Indian religious literature such as the Bhagavad Gita or the Tantric texts, which are identified as differing from

secular writings seen as 'western', elicits much greater interest in the West than do the other Indian writings,
including India's long history of heterodoxy. There is a similar neglect of Indian writing on non-religious
subjects, from mathematics, epistemology and natural science to economics and linguistics. Through selective
emphasis that point up differences with the West, other civilizations can, in this way, be redefined in alien
terms, which can be exotic and charming, or else bizarre and terrifying, or simply strange and engaging. When
identity is thus 'defined by contrast', divergence with the West becomes central.

1. The West identifies the Indian civilization through:

(a) Indian writings on non-religious subjects.

(b) Indian writings that reflect its long history of heterodoxy.

(c) Indian religious literature.

(d) All of the above.

2. The aspects in other civilizations that interest the West are:

(a) secular and heterodox

(b) alien and divergent from the West

(c) 'western' and hence familiar

(d) All of the above

3. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. The West likes to define other civilizations through selective emphasis on their 'non-western'
aspects.

2. Indian secular writings are seen as 'western', which elicit great interest in the West.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

We know infinitely more about the wealthy people of Egypt than we do about the ordinary people, as most
monuments were made for the rich. Houses in which ordinary Egyptians lived have not been preserved, and
when most people died they were buried in simple graves. Most of our traditional sources of information about
the Old Kingdom are monuments of the rich like pyramids and tombs. Even papyri come mainly from pyramid
temples. But this does not mean that death was the Egyptians' only preoccupation.

4. The traditional sources of information about the Egyptian civilization are:

(a) Graves of ordinary people

(b) Pyramids and tombs

(c) Papyri in pyramid temples

(d) Both (b) and (c)

5. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. The Egyptians were preoccupied with death.

 2. Only the rich Egyptians were preoccupied with death.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Call it the third wave sweeping the Indian media. The first came with those magnificent men in their mahogany
chambers who took on the world with their mighty fountain pens. Then the media barons wrested back control
from their editors, and turned marketing warriors with the brand as their missile. Now, they are starring in a new
role, as suave dealmakers who are in a hurry to strike alliances and agreements. Look around and you will find a
host of deals that have been inked or are ready to be finalized.

6. During the second wave that swept the Indian media:

(a) editors played a prominent role

(b) owners of media houses focused on brand -building

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) Neither (a) nor (b)

7. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. The media barons are busy expanding their business today.

2. The media is a watchdog of democracy.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

The phrase 'war against terror', which has passed into the common lexicon, is a huge misnomer. Terror is a
phenomenon, not an entity-either State or non-State. How can then one characterize a conflict to be waged
against a phenomenon as war? Besides, war has a juridical meaning in international law, which has codified the
la s of war, imbuing them with a humanitarian content. Surrendered, or captured, combatants cannot be
incarcerated in razor wire cages; war has a dubious legality.

8. The main idea of the author is:

(a) Terror is not a concrete entity.

(b) War is possible only against some tangible entity.

(c) War against terror is illegal.

(d) War against terror is a misnomer.

9. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. The term war has legal implications in international law.

 2. International laws of war have a humanitarian content.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ambassadors have to choose their words. They do a specialized job and it is necessary for them to live
ceremonial lives. As official, their vision of a country shouldnt run too far beyond that of the local people with
whom they have to deal. So, with ambassadors as with other expatriates in black Africa, there appears at a first
meeting a kind of ambivalence. To say what they feel they have to say, they appear to be denying of ignoring
part of what they know.

10. Ambassadors have to choose their words because:

(a) They cannot antagonize the local people whom they have to deal with.

(b) Their role is to attend ceremonies.

(c) They must be clear in their vision and cannot afford to be ambivalent.

(d) All of the above.

11. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. Ambassadors feel that they must say nice things about the country they are posted to.

2. Ambivalence in ambassadors at a first meeting results from the divergence between what they
must say and what they must not say.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Intelligence can be measured by tests. Binet developed the first set of such tests in the early 1900s to find out
which children in school needed special attention. Since then, intelligence tests have been mostly used to
separate dull children in school from average or bright children, so that special education can be provided to the
dull ones. Intelligence is expressed as intelligence quotient, and tests are developed to indicate what an average
child of a certain age can do: what a 5-year-old can answer, but a 4- year-old cannot, for instance. In other
words, intelligence tests give us a norm for each age.

12. Which are some of the characteristics of intelligence tests?

(a) Intelligence is measured as the ability to perform academic tasks.

(b) Intelligence is benchmarked against the average for a particular age.

(c) Binet showed that intelligence is after all measurable.

(d) All of the above.

13. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

 1. There are different intelligence tests for different ages.

2. Intelligence tests have been mostly administered on school children.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

The reconstruction of history by post-revolutionary science texts involves more than a multiplication of
historical misconstructions. Those misconstructions render revolutions invisible; the arrangement of the still
visible material in science texts implies a process that, if it existed, would deny revolutions a function. Because
the aim quickly to acquaint the student with what the contemporary scientific community thinks it knows,
textbooks treat the various experiments, concepts, laws and theories of the current normal science as separately
and as nearly seriatim as possible. But when combined with the generally unhistorical air of science writing and
with to occasional systematic misconstruction, one impression is likely to follow. Science has reached its
present state by a series of individual discoveries and inventions that, when gathered together, constitute the
modern body of technical knowledge.

14. In this passage, the phrase "post-revolutionary science texts" would probably mean:

(a) Science texts written after the American and French Revolutions.

(b) Science texts written after the Industrial Revolution.

(c) Science texts written after the revolution in science brought about by Newton.

(d) None of the above.

15. Which of the following statements is the author likely to agree with:

(a) Science progressed as a series of separate discoveries and inventions.

(b) The history of science is well-documented.

(c) Individual discoveries and inventions brought out revolutions of their own.

(d) None of the above.

The human race is spread all over the world, from the polar regions to the tropics. The people of whom it is
made up eat different kinds of food, partly according to the climate in which they live, and partly according to
the kind of food which their country produces. In hot climates, meat and fat are not much needed; but in the
Arctic regions they seem to be very necessary for keeping up the heat of the body. Thus, in India, people live
chiefly on different kinds of grains, eggs, milk, of sometimes fish and meat. In Europe, people eat more meat
and less grain. In the Arctice regions where no grains and fruits are produced, the Eskimo and other races live
almost entirely on meat and fish.

16. Which of the following best sums up what the author is saying?

(a) People in different parts of the word eat different foods.

(b) Climate and the local produced determine what people eat in different parts of the world.

(c) Climates vary from the tropics to the Arctic regions.

(d) Food produce generally matches with the requirements. of the climate.

17. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

 (a) Indians don't need to eat meat and fat most of the time.

(b) Eskimos don't eat grains and fruit.

(c) Most parts of Europe have a cold climate.

(d) All of the above.

So much of our day-to-day focus seems to be on getting things done, trudging our way through the tasks of
living-it can feel like a treadmill that gets you nowhere; where is the childlike joy? We are not doing the things
that make us happy; that which brings us joy; the things that we cannot wait to do because we enjoy them so
much. This is the stuff that joyful living is made of-identifying your calling and committing yourself
wholeheartedly to it. When this happens, each moment becomes a celebration of you; there is a rush of energy
that comes with a feeling completely immersed in doing what you love most.

18. Which of the following best sums up what the author is saying?

(a) We are living day-to-day, but we are not happy.

(b) Don't just get caught up in the drudgery of life; search for what you love doing and live life to the
fullest.

(c) Don't let your life drift along; find interesting things to do.

(d) Indulge in childlike joys and avoid the chores of life.

19. What does "your calling" refer to in the passage?

(a) Name (whit: people call you)

(b) Vocation

(c) Avocation

(d) Means of livelihood

There have never been more opportunities for 'regular' people to become celebrities. The growth of 'reality TV'
shows like Kuan Banega Crorepati and Indian Idol which star ordinary member of the public, mean that
potentially anyone can become a star. The good news about reality shows is that they bring you fame at the
speed of light. The bad news is that they bring you obscurity just as fast. While the show is being are the biggest
star in the galaxy, but once the publicity goes, real life is waiting around

20. What is the opposite of fame?

(a) ordinary

(b) obscurity

(c) publicity

(d) regular

21. The expression speed of light is used to refer to

(a) how fast good news spreads

(b) how fast stars travel in a galaxy

(c) how fast reality shows are aired

(d) how fast a reality show participant becomes a celebrity.

22. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

 1. Everyone is able to become a star by participating in a reality show.

2. Reality shows only allows talented people to showcase their talent.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Mattancherry is Indian Jewry's most famous settlement. Its pretty streets of pastel coloured houses, connected
by first-floor passages and home to the last twelve saree--and-sarong-wearing, white-skinned Indian Jews are
visited by thousands of tourists each year. Its synagogue, built in 1568, with a floor of blue-and-white Chinese
tiles, a carpet given by Haile Selassie and the frosty Yaheh selling tickets at the door, stands as an image of
religious tolerance. India's Jews have almost never suffered discrimination, except for European colonizers and
each other.

23. What stands as a symbol of religious tolerance?

(a) The Chinese tiles and a carpet given by Haile Selassie.

(b) The Yaheh selling tickets at the door.

(c) The synagogue.

(d) All of the above

24. What does the word frosty mean in the context of the passages?

(a) unfriendly

(b) full of frost

(c) enthusiastic

(d) colourful

25. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. White-skinned Indian jews of Mattancherry wearing sarees and sarongs represent cultural
integration.

2. Indias Jews have not suffered discrimination at the hands of other Indians.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Gender is certainly a contributor to societal inequality, but it does not act independently of class. Belonging to a
privileged class can help a woman to overcome many barriers that obstruct women from less thriving classes. A
congruence of class deprivation and gender discrimination can blight the lives of poorer women very severely. It
is the interactive presence of these two kinds of deprivation-being low class and being female-that massively
impoverishes women from the less privileged classes. Similarly, turning to caste, even though being lower caste
is undoubtedly a separate cause of disparity, its impact is all the more when the lower-caste families also happen
to be poor.

26. Societal inequality in India is observed on the following lines:

(a) gender

(b) class

(c) caste

(d) All of the above.

27. As per the author, which combinations of factors contribute most to societal inequality?

(a) gender combined with caste.

(b) gender combined with class.

(c) caste combined with class.

(d) Both (b) and (c).

28. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. Women from privileged classes are less discriminated against than women from lower classes.

2. Men or women, rich or poor, people of the lower castes are in any case discriminated against.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Given the poor availability of the required drugs in government hospitals, the HIV / AIDS affected should be
switching to private initiatives that sup- ply anti-retroviral drugs (ARVs) at a low cost. 'The government has
been supplying free drugs since 2004, and 35000 people have benefited up to now though the size of the
affected population is 150 limes this number, The recent initiatives of networks and companies like AIDS Care
Network, Emcure, Reliance-Cipla-CII, would lead to availability of much-needed drugs to a larger number of
affected people. But how ironic it is that we should face a perennial shortage of drugs when India is one of the
world's largest suppliers of generic drugs to the developing world.

29. Why should HIV / AIDS affected switch from government hospitals to private initiatives?

(a) Because government hospitals supply free drugs.

(b) Because private initiatives supply drugs at a lower cost.

(c) Because the drugs supplied by private initiatives are of a better quality than those supplied by
government hospitals.

(d) Because government hospitals cannot meet the demand for drugs

30. What could be some legitimate reasons for the Indian government exporting generic drug when there is
shortage at home?

(a) The quality of our drugs is poor so we might as well dump them onto other countries.

(b) Earning foreign exchange is imperative to contain our current account deficit.
 (c) To meet our WTO obligations.

(d) Both (b) and (c).

31. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. Quality of service is poor in government hospitals.

2. HIV / AIDS affected cannot depend only on government hospitals.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

In theory, once all the bugs have been sorted out, fuel cells should deliver better total fuel economy than any
existing engines. A Hawing for the resources needed to extract hydrogen from hydrocarbon, oil, coal or gas, the
fuel cell has an efficiency of 30 %. That is twice as good as the internal combustion engine, but only five
percentage points better than a diesel hybrid. But once hydrogen is being produced from biomass or extracted
from underground coal or made from water, using nuclear or renewable electricity, the way will be open for a
huge reduction in carbon emissions from the whole system. Experts such as Larry Burns, head of research at
GM, reckon that only such a full hearted leap will allow the world to cope with the mass motorization that will
one day come to China or India.

32. What does "mass motorization" mean in the context of the passage?

(a) Use of motors en masse for industrial development.

(b) 111e increase in the number of vehicles needed for the transport needs of people.

(c) Use of motors using energy produced from biomass.

(d) All of the above.

33. What are the likely advantages at fuel cells over existing engines in the future?

(a) More fuel efficient.

(b) Less pollution.

(c) Less bugs.

(d) Both (a) and (b)

34. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. Fuel cells need hydrogen to produce energy.

2. Diesel hybrids are more efficient than diesel engines.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Good literary magazines have always been good because of their editors. The more quirky and idiosyncratic
they have been, the better the magazine is, at least as a general rule. But the number of editors one can have for
a magazine should also be determined by the number of contributions to it. To have four editors for an issue that
contains only seven contributions is a bit silly to start with. Furthermore, to edit by committee, as it were, would
prevent any magazine from finding its own identity. However, in spite of this anomaly, the magazine does
acquire merit in its attempt to give a comprehensive view of the Indian literary scene as it is today.

35. What is the "anomaly" in the context of the passage?

(a) Literary magazines tend to be quirky and idiosyncratic in their content.

(b) Literary magazines tend to have more editors than contributions.

(c) Literary magazines that are edited by a committee of editors lose their distinctive identity.

(d) All of the above.

36. With reference to the passage, consider the following .statements:

1. Literary magazines are more likely to be good because of the eccentricities of their editors.

2. Literary magazines that are edited by a committee of editors are more likely to attempt to give
a comprehensive view of the Indian literary scene as it is today.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

It is the success story of the Indian expatriate in the US which today hogs much of the media coverage in India,
especially in its mort' recent romancing-the-NRI phase. Well groomed, with their perfect Colgate smiles, and
hair in place, they appear the picture of confidence which comes from having arrived. East and West, the twain
have met quite comfortably in their person, thank you. Seldom does the price of getting there-more like not
getting there--or what's going on behind those sunny smiles get so much media hype.

37. What does the phrase "having arrived" mean in the context of the passage?

(a) Having successfully immigrated to the US.

(b) Having successfully arrived on the shores of the US.

(c) Having acquired wealth, position and fame.

(d) All of the above.

38. What does the phrase "East and West, the twain have met quite comfortably in their person" mean in
the context of the passage?

(a) The phrase "East and West, the twain shall never meet" is vindicated by the success stories of
NRls.

(b) NRIs have comfortably settled into western society and made a success of their lives.

(c) NRIs have found the horizon that joins East and West within themselves.

(d) All of the above.

39. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

 1. The efforts put in, the stress experienced, the indignities suffered, and so on by the NRls rarely
receive media attention.

2. Indian media has always given wide coverage to the success stories of NRIs.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

A market for Indian art has existed ever since the international art scene sprang to life. But interest in antiques is
an unanticipated fallout of the Festivals of India of the 1980s, which were designed to increase exports of Indian
crafts. Simultaneously, the Indian elite discarded their synthetic sarees and kitsch plastic furniture and a market
came into being. Western dealers, unhappy in a market afflicted by violent price fluctuations and unpredictable
profit margins, began to look East, and found cheap antiques with irresistible appeal. The fortunes of the Delhi
supremos, the Jew Town dealers in Cochin and myriad others around the country were made. A chain of
command was established, from the local contacts to the provincial dealers and up to the big boys, who entertain
the Italians and the French, cutting deals worth lakhs in warehouse worth crores.

40. What does the word "kitsch" mean in, the context of the passage?

(a) of poor taste

(b) garish

(c) Both (a) and (D) above.

(d) Neither (a) nor (b) above.

41. Which of the following will the author most agree with?

(a) The taste of the Indian-elite improved as the market for Indian art opened up.

(b) Western dealers found Indian antiques to be cheap in taste.

(c) The international art market has been stable over the years.

(d) Many-exporters made their fortunes during the Festivals of India of the 1980s.

42. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. A market for Indian' art has always existed in the interactional art market.

