Key Words for Fluency Intermediate collocation practice learning and practising the most useful words of English George Woolard THOMSON United Kingdom = United States + Australa + Canada + Mexico * Singapore + SpainTHOMSON ——+___- Key Words for Fluency Intermediate George Woolard Publisher: Christopher Wenger Director of Development: Anita Raducanu ‘Amy Mabley Developmental Editor: Jimmie Hill Production Manager: Sally Giangrande Intl. Marketing Manager: Eric Bredenberg Copyright © 2005 by Thomson ELT, 2 part of the Thomson Corporation. Thomson ELT and the ‘Thomson logo are trademarks used herein under license. All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means ~ graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, web distribution or information storage and retrieval systems — without the written permission of the publisher. Printed in kaly. 123456789 10 08 07 06 05 04 For more information, contact Thomson Learning, High Holborn House, 50/5! Bedford Row, London WCIR 4LR, United Kingdom, or ‘Thomson Heinle, 25 Thomson Place, Boston, MA 02210 USA, or you can visit our internet site at celtthomsen.com For permission to use material from this book, submie a request online at www thomsonrights.com ISBN: 0-7593.9628.0 Sr. Print Buyer: Mary Beth Hennebury Wlustrator: Bill Stott Cover/Text Designer: Anna Macleod ‘Cover Image: © Anna Macleod Printer: Canale ‘The author George Woolard is an experienced ELT teacher and trainer whe has worked in Greece, Malaysia, and the UK. He now teaches at Stevenson College, Edinburgh. His publications include Lessons with Laughter and Grammar with Laughter (Thomson ELT) Acknowledgements | am grateful to Michael Lewis for his comments in the early stages of the development of the Key Word approach that underpins this book I should also lke co thank those colleagues and seudents at Scevenson College, Edinburgh, whose feedback proved invaluable during the development and writing of this material. Lastly, am particularly grateful to my editor, Jimmie Hil, for his meticulous comments and guidance in shaping this book George Woolard Key Words for Fuency ~ intermediateTo the student Dear Student Words have friends! You have probably spent a long time learning new words. However, itis not enough to know only a word and its meaning. You also need to know what other words it combines with to make natural expressions in English. Words have friends, and you need to know who they are! We call this relationship between words ‘collocation’. This is a very important part of learning vocabulary. Key words This book practises the collocations of some of the most useful words in English. These ‘key ‘words’ are the nouns we use to talk about particular topics. For example, nouns like trip, fight, passport are key words if you want to talk or write about travelling How is the book organised? This book is organised into topics, divided into 22 sections. Each section consists of a number of one-page units. Each unit consists of a box at the top of the page, which lists the most common collocations of the key word. This is followed by exercises which help you to notice and practise the collocations of that key word in natural expressions and sentences. How to use this book There is simply not enough time to learn all these collocations in cass, so this book is designed for self-study, and will help you to develop your vocabulary quickly and independently. If you do one unit of this book every day, in under a year you will have learned over 3,000 ‘expressions. That will make an enormous difference to your English! This book can also help you with your work in class. For example, if the topic in your ‘coursebook is about jobs, then it would be a good idea to look at Unie 4 ~ Work. Lastly, collocation practice is one of the best ways to prepare for the FCE and similar examinations, especially for the speaking and writing sections. Keep this book! This is a book for life. When you have completed the exercises, it becomes your personal vocabulary reference book ~ a resource book that you can return to again and aga George Woolard Edinburgh 2005 ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ IntermediateBefore you begin Section world ‘country home building accommodation and rent place to live Section pollution, fumes, waste and rubbish ‘earthquake and flood storm damage the environment Section 3: The natural world weather heat and temperature noise and silence Section job staff and duty qualification and inverview stall raining wage, salary and pay Work Section 5: Travel trip holiday flighe delay and destination passenger passport and visa luggage and fare Section 6:Traffic traffic street route and map accident injury Contents 10 u 2 1B 4 16 7 8 19 20 2 23 4 25 %6 7 28 30 31 32 3 35 36 38 39 40 4l 2 “a “ 4% a7 48 0 50 Section 7: Education education lesson practise and homework ‘exam and mark. Section 8: Sport and fitness sport team game race, competition and match viewory defeat prize strength energy and exercise Section 9: Health health iness disease and infection stress smoking and drugs (illegz!) pain appointment, symptom and test ‘treatment and cure operation and drug Section 10: Money money and cash savings, fortune and debt price fee and charge expense Section 11: Food food drink meal and dish diet and appetite party Section 12: Fun and entertainment fun and entertainment joke television and programme 4 Key Words fr Fluency ~ Intermediate 2 33 54 55 56 58 59 60 61 62 8 6 66 90 31 2 3fan and audience flim music and song Section 13: People life dexth age character clothes and fashion appearance habie and routine Section 14: Relationships friend enemy marriage divorce love respect, family Section 15: The body and the senses head band heart ee sight smell breath sleep and dream Section 16: Feeling and mood feeling mood happiness and pleasure anger fear and anxiety worry confidence disappointment and relief surprise and shock Section 17: Society ‘government and election society justice kw 34 95 %6 98 99 100 tol 102 103 104 10, 107 08 09 ho ut 12 14 us 116 17 le U9 120 i 2 123 4 126 127 128 129 130 BI 132 133 1B4 136 137 Be 139 140 Section 18: Crime and punishment crime and criminal offence, offender and victim arrest and charge (criminal) evidence trial and verdice sentence and fine punishment and prison Section 19: Conflict peace atrack defence bomb and explosion casualty weapon and gun dispute and strike campaign and demonstration Section 20: Communication language discussion speech secret, rumour and lie Section 21: Information message document article lecter mail advert, publicity and reputation ‘Section 22: Technology machine equipment computer and internet fault repair Answer Key Alphabetical List of Words Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate 142 143 laa 14s, 146 \47 148 150 St 152 153 154 55 156 157 58 160 ra 162 163 64 166, \67 168 169 170 aT In 74 175 176 7 178 179 196Before you begin |. What are key words? “Key words’ are the most common and most useful words in English. They are the most important ‘words to learn. The main reason they are important is because they can combine with lots of other words in short expressions. We call these expressions ‘collocations\ 2. What are collocations? Collocation is'the grammar of words' — how words go together with other words. Collocation tells us which words can come before or after other words. Here are some examples from this book: + verbs with money ‘You can earn money, save money, lend money, and inherit money. + adjective with price ‘You can pay the full price for something. Perhaps you only paid half-price. + verbs with food ‘You can prepare, serve, eat and waste food. ‘These are just a few of the collocations you will learn in this book. 3. Why are all the key words in this book nouns? Nouns are the most important words we know, All the other parts of speech ~ adjectives, pronouns, adverbs, verbs, and prepositions ~ are important too, but they don’t tell us as much as nouns do, Nouns tell us WHAT we are talking about: language Verbs then tell us what we ean do with a language: learn it acquire it, speak itor translate it ‘Adjectives can then tell us what kind of language: ‘our first language. a foreign language, body language, bad language. But the most important idea is to start with ideas or ings which we express with nouns. I you are having a meal and you would like the sak, you could simply say salt Everybody knows that you want the salt.So you could have said: the sale or the salt please for pass the salt please for Could you pass the sale, please? ‘We know that the last sentence is the best way of saying what we want. If we had said ‘Could you pass the X. please? nobody would know what we wanted! In ths situation, che noun salt carries 99% of our meaning 4, Why is it important to learn the collocations of the most important nouns? If we know 100 of the most important nouns,and we learn 10 verbs or adjectives which can go with ‘them, we will then know 1,000 expressions. Every time we learn 100 nouns with 10 collocations of each, we add another 1,000 expressions to our vocabulary. Quite simply, learning to use more words 6 Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediatealong with the words we already know is the most useful way to expand our English. If you study all three books in this Key Words for Fluency series, you wil learn over 10,000 expressions, 5. Who chose the words in this book? ‘These words chose themselves! In all the modern databases of English, the key words in this book are among the most ‘commonly used. The best way for you to improve your English is to learn the most common collocations of these most common words. This intermediate book ‘contains around 15 collecations of over 200 of the most useful words at this level-That means you will practise over 3,000 useful expressions if you study this book. Dictionaries contain thousands of words and expressions, but they cannot tell you which ones to learn or how to use them. “The 3,000 expressions in this book will help you to improve and help you to pass your examinations, “He makes to0 many sly mistakes!” 6. Why is this book called Key Words for Fluency? Fluency isthe ablity to speak naturally listen efciently, read quickly. and write well What does this 1. Speaking naturally means NOT making everything up one word at a time, but speaking in whole expressions at normal speed. 2. Liseening efficiently means understanding people atthe speed at which they speak This means that when you hear the first word of an, expression or the first few words of a sentence, you know how it is going to end. 3. Reading quickly means that your eye is ahead of your brain! You are able to predict what the author has written. 4. Good writing is writing which expresses exactly What you want to say in natural ways which the reader will immediately understand, All those skills depend on having a large store of words and expressions which you don't need to think about or construct every time you use English. The more collocations you know, the less you need to think! And the more fluent your English becomes. 7. Test yourself! Here are eight common situations.You should be able to guess the missing words immediatly. |. I need to work harder at my English. make too many sily ‘The answer is ‘mistakes Although people would understand what you meont if you soi fous is hot the word we use inthis situation Again ‘make o mistake’ or make mistakes’is a fted expression ~ 0 callocation 2. Look, we've got plenty of time. like to see what the countryside round here is like Lets take the scenic .......home. The answer i route’ You wouldn't say ‘scenic road or ‘scenic way: The collocation is ‘scenic route’ f you used ‘way’ or ‘road’ people would understand, but ‘scenic routes the natural choice. Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate3. If your television breaks down in the first three months, we promise to replace it free of The answer is‘charge’You might have guessed ‘cost: Again, your meaning s clear, but the collocation used inthis situation is free of charge’ 4, Not only did she win the marathon, she also set a new world The answer is record Infact, the whole collocation is ‘set a new world record: This is a good example of a verb + adjective + noun collocation, Most of the collocation in this book are two or three words verb + noun or adjective + noun or noun + preposition + noun This example shows that colocaions can be quite long. tis realy important that you learn the whole expression 5. There's been a coup and the president and his family have fled the .. The answer is ‘country You flee 0 country’'if you are a poltcian and you want to get out fast! We don't ‘lee the nation’ ~ always the country. 6. On the way to Athens last week, we flew through an electric storm.The plane was struck by The answer is ‘ightning’ You are ‘struck by lightning’ You can't be ‘struck by thunder’ The collocation ‘struck by lightning’ is fixed You never need to think about it! Just learn i and remember it 7. Its so stuffy in here. I just want to get out into the fresh The answer i ‘i You might think of saying: just want to get outside, Because we have this ready-made collocation ‘get out into the fresh air, that's the natural thing to say! 8. Sorry,I'm late. The traffic was terrible. My taxi got stuck in a traffic. The answer is Jom’ The collocation ‘trafic jam’ so common, it's dificult to think off as twe words! However, its important that you notice and learn the whole expression ‘got stuck in a traffic jam. ‘And itis equaly important that you make yourself use the expression, Practise by changing the pronoun, the tense, nd the context. For example: We got stuck in a huge traffic jam on the way to the airport and missed our fight. | try to avoid the rush hour because I hate getting stuck in taffic jams. Finally | hope that these 8 examples help you understand why noticing and learning collocation is so important: * The more collocations you know and can use, the more fluently you will be able to speak. le means you won't have to make up everything new all the time ~ you can just remember whole expressions. + The more collocations you know, the easier i will be to understand people who speak quickly - particularly native speakers. + The more collocations you know, the easier it will be to read because you wan't have to read every word + The more collocations you know, the easier it will be to write well and accurately. ‘You won't need to translate from your own language into English as much. 6 Key Words for Fluency ~ IntermediateSection 1 A place to live world 10 country un home 12 building B accommodation and rent 14 Basis é Gy “al Wi, Nic ” e “Home, sweet home!” ‘key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediateworld Verb + world Adjective + world World + noun change the world a changing world world affairs destroy the world an ideal world world peace | ‘take over the world the outside world a world authority | see the world a safer world ‘a world record the whole world |. Verb + world Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. Asa young man | wanted to ........-..the world before | settled down. That's why | went off to Australia and New Zealand, 2, Like many young people, my son is very idealistic and he wants to the world and make it a better place 3. Man is the only creature capable of the world 4, Fast food outlets seem to have over the world. You!l find burgers and {ries in almost every corner of the planet. 2. Adjective + world Complete these sentences with the above adjectives: 1. As the only survivor of the crash fel | was the luckiese man in the. world. 2. We must get rid of nuclear weapons to guarantee our children a ........... World, 3. We live in a rapidly ...........world and must learn to adapt if we are to succeed, 4 In an .....-+.+,World, no one would go hungry. 5. The people on this small island have no telephones or radios ~ they are completely cut off from the «2+... world 3. World + noun Notes 10 Complete these sentences with the above nouns: 1. DeVoits, a world .......+..-0n UFOS, will be giving a talk in the main lecture theatre this evening. 2, Maurice Green brake his own world when he won the 100 metres at the Olympics. 3. If you want to broaden your knowledge of world .........,you should read a newspaper every day. 4. The recent increase in terrorism is a real threat to world 1. Note these prepositional expressions: The ceremony was watched by mills around the wold thoughout the word J the world over 2. Note these expressions There's nothing inthe world we can do about (nothing ata) There's no need to rush, we've go al the tne in the word (have plenty of time) He cared on, wthou a care he word (ot wered about anything ot al) The food was out of tis wor! (fantastc) Thanks for coming It means the world to me, (ery importent to me) 3. Note that if you break a world record, you become the world record holder ey Words for Fluency — intermediatecountry Verb + country Adjective + country Common expressions enter a country a foreign country countries break off relations flee a country a free country ‘countries go to war paralyse a country neighbouring country countries gain independence represent a country an underdeveloped country countries host sporting events run a country wealthy country ‘countries sign agreements |. Verb + country Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: Le He ...ssse-othe country to escape arrest for the murder of his wife. 2. Arailair and bus strike has the country. Most offices and factories have had to shut down. 3. You'll need a visa to ..........the country. 4. Many people are unhappy with the way the government is ..........the country. 5. She was proud to «her country at the recent Olympics. 2. Adjective + country Complete these sentences with the above odjecives: |. It’s hard to believe that, in such a ..........country, some people don't have enough food. [es dificult to live In @..........€ountry ifyou don't speak the language. Don's tell me what to do! Ie a........--country and I can do what I like! The developed world should provide more aid to .......... countries. 