ABUTMENT : Bendung .

1. Input

B1 B2 Dimension

Rb1
+ 80.45 HT = 13.05 m
B1 = 0.90 m
H1 B2 = 0.40 m
B3 = 0.40 m
Rh1 + 79.00 B4 = 2.25 m
B5 = 1.80 m
H5
B6 = 4.95 m
BT = 9.00 m
B3 H6 H1 = 1.45 m
H10 Slope 1:n H1 max = 1.45 m
HT + 75.00 H2 = 10.00 m
H2 H3 = 0.60 m
H4 = 1.00 m
ho H5 = 1.00 m
+ 74.00 H6 = 0.40 m
H10 = 11.45 m
ho = 8.60 m
Hw2
Abutment width BL = 5.00 m
+ 69.00 Support from Parapet = 0.45 m
Hw1
H3 Rh1 = 0.73 m
Rb1 = 0.45 m
H4 Hw1 = 6.60 m
+ 67.40 Hw2 = 7.60 m
BT Slope = 0.0 slope 1:n
(in case no soil on toe side, input "0")
B4 B5 B6
Design Load for Parapet
Unit Weight Wheel load of T-Load
Soil 1.80 t/m3 T = 10.0 ton
Soil (saturated) 2.00 t/m3 Contact width of T-load
Concrete 2.40 t/m3 a = 0.20 m
Effective width of road = 3.00 m
Reaction of superstructure Thickness of pavement = 0.05 m
Normal Vn=Rd+Rl 137.96 ton
Seismic Ve=Rd 71.27 ton With Impact Plate? Yes
He= 12.83 ton (He=2 kh Rd, for fixed bearing) (Input Yes or No)
Type of bearing Movable (He=kh Rd, for movable bearing) Width of Corbel Lp= 0.30 m
(Input Fixed or Movable) Thickness of Impact Plate = 0.30 m
Surcharge Load 0.70 t/m2 Length of Impact plate 3.00 m
Soil depth above plate 0.70 m
Parameters
q: surcharge load (t/m2) 0.70
q' : surcharge load (t/m2) (=0) 0.00
g: unit weight of earth (t/m3) 1.80
w: ground surface angle (degree) 0.00
f: internal friction angle (degree) 30.00
d 1: friction angle between earth and wall (degree) normal 20.00 (=2/3f)
d 2: friction angle between earth and earth (degree) normal 0.00
d E1: friction angle between earth and wall (degree) seismic 15.00 (=1/2f)
d E2: friction angle between earth and earth (degree) seismic 24.20
b: wall angle (degree) 0.00
c: cohesion of soil (t/m2) (do not consider) 0.00
kh : 0.18
Uc: Uplift coefficient 1.00
f: Friction Coefficient =Tan f b = 0.60
N-SPT : 50.00
Qa : Allowable bearing capacity normal t/m2 20.83 ( max. 20.83 t/m2 for soil foundation)
Qae: Allowable bearing capacity seismic t/m2 31.25 ( max. 31.25 t/m2 for soil foundation)

Normal condition Seismic condition

Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175
Creep strain coefficient (concrete) 0.0035 0.0035
Reinforcement concrete
Allowable stress
Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 90
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 2775
Shearing ta kgf/m2 (concrete) 5.5 8.25
tma kgf/m2 (stirrup) 14 21
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar
ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000
Young's modulus (reinforcement bar) 2100000 2100000
Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 16

1/33 373099489.xls,Input
2. Check
2.1 Stability Analysis

Normal condition Seismic condition

Overturning e= -0.32 m e= -0.62 m
BT / 6 = 1.50 m BT / 3 = 3.00 m
(e < BT/6) OK (e < BT/3) OK
Sliding Fs =Hu / H= 2.65 Fs =Hu / H= 1.26
Fs > 2.00 OK Fs > 1.25 OK
Settlement Qmax = 13.19 t/m2 Qmax = 10.56 t/m2
(bearing capacity) Qmax < Qa OK Qmax < Qa OK
Qa = 20.8 t/m2 Qae= 31.3 t/m2

2.2 Structural Analysis

(1) Body Section A-A Section B-B

Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Bar arrangement
Back face (tensile bar) f (mm) 25 25 25 25
(vertical) spacing (mm) 90 90 180 180
As (cm2) 273 273 136 136
Front face (compressive bar) f (mm) 25 25 25 25
(vertical) spacing (mm) 180 ok 180 ok 180 ok 180 ok
( As' > 0.5 As, cm2 ) 136 >=136.4 136 >=136.4 136 >=68.2 136 >=68.2
Hoop bar (horizontal) f (mm) 16 16
interval (mm) 200 200
Max interval (mm) 300 300
Design dimensions
Effective width (whole width) (cm) 500 500 500 500
Concrete cover : d1(cm) 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5
d2(cm) 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5
Effective height (cm) : d-d1(cm) 172.5 172.5 109.7 109.7
Design load Mf (t m) 704.25 1210.07 144.44 235.25
Nd (t) 321.86 255.17 219.11 152.42
S (t) 118.55 240.87 42.67 84.04
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2) 258 356 53 84
Checking of allowable stress as rectangular beam as column as rectangular beam as column
Compressive stress sc kgf/cm2 33 ok 58 ok 22 ok 32 ok
Bending stress ss kgf/cm2 1676 ok 2212 ok 1050 ok 1194 ok
ss' kgf/cm2 - 787 ok - 393 ok
Mean shearing stress tm kgf/cm2 1.54 ok 3.03 ok 3.04 ok 1.66 ok

(2) Footing Toe side Heel side

(Normal / Seismic) Normal Seismic
Bar arrangement
Upper (tensile bar) f (mm) 25 25
(bridge axis) spacing (mm) 150 150
As1 (cm2) 32.72
(compressive bar) f (mm) 25
(bridge axis) spacing (mm) 300 ok
As2' (cm2, >0.5 As2) 16.36 >=8.18
(distribution bar) f (mm) 19 19 19
spacing (mm) 300 ok 100 ok 100 ok
Aso (cm2, >As /3) 9.45 >=5.45 28.35 >=4.50 28.35 >=10.91
Lower (tensile bar) f (mm) 25
(bridge axis) spacing (mm) 300
As2 (cm2) 16.36
(compressive bar) f (mm) 25 25
(bridge axis) spacing (mm) 300 ok 300 ok
As1' (cm2, >0.5 As1) 16.36 >=4.50 16.36 >=16.36
(distribution bar) f (mm) 19 19 19
spacing (mm) 150 ok 200 ok 200 ok
Aso (cm2, >As /3) 18.90 >=5.45 14.18 >=5.45 14.18 >=5.45
Design dimensions
Effective width (unit width) (cm) 100 100 100
Concrete cover : d1(cm) 7.5 7.5 7.5
d2(cm) 7.5 7.5 7.5
Effective height (cm) : d-d1(cm) 92.5 92.5 92.5
Design load Mf 27.63 128.15 75.76
Nd 0.00 0.00 0.00
S 24.70 56.47 38.67
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2) 11.47 53.18 20.20
Checking of allowable stress
Compressive stress 12.58 ok 44.33 ok 30.68 ok
Bending stress 1,187.67 ok 2,825.55 Check 1,643.98 ok
Mean shearing stress 1.74 ok 4.07 ok 2.75 ok

2/33 373099489.xls,Input
(3) Parapet With Impact Plate Without Impact Plate With Impact Plate
Normal Normal Seismic
Bar arrangement
Back face (tensile bar) f (mm) 12 16
(vertical) spacing (mm) 250 250
As1 (cm2) 8.04
(compressive bar) f (mm) 16
(vertical) spacing (mm) 250 ok
As1 (cm2, >As3/2) 8.04 >=8.04
(distribution bar) f (mm) 12 12 12
(horizontal) spacing (mm) 250 250 ok 250 ok
As2 (cm2, >As1/3) 4.52 >=4.50 4.52 >=4.50
Front face (tensile bar) f (mm) 16
(vertical) spacing (mm) 125
As3 (cm2, >As1/2) 16.08
(compressive bar) f (mm) 12 16
(vertical) spacing (mm) 125 ok
As3 (cm2, >As1/2) 16.08 >=4.50
(distribution bar) f (mm) 12 16 16
(horizontal) spacing (mm) 250 ok 250 ok
As6 (cm2, >As3/3) 8.04 >=5.36 8.04 >=5.36
Design dimensions
Effective width (unit width) (cm) 100 100
Concrete cover of fronf face (cm) 7
Concrete cover of back face (cm) 10 10
Effective height (cm) 33 30
Design load Mf (t m) 5.189 1.570
Nd (t) 0.000 0.000
S (t) 0.000 1.599
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2) 10.78 3.14
Checking of allowable stress
Compressive stress 19.04 ok 12.92 ok
Bending stress 1239.88 ok 722.95 ok
Mean shearing stress 0 ok 0.59 ok

(4) Impact Plate and Corbel

Impact Plate Corbel
Upper Lower Upper Lower
Bar arrangement
(main bar) f (mm) 16 19 19 16
spacing (mm) 300 ok 150 300 300 ok
As1 (cm2) 6.70 >=4.50 18.90 9.45 6.70 >=4.50
(distribution bar) f (mm) 16 12 12 12
spacing (mm) 300 ok 250 ok 250 ok 250 ok
As2 (cm2, >As1/6) 6.70 >=4.50 4.52 >=4.50 4.52 >=4.50 4.52 >=4.50
Design dimensions
Effective width (unit width) (cm) 100 100 100 100
Concrete cover (cm) 5 5 7 7
Effective height (cm) 25 25 23 23
Design load Mf (t m) 5.818 3.146
Nd (t) - -
S (t) - -
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2) 14.73 8.66
Checking of allowable stress
Compressive stress 48.88 ok 37.88 ok
Bending stress 1447.22 ok 1642.35 ok
Mean shearing stress - -

3/33 373099489.xls,Input
DIMENSIONS OF ABUTMENT

B1 B2 Abutment Type BM-100

Super Structure Type T-Beam

Rb1

H1
Rh1

H5

B3 H6
H10

HT H2
ho

H3

H4

B4 B5 B6

Super structure Type T-Beam BT

Unit :m
Dimensions Abutment Support
HT B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 BT H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H10 ho Width BL from Parapet
13.05 0.90 0.40 0.40 2.25 1.80 4.95 9.00 1.45 10.00 0.60 1.00 1.00 0.40 11.45 8.60 5.00 0.45
H1 max 1.45
Hw1 Hw2 Rh1 Rb1 Width of impact plate (Corbel), Lp= 0.30 m Thickness of impact plate Ft= 0.30 m
6.60 7.60 0.73 0.45