2. The Festival of India of the 1980s aroused interest in Indian art, as expected.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

A thorough knowledge of the path or course to be followed is essential for achieving success. Seniors must
show the path clearly by laying down the precise expectations in terms of job description, key result areas and
personal targets. They should also 'light the path' by personal example. Advice tendered or help offered must be
objectively evaluated fur its effectiveness in achieving the desired goal. A display of arrogance and a false sense
of 'self-worth' in order to belittle those who come for help prove dysfunctional. The individuality of each person
must be respected.

43. The tone of the passage is:

(a) preachy

(b) supercilious

(c) prescriptive

(d) None of the above.

44. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

(a) Seniors must provide leadership by "walking the talk" themselves.

(b) Seniors who talk down to their subordinates are ineffective.

(c) Seniors should be both efficient and effective in their work.

(d) Both (a) and (b) above.

45. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. Subordinates should not be arrogant with 'their seniors.

2. Subordinates should know clearly what is expected of them in order to deliver.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

India's experience of industrialization is characteristic of the difficulties faced by a newly-independent

developing country. Indian industrialization was the result of a conscious deliberate policy of growth by an
indigenous political elite. In 1947, India was undoubtedly an under-developed country with one of the lowest
per capita incomes in the world. Today India ranks fifth in the international community of nations if measured in
terms of purchasing power. Even today, however, the benefits of Indian industrialization since independence
have not reached the masses. Industrialization in India has been a limited success; one more example of growth
without development.

46. What does the phrase "growth without development" mean in the context of the passage?

(a) decrease in the purchasing power of the rupee

(b) lack of inclusive growth

(c) jobless growth

(d) (b) and (c) above

47. Which me possibly some of "the difficulties faced by a newly-independent developing country, such as
India" being alluded to by the author?

(a) lack of markets

(b) shortage of funds and technology

 (c) limited land available to build new industries

(d) All of the above.

It is significant that one of the most common objections to competition is that it is blind. Although competition
and justice may have little else in common, it is as much a commendation of competition as of justice that it is
no respecter of persons. The choice today is not between a system in which everybody will get what he deserves
according to some universal standard and one where individual shares are determined by chance or good will.
Rather it is a choice between a system where it is the will of a few persons that decides who is to get what and
one where it depends, at least partly, Oil the ability and the enterprise of-the people concerned. This is important
because in a system of free enterprise based on private property chances are not equal and there is indeed a
strong case for reducing that inequality of opportunity. The fact that opportunities open to the poor in a
competitive society are much more restricted than those open to the rich, does not make it less true that in such a
society the poor arc more free than a person commanding much greater material comfort in a different type of
society.

48. The author is most likely to agree with:

(a) Everyone should get what he/she, deserves.

(b) That competition is blind is a good thing.

(c) Who is to get what should he determined by chance or goodwill.

(d) A system of free enterprise based on private property is a perfect system.

49. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

(a) Crony capitalismis such a system in which people get opportunities, at least partly, on their
ability and their enterprise.

(b) What is common between competition and justice is that both are blind.

(c) Communism is such a system in which the will of a few persons decides who is to get what,

(d) Capitalism is such a system in which who gets what is determined by chance or goodwill.

50. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements.

1. There IS equality of opportunity in a system of free enterprise based on private properly.

2. The poor in a competitive society have more opportunity than the riel, in a different type of
society.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

The necessity for regional integration in South Asia is underlined by the very history of the last 65 years since
the liquidation of the British Empire in this part of the world. After the partition of the Indian Subcontinent,
Pakistan was formed in that very area which the imperial powers had always marked out as the potential base
for operations against the Russian power in Central Asia. Because of the disunity and ill-will among the South
Asia neighbors, particularly India and Pakistan, great powers from outside the area could meddle in their affairs
and thereby keep neighbours apart. As a part of the cold war strategy of the US, Pakistan was sucked into
Washington's military alliance spreading over the years. It needs to be added that it was the bountiful supply of
sophisticated arms that emboldened Pakistan to go for warlike bellicosity towards India. Internally too, it was
the massive induction of American arms into Pakistan which empowered the military junta of that country to
frequently take power in its own hands and not allow democracy to take root in Pakistan.