3. Common expressions ‘Match the haves: Which country will hose ‘Twenty couneres signed . The country gained (Our country has broken off ‘The two countries are in danger of independence from the UK in 1967. . going to war over ol diplomatic relations with the UK. fan agreement to stop whaling the next Olympic Games? , paper wawne Note [Note these verb + preposition expressions e ‘We are here today to honour those who fought and ded for thei county in two World Wers. Thirty lego! immigrants have been deported back pone ioe cats ty aa fsa "She wos s0 proud to [Al vehicles ae checked atthe border to prevent ‘represent her country! cups being smugped ita the county. ey Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate The UN is often involved in setdling border disputes between countries "home Verb +home Home +noun Verb +noun+home Preposition + home get home hhome address take 2 taxi home athome head home home cooking see (you) home away from home leave home home delivery send (you) home from home return home home town welcome (you) home _on the way home all home ‘own your home 1. Verb + home Complete the sentences withthe core form ofthe above verbs: I. He.....sscschome at the age of 18 and joined the army. 2. I think we should .........home now, before it gets too dark. 3. L might be able to go ~ It depends on what time | home from work 4. Some people want to their home, while others are quite happy to rent. 5. 1........-home once a week on my mobile o see how my parents are keeping. & We became increasingly worried when our daughter filed to ..........home 2. Home + noun Choose the correct collocation: |. When I went away to university I missed my mother’s home cooking / meals. 2. Please remember to write your home address / street at the top of the letter 3. The price of the dishwasher includes free home transport / delivery and installation, 4. When she dies, she wanes to be buried in her home city! town, 3. Verb + noun + home Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. The teacher ..........him home from school for bad behaviour, 2. One of my colleagues. me home safely after the party. 3. IF you miss che last bus, you can always. a taxi home, 4, Hundreds of fans went to the airport to ..........their team home, 4, Preposition + home ‘Motch the two halves: 1. My job involves alot of travel so I'm 2. There was nobody 3. | stopped at the supermarket 4. The internet makes it possible fon the way home from work. to work from home, at home when I called away from home for weeks at a time eee Notes 1, Note hese adjective collocation: ‘My ideal ome wuld hove an indoor swimming pool and it would ovelok the se, He's fom o broken home. His parents separated when he wes cnly four They spend the summer in their hold home in the French Abs, 2. Note the expressions home-grown’ and home-made’ We had homegrown vegetables and homemade breed for inch 2 ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediatobuilding Verb + building Adjective + building Noun + prep + building construct a building a derelict building appearance of a building demolish a building an empty building damage to the building convert a building 2 fine building entry to the building evacuate a building a high-rise building a floor of the building restore a building ‘the main building the tenants of a building «public building I. Verb + building Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. Our company has the contract to design and the new parliament building, 2. This beautiful old building has been painstakingly ..........-to its former glory. 3, Within minutes of receiving the bomb threat, we had ...........the building. 4, There are plans to ‘eathe old school building into homes for the elderly. 5, Engineers say that the bullding is unsafe and chat it will ave to be .. 2. Adjective + building Notes Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: 1, Our footsteps echoed through the buliding, 2. New York has . buildings everywhere, 3. On the day of the King’s funeral, fags flew at half mast on all buildings. 4, Many homeless people end up sleeping rough in parks and .........- buildings. 5. My department isnt in the town centre, but the building of the university is Fightin the middle of town. 6, Prague is a beautiful city with lots of buildings. "Its nothing but igh se 3. Noun + preposition + building buildings everywhere!” Complete the sentences with the above nouns lL 2 3 4 5 . to the building has been estimated at £60,000 . By law, there has to be a fire exit on each of the building. ‘The burglars gained to the building through the back door. All the ......+.+-0f the building are unhappy about the increase in rents “The interior of the hotel has been extensively renovated, but the outward .. of the building hasn't changed for over 100 years, |. Note how we say we like a building: ‘eis on atvacive bulling with beouful gardens. The cat it an pressive bung witht igh was and huge gate The Blve Mosque in Istanbul isa truly magricen bling. 2. A tisted building is one which cannot be changed without permission from the government eis usualy an important buldng because ofits history oF design. ey Words for Fuenoy ~ Intermediate 13accommodation and rent Verb + accommodation Adjective + accommodation Verb + rent find accommodation free accommodation afford the rent provide accommodation _ furnished accommodation. owe rent live in accommodation self-catering accommodation _pay the rent guarantee accommodation temporary accommodation put up the rent withhold the rent I. Verb + accommodation Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. We help new employees to suitable accommodation in the city. Most find something they lke within a week or two. 2. Students are .........--a¢commodation in the halls of residence for their first year Were lucky we have plenty of student flats and rooms. 3 les. small hotel bue ie can accommodation for up to thirty people. 4, My Uncle Paul is disabled and ...........In sheltered accommodation, where there Is a warden on call to provide help if needed. 2. Adjective + accommodation Complete the sentences with the obove adjectives: 1. The council is using the local schoo! hall accommodation for the families made homeless by the recent floods. 2. Wee in ..........accommodation, so well be doing all our own cooking, 3. The flat had a bed and a chair! That's not what I call accommodation! 4. In return for ‘accommodation and food, tidy the house and look after the two kids while the parents are at work. 3. Verb + rent Notes 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form ofthe above verbs ht a slightly higher rent than the other tenants in the fat because my room is the biggest. 2. The landlord wants to .......++++ Up the rent by £25 a month, but 'm refusing to pay any more. Were ...........the rent until the landlord agrees to ge the central heating fixed We need a bigger house for our large family but we can't the rent. . The landlord is threatening to eviet the tenants if they don’t pay the rent they -by the end of the week |. Note these expressions with ‘xcommodation’ There's a shortage of lack of cheap rented accommodation for students in London 2. Note these expressions with rent Since Ising my jo, Ive len behind withthe ren (nt able to pay The rents due one month in advance. (pay fer the month ahead) ‘Mos of my salary goes on rat Ive very lide left fr food and entertainment havea spare oom to let at a monty rent of E55, Whats the rent onthe house? ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ intermediateSection 2 The environment environment pollution, fumes, waste and rubbish earthquake and flood storm damage Now, Carol don't yu think youre taking this @ bic 00 far?” ey Words for Fluency —Intormodiato 17 18 19 20environment Verb + environment Noun + prep +... respect the environment a hostile environment damage to the environment harm the environment a male environment effect on the environment pollute the environment 2 pleasant environment a threat to the environment protect the environment a safe environment in harmony with the a stress-free environment the destruction of the .. |. Verb + environment Complete these sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 2 3 4 Many of the town's factories continue to the environment. The local rivers have all been ruined by the chemicals from some of them. I always try to buy eco-friendly products chat don't ‘the environment. ‘The government hopes to teach children to ...........the environment through ew projects in schools. ‘Acid rain produced by factories is killing trees across the country. The government must introduce new policies to the environment. 2. Adjective + environment We use ‘envionment 'to describe the conditions that we learn and work in. Complete the sentences withthe above adjectives: I 2 2 4 . My office i quite bright and spacious I's a.........., Working environment. Unlike some people, actually like coming to work! No working environment is entirely There are always pressures. ‘As a deep-sea diver | have to work in a dangerous and environment. | work in a predominantly .. environment. t'm the only woman in the office! Employers should provide ‘working environment for their employees so that accidents are avoided as far as possible, 3. Noun + preposition + environment Complete these sentences with the above nouns: Notes 2 3 Many chemicals used in industry have a damaging ‘on the environment. Some of them take a very long time to disappear. ‘Overpopulation is probably the greatest ...........to the environment today. Ie’s important that tourism develops in with the environment. Every day large areas of forest disappear to make paper for newspapers. Few of us take the time to think about this large scale ...........of the environment. We are causing serious ...........£0 the environmen by using up the Earth's [An environmentalist’ s someone who wants to protec the environment. ‘The Green Party i a poltial organisation whose main aim fe to procect the environment. Greenpeace le an international organisation which organises protert around the world to protect the environment. ‘We tlk about environmentally sriendly products! ‘Key Words for Fuency — Intermediatepollution, fumes, waste and rubbish Verb + pollution Verb+fumes Verb + waste Verb + rubbish reduce pollution inhale fumes ‘create waste clear up rubbish pollution destroys fumes pour out dispose of waste collect rubbish, pollution threatens be overcome by dump waste pick up rubbish pollution rises fumes. recycle waste reeycle rubbish I. Verb + pollution Complete these sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. Most cars now have 2 catalytic converter to help ........... pollution. 2. Air pollution has ‘to unacceptable levels in some areas of the city 3. Scientists have warned that pollution is the ozone layer, 4, Pollution from the oil tanker is ..........fish farms all along the coast. 2. Verb + fumes 3, Verb + waste Complete these sentences with the above verbs I. Thick black exhaust fumes were ‘out of the back of the old bus. 2. Three firemen needed hospital treatment ater poisonous fumes. 3. Annumber of workers were : by toxic fumes from the burning factory and had to be carried out of the building by firefighters Complete these sentences with the above verbs |. We have a compost bin which we use to ‘our household waste, 2. The company was fined for Untreated industrial waste into the river 3. We use too much packaging on food. He vccescseessa lot of unnecessary waste 4, Is there a safe way to .. of nuclear waste? “You should've seen the black exhaust fumes pouring out of the bus!” 4, Verb + rubbish Note Complete these sentences with the correct form of the above verbs 1. The rubbish is...........0n Mondays, but | put the bin out on Sunday night. 2. Who's responsible for ........-.-up the rubbish after the carnival? 3 Please tp your rubbish when you leave, and put i into the bins. 4, Why not your household rubbish instead of throwing it away? Note these expressions The government lay down srct guideline forthe dsposlof hazardous west There shouldbe an international ban on the dumping of radioactive wost at sea ‘After the match the stadium was litered wih ubbish ey Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate 7earthquake and flood Verb + earthquake Flood + verb Flood + noun predict an earthquake floods cause damage flood damage survive an earthquake floods cut the area off flood victim set off an earthquake floods hie the area flood warning withstand an earthquake floods sweep things away flood water earthquakes hit earthquakes devastate earthquakes shake buildings I. Verb + earthquake Complete these sentences with the correct form ofthe above verbs |. Most of the tall buildings in Tokyo have been designed to earthquakes. les always the older buildings which sustain the most damage, 2. Armajor earthquake will probably Los Angeles within the next 50 years. 3. In the future, scientists hope to become more accurate in ......... earthquakes But persuading people co leave their homes is another matter! 4. Achuge earthquake, measuring 7.5 on the Richter scale,..........the whole region ‘There are only a few buildings lee standing in the whole area. 5. The earthquake many buildings inthe area, but the tremors were not powerful enough to cause any of them to collapse. 6. Few buildings ..........the earthquake intact. Most suffered damage of some kind or other. 7. There are fears that the slight tremors we have experienced in recent months may off a fullscale earthquake, 2. Flood + verb ‘Complete these sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. The floods have .........-off a number of villages inthe area. Rescue services are using boats to get food and drinking water through to the flood victims. 2. The region was .........-by a series of flash floods. There was no time to issue flood warnings and hundreds were drowned as 2 result. 3. Heavy floods have away homes and roads in the south of Bangladesh, Villagers will have to wait until the flood waters recede before they can return. 4, These severe floods have ‘widespread destruction. Ill be months before the flood damage is cleared up. [Now underfine the flood + noun expressions inthe sentences. Notes I. Note these expressions with ‘earthquake! The west coast of America is prone to earthquakes. (Rely tobe affected by them) Its an earthquake prone region Hundreds of people were buried alve inthe earthquake, Paces ike Naples and Los Angles are in earthquake zones 2. Note these expressions with flood’ People hing in lowing areas were evacuated to higher ground becoute ofthe flood ‘After the catastrophic floods the government deloed state of emergency. ‘The floods have let thousands of people homes. 8 Key Words for Fluancy ~ Intermediatestorm | Verb + storm ‘Common expressions storms break badly damaged in a storm storms strike blown down in a storm storms destroy blown off in a storm storms rage struck by lightning in @ storm | storms die down wrecked in a storm | bbe caught in a storm uprooted in a storm | sleep through a storm | I.Verb + storm Complete these sentences with the correct frm af the above verbs: |. Hundreds of people were made homeless when severe storms e..........the cast coast of America. 2. Aviolent storm ........../USt as we reached the beach, and we had to run for shelter. 3. Aterrible storm ...........for two whole days. We couldn't leave our hotel tll ichad down. It was terrifying! 4. The old church was completely .........-in the great storm of 1954. Complete the verb phrases with the corect preposition 5, We were caught ......a heavy storm on the way home lastnight. 6. I'don't know how you managed to sleep ......the thunderstorm, 2. Common expressions Notes ‘Match the haves: |. Two ships were driven onto rocks and 2. Anumber of roofs were 1. One of the town's oldest buildings was badly 1. Thousands of trees were Several people were struck by lightning blown off during the violent storms. during yesterday's electrical storm. uprooted in the great storm. ‘wrecked in the storm. damaged in the storm. “Thousands of trees were uprooted inthe storm." 1. Note these expressions with storm’ We took sheker from the storm n a bus sheer The storm lef 10,000 homes without power o water. The storm caused widespread damoge lew the worst storm in ving memory 2 Note this expression ‘was the storm ofthe century! Nobody hes seen anything Bk it 3. ‘Tewas a storm in a tencup’ means there was 2 lot of argument, or worry about something unimporeant. Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate 8damage Verb + damage Noun + of + damage cause damage the cost of the damage insure against damage the extent of the damage prevent damage a risk of damage suffer damage signs of damage repair damage (€200) worth of damage 1. Verb + damage Complete these sentences with the correct form ofthe obove verbs: 1, Please help us to .........-.damage to the forest by keeping to the paths 2. The storm damage to property estimated at £100 milion. 3. Your house doesnt seem to have ‘much damage in the gales. 4. All our household products are "+ againse theft and accidental damage. 5. [ell eost about £50,000 to the damage caused by the fie. 2. How much damage? ‘Mark the sentences (LOT) i they mean a lot of damage, and (LIT) for litle damage: |. The voleanic eruption caused considerable damage to buildings. It wil take millions of dollars to repair them. ‘When the river floods, it causes extensive damage to the surrounding villages. le was a relatively small earthquake. It caused only minor damage to buildings. Fortunately, there were no injuries, and the damage to my car was minimal. ‘The oll spill has killed fish and caused incalculable damage to the coastline. ‘The house only suffered superficial damage from the high winds. Only a few slates ‘were missing from the roof 7. If we don't reduce pollution, we will cause serious damage to the environment. 