WEIGHT OF ABUTMENT LOAD AND MOMENT

B1 B2 Area unit Vertical Distance Moment
No. weight Load X Y X Y
m2 t/m3 t/m m m t.m/m t.m/m
Bimp Body 1 0.580 2.40 1.392 3.350 12.325 4.663 17.156
15 2 2.520 2.40 6.048 2.700 10.900 16.330 65.923
H1 1.45 10 16 3 0.400 2.40 0.960 3.350 11.100 3.216 10.656
1 11 4 0.080 2.40 0.192 3.283 10.133 0.630 1.946
17
18 5 7.740 2.40 18.576 2.700 5.900 50.155 109.598
5' 3.870 2.40 9.288 3.450 4.467 32.044 41.486
3 H5 19
2
6 0.675 2.40 1.620 1.500 1.200 2.430 1.944
10.00 12
4 21 20 7 1.080 2.40 2.592 3.150 1.300 8.165 3.370
1: 0 8 1.485 2.40 3.564 5.700 1.200 20.315 4.277
22' H6
9 9.000 2.40 21.600 4.500 0.500 97.200 10.800
HT H10 2.60 10 0.090 2.40 0.216 3.700 12.600 0.799 2.722
B3 22
13.05 11.45 11 0.045 2.40 0.108 3.650 12.350 0.394 1.334
H2 0.00 0.00 Sub-total 27.565 66.156 236.341 271.212
5
ho
10.00 13 Total 137.83 330.780 1181.71 1356.06
6.00 8.60 Soil
Toe 12 0.000 1.80 0.000 1.500 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.00 13 0.000 1.80 0.000 1.125 1.600 0.000 0.000
14 0.000 1.80 0.000 0.750 1.400 0.000 0.000
5' 23
13' 0.000 2.00 0.000 1.125 1.600 0.000 0.000
Hw1 14' 0.675 2.00 1.350 0.750 1.400 1.013 1.890
14 6 7 8
6.60 0.60 Sub-total 0.675 1.350 1.013 1.890
9
Hw2 Total 3.375 6.750 5.063 9.450
1.00 7.60
Heel 10 0.090 0.00 0.000 3.700 12.350 0.000 0.000
9.00 11 0.045 0.00 0.000 3.650 12.350 0.000 0.000
BT 15 4.633 1.80 8.339 6.275 12.900 52.324 107.567
B4 B5 B6 16 1.425 1.80 2.565 6.425 12.600 16.480 32.319
17 1.425 1.80 2.565 6.425 12.300 16.480 31.550
2.25 1.80 4.95 18 0.045 1.80 0.081 3.750 12.250 0.304 0.992
19 5.450 1.80 9.810 6.275 11.175 61.558 109.627
20 2.180 1.80 3.924 6.275 10.400 24.623 40.810
Unit Weight 21 0.080 1.80 0.144 3.417 10.333 0.492 1.488
Soil 1800 kg/m3 22 12.870 1.80 23.166 6.525 8.900 151.158 206.177
Soil (saturated) 2000 kg/m3 Total Surcharge Load (t) 20.475 22' 1.720 1.80 3.096 4.317 7.333 151.158 206.177
Concrete 2400 kg/m3 Acting Point (m) 6.725 23 29.700 2.00 59.400 6.525 4.600 387.585 273.240
23' 1.485 2.00 2.970 7.350 1.200 21.830 3.564
Sub-total 61.15 116.06 883.99 1013.51
Total 305.74 580.30 4419.96 5067.55

Canal Slope 0 Slope 1:n Xo=SMx/SV Yo=SMy/SV

Reaction Body 3.572 m 4.1 m
Normal Vn= Rd+Rl= 137.96 ton Hn=0 Soil Toe 0.75 m 1.4 m
Seismic Ve= =Rd= 71.27 ton Heel 7.617 m 8.733 m
He= 12.83 ton
Surcharge Load : qs= 0.70 t/m2

4/33 373099489.xls,Stability
EARTH PRESSURE
qs Parameters
q qs : surcharge load (t/m2) 0.7
q' : surcharge load (t/m2) (=0) 0.0
g: unit weight of earth (t/m3) 1.8
H1 qa1
1.45 g sat: unit weight of earth (t/m3) 2
w: ground surface angle (degree) 0.0
f: internal friction angle (degree) 30.0
d 1: friction angle between earth and wall (degree) normal 20.0 (=2/3f)
d 2: friction angle between earth and earth (degree) normal 0
H10 d E1: friction angle between earth and wall (degree) seismic 15 (=1/2f)
HT 11.45 d E2: friction angle between earth and earth (degree) seismic 24.2
H2
13.05 b: wall angle (degree) 0.0
10.00 c: cohesion of soil (t/m2) (do not consider) 0.0
kh : 0.18

w: ground surface angle (radian) 0.000

f: internal friction angle (radian) 0.524
6.60 7.60 d 1: friction angle between earth and wall (radian) normal 0.349
H3
0.60 d 2: friction angle between earth and earth (radian) normal 0.000
H4
1.00 d E1: friction angle between earth and wall (radian) seismic 0.262
d E2: friction angle between earth and earth (radian) seismic 0.422
qw2 qa2 qa3
qu1 b: wall angle (radian) 0.000
qu2 a: tan-1 kh (radian) 0.178
9.00 d E: internal friction angle seismic condition f/2(radian) 0.262
BT Uc: uplift coefficient 1.0

Earth Pressure

Normal Condition Seismic Condition

Description Description
Pa : active earth pressure (t/m2/m) 56.061 Pea : active earth pressure (t/m2/m) 69.725
Ka 1: coefficient of active earth pressure, earth and earth 0.333 Kea1 : coefficient of active earth pressure 0.438
Ka 2: coefficient of active earth pressure, wall and earth 0.297 0.433
y: Vertical acting point 4.406 y: Vertical acting point 4.284
X: Horizontal acting point = BT 9.0 X: Horizontal acting point = BT 9.0
PV : Vertical Pressure = Pa sin d 0 PV : Vertical Pressure = Pea sin dE 28.582
PH : Horizontal Pressure = Pa cos d 56.061 PH : Horizontal Pressure = Pea cos dE 63.598

qa1 = 0.333 x 0.70 = 0.233 qa1 = 0.438 x 0.00 = 0.000

qa2 = 0.333 x 5.45 x 1.80 = 3.270 qa2 = 0.438 x 5.45 x 1.80 = 4.301
qa3 = 0.333 x 7.60 x 2.00 = 5.067 qa3 = 0.438 x 7.60 x 2.00 = 6.664
qw2 = -6.600 x 1.00 = -6.600 qw2 = -6.600 x 1.00 = -6.600
qu1 = -6.60 x 1.0 = -6.60 qu1 = -6.60 x 1.0 -6.60
qu2 = -7.60 x 1.0 = -7.60 qu2 = -7.60 x 1.0 -7.60

Normal condition Seismic condition

No. Description H Y HY No. Description H Y HY

Pa1 = 0.233 x 13.050 = 3.045 6.525 19.869 Pa1= 0.000 x 13.050 = 0.000 6.525 0.000
Pa2 = 3.270 x 5.450 x 0.500 = 8.911 9.417 83.910 Pa2 = 4.301 x 5.450 x 0.500 = 11.719 9.417 110.356
Pa2' = 3.270 x 7.600 = 24.852 3.800 94.438 Pa2' = 4.301 x 7.600 = 32.685 3.800 124.202
Pa3 = 5.067 x 7.600 x 0.500 = 19.253 2.533 48.775 Pa3 = 6.664 x 7.600 x 0.500 = 25.321 2.533 64.148
Total (Pa) 56.061 4.406 246.991 Total 69.725 4.284 298.705
Pw2 = -6.600 x 6.600 x 0.500 = -21.780 2.200 -47.916 Pw2 = -6.600 x 6.600 x 0.500 = -21.780 2.200 -47.916
Total -21.780 2.200 -47.916 Total -21.780 2.200 -47.916

No. Description V X VX No. Description V X VX

Pu1 = -6.600 x 9.000 x 0.500 = -29.700 3.000 -89.100 Pu1 = -6.60 x 9.000 x 0.500 = -29.700 3.000 -89.100
Pu2 = -7.600 x 9.000 x 0.500 = -34.200 6.000 -205.200 Pu2 = -7.60 x 9.000 x 0.500 = -34.200 6.000 -205.200
Total -63.900 4.606 -294.300 Total -63.900 4.606 -294.300

5/33 373099489.xls,Stability
STABILITY ANALYSIS
Case 1 Normal Condition

1 Moment and Acting Point

Description V Load HLoad Distance (m) Moment (t.m)

V (t) H (t) X Y Mx My
Body 330.78 3.57 4.10 1181.55 0.00 Combined Acting Point
Soil Toe 6.75 0.75 1.40 5.06 0.00 Xo=(SMx-SMy)/SV 4.823 m
Heel 580.30 7.62 8.73 4420.13 0.00
Reaction (bridge) 137.96 0.00 2.70 11.60 372.50 0.00 Eccentric Distance
Earth Pressure 0.00 280.31 9.00 4.41 0.00 1234.95 e=(BT/2-Xo) -0.323 m
Hydrostatic pressure 0.00 (108.90) 2.20 (239.58)
Uplift pressure (319.50) 4.61 (1471.50) Bending Moment M =SV x e -244.61 t.m
Surcharge Load 20.48 0.00 6.73 0.00 137.69 0.00
S 756.76 171.41 4645.43 995.37

2 Stability Analysis

2.1 Over Turnng

e<=(BT/6) e= -0.323 m BT/6 is larger than e? OK

BT/6= 1.500 m

2.2 Sliding

Friction Coefficient =Tan f b = 0.60

Shearing registance force at base
Hu=V . Tan f b 454.06 tf
Safety Rate against sliding
Fs=Hu/H 2.649 Fs is larger than 2.0 ? OK

2.3 Settlement e

Allowale bearing capacity Qa 20.83 tf/m2 V

Reaction from the Foundation H
V 6M
Q max( min)= Q min
BLBT BLBT 2
Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max Q max
Q max = 13.193 tf/m2 Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK

Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max BT

Q min = 20.441 tf/m2

Case 2 Seismic Condition

1 Moment and Acting Point

Description V Load HLoad Distance (m) Moment (t.m)

V (t) H (t) X Y Mx My
Body 330.78 59.54 3.57 4.10 1181.5 244.12 Combined Acting Point
Soil Toe 6.75 0.75 1.40 5.06 0.00 Xo=(SMx-SMy)/SV 5.123 m
Heel 580.3 104.45 7.62 8.73 4420.1 912.2
Reaction (bridge) 71.27 12.83 2.70 12.33 192.43 158.12 Eccentric Distance
Earth Pressure 142.91 317.99 9.00 4.28 1286.2 1362.3 e=(BT/2-Xo) -0.623 m
Hydrostatic pressure (108.90) 2.20 (47.92)
Uplift pressue (319.50) 4.61 (294.30) Bending Moment M =SV x e -505.98 t.m
Surcharge Load 0.00 0.00 9.00 4.41 0.00 0.00
S 812.5 385.91 6791 2628.8

