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a. it can melt
b. it can rust
c. it can bend
d. it can break into pieces
2. Examine the following table to answer the question that follows. Which pair of tests measured chemical properties?
3. Kelley mixes and stirs two chemical solids together. While stirring she notices that the beaker is getting hot. Why is
the beaker getting hot?
a. A
b. C
c. D
d. E
6. Which of the following statements best explains why a liquid changes to a gas when heated?
a. The heat energy causes molecules to move faster and they move farther apart. Some of the molecules have
enough energy to escape the liquid as a gas.
b. Things get bigger when they are heated because the heat causes more motion in the substance. The
substance expands into a gas.
c. The molecules of water change to hydrogen and oxygen. They are gases and escape from the water.
d. A liquid turns into a gas when heated because it expands and the container can no longer hold it. The
molecules spill out the sides of the container.
7. Water is placed over a burner and it boils. The graph below shows the temperature at each 2-minute interval. Using
the graph, answer the following question. At which point do the molecules have the most energy?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
8. The Law of Conservation of Mass states that matter is not gained or lost in a chemical reaction. Which of the
following correctly restates this law in a chemical reaction?
a. The amount of mass of the reactants will equal the mass of the products.
b. The amount of mass is equal to the sum of the reactants and products.
c. Matter is gained and lost depending on how much energy is added.
d. Matter is gained and lost but energy is conserved.
9. The following results were collected during an experiment that involved mixing vinegar and milk. Which variable
was being tested?
a. amount of vinegar
b. amount of milk
c. temperature of the mixture
d. results
10. Acid rain is found in parts of the country where there are many cars and power plants. Water in the form of rain is
chemically combined with sulfur dioxide and oxygen to create sulfuric acid, which becomes acid rain. In this
reaction which substances are considered the reactants?
11. In a closed terrarium, more photosynthesis is taking place then respiration. Where are the plants getting the energy
for photosynthesis?
a. air
b. respiration
c. sun
d. the soil
Study the list above. Which sequence best shows the path of energy that allows animals to move?
a. producer/consumer
b. predator/prey
c. mutualism
d. parasitism
15. Study the food web below. Which of the following plants would be a parasite?
a. dodder plant
b. grass
c. berry bush
d. tree
16. Which organism best fits in the missing area in the diagram below of a food chain?
17. Various environmental and governmental groups work hard to prevent certain animal and plant species from
becoming extinct. What might be the most serious concern about allowing a species to become extinct?
a. Other species may become fearful that they, too, may become extinct.
b. We will miss seeing that particular species.
c. It will disrupt the food web.
d. We will regret not helping that species.
18. When land is cleared for paving a parking lot, what happens to the ability of that land to support living things?
19. A newspaper reporter notices that a pair of peregrine falcons has built a nest on her building. Over the next 2
months, she watches them hatch their eggs, feed the chicks and model flying and hunting behaviors. She writes a
weekly report for the newspaper and documents their growth and behavior. How has the reporter used scientific
methods?
20. A rock has three minerals in it. One of them, quartz, has a hardness of 7. The second, feldspar, has a hardness of 4.
The third, biotite, has a hardness of 2.5. What is true about the hardness of the rock?
a. The hardness is 13.5 because that is the total hardness of the minerals.
b. The hardness is 4.4 because that is the average hardness of the minerals.
c. The hardness of each mineral in the rock is different.
d. The hardness is 2.5, the hardness of the softest mineral.
21. Which event would most likely produce igneous rocks?
a. deposition of soil
b. earthquake
c. erosion in a flood
d. volcanic eruption
22. Sam made the following key while studying rocks. Pretend you have a rock that has particles stuck together, crystals
and flat layers. According to Sams key, what type of rock is it?
a. metamorphic
b. igneous
c. sedimentary
d. mineral
23. What two rock types are formed by the transfer of heat?
24. Two containers were filled with the same size pieces of gravel and water. Jar A was allowed to sit for one month.
Jar B was shaken several times each day during the same month. The jars below show the results at the end of the
experiment. What process does this experiment model?