3. Noun + of + damage Notes Complete these sentences with the above nouns: |. Storms cause thousands of pounds' ...........0f damage to property every year 2. Ie was difficult to appreciate the full of the damage at the time. lt was not until the morning after that the sheer scale of the damage could be seen. 3. The lof the damage caused by the oll spill will be around £200 milion 4, Although we hie a rock, there were no obvious ‘of damage to the boat. 5. Unless we can lower the levels of air pollution, there isa serious ...........0f damage to some of the old buildings and monuments in the city centre, |. Note the adjectives we use to describe damage that can't be repaired Ife cont stop the ol leaking from ce tanker, rreparable damage wil be done tothe coestine Deforestation has caused treersble damoge to the sl. Nothing wil ever grow in ag The smal amount of toxc chemicals in these fish can cause permanent bran daroge in children 2. Note this expression: Dont worry No damage has been done. 3. Note that in 3-2extent of the damage” andscale ofthe damage’ are similar in meaning Key Words for Fluency ~ intermediateSection 3 The natural world weather heat and temperature air light fire water noise and silence “Typical” Key Words for Fueney — Intermedisto 22 23 24 25 26 27 28weather | Verb + weather Adjective + weather Noun + prep + weather the weather changes (Coiling) hot weather the best of the weather || the weather holds (bitterly) cold weather a break in the weather the cold weather sets in dry weather a pleasant spell of weather dress for the weather wet weather a sudden change in the the weather turns hot or glorious weather weather cold Unpredictable weather |. Verb + weather Complete these sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. Youre not properly .........+.for this sort of weather: Put a coat ont 2. Ifthe fine weather ..........-Untl the weekend, we'll go camping. 3. After a cool bright day. the weather warm and thundery lat night. 4. There's a chillin the alr. Ie looks lke the weather is ...........for the worse. 5. Well need to paint the outside of the house before the cold weather 2. Adjective + weather Complete these sentences with the above adjectives: I. les 35°C today. We don't usually have such boiling weather in Britain, but the summers have become warmer in recent years. . Bring plenty of warm clothes with you. In January the weather is bitterly . Be careful. he path down to the beach can be quite slippery in .. weather. Exceptionally weather over the past year has led to a shortage of water, My parents had two weeks of ............weather, but it rained all the time here. Scotland is a beautiful counery, but it has notoriously -- weather It can be pouring with rain one minute and brillant sunshine the next! 3. Noun + preposition + weather Match the two halves: |. A lot of us were caught out by the sudden change in weather les been an unusually long period of dry and settled weather. I think we got the best of the weather in the north today ‘We're hoping for 2 break in the weather. London certainly seems to have got the worst of the weather, with rain al day Few of us had bothered to bring an umbrella We won't be able to take the boat out if chis wind continues ‘We haven't had such a pleasant spell of weather for along time. anee Notes 1. Note these expressions: ‘After o good stare we ron ito some bad weather and had to travel mere slow ‘Well have your bithdoy party ausside, weather permicing (f the weather stable) He goes out joging in all wether. even when is raring snowing et) 2 The weather forecast isa statement of what the weather is Healy to be: The weather forecast sai would rain all day tomorrow. 2 ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediatetemperature and heat Verb+ temperature Adjective + temperature Verb + heat control the temperature the average temperature escape from the heat take somebody’. a constant temperature feel the heat the ..rises / increases high temperature generate heat the .. falls! drops freezing temperatures lose heat ‘temperatures reach 40°C withstand heat |. Verb + temperature Complete these sentences with the correct form ofthe above vers |. The temperature will drop sharply tonight. it is expected to ...........t0 minus 10 2. Tomorrow the temperature will steadily to 2 maximum of about 22°C. 3. When | was in hospital,a nurse . iy temperature every two hours. 4, In some areas temperatures ean ...........40°C in the summer. 5. You can ‘he temperature in this room by adjusting the thermostat on the radiators. 2. Adjective + temperature Complete these sentences with the above adjectives: |. vssseeessse temperatures have turned the lake into a skating rink 2. The art gallery's heating system maintains a............emperature to protect the paintings. 3, Make sure you heat the food to a ...........temperature to kill any harmful bacter'a. 4, Whats the ......-+.-.temperature in Calro in July? 3. Verb + heat Notes Complete the sentences below withthe correct form of the above verbs: 1. could .....+.2++-the heat of the sun on my back as I walked through the park. 2. Rubbing your hands together will..........-heat and keep them warm. 3. Houses +118 Tot of heat through their windows. 4. In summer, we leave the city for the seaside to from the oppressive heat. 5. The Space Shuttle uses special tiles to help it... ‘the extreme heat of re-entry into the Earth’s atmosphere. pm |. Note the following expressions with ‘temperature’ Red wine is best served ot rom temperature. Temperatures soared into the 40s. (hn hada it wok me afew days to get used to the change in tempore. 2. Note the adjectives we use to describe extreme heat: The bonfire gave outa fierce heat and | had to move avay. The freighters were driven back by the intense heat of the burning eae 3. Note the following ways of describing high temperatures: ‘Only tourists are sly enough to wonder about inthe heat ofthe day? 1 don't know how they manage t workin this het without “Oh, nurse | ust love it when ‘i cendioning. you take my temperature” Key Words for Fluency — Intermediate aair Verb + air Adjective + air Preposition + air need air cold air by air pollute the air fresh air into the air breathe air thin air through the air gasp for air polluted air on air UE alr into a tyre stale air sail alr I. Verb + air Complete the sentences below with the correct form of the above verbs: 1m going outside for a moment ~ I feel alittle sick. ...........Some air, ‘After two minutes under water, he came to the surface,..........for ai. ‘The quality of the air we i not as good as it was a hundred years ago. You should ‘some air into your tyres ~ they look flat to me. Smokers the air for other people, and that’s why | think smoking should be banned in public places such as restaurants and pubs. 2. Adjective + air 3. Preposition + air 2 Complete these sentences with the above odjectves: |. Tes stufy in here, We need some air, 50 let's open the windows. 2. We often go into the countryside to escape from the al of the city 3. At high altitudes itis dificult to breathe because of the air 4. The windows had been shut all week, so the air was rather .. 5. Nothing moved in the ........+--air-There wasn't a breath of wind. 6 Hele an icy blast of air against my legs when she opened the door. ‘Match the halves: “The delighted fans threw their hats high I 2. Love to watch birds fying 3. Our goods are sent all over Europe 4. This programme first went a. through the air, b. by air . on air 20 years ago. on radio or TV) 4. into the air, LL Note the following expressions: For a week afer the fre a the re tad oti ber fede “We ew ur ait the a” ‘She seems to have vanished int thin aI can’ find her anywhere The ar was thick wth smoke Amost everbody inthe bar wae smoking. 2. The expression “open ac’ means outside: The farmers market shld inthe open ar nthe town centre. ouside) Wie ate in an open-air restaurant / swam in an open-air ool! went to an eper-cir concert Key Words for Fivency ~ Intermediatelight Verb light Adjective + light Noun + of ¢ light Expressions with set light arcifcial ight fash of ight prepositions | need light poor light a glimmer of light up tothe light levin the light a brighe ight asource of ight by the light of Block out the light a soft ight in my ight light fades the fading light 1. Verb + light Complete the sentences with the correct form ofthe above verbs: 1. pulled the binds down to ‘out the light so I could watch television. 2. 1m afraid isa north-facing room, s0i€ doesnt... +++. much light. 3. Put the plant near a window. It a lot of ight 4. Lopened the Curtains £0 .......-..-in the light 5. The light was -.........0r 40 We had £0 stop playing. le was effcult to see the bal 2. Adjective + light Choose the correct collocation: 1. The light was so bright / sharp that | had to cover my eyes with my hands, 2. Modern farmers use both natural and artificial / unnatural light to grow tomatoes — especially in the winter. 3. The harsh light emiteed by fuorescent tubes hurts my eyes. much prefer the milder / softer light of alight bulb. 4. Reading in litle / poor light can strain your eyes, and could even damage them. 5. Ie was dificult to read the signposts in the disappearing / fading light. 3. Noun + of + light Complete the sentences with the above nouns: |. A tiny window was the only ........--.of light in the prison cell 2. We saw a ....+..+--0f light n the distance, and hoped it was our hotel. 3. A witness said there was a blinding ...........0f light, followed by an explosion, 4, Expressions with prepositions ‘Match the halves: 1. When I'm camping Hike to read a. up to the light to see iit was genuine. 2. Move to the side ~ youre in my light ». by the light of a candle. 3. The shop assistant held the bank note c. and I can't see what I'm doing. Note Note these expressions ‘When we lf the buldng we were momentarly binded ty the sunlight Ugh from the street lamps outside wos shining through 2 small opin the cuts. The igh reflecting off the surface ofthe water dazzled me, and | had to put on my sunglasses There’ light coming from under the door so somebody must be in. The ight woen't good enough to tae photographs. In the fating lt | coud just make out the gure of John in rant of me In summer, the days are very lng in Scandina, es ight al night nthe fr north, Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermedito coyI. Verb + fire fire Verb + fire Fire + verb Fire + noun starea fire 2 fire burns a fie alarm light a fire 2 fire goes out a fie il put outa fire 2 fire breaks out a fire escape cause a fre 2 ire destroys 2 fie extinguisher | fhe a fre 2 fie spreads a fire risk | catch fire | Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. The car fire inthe crash, but the driver managed to get out safely. 2, Police believe that the fire at the castle was. «by an electreal faut. 3. 50 firemen ...........the fire at the factory. Ie took 3 hours to « out. 4, les very cold in here. Shall | . 5. We are treating the fire as suspicious. We believe ie was deliberately. the fire? “Where the fire extinguisher?” 2. Fire + verb ‘Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. The cinema was .........--by fire. he whole building was completely gutced. 2 Fire ‘out during the night, but all the hotel guests managed to escape. 3. The fire swept through the museum, then rapidly co adjoining buildings. 4. When we arrived at the hotel, coal fire was brightly in the Freplace. 5, Remember to put some logs on the fire. Don't let the fire cout! 3. Fire + noun Notes 28 Complete the sentences with the above nouns: |. Smouldering cigarettes are dangerous and are a wellknown fire... 2. When you hear the fire ...........,make for the nearest exit, 3. We climbed out of the window and used the fire ...........t0 leave the building. 4 5. ‘The kitchen is on fire! Where's the fire --........? ‘We have regular fire ...........80 staff know how to leave the building safely. | Nowa hat ar fo detrb sombody who ws oc cag. was wee irs tio dri ating efor conc We aoa fo debe cong te inp or par ve nti eo i oof fin bt 2. Now hat we ak abut lr is olan res eve gt once fc nse on ihe he mich et Sarat Pr sa ri Th mu een ne open ay more nae rhe Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediatewater Verb + water Adjective + water Noun + of + water boil water fresh water a drop of water drink water mineral water a shortage of water pour water boiling water 2 supply of water spill water drinking water fill with water water flows float on water water drips splash with water ‘wade through water 1. Verb + water Complete the sentences with the correct form ofthe above verbs: 1. You'l get dehydrated quickly in this heat, ifyou don't .......... lots of water. 2. Make sure you ...........the water before adding the pasta to the pot. 3. laccidentally knocked the glass over and water all over my book. 4. Alter washing the dishes, he ......-.--the dirty water down the sink. 5. There's water. ‘onto the floor. There must be a leak ina pipe somewhere. 6 Ina central heating system, hot water from the boiler, through the pipes to the radiators. 2. Adjective + water Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: 2. While making tea he dropped a kettle of... 1. Bacteria in water is a major cause of disease in poor countries. ‘water and scalded his leg. 3. The water was dirty, so we drained the pond and filled it with water 4. Would you like some ......-....water? Stl or sparkling? 3, Verb + preposition + water ‘Complete the sentences with the above prepositions: 1. | thought the box would float water but it sank to the bottom of the pond. 2. The fisherman waded ‘the water to reach his boat 3. I splashed my face ........cold water in order to wake myself up. 4, Dilute the juice ........ plenty of water. 5. The policeman dived fully clothed the water to rescue the drowning boy. 6. He filed the basin ........hot water and washed himself with a cloth. 4, Noun + of + water ‘Match the two halves: |. Nuclear power stations are usually siuated near a. a shortage of drinking water. 2. We drank bottled water when there was b. a drop of water in my whisky. 3. Valways have . 2 good supply of water. Note these expressions Wter bois ata temperature of 100°C ad freezes ata temperature of O°C Wter gushed ou of the broken pipe and flooded the road Due tothe long spel of dry weather water supple are dangerously low, ey Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate anoise and silence Verb + noise Adjective + noise Adjective + silence make a noise an awul noise complete / total silence sleep through noise a deafening noise along silence shut out noise a funny noise a stunned silence can't stand the noise a piercing noise an awkward silence background noise ‘a squeaking noise I. Verb + noise Complete the sentences with the correct farm of the above verbs: |. Keep the noise down. I can't work when youre ..........-80 much noise, 2. I eried unsuccessfully to ...........0ut the noise of the roadworks outside my house. In the end, had to turn up my hi-fi to drown it out. 3. Veam’t....+...--the noise of a door banging. It drives me up the wal, 4. I just don't know how the baby manages to ........--. through all that noise. 2, Adjective + noise Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: 1. The engine's making a ..........-noise.| need to get the garage to look at it. ve got a feeling is going to cost me a lot of money! 2. The noise of the disco was | had a headache after an hour. 3. I can't make out what he's saying on the tape. There's too much noise. 4. One wheel on the trolley is making a horrible noise. It needs some oil 5. Will you stop that noise this instant! | can't hear myself think 6. The fire alarm gave out a noise which made me jump out of my skin, 3. Adjective + silence Notes 28 Choose the correct collocation |. After eight months 2 letter arrived from her daughter, ending her big / long silence. 2. I wasn't relaxed, so our conversation was full of awkward / awful silences. 3. When they told us we had won a million pounds in the prize draw, we just sat there in surprised I stunned silence. We just couldn't believe it 4, Uve been getting nuisance phone calls recent. Every time I answer the phone there is complete / ful silence. Nobody speaks, but | know someone is there. |. Note these expressions with ‘noise’ We had to shout above the noise ofthe traf to hear eoch other. les absolutly impossible to work wih allthis noise going on! {rm avery ight sleeper The sites noise wakes me up. Wee finding dfcut ro gt used to the coston nie of he taf 2. Note the kind of things we doin silence’ They dove home in silence (they di’ talk) If youre not happy, you should complain. Don jus sufi silence. 3. Its quite common nowadays to ‘observe a minute’ silence’ as 2 mark of respect after some terrible disaster Key Words for Fluency ~ IntermediateSection 4 Work job career staff and duty qualification and interview skill training wage, salary and pay “Miss Ramsbottom, m sure your dog was the best-behaved fn ts class four years cunning, but it’s your quaiffeatons I'm interested in!” key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate 30 31 32 33 & 36job Verb + job Adjective + job Noun + preposition + job |. apply fora job a challenging job the perks of the job | seta job a boring ob the pressures of the job hold down a job 2 rewarding job ‘qualifications for the job look for a job a responsible job Jose your job a stressful job 1. Verb + job ‘Complete the sentences withthe corect form ofthe above verbs 1 1. Max had beter be careful. he's late 2 for work again, he might ........---his job. j e 2. Wve been .....-.+s..f0r a job for 3 months, but | haven't had much success so far. en 3. We .-sssce--0-f0e a job with a company in Berlin. Tremaine Ci, \ 4. Brian let after only a week. He never manages & yi: yl 10 oo eeeeess down a job for long. ey 5. finaly a temporary job, washing dishes in a hotel, but it's only for a month ie compe port ut tS co) very stresfl jo.” 2. Adjective + job ‘Choose the correct collocation: |. I don't think doctors are paid enough for doing such a high / responsible job. 2. Pilots are well-paid, but i's a very stressful / nervous job. rather have my health 3. Helping sick people is very satisfying. For me, its a very rewarding / thankful job. 4. My job is so routine that | hate it Filing papers all day is such a boring / flat job. 5. The job isn't dificult / challenging enough for me ~ I want something more creative 3. Noun + preposition + job Notes 30 Complete the sentences with the above nouns: I. 1 got five free fights a year: Its one of the of the job. 2. Wall, there's no doube that you've got the right {or the job, but your lack of experience might count against you. 3. He resigned when he realised that the of the job were making hit il |. We talk about ullsime' and part-time’ jobs, "emporary’ and ‘permanent jobs: While sudying ot universiy | abe had a parttime jb no supermarket. ‘Nter years of temporary employment he landed a permanent job with « local newspaper. 