A study on the effect of brick wall on the seismic capacity of buildings

ETABS V8.48

RC

1
 ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Taiwan is located in the seismic zone; therefore, it is very important

to strengthen the structure of the buildings. Unreinforced infill bricks are
frequently used for partion walls and exterior walls in old buildings in
Taiwan. But there is an issue that is the seismic behaviors and design
formulas are not well specified in the existing Taiwan Buildings Code.
The purpose of this paper is to provide the reasonable simulate methods
and to establish the fundamental information of brick walls. The main
content of this research is to discuss the effects of wall on RC structures
by using ETABS V8.48 and the method of the Seismic Capacity
Assessment for RC building.

II


2006 1

III


................................................................................................... I

..................................................................................................II

.III

................................................................................................ IV

................................................................................................ IX

................................................................................................ XI

......................................................................................... 1

1-1 ........................................................................ 1

1-2 .................................................................................. 2

1-3 .................................................................................. 3

......................................................... 5

2-1 ........................................................................................... 5

2-2 3 .................... 5

2-2-1 ................................................ 5

2-2-2 ........................................................ 6

2-2-3 ........................................................ 6

2-2-4 ............ 7

2-2-5 ............ 8

2-3 2 .................... 9

2-3-1 ................................ 9

IV


2-3-1-1 .................... 10

2-3-1-2 ........................ 10

2-3-1-3 ..............................................11

2-3-1-4 ..........................................11

2-3-1-5 ............................. 12

2-3-1-6 ............................... 12

2-3-1-7 ....................................... 13

2-3-1-8 ................................................... 13

2-3-2 ...... 14

2-3-3 .............................. 15

2-3-4 ...... 15

2-3-5 ...................................... 16

2-3-6 .............. 16

2-3-7 .......................... 18

2-4 4 ...................................... 18

2-5 ................................................................................ 19

2-6 ........................................................................................... 20

2-6-1 .......................................... 20

2-6-2 .......................................... 22

2-6-3 .......................................... 22

2-6-4 .............................................. 22

...................................... 24

3-1 .................................................................................... 24

3-2 ................................................................ 24

3-2-1 2 ................ 24

3-2-1-1 ...................................... 24

3-2-1-2 .......................................... 25

3-2-1-3 ................. 31

3-2-1-4

.................................................................... 33

3-2-1-5

.................................................................... 33

3-2-1-6

....................................................................... .34

3-2-2 3 ................ 34

3-2-1-1 ...................................... 34

3-2-1-2 .......................................... 35

3-2-1-3 ................. 36

3-2-1-4

.................................................................... 37

3-2-1-5

.................................................................... 37

3-2-1-6

....................................................................... .38

3-2-3 ...................................................................... 39

3-3 .............................................................. 39

VI


3-3-1 3 ................ 39

3-3-1-1 () .................. 39

3-3-1-2 () ...... 40

3-3-1-3

...................................................................... 40

3-3-1-4 ().................... 41

3-3-1-5 ().................... 41

3-3-1-6

...................................................................... 42

3-3-1-7 ....................... 42

3-3-1-8 ().................... 42

3-3-1-9 ...... 43

3-3-2 2 ................ 43

3-3-2-1

...................................................................... 43

3-3-2-2

...................................................................... 43

3-3-2-3

...................................................................... 44

3-3-3 .............................................................................. 44

................................................................................ 46

4-1 .................................................................................... 46

4-2 RC ................................. 46

VII


4-2-1 ............................................................................. 46

4-2-2 ........................................................... 46

4-2-3 ............................................................... 47

4-2-3-1 () ................................... 47

4-2-3-2 ...................................................... 50

4-2-4 ........................................... 53

4-2-4-1 .. 53

4-2-4-2 .......... 54

4-3 RC ............................. 54

4-3-1 ............................................................................. 54

4-3-2 ........................................................................... 54

4-3-3 ........................................................... 55

4-3-4 ........................................................... 55

4-3-5 ............................. 57

4-3-6 ......................................................... 59

.............................................................................. 61

................................................................................................ 63

................................................................................................ 65

.............................................................................................. 103

VIII


2.1 ()......66
2.2 ()......66
2.3 ........67
2.4 ...67
2.5 ....... 68
2.6 ....68
2.7 ........70
2.8 ()() ..70
2.9 ........71
2.10 ().....71
2.11 ().....72
2.12 ......72
2.13 ....73
2.14 P ....73
2.15 ...... 74
2.16 ... 74
2.17 75
2.18 75
2.19 ...... .76
2.20 ........76
3.1 77
3.2 77
3.3 ....78
3.4 ....78
3.5 ().....79
3.6 ().....79
3.7 ().80
3.8 ........80
3.9 ....81
3.10 ()......81
3.11 .....82
3.12 ....83
3.13 ....83
3.14 ...84
3.15 ().84

IX


3.16 ....85
3.17 ....85
3.18 ().86
3.19 ()......86
3.20 87
3.21 ....87
3.22 ....88
3.23 88
3.24 ................................................................89
4.1(a) ~..90
4.1(b) 91
4.2(a) ....92
4.2(b) 92
4.3.1 .....93
4.3.2 ().......94
4.4 ....94
4.5 ............................................................95
4.6 ................................................................................95
4.7 ............................................................................96
4.8 ............................................................96
4.9 97
4.10 ....97
4.11 .98
4.12(a) ....98
4.13(b) ....................................................................................99
4.14 99
4.15 ..100
4.16(a) ().....100
4.16(b) ().....100
4.17 ....101
4.18 ........102

4.1 X (g)...104
4.2 X ()(g)....104
4.3 X ()(g)................................................105
4.4 ().................................105
4.5 ().....106
4.6 ().....106
4.6.1 ......106
4.7 X ()()......107
4.8 X ()()......108
4.9 X ()()..109
4.9.1 ..109
4.10 X ()(#3@15~25cm)............110
4.11 X ()(g)16.................................110
4.12 X ()(g)()..111
4.13 X ()(g)()......111
4.14 X ()(g)()..111
4.15 X ()(g)()..112
4.16 X ()(g)()......112
4.17 ()....112

XI


1-1
RC

RC
921

1-2
1.1984 11
()
0.5B
1


2.1985 7


3.1994 5



4.1994 6(210mmx210mmx420mm)




5.1995 3
RC

P -
6.1995 4 RC


7.1997 13
RC
P -

8.1999 1

18



9.2002 9 921 1022





10.2003 2



RC

1-3

1. RC
2. RC
3.

4.

2-1
1
34
2

2-2 3
3
Ft
Pu = tP (2.1)
h
1c

P
u

F
t

1
c

t
P
h

2-2-1



= 0.0884 + 0.0313 tan 27 D 63D (2.2)

= 0.00251 + 0.314 tan 34D 44 D (2.3)

5


2-2-2
5

0.13
0.87
f mbt + f bt
Ft = 0.13f tm + 0.87

(2.4)
2

F
t

f tm
f mbt
f bt

5
10%
22% 5% 20%

10mm 15mm 204 kgf / cm 2

306 kgf / cm 2 2.04 kgf / cm 2

2-2-3

x y xy

5Ph 5hP 5P
xc = yc = 2h xyc = h
8h 8b 4b

() 1c

xc + yc yc
2

1c = + xc + 2
2 2 xy

2
5Ph 1 h 5Ph 1 h 5Ph
2

= + + + (2.5)
16 h b 2 2
16 h b 4b

2-2-4

h b/h=A b=Ah(2.3)
(2.5)
1
= 0.00251 + 0.314 (2.7)
A
2 2
5P 1 h 5Ph 1 h 5P
1c = h + 2 + + h
4b


16 h b 16 h b2

5P 1
2
1 4 2
= h
1 + + 1 + (2.8)
16h A 2 2
A A


(2.7)(2.8)(2.1)

1
0.00251 + 0.314 Ft
A
Pu = t Ph
5Ph 1 1
2
4
2

1 + 2 + 1 +
16h A A2 A

P (3.2) 0.00251 + 0.314 1 F t

1
A
u
= (2.9)
tb 1 1 4 A
2 2

1 + 2 + 1 2 +
A A A

f mc = 204(kgf / cm 2 ) f bc = 130(kg / cm 2 ) (2.4)

f + f bt
Ft = 0.13f tm + 0.87 mbt = 15.98 kgf / cm
2
(2.10)
2

f = 0.1f = 20.4 kgf / cm 2

tm mc
f = 2.04 kgf / cm 2
mbt
f = 0.22f = 28.6 kgf / cm 2
bt bc
Ft (2.9)

1
0.1284 + 16.057
Pu A 1
= (2.11)
tb 2 2
A
1 + 1 + 1 1 + 4
A2 A2 A

(2.11) 2.1
()
2-2-5
b/h=A b=Ah(2.2)
(2.5)
1
= 0.0884 + 0.313 (2.12)
A
(2.12)(2.8)(2.1)