A before A after
B before B after
a. ice wedging
b. weathering
c. a landslide
d. a volcano
25. Use this diagram of a road cut to answer the following question. What event most likely created the offset of layers
J and I?
a. erosion
b. an earthquake
c. folding
d. a volcano
26. An excavation exposes the side of a hill. Rock layers of different colors, thicknesses and textures are revealed as
shown in the sketch below. Examine the figure and answer the question; which one of the following assumptions is
made by biologists considering fossils found at various levels?
a. Fossil communities had the same physical environment as the present living community.
b. Each layer contains fossils that are older as you go from layer I to layer VI.
c. Each layer contains fossils that are more recent as you go from layer I to layer VI.
d. An animal could burrow into any layer and become fossilized.
27. Which evidence supports the idea that Earths surface has changed over time?
29. Two students make models of earth quakes. Tom slowly bends a popsicle stick, breaking it and notes the sudden
release of energy. Tina drops a rock into a pan of water and watches the waves travel outward. Which model is the
most scientific?
30. A home is built on several known earthquake faults. After it is built, the owner is told the home cannot be lived in or
resold. Why was the scientific information that was available before building NOT used?
31. Two students wish to measure the speed of sound in water. They go to one end of a swimming pool and strike a bell
with a hammer underwater. They used a timing device to see how long it takes for the sound to reach the other end
of the pool. They repeat their test 10 times. The table below shows their data. How could this data best be
analyzed?
Trial 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time(s) .12 .15 .08 .11 .12 .09 .10 .18 .13 .10
a. Add together the times for each test to get the total.
b. Measure the length of a sound wave.
c. Find the mathematical average of the trials.
d. Look up information about sound in the dictionary.
32. You can estimate how far away a lightning bolt strikes by counting the seconds between seeing the lightning and
hearing the thunder. Why does this work?
a. Sound waves travel more slowly through air that light waves.
b. Sound waves travel slowly through the ear canal before they can be heard.
c. Sound waves cannot travel through empty space, they need a medium.
d. Sound waves spread out form a source in circles and light does not.
33. An experiment in the 1700s tried to measure the speed of light with a clock by timing how long it took light to travel
from one lighthouse to another, the experiment failed. The speed of light was eventually measured when
astronomers measured the time it took light to travel from a planet to Earth. How did technology limit the first
experiment?
34. Three boys, John, Mario and Brock decided to see how many arm curls they could do without stopping. An arm curl
is performed by holding a barbell with the arm straight down and the hand facing forward, then bending the arm at
the elbow and raising the barbell toward the shoulder. The boys used 3 different barbells of increasing mass. What
would be a good conclusion for this activity?
35. Which of the following is an example of how a scientist could help an engineering design and build a bridge to
support a maximum load?
37. A family wishes to build a house on a steep hillside. They call a geologist to ask if this is a good idea. What will the
geologist most likely tell the family about the characteristics of the land?
38. Which of the following best restates how Earths gravitational force on an object depends upon the distance of the
object from earth?
40. Students wanted to see the effect different surfaces had on pulling a 500 g wooden block up an inclined plane with
mechanical advantage of 2. They used the same inclined plane and covered it with 4 different materials, one at a
time. Their results are found in the table below. Which substance resulted in the least amount of friction?
a. sand paper
b. foam rubber
c. plain wood
d. linoleum
41. Which of the following describes the mathematical relationship between the length of the arms on a lever?
a. The longer the effort arm, the less the force needed to lift a mass.
b. The longer the effort arm, the greater the force needed to lift a mass.
c. The longer the resistance arm, the less the force needed to lift a mass.
d. The shorter the resistance arm, the greater the force needed to lift a mass.
42. The data in the table below was collected by a group of students as they tested four different types of plastics.
Which of the plastics could be the same?
a. 1 and 2
b. 2 and 3
c. 3 and 4
d. 1 and 4
43. Two students planted 5 seeds, each at a slightly different angle in the soil. All other variables were kept the same.
After 9 days, every plant was 5 or 6 cm tall. If they repeated the experiment with 30 seeds, what would be the most
likely outcome?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
45. Identify one of the energy changes that takes place as a candle burns.
Part II
Directions (4655): Record your answers in the spaces provided below each question.
46. The data table below shows a persons heart rate measured in beats per minute (bpm) at five different times in the
beginning of a day.
Change in Heart Rate Over Time
Heart Rate
Time (bpm) Activity
75
65
60
55
7:00 7:01 7:02 7:03 7:04
a.m. a.m. a.m. a.m. a.m.