2. Note the diffrent verbs that we use to describe jobs: What exacty des the job entai? Does tivo alot of paperwork? 3. Note the way we describe the qualies needed for a jb: Thi fb requires good mental skis ‘The jb demands good eyesight ond high eel of concentration, 4. Note these job + noun phrases Lats of people cre more interested in jb sotsfaction than in earning high solaris ‘Theres hardy any jb secur in acing. You are only employed for short pends of time, Key Words for Fluency — intermodiatecareer Verb + career Adjective + career Noun + preposition + career | begin a career a brillant career a change of career | choose a career a promising career 2 turning point in your career pursue a career a worthwhile career your choice of career | further your career the height / pinnacle of your career || wreck your career the greatest performance of your .. 1. Verb + career Complete the sentences withthe comet form ofthe above verbs: |. This scandal has his career as a politician. I's now in ruins. 2. He's the owner of a chain of hotels. but he ...........his career as a porter. 3. Getting more qualifications is probably the best way to . your career. 4. I think money is 2 big factor for most people when it comes £0 ...........a €areer. 5. | graduate from university soon and Im hoping to a career in business. 2. Adjective + career Complete the sentences below withthe above adjectives: [. She considers teaching a ........-.-€areer Ie is very satisfying to feel that you are helping people to develop. 2. He had a.......-...€areer in politics, becoming Prime Minster at the young age of 46. 3. He had a ........++.€areer ahead of him in football until a knee injury put him out of the game at the age of 21 3, Noun + preposition + career ‘Match the two hates She is now the managing director of the organisation ‘At 50 he fle like a change of career. Parents should advise and support their children in their choice of career. ‘Ava concert infront of 40,000 people, Moving to a new company marked a turning point in my career. vases Gabrielle gave the greatest performance of her career so far So he gave up his job as a lawyer and went into teaching. ''m much happier in my new job. However, its important that they don't try to influence their choice. ‘Ac the age of only thirty, she has reached the helght of her career Notes 1. Note the following career + verb collocations Her singing career took off afer her oppearance on the Chris Evans Show (become succesful) George Mackay ployed more thon 700 games na coreer spanning 20 years 2 Note these expressions: ‘Mot working women manage to succesfull combine family fe with 0 coeer. ‘She wons to get chead in er career. She's eager to climb the career ladder. 3. Nowe these two ways of saying the same thing Have you ever thought of teaching os a carer | a career in teaching? Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate 3tstaff and duty Verb + staff Noun + prep + staff Verb + duty ‘employ staf the dedication of the staff carry out your duties recruit cake on staff a member of staff fallin your duties train staff the turnover of staff report for duty lay off staff vacancies for staff be suspended from duty your duties include (casks) Verb + staff Choose the correct collecation: |, Because of falling orders, the company has been forced to decrease / lay off staf. ‘Ac least 50 will have to go. 2, All our sales staff are educated / trained to handle dificult customers. 3. Our embassy in Paris employs / uses around twenty full-time staf. 4. Uhear the bank is recruiting / starting staff at the moment. I believe they are taking ‘on about a hundred people. 2. Noun + preposition + staff Complete the sentences with the above nouns: |. There are always plenty of for staff in bars and hotels. 2. This project has been a great success, chanks to the ..........-of the staf. fd lke to thank you for all che hard work you've put into i 3. There isa high .......-..-Of staff in the catering trade. Most restaurants find it dificult to hold on to staff 4, The police suspect that a.........-.0f staff tipped off the thieves who stole the computers las night. 3. Verb + duty Notes 22 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. You should for duty at seven o'elock on Monday morning. 2. She isa hard-working employee who ... ut all her duties conscientiously. 3. The police officer has been ...........from duty until the claims of corruption against him have been investigated. 4. Your duties will ‘opening and answering the mail every morning. 5. The social worker is accused of ...........in her professional duties and she is facing dismissal asa result. |. Note these adjective collocation with staf ‘The compony has large warkforce of permanent and temporary staff ur hardworking and dedicated staff provide can excellent serce to our customers. We only have o skeleton sof over the Chrisumas period so service il be slower than usu 2. Note these expressions with uty What time are you on cy! off duty? (when do yu stort work {when do you fish work) Firefighters worked above and Beyond the cal of duty during the dose. Two pale offcers were led inthe line of duty (whe dong thei jo) Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediatequalification and interview Verb + qualification Verb + interview have a qualifcation be invited to an interview {get / obtain a qualification have an interview study for a qualification dread the interview ‘courses lead to a qualification prepare for the interview Adjective + qualification eld an interview an academic qualification Expressions with interview a further qualfcation ‘make a good impression at the interview a recognised qualification don't do yourself justice at the interview come across badly at the interview |. Verb + qualification Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 2 3 4 2. Adjective ‘The course 10 a professional qualifcation in business administration. Sadly, some children leave without single qualification, You'll never get a good job if you don't any qualifications for further qualifications is one way of getting promotion. + qualification Complete the sentences below with the above adjectives: For employers, practical experience is as important as. qualifications 2. You must have a university degree or a... qualification of equal status. 3 Some graduates go on to take ...........qualfcations ~ e.g.a master’s degree. 3. Verb + interview Complete these sentences withthe above verbs: hte. a lot of job interviews since | graduated, but not one job offer yet. 2 Candidates who are successful in the written test willbe ..........t0 an interview. 3. The best way t0 ..........fOr an interview isto find out al you can about the job 4. Incerviews willbe in London next week. 5.1m ry interview later today. 'm already a bundle of nerves. 4. Expressions with interview ‘Match the hoes |. He made a good impression at the interview. a. He never looked at them! 2. He came across very badly in the interview. b. They want to interview him again. 3. He didn’t do himself ustce inthe interview. —c. They offered him a job straightaway! Notes |, Note chat‘quaifiatlon’is often followed by ‘in She has quafcaions in mathemati and chemistry. 2. Note these expressions with interview: Intl interviews wil be conducted by telephone ‘They gove me a realy hord time ot he interview. My whole future riding on this interview. 1 Blew my chances of geting the jo by arring late for the iterview. ‘Key Words for Floncy ~ Intermediate askill Verb + skill Adjective + skill Noun + of + skill learn a skill basic skills use of your skills hhand down sls ‘communication skills test of your skis i | cose sks ‘computer skis degree of skill update your skills practical skils equip someone with skills social skills |. Verb + skill Choose the correct collocation: |. The aim of the examination is to investigate / test your problem-solving skills. 2. The company is looking for staff who are willing to learn / train new skills 3. This weekend refresher course is designed for staf wishing to lift / update their computer skills 4. These traditional skills have been given / handed down from generation to generation, 5. The introductory course aims to equip / educate students with good study skis 2. Adjective + skill Complete the sentences below withthe above adjectives: 1. In schools, all children are taughe the ........... ils of reading, writing and arithmetic. 2. At present, there is a shortage of people with skills like joinery and bricklaying. 3. To be an effective teacher, you must have good .........--skils 4, Nowadays, you need basic skills for most office jobs. 5. The job involves organising and attending receptions and conferences. Were looking for someone with good Skills ~ the sort of person who is equally at home talking to a duchess or a refuse collector. 3. Noun + of + skill Complete the sentences with the above nouns: |. Keeping control of the car on the ice was a real ........-.f my skill as a driver 2. Brain operations are complicated and the surgeon needs a high --of sl, 3. Nurses used to complain that they are given menial tasks to do, which made litle of their professional skills. Notes 1. Note the verbs we use to describe the shi needed to do something Ie takes great silt buld one ofthese tny machines. The job requires | demands | cals for great ski and an eye for deta 2. Note the following prepositional phrases: He performed the tos with great sil ‘She has excellent | no sks map easing 3. Note chese expressions The stff development programme provides oppertuntes for you to acquire new ski ‘A good manager equres o numberof high specled sil These evercies wil develop the students’ speoking and Istenng ski. 34 ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediatetraining 1. Verb + training Verb + training Adjective + training complete your traning basie traning provide train formal training receive training incensive training require training proper taining regular training ‘Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. We ........2:-ondine training and support in the use ofall our software packages. 2. Please note that operation of this equipment special training 3. All employees ofthis bank ...........specal training in dealing with armed robbers. 4. Although my sister has .......... her medical training, she has no intention of becoming a doctor, What a waste of time, effort and money! 2. Adjective + training Notes Complete the sentences below with the above adjectives: |. All new recruits undergo six weeks’ .........tralning at the army camp. 2. No one must operate this machine without ‘raining. 3. His paintings sell for thousands of pounds, but he’ had no raining as an artist. He's completely self-taught. 4. As technology changes so quickly these days, itis essential that all employees. receive... training. 5, Last year I took a course in learning how to fly,and after a period of three months’ training, | qualified asa pilot 7H never forget my basic traning!” |. Note the prepotitions that follow ‘traning We received training in several diferent teaching methods. Well need t provide traning forthe new members of ff 2. Note that ‘in-service traning’ straining that you do while you have ajo. The college runs ¢ numberof academic courses and ako provides inservice winng fr secretaries, chefs and mechanis, 3, Note thete noun expressions: All our adore hove completed o comprehensive twining programme Training sezsions wil beheld on Mondays at Sar {have to goon o training course to learn new sles techniques The shop open late on Mond for sof traning ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Itormodiatewage, salary and pay wining reject a pay offer ‘axis deducted from your aqalify for sick pay | pay: the money you get for doing your job, paid as a weekly wage or as a salary ‘wage: usually paid weekly — the pay of manual workers salary: usually paid monthly ~ the pay of non-manual workers I. Verb + wage / salary Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. She a good salary, but nothing compared to what her boss gets. 2. Most of my wages ‘on the rent and bills. 3. He lost his job so they have to ..........-0n one wage now. 4. In the UK, tax is automatically ...........from your salary 5, Angry teachers are ......+.+«higher salaries and better conditions. 2. Wage or salary? Choose woge or salary |. The government plans to raise the minimum wage / salary from £4.50 to £5 per hour. 2, He was offered a six figure wage / salary to move to a rival company. 3. The owner of the restaurant only pays the walters a weekly wage / salary of £90. 4, He earns a good wage / salary as a doctor, but not as much as a consultant gets. 5, My wage / salary goes directy into the bank on the last Wednesday of each month. 6. The basic wage / salary is low, 0 I'll have to do overtime to make enough money. 3. Common expressions with pay Notes 26 Only pay is possible in these sentences. Match the halves: |. Nurses have been awarded 2. 25% pay cut 2. Asa temporary employee I don't qualify for b. equal pay for the same work. 3. Men and women should receive 2 5% pay rise, 4. The unions have rejected sick pay. 5. Women employees get 18 weeks’ maternity leave. the latest pay offer, 6. In order to save the company, the staff accepted _f. on full pay. |. Note the expression ‘on my wage / salary / pay’ How can they possibly support thei familes on such alow woge/ salary? 1 can't offrd to ran a car on my wage ! salary! pay 2. Note the following expressions: ‘She asked fr an advance on her soar so tht she could poy her medica il (et paid ear) ‘There are two wage eames in our fay so we ve quite comfertaby. Whats the poy ! Slory fke? What are the wages ke? 3. A ving wages one which provides enough for your basic needs Teaching no lnger pays a ving wage and Ihave to give Private lessons to get by. Key Words for Fluency — IntermediateSection 5 Travel trip holiday flight delay and destination passenger passport and visa luggage and fare “Traveling ght!” ey Words for Fluency — Intermediatetrip 1. Verb + trip Verb + trip Adjective + trip Noun + of + erip | ford a trip a free trip the highlight of the trip cancel a trip a good trip the length of the trip goon a trip a long trip a souvenir of the wip plan a trip 2 round trip the cost ofthe trip make a trip 2 trip abroad / overseas ruin a trip Complete the sentences with the correct form ofthe above verbs |. You need your parents’ permission if you wane to on the schoo! trip 2 A friend is going to lend me the money. Otherwise, | couldnt the ep. 3. Unfortunately the trips been called of twas «+. v+.++-+-due 0 lack of interest. 4, Ive vevvvvsssnathe same trip by car so often, could doit wth my eyes shut. 5. Our camping trip was .......... No,it was a disaster from start to finish. 4. | have to go to Oxford and back. Its about a 60-mile ‘rip. 5. I'm planning my first trip I'm off to Greece in the summer. 3. Noun + of + trip Notes 38 Complete the sentences withthe above noun phrases: 1. The of our trip to India was the visit to the Taj Mahal. 2. The full of the trip, including insurance, will be around £600. 3. Ihave a piece of volcanic rock as a ‘of my trip to Mount Vesuvius. 4. 'm not very happy with the ‘of the trp. think two weeks is long enough! 1. Note the ep + verb collocatons: The trip cost £1,200 ond inated four fights tos included an overnight tay in Singapore. 2. We name trips according to how we travel: Its only @ 30-minute bus tp. Do you faney gong on a boat trip thi ofternoon? (oF according t the purpose of che wip: «afin! camping ! shopping / sightseeing! business tip. 3A day eps when you go somewhere and come back onthe same day. ‘Averip of a lifetime's the kind of trip most of us can only dream about 4. Note these expressions: Thanks for posing that eter for me ~ it saved me a wp. 1 could have spared myself an unnecessary trip by phoning to see ifthe Rbrary wos open. 5. Note that‘trip’ refers to traveling somewhere, staying there and traveling back. whereas ‘Journey’ refers ony to traveling in one direction ‘key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediateholiday Verb + holiday Adjective + holiday Holiday + noun book 2 holiday 1 package holiday a holiday brochure cancel your holiday «a public holiday a holiday job enjoy your holiday a relaxing holiday a holiday resort spend a holiday a paid holiday a holiday weekend take a holiday 1 dream holiday ruin your holiday I. Verb + holiday Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: LL They always their summer holidays in the Canary Islands 2 Our holiday was by bad weather trained nearly every day. 3. The boss works all the time. He never, a holiday. 4. Wel, your holiday. hope you have a great time 5. Hdon'....+.+++ my holiday till the ast minute, in the hope of getting a bargain. 6. Always take out holiday insurance in case you have to wilt 2. Adjective + holiday 3. Holiday Notes Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: |. All permanent staff are entited to four weeks’ holiday each year. 2. Uspent a........-sholiday on the beach, reading and sunbathing. 3. A cruise round the world on a luxury liner would be my .........--holiday. 4. The Ist of May is now a .....+.+..-holiday in many countries. 5. We went on a cheap holiday to Majorca, + noun “g° ‘Match the two halves: took a holiday job es a holiday weekend, Rimini is a popular holiday resort We plan our summer holidays in December fon the Adriatic coast. >. $0 the roads will be crowded with holiday trafic. by looking through all the holiday brochures. 