IJE_13318_RA

Vol 5, Issue 2, 2017 ISSN - 2347-5528

Review Article
1 POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT USING FUZZY LOGIC BASED UNIFIED POWER QUALITY 1
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3 CONDITIONER 3
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6 PRATIK DAS, SAMIKSHYA MISHRA 6
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8 Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, BPUT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Email: ??? 8 AQ1
9 Received: 07June 2016, Revised and Accepted: 23June 2016 9
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11 ABSTRACT 11
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13 Any electrical power process consists of vast variety of electrical, digital and energy digital equipment in commercial and industrial applications. The 13
14 satisfactory of the vigor is effected via many causes such as harmonic illness, due to the increment of nonlinear hundreds, comparable to big thyristor 14
15 vigor converters, rectifiers, voltage and present flickering as a result of arc in arc furnaces, sag and swell due to the switching of the hundreds and so 15
16 forth. Considering that many of the electronic apparatus is nonlinear in nature these will set off harmonics within the process, which have an effect on 16
17 the sensitive loads to be fed from the procedure. These issues are partly solved with the support of LC passive filters. Nonetheless, this form of filter 17
18 cannot remedy random version in the load present wave type and voltage wave form. Active filters can resolve this concern. Nevertheless, the cost of 18
19 lively filters is excessive. They are complex to put in force in large scale. In addition, they reward scale back efficiency than shunt passive filters. One of 19
20 the most many options is using a mixed method of shunt and lively series filters like unified vigor pleasant conditioner which ambitions at attaining 20
21 a low price beneath extremely powerful manipulate. The unified vigor best conditioner (unified power quality conditioner [UPQC]) gadget combines 21
22 a shunt energetic filter at the side of a sequence active filter in a back to again configuration, to simultaneously compensate the supply voltage and 22
23 the load present or to mitigate any kind of voltage and present fluctuations and vigor element correction in an energy distribution community, such 23
24 that multiplied vigor quality may also be made to be had on the point of customary coupling. The gift work learn the compensation principle and 24
25 extraordinary manage methods used listed below are founded on Fuzzy logic centered controller of the UPQC in element. The manipulate systems are 25
26 modeled utilizing MATLAB/SIMULINK. The performance can also be located underneath affect of utility facet disturbances akin to harmonics, flicker 26
27 and spikes. The simulation results are listed in comparison of exceptional manipulate systems and for the verification of outcome. 27
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33 INTRODUCTION UPFC, employs two voltage source inverters (VSIs) that connected to a DC 33
34 energy storage capacitor. Such a two VSIs is connected in sequence with 34
Quite a lot of harmonic mitigation techniques had been proposed to
35 AC line even as the opposite is attached in shunt with the AC approach. 35
reduce the influence of harmonics. These tactics comprise segment
36 AUPQC that mixes the operations of a distribution static compensator 36
multiplication, passive filters, active power filters (APFs), and harmonic
37 and dynamic voltage regulator together. This gear contains a shunt 37
injection. One of the trendy APFs is the shunt lively vigor filter. It is in
38 lively filter in conjunction with a sequence lively filter. This combination 38
general a current source, connected in parallel with the nonlinear loads.
39 enables a simultaneous compensation of the supply present and 39
Conventionally, a shunt APF is managed in one of these means as to
40 voltages at the sensitive load, in a method theyre sinusoidal, balanced 40
inject harmonic and reactive compensation currents headquartered on
41 and minimized. Aback to again configuration is used for the series 41
calculated reference currents. The injected currents are meant to cancel
42 and shunt pulse-width modulation three-level converters, wherein the 42
the harmonic and reactive currents drawn with the aid of the nonlinear
43 shunt converter is liable to maintain the DC-link voltages at an sufficient 43
hundreds [2]. Not too long ago, fuzzy logic (FLC) controller has
44 worth. Traditionally multilevel vigor converters can also be seen as 44
generated an excellent deal of curiosity in more than a few applications
45 voltage synthesizers, where the excessive output voltage is synthesized 45
and has been offered in the vigor electronics area [3,4].
46 from many smaller voltage levels. Hence, harmonics and ripples of the 46
47 generated voltages and currents are lowered. The predominant skills 47
Some great benefits of fuzzy common sense controllers over the conventional
48 of this attribute are that the dimensions of the passive accessories and 48
PI controller are that they wont have an accurate mathematical mannequin;
49 the series single phase transformers will also be lowered, optimizing the 49
they can work with imprecise inputs, can manage nonlinearity, and is also
50 efficiency of UPQC. The UPQC manipulate strategy is established on set 50
extra potent than the conventional PI controller. Use of fuzzy good judgment
51 of active and non-lively vigor definitions on the time domain. The set 51
for minimization of harmonics and improvement of vigor quality is not a
52 of these definitions were adopted in manipulate strategy such that the 52
brand new hassle alternatively quite a lot of authors has offered some
53 conditioner is competent to compensates, in real time, the harmonics, 53
innovative methodologies utilizing these instruments [5]. The foremost
54 steadiness of the process voltages, and load currents. AUPQC is 54
observation from the work stated with the aid of quite a lot of researchers for
55 employed in a vigor transmission method to perform shunt and series 55
vigor nice growth is the design of APF beneath constant load stipulations
56 compensation whilst. Avigor distribution method may just incorporate 56
or for masses with sluggish and small variant [6]. As hundreds in sensible
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existence are in general variable, theres the ought to design an lively vigor unbalance, distortion and even DC add-ons. For this reason a UPQC
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filter, which is capable of maintaining the total harmonic distortion well operate, higher than a UPFC, with all these elements with the intention
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within the IEEE norms[7], underneath variable load conditions. This paper, to provide shunt or series compensation. The UPQC is a fairly new device
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hence, offers an auto-tuned lively vigor filter utilizing Mamdani fuzzy- and not a lot of works have been suggested on it. Typically, it has been
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controller to control the harmonics underneath variable load conditions considered as blend of sequence and shunt active filters.
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apart from balanced and unbalanced load stipulations.
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Power quality
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A unified vigor pleasant conditioner (unified power quality conditioner The term vigor pleasant is just not universally agreed on but the
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[UPQC]) is a device thats an identical in building to a unified power glide proposal has become a very important facet of power supply. Different
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conditioner (unified power flow controller [UPFC]). The UPQC, just as in a terminology in use is quality of vigor deliver and voltage first-rate.
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Innovare Journal of Education, Vol 5, Issue 2, 2017, 1-5

