Northern Greece rule (Macedonia) ruled by King Philip II, Alexanders father

In 356 BC, King Philips wife, Olympia, gave birth to a son and named him Alexander
Alexander rarely see King Philip because of his military campaigns held for extended periods of time, that thus led to the
resentment of Alexander towards his father
Alexander and his sister were raised in the royal court by their mother
1st tutor Leonidas (mathematics, archery, and horsemanship) had trouble keeping control over his unruly student
2nd tutor Lysimachus (role playing) showed Alexanders interest in military during his act as Achilles
13 years old King Philip hired Aristotle (science, politics, drama, literature, poetry, philosophy) to tutor him at the Temple of
the Nymphs at Meiza. In return of tutoring his son, the king agreed to restore Aristotles home town of Stageira (sta-jy-ra),
freeing citizens from slavery
Alexander loved Homers Iliad, the 15,000 line Greek poem set during the Trojan War. He loved it so much that Aristotle
created a shorter version of the Iliad for Alexander to carry during his military campaigns.
16 years old completed his education and became a soldier against Thracians
Once King Philip succeeded in uniting all the Greek city-states, he banished Olympia and Alexander and married Cleopatra
Eurydice (Yu-reee-deee-seee) (not the famous Cleopatra from Egypt)
During the wedding of Alexanders sister, King Philip was murdered by a Macedonian noble. Many people suspected that
Alexander and his mother did it, but no one knew for certain.
19 years old obtained the support of the army
To ensure that Alexander would rule, Olympia had the daughter of King Philip and Cleopatra murdered which drove her to
suicide.
Even though Alexander was king, he wasnt put in control of the Corinthian league of Greek city-states.
When the king died, the states were divided once again.
Alexander sent his army south to the region of Thessaly and gained their support for his leadership. At a meeting of the
members of the league, Alexander worked for their support and received it.
The Greek city-states, except for Athens, gained him full military power
He moved through Asia Minor and what is today Turkey
He took over Syria defeating the Persian Army at Issus and then laying siege to Tyre
Even though they were outnumbered, he created formations and strategies that defeated the Persians
Next, he conquered Egypt and establish Alexanderia as the capital, named after him.
Later that year, he defeated the Persians again at the Battle of Guagamela. Now Alexander was King of Babylon and Asia.
He was, in effect, King of the four quarters of the known world.
Next, he set his sights on eastern Iran, where he formed colonies under Macecdonian rule.
After capturing Iranian Prince Oxyartes (ok-see-arts), he married the princes daughter, Rhoxana.
Then he began to prepare for a campaign in India.
He defeated King Porus armies in the north of India. He was impressed by Porus so he gave back his rule and won his
loyalty.
At this point, Alexander had accumulated one of the largest empires in history
However, his soldiers were ready to revolt. They wanted to return home to see their wives and children. Alexander agreed and
his army turned back
He was wounded by Malli soldiers as they traveled back along the Indus river. Many of them died or became ill
In 324 BCE, they reached the city of Susa, now Iran. In order to unify Persia and Macedonia, he commanded the
Macedonians marry princesses from Persia.
He recruited thousands of Persian soldiers and dismissed Macedonian soldiers. This made his loyal soldiers very angry.
He tried to appease them by killing 13 Persian military leaders.
At the age of 32, Alexander became ill and died in Babylon, now part of Iraq, while he was planning the conquests of Carthage
and Rome.
He might have died of malaria, but many historians believe he might have been poisoned.
His wife gave birth to his son a few months later.
Alexanders empire collapsed after his death but over time the cultures of Greece and the Orient blended and thrived due to
Alexanders empire.