1
0.0884 + 0.313 Ft
A
Pu = t Ph
5Ph 1 1
2
2
4
1 + 2 + 1 +

16h A A2 A

P (3.2) 0.0884 + 0.313 1 F t

1
A
u
= (2.13)
tb 1 1 4 A
2 2

1 + 2 + 1 2 +
A A A

Ft =15.98 kgf / cm 2 (2.13)

1
4.5205 + 16.057
Pu A 1
= (2.14)
tb 1 1
2
4
2
A
1 + + 1 +
A2 A2 A

(2.14) 2.2
()

2-3 2
2

2-3-1

(1)
h
tan 2.3
b

Pu = t (b f + h f mbt ) (2.15)

(2)
h
tan < 2.4
b

Pu = t [b f + h 1f mbt + (h h 1 ) (f mbt + f bt ) / 2]

b
h
h 1 = b tan , h = min(h , b )
(2.16) t
0.45


f

2-3-1-1

2.5

2-3-1-2

lwh g h g v 2.6

(1)()
2.6(a)

h + gh
tan = (2.17a)
w + gv

(2)()

2.6(b)
2(h + g h )
tan = (2.17b)
w + l + gv

(3)
2.6(c)
10


3(h + g h )
tan = (2.17c)
2(w + g v )
(4)

2.6(d)
2(h + g h )
tan = (2.17d)
l + gv

1B
1B

7
( 2.6(e)2.6(f))
CNS3828
230mm110mm60mm
10mm
30.26 21.25 41.19 30.26
0.580.390.88 0.58
2-3-1-3

2-3-1-4
2

(1) f -

11


(2) f mbt -

(3) f bt -

2-3-1-5 f -
(Coulomb)

f = 0 + N (2.18)

f kg / cm 2

0

59

f = 0.03370(f mc )0.885 + (0.654 + 0.000505f mc ) n (2.19)

2-3-1-6 f mbt -

11 ASTM E149-76
f mbt

f mc

f mbt = 0.716(f mc )0.338 (2.20)

f mbt f mc

kgf / cm 2

(2.20) 1
3 0.6
()(2.20)

12


5
(2.20) 1.51

f mbt = 1.079(f mc )0.338 (2.21)

(2.21)

2-3-1-7 f bt -

32.538 kgf / cm 2

f bc 22%

f bt = 0.22f bc (2.22)

(2.22)

2-3-1-8
f

13


f mbt f bt

f mbt f bt

2 0.45
2-3-2

8
41.19
h b/h=A b=Ah (2.6)
(1)

h h
tan tan A 1.143
b Ah
(
Pu = t b f + hf mbt )
Pu
tb
( ) 1
= A f +  0.45 f mbt (2.23)
A

f mc = 204(kgf / cm 2 ) f bc = 130( kgf / cm 2 ) (2.19)(2.21)

(2.22) = 3.7295 kgf / cm 2

f = 6.5114(kgf / cm 2 )
f mbt

f = 28.6(kgf / cm 2 ) (2.23)
bt

Pu 1
= (3.7295A + 2.9301) (2.24)
tb A
(2)

14


h h
tan < tan < A < 1.143
b Ah
Pu = t [b f + h 1 0.45f mbt + (h b h 1 ) (0.45f mbt + 0.45f bt ) / 2]

h = btan = btan41.19 = 0.875Ah

1
(2.25)
h b = min(b, h) = min(Ah, h)

(2.25)(2.24)
Pu 0.45f mbt + 0.45f bt 1
= A f + 0.394A f mbt + (min(A,1) 0.875A ) (2.26)
tb 2 A

= 3.7295 kgf / cm 2 f = 6.5114( kgf / cm 2 )f = 28.6( kgf / cm 2 )

f mbt bt

(2.26)

Pu 1
= [6.295A + 7.900(min(A,1) 0.875A )] (2.27)
tb A
(2.24)(2.27) 2.1
()
2-3-3
RC RC

2.7

Pu = t (b f +  h 2 0.45f mbt ) (2.28)

h = 0.5b tan h
2

2-3-4

15


h b/h=A b / h = A (2.28)

h = 0.5b tan h
2

h = 0.4375Ah h
2

Pu = t (Ah f +  min(0.4375A,1)h 0.45f mbt )

b
Pu = t (A f +  min(0.4375A,1) 0.45f mbt )
A
b b b b b
A = = = A = B A = AB
h b h b b

Pu 1
= (AB f +  min(0.4375AB,1) 0.45f mbt ) (2.29)
tb A
f mc = 204(kgf / cm 2 ) f bc = 130(kgf / cm 2 ) (2.19)

(2.21)(2.22) = 3.7295 kgf / cm 2

f = 6.5114(kgf / cm 2 )
f mbt

f = 28.6(kgf / cm 2 ) (2.29)
bt

Pu 1
= [3.7295AB + 2.9301min(0.4375AB,1)] (2.30)
tb A
(2.30) 2.2
()
B 0.10.30.50.70.9
1 2.8
B 1
B

2-3-5

16


12(2.29)

(Overturning Moment) RC

(2.28) 70% 2.9

Pu = t (b 0.7 f +  h 0.45f mbt ) (2.31)

2-3-6

b/h=A b / h = A

b
Pu = t b 0.7 f +  0.45f mbt
A
b bh h h A
A = = = A = H A =
h h h h h H

pu H
= 0.7 f +  0.45f mbt (2.32)
tb A

= 3.7295 kgf / cm 2
f = 6.5114 kgf / cm 2 f = 28.6 kgf / cm 2
f mbt bt
(2.32)

pu H
= 2.611 +  2.9301 (2.33)
tb A
(2.33) 2.10 ()

H 0.10.30.50.9
1 2.11

17


H 1
2-3-7
( 2.12)
2.13

Pu = t (b f ) (2.34)

2-4 4

Fy

Fy = C y (0.87f bc + 0.13f mc ) (2.35)

C y = 0.431 - 1.66 10-3 + (90 - )(1.84 10-5 - 4.93 10-6 + 5.02 10-8 2 ) (2.35-1)

f bc
f mc
C
y

A t N y L d

L d N y

A d =t (N y L d ) (2.35-2)

N y = 0.259 + 0.144 22.30 53.5 0 (2.35-3)

E u

E u

E u = (12956 211.4) 0.13f bc + 0.87f mc (2.36)

Pu

P = F A cos (2.37)
u y d

18


(2.37)(2.9)(2.24)(2.27) 2.14 2.14

42
310
3

2-5
3
10%
22%

2.04 kgf / cm 2 11

12 f mbt (2.21)

f mbt = 1.079(f mc )0.338 (2.21)

f mc = 204(kgf / cm 2 ) (2.21) f = 6.5114(kg / cm 2 )

mbt

f tm = 20.4 kgf / cm 2 f bt = 28.6 kgf / cm 2

(2.4)

f + f bt
Ft = 0.13f tm + 0.87 mbt = 17.925 kg / cm
2
(2.38)
2

Ft = 17.925 kg / cm 2 (2.9)

1
0.1440 + 18.011
Pu 1
A
= (2.39)
tb 1 1 4 A
2 2

1 + 2 + 1 2 +
A A A

(2.39) 2.1 ()

19


1
5.0706 + 18.011
Pu A 1
= (2.40)
tb 1 1 4 A
2 2

1 + 2 + 1 2 +
A A A

(2.40) 2.2 ()

2.1 2.2 2.9

2.3 2.4()
2.7() 2.9()
2.15

2-6

2.6(e)(f)

2-6-1

41.19
30.26 21.25

( = 41.19 D )
(1)

h h
tan tan A 1.143

b Ah

20


Pu 1
= (3.7295A + 2.9301) (2.24)
tb A
(2)

h h
tan < tan < A < 1.143
b Ah
Pu 1
= [6.295A + 7.900(min(A,1) 0.875A )] (2.27)
tb A
( = 30.26 D )
(1)

h h
tan tan A 1.715

b Ah
Pu 1
= (3.7295A + 2.9301) (2.24)
tb A
(2)

h h
tan < tan < A < 1.715
b Ah
Pu 1
= [5.435A + 7.900(min(A,1) 0.583A )] (2.41)
tb A
( = 21.25D )
(1)
h h
tan tan A 2.571
b Ah

Pu 1
= (3.7295A + 2.9301) (2.24)
tb A
(2)

h h
tan < tan < A < 2.571
b Ah

21


Pu 1
= [4.869A + 7.900(min (A,1) 0.388A )] (2.42)
tb A
2.16 2.16

2-6-2

( = 41.19 D )

Pu 1
= [3.7295A + 2.9301min(0.4375A,1)] (2.30)
tb A
( = 30.26 D )

Pu 1
= [3.7295A + 2.9301min(0.2915A,1)] (2.43)
tb A
( = 21.25D )