51. Which of the following is true as per the passage?

(a) There has always been disunity and ill-will among South Asian neighbours.

(b) Democracy could not take root in Pakistan because of cold war politics.

(c) The balance of power during the cold war prevented a major war between India and Pakistan.

(d) During the cold war, it became necessary for newly-independent nations to align with one
superpower or the other.

52. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. The massive induction of American arms into Pakistan during the cold war has been the main
cause for the failure to achieve regional integration in South Asia.

2. The area where Pakistan was formed has been of geostrategic importance to the western
powers during the cold war.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Count Rumford is perhaps best known for his observations on the nature of heat. He undertook several
experiments in order to test the theories of the origin of frictional heat. In the munitions factory in Munich,
Rumford noticed that a considerable degree of heat developed in a brass gun while it was being bored. Lavoisier
had introduced the term' caloric' for the weightless substance heat, and had included it among the chemical'
elements, along with carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. According to the calorists, heat was produced by the caloric'
squeezed out of the chips in the process of separating them from-the larger pieces of metal. Rumford could not
believe-that-the large mount of heat generated could have come from the small amount of dust created.

53. Which of the following is true as per the passage?

(a) Rumford believed the heat was a chemical element but the no weight.

(b ) Rumford studied the origin of frictional heat

(c) Rumford be lieved that heat was squeezed opt, of brass chips in the process of boring.

(d) Rumford is best known for introducing heat into the table of chemical elements.

54. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. Rumford and Lavoisier were colorists.

2. Rumford undertook all his experiments in the munitions factory in Munich.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

 (d) Neither 1 nor 2

It doesn't take a highly esteemed medical expert to conclude that women handle pain better than men. The men
in my life, including my husband and my father, would not take a Tylenol for pain if their lives depended on it.
They do, however, make life hell for everyone else with their non-stop complaining about how bad they feel. As
for labour pains, the human species would become extinct if men had to give birth. First the men would give
birth, and then take six months to recover. And by the time they futish sharing their excruciating experience
with their buddies, all reproduction would come to an halt.

55. What is the tone, of the passage?

(a) indignant

(b) sarcastic

(c) condescending

(d) complaining

56. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. Women handle labour pains better than men do.

2. Men complain endlessly in order to make the, pain bearable.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Historically, stained glass was almost entirely reserved for ecclesiastical spaces. "It is my mission to bring it
kicking and screaming out of that milieu," says Clarke. By all counts, he has accomplished that mission with
unmistakable style. The first was the jewel-like windows he designed for a Cistercian Church in Switzerland.
The other was a spectacular, huge skylight in a shopping complex in Brazil.

57. How did Clarke fulfill his mission?

(a) By designing jewel-like stained glass windows for a Cistercian Church in Switzerland.

(b) By designing a huge stained glass skylight in a shopping mall in Brazil.

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) Neither (a) nor (b)

58. What can be inferred to be the meaning of "ecclesiastical spaces" in the context of the passage?

(a) buildings with stained glass.

(b) buildings with architecture of grandeur.

(c) churches monasteries, abbeys, de of the Christian Church.

(d) All of the above

Total forgiveness for a mistake committed generates a sense of complacency towards target achievement among
the employees. The feeling that they develop is: 'whether I produce results or not, the management will not
punish me or does not have the guts to punish me.' In such a situation the work ethos gets distorted and
individuals get a feeling that they can get away with any lapse. The severity of the punishment may be reduced,
by modifying it, but some action must be taken against the guilty so as to serve as a reminder for all others in the
organization. Also, excess laxity damages management credibility, because for a long time, the management has
maintained that dysfunctional behaviour will result in punishment, and when something goes wrong, it fails to
take specific punitive action. Moreover, it helps establish the management's image of being firm, fair and yet
human.

59. Which of the following are the key arguments of the author?

(a) Every mistake should be punished in order to maintain the effectiveness of the organization.

(b) Every mistake should be punished because management policy lays down that every mistake
be punished.

(c) Every mistake should be punished because it will set an example for the others.

(d) All of the above.

60. With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. Punishment should be tempered with humanness.

2. Punishment should be proportionate to the mistake or wrongdoing.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2