Time
Base your answers to questions 47 and 48 on the information and graphs below and on your knowledge of science.
An antibiotic is a drug prescribed to people who are sick due to a bacterial infection. Streptococcus
bacteria may cause a throat infection in humans. An experiment was designed to test the effects of two
different antibiotics, A and B, on samples of Streptococcus bacteria. The graphs below show the results
of this experiment.
Number of Bacteria
Number of Bacteria
0 0 0
0 0 0
Time Time Time
47 Describe how the graph for antibiotic B shows that it was the most successful in controlling the number of
bacteria. [1]
48 Explain why no antibiotic was added to one of the bacteria samples. [1]
Base your answers to questions 49 and 50 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram
represents how easily a student is able to lift blocks of equal volumes that are made of different materials.
Ice
Cork
Iron
49 Describe one way that the student can determine the exact volume of one of the three blocks. [1]
50 Identify the property of the iron block that makes it more difficult to lift than the cork block. [1]
Base your answers to questions 51 and 52 on the information below and on your knowledge of science.
A student dissolved a 40-gram block of a salt in 100 grams of warm water at 45C. The solution
was allowed to cool down to 24C. The student noticed that some of the salt came out of the solution and
settled to the bottom of the beaker. It is later determined that 12 grams of the salt came out of the
solution.
51 How many grams of the salt were dissolved in the solution at 24C? [1]
52 State the general relationship between the temperature of the water and the amount of the salt that will
dissolve in the water. [1]
Base your answers to questions 53 and 54 on the graph below and on your knowledge of science. The graph shows the position
(distance from home) of a bicycle rider on a 42-minute trip. Letters A through E are time intervals during the trip. The key
defines the length of each interval.
A Bicycle Trip
10
9
Distance from Home (km)
8 Key to Intervals
7
6 A 0-12 minutes
D
E B 12-24 minutes
5
4 C C 24-30 minutes
D 30-36 minutes
3 Begins trip from home
E 36-42 minutes
2 B
1 A
0
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42
Time (min)
53 Use the equation below to calculate the bicycle riders average speed in kilometers per minute for the first 30
minutes of the trip. [1]
distance (km)
= average speed
time (min)
km/min
54 Describe how the graph shows that the rider stopped during time interval D. [1]
Base your answers to questions 55 and 56 on the model of the rock cycle below and on your knowledge of science. The
model represents the processes involved in the formation of different types of rocks. Some of these processes are labeled A
through H.
SEDIMENTS
SEDIMENTARY
ROCK
o
M
r
d
IGNEOUS
ROCK
METAMORPHIC
ROCK
55 Complete the table below by writing the letter of the process from the rock cycle diagram that is being
described by each statement in the table. [1]
Letter of Process
Rock Cycle Statement
from Rock Cycle
Diagram
56 Based on the rock cycle diagram, identify one process involved in the formation of metamorphic rock. [1]
Base your answers to questions 57 through 59 on the information below and on your knowledge of
science.
A student placed three identical plant seedlings in soil in three identical containers
and gave each seedling a different amount of water each day. The student measured the
height of each seedling every day for four days. The results are shown in the data table
below.
Data Table
Amount of Height of Seedling (centimeters)
Water Given
Seedling
Daily
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4
(milliliters)
1 5 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8
2 10 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
3 20 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
58 Describe the general relationship between the amount of water each seedling received and its
height on day 4. [1]
59 The plant seedlings and containers were identical. Identify one additional factor that should be
held constant in this experiment. [1]
Answer Key:
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. A
9. D
10. A
11. B
12. A
13. C
14. B
15. A
16. A
17. C
18. B
19. A
20. A
21. D
22. C
23. B
24. B
25. A
26. D
27. A
28. A
29. C
30. D
31. C
32. A
33. B
34. C
35. A
36. A
37. B
38. D
39. C
40. D
41. B
42. D
43. A
44. C
45. D
46. Short Answer
47. Short Answer
48. Short Answer
49. Short Answer
50. Short Answer
51. Short Answer
52. Short Answer
53. Short Answer
54. Short Answer
55. Short Answer
56. Short Answer
57. Short Answer
58. Short Answer
59. Short Answer