Pu 1
= [3.7295A + 2.9301min(0.1940A,1)] (2.44)
tb A
2.17 2.17

2-6-3

2.32

2-6-4
2.18

22


2.19

2.20

23


3-1
2
3

3.1

1315

23

23

Pu u

( 3.2)

3-2
3-2-1 2
3-2-1-1

f p

CNS
f mc f bc
24


(ISO/TC179)
f m

f p = f bc f mc (3.1)

6= 420210210 mm
( 3.8)
f p

f p = 0.27f bc0.7 f mc0.3 (3.2)

(3.2)
12.25%(3.2)
27%

E = (f P ) (3.3)

(3.3) 1

(3.2)(3.3)
24752314
1406
2

E BO = 2314f p (3.4)

3-2-2-2
( Hook s Law),

25


u 1
x = = ( x y )
x E
v 1
y = = ( y x )
y E

u v xy
xy = + = (3.5)
y x G
(3.5) x y

(Body Force)(Airy Stress Function)

2 2 2
x = 2 y = 2 xy = (3.6)
y x xy

4 4 4
+2 2 2 + 4 =0 (3.7)
x 4 x y y

a2 2 c a b c d
= x + b 2 xy + 2 y 2 + 3 x 3 + 3 x 2 y + 3 xy 2 + 3 y 3
2 2 6 2 2 6
a 4 4 b4 3 c d e
+ x + x y + 4 x 2 y 2 + 4 xy 3 + 4 y 4 (3.8)
12 6 2 6 12
(3.8) a,b,c,d,e (3.6)

x = c 2 + c 3 x + d 3 y + c 4 x 2 + d 4 xy + e 4 y 2 (3.9a)

y = a 2 + a 3 x + b 3 y + a 4 x 2 + b 4 xy + c 4 y 2 (3.9b)

c4 2 d
xy = b 2 b 3 x c 3 y x 2c 4 xy 4 y 2 (3.9c)
2 2

(3.7)
26


a 4 + 2c 4 + e 4 = 0 (3.10)

3.3

h
Pv = Ph tan = Ph (3.11)
b

Pv Ph

(3.11)

3P (h y )
2

(a). ( x )x =0 = h 3
h

3Pv (b x )
(b). ( y )y =0 =
2

b3

3Ph y 2
(c). ( x )x = b =
h3

(d). ( y )y = h =
3Pv x 2
b3

(e). xy (0, h ) = 0

(e) 3.4 AD
RC

3P (h y )
2

(a). ( x )x =0 = h 3 = c2 + d3 y + e4 y2
h

3Ph 6P 3P
c2 = d 3 = 2h e 4 = 3h
h h h

3P (b y )
(b). ( y )y=0
2

= v 3 = a2 + a3y + a4x2
b

27


3hPh 6hP 3hP

a 2 = 2
a3 = 3 h a4 = 4 h
b b b

= (c 2 + c 3 b + c 4 b 2 ) + (d 3 + d 4 b )y + e 4 y 2
3Ph y 2
(c). ( x )x =b =
h3

c 2 + c3b + c4 b 2 = 0

c4 =
(a + e 4 ) 3Ph h
=
1
4
4 + 3
2 2 b h

3P h 1
c 4 b = h h 4 + 3 = 3 h 3 (b 2 h 2 )
c2 3P 3P
c3 =
2

b bh 2 b h 2b h

d3 6P
d3 + d4b = 0 d4 = = h2
b bh

(d). ( y )y=h = = (a 2 + b 3 h + c 4 h 2 ) + (a 3 + b 4 h )x + a 4 x 2
3Pv x 2
3
b

a 2 + b3h + c4h 2 = 0

3P h 2 1
c 4 h = 2h h 4 + 2 = 4 h 2 (b 2 h 2 )
a2 3P 3P
b3 =
2

h b 2 b h 2b h

a3 6P
a 3 + b4h = 0 b4 = = 3h
h b

(e). xy (0, h ) = b 2 c 4 bh
d4 2
h =0
2

h c 3 h = 3 h2 (b 2 h 2 ) + h = 3 h 2 (b 4 + h 4 )
d4 2 3hP 3P 3P
b2 =
2

2 2b h b 2b h

b 2 = 3 h 2 (b 4 + h 4 ) c 2 = h
3hPh 3P 3P
a2 = 2
b 2b h h

b 3 = 4 h 2 (b 2 h 2 ) c 3 = 3 h 3 (b 2 h 2 ) , d 3 = 2h
6hPh 3P 3P 6P
a3 =
2 2
3
b 2b h 2b h h

3P
b 4 = 3h c 4 = 4 h4 (b 4 + h 4 ) d 4 = 2 h , e 4 = 3h
3hPh 6P 3hP 6P
a4 = 4
b b 2b h h b h
3.9

28


3P (b 2 h 2 )2 2 (b 4 + h 4 ) x 2 + 2 xy + 1 y 2
x = h 1 + x y +
h 2b 3 h 2 h 2b 4 h 2 bh h2

3hPh 2
y = 2 1 x +
(b2 b2 )
2

+
2 2 2
+
(b 4 + b 4 ) y 2 (3.12)
y x xy
b b 2b 2 h 3 b2 bh 2b 2 h 4

3Ph (b 4 + h 4 ) (b 2 h 2 ) (b2 h 2 ) 1 2 (b 4 + h 4 ) 1
2 2

xy = 2 2
3 2
x 2 3
y 2
x + 3 3
xy 2 y 2
b 2b h 2b h 2b h b bh h
(3.5)

( x y )dx + f (y )
1
u=
E
1 c c d
= c 2 x + 3 x 2 + d 3 xy + 4 x 3 + 4 x 2 y e 4 x 2 y
E 2 3 2

x + b 3 xy + 4 x 3 + 4 x 2 y + c 4 xy 2 ) + f (y )
a3 2
(a 2 x +
a b
(3.13)
2 3 2

( y x )dy + g(x )
1
v=
E
1 b3 2 b4 2 c4 3
= a y + y + a xy + a x 2
y + xy + y
E 3
2 3 4
2 2

d3 2 d4 2 e4 3
c y + y + c xy + c x 2
y + xy y + g(x ) (3.14)
E 3
2 3 4
2 2
E f(y) g(x)

u v xy 2(1 + )
xy = + = = xy
y x G E
u v
xy = +
y x

1 d b 4c xy f (y )
= d 3 x + 4 x 2 + 2e 4 xy b 3 x + 4 x 2 + 4 +
E 2 2 2 y

1 b d 4c xy g(x )
+ a 3 y + 4 y 2 + 2a 4 xy c 3 x + 4 y 2 + 4 +
E 2 2 2 x

29


2(1 + ) 2(1 + ) b 2 d 2
= xy = b 2 b 3 x c 3 y 4 x + 2c 4 xy 4 y (3.15)
E E 2 2

f (y ) g(x )
+
y x

1 1
= - [b 4 - d 4 + 2d 4 (1 + )]y [a 3 - c 3 + 2c 3 (1 + )]y 2b 2 (1 + )}
2

E 2

1 1
+ - [d 4 - b 4 + 2b 4 (1 + )]x [d 3 - b 3 + 2b 3 (1 + )]x} (3.16)
2

E 2

f(y) g(x)
1 1
f (y ) = - [b 4 + 2d 4 + d 4 ]y (a 3 + 2c 3 + c 3 )y + [- a 5 b 2 (1 + )]y + b 5 }
3 1 2

E 6 2

1 1
g(x ) = - [d 4 + 2b 4 + d 4 ]x (d 3 + 2b 3 + b 3 )x + [a 5 b 2 (1 + )]x + c 5 }
1
3 2
(3.17)
E 6 2

f(y) g(x) a 5 b 5 c 5

v A (0, h ) = 0 u A (0, h ) = 0 v B (b, h ) = 0

v A (0, h ) = 0 c5

c 5 = (a 2 + c 2 )h + (d 3 b 3 )h 2 + 1 (e 4 c 4 )h 3
1
2 3
1 3h
3
h4
= Ph + 2 + 4 (3.18)
4 2b 4b

v B (b, h ) = 0 c5 a 5

a 5 = b 2 (1 + )h + (c 3 a 3 )h + (b 3 + 2b 3 + d 3 )
1
2

+
1
(d 4 + 2b 4 + b 4 )b 2 + (c 4 a 4 )bh + 1 (d 4 b 4 )h 2
6 2
Ph 1 b 1 h 3 h3
= 2 + + 1 + + 3 (3.19)
h 4 h 2 b 4 b

u A (0, h ) = 0 a 5 b 5

b 5 = 2b 2 (1 + )h + (b 3 + 2b 3 + d 3 )bh + 1 (3c3 + 2c 3 a 3 )h 2
1
2 2

30


+
1
(d 4 + 2b 4 + b 4 )b 2 h + (c 4 a 4 )bh 2 + 1 (2d 4 d 4 b 4 )h 3
6 3
3 b h 3 h3
= Ph 2 + + (2 + ) + 2 + 3 (3.20)
2 h b 2 b

b
( ,0 )
2
b
( , h )
2

Ph 7 3 b 15 15 h 1 h 3 h
3 3

top = + + + + 2 + 3 (3.21)
Et 8 2 h 8 8 b 8 b 3 2 b

Ph 3 b 1 1 h 1 h
3

bot = + + (3.22)
Et 8 h 8 8 b 8 b 3

(3.41)(3.42)

