Design Input

Sieve Analysis
Loading rate
Water temperature
Design Criteria

Calculation Steps
1. Determine the effective size, E, and uniformity coefficient, U using:

where Xg= geometric mean

Sg=geometric standard deviation
2. Specify the filter media.
3. Assume specific gravity, shape factor, bed porosity, trial depth of the filter bed used
based from the design criteria.
4. Determine the Reynolds number per interval of sieve number.

5. Calculate the drag coefficient per interval of sieve number

6. Determine the product of the fractional mass retained and the drag coefficient divided by
the diameter per interval of sieve number
7. Calculate the clean filter head loss, hL
8. Estimate the particle settling velocity using the figure below
 9. Compute for the estimated Reynolds number using

where : d g = geometric mean diameter

= particle shape factor
v a = superficia l velocity
= kinematic viscosity
10. Calculate again the CD using the formula for Step 5

11. Compute for the terminal settling velocity

Where:

12. Calculate the expanded bed porosity

STEP 1:
Sieve Analysis:

Plotting values,

EFFECTIVE SIZE (E) AND UNIFORMITY COEFFICIENT (U)

where,
E = effective size
P10 = tenth percentile
Xg = geometric mean
Sg =standard deviation
STEP 2:
FILTER MEDIA
The filter media used is sand
STEP 3:
Assume,
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
SG=2.65
SHAPE FACTOR
S=0.82
BED POROSITY ( )
= 0.45
TRIAL DEPTH OF SAND (L)
L=0.5m
STEP 4:
For sieve no. (8-12),
REYNOLDS NUMBER
(d g )(v a )
R= where d g = geometric mean diameter

= particle shape factor
v a = superficia l velocity
= kinematic viscosity
m
(0.82)(0.0 02m)(0.002 5 )
s
R=
m2
1.307 10 -6
s
R = 3.137; This is between 0.5 and 10 4
which is in transit ion region

The same process is also followed for the rest of sieve no. interval
STEP 5:
For sieve no. (8-12),
DRAG COEFFICIENT, CD
For transition region,

The same process is also followed for the rest of sieve no. interval
STEP 6:
For interval sieve no. (8-12)

; where

The same process is also followed for the rest of sieve no. interval
Summary computed results per interval of sieve number:

STEP 7.
HEADLOSS, hL
STEP 8:
PARTICLE SETTLING VELOCITY ( v s )

From the particle settling velocity estimation chart,

d = 0.002m
}vs=0.3m/s
SG = 2.5
The same process is also followed for the rest of sieve no. interval
STEP 9:
ESTIMATED REYNOLDS NUMBER

where : d g = geometric mean diameter

= particle shape factor
v a = superficia l velocity
= kinematic viscosity

The same process is also followed for the rest of sieve no. interval

STEP 10
TERMINAL SETTLING VELOCITY
Where: