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Set No. 1
Code No: M0228 /R07

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IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010

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ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
(Electrical & Electronics Engineering)

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Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions

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All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Explain load modeling and its characteristics.

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(b) Obtain the relation between the load factor and loss factor. [7+9]

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2. (a) Draw the single line diagrams of radial type and loop type primary feeders
and mention various components.
a.
(b) Dicuss the basic design practice of the secondary distribution system. [8+8]
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3. (a) Discuss the benefits, which are derived through optimal location of substations.
(b) Calculate % voltage drop of hexagonally shaped area of distribution substation. [8+8]
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4. (a) Derive the voltage drop equation for a non-uniform distributed laod.
(b) A single phase feeder circuit has total impedance of (0.5+j0.2) and VR = 11 kV and
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I R = 5 30 0 A , respectively. Find
(i) Power factor of the load
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(ii) Load p.f. for which the impedance angle is maximum

(iii) load p.f. for which impedance angle is maximum and derive the
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formula used. [8+8]

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Code No: M0228 /R07

Set No. 1

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5. Describe the principle of operation of:
(a) fuses

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(b) Circuit breakers
(c) Line sectionalizer

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(d) circuit recloser. [44]

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6. (a) Explain the overall coordination procedure employed for protection of
distribution systems.

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(b) What is the need for coordination ? Explain in detail. [8+8]

7. A 3phase transformer rated 7000 kVA and has a over load capability of 125%

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of the rating. If the connected load is 1150 kVA with a 0.8 pf (lag), determine
the following :
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(a) The kVAR rating of shunt capacitor bank required to decrease the kVA
load of the transformer to its capability level,
a.
(b) the kVAR rating of the shunt capacitor bank required to correct the load
p.f. to unity.
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(c) the p.f. of the corrected level, [6+4+6]

8. (a) Compare and explain the role of shunt and series capacitor in voltage control.
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(b) Describe different types of equipment for voltage control with neat diagrams. [8+8]
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Set No. 2
Code No: M0228 /R07

IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010

m
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
(Electrical & Electronics Engineering)

o
.c
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions

ot
All Questions carry equal marks
*******

sp
1. (a) Explain the various factors affecting the distribution system planning.
(b) Explain the following:

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(i) coincidence factor
(ii) contribution factor
(iii) loss factor [8+8]
bl
2. (a) Discuss the differences between radial and loop types of primary distribution feeders.
(b) Draw the single line diagram of radial type primary feeder and mention the factors
a.
that influences the selection of primary feeder. [7+9]
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3. (a) How do you analyze a substation service area with n primary feeders?
(b) Discuss how the rating of distribution substation is fixed. [8+8]
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4. (a) Prove the power loss due to the load currents in the conductors of single-phase lateral
ungrounded neutral case is 2 times larger than one in the equivalent three phase
lateral.
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(b) Consider a three phase, 3 wire 240V secondary system with balanced loads at A, B
and C as shown in Figure (4a) Determine:
(i) The voltage drop in one phase of lateral
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(ii) The real power per phase for each load

(iii) The reactive power per phase for each load. [8+8]
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A B C
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Z1 Z2 Z3 Z1=(0.03+j0.01) /phase
Distribution
Z2=(0.1+j0.03) /phase
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transformer Z3=(0.05+j0.05) /phase

20 A 30 A 50 A
UPF 0.5 lag 0.9 lag
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Figure (4a)

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Set No. 2
Code No: M0228 /R07

5. (a) Discuss the procedure for fault current calculation in following faults:

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(i) 3-phase fault
(ii) Single Line-Ground fault

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(b) Explain about the operation of a circuit breaker. [10+6]

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6. (a) Explain Fuse-Circuit breaker coordination.
(b) Explain Recloser- Circuit breaker coordination. [8+8]

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7. (a) Explain the effect of shunt compensation on distribution system.
(b) A 3-phase substation transformer has a name plate rating of 7250 kVA and a thermal

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capability of 120% of the name plate rating. If the connected load is 8816 kVA with a
0.85 power factor (lagging), determine the following:
(i) The kVAR rating of the shunt capacitor bank required to decrease the

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kVA load of the transformer to its capability level
(ii) The power factor of the corrected level. [6+10]
bl
8. (a) Briefly explain the line drop compensation on voltage control.
(b) How do the shunt capacitors and reactors control the voltage? List the disadvantages
a.
of using a shunt capacitor for voltage control. [6+10]
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Set No. 3
Code No: M0228 /R07

IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010

m
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
(Electrical & Electronics Engineering)

o
.c
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions

ot
All Questions carry equal marks
*******

sp
1. (a) Discuss in detail about Residential and industrial loads and their respective
characteristics.
(b) Discuss about the three factors which affect the distribution system planning in

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the near future. [9+7]

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2. What are the various factors that are to be considered in selecting a primary
feeder rating? Describe the arrangement with suitable diagram. [16]
a.
3. (a) How the rating of distribution substation can be calculated. Explain taking a general
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case with n no. of feeders.

(b) Explain benefits derived through optimal location of substations. [8+8]
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4. (a) Prove the power loss due to load currents in the conductors of the 2-phase, 3
wirelateral with multi-grounded neutral is approximately 1.64 times larger than
the one in the equivalent 3-phase lateral.
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(b) In terms of resistance and reactance of the circuit, derive the equation for load
power factor for which voltage drop is minimum. [8+8]
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5. (a) The per unit values of positive, negative and zero sequence reactances of a network
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at fault are 0.08, 0.07 and 0.05 respectively. Determine the fault current if the fault
is double line to ground.
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(b) What is the main objective of Distribution system protection? Explain in detail.
[6+10]
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Set No. 3
Code No: M0228 /R07

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6. (a) Explain Fuse-Fuse coordination.

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(b) Explain Fuse-Circuit breaker coordination. [8+8]

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7. (a) What are the differences between fixed and switched capacitors. What are their
effects on distributions systems?

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(b) Explain the procedure employed to determine the best capacitor location. [8+8]

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8. (a) Why we need to control the voltage of power system? Explain in detail.
(b) With the help of a phasor diagram, show how a series capacitor boosts the
voltage? What are the drawbacks of this method? [8+8]

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a.
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Code No: M0228 /R07 Set No. 4

IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

m
(Electrical & Electronics Engineering)

o
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80

.c
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

ot
*******
1. Draw a block diagram in flow chart form for a typical distribution system planning

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process and explain the techniques for distribution planning. [16]

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2. (a) Explain with neat sketches radial type and loop type sub transmission systems.
(b) Explain various factors that influence voltage levels in design and operation of
the distribution system? [8+8]
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3. (a) What are the various factors that are to be considered in selecting optimal location
a.
of a substation.
(b) Compare the four and six feeders patterns in substation location. [8+8]
dd

4. Derive an approximate voltage drop & power loss equation of primary feeder and
give the condition for load p.f. at which voltage drop is maximum. [16]
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5. (a) What are the objectives of Distribution system protection.

(b) Explain about the operation of a Fuse. [10+6]
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6. (a) Explain in detail how the co- ordination of various protective devices helps
in improving system performance.
(b) Explain Fuse-Recloser coordination. [8+8]
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7. (a) Write short notes on power factor correction.

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(b) How do you determine the best capacitor location? Explain. [8+8]
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8. (a) How an AVB can control voltage? With the aid of suitable diagram explain its
function.
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(b) Briefly write the various methods adopted for voltage control. [8+8]

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