Ph 5 3 b 7 h 3 h
3

h = + + 2 + + 2 + 3 (3.23)
Et 4 2 h 4 b 2 b

3-2-1-3
(3.23)
13 50%
u 50 (3.23)

Ph
E 50 = (3.24)
u 50 t

5 3 b 7 h 3 h
3

= + + 2 + + 2 + 3 (3.25)
4 2 h 4 b 2 b

(/)
=0.25
0.60.7 0.8 =0.280.320.3614

31


=0.25(3.24) E 50

E BO

E 50 = 1 E BO (3.26)

(3.26) 1 1.023

50%

h h
1 = 1.67 0.64 0.5 2.0 (3.27)
b b
(3.25)

(3.23)
(3.4)(3.26)(3.27)

E 50 = 23141f p (3.28)

E 50 (3.23)

E u = 2 E 50 = 231412 f p (3.29)

37 2

0.367 0.556

E u (3.23)

32


Pu 5 3 b 7 h 3 h
3

u = + + 2 + + 2 + 3 (3.30)
E u t 4 2 h 4 b 2 b

3-2-1-4
h b/h=A(3.27)
(3.31)(3.31)(3.29)

h
1 = 1.67 0.64
b

1
= 1.67 0.64 (3.31)
A

1
E u = 1286.584 1.67 0.64 f p (3.32)
A
f bc = 130(kgf / cm 2 ) f mc = 204(kgf / cm 2 ) (3.2) f p

1
E u = 51694.945 1.67 0.64 (3.33)
A

(3.33)() 3.5
()
3-2-1-5
2

0.556 0.367(3.32)
2 0.556 0.367

b b b b b
A = = = A = B A = AB
h b h b b
1
E u = 849.238 1.67 0.64 f p (3.34)
AB

f p = 40.18(kgf / cm 2 ) (3.34)

33


1
E u = 34122.383 1.67 0.64 (3.35)
AB

(3.35)() 3.6
()
3-2-1-6

b bh h h A
A = = = A = H A =
h h h h h H
H
E u = 849.238 1.67 0.64 f p (3.36)
A

f p = 40.18(kgf / cm 2 ) (3.36)

H
E u = 34122.383 1.67 0.64 (3.37)
A

(3.37)() 3.7
()
3-2-2 3
3
3

3-2-2-1

1. (20.5cm)(10cm)(5cm)

34


2. ( 1cm)

3.

4. E BO

E BO ( )
E BO = 1859 f bp (3.38)

f bp E BO kgf / cm 2

3-2-2-2
2

1.(3.8) e 4 (2c 4 + a 4 )

2.2(3.10) a 4 + 2c 4 + e 4 = 0 3

C 4

1 Pv Ph
C4 = + (3.39)
4bh h b

(3.9)

3hPh P 3Ph
a2 = 2
b2 = h c2 =
b 2b h

6hPh Ph h 3 P 3 b 6P
a3 = b3 = + c 3 = h + d 3 = 2h
b3 b 2 b b h 2 h

3hPh 6P Ph 6Ph
a4 = 4
b 4 = 3h c4 = d4 =
b b 2b 2 h h 2b

(3.9)

35


7 x 2 y 2 xy x 2 y 2
3Ph
x = 1 + + +
6b h
h bh 6b 2 h 2
3hP 2 x 7 y 2 xy x 2 y2
y = 2 h 1 + + 2 + 2 (3.40)
b b 6h bh b 6h

Ph 7 x 7 y 2 xy 6 x 2 6 y 2
xy = 1 + + 2 2
2b b h bh b h

(3.40)

3.2
3

ph h 2h 2 3b
h = 2.375 + 2 + (3.41)
tE b b h

3-2-2-3

(3.38) E BO

(3.41)

E BO

( )

1. ( p h )( u 0 )

(3.41) E u

2. (3.38) E BO ( E u / E BO )

tan
3.
0.99
h
: = 0.161 (a)
b
1.82
h
: = 0.269 (b) (3.42)
b
4. (3.42)

36


: 27 D 63D

: 34D 44D

(3.38)( E u )

E u = 1859 f bp (3.43)

3-2-2-4

h b/h=A b=Ah(3.42b)
(3.44)(3.44)(3.43)
1.82
h
= 0.269
b
1.82
1
= 0.269 (3.44)
A
-1.82
1
E u = 1859 f bp 0.269 (3.45)
A

f bc = 130(kgf / cm 2 )
-1.82
1
E u = 5701.687 (3.46)
A

(3.46)() 3.5
()
3-2-2-5

(3.47) f bc = 130(kgf / cm 2 )

(3.48)
b b b b b
A = = = A = B A = AB
h b h b b

37


-0.99
h
E u = 1859 f bp 0.161
b
-0.99
1
E u = 1859 f bp 0.161
A
-0.99
1
E u = 1859 f bp 0.161 (3.47)
AB

f bc = 130(kgf / cm 2 )
-0.99
1
E u = 3412.533 (3.48)
AB

(3.48)() 3.6
()
3-2-2-6
3

(3.43)

b bh h h A
A = = = A = H A =
h h h h h H

h
-0.99

E u = 1859 f bp 0.161
b
-0.99
H
E u = 1859 f bp 0.161 (3.49)
A

f bc = 130(kgf / cm 2 )
-0.99
H
E u = 3412.533 (3.50)
A

(3.50)() 3.7
()

38


3-2-3
23 E u

1 E u

3.5~3.7
223 E u

1 .(3.4)(3.38)

2 .(3.23)(3.41) h

Pu h Pu

(3.23)(3.41) E u

3 . E
u

3 E u h

Pu h

Pu Pu

E u 3.5 3.6 Pu

3-3
3-3-1 3

3-3-1-1 ()
(3.41)

39


pu h 2h 2 3b
u = + + (3.41)
tE b
2 .375
b 2 h

(3.41)
(3.41) Pu u

( 3.23.9)(3.51)(3.52)
pu
pd = (3.51)
cos
d = u cos (3.52)

h
= tan 1 (3.53)
b
(3.51)(3.52)(3.41)

p d cos 2 h 2h 2 3b
d = b 2 . 375 + + (3.54)
h
2
tE u b

3-3-1-2 ()
( 3.1)

Pd L d Pd h
d = = (3.55)
E u A d E u A d sin

(3.55)(3.54)
(3.55) A d

ht 1
Ad = (3.56)
sin cos h
2
2h 2 3b
b 2.375 + b 2 + h

3-3-1-3
b
= A (3.56)
h

40


bt 1
Ad =
A sin cos 1
2
2
A 2 .375 + +3A ]
A2
Ad 1 1
= (3.57)
b t A sin cos 2 1 2
A 2.375 + A 2 +3A ]

(3.57)
3.10 ()
3-3-1-4 ()
3(3.41) 3.11

( 3.12)(3.41)
3
Pu E (3.41)

Pu E

3(3.41)
(3.41)

b 3.13

pu h 2h 2 3b
u = + + (3.58)
tE b
2 .375
b 2 h

3-3-1-5 ()
3-3-1-2 ( 3.14)(3.59)
41


ht 1
Ad = (3.59)
sin cos h
2
2h 2 3b
b 2.375 + b 2 + h

3-3-1-6

b b b b b
A = = = A = B A = AB (3.59)
h b h b b
b t 1
A d =
A sin cos 1
2
2
A 2.375 + A 2 +3A ]

A d 1 1
= (3.60)
b t A sin cos 2 1 2
2.375 + +3(AB)]
2
AB (AB )
(3.60)
3.15 ()
3-3-1-7
h
h ( 3.16 ) 3.11(c)
(3.61) 3.17

p u h 2h 2 3b
u = + + (3.61)
tE b
2. 375
b 2 h

3-3-1-8 ()
3-3-1-2 ( 3.18)(3.62)

1 Pu h h p u h 2h 2 3b
= 2.375 + 2 +
sin cos 2 Ad E u h tE u b b h

ht 1
Ad = (3.62)
sin cos h
2
2h 2 3b
b 2.375 + b 2 + h

42


3-3-1-9

b bh h b h A
A = = = A = A = H A = (3.62)
h h h h h h H
b t 1
A d =
A sin cos 1
2
2
A 2.375 + A 2 +3A ]