2 Stability Analysis

2.1 Over Turnng

e<=(BT/3) e= -0.623 m BT/3 is larger than e? OK

BT/3= 3.000 m

2.2 Sliding

Friction Coefficient =Tan f b = 0.6

Shearing registance force at base
Hu=V . Tan f b 487.51 tf
Safety Rate anaginst sliding
Fs=Hu/H 1.263 Fs is larger than 1.25 ? OK

2.3 Settlement

Allowale bearing capacity Qa 31.25 tf/m2 e

Reaction from the Foundation e > BT/6 ?
V
in case e<BT/6 in case e>BT/6 H

V 6M X=3(BT/2-e) = 15.368 m
Q max( min)=
BLBT BLBT 2
Q
Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max Foundation Reaction Qe
Q max = 10.560 tf/m2 Q=2V/(BL.X)= 21.148 tf/m2

Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

X
Q min = 25.552 tf/m2

BT
Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK Qe is smaller than Qa? OK
Qmax = 10.56 tf/m2
Qmin = 25.55 tf/m2
X= 9.00 m

6/33 373099489.xls,Stability
Bearing Capacity of soil
(1) Design Data
fB = 30.00 o cB = 0.00 t/m2 gs' = 1.00 t/m3 (=gsat-gw)
B = 9.00 m z = 1.60 m L = 5.00 m

(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)

Calculation of ultimate bearing capacity will be obtained by appliying the following

Terzaghi's formula :

qu = a c Nc + gs' z Nq + b gs' B Ng

Shape factor (Table 2.5 of KP-06)

a = 1.21 b = 0.40

Shape of footing : rectangular, B x L

Shape of footing a b
1 strip 1.00 0.50
2 square 1.30 0.40
3 rectangular, B x L 1.21 0.40
(B < L) (= 1.09 + 0.21 B/L)
(B > L) (= 1.09 + 0.21 L/B)
4 circular, diameter = B 1.30 0.30

Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

Nc = 36.0 Nq = 23.0 Ng = 20.0

f Nc Nq Ng
0 5.7 0.0 0.0
5 7.0 1.4 0.0
10 9.0 2.7 0.2
15 12.0 4.5 2.3
20 17.0 7.5 4.7
25 24.0 13.0 9.5
30 36.0 23.0 20.0
35 57.0 44.0 41.0
37 70.0 50.0 55.0
39 > 82.0 50.0 73.0

a c Nc = 0.000
gs' z Nq = 36.800
b gs' B Ng = 72.000

qu = 108.80 t/m2

(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

qa = qu / 3 = 36.27 t/m2 (safety factor = 3 , normal condition)

qae = qu / 2 = 54.40 t/m2 (safety factor = 2 , seismic condition)

7/33 373099489.xls,Stability
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION

A ABUTMENT BODY
1 Load and Bending Moment of Abutment Body
Klik untuk menghitung
Dimensions unit:m
B1 B2 B1 B2 B3 B5 H1 H2 H5 H6 ho
0.90 0.40 0.40 1.80 1.45 10.00 1.00 0.40 8.60
Hw1 Hw2
5.00 6.00
Lp Abutment Width
0.60
H1 1
Bw= 5.00 m Plat Form of Impact Plate (Lp) = 0.30 m
1.45 Seismic Coefficient kh= 0.18
10
Support from Parapet hs= 0.45 m
3 11
2 H5
A-A section
4
Normal Seismic
H6 Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment Mi=
B3 No. Load X Mx Load Y My Mx+My
B B t/m m tf.m/m t/m m tf.m/m tf.m/m
H2 1 1.392 0.200 0.278 0.251 10.725 2.687 2.966
5
10.00 ho 2 6.048 0.450 2.722 1.089 9.300 10.124 12.846
B5 (H1+H2)/2 8.60 3 0.960 0.200 0.192 0.173 9.500 1.642 1.834
5.73 4 0.192 0.133 0.026 0.035 8.867 0.306 0.332
Y or 5 18.576 0.450 8.359 3.344 4.300 14.378 22.737
5.00 Hw1' 6.00 5' 9.288 -0.300 -2.786 1.672 2.867 4.793 2.006
5' 10 0.216 -0.550 -0.119 0.039 10.700 0.416 0.297
X
A A 11 0.108 -0.500 -0.054 0.019 10.450 0.203 0.149
X (0,0) S 36.780 8.618 6.620 34.549 43.167
Total 183.900 43.088 33.102 172.746 215.834
Section B-B
Where Hw1' is considered, this section is same as groundwater level.
Wehre Hw1' is not considered, this section is just half of (H1 + H2).
Distance AB: 6.00 m B-B section
Normal Seismic
Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment Mi=
No. Load X Mx Load Y My Mx+My
t/m m tf.m/m t/m m tf.m/m tf.m/m
1 1.392 -0.514 -0.715 0.251 4.725 1.184 0.468
2 6.048 0.136 0.823 1.089 3.300 3.593 4.415
3 0.960 -0.514 -0.493 0.173 3.500 0.605 0.111
4 0.192 -0.447 -0.086 0.035 2.867 0.099 0.013
5 5.616 0.136 0.764 1.011 1.300 1.314 2.078
5' 1.698 -0.405 -0.687 0.306 0.867 0.265 -0.422
10 0.216 -0.864 -0.187 0.039 4.700 0.183 -0.004
11 0.108 -0.814 -0.088 0.019 4.450 0.087 -0.001
S 16.230 -0.669 2.921 7.329 6.659
Total 81.149 -3.347 14.607 36.643 33.296

2 Load and Bending Moment due to Super Structure

Normal Seismic
Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment Mi=
No. Load X Mx Load Y My Mx+My
t/m m tf.m/m t/m m tf.m/m tf.m/m
Section A-A
Normal Rd + Rl 137.962 0.45 62.083 0.00 0.00 0.00 62.083
Seismic Rd 71.272 0.45 32.072 12.83 10.97 140.69 172.763
Section B-B
Normal Rd + Rl 137.962 0.45 62.083 0.00 0.00 0.00 62.083
Seismic Rd 71.272 0.45 32.072 12.83 4.97 63.72 95.790

3 Load and Bending Moment due to Earth and Water Pressure

1) Section B-B

a) Normal Condition
qa1
q1= qs*Ka q1= 0.208 tf/m
q2= (qs+g*H)*Ka q2= 3.125 tf/m
EaH= (q1+q2)*(1/2)*H*cosd Eah= 8.534 tf/m
y= [H*(2q1+q2)]/[3*(q1+q2)] y= 1.930 m H= 5.45 H1+H2
S= EaH*Bw S= 42.672 tf 11.45
My= EaH*Bw*y My= 82.362 tf.m B qa2

where, qs Surcharge Load 0.70 tf/m2 6.00

Ka2 coefficient of active earth pressure 0.297 5.00
g Unit weight of soil 1.8 tf/m3
Unit weight of saturated soil 2.0 tf/m3 A
d friction angle between earth and wall 0.3491 radian qw2 qa3
H depth11 5.45 m
y Acting Point (m)
S Shearing Force(tf)
Bw Abutment Width 5.00 m

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 b) Seismic Condition
qe1= q'*Kea qe1= 0.000 tf/m
qe2= (q'+g*H)*Kea qe2= 4.301 tf/m
EeH= (qe1+qe2)*(1/2)*H*cosd EaH= 11.320 tf/m
y= [H*(2qe1+qe2)]/[3*(qe1+qe2)] y= 1.817 m
S= EeH*Bw S= 56.599 tf
My= EeH*Bw*y My= 102.822 tf.m/m
where, q' Surcharge Load (seismic) 0 tf/m2
Kea coefficient of active earth pressure 0.438
g Unit weight of soil 1.8 tf/m3
d friction angle between earth and wall 0.2618 radian
H 5.45 m
y Acting Point (m)
S Shearing Force(tf)
Bw Abutment Width 5.00 m

2) Section A-A
a) Normal Condition
Description
EaH : active earth pressure (t/m2/m) = Pa . cos d 36.210
Ka2 : coefficient of active earth pressure 0.297
y: Vertical acting point y= 3.884
S=EaH*Bw S= 181.051
My=S*y My= 703.241

qa1 = 0.297 x 0.70 = 0.208

qa2 = 0.297 x 5.45 x 1.80 = 2.917
qa3 = 0.297 x 6.00 x 2.00 = 3.568
qw2 = -5.000 x 1.00 = -5.000

No. Description H Y HY
Pa1 = 0.208 x 11.450 = 2.383 5.725 13.643
Pa2 = 2.917 x 5.450 x 0.500 = 7.948 7.817 62.126
Pa2' = 2.917 x 6.000 = 17.500 3.000 52.500
Pa3 = 3.568 x 6.000 x 0.500 = 10.703 2.000 21.407
Total (Pa),per m 38.534 3.884 149.675
Pw2 = -5.000 x 5.000 x 0.500 = -12.500 1.667 -20.833
Total, per m -12.500 -20.833
Total (per width) width = 5.00 m -62.500 1.667 -104.167

b) Seismic Condition
Description
Pea : active earth pressure (t/m2/m) = Pa . cos d 51.489
Kea : coefficient of active earth pressure 0.438
y: Vertical acting point y= 3.763
S=EaH*Bw S= 257.443
My=S*y My= 968.728

qa1 = 0.438 x 0.00 = 0.000

qa2 = 0.438 x 5.45 x 1.80 = 4.301
qa3 = 0.438 x 6.00 x 2.00 = 5.261
qw2 = -5.000 x 1.00 = -5.000

No. Description H Y HY
Pa1= 0.000 x 11.450 = 0.000 5.725 0.000
Pa2 = 4.301 x 5.450 x 0.500 = 11.719 7.817 91.605
Pa2' = 4.301 x 6.000 = 25.804 3.000 77.411
Pa3 = 5.261 x 6.000 x 0.500 = 15.782 2.000 31.564
Total (per m) 53.305 3.763 200.580
Pw2 = -5.000 x 5.000 x 0.500 = -12.500 1.667 -20.833
Total (per m) -12.500 -20.833
Total (per width) width= 5.00 m -62.500 1.667 -104.167