1 as a waiter when | was a student “tee only @ hoy ob” aoge see |. Note the mulword verbs inthe following sencences 1m afd Me Sith ' away on holiday url the end ofthe week. Can I help you? (ur holiday fell though a the lst minute because the travel company went bankrupt. Give me ating when you get back fom haldoy. We had to cut short our hlday Because Richard became i 2. Note that we name holidays according to when we hive chem: the Christmas / summer hakdys and ecordng te the ap thoy in! ig wai oh. 3. A'bank holly! s when shops, businesses, and banks are cloted. (US Engl: rational holiday) Key Words fr Fluency ~ Intermediate 39flight Verb + flight Adjective + flight Noun + prep + flight catch a fight a bumpy fight arrival of the flight miss a fight 2 connecting fight Cancellation of the fight flights are called a direct fight the duration of the fight | flights are delayed a long-haul fight final | last call for the fight fights are diverted a scheduled flight fon standby for 2 fight flights are cancelled 2 smooth fight fights get into airports ashore fight 1. Verb + flight ‘Complete the sentences withthe correct form of the above verbs: |. We checked out of our hotel at 6am in order to ..........-the early flight to Paris. 2. When your flight is «please make your way to the departure lounge. 3. The fight leaves from Rome at 2pm and ........-..into Boston at éprn local time, 4. Unfortunately, our fight to Minorea was We took off 4 hours late 5. Geea move ont We need to hurry or we'll ‘our fight. 6. All fights from Newcastle have been due to heavy snow. Meanwhile all Newcastle-bound fights are being to Edinburgh. 2. Adjective + flight Choose the correct collocation: |, Te never been on a long-haul / long-distance fight before. I've only flown in Europe. 2, There's no direct / straight fight to Geneva, but you can fly to Luton and catch 2 joining / connecting fight from there. 3. Ie’ only a small / short flight from London to Paris. 4. Charter flights are generally much cheaper than scheduled / timetabled fights. 5. There was a lot of turbulence, so we had a pretty bumpy / shaky fight. It wasn’t quite as level / smooth as we had expected. 3. Noun + preposition + flight Notes 40 Complete the sentences with the above nouns: LL This is the final ..........for fight EJI21 to Geneva. Passengers are requested not to smoke for the ..........of the fight. Air France apologises for the lace of this fight He was put on ......+...for the fight to New York because it was fully-booked. British Airways regret to announce the ..........f fight BAQ33 to London, |. ‘Domestic ighs' are within a country international fights’ are between countries: The numberof international gts hos increased dramaticay in recent yeas There sno night ertertinment on our domes fights. 2. Note these expressions: The Austin airne, Qantas, operctes regu fights tothe For East. Brtiah Aways offers nonstop flights frm London to Singopore ‘Many people suffer from jeclog oer long fights Fight T232 wo Cate i now boarding ot Gte 15. Key Words for Fluency ~ intormodiatodelay and destination Verb +delay Noun + prep + delay Adjective + destination | apologise fora delay apologies forthe delay an exotic destination | | oid a dely a series of delays your intended destination expecta delay aly for the delay 2 new destination cause delays the reason fr the delay 2 popular destination face delays the top destination |. Verb + delay Complete the sentences wth the correct form ofthe above verbs: |. Roadworks are causing heavy congestion in the city centre, so long delays can be 2. Air passengers long delays this weekend due to the strike by air trafic controllers. 3. We... for the delay in getting your luggage to you, and for any inconvenience this may have caused, 4, The accident has «. some delays in a, train services in and out of York 3. eee ce int delys Zk, 2. Noun + preposition + delay a5 ¢| 4 Cpe oerennarwnnectoerons CIS Wa }Y) |. What's the . for the delay? We've been standing here for over 3 hours. 2. We would like to offer our for ZZ “1Bhoursis not the slight delay co your fight today. sige dele 3. Aer a cof delays, we finally reached our hotel two days late. 4, The airline accepts no ......----ofor delays caused by bad weather: 3. Adjective + destination Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: |. Spain is stil the most .........-holiday destination for the British 2 At customs, you'll be asked your ...........destination and how long you plan to stay 3. Machu Pichu isthe . tourist destination in Peru. 4. Virgin Airlines are adding ........... destinations to their world-wide network. 5, Effight.com offer tickets to ...........destinations like Bali at great prices. Notes I. Note the verbs in ths sentence: ‘According tothe programme, we should reach I arive ot! get 0 our destination about midday. 2. Note the fllowing expressions with ‘delay My tan should ge imo eight clock, there are no unexpected elas Ie shoud take me abou an hour to get there, allwing for tafe delays Fighs are subject to delay because of bad weather Unnecessary delays are caused by pastengers not appearing when ther fights are called, Key Words for Fluency — Intermediate “passenger Passenger + verb Adjective + passenger Common expressions passengers travel ‘an angry passenger Passengers are: passengers board (planes) a drunken passenger required to passengers can be stranded a business class passenger asked to passengers can be killed nervous passenger requested to passengers proceed to _a terrified passenger reminded that gates I. Passenger + verb ‘Complete the sentences withthe correct form ofthe above verbs |. Flight LK 03 is now boarding Will passengers please ......-...-t0 gate 34 2. Passengers ...........the ferry at Jam and disembark at Zeebrugge at Spm. 3. Many passengers fying into London are .........0n to other destinations 4. The driver and all four passengers were outright in the accident. 5. Thousands of passengers were ..........-at Ory Airport last night following a lightning strike by air traffic controllers. 2. Adjective + passenger Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: |. An .....+.. passenger demanded to know why his flight had been overbooked. 2. The cabin crew smile frequent to reassure passengers that all is well 3 passengers held onto their seats as the plane hit some severe turbulence. 4. Economy class passengers are packed in like sardines at the back of the plane, while the passengers at the front have fully reclining seats and lots of legroom. 5. The cabin crew are trained to restrain passengers who become violent. 3. Common expressions Notes 2 ‘Match the two halves: 1, Passengers are reminded that 2. Due to increased security measures, passengers are asked to 3. Once the plane has landed, passengers are requested to 4, To avoid delays, passengers are required to arrive at least two hours before their flight. remain seated until the plane has come to a complete standstil. smoking is not permitted on this aircraft at any time. show their boarding passes as they enter the plane. |. Note the verbs we use to describe taking passengers somewhere The ship cares both freight ond passengers between Hong Kong and Singapore The highspeed ral nk tonsperts er passengers tothe cty cert in just 20 minutes, Pesengers wee fered tothe slnd in smal boas. 2. Note the verbs we use with taxis and buses: The taxi pcked up a passenger outside the hotel and dropped him (off) atthe azpore The but stopped to let o passenger off Pessengers must not get 00 or off he bus while iis moving. Koy Words for Fluency ~ intormodiatopassport and visa ‘Verb + passport Adjective + passport Verb + visa renew your passport a forged passport apply for a visa show your passport anew passport extend your visa surrender your passport a valid passport need a visa stamp a passport obtain a visa steal a passport overstay your visa ‘a passport expires refuse somebody a visa a visa can expire 1. Verb + passport Complete the sentences withthe correct form ofthe above verbs 1 2 3 4 s My passport ‘this month. have to Ie before my holiday. You don't have to ‘your passport at the border: We'e all in the EU. If your passport is lost or vinform your embassy immediately He had t0 .....+...--his passport to the police to prevent him leaving the country The immigration official ...........my passport and handed it back to me. 2. Adjective + passport Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: 1 2 3 ‘Travellers are reminded chat for a holiday abroad they need a passport, need t0 get a......+-++.passport — my old one’s expired During the raid on the house, the police found drugs and ........++. passports. 3. Verb + visa ‘Match the two halves: Notes 1 2 3 4 5. 6 1. because my visa expires then. {need to stay longer in the UK to finish my seudies ‘There are long delays in obtaining visas to the region, have to leave the country by the end of June If you overstay your visa, you will be deported. He was refused an entry visa to the US You don't need a visa because of his criminal record s0 apply early to Visit Japan for a stay of under six months. so | will need to extend my visa You should make arrangements to have your “1 overstayed my vis, so they deported me.They were really visa renewed before ie runs out. ie about it!” [Note the following passport + noun collocatons: You wil need to provide a passport photo for your membership cord What a nightmare! took ur nearly two hours to get trough passport contro Note these expressions with visa entered the country ona tours visa! on a study vs. eis vad for sx months You won't be alowed to enter Tibet without a vsa, Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate aluggage and fare Verb + luggage ‘Adjective + fare Expressions with fares | maprignge ——thacacrire faerie! merase feo fare yoortppge a farere tp those up | | ove your eee ile fares are ct reduced! | | weigh your luggage half-fare slashed toon npes aren re search hen | 1. Verb + luggage Caples the sentences wth he comet fom ofthe above ver 1 Pease yourhand gage ad mak sure its not more ha kg 2. They wore fvaus when they learned thatthe aie fad r= tho ERS 3. erty machines are wed a alpors to -r--ugag for weapon and bombs 4 Thing ten go misig-t0 we avon recone Yous YOU MAES 5. When fying mae sure yours -your pgs youre © Acustico log rus 2. Adjective + fare Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: 1. You'll have to pay the ...........fare. There’ no concessionary fare for students. 2. The .....+++---fare depends on when you are coming back. 3. There's a fare of £1 on all buses. You can go anywhere for chat price, 4 5. Children travel... con all our trains. Please have the fare ready when you enter the bus. No change is given. 3. Expressions with fares ‘Match the hoes: |. Starting next month, taxi fares a, by a massive 50%. 2. Bus fares are to rise by an average of 10 per cent _b. willbe going up. 3. Allot more people would use public transport. because of increased fuel costs. 4, Air fares to the US have been slashed 4. shot up by 30% in the last year. 5. Due to increased running costs train fares have e. if fares were cut. Notes 1, Note these expressions: Pico do nt love your hggoge unattended nly oe piece of and lggoge maybe taken om the arf [Athan gage mst be stoned under te sean fot orn the othe lockers. 2. We uee"baggge’ rather than Tugage’ i hese expressions You have t oy era f you exceed your bggogealowance. Excess boggoge scorged othe rt of £20 pr lo. fogeoe rela the place ton apart where you calect our gore ofr ih. 2. Note these verb + fre colocatins: 1 sve on fares by waking to wrk That rector ore necest0ry order ot people ying to dodge fre 44 ey Words for Fluency — IntermodlatoSection 6 Traffic traffic street route and map accident injury “Oh, were you the one who gave me a porking tcket Tost week? Pn terribly sory | did't reakse!” ‘Key Words for Fiyency ~ Intermodiate 46 47 48 49 50traffic | Verb + traffic Noun + prep + traffic Traffic + noun direct traffic a break in the traffic traffic congestion divert eraffc a build-up of trafic traffic accident hold up traffic the noise of traffic a traffic jam reduce traffic a queue of traffic a traffic warden ‘raffle builds up the volume of trafic traffic thins out |. Verb + traffic Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. Trafle will be ..........-through side streets while the road is being resurfaced, 2. Traffic on the motorway was ...........up for three hours by a serious accident. 3. A policeman with white gloves was traffic from the middle of the road. 4. The town council is examining ways of traffic in the city. One extreme proposal is to close the city centre to all trafic except buses and taxis 5. The usual pattern on weekdays is that trafic...........Up during the late afternoon and begins to out after 7pm. 2. Noun + preposition + traffic Complete the sentences with the above nouns: LL The roads are quiet now. but there isa steady ...........of trafic in the evening. 2. We waited ages for a............in the traffic so that we could cross the road, 3. We need new motorways to cope with the increased of traffie on our roads. 4, There was a long ........-+-0f trafic waiting to turn right at the lights. 5. Our house is on a main road, so we are always aware of che constant of wraffc. 3. Traffic + noun Notes ‘Match the two halves: |. Twenty people died 2. There are plans to relieve 3. When I got back to my car 4. Twas stuck in «a wraffic warden was putting a ticket on it. a traffic jam for over an hour yesterday. In trafic accidents in the first month of this year. traffic congestion in the city centre, LL Note these adjective collocations: For your own softy, aways walk facing oncoming tfc on country roads. you leove before 4pm, you should manage to avoid the rh hour tof We've had an awful journey ~ there was heavy trafic al the way. The off was quite ight 50 we got though Leeds quicker thon we expected 2. Note these expressions: The haiday trafic heoding fer th coast hs ground toa hal on the M4, Police are reporting tailback of upto ten miles, 3. Note these other types of trafic ‘i ofc has increased 50% in the last fe years Rol tfc wos severely csropted by lost nights heavy snowstorms. ‘Koy Words for Fluency — Intermediatestreet Verb + street Adjective + street Common expressions clean up the streets a crowded street begin the street patrol the streets a deserted street __ live n the same street wander through the streets the High Street come up to you in the street cross over the street ‘one-way street stop someone in the street 0 down the street aside street bbump into her in the street parade through the streets |. Verb + street Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: Thousands of tourists through the streets of Rome every day . I's a very secure area because the police the streets night and day. Well hve to «. over to the other side of the street to get to the market. Thousands of soldiers .. ‘through the streets to celebrate the end of the war. down the High Street and turn left. The post office is on your let. ‘The local council has launched a campaign to ..........-up the city’s streets. 2. Adjective + street Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: |. My brother was fined for driving the wrong way down 3 street 2. At 3 in the morning the streets were .........+. There wasn't a soul to be seen. 3. Boots is a big company. There's a branch of the store in every .......... Street 4. Abomb went off in a street, killing 20 people and injuring many more. 5. We lefe the busy main street and found a quiet bar in one of the.......+... streets 3. Common expressions Notes ‘Match the halves: |. He was reduced to begging in the street ). Strangers come up co us in the street and . | stopped someone in the street ‘We work in the same area AS kids, we used to live in to ask for directions >. in order to get something to eat. a . say how much they enjoy our television show. the same street. 0 we often bump into each other in the street. “He was reduced to begging in the stret!™ 1. Note these expressions In surnmer the streets of Brighton ore filed with tours. ‘Many ofthe streets ore ed with tl ees. 2. We use the verb ‘roam’ if we wane to suggest somebody is looking for eroubl ‘ter the match gang of footal heclgons roamed the streets loking fora fight. 3. The High Street'is the main shopping stroot inthe cantre ofa town, key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate a7route and map Adjective + route Verb + map an alternative route bring a map mark the route a direct route raw a map plan a route an escape route read a map people line a route popular route study a map a roundabout route maps show things a scenic route |. Verb + route Complete the sentences wth the correct form of the above verbs: |. Ie’ always a good idea to ...........your route before you leave. 2. Here, take this map. ve .....-....-the shortest route to the college in red. 3. Ud... -..2+1. the longer route via the bypass — i'l be quicker in the long run. 4. Crowds of well-wishers the route, waving flags as the Queen passed. 2. Adjective + route Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: |. We had plenty of time, so we took the ..........-route through the mountains and enjoyed the magnificent views. | don't know why it took us so long. | must have taken a really route Motorists are advised to find an . route during repairs to the bridge. Make sure you are aware of all the possible .. routes from the plane. 3. The coastal path between Dover and Hastings is 2 route for walkers There's some amazing wildlife. ‘The most... route from the house to the stadium is through the town centre. Ics shorter, but it isn't any quicker. 3. Verb + map Notes 8 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: Look! | can't ‘the map and drive at the same time! All members receive a detailed map all the major tourist attractions. Francis ‘a map on how to get to her house on the back of an envelope. ‘We forgot to “a map of the area, but ic doesn’t matter as | know the way. We the map carefully to see if we had enough time to reach the next hostel before it got dark. |. Note these expressions with route’ ve on a busy bus route 50 can get to work more quik ‘Accommodation won't be a problem. There are plenty of B&BS olong the route / en route We traveled by motorway to the match, but we returned home by o diferent route. 