A d 1 1
= (3.63)
b t A sin cos 2 H 2H 2 A
A 2.375 + A 2 +3 H

(3.63)
3.19 ()
3-3-2 2
23
A d

3-3-2-1
3-3-1-2 (3.64)

p d cos 2 h h2 b
d = b 2 . 4375 + 2 . 375 +1 . 625 (3.64)
tE u b2 h

Ad 1 1
= (3.65)
b t A sin cos 2 1 1
A 2 .4375 + 2 . 375 2
+1.625A ]
A
(3.65) 3.10 ()
3-3-2-2
3-3-1-5 (3.66)

43


ht 1
A d = (3.66)
sin cos h
2
h2 b
b 2.4375 + 2.375 b 2 +1.625 h

(3.65) 3-3-1-6 (3.67)

A d 1 1
= (3.67)
b t A sin cos 1
2
2.375
2.4375 + +1.625(AB)]
2
AB (AB )
(3.67) 3.15 ()
3-3-2-3
3-3-1-8 (3.68)
ht 1
A d = (3.68)
sin cos 2 h h
2
b
2.4375 + 2.375 +1.625
b b h

A d 1 1
= (3.69)
b t A sin cos H
2
H2 A
A 2.4375 + 2.375 A 2 +1.625 H

(3.69) 3.19 ()
3-3-3
1
(3.41)(3.41)

2 3-3-2

2 3.103.15 3.19 23

44


3 3.20


3.21
0.5() 2.0()

3.22
0.5 2.0 1.0


4 3.23
3.23
2.0() 0.5(
) 4
5 3.24
0.5()
2.0()

45


4-1
ETABS V8.48
23
4

4-2 RC
4-2-1
X 35.5 Y
9.5 10.8
W 961.95

f = 120kg / cm 2 f = 116kg / cm 2 f = 136kg / cm 2

c c c

f y = 2800kg / cm2 4.1~4.4

4-2-2
(MF)
( 4.5)()
4.6 0.5
()()()

4.1~4.3 4.1
(X Y ) 4.2
4.3
ETABS

46


4-2-3

1B 24cm f bc = 130(kgf / cm 2 )

f mc = 204(kgf / cm 2 ) (

4.74.8)
4-2-3-1 ()
50cm
100cm150cm200cm

() 3
b =100cmh=360cm (2.1)(3.43)
(3.59)
1 Pu

F
Pu = t tPh (2.1)
1c

= 0.0884 + 0.0313 tan 27 D 63D (2.2)

F
t

f + f bt
Ft = 0.13f tm + 0.87 mbt = 15.98 kgf / cm (2.4)
2

f = 0.1f = 20.4 kgf / cm 2

tm mc
f = 2.04 kgf / cm 2
mbt
f = 0.22f = 28.6 kgf / cm 2
bt bc
1
c (2.5)

47


2
5P 1 h 5P
2
5P 1 h
1c = h + 2 + h 2 + h
16 h b 16 h b 4b
0.0884 + 0.0313tan Ft
Pu =
t Ph
2

2
5Ph 1 + h2 + 5Ph 1 h
+ 5Ph
16 h b
16 h b 2
4b

0.0884 + 0.0313 tan 27D 15.98

Pu = 2
24 Ph
5Ph 1 360
2
5Ph 1 360 5Ph
+ +
16 360 100 2 +
16 360 100 2 4 100
Pu = 113152.773 ( kgf )

2 E
u

E u = 1859 f bc (3.43)

0.99
h
= 0.161 (3.42)
b
-0.99
h
E u = 1859 0.161 f bc
b

E u = 960.146 kgf / cm 2

3 A
d

ht 1
Ad = (3.59)
sin cos 2 h 2h 2 3b
b 2.375 + b 2 + h

360 24 1
Ad =
sin 15.52 cos 15.52 360
D 2 D
2(360) 2 3(100)
100 2.375 + 100 2 + 360

A d = 338.67(cm 2 )
() 2

48


(2.28)(3.29)(3.78)

1 Pu

Pu = t (b f +  h 2 0.45f mbt )

f = 0.03370(f mc ) = 3.7395 kg / cm 2
0.885
(2.19)

f mbt

f mbt = 1.079(f mc ) = 6.5114 kg / cm 2

0.338
(2.21)

h = 0.5b tan = 0.5 100 tan 41.19 = 43.75 h
2

Pu = 24 (100 3.7295 +  43.75 0.45 6.5114)

Pu = 12027.437 ( kgf )

2 E
u

E u = 23141 2 f p (3.29)

h h
1 = 1.67 0.64 0.5 2.0 (3.27)
b b
2 0.367

f
p

f p = 0.27 f bc0.7 f mc0.3 = 40.18( kgf / cm 2 ) (3.2)

E u = 2314 0.39 0.367 40.18

E u = 13307.73 kgf / cm 2

3 A
d

ht 1
Ad = (3.66)
sin cos h
2
h2 b
b 2 .4375 + 2.375 +1.625
b 2 h

49


360 24 1
Ad =
sin 15.52 cos 15.52 360
D 2 D
(360) 2 100
100 2.4375 + 2.375 100 2 +1.625 360

A d = 289.752(cm ) 2

() 4
(2.36)(2.37)(2.35-2)
1 Pu

P = F A cos (2.37)
u y d

F
y

y y
(
F = C 0.87f + 0.13f
bc mc
) = 49.146(kg / cm )
2
(2.35)

A d =t (N y Ld ) = 7371.39(cm 2 ) (2.35-2)

Pu = 93763.60 ( kgf )

2 E
u

E u = (12956 211.4 ) 0.13f bc + 0.87f mc = 19456.9(kg / cm 2 )

3 A
d

A d =t (N y Ld ) = 7371.39(cm 2 ) (2.35-2)

4.4~ 4.6.1
4-2-3-2

() 3
h =100cm (2.1)(3.43)(3.59)
1 Pu

50


F
Pu = t tPh (2.1)
1c

Pu =
[0.0884 + 0.0313 tan ] F t
t Ph
5Ph 1 h 5P 1 h 5P
2 2

+ 2 + h 2 + h
16 h b 16 h b 4b

0.0884 + 0.0313 tan 27D 15.98

Pu = 2
24 Ph
5P 1 100
2
5Ph 1 100 5Ph
+ 2
+ h 2
+
16 100 300 16 100 300 4 300
Pu = 48209.155 ( kgf )

2 E
u

E u = 1859 f bc (3.43)

h
-0.99

E u = 1859 f bc 0.161
b

E u = 10125.743 kgf / cm 2

3 A
d

h t 1
Ad = (3.62)
sin cos 2 h 2h 2 3b
b 2.375 + b 2 + h

100 24 1
Ad =
sin 15.52 cos 15.52 100
D 2 D
2(100) 2 3(300)
300 2 .375 + +
100
2
300

A d = 979.263(cm 2 )
() 2
(2.31)(3.29)(3.78)

51


1 Pu

Pu = t (b 0.7 f +  h 0.45f mbt ) (2.31)

f = 0.03370(f mc ) = 3.7395 kg / cm 2
0.885

f mbt = 1.079(f mc ) = 6.5114 kg / cm 2

0.338

Pu = 24 (300 2.6107 + 100 0.45 6.5114)
Pu = 25829.352 ( kgf )

2 E
u

E u = 23141 2 f p (3.29)

h h
1 = 1.67 0.64 0.5 2.0 (3.27)
b b
2 0.367

f p = 0.27 f bc0.7 f mc0.3 = 40.18( kgf / cm 2 ) (3.2)

E u = 2314 1.35 0.367 40.18

E u = 46065.21 kgf / cm 2

3 A
d

h t 1
Ad = (3.68)
sin cos h
2
h2 b
b 2 .4375 + 2.375 +1.625
b
2
h

100 24 1
Ad =
sin 15.52 D cos 2 15.52 D 100 (100) 2 300
300 2.4375 + 2.375 300 2 +1.625 100

A d = 1672.794(cm 2 )

52


() 4
(2.36)(2.37)(2.35-2)
1 Pu

P = F A cos (2.37)
u y d

F
y

y y
(
F = C 0.87f + 0.13f
bc mc
) = 40.974(kg / cm )
2
(2.35)

A d =t (N y Ld ) = 411.668(cm 2 ) (2.35-2)

Pu = 15606 ( kgf )

2 E
u

E u = (12956 211.4 ) 0.13f bc + 0.87f mc = 97417.84(kg / cm 2 )

3 A
d

A d =t (N y Ld ) = 411.668(cm 2 ) (2.35-2)