4 Summary of Intersectional Force

Normal Condition Seismic Condition
Description Moment Load Shearing Moment Load Shearing
M (tfm) N (tf) S (tf) M (tfm) N (tf) S (tf)
Section A-A
Abutment Body 43.09 183.90 0.00 172.75 183.90 33.10
Reaction at Abutment 62.08 137.96 0.00 172.76 71.27 12.83
Hydrostatic pressure -104.17 0.00 -62.50 -104.17 0.00 -62.50
Earth Pressure 703.24 0.00 181.05 968.73 0.00 257.44 1.3775192
Total 704.25 321.86 118.55 1,210 255.17 240.87
Section B-B
Abutment Body 0.00 81.15 0.00 36.64 81.15 14.61
Reaction at Abutment 62.08 137.96 0.00 95.79 71.27 12.83
Hydrostatic pressure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Earth Pressure 82.36 0.00 42.67 102.82 0.00 56.60 1.2484236
Total 144 219.11 42.67 235 152.42 84.04

9/33 373099489.xls, Body

5 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Rectangular Beam, Normal Condition

1) Cracking Moment Section A-A Section B-B

Mc= Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac) Mc= 90516242 kgf.cm/m 42832788 kgf.cm/m

= 905 tf.m/m 428 tf.m/m
where, Mc Cracking Moment kgf.cm kgf.cm
Zc Section Modulus
Zc=1/6*b*h12 b=100 cm 2,700,000 cm3 1,144,835 cm3
s'ck Tensile strength of Concrete (bending)
s'ck = 0.5*sck2/3 15.6 kgf/cm2 15.6 kgf/cm2
s ck= 175 kgf/cm2
N Axial force 321,862 kg 255,172 kg
Ac Area of Concrete = b*h1 18000 cm2 11721 cm2
h1 thickness of section, B5 180 cm 117 cm
b 500 cm 500 cm

Section A-A Section B-B

1) Design Bending Moment Mf= 704 tf.m/m 144 tf.m/m

2) Required Bar Area As_req= Mf / (s sa*j*d)

As_req= 258 cm2 53 cm2
s sa= Allowable Stress R-bar 1850 kgf/cm2 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 - k/3 0.854 0.854
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 24 24
sca= Allowable Stress Concrete 60 kgf/cm2 60 kgf/cm2
d= Effective height = h1-d1 173 cm 173 cm
d1= 7.5 cm
h1= 180 cm

3) Ultimate Bending Moment Mu= As*ssy { d - 0.5*[As*ssy]/[0.85*sck*b]}

Mu= 1,297 tf.m 273 tf.m
Mu= Ultimate Bending Moment
As= Area of Tensile Bar
ssy= Yielding point of Tensile Bar (Spec >295 N/mm2) 3000 kgf/cm2 3000 kgf/cm2
s'ck= Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2 175 kgf/cm2
b= Effective Width 500 cm 500 cm

4) Checking : Single or Double Bar Arrangement M1= (d/Cs)2*ssa*b

M1= 1,669 tf.m 1,669 tf.m
M1= Resistance moment
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2 12.844 12.844
j= 1 - k/3 0.854 0.854
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438 0.438
n= ssa/sca 31 31
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2 1850 kgf/cm2
sca= 60 kgf/cm2 60 kgf/cm2

Check : M1 > Mf ? M1= 1,669 tf.m 1,669 tf.m

Mf= 704 tf.m 144 tf.m
Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only

(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area : 2%*b*d As max = 1,725 cm2 1,725 cm2

Min Bar Area : 4.5%*b As min = 23 cm2 23 cm2
Estimation of Required Bar Area : As_req= 258 cm2 53 cm2
Apply f : 25 @ 90 25 @ 180
Required Bar Nos : b/pitch= 56 nos 28 nos
Bar Area : As= 273 cm2 136 cm2
ok ok

Resistance Moment by Tensile bar As2 As1= Mf / {ssa*j*d}

As1= 258 cm2 83 cm2
As2= 14 cm2 53 cm2
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2 1850 kgf/cm2
d= 172.5 cm 109.7093 cm
d2= 7.5 cm 7.5 cm
d
h Mrs= ssa*As2*(d-d2)
d1 Mrs= 44 tf.m 100 tf.m
As=As1+As2

(b) Compressive Bar ( in case Mf > Ml ) M' = Mf - M1

M'= 0 tf.m 0 tf.m
As'_req= M' / [ssa*(d - d2)]
As'_req= 0 cm2 0 cm2
As' M1= 1,669 tf.m 1,669 tf.m
Mf= 704 tf.m 144 tf.m

h d d2 d= 172.5 cm 172.5 cm
d1 d2= 0 cm 0 cm
As ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2 1850 kgf/cm2
Required Bar Area : As'_req= 0 cm2 0 cm2
Apply f =

10/33 373099489.xls, Body

Bar Area : As' = 0 cm2 ok 0 cm2 ok

11/33 373099489.xls, Body

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf= 704 tf.m 144 tf.m
S= 119 tf 241 tf
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= 1,676 kgf/cm2 ok 1,050 kgf/cm2 ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= 33 kgf/cm2 ok 22 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 2 kgf/cm2 ok 3 kgf/cm2 ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.003 0.002
k= {(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p= 0.321 0.240
j= 1-k/3= 0.893 0.920
b= 500 cm 500 cm
b d= 172.5 cm 172.5 cm
n= 24 24

x=kd
h d

As
d1

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= 0 tf.m 0 tf.m
S= 0 tf 0 tf
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= 0 kgf/cm2 ok 0 kgf/cm2 ok
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= 0 kgf/cm2 ok 0 kgf/cm2 ok
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= 0 kgf/cm2 ok 0 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 0 kgf/cm2 ok 0 kgf/cm2 ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.003 0.002
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.000 0.000
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.321 0.240
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.143 0.110
j= (1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)= 0.893 0.920
b= 500 cm 500 cm
b d2= 0 cm 0 cm
d2 d= 172.5 cm 172.5 cm
n= 24 24
As' x=kd
h d

As
d1

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6 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Column, Seismic Condition

1) Minimum Area as Column Section A-A Section B-B

Acmin = N / (0.008*ssa+sca) 2,274 cm2 1,358 cm2

ssa= Allowable stress of Reinforcement bar 2775 kgf/m2 2775 kgf/m2
sca= Allowable stress of Concrete 90 kgf/m2 90 kgf/m2
N= Axial force 255 tf 152 tf
Acdes= b*h 90,000 > Acmin ok 58,605 > Acmin ok

Minimum Reinforcement Bar

(a) As a beam 4.5% * b As min= 23 cm2 23 cm2
(b) As a column 0.8% * Acmin As min= 18 cm2 11 cm2

Maximum Reinforcement Bar

(a) As a beam 2%*b*d As max = 1,725 cm2 1,097 cm2
(b) As a column 6% * Ac As max = 5,400 cm2 3,516 cm2

2) Required Reinforcement Bar

Design Bending Moment Mf= 1,210 tf.m 235 tf.m

As_req= {[sc*(s/2)-N/(b*d)]/ssa}*b*d
As_req= 237 cm2 56 cm2

sc= Stress of concrete sc= 72.09 kg.cm2 50.15 kg.cm2

Eq1= sc3 + [3*ssa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d2)]*sc2 - 6*Ms/(n*b*d2)*ssa*sc - 3*Ms/(n2*b*d2)*ssa2 = 0
ssa= Allowable stress of Reinforcement Bar 2775 kg.cm2 2775 kg.cm2
Ms= Eccentric Moment, Ms=N(e+c) 1.42E+08 kgf.cm 31314871 kgf.cm
e= Essentric Distance e=M/N 474.22 cm 154.34 cm
M= Design Bending Moment 1,210 tf.m 235 tf.m
N= Axial Force 255 tf 152 tf
n= Young's Modulus Ratio 16 16
c= c=h/2 - d1 82.5 cm 51.104651 cm
h= Height of Section 180 cm 117 cm
b= Width of section 500 cm 500 cm
d1= Concrete Cover 8 cm 8 cm
d= Effective Width of section d=h-d1 173 cm 110 cm
s= n*sc/(n*sc+ssa) 0.294 0.224
[3*ssa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d2)]= 232 245
6*Ms/(n*b*d2)*ssa= 9,936 5,415
3*Ms/(n2*b*d^2)*ssa2= 861,643 469,571
sc (trial)= 72 sc (trial)= 50
Eq1 (trial)= 0 ok Eq1 (trial)= 0 re-check
cross check 0 ok cross check 0 ok

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu= c*(h/2-0.4X)+Ts'(h/2-d2)+Ts(h/2-d1)
Mu= Ultimate Bending Moment (tf.m) Mu= 1,460 tf.m 284 tf.m
Mu= Min (Mu1,Mu2) in case X>0 in case X<0 in case X>0 in case X<0
Mu1= 1.46E+08 1.86E+08 28402759 37876729

c= 0.68*sck*b*X 672859 -1155.34 366281.83 -503.65

sck= design strength of Concrete 175 kg/cm2 175 kg/cm2
b= Width of section 500 cm 500 cm
X= solve the equation Eq2 below 11.309 -9.709 6.156 -4.232
Ts'= As'*Es*ecu*(X-d2)/X 293344 1543872 -45127 572980
As'= Compressive Bar, As'=0.5 As 119 28
As= Required Reinforcement Bar (Tensile) 237 56
Es= Young's modulus (reinforcement bar) 2,100,000 2,100,000
ecu= Creep strain coefficient (concrete) 0 0
h= Height of Section 180 cm 117 cm
d1= Concrete Cover (tensile side) 7.5 cm 7.5 cm
d2= Concrete Cover (compressive side) 7.5 cm 7.5 cm

Eq2 = a*X2 + (b-Ts-N)*X-b*d2 = 0

a= 0.68*sck*b 50 59500 59500
b= As'*Es*ecu 871013 206698
Ts= As*ssy 711031 168733
ssy= Yielding point of Tensile Bar (Spec >295 N/mm2) 3000 kgf/cm2 3000 kgf/cm2
N= Axial Force 255172 kgf 152421 kgf
put a,b,c as follows : a= a = 59500 59500
b= b-Ts-N = -95190 -114456
c= - b*d2 = -6532600 -1550237

then, X= (-b + (b2-4ac)0.2 ) / (2*a)= 11.309 6.156

X= (-b - (b2-4ac)0.2 ) / (2*a)= -9.709 -4.232

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4) Bar Arrangement

d d2
d1

Max Bar Area : As max = 1,725 cm2 1,097 cm2

Min Bar Area : As min = 23 cm2 23 cm2

(a) Tensile Bar

Required Bar Area As req= 237 cm2 56 cm2
Apply f = 25 @ 90 25 @ 180
Column width b= 500 cm2 500 cm2
Bar Area As = 273 cm2 ok 136 cm2 ok

(b) Compressive Bar

Required Bar Area As' req= 119 cm2 28 cm2
Apply f = 25 @ 180 25 @ 180
Column width b= 500 cm2 500 cm2
Bar Area As' = 136 cm2 ok 136 cm2 ok
(c ) Hoop Bar
Minimum Diameter f' min = 12 mm 12 mm
Apply f' = 16 mm 16 mm
Bar Interval shall satisfy the following conditions:
d = 1725 mm 1097.093 mm
t < 12*f = 300 mm 300 mm
t < 48*f '= 768 mm 768 mm
then t= 200 mm ok 200 mm ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress, Seismic Condition

