coated tongue with yellow coating, flatulence, abdominal
palpation - pain in epigastral-tion field.

Possible diarrhea.

Clinical manifestations of toxic-infectious acute gastritis exogenous resemble any in alimentary


gastritis. The special features of toxic-infective gastritis include;

possibility of dehydration due to more frequent vomiting;

localization of pain in the epigastric and periomphalic areas;

expressed diarrhea;

moderate neutrophilic leukocytosis in the analysis of peripheral blood.

Very hard proceeds acute gastric abscess, accompanied by a purulent fusion of the stomach
wall and the spread of pus on the sub-mucosa. Gastric abscess may develop in case of injuries or
as a complication of gastric ulcer disease. It is characterized by high fever, severe abdominal
pain, rapid deterioration of the child, repeated vomiting, sometimes with an admixture of pus.'s
Blood reveal neutrophilic leukocytosis with a shift of leukocyte formula left in the analysis of
urine - leykotsituriyu and albuminuria.
Diagnosis

The diagnosis is usually based on history and clinical manifestations. In doubtful and difficult
cases shown FEGDS.

Treatment

Bed rest for 2-3 days. Hunger in the first 8-12 hours of onset of the disease. Displaying plenty of
frequent drinking in small portions (tea, a mixture of isotonic sodium chloride with 5% glucose
solution). After 12 h designate fractional diet food: mucous mashed potatoes, soups, low-fat
soups, crackers, kissels, porridge. By 5-7-th day of illness the child is usually transferred to an
ordinary table. According to the testimony (in the early hours of the disease) will appoint a
gastric lavage through a stomach tube warm 0,5-1% sodium bicarbonate solution and isotonic
sodium chloride solution. When toxic-infectious gastritis prescribe anti-inflammatory therapy,
enzymes (pancreatin, pancreatin bile components + + hemicelluloses - manhole), antispasmodic
drugs (papaverine hydrochloride, Drotaverine). Gastric abscess treated in the surgical hospital.

Prevention

You have to properly organize a child's diet in accordance with his age, to avoid overeating,
avoid fatty, fried and spicy dishes. With some drugs (eg, acetylsalicylic acid, glucocorticoids)
should monitor the state of the gastric mucosa, using Antacids drugs.

Forecast

Forecast acute gastritis in most cases, favorable - a full recovery.

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