4.7~ 4.9.1
4-2-4
4-2-4-1
4.9

1. 3.26 0.5
23
0.5
4.9

2. 3.26 2

53


3

2
4-2-4-2
1. 3.27
4.6 4.7
1. 4.4 #3@15-25cm

25cm 15cm 4.8
15cm ( 4.6)
3MF2MF1MF

4.2

4-3 RC
4-3-1
16 ETABS
V8.48
4-3-2
X 30.0 Y
10.4 7.65
W 510

f = 237kg / cm 2 f = 223kg / cm 2 f y = 2800kg / cm2

c c

4.10~4.12

54


4-3-3
16
4.11 ETABS
4.12
4-3-4
()2
1 Pu

b 300cm h =100cm

F
Pu = t tPh (2.1)
1c

Pu =
[0.0884 + 0.0313 tan ] F t
t Ph
5Ph 1 h 5P 1 h 5P
2 2

+ 2 + h 2 + h
16 h b 16 h b 4b

0.0884 + 0.0313 tan 27D 15.98

Pu = 2
24 Ph
5Ph 1 100
2
5Ph 1 100 5Ph
+ +
16 100 300 2 +
16 100 300 2 4 300
Pu = 48209.155 ( kgf )

2 E
u

E u = 1859 f bc (3.43)

h
-0.99

E u = 1859 f bp 0.161
b
f bp = 130(kg / cm 2 ) b 300cm h 100cm
-0.99
100
E u = 1859 130 0.161
300

E u = 10125.743 kgf / cm 2

55


3 A
d

h t 1
Ad = (3.62)
sin cos h
2
2h 2 3b
b 2.375 + b 2 + h

100 24 1
Ad =
sin 15.52 cos 15.52 100
D 2 D
2(100) 2 3(300)
300 2.375 + 300 2 + 100

A d = 979.263(cm 2 )
() 2

1 Pu

Pu = t (b 0.7 f +  h 0.45f mbt ) (2.31)

= 3.7295(kgf / cm 2 )
f

f = 6.5114(kgf / cm 2 )
mbt

Pu = 24 (300 2.6107 + 100 0.45 6.5114)

Pu = 25829.352 ( kgf )

2 E
u

E u = 23141 2 f p (3.29)

h h
1 = 1.67 0.64 0.5 2.0 (3.27)
b b
2 0.367 f p = 40.18(kgf / cm 2 )

E u = 2314 1.35 0.367 40.18

E u = 46065.21 kgf / cm 2

3 A
d

56


h t 1
Ad = (3.68)
sin cos h
2
h2 b
b 2.4375 + 2.375 b 2 +1.625 h

100 24 1
Ad =
sin 15.52 cos 15.52 100
D 2 D
(100) 2 300
300 2. 4375 + 2.375 +1.625
300 2 100
A d = 1672.794(cm 2 )
()4
(2.36)(2.37)(2.35-2)
1 Pu

P = F A cos (2.37)
u y d

F
y

y y
(
F = C 0.87f + 0.13f
bc mc
) = 40.974(kg / cm )
2
(2.35)

A d =t (N y Ld ) = 411.668(cm 2 ) (2.35-2)

Pu = 15606 ( kgf )

2 E
u

E u = (12956 211.4 ) 0.13f bc + 0.87f mc = 97417.84(kg / cm 2 )

3 A
d

A d =t (N y Ld ) = 411.668(cm 2 )

4-3-5
( 4.12~ 4.14)
3.27

16(

57


4.14)(Base Shear)

W
V = ac ( ) = 0.225 5003.1 = 1125.70(KN ) 2
g

W
V = ac ( ) = 0.175 5003.1 = 875.54(KN ) 3
g

W
V = ac ( ) = 0.274 5003.1 = 1370.84 ( KN ) 4
g
V 3000(KN ) .16

()
W
V = ac ( ) = 0.239 5003.1 = 1195.74 ( KN ) 2
g
()
W
V = ac ( ) = 0.180 5003.1 = 900.56 ( KN ) 3
g
()
W
V = ac ( ) = 0.294 5003.1 = 1470.91( KN ) 4
g
V 3000(KN ) .16
ETABS
V8.48

58


4-3-6
4.1 ( 94 )

()
() 94

()

SSD = 0.5 Fa = 1.0 I=1.5()

SDS = FaSSD = (1.0 )( 0.5 ) = 0.50

a g = 0.4SDSI = ( 0.4 )( 0.50 )(1.5 ) g = 0.3g (4.1)

74 21

29

1
Tr = = 275 (4.2)
1 0.91/ 29

275 0.3
a c = ( 0.3g ) ( ) = ( 0.3g )( 0.848 ) = 0.254g (4.3)
475

()

( 4.15 4.17)

4.16 0.359g

()

4.18 4.19

59


4.19 141720343740

()
( 4.16 4.18)
4.17 4.16 4.17
150cm ()
150cm 0.253g(
4.20) 200cm
()(0.275g)
( 4.21)(0.359g)

60


1. 2.1 2.2 2.9

( )

2.16 2.17

2.32

( 2.7

2.9) 2.15

2.

E u 3.5~3.7 E u

61


3. 3.103.15 3.19

A d

4.

4.15

5.

6.

7.

SAP 2000

62


63


64


65


66


67


(1)

1999
(2) RC
2003
(3)
1995
(4)
1995
(5)
1994
(6)
1994
(7)
()
74-31 (1985)
(8) CNS 382 R2002
(1978)
(9)
(2002)
(10)
2003
(11)
73-12
(1984)

62


(12)-

(1996)

(13) RC

(1997)

(14)
(1992)

(15)
(1999)

(16)
(2005)

63


65


Pu 25
tb

20

15

10

0
b
h
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

2.1()

Pu 25

tb b
= 0.9
b

20

15

10

b
0
h
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

2.2()

66


2.3

b
2.4

67


2.5

2.6(a) 2.6(b)

2.6(c) 2.6(d)

68


2.6(e) ()

2.6(f) ()

69


b
b

2.7

Pu 10

tb
(kg / cm )

b
=1
2

b
= 0.9
b

4
b
= 0 .7
b
b
= 0 .5
2 b
b
= 0 .3
b
b
= 0 .1 b
0
b h
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
2.8()
()

70


2.9

Pu 25
tb h
= 0.9
h
(kg / cm )

20

2

15

10

0 b
h
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

2.10()

71


Pu
8
tb h
= 0.9
h

(kg / cm ) h
= 0.7
h
2

6
h
= 0.5
h h
= 1.0
h
h
= 0.3
h
4

h
= 0.1
h

b
0 h
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
2.11
()

2.12

72


73


.
3

2.15(a) 2.15(b)

2.15(a)

2.15(b) ()

3.15(c) ()

2.15(c)

Pu 10
tb

0
b
h
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

2.16

74


Pu
tb

(kg / cm )
2
4

0
b
h
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

2.17

2.18

75


2.19

Pu 8

tb
(kg / cm )

6
2

b
0 h
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

2.20 ()

76


pu

3.1

u
d

pu

3.2

77


3Pv

b
y
3Ph

h
x

3.3

Pv

D(b,0) O(0,0)
Ph

C(b/2,h/2)

Ph A(0,h)
B(b,h)

Pv
3.4

78


120000
Eu
(kgf / cm )
2


80000

40000

0
b
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
h
3.5 ()

120000
Eu
b
= 0.5
(kgf / cm )
2

b

80000

40000

0
b
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 h
3.6 ()

79


120000
Eu h
= 0.5

(kgf / cm )
2
h

80000

40000

b
0

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 h

3.7 ()

420 mm

210 mm
210 mm

3.8

80


pd

pu

3.9

Ad
0.8
tb

0.6

0.4

0.2


0
b
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
h

3.10 ()

81


3.11(a)
3

3.11(b)
3

3.11(c)
3

82


pd

pd

u
pu

83


pd d

pu

Ld
h

3.14

Ad 0.8

th

0.6

0.4

0.2

b
0

0 1 2 3 h
3.15 ()

84


pu

3.16

u
pu

3.17

85


d
pd
Ld
pu

Ad 2

tb h
= 0.5
1.6
h

1.2

0.8

0.4

0
b
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
h

3.19 ()

86


25000
EA d
tb
20000
(kgf / cm )
2

15000

10000

5000

0
b
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
h

3.20

16000
EA d
tb

(kgf / cm )
2

12000

b
= 0.7
b

8000

4000

0
b
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
h
3.21

87


16000
EA d

tb
(kgf / cm )
h
2

12000
= 0.7
h

8000

4000

0
b
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
h

3.22

25000
EA d
tb b
= 1.0
20000
b
(kg / cm )
2

15000 b
= 0 .9
b
b
= 0.7
10000
b
b
= 0 .5
b

5000

0
b
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
h

3.23

88


25000
EA d
tb h
= 1 .0
20000 h
(kg / cm )
2

15000

h
= 0 .9
10000 h
h
= 0 .7
h
h
= 0 .5
5000

0 b
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
h
3.24

89
 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2
1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1