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf= 1,210 tf.m 235 tf.m
S= 241 tf 84 tf
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= 2,828 kgf/cm2 check 1,713 kgf/cm2 ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= 66 kgf/cm2 ok 35 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 3 kgf/cm2 ok 2 kgf/cm2 ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.00316 0.00249
k= {(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p= 0.27149 0.24505
j= 1-k/3= 0.90950 0.91832
b b= 500 cm 500 cm
d= 172.5 cm 109.7093 cm
n= 16 16
x=kd
h d

As
d1

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= 1,210 tf.m 235 tf.m
S= 241 tf 84 tf
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= 60 kgf/cm2 ok 30 kgf/cm2 ok
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= 2,793 kgf/cm2 check 1,697 kgf/cm2 ok
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= 790 kgf/cm2 ok 337 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 3 kgf/cm2 ok 2 kgf/cm2 ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.003 0.002
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.002 0.002
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.254 0.223
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.137 0.129
j= (1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)= 0.921 0.927
b= 500 cm 500 cm
b
d2= 7.5 cm 7.5 cm
d2
d= 172.5 cm 109.7093 cm
n= 16 16
As' x=kd
h d

As
d1

14/33 373099489.xls, Body

7 Check for Stress of Concrete and Reinforcement bar as Column
Section A-A Section B-B
Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Height of section h cm 180 180 117 117
Effective width b cm 500 500 500 500
Concrete cover d1 cm 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5
d2 cm 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5
Reinforcement bar As cm2 273 273 136 136
As' cm2 0 136 0 136
Morment Mf kgf/cm 7.04.E+07 1.21.E+08 1.44.E+07 2.35.E+07
Axcis force N kgf 321,862 255,172 219,111 152,421
Shearing force S kgf 118,551 240,874 42,672 84,035
Young's modulus ratio n 24 16 24 16
c 83 83 51 51
e 219 474 66 154
a1 386 1153 22 287
b1 23665 39405 4596 8081
c1 -4082130 -5105274 -504172 -610343
Neutral line x 72 51 56 33
0 0 0 0
ok ok ok ok
a2 18005 12697 14036 8208
b2 66 73 40 48
b3 7497 7088 2979 3396
b4 65 43 49 25
b5 7497 7088 2979 3396
b6 100 122 54 77
Stressing sc 29.04 ok 57.70 ok 16.71 ok 31.87 ok
ss 972.30 ok 2212.39 ok 382.67 ok 1193.79 ok
ss' 624.33 ok 786.83 ok 347.50 ok 393.38 ok
tc 1.49 ok 3.03 ok 0.84 ok 1.66 ok

SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION

Section A-A Section B-B
Description Abbr. unit Normal Condition Seismic Condition Normal Condition Seismic Condition
Calculation Condition Rectangular Beam Column Rectangular Beam Column

Principle Dimensions
Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175 175 175
Effective width of section b cm 500 500 500 500
Height of Section h cm 180 180 117 117
Concrete Cover (tensile) d1 cm 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5
Concrete Cover (compressive) d2 cm 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5
Effective height of Section d cm 172.5 172.5 109.7093 109.7093
Allowable Stress Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 90 60 90
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 2775 1850 2775
Shearing ta kgf/m2 5.5 8.25 5.5 8.25
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000 3000 3000
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar Required As_req. cm2 258 237 53 56
Designed As cm2 273 273 136 136
D25@90 D25@90 D25@180 D25@180
Compressive Bar Required As'_req. cm2 0 119 0 28
Designed As' cm2 0 136 0 136
D25@180 D25@180
Hoop Bar Designed Aso D16@200 D16@200
Design Load
Design Bending Moment Mf tf.m 704 1,210 144 235
Design Axis Force Nd tf 322 255 219 152
Shearing Force S tf 119 241 43 84

Checking of Minimum Re-Bar

Ultimate Bending Moment Mu tf.m 1,297 1,460 273 284
Max Re-bar As max cm2 1,725 1,725 1,725 1,097
Min Re-bar As min cm2 23 23 23 23
Required Bar As req. cm2 258 356 53 84
Area of Re-bar for Design As_tot=As+As' cm2 273 409 136 273
Checking of Allowable Stress
Rectangular Beam
Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 16 24 16
Effective height d cm 172.5 172.5 109.7093 109.7093
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 33 ok 22 ok
Bending Tensile Stress ss kgf/cm2 1,676 ok 1,050 ok
ss' kgf/cm2 - -
Mean Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 2 ok 3 ok
Column
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 29 ok 58 ok 17 ok 32 ok
Bending Stress ss kgf/cm2 972 ok 2,212 ok 383 ok 1,194 ok
ss' kgf/cm2 624 ok 787 ok 347 ok 393 ok
Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 1 ok 3 ok 1 ok 2 ok

15/33 373099489.xls, Body

B FOOTING

1 Load and Bending Moment of Footing

1) Computation Conditions
l1
Normal Condition Toe Side

M
(0,0)

Ra=Qmax Ra'

Q max Q min
B4

BT
Heel Side
l2

Seismic Condition M
(0,0)

Q Ra' Ra=Qmin

X
B6
BT

2) Footing
Dimensions unit:m
B4 B5 B6 BT H3 H4 HT
B4 B5 B6 2.25 1.80 4.95 9.00 0.60 1.00 13.05
Abutment Width HT-H3-H4
Bw= 5.00 m 11.45
H3 6 7 8
Unit Weight of Material
F1 F2 F3 Soil 1800 kgf/m3 1.80 tf/m3
H4
9 Concrete 2400 kgf/m3 2.40 tf/m3
Surcharge Load q 700 kgf/m3 0.70 tf/m3
BT
q'= q seismic 0 kgf/m3 0 tf/m3

Toe Side normal condition seismic condition

Area unit Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment Seismic Coefficient
No. weight Load X Mx Load Y My Kh= 0.18
m2 tf/m3 tf/m m tf.m/m tf/m m tf.m/m
6 0.675 2.4 1.620 0.750 1.215 0.292 1.200 0.350
F1 2.250 2.4 5.400 1.125 6.075 0.972 0.500 0.486
sub-total 7.020 7.290 1.264 0.836
Distance l1 l1 (X) 1.038 m l1 (Y) 0.662 m

Heel Side normal condition seismic condition

Area unit Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment
No. weight Load N X Mx Load Y My
m2 tf/m3 tf/m m tf.m/m tf/m m tf.m/m
8 1.485 2.400 3.564 1.650 5.881 0.642 1.300 0.834
F3 4.950 2.400 11.880 2.475 29.403 2.138 0.500 1.069
sub-total 15.444 35.284 2.780 1.903
Distance l2 l2 (X) 2.285 m l2 (Y) 0.685 m

3) Earth Pressure, Heel Side Only

Normal Condition Seismic Condition
Dead Load (soil) W1= 116.060 tf/m We1= 116.060 tf/m
Distance l3=Xo-(B4+B5) l3= 2.379 m l3= 2.379 m
Bending Moment Md Md= 276.157 tf.m/m Mde= 276.157 tf.m/m

Surcharge Load W2=q*B6 W2= 3.465 tf/m We2= 0.000 tf/m

Distance l4=B6/2 l4= 2.475 m l4= 2.475 m
Bending Moment Ms Ms= 8.576 tf.m/m Mse= 0.000 tf.m/m

Vertical Earth Pressure Pv= Pv= 12.813 tf/m Pve= 13.237 tf/m
Pv=sin d*{ (1/2)*Ka*g*HT^2 + q*Ka*HT}
Coefficient of active earth pressure Ka= 0.297 Kea= 0.433
Angle between earth and wall d= 0.3491 radian d e= 0.2618 radian
Distance l5 =B6*(2/3) l5 = 3.300 l5 = 3.300 m
Bending Moment Me Me= 42.284 tf.m/m Mee= 43.683 tf.m/m

16/33 373099489.xls, Footing

 4) Reaction from Foundation

Reaction from the Foundation

Normal Q max 13.193 tf/m2
Qmin 20.441 tf/m2
Seismic Qmax 10.560 tf/m2
Qmin 25.552
X 9.000 m

Reaction from Foundation, Toe Side

Normal Condition
Rat= Q max Rat= 13.193 tf/m2 Cantilever length =B4= 2.250 m
Ra't= Q max-(B4/BT)*(Q max - Qmin) Ra't= 15.005 tf/m2
Seismic Condition
Reat= Q Reat= 10.560 tf/m2 Cantilever length =B4= 2.250 m
Rea't= Q*(X-B4)/X Reat'= 7.920 tf/m2

Reaction from Foundation, Heel Side

Normal Condition
Rah= Q min Rah= 20.441 tf/m2 Cantilever length =B6= 4.950 m
Ra'h= Q max-[(B4+B5)/BT]*(Q max - Qmin) Ra'h= 16.455 tf/m2
Seismic Condition
Reah'= Q*(X-B4-B5)/X Rea'h= 17.306 tf/m2 Cantilever length =X-B4-B5= 4.950 m
Reah= Qmin Reah= 25.552 tf/m2
Reah'= Q*(X-B4-B5)/X Rea'h= 5.808 tf/m2 Cantilever length =X-B4-B5= 11.318 m
Reah= 0 Reah= 0.000 tf/m2
Reah'= Q*(X-B4-B5)/X Rea'h= 17.306 tf/m2 Cantilever length =X-B4-B5= 4.950 m
Reah= Qmin Reah= 25.552 tf/m2

5) Intersectional Force due Reaction

Axial Force = 0 tf/m per m
Toe Section Heel Section
Normal Condition Seismic Condition Normal Condition Seismic Condition
Description Moment Shearing Moment Shearing Moment Shearing Moment Shearing
M S Me Se M S Me Se
(tf.m/m) (tf/m) (tf.m/m) (tf/m) (tf.m/m) (tf/m) (tf.m/m) (tf/m)
Footing -7.290 -7.020 -7.290 -7.020 35.284 15.444 35.284 15.444
Dead Load, Earth 276.157 116.060 276.157 116.060
Surcharge Load 8.576 3.465 0.000 0.000
Earth Pressure 42.284 12.813 43.683 13.237
Reaction form Foundation 34.924 31.723 24.502 20.790 -234.147 -91.316 -279.368 -106.073
Total - per m 27.634 24.703 17.212 13.770 128.153 56.465 75.755 38.667
Total -5 m 138.169 123.514 86.060 68.848 640.765 282.327 378.775 193.336

2 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar : Toe Section

1) Design Bending Moment ( Mf )

