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PAD
Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007; 33: S14 4
Peripheral Arterial Diseases
(PAD)
1. Prevalence
2. Atherosclerosis and its risk factors
3. The Danger of PAD
4. Diagnosis of PAD
5. Laboratory diagnosis
6. Management
Intermittent Claudication
Cramping, or
aching pain
related to
walking and
relieved by
rest.
Atypical presentation
Inspection of the foot
Pedal pulses
Other clinical signs of PAD
Temperature gradient
Color changes
Capillary refill time
Simple bedside tests to diagnose
PAD
A low ABI (<0.9)
indicates PAD.
Duplex ultrasonography,
Magnetic resonance angiography,
Computed tomographic angiography,
Angiography
Biochemical Tests
Screening for atherosclerotic risk factors e.g. lipid
abnormalities, proteinuria, renal insufficiency
For patients with early-age onset of disease, family
history of thrombotic events, or when there is a lack
of common risk factors for atherosclerosis:
Hypercoagulability screening
Homocysteine levels (either fasting or after
methionine loading)
Peripheral Arterial Diseases
(PAD)
1. Prevalence
2. Atherosclerosis and its risk factors
3. The impact of PAD
4. Diagnosis of PAD
5. Laboratory diagnosis
6. Management
Management of PAD