2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2

1C2 1C2 1C2 1C2 1C2 1C2

2B2
2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2

90
2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2 2B2
1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1 1C1
2CB 2CB 2CB 2CB 2CB 2CB 2CB 2CB 2CB 2CB 2CB 2CB

C1 35X45 B1 30X60
C2 25X45 B2 25X50
CB 30X45 4.1(a)
1B

 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2
C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1

TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2

C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2
TB2
TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2

91
TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2 TB2
C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1
TCB TCB TCB TCB TCB TCB TCB TCB TCB TCB TCB TCB

C1 35X45 TB1 30X60

C2 25X45 TB2 25X50
4.1(b)
TCB 30X45



4.2(a)

4.2(b)

92


30 30 30

4-6 4-7 4-7

320cm 35 35 35
320cm 320cm
2-6 2-7 2-7

CB 30 30 30

4-6 4-7 4-7

55 55 55
320cm 320cm 320cm
2-6 2-7 2-7

30 30 30
4-6 5-7 6- 7

3 60 3 60 3 60
20~25cm 20~25cm 20~25cm
2-7 2-7 2- 7

B1
30 30 30

3-6 4-7 5-7

3 3 60
3 60 60
20~25cm
20~25cm 20~25cm
2-7
2-7 2-7
1-6

24 24 24

4-6 4-6 4-7

3 50 3 50 3 50
20~25cm 20~25cm 20~25cm
2-6 2-6 2-7

B2
24 24 24
3-6
2-5 3-7
2-6 2-6
3
3 50 20~25cm 50 3 50
20~25cm 20~25cm
2-6
2-6
1-5 3-7

24 24 24
3-5 4-6 6-6
3
3 50 3 50
50 20~25cm
20~25cm 2-6 20~25cm
3-5 2-5 5-6

B3 24 24 24
3-5 3-6 4-6

3 50 3 50 3 50
20~25cm 20~25cm 20~25cm
2-5 2-6 3-6

4.3.1

93


30 30
1-# 6 1-# 6
2-# 7 2-# 7
TB1 # 3@ 50 # 3@ 50
20~25cm 20~25cm
2-# 7 2-# 7
1-# 6 1-# 6

24 24
2-# 5
2-# 6 2-6
# 3@
TB2
20~25cm
2-# 6
50 320~25cm 50
2-# 5 2-6

24 24
2-# 5 1-# 5
2-# 6 2-# 6
# 3@
TB3 20~25cm 50
# 3@
20~25cm 50
2-# 6 2-# 6
2-# 5 1-# 5

4.3.2

35 35 35

4-# 7 4-# 7 4-7

C1 # 3@15- 45 # 3@15- 45 45
25cm 25cm 315-25cm
4-# 6 4-# 6 4-6

35 35 35

4-# 7 4-# 7 4-7

C2 # 3@15- 45 # 3@15- 45 45
25cm 25cm 315-25cm
4-# 6 4-# 6 4-6

35 35 35

4-# 7 4-# 7 4-7

C3 # 3@15- 45 # 3@15- 45 45
25cm 25cm 315-25cm
4-# 6 4-# 6 4-6

35 35 35

4-# 7 4-# 7 4-7

C4 # 3@15- 45 # 3@15- 45 45
315-25cm
25cm 25cm
6-# 6 6-# 6 4-6

24 24 25
6-6 6-6 6-# 6
C5 45 45 # 3@15- 45
315-25cm 315-25cm
25cm
2-5 2-5 2-# 5

4.4
94


4.5

4.6

95


4.7

4.8

96


0.6
AC
(g)

0.4

0.2





0
b
b
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

4.9

4.10

97


4.11

4.12(a)

98


1 2 4

30 30
2-#6 2-#5 30
4-#6
#3@15-25 #3@15-25
#3@15-25

60 60 40

2-#6
2-#7
4-#6 4-#6

4.13(b)

4.14

99


4.15

4.16(a)

4.16(b)

100
 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44

27 28 29 30 31 32

25 26

101
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1B 4.17

 33 58 34 35 59 36 62 37 38 63 39 66 40 41 67 42 43 44

27 28 29 30 31 32

25 26

102
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

45 48 49 52 53 56

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

4.18



103


4.1 X (g)

X
Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
181.12 1.291 1.291 1.898 0.245
3
135.55 2.374 2.374 1.420 0.337
+X 200.01 2.592 2.592 1.166 0.302
2 0.213
218.63 2.068 2.068 1.275 0.264
241.24 2.278 2.278 1.148 0.261
1
213.89 2.090 2.090 1.018 0.213
0.213
180.98 1.293 1.293 1.896 0.245
3
132.21 2.406 2.406 1.385 0.333
-X 199.81 2.59 2.59 1.165 0.302
2 0.229
218.94 2.013 2.013 1.277 0.257
241.19 2.291 2.291 1.147 0.263
1
213.84 2.254 2.254 1.017 0.229

4.2 X ()(g)
X
Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
3F() 181.12 1.291 1.291 1.898 0.245
477.82 1.000 1.000 5.010 0.501
3MF
445.16 1.009 1.009 4.303 0.434
3F() 135.55 2.374 2.374 1.42 0.337
2F() 200.01 2.592 2.592 1.166 0.302
463.88 1.000 1.000 2.706 0.271
+X 2MF
432.58 1.004 1.004 2.438 0.245 0.213
2F() 218.63 2.068 2.068 1.275 0.264
1F() 241.24 2.157 2.157 1.111 0.240
457.43 1.001 1.001 2.175 0.218
1MF
479.37 2.278 2.278 1.148 0.261
1F() 213.89 2.09 2.09 1.018 0.213
0.213
3F() 180.98 1.293 1.293 1.896 0.245
478.50 1.000 1.000 5.018 0.505
3MF
446.52 1.009 1.009 4.303 0.434
3F() 132.21 2.406 2.406 1.385 0.333
2F() 199.81 2.590 2.590 1.165 0.302
464.58 1.000 1.000 2.706 0.271
-X 2MF 0.218
438.50 1.006 1.006 2.440 0.247
2F() 218.94 2.013 2.013 1.277 0.257
1F() 241.19 2.160 2.160 1.113 0.242
460.41 1.001 1.001 2.175 0.218
1MF
482.38 2.291 2.291 1.147 0.263
1F() 213.84 2.254 2.254 1.017 0.229

104


4.3 X ()(g)
X
Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
181.12 1.291 1.291 1.898 0.245
3
135.55 2.374 2.374 1.420 0.337
+X 200.01 2.592 2.592 1.166 0.302
2 0.213
218.63 2.068 2.068 1.275 0.264
241.24 2.278 2.278 1.148 0.261
1
213.89 2.090 2.090 1.018 0.213
0.213
180.98 1.293 1.293 1.896 0.245
3
132.21 2.406 2.406 1.385 0.333
-X 199.81 2.59 2.59 1.165 0.302
2 0.229
218.94 2.013 2.013 1.277 0.257
241.19 2.291 2.291 1.147 0.263
1
213.84 2.254 2.254 1.017 0.229

b b
b = b = 300cm b = b = 300cm
AC

105


b b
b = b = 300cm b = b = 300cm
AC

4.6 ()
b () b()
b = b = 300cm b = b = 300cm
AC 50cm 70cm 100cm () ()

0.245 0.412 0.432 0.458 0.700 0.895

3F
0.337 0.438 0.452 0.492 0.752 0.956

0.302 0.362 0.375 0.402 0.725 0.815

2F
0.263 0.315 0.325 0.352 0.582 0.718

0.261 0.300 0.295 0.323 0.552 0.659

1F
0.213 0.342 0.352 0.336 0.592 0.742

4.6.1


A c (g)
2 2
Pu (kgf ) E u (kgf / cm ) A d (cm )

113152 960 338 0.241

12027 13307 289 0.263

93763 19456 7371 0.323

106


4.7 X ()()
X
Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
3F() 192.53 1.273 1.273 2.309 0.294
464.68 1.000 1.000 5.572 0.577
3MF
619.50 1.002 1.002 8.579 0.860
3F() 180.68 1.866 1.866 2.502 0.467
2F() 219.16 2.355 2.355 1.386 0.326
454.29 1.001 1.001 2.873 0.287
+X 2MF 0.222
592.16 1.006 1.006 5.135 0.517
2F() 260.73 1.663 1.663 2.261 0.376
1F() 256.75 2.093 2.093 1.299 0.272
440.36 1.001 1.001 3.125 0.222
1MF
593.21 1.009 1.009 4.429 0.447
1F() 392.21 1.084 1.084 2.061 0.223
0.222
3F() 194.85 1.278 1.278 2.315 0.297
470.65 1.000 1.000 5.580 0.580
3MF
617.48 1.004 1.004 8.585 0.868
3F() 184.33 1.870 1.870 2.512 0.470
2F() 220.26 2.360 2.360 1.392 0.333
-X 460.25 1.002 1.002 2.890 0.288 0.228
2MF
593.52 1.012 1.012 5.148 0.556
2F 262.22 1.666 1.666 2.265 0.379
1F() 258.89 2.102 2.102 1.312 0.282
445.63 1.002 1.002 3.123 0.228
1MF
595.41 1.012 1.012 4.430 0.455
1F() 276.21 1.090 1.090 2.068 0.225