Normal Condition M= 27.634 tf.m/m

Seismic Condition Me= 17.212 tf.m/m
Max. Design Bending Moment Mf= 27.63 tf.m/m

2) Required Bar Area

As= Mf / (s sa*j*d) 11.47 cm2
s sa= Allowable Stress R-bar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 - k/3 0.854
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 24
sca= Allowable Stress Concrete 60 kgf/cm2

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 5.21E+06 kgf.cm

52.07 tf.m
where, Mu Ultimate Bending Moment
As Area of Tensile Bar
s sy Yielding point of Tensile Bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d Effective height = h1-cover 152.5 cm
cover d1= 7.5 cm
h1= 160 cm
s'ck Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm

4) Checking of Single or Double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)2*ssa*b
M1= 2.61E+07 kgf.cm/m
= 260.82 tf.m/m
M1= Resistance moment
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2 12.844
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 30.833
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2 Compressive
sca= 60 kgf/cm2
n= 24 Tensile
Check M1 > Mf? M1= 260.818 tf.m
Mf= 27.634 tf.m M1 > Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only

(a) Tensile Bar

17/33 373099489.xls, Footing

 Max Bar Area : 2%*b*d = 305.00 cm2
Min Bar Area : 4.5%*b = 4.50 cm2
Required Bar Area As req= 11.47 cm2 h d
Apply f = 25 @ 300 d1
Required Bar Nos Nos=b/pitch = 3.3333333 nos
Bar Area As = 16.36 cm2 ok

(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' = Mf - M1
M'= 0.00 tf.m
As' = M' / [ssa*(d - d2)] h d d2
Required Bar Area As'= 0.00 cm2 d1
d= 152.5 cm
d2= 0.00 cm
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2
Apply f =
Bar Area As' = 0.00 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf= 27.63 tf.m/m b
S= 24.70 tf/m
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= 1,187.67 kgf/cm2 ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= 12.58 kgf/cm2 ok x=kd
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 1.74 kgf/cm2 ok h d
p= As/(b*d)= 0.00 b= 100 cm
k= {(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p= 0.20 d= 152.5 cm As
j= 1-k/3= 0.93 n= 24 d1

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= 27.63 tf.m
S= 24.70 tf
b
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= 12.58 kgf/cm2 ok
d2
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= 1,187.67 kgf/cm2 ok
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= 301.84 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 1.74 kgf/cm2 ok As' x=kd
p= As/(b*d)= 0.00 h d
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.00 b= 100 cm
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.20 d= 152.5 cm As
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.09 d2= 0.00 cm d1
j= (1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)= 0.93 n= 24

3 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar : Heel Section ( Normal Condition )

1) Design Bending Moment Me>0 Me<0

Normal Condition M= 128.153 tf.m/m

Seismic Condition Me= 75.755 tf.m/m
Mf= 128.15 tf.m/m Tensile Compressive

Compressivee Tensile
2) Required Bar Area

As= Mf / (s sa*j*d) 53.18 cm2

s sa= Allowable Stress R-bar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 - k/3 0.854
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 24
sca= Allowable Stress Concrete 60 kgf/cm2

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 23475776 kgf.cm

= 234.76 tf.m
where, Mu Ultimate Bending Moment
As Area of Tensile Bar
s sy Yielding point of Tensile Bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d Effective height = h1-cover 152.5 cm
cover d1= 7.5 cm
h1= 160 cm
s'ck Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm

4) Checking of Single or Double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)2*ssa*b M1= 33507898.8 kgf.cm/m

= 335.08 tf.m/m
M1= Resistance moment Mf= 128.153 tf.m M1>Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2 11.33
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 24

(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area : 2%*b*d = 320.00 cm2

d

18/33 373099489.xls, Footing

 Min Bar Area : 4.5%*b = 4.50 cm2 h d
Required Bar Area As req= 53.18 cm2 d1
Apply f = 25 @ 150
Required Bar Nos Nos=b/pitch = 6.6666667 nos Pitch shall be same as that of toe
Bar Area As = 32.72 cm2 check or arrange compressive bar

(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' = Mf - M1 M'= 0.00 tf.m
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)] As'= 0.00 cm2
d= 152.5 cm h d d2
d2= 0.00 cm d1
Required Bar Area As' req= 0.00 cm2
Apply f =
Bar Area As' = 0.00 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only
Mf= 128.15 tf.m/m b
S= 56.47 tf/m
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= 2,825.55 kgf/cm2 check check
x=kd
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= 44.33 kgf/cm2 ok ok
h d
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 4.07 kgf/cm2 ok ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.00 b= 100 cm
As
k= {(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p= 0.27 d= 152.5 cm d1
j= 1-k/3= 0.91 n= 24

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= 128.15 tf.m
S= 56.47 tf
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= 44.33 kgf/cm2 ok
b
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= 2,825.55 kgf/cm2 check
d2
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= 1,063.96 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 4.07 kgf/cm2 ok
As' x=kd
p= As/(b*d)= 0.00 h d
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.00
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.27 b= 100 cm As
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.12 d= 152.5 cm d1
j= (1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)= 0.91 d2= 0.00 cm
n= 24

4 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar : Heel Section ( Seismic Condition )

1) Design Bending Moment Me>0 Me<0

Normal Condition M= 128.153 tf.m/m

Seismic Condition Me= 75.755 tf.m/m
Mf= 75.76 tf.m/m Tensile Compressive
Compressivee Tensile

2) Required Bar Area

As= Mf / (s sa*j*d) 20.20 cm2

s sa= Allowable Stress R-bar 2775 kgf/cm2
j= 1 - k/3 0.886
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 16
sca= Allowable Stress Concrete 90 kgf/cm2

3) Ultimate Bending Moment Mu= 9.12E+06 kgf.cm

= 91.19 tf.m
where, Mu Ultimate Bending Moment
As Area of Tensile Bar
s sy Yielding point of Tensile Bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d Effective height = h1-cover 152.5 cm
cover d1= 7.5 cm
h1= 160 cm
s'ck Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm

4) Checking of Single or Double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)2*ssa*b M1= 6.11E+07 kgf.cm/m

= 610.54 tf.m/m

M1= Resistance moment Mf= 75.755 tf.m M1>Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2 10.281
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.342
n= Young's modulus ratio 16

19/33 373099489.xls, Footing

 (a) Tensile Bar
Max Bar Area : 2%*b*d = 0.00 cm2
Min Bar Area : 4.5%*b = 4.10 cm2 h d
Required Bar Area As req= 20.20 cm2 d1
Apply f = 25 @ 150
Required Bar Nos Nos=b/pitch = 6.6666667 nos
Bar Area As = 32.72 cm2 check or arrange compressive bar

(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' = Mf - M1 M'= 0.00 tf.m
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)] As'= 0.00 cm2
d= 152.5 cm d
h d2
d2= 0.00 cm
Required Bar Area As' req= 0.00 cm2 d1
Apply f =
Bar Area As' = 0.00 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf= 75.76 tf.m/m b
S= 38.67 tf/m
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= 1,643.98 kgf/cm2 ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= 30.68 kgf/cm2 ok x=kd
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 2.75 kgf/cm2 ok h d
p= As/(b*d)= 0.00 b= 100 cm
As
k= {(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p= 0.23 d= 152.5 cm
j= 1-k/3= 0.92 n= 16 d1

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= 75.76 tf.m
S= 38.67 tf
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= 30.68 kgf/cm2 ok
b
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= 1,643.98 kgf/cm2 ok
d2
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= 490.93 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 2.75 kgf/cm2 ok
As' x=kd
p= As/(b*d)= 0.00
h d
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.00
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.23 b= 100 cm As
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.11 d= 152.5 cm d1
j= (1-d2/d)+k /{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
2
0.92 d2= 0.00 cm
n= 16

SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION, FOOTING

Description Abbr. unit Toe Side Heel Side

Calculation Condition Normal Normal Seismic
Principle Dimensions
Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175 175
Effective width of section b cm 100 100 100
Height of Section, H4 h cm 100 100 100
Concrete Cover (tensile) d1 cm 7.5 7.5 7.5
Concrete Cover (compressive) d2 cm 0 0 0
Effective height of Section d cm 92.5 92.5 92.5
Allowable Stress Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 60 90
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 1850 2775
Shearing ta kgf/m2 5.5 5.5 8.25
tma kgf/m2 14 14 21
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000 3000
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar Required As req. cm2 11.47 53.18 20.20
Designed As cm2 16.36 32.72 32.72
D25@300 D25@150 25 @ 150
Compressive Bar Required As' req. cm2 0.00 0.00 0.00
Designed As' cm2 0.00 0.00 0.00
Design Load
Design Bending Moment Mf tf.m/m 27.63 128.15 91.19
Design Axis Force Nd tf/m 0.00 0.00 0.00
Shearing Force S tf/m 24.70 56.47 38.67
Ultimate Bending Moment Mu tf.m 52.07 234.76 91.19
Resistance moment (single bar) Ml tf.m 260.82 335.08 610.54
Max Re-bar As max cm2 305.00 320.00 2.75
Min Re-bar As min cm2 4.50 4.50 4.50
Required Bar As req. cm2 11.47 53.18 20.20
Area of Re-bar for Design As cm2 16.36 32.72 32.72
Checking of Allowable Stress
Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 24 16
Effective height d-d1 cm 92.5 92.5 92.5
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 12.58 ok 44.33 ok 30.68 ok
Bending Tensile Stress ss kgf/cm2 1,187.67 ok 2,825.55 check 1,643.98 ok
ss' kgf/cm2
Mean Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 1.74 ok 4.07 ok 2.75 ok

20/33 373099489.xls, Footing

C PARAPET WALL

1 Sectional Force without Impact Plate

(1) Rear Face Reinforcement Bar Mo= Mp + Me

So= Sp + Ph
T-Load Earth Pressure
b
where,
a Mo Bending Moment at Parapet (tfm/m)
So Shearing Force at Platform (tf/m)
Mp Bending Moment due T-Load (tfm/m)
Me Bending Moment due Earth Pressure (tfm/m)
Sp Shearing Force dueT-Load (tf/m)
Ph Earth Pressure (tf/m)
H1

gKaH1

1) Sectional Force due to T-Load

Mp= Ka T/1.375*{-H1+(H1+a)*ln[(a+H1)/a] 4.393 tfm
Sp= Ka T/1.375*ln[(a+H1)/a] 4.563 tf

where, Ka Coefficient of active earth pressure 0.297

T Wheel load of T-Load 10.000 tf
a contact width of T-load 0.200 m
H1 Height of Parapet 1.450 m

2) Sectional Force due to Earth Pressure

Ph= 0.5 g *Kah*H1^2 Ph= 0.554 tf
Me= (1/3)*Ph*H1 Me= 0.268 tfm

where, Kah Ka*cos d 0.293

d friction angle between the parapet wall and soil = (1/3)f 0.175 (radian)
g Unit Weight of Soil 1.800 tf/m3
H1 Height of Parapet 1.450 m