2 Note these expressions with ‘map’ Con you show me where you ive on this mop? The guide pointed out te Bes beaches onthe map. Ie noc on the mop! [Never go waking In these his without © map and compass ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediateaccident Verb + accident Adjective + accident Noun + of + accident avoid an accident. a freak accident. the cause of the accident cause an accident a fatal accident in the event of an accident have an accident ‘a minor accident the scene of the accident reduce accidents a serious accident a series of accidenes | witness an accident a tragic accident accidents happen |. Verb + accident ‘Complete the sentences withthe correct form of the above verbs: |. This accident could have been .... If safety procedures had been followed 2. The campaign against drinking and driving has road accidents by 20%, 3. The police would like to hear from anyone who the accident. 4, Ive been driving for 30 years and I've never fan accident of any kind. 5. le was the kind of accident that could have ..........-t0 almost anyone. 6. les hard to say what the accident, but police think the driver fell asleep. 2. Adjective + accident ‘Match the two halves: |. There was only a million and one chance of this happening 9. Make sure you always check for head injuries, 3. Ifyou hadn't acted so quickly, ‘The boy drowned when he fell through the ice. ‘Three motorists died Te was such a tragic accident. even if its only a minor accident le was a freak accident. ina fatal accident late lastnight there could have been a serious accident. 3. Noun + of + accident "Twas breathalsed ot the Notes Complete the sentences with the above nouns: eee ceeae |. After two months experts are stil trying to establish the ...........of the accident. 2. In the ...........0F an accident, call this number ~ 01122 54637770. 3. After a.......+++.0f aceidents in the fog. the police warned drivers to slow down. 4, Both drivers were breathalysed at the .. of the accident. 1. Note these expressions: Coreles / recles drving wos to blame forthe acddent. I waked amey fom the acide without scratch eas an eciden wating t happen. (Uke to heppen) This junction a notorious accident back spot. 2 tof acldens have happened here) 2. Note the verbs we use to describe the effects of an accident Remarkably na one was seriously hurtin the accident. Twenty people died and over @ hundred were injured inthe accident ‘The accident left him paraheed frm the wat down I scared fo He !parbally bind ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intormodiate 491. Verb + injury Noun + of + injury ‘Common expressions | prevent injury the pain of an injury because of injury | eause an injury reports of injuries due to / owing to injury 1D suffer an injury the risk of injury ‘through injury recover from an injury a series of injuries as a result of injury be treated for injuries the full extent of the following injury ‘escape with only minor | injuries Complete the sentences withthe correct form of the above verbs 1. The people nearest the explosion horrific injuries from fying glas. 2. Always wear protective footwear on the site to .........- injuries to your feet. 3. Survivors of the plane crash were for injuries at local hospitals. 4. Arman died in the accident, but I was lucky to ‘with only minor injures, 5. His appalling injuries had been ...........by a blunt instrument such as a hammer. 6. She has now filly ..........ffom the horrendous injuries she received to her hands land hopes to return to her work as a secretary soon, 2. Noun + of + injury Complete the sentences withthe above nouns Unfortunately he’ had a of injuries since he joined the team. “The bomb exploded outside café, but there are no Cyclists are advised to wear helmets to reduce the of head injury Morphine is used by doctors to deaden the ..........-Of serious injuries. The ambulance is on its way to the hospital: We don't know the fll of the casuals injuries yet. but we don't believe they are life-threatening of serious injuries. 3. Common expressions: Note 50 ‘Match the halves: |. He had to give up his football career 2. The driver of the car died asa result of the injures she received, may never fight again following his injury. 3. The British boxer Ali Ahmed at che last minute chrough injury. 4. Henman won' be playing because of a crippling ankle injury 5. He had to pull out of the tournament —_¢. in today’s match due to a shoulder injury. [Now go through the exercises and notes, and find adjectives that describe serious injury b 4 1 Divs Bove 4 5 ‘and one adjective foram injury which in' serious: 6 Note the folowing expressions Don't try tif these books by youre You do yours an injury. There ste doubt tht a seat bolt would have prevented his injures ‘The murder vim had ied from mutiple nui and stob wounds A postmortem examination revealed that he had suffered vere internal nurs. Key Words for Fuency ~ IntermediateSection 7 Education education 52 course 53 lesson 54 practice and homework 55 exam and mark 56 "Can you explain, Smithers, how it is possible to gt no marks zero, nothing, zich ~ in your biology excmination? ‘That's quite an achievement!” Key Words fr Fluency —Intormediato steducation Verb + education Adjective + education Noun + preposition + getan education 1 good education education give you an education —_—_—higher education access to education invest in education nursery education ‘the aim of education return to education private education standard of education ay for your education religious education the right to education secondary education sex education I. Verb + education ‘Complete the sentences withthe correct form of the above verbs: 2. Adjective + education |. My parents ........+-.me the best education that money could buy. 2, Parents must make sure that their children ...........8 proper education, 3. A growing number of adults are ..........-t0 full-time education, ‘4. We put some money aside every month to for our daughter's education. 5, The Prime Minister said that his government will continue to in education. ‘An extra £100 milion will be spent next year on school buildings. Complete the sentences below with the above adjectives: |. There will be free .......-... education forall three-year-olds within five years. 2. Some people think that . education is unfair and that we should all have the same educational opportunities, 3. The number of students in ..........-education has doubled in the lat 10 years The government is now thinking of building several new universities. 4. Vm against education in schools. | think it should be done at home. 5. In the UK, most young people receive education in primary school. They learn the facts of life early. 6. Like most parents | just want my children to have a .........-- education. 7. The government wanes to make ........--. education compulsory up to the age of 18. 3. Noun + preposition + education Complete the sentences with the above nouns: Notes 52 |. The cuts in funding will have an effect on the . By law all children in the country have the ........+++t0 a free education, of education in schools. ‘One «...++..+++0f education must be co teach children to think for themselves +10 higher education has improved, with more students now at university In the UK a public school is a private or fe-paying school. Government schools, where ‘education ir free, are called ‘state’ schools. Education fe compulsory in the UK between the ages of Sand 16. “Further education’ is for adults who have lft schook The classes are usually ata college and not ata universigy. Special education’ is provided for children who have physial problems or learning diffcutes. Note these expressions The new government has announced is educaton poly | an increase in spending on education Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediatecourse Verb + course Adjective + course Noun + prep + course doa course a crash course completion of a course complete a course a demanding course a guide to a course drop out of a course fan introductory course a place on a course schools run courses an online course the entry requirements for ‘courses consist of (lectures). vocational course a course courses deal with (subjects) |. Verb + course Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: This language school s+. English courses for complete beginners ‘Older people are returning to schoo! to . ‘courses in using computers. IfyOu ........+-the course successfully, you will be awarded a certificate. ‘The course .....----.-with the fundamentals of car maintenance. les a dffcule course. 50% of the students usually ..........-out within 3 weeks. ‘The course ..........-OF a series of lectures with a written exam at the end. 2. Adjective + course Choose the correct collocation: |. le was a very tough and heavy / demanding course, but we managed to complete it. 2. I'm going to Japan to work soon, so I'm taking a crash / fast course in Japanese. 3. | studied are, But most of my friends did vacation / vocational courses, lke nursing. 4. The college runs on-ine / internet courses where a lot of the teaching is done through the internet and e-mail. 5. The introductory / primary course is for those people who have no knowledge or experience of teaching. 3. Noun + preposition + course Notes Complete the sentences with the above nouns: |. Make sure you full the entry .......+.+.for the course before you send off che application form. 2. Lhave a conditional offer of a .........+.00 a nursing course. | have to pass all my ‘exams this year to be accepted on the course. 3. Our website provides a comprehensive .. 10 courses at UK universities 4, Students are given a certificate on successful ..........-of the course. 1. Note the verbs we ute to describe taking 2 course: ‘Atta of 48 students enraled for /sgned up forthe course in phtoerpty 2, Note the verbs we use to describe the aims of a course: This coureef designed to ge students o grounding in cor maintenance This couree prepares gradiates for careers inthe tours indus. 2. "‘Undergraduate’and postgraduate courses are taken at univers 1m doing a three-year undergraduate couse in computing at Leeds University 4. (A‘crah course’ teaches you alot about a particular subject ina short period of time. 5. Note this expression 1 wos fered 1 withdraw fom the course ue tithes 5 Key Words for Fusncy ~ intermedialesson Verb + lesson Preposition + lesson Noun + of + lesson fave lessons Aon about something the ana of te mson | | aoe Aeston with someone "the pon ofa eon | prepare leon daring lesion the fear ofthe feeson begin! wareateson ina Dine eason the man points ofthe sre lesons leon | Ssh your leone 1. Verb + lesson Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: Teachers’ salaries are very low,so I'm private lessons at weekends. The teacher is terrible. | don't think he ..........-his lessons carefully enough. | got into trouble when my father found out that | had been «lessons. My English teacher always ..........-his lessons with a warm-up exercise. 5. My brother is decermined to be an actor so he's lessons in drama, 3. I was off school for 5 weeks, so have quite a few lessons €0..--...-++.Up With 2. Preposition + lesson Complete te flowing sentences with the oboveprepesvons: 1. We've got a lesson ..........Mr Humphreys this afternoon, 2. You can't expect to learn everything about computing ..........2 one-hour lesson. 3, The lesson was ..........the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. 4, No talking is allowed ...........the lesson, 3. Lesson or class Put a line through a word if is not possible and try to think ofa reason why i isn't: |. I'm having driving classes / lessons from my uncle. 2. The school runs evening lessons / classes throughout the year 3. I think Jack is going to need some private classes / lessons if hes going to have any chance of passing A level maths! 4. The teacher dismissed the lesson / class early because she had a meeting, 4, Noun + of + lesson Notes ‘Match the halves: |. The teacher started by going over the main 2. the point ofthis lesson! 2. just don't see b. at the stare of the lesson. 3. Ie always takes the students a while to settle down _c. to get the students talking. 4. The main aim of my lesson was 4. points of yesterday's lesson, 1. Note these expressions: ‘Wi spent the whole lesson copying from the blackboard! loking out ofthe window. | hope these lessons wil mprove my pronunciation J my communication sil 2. you are very angry with someone, the folowing expression can be useful 1m going to teach him a lesan! Somebody needs to teach Dave a lesson in how tobe pote to customers! Key Words for Flusncy ~ Intermediatepractice and homework Verb + practice Expressions with practice Verb + homework need practice Ie cakes (years) of practic. ive homework have practice be out of practice get some homework improve with practice It’ just a question of practice. do your homework learn through practice Practice makes perfect. correct homework ‘come with practice hhand in your homework | aie you practice help you with your 1. Verb + practice Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: cae eee ee eee ane at raat reper i a ese a cays asses are ae Bis aise cacnas Heese cscs neg uaieaee 4 Dont wcmn tour gc wil th pase Sle ri be nrc et Par tee het See we sae ease ate nace 2. Expressions with practice aay Mache hes . eer egg Ee 2 ey ate ay Ronde et alpacas wish 4. you want to learn ply the plano S7\ ‘a. Driving’ just a question of practice, b. itl take years of practice «Speak as much as you can. Practice makes perfect. 4. but Ima bie out of practice. : . 3. Verb + homework Tes usta queston of procice, Wogan” Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. You can’t watch TV until youve ........--.all your homework. 2. He never manages to ......++--»ih his homework on time. 3. You more homework at secondary school than at primary school. 4, The English teacher ...........the whole class extra homework for misbehaving. 5. My brother used to ...........me with my homework, but he's gone to university. 6, Our teacher ‘our homework during the lunch hour, then gave it back to us. t Notes Note these expressions {rm afraid he con't come out ust now Hes busy with his homework Wi do you aways leave your homework tthe very lst moment? 2. Aan assignment isan individual place of work that a student has to do: | stayed up lat let right to complete a clas assignment Thi fo realy tough assignment. 3. We can use assignment and plece of work’ in these sentences Do you actualy fo the couse iyeu don't hand in apiece of work? Tee had on for every assignment Ive done ths year Key Words for Fluency ~ Intormealate 55exam and mark ‘Yerb + exam Verb + mark revise for an exam get a mark sitan exam lose marks mark an exam give a mark pass/fail an exam deduct marks scrape through an exam Adjective + mark Expressions with exam your final mark. make a mess of an exam full marks pass an exam with flying colours a good mark a really stiff / hard exam ‘alow mark How did you do in your exams? ‘the top mark Verb + exam 1 2 3 4 5. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: | spent the whole weekend for my final exams. I didn't go out once. Do we have to fan exam at the end of the course? She's exceptionally bright and she all her exams easily | almost filed the exam. | just managed to ...........through with 51%. I don't know what grade I got because the teacher hasn't ...........OUF exam yet. 2. Expressions with exam ‘Match the halves: |. How did you do in your exams? a. [think he got nearly 100%, 2. I made a complete mess of the exam. b. I don’ think many of us wil pass. 3. He passed the exam with fying colours. _¢. I mucked the whole thing up. 4 Ie was a really stiff exam, 4. Badly | ailed three of them. 3. Verb + mark Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: L 2 3 4. 1m hoping to ...........a good mark in the exam tomorrow. Please remember that marks will be for bad spelling. ‘The teacher ...........the highest mark to Mandy. She would've got 100%, but she four marks for poor handwriting. 4. Adjective + mark Complete the sentences below withthe above adjectives: Notes 5 I 2. 3. 4 5. L 2 He did no revision for the maths exam, but he stil got a .........-.mark, Nobody got ..........marks in the spelling test, but | got nearly all the answers right. Harry scored the mark in the English test. Hes always first in the class Project work accounts for 50% of your mark for this course. you get ‘marks in the test, youll have to take the test again. ‘At school atest Is often something ess formal than an exam, eg reading est. [Note this expression with mark You have to give him fol marks for trying. (He didn’ succeed, but tried very hard) ‘Key Words for Fuoney ~ IntermediateSection 8 Sport and fitness sport team game race, competition and match victory defeat prize strength energy and exercise re “Nota fr march” Key Words for Fluency ~ intormodiatosport | Verb + sport Adjective + sport Sports + noun watch spores a contact sport 2 sports centre playa spore 2 dangerous sport spores coverage tala up spore 2 indoor sport sports equpmnent hate spore 2 popular spore sports events 2 spectator sport spores fetes a team spore |. Verb + sport Complete the sentences withthe correct form of the above verbs: 1, Do you .......+..-any other sports besides tennis and golf? 2. LesseessseeeSport when I was at school. | just couldn't do anything well 3. You're not getting enough exercise. Why don't you .........+-Up a sport? 4. | prefer sport to taking part 2. Adjective + sport Choose the correct collocation: Baseball is a common / popular sport in Japan. ‘There's a high risk of injury with contact / touch sports like rugby. Motor racing isan exciting but highly dangerous / unsafe sport. ‘Squash is an indoor / inside sport. 5. Basketball s a spectator / viewer sport, but fishing isn’t. Who would pay money to watch somebody fish! 6. The Olympic Games include group / team sports like football and hockey, and individual ones such as the discus and the javelin, 3. Sports + noun Notes cy Complete the sentences with the above nour: Sports [work in a large sports .....2....++ «'m a swimming instructor. a are often sponsored by big companies ike Nike and Adidas. 2 3. Our sports shop stocks a wide range of sports ..........and sportswear 4 B Sports .........+-in the local newspaper is good. ‘The couneil is hoping to find extra money to improve sports for youngsters living in innercity areas. 