107


4.8 X ()()

X
Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
3F() 196.66 1.318 1.318 2.352 0.341
387.25 1.001 1.001 4.738 0.519
3MF
661.33 1.004 1.004 8.579 0.905
3F() 186.80 1.912 1.912 2.552 0.503
2F() 225.00 2.402 2.402 1.432 0.362
382.39 1.002 1.002 2.480 0.291
+X 2MF
616.36 1.007 1.007 5.185 0.560 0.272
2F() 273.69 1.698 1.698 2.301 0.419
1F() 264.02 2.142 2.142 1.349 0.320
379.20 1.002 1.002 3.100 0.272
1MF
583.88 1.010 1.010 4.478 0.482
1F() 294.27 1.125 1.125 2.112 0.273
0.273
3F() 199.85 1.326 1.326 2.364 0.351
389.58 1.002 1.002 4.747 0.528
3MF
662.33 1.005 1.005 8.586 0.916
3F() 186.58 1.920 1.920 2.560 0.512
2F() 229.05 2.409 2.409 1.440 0.370
383.49 1.003 1.003 2.486 0.298
-X 2MF 0.280
618.45 1.007 1.007 5.194 0.569
2F() 274.69 1.705 1.705 2.308 0.423
1F() 266.02 2.149 2.149 1.354 0.328
379.25 1.002 1.002 3.108 0.280
1MF
585.68 1.010 1.010 4.485 0.490
1F() 295.77 1.134 1.134 2.121 0.284

108


4.9 X ()()

X
Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
3F() 250.63 1.405 1.405 2.954 0.398
426.25 1.021 1.021 5.265 0.568
3MF
708.32 1.018 1.018 8.963 0.952
3F() 245.23 1.950 1.950 2.968 0.556
2F() 270.89 2.412 2.412 1.965 0.418
445.23 1.010 1.010 2.856 0.346
+X 2MF
675.21 1.015 1.015 5.598 0.618 0.326
2F() 333.26 1.721 1.721 2.921 0.472
1F() 325.63 2.160 2.160 1.845 0.385
434.41 1.010 1.010 3.532 0.326
1MF
642.02 1.018 1.018 4.958 0.542
1F() 352.33 1.129 1.129 2.635 0.336
0.329
3F() 252.36 1.404 1.404 2.958 0.399
423.22 1.019 1.019 5.266 0.570
3MF
704.87 1.020 1.020 8.965 0.954
3F() 242.36 1.950 1.950 2.967 0.557
2F() 268.35 2.413 2.413 1.963 0.415
448.32 1.010 1.010 2.854 0.340
-X 2MF 0.329
678.67 1.016 1.016 5.540 0.620
2F() 338.21 1.720 1.720 2.925 0.473
1F() 324.32 2.160 2.160 1.846 0.384
433.25 1.012 1.012 3.534 0.329
1MF
640.25 1.020 1.020 4.959 0.548
1F() 353.24 1.131 1.131 2.638 0.340

4.9.1


A c (g)
2 2
Pu (kgf ) E u (kgf / cm ) A d (cm )

48209 10125 797 0.223

25829 46065 1672 0.272

15606 97417 411 0.326

109


4.10 X (#3@15~25cm )
X
Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
3F() 192.53 1.273 1.273 2.309 0.294
390.99 1.000 1.000 4.688 0.469
3MF
619.50 1.002 1.002 8.579 0.860
3F() 180.68 1.866 1.866 2.502 0.467
2F() 219.16 2.355 2.355 1.386 0.326
384.51 1.000 1.000 2.432 0.243
+X 2MF
592.16 1.006 1.006 5.135 0.517 0.220
2F() 260.73 1.663 1.663 2.261 0.376
1F() 256.75 2.093 2.093 1.299 0.272
380.80 1.000 1.000 2.950 0.220
1MF
593.50 1.009 1.009 4.429 0.447
1F() 276.21 1.084 1.084 2.061 0.222
0.220
3F() 194.85 1.278 1.278 2.315 0.297
393.20 1.000 1.000 4.692 0.475
3MF
617.48 1.004 1.004 8.585 0.868
3F() 184.33 1.870 1.870 2.512 0.470
2F() 220.26 2.360 2.360 1.392 0.333
-X 386.42 1.000 1.000 2.432 0.243 0.225
2MF
593.52 1.012 1.012 5.148 0.556
2F 262.22 1.666 1.666 2.265 0.379
1F() 258.89 2.102 2.102 1.312 0.282
381.81 1.002 1.002 2.958 0.225
1MF
595.41 1.012 1.012 4.430 0.455
1F() 276.21 1.090 1.090 2.068 0.237

4.11 X ()(g)16

Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
2F() 166.7 1.06 1.06 1.983 0.21
300.2 1.01 1.01 3.57 0.359
2MF
151.1 1.01 1.01 4.083 0.412
2F() 74.7 1.31 1.31 2.018 0.265
+X
1F() 184.1 1.25 1.25 1.386 0.174 0.174
315.4 1.01 1.01 2.375 0.24
1MF
206.5 1.02 1.02 2.481 0.252
1F() 121.7 1.19 1.19 1.462 0.175

110


4.12 X ()(g)()

Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
2F() 243.05 1.211 1.134 2.838 0.322
230.49 1.000 1.000 2.660 0.266
2MF
317.55 1.000 1.000 4.859 0.486
2F() 168.57 1.322 1.196 1.968 0.235
+X
1F() 189.10 1.341 1.206 1.461 0.180 0.175
229.46 1.000 1.000 1.773 0.175
1MF
301.64 1.000 1.000 3.018 0.302
1F() 195.33 1.129 1.085 1.954 0.212

4.13 X ()(g)()

Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
2F() 272.63 1.229 1.148 3.252 0.372
262.01 1.003 1.001 3.102 0.316
2MF
345.36 1.005 1.002 5.362 0.531
2F() 200.32 1.336 1.212 2.452 0.282
+X
1F() 222.01 1.358 1.220 2.036 0.239 0.225
256.32 1.003 1.002 2.284 0.225
1MF
332.62 1.005 1.002 3.593 0.348
1F() 222.36 1.136 1.101 2.485 0.262

4.14 X ()(g)()

Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
2F() 325.25 1.234 1.153 3.303 0.423
310.96 1.005 1.004 3.152 0.364
2MF
392.81 1.007 1.004 5.413 0.582
2F() 248.32 1.341 1.216 2.509 0.339
+X
1F() 275.62 1.364 1.225 2.088 0.292 0.274
302.91 1.005 1.004 2.332 0.274
1MF
386.31 1.007 1.004 3.643 0.392
1F() 273.26 1.142 1.107 2.536 0.316

111


4.15 X ()(g)()

Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
2F() 249.20 1.213 1.136 2.844 0.327
234.32 1.00 1.000 2.664 0.271
2MF
322.95 1.000 1.000 4.864 0.492
2F() 173.91 1.324 1.199 1.973 0.239
+X
1F() 194.65 1.343 1.208 1.466 0.185 0.180
234.26 1.000 1.000 1.778 0.180
1MF
305.90 1.000 1.000 3.023 0.308
1F() 201.36 1.132 1.087 1.959 0.217

4.16 X ()(g)()
X
Vf Ra Fu ay Ac ( g )
(g)
255.36 1.206 1.206 3.886 0.469
3
192.51 1.981 1.981 2.929 0.580
+X 292.05 1.893 1.893 2.526 0.478
2 0.359
297.83 1.512 1.512 2.576 0.390
328.00 1.561 1.561 2.326 0.363
1
262.36 1.928 1.928 1.860 0.359
0.359
257.25 1.207 1.207 3.888 0.472
3
193.56 1.983 1.983 2.930 0.582
-X 291.08 1.892 1.892 2.525 0.475
2 0.362
298.03 1.514 1.514 2.580 0.392
330.63 1.561 1.561 2.326 0.365
1
263.02 1.930 1.930 1.863 0.362
4.17 ()
b ()
AC 50cm 100cm 150cm 200cm

0.245 0.353 0.354 0.376 0.408

3F
0.337 0.382 0.394 0.413 0.442

0.302 0.302 0.319 0.331 0.366

2F
0.263 0.258 0.267 0.282 0.305

0.261 0.233 0.241 0.253 0.275

1F
0.213 0.288 0.249 0.261 0.283

112


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89 9 ~ 91 6

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