3) Summary of Sectional Force

Mo= Mp + Me 4.661 tfm
So= Sp + Ph 5.117 tf

2. Sectional Force with Impact Plate

(1) Front Face Reinforcement Bar (compute under normal condition)

Lo
R
Lo-Bu
Lx w1

Ds w2

Ft

B1 B2 Bu L=0.7 Lo

Rf= (1/2)*Wd*Lo Rf= 3.105 tf/m

Rp= T/1.375 Rp= 7.273 tf/m
R= Rf + Rp R= 10.378 tf/m B2= 0.40 m
Lx= (1/2)*B2+Bu Lx= 0.500 m Bu= 0.30 m (=Lp)
Mf= R*Lx Mf= 5.189 tfm/m

where, Rf Reaction due self weight Wd tf

Wd w1 + w2 2.07 tf/m2
w1 weight of soil on impact plate 1.35 tf/m2
w2 self-weight of impact plate 0.72 tf/m2
Lo Length of Impact Plate 3.00 m Thickness of impact plate Ft= 0.30 m
Rp Reaction due to T-Load tf Soil depth above plate Ds= 0.70 m
R Total Reaction tf Thickness of pavement Dp= 0.05 m
Lx Distance from center of parapet to reaction point m Effective width of road B= 3.00 m
Bu width of corbel 0.30 m
Mf Bending Moment at Parapet tfm/m

21/33 373099489.xls, Parapet

 (2) Rear Face Reinforcement Bar (compute under seismic condition)

Lo

Ds
Ft
H1 RH H1
Yr he

B1 B2 Bu g Kah he

1) Sectional Force due to Impact Plate

Rh= 2*Rf*Kh 1.118 tf/m Lp= 0.300 m (= Bu)

Mr = Rh*Yr 1.285 tfm/m

where, Kh seismic coefficient 0.18

Yr = H1-Lp = 1.150 m

2) Sectional Force due to Earth Pressure

H1 > Ds ? H1= 1.450 m

H1-Ds= 0.750 m

Peh 1= (1/2)*g*Kah*Lp^2 0.024 tf/m

Me 1= Peh*[(Lp)*(1/3)+(H1-Lp)] 0.030 tfm/m
Peh 2= (1/2)*g*Kah*he^2 0.148 tf/m
Me 2= (1/3)*Peh*he 0.037 tfm/m

then Peh =Peh 1+ Peh2 0.172 tf/m

Me =Me 1+Me2 0.067 tfm/m

3) Intersectional Force of Parapet due to Earth Pressure

B1 B2

Lp Section Area Unit Weight Kh Seismic Distance Moment

(m2) Weight (tf) Weight
Gh (tf) y(m) Mg (tfm)
H1 1 10 Lp 1 0.580 2.4 1.392 0.18 0.251 0.725 0.182
Lp 10 0.090 2.4 0.216 0.18 0.039 0.600 0.023
11
11 0.045 2.4 0.108 0.18 0.019 0.650 0.013
S 0.309 0.218
B5 Note: if H1 < Dc, areas 10 & 11 would be counted as "0"

4) Summary of Intersectional Force

Mo= Mr+Me+Mg 1.570 tfm/m

So= Rh+Reh+Gh 1.599 tf/m

3. Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar

1) Cracking Moment

Mc= Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac) Mc= 417155 kgf.cm = 4.172 tf.m

where, Mc Cracking Moment kgf.cm

Zc Sectional Coefficient
Zc=b*B2^2/6 b=100 cm 26667 cm3
s'ck Tensile strength of Concrete (bending)
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3) 15.64 kgf/cm2
s ck= 175 kgf/cm2
N Axis force (=0) 0
Ac Area of Concrete = b*B2 4000 cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm
B2 Thickness of parapet 40 cm

2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

Design Bending Moment Mf 5.189 tf.m

Check Mf & Mc 1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment

1.7*Mf = 8.821 tf.m
Mc= 4.172 tf.m 1.7*Mf>Mc? Yes, check ultimate bending moment

22/33 373099489.xls, Parapet

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 955213 kgf.cm = 9.552 tf.m

where, Mu Ultimate Bending Moment tf.m
As Area of Tensile Bar cm2
s sy Yielding point of Tensile Bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d Effective height = B2-cover 33 cm
cover d1= 7 cm
B2 = 40 cm
s'ck Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm
As=Mf/(s sa*j*d) 9.951 cm2
s sa= Allowable Stress Rbar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 ) 0.854
or k = n/{n+s sa/s ca)
n= Young's modulus ratio 24
s ca Allowable Stress Concrete 60 kgf/cm2
Check Mu & Mc Mu = 9.552 tf.m
Mc = 4.172 tf.m Mu>Mc? ok

4) Bar Arrangement

(a) Front Face, with Impact Plate

Max Bar Area As max = 0.02*b*d = 66.0 cm2 Concrete Cover d1= 7 cm
Min Bar Area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2 Then d= 33 cm
Required Bar Area As req= 10.780 cm2
Apply f = 16 @ 125 mm
Bar Area As = 16.085 cm2 ok

(b) Rear Face, without Impact Plate

Max Bar Area As max = 0.02*b*d = 60.0 cm2 Concrete Cover d1= 10 cm
Min Bar Area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2 Then d= 30 cm
Required Bar Area As req= cm2
Apply f = 12 @ 250 mm spacing of body, tensile f 25 @ 180
Bar Area As = cm2

(c) Rear Face, with Impact Plate

Max Bar Area As max = 0.02*b*d = 60.0 cm2 Concrete Cover d1= 10 cm
Min Bar Area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2 Then d= 30 cm
Required Bar Area As req= 3.143 cm2
Apply f = 16 @ 250 mm spacing of body, tensile f 25 @ 180
Bar Area As = 8.042 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Front Face, with Impact Plate

Mf (front) 5.189 tf.m Concrete Cover d1= 7 cm
S 0.000 tf Then d= 33 cm
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) 1239.88 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) 19.04 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok
p=As/(b*d) 0.0230
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p 0.6347
j= 1-k/3 0.7884

(b) Rear Face, without Impact Plate

Mf (rear) 4.661 tf.m Concrete Cover d1= 10 cm
So 5.117 tf Then d= 30 cm
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ?
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ?
tm = S/(b*j*d) kgf/cm2 check tm < ta ?
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3

(c) Rear Face, with Impact Plate

Mf (rear) 1.570 tf.m Concrete Cover d1= 10 cm
So 1.599 tf Then d= 30 cm
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) 722.95 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) 12.92 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok
tm = S/(b*j*d) 0.59 kgf/cm2 check tm < ta ? ok
p=As/(b*d) 0.0027
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p 0.3001
j= 1-k/3 0.9000

23/33 373099489.xls, Parapet

4. Summary of Design Calculation
Description Abbr. unit Front Face Back Face
Provision on Impact Plate Yes No Yes Remarks
Calculation Condition Normal Normal Seismic

Principle Dimensions
Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175 175
Effective width of section b cm 100 100 100
Height of Parapet B2 cm 40 40 40
concrete cover (tensile) d1 cm 7 10 10
concrete cover (compressive) d2 cm 0 0 0
Effective width of Parapet d cm 33 30 30
Allowable Stress Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 60 90 (K175)
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 1850 2775
Shearing ta kgf/m2 5.5 5.5 8.25
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000 3000 (Spec >295 N/mm2)

Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar Required As req. cm2 10.78 3.14
Tensile Bar Designed As cm2 16.08 8.04
D16@125 D16@250
Design Load
Design Bending Moment Mf tf.m 5.189 4.661 1.570
Design Axis Force Nd tf 0.000 0.000 0.000
Shearing Force S tf 0.000 5.117 1.599

Checking of Minimum Re-Bar

Cracking Moment Mc tf.m 4.172 4.172 4.172
1.7*Mf 8.821 7.924 2.669
1.7*Mf < Mc ? If no, check Mu check Mu ok
Ultimate Bending Moment Mu tf.m 9.552
Mu > Mc ? ok
Max Re-bar As max cm2 66.0 60.0 60.0
Min Re-bar As min cm2 4.5 4.5 4.5
Required Bar As req. cm2 10.780 3.143
Area of Re-bar for Design As cm2 16.085 8.042

Checking of Allowable Stress

Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 24 16
Effective height d cm 33 30 30
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 19.04 12.92
Bending Tensile Stress ss kgf/cm2 1239.88 722.95
Mean Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 0 0.59

24/33 373099489.xls, Parapet

ABUTMENT : Bendung .

0.90 0.40

D16@200 D25@180
+ 80.45
D16@200
D16@200
1.45
+ 79.00

1.00
D16@200
0.40
D16@200 0.40
D16@200

10.00 D25@180
11.45 D25@180
13.05

D16@200 D16@200
8.60
5.00
D25@180
D25@90

D25@150
D19@100 D19@100 D25@150
+ 69.00
0.60
2.50
1.00
+ 67.40

D25@300 D19@150 D25@300

9.00

2.25 1.80 4.95

D IMPACT PLATE AND CORBEL

1 Design Parameters

Active load T-Load

Impact plate Length L= 3.00 m Span length Ls = 0.7*L= 2.10 m
Thickness h1= 0.30 m Width of corbel Lp= 0.30 m
Effective width of road B= 3.00 m Height of corbel h2= 0.30 m
Unit weight of plate gc = 2.40 tf/m3
Unit weight of soil gs = 1.80 tf/m3 Cover of R-bar
Soil depth above plate Ds= 0.05 m Impact plate d1= 5 cm
Thickness of pavement Dp= 0.05 m Corbel d3= 7 cm

2 Computation of Intersectional Force, Corbel

1) Dead Load

Impact plate 0.72 tf/m2

Soil above plate 0.09 tf/m2
Total dead load Wd= 0.81 tf/m2

2) Intersectional Force due Dead Load

Md= (1/8)*Wd*Ls^2 0.446513 tf.m

3) Intersectional Force due Live Load

wL=2*T*(1+ i)/{2.75*(a+2*d)} wL = 33.39051 tf/m2

ML={(1/4)*wL*Ls*(a+2*d)-(1/8)*wL*(a+2*d)^2}*a ML= 5.371698 tf.m

where, ML bending moment due live load

T: wheel load of T-load 10.00 tf
a contact width of T-load 0.20 m
i: impact coefficient
i=20/(50+L)= 0.377
Dp: thickness of pavement 0.05 m
a: coefficient 1.10