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15 Fig. 1: Basic configuration of unified power flow controller 15
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34 Fig. 2: Fuzzy logic based adopted technique 34
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59 Fig. 3: Unified power quality conditioner system inter connected with energy storage 59
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61 Curiosity in vigor satisfactory has not too long ago extended frequently The satisfactory of electrical vigor supply is a suite of parameters 61
62 as a result of the following factors: which describe the process of electrical energy delivery to the user 62
63 Equipment has end up extra sensitive to voltage disturbances. underneath ordinary working stipulations, determine the continuity 63
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Equipment factors voltage disturbances. The number of masses fed of supply (short and long deliver interruptions) and characterize the
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by way of energy digital converters have not too long ago multiplied. provide voltage (magnitude, asymmetry, frequency, and waveform
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These reward a challenge in ensuring vigor excellent. shape). Vigor quality phenomena may also be divided into two
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There is a growing need for standardization and performance criteria. varieties.
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The vigor first-rate will also be measured. Harmonic currents and A attribute of voltage or current (e.g., frequency or energy
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voltage dips are not problematic to measure. component) is not ever exactly equal to its nominal and preferred

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Innovare Journal of Education, Vol 5, Issue 2, 2017, 1-5

1 value. The small deviations are called voltage editions or present in parallel to the transmission line via a shunt transformer while the 1
2 editions. other is in sequence with the transmission line by means of a sequence 2
3 Every now and then the voltage or present deviates significantly transformer. Each VSCs are related to one another by means of a normal 3
4 from its natural or best wave shape. These unexpected deviations DC hyperlink together with a storage capacitor. The shunt inverter 4
5 are referred to as pursuits. is used for voltage law on the point of connection injecting reactive 5
6 power into the road and to steadiness the actual vigor flow exchanged 6
7 Vigor quality activities are the phenomena which will result in tripping between the series inverter and the transmission line. The sequence 7
8 of apparatus, to interruption of the creation or of plant operation, or inverter can be utilized to manipulate the real and reactive line vigor 8
9 endanger energy process operation. This involves interruptions, under flow inserting voltage with controllable magnitude and phase in series 9
10 voltages, overvoltage, phase angle jumps and three section unbalance. with the transmission line. Thereby, the UPFC can fulfill capabilities of 10
11 reactive shunt compensation, lively and reactive series compensation 11
12 UPFC and phase shifting (Fig.1). 12
13 The UPFC is used to manipulate the vigor float in a transmission 13
14 system with the aid of controlling the impedance, voltage magnitude PROPOSED SCHEME 14
15 and phase angle. The basic constitution of the UPFC contains two 15
16 voltage supply converters (VSCs); the place one converter is hooked up UPQC design for power quality improvement (Fig.2) 16
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19 APPLICATIONS OF UPQC 19
20 Due to the energy conditioning potential of the UPQC, it may find 20
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numerous functions in the latest vigor techniques. Its worth exploring
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the new areas of application of this versatile gadget have designed a
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consumer great manipulate core as part of a bendy distribution method.
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Specific customers can decide on distinctive exceptional of electricity
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in this system. The key part of the purchaser best manipulate core is
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a UPQC, which assures excessive great vigor to primary customers.
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Correa et al. in record the application of a UPQC in a high frequency AC
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micro-grid. The micro-grid consists of small generators with regional
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masses. The UPQC, when linked on the high frequency original bus,
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compensates for reactive power, load present harmonics and voltage
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distortions.
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Configuration of proposed UPQC:
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The UPQC is utilized for simultaneous compensation of the load present
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Fig. 4: Membership functions and the voltage disturbance at the source part. Quite often the UPQC has
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Fig. 5: System model

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Innovare Journal of Education, Vol 5, Issue 2, 2017, 1-5

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25 Fig. 6: Fuzzy controller 25
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43 Fig. 7: Mamdani fuzzy variables 43
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45 Fig. 9: Voltage before compensation (during fault) 45
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47 One inverter, referred to as the sequence inverter is attached by way of 47
48 transformers between the supply and the customary connection factor. 48
49 The another inverter called the shunt inverter is attached in parallel 49
50 via the transformers. The sequence inverter operates as a voltage 50
51 supply, while the shunt inverter operates as a current source. The UPQC 51
52 has compensation capabilities for the harmonic current, the reactive 52
53 vigor compensation, the voltage disturbances, and the vigor float 53
54 manipulate. Nevertheless, it has no compensation capacity for voltage 54
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interruption considering no energy is stored. This paper proposes a
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new configuration for the UPQC that has the tremendous capacitors for
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vigor storage linked to the DC link by means of the DC/DC converter.
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The proposed UPQC can compensate the voltage interruption in the
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fundamental component of the A-B transformed current, i = sin(1t)
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and i = cos(1t). The calculated active power S p and reactive power
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S q includes the positive sequence fundamental component of the
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source voltage vs (Fig.3).
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Fig. 8: Fuzzy rules FUZZY BASICS
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66 Fuzzification 66
67 two voltage supply inverters of three segment four wire or three section Fuzzification is an approach whereby the enter variables are mapped 67
68 three wire configurations. onto fuzzy variables (linguistic variables). Every fuzzified variable has 68
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1 FUZZY RULES (Figs.7-11) 1

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CONCLUSION
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6 In this study, we now have tested energy quality problems, simulated the 6
7 voltage faults making use of SIMULINK seeing that a small transmission 7
8 line. 8
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10 Later, weve developed a modified Fuzzy good judgment based UPQC 10
11 controller that eradicated the Voltage Sag. 11
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13 Furthermore, the out DC load voltage has been analyzed for performance 13
14 evaluation. 14
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16 Someday works different smooth computing techniques like neural 16
17 community (NN), genetic algorithm (GA) could also be adopted for the 17
18 higher growth. 18
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20 In addition different fact controller may be presented for different fault 20
Fig. 10: Voltage after compensation
21 rectifications 21
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