1. Note these expressions: The schoo skeen tino more young people in spore I bebe that king animals for spores moraly rong. and shouldbe banned, 2. Note these noun + preposition + sport expressions: ‘My husband is spre fone, bu Fm of! dosha is ve of sport. ‘My brother is very thet He seems to havea natural lee for sport. 3, Note these expressions “Benning boing woud nly drve the sport underround (people would dt iegaly) “olf sa sport with 0 very clean image (payers donot behave body or tok dros) 4. Sing and ie-skacng are refered to a8 winter sports, but we dont tak about ‘summer sport Key Words for Fluency ~ intermediateteam Verb + team Team #verb Adjective + team Team + noun payhh/foravam tarmecdsbrce theveining an” tam eort, i ome erase seanle =. tana akepeth asoogiam cemmee | Sedroppedttoma competion "tame areeenh-tcamapre | sm poor fc ort Verb collocations Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. Smith «in the first team for eight years. and captained it for two years. 2. He's been picked for the Olympics. t's the third time he's the team. 3. He wasn't playing very well, so the manager ... him from the team, 4. Which football team do you - 2 5. 6 7. Sixteen teams will part, but only four wil go through to the second round My team in the final ~ they were easily beaten, The team their victory by opening bottles of champagne. 2. Adjective + team Complete the sentences withthe above adjectives: |, We have a.......+-+.team and therefore a good chance of winning the game. 2. Some of the players from the ‘am were in tears atthe end of the game 3. The two teams are evenly-. | think ies going to be a very close game. 4, The delighted supporters of the ...........team ran onto the pitch at the end of the match, 3. Team + noun Complete the sentences withthe above nouns: |. Hussain, the team . was injured in the game against Australia. 2. They've got real team .. ~a real desire to work together. 3. I much prefer to play team .........-lke football and basketball, 44, The goalkeeper apologised to his team ..........-for the mistake that lost them the game. 5. Ie was a real ccam Everyone contributed to the success of the event. Notes Note these expressions: He was a member ofthe Britsh Opi tom. Ferguson coached the team ther second league championship in thre years. 2. When a team plays in their own stadium, they are the home team’. The other team i the roca 3, We talk about teams in areas other than sport: ‘Medea teams ae traveling tothe disaster are to coe forthe wounded. Rescue teams ore stil working to free those topped in the colpsed bulng ‘Mr Jones wil be joing our sales tear as fom next Monday ‘A team of experts has been called into investigate the cause ofthe accident. 1m part ofa team of scientists imvohed in cancer research ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate 59game Verb+game Adjective + game Noun + prep.+... Types of game abandon a game a clean game coverage of a a board game make up a game apphysical game the object of a... a card game play a game a tiring game preparation fora... a computer game win or lose a game a quick game the result ofa... a party game miss a game the rules of a a team game Verb + game ‘Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. tes important that you - the game according to the rules. 2. If we sssessseeosthis game, were out of the championship. 3. Hes always Lup new language games for his students to play in clas, 4, Roberto Carlos is stil injured and will tonights game. 5. When the rain started we had to the game. 2. Adjective + game Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: |. There's time for a game of cards before the train leaves. 2. American football is a very game, so injuries are quite common. 3. le was a tough but game. There was no dirty play. A, Squash is a......-...-game which requires high levels of fitness and stamina, 3. Noun + preposition + game Complete the sentences with the above nouns: |. The of the game is to get rid of all your cards before your opponent does 2. You can see live of the game against Sweden on Channel 2 3. The referee is the person who should know all the .... of the game. 4. With both teams playing well itis dificult eo predict the ...........of the game. 5, They've been training hard in ...........for tonight’ big game. 4. Types of game Complete the sentences with the tps of gome: 1 Dhated ..........:+.games ke football when I was at school 2 games like chess keep children amused when the weather is bad. 3. Musical Chairs is a well-known same. 4. Lwon £500 in a.....-...++.game, but lost it all at the roulette wheel. 5. The problem with. ‘games like Tetris is they can be highly addictive. [Note these expressions The gome ended in a drow. Computer games provide endless hours of fr. The gome ines throwing metal horse shoes at @ sce Roulete i a game of chance, whereas ches iso game of sil 1 can't seem to get the hang of ths game. (oe able to ply Dont cake i so serioush I’ just a gome! Key Words for Fluency ~ intermediaterace, competition and match Verb + race Noun + race Expressions with | wath are hore rave or bost ace competion Gieparcnarace 3 lodmrace dinoctout competion | fsa race Vero competiion around of competion vinorlowarace held/runa competion Expressions wich match ie eee ue Dede rama ace betnoad cet ofa otal atch | | competion ‘emis ech | 2 gfping mach competition: people compete against each other for a prize rac people or animals run, or drive faster than each other [ mate: ‘wo teams or individuals try to defeat each other |. Verb + race Complete the sentences with the correct form ofthe above verbs: |= Lewis is in top form. He has his lase 10 races. . Two British athletes had to .........from the race because of injury . More than 45 horses are expected to part in this year’s big race, |. Not all the participants are expected to ‘the race. Its over 35kms long, 5. Thousands of spectators tured up to the race, 5. He was from the race for using drugs and banned from all competitions 2. Verb + competition ‘Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1 ‘our free competition and you could walk away with £500,000. 2. All the German veams were ‘out of the competition in the early stages. 3. A magazine is ‘8 competition to find Britain's most intelligent person. 3, Race, competition or match? (Only one choice is posible inthe following sentences. Circle the correct collocation: |. My team was eliminated in the second round of the race / competition / match. 2. Highlights of England's qualifying race / competition / match will be shown at 10.30 pm. 3. Tennis tournaments like Wimbledon are knockout races / competitions / matches 4. He spent all his money gambling on horse races / competitions / matches 5. The girls challenged us to a football race / competition / match. 6. [esa lO-kilometre race / competition / match from the harbour to the city centre. Notes 1, Note these expressions The race competion is open to anyone over the oge of siete. There's ony 0 week left unt the big ace J match 2. We also use ‘competition’ in talking about business and employment There's flere competion for jabs. There are too many peopl chasing to few jabs ‘There is now keen competition between univers to atroct overseas stident. We are facing sf intense competion fom foctoris inthe For East. In the face of strong competton from big supermarkets, many small shops oe going out of busines. Key Words for Fluency ~ Itermadiate 6victory Verb + victory Adjective + victory sweep to victory a dramatic victory | celebrate a victory a decisive victory lead (a ceam) to victory an easy Victory rob (someone) of victory a narrow victory a surprise victory well-earned victory 1. Verb + victory 2. Adjective + Notes e Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. Champagne botes were opened asthe team thei impresve vetry cr lst ya's champions, 2. We wre wining buta couple of last-minute goal......0Ur eam of cerein victory nthe endl we lost 3-2 3. Bobby Moore ‘the English tear to victory inthe 1966 World Cup 4. The Socal Democrats to vitor inthe rant elections. They won by a huge margin ory Mach the habs ; dH \ |. Brazil reached the final of ¥ \S the championship He if : 2. Manchester United snatched fide rato /} ha ‘a dramatic vietory lial ae Owen's third goal aad . le was a surprisingly easy victory, ‘The newcomer pulled off a surprise victory le was a narrow victory, “A decisive 5-0 victory” against last year’s champion in the semi-final >. but that final goal secured our place in the final. given the fantastic reputation of the other ceam. secured a well-earned victory for England. over Bayern Munich in the closing seconds of the match. ‘with a decisive 5-0 victory over Italy. Bp ange aay |. Note the following adjective + preposition + victory expressions: ‘The team is now certain of vor. can't see them losing the match now. ‘The fons were jubilant at! over France's victory in the fa. We have prepared wel for the metch and are quiet confident of tory. 2 Note these ways of talking about winning easily Ie wos a prety comfortable victory The team dot have to work very hard. Scoland cruised to victory nthe second half ofthe match 3. Note these useful phrases: (ur new ployer should improve our chances of victory aginst Spurs in next week’s match The victory was sweet revenge for our defeat last seato, Key Words fr Fluency ~ intermodiatedefeat | Verb + defeat Adjective + defeat Noun + preposition + suffer a defeat heavy / crushing defeat defeat | accept defeat a humiliating defeat the jaws of defeat | avoid defeat a narrow defeat the possibility of defeat avenge a defeat ‘a shock defeat revenge for your defeat a string of defeats the disappointment of . Verb + defeat Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. Borg defeat gracefully and shook hands with McEnroe. 2 In next week's match, the English hope to their defeat by Wales in the same competition this time last year 3. Without their best players the team ...........a heavy defeat in the cup final.The final score was 4-1 4, We narrowiy ......+...-defeat in the semifinal when the referee disallowed a French goal in the last minute of the game. 2. Adjective + defeat Choose the corect collation: |. Glasgow Rangers suffered a big / heavy defeat at che hands of their oldest rivals, Celtic They lost 5:1 2. The English team are stil trying to recover from their sudden / shock defeat by Monaco. 3. le was such a narrow / tight defeat. We lost the competition by just three peines! 4. The manager offered no excuses for his team’s shaming / humiliating defeat. 3. Noun + preposition + defeat Complete the sentences with the above nouns |. The Swedish team are seeking for their defeat in last year’s final 2. The manager refuses to entertain the lof defeat. He expects his players to win the match easily 3. We were losing, But our fans still hoped we could seize victory from the of defeat, 4. The recent of defeats has led to calls for the manager's resignation, 5. The team have clearly shrugged off the ..........-of last week's defeat. Notes 1. Note these expressions The team’s defeat in he first round of the competion come os a big shock to many of ts supporter. The humilging defeat by athe ivson team led tothe resignation ofthe manage. ‘The manager blared the referee for his teams defect inthe final 2. Note these useful expressions: | thought I could fc the rodo mse but Ive finaly had to adit defet (ve up trying todo something) Welt be back We aren't gong to take defeat hing down, won't accept it easy) Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate «prize Verb + prize accept a prize award a prize claim a prize presenta prize share a prize win a prize I. Verb + prize Complete the sentences wit the correct form ofthe above verbs: Adjective + prize Prize + noun first prize a prize draw the booby prize prize money a major / top prize prize winners 1 consolation prize a fabulous prize the Nobel Prize for |. Did you ‘a prize in the competition? 2. Mr Liu cant be here tonight, so his wife will be he prize on his behal. 3. There's more than one winner so the prize will have t© Be ......-sse++ = 4, The local Mayor will the prizes atthe school sports day 5. The winning numbers of the lottery were announced 2 week ago, but no one has yet stepped forward t0...........the £1 million prize. 6. The Hamilton prize is + very year to the student who has shown most progress in mathematics. 2. Adjective + prize Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: LL The roses | entered in the gardening show took ...........prize in the flower section. 2. At the Oscars, the film Gladiator carried off nearly all the .......--.- prizes 3. I was last in the competition, so | got the .......+...prize. 4. There are prizes to be won in this week's competition — luxury cars, Mediterranean cruises and many more. The in genetics. 3. Prize + noun Complete the sentences with the above nouns: Notes |. The prize £300 goes to the winner, and five runners-up receive a Tshirt as a prize. Prize for Science was awarded to Dr Wilson for his outstanding work. ‘each receive a year’s free admission to the leisure centre. 2. Win a holiday for two in the Bahamas in our grand prize ' 3. The tennis tournament offers nearly £5 milion in prize 1. Note these expressions There are hundreds of prizes up for grab in our competion (tbe won) There are cash prizes of up to £500. 2. Note this common expression: There are no prizes for guesing who he staking to the dance. (ou can easly guess) 3. Inthe folowing sentences we use reward! and not prize’ ‘The soar rise was a ting reward fr ol his hard work You deserve a reward fer being 20 helpful Tak the rest of the doy of 1 go no reward for ol the extra hard work I id ‘You wi’ a prize bu you gee’ a reward ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediatestrength Verb + strength Adjective + strength Noun + of + strength bulld up your strength full strength a feat of strength use your strength inner strength a lack of strength save your strength physical strength reserves of strength Underestimate (his) strength superhuman strength gather J recover your... superior strength |. Verb + strength Complete the sentences withthe correct form of the above verbs: By .....ss+-svall of his strength he managed to move the heavy wardrobe. . He mighe be small, Bur don’: oc his strength, He's tougher than he looks. . He's on a special training programme to help him up his strength He's running slowly because he's his strength for the last 100 metres. 5. Vhad to sit down to iy strength before I felt able to continue. I think | should go to the doctor: | don't understand why I'm so short of breath these days 2. Adjective + strength 3. Noun + of + strength Notes Choose the best collocation: |. After an hour Sampras’ better / superior strength began to tell and he won the match quite comfortably. 2. The operation wil leave you feeling weak, but you should be back to full / top strength ina month or so. 3, Asterix is a cartoon character who gets his gigantic / superhuman strength from drinking a magic potion. 4, Ie’ not his body / physical strength that makes him such a great champion, but his inside / inner strength that separates him from the other players. Complete the sentences below with the nouns above: |. For a rugby player, he is quite small, but he uses speed to compensate for his of strength, 2. My grandfather was a circus strong man. He used to entertain people with his amazing ..........0f svrength 3. She called up her last .........--f strength in an effort to get to the top of the mountain. = |. Note these expressions ‘Don't underestimate Ie took all my svength to open the door. his strength” ei with ol my tenth 2. Note haw we describe finding the strength to do something 1m firing ful to curmen up the strength to do the housework. He wil ave tocol on oll strength fhe to Break Edward’ world record Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate 65energy and exercise Verb + energy Adjective + exercise have energy light exercise save your energy regular exercise | ‘se up energy serenvous exercise | run out of energy warm-up exercises sive you energy Noun + of + exercise sap your energy lack of exercise | Noun + of + energy a form of exercise | 2 great deal of energy the effect of exercise a burst of energy a source of energy |. Verb + energy Complete the sentences with the correct form ofthe above verbs: |. Childran seem to|..........boundess energy.| don't know where they ge ic from! 2. You should go to the gym. You'l..........-up energy = AND youl lose weight! 3. Running up che step fill .....-ve--my energy and | had to stop for a rest 4 Tim not being lazy. 'm just ..........-y energy for later 5. Bananas ..........you lots of energy. | always earry two oF three in my bag 6. After ten kilometres | was ,......-----OU8 of energy fast and badly needed a rest 2. Noun + of + energy Complete the sentences wih the above nous |. Chocolate is a good .. of energy. 2. Bringing up a young family requires a great .. of energy. 3. With a sudden ++..0f energy. he ran up the stairs to the top floor, 3. Adjective + exercise Choose the correct collecaton: |. Avoid strong / strenuous exercise immediately after a meal. Wait at least an hour. 2. You can pull a muscle if you don’t do some gentle preparation / warm-up exercises. 3. | go jogging every day ~ the doctor told me that | needed constant / regular exercise 4. After my injury, | can do a bie of light / soft exercise such as walking, but | must avoid vigorous exercise such as running. 4. Noun + of + exer: ‘Match the halves: I, Lack of exercise a. read about the beneficial effects of exercise 2, Walking is probably . can lead to ill-health, 3. We've been keen cyclists since we ¢. the most popular form of exercise Notes "Energies means the interest and efor that we use to do things: She put threw channeled al of he energies inca her work and has no soil Hes result She devoted all er energies tothe care of her sick mother. 