4) Total Intersectional Force

M=Md+ML 5.818211 tf.m

3 Corbel
1) Intersectional Force due Impact Plate

M1=R*bu M1= 3.113 tf.m

where, R total reaction form corbel 10.378 tf.m/m

bu width of corbel =Lp 0.300 m

2) Intersectional Force due Corbel

M2=(1/6)*(2w1+w2)*gc*bu^2 M2= 0.032 tf.m

where, w1 0.15 m
w2 0.60 m
gc = 2.40 tf/m3
bu 0.30 m

3) Total Intersectional Force

M=M1+M2 3.146 tf.m

3 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar for Impact Plate

1) Cracking Moment

Mc= Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac) Mc= 234650 kgf.cm = 2.346 tf.m

where, Mc cracking moment kgf.cm

Zc section modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6 15000 cm3
b= 100 cm
s'ck tensile strength of concrete (bending)
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3) 15.643 kgf/cm2
s ck= 175 kgf/cm2
N axial force 0.000 tf
Ac area of concrete = b*h1 3000 cm2
h1 thickness of section, impact plate 30 cm

26/33 373099489.xls, Imp-Plate

2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

Design bending moment Mf 5.818 tf.m

Check Mf & Mc 1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment

1.7*Mf = 9.891 tf.m
Mc= 2.346 tf.m 1.7*Mf>Mc? Yes, check ultimate bending moment
3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 1039032 kgf.cm = 10.390 tf.m

where, Mu ultimate bending moment tf.m

As area of tensile bar cm2
s sy yielding point of tensile bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d effective height = h1-cover 25 cm
cover d1= 5 cm
h1= 30 cm
s'ck design compressive strength of concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b effective width 100 cm

As=Mf/(s sa*j*d) 14.729 cm2

s sa= allowable stress of reinforcement bar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 ) 0.854
or k = n/{n+s sa/s ca)
n= Young's modulus ratio 24
s ca allowable stress of concrete 60 kgf/cm2

Check Mu & Mc Mu = 10.390 tf.m

Mc = 2.346 tf.m Mu>Mc? ok

4) Bar Arrangement

Checking of single or double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)^2*ssa*b >Mf? M1= 700936 kgf.cm = 7.009 tf.m

where, M1 resistance moment

Cs ={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2) 12.844
s (n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa) 0.438
m ssa/sca 30.833
ssa 1850 kgf/cm2
sca 60 kgf/cm2
n 24

Check M1 > Mf? M1= 7.009 tf.m M1>Mf: Design Tensile Bar Only
Mf= 5.818 tf.m

(a) Tensile Bar

Max bar area As max = 0.02*b*d = 50.0 cm2

Min bar area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2 h d
Required bar area As req= 14.729 cm2 d1
Apply f = 19 @ 150 mm
Bar area As = 18.902 cm2 ok

(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' = Mf - M1=ssa*As'*(d - d2)

As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)] As'= 0.000 cm2 h
d d2
d= 25 cm M1= 7.009 tf.m
d2= 0 cm Mf= 5.818211 tf.m d1
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2

Required bar area As' req= 0.000 cm2

Apply f = 16 @ 300 mm
Bar area As' = 6.702 cm2 ok

27/33 373099489.xls, Imp-Plate

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf 5.818211 tf.m
S 0 tf
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) 1447.22 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) 48.88 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok b

p=As/(b*d) 0.0076 b= 100 cm

k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p 0.4477 d= 25 cm x=kd
j= 1-k/3 0.8508 n= 24 h d

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar As

d1
Mf 5.818211 tf.m
S 0.000 tf
sc = Mf/(b*d^2*Lc) 38.88 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k 1371.70 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k 933.07 kgf/cm2 check ss' < ssa ? ok
b
p=As/(bd) 0.0076 d2
p'=As'/(bd) 0.0027
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p') 0.4048 As' x=kd
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d) 0.2394 h d
b= 100 cm
d= 25 cm As
d2= 0 cm d1
n= 24

4 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar for Corbel

1) Cracking Moment

Mc= Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac) Mc= 234650 kgf.cm = 2.346 tf.m

where, Mc cracking moment kgf.cm

Zc section modulus
Zc=b*h2^2/6 15000 cm3
b= 100 cm
s'ck tensile strength of concrete (bending)
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3) 15.643 kgf/cm2
s ck= 175 kgf/cm2
N axial force 0 tf
Ac area of concrete = b*h1 3000 cm2
h2 thickness of section, impact plate 30 cm

2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

Design bending moment Mf 3.146 tf.m

Check Mf & Mc 1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment

1.7*Mf = 5.348 tf.m
Mc= 2.346 tf.m 1.7*Mf>Mc? Yes, check ultimate bending moment
3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 574637 kgf.cm = 5.746 tf.m

where, Mu ultimate bending moment tf.m

As area of tensile bar cm2
s sy yielding point of tensile bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d effective height = h1-cover 23 cm
cover d1= 7 cm
h2= 30 cm
s'ck design compressive strength of concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b effective width 100 cm

As=Mf/(s sa*j*d) 8.657 cm2

s sa= allowable stress of reinforcement bar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 ) 0.854
or k = n/{n+s sa/s ca)
n= Young's modulus ratio = 12 24
s ca allowable stress of concrete 60 kgf/cm2

Check Mu & Mc Mu = 5.746 tf.m

Mc = 2.346 tf.m Mu>Mc? ok

28/33 373099489.xls, Imp-Plate

 4) Bar Arrangement

Checking of single or double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)^2*ssa*b >Mf? M1= 593272 kgf.cm = 5.933 tf.m

where, M1 resistance moment

Cs ={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2) 12.844
s (n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa) 0.438
m ssa/sca 30.833
ssa 1850 kgf/cm2
sca 60 kgf/cm2
n 24

Check M1 > Mf? M1= 5.933 tf.m M1>Mf: Design Tensile Bar Only
Mf= 3.146 tf.m

(a) Tensile Bar

Max bar area As max = 0.02*b*d = 46.0 cm2

Min bar area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2
Required bar area As req= 8.657 cm2 h d
Apply f = 19 @ 300 mm d1
Bar area As = 9.451 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

Mf 3.146 tf.m
So 0.000 tf
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) 1642.35 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) 37.88 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok

p=As/(b*d) 0.0041
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p 0.3563
j= 1-k/3 0.8812

SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION

Description Abbr. unit Impact Plate Corbel Remarks

Principle Dimensions
Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175
Effective width of section b cm 100 100
Height of Section h cm 30 30
concrete cover (tensile) d1 cm 5 7
concrete cover (compressive) d2 cm - -
Effective height of Section d cm 25 23
Allowable Stress Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 60 (K175)
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 1850
Shearing ta kgf/m2 5.5 5.5
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000 (Spec >295 N/mm2)

Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar Required As req. cm2 14.73 8.66
Designed As cm2 18.90 D19@150 9.45 D19@300

Compressive Bar Required As' req. cm2 0.00

Designed As' cm2 6.70 D16@300

Design Load
Design Bending Moment Mf tf.m 5.818 3.146
Design Axis Force Nd tf - -
Shearing Force S tf - -

Checking of Minimum Re-Bar

Cracking Moment Mc tf.m 2.346 5.746
1.7*Mf 9.891 5.348
1.7*Mf<Mc? If "no" check Mu check Mu ok
Ultimate Bending Moment Mu tf.m 10.390
Mu>1.7*Mf? ok
Max Re-bar As max cm2 50.00 46.00
Min Re-bar As min cm2 4.50 4.50
Required Bar As req. cm2 14.73 8.66
Area of Re-bar for Design As cm2 18.90 9.45

Checking of Allowable Stress

Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 24
Effective height d cm 25 23
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 48.88 ok 37.88 ok
Bending Tensile Stress ss kgf/cm2 1,447.22 ok 1,642.35 ok
ss' kgf/cm2 - -
Mean Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 - -

29/33 373099489.xls, Imp-Plate

Remarks
1 Input Data
"Input": Figure in red are input data.

2 There are two try and error calculation except input data such as dimension and condition.
To calculate them, click on the macro button at their right sides after inputting data.

(1) Sheet name "Body", G391 to K392 Button Calculate sc

(2) Sheet name "Body", H530 to N531. Button Calculate x

3 Allowable stress for "Body"

If allowable stress is "Check" for body, see Sheet "Body", calculation of stress

4 Minimum reinforcement bar

Step 1 Calculation of Md', find 1.7Md

Step 2 Comparison between Md' and Mc

if Md' > Mc go to step 3

Step 3 Calculation of Mu

Step 4 Comparison between Mu and Mc

Mu > Mc OK

5 Wing Wall
Wing Wall are not considered.

Revised
4-Nov-02 1 Bering capacity calculation was added.
Safety factor was revised as follows.
Normal condition 1.5 to 2.0
Seismic condition 1.2 to 1.25

9-Nov-02 2 Sheet " Footing"

Cell "H548" & "L548" is changed.
Figure "Mu" is not referred correctly. Therefore revised.

15-Nov-02 3 Sheet "Body"

Cell "I123" and "I150"
Water pressure calculated per m, there revised as per width.

29-Nov-02 4 All sheets

Some of inputting cells and calculation result cells have been rearranged.
Safety factors against sliding have been set at the same figures as retaining wall.
previous figure revised figure
normal condition 1.50 2.00
seismic condition 1.20 1.25
Reinforcement bar arrangements for additional bars and distribution bars have been added.

3-Dec-02 5 Modification of drawings

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 4-Dec-02 6 Modification of additional bar arrangement

12-Dec-02 7 Minor change: sheets "Stability", "Body" and "Footing"

28-Dec-02 8 Minor correction: sheet "Body" (calculation results are same as revision 7)

20-Jan-03 9 Sheet "Parapet"

Cells "K65", "L65" and "M65" were added.
Cells "C63" and "H66" were corrected.
Cells "D71", "D72", "H71", "I70", "I71" and "I72" were corrected.
Figure 600 on Cell "C86" was deleted.
Cells "K127" and "D150" were corrected.
Cells "C151", "D151", "H151" and "I151" were inserted.
Cell "L287" was corrected.
Sheet "Input"
Cell "L40"was modified.
Calculation formulae in Cells "J226", "J227" and "J228" were deleted.
Calculation formulae in Cells "L230", "L231" and "L232" were corrected.

2-Feb-03 10 Sheet "Input"

Input Cell "E41"was modified to calculation cell.
Input Cell "E42" was added.
Cells "B42", "E43", "G41" and "G42" were added.
Sheet "Stability"
Calculation formula in Cell "J267" was changed.
Sheet "Body"
Calculation formula in Cell "H66" was corrected.
Sheet "Footing"
Calculation formula in Cells "K120", "L120", "M120" and "N120" were corrected.

26-Feb-03 11 Sheet "Input"

Cell "G128" was corrected. Top side ------>> Toe side

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32/33 373099489.xls,Read me
tion formula in Cells "K120", "L120", "M120" and "N120" were corrected.

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