2. Swimming is considered the ‘bese allround exercise’ 6 Key Words for Fluency ~ IntermediateSection 9 Health health illness disease and infection stress smoking and drugs (illegal) pain appointment, symptom and test treatment and cure operation and drug "I hink we’ better do some more tests” ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate 74 erhealth Health + verb Health + noun ‘Common expressions look after your health ‘a health hazard bad for your health nurse back to health health reasons essential for good health your health improves a health risk harmful to your health your health deteriorates a health warning ddo wonders for your health your health causes concern the health service 1. Health + verb Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. Myaune’s health rapidly last year and she died in December. 2. Remember to after your health, and it will look after you! 3. After his illness, his wife him back to health 4. My daughter's health has 1 lot since she stopped eating dairy products, 5. The President's health is. great concern. The doctors are not sure if he will survive the night 2. Health + noun ‘Match the two halves: | gave up smoking for In the 1980s, the British were not aware of the This counery has an excellent Increasing levels of pollution are becoming @ major ln most countries cigarette packets carry a health warning health service. health risks of eating meat. health reasons. health hazard, 3. Common expressions: Notes 6 Complete the sentences with a ward fram the above common expressions: 1. Smoking is for your health. So give up now! 2. Abigh ft diet is ‘to your health, so cut down on butter! 3. Vitamins and minerals are for good health 4, Did you know that keeping a pet can do for your health? fee a fact that people with cats and doge visit the doctor less often than those who don’t have pets |. Note the verbs we use to describe a loss of health: He was ie when I Tat sow hi, but since then his health has taken « ten for the wore. ‘My grandater os been aft man al his fe, but ot 96 his hea fling 2. Note the following ways of describing good health and bad health ‘A the age ofseventyhre she isi enjoying goed heath, My father is 91 and he's Blessed with excelent heath He's never The boby wes in perfect health and weighed 4.1 kiograms at bith He had been dogged by bad heath al his Ife He's never been wel He wanted t9 continue working but he was forced to resign because of i heath eis @ welenown fact that porerty and poor heath go hand i hand -My mother snow 88 and her heath i frgle 3. Note these noun + of + health expressions: Regular exercise can make 0 big dference to your state of heath After a series of ests and exominavons the doctors have given him @ clean bil of heath Key Words for Fluency ~ IntermediateVerb + illness Adjective + illness Noun + preposition ¢ illness have an achronicillness the cause ofan illness cause an illness a long illness the extent of an illness diagnose an illness serious illness a symptom of an illness suffer from an ilness a sudden illness a recurrence of an illness recover from an Ines (make) a full recovery from an illness |. Verb + illness ‘Complete the sentences withthe correct form of the above verbs: |. One in four people will from some kind of mental illness at some point in their lives. ‘She's having some tests done to find out what's ...........-her illness. 3. There is no cure for diabetes, but the illness can be soe with insulin, |. My sister hasn'e fully from her illness. She's sil off work. Wve sssssesssscall the normal childhood illnesses ~ measles, mumps, chickenpox, etc. ‘They're having difficulty . ry illness. 'm having more tests next week. 2. Adjective + illness 3. Noun + preposition + illness Note ‘Match the halves: |. The night before the 100-metre final, Christie was struck down by a sudden illness. 2. Elvin Moon has died after a long illness. 3. TB used to be a really serious illness, 4. Older people with a chronic illness, ike arthritis 4. can easly become depressed and exhausted As a result he had to withdraw from the race \ «. He battled for years against throat cancer: 4, but now it ean be cured relatively easily Complete the sentences wit te above nuns io 1. Ac the moment. its imposible o say whether shell make 3 fl Pom her ies or ot 2. The doctors have attnbuted the cross -of her ines to an unknown vrs 3. A persistent cough one of he... fhe ns. 4. Hes ie now and e's back at work bu hes afraid ofa. of te ile 5. [think he Keeping the tru vos. i iles from me. know is fr more serious than he has told me. Note the following: “He missed tvee doy of work through ness. (Because he wos il} ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate 69disease and infection | Verb + disease ‘Noun + preposition + disease contract / get a disease ‘an outbreak ofa disease suffer from / have a disease the spread of a disease prevent disease 2 cure for a disease eradicate diseases resistance to a disease ‘Adjective + disease the risk of disease an infectious disease Verb + infection a fatal disease clear up an infection an incurable disease prevent infection suffer from an infection an infection spreads I. Verb + disease Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. We all know that regular exercise helps to heart dseate. 2. Myson from motor neurone disease and needs 24-hour care, 3. Almost all the people who ..........-the disease make a complete recovery. 4, Advances in medicine have . many of the terrible diseases of the past, such as smallpox. 2. Adjective + disease Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: |. Hepatitis is a pocentially ...........disease. If you're not treated early, you could die, 2. The disease is so that the doctors have isolated him from other patients. 3. My uncle sufers from a «blood disease. Only one in a milion have it 4. She has an disease. She wil just have to learn to cope with it. 3. Noun + preposition + disease ‘Motch the halves: |. The government must act quickly to halt a. a cure for this new disease. 2. A good diet helps the body to build up __b. a sudden outbreak of the disease, 3. Eating too much sugar and fat increases. the spread of the disease. 4. The race has begun to find 4. the risk of heart disease 5. Doctors were sent to the aren after «resistance to disease. 4. Verb + infection Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. He's having trouble breathing. He's ........-..from a serious chest infection. 2. Always apply antiseptic cream to minor CUS tO ......++.- infection, 3, The doctor prescribed some drops to .........-+Up my ear infection, 4. Ifthe skin infection isn’t treated, it could ...........from your legs to your body. Note [Note these noun + preposition + infection expressions: {im ofeid these masks offer very lite protection agains infection The doctr examined the it on his lee for sign of nfcton. 7 ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ ItormodtatoVerb + stress Noun + of + stress suffer from stress the effects of stress cope with stress levels of stress relleve stress in moments of stress thrive on stress a sign of stress place stress on you a source of stress I. Verb + stress Complete the sentences with the correct form of the obove verbs: |. Massage can help to, headaches, stress and pains. tis a relaxation technique which has been used for centuries. 2. Worried by a number of recent suicides, the University has set up a new service to help students Who aFe o..eecssers+efFOM stress 3. Iedon'e know how she .........2++.With the stress fof bringing up two disabled children on her own. | certainly couldn't handle it. 4, | work better when things are difcule. | think. 1 fon stress. 5. Decisions about who should look after a sick child often considerable stress ‘on working couples. “A classic sgn of stress” 2. Noun + of + stress Notes Complete the sentences with the above noun phrases: Lin. of great stress | close my eyes and imagine 'm on a sunny beach, 2. Acommon... Of stress in the workplace is having to do the work of colleagues who are off sick 3. Nowadays people are more aware of the damaging, of stress on the body. 4, Not being able co relax and sleep is often a of stress. 5. High .......0.+.0F stress are a common feature of modern lfe. People today are ‘more wound up and tense than they were in previous generations. LL Note the common expressions with ‘under stress People under a let of sess may experience headaches, fugue and sleeping robles. Considering the amount of stress she's under ts not surpriing she gets angry so easily | think the stress I wos under atthe tne effected my judgement ond that was wy I made some of these mitokes 2 Note the following expressions: Because ofthe ropidincreaze in stresereeted leses in recent years, mony companies have started rovding courses in stress management for al thei staff 3. Note these expressions, then think of other ways of completing them: (One woy of dealing with sess st dink postive You can escape frm the stresses and stains of fe by going fora long wok inthe countryside Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate nsmoking and drugs (illegal) Verb + smoking Verb + drugs Drug + noun take up smoking take / use drugs drug abuse approve of smoking come off drugs drug addict ‘cut down on smoking _legalse drugs drug dealer ive up smoking seize drugs drug habit refrain from smoking supply drugs drug overdose smuggle drugs drug trafficking 1. Verb + smoking Complete the sentences with the correct preposition |. Lhad to give ........-smoking for health reasons. I's now two years since I quit. 2. used to be a heavy smoker but I've managed to cut in recent months. 3. The sign on the wall said, ‘Please refrain ......... smoking in the waiting room’. 4. I don't approve ......... Smoking in restaurants. I think ie should be banned. 5. [took ........-smoking when I was 12 and I've been a heavy smoker ever since. 2. Verb + drugs Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: I don't do drugs. ve never .........++dFugs at any time in my life I think the crime rate would decrease if soft drugs like cannabis were He says he's now clean. He ‘off drugs a year ago. Ie was his bestfriend who ............him with the drugs that killed him, UK customs officials have just drugs with a street value of $2 million. Anyone caught drugs into the country faces the death penalty, 3. Drug + noun Notes 7 Complete the sentences with the above nouns: 1. AIDS can be spread by drug sharing needles. 2. He's a known drug who's often seen pushing drugs outside the local café. 3, The rock star, Lentrix, died of a drug ina New York hotel in 19689. 4. All parents should be aware of the early signs of drug. 5. Many addicts are forced to turn to crime in order to support their drug 6. Drug. is an international problem. Police forces around the world are now working together in an effort to stop it. 1. Note the verbs we use to describe the effects of smoking Smoking con seriously damoge your heath Passive smoking kl thousands of peopl every year. eis now an occepted fot that smoking causes lng concer. 2. Note the following ways of saying that you can smoke in a particular place In he ierest of softy, smoking is ferbidden / probed in ths bung Possengers are reminded that smoking isnot allowed J not permitted on this aro 3. Note these expressions with “drugs He always loks as though he on drugs (using drugs regular) Fer years he wos dependent on drugs, but he hos fal managed to overcome his addon. The President denied that he had experimented with drug whl he wos 0 student Key Words for Fluency ~ intermediatepain Verb + pain Adjective + pain ‘Common expressions bear the pain a burning pain alleviate pain cause pain a dull pain cease the pain complain of a pain a throbbing pain deaden the pain pain passes a sudden pain all he pain pain gees worse constant pain relieve pain unbearable pain soothe the pain 1. Verb + pain Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: 1. An old sports injury is him a lot of pain at the moment 2. I couldnt ..........the pain any longer, so I took some painkillers. 3. The tablets might help, but ifthe pain persists or ‘worse, see your doctor. 4. The pain was so severe that I had to hold on to a chair until it 5. She’ been of pain inher chest fora few days. ve called the doctor. 2. Adjective + pain Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: |. Ive had terrible toothache al night long ~ just a constant .. pain. tm ringing the dents. 2. I just bent over to pick up my suitcase and I got this pain in my back. | think I've done something! 3. | was cleaning some paint brushes and I put my hand up to my eye. | must've got some paint init. | suddenly got this pain in my left eye. That's why I came straight round to the hospital 4. My poor grandmother was in the most pain for the last few months of her life. 5. This pain never goes away. I's just night and day. 6. What's the pain like? Is ia sharp pain or more of a ain? 3. Common expressions Notes We use a number of verbs to describe reducing pain. Match the halves: |. Unfortunately che drugs did a. to deaden or kill pain quickly. 2. Antacids relieve pain by neutralising acid _. soothe the pain and stop her crying. 3. After a ering day at work, hot bath can ¢. nothing to alleviate the pain 4, Rub this gel onto the baby’s gums and it will 4. ease all your aches and pains. 5. Morphine is given to accident victims €. in the contents of the stomach. 1. Note these expressions He was ina lt of pr. had few minor aches and pain, but nahin serious 2. Note these ways of describing someone in pain: ‘The pavent was screaming wth pain, Stomach urs cause great disress.The patent i often bent double wth pat 3. We tlk of back pain, chest pains and growing pans (in chien}. ‘Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediate aappointment, symptom and test Verb + appointment Verb + symptoms Verb + test make an appointment show symptoms do atest get an appointment doctors treat symptoms repeat a test have an appointment symptoms go away take a test wait for an appointment symptoms persist have to have some keep an appointment symptoms include headaches tests miss an appointment and a high temperature ‘eancel an appointment |. Verb + appointment Complete the sentences wth the correct form of the above verbs 1. Can 1 ....sec.+.a® appointment to see Dr Wilkins, please? 2. il ring the surgery, bu | don't think I'l........-..aM appointment at such short 31 ry appointment at the clinic today | forgot all about it. 4. Ilhad a sore throat, so | had to phone up and my dental appointment. 5. Unfortunately, you may have to Lup to six months for an appointment. 6. I won't be at work tomorrow morning. |. ......+-+-aN appointment with the dentist. 7. Allot of valuable time is lost when patients fall to ........+--their appointments 2. Verb + symptoms Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: Keep taking the medicine until your symptoms away. Ieis often said chat western medicine ...........the symptoms and not the cause. ‘The symptoms of the disease ...........8 high temperature and vomiting. IF these symptoms lr get worse, consult your doctor. My father is beginning to the classic symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 3. Verb + test Notes 74 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above verbs: |. I'm afraid the blood tests were inconclusive, so we will need to ...........them. 2. He says he's willing t0 ..........+8 paternity test to prove he isn't the child's father, 3. Well need to some tests co find out whats causing your headaches. 4. The specialist said that I have to ..........Some blood tests to see what's wrong. |. Note the prepositions in these sentences: Constaion is by appointment on T have an appointment with Dr Andrews tomorrow ofternaon Ive get an appointment atthe antenatal cn ths ofemoon. 2. Note hese expressions: The texte come back pov ! nego. Her latest tests show tht she is inthe clear (ne lnger has the medical problem) 3. We tlk about tblood, eye, hearing and pregnancy rst 4. Teses are specific whereas an examination is more general. so we use ‘examination’ and not ‘est In the folowing sentance: ‘A doctor wil need to give yeu 0 fll examination, and then he may decide he need to do some tests. "and we get our eyes and blood tested Key Words for Fluency ~ Intermediatetreatment and cure | Verb + treatment Adjective + treatment begin creatment an effective treatment give treatment a new treatment ‘undergo treatment free treatment need treatment urgent treatment respond to treatment _various treatments |. Verb + treatment Complete the sentences with the correct form ofthe above verb: Adjective + cure 2 complete cure an instant cure no known cure 1. The driver was .........-@mergeney treatment at the scene of the accident. 2, My mother is .......+.+.well to treatment and should so 3. Some cancer patients prefer to continue working while on be able to walk again 4, Ten prisoners ...........medical treatment after a riot at the prison, 5. There's a better chance of success if we the treatment as soon as possible. 2. Adjective + treatment Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: |. Doctors are trying out a.........+-treatment for asthma which involves special breathing exercises. 2. A daily dose of aspirin is a simple but highly ‘treatment for certain heart conditions. 3. There are treatments for this complaint ~ surgery is just one option, but so much depends on the individual patient 4. Three firefighters needed ...........medical treatment after breathing in toxic fumes. 5, You get ......++++-dental treatment if you are under 18 or if you are pregnant. 3. Adjective + cure Notes Complete the sentences with the above adjectives: LL There is no ..-.+.++++.€ure for the common cold. 2. The treatment won't provide a ..........-cure for your back pain, but it will help to reduce it significantly. 3. Pm afraid there isn't an ........... €ure for this condition. fe will take three months of treatment with creams before your skin returns to normal. |. Note this expression: Thanks tothe treatment, her condtion has improved significantly (oso result ofthe trectmens) 2. Note these expressions with ‘ure Scents are hoping fr a breakthrough inthe serch for 2 care for Ncheimer's disease Prevention i berter thon cur, so make sure you fock after your heath think is posse that o cute for cancer wil be fund in my eine. Key Words for Fluency — Intermediato “Tm ofid, Mr Higginbottom